pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Non-local observables at finite temperature in AdS/CFT

Within gauge/gravity duality, we consider the AdS-Schwarzschild metric in
arbitrary dimensions. We obtain analytical closed-form results for the
two-point function, Wilson loop and entanglement entropy for strip geometries
in the finite-temperature field-theory dual. According to the duality, these
are given by the area of minimal surfaces of different dimension in the gravity
background. Our analytical results involve generalised hypergeometric
functions. We show that they reproduce known numerical results to great
accuracy. Our results allow to identify new physical behaviour: For instance,
we consider the entanglement density, i.e. the difference of entanglement
entropies at finite and vanishing temperature divided by the volume of the
entangling region. For field theories of dimension seven or higher, we find
that the entanglement density displays non-monotonic behaviour as function of
l*T, with l the strip width and T the temperature. This implies that the area
theorem, proven for RG flows in general dimensions, does not apply here. This
may signal the emergence of new degrees of freedom for AdS Schwarzschild black
holes in eight or more dimensions.Comment: 42 pages + appendi
Elliptic Genus Derivation of 4d Holomorphic Blocks

We study elliptic vortices on $\mathbb{C}\times T^2$ by considering the 2d
quiver gauge theory describing their moduli spaces. The elliptic genus of these
moduli spaces is the elliptic version of vortex partition function of the 4d
theory. We focus on two examples: the first is a $\mathcal{N}=1$,
$\mathrm{U}(N)$ gauge theory with fundamental and anti-fundamental matter; the
second is a $\mathcal{N}=2$, $\mathrm{U}(N)$ gauge theory with matter in the
fundamental representation. The results are instances of 4d "holomorphic
blocks" into which partition functions on more complicated surfaces factorize.
They can also be interpreted as free-field representations of elliptic Virasoro
algebrae.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
Unitarity and predictiveness in new Higgs inflation

In new Higgs inflation the Higgs kinetic terms are non-minimally coupled to
the Einstein tensor, allowing the Higgs field to play the role of the inflaton.
The new interaction is non-renormalizable, and the model only describes physics
below some cutoff scale. Even if the unknown UV physics does not affect the
tree level inflaton potential significantly, it may still enter at loop level
and modify the running of the Standard Model (SM) parameters. This is analogous
to what happens in the original model for Higgs inflation. A key difference,
though, is that in new Higgs inflation the inflationary predictions are
sensitive to this running. Thus the boundary conditions at the EW scale as well
as the unknown UV completion may leave a signature on the inflationary
parameters. However, this dependence can be evaded if the kinetic terms of the
SM fermions and gauge fields are non-minimally coupled to gravity as well. Our
approach to determine the model's UV dependence and the connection between low
and high scale physics can be used in any particle physics model of inflation.Comment: 21+6 pages, 1 figure; final version accepted by the journal,
  improvements of section
Analysis of a Dilaton EFT for Lattice Data

In a recent paper, we developed and applied a dilaton-based effective field
theory (EFT) to the analysis of lattice-simulation data for a class of
confining gauge theories with near-conformal infrared behavior. It was employed
there at the classical level to the SU(3) gauge theory with eight Dirac
fermions in the fundamental representation. Here, we explore the structure of
the EFT further. We examine its application to lattice data (newly updated) for
the SU(3) theory with eight Dirac fermions in the fundamental representation,
and the SU(3) theory with two Dirac fermions in the sextet representation. In
each case, we determine additional fit parameters and discuss uncertainties
associated with extrapolation to zero fermion mass. We highlight universal
features, study the EFT at the quantum loop level and discuss the importance of
future lattice simulations.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, Typos corrected and acknowledgement added.
  Version accepted for publication at JHE
Searches for vector-like quarks at future colliders and implications for composite Higgs models with dark matter.

