pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Silicon nanowires as negative electrode for lithium-ion microbatteries

International audienceThe increasingly demand on secondary batteries with higher speciﬁc energy densities requires the replace- ment of the actual electrode materials. With a very high theoretical capacity (4200 mAh g−1 ) at low voltage, silicon is presented as a very interesting potential candidate as negative electrode for lithium-ion micro- batteries. For the ﬁrst time, the electrochemical lithium alloying/de-alloying process is proven to occur, respectively, at 0.15 V/0.45 V vs. Li+ /Li with Si nanowires (SiNWs, 200-300 nm in diameter) synthesized by chemical vapour deposition. This new three-dimensional architecture material is well suited to accom- modate the expected large volume expansion due to the reversible formation of Li-Si alloys. At present, stable capacity over ten to twenty cycles is demonstrated. The storage capacity is shown to increase with the growth temperature by a factor 3 as the temperature varies from 525 to 575 ◦ C. These results, showing an attractive working potential and large storage capacities, open up a new promising ﬁeld of research
Constraint satisfaction problem based on flow graph to study the resilience of inland navigation networks in a climate change context

The T-Ten European program aims at optimizing the transport logistics in Europe by promoting alternative transport modes. Navigation transport offers a competitive and environmentally friendly alternative. Hence, it is foresaw an increase of the navigation transport demand that it will be necessary to accommodate. This will be very challenging particularly in a global change context where less available water resource is expected. A constraint satisfaction problem based on flow graph is proposed in this paper to study the resilience of inland navigation networks against increase of the navigation demand and extreme events. Drought and flood scenarios are simulated considering an network composed of five interconnected navigation reaches. The results show that the designed tools are well adapted to the resilience study of inland navigation networks
Interaction of folic acid and some matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor folate-γ-hydroxamate derivatives with Zn(II) and human serum albumin

Human serum albumin binding of folic acid and its γ-hydroxamate/ carboxylate derivatives was studied by ultrafiltration and spectrofluorimetry, and it was found that the ligands exhibit a moderate binding (KD ∼ 2-50 μM), and the folate-γ-phenylalanine represents the highest conditional binding constant towards albumin. This feature may have importance in the serum transport processes of these ligands. Interaction of folic acid and its derivatives with Zn(II) was investigated in aqueous solution to obtain the composition and stabilities of the complexes by the means of pH-potentiometry, 1H NMR and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, together with the characterization of the proton dissociation processes and the hydro-lipophilic properties of the ligands. The formation of mono-ligand complexes was demonstrated in all cases and the contribution of the glutamyl carboxylates to the coordination was excluded. Binding of folic acid and its γ-carboxylate derivatives to Zn(II) via the pteridine moiety is suggested, while the (O,O) coordination fashion of the folate-γ-hydroxamate ligands has importance in their inhibitory activity against Zn(II)-containing matrix metalloproteinases. It was found that the enzyme inhibition of these folate-γ-hydroxamate ligands is mainly tuned by other features, such as the lipophilic character rather than the Zn(II)-chelate stability. © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Impact of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Outcomes Among Aspirin-Resistant Patients Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Coronary artery bypass grafting is pivotal in the contemporary management of complex coronary artery disease. Interpatient variability to antiplatelet agents, however, harbors the potential to compromise the revascularization benefit by increasing the incidence of adverse events. This study was designed to define the impact of dual antiplatelet therapy (dAPT) on clinical outcomes among aspirin-resistant patients who underwent coronary artery surgery. We randomly assigned 219 aspirin-resistant patients according to multiple electrode aggregometry to receive clopidogrel (75 mg) plus aspirin (300 mg) or aspirin-monotherapy (300 mg). The primary end point was a composite outcome of all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, or cardiovascular hospitalization assessed at 6 months postoperatively. The primary end point occurred in 6% of patients assigned to dAPT and 10% of patients randomized to aspirin-monotherapy (relative risk 0.61, 95% confidence interval 0.25 to 1.51, p = 0.33). No significant treatment effect was noted in the occurrence of the safety end point. The total incidence of bleeding events was 25% and 19% in the dAPT and aspirin-monotherapy groups, respectively (relative risk 1.34, 95% confidence interval 0.80 to 2.23, p = 0.33). In the subgroup analysis, dAPT led to lower rates of adverse events in patients with a body mass index >30 kg/m2 (0% vs 18%, p <0.01) and those <65 years (0% vs 10%, p = 0.02). In conclusion, the addition of clopidogrel in patients found to be aspirin resistant after coronary artery bypass grafting did not reduce the incidence of adverse events, nor did it increase the number of recorded bleeding events. dAPT did, however, lower the incidence of the primary end point in obese patients and those <65 years
Towards a Concurrent and Distributed Route Selection for Payment Channel
  Networks

Payment channel networks use off-chain transactions to provide virtually
arbitrary transaction rates. In this paper, we provide a new perspective on
payment channels and consider them as a flow network. We propose an extended
push-relabel algorithm to find payment flows in a payment channel network. Our
algorithm enables a distributed and concurrent execution without violating
capacity constraints. To this end, we introduce the concept of capacity
locking. We prove that flows are valid and present first results.Comment: 8 page
Direct Monitoring of the Excited State Population in Biased SiGe Valence Band Quantum Wells by Femtosecond Resolved Photocurrent Experiments

<p>The authors report a direct measurement of the optical phonon intersubband hole relaxation time in a SiGe heterostructure and a quantitative determination of hole relaxation under electrically active conditions. The results were obtained by femtosecond resolved pump-pump photocurrent experiments using a free electron laser (wavelength 7.9 mu m). Additionally, the intensity dependence of the nonlinear photocurrent response was measured. Both types of experiments were simulated using a density matrix description. With one parameter set, a consistent modeling was achieved confirming the significance of the extracted heavy hole relaxation times. For an intersublevel spacing of 160 meV, a value of 550 fs was obtained. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.</p
Adaptive systems for multimedia information retrieval

Multimedia information retrieval poses both technical and\ud
design challenges beyond those of established text retrieval. These issues extend both to the entry of search requests, system interation and the browsing of retrieved content, and the methodologies and techniques for content indexing. Prototype multimedia information retrieval systems\ud
are currently being developed which enable the exploration of both the user interaction and technical issues. The suitability of the solutions developed within these systems is currently being explored in the annual TRECVID evaluation workshops which enable researchers to test their\ud
indexing and retrieval algorithms and complete systems on common tasks and datasets
Studying the laws of software evolution in a long-lived FLOSS project

ome free, open-source software projects have been around for quite a long time, the longest living ones dating from the early 1980s. For some of them, detailed information about their evolution is available in source code management systems tracking all their code changes for periods of more than 15 years. This paper examines in detail the evolution of one of such projects, glibc, with the main aim of understanding how it evolved and how it matched Lehman's laws of software evolution. As a result, we have developed a methodology for studying the evolution of such long-lived projects based on the information in their source code management repository, described in detail several aspects of the history of glibc, including some activity and size metrics, and found how some of the laws of software evolution may not hold in this cas
Seismic stratigraphic record of the Amundsen Sea Embayment shelf from pre-glacial to recent times: Evidence for a dynamic West Antarctic Ice Sheet

Studies of the sedimentary architecture and characteristics of the Antarctic continental margin provide clues about past ice sheet advance-retreat cycles and help improve constraints for paleo-ice dynamic models since early glacial periods. A first seismostratigraphic analysis of the Amundsen Sea Embayment shelf and slope of West Antarctica reveals insights into the structural architecture of the continental margin and shows stages of sediment deposition, erosion and transport reflecting the history from pre-glacial times to early glaciation and to the late Pleistocene glacial-interglacial cycles. The shelf geometry consists of a large pre- and syn-rift basin in the middle shelf region between basement cropping out on the inner shelf and buried basement ridge and highs on the outer shelf. A subordinate basin within the large basin on the mid-shelf may be associated with motion along an early West Antarctic Rift System branch. At least 4 km of pre-glacial strata have been eroded from the present inner shelf and coastal hinterland by glacial processes. Six major sedimentary units (ASS-1 to ASS-6) separated by five major erosional unconformities (ASS-u1 to ASS-u5) are distinguished from bottom to top. Unconformity ASS-u4 results from a major truncational event by glacial advance to the middle and outer shelf, which was followed by several episodes of glacial advance and retreat as observed from smaller-scale truncational unconformities within the units above ASS-u4. Some of the eroded sediments were deposited as a progradional wedge that extends the outer shelf by 25 to 65 km oceanward of the pre-glacial shelf-break. We compare the observed seismic characteristics with those of other Antarctic shelf sequences and assign an Early Cretaceous age to bottom sedimentary unit ASS-1, a Late Cretaceous to Oligocene age to unit ASS-2, an Early to Mid-Miocene age to unit ASS-3, a Mid-Miocene age to unit ASS-4, a Late Miocene to Early Pliocene age to unit ASS-5, and a Pliocene to Pleistocene age to the top unit ASS-6. Buried grounding zone wedges in the upper part of unit ASS-5 on the outer shelf suggest pronounced warming phases and ice sheet retreats during the early Pliocene as observed for the Ross Sea shelf and predicted by paleo-ice sheet models. Our data also reveal that on the middle and outer shelf the flow-path of the Pine Island-Thwaites paleo-ice stream system has remained stationary in the central Pine Island Trough since the earliest glacial advances, which is different from the Ross Sea shelf where glacial troughs shifted more dynamically. This study and its stratigraphic constraints will serve as a basis for future drilling operations required for an improved understanding of processes and mechanisms leading to change in the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, such as the contemporary thinning and grounding line retreat in the Amundsen Sea drainage sector
Polypropylene foam behaviour under dynamic loadings: Strain rate, density and microstructure effects

Expanded polypropylene foams (EPP) can be used to absorb shock energy. The performance of these
foams has to be studied as a function of several parameters such as density, microstructure and also the
strain rate imposed during dynamic loading. The compressive stress–strain behaviour of these foams has
been investigated over a wide range of engineering strain rates from 0.01 to 1500 s 1 in order to
demonstrate the effects of foam density and strain rate on the initial collapse stress and the hardening
modulus in the post-yield plateau region. A flywheel apparatus has been used for intermediate strain
rates of about 200 s 1 and higher strain rate compression tests were performed using a viscoelastic Split
Hopkinson Pressure Bar apparatus (SHPB), with nylon bars, at strain rates around 1500 s 1 EPP foams of
various densities from 34 to 150 kgm 3 were considered and microstructural aspects were examined
using two particular foams. Finally, in order to assess the contribution of the gas trapped in the closed
cells of the foams, compression tests in a fluid chamber at quasi-static and dynamic loading velocities
were performed
Operator Space theory: a natural framework for Bell inequalities

In this letter we show that the field of Operator Space Theory provides a
general and powerful mathematical framework for arbitrary Bell inequalities, in
particular regarding the scaling of their violation within quantum mechanics.
We illustrate the power of this connection by showing that bipartite quantum
states with local Hilbert space dimension n can violate a Bell inequality by a
factor of order $\frac{\sqrt{n}}{\log^2n}$ when observables with n possible
outcomes are used. Applications to resistance to noise, Hilbert space dimension
estimates and communication complexity are given.Comment: Short (non-technical) version of arXiv:0910.422
Further studies of the photoproduction of isolated photons with a jet at HERA

In this extended analysis using the ZEUS detector at HERA, the photoproduction of isolated photons together with a jet is measured for different ranges of the fractional photon energy, x γ meas , contributing to the photon-jet final state. Cross sections are evaluated in the photon transverse-energy and pseudorapidity ranges 6 < E T γ < 15 GeV and −0 . 7 < η γ < 0 . 9, and for jet transverse-energy and pseudorapidity ranges 4 < E T jet < 35 GeV and −1 . 5 < η jet < 1 . 8, for an integrated luminosity of 374 pb −1 . The kinematic observables studied comprise the transverse energy and pseudorapidity of the photon and the jet, the azimuthal difference between them, the fraction of proton energy taking part in the interaction, and the difference between the pseudorapidities of the photon and the jet. Higher-order theoretical calculations are compared to the results
Remarks on brane and antibrane dynamics

We develop the point of view that brane actions should be understood in the context of effective field theory, and that this is the correct way to treat classical as well as loop divergences. We illustrate this idea in a simple model. We then consider the implications for the dynamics of antibranes in flux backgrounds, focusing on the simplest case of a single antibrane. We argue that that effective field theory gives a valid description of the antibrane, and that there is no instability in this approximation. Further, conservation laws exclude possible nonperturbative decays, aside from the well-known NS5-brane instanton
On the implementation of the continuum shell finite element SHB8PS and application to sheet forming simulation

In this contribution, the formulation of the SHB8PS continuum shell finite element is extended to anisotropic elastic-plastic behavior models with combined isotropic-kinematic hardening at large deformations. The resulting element is then implemented into the commercial implicit finite element code Abaqus/Standard via the UEL subroutine. The SHB8PS element is an eight-node, three-dimensional brick with displacements as the only degrees of freedom and a preferential direction called the thickness. A reduced integration scheme is adopted using an arbitrary number of integration points along the thickness direction and only one integration point in the other directions. The hourglass modes due to this reduced integration are controlled using a physical stabilization technique together with an assumed strain method for the elimination of locking. Therefore, the element can be used to model thin structures while providing an accurate description of the various through-thickness phenomena. Its performance is assessed through several applications involving different types of non-linearities: geometric, material and that induced by contact. Particular attention is given to springback prediction for a NUMISHEET benchmark problem.ANR Formef & Région Lorrain
Influence of pharmacogenetics on indinavir disposition and short-term response in HIV patients initiating HAART.

International audienceAIMS: To assess the relationship between genetic polymorphisms and indinavir pharmacokinetic variability and to study the link between concentrations and short-term response or metabolic safety. METHODS: Forty protease inhibitor-naive patients initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) including indinavir/ritonavir and enrolled in the COPHAR 2-ANRS 111 trial were studied. At week 2, four blood samples were taken before and up to 6 h following drug intake. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using the stochastic approximation expectation maximization (SAEM) algorithm implemented in MONOLIX software. The area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and maximum (C(max)) and trough concentrations (C(trough)) of indinavir were derived from the population model and tested for their correlation with short-term viral response and safety measurements, while for ritonavir, these same three parameters were tested for their correlation with short-term biochemical safety RESULTS: A one-compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination best described both indinavir and ritonavir concentrations. For indinavir, the estimated clearance and volume of distribution were 22.2 L/h and 97.3 L, respectively. The eight patients with the *1B/*1B genotype for the CYP3A4 gene showed a 70% decrease in absorption compared to those with the *1A/*1B or *1A/*1A genotypes (0.5 vs. 2.1, P = 0.04, likelihood ratio test by permutation). The indinavir AUC and C(trough) were positively correlated with the decrease in human immunodeficiency virus RNA between week 0 and week 2 (r = 0.4, P = 0.03 and r = -0.4, P = 0.03, respectively). Patients with the *1B/*1B genotype also had a significantly lower indinavir C(max) (median 3.6, range 2.1-5.2 ng/mL) than those with the *1A/*1B or *1A/*1A genotypes (median 4.4, range 2.2-8.3 ng/mL) (P = 0.04) and a lower increase in triglycerides during the first 4 weeks of treatment (median 0.1, range -0.7 to 1.4 vs. median 0.6, range -0.5 to 1.7 mmol/L, respectively; P = 0.02). For ritonavir, the estimated clearance and volume of distribution were 8.3 L/h and 60.7 L, respectively, and concentrations were not found to be correlated to biochemical safety. Indinavir and ritonavir absorption rate constants were found to be correlated, as well as their apparent volumes of distribution and clearances, indicating correlated bioavailability of the two drugs. CONCLUSION: The CYP3A4*1B polymorphism was found to influence the pharmacokinetics of indinavir and, to some extent, the biochemical safety of indinavir
Mineral resource assessment: Compliance between Emergy and Exergy respecting Odum's hierarchy concept

International audienceIn this paper, authors suggest to combine the exergoecology and the emergy concept in order to evaluate mineral resources, taking into account their abundance, their chemical and physical properties and the impact of their extraction. The first proposition of this work is to consider that every group of mineral, dispersed in the Earth's crust, is a co-product of the latter. The specific emergies of dispersed minerals are, then, inversely proportional to their abundance. The results comply with the material hierarchy as the specific emergy of a dispersed mineral rise with its scarcity. The second is an emergy evaluation model based on the chemical and concentration exergy of the mineral, its condition in the mine and its abundance. This model permits to assess the decline of mineral reserves and its impact on the ecosystem. The dispersed specific emergy of 42 main commercially used minerals has been calculated. Furthermore, the emergy decrease of some Australian mineral reserves has been studied, as well as the land degradation of US copper mines
The relative importance of direct and indirect effects of hunting mortality on the population dynamics of brown bears

There is increasing evidence of indirect effects of hunting on populations.
In species with sexually selected infanticide (SSI), hunting may decrease
juvenile survival by increasing male turnover.We aimed to evaluate the relative
importance of direct and indirect effects of hunting via SSI on the population
dynamics of the Scandinavian brown bear (Ursus arctos). We performed prospective
and retrospective demographic perturbation analyses for periods
with low and high hunting pressures. All demographic rates, except yearling
survival, were lower under high hunting pressure, which led to a decline in
population growth under high hunting pressure (l ¼ 0.975; 95% CI ¼ 0.914–
1.011). Hunting had negative indirect effects on the population through an
increase in SSI, which lowered cub survival and possibly also fecundity rates.
Our study suggests that SSI could explain 13.6% of the variation in population
growth.Hunting also affected the relative importance of survival and fecundity
of adult females for population growth, with fecundity being more important
under low hunting pressure and survival more important under high hunting
pressure. Our study sheds light on the importance of direct and indirect effects
of hunting on population dynamics, and supports the contention that hunting
can have indirect negative effects on populations through SSI.
population dynamics, harvesting, brown bear,
sexually selected infanticide, behaviour,
carnivore, ecology, behaviou
North-South Climate Change Negotiations:<br />a Sequential Game with Asymmetric Information

http://www.springerlink.com/openurl.asp?genre=journal&issn=0048-5829International audienceThis article determines the conditions under which theSouthern countries should act together, or separately, while negotiating with the North about climate change policy and about the conditions for future Southern engagement. The paper models the international negotiations with complete and with asymmetric information in a dynamic framework. Results show that, depending on their characteristics, the different players can obtain benefits delaying the moment of the agreement