pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Properties of nilpotent supergravity

We construct supergravity models where the goldstino multiplet has a gravitational origin, being dual to the chiral curvature superfield. Supersymmetry is nonlinearly realized due to a nilpotent constraint, while the goldstino arises from γ -traces of the gauge-invariant gravitino field strength. After duality transformations one recovers, as expected, the standard Volkov-Akulov Lagrangian coupled to Supergravity, but the gravitational origin of the goldstino multiplet restricts the available types of matter couplings. We also construct explicitly some inflationary models of this type, which contain both the inflaton and the nilpotent superfield
Heavy color-octet particles at the LHC

Many new-physics models, especially those with a color-triplet top-quark partner, contain a heavy color-octet state. The “naturalness” argument for a light Higgs boson requires that the color-octet state be not much heavier than a TeV, and thus it can be pair-produced with large cross sections at high-energy hadron colliders. It may decay preferentially to a top quark plus a top partner, which subsequently decays to a top quark plus a color-singlet state. This singlet can serve as a WIMP dark-matter candidate. Such decay chains lead to a spectacular signal of four top quarks plus missing energy. We pursue a general categorization of the color-octet states and their decay products according to their spin and gauge quantum numbers. We review the current bounds on the new states at the LHC and study the expected discovery reach at the 8-TeV and 14-TeV runs. We also present the production rates at a future 100-TeV hadron collider, where the cross sections will be many orders of magnitude greater than at the 14-TeV LHC. Furthermore, we explore the extent to which one can determine the color octet’s mass, spin, and chiral couplings. Finally, we propose a test to determine whether the fermionic color octet is a Majorana particle
On monopole operators in supersymmetric Chern-Simons-matter theories

We discuss monopole operators in U( N c ) Chern-Simons-matter theories in three space-time dimensions. We mention an apparent problem in the matching of such operators in dualities between non-supersymmetric theories, and suggest a possible resolution. A similar apparent problem exists in the mapping of chiral monopole operators in theories with N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 2 supersymmetry. We show that in many theories the lowest naive chiral monopole operator is actually not chiral, and we find the lowest monopole operator that is actually chiral in these theories. It turns out that there are several different forms of this operator, depending on the number of colors, the number of flavours, and the Chern-Simons level. Since we use the supersymmetric index to find the lowest chiral monopoles, our results for these monopoles are guaranteed to be invariant under the dualities in supersymmetric theories. The theories we discuss are believed to be dual in the ’t Hooft large N c limit to classical high-spin gravity theories. We argue that these theories (supersymmetric or not) should not have classical solutions charged under the U(1) gauge field in the high-spin multiplet
Gradient flow of O(N) nonlinear sigma model at large N

We study the gradient flow equation for the O(N) nonlinear sigma model in two dimensions at large N . We parameterize solution of the field at flow time t in powers of bare fields by introducing the coefficient function X n for the n -th power term ( n = 1 , 3 , ··· ). Reducing the flow equation by keeping only the contributions at leading order in large N , we obtain a set of equations for X n ’s, which can be solved iteratively starting from n = 1. For n = 1 case, we find an explicit form of the exact solution. Using this solution, we show that the two point function at finite flow time t is finite. As an application, we obtain the non-perturbative running coupling defined from the energy density. We also discuss the solution for n = 3 case
Exotic branes and non-geometric fluxes

We present and study ten-dimensional effective actions for various nongeometric fluxes of which exotic branes act as the magnetic sources. Each theory can be regarded as a U -dual version of the β -supergravity, a reformulation of the ten-dimensional supergravity which is suitable for describing non-geometric backgrounds with Q -flux. In each theory, we find a solution that corresponds to the background of an exotic brane and show that it is single-valued up to a gauge transformation, although the same background written in the standard background fields is not single-valued in a usual sense. Further, we also find a solution which corresponds to the background of an instanton that is the electric dual of the exotic brane and discuss its properties
Ω-deformed SYM on a Gibbons-Hawking space

We study an N = 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ , pure U(1) SYM theory on a Gibbons-Hawking space Ω-deformed using the U(1) isometry. The resultant 3D theory, after an appropriate “Nekrasov-Witten” change of variables, is asymptotically equivalent to the undeformed theory at spatial infinity but differs from it as one approaches the NUT centers which are fixed points under the U(1) action. The 3D theory may be recast in the form of a generalized hyperkähler sigma model introduced in [1] where the target space is a one-parameter family of hyperkähler spaces. The hyperkähler fibers have a preferred complex structure which for the deformed theory depends on the parameter of Ω-deformation. The metric on the hyperkähler fiber can be reduced to a standard metric on ℂ × T 2 $$ \mathrm{\mathbb{C}}\times {T}^2 $$ with the modular parameter of the torus depending explicitly on the Ω-deformation parameter. The contribution of the NUT center to the sigma model path integral, expected to be a holomorphic section of a holomorphic line bundle over the target space on grounds of supersymmetry, turns out to be a Jacobi theta function in terms of certain “deformed” variables
Electrical switching to probe complex phases in a frustrated manganite

Electrical switching was used to investigate complex phases induced by Cr-substitution in (Pr1/3Sm2/3)2/3Sr 1/3MnO3. This system was expected to transform from a Type I (Mn4+/Mn3+≈3/7) to Type II (Mn4+/Mn 3+≈1) manganite at critical Cr content, satisfying a virtual Mn4+/Mn3+ ratio close to unity. The phase diagram of (Pr1/3Sm2/3)2/3Sr1/3Mn 0.8Cr0.2O3 including charge/spin ordered/disordered phases was probed by electrical switching. The ferromagnetic insulating phase at <~100 K, located next to the charge-ordered antiferromagnetic phase, exhibited a sudden rise in conductivity upon electric-field biasing. This resulted from the melting of charge ordering, and demonstrated the presence of a crossover regime of two coexisting magnetic orderings
Band gap tuning and orbital mediated electron–phonon coupling in HoFe1−xCrxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1)

We report on the evidenced orbital mediated electron–phonon coupling and band gap tuning in HoFe1−xCrxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) compounds. From the room temperature Raman scattering, it is apparent that the electron-phonon coupling is sensitive to the presence of both the Fe and Cr at the B-site. Essentially, an Ag like local oxygen breathing mode is activated due to the charge transfer between Fe3+ and Cr3+ at around 670 cm−1, this observation is explained on the basis of Franck-Condon mechanism. Optical absorption studies infer that there exists a direct band gap in the HoFe1−xCrxO3 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) compounds. Decrease in band gap until x = 0.5 is ascribed to the broadening of the oxygen p-orbitals as a result of the induced spin disorder due to Fe3+ and Cr3+ at B-site. In contrast, the increase in band gap above x = 0.5 is explained on the basis of the reduction in the available unoccupied d-orbitals of Fe3+ at the conduction band. We believe that above results would be helpful for the development of the optoelectronic devices based on the ortho-ferrites
Calcium-dependent mitochondrial cAMP production enhances aldosterone secretion

Glomerulosa cells secrete aldosterone in response to agonists coupled to Ca2+ increases such as angiotensin II and corticotrophin, coupled to a cAMP dependent pathway. A recently recognized interaction between Ca2+ and cAMP is the Ca2+-induced cAMP formation in the mitochondrial matrix. Here we describe that soluble adenylyl cyclase (sAC) is expressed in H295R adrenocortical cells. Mitochondrial cAMP formation, monitored with a mitochondria-targeted fluorescent sensor (4mtH30), is enhanced by HCO<inf>3</inf> - and the Ca2+ mobilizing agonist angiotensin II. The effect of angiotensin II is inhibited by 2-OHE, an inhibitor of sAC, and by RNA interference of sAC, but enhanced by an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase PDE2A. Heterologous expression of the Ca2+ binding protein S100G within the mitochondrial matrix attenuates angiotensin II-induced mitochondrial cAMP formation. Inhibition and knockdown of sAC significantly reduce angiotensin II-induced aldosterone production. These data provide the first evidence for a cell-specific functional role of mitochondrial cAMP. © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd
Fresnel-based modular solar fields for performance/cost optimization in solar thermal power plants: A comparison with parabolic trough collectors.

Linear Fