pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Characteristics of patients who are admitted with or acquire Pressure Ulcers in a District General Hospital; a 3 year retrospective analysis

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                  172112.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)AIM: The study aimed to characterize demographic and clinical practice factors associated with community (CAPU) and hospital acquired pressure ulcers (HAPU). DESIGN: A comparative retrospective evaluation of pressure ulcer data, collected from a district general hospital. METHODS: Demographic and pressure ulcer related data were collected from patients at risk of developing a pressure ulcer, collated by a single observer using a standardized tool. Comparisons were made within and between patient groups (no PU, CAPU and HAPU). RESULTS: CAPU and HAPU patient groups were significantly (P < 0.001) older, had extended lengths of hospital stay and were less likely to be provided quickly with a pressure relieving support surface than those with no PU. HAPU patients had a longer length of stay and a higher proportion of heel PUs compared to CAPU
What factors influence ward nurses' recognition of and response to patient deterioration? An integrative review of the literature

Aim:

In this integrative review, we aimed to: first, identify and summarize published studies relating to ward nurses' recognition of and response to patient deterioration; second, to critically evaluate studies that described or appraised the practice of ward nurses in recognizing and responding to patient deterioration; and third, identify gaps in the literature for further research.
Design:

An integrative review.
Methods:

The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) Ovid Medline, Informit and Google Scholar databases were accessed for the years 1990–2014. Data were extracted and summarized in tables and then appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool. Data were grouped into two domains; recognizing and responding to deterioration and then thematic analysis was used to identify the emerging themes.
Results:

Seventeen studies were reviewed and appraised. Recognizing patient deterioration was encapsulated in four themes: (1) assessing the patient; (2) knowing the patient; (3) education and (4) environmental factors. Responding to patient deterioration was encapsulated in three themes; (1) non-technical skills; (2) access to support and (3) negative emotional responses.
Conclusion:

Issues involved in timely recognition of and response to clinical deterioration remain complex, yet patient safety relies on nurses’ timely assessments and actions.Griffith Health, School of Nursing and MidwiferyFull Tex
Dispositional mindfulness and employment status as predictors of resilience in third year nursing students: a quantitative study

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Background\ud
Nursing students will graduate into stressful workplace environments and resilience is an essential acquired ability for surviving the workplace. Few studies have explored the relationship between resilience and the degree of innate dispositional mindfulness, compassion, compassion fatigue and burnout in nursing students, including those who find themselves in the position of needing to work in addition to their academic responsibilities.\ud
\ud
Aim\ud
This paper investigates the predictors of resilience, including dispositional mindfulness and employment status of third year nursing students from three Australian universities.\ud
\ud
Design\ud
Participants were 240 undergraduate, third year, nursing students. Participants completed a resilience measure (Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, CD-RISC), measures of dispositional mindfulness (Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale Revised, CAMS-R) and professional quality of life (The Professional Quality of Life Scale version 5, PROQOL5), such as compassion satisfaction, compassion fatigue and burnout.\ud
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Method\ud
An observational quantitative successive independent samples survey design was employed. A stepwise linear regression was used to evaluate the extent to which predictive variables were related each to resilience.\ud
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Results\ud
The predictive model explained 57% of the variance in resilience. Dispositional mindfulness subset acceptance made the strongest contribution, followed by the expectation of a graduate nurse transition programme acceptance, with dispositional mindfulness total score and employment greater than 20 hours per week making the smallest contribution. This was a resilient group of nursing students who rated high with dispositional mindfulness and exhibited hopeful and positive aspirations for obtaining a position in a competitive graduate nurse transition programme after graduation
Outcomes from a pilot psychological therapies service for UK military veterans

Aim: To evaluate the outcomes of participants attending a psychological therapies service for military veterans. Background: The UK Military Veterans’ Improving Access to Psychological Therapies Service (North West) (MV IAPT) provided a clinical psychological therapies service for military veterans. Outcomes of depression, anxiety and social adjustment were assessed after treatment in the service's pilot phase. Design: An observational, prospective cohort study examined changes in depression, anxiety and social adjustment during receipt of the service. Methods: Changes in depression (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7) and social adjustment (WSAS) were examined in 952 veterans referred over 20 months from September 2011. Data were collected using the IAPT clinical information system plus additional fields. Changes for patients who completed treatment, remained in treatment and dropped out were compared. Results: Seven hundred and seven veterans received an initial assessment, from which 505 received two or more appointments. Of these, 156 completed treatments, 179 remained in treatment and 170 dropped out. The majority of veterans had been operationally deployed and were similar in risk characteristics to those in other military cohort studies. There were highly significant improvements on all measures (p<.01), with completers improving more and having higher rates of recovery from depression and anxiety than those remaining and drop outs. Recovery rates compared favourably with evaluations of general IAPT services and also exceeded reported natural recovery rates
Comprehensive behavioral analysis of tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (Tdo2) knockout mice

