pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
THE SCHRÖDINGER EQUATION IN THE MEAN-FIELD AND SEMICLASSICAL REGIME

33 pagesInternational audienceIn this paper, we establish (1) the classical limit of the Hartree equation leading to the Vlasov equation, (2) the classical limit of the N-body linear Schrödinger equation uniformly in N leading to the N-body Liouville equation of classical mechanics and (3) the simultaneous mean-field and classical limit of the N-body linear Schrödinger equation leading to the Vlasov equation. In all these limits, we assume that the gradient of the interaction potential is Lipschitz continuous. All our results are formulated as estimates involving a quantum analogue of the Monge-Kantorovich distance of exponent 2 adapted to the classical limit, reminiscent of, but different from the one defined in [F. Golse, C. Mouhot, T. Paul, Commun. Math. Phys. 343 (2016), 165-205]. As a by-product, we also provide bounds on the quadratic Monge-Kantorovich distances between the classical densities and the Husimi functions of the quantum density matrices
Modeling the shock-cloud interaction in SN 1006: Unveiling the origin of nonthermal X-ray and γ-ray emission

Context. The supernova remnant SN 1006 is a source of high-energy particles and its southwestern limb is interacting with a dense ambient cloud, thus is a promising region for γ-ray hadronic emission. Aims. We aim at describing the physics and the nonthermal emission associated with the shock-cloud interaction to derive the physical parameters of the cloud (poorly constrained by the data analysis), to ascertain the origin of the observed spatial variations in the spectral properties of the X-ray synchrotron emission, and to predict spectral and morphological features of the resulting γ-ray emission. Methods. We performed 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulations modeling the evolution of SN 1006 and its interaction with the ambient cloud, and explored different model setups. By applying the REMLIGHT code on the model results, we synthesized the synchrotron X-ray emission and compared it with actual observations to constrain the parameters of the model. We also synthesized the leptonic and hadronic γ-ray emission from the models, deriving constraints on the energy content of the hadrons accelerated at the southwestern limb. Results. We found that the impact of the SN 1006 shock front with a uniform cloud with density 0.5 cm-3 can explain the observed morphology, the azimuthal variations of the cutoff frequency of the X-ray synchrotron emission, and the shock proper motion in the interaction region. Our results show that the current upper limit for the total hadronic energy in the southwestern limb is 2.5 × 1049 erg
Carotenoids in fresh and processed tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits protect cells from oxidative stress injury

BACKGROUND: Lipophilic antioxidants in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits exert important functions in reducing the risk\ud
of human diseases. Here the effect of thermal processing on the antioxidant activity of lipophilic extracts from the commercial\ud
tomato hybrid ‘Zebrino’ was analysed. Carotenoid content and lipophilic antioxidant activity were determined and the ability\ud
of tomato extracts in rescuing cells from oxidative stress was assessed.\ud
RESULTS: Lipophilic antioxidant activity was completely retained after heat treatment and extracts were able to mitigate the\ud
detrimental effect induced by oxidative stress on different cell lines. Lycopene alone was able to rescue cells from oxidative\ud
stress, even if to a lower extent compared with tomato extracts. These results were probably due to the synergistic effect of\ud
tomato compounds in protecting cells from oxidative stress injury.\ud
CONCLUSION: The current study provides valuable insights into the health effect of the dietary carotenoids present in fresh and\ud
processed tomato fruits
Search for direct slepton and gaugino production in final states with two leptons and missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at s√=7 TeV

