pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Soil CO2 emissions at Furnas volcano (São Miguel Island, Azores archipelago) - volcano monitoring perspectives, geomorphologic studies and land-use planning application

Carbon dioxide (CO2) diffuse degassing structures (DDS) at Furnas Volcano (São
Miguel Island, Azores) are mostly associated with the main fumarolic fields, evidence
that CO2 soil degassing is the surface expression of rising steam from the hydrothermal
system. Locations with anomalous CO2 flux are mainly controlled by tectonic structures
oriented WNW-ESE and NW-SE and by the geomorphology of the volcano, as
evidenced by several DDS located in depressed areas associated with crater margins.
Hydrothermal soil CO2 emissions in Furnas volcano are estimated to be ~ 968 t d-1.
Discrimination between biogenic and hydrothermal CO2 was determined using a
1
statistical approach and the carbon isotope composition of the CO2 efflux. Different
sampling densities were used to evaluate uncertainty in the estimation of the total CO2
flux, and showed that a low density of points may not be adequate to quantify soil
emanations from a relatively small DDS. Thermal energy release associated to diffuse
degassing at Furnas caldera is about 118 MW (from an area of ~ 4.8 km2) based on the
H2O/CO2 ratio in fumarolic gas. The DDS affect also Furnas and Ribeira Quente
villages, which are located inside the caldera and in the south flank of the volcano,
respectively. At these sites, 58% and 98% of the houses are built over hydrothermal
CO2 emanations, and the populations are at risk due to potential high concentrations of
CO2 accumulating inside the dwellings.
Keywords: Soil diffuse degassing; soil CO2 flux; emission rates; Azores archipelago
Bioimpedance vector analysis and conventional bioimpedance to assess body composition in elderly adults with dementia

Rationale\ud
\ud
Although dementia and nutritional status have been shown to be strongly associated, differences in body composition (BC) among elderly with dementia have not yet to be firmly established.\ud
\ud
Objective\ud
\ud
To assess the BC through conventional and vector bioimpedance analysis (BIA and BIVA, respectively) in a sample of institutionalized elderly men with and without dementia, in order to detect dementia-related BC changes.\ud
\ud
Methods\ud
\ud
Forty-one institutionalized men aged 65 years or older (23 without dementia- CG- and 18 with dementia-DG-) were measured with BIA and interpreted with BIVA and predictive equations.\ud
\ud
Results\ud
\ud
Age (74.4 and 75.7 y) and BMI (22.5 and 23.6 kg/m2) were similar for DG and CG, respectively. Resistance and resistance/height ratio did not differ significantly between groups Reactance and reactance/height ratio were 21.2 and 20.4% lower in DG than in CG. Phase angle was significantly lower in DG (mean: 4.0; 95% CI: 3.6-4.3 degrees) than in CG (mean: 4.7; 95% CI: 4.3-5.1 degrees). Mean fat mass index (6.0 and 7.0 kg/m2), and mean fat-free mass index (16.4 and 16.6 kg/m2) were similar in DG and CG. BIVA showed a significant downward migration of the ellipse in DG with respect to CG (T2=15.1, p<0.01).\ud
\ud
Conclusion\ud
\ud
Conventional BIA showed no significant differences in BC between DG and CG, even though reactance and reactance/height were about 21% lower in DG. Nevertheless, a body cell mass depletion and an increase in the extracellular/intracellular water-ratio were identified in DG using BIVA. BIVA reflects dementia-related changes in BC better than BIA.Peer ReviewedPreprin
An analysis of Chandra deep follow-up gamma-ray bursts: implications for off-axis jets

We present a sample of 27 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) with detailed Swift light curves supplemented by late-time Chandra observations. To answer the missing jet-break problem in general, we develop a numerical-simulation-based model that can be directly fit to the data using Monte Carlo methods. Our numerical model takes into account all the factors that can shape a jet break: (i) lateral expansion, (ii) edge effects, and (iii) off-axis effects. Our results provide improved fits to the light curves and constraints on physical parameters. More importantly, our results suggest that off-axis effects are important and must be included in interpretations of GRB jet breaks.This work was supported by SAO contract SV4-74018, NASA contract NAS5-00136, and by SAO grants AR3-14005X, GO1-12102X, and GO3-14067X. H.V.E., G.S.R., and A.M. acknowledge the support by NASA TM3-14005X and NNX13AO93G.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Contesting climate justice in the city : examining politics and practice in urban climate change experiments.

Debates about climate justice have mainly occurred at the international scale, and have focussed on the rights and responsibilities of nation-states to either be protected from the effects of climate change, or to take action to reduce emissions or support adaptation. In this paper, we argue that it is both productive and necessary to examine how climate justice is being pursued at the urban scale, which brings into focus the need for attention to issues of recognition as well as rights and responsibilities. Building on work from environmental justice, which has conceptualized justice as trivalent, we propose that climate justice can be understood as a pyramid, the faces of which are distributions, procedures, rights, responsibilities and recognition. We then apply this conceptual framework to examine climate change interventions in five cities; Bangalore, Monterrey, Hong Kong, Philadelphia and Berlin. Arguing that the politics and practices of urban climate change interventions are constantly engaging with and refracting the idea of justice, we examine how justice was articulated, practiced and contested across our cases. The perspective of recognition emerges as a particularly useful entry point through which to explore the types of rights, responsibilities, distributions and procedures required to respond justly to climate change. We conclude by reflecting on our framework, arguing that it is useful both as an analytical device to interrogate climate justice and to shape the design of climate change interventions which seek to ensure climate justice
New constraints on gauge mediation and beyond from LHC SUSY searches at 7 TeV.\ud

The first results from the LHC on jets plus missing energy provide powerful new data to test SUSY models. Initial theoretical interpretations of these data have concentrated on gravity mediation, usually the CMSSM and its variations. In this paper we confront a large class of gauge mediation models with these new data. More precisely we consider models of pure general gauge mediation (pure GGM) and confront them with the recent experimental results of the ATLAS collaboration. We use Herwig++ and RIVET, incorporating the full set of experimental cuts, to calculate the signal rates and compare them to the data. Although based on only 35pb−1 of integrated luminosity, we show that these new data probe and exclude a portion of previously allowed parameter space of GGM. In addition we investigate the viability of standard SUSY benchmark points, including the Snowmass, CMS and ATLAS sets which encompass other mediation scenarios such as gravity, anomaly and gaugino mediation
An aminostratigraphy for the British Quaternary based on Bithynia opercula.\ud

Aminostratigraphies of Quaternary non-marine deposits in Europe have been previously based on the racemization of a single amino acid in aragonitic shells from land and freshwater molluscs. The value of analysing multiple amino acids from the opercula of the freshwater gastropod Bithynia, which are composed of calcite, has been demonstrated. The protocol used for the isolation of intra-crystalline proteins from shells has been applied to these calcitic opercula, which have been shown to more closely approximate a closed system for indigenous protein residues. Original amino acids are even preserved in bithyniid opercula from the Eocene, showing persistence of indigenous organics for over 30 million years. Geochronological data from opercula are superior to those from shells in two respects: first, in showing less natural variability, and second, in the far better preservation of the intra-crystalline proteins, possibly resulting from the greater stability of calcite. These features allow greater temporal resolution and an extension of the dating range beyond the early Middle Pleistocene. Here we provide full details of the analyses for 480 samples from 100 horizons (75 sites), ranging from Late Pliocene to modern. These show that the dating technique is applicable to the entire Quaternary. Data are provided from all the stratotypes from British stages to have yielded opercula, which are shown to be clearly separable using this revised method. Further checks on the data are provided by reference to other type-sites for different stages (including some not formally defined). Additional tests are provided by sites with independent geochronology, or which can be associated with a terrace stratigraphy or biostratigraphy. This new aminostratigraphy for the non-marine Quaternary deposits of southern Britain provides a framework for understanding the regional geological and archaeological record. Comparison with reference to sites yielding independent geochronology, in combination with other lines of evidence, allows tentative correlation with the marine oxygen isotope record
Remediation of a historically Pb contaminated soil using a model natural Mn oxide waste.

A natural Mn oxide (NMO) waste was assessed as an in situ remediation amendment for Pb contaminated sites. The viability of this was investigated using a 10 month lysimeter trial, wherein a historically Pb contaminated soil was amended with a 10% by weight model NMO. The model NMO was found to have a large Pb adsorption capacity (qmax 346 ± 14 mg g−1). However, due to the heterogeneous nature of the Pb contamination in the soils (3650.54–9299.79 mg kg−1), no treatment related difference in Pb via geochemistry could be detected. To overcome difficulties in traditional geochemical techniques due to pollutant heterogeneity we present a new method for unequivocally proving metal sorption to in situ remediation amendments. The method combines two spectroscopic techniques; namely electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Using this we showed Pb immobilisation on NMO, which were Pb free prior to their addition to the soils. Amendment of the soil with exogenous Mn oxide had no effect on microbial functioning, nor did it perturb the composition of the dominant phyla. We conclude that NMOs show excellent potential as remediation amendments
The novel µ-opioid receptor antagonist GSK1521498 decreases both alcohol seeking and drinking: evidence from a new preclinical model of alcohol seeking

