pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Co-occurrence of child and intimate partner maltreatment in the family: characteristics of the violent perpetrators

This study considers the characteristics associated with mothers and fathers who maltreat their child and each other in comparison to parents who only maltreat their child. One hundred and sixty-two parents who had allegations of child maltreatment made against them were considered. The sample consisted of 43 fathers (Paternal Family—PF) and 23 mothers (Maternal Family—MF) who perpetrated both partner and child maltreatment, together with 23 fathers (Paternal Child—PC) and 26 mothers (Maternal Child—MC) who perpetrated child maltreatment only. In addition, 2 fathers (Paternal Victim—PV) and 23 mothers (Maternal Victim—MV) were victims of intimate partner maltreatment and perpetrators of child maltreatment and 7 fathers (Paternal Non-abusive Carer—PNC) and 15 mothers (Maternal Non-abusive Carer—MNC) did not maltreat the child but lived with an individual who did. Within their family unit, 40.7% of parents perpetrated both intimate partner and child maltreatment. However, fathers were significantly more likely to maltreat both their partner and child than mothers and mothers were significantly more likely to be victims of intimate partner violence than fathers. PF fathers conducted the highest amount of physical and/or sexual child maltreatment while MC and MV mothers perpetrated the highest amount of child neglect. Few significant differences between mothers were found. PF fathers had significantly more factors associated with development of a criminogenic lifestyle than PC fathers. Marked sex differences were demonstrated with PF fathers demonstrating significantly more antisocial characteristics, less mental health problems and fewer feelings of isolation than MF mothers. MC mothers had significantly more childhood abuse, mental health problems, parenting risk factors and were significantly more likely to be biologically related to the child than PC fathers. This study suggests that violent families should be assessed and treated in a holistic manner, considering the effects of partner violence upon all family members, rather than exclusively intervening with the violent man
Assessing the overuse of antibiotics in children with URTIs in Saudi Arabia : development of the parental perception on antibiotics scale (PAPA scale)

Background: \ud
Antibiotic overuse is influenced by several factors that can only be measured using a valid and reliable psychosocial measurement instrument. This study aims to establish translation and early stage validation of an instrument recently developed by this research team to measure factors influencing the overuse of antibiotics in children with upper respiratory tract infections in Saudi Arabia.\ud
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Method: \ud
The content evaluation panel was composed of area experts approached using the Delphi Technique. Experts were provided with the questionnaires iteratively, on a three-round basis until consensus on the relevance of items was reached independently. Translation was achieved by adapting Brislin’s model of translation.\ud
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Results: \ud
After going through the iterative process with the experts, consensus was reached to 58 items (including demographics). Experts also pointed out some issues related to ambiguity and redundancy in some items. A final Arabic version was produced from the translation process.\ud
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Conclusion: \ud
This study produced preliminary validation of the developed instrument from the experts’ contributions. Then, the instrument was translated from English to Arabic. The instrument will undergo further validation steps in the future, such as construct validity
Collision cross sections for structural proteomics.

Ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) allows the structural interrogation of biomolecules by reporting their collision cross sections (CCSs). The major bottleneck for exploiting IM-MS in structural proteomics lies in the lack of speed at which structures and models can be related to experimental data. Here we present IMPACT (Ion Mobility Projection Approximation Calculation Tool), which overcomes these twin challenges, providing accurate CCSs up to 106 times faster than alternative methods. This allows us to assess the CCS space presented by the entire structural proteome, interrogate ensembles of protein conformers, and monitor molecular dynamics trajectories. Our data demonstrate that the CCS is a highly informative parameter and that IM-MS is of considerable practical value to structural biologists
Search for resonances in the dilepton mass distribution in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A search for narrow resonances at high mass in the dimuon and dielectron channels has been performed by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, using pp collision data recorded at sqrt(s)=7 TeV. The event samples correspond to integrated luminosities of 40 inverse picobarns in the dimuon channel and 35 inverse picobarns in the dielectron channel. Heavy dilepton resonances are predicted in theoretical models with extra gauge bosons (Z') or as Kaluza-Klein graviton excitations(G_KK) in the Randall-Sundrum model. Upper limits on the inclusive cross section of Z'(G_KK) decaying to oppositely charged leptons relative to Z decaying to oppositely charged leptons are presented. These limits exclude at 95% confidence level a Z' with standard-model-like couplings below 1140 GeV, the superstring-inspired Z_psi below 887 GeV, and, for values of the coupling parameter k/M_Pl of 0.05 (0.1), Kaluza-Klein gravitons below 855 (1079) GeV
Private Investment, Portfolio Choice and Financialization of Real Sectors in Emerging Markets