Many composite Higgs models predict the existence of vector-like quarks with masses outside the reach of the LHC, e.g. m Q ≳ 2 TeV, in particular if these models contain a dark matter candidate. In such models the mass of the new resonances is bounded from above to satisfy the constraint from the observed relic density. We therefore develop new strategies to search for vector-like quarks at a future 100 TeV collider and evaluate what masses and interactions can be probed. We find that masses as large as ∼ 6.4 (∼9) TeV can be tested if the fermionic resonances decay into Standard Model (dark matter) particles. We also discuss the complementarity of dark matter searches, showing that most of the parameter space can be closed. On balance, this study motivates further the consideration of a higher-energy hadron collider for a next generation of facilities
Classical and Quantum Aspects of Yang-Baxter Wess-Zumino Models

We investigate the integrable Yang-Baxter deformation of the 2d Principal
Chiral Model with a Wess-Zumino term. For arbitrary groups, the one-loop beta
functions are calculated and display a surprising connection between classical
and quantum physics: the classical integrability condition is necessary to
prevent new couplings being generated by renormalisation. We show these
theories admit an elegant realisation of Poisson-Lie T-duality acting as a
simple inversion of coupling constants. The self-dual point corresponds to the
Wess-Zumino-Witten model and is the IR fixed point under RG. We address the
possibility of having supersymmetric extensions of these models showing that
extended supersymmetry is not possible in general.Comment: 44 pages; 4 figures; v2: references added; v3: published version,
  text edited and restructured, result added on CFT operators driving the flo
Inelastic Black Hole Scattering from Charged Scalar Amplitudes

We explain how the lowest-order classical gravitational radiation produced
during the inelastic scattering of two Schwarzschild black holes in General
Relativity can be obtained from a tree scattering amplitude in gauge theory
coupled to scalar fields. The gauge calculation is related to gravity through
the double copy. We remove unwanted scalar forces which can occur in the double
copy by introducing a massless scalar in the gauge theory, which is treated as
a ghost in the link to gravity. We hope these methods are a step towards a
direct application of the double copy at higher orders in classical
perturbation theory, with the potential to greatly streamline gravity
calculations for phenomenological applications.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figure
Structure of stable degeneration of K3 surfaces into pairs of rational
  elliptic surfaces

F-theory/heterotic duality is formulated in the stable degeneration limit of
a K3 fibration on the F-theory side. In this note, we analyze the structure of
the stable degeneration limit. We discuss whether stable degeneration exists
for pairs of rational elliptic surfaces. We demonstrate that, when two rational
elliptic surfaces have an identical complex structure, stable degeneration
always exists. We provide an equation that systematically describes the stable
degeneration of a K3 surface into a pair of isomorphic rational elliptic
surfaces. When two rational elliptic surfaces have different complex
structures, whether their sum glued along a smooth fiber admits deformation to
a K3 surface can be determined by studying the structure of the K3 lattice. We
investigate the lattice theoretic condition to determine whether a deformation
to a K3 surface exists for pairs of extremal rational elliptic surfaces. In
addition, we discuss the configurations of singular fibers under stable
degeneration. The sum of two isomorphic rational elliptic surfaces glued
together admits a deformation to a K3 surface, the singular fibers of which are
twice that of the rational elliptic surface. For special situations, singular
fibers of the resulting K3 surface collide and they are enhanced to a fiber of
another type. Some K3 surfaces become attractive in these situations. We
determine the complex structures and the Weierstrass forms of these attractive
K3 surfaces. We also deduce the gauge groups in F-theory compactifications on
these attractive K3 surfaces times a K3. $E_6$, $E_7$, $E_8$, $SU(5)$, and
$SO(10)$ gauge groups arise in these compactifications.Comment: 24 pages, some clarification
Universality for Shape Dependence of Casimir Effects from Weyl Anomaly

We reveal elegant relations between the shape dependence of the Casimir
effects and Weyl anomaly in boundary conformal field theories (BCFT). We show
that for any BCFT which has a description in terms of an effective action, the
near boundary divergent behavior of the renormalized stress tensor is
completely determined by the central charges of the theory. These relations are
verified by free BCFTs. We test them with holographic models of BCFT and find
exact agreement. We propose that these relations between Casimir coefficients
and central charges hold for any BCFT. With the holographic models, we
reproduce not only the precise form of the near boundary divergent behavior of
the stress tensor, but also the surface counter term that is needed to make the
total energy finite. As they are proportional to the central charges, the near
boundary divergence of the stress tensor must be physical and cannot be dropped
by further artificial renormalization.Our results thus provide affirmative
support on the physical nature of the divergent energy density near the
boundary, whose reality has been a long-standing controversy in the literature.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure and 3 tables, references added, accepted for
  publication in JHE
Exact finite volume expectation values of $\bar{\Psi} \Psi$ in the
  Massive Thirring model from light-cone lattice correlators

