pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous microcavity-polariton coherence across the parametric threshold: Quantum Monte Carlo studies

We investigate the appearance of spontaneous coherence in the parametric emission from planar semiconductor microcavities in the strong coupling regime. Calculations are performed by means of a Quantum Monte Carlo technique based on the Wigner representation of the coupled exciton and cavity-photon fields. The numerical results are interpreted in terms of a non-equilibrium phase transition occurring at the parametric oscillation threshold: below the threshold, the signal emission is incoherent, and both the first and the second-order coherence functions have a finite correlation length which becomes macroscopic as the threshold is approached. Above the threshold, the emission is instead phase-coherent over the whole two-dimensional sample and intensity fluctuations are suppressed. Similar calculations for quasi-one-dimensional microcavities show that in this case the phase-coherence of the signal emission has a finite extension even above the threshold, while intensity fluctuations are suppressed
Correction of machining operations with the Total Inertial Steering

International audienceThe Total Inertial Steering approach proposed in this paper can perform an optimum correction of the geometric deviations of the manufactured part with respect to its digital model, from the measured points on its surfaces. In the case of production by machine tool numerical control, there exist a link between the tool offsets and deviations of measured points. An incidence matrix which represents this link is obtained. In most cases, this matrix is not square and therefore not invertible, because there are more measured points as correctors to adjust. The Gauss pseudo-inverse is used to calculate the values of corrections to be made to compensate for measured deviations. Tolerances associated with the surfaces must also be taken into account in the incidence matrix. However, when the same cutting tool machine two surfaces with different point values, the resulting solution favors the one with the highest number of points, at the expense of the other surface which can remain not conform towards its tolerance. This paper proposes a strategy to rebalance the correction surfaces, and this regardless of the number of points and tolerance of each surfaces. A relatively simple tutorial example is given in the paper to enable tracking calculations
Looking for the Middle Way: Voice and Transitivity in Complex Predicates in Iranian

International audienceThis article explores the emergence of complex  predicates in Persian with a focus on voice and transitivity. It argues that the rise of CPs is linked to the development of the verb pair “do” and “become”, which encode the  features called Instigation  [+INST] and affectedness  [+AFF], respectively, by  Næss 2007. While these features are characteristic for prototypical agents and patients, respectively, taken alone they are more general than that, making the two verbs “underspecified”, a typical characteristic of light verbs as noted by Megerdoomian 2012 and others. The distribution of the verbs “do” and “become” is parallel to the domains of the Old Iranian active and middle (mediopassive) voice; it thus mirrors the voice opposition whose morphological marking is lost within Middle Iranian. With “do” and “become” as its centre, the system integrates additional verbs such as “hold” and “give; put” on the [+INST] side and verbs of movement on the [+AFF] one. The same verbs are also used as auxiliaries for periphrastic formations such as the potential construction, the transitive preterite and the analytic passive, suggesting that grammaticalisation of auxiliaries and the development of light verbs are parallel processes the precise similarities and differences of which  remain to be investigated. Here as elsewhere, the somewhat fragmentary evidence of early stages of Iranian is supplemented by data from languages that  have found themselves under Iranian influence, providing details which are crucial to complete the picture
Exploring the polycentric city with multi-worker households: an agent-based microeconomic model

International audienceWe propose an agent-based dynamics which leads an urban system to the standard equilibrium of the Alonso, Muth, Mills (AMM) framework. Starting for instance from a random initialization, agents move and bid for land, performing a kind of local search and finally leading the system to equilibrium rent, density and land use. Agreement with continuous analytical results is only limited by the discreteness of simulations.We then study polycentrism in cities with this tool. Two job centers are introduced, and the economic, social and environmental outcomes of various polycentric spatial structures are presented. We also introduce two-worker households whose partners may work in different job centers. When various two-worker households are mixed, polycentrism is desirable, as long as centers are not moved too far apart from each other. The environmental outcome is also positive, but housing surfaces increase
From mirror neurons to joint actions

The discovery of mirror neurons has given rise to a number of interpretations of their functions together with speculations on their potential role in the evolution of specifically human capacities. Thus, mirror neurons have been thought to ground many aspects of human social cognition, including the capacity to engage in cooperative collective actions and to understand them. We propose an evaluation of this latter claim. On the one hand, we will argue that mirror neurons do not by themselves provide a sufficient basis for the forms of agentive understanding and shared intentionality involved in cooperative collective actions. On the other hand, we will also argue that mirror neurons can nevertheless play an important role in an account of the production and understanding of joint action, insofar as they provide the basic constituents of implicit agent-neutral representations and are useful elements in a process of online mutual adjustment of participants' actions
Interaction between deformation and sedimentation in a multidecollement thrust zone: Analogue modelling and application to the Sub-Andean thrust belt of Bolivia

