pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for natural enemies of Raoiella indica Hirst in La Reunion Island (Indian Ocean)

Since it first appeared in the New World in 2004, the palm red mite, Raoiella indica Hirst, has spread to many countries, from Florida (USA) to the northern part of Brazil. In this region, this mite has been recorded on several different hosts, but it has been most harmful to coconut. For different reasons, the chemical control of this pest is not feasible, and biological control has been considered an important measure to be pursued. The objective of this paper is to provide details about an effort to determine potential natural enemies of R. indica from La Reunion, for their possible introduction in northern Brazil. The only natural enemy consistently found in association with R. indica was identified as the phytoseiid Amblyseius largoensis Muma. A colony of this species was established with specimens collected from different parts of the island. This colony was introduced to Brazil, where subsequent assessments should indicate whether or not it should be released in the field
Lifshitz black holes in IIA supergravity

We compute string theoretic black hole solutions having Lifshitz asymptotics with a general dynamical exponent z > 1. We start by constructing solutions in a flux compactification of six dimensional supergravity, then uplift them to massive type IIA supergravity. Alongside the Lifshitz black holes we study the simpler anti-de Sitter solutions, of which there are a 1-parameter family in this supergravity, and compare and contrast their properties. The black holes are characterized by a two-form and scalar charge, and we numerically explore their configuration space and thermodynamical aspects.STFC/ST/J000426/1theWolfson Foundation and Royal SocietyPerimeter Institute for Theoretical PhysicsDFG/GRK/1463STFC/ST/H005498/
Chitosan nanofibers as scaffolds for peripheral nerve regeneration

Publicado em : "Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine", vol. 7, supp. 1 (2013)Damage to the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) is remarkably common and occurs mainly from trauma or a complication of surgery [1]. Although recovery of nerve function occurs in some mild injuries, outcomes are frequently poor following severe trauma, resulting in long-term impairment of limb function, dysaesthesia and pain, often with associated psychological effects [2].
In contrast to the central nervous system, the PNS includes an intrinsic capacity to regenerate. Currently, the gold standard autograft repair of the damaged peripheral nerve is far from optimal and is often disappointing. The alternative to the use of grafts is the use of a scaffold that consists in an artificial nerve guide, namely a hollow tube, combined with engineered biomaterials filling its interior in order to provide topographical cues as it has been postulated that axon elongation requires guidance by contact with appropriate substrates.
In the scope of the Biohybrid project, chitosan (CS) powders from Altakitin were supplied and its cytotoxicity was assessed. According to cell viability percentage, no cytotoxicity was observed. Using these biomedical grade powders, biodegradable scaffolds were developed to support neuronal regeneration using the electrospinning technique to produce nanofibers from chitosan solutions. Random and aligned nanofibers were produced and characterized, using techniques such as FTIR, SEM, AFM, DSC and contact angle. To produce a mesh of random chitosan fibers with no beads or other defects, a 5% chitosan solution in trifluoroacetic-acid and dicloromethane as solvents, in the proportion of 70:30 was used. They are super hydrophilic, defect-free and have an average diameter of 184±36nm.  Yarns of aligned chitosan fibers were obtained using the two blades placed in line set up, with the exact same conditions used to obtain random nanofibers. In vitro tests to characterize L929 cells viability (MTS assay) and proliferation (DNA quantification) on nanofibers scaffold were performed
Measurement of the production cross section of prompt J/ψ mesons in association with a W± boson in pp collisions at p s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The process pp--> W + J/psi provides a powerful probe of the production mechanism of charmonium in hadronic collisions, and is also sensitive to multiple parton interactions in the colliding protons. Using the 2011 ATLAS dataset of 4.5 fb-1 of sqrt{s} = 7 TeV pp collisions at the LHC, the first observation is made of the production of W + prompt J/psi events in hadronic collisions, using W-->mu+nu and J/psi-->mu+mu. A yield of 27.4+7.5-6.5 W + prompt J/psi events is observed, with a statistical significance of 5.1 sigma. The production rate as a ratio to the inclusive W boson production rate is measured, and the double parton scattering contribution to the cross section is estimated
On the power of deep pushdown stacks.