Using micro level panel data, we analyze the impacts of rates of return gap between fixed and financial investments under uncertainty on real investment performance in three emerging markets, Argentina, Mexico and Turkey. Employing a portfolio choice model to explain the low fixed investment rates in developing countries during the 1990s, we suggest that rather than investing on risky and irreversible long term fixed investment projects, firms may choose to invest on reversible short term financial investments depending on respective rates of returns and uncertainty in the economy. The empirical results show that increasing rates of return gap and uncertainty have an economically and statistically significant fixed investment reducing effects in all three countries while the opposite is true with respect to financial investments.
Enterprise planning model using REA ontology

The aim of the paper is to describe using REA framework to model enterprise planning not only at the operational level but also at the policy level. Using policy level enlarges the possibility of the models on the base of the REA framework because the policy level in this way represents metalevel of the model. The policy level of the REA framework itself is comprised of both the typification and grouping semantic abstractions and the Commitment entity. This entity may be viewed as either a sublayer or a middle layer of the REA framework. The Commitment entity belongs to the fundamental entities of the policy level but has some specifications that are expressed by the fulfillment relationship. This many-to-many relationship forms the link to the operational level. The paper thinks over the problem and suggests some solution that gets the Commitment entity closer to the typification semantic abstraction.
Predicting bankruptcy using neural networks and other classification methods: the influence of variable selection techniques on model accuracy

We evaluate the prediction accuracy of models designed using different classification methods depending on the technique used to select variables, and we study the relationship between the structure of the models and their ability to correctly predict financial failure. We show that a neural network based model using a set of variables selected with a criterion that it is adapted to the network leads to better results than a set chosen with criteria used in the financial literature. We also show that the way in which a set of variables may represent the financial profiles of healthy companies plays a role in Type I error reduction.
Patent Validation at the Country Level - The Role of Fees and Translation costs

One feature of the European patent system that is heavily criticized nowadays is related to its complex fragmentation and the induced cost burden for applicants. Once a patent is granted by the EPO, the assignee must validate (and often translate) it and pay the renewal fees to keep it in force in each country in which the applicant seeks protection. The objective of this paper is to assess to what extent validation and renewal fees as well as translation costs affect the validation behavior of applicants. We rely on a gravity model that aims at explaining patent flows between inventor and target countries within the European patent system. The results show that the size of countries, their wealth and the distance between their capital cities are significant determinants of patent flows. Validation fees and renewal fees further affect the validation behavior of applicants. Translation costs seem to have an impact as well. The important role played by fees suggests that the implementation of cost-reducing policy interventions like the London Protocol would induce a significant increase in the number of patents validated in each European country.
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs: High-resolution
  optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of 324 survey stars

The CARMENES radial velocity (RV) survey is observing 324 M dwarfs to search
for any orbiting planets. In this paper, we present the survey sample by
publishing one CARMENES spectrum for each M dwarf. These spectra cover the
wavelength range 520--1710nm at a resolution of at least $R > 80,000$, and we
measure its RV, H$\alpha$ emission, and projected rotation velocity. We present
an atlas of high-resolution M-dwarf spectra and compare the spectra to
atmospheric models. To quantify the RV precision that can be achieved in
low-mass stars over the CARMENES wavelength range, we analyze our empirical
information on the RV precision from more than 6500 observations. We compare
our high-resolution M-dwarf spectra to atmospheric models where we determine
the spectroscopic RV information content, $Q$, and signal-to-noise ratio. We
find that for all M-type dwarfs, the highest RV precision can be reached in the
wavelength range 700--900nm. Observations at longer wavelengths are equally
precise only at the very latest spectral types (M8 and M9). We demonstrate that
in this spectroscopic range, the large amount of absorption features
compensates for the intrinsic faintness of an M7 star. To reach an RV precision
of 1ms$^{-1}$ in very low mass M dwarfs at longer wavelengths likely requires
the use of a 10m class telescope. For spectral types M6 and earlier, the
combination of a red visual and a near-infrared spectrograph is ideal to search
for low-mass planets and to distinguish between planets and stellar
variability. At a 4m class telescope, an instrument like CARMENES has the
potential to push the RV precision well below the typical jitter level of
3-4ms$^{-1}$.Comment: accepted for publication in A&A, 13 pages plus 40 pages spectral
  atlas, first 10 atlas pages are reduced in quality to fit arXiv size limit;
  one CARMENES spectrum for each of the 324 stars is published in electronic
  format at http://carmenes.cab.inta-csic.es
Mental health law and the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

