pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Pentaquarks from intrinsic charms in Λb decays

AbstractWe study the three-body Λb decays of Λb→J/ψpM with M=K− and π−. The two new states Pc1≡Pc(4380)+ and Pc2≡Pc(4450)+ observed recently as the resonances in the J/ψp invariant mass spectrum of Λb→J/ψpK− can be identified to consist of five quarks, uudcc¯, being consistent with the existence of the pentaquark states. We argue that, in the doubly charmful Λb decays of Λb→J/ψpK− through b→cc¯s, apart from those through the non-resonant Λb→pK− and resonant Λb→Λ⁎→pK− transitions, the third contribution with the non-factorizable effects is not the dominant part for the resonant Λb→K−Pc1,c2,Pc1,c2→J/ψp processes, such that we propose that the Pc1,c2 productions are mainly from the charmless Λb decays through b→u¯us, in which the cc¯ content in Pc1,c2 arises from the intrinsic charms within the Λb baryon. We hence predict the observables related to the branching ratios and the direct CP violating asymmetries to be B(Λb→π−(Pc1,c2→)J/ψp)/B(Λb→K−(Pc1,c2→)J/ψp)=0.58±0.05, ACP(Λb→π−(Pc1,c2→)J/ψp)=(−7.4±0.9)%, and ACP(Λb→K−(Pc1,c2→)J/ψp)=(+6.3±0.2)%, which can alleviate the inconsistency between the theoretical expectations from the three contributions in the doubly charmful Λb decays and the observed data
Enhancement of redox stability and electrical conductivity by doping various metals on ceria, Ce1−xMxO2−δ (M = Ni, Cu, Co, Mn, Ti, Zr)

AbstractVarious metal oxide materials have been actively investigated to improve energy efficiency as exhaust-catalyst as well as electrodes in electrochemical devices such as fuel cells, ceramic sensors, photo-catalyst etc. Ceria-based materials are of great interest due to their wide applications; such as redox or oxygen storage promoter in automotive catalyst and solid state conductor in fuel cells. Here we report redox and electrical properties for Ce1−xMxO2−δ (M = Ni, Cu, Co, Mn, Ti, Zr) by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and simultaneous thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA). Among various system, Ce1−xCuxO2−δ and Ce1−xNixO2−δ indicated relatively reversible redox behavior, although Cu2+ and Ni2+ had limited solid solubility in CeO2. The enhancement of oxygen carrier concentration and electrical conductivity as well as electrochemical activity in the ceria lattice by the introduction of small amounts transition metal cations have been considered in this study. Ce0.7Cu0.3O2−δ showed about 1015 μmol[O2]/g of oxygen storage capacity (OSC) with high redox stability at 700 °C. We also demonstrated that Ce0.9Ni0.1O2−δ was used as an anode of the YSZ electrolyte supported SOFC single cell; the maximum power density was 0.15 W/cm2 at 850 °C with hydrogen fuel
Shaping Fission Yeast Cells by Rerouting Actin-Based Transport on Microtubules

SummaryKinesins and myosins transport cargos to specific locations along microtubules and actin filaments, respectively. The relative contribution of the two transport systems for cell polarization varies extensively in different cell types, with some cells relying exclusively on actin-based transport while others mainly use microtubules. Using fission yeast, we asked whether one transport system can substitute for the other. In this organism, microtubules and actin cables both contribute to polarized growth by transporting cargos to cell poles, but with distinct roles: microtubules transport landmarks to label cell poles for growth and actin assembly but do not directly contribute to the growth process [1]. Actin cables serve as tracks for myosin V delivery of growth vesicles to cell poles [2–4]. We engineered a chimera between the motor domain of the kinesin 7 Tea2 and the globular tail of the myosin V Myo52, which we show transports Ypt3, a myosin cargo receptor, to cell poles along microtubules. Remarkably, this chimera restores polarized growth and viability to cells lacking actin cables. It also bypasses the normal microtubule-dependent marking of cell poles for polarized growth, but not for other functions. Thus, a synthetic motor protein successfully redirects cargos along a distinct cytoskeletal route.Video Abstrac
Response of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) and soilproperties to different mulch materials in different cropping seasons