In this paper, using the light-cone lattice regularization, we compute the
finite volume expectation values of the composite operator $\bar{\Psi}\Psi$
between pure fermion states in the Massive Thirring Model. In the light-cone
regularized picture, this expectation value is related to 2-point functions of
lattice spin operators being located at neighboring sites of the lattice. The
operator $\bar{\Psi}\Psi$ is proportional to the trace of the stress-energy
tensor. This is why the continuum finite volume expectation values can be
computed also from the set of non-linear integral equations (NLIE) governing
the finite volume spectrum of the theory. Our results for the expectation
values coming from the computation of lattice correlators agree with those of
the NLIE computations. Previous conjectures for the LeClair-Mussardo-type
series representation of the expectation values are also checked.Comment: text and explanations improved, published versio
Opening up the QCD axion window

We present a new mechanism to deplete the energy density of the QCD axion,
making decay constants as high as $f_a \simeq 10^{17}\,\rm{GeV}$ viable for
generic initial conditions. In our setup, the axion couples to a massless dark
photon with a coupling that is moderately stronger than the axion coupling to
gluons. Dark photons are produced copiously through a tachyonic instability
when the axion field starts oscillating, and an exponential suppression of the
axion density can be achieved. For a large part of the parameter space this
dark radiation component of the universe can be observable in upcoming CMB
experiments. Such dynamical depletion of the axion density ameliorates the
isocurvature bound on the scale of inflation. The depletion also amplifies the
power spectrum at scales that enter the horizon before particle production
begins, potentially leading to axion miniclusters.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures; v2: references added, minor changes, matches
  journal versio
Massive Spin-2 Scattering and Asymptotic Superluminality

We place model-independent constraints on theories of massive spin-2
particles by considering the positivity of the phase shift in eikonal
scattering. The phase shift is an asymptotic $S$-matrix observable, related to
the time delay/advance experienced by a particle during scattering. Demanding
the absence of a time advance leads to constraints on the cubic vertices
present in the theory. We find that, in theories with massive spin-2 particles,
requiring no time advance means that either: (i) the cubic vertices must appear
as a particular linear combination of the Einstein-Hilbert cubic vertex and an
$h_{\mu\nu}^3$ potential term or (ii) new degrees of freedom or strong coupling
must enter at parametrically the mass of the massive spin-2 field. These
conclusions have implications for a variety of situations. Applied to theories
of large-$N$ QCD, this indicates that any spectrum with an isolated massive
spin-2 at the bottom must have these particular cubic self-couplings. Applied
to de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity, the constraint is in accord with
and generalizes previous results obtained from a shockwave calculation: of the
two free dimensionless parameters in the theory there is a one parameter line
consistent with a subluminal phase shift.Comment: 46 pages, 1 figure. v2: Minor corrections. v3: Minor edits;
  orthogonalized \oplus tensor polarizations. Results are unaffecte
New nonperturbative scales and glueballs in confining supersymmetric
  gauge theories

We show that new nonperturbative scales exist in four-dimensional
${\cal{N}}$$=$$1$ super-Yang-Mills theory compactified on a circle, with an
iterated-exponential dependence on the inverse gauge coupling. The lightest
states with the quantum numbers of four-dimensional glueballs are
nonrelativistic bound states of dual Cartan gluons and superpartners, with
binding energy equal to $e^{- e^{1/g^2}}$ in units of the confining mass gap.
Focusing on $SU(2)$ gauge group, we construct the nonrelativistic effective
theory, show that the lightest glueball/glueballino states fill a chiral
supermultiplet, and determine their "doubly-nonperturbative" binding energy.
The iterated-exponential dependence on the gauge coupling is due to
nonperturbative couplings in the long distance theory, $\lambda \sim e^{-{1
\over g^2}}$, which are responsible for attractive interactions, in turn
producing exponentially small, $\sim e^{-{1\over \lambda}}$, effects.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures; typos corrected, references added, matches the
  published version in JHE
On classical de Sitter and Minkowski solutions with intersecting branes