Inspired by recent work of Meduna on deep pushdown automata, we consider the computational power of a class of basic program schemes, NPSDSs, based around assignments, while-loops and non-deterministic guessing but with access to a deep pushdown stack which, apart from having the usual push and pop instructions, also has deep-push instructions which allow elements to be pushed to stack locations deep within the stack. We syntactically define sub-classes of NPSDSs by restricting the occurrences of pops, pushes and deep-pushes and capture the complexity classes NP and PSPACE. Furthermore, we show that all problems accepted by program schemes of NPSDSs are in EXPTIME.\u
Nonperturbative renormalization constants and light quark masses

We present the results of an extensive non-perturbative calculation of the renormalization constants of bilinear quark operators,for the non-perturbatively O(a)-improved Wilson action. The results are obtained at four values of the lattice coupling, by using the RI/MOM and the Ward identities methods. A new non-perturbative,renormalization technique, which is based on the study of the lattice correlation functions at short distance in x-space, is also numerically investigated. We then use our non-perturbative determination of the quark mass renormalization constants to compute the values of the strange and the average up/down quark masses. After performing an extrapolation to the continuum limit, we obtain m<((MS)(s))over bar>ms(2 GeV) = (106 +/- 2 +/- 8) MeV and m<((MS)(l))over bar>(2 GeV) = (4.4 +/- 0.1 +/- 0.4) MeV
Constraints on non-Standard Model Higgs boson interactions in an effective Lagrangian using differential cross sections measured in the H → γγ decay channel at √s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The strength and tensor structure of the Higgs boson's interactions are investigated using an effective Lagrangian, which introduces additional CP-even and CP-odd interactions that lead to changes in the kinematic properties of the Higgs boson and associated jet spectra with respect to the Standard Model. The parameters of the effective Lagrangian are probed using a fit to five differential cross sections previously measured by the ATLAS experiment in the H→γγH→γγ decay channel with an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1 at View the MathML sources=8 TeV. In order to perform a simultaneous fit to the five distributions, the statistical correlations between them are determined by re-analysing the H→γγH→γγ candidate events in the proton–proton collision data. No significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed and limits on the effective Lagrangian parameters are derived. The statistical correlations are made publicly available to allow for future analysis of theories with non-Standard Model interactions.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, Canarie, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
Spatial attention can be allocated rapidly and in parallel to new visual objects.

In real-life visual environments, where multiple objects compete for processing, new objects that require immediate attention often appear when attention is already focused elsewhere. The question of whether spatial attention can be directed independently to different locations in the visual field remains controversial. Serial models assume a unitary attentional focus that is directed to one object at a time and moves rapidly between objects. According to parallel models, attention can be simultaneously allocated to several visual objects, but the distribution of attention cannot change rapidly when new objects arrive. Here we demonstrate the existence of a fast and flexible mechanism of attentional object selection, where focal attention is allocated in parallel and independently to different target objects. Using event-related brain potential (ERP) markers of visual attention, we show that when two targets appear in rapid succession at different locations, two separate foci of attention are established, each with its own independent time course. Attention can be maintained at its previous location while it is simultaneously allocated to a new target object. Our results challenge the view that the attentional focus is always unitary and that the spatial selection of multiple visual objects operates in a strictly serial fashion
U-Pb dating of cements in Mesozoic ammonites

Supplementary data to this article can be found online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.03.020.Dating sedimentary carbonates using the U-Pb method can help improve the Phanerozoic timescale. Using a novel combination of laser-ablation, multi-collector, inductively-coupled-plasma, mass-spectrometry (LA–MC–ICP–MS) and thermal ionization multi-collector mass spectrometry (TIMS), U-Pb numerical ages were obtained on early-diagenetic calcite cements in Jurassic ammonites in which concentrations of U range from 0.47 to 5.3 ppm.\ud
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The calcite cements of two ammonites, IS1 and IS2, from the uppermost Bifrons Zone of the Toarcian (179–180 Ma) of the UK, gave TIMS-normalized LA U–Pb dates of 164.9 ± 5.3 Ma and 166.7 ± 4.8 Ma respectively. Normalizing LA–ICP–MC–MS data to an in-house calcite standard gave a more precise date of 165.5 ± 3.3 Ma for IS1 cement. An unzoned ammonite, SS2, of Bajocian age (168–170 Ma) yield a TIMS-normalized LA U–Pb age of 158.8 ± 4.3 Ma for its early-diagenetic cement. Both the combined LA–MC–ICP–MS and TIMS approach, and the use of a calcite laser ablation standard can result in accurate ages of cements with uncertainties of 2–3% (2σ). The later, however, is more efficient and precise. These U-Pb dates of cements are 10 to 20 Myr younger than the numerical ages of the biostratigraphic intervals from which the ammonites derive. The U-Pb dates are taken to represent the time at which the aragonite shell of the ammonite inverted to calcite and released its U to precipitate in a late-diagenetic alteration of early-diagenetic fringing cements.\ud
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Concentrations of U and Pb in a range of other pristine biogenic carbonates were found too low (U < 0.01 ppm) for meaningful dating using laser ablation method.Open Access funded by Natural Environment Research CouncilPeer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Reducing the land use of EU pork production: where there's swill, there's a way

