pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Sociodemographic predictors of latent class membership of problematic and disordered gamblers.

This paper reports a series of analyses examining the predictors of gambling subtypes identified from a latent class analysis of problem gambling assessment data, pooled from four health and gambling surveys conducted in Britain between 2007 and 2012. Previous analyses have indicated that gambling assessments have a consistent three class structure showing quantitative and potentially qualitative differences. Bringing this data together is useful for studying more severe problem gamblers, where the small number of respondents has been a chronic limitation of gambling prevalence research. Predictors were drawn from sociodemographic indicators and engagement with other legal addictive behaviours, namely smoking and alcohol consumption. The pooled data was entered into a multinomial logistic regression model in which class membership was regressed along a series of demographic variables and survey year, based on previous analyses of gambling prevalence data. The results identified multiple demographic differences (age, general health, SES, being single, membership of ethnic minority groups) between the non-problem and two classes endorsing some problem gambling indicators. Although these two groups tended to share a sociodemographic profile, the odds of being male, British Asian and a smoker increased between the three groups in line with problem gambling severity. Being widowed was also found to be associated with the most severe gambling class. A number of associations were also observed with other addictive behaviours. However these should be taken as indicative as these were limited subsamples of a single dataset. These findings identify specific groups in which gambling problems are more prevalent, and highlight the importance of the interaction between acute and determinant aspects of impulsivity, suggesting that a more complex account of impulsivity should be considered than is currently present in the gambling literature
The sexual adjustment process of cancer patients and their partners : a qualitative evidence synthesis

When confronted with cancer, a prominent challenge for patients and their partners is their changed sexual relationship. An empirically based theoretical model of the sexual adaptation process during cancer might be helpful in guiding the development of adequate interventions for couples who struggle with their sexual relationship. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to synthesize evidence from primary qualitative research studies and to arrive at a detailed description of the process of sexual adjustment during cancer. We conducted a qualitative evidence synthesis of a purposeful sample of 16 qualitative papers, using the meta-ethnography approach to synthesis. We found that the subsequent studies used different theoretical approaches to describe the sexual adaptation process. This led to three divergent sexual adaptation processes: (1) the pathway of grief and mourning, depicting sexual changes as a loss; (2) the pathway of restructuring, depicting the adjustment process toward sexual changes as a cognitive process with a strong focus on the social and cultural forces that shape the values and experiences of sexuality; and (3) the pathway of sexual rehabilitation, depicting sexual changes as a bodily dysfunction that needs treatment and specific behavioral strategies. All three pathways have their own opportunities and challenges. A greater awareness of these different pathways could help healthcare providers to better understand the ways a particular couple might cope with changed sexuality, offering them opportunities to discover alternative pathways for sexual adjustment
Search for associated production of dark matter with a Higgs boson decaying to $b\overline{b}$ or $\gamma \gamma$ at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV

A search for dark matter is performed looking for events with large missing transverse momentum and a Higgs boson decaying either to a pair of bottom quarks or to a pair of photons. The data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in 2015 with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 $fb^{−1}$. Results are interpreted in the context of a Z′-two-Higgs-doublet model, where the gauge symmetry of the standard model is extended by a $U(1)_{Z ′}$ group, with a new massive Z′ gauge boson, and the Higgs sector is extended with four additional Higgs bosons. In this model, a high-mass resonance Z′ decays into a pseudoscalar boson A and a light SM-like scalar Higgs boson, and the A decays to a pair of dark matter particles. No significant excesses are observed over the background prediction. Combining results from the two decay channels yields exclusion limits in the signal cross section in the $m_{Z ′} - m_{ A}$ phase space. For example, the observed data exclude the Z′ mass range from 600 to 1860 GeV, for Z′ coupling strength $g_{ Z ′}$ = 0.8, the coupling of A with dark matter particles $g_{ \chi}$ = 1, the ratio of the vacuum expectation values tan $\beta$ = 1, and $m_{ A}$ = 300 GeV. The results of this analysis are valid for any dark matter particle mass below 100 GeV
Long-lived K isomer and enhanced γ vibration in the neutron-rich nucleus ¹⁷²Dy: Collectivity beyond double midshell