Motivated by the connection of string theory to cosmology or particle
physics, we study solutions of type II supergravities having a four-dimensional
de Sitter or Minkowski space-time, with intersecting Dp-branes and orientifold
Op-planes. Only few such solutions are known, and we aim at a better
characterisation. Modulo a few restrictions, we prove that there exists no
classical de Sitter solution for any combination of D3/O3 and D7/O7, while we
derive interesting constraints for intersecting D5/O5 or D6/O6, or combinations
of D4/O4 and D8/O8. Concerning classical Minkowski solutions, we understand
some typical features, and propose a solution ansatz. Overall, a central
information appears to be the way intersecting Dp/Op overlap each other, a
point we focus on.Comment: v2: few modifications, published versio
Anomalous Dimensions in the WF O($N$) Model with a Monodromy Line Defect

Implications of inserting a conformal, monodromy line defect in three
dimensional O($N$) models are studied. We consider then the WF O($N$) model,
and study the two-point Green's function for bulk-local fields found from both
the bulk-defect expansion and Feynman diagrams. This yields the anomalous
dimensions for bulk- and defect-local primaries as well as one of the OPE
coefficients as $\epsilon$-expansions to the first loop order. As a check on
our results, we study the $(\phi^k)^2{\phi}^j$ operator both using the
bulk-defect expansion as well as the equations of motion.Comment: 21 page
T-duality transformations for the NS5-brane along angular directions

In this note we study T-duality transformations for the NS5-brane and its
orbifolds along angular directions. We identify a geometric charge for these
configurations and show that it is interchanged with the H-flux under
T-duality. We furthermore perform a supersymmetry analysis and find that
T-duality can break supersymmetry, in agreement with earlier results in the
literature.
  We contrast our findings to compactifications of the NS5-brane on tori, which
have vanishing geometric charge and for which T-duality transformations along
the compact directions preserve supersymmetry. This shows that the
uncompactified NS5-brane and the compactified-and-smeared solution have
different properties and behave differently under T-duality.Comment: 39 pages; v2: references added, published versio
The CP-Violating 2HDM in Light of a Strong First Order Electroweak Phase
  Transition and Implications for Higgs Pair Production

We investigate the strength of the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) within
the CP-violating 2-Higgs-Doublet Model (C2HDM). By applying a renormalisation
scheme which allows efficient scans of the C2HDM parameter space, we analyse
the possibility of a strong first order EWPT required for baryogenesis and
study its phenomenological implications for the LHC. Like in the CP-conserving
(real) 2HDM (R2HDM) we find that a strong EWPT favours mass gaps between the
non-SM-like Higgs bosons. These lead to prominent final states comprised of
gauge+Higgs bosons or pairs of Higgs bosons. In contrast to the R2HDM, the
CP-mixing of the C2HDM also favours approximately mass degenerate spectra with
dominant decays into SM particles. The requirement of a strong EWPT further
allows us to distinguish the C2HDM from the R2HDM using the signal strengths of
the SM-like Higgs boson. We additionally find that a strong EWPT requires an
enhancement of the SM-like trilinear Higgs coupling at next-to-leading order
(NLO) by up to a factor of 2.4 compared to the NLO SM coupling, establishing
another link between cosmology and collider phenomenology. We provide several
C2HDM benchmark scenarios compatible with a strong EWPT and all experimental
and theoretical constraints. We include the dominant branching ratios of the
non-SM-like Higgs bosons as well as the Higgs pair production cross section of
the SM-like Higgs boson for every benchmark point. The pair production cross
sections can be substantially enhanced compared to the SM and could be
observable at the high-luminosity LHC, allowing access to the trilinear Higgs
couplings
Constraining Composite Higgs Models using LHC data

