pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Screening protein – Single stranded RNA complexes by NMR spectroscopy for structure determination

In the past few years, RNA molecules have been revealed to be at the center of numerous biological processes. Long considered as passive molecules transferring genetic information from DNA to proteins, it is now well established that RNA molecules play important regulatory roles. Associated with that, the number of identified RNA binding proteins (RBPs) has increased considerably and mutations in RNA molecules or RBP have been shown to cause various diseases, such as cancers. It is therefore crucial to understand at the molecular level how these proteins specifically recognise their RNA targets in order to design new generation drug therapies targeting protein–RNA complexes. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a particularly well-suited technique to study such protein–RNA complexes at the atomic level and can provide valuable information for new drug discovery programs. In this article, we describe the NMR strategy that we and other laboratories use for screening optimal conditions necessary for structural studies of protein-single stranded RNA complexes, using two proteins, Sam68 and T-STAR, as examples.This work was supported by a Medical Research Council Career Development Award to C.D. (G1000526) and by a College of Medicine, Biological Sciences and Psychology, University of Leicester, studentship to J.F.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Runs of homozygosity – association with coronary artery disease and gene expression in monocytes and macrophages

Runs of homozygosity (ROHs) are recognised signature of recessive inheritance. Contributions of\ud
ROHs to the genetic architecture of coronary artery disease and regulation of gene expression in cells\ud
relevant to atherosclerosis are not known.\ud
Our combined analysis of 24,320 individuals from 11 populations of white European ethnicity\ud
showed an association between coronary artery disease and both the count and the size of ROHs.\ud
Individuals with coronary artery disease had approximately 0.63 (95% CI: 0.4-0.8) excess of ROHs\ud
when compared to coronary artery disease-free controls (P=1.49x10-9\ud
). The average total length of\ud
ROHs was approximately 1046.92 (95% CI: 634.4-1459.5) kb greater in individuals with coronary\ud
artery disease than controls (P=6.61x10-7\ud
). None of the identified individual ROHs was associated\ud
with coronary artery disease after correction for multiple testing. However, in aggregate burden\ud
analysis, ROHs favouring increased risk of coronary artery disease were much more common than\ud
those showing the opposite direction of association with coronary artery disease (P=2.69x10-33).\ud
Individual ROHs showed significant associations with monocyte and macrophage expression of genes\ud
in their close proximity – subjects with several individual ROHs showed significant differences in the\ud
expression of 44 mRNAs in monocytes and 17 mRNAs in macrophages when compared to subjects\ud
without those ROHs.\ud
This study provides evidence for an excess of homozygosity in coronary artery disease in outbred\ud
populations and suggest the potential biological relevance of ROHs in cells of importance to the\ud
pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.This study was supported by the Alumni Association of University of Leicester PhD studentship and\ud
International Mentoring Travel Award by American Heart Association to PC. MT is supported by the\ud
British Heart Foundation. NJS holds a personal chair supported by the British Heart Foundation and is\ud
a UK NIHR senior investigator. CPN is funded by the British Heart Foundation. The Cardiogenics\ud
project was supported by the European Union 6th Framework Program (LSHM-CT-2006-037593).\ud
The UKBS collection of Common Controls has been funded by the Wellcome Trust grant\ud
084183/Z/07/Z and by NIHR programme grant to NHSBT (RP-PG-0310-1002). The collection was\ud
established as part of the WTCCC
Natural supersymmetry and dynamical flavour with meta-stable vacua.

We show how gauged flavour breaking and N = 1 supersymmetry breaking can be dynamically aligned to produce natural models. Supersymmetry is broken in a metastable vacuum, while a weakly gauged flavour symmetry is identified with an SU (3) F subgroup of the global symmetry of the SQCD model. We find that alignment can easily occur either through strongly coupled flavour models, with SQCD bound states playing the role of flavons, or entirely weakly coupled and renormalizable models with elementary SU (3) F adjoint flavons. In both cases it is essential that the SU (3) F breaking, and hence all the flavour structure, is driven dynamically by the SUSY breaking. The resulting flavour gauge mediation in conjunction with the usual gauge mediation contribution leads to naturally light third generations squarks, with first and second generations above exclusions
Five transiting hot Jupiters discovered using WASP-South, Euler, and TRAPPIST : WASP-119 b, WASP-124 b, WASP-126 b, WASP-129 b, and WASP-133 b

Funding for WASP comes from consortium universities and from the UK’s Science and Technology Facilities Council. TRAPPIST is funded by the Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (Fond National de la Recherche Scientifique, FNRS) under the grant FRFC 2.5.594.09.F, with the participation of the Swiss National Science Fundation (SNF). M. Gillon and E. Jehin are FNRS Research Associates.We have used photometry from the WASP-South instrument to identify 5 stars showing planet-like transits in their light curves. The planetary nature of the companions to these stars has been confirmed using photometry from the EulerCam instrument on the Swiss Euler 1.2-m telescope and the TRAPPIST telescope, and spectroscopy obtained with the CORALIE spectrograph. The planets discovered are hot Jupiter systems with orbital periods in the range 2.17 to 5.75 days, masses from 0.3 MJup to 1.2 MJup and with radii from 1 RJup to 1.5 RJup. These planets orbit bright stars (V = 11-13) with spectral types in the range F9 to G4. WASP-126 is the brightest planetary system in this sample and hosts a low-mass planet with a large radius (0.3 MJup,0.95 RJup), making it a good target for transmission spectroscopy. The high density of WASP-129 A suggests that it is a helium-rich star similar to HAT-P-11 A. WASP-133 A has an enhanced surface lithium abundance compared to other old G-type stars, particularly other planet host stars. These planetary systems are good targets for follow-up observations with ground-based and space-based facilities to study their atmospheric and dynamical properties.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Internal U, Th and Rb concentrations of alkali-feldspar grains : Implications for luminescence dating

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2016.05.002This study assesses whether internal U, Th and Rb concentrations of single grains of alkali-feldspar can impact upon luminescence dating. Internal alpha dose-rates determined for two sedimentary samples calculated from mean U and Th concentrations accounted for ?10% of the total dose-rates, while internal beta dose-rates from mean Rb concentrations accounted for ?2%. Depth profiles of measurements penetrating into each grain show that internal U and Th concentrations varied between grains, where some grains had effective internal alpha dose-rates up to 1.8 Gy/ka (32% of the total dose-rate). K concentrations inferred from Rb (KRb) for individual grains suggest that internal U and Th concentrations are related to the feldspar composition. Grains with KRb > 6% had low U and Th, and grains with KRb < 6% had higher U and Th concentrations. Internal alpha and beta dose-rates of the perthitic and Na-rich grains contaminating the density-separated K-feldspar separates had a significant impact upon the single-grain De distributions, which was estimated to be equivalent to overdispersion values of ?10?15%. The scatter in the De distributions arising from internal alpha and beta dose-rates for both samples could be reduced by selecting only the brightest 20% of grains for luminescence dating.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Mammographic Ellispe Modelling for Risk Estimation

It has been shown that breast density and parenchymal patterns are significant indicators in mammographic risk assessment. In addition, studies have shown that the sensitivity of computer aided tools decreases significantly with increase in breast density. As such, mammographic density estimation and classification plays an important role in CAD systems. In this paper, we present the classification of mammographic images according to breast parenchymal structures through a multi-scale ellipse blob detection technique. Our classification is based on classifying the mammographic images of the MIAS dataset into high/low risk mammograms based on features extracted from a blob detection technique which is based on breast tissue structure. In addition, it evaluates the relation between the BIRADS classes and low/high risk mammograms. Results demonstrate the probability of estimating breast density using computer vision techniques to improve classification of mammographic images as low/high riskpublishersversionPeer reviewe
The Resistive-Plate WELL with Argon mixtures - a robust gaseous
  radiation detector

A thin single-element THGEM-based, Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector was
operated with 150 GeV/c muon and pion beams in Ne/(5%CH$_4$), Ar/(5%CH$_4$) and
Ar/(7%CO$_2$); signals were recorded with 1 cm$^2$ square pads and SRS/APV25
electronics. Detection efficiency values greater than 98% were reached in all
the gas mixtures, at average pad multiplicity of 1.2. The use of the
10$^9${\Omega}cm resistive plate resulted in a completely discharge-free
operation also in intense pion beams. The efficiency remained essentially
constant at 98-99% up to fluxes of $\sim$10$^4$Hz/cm$^2$, dropping by a few %
when approaching 10$^5$ Hz/cm$^2$. These results pave the way towards
cost-effective, robust, efficient, large-scale detectors for a variety of
applications in future particle, astro-particle and applied fields. A potential
target application is digital hadron calorimetry.Comment: presented at the 2016 VIenna Conf. On instrumentation. Submitted to
  the Conference proceeding
Jet-like Correlations with Direct-Photon and Neutral-Pion Triggers at
  $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 200$ GeV

Azimuthal correlations of charged hadrons with direct-photon ($\gamma_{dir}$)
and neutral-pion ($\pi^{0}$) trigger particles are analyzed in central Au+Au
and minimum-bias $p+p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 200$ GeV in the STAR
experiment. The charged-hadron per-trigger yields at mid-rapidity from central
Au+Au collisions are compared with $p+p$ collisions to quantify the suppression
in Au+Au collisions. The suppression of the away-side associated-particle
yields per $\gamma_{dir}$ trigger is independent of the transverse momentum of
the trigger particle ($p_{T}^{\mathrm{trig}}$), whereas the suppression is
smaller at low transverse momentum of the associated charged hadrons
($p_{T}^{\mathrm{assoc}}$). Within uncertainty, similar levels of suppression
are observed for $\gamma_{dir}$ and $\pi^{0}$ triggers as a function of $z_{T}$
($\equiv p_T^{\mathrm{assoc}}/p_T^{\mathrm{trig}}$). The results are compared
with energy-loss-inspired theoretical model predictions. Our studies support
previous conclusions that the lost energy reappears predominantly at low
transverse momentum, regardless of the trigger energy.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figures, minor modification, accepted version for
  publication in Physics Letters
An extended Herschel drop-out source in the center of AS1063: a normal dusty galaxy at z=6.1 or SZ substructures?

In the course of our 870 μm APEX/LABOCA follow-up of the Herschel Lensing Survey we have detected a source in AS1063 (RXC J2248.7-4431) that has no counterparts in any of the Herschel PACS/SPIRE bands, it is a Herschel “drop-out” with S_870/S_500 ≥ 0.5. The 870 μm emission is extended and centered on the brightest cluster galaxy, suggesting either a multiply imaged background source or substructure in the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich increment due to inhomogeneities in the hot cluster gas of this merging cluster. We discuss both interpretations with emphasis on the putative lensed source. Based on the observed properties and on our lens model we find that this source may be the first submillimeter galaxy (SMG) with a moderate far-infrared (FIR) luminosity (L_FIR < 10^12  L_⊙) detected so far at z > 4. In deep HST observations we identified a multiply imaged z ~ 6 source and measured its spectroscopic redshift to be z = 6.107 with VLT/FORS. This source may be associated with the putative SMG, but it is most likely offset spatially by 10−30 kpc and they may be interacting galaxies. With a FIR luminosity in the range [5−15]  × 10^11  L_⊙ corresponding to a star formation rate in the range [80−260] M_⊙ yr^-1, this SMG would be more representative of the z > 4 dusty galaxies than the extreme starbursts detected so far. With a total magnification of ~25 it would open a unique window to the normal dusty galaxies at the end of the epoch of reionization
Factors influencing the adolescent pregnancy rate in the Greater Giyani Municipality, Limpopo Province, South Africa

A quantitative, descriptive and explorative survey was conducted to determine factors that influence adolescent pregnancy rate among teenage girls (n = 147) attending four high schools in the Greater Giyani Municipality in South Africa. Data was collected using a validated questionnaire which had a reliability of 0.65. Response frequency distributions, two-way frequency tables, Chi-square tests and Cochran–Armitage Trend Tests were used to determine the effect with the demographic characteristics of participants. Participants reported that health services were not conveniently available for them. Their relationship with nurses was poor (p < 0.05) as reported by 73% of participants with regard to maintenance of confidentiality. Participants reported key psychosocial variables such as inadequate sexual knowledge (61%), changing attitudes towards sex (58.9%) and peer pressure (56.3%) as contributory to high pregnancy rate. Recommendations were made to improve school health services, reproductive education in school curricula focussing on reproductive health, sexuality and guidance for future research.Health Studie
The effects of verbal information and approach-avoidance training on children's fear-related responses

Contains fulltext :
                  141552.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Background and objectives: This study examined the effects of verbal information and approach-avoidance training on fear-related cognitive and behavioural responses about novel animals.
Methods: One hundred and sixty children (7-11 years) were randomly allocated to receive: a) positive verbal information about one novel animal and threat information about a second novel animal (verbal information condition); b) approach-avoidance training in which they repeatedly pushed away (avoid) or pulled closer (approach) pictures of the animals (approach-avoidance training), c) a combined condition in which verbal information was given prior to approach-avoidance training (verbal information + approach-avoidance training) and d) a combined condition in which approach-avoidance training was given prior to verbal information (approach-avoidance training verbal information).
Results: Threat and positive information significantly increased and decreased fear beliefs and avoidance behaviour respectively. Approach-avoidance training was successful in training the desired behavioural responses but had limited effects on fear-related responses. Verbal information and both combined conditions resulted in significantly larger effects than approach-avoidance training. We found no evidence for an additive effect of these pathways.
Limitations: This study used a non-clinical sample and focused on novel animals rather than animals about which children already had experience or established fears. The study also compared positive information/approach with threat information/avoid training, limiting specific conclusions regarding the independent effects of these conditions.
Conclusions: The present study finds little evidence in support of a possible causal role for behavioural response training in the aetiology of childhood fear. However, the provision of verbal information appears to be an important pathway involved in the aetiology of childhood fear
Effectiveness of a drinking-motive-tailored emergency-room intervention among adolescents admitted to hospital due to acute alcohol intoxication: A randomized controlled trial

Contains fulltext :
                  157520.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)The aim of this study is to develop and test the effectiveness of a drinking-motive-tailored intervention for adolescents hospitalized due to alcohol intoxication in eight cities in Germany between December 2011 and May 2012 against a similar, non-motive-tailored intervention. In a randomized controlled trial, 254 adolescents received a psychosocial intervention plus motive-tailored (intervention group; IG) or general exercises (control group; CG). Adolescents in the IG received exercises in accordance with their drinking motives as indicated at baseline (e.g. alternative ways of spending leisure time or dealing with stress). Exercises for the CG contained alcohol-related information in general (e.g. legal issues). The data of 81 adolescents (age: M = 15.6, SD = 1.0; 42.0% female) who participated in both the baseline and the follow-up were compared using ANOVA with repeated measurements and effect sizes (available case analyses). Adolescents reported lower alcohol use at the four-week follow-up independently of the kind of intervention. Significant interaction effects between time and IG were found for girls in terms of drinking frequency (F = 7.770, p < 0.01) and binge drinking (F = 7.0005, p < 0.05) but not for boys. For the former, the proportional reductions and corresponding effect sizes of drinking frequency (d = - 1.18), binge drinking (d = - 1.61) and drunkenness (d = - 2.87) were much higher than the .8 threshold for large effects. Conducting psychosocial interventions in a motive-tailored way appears more effective for girls admitted to hospital due to alcohol intoxication than without motive-tailoring. Further research is required to address the specific needs of boys in such interventions. (German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS ID: DRKS00005588).7 p
Measurement of the w w cross section in root s=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous gauge couplings

This Letter reports a measurement of the W W production cross section in root s = 7 TeV pp collisions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb(-1) collected with the ATLAS detector. Using leptonic decays of oppositely charged W bosons, the total measured cross section is sigma (pp -> W W) = 54.4 +/- 4.0 (stat.) +/- 3.9 (syst.) +/- 2.0 (lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of sigma (pp -> W W)= 44.4 +/- 2.8 pb. Limits on anomalous electroweak triple-gauge couplings are extracted from a fit to the transverse-momentum distribution of the leading charged lepton in the event. (C) 2012 CERN. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Belief Scheduler based on model failure detection in the TBM framework. Application to human activity recognition.

International audienceA tool called Belief Scheduler is proposed for state sequence recognition in the Transferable Belief Model (TBM) framework. This tool makes noisy temporal belief functions smoother using a Temporal Evidential Filter (TEF). The Belief Scheduler makes belief on states smoother, separates the states (assumed to be true or false) and synchronizes them in order to infer the sequence. A criterion is also provided to assess the appropriateness between observed belief functions and a given sequence model. This criterion is based on the conflict information appearing explicitly in the TBM when combining observed belief functions with predictions. The Belief Scheduler is part of a generic architecture developed for on-line and automatic human action and activity recognition in videos of athletics taken with a moving camera. In experiments, the system is assessed on a database composed of 69 real athletics video sequences. The goal is to automatically recognize running, jumping, falling and standing-up actions as well as high jump, pole vault, triple jump and {long jump activities of an athlete. A comparison with Hidden Markov Models for video classification is also provided
On the CP violation associated with Majorana neutrinos and neutrinoless double-beta decay.

Assuming 3-ν mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos, we analyze the possibility of establishing the existence of CP violation associated with Majorana neutrinos in the lepton sector by (i) measuring of the effective Majorana mass |m| in neutrinoless double beta decay with a sufficient precision and (ii) by measuring of, or obtaining a stringent upper limit on, the lightest neutrino mass m1. Information on m1 can be obtained in the 3H β-decay experiment KATRIN and from astrophysical and cosmological observations. Proving that the indicated CP violation takes place requires, in particular, a relative experimental error on the measured value of |m| not bigger than 20%, a “theoretical uncertainty” in the value of |m| due to an imprecise knowledge of the corresponding nuclear matrix elements smaller than a factor of 2, a value of tan2θ0.55, and values of the relevant Majorana CP-violating phases typically within the intervals of – and –. In the case of, e.g., quasi-degenerate neutrino mass spectrum it requires also that the neutrino masses have values not smaller than 0.7 eV
Searching for B-c mesons in the ATLAS experiment at LHC

We discuss the feasibility of the observation of the signal from Bc mesons in the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. In particular, we address the decay mode Bc→J/ψπ followed by the leptonic decay J/ψ→μ+μ−, which should permit an accurate measurement of the Bc mass. We performed a Monte Carlo study of the signal and background concluding that a precision of ≈ 1 MeV for the Bc mass could be achieved after one year of running at $\lq\lq$low' luminosity. The semileptonic decay Bc→J/ψ μ+νμ is also considered for a possible extraction of ∣Vcb∣
Characterization of Mo doped TiO(2) and its enhanced photo catalytic activity under visible light

Transition metal doping into the TiO(2) lattice can expand the response of these metal oxide nano particles to the visible region. In view of this, Mo(6+) ion is doped into the TiO(2) lattice in order to understand the mechanism of its photo response. The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, SEM, EDX, FTIR and BET specific surface area techniques. The characterization results have confirmed the incorporation of metal ions into TiO(2) lattice. XRD analysis shows no change in crystal structure except a slight variation in crystallite size and elongation along the c-axis with increase in the concentration of the dopant. Diffuse reflectance measurements showed a shift in the band edge position to longer wavelengths and an extension of the absorption to the visible region. The photo degradation efficiencies of these catalysts were studied with Tebuconazole pesticide as model pollutant. Under UV light, undoped catalyst showed higher activity than doped catalyst. But in the case of visible light irradiation Mo doped TiO(2) with intermediate dopant concentration of 0.06 atom % had the highest photocatalytic reactivity. This may be due to the narrowing of band gap so that it could effectively absorb the light of longer wavelength. The degradation path way was followed by UV-Visible spectroscopy