The level structure of 172 Dy has been investigated for the first time by means of decay spectroscopy following in-flight fission of a 238 U beam. A long-lived isomeric state with T1/2=0.71(5) s and Kπ=8− has been identified at 1278 keV, which decays to the ground-state and γ -vibrational bands through hindered electromagnetic transitions, as well as to the daughter nucleus 172 Ho via allowed β decays. The robust nature of the Kπ=8− isomer and the ground-state rotational band reveals an axially-symmetric structure for this nucleus. Meanwhile, the γ -vibrational levels have been identified at unusually low excitation energy compared to the neighboring well-deformed nuclei, indicating the significance of the microscopic effect on the non-axial collectivity in this doubly mid-shell region. The underlying mechanism of enhanced γ vibration is discussed in comparison with the deformed Quasiparticle Random-Phase Approximation based on a Skyrme energy-density functional.This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant
No. 24740188, 25247045, and 25287065, STFC (UK authors) and
the UK National Measurement Office (PHR), the U.S. Department
of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under
Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357 (FGK), NRF Korea Grants No.
2009-0093817 and 2013R1A1A2063017 (CSL), 2014S1A2A2028636
and 2016K1A3A7A09005579 (KYC), and Science Foundation Ireland
under Grant No. 12/IP/1288 (OJR). The numerical calculations were
performed on SR16000 at YITP, Kyoto University, and on COMA
(PACS-IX) at CCS, University of Tsukuba
Modeling the polarization of high-energy radiation from accreting black holes: A case study of XTE J1118+480

Context. The high-energy emission (400 keV-2 MeV) of Cygnus X-1, which is the best-studied Galactic black hole, was recently found to be strongly polarized. The origin of this radiation is still unknown. Aims. We suggest that the emission is the result of non-thermal processes in the hot corona around the accreting compact object and study the polarization of high-energy radiation that is expected for black hole binaries. Methods. Two contributions to the total magnetic field were taken into account in our study: a small-scale random component related to the corona, and an ordered magnetic field associated with the accretion disk. The degree of polarization of gamma-ray emission for this particular geometry was estimated together with the angle of the polarization vector. Results. We obtain that the configuration of corona plus disk can account for the high degree of polarization of gamma-rays that are detected in galactic black holes and does not need to invoke a relativistic jet. We make specific predictions for sources in a low-hard state. In particular, the model is applied to the transient source XTE J1118+480. We show that if a new outburst of XTE J1118+480 is observed, then its gamma-ray polarization should be measurable by future instruments, such as ASTRO-H or the proposed ASTROGAM.Fil: Vieyro, Florencia Laura. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata; ArgentinaFil: Romero, Gustavo Esteban. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comision de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - la Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Plata; ArgentinaFil: Chaty, S.. Institut Universitaire de France; Francia. Cea Saclay; Franci
Crisis Management and Political Decision Making Using Genetically Evolved Fuzzy Cognitive Maps

This paper examines the use of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) as a technique for modeling political and crisis situations and supporting the decision-making process. FCMs use notions borrowed from artificial intelligence and neural networks to combine concepts and causal relationships, in the form of dynamic models that describe a given political setting. The present work proposes the use of the Genetically Evolved Certainty Neuron Fuzzy Cognitive Map (GECNFCM) as an extension of Certainty Neuron Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (CNFCMs) aiming at overcoming the main weaknesses of the latter, namely the recalculation of the weights corresponding to each concept every time a new strategy is adopted. This novel technique combines CNFCMs with Genetic Algorithms (GAs), the advantage of which lies with their ability to offer the optimal solution without a problem-solving strategy, once the requirements are defined. We demonstrate the value of such a hybrid technique in the context of a model reflecting the complexity of the Cyprus problem. The scenario analysis performed makes decision makers aware of political uncertainties, while multiple scenario analysis brings uncertainty into the decision process by combining it with different future states.
You have email, what happens next? Tracking the eyes for genre

This paper reports on an approach to the analysis of form (layout and formatting) during genre recognition recorded using eye tracking. The researchers focused on eight different types of e-mail, such as calls for papers, newsletters and spam, which were chosen to represent different genres. The study involved the collection of oculographic behavior data based on the scanpath duration and scanpath length based metric, to highlight the ways in which people view the features of genres. We found that genre analysis based on purpose and form (layout features, etc.) was an effective means of identifying the characteristics of these e-mails. The research, carried out on a group of 24 participants, highlighted their interaction and interpretation of the e-mail texts and the visual cues or features perceived. In addition, the ocular strategies of scanning and skimming, they employed for the processing of the texts by block, genre and representation were evaluated
Optimising monitoring in the management of Crohn's disease: a physician's perspective.

Management of Crohn's disease has traditionally placed high value on subjective symptom assessment; however, it is increasingly appreciated that patient symptoms and objective parameters of inflammation can be disconnected. Therefore, strategies that objectively monitor inflammatory activity should be utilised throughout the disease course to optimise patient management. Initially, a thorough assessment of the severity, location and extent of disease is needed to ensure a correct diagnosis, identify any complications, help assess prognosis and select appropriate therapy. During follow-up, clinical decision-making should be driven by disease activity monitoring, with the aim of optimising treatment for tight disease control. However, few data exist to guide the choice of monitoring tools and the frequency of their use. Furthermore, adaption of monitoring strategies for symptomatic, asymptomatic and post-operative patients has not been well defined. The Annual excHangE on the ADvances in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD Ahead) 2011 educational programme, which included approximately 600 gastroenterologists from 36 countries, has developed practice recommendations for the optimal monitoring of Crohn's disease based on evidence and/or expert opinion. These recommendations address the need to incorporate different modalities of disease assessment (symptom and endoscopic assessment, measurement of biomarkers of inflammatory activity and cross-sectional imaging) into robust monitoring. Furthermore, the importance of measuring and recording parameters in a standardised fashion to enable longitudinal evaluation of disease activity is highlighted.Peer reviewe
In search of the origins and enduring impact of agile software\ud
development

The Agile Manifesto is a philosophical touchpoint for all agile\ud
software development (ASD) methods. We examine the manifesto\ud
and some of its associated agile methods in an effort to identify\ud
the major impacts of ASD. We have encountered some difficulty\ud
in delineating agile and non-agile software processes, which is\ud
partially the result of terminological confusion. It is clear from the\ud
volume of published research that ASD has made a significant\ud
contribution, and we have identified two lasting and important\ud
impacts. Firstly, the reduction in iteration durations and secondly,\ud
the push for reduced levels of documentation (especially in\ud
relation to software requirements). Other aspects of the Agile\ud
Manifesto may not have exerted a significant impact; for example,\ud
the use of tooling to automate processes has become central to\ud
continuous software engineering (CSE) and may not be wholly\ud
congruent with the manifesto. Furthermore, many organisations\ud
may still rely on business contracts despite calls in the manifesto\ud
for greater levels of informal customer collaboration
Top guns may not fire:Best-shot group contests with group-specific public good prizes

We analyze a group contest in which n groups compete to win a group-specific public good prize. Group sizes can be different and any player may value the prize differently within and across groups. Players exert costly efforts simultaneously and independently. Only the highest effort (the best-shot) within each group represents the group effort that determines the winning group. We fully characterize the set of equilibria and show that in any equilibrium at most one player in each group exerts strictly positive effort. There always exists an equilibrium in which only the highest value player in each active group exerts strictly positive effort. However, perverse equilibria may exist in which the highest value players completely free-ride on others by exerting no effort. We provide conditions under which the set of equilibria can be restricted and discuss contest design implications
Optimal strategies for Aedes aegypti mosquito control via transgenic and sterile insect techniques: endemics and emerging outbreaks

The invasion of pest insects often changes or destroys a native ecosystem, and can result in food shortages and disease endemics. Issues such as the environmental effects of chemical control methods, the economic burden of maintaining control strategies and the risk of pest resistance still remain, and mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever prevail in many countries, infecting over 100 million worldwide in 2010. One environmentally friendly method for mosquito control is the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). This species-specific method of insect control relies on the mass rearing, sterilization and release of large numbers of sterile insects. An alternative transgenic method is the Release of Insects carrying a Dominant Lethal (RIDL). Our objective is to consider contrasting control strategies for two invasive scenarios via SIT and RIDL: an endemic case and an emerging outbreak. We investigate how the release rate and size of release region influence both the potential for control success and the resources needed to achieve it, under a range of conditions and control strategies, and we discuss advantageous strategies with respect to reducing the release resources and strategy costs (in terms of control mosquito numbers) required to achieve complete eradication of wild-type mosquitoes
Admiration regulates social hierarchy: Antecedents, dispositions, and effects on intergroup behavior.

notes: PMCID: PMC3657193types: JOURNAL ARTICLEThis is an open access article that is freely available in ORE or from the publisher's web site. Please cite the published version.In four studies, we report evidence that admiration affects intergroup behaviors that regulate social hierarchy. We demonstrate that manipulating the legitimacy of status relations affects admiration for the dominant and that this emotion negatively predicts political action tendencies aimed at social change. In addition, we show that greater warmth and competence lead to greater admiration for an outgroup, which in turn positively predicts deferential behavior and intergroup learning. We also demonstrate that, for those with a disposition to feel admiration, increasing admiration for an outgroup decreases willingness to take political action against that outgroup. Finally, we show that when the object of admiration is a subversive "martyr," admiration positively predicts political action tendencies and behavior aimed at challenging the status quo. These findings provide the first evidence for the important role of admiration in regulating social hierarchy.Economic and Social Research Counci
Perception of relative depth interval: Systematic biases in perceived depth