We systematically study the modifications in the couplings of the Higgs
boson, when identified as a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson of a strong sector, in
the light of LHC Run 1 and Run 2 data. For the minimal coset SO(5)/SO(4) of the
strong sector, we focus on scenarios where the standard model left- and
right-handed fermions (specifically, the top and bottom quarks) are either in 5
or in the symmetric 14 representation of SO(5). Going beyond the minimal 5L-5R
representation, to what we call here the 'extended' models, we observe that it
is possible to construct more than one invariant in the Yukawa sector. In such
models, the Yukawa couplings of the 125 GeV Higgs boson undergo nontrivial
modifications. The pattern of such modifications can be encoded in a generic
phenomenological Lagrangian which applies to a wide class of such models. We
show that the presence of more than one Yukawa invariant allows the gauge and
Yukawa coupling modifiers to be decorrelated in the 'extended' models, and this
decorrelation leads to a relaxation of the bound on the compositeness scale (f
> 640 GeV at 95% CL, as compared to f > 1 TeV for the minimal 5L-5R
representation model). We also study the Yukawa coupling modifications in the
context of the next-to-minimal strong sector coset SO(6)/SO(5) for
fermion-embedding up to representations of dimension 20. While quantifying our
observations, we have performed a detailed chi-square fit using the ATLAS and
CMS combined Run 1 and available Run 2 data.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 6 tables, footnote added, references
  updated, matches version published in JHE
Properties of scattering forms and their relation to associahedra

We show that the half-integrands in the CHY representation of tree amplitudes
give rise to the definition of differential forms -- the scattering forms -- on
the moduli space of a Riemann sphere with $n$ marked points. These differential
forms have some remarkable properties. We show that all singularities are on
the divisor $\overline{\mathcal M}_{0,n} \backslash {\mathcal M}_{0,n}$. Each
singularity is logarithmic and the residue factorises into two differential
forms of lower points. In order for this to work, we provide a threefold
generalisation of the CHY polarisation factor (also known as reduced Pfaffian)
towards off-shell momenta, unphysical polarisations and away from the solutions
of the scattering equations. We discuss explicitly the cases of bi-adjoint
scalar amplitudes, Yang-Mills amplitudes and gravity amplitudes.Comment: 40 pages, version to be publishe
On exact correlation functions of chiral ring operators in $2d$
  $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ SCFTs via localization

We study the extremal correlation functions of (twisted) chiral ring
operators via superlocalization in $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ superconformal field
theories (SCFTs) with central charge $c\geq 3$, especially for SCFTs with
Calabi-Yau geometric phases. We extend the method in arXiv:1602.05971 with mild
modifications, so that it is applicable to disentangle operators mixing on
$S^2$ in nilpotent (twisted) chiral rings of $2d$ SCFTs. With the extended
algorithm and technique of localization, we compute exactly the extremal
correlators in $2d$ $\mathcal{N}=(2, 2)$ (twisted) chiral rings as
non-holomorphic functions of marginal parameters of the theories. Especially in
the context of Calabi-Yau geometries, we give an explicit geometric
interpretation to our algorithm as the Griffiths transversality with projection
on the Hodge bundle over Calabi-Yau complex moduli. We also apply the method to
compute extremal correlators in K\"{a}hler moduli, or say twisted chiral rings,
of several interesting Calabi-Yau manifolds. In the case of complete
intersections in toric varieties, we provide an alternative formalism for
extremal correlators via localization onto Higgs branch. In addition, as a
spinoff we find that, from the extremal correlators of the top element in
twisted chiral rings, one can extract chiral correlators in A-twisted
topological theories.Comment: 50 pages + 3 appendices, typos corrected, the journal versio
$K_S^0-K_L^0$ Asymmetries and $CP$ Violation in Charmed Baryon Decays
  into Neutral Kaons

We study the $K^0_S-K^0_L$ asymmetries and $CP$ violations in charm-baryon
decays with neutral kaons in the final state. The $K^0_S-K^0_L$ asymmetry can
be used to search for two-body doubly Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes of
charm-baryon decays, with the one in $\Lambda^+_c\to pK^0_{S,L}$ as a promising
observable. Besides, it is studied for a new $CP$-violation effect in these
processes, induced by the interference between the Cabibbo-favored and doubly
Cabibbo-suppressed amplitudes with the neutral kaon mixing. Once the new
CP-violation effect is determined by experiments, the direct $CP$ asymmetry in
neutral kaon modes can then be extracted and used to search for new physics.
The numerical results based on $SU(3)$ symmetry will be tested by the
experiments in the future.Comment: 15 pages, 3 tables. Version published in JHE