Distinct environmental and conditioned stimuli influencing ethanol-associated appetitive and consummatory behaviors may jointly contribute to alcohol addiction. To develop an effective translational animal model that illuminates this interaction, daily seeking responses, maintained by alcohol-associated conditioned stimuli (CSs), need to be dissociated from alcohol drinking behavior. For this, we established a procedure whereby alcohol seeking maintained by alcohol-associated CS is followed by a period during which rats have the opportunity to drink alcohol. This cue-controlled alcohol seeking procedure was used to compare the effects of naltrexone and GSK1521498, a novel selective µ-opioid receptor antagonist, on both voluntary alcohol-intake and alcohol-seeking behaviors. Re-derived alcohol-preferring, alcohol-nonpreferring and high alcohol-drinking replicate 1 lines of rats (Indiana University, USA) first received 18 sessions of 24-h home-cage access to 10% alcohol and water under a 2-bottle choice procedure. They were trained subsequently to respond instrumentally for access to 15% alcohol under a second-order schedule of reinforcement, in which a prolonged period of alcohol-seeking behavior was maintained by contingent presentations of an alcohol-associated CS acting as a conditioned reinforcer. This seeking period was terminated by 20 min of free alcohol drinking access that achieved significant blood alcohol concentrations. The influence of pre-treatment with either naltrexone (0.1-1-3 mg/kg) or GSK1521498 (0.1-1-3 mg/kg) prior to instrumental sessions was measured on both seeking and drinking behaviors, as well as on drinking in the 2-bottle choice procedure. Naltrexone and GSK1521498 dose-dependently reduced both cue-controlled alcohol-seeking and alcohol-intake in the instrumental context as well as alcohol intake in the choice procedure. However, GSK1521498 showed significantly greater effectiveness than naltrexone, supporting its potential use for promoting abstinence and preventing relapse in alcohol addiction.The present study was funded by Medical Research Council Programme Grant (no. G1002231) and by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), which has a commercial interest in GSK1521498. Charles R. Goodlett was funded by a grant from the IUPUI International Development Fund, which supported his sabbatical leave at the University of Cambridge. Maria Pilar Garcia-Pardo was funded by Val+id para investigadores en formación (Conselleria de educacion, Generalitat Valenciana), which also supported her stay at the University of Cambridge (January-April 2014) as a Visiting Student.This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available from NPG at http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2015.15
New development: managing and accounting for sustainable development across generations in public services - and call for papers

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Public Money and Management on 17 Mar 2015, available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540962.2015.1027502Social and environmental justice across generations is a fundamental attribute of sustainable development. In this article, which is also a call for papers for a future theme in Public Money & Management (PMM), we develop our case for further research on how governments and public service organizations seek to address sustainable development in their decision-making processes. We believe that accounting for social and environmental aspects is an underdeveloped area of research and practice that is worthy of further critical enquiry. We therefore call on researchers and practitioners to submit their research to a themed issue of PMM on managing and accounting for sustainable development in public services
Squeezed between shells? On the origin of the Lupus I molecular cloud.
  APEX/LABOCA, Herschel, and Planck observations

The Lupus I cloud is found between the Upper-Scorpius (USco) and the
Upper-Centaurus-Lupus (UCL) sub-groups of the Sco-Cen OB-association, where the
expanding USco H I shell appears to interact with a bubble currently driven by
the winds of the remaining B-stars of UCL.We want to study how collisions of
large-scale interstellar gas flows form and influence new dense clouds in the
ISM.We performed LABOCA continuum sub-mm observations of Lupus I that provide
for the first time a direct view of the densest, coldest cloud clumps and cores
at high angular resolution.We complemented those by Herschel and Planck data
from which we constructed column density and temperature maps.We calculated
PDFs to characterize the density structure of the cloud.The northern part of
Lupus I is found to have on average lower densities and higher temperatures as
well as no active star formation.The center-south part harbors dozens of
pre-stellar cores where density and temperature reach their maximum and
minimum, respectively.Our analysis of the column density PDFs from the Herschel
data show double peak profiles for all parts of the cloud which we attribute to
an external compression.In those parts with active star formation, the PDF
shows a power-law tail at high densities.The PDFs we calculated from our LABOCA
data trace the denser parts of the cloud showing one peak and a power-law
tail.With LABOCA we find 15 cores with masses between 0.07 and 1.71 Msun and a
total mass of ~8 Msun.The total gas and dust mass of the cloud is ~164 Msun and
hence 5% of the mass is in cores.From the Herschel and Planck data we find a
total mass of ~174 Msun and ~171 Msun, respectively.The position, orientation
and elongated shape of Lupus I, the double peak PDFs and the population of
pre-stellar and protostellar cores could be explained by the large-scale
compression from the advancing USco H I shell and the UCL wind bubble.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 14 pages, 8 figure
Universal Racah matrices and adjoint knot polynomials. I. Arborescent
  knots

