pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Toward mass production of microtextured microdevices: linking rapid prototyping with microinjection molding

The possibility of manufacturing textured materials and devices, with surface properties controlled from the design stage, instead of being the result of machining processes\ud
or chemical attacks, is a key factor for the incorporation of advanced functionalities to a wide set of micro and nanosystems. Recently developed high-precision additive manufacturing technologies, together with the use of fractal models linked to computer-aided design tools, allow for a precise definition and control of final surface properties for a wide set of applications, although the production of larger series based on these resources is still an unsolved challenge. However, rapid prototypes, with controlled surface topography, can be used as original masters for obtaining micromold inserts for final large-scale series manufacture of replicas using microinjection molding. In this study, an original procedure is presented, aimed at connecting rapid prototyping with microinjection molding, for the mass production of two different microtextured microsystems, linked to tissue engineering tasks, using different thermoplastics as ultimate materials
Fermion masses without symmetry breaking in two spacetime dimensions

I study the prospect of generating mass for symmetry-protected fermions without breaking the symmetry that forbids quadratic mass terms in the Lagrangian. I focus on 1+1 spacetime dimensions in the hope that this can provide guidance for interacting fermions in 3+1 dimensions. I first review the SO(8) Gross-Neveu model and emphasize a subtlety in the triality transformation. Then I focus on the “ m = 0” manifold of the SO(7) Kitaev-Fidkowski model. I argue that this theory exhibits a phenomenon similar to “parity doubling” in hadronic physics, and this leads to the conclusion that the fermion propagator vanishes when p μ = 0. I also briefly explore a connection between this model and the two-channel, single-impurity Kondo effect. This paper may serve as an introduction to topological superconductors for high energy theorists, and perhaps as a taste of elementary particle physics for condensed matter theorists
Non-Abelian gauge fields as dark matter

SU(N) Lie algebras possess discrete symmetries which can lead naturally to stable vector dark matter (DM). In this work, we consider the possibility that the dark SU(N) sector couples to the visible sector through the Higgs portal. We find that minimal CP –conserving hidden “Higgs sectors” entail stable massive gauge fields which fall into the WIMP category of dark matter candidates. For SU(N), N > 2, DM consists of three components, two of which are degenerate in mass. In all of the cases, there are substantial regions of parameter space where the direct and indirect detection as well as relic abundance constraints are satisfied
Scaling of Power Corrections for Angularities from Dressed Gluon
  Exponentiation

We study power corrections to a recently introduced family of event shapes,
the class of angularities, within the formalism of dressed gluon exponentiation
(DGE). We find that the universal scaling rule for the leading power
corrections deduced from resummation also holds when taking renormalon
enhancements into account. The scaling is due to boost invariance of eikonal
dynamics in the two-jet limit, which we recover in the context of DGE.
Furthermore, dressed gluon exponentiation provides an ansatz for non-leading
power corrections that violate the scaling. These non-leading corrections are
further suppressed by non-integer powers of the hard scale
Interactions of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) with isolated rat live mitochondria.

The mechanism of interaction of Cr(VI) with isolated rat liver mitochondria was investigated in this study.
The results suggest that Cr(VI) induces the opening of the membrane permeability transition pore (MPT).
The phenomenon is cyclosporine-sensitive and is in agreement with the cyclosporine-sensitive apoptosis
observed in the cells incubated with this compound. Moreover the action of Cr(III), that is formed in the cells
by a reduction of Cr(VI), has been also analysed. The results obtained demonstrated that the Cr(III) does not induce the opening of the MPT in isolated mitochondria, but it has a protective effect in preventing Cr(VI) MPT opening. Therefore, these results suggest that apoptosis is regulated by a balance between Cr(VI) accumulation in the cytoplasm and Cr(III) formation
Magnetic Propulsion of Self-Assembled Colloidal Carpets: Efficient Cargo
  Transport via a Conveyor-Belt Effect

We demonstrate a general method to assemble and propel highly maneuverable
colloidal carpets which can be steered via remote control in any direction of
the plane. These colloidal micropropellers are composed by an ensemble of
spinning rotors and can be readily used to entrap, transport, and release
biological cargos on command via a hydrodynamic conveyor-belt effect. An
efficient control of the cargo transportation combined with remarkable
"healing" ability to surpass obstacles demonstrate a great potential towards
development of multifunctional smart devices at the microscale
Pragmatic Warrant for Frequentist Statistical Practice: The Case of High Energy Physics