International audienceFold and thrust belts are influenced by the presence of decollement levels, as well as the amount of shortening and synkinematic sedimentation. These parameters are studied at the scale of a thrust belt using a field approach, combined with analogue and numerical modelling. In this study, we use analogue modelling to test the evolution of a single structure during sedimentation in a domain containing three prekinematic decollement levels. The development of this structure in the analogue experiments shows that the expression of the deformation is strongly dependent on sedimentation rate: (i) the structure propagates forward in an overall asymmetric shape if the sedimentation rate is slower than the uplift velocity, or (ii) the structure grows vertically and its vergence changes at the surface if the sedimentation rate is similar to the uplift velocity, or (iii) the structure grows vertically with a double vergence at the surface and at depth if the sedimentation rate is higher than the uplift velocity. The results of the experiments are compared with structures in the Subandean thrust belt to aid the interpretation of poor seismic data
Raman spectroscopy: a novel experimental approach to evaluating renal tumours.

International audienceBACKGROUND: New optical techniques of spectroscopy have shown promising results in the evaluation of solid tumours. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the potential of Raman spectroscopy (RS) to assess renal tumours at surgery. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Over a 5-mo period, Raman optical spectra were prospectively acquired on surgical renal specimens removed due to suspicion of cancer. MEASUREMENTS: Raman measures were normalised to ensure comparison between spectra. A lower resolution signal was computed using a wavelet decomposition procedure to diminish the size of the signal and exploit the complete spectrum. A support vector machine (SVM) with a linear kernel and a sequential minimal optimisation solver was applied. A leave-one-out cross-validation technique was used to train and test the SVM. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: There were 36 patients with 34 malignant tumours (27 clear-cell, 6 papillary, and 1 chromophobe) and 2 benign (1 oncocytoma and 1 metanephric cyst) tumours. A total of 241 analysable Raman spectra were obtained. The SVM was able to classify tumoural and normal tissue with an accuracy of 84% (sensitivity 82%, specificity 87%). High-grade and low-grade tumours were differentiated with a precision of 82% (sensitivity 84%, specificity 80%). Histologic subtype could be categorised with an accuracy of 93% (sensitivity 96%, specificity 87%). SVM could not be applied to classify benign and malignant tumours because of the restricted number of benign spectra. CONCLUSIONS: RS can accurately differentiate normal and tumoural renal tissue, low-grade and high-grade renal tumours, and histologic subtype of renal cell carcinoma. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these preliminary data
Study on the effectiveness of lightning rod tips in capturing\ud
lightning leaders

This paper addresses the performance of various\ud
lightning rod tips: pointed, concave, blunt, ﬂat and conical\ud
for lightning air terminal (LAT). To observe the behaviour\ud
of the various lightning rod tips, laboratory examination was conducted under two conditions, i.e. corona emission pattern under quasi-static electric ﬁeld and lightning impulse testing—with and without pre-ionization. The data obtained from the corona emissions were correlated to the surface sharpness area of the tip. Using dimensional analysis, it can be concluded there is strong evidence that increased surface sharpness can lead to an increase in the corona discharge current. In addition, an impulse test was conducted to determine the performance of the LATs with different tip types and sizes. Using the individual and competitive test, it was found that the blunt LAT is the most recommended recepto
On Unique Decomposition of Processes in the Applied π-Calculus

International audienceUnique decomposition has been a subject of interest in process algebra for a long time (for example in BPP or CCS), as it provides a normal form with useful cancellation properties. We provide two parallel decomposition results for subsets of the Applied π-Calculus: we show that any closed normed (i.e. with a finite shortest complete trace) process P can be decomposed uniquely into prime factors Pi with respect to strong labeled bisimilarity, i.e. such that P ∼ l P1|. .. |Pn. We also prove that closed finite processes can be decomposed uniquely with respect to weak labeled bisimilarity
Preface to the selected papers on spatially explicit landscape modelling: current practices and challenges