The type of materials used as mulch and season of application may determine its impact on soil physicaland chemical properties and crop yield. Hence, field experiments were carried out during 2015 (dry) and2016 (wet) cropping seasons to determine the effect of various mulch materials on soil properties, leafnutrient composition, yield and growth of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench). The experimentconsisted of four mulch materials (a) Pueraria phaseoloides, (b) Mucuna pruriens, (c) Pennisetum pur-pureum), (d) Panicum maximum and a control (no mulch application). The five treatments were arrangedin a randomized complete block design with four replications. Application of mulch reduced bulk den-sity, soil temperature and increased porosity, soil moisture content, pH, OM, soil and leaf N, P, K, Ca, Mg,pod yield and growth of okra compared with the control. Legume mulch materials (LMM) (Pueraria andMucuna) produced higher values of OM, N, P, K, Ca and Mg compared with grass mulch materials (GMM)(Pennisetum and Panicum) in both seasons. GMM significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced bulk density and soiltemperature and increased porosity and moisture content compared with the LMM in 2015. The correla-tion coefficient showed that the yield of okra in 2015 was dependent on soil physical properties while theyield in 2016 was dependent on soil chemical properties. GMM in 2015 produced 49% and 158% higherpod yield compared with LMM and the control, respectively. LMM increased the pod yield of okra in 2016by 56% and 122% compared with GMM and the control, respectively. Therefore the use of grass materialsas mulch in the dry season and the use of legume mulches during the wet season maximized yields
Electrical, structural, and chemical properties of HfO(2) films formed by electron beam evaporation

High dielectric constant hafnium oxide films were formed by electron beam (e-beam) evaporation on HF last terminated silicon (100) wafers. We report on the influence of low energy argon plasma (similar to 70 eV) and oxygen flow rate on the electrical, chemical, and structural properties of metal-insulator-silicon structures incorporating these e-beam deposited HfO(2) films. The use of the film-densifying low energy argon plasma during the deposition results in an increase in the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) values. We employ high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and medium energy ion scattering experiments to investigate and understand the mechanisms leading to the EOT increase. We demonstrate very good agreement between the interfacial silicon oxide thicknesses derived independently from XPS and HRTEM measurements. We find that the e-beam evaporation technique enabled us to control the SiO(x) interfacial layer thickness down to similar to 6 angstrom. Very low leakage current density (< 10(-4) A/cm(2)) is measured at flatband voltage +1 V into accumulation for an estimated EOT of 10.9 +/- 0.1 angstrom. Based on a combined HRTEM and capacitance-voltage (CV) analysis, employing a quantum-mechanical CV fitting procedure, we determine the dielectric constant (k) of HfO(2) films, and associated interfacial SiO(x) layers, formed under various processing conditions. The k values are found to be 21.2 for HfO(2) and 6.3 for the thinnest (similar to 6 angstrom) SiO(x) interfacial layer. The cross-wafer variations in the physical and electrical properties of the HfO(2) films are presented
Measurement of charged-particle spectra in Pb+Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Journal of High Energy Physics 2015.9 (2015): 050 reproduced by permission of Scuola
Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por muchos autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración y los autores que firman como pertenecientes a la UAMCharged-particle spectra obtained in Pb+Pb interactions at √
sNN = 2.76 TeV
and pp interactions at √
sNN = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC are presented,
using data with integrated luminosities of 0.15 nb−1 and 4.2 pb−1
, respectively, in
a wide transverse momentum (0.5 < pT < 150 GeV) and pseudorapidity (|η| < 2) range.
For Pb+Pb collisions, the spectra are presented as a function of collision centrality, which
is determined by the response of the forward calorimeters located on both sides of the interaction
point. The nuclear modification factors RAA and RCP are presented in detail as
a function of centrality, pT and η. They show a distinct pT-dependence with a pronounced
minimum at about 7 GeV. Above 60 GeV, RAA is consistent with a plateau at a centralitydependent
value, within the uncertainties. The value is 0.55 ± 0.01(stat.) ± 0.04(syst.) in
the most central collisions. The RAA distribution is consistent with flat |η| dependence
over the whole transverse momentum range in all centrality classesWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia;
BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of Americ
Measurement of Wboson angular distributions in events with high transverse momentum jets at √s=8TeVusing the ATLAS detector

The W   boson angular distribution in events with high transverse momentum jets is measured using data collected by the ATLAS experiment from proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy View the MathML sources=8 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−120.3 fb−1. The focus is on the contributions to W+jetsW+jets processes from real W emission, which is achieved by studying events where a muon is observed close to a high transverse momentum jet. At small angular separations, these contributions are expected to be large. Various theoretical models of this process are compared to the data in terms of the absolute cross-section and the angular distributions of the muon from the leptonic W decay
Search for a fermiophobic Higgs boson in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Combined results are reported from searches for a fermiophobic Higgs boson in the γγ WW, and ZZ decay modes in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7TeV. The explored Higgs boson mass range is 110-300 GeV. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.9-5.1 fb-1. A fermiophobic Higgs boson is excluded at 95% confidence level in the mass range 110-194 GeV, and at 99% confidence level in the mass ranges 110-124.5 GeV, 127-147.5 GeV, and 155-180 GeV.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Functional Identification of Tumor Suppressor Genes Through an in vivo RNA Interference Screen in a Mouse Lymphoma Model

