pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Implications of reduced turbidity current and landslide activity for the Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum - evidence from two distal, deep-water sites

Previous studies propose that submarine landslides and turbidity currents may become more likely due to future rapid global warming. Determining whether global warming increases likelihood assists in assessment of landslide-triggered tsunami hazards and risk to seafloor structures. Other studies propose that landslides helped to trigger past rapid climate change due to sudden release of gas hydrates. Two deep-water turbidite records show prolonged hiatuses in turbidity current activity during the Initial Eocene Thermal Maximum (IETM) at ∼55 Ma. The IETM represents a possible proxy for future anthropogenically-induced climate change. It is likely that our records mainly represent large and fast moving disintegrative submarine landslides. Statistical analysis of long term (>2.3 Myr) records shows that turbidity current frequency significantly decreased after the IETM. Our results indicate that rapid climate change does not necessarily cause increased turbidity current activity, and do not provide evidence for landslides as a primary trigger for the IETM
Genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 56 bone mineral density loci and reveals 14 loci associated with risk of fracture

Bone mineral density (BMD) is the most widely used predictor of fracture risk. We performed the largest meta-analysis to date on lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD, including 17 genome-wide association studies and 32,961 individuals of European and east Asian ancestry. We tested the top BMD-associated markers for replication in 50,933 independent subjects and for association with risk of low-trauma fracture in 31,016 individuals with a history of fracture (cases) and 102,444 controls. We identified 56 loci (32 new) associated with BMD at genome-wide significance (<i>P</i> &#60; 5 &#x000D7; 10<sup>&#x02212;8</sup>). Several of these factors cluster within the RANK-RANKL-OPG, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, endochondral ossification and Wnt signaling pathways. However, we also discovered loci that were localized to genes not known to have a role in bone biology. Fourteen BMD-associated loci were also associated with fracture risk (<i>P</i> &#60; 5 &#x000D7; 10<sup>&#x02212;4</sup>, Bonferroni corrected), of which six reached <i>P</i> &#60; 5 &#x000D7; 10<sup>&#x02212;8</sup>, including at 18p11.21 (<i>FAM210A</i>), 7q21.3 (<i>SLC25A13</i>), 11q13.2 (<i>LRP5)</i>, 4q22.1 (<i>MEPE</i>), 2p16.2 (<i>SPTBN1</i>) and 10q21.1 (<i>DKK1</i>). These findings shed light on the genetic architecture and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying BMD variation and fracture susceptibility
Search for new resonances decaying via WZ to leptons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV

A search is performed in proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=8 TeV for exotic particles decaying via WZ to fully leptonic final states with electrons, muons, and neutrinos. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb$^{−1}$ . No significant excess is observed above the expected standard model background. Upper bounds at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of a W′ boson as predicted by an extended gauge model, and on the W′WZ coupling. The expected and observed mass limits for a W′ boson, as predicted by this model, are 1.55 and 1.47 TeV, respectively. Stringent limits are also set in the context of low-scale technicolor models under a range of assumptions for the model parameters
Measurement of the Z$\gamma$ production cross section in $pp$ collisions at 8 TeV and search for anomalous triple gauge boson couplings

The cross section for the production of Zγ in proton-proton collisions at 8 TeV is measured based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−1. Events with an oppositely-charged pair of muons or electrons together with an isolated photon are selected. The differential cross section as a function of the photon transverse momentum is measured inclusively and exclusively, where the exclusive selection applies a veto on central jets. The observed cross sections are compatible with the expectations of next-to-next-to-leading-order quantum chromodynamics. Limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings of ZZγ and Zγγ are set that improve on previous experimental results obtained with the charged lepton decay modes of the Z boson
Multiplicity dependence of pion, kaon, proton and lambda production in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

In this Letter, comprehensive results on π±, K±, K0 S , p(p) and ¯ Λ(Λ)¯ production at mid-rapidity (0 &lt; yCMS &lt; 0.5) in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV, measured by the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The transverse momentum distributions exhibit a hardening as a function of event multiplicity, which is stronger for heavier particles. This behavior is similar to what has been observed in pp and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC. The measured pT distributions are compared to d–Au, Au–Au and Pb– Pb results at lower energy and with predictions based on QCD-inspired and hydrodynamic models
Correlation functions of XX0 Heisenberg chain, q -binomial determinants, and random walks

The XX0 Heisenberg model on a cyclic chain is considered. The representation of the Bethe wave functions via the Schur functions allows to apply the well-developed theory of the symmetric functions to the calculation of the thermal correlation functions. The determinantal expressions of the form-factors and of the thermal correlation functions are obtained. The q -binomial determinants enable the connection of the form-factors with the generating functions both of boxed plane partitions and of self-avoiding lattice paths. The asymptotical behavior of the thermal correlation functions is studied in the limit of low temperature provided that the characteristic parameters of the system are large enough
Charge quantization and the Standard Model from the ℂℙ2 and ℂℙ3 nonlinear σ -models

We investigate charge quantization in the Standard Model (SM) through a ℂℙ2 nonlinear sigma model (NLSM), SU(3)G/(SU(2)H×U(1)H) , and a ℂℙ3 model, SU(4)G/(SU(3)H×U(1)H) . We also generalize to any ℂℙk model. Charge quantization follows from the consistency and dynamics of the NLSM, without a monopole or Grand Unified Theory, as shown in our earlier work on the ℂℙ1 model ( arXiv:1309.0692 ). We find that representations of the matter fields under the unbroken non-abelian subgroup dictate their charge quantization under the U(1)H factor. In the ℂℙ2 model the unbroken group is identified with the weak and hypercharge groups of the SM, and the Nambu–Goldstone boson (NGB) has the quantum numbers of a SM Higgs. There is the intriguing possibility of a connection with the vanishing of the Higgs self-coupling at the Planck scale. Interestingly, with some minor assumptions (no vector-like matter and minimal representations) and starting with a single quark doublet, anomaly cancellation requires the matter structure of a generation in the SM. Similar analysis holds in the ℂℙ3 model, with the unbroken group identified with QCD and hypercharge, and the NGB having the up quark as a partner in a supersymmetric model. This can motivate solving the strong CP problem with a vanishing up quark mass
Hyperkähler sigma model and field theory on Gibbons-Hawking spaces

We describe a novel deformation of the 3-dimensional sigma model with hyperkähler target, which arises naturally from the compactification of a 4-dimensional $ \mathcal{N} $ = 2 theory on a hyperkähler circle bundle (Gibbons-Hawking space). We derive the condition for which the deformed sigma model preserves 4 out of the 8 supercharges. We also study the contribution from a NUT center to the sigma model path integral, and find that supersymmetry implies it is a holomorphic section of a certain holomorphic line bundle over the hyperkähler target. We study explicitly the case where the original 4-dimensional theory is pure U(1) super Yang-Mills, and show that the contribution from a NUT center in this case is simply the Jacobi theta function
7 keV sterile neutrino dark matter in U(1) R -lepton number model

We study the phenomenology of a keV sterile neutrino in a supersymmetric model with U(1) R -lepton number in the light of a very recent observation of an X-ray line signal at around 3.5 keV, detected in the X-ray spectra of Andromeda galaxy and various galaxy clusters including the Perseus galaxy cluster. This model not only provides a small tree level mass to one of the active neutrinos but also renders a suitable warm dark matter candidate in the form of a sterile neutrino with negligible active-sterile mixing. Light neutrino masses and mixing can be explained once one-loop radiative corrections are taken into account. The scalar sector of this model can accommodate a Higgs boson with a mass of ∼125 GeV. In this model gravitino is the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) and we also study the cosmological implications of this light gravitino with mass ∼ O GeV $$ \sim \mathcal{O}\left(\mathrm{GeV}\right) $$
Neutron occupancy of the 0d5/2 orbital and the N=16 shell closure in 24 O

One-neutron knockout from 24 O leading to the first excited state in 23 O has been measured for a proton target at a beam energy of 62 MeV/nucleon. The decay energy spectrum of the neutron unbound state of 23 O was reconstructed from the measured four momenta of the 22 O fragment and emitted neutron. A sharp peak was found at Edecay=50±3 keV , corresponding to an excited state in 23 O at 2.78±0.11 MeV , as observed in previous measurements. The longitudinal momentum distribution for this state was consistent with d -wave neutron knockout, providing support for a Jπ assignment of 5/2+ . The associated spectroscopic factor was deduced to be C2S(0d5/2)=4.1±0.4 by comparing the measured cross section ( σ−1nexp=61±6 mb ) with a distorted wave impulse approximation calculation. Such a large occupancy for the neutron 0d5/2 orbital is in line with the N=16 shell closure in 24 O
CP violation and electric-dipole-moment at low energy τ production with polarized electrons

10 pages, 2 figures.-- ISI Article Identifier: 000243912400014.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/0610135Printed version published on Feb 12, 2007.The new proposals for high luminosity B/Flavor factories, near and on top of the Y resonances, allow for a detailed investigation of CP-violation in the τ-pair production. In particular, bounds on the tau electric dipole moment can be obtained of genuine CP-odd observables related to the τ-pair production. We perform an independent analysis from low energy (10 GeV) data by means of linear spin observables. We show that for a longitudinally polarized electron beam a CP-odd asymmetry, associated to the normal polarization term, can be measured at these low energy facilities both at resonant and non-resonant energies. In this way stringent and independent bounds to the tau electric dipole moment, which are orders of magnitude below other high or low energy previous bounds, can be obtained.This work has been supported by CONICYT-PDT-094-Uruguay, by MEC and FEDER, under the grants FPA2005-00711 and FPA2005-01678, and by Generalitat Valenciana under the grant GV05/264.Peer reviewe
Ground state particle-particle correlations and double-beta decay

A self-consistent formalism for the double-beta decay of Fermi type is provided. The particle-particle channel of the two-body interaction is considered first in the mean field equations and then in the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA). The resulting approach is called the QRPA with a self-consistent mean field (QRPASMF). The mode provided by QRPASMF does not collapse for any strength of the particle-particle interaction. The transition amplitude for double-beta decay is almost insensitive to the variation of the particle-particle interaction. Comparing it with the result of the standard pnQRPA, it is smaller by a factor of 6. The prediction for transition amplitude agrees quite well with the exact result. The present approach is the only one that produces a strong decrease of the amplitude and at the same time does not alter the stability of the ground state.Peer reviewe
Geometric ergodicity of a bead-spring pair with stochastic Stokes forcing

We consider a simple model for the fluctuating hydrodynamics of a flexible polymer in a dilute solution, demonstrating geometric ergodicity for a pair of particles that interact with each other through a nonlinear spring potential while being advected by a stochastic Stokes fluid velocity field. This is a generalization of previous models which have used linear spring forces as well as white-in-time fluid velocity fields. We follow previous work combining control theoretic arguments, Lyapunov functions, and hypo-elliptic diffusion theory to prove exponential convergence via a Harris chain argument. In addition we allow the possibility of excluding certain "bad" sets in phase space in which the assumptions are violated but from which the system leaves with a controllable probability. This allows for the treatment of singular drifts, such as those derived from the Lennard-Jones potential, which is a novel feature of this work. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Gaze training enhances laparoscopic technical skill acquisition and multi-tasking performance: A randomized, controlled study

Background: The operating room environment is replete with stressors and distractions that increase the attention demands of what are already complex psychomotor procedures. Contemporary research in other fields (e.g., sport) has revealed that gaze training interventions may support the development of robust movement skills. This current study was designed to examine the utility of gaze training for technical laparoscopic skills and to test performance under multitasking conditions. Methods: Thirty medical trainees with no laparoscopic experience were divided randomly into one of three treatment groups: gaze trained (GAZE), movement trained (MOVE), and discovery learning/control (DISCOVERY). Participants were fitted with a Mobile Eye gaze registration system, which measures eye-line of gaze at 25 Hz. Training consisted of ten repetitions of the "eye-hand coordination" task from the LAP Mentor VR laparoscopic surgical simulator while receiving instruction and video feedback (specific to each treatment condition). After training, all participants completed a control test (designed to assess learning) and a multitasking transfer test, in which they completed the procedure while performing a concurrent tone counting task. Results: Not only did the GAZE group learn more quickly than the MOVE and DISCOVERY groups (faster completion times in the control test), but the performance difference was even more pronounced when multitasking. Differences in gaze control (target locking fixations), rather than tool movement measures (tool path length), underpinned this performance advantage for GAZE training. Conclusions: These results suggest that although the GAZE intervention focused on training gaze behavior only, there were indirect benefits for movement behaviors and performance efficiency. Additionally, focusing on a single external target when learning, rather than on complex movement patterns, may have freed-up attentional resources that could be applied to concurrent cognitive tasks. © 2011 The Author(s).published_or_final_versionSpringer Open Choice, 21 Feb 201
New chemical profiles for the asteroseismolofy of ZZ Ceti stars

We compute new chemical profiles for the core and envelope of white dwarfs appropriate for pulsational studies of ZZ Ceti stars. These profiles are extracted from the complete evolution of progenitor stars, evolved through the main sequence and the thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stages, and from time-dependent\ud
element diffusion during white dwarf evolution. We discuss the importance of the initial–final mass relationship for the white dwarf carbon–oxygen composition. In particular, we find that the central oxygen abundance may be underestimated by about 15% if the white dwarf mass is assumed to be the hydrogen-free core mass before the first thermal pulse. We also discuss the  importance for the chemical profiles expected in the outermost layers of ZZ Ceti stars of the computation of the thermally pulsing AGB phase and of the phase in which element diffusion is relevant. We find a strong dependence of the outer layer chemical stratification on the stellar mass.\ud
In particular, in the less massive models, the double-layered structure in the helium layer built up during the thermally pulsing AGB phase is not removed by diffusion by the time the ZZ Ceti stage is reached. Finally,\ud
we perform adiabatic pulsation calculations and discuss the implications of our new chemical profiles for the pulsational properties of ZZ Ceti stars. We find that the whole g-mode period spectrum and the mode-trapping properties of these pulsating white dwarfs as derived from our new chemical profiles are substantially different\ud
from those based on chemical profiles widely used in existing asteroseismological studies. Thus, we expect the asteroseismological models derived from our chemical profiles to be significantly different from those found thus far.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Determining the chromatic number of triangle-free 2P3-free graphs in polynomial time.

Let 2P3 denote the disjoint union of two paths on three vertices. A graph G that has no subgraph isomorphic to a graph H is called H-free. The Vertex Coloring problem is the problem to determine the chromatic number of a graph. Its computational complexity for triangle-free H-free graphs has been classified for every fixed graph H on at most 6 vertices except for the case H=2P3. This remaining case is posed as an open problem by Dabrowski, Lozin, Raman and Ries. We solve their open problem by showing polynomial-time solvability
The geomorphology of the Anthropocene : emergence, status and implications.

The Anthropocene is proposed as a new interval of geological time in which human influence on Earth and its geological record dominates over natural processes. A major challenge in demarcating the Anthropocene is that the balance between human-influenced and natural processes varies over spatial and temporal scales owing to the inherent variability of both human activities (as associated with culture and modes of development) and natural drivers (e.g. tectonic activity and sea level variation). Against this backdrop, we consider how geomorphology might contribute towards the Anthropocene debate focussing on human impact on aeolian, fluvial, cryospheric and coastal process domains, and how evidence of this impact is preserved in landforms and sedimentary records. We also consider the evidence for an explicitly anthropogenic geomorphology that includes artificial slopes and other human-created landforms. This provides the basis for discussing the theoretical and practical contributions that geomorphology can make to defining an Anthropocene stratigraphy. It is clear that the relevance of the Anthropocene concept varies considerably amongst different branches of geomorphology, depending on the history of human actions in different process domains. For example, evidence of human dominance is more widespread in fluvial and coastal records than in aeolian and cryospheric records, so geomorphologically the Anthropocene would inevitably comprise a highly diachronous lower boundary. Even to identify this lower boundary, research would need to focus on the disambiguation of human effects on geomorphological and sedimentological signatures. This would require robust data, derived from a combination of modelling and new empirical work rather than an arbitrary ‘war of possible boundaries’ associated with convenient, but disputed, `golden spikes’. Rather than being drawn into stratigraphical debates, the primary concern of geomorphology should be with the investigation of processes and landform development, so providing the underpinning science for the study of this time of critical geological transition
Workplace pedometer interventions for increasing physical activity (review)

This review is published as a Cochrane Review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 4. Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to comments and criticisms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consulted for the most recent version of the Review.The World Health Organization recommends that most people should undertake at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity on most days, as it reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes and some cancers. However, less than 40% of the world’s population are undertaking adequate amounts of physical activity and rates have been declining. Here we assess whether pedometer workplace interventions increase physical activity and thereby lead to subsequent health benefits.\ud
To assess this, we searched for randomised controlled trials of workplace health promotion interventions that involved the use of a pedometer undertaken in employed adults. Between 30th January and 6th February 2012 we searched a range of electronic libraries and references of relevant papers, retrieving 3282 potential papers.\ud
We eventually included four studies in the review. One study compared pedometer programmes with an alternative physical activity programme, but there were important baseline differences between the intervention and control groups that made it difficult to distinguish the true effect. The three remaining studies compared pedometer programmes with minimally active control groups. One study observed an improvement in physical activity in the pedometer programme, but two other studies found no significant difference between the pedometer group and the control group. We could not combine these results together, as each study used a different measure for physical activity, so it is not clear what the overall effect is. Single studies found beneficial changes in body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, the mental component of quality of life and worksite injury associated with the pedometer programmes as opposed to the control group. However, none of the studies identified consistent differences between the pedometer programme and the control group for waist circumference, blood pressure and quality of life outcomes. In addition, we judged the majority of included studies to have a high risk of bias, mainly due to participants and staff knowing who was in the intervention and who was in the control group, attrition of participants and not having published a protocol prior to running the study.\ud
We conclude that there was insufficient evidence to assess whether workplace pedometer interventions are of benefit. There is a need for further high quality randomised controlled trials to be undertaken with a range of health outcomes and assessment in the long term
He migration and bubble formation in Ga stabilised delta-Pu

This is an Open Access Article. It is published by Elsevier under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/The migration and formation of He into bubbles in Ga stabilised δ-Pu has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. Formation energy calculations indicate that isolated He interstitial atoms are unfavourable and that it is preferential for He to reside as a substitutional atom at the expense of producing a Pu self-interstitial. Migration energy barrier calculations and on-the-fly kinetic Monte Carlo simulations support this result establishing that an interstitial He atom soon becomes substitutional, after which migration is unlikely unless assisted by local vacancies. He-vacancy cluster formation energies show that as the void size increases, a He:vacancy ratio up to 2:1 becomes energetically favourable over isolated He substitutional atoms and vacancies