Given an estimate of the binocular disparity between a pair of points and an estimate of the viewing distance, or knowledge of eye position, it should be possible to obtain an estimate of their depth separation. Here we show that, when points are arranged in different vertical geometric configurations across two intervals, many observers find this task difficult. Those who can do the task tend to perceive the depth interval in one configuration as very different from depth in the other configuration. We explore two plausible explanations for this effect. The first is the tilt of the empirical vertical horopter: Points perceived along an apparently vertical line correspond to a physical line of points tilted backwards in space. Second, the eyes can rotate in response to a particular stimulus. Without compensation for this rotation, biases in depth perception would result. We measured cyclovergence indirectly, using a standard psychophysical task, while observers viewed our depth configuration. Biases predicted from error due either to cyclovergence or to the tilted vertical horopter were not consistent with the depth configuration results. Our data suggest that, even for the simplest scenes, we do not have ready access to metric depth from binocular disparity. © 2012 Copyright The Experimental Psychology Society
Macroscopic magnetic guide for cold atoms

We demonstrate a macroscopic magnetic guide for cold atoms with suppressed
longitudinal field curvature which is highly desired for atom interferometry.
The guide is based on macroscopic copper tape coils in a copropagating currents
geometry, where the atoms are located between the coils few cm away from each
surface. The symmetric geometry provides a much lower magnetic field curvature
per fixed length that promises longer coherence time for atom interferometers.
A double-tape design of each coil allows a smooth translation of guided atoms
without addition of an external bias field. The guide is also immune from the
current and thermal noise by virtue of the turns averaging and a large working
distance, respectively. We present the experimental results of guide
application to atom interferometry
Unitarity constraints on charged pion photoproduction at large p_perp

Around $\theta_{\pi}= 90^\circ$, the coupling to the $\rho^\circ N$ channel
leads to a good accounting of the charged pion exclusive photoproduction cross
section in the energy range 3 $<E_{\gamma}<$ 10 GeV, where experimental data
exist. Starting from a Regge Pole approach that successfully describes vector
meson production, the singular part of the corresponding box diagrams (where
the intermediate vector meson-baryon pair propagates on-shell) is evaluated
without any further assumptions (unitarity). Such a treatment provides an
explanation of the $s^{-7}$ scaling of the cross section. Elastic rescattering
of the charged pion improves the basic Regge pole model at forward and backward
angles.Comment: 5 pages; 6 figure
Yang-Mills instantons and dyons on homogeneous G_2-manifolds

We consider Lie G-valued Yang-Mills fields on the space R x G/H, where G/H is
a compact nearly K"ahler six-dimensional homogeneous space, and the manifold R
x G/H carries a G_2-structure. After imposing a general G-invariance condition,
Yang-Mills theory with torsion on R x G/H is reduced to Newtonian mechanics of
a particle moving in R^6, R^4 or R^2 under the influence of an inverted
double-well-type potential for the cases G/H = SU(3)/U(1)xU(1),
Sp(2)/Sp(1)xU(1) or G_2/SU(3), respectively. We analyze all critical points and
present analytical and numerical kink- and bounce-type solutions, which yield
G-invariant instanton configurations on those cosets. Periodic solutions on S^1
x G/H and dyons on iR x G/H are also given.Comment: 1+26 pages, 14 figures, 6 miniplot
Phase Transitions in Confined Antiferromagnets

Confinement effects on the phase transitions in antiferromagnets are studied
as a function of the surface coupling v and the surface field h for bcc(110)
films. Unusual topologies for the phase diagram are attained for particular
combinations of v and h. It is shown that some of the characteristics of the
finite-temperature behavior of the system are driven by its low-temperature
properties and consequently can be explained in terms of a ground-state
analysis. Cluster variation free energies are used for the investigation of the
finite temperature behavior.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Conference proceedings (SLAFES-XV), Phys. Stat.
  Sol.(b), in pres
A Converse Hawking-Unruh Effect and dS^2/CFT Correspondance

Given a local quantum field theory net A on the de Sitter spacetime dS^d,
where geodesic observers are thermalized at Gibbons-Hawking temperature, we
look for observers that feel to be in a ground state, i.e. particle evolutions
with positive generator, providing a sort of converse to the Hawking-Unruh
effect. Such positive energy evolutions always exist as noncommutative flows,
but have only a partial geometric meaning, yet they map localized observables
into localized observables.
  We characterize the local conformal nets on dS^d. Only in this case our
positive energy evolutions have a complete geometrical meaning. We show that
each net has a unique maximal expected conformal subnet, where our evolutions
are thus geometrical.
  In the two-dimensional case, we construct a holographic one-to-one
correspondence between local nets A on dS^2 and local conformal non-isotonic
families (pseudonets) B on S^1. The pseudonet B gives rise to two local
conformal nets B(+/-) on S^1, that correspond to the H(+/-)-horizon components
of A, and to the chiral components of the maximal conformal subnet of A. In
particular, A is holographically reconstructed by a single horizon component,
namely the pseudonet is a net, iff the translations on H(+/-) have positive
energy and the translations on H(-/+) are trivial. This is the case iff the
one-parameter unitary group implementing rotations on dS^2 has
positive/negative generator.Comment: The title has changed. 38 pages, figures. To appear on Annales H.
  Poincare