pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Time domain analysis of superradiant instability for the charged stringy black hole–mirror system

AbstractIt has been proved that the charged stringy black holes are stable under the perturbations of massive charged scalar fields. However, superradiant instability can be generated by adding the mirror-like boundary condition to the composed system of charged stringy black hole and scalar field. The unstable boxed quasinormal modes have been calculated by using both analytical and numerical methods. In this paper, we further provide a time domain analysis by performing a long time evolution of charged scalar field configuration in the background of the charged stringy black hole with the mirror-like boundary condition imposed. We have used the ingoing Eddington–Finkelstein coordinates to derive the evolution equation, and adopted Pseudo-spectral method and the forth-order Runge–Kutta method to evolve the scalar field with the initial Gaussian wave packet. It is shown by our numerical scheme that Fourier transforming the evolution data coincides well with the unstable modes computed from frequency domain analysis. The existence of the rapid growth mode makes the charged stringy black hole a good test ground to study the nonlinear development of superradiant instability
Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors

AbstractWe present a full result for the 2+1 flavor QCD equation of state. All the systematics are controlled, the quark masses are set to their physical values, and the continuum extrapolation is carried out. This extends our previous studies (Aoki et al., 2006 [18]; Borsanyi et al., 2010 [14]) to even finer lattices and now includes ensembles with Nt=6, 8, 10, 12 up to Nt=16. We use a Symanzik improved gauge and a stout-link improved staggered fermion action. Our findings confirm our earlier results. In order to facilitate the direct use of our equation of state we make our tabulated results available for download [33]
Non-equilibrium time evolution of higher order cumulants of conserved charges and event-by-event analysis

AbstractWe investigate the time evolution of higher order cumulants of conserved charges in a volume with the diffusion master equation. Applying the result to the diffusion of non-Gaussian fluctuations in the hadronic stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions, we show that the fourth-order cumulant of net-electric charge at LHC energy is suppressed compared with the recently observed second-order cumulant at ALICE, if the higher order cumulants at hadronization are suppressed compared with their values in the hadron phase in equilibrium. The significance of the experimental information on the rapidity window dependence of various cumulants in investigating the history of the dynamical evolution of the hot medium created in relativistic heavy ion collisions is emphasized
Neutron occupancy of the 0d5/2 orbital and the N=16 shell closure in 24O

AbstractOne-neutron knockout from 24O leading to the first excited state in 23O has been measured for a proton target at a beam energy of 62 MeV/nucleon. The decay energy spectrum of the neutron unbound state of 23O was reconstructed from the measured four momenta of the 22O fragment and emitted neutron. A sharp peak was found at Edecay=50±3 keV, corresponding to an excited state in 23O at 2.78±0.11 MeV, as observed in previous measurements. The longitudinal momentum distribution for this state was consistent with d-wave neutron knockout, providing support for a Jπ assignment of 5/2+. The associated spectroscopic factor was deduced to be C2S(0d5/2)=4.1±0.4 by comparing the measured cross section (σ−1nexp=61±6 mb) with a distorted wave impulse approximation calculation. Such a large occupancy for the neutron 0d5/2 orbital is in line with the N=16 shell closure in 24O
Order 1/N2 test of the Maldacena conjecture II: the full bulk one-loop contribution to the boundary Weyl anomaly

AbstractWe compute the complete bulk one-loop contribution to the Weyl anomaly of the boundary theory for IIB supergravity compactified on AdS5×S5. The result, that δA=(E+I)/π2, reproduces the subleading term in the exact expression A=−(N2−1)(E+I)/π2 for the Weyl anomaly of N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory, confirming the Maldacena conjecture. The anomaly receives contributions from all multiplets casting doubt on the possibility of describing the boundary theory beyond leading order in N by a consistent truncation to the ‘massless’ multiplet of IIB supergravity
Quantifying the release of base metals from source rocks for volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits: Effects of protolith composition and alteration mineralogy

AbstractThis detailed study of the release of base metals during hydrothermal alteration from the sheeted dike complex of the Troodos ophiolite, Cyprus, aims to better understand the source of these elements in ore-forming hydrothermal fluids. The study area, ~10km2 between the villages of Spilia and Kannavia, has previously been recognized as a region in which the abundance of epidote in the altered sheeted dikes is higher than average — a so-called epidosite zone. The originally basaltic to andesitic sheeted dikes have been variably altered, but the secondary mineralogy is independent of the protolith composition. Four alteration facies have been identified in the epidosite zone. With progressively increasing modal epidote, decreasing modal amphibole, and decreasing bulk-rock Mg these are: (i) diabase, which is composed of amphibole+chlorite+albitic plagioclase±epidote±quartz, (ii) transitional diabase–epidosite, (iii) intermediate epidosite, and (iv) rare (<15% of the study area) end-member epidosite which consists largely of quartz+epidote. Comparing protolith base metal differentiation trends, defined by new analyses of cogenetic volcanic glass, with these altered samples indicates that the rocks originally contained 47–99ppm Zn, 1030–1390ppm Mn, 19–28ppm Co, 19–57ppm Cu and 7–50ppm Ni. The vast majority of the altered rocks within the epidosite zone studied have low Cu (averaging 3ppm) irrespective of alteration facies. This uniform and large depletion suggests that Cu was originally largely present in sulfides that were completely destroyed during hydrothermal alteration. With the exception of Co, the other base metals have substantially lower concentrations in the altered rocks than in their protoliths and show increasing base metal depletion with increasing modal epidote abundance. This suggests that breakdown of silicate minerals was important in controlling the release of these metals. Cobalt is enriched in the diabase and transitional diabase–epidosite alteration facies, and depleted in the end-member epidosite alteration facies, relative to protolith concentrations. This suggests that Co was redistributed within the sheeted dike complex rather than substantially leached out; the same is probably true of Mg. Mapping across the steep topography of the study area indicates that the Spilia–Kannavia epidosite zone has a volume of ~2km3. Based on this estimate, hydrothermal fluids leached ~369kt of Zn, ~52kt of Ni, ~3647kt of Mn and ~162kt of Cu. These Zn and Cu losses are similar to the masses of these metals present in the largest volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits on Cyprus. Based on the differences between protolith and altered rock compositions it is predicted that alteration of primitive protoliths will tend to produce fluids with higher ratios of Cu and Ni to Zn and Mn, whereas alteration of more evolved protoliths will produce fluids with lower ratios
Practicality Issues in Using Fuzzy Approaches for Aggregating Students’ Academic Performance

AbstractEvaluation of student academic performance is one of the most important parts of the educational process. It has to be done for several important reasons. It also has to provide an evaluation in the form of score or grade that is interpretable by most people especially students, teachers, parents, employers and policy planners. The use of fuzzy approaches to perform student performance evaluation appears very appealing because of the use of natural language in representing the level of performance. However, in spite of such advantages, the existing proposed fuzzy approaches have not yet made any significant impact on the current evaluation systems. This paper presents a brief overview of evaluation of students’ performance using fuzzy approaches and discusses the main issues regarding the practicality of using such approaches for aggregating students’ academic performance
Effect of microRNA-145 to prevent vein graft disease in rabbits by regulation of smooth muscle cell phenotype

ObjectiveBecause microRNA-145 (miR-145) is a specific mediator in the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of smooth muscle cells, we investigated the effect of miR-145 on the intimal hyperplasia in the rabbit model of vein graft disease using electroporation-mediated gene transfer.MethodsThe right jugular vein of male Japanese white rabbits was harvested and transduced with miR-145–encoding plasmids using an electroporator and then interposed in the carotid artery. At 2 or 4 weeks postoperatively, the venous graft was explanted, and the intimal thickness and intima/media area ratio were evaluated. Furthermore, 3 days after implantation, the myocardin and serum response factors were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. At 2 weeks after implantation, immunohistochemical investigations using mature smooth muscle markers, myosin heavy chain smooth muscle-1 and -2, and proliferation marker Ki-67 were performed.ResultsMiR-145 transduction significantly reduced the neointimal thickness at both 2 and 4 weeks (2 weeks, 52.1 ± 15.7 vs 113.2 ± 26.9 μm, P < .05, n = 6; 4 weeks, 42.4 ± 4.8 vs 136.5 ± 38.3 μm, P < .05, n = 8), and it also significantly reduced the intima/media area ratio at 4 weeks (0.22 ± 0.04 vs 1.13 ± 0.23, P < .01, n = 8). Additionally, it upregulated the mRNA expression level of myocardin compared with that in the grafts that did not receive gene transfer. Smooth muscle-2 and Ki-67 expression revealed that miR-145 transduced grafts contained more smooth muscle-2–positive mature smooth muscle cells and fewer Ki-67–positive proliferating cells.ConclusionsNonviral transduction of miR-145 into the bypass graft could be a novel option for preventing intimal hyperplasia in vein graft disease
Tubular solutions of Dirac–Born–Infeld action on Dp-brane background

AbstractWe use the Dirac–Born–Infeld action on Dp-brane background to find the tubular bound state of a D2 with mD0-branes and n fundamental strings. The fundamental strings are circular along the cross section of the tube and tube solutions are parallel to the geometry of Dp-brane background. Through the detailed analyses we show that only on the D6-brane background could we find the stable tubular solutions. These tubular configurations may be prevented form collapse by the gravitational field on the curved Dp-brane background
Redundant Picard–Fuchs System for Abelian Integrals

AbstractWe derive an explicit system of Picard–Fuchs differential equations satisfied by Abelian integrals of monomial forms and majorize its coefficients. A peculiar feature of this construction is that the system admitting such explicit majorants appears only in dimension approximately two times greater than the standard Picard–Fuchs system. The result is used to obtain a partial solution to the tangential Hilbert 16th problem. We establish upper bounds for the number of zeros of arbitrary Abelian integrals on a positive distance from the critical locus. Under the additional assumption that the critical values of the Hamiltonian are distant from each other (after a proper normalization), we were able to majorize the number of all (real and complex) zeros. In the second part of the paper an equivariant formulation of the above problem is discussed and relationships between spread of critical values and non-homogeneity of uni- and bivariate complex polynomials are studied
Charge correlations using the balance function in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

AbstractIn high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the correlations between the emitted particles can be used as a probe to gain insight into the charge creation mechanisms. In this Letter, we report the first results of such studies using the electric charge balance function in the relative pseudorapidity (Δη) and azimuthal angle (Δφ) in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The width of the balance function decreases with growing centrality (i.e. for more central collisions) in both projections. This centrality dependence is not reproduced by HIJING, while AMPT, a model which incorporates strings and parton rescattering, exhibits qualitative agreement with the measured correlations in Δφ but fails to describe the correlations in Δη. A thermal blast-wave model incorporating local charge conservation and tuned to describe the pT spectra and v2 measurements reported by ALICE, is used to fit the centrality dependence of the width of the balance function and to extract the average separation of balancing charges at freeze-out. The comparison of our results with measurements at lower energies reveals an ordering with sNN: the balance functions become narrower with increasing energy for all centralities. This is consistent with the effect of larger radial flow at the LHC energies but also with the late stage creation scenario of balancing charges. However, the relative decrease of the balance function widths in Δη and Δφ with centrality from the highest SPS to the LHC energy exhibits only small differences. This observation cannot be interpreted solely within the framework where the majority of the charge is produced at a later stage in the evolution of the heavy-ion collision
Measurement of the $k_\mathrm{t}$ splitting scales in $Z \to \ell\ell$
  events in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the splitting scales occuring in the $k_\mathrm{t}$
jet-clustering algorithm is presented for final states containing a $Z$ boson.
The measurement is done using 20.2 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data
collected at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV by the ATLAS
experiment at the LHC in 2012. The measurement is based on charged-particle
track information, which is measured with excellent precision in the
$p_\mathrm{T}$ region relevant for the transition between the perturbative and
the non-perturbative regimes. The data distributions are corrected for detector
effects, and are found to deviate from state-of-the-art predictions in various
regions of the observables.Comment: 42 pages in total, author list starting page 26, 8 figures, 1 table,
  published in JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2015-14
Translation of Walter Noll's "Derivation of the Fundamental Equations of Continuum Thermodynamics from Statistical Mechanics"

This article represents a translation of the original paper, "Die Herleitung der Grundgleichungen der Thermomechanik der Kontinua aus der Statistischen Mechanik", which was written by Walter Noll and appeared in the Journal of Rational Mechanics and Analysis 4 (1955), 627-646. In the original paper, Noll addressed and analyzed the seminal paper of Irving &amp; Kirkwood, published five years earlier, on "The statistical mechanical theory of transport processes. IV, The Equations of Hydrodynamics." Noll gave new interpretations and provided a firm setting for ideas advanced by Irving &amp; Kirkwood that clearly and directly related to the basic principles of continuum mechanics. This translation aims to expose the important contribution of Noll to a wider community of researchers at a time when the atomistic modeling of material behavior is being advanced. Noll's use of elementary mathematics to discover physical effects, to explain physical concepts, and to draw conclusions of a physical nature is exhibited. Noll's paper emerged from a report that he presented in a seminar at Indiana University in the summer of 1954. The seminar was organized by Clifford Truesdell, whose inspiration Noll gratefully acknowledged
Planck 2015 results: XVII. Constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity

The Planck full mission cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and E-mode polarization maps are analysed to obtain constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity (NG). Using three classes of optimal bispectrum estimators - separable template-fitting (KSW), binned, and modal - we obtain consistent values for the primordial local, equilateral, and orthogonal bispectrum amplitudes, quoting as our final result from temperature alone ƒlocalNL = 2.5 ± 5.7, ƒequilNL= -16 ± 70, , and ƒorthoNL = -34 ± 32 (68% CL, statistical). Combining temperature and polarization data we obtain ƒlocalNL = 0.8 ± 5.0, ƒequilNL= -4 ± 43, and ƒorthoNL = -26 ± 21 (68% CL, statistical). The results are based on comprehensive cross-validation of these estimators on Gaussian and non-Gaussian simulations, are stable across component separation techniques, pass an extensive suite of tests, and are consistent with estimators based on measuring the Minkowski functionals of the CMB. The effect of time-domain de-glitching systematics on the bispectrum is negligible. In spite of these test outcomes we conservatively label the results including polarization data as preliminary, owing to a known mismatch of the noise model in simulations and the data. Beyond estimates of individual shape amplitudes, we present model-independent, three-dimensional reconstructions of the Planck CMB bispectrum and derive constraints on early universe scenarios that generate primordial NG, including general single-field models of inflation, axion inflation, initial state modifications, models producing parity-violating tensor bispectra, and directionally dependent vector models. We present a wide survey of scale-dependent feature and resonance models, accounting for the "look elsewhere" effect in estimating the statistical significance of features. We also look for isocurvature NG, and find no signal, but we obtain constraints that improve significantly with the inclusion of polarization. The primordial trispectrum amplitude in the local model is constrained to be localNL = (-0.9 ± 7.7 ) X 104(68% CL statistical), and we perform an analysis of trispectrum shapes beyond the local case. The global picture that emerges is one of consistency with the premises of the ΛCDM cosmology, namely that the structure we observe today was sourced by adiabatic, passive, Gaussian, and primordial seed perturbations
Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb-1. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph+pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat+sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values. © 2014 The Authors.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Search for W' decaying to tau lepton and neutrino in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV

The first search for a heavy charged vector boson in the final state with a tau lepton and a neutrino is reported, using 19.7 fb-1 of LHC data at s=8 TeV. A signal would appear as an excess of events with high transverse mass, where the standard model background is low. No excess is observed. Limits are set on a model in which the W' decays preferentially to fermions of the third generation. These results substantially extend previous constraints on this model. Masses below 2.0 to 2.7 TeV are excluded, depending on the model parameters. In addition, the existence of a W' boson with universal fermion couplings is excluded at 95% confidence level, for W' masses below 2.7 TeV. For further reinterpretation a model-independent limit on potential signals for various transverse mass thresholds is also presented.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Regional hydromorphological characterization with continuous and automated remote sensing analysis based on VHR imagery and low-resolution LiDAR data

Recent developments in remote sensing (RS) technologies lead the way in characterizing river morphology at regional scales and inferring potential channel responses to human pressures. In this paper, a unique regional database of continuous hydromorphological variables (HyMo DB) based on areal and topographic data has been generated from RS analysis. Key riverscape units with specific geomorphic meaning have been automatically mapped for 1700 km2 of river floodplains from simultaneous very-high-resolution (VHR) near-infrared aerial imagery and low-resolution LiDAR-derived products. A multi-level, geographical object-based architecture (GEOBIA) was employed to integrate both spectral and topographic information and generate a regional classifier able to automatically map heterogeneous fluvial patterns in different geographical and topographical contexts of the Piedmont Region (Italy). This HyMo-generated DB offers a unique set of tools for hydromorphologists and can be exploited for different purposes. For the first time, topographic information can be exploited regionally per riverscape unit class, allowing for quantitative analysis of their regional spatial and statistical variability. In this manner, river types can be automatically characterized and classified using objective and repeatable hydromorphological variables. We discuss the potential of quantifying functional links between riverscape units and their driving processes, a valuable source of information to start assessing and highlighting the entity of potential channel adjustments at the regional scale to human pressures. The HyMo DB can also be integrated with historical, field-based information to better comprehend current fluvial changes at a local scale. In view of future RS acquisitions, the present approach will result in a suitable procedure for quantitative, objective and continuous monitoring of river evolutions over large scales. This type of hydromorphological characterization will allow regional trends and patterns to be highlighted through time and river management strategies to thus be implemented at both regional and local scales. Copyright Â© 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd