pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide association analysis of more than 120,000 individuals identifies 15 new susceptibility loci for breast cancer.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and large-scale replication studies have identified common variants in 79 loci associated with breast cancer, explaining ~14% of the familial risk of the disease. To identify new susceptibility loci, we performed a meta-analysis of 11 GWAS, comprising 15,748 breast cancer cases and 18,084 controls together with 46,785 cases and 42,892 controls from 41 studies genotyped on a 211,155-marker custom array (iCOGS). Analyses were restricted to women of European ancestry. We generated genotypes for more than 11 million SNPs by imputation using the 1000 Genomes Project reference panel, and we identified 15 new loci associated with breast cancer at P < 5 × 10−8. Combining association analysis with ChIP-seq chromatin binding data in mammary cell lines and ChIA-PET chromatin interaction data from ENCODE, we identified likely target genes in two regions: SETBP1 at 18q12.3 and RNF115 and PDZK1 at 1q21.1. One association appears to be driven by an amino acid substitution encoded in EXO1.BCAC is funded by Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10118, C1287/A12014) and by the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme under grant agreement 223175 (HEALTH-F2-2009-223175) (COGS). Meetings of the BCAC have been funded by the European Union COST programme (BM0606). Genotyping on the iCOGS array was funded by the European Union (HEALTH-F2-2009-223175), Cancer Research UK (C1287/A10710, C8197/A16565), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) for the CIHR Team in Familial Risks of Breast Cancer program and the Ministry of Economic Development, Innovation and Export Trade of Quebec, grant PSR-SIIRI-701. Combination of the GWAS data was supported in part by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) Cancer Post-Cancer GWAS initiative, grant 1 U19 CA148065-01 (DRIVE, part of the GAME-ON initiative). For a full description of funding and acknowledgments, see the Supplementary Note.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from NPG via http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng.324
An interactive exhibit to assist with understanding project delays

This work was published as Open Access by ASCE. It is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Time, a dynamic concept, can be difficult to understand in static form. As a consequence, the pro-active management and retrospective analysis of delays on construction projects can prove challenging using conventional methods. This can result in time overruns and the rejection of valid delay claims which could develop into dispute if they are not resolved. Disputes have a negative effect on the construction industry but their occurrence, value and duration is rising. This research aims to reduce the likelihood and severity of common delay disputes by providing a solution which aims to: 1) assist with the pro-active management of delays; and, 2) improve the presentation of delay claim information. A detailed background study was undertaken which identified technological opportunities and modes of presentation as potential ways of overcoming the challenges associated with managing and analysing delays. Two stages of assessment were then undertaken to determine the suitability and application of these findings. The first stage utilised a workshop with 50 construction adjudicators to determine the appropriateness of modes of presentation in assisting construction claims. The second stage developed the workshop findings with previous research and integrated modes of presentation with delay analysis. The output was an interactive exhibit, which was assessed through a simulation based on case study data. The interactive exhibit is intended to support, not replace, traditional methods of delay analysis but the solution encountered difficulties with technology as well as the challenge of creating a holistic tool for both pro-active management and retrospective analysis. It is perceived that the interactive exhibit would add most value to the resolution of construction delay claims but further investigation is required to validate the proposed concept before it is used in practice
A scale-space tracing algorithm for analysis of tumour blood vessel morphology from transmitted light optical images

Background\ud
Limited contrast in optical images is problematic for analysing tumour vascular morphology. We describe an algorithm for segmenting tumour vasculature in transmitted light optical images, without the need for contrast enhancement. Effects of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and -2 (Ang-2) ± treatment with the vascular disrupting agent combretastatin A4P (CA4P) were investigated. \ud
\ud
Method\ud
SW1222 human colorectal carcinoma cells were transfected with Ang-1 or Ang-2 cDNA, or with empty vector and implanted into ‘window’ chamber-bearing mice. Transmitted light images of tumours (x10 objective) were acquired before and up to 24h after treatment with 30 mg/kg CA4P or saline. Vessel tracing used a scale-space approach, employing differences in intensity of transmitted light between the vessels and surrounding tissues, as well as differences in the chromatic components, hue and saturation. The centreline of vessels was detected as a “ridge” in a topographical analogy and successive levels of filtering provided different scales to detect sharp to diffuse ridges. Morphological parameters were measured from the traced images - average vessel length (AL) width (AW), and relative vascular area (RA). \ud
\ud
Results\ud
The algorithm successfully identified the majority of tumour microvessels. CA4P-treated tumours showed a decrease in RA and increase in saturation balance up to 1-3h, with recovery by 24h. Saline had no effect. Ang-2 over-expressing tumours had lower values of AL, AW and RA than Ang-1 and wild-type (WT) tumours. Ang-1 tumours were similar to the WT except that AL was longer
A submillimeter search for pre- and proto-brown dwarfs in Chamaeleon II

Context. Chamaeleon II molecular cloud is an active star forming region that
offers an excellent opportunity for studying the formation of brown dwarfs in
the southern hemisphere. Aims. Our aims are to identify a population of pre-
and proto- brown dwarfs (5 sigma mass limit threshold of ~0.015 Msun) and
provide information on the formation mechanisms of substellar objects. Methods.
We performed high sensitivity observations at 870 microns using the LABOCA
bolometer at the APEX telescope towards an active star forming region in
Chamaeleon II. The data are complemented with an extensive multiwavelength
catalogue of sources from the optical to the far-infrared to study the nature
of the LABOCA detections. Results. We detect fifteen cores at 870 microns, and
eleven of them show masses in the substellar regime. The most intense objects
in the surveyed field correspond to the submillimeter counterparts of the well
known young stellar objects DK Cha and IRAS 12500-7658. We identify a possible
proto-brown dwarf candidate (ChaII-APEX-L) with IRAC emission at 3.6 and 4.5
microns. Conclusions. Our analysis indicates that most of the spatially
resolved cores are transient, and that the point-like starless cores in the
sub-stellar regime (with masses between 0.016 Msun and 0.066 Msun) could be
pre-brown dwarfs cores gravitationally unstable if they have radii smaller than
220 AU to 907 AU (1.2" to 5" at 178 pc) respectively for different masses. ALMA
observations will be the key to reveal the energetic state of these pre-brown
dwarfs candidates.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Search for resonances in the mass distribution of jet pairs with one or
  two jets identified as $b$-jets in proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$
  TeV with the ATLAS detector

Searches for high-mass resonances in the dijet invariant mass spectrum with
one or two jets identified as $b$-jets are performed using an integrated
luminosity of $3.2$ fb$^{-1}$ of proton--proton collisions with a
centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at
the Large Hadron Collider. No evidence of anomalous phenomena is observed in
the data, which are used to exclude, at 95% credibility level, excited $b^{*}$
quarks with masses from 1.1 TeV to 2.1 TeV and leptophobic $Z'$ bosons with
masses from 1.1 TeV to 1.5 TeV. Contributions of a Gaussian signal shape with
effective cross sections ranging from approximately 0.4 to 0.001 pb are also
excluded in the mass range 1.5-5.0 TeV.Comment: 15 pages plus author list + cover pages (32 pages total), 7 figures,
  0 tables, submitted to PLB, All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2015-22
An explanation of one loop induced $h\to \mu \tau$ decay

We discuss a possibility to explain the excess of $h\to\mu\tau$ at one-loop
level. We introduce three generation of vector-like lepton doublet $L'$ and two
singlet scalars $S_{1,2}$ which are odd under $Z_2$, while all the standard
model fields are even under this discrete symmetry. We show that $S_1$ can be a
good dark matter candidate. We show that we can explain the dark matter relic
abundance, large part of the discrepancy of muon $g-2$ between experiments and
the standard model predictions, as well as the $h\to\mu\tau$ excess of $\sim 1$
%, while evading constraints from experiments of dark matter direct detection
and charged lepton flavor violating processes. We also consider prospects of
production of $S_2$ at LHC with energy $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV.Comment: 19 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, version published in PL
A search for low-energy neutrino and antineutrino signals correlated
  with gamma-ray bursts with Borexino