People with a mental illness may be subject to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), depending on definitions of terms such as ‘impairment’, ‘long-term’ and the capaciousness of the word ‘includes’ in the Convention's characterisation of persons with disabilities. Particularly challenging under the CRPD is the scope, if any, for involuntary treatment.\ud
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Conventional mental health legislation, such as the Mental Health Act (England and Wales) appears to violate, for example, Article 4 (‘no discrimination of any kind on the basis of disability’), Article 12 (persons shall ‘enjoy legal capacity on an equal basis with others in all aspects of life’) and Article 14 (‘the existence of a disability shall in no case justify a deprivation of liberty’).\ud
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We argue that a form of mental health law, such as the Fusion Law proposal, is consistent with the principles of the CRPD. Such law is aimed at eliminating discrimination against persons with a mental illness. It covers all persons regardless of whether they have a ‘mental’ or a ‘physical’ illness, and only allows involuntary treatment when a person's decision-making capability (DMC) for a specific treatment decision is impaired — whatever the health setting or cause of the impairment — and where supported decision making has failed. In addition to impaired DMC, involuntary treatment would require an assessment that such treatment gives the person's values and perspective paramount importance
Derivatives disclosure in corporate annual reports: Bank analysts' perceptions of usefulness

Responding to mixed evidence on the decision-usefulness of annual report disclosures for derivative financial instruments to capital market participants, and concerns identified by practice, this paper examines usefulness in a direct study of user perceptions. Interviews with analysts from Australia's four major banks reveal essential usefulness, limited by the disclosures' failure to reflect companies' actual use of derivatives throughout the period, and inability of users to understand companies' off-balance sheet risk and risk management practices from information considered generic and boilerplate. The research complements and extends existing archival and survey research and provides new evidence suggesting low-cost ways for increasing usefulness. It supports the International Accounting Standards Board's disclosure recommendations in its recent Discussion Paper: A Review of the Conceptual Framework for Financial Reporting, but, at the same time, highlights that for these proposed measures to be successful in relation to IFRS 7, they may need to address other issues. The research increases knowledge of the informational requirements of lenders, an important class of financial information user, and supports calls from practice for companies to improve their disclosure of material economic risks.Full Tex
New Propellant Component, Part I. Study of 4,6-Dinitroamino-1,3,5-Triazine-2(1 H)-One (DNAM)

This paper reports a study of the synthesis and characterization of 4,6-dinitroamino-1,3,5-triazine-2(1 H)-one (DNAM) carried out under the perspective of looking for new ingredients in propellant formulations. Emphasis is given to the characterization of DNAM. The following attributes were identified: low sensitivity to impact and friction, thermal stability over a wide temperature range, energetic nature, high density, and interesting particle size distribution. In Part 2 a preliminary evaluation of DNAM capabilities in a propellant formulation will be presented.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-4087(200112)26:6<273::AID-PREP273>3.0.CO;2-
Pharmacology and therapeutics education in the European Union needs harmonization and modernization: a cross-sectional survey among 185 medical schools in 27 countries.

Effective teaching in pharmacology and clinical pharmacology and therapeutics(CPT)is necessary to make medical students competent prescribers. However,the current structure, delivery, and assessment of CPT education in the European Union(EU)is unknown. We sent an online questionnaire to teachers with overall responsibility for CPT education in EU medical schools. Questions focused on undergraduate teaching and assessment of CPT,and students’ preparedness for prescribing. In all,185 medicalschools(64%)from 27 EU countries responded. Traditional learning methods were mainly used. The majority of respondents did not provide students with the opportunity to practice real-life prescribing and believed that their students were not well prepared for prescribing. There is a marked difference in the quality and quantity of CPT education within and between EU countries, suggesting that there is considerable scope for improvement. A collaborative approach should be adopted to harmonize and modernize the undergraduate CPT education across the EU
Search for new physics in the monophoton final state in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search is conducted for new physics in a final state containing a photon and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. The data collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC correspond to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 inverse femtobarns. No deviations are observed relative to the predictions of the standard model. The results are interpreted as exclusion limits on the dark matter production cross sections and parameters in models containing extra spatial dimensions. Improved limits are set with respect to previous searches using the monophoton final state. In particular, the limits on the extra dimension model parameters are the most stringent to date in this channel
Observation of the suppressed decay $\Lambda \ _b \ ^0 \to p \pi^- \mu^+ \mu^-$