Livestock production occupies approximately 75% of agricultural land, consumes 35% of the world’s grain, and produces 14.5% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. With demand for meat and dairy products forecast to increase 60% by 2050, there is a pressing need to reduce the footprint of livestock farming. Food wastes have a long history as a source of environmentally benign animal feed, but their inclusion in feed is currently banned in the EU because of disease control concerns. A number of East Asian states have in the last 20 years, however, introduced regulated, centralised systems for safely recycling food wastes into animal feed. This study quantifies the land use savings that could be realised by changing EU legislation to promote the use of food wastes as animal feed and reviews the policy, public, and industry barriers to the use of food waste as feed. Our results suggest that the application of existing technologies could reduce the land use of EU pork (20% of world production) by one fifth, potentially saving 1.8 million hectares of agricultural land. While swill presents a low-cost, low-impact animal feed, widespread adoption would require efforts to address consumer and farmer concerns over food safety and disease control.E.K.H.J.zE is funded by BBSRC grant BB/J014540/1.This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2015.11.00
Searches for heavy long-lived charged particles with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root(s)=8 TeV

Searches for heavy lon⁻¹ from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=8 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess is observed above the estimated background and limits are placed on the mass of long-lived particles in various supersymmetric models. Long-lived tau sleptons in models with gauge-mediated symmetry breaking are excluded up to masses between 440 and 385 GeV for tan β between 10 and 50, with a 290 GeV limit in the case where only direct tau slepton production is considered. In the context of simplified LeptoSUSY models, where sleptons are stable and have a mass of 300 GeV, squark and gluino masses are excluded up to a mass of 1500 and 1360 GeV, respectively. Directly produced charginos, in simplified models where they are nearly degenerate to the lightest neutralino, are excluded up to a mass of 620 GeV. R-hadrons, composites containing a gluino, bottom squark or top squark, are excluded up to a mass of 1270, 845 and 900 GeV, respectively, using the full detector; and up to a mass of 1260, 835 and 870 GeV using an approach disregarding information from the muon spectrometer.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (The ATLAS Collaboration
Conceptual design of sound, custom composition languages

Service composition, web mashups, and business process modeling are based on the composition and reuse of existing functionalities, user interfaces, or tasks. Composition tools typically come with their own, purposely built composition languages, based on composition techniques like data flow or control flow, and only with minor distinguishing features-besides the different syntax. Yet, all these composition languages are developed from scratch, without reference specifications (e.g., XML schemas), and by reasoning in terms of low-level language constructs. That is, there is neither reuse nor design support in the development of custom composition languages. We propose a conceptual design technique for the construction of custom composition languages that is based on a generic composition reference model and that fosters reuse. The approach is based on the abstraction of common composition techniques into high-level language features, a set of reference specifications for each feature, and the assembling of features into custom languages by guaranteeing their soundness. We specifically focus on mashup languages
Analysis of combined radial velocities and activity of BD+20 1790: :
                    evidence supporting the existence of a planetary companion

M. Hernan-Obispo, et al, 'Analysis of combined radial velocities and activity of BD+20 1790: evidence supporting the existence of a planetary companion', Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 576, A66, (16 pp), first published online 1 April 2015. The version of record is available online at DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201219095 ?? ESO 2015 Published by EDP SciencesThis paper presents the simultaneous Bayesian analysis of the radial velocity and activity indices for the K5Ve active star BD+20 1790, that was proposed to host a close-in massive planet by Hern\'an-Obispo et al. (2010). The Bayesian analysis supports the hypothesis of a planetary companion. We present a new orbital solution after removing the two main contributions to the stellar jitter, one that varies with the photometric period and another that varies with the synodic period of the star+planet system. We use a new method to determine these jitter components, considering them as a second and third signals in the system. A discussion on possible magnetic star-planet-interaction is included, based on the Bayesian analysis of the activity indices. We propose two possible sources for flare events of this star: one related to the geometry of the system and the relative movement of the star+planet, and a second one purely stochastic source that is related to the evolution of stellar active regions. Also, we observe for the first time the magnetic field of the star, from spectropolarimetric data
Topography of Place Maps along the CA3-to-CA2 Axis of the Hippocampus

SummaryWe asked whether the structural heterogeneity of the hippocampal CA3-CA2 axis is reflected in how space is mapped onto place cells in CA3-CA2. Place fields were smaller and sharper in proximal CA3 than in distal CA3 and CA2. The proximodistal shift was accompanied by a progressive loss in the ability of place cells to distinguish configurations of the same spatial environment, as well as a reduction in the extent to which place cells formed uncorrelated representations for different environments. The transition to similar representations was nonlinear, with the sharpest drop in distal CA3. These functional changes along the CA3-CA2 axis mirror gradients in gene expression and connectivity that partly override cytoarchitectonic boundaries between the subfields of the hippocampus. The results point to the CA3-CA2 axis as a functionally graded system with powerful pattern separation at the proximal end, near the dentate gyrus, and stronger pattern completion at the CA2 end
Toward a solution to the RAA and v2 puzzle for heavy quarks

AbstractThe heavy quarks constitute a unique probe of the quark–gluon plasma properties. A puzzling relation between the nuclear modification factor RAA(pT) and the elliptic flow v2(pT) has been observed both at RHIC and LHC energies. Predicting correctly both observables has been a challenge to all existing models, especially for D mesons. We discuss how the temperature dependence of the heavy quark drag coefficient is responsible for a large part of such a puzzle. In particular, we have considered four different models to evaluate the temperature dependence of drag and diffusion coefficients propagating through a quark gluon plasma (QGP). All the four different models are set to reproduce the same RAA(pT) observed in experiments at RHIC and LHC energy. We point out that for the same RAA(pT) one can generate 2–3 times more v2 depending on the temperature dependence of the heavy quark drag coefficient. A non-decreasing drag coefficient as T→Tc is a major ingredient for a simultaneous description of RAA(pT) and v2(pT)
Collaborative learning with multi-touch technology: Developing adaptive expertise

AbstractDeveloping fluency and flexibility in mathematics is a key goal of upper primary schooling, however, while fluency can be developed with practice, designing activities that support the development of flexibility is more difficult. Drawing on concepts of adaptive expertise, we developed a task for a multi-touch classroom, NumberNet, that aimed to support both fluency and flexibility. Results from a quasi-experimental study of 86 students (44 using NumberNet, 42 using a paper-based comparison activity) indicated that all students increased in fluency after completing these activities, while students who used NumberNet also increased in flexibility. Video analysis of the NumberNet groups indicate that the opportunity to collaborate, and learn from other groups' expressions, may have supported this increase in flexibility. The final phase of the task suggests future possibilities for engaging students in mathematical discourse to further support the development of mathematical adaptive expertise
Moving towards the goals of FP2020 — classifying contraceptives

AbstractWith the renewed focus on family planning, a clear and transparent understanding is needed for the consistent classification of contraceptives, especially in the commonly used modern/traditional system. The World Health Organization Department of Reproductive Health and Research and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) therefore convened a technical consultation in January 2015 to address issues related to classifying contraceptives.The consultation defined modern contraceptive methods as having a sound basis in reproductive biology, a precise protocol for correct use and evidence of efficacy under various conditions based on appropriately designed studies. Methods in country programs like Fertility Awareness Based Methods [such as Standard Days Method (SDM) and TwoDay Method], Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM) and emergency contraception should be reported as modern. Herbs, charms and vaginal douching are not counted as contraceptive methods as they have no scientific basis in preventing pregnancy nor are in country programs. More research is needed on defining and measuring use of emergency contraceptive methods, to reflect their contribution to reducing unmet need.The ideal contraceptive classification system should be simple, easy to use, clear and consistent, with greater parsimony. Measurement challenges remain but should not be the driving force to determine what methods are counted or reported as modern or not. Family planning programs should consider multiple attributes of contraceptive methods (e.g., level of effectiveness, need for program support, duration of labeled use, hormonal or nonhormonal) to ensure they provide a variety of methods to meet the needs of women and men