Amidst long-standing debates within the field, High Energy Physics (HEP) has adopted a statistical methodology that employs primarily standard frequentist Amidst long-running debates within the field, High Energy Physics (HEP) has adopted a statistical methodology that primarily employs standard frequentist techniques such as significance testing and confidence interval estimation, but incorporates Bayesian methods for limited purposes. The recent discovery of the Higgs boson has drawn increased attention to the statistical methods employed within HEP. Here I argue that the warrant for the practice in HEP of relying primarily on frequentist methods can best be understood as pragmatic, in the sense that statistical methods are chosen for their suitability for the practical demands of experimental HEP, rather than reflecting a commitment to a particular epistemic framework. In particular, I argue that understanding the statistical methodology of HEP through the perspective of pragmatism clarifies the role of and rationale for significance testing in the search for new phenomena such as the Higgs boson
Advanced Computational Methods for Knowledge Engineering - Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Applications, ICCSAMA 2016, 2-3 May, 2016, Vienna, Austria

This proceedings consists of 20 papers which have been selected and invited from the submissions to the 4th  International Conference on Computer Science, Applied Mathematics and Applications (ICCSAMA 2016) held on 2-3 May, 2016 in Laxenburg, Austria. The conference is organized into 5 sessions: Advanced Optimization Methods and Their Applications, Models for ICT applications, Topics on discrete mathematics, Data Analytic Methods and Applications and Feature Extractio,  respectively. All chapters in the book discuss theoretical and practical issues connected with computational methods and optimization methods for knowledge engineering. The editors hope that this volume can be useful for graduate and Ph.D. students and researchers in Applied Sciences, Computer Science and Applied Mathematics
Integrating a Popular Sport into the Patrimony in a South African Provincial Town: The Case of Football in Stellenbosch

International audienceThe awarding of the 2010 World Cup to South Africa was presented as an enormous achievement for South Africans. It was believed that one of the many benefits would be that tourism would be given a community-oriented focus. In the light of this, the Stellenbosch Municipality, situated in the Western Cape, launched the ‘Great Stellenbosch 2010’ project in 2006. As part of the project, the black township of Kayamandi was given a building to promote tourism in the Stellenbosch area and to enhance infrastructure in the township. However the coloured football community of Stellenbosch contested the project. This article describes the local club structure and local political circumstances. A series of interviews reveal the disaffection felt by the coloured community about the building in the black township. The article also describes how the initiative actually inflamed old race-based divisions between the black and coloured communities and sowed confusion around the symbol of togetherness that the World Cup was meant to embody
Domain-specific summarisation of Life-Science e-experiments from provenance traces

International audienceTranslational research in Life-Science nowadays leverages e-Science platforms to analyse and produce huge amounts of data. With the unprecedented growth of Life-Science data repositories, identifying relevant data for analysis becomes increasingly difficult. The instrumentation of e-Science platforms with provenance tracking techniques provide useful information from a data analysis process design or debugging perspective. However raw provenance traces are too massive and too generic to facilitate the scientific interpretation of data. In this paper, we propose an integrated approach in which Life-Science knowledge is (i) captured through domain ontologies and linked to Life-Science data analysis tools, and (ii) propagated through rules to produced data, in order to constitute human-tractable experiment summaries. Our approach has been implemented in the Virtual Imaging Platform (VIP) and experimental results show the feasibility of producing few domain-specific statements which opens new data sharing and repurposing opportunities in line with Linked Data initiatives
Energy distribution in the squeezing of particles in concentrated suspension

The original publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com/content/745r568gh452n713/International audienceIn the present work, the squeeze flow geometry is used to investigate the properties of concentrated suspensions. The suspensions consist on hard glass spherical particles dispersed in a viscoplastic fluid. With such a material, following the solid volume fraction, the material rheological behaviour ranges from purely viscoplastic fluid to granular media. During the squeezing action, the material structure evolves with energy variation due to particle displacement and interaction. The goal of our study is to identify the effect of energy evolution on the flowproperties of suspensions and detect granular contact evolution. The proposed study consists on an energy approach based on the analysis of the global squeeze force and sample height with time. The squeeze force is decomposed in a combination of an average force component and a fluctuating one. This local fluctuating component is investigated from Fourier analysis as a function of solid volume fraction and compression velocity. Results show the evolution of the energy distribution during compression and allow the flow regime modification to be evaluated
Software Code Generation for the RVC-CAL Language

International audienceThe MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding (RVC) framework is a new standard under development by MPEG that aims at providing a unified high-level specification of current and future MPEG video coding technologies using dataflow models. In this framework, a decoder is built as a configuration of video coding modules taken from the standard MPEG toolbox library or proprietary libraries. The elements of the library are specified by a textual description that expresses the I/O behavior of each module and by a reference software written using a subset of the CAL Actor Language named RVC-CAL. A decoder configuration is written in an XML dialect by connecting a set of CAL modules. Code generators are fundamental supports that enable the direct transformation of a high level specification to efficient hardware and software implementations. This paper presents a synthesis tool that from a CAL dataflow program generates C code and an associated SystemC model. The generated code is validated against the original CAL description simulated using the Open Dataflow environment. Experimental results of the translation of two descriptions of an MPEG-4 Simple Profile decoder with different granularities are shown and discussed
Generalized Gradients: Priors on Minimization Flows