International audienceIn the past 30 years, the notion of landscape has emerged in ecology as a result of both theoretical strategies and practical aspects of land use. This has generated a variety of computerized models addressing both objectives and techniques. Scientists model landscapes for at least two reasons: to better understand the landscape dynamics themselves (called intrinsic needs) and to offer a realistic frame to support other ecological processes (extrinsic needs). This special issue concerns both needs and illustrates the way socioeconomic and/or ecological mechanisms of various landscapes have been understood through modelling approaches. It outlines the links between landscape and model concepts, focusing on one hand on several landscape types (agricultural, forested and aquatic) and on the other hand on several landscape model characteristics (explicit or neutral, dynamic or static, patchy or continuous and multi- or mono-scale). The patterns and processes of each landscape model presented in this issue, in particular, should be analysed in order to highlight the way they are contributing to the landscape ecology discipline. We finally argue that the discipline can now offer a theoretical dimension to landscape dynamics, aiming at understanding the possible mechanism unity underlying this complex object
Impact of building material recycle or reuse on selected emergy ratios

cited By (since 1996)1International audienceWhile the emergy evaluation method has been used successfully in recycling processes, this area of application still requires further development. One of such is developing emergy ratios or indices that reflect changes depending on the number of times a material is recycled. Some of these materials may either have been recycled or reused continuously as inputs to a building, for example, and thus could have various impacts on the emergy evaluation of the building. The paper focuses on reuse building materials in the context of environmental protection and sustainable development. It presents the results of an emergy evaluation of a low-energy building (LEB) in which a percentage of input materials are from recycled sources. The corresponding impacts on the emergy yield ratio (EYR B) and the environmental loading ratio (ELR B) are studied. The EYR which is the total emergy used up per unit of emergy invested, is a measure of how much an investment enables a process to exploit local resources in order to further contribute to the economy. The ELR however, is the total nonrenewable and imported emergy used up per unit of local renewable resource and indicates the stress a process exhibits on the environment. The evaluation provides values for the selected ratios based on different recycle times. Results show that values of the emergy indices vary, even more, when greater amounts of material is recycled with higher amount of additional emergy required for recycling. This provides relevant information prioritizing the selection of materials for recycling or reuse in a building, and the optimum number of reuse or recycle times of a specific material. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Inverse acoustic scattering by small-obstacle expansion of misfit function

This article concerns an extension of the topological derivative concept for 3D inverse acoustic scattering problems, whereby the featured cost function $J$ is expanded in powers of the characteristic size $\epsilon$ of a sound-hard scatterer about $\epsilon=0$. The $O(\epsilon^{6})$ approximation of $J$ is established for a small scatterer of arbitrary shape of given location embedded in an arbitrary acoustic domain, and generalized to several such scatterers. Simpler and more explicit versions of this result are obtained for a centrally-symmetric scatterer and a spherical scatterer. An approximate and computationally fast global search procedure is proposed, where the location and size of the unknown scatterer is estimated by minimizing the $O(\epsilon^{6})$ approximation of $J$ over a search grid. Its usefulness is demonstrated on numerical experiments, where the identification of a spherical, ellipsoidal or banana-shaped scatterer embedded in a acoustic half-space from known acoustic pressure on the surface is considered
Localization of Distributed EEG Sources in the Context of Epilepsy: A Simulation Study

International audienceObjective: Surface EEG recordings are routinely performed for the diagnosis and management of epilepsy. More particularly, they can help to delineate the brain regions involved in interictal epileptic activity. This is achieved by applying distributed source localization algorithms to the EEG data. Over the last two decades, a multitude of different methods have been proposed. The objective of this paper consists in comparing the performance of eight representative algorithms taking into account recently developed methods. Methods: The performance comparison is based on realistic computer simulations in the context of epileptic source localization. Main findings: All tested algorithms generally permit to identify the source positions, but only some algorithms (STWV-DA, 4-ExSo-MUSIC, SVB-SCCD, cLORETA) also give an indication of the spatial extent of the sources. Localizing deep and mesial sources remains a challenging problem
Fate of cadmium in the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis halleri grown in a contaminated dredged sediment