A search for the electroweak pair production of charged sleptons and weak gauginos decaying into final states with two leptons is performed using 4.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at View the MathML source TeV recorded with the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excesses are observed with respect to the prediction from Standard Model processes. In the scenario of direct slepton production, if the sleptons decay directly into the lightest neutralino, left-handed slepton masses between 85 and 195 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for a 20 GeV neutralino. Chargino masses between 110 and 340 GeV are excluded in the scenario of direct production of wino-like chargino pairs decaying into the lightest neutralino via an intermediate on-shell charged slepton for a 10 GeV neutralino. The results are also interpreted in the framework of the phenomenological minimal supersymmetric Standard Model.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States
Measurement of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMJournal of High Energy Physics 2013.12 (2013): 030 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Measurements of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections are presented using an integrated luminosity of 4.5 (4.8) fb−1 in the dimuon (dielectron) channel of proton-proton collision data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at √s = 7 TeV. The measured inclusive cross section in the Z-peak region (60–120 GeV) is σ(``) = 986.4 ± 0.6 (stat.) ± 5.9 (exp. syst.) ± 21.7 (th. syst.) ± 21.7 (lum.) pb for the combination of the dimuon and dielectron channels. Differential cross sections dσ/dm for the dimuon, dielectron, and combined channels are measured in the mass range 15 to 1500 GeV and corrected to the full phase space. Results are also presented for the measurement of the double-differential cross section d2σ/dm d|y| in the dimuon channel over the mass range 20 to 1500 GeV and absolute dimuon rapidity from 0 to 2.4. These measurements are compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD calculations at next-to-leading
and next-to-next-to-leading orders using various sets of parton distribution function
Search for high-mass resonances decaying to dilepton final states in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Journal of High Energy Physics 2012.11 (2012): 1-45 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used to search for highmass resonances decaying to an electron-positron pair or a muon-antimuon pair. The search is sensitive to heavy neutral Z′ gauge bosons, Randall-Sundrum gravitons, Z* bosons, techni-mesons, Kaluza-Klein Z/γ bosons, and bosons predicted by Torsion models. Results are presented based on an analysis of pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb-1 in the e +e- channel and 5.0 fb-1 in the μ+μ- channel. A Z′ boson with Standard Model-like couplings is excluded at 95% confidence level for masses below 2.22 TeV. A Randall-Sundrum graviton with coupling k /M̄Pl = 0.1 is excluded at 95% confidence level for masses below 2.16 TeV. Limits on the other models are also presented, including Technicolor and Minimal Z′ Model
Modelling spatially regulated B-catenin dynamics & invasion in intestinal crypts

Experimental data (e.g., genetic lineage and cell population studies) on intestinal crypts reveal that regulatory features of crypt behavior, such as control via morphogen gradients, are remarkably well conserved among numerous organisms (e.g., from mouse and rat to human) and throughout the different regions of the small and large intestines. In this article, we construct a partial differential equation model of a single colonic crypt that describes the spatial distribution of Wnt pathway proteins along the crypt axis. The novelty of our continuum model is that it is based upon assumptions that can be directly related to processes at the cellular and subcellular scales. We use the model to predict how the distributions of Wnt pathway proteins are affected by mutations. The model is then extended to investigate how mutant cell populations can invade neighboring crypts. The model simulations suggest that cell crowding caused by increased proliferation and decreased cell loss may be sufficient for a mutant cell population to colonize a neighboring healthy crypt
The neural control of rhythmic motor sequences

Sequence learning is one of the most important functions of the motor system since
almost every advanced motor skill consists of many component movements that need
to be executed in sequential order. For successful performance both, the correct serial
order of movements and adequate timing are of importance. Learning a new sequence
does not necessarily require conscious awareness: it can occur implicitly. This thesis
investigates both the behavioral (Study I) and neural (Study II, Study III) basis of
timing control and implicit sequence learning. Additionally, we study if brief periods of
motor sequence learning can induce short-term plasticity in the functional connectivity
between brain regions (Study IV).
In Study I, we use the process dissociation procedure to show that distinct implicit and
explicit systems exist for temporal sequence learning: Whereas implicit learning is
gradual and gives rise to knowledge that is inaccessible to conscious control, the
explicit system is fast and results in representations that can be consciously accessed. In
Study II, we used fMRI to investigate the influence of the training and pacing modality
on the neural control of rhythmic sequence performance. We showed that the dorsal
auditory pathway was activated during the performance of both visual and auditory
rhythms, suggesting that over-learned rhythms, even those that were both trained and
paced in visual modality, are transformed into auditory-motor representations. In Study
III, we used PET to investigate if individual differences in implicit and explicit
sequence learning are related to dopamine receptor densities in the functional subregions
of the striatum. We found that densities in the limbic striatum were specifically
related to implicit but not explicit learning, supporting the idea that implicit and explicit
sequence learning depend on partly distinct neural circuitry. In Study IV, we used
TMS to investigate if motor sequence training can induce training-dependent transient
changes in the functional connection between posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and
primary motor cortex (M1). We could show that brief periods of motor sequence
training did induce plasticity-like effects in the PPC-M1 connection, suggesting that
motor training has a very powerful modulatory effect on brain connectivity.
In sum, our results offer both behavioral and anatomical support for the fact that
implicit and explicit learning seem to rely on at least partially different neural circuits.
They also show that that the influence of stimulus modality on the neural activity and
functional connectivity is rather small, at least when the sequences are over-learned.
Finally, they suggest that already short periods of motor sequence training can induce
short-term plasticity-like effects in the connectivity of different motor regions
Ca impurity in small mixed He-4-He-3 clusters