Short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) capable of stably suppressing gene function by RNA interference (RNAi) can mimic tumor-suppressor-gene loss in mice. By selecting for shRNAs capable of accelerating lymphomagenesis in a well-characterized mouse lymphoma model, we identified over ten candidate tumor suppressors, including Sfrp1, Numb, Mek1, and Angiopoietin 2. Several components of the DNA damage response machinery were also identified, including Rad17, which acts as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor that responds to oncogenic stress and whose loss is associated with poor prognosis in human patients. Our results emphasize the utility of in vivo RNAi screens, identify and validate a diverse set of tumor suppressors, and have therapeutic implications.2010 April
Linking a storyline with multiple models: a cross-scale study of the UK power system transition

State-of-the-art scenario exercises in the energy and environment fields argue for combining qualitative storylines with quantitative modelling. This paper proposes an approach for linking a highly detailed storyline with multiple, diverse models. This approach is illustrated through a cross-scale study of the UK power system transition until 2050. The storyline, called Central Co-ordination, is linked with insights from six power system models and two appraisal techniques. First, the storyline is ‘translated’ into harmonised assumptions on power system targets for the models. Then, a new concept called the landscape of models is introduced. This landscape helps to map the key fields of expertise of individual models, including their temporal, spatial and disciplinary foci. The storyline is then assessed based on the cross-scale modelling results. While the storyline is important for transmitting information about governance and the choices of key actors, many targets aspired in it are inconsistent with modelling results. The storyline overestimates demand reduction levels, uptake of marine renewables and irreplaceability of carbon capture and storage. It underestimates the supply–demand balancing challenge, the need for back-up capacity and the role of nuclear power and interconnectors with Europe. Thus, iteratively linking storylines and models is key
Career development learning & work-integrated learning in Australian higher education: a discussion paper

[from Introduction] The national project Career Development Learning: Maximising the Contribution of Work-integrated Learning (WIL) to the Student Experience, focuses on the career development learning of Australian university students and graduates, and the provision of educational services and experiences that enhance and improve career development learning, including effective post-university transitions. Within these parameters, work-integrated learning is taken to be an educational vehicle for the provision of experiences that can contribute to career development learning.\ud
In summary, the project aims include:\ud
1)scoping the relationship between career development learning and work-integrated learning in higher education;\ud
2)analysing how the two can be integrated and synergized; and\ud
3)producing learning resources to support career development practitioners, academics, and employers in the delivery of career development learning and work-integrated learning
The spatial evolution of the chemotaxis proteins of the Bacillus subtilis group

The aim of this work was to study spatial evolution of the chemotaxis proteins of a group of plant-associated soil-dwelling bacteria vernacularly referred to as the B. subtilis group. This was achieved by creating homology models for the chemotaxis proteins if a suitable template was available, and by analysing the selective forces (positive, purifying or neutral) acting upon the chemotaxis proteins. Chemotaxis is the phenomenon in which bacteria direct their movement towards more favourable conditions, and is critical for processes such as obtaining nutrients, 
escaping toxic compounds, host colonization and bio-film formation. Members of the B. subtilis group exhibit different preferences for certain host plants, and it is therefore feasible that their chemotactic machinery are fine-tuned to respond optimally to the conditions of the various niches that the strains inhabit. Homology models were inferred for the plant growth promoting B. amyloliquefaciens FZB42 proteins CheB, CheC, CheD, CheR, CheW and CheY. The interactions between: CheC-CheD, the P1 and P2 domains of CheA with CheY and CheB, and the P4 and P5 domains of CheA with CheW were also modelled. The hydrophobic interactions contributing to intra- and inter-protein contacts were analysed. The models of the interactions between CheB and the various domains of CheA are of particular interest, because to date no structures have been solved that show an interaction between a histidine kinase (such as CheA) and a multidomain response regulator (such as CheB). Furthermore, evidence that phospho-CheB may inhibit the formation of phospho-CheY by competitively binding to the P2 domain of CheA is also presented. Proteins were analysed to determine if individual amino acid sites are under positive, neutral or purifying selection. The Methyl Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins (MCPs), CheA and CheV were also analyzed, but due to a lack of suitable templates, no homology models were constructed. Site-specific positive and purifying selection were estimated by comparing the ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous substitutions at each site in the sequences for the chemotaxis proteins as well as for the receptors McpA, McpB, and McpC. Homology models were coloured according to intensity of selective forces. It was found that the
chemotaxis proteins of member of the B. subtilis group are under strong evolutionary constraints, hence it is unlikely that positive selection in these proteins are responsible for the differences in habitat preference that these organism exhibit.
Neighbourhood social capital improves individual health quality of life in a national sample from Wales

