pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Solitons on intersecting 3-branes II: a holographic perspective

We study the low energy effective theory of two sets of D3-branes overlapping in 1+1 dimensions, recently considered by Mintun, Polchinski, and Sun. In the original treatment by MPS, by studying the properties of magnetic solitons, the low energy effective field theory was found to require some ultraviolet completion, possibly involving full string dynamics. Recently in a companion paper, it was shown that by scaling the angle between the D3-branes and the D3 ′ -branes in the zero slope limit in specific way, one can find simpler effective field theory which consists of a single tower of Regge trajectory states and yet is ultraviolet complete and non-singular. In this article, we study this model by further studying a limit which recovers the MPS dynamics from this non-singular construction. We approach this issue from a holographic perspective, where we consider a stack of N D3-branes overlapping with a single D3 ′ -brane, and treat that D3 ′ -brane as a probe in the AdS 5 × S 5 dual. In general, the D3 ′ -brane probe supports a magnetic monopole as a non-singular soliton configuration, but in the limit where the MPS dynamics is recovered, the soliton degenerates. This is consistent with the idea that the effective dynamics in the MPS setup is incomplete, but that it can be completed with a single tower of Regge trajectory states
New opportunities in h → 4 ℓ

The Higgs decay h → 4 ℓ has played an important role in discovering the Higgs and measuring its mass thanks to low background and excellent resolution. Current cuts in this channel have been optimized for Higgs discovery via the dominant tree level ZZ contribution arising from electroweak symmetry breaking. Going forward, one of the primary objectives of this sensitive channel will be to probe other Higgs couplings and search for new physics on top of the tree level ZZ ‘background’. Thanks to interference between these small couplings and the large tree level contribution to ZZ , the h → 4ℓ decay is uniquely capable of probing the magnitude and CP phases of the Higgs couplings to γγ and Zγ as well as, to a lesser extent, ZZ couplings arising from higher dimensional operators. With this in mind we examine how much relaxing current cuts can enhance the sensitivity while also accounting for the dominant non-Higgs continuum q q ¯ → 4 ℓ $$ q\overline{q}\to 4\ell $$ background. We find the largest enhancement in sensitivity for the hZγ couplings (≳100%) followed by hγγ (≳40%) and less so for the higher dimensional hZZ couplings (a few percent). With these enhancements, we show that couplings of order Standard Model values for hγγ may optimistically be probed by end of Run-II at the LHC while for hZγ perhaps towards the end of a high luminosity LHC. Thus an appropriately optimized h → 4 ℓ analysis can complement direct decays of the Higgs to on-shell γγ and Zγ pairs giving a unique opportunity to directly access the CP properties of these couplings
Warped dipole completed, with a tower of Higgs bosons

In the context of warped extra-dimensional models which address both the Planck-weak- and flavor-hierarchies of the Standard Model (SM), it has been argued that certain observables can be calculated within the 5D effective field theory only with the Higgs field propagating in the bulk of the extra dimension, just like other SM fields. The related studies also suggested an interesting form of decoupling of the heavy Kaluza-Klein (KK) fermion states in the warped 5D SM in the limit where the profile of the SM Higgs approaches the IR brane. We demonstrate that a similar phenomenon occurs when we include the mandatory KK excitations of the SM Higgs in loop diagrams giving dipole operators for SM fermions, where the earlier work only considered the SM Higgs (zero mode). In particular, in the limit of a quasi IR-localized SM Higgs, the effect from summing over KK Higgs modes is unsuppressed (yet finite), in contrast to the naive expectation that KK Higgs modes decouple as their masses become large. In this case, a wide range of KK Higgs modes have quasi-degenerate masses and enhanced couplings to fermions relative to those of the SM Higgs, which contribute to the above remarkable result. In addition, we find that the total contribution from KK Higgs modes in general can be comparable to that from the SM Higgs alone. It is also interesting that KK Higgs couplings to KK fermions of the same chirality as the corresponding SM modes have an unsuppressed overall contribution, in contrast to the result from the earlier studies involving the SM Higgs. Our studies suggest that KK Higgs bosons are generally an indispensable part of the warped 5D SM, and their phenomenology such as signals at the LHC are worth further investigation
Superposition effect and clan structure in forward-backward multiplicity
  correlations

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the link between
forward-backward multiplicity correlations properties and the shape of the
corresponding final charged particle multiplicity distribution in various
classes of events in different collisions. It is shown that the same mechanism
which explains the shoulder effect and the H_n vs. n oscillations in charged
particle multiplicity distributions, i.e., the weighted superposition of
different classes of events with negative binomial properties, reproduces
within experimental errors also the forward-backward multiplicity correlation
strength in e+e- annihilation at LEP energy and allows interesting predictions
for pp collisions in the TeV energy region, to be tested at LHC, for instance
with the ALICE detector. We limit ourselves at present to study substructures
properties in hadron-hadron collisions and e+e- annihilation; they are examined
as ancillary examples in the conviction that their understanding might be
relevant also in other more complex cases
Numerical study of on-board fuel reforming in a catalytic plate reactor for solid-oxide fuel cells

A pseudo-transient numerical model is used for the simulation of a multi-functional catalytic plate reactor (CPR). The work mainly addresses the problems associated with on-board reforming for solid-oxide fuel cells. Heat management is achieved by indirectly coupling partial oxidation with reforming. Water management is achieved by partially recycling the anode stream from a solid-oxide fuel cell. The model uses detailed heterogeneous chemistry for reforming and oxidation reactions occurring on the catalyst beds
A branch and bound method for isolation of faulty variables through missing variable analysis

Fault detection and diagnosis is a critical approach to ensure safe and efficient operation of manufacturing and chemical processing plants. Although multivariate statistical process monitoring has received considerable attention, investigation into the diagnosis of the source or cause of the detected process fault has been relatively limited. This is partially due to the difficulty in isolating multiple variables, which jointly contribute to the occurrence of fault, through conventional contribution analysis. In this work, a method based on probabilistic principal component analysis is proposed for fault isolation. Furthermore, a branch and bound method is developed to handle the combinatorial nature of problem involving finding the contributing variables, which are most likely to be responsible for the occurrence of fault. The efficiency of the method proposed is shown through benchmark examples, such as Tennessee Eastman process, and randomly generated cases
Distribution and seasonal variability of trace elements in atmospheric particulate in the Venice Lagoon.

Size distribution and selected element concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) were\ud
investigated in the Venice Lagoon, at three sites characterised by different anthropogenic influence.\ud
The PM10 samples were collected in six size fractions (10–7.2, 7.2–3.0, 3.0–1.5, 1.5–0.95; 0.95–0.49\ud
and <0.49 lm) with high volume cascade impactors, and the concentration of 17 elements (Al, As, Ca,\ud
Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, Zn) was determined by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole\ud
mass spectroscopy. More than 1 year of sampling activities allowed the examination of seasonal\ud
variability in size distribution of atmospheric particulates and element contents for each site.\ud
At all the stations, particles with an aerodynamic diameter <3 lm were predominant, thus accounting\ud
for more than 78% of the total aerosol mass concentration. The highest PM10 concentrations for almost all\ud
elements were found at the site which is more influenced by industrial and urban emissions. Similarity in\ud
size distribution of elements at all sites allowed the identification of three main behavioural types: (a)\ud
elements found mainly within coarse particles (Ca, Mg, Na, Sr); (b) elements found mainly within fine\ud
particles (As, Cd, Ni, Pb, V) and (c) elements with several modes spread throughout the entire size range\ud
(Co, Cu, Fe, K, Zn, Mn).\ud
Factor Analysis was performed on aerosol data separately identified as fine and coarse types in order to\ud
examine the relationships between the inorganic elements and to identify their origin. Multivariate statistical\ud
analysis and assessment of similarity in the size distribution led to similar conclusions on the\ud
sources
Examining the joint effects of strategic priorities, use of management control systems, and personal background on hospital performance

This study aims to respond to recent calls for a better understanding of the factors that support the effectiveness of formal control practices in hospitals. Based on survey data from 117 top-level managers in Belgian hospitals, the study investigates the performance effects of the alignment between the use of performance measurement systems (PMS), strategic priorities, and the particular role top-level managers’ personal background plays in this context. The quantitative results suggest that it is the top-level managers’ personal background that brings to life the benefits of the alignment between the use of PMS and strategic priorities in hospitals. Specifically, this paper shows that when the emphasis on partnership or governance strategic priority is high, the effect of the interactive use of PMS on hospital performance is more positive for top-level managers with a clinical background than for those with an administrative background. This study offers value for practitioners in that it supports the argument that hospitals can benefit from involving physicians in the top-level management team
The cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D7 (PDE4D7) is downregulated in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells and mediates proliferation by compartmentalising cAMP at the plasma membrane of VCaP prostate cancer cells

Isoforms of the PDE4 family of cAMP-specific phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are expressed in a cell type-dependent manner and contribute to underpinning the paradigm of intracellular cAMP signal compartmentalisation. Here we identify the differential regulation of the PDE4D7 isoform during prostate cancer progression and uncover a role in controlling prostate cancer cell proliferation.  PDE4 transcripts from 19 prostate cancer cell lines and xenografts were quantified by qPCR. PDE4D7 expression was further investigated because of its significant downregulation between androgen-sensitive (AS) and androgen-insensitive (AI) samples. Western blot analysis, PDE activity assay, immunofluorescent staining and cAMP responsive FRET assays were used to investigate the sub-plasma membrane localisation of a population of PDE4D7 in VCaP (AS) and PC3 (AI) cell lines. Disruption of this localisation pattern using dominant-negative protein expression and siRNA knockdown showed that PDE4D7 acts in opposition to proliferative signalling as assessed by electrical impedance-based proliferation assays.  Here we identify the differential regulation of the PDE4D7 isoform during prostate cancer progression. PDE4D7 is highly expressed in AS cells and starkly downregulated in AI samples. The significance of this downregulation is underscored by our finding that PDE4D7 contributes a major fraction of cAMP degrading PDE activity tethered at the plasma membrane and that displacement of PDE4D7 from this compartment leads to an increase in the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. PDE4D7 mRNA expression is not, however, directly regulated by the androgen receptor signalling axis despite an overlapping genomic structure with the androgen responsive gene PART1. PDE4D7, which locates to the plasma membrane, acts to supress aberrant non-steroidal growth signals within the prostate or AS metastasis.  PDE4D7 expression is significantly downregulated between AS and AI cell phenotypes. This change in expression potentially provides a novel androgen-independent biomarker and manipulation of its activity or its expression may provide therapeutic possibilities and insights into contributory aspects of the complex molecular pathology of prostate cancer
Identification of receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase μ as a new marker for osteocytes

Osteocytes are the predominant cells in bone, where they form a cellular network and display important functions in bone homeostasis, phosphate metabolism and mechanical transduction. Several proteins strongly expressed by osteocytes are involved in these processes, e.g., sclerostin, DMP-1, PHEX, FGF23 and MEPE, while others are upregulated during differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes, e.g., osteocalcin and E11. The receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase µ (RPTPμ) has been described to be expressed in cells which display a cellular network, e.g., endothelial and neuronal cells, and is implied in mechanotransduction. In a capillary outgrowth assay using metatarsals derived from RPTPμ-knock-out/LacZ knock-in mice, we observed that the capillary structures grown out of the metatarsals were stained blue, as expected. Surprisingly, cells within the metatarsal bone tissue were positive for LacZ activity as well, indicating that RPTPμ is also expressed by osteocytes. Subsequent histochemical analysis showed that within bone, RPTPμ is expressed exclusively in early-stage osteocytes. Analysis of bone marrow cell cultures revealed that osteocytes are present in the nodules and an enzymatic assay enabled the quantification of the amount of osteocytes. No apparent bone phenotype was observed when tibiae of RPTPμ-knock-out/LacZ knock-in mice were analyzed by μCT at several time points during aging, although a significant reduction in cortical bone was observed in RPTPμ-knock-out/LacZ knock-in mice at 20 weeks. Changes in trabecular bone were more subtle. Our data show that RPTPμ is a new marker for osteocytes
Geological and thermal conditions before the major Palaeoproterozoic gold-mineralization event at Ashanti, Ghana, as inferred from improved thermal modelling

International audienceHeat transfer processes before a major mineralizing event in the Paleoproterozoic continental crust of southern Ghana are the subject of a detailed regional thermal modelling study. The area of the Ashanti belt is the most mineralized for gold in West Africa, and it is believed that prior to the main gold mineralization event, crustal-scale thermal processes may have played a critical role in ore deposit formation. The thermal regime before and after the crustal shortening events that affected the region during the Eburnean orogeny (2130–1980 Ma) is calculated just before the main mineralization event which corresponds to late orogenic hydrothermal gold deposit formation. Measured thermal properties of lithological units are incorporated into the model, which is geometrically constrained by field studies. Computed pressure–temperature paths, compared to thermobarometric data, allow calibration of the model parameters. The temperature-dependence of thermal properties and the influence of compaction on vertically varying conductivities have been considered in the crustal-scale thermal modelling. The predictions from this model indicate that the most probable mantle heat flow value at this time in the region of the Ashanti belt is not, vert, similar30 mW m−2. Such a value is two to three times higher than present-day values below stable cratonic areas and could be considered as an upper limit in geodynamic models of the Paleoproterozoic mantle. This relatively high value might be related to the thermal input from a Paleoproterozoic mantle event such as a mantle plume, as previously suggested by several authors to explain metallogenic crises in West Africa. The P–T paths inferred from numerical modelling also allow discrimination between extreme geological scenarios. Indeed, the results of the modelling suggest that the basement is likely to be of continental rather than of oceanic type in the Ashanti area
Human Interaction in the Regulatory of Telecommunications Infrastructure Deployment in South Africa