By now it is well established that the quantum dimensions of descendants of
the adjoint representation can be described in a universal form, independent of
a particular family of simple Lie algebras. The Rosso-Jones formula then
implies a universal description of the adjoint knot polynomials for torus
knots, which in particular unifies the HOMFLY (SU_N) and Kauffman (SO_N)
polynomials. For E_8 the adjoint representation is also fundamental. We suggest
to extend the universality from the dimensions to the Racah matrices and this
immediately produces a unified description of the adjoint knot polynomials for
all arborescent (double-fat) knots, including twist, 2-bridge and pretzel.
Technically we develop together the universality and the "eigenvalue
conjecture", which expresses the Racah and mixing matrices through the
eigenvalues of the quantum R-matrix, and for dealing with the adjoint
polynomials one has to extend it to the previously unknown 6x6 case. The
adjoint polynomials do not distinguish between mutants and therefore are not
very efficient in knot theory, however, universal polynomials in higher
representations can probably be better in this respect.Comment: 13 page
First results on applying a non-linear effect formalism to alliances
  between political parties and buy and sell dynamics

We discuss a non linear extension of a model of alliances in politics,
recently proposed by one of us. The model is constructed in terms of operators,
describing the \emph{interest} of three parties to form, or not, some political
alliance with the other parties. The time evolution of what we call \emph{the
decision functions} is deduced by introducing a suitable hamiltonian, which
describes the main effects of the interactions of the parties amongst
themselves and with their \emph{environments}, {which are }generated by their
electors and by people who still have no clear {idea }for which party to vote
(or even if to vote). The hamiltonian contains some non-linear effects, which
takes into account the role of a party in the decision process of the other two
parties. Moreover, we show how the same hamiltonian can also be used to
construct a formal structure which can describe the dynamics of buying and
selling financial assets (without however implying a specific price setting
mechanism).Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.0173
On the ultimate precision of meson mixing observables

Meson mixing is considered to be an ideal candidate for new physics searches.
Current experimental precision has greatly increased over the recent years,
excelling in several cases the theoretical precision. A possible limit in the
theoretical accuracy could be a hypothetical breakdown of quark-hadron duality.
We propose a simple model for duality violations and give stringent bounds on
such effects for mixing observables, indicating regions, where future
measurements of $\Delta \Gamma_d$, $a_{sl}^d$ and $a_{sl}^s$ would be clear
signals of new physics. Finally, we turn our attention to the charm sector, and
reveal that already a modest duality violation of about $20 \%$ could explain
the huge difference between HQE predictions for D-mixing and experimental data.Comment: 37 pages, 9 figures. v2 (very belated) update to journal version
  (plus extended appendices
Asymptotic and interlacing properties of zeros of exceptional Jacobi and Laguerre polynomials

In this paper we state and prove some properties of the zeros of exceptional Jacobi and Laguerre polynomials. Generically, the zeros of exceptional polynomials fall into two classes: the regular zeros, which lie in the interval of orthogonality and the exceptional zeros, which lie outside that interval. We show that the regular zeros have two interlacing properties: one is the natural interlacing between zeros of consecutive polynomials as a consequence of their Sturm-Liouville character, while the other one shows interlacing between the zeros of exceptional and classical polynomials. A Heine-Mehler type formula is provided for the exceptional polynomials, which allows to derive the asymptotic behaviour of their regular zeros for large degree n and fixed codimension m. We also describe the location and the asymptotic behaviour of the m exceptional zeros, which converge for large n to fixed values.The research of the first author (DGU) has been supported by Dirección
General de Investigación, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain, under grant MTM2009-
06973. The work of the second author (FM) has been supported by Direccioón General de Investigaci
ón, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain, grant MTM2009-12740-C03-01. The research
of the third author (RM) was supported in part by NSERC grant RGPIN-228057-2009
Virtual coupling potential for elastic scattering of $^{10,11}$Be on proton and carbon targets

International audienceThe 10;11Be(p,p) and (12C, 12C) reactions were analyzed to determine the in uence of the weak binding energies of exotic nuclei on their interaction potential. The elastic cross sections were measured at GANIL in inverse kinematics using radioactive 10;11Be beams produced at energies of 39:1 A and 38:4A MeV. The elastic proton scattering data were analyzed within the framework of the microscopic Jeukenne-Lejeune-Mahaux (JLM) nucleon-nucleus potential. The angular distributions are found to be best reproduced by reducing the real part of the microscopic optical potential, as a consequence of the coupling to the continuum. These effects modify deeply the elastic potential. Including the Virtual Coupling Potential (VCP), we show the ability of the general optical potentials to reproduce the data for scattering of unstable nuclei, using realistic densities. Finally, the concepts needed to develop a more general and microscopic approach of the VCP are discussed