A search for neutrino and antineutrino events correlated with 2,350 gamma-ray
bursts (GRBs) is performed with Borexino data collected between December 2007
and November 2015. No statistically significant excess over background is
observed. We look for electron antineutrinos ($\bar{\nu}_e$) that inverse beta
decay on protons with energies from 1.8\,MeV to 15\,MeV and set the best limit
on the neutrino fluence from GRBs below 8\,MeV. The signals from neutrinos and
antineutrinos from GRBs that scatter on electrons are also searched for, a
detection channel made possible by the particularly radio-pure scintillator of
Borexino. We obtain currently the best limits on the neutrino fluence of all
flavors and species below 7\,MeV. Finally, time correlations between GRBs and
bursts of events are investigated. Our analysis combines two semi-independent
data acquisition systems for the first time: the primary Borexino readout
optimized for solar neutrino physics up to a few MeV, and a fast waveform
digitizer system tuned for events above 1\,MeV.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
Social networks and occupational choice: The endogenous formation of attitudes and beliefs about tax compliance

Open Access funded by Economic and Social Research Council under a Creative Commons license(c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The paper analyses the emergence of group-specific attitudes and beliefs about tax compliance when individuals interact in a social network. It develops a model in which taxpayers possess a range of individual characteristics – including attitude to risk, potential for success in self-employment, and the weight attached to the social custom for honesty – and make an occupational choice based on these characteristics. Occupations differ in the possibility for evading tax. The social network determines which taxpayers are linked, and information about auditing and compliance is transmitted at meetings between linked taxpayers. Using agent-based simulations, the analysis demonstrates how attitudes and beliefs endogenously emerge that differ across sub-groups of the population. Compliance behaviour is different across occupational groups, and this is reinforced by the development of group-specific attitudes and beliefs. Taxpayers self-select into occupations according to the degree of risk aversion, the subjective probability of audit is sustained above the objective probability, and the weight attached to the social custom differs across occupations. These factors combine to lead to compliance levels that differ across occupations.Economic and Social Research Counci
Measurement of the WW plus WZ cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings using final states with one lepton, missing transverse momentum, and two jets with the ATLAS detector at root s=7 TeV

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author)The production of a W boson decaying to ev or mu v in association with a W or Z boson decaying to two jets is studied using 4.6 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at root s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The combined WW + WZ cross section is measured with a significance of 3.4 sigma and is found to be 68 +/- 7 (stat.) +/- 19 (syst.) pb, in agreement with the Standard Model expectation of 61.1 +/- 2.2 pb. The distribution of the transverse momentum of the dijet system is used to set limits on anomalous contributions to the triple gauge coupling vertices and on parameters of an effective-field-theory model
Hitting time distribution in financial markets

We analyze the hitting time distributions of stock price returns in different time windows, characterized by different levels of noise present in the market. The study has been performed on two sets of data from US markets. The first one is composed by daily price of 1071 stocks trade for the 12-year period 1987–1998, the second one is composed by high frequency data for 100 stocks for the 4-year period 1995–1998. We compare the probability distribution obtained by our empirical analysis with those obtained from different models for stock market evolution. Specifically by focusing on the statistical properties of the hitting times to reach a barrier or a given threshold, we compare the probability density function (PDF) of three models, namely the geometric Brownian motion, the GARCH model and the Heston model with that obtained from real market data. We will present also some results of a generalized Heston model
Enhanced tonic GABAA inhibition in typical absence epilepsy.

The cellular mechanisms underlying typical absence seizures, which characterize various idiopathic generalized epilepsies, are not fully understood, but impaired gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic inhibition remains an attractive hypothesis. In contrast, we show here that extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptor-dependent 'tonic' inhibition is increased in thalamocortical neurons from diverse genetic and pharmacological models of absence seizures. Increased tonic inhibition is due to compromised GABA uptake by the GABA transporter GAT-1 in the genetic models tested, and GAT-1 is crucial in governing seizure genesis. Extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors are a requirement for seizures in two of the best characterized models of absence epilepsy, and the selective activation of thalamic extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors is sufficient to elicit both electrographic and behavioral correlates of seizures in normal rats. These results identify an apparently common cellular pathology in typical absence seizures that may have epileptogenic importance and highlight potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of absence epilepsy
Psychological consequences of early global deprivation an overview of findings from the English & Romanian adoptees study

The English & Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study follows children who spent their first years of life in extremely depriving Romanian institutions before they were adopted by families in the UK. The ERA study constitutes a "natural experiment" that allows the examination of the effects of radical environmental change from a profoundly depriving institutional environment to an adoptive family home. The cohort has been assessed at ages 4, 6, 11, and 15 years, and has provided seminal insights into the effects Of early global deprivation. The current paper focuses On the long-term psychological sequelae associated with deprivation experiences. These deprivation-specific problems (DSPs) constitute a striking pattern of behavioral impairments, in its core characterized by deficits in social cognition and behavior, as well as quasi-autistic features, often accompanied by cognitive impairment and symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Possible moderating influences, including variations in family environment, pre-adoption characteristics, and genetic variation, will be discussed to answer the question why some individuals have prospered while others have struggled. Apart from findings on the moderating effect of variation in-genes associated with serotonergic and dopaminergic signaling involving specific phenotypes, heterogeneity in outcome is largely unexplained. The review Concludes with an outlook on currently Ongoing and future research of the ERA Study cohort, which involves the investigation of neurobiological and epigenetic Mechanisms as possible mediators of the long-term effects of institutional deprivation
Six-point gluon scattering amplitudes from \mathbbZ4 {\mathbb{Z}_4} -symmetric integrable model

We study six-point gluon scattering amplitudes in $$ \mathcal{N} = 4 $$ super Yang-Mills theory at strong coupling by investigating the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations of the underlying $$ {\mathbb{Z}_4} $$-symmetric integrable model both analytically and numerically. By the conformal field theory (CFT) perturbation, we compute the free energy part of the remainder function with generic chemical potential near the CFT/small mass limit. Combining this with the expansion of the Y-functions, we obtain the remainder function near the small mass limit up to a function of the chemical potential, which can be evaluated numerically. We also find the leading corrections to the remainder function near the large mass limit. We confirm that these results are in good agreement with numerical computations
Search for anomalous production of prompt same-sign lepton pairs and pair-produced doubly charged Higgs bosons with √s =8 TeV pp collisions using the ATLAS detector

Journal of High Energy Physics 2015.3 (2015): 041 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)A low-background inclusive search for new physics in events with same-sign dileptons is presented. The search uses proton-proton collisions corresponding to 20.3 fb−1 of integrated luminosity taken in 2012 at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Pairs of isolated leptons with the same electric charge and large transverse momenta of the type e±e±, e±μ±, and μ±μ± are selected and their invariant mass distribution is examined. No excess of events above the expected level of Standard Model background is found. The results are used to set upper limits on the cross-sections for processes beyond the Standard Model. Limits are placed as a function of the dilepton invariant mass within a fiducial region corresponding to the signal event selection criteria. Exclusion limits are also derived for a specific model of doubly charged Higgs boson productionWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff
from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated effciently.
We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia;
BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP,
Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and
NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan;
CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and
NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and
ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, 
Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK,
Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF,
United States of America.
The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in
particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF
(Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFNCNAF
(Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.A.) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwid
Search for heavy lepton partners of neutrinos in proton-proton collisions in the context of the type III seesaw mechanism

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA search is presented in proton–proton collisions at √ s = 7 TeV for fermionic triplet states expected in type III seesaw models. The search is performed using final states with three isolated charged leptons and an imbalance in transverse momentum. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb−1. No excess of events is observed above the background predicted by the standard model, and the results are interpreted in terms of limits on production cross sections and masses of the heavy partners of the neutrinos in type III seesaw models. Depending on the considered scenarios, lower limits are obtained on the mass of the heavy partner of the neutrino that range from 180 to 210 GeV. These are the first limits on the production of type III seesaw fermionic triplet states reported by an experiment at the LHCWe congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staffs at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from BMWF and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MEYS (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLPFAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); ThEP, IPST and NECTEC (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie- Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fun