Part 5: Research in ProgressInternational audienceTelecommunications is increasingly vital to the society at large, and has become essential to business, academic, as well as social activities. Due to the necessity to have access to telecommunications, the deployment requires regulations and policy. Otherwise, the deployment of the infrastructures would contribute to environment, and human complexities rather than ease of use.However, the formulation of telecommunication infrastructure deployment regulation and policy involve agents such as people and processes. The roles of the agents are critical, and are not as easy as it meant to belief. This could be attributed to different factors, as they produce and reproduce themselves overtime.This paper presents the result of a study which focused on understanding how non-technical factors enable and constrain the development and implementation of telecommunications infrastructure sharing regulations. In the study, the interactions that take place amongst human and non-human agents were investigated. The study employed the duality of structure, of Structuration Theory as lens to understand the effectiveness of interactions in the formulation of regulations, and how policy is used to facilitate the deployment of telecommunications infrastructure in the South African environment
Locating a small change in a multiple scattering environment

International audienceThis article presents an imaging technique to locate a weak perturbation in a multiple scattering environment. We derive a formula to predict the spatio-temporal decorrelation of diffuse coda waves induced by an extra-scatterer. Locating this new defect is formulated as an inverse problem which is solved by a maximum likelihood approach. Using elastic waves in the 50-400~kHz frequency band, we recover the position of a millimetric hole drilled in a concrete sample with a precision of a few cm. Note that the size of the defect is comparable to the size of the myriads of heterogeneities constituting the sample
Earthquakes produce carbon dioxide in crustal faults

International audienceFourier transform infrared (FTIR) micro-analysis of pseudotachylytes (i.e. friction-induced melts produced by seismic slip) from the Nojima fault (Japan) reveals that earthquakes almost instantaneously expel 99 wt% of the wall rock CO2 content. Carbon is exsolved because it is upersaturated in the friction melts. By extrapolation to a crustal-scale fault rupture, large events such as the M7.2 Kobe earthquake (1995) may yield a total production of 1.8 to 3.4 × 103 tons CO2 within a few seconds. This extraordinary release of CO2 can cause a flash fluid pressure increase in the fault plane, and therefore enhance earthquake slip or trigger aftershocks; it may also explain the anomalous discharge of carbon monitored in nearby fault springs after large earthquakes. Because carbon saturation in silicate melts is pressure-dependent, FTIR can be used as a new tool to constrain the maximum depth of pseudotachylyte formation in exhumed faults
Comparative Studies between the Regional Economic Growth Levels Based on the Three-Stage Weight Dynamic Comprehensive Evaluation

Part 5: Modelling and SimulationInternational audienceThis paper proposes a dynamic comprehensive evaluation method based on three times weight. Firstly, this paper determines the index weight based on the twice stage difference driving features. Then it introduces the relative balance coefficient to calculate the comprehensive evaluation value. This method has the following characteristics: 1) The comprehensive evaluation result is totally based on the information provided by the evaluating indicator system, without the influence from subjective factors; 2) The results have direct comparability among different evaluation systems at each time; 3) Motivation or punishment are the characteristics of this method. This approach has been applied to an empirical study of the regional economic growth level during the years of 2001 and 2011. Finally this paper makes related suggestions to the economic development of eight domestic economic regions
Adopt, Adapt, Enact or Use?

Part 1: IS/IT Implementation and AppropriationInternational audienceInformation Systems (IS) are omnipresent in today’s organizations. While much research has been performed on adoption, implementation, and use of IS, still many practitioners are faced with IS change endeavors in organizations that equal “death march” projects and fail before or directly after go-live. Research with a positivist stance has thoroughly studied factors that describe individuals’ intentions to adopt or use technology, while largely ignoring social and organizational contexts. Researchers with a constructivist view, on the other hand, have studied how social processes and structures change or emerge in the light of the new IS. We suggest that there is a need to combine what we know from these two streams in an attempt to clarify terminological bafflement that seems to be caused by the different philosophical stances. Our paper contributes by suggesting a framework and methodology for collecting and re-assembling scattered conceptual pieces of organizational and individual IT adoption and integrating them into a coherent understanding
Mapping the forms of meaning in small worlds

International audienceProx is a stochastic method to map the local and global structures of real-world complex networks which are called Small Worlds. Prox transforms a graph into a Markov chain, the states of which are the nodes of the graph in question. Particles wander from one node to another within the graph by following the graph " s edges. It is the dynamics of the particles " trajectories that map the structural properties of the graphs that are studied. Concrete examples are presented in a graph of synonyms to illustrate this approach
Optimal discretion in asylum lawmaking

International audienceThis paper develops a regulatory competition model to study whether and how refugee law should be centralized, and what are the consequences for refugees and for host countries. Varying refugee flows across countries lead some destinations to adopt strict measures. The resulting externality leads to a generalized “race to the bottom” of asylum law. Neither fixed nor minimum standard harmonization are found to be in the interest of both host countries. Especially the most popular destinations like EU border countries would suffer from losing discretion. However, minimum standards would benefit refugees and less popular destinations