Aims: Tryptophan 2, 3‐dioxygenase (TDO2) is an initial rate‐limiting enzyme of the kynurenine (Kyn) pathway in tryptophan (Trp) metabolism. The Trp‐degrading enzymes, TDO2 and indoleamine 2, 3‐dioxygenase, are activated by stress and/or inflammation. Dysregulation of Trp metabolism, which causes shifts in the balance between Kyn and serotonin (5‐HT) pathways, is associated with psychiatric and neurological disorders. In genetic studies, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the TDO2 gene were shown to be involved in psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and depression. It has been reported that targeted deletion of the Tdo2 gene in mice resulted in reduced anxiety‐like behavior, enhanced exploratory activity and cognitive performance, and increased levels of Trp and 5‐HT in the hippocampus and midbrain. However, the effect of Tdo2 gene deletion on behavioral phenotypes has not yet been investigated extensively.Materials & Methods: We conducted tests to further examine the behavioral effects of knockout (KO) of Tdo2 in mice. Results: Deletion of Tdo2 resulted in seemingly lower anxiety‐like behavior, higher locomotor activity, and abnormal gait pattern in mice, though none of them reached study‐wide statistical significance. Tdo2 deficiency had no significant effects on other behaviors, such as prepulse inhibition, and depression‐like and social behaviors.Discussion and Conclusion: He lack of clear phenotypes in Tdo2KO mice in this study might be due to the absence of stress and inflammatory conditions, which could induce expression of Tdo2 mRNA. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the roles of Tdo2 in behavioral phenotypes related to psychiatric disorders
A 3D SPATIAL NAVIGATION TASK FOR ASSESSING MEMORY IN RODENTS

In the present report we describe a 3-D maze spatial navigation task for rats based on a modification of an eight-arm radial maze. The arms radiating from a central platform can be presented in a horizontal plane either raised 10 cm above the level of a central platform or lowered 10 cm below. Memory of visited and non-visited arms can be guided by distinct internal cues (patterns) that are presented on panels set at the end of each arm. Rats are trained in three different maze configurations (eight session each) with arms set lowered, flattened or raised relative to a central platform. A food pellet is placed at the end of each arm and rats are allowed to make eight arm choices only, in each testing session. In this task rats perform better when moving uphill to raised arms than when moving on flattened arms or when moving downhill to lowered arms. It is likely that spatial navigation on raised arms is based on visual cues that were highly visible from the central platform. This result can be accounted for by the position of the rats' eyes that are placed laterally on the sides of their heads
Coupling Harmonic Functions-Finite Elements for Solving the Stream Function-Vorticity Stokes Problem\ud

We consider the bidimensional Stokes problem for incompressible ﬂuids in stream function-vorticity form. The classical ﬁnite element method of degree one usually used does not allow the vorticity on the boundary of the domain to be computed satisfactorily when the meshes are unstructured and does not converge optimally. To better approach the vorticity along the boundary, we propose that harmonic functions obtained by integral representation be used. Numerical results are very satisfactory, and we prove that this new numerical scheme leads to an optimal convergence rate of order 1 for the natural norm of the vorticity and, under higher regularity assumptions, from 3/2 to 2 for the quadratic norm of the vorticity.\u
Coupling Harmonic Functions-Finite Elements for Solving the Stream Function-Vorticity Stokes Problem

International audienceWe consider the bidimensional Stokes problem for incompressible ﬂuids in stream function-vorticity form. The classical ﬁnite element method of degree one usually used does not allow the vorticity on the boundary of the domain to be computed satisfactorily when the meshes are unstructured and does not converge optimally. To better approach the vorticity along the boundary, we propose that harmonic functions obtained by integral representation be used. Numerical results are very satisfactory, and we prove that this new numerical scheme leads to an optimal convergence rate of order 1 for the natural norm of the vorticity and, under higher regularity assumptions, from 3/2 to 2 for the quadratic norm of the vorticity
A Cartesian-grid collocation method based on radial-basis-function networks for solving PDEs in irregular domains

[Abstract]: This paper reports a new Cartesian-grid collocation method based on radial-basis-function\ud
networks (RBFNs) for numerically solving elliptic partial\ud
differential equations (PDEs) in irregular domains. The domain of interest is embedded in a Cartesian grid, and the governing equation is discretized by using a collocation approach. The new features here are (a) One-dimensional integrated RBFNs are employed to represent the variable along each line of the grid,\ud
resulting in a significant improvement of computational\ud
efficiency, (b) The present method does not require complicated interpolation techniques for the treatment of Dirichlet boundary conditions in order to achieve a high level of accuracy, and (c) Normal derivative boundary conditions are imposed by means of integration constants. The method is verified through the solution\ud
of second- and fourth-order PDEs; accurate results and fast\ud
convergence rates are obtained
Numerical Clifford Analysis for Nonlinear Schrodinger Problem

The aim of this work is to study the numerical solution of the nonlinear
Schrodinger problem using a combination between Witt basis and finite
difference approximations. We construct a discrete fundamental solution for the
non-stationary Schrodinger operator and we show the convergence of the
numerical scheme. Numerical examples are given at the end of the paper.Comment: This article has 6 figures. This article has benn accepted for
  publication in the Journal of Numerical Methods for Partial Differential
  Equation
A multidomain integrated-radial-basis-function collocation method for elliptic problems

This article is concerned with the use of integrated radial-basis-function networks (IRBFNs) and non-overlapping domain decompositions (DDs) for numerically solving one- and two-dimensional elliptic problems. A substructuring technique is adopted, where subproblems are discretized by means of one-dimensional IRBFNs. A distinguishing feature of the present DD technique is that the continuity of the RBF solution across the interfaces is enforced with one order higher than with conventional DD techniques. Several test problems governed by second- and fourth-order differential equations are considered to investigate the accuracy of the proposed technique
Localization Analysis of an Energy-Based Fourth-Order Gradient
  Plasticity Model

The purpose of this paper is to provide analytical and numerical solutions of
the formation and evolution of the localized plastic zone in a uniaxially
loaded bar with variable cross-sectional area. An energy-based variational
approach is employed and the governing equations with appropriate physical
boundary conditions, jump conditions, and regularity conditions at evolving
elasto-plastic interface are derived for a fourth-order explicit gradient
plasticity model with linear isotropic softening. Four examples that differ by
regularity of the yield stress and stress distributions are presented. Results
for the load level, size of the plastic zone, distribution of plastic strain
and its spatial derivatives, plastic elongation, and energy balance are
constructed and compared to another, previously discussed non-variational
gradient formulation.Comment: 41 pages, 24 figures; moderate revision after the first round of
  review, Appendix A re-written completel
A control volume technique based on integrated RBFNs for the convection-diffusion equation

This paper reports a new high-order control-volume discretisation for the convection-diffusion equation in one and two dimensions. Diffusive fluxes at the faces of a control volume and other terms embracing the unknown field variable are all approximated using one-dimensional integrated radial-basis-function networks; line integrals involving these fluxes and other integrals are evaluated\ud
using a high-order numerical integration scheme. The accuracy of the proposed technique is investigated numerically through the solution of several linear and nonlinear test problems, including a benchmark thermally-driven cavity flow. High-order convergence solutions are obtained
A numerical study of 2D integrated RBFNs incorporating Cartesian grids for solving 2D elliptic differential problems

This paper reports a numerical discretisation scheme, based on two-dimensional integrated radial-basis-function networks (2D-IRBFNs) and rectangular grids, for solving second-order elliptic partial differential equations\ud
defined on 2D non-rectangular domains. Unlike finite-difference and 1D-IRBFN Cartesian-grid techniques, the present discretisation method is based on an approximation scheme that allows the field variable and its derivatives to be evaluated anywhere within the domain and on the boundaries, regardless of the shape of the problem domain. We discuss the following two particular strengths,\ud
which the proposed Cartesian-grid-based procedure possesses,\ud
namely (i) the implementation of Neumann boundary conditions on irregular boundaries and (ii) the use of high-order integration schemes to evaluate flux integrals arising from a control-volume discretisation on irregular domains. A new preconditioning scheme is suggested to improve the 2D-IRBFN matrix condition number. Good\ud
accuracy and high-order convergence solutions are obtained
Stabilized DDFV schemes for Stokes problem with variable viscosity on general 2D meshes

International audience''Discrete Duality Finite Volume'' schemes (DDFV for short) on general meshes are studied here for Stokes problems with variable viscosity with Dirichlet boundary conditions. The aim of this work is to analyze the well-posedness of the scheme and its convergence properties. The DDFV method requires a staggered scheme, the discrete unknowns, the components of the velocity and the pressure, are located on different nodes. The scheme is stabilized using a finite volume analogue to Brezzi-Pitkäranta techniques. This scheme is proved to be well-posed on general meshes and to be first order convergent in a discrete $H^1$-norm and a discrete $L^2$-norm for respectively the velocity and the pressure. Finally numerical experiments confirm the theoretical prediction, in particular on locally refined non conformal meshes
Analysis of segregated boundary-domain integral equations for variable-coefficient problems with cracks