Neighbourhood social capital is often claimed to improve health but in Britain this claim finds little support. I examine the effects of  neighbourhood social capital on the Welsh health quality of life in  2007 using instrumental variable estimator. By extending the  influential Grossman health production model and borrowing from the  Blume-Brock-Durlauf statistical mechanics of social interactions  model, suitable instruments for identification are readily  obtained. Instruments (neighbourhood ethnic diversity and residence  length) were collected from separate survey. Neighbourhood social  capital and deprivation measures were likewise independently  gathered from measures of individual socioeconomic status and health  (SF-36).  In the national sample there are 13,557 respondents  residing in 1,152 neighbourhoods.  Neighbourhood deprivations  invariably reduce individual health quality of life but  neighbourhood social capital more than compensate for this. Because  the instruments are strong enough to identify the effects, I show  that friendly neighbourhood and friendly neighbours, sense of  community in the neighbourhood, trust, ready exchange of information  and goods, and sense of belonging improve residents' health. Public  health practitioners have these measures as additional tools in  their box when formulating policy to improve public health.
America’s Underground Economy: Measuring the Size, Growth and Determinants of Income Tax Evasion in the U.S

Abstract

This study empirically investigates the extent of non compliance with the tax code and the determinants of federal income tax evasion in the U.S.  Employing the most recent data we find that 18-19% of total reportable income is not properly reported to the IRS, giving rise to a “tax gap” approaching $500 billion dollars. Three time periods are studied, 1960-2008, 1970-2008, and 1980-2008. It is found across study periods that income tax evasion is an increasing function of the average effective federal income tax rate, the unemployment rate, public dissatisfaction with government, and per capita real GDP (adopted as a measure of income), and a decreasing function of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 (during its first two years of being implemented). Modest evidence of a negative impact of IRS audit rates on tax evasion is also detected.
Brief Report: Suggestibility, compliance and psychological traits in autism spectrum disorder

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may be over-represented within the criminal justice system; it is therefore important to understand how they fare under police questioning. The present study examined interrogative suggestibility and compliance in individuals with ASD, and whether this is associated with certain psychological traits. Adults with ASD and their typical counterparts completed the Gudjonsson Suggestibility Scales (GSS), Gudjonsson Compliance Scale (GCS), and measures of state-trait anxiety, selfesteem, fear of negative evaluation by others and paranoia. In contrast to previous research (North, Russell, & Gudjonsson, 2008), there was no difference between the ASD and comparison groups on the measure of compliance, and groups also did not differ on any of the GSS measures, despite the ASD group reporting significantly higher paranoia. Findings indicate that individuals with ASD may be no more likely to succumb to interrogative pressures than their typical counterparts
The problem with ‘dots’: questioning the role of rationality in the online environment

Regulatory theorists often use the ‘dot’ as a metaphor to help conceptualise their models of a given environment. Lessig famously used the ‘pathetic dot’ in his classic, “Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace” and Murray’s “Regulation of Cyberspace” used interconnected dots to help describe networked communitarianism and to discuss the effectiveness and implementation of symbiotic regulation. However in both models, the dot is seen as a rational actor. The rational ‘dot’ is presumed to have a complete set of preferences and the ability to gather all the necessary information in order to make an informed decision that optimally reflect their choices and preferences. However, research from psychology and increasingly economics has shown that humans are often prone to making errors in judgements. The paper argues that using the metaphor of dots to describe how rational actors behave in the digital environment is problematic. Actors deploy heuristics when making judgements resulting in systematic errors and biases, often compromising assumptions of the regulator. Accordingly, the way actors behave in the online environment is not rational at all; thus, models built on rationality start from a false premise.Peer-reviewedPost-prin
The fractal structure of glycocen: A clever solution to optimize cell metabolism

Fractal objects are complex structures built with a simple procedure involving very little information. This has an obvious interest for living beings, because they are splendid examples of optimization to achieve the most efficient structure for a number of goals by means of the most economic way. The lung alveolar structure, the capillary network, and the structure of several parts of higher plant organization, such as ears, spikes, umbels, etc., are supposed to be fractals, and, in fact, mathematical functions based on fractal geometry algorithms can be developed to simulate them. However, the statement that a given biological structure is fractal should imply that the iterative process of its construction has a real biological meaning, i.e., that its construction in nature is achieved by means of a single genetic, enzymatic, or biophysical mechanism successively repeated; thus, such an iterative process should not be just an abstract mathematical tool to reproduce that object. This property has not been proven at present for any biological structure, because the mechanisms that build the objects mentioned above are unknown in detail. In this work, we present results that show that the glycogen molecule could be the first known real biological fractal structure