International audienceThis paper tackles an important aspect of the variational problem underlying active contours: optimization by gradient flows. Classically, the definition of a gradient depends directly on the choice of an inner product structure. This consideration is largely absent from the active contours literature. Most authors, explicitely or implicitely, assume that the space of admissible deformations is ruled by the canonical L 2 inner prod-uct. The classical gradient flows reported in the literature are relative to this particular choice. Here, we investigate the relevance of using (i) other inner products, yielding other gradient descents, and (ii) other minimizing flows not deriving from any inner product. In particular, we show how to induce different de-grees of spatial consistency into the minimizing flow, in order to decrease the probability of getting trapped into irrelevant local minima. We report numerical experiments indicating that the sensitivity of the active contours method to initial conditions, which seriously limits its applicability and efficiency, is alleviated by our application-specific spatially coherent minimizing flows. We show that the choice of the inner product can be seen as a prior on the deformation fields and we present an extension of the definition of the gradient toward more general priors
Submarine landslides and the importance of the initial sediment composition for run-out length and final deposit

-Much remains to understand the dynamic processes during the flow of submarine landslides. A first relevant problem is to explain the extraordinary mobility of submarine landslides, which has no comparison in subaerial mass movement. Another challenging question is the apparent disparity between submarine landslides that remain compact for hundreds of kilometres and those that disintegrate during the flow, finally evolving into turbidity currents. This problem is linked to a central ongoing debate on the relative importance of turbidity currents versus submarine landslides in reshaping the continental margin. Based on three epitomic case studies and on laboratory experiments with artificial debris flows of various composition, we suggest a possible explanation for the disparity between compact and disintegrating landslides, identifying the clay-to-sand ratio as the key control parameter
Double-diffusive instability in core-annular pipe flow

The instability in a pressure-driven core-annular flow of two miscible fluids having the same densities, but different viscosities, in the presence of two scalars diffusing at different rates (double-diffusive effect) is investigated via linear stability analysis and axisymmetric direct numerical simulation. It is found that the double-diffusive flow in a cylindrical pipe exhibits strikingly different stability characteristics compared to the double-diffusive flow in a planar channel and the equivalent single-component flow (wherein viscosity stratification is achieved due to the variation of one scalar) in a cylindrical pipe. The flow which is stable in the context of single-component systems now becomes unstable in the presence of two scalars diffusing at different rates. It is shown that increasing the diffusivity ratio enhances the instability. In contrast to the single fluid flow through a pipe (the Hagen-Poiseuille flow), the faster growing axisymmetric eigenmode is found to be more unstable than the corresponding corkscrew mode for the parameter values considered, for which the equivalent single-component flow is stable to both the axisymmetric and corkscrew modes. Unlike single-component flows of two miscible fluids in a cylindrical pipe, it is shown that the diffusivity and the radial location of the mixed layer have non-monotonic influences on the instability characteristics. An attempt is made to understand the underlying mechanism of this instability by conducting the energy budget and inviscid stability analyses. The investigation of linear instability due to the double-diffusive phenomenon is extended to the nonlinear regime via axisymmetric direct numerical simulations. It is found that in the nonlinear regime the flow becomes unstable in the presence of double-diffusive effect, which is consistent with the predictions of linear stability theory. A new type of instability pattern of an elliptical shape is observed in the nonlinear simulations in the presence of double-diffusive effect
Teachers' Conceptions About the Genetic Determinism of Human Behaviour: A Survey in 23 Countries

International audienceThis work analyses the answers to a questionnaire from 8,285 in-service and pre-service teachers from 23 countries, elaborated by the Biohead-Citizen research project, to investigate teachers' conceptions related to the genetic determinism of human behaviour. A principal components analysis is used to assess the main trends in all the interviewed teachers' conceptions. This illustrates that innatism is present in two distinct ways: in relation to individuals (e.g. genetic determinism to justify intellectual likeness between individuals such as twins) or in relation to groups of humans (e.g. genetic determinism to justify gender differences or the superiority of some human ethnic groups). A between factor analysis discriminates between countries, showing very significant differences. There is more innatism among teachers' conceptions in African countries and Lebanon than in European countries, Brazil and Australia. Among the other controlled parameters, only two are significantly independent of the country: the level of training and the level of knowledge of biology. A co-inertia analysis shows a strong correlation between non-citizen attitudes towards and innatist conceptions of genetic determinism regarding human groups. We discuss these findings and their implications for education
Business Rules Uncertainty Management with Probabilistic Relational Models

International audienceObject-oriented Business Rules Management Systems (OO-BRMS) are a complex applications platform that provide tools for automating day-today business decisions. To allow more sophisticated and realistic decision-making, these tools must enable Business Rules (BRs) to handle uncertainties in the domain. For this purpose, several approaches have been proposed, but most of them rely on heuristic models that unfortunately have shortcomings and limitations. In this paper we present a solution allowing modern OO-BRMS to effectively integrate probabilistic reasoning for uncertainty management. This solution has a coupling approach with Probabilistic Relational Models (PRMs) and facilitates the inter-operability, hence, the separation between business and probabilistic logic. We apply our approach to an existing BRMS and discuss implications of the knowledge base dynamicity on the probabilistic inference
Characterization of a ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase from phenanthrene-degrading Sphingomonas sp. strain LH128 able to oxidize benz[a]anthracene.

International audienceSphingomonas sp. strain LH128 was isolated from a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-contaminated soil using phenanthrene as the sole source of carbon and energy. A dioxygenase complex, phnA1fA2f, encoding the alpha and beta subunit of a terminal dioxygenase responsible for the initial attack on PAHs, was identified and isolated from this strain. PhnA1f showed 98%, 78%, and 78% identity to the alpha subunit of PAH dioxygenase from Novosphingobium aromaticivorans strain F199, Sphingomonas sp. strain CHY-1, and Sphingobium yanoikuyae strain B1, respectively. When overexpressed in Escherichia coli, PhnA1fA2f was able to oxidize low-molecular-weight PAHs, chlorinated biphenyls, dibenzo-p-dioxin, and the high-molecular-weight PAHs benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, and pyrene. The action of PhnA1fA2f on benz[a]anthracene produced two benz[a]anthracene dihydrodiols
Critical insight into the influence of the potential energy surface on fission dynamics

The present work is dedicated to a careful investigation of the influence of the potential energy surface on the fission process. The time evolution of nuclei at high excitation energy and angular momentum is studied by means of three-dimensional Langevin calculations performed for two different parametrizations of the macroscopic potential: the Finite Range Liquid Drop Model (FRLDM) and the Lublin-Strasbourg Drop (LSD) prescription. Depending on the mass of the system, the topology of the potential throughout the deformation space of interest in fission is observed to noticeably differ within these two approaches, due to the treatment of curvature effects. When utilized in the dynamical calculation as the driving potential, the FRLDM and LSD models yield similar results in the heavy-mass region, whereas the predictions can be strongly dependent on the Potential Energy Surface (PES) for medium-mass nuclei. In particular, the mass, charge, and total kinetic energy distributions of the fission fragments are found to be narrower with the LSD prescription. The influence of critical model parameters on our findings is carefully investigated. The present study sheds light on the experimental conditions and signatures well suited for constraining the parametrization of the macroscopic potential. Its implication regarding the interpretation of available experimental data is briefly discussed
Demographic-economic equilibria when the age at motherhood is endogenous

International audienceIn this article, we study the joint dynamics of the demography and the economy. We explore how economic conditions affect fertility choices, and in return how the population growth rate affects both financial and labor markets. Our main contribution is to consider a realistic demographic setup that allows characterizing the age at which individuals decide to give birth to their children. In such a framework, we aim at studying the existence of an equilibrium. We notably prove there exists a monetary steady state if the average age of consumers is greater than the average age of producers
Correlating radii and electric monopole transitions of atomic nuclei

4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. LettersA systematic analysis of the spherical-to-deformed shape phase transition in even-even rare-earth nuclei from $_{58}$Ce to $_{74}$W is carried out in the framework of the interacting boson model. These results are then used to calculate nuclear radii and electric monopole (E0) transitions with the same effective operator. The influence of the hexadecapole degree of freedom ($g$ boson) on the correlation between radii and E0 transitions thus established, is discussed
Model-independent tracking of criticality signals in nuclear multifragmentation data

We look for signals of criticality in multifragment production in heavy-ion collisions using model-independent universal fluctuations theory. The phenomenon is studied as a function of system size, bombarding energy, and impact parameter in a wide range of INDRA data. For very central collisions (b/b_max<0.1) we find evidence that the largest fragment in each event, Z_max, plays the role of an order parameter, defining two different regimes at low and high incident energy, respectively, according to the scaling properties of its fluctuations. Data for a wide range of system masses and incident energies collapse on to an approximately universal scaling function in each regime for the most central collisions. The forms of the scaling functions for the two regimes are established, and their dependence on the total mass and the bombarding energy is mapped out. Data suggest that these regimes are linked to the disappearance of heavy residues in central collisions