This is the pre-print version of the article. The official published version can be obtained from the link below - Copyright @ 2011 Wiley-BlackwellSegregated direct boundary-domain integral equation (BDIE) systems associated with mixed, Dirichlet and Neumann boundary value problems (BVPs) for a scalar “Laplace” PDE with variable coefficient are formulated and analyzed for domains with interior cuts (cracks). The main results established in the paper are the BDIE equivalence to the original BVPs and invertibility of the BDIE operators in the corresponding Sobolev spaces.This work was supported by the International Joint Project Grant - 2005/R4 ”Boundary-\ud
Domain Integral Equations: Formulation, Analysis, Localisation” of the Royal Society, UK, and the grant ”Mathematical analysis of localised boundary-domain integral equations for BVPs with variable coefficients” of the EPSRC, UK
A homogeneous limit methodology and refinements of computationally efficient zigzag theory for homogeneous, laminated composite, and sandwich plates

The Refined Zigzag Theory (RZT) for homogeneous, laminated composite, and sandwich plates is revisited to offer a fresh insight into its fundamental assumptions and practical possibilities. The theory is introduced from a multiscale formalism starting with the inplane displacement field expressed as a superposition of coarse and fine contributions. The coarse displacement field is that of first-order shear-deformation theory, whereas the fine displacement field has a piecewise-linear zigzag distribution through the thickness. The resulting kinematic field provides a more realistic representation of the deformation states of transverse-shear-flexible plates than other similar theories. The condition of limiting homogeneity of transverse-shear properties is proposed and yields four distinct variants of zigzag functions. Analytic solutions for highly heterogeneous sandwich plates undergoing elastostatic deformations are used to identify the best-performing zigzag functions. Unlike previously used methods, which often result in anomalous conditions and nonphysical solutions, the present theory does not rely on transverse-shear-stress equilibrium constraints. For all material systems, there are no requirements for use of transverse-shear correction factors to yield accurate results. To model homogeneous plates with the full power of zigzag kinematics, infinitesimally small perturbations in the transverse shear properties are derived, thus enabling highly accurate predictions of homogeneous-plate behavior without the use of shear correction factors. The RZT predictive capabilities to model highly heterogeneous sandwich plates are critically assessed, demonstrating its superior efficiency, accuracy, and a wide range of applicability. This theory, which is derived from the virtual work principle, is well-suited for developing computationally efficient, C0 a continuous function of (x1,x2) coordinates whose first-order derivatives are discontinuous along finite element interfaces and is thus appropriate for the analysis and design of high-performance load-bearing aerospace structure
Finite volume approximation of degenerate two-phase flow model with unlimited air mobility

International audienceModels of two-phase flows in porous media, used in petroleum engineering, lead to a coupled system of two equations, one elliptic, the other degenerate parabolic, with two unknowns: the saturation and the pressure. In view of applications in hydrogeology, we are interested at the singular limit of this model, as the ratio $\mu$ of air/liquid mobility goes to infinity, and in a comparison with the one-phase Richards model. We construct a robust finite volume scheme that can apply for large values of the parameter $\mu$. This scheme is shown to satisfy a priori estimates (the saturation is shown to remain in a fixed interval, and a discrete $\ldehun$ estimate is proved for both the pressure and a function of the saturation) which are sufficient to derive the convergence of a subsequence to a weak solution of the continuous equations, as the size of the discretization tends to zero. At the limit as the mobility of the air phase tends to infinity, we obtain the two-phase flow model introduced in the work Henry, Hilhorst and Eymard \cite{MHenry-et-al} (see also \cite{Eymard-Ghilani-Marhraoui}) which we call the quasi-Richards equation
Nonstandard finite difference schemes for Michaelis-Menten type reaction-diffusion equations

We compare and investigate the performance of the exact scheme of the Michaelis-Menten
(M-M) ordinary differential equation with several new non-standard finite difference (NSFD)
schemes that we construct by using Mickens’ rules. Furthermore, the exact scheme of the M-M
equation is used to design several dynamically consistent NSFD schemes for related reactiondiffusion
equations, advection-reaction equations and advection-reaction-diffusion equations.
Numerical simulations that support the theory and demonstrate computationally the power
of NSFD schemes are presented.South African National Research Foundationhttp://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/35979/homehb201
Maximum principle for the finite element solution of time dependent
  anisotropic diffusion problems

Preservation of the maximum principle is studied for the combination of the
linear finite element method in space and the $\theta$-method in time for
solving time dependent anisotropic diffusion problems. It is shown that the
numerical solution satisfies a discrete maximum principle when all element
angles of the mesh measured in the metric specified by the inverse of the
diffusion matrix are non-obtuse and the time step size is bounded below and
above by bounds proportional essentially to the square of the maximal element
diameter. The lower bound requirement can be removed when a lumped mass matrix
is used. In two dimensions, the mesh and time step conditions can be replaced
by weaker Delaunay-type conditions. Numerical results are presented to verify
the theoretical findings.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, 4 table