International audienceIn regions impacted by mining and smelting activities, dredged sediments are often contaminated with metals. Phytotechnologies could be used for their management, but more knowledge on the speciation of metals in the sediment and on their fate after colonization by plant roots is needed. This work was focused on a Zn, Cd-contaminated contaminated dredged sediment from the Scarpe river (North of France). Zn, Cd hyperaccumulating plants Arabidopsis halleri from metallicolous and non metallicolous origin were grown on the sediment for five months in a pot experiment. The nature and extent of the modifications in Cd speciation with or without plant were determined by electron microscopy, micro X-ray fluorescence and bulk and micro X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In addition, changes in Cd exchangeable and bioavailable pools were evaluated, and Cd content in leachates was measured. Finally, Cd plant uptake and plant growth parameters were monitored. In the original sediment, Cd was present as a mixed Zn, Cd, Fe sulfide. After five months, although pots still contained reduced sulfur, Cd-bearing sulfides were totally oxidized in vegetated pots, whereas a minor fraction (8%) was still present in non vegetated ones. Secondary species included Cd bound to O-containing groups of organic matter and Cd phosphates. Cd exchangeability and bioavailability were relatively low and did not increase during changes in Cd speciation, suggesting that Cd released by sulfide oxidation was readily taken up with strong interactions with organic matter and phosphate ligands. Thus, the composition of the sediment, the oxic conditions and the rhizospheric activity (regardless of the plant origin) created favourable conditions for Cd stabilization. However, it should be kept in mind that returning to anoxic conditions may change Cd speciation, so the species formed cannot be considered as stable on the long term
Centralised versus Decentralised Control Reconfiguration for Collaborating Underwater Robots

The present paper introduces an approach to fault-tolerant reconfiguration for collaborating underwater robots. Fault-tolerant reconfiguration is obtained using the virtual actuator approach, Steffen (2005). The paper investigates properties of a centralised versus a decentralised implementation and assesses the capabilities under communication constraints between the individual robots. In the centralised case, each robot sends information related to its own status to a unique virtual actuator that computes the necessary reconfiguration. In the decentralised case, each robot is equipped with its own virtual actuator that is able to accommodate both local faults and faults within a collaborating unit. The paper discusses how this is done through exploiting structural information (e.g. thruster configuration) for each participant in the cooperation. A test scenario is presented as a case in which an underwater drill needs to be transported and positioned by three collaborating robots as part of an underwater autonomous operation.© 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is the authors' accepted and refereed manuscript to the article. Locked until 2017-01-01
On corner cutting in multi-obstacle avoidance problems

One challenging and not extensively studied issue in obstacle avoidance is the corner cutting problem. Avoidance constraints are usually imposed at the sampling time without regards to the intra-sample behavior of the dynamics. This paper improves upon state of the art by describing a multi-obstacle environment over a hyperplane arrangement scaffolding, provides a piecewise description of the "shadow" regions and represents them into a combined mixed integer and predictive control formulation. Furthermore, over-approximation constraints which reduce to strictly binary formulations are discussed in detail. Illustrative proofs of concept, comparisons with the state of the art and simulation results over a classical multi-obstacle avoidance problem validate the benefits of the proposed approach
Performance analysis of multi-hop flows in IEEE 802.11 networks: A flexible and accurate modeling framework

International audienceMulti-hop wireless networks are often regarded as a promising means to extend the limited coverage area offered by WLANs. However, they are usually associated with poor and uncertain performance in terms of available bandwidth and packet losses, which clearly stands as a limitation to their use. In this paper, we consider the performance evaluation of a multi-hop path (also called chain), based on the IEEE 802.11 DCF. The proposed modeling framework is constructive and versatile, so that it can handle various types of multi-hop wireless paths, including scenarios with two flows in opposite directions, and topologies where nodes are exposed to the well-known hidden node problem. The models derived from our framework are conceptually simple, easy to implement and produce generally accurate results for the attained goodput of flows, as well as the datagram loss probability. Typical relative errors for these two quantities are below a few percent. Also, fundamental phenomena occurring in multi-hop wireless networks, such as performance collapse and starvation, are well captured by the models
Numerical Measure of a Complex Matrix

International audienceWe introduce a natural probability measure over the numerical range of a complex matrix A ∈ M n (C). This numerical measure µ A can be defined as the law of the random variable X ∈ C when the vector X ∈ C n is uniformly distributed on the unit sphere. If the matrix A is normal, we show that µ A has a piecewise polynomial density f A , which can be identified with a multivariate B-spline. In the general (nonnormal) case, we relate the Radon transform of µ A to the spectrum of a family of Hermitian matrices, and we deduce an explicit representation formula for the numerical density which is appropriate for theoretical and computational purposes. As an application, we show that the density f A is polynomial in some regions of the complex plane which can be characterized geometrically, and we recover some known results about lacunas of symmetric hyperbolic systems in 2 + 1 dimensions. Finally, we prove under general assumptions that the numerical measure of a matrix A ∈ M n (C) concentrates to a Dirac mass as the size n goes to infinity