The structure of small mixed helium clusters doped with one calcium atom has been determined within the diffusion Monte Carlo framework. The results show that the calcium atom sits at the 4He-3He interface. This is in agreement with previous studies, both experimental and theoretical, performed for large clusters. A comparison between the results obtained for the largest cluster we have considered for each isotope shows a clear tendency of the Ca atom to reside in a deep dimple at the surface of the cluster for 4He clusters, and to become fully solvated for 3He clusters. We have calculated the absorption spectrum of Ca around the 4s4p←4s2 transition and have found that it is blue-shifted from that of the free-atom transition by an amount that depends on the size and composition of the cluster
Search for signatures of magnetically-induced alignment in the arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger

We present the results of an analysis of data recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory in which we search for groups of directionally-aligned events (or 'multiplets') which exhibit a correlation between arrival direction and the inverse of the energy. These signatures are expected from sets of events coming from the same source after having been deflected by intervening coherent magnetic fields. The observation of several events from the same source would open the possibility to accurately reconstruct the position of the source and also measure the integral of the component of the magnetic field orthogonal to the trajectory of the cosmic rays. We describe the largest multiplets found and compute the probability that they appeared by chance from an isotropic distribution. We find no statistically significant evidence for the presence of multiplets arising from magnetic deflections in the present data
Improving the measurement of the CKM phase $\phi_2 = \alpha$ in $B \to
  \pi \pi$ and $B \to \rho \rho$ decays

CP-violating asymmetries in $B \to \pi \pi$ and $B \to \rho \rho$ decays can
help specify the weak phase $\phi_2 = \alpha$ of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-%
Maskawa (CKM) matrix. We discuss the impact of improved measurements of these
processes such as will be available in the near future, finding special value
in better measurement of the time-dependent CP violation parameter $S_{00}$ in
$B^0 \to \pi^0 \pi^0$ and $B^0 \to \rho^0 \rho^0$. Reducing the errors on $B
\to \rho \rho$ measurements by a factor of two can potentially lead to an error
in $\phi_2 = \alpha$ just above $2^\circ$, at which level isospin-breaking
corrections must be considered.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures. To be published in Physics Letters B; minor
  typographic correction
Observation of the suppressed decay $\Lambda^{0}_{b}\rightarrow
  p\pi^{-}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$

The suppressed decay $\Lambda^{0}_{b}\rightarrow p\pi^{-}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$,
excluding the $J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S)\rightarrow \mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ resonances, is
observed for the first time with a significance of 5.5 standard deviations. The
analysis is performed with proton-proton collision data corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of $3\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected with the LHCb
experiment. The $\Lambda^{0}_{b}\rightarrow p\pi^{-}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ branching
fraction is measured relative to the $\Lambda^{0}_{b}\rightarrow
J/\psi(\rightarrow \mu^{+}\mu^{-})p\pi^{-}$ branching fraction giving
\begin{align} \nonumber
  \frac{\mathcal{B}(\Lambda^{0}_{b}\rightarrow
p\pi^{-}\mu^{+}\mu^{-})}{\mathcal{B}({\Lambda^{0}_{b}\rightarrow
J/\psi(\rightarrow \mu^{+}\mu^{-})p\pi^{-}})} &= 0.044\pm0.012\pm0.007,
\end{align} where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is
systematic. This is the first observation of a $b\rightarrow d$ transition in a
baryonic decay.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures. All figures and tables, along with any
  supplementary material and additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2016-049.htm
Effects of a clinician referral and exercise program for men who have completed active treatment for prostate cancer: A multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial (ENGAGE).

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a clinician referral and exercise program in improving exercise levels and quality of life for men with prostate cancer. METHODS: This was a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial in Melbourne, Australia comprising 15 clinicians: 8 clinicians were randomized to refer eligible participants (n = 54) to a 12-week exercise program comprising 2 supervised gym sessions and 1 home-based session per week, and 7 clinicians were randomized to follow usual care (n = 93). The primary outcome was self-reported physical activity; the secondary outcomes were quality of life, anxiety, and symptoms of depression. RESULTS: A significant intervention effect was observed for vigorous-intensity exercise (effect size: Cohen's d, 0.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.09-0.82; P = .010) but not for combined moderate and vigorous exercise levels (effect size: d, 0.08; 95% CI, -0.28 to 0.45; P = .48). Significant intervention effects were also observed for meeting exercise guidelines (≥150 min/wk; odds ratio, 3.9; 95% CI, 1.9-7.8; P = .002); positive intervention effects were observed in the intervention group for cognitive functioning (effect size: d, 0.34; 95% CI, -0.02 to 0.70; P = .06) and depression symptoms (effect size: d, -0.35; 95% CI, -0.71 to 0.02; P = .06). Eighty percent of participants reported that the clinician's referral influenced their decision to participate in the exercise program. CONCLUSIONS: The clinician referral and 12-week exercise program significantly improved vigorous exercise levels and had a positive impact on mental health outcomes for men living with prostate cancer. Further research is needed to determine the sustainability of the exercise program and its generalizability to other cancer populations
Surface transport in plasma-balls.

We study the surface transport properties of stationary localized configurations of relativistic fluids to the first two non-trivial orders in a derivative expansion. By demanding that these finite lumps of relativistic fluid are described by a thermal partition function with arbitrary stationary background metric and gauge fields, we are able to find several constraints among surface transport coefficients. At leading order, besides recovering the surface thermodynamics, we obtain a generalization of the Young-Laplace equation for relativistic fluid surfaces, by considering a temperature dependence in the surface tension, which is further generalized in the context of superfluids. At the next order, for uncharged fluids in 3+1 dimensions, we show that besides the 3 independent bulk transport coefficients previously known, a generic localized configuration is characterized by 3 additional surface transport coefficients, one of which may be identified with the surface modulus of rigidity. Finally, as an application, we study the effect of temperature dependence of surface tension on some explicit examples of localized fluid configurations, which are dual to certain non-trivial black hole solutions via the AdS/CFT correspondence
A randomized controlled trial reporting functional outcomes of cognitive–behavioural therapy in medication-treated adults with ADHD and comorbid psychopathology

Studies assessing psychological treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults are increasingly reported. However, functional outcomes are often neglected in favour of symptom outcomes. We investigated functional outcomes in 95 adults with ADHD who were already treated with medication and randomized to receive treatment as usual (TAU/MED) or psychological treatment (CBT/MED) using a cognitive–behavioural programme, R&R2ADHD, which employs both group and individual modalities. RATE-S functional outcomes associated with ADHD symptoms, social functioning, emotional control and antisocial behaviour were given at baseline, end of treatment and three-month follow-up. The Total composite score of these scales is associated with life satisfaction. In addition, independent evaluator ratings of clinicians who were blind to treatment arm were obtained on the Clinical Global Impression scale at each time point. CBT/MED showed overall (combined outcome at end of treatment and 3-month follow-up) significantly greater functional improvement on all scales. Post-group treatment effects were maintained at follow-up with the exception of emotional control and the Total composite scales, which continued to improve. The largest treatment effect was for the RATE-S Total composite scale, associated with life satisfaction. CGI significantly correlated with all outcomes except for social functioning scale at follow-up. The study provides further evidence for the effectiveness of R&R2ADHD and demonstrates the importance of measuring functional outcomes. The key mechanism associated with improved functional outcomes is likely to be behavioural control
Loss of MAFB Function in Humans and Mice Causes Duane Syndrome, Aberrant Extraocular Muscle Innervation, and Inner-Ear Defects.

The accession numbers for the variants identified in this study are ClinVar: SCV000265995, SCV000265996, SCV000265997, and SCV000265998.Duane retraction syndrome (DRS) is a congenital eye-movement disorder defined by limited outward gaze and retraction of the eye on attempted inward gaze. Here, we report on three heterozygous loss-of-function MAFB mutations causing DRS and a dominant-negative MAFB mutation causing DRS and deafness. Using genotype-phenotype correlations in humans and Mafb-knockout mice, we propose a threshold model for variable loss of MAFB function. Postmortem studies of DRS have reported abducens nerve hypoplasia and aberrant innervation of the lateral rectus muscle by the oculomotor nerve. Our studies in mice now confirm this human DRS pathology. Moreover, we demonstrate that selectively disrupting abducens nerve development is sufficient to cause secondary innervation of the lateral rectus muscle by aberrant oculomotor nerve branches, which form at developmental decision regions close to target extraocular muscles. Thus, we present evidence that the primary cause of DRS is failure of the abducens nerve to fully innervate the lateral rectus muscle in early development.Funding support included R01EY12498 (E.C.E.), HD018655 (E.C.E.), and Research to Prevent Blindness Inc. (C.G.S.). J.G.P. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Medical Research Fellow, and E.C.E. is a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator.Peer-reviewedPost-prin