The suppressed decay $\Lambda \ _b \ ^0 \to p \pi^- \mu^+ \mu^-$, excluding the $J/ \psi$ and $\psi(2S) \to \mu^+ \mu^-$ resonances, is observed for the first time with a significance of 5.5 standard deviations. The analysis is performed with proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3 $fb^{−1}$ collected with the LHCb experiment. The $\Lambda \ _b \ ^0 \to p \pi^- \mu^+ \mu^-$ branching fraction is measured relative to the $\Lambda \ _b \ ^0 \to J/ \psi (\to  \mu^+ \mu^-)p \pi^-$ branching fraction giving\ud
$\frac{\mathcal{B}(\Lambda_b^0 \to p \pi^*- \mu^+ \mu^-)}{\mathcal{B}(\Lambda_b^0 \to J/ \psi (\to  \mu^+ \mu^-)p \pi^-)} = 0.044 \pm 0.012 \pm 0.007$,\ud
where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. This is the first observation of a $b \to d$ transition in a baryonic decay
Binarized-octree generation for Cartesian adaptive mesh refinement around immersed geometries

© 2018 Elsevier Inc. We revisit the generation of balanced octrees for adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) of Cartesian domains with immersed complex geometries. In a recent short note (Hasbestan and Senocak, 2017) [42], we showed that the data locality of the Z-order curve in a hashed linear-octree generation method may not be perfect because of potential collisions in the hash table. Building on that observation, we propose a binarized-octree generation method that complies with the Z-order curve exactly. Similar to a hashed linear-octree generation method, we use Morton encoding to index the nodes of an octree, but use a red-black tree in place of the hash table. Red-black tree is a special kind of a binary tree, which we use for insertion and deletion of elements during mesh adaptation. By strictly working with the bitwise representation of an octree, we remove computer hardware limitations on the depth of adaptation on a single processor. Additionally, we introduce a geometry encoding technique for rapidly tagging a solid geometry for mesh refinement. Our results for several geometries with different levels of adaptations show that the binarized-octree generation method outperforms the linear-octree generation method in terms of runtime performance at the expense of only a slight increase in memory usage. The current AMR capability, rebl-AMR, is available as open-source software
Mid-IR water and silicate relation in protoplanetary disks

The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme FP7-2011 under grant agreement No. 284405.Context. Mid-IR water lines from protoplanetary disks around T Tauri stars have a detection rate of 50%. Models have identified multiple physical properties of disks such as dust-to-gas mass ratio, dust size power law distribution, disk gas mass, disk inner radius, and disk scale height as potential explanations for the current detection rate. Aims. In this study, we aim to break degeneracies through constraints obtained from observations. We search for a connection between mid-IR water line fluxes and the strength of the 10 μm silicate feature. Methods. We analyze observed water line fluxes from three blends at 15.17, 17.22 and 29.85 μm published earlier and compute the 10 μm silicate feature strength from Spitzer spectra to search for possible trends. We use a series of published ProDiMo thermo-chemical models, to explore disk dust and gas properties, and also the effects of different central stars. In addition, we produced two standard models with different dust opacity functions, and one with a parametric prescription for the dust settling. Results. Our series of models that vary properties of the grain size distribution suggest that mid-IR water emission anticorrelates with the strength of the 10 μm silicate feature. The models also show that the increasing stellar bolometric luminosity simultaneously enhance the strength of this dust feature and the water lines fluxes. No correlation is found between the observed mid-IR water lines and the 10 μm silicate strength. Two-thirds of the targets in our sample show crystalline dust features, and the disks are mainly flaring. Our sample shows the same difference in the peak strength between amorphous and crystalline silicates that was noted in earlier studies, but our models do not support this intrinsic difference in silicate peak strength. Individual properties of our models are not able to reproduce the most extreme observations, suggesting that more complex dust properties (e.g., vertically changing) are required to reproduce the strongest 10 μm silicate features. A parametrized settling prescription is able to boost the peak strength by a factor of 2 for the standard model. Water line fluxes are unrelated to the composition of the dust. The pronounced regular trends seen in the model results are washed out in the data due to the larger diversity in stellar and disk properties compared to our series of model. Conclusions. The independent nature of the water line emission and the 10 μm silicate strength found in observations, and the modeling results, leave as a possible explanation that the disks with weaker mid-IR water line fluxes are depleted in gas or enhanced in dust in the inner 10 au. In the case of gas depleted disks, settling produces very strong 10 μm silicate features with strong peak strength. Observations of larger unbiased samples with JWST/MIRI and ALMA are essential to verify this hypothesis.PostprintPeer reviewe
Flow-dependent predictability of the North Atlantic Jet

The North Atlantic eddy-driven jet is a major component of the large-scale flow in the northern hemisphere. Here we present evidence from reanalysis and ensemble forecast data for systematic flow-dependent predictability of the jet during northern hemisphere winter (DJF). It is found that when the jet is weakened or split it is both less persistent and less predictable. The lack of predictability manifests itself as the onset of an anomalously large instantaneous rate of spread of ensemble forecast members as the jet becomes weakened. This suggests that as the jet weakens or splits it enters into a state more sensitive to small differences between ensemble forecast members, rather like the sensitive region between the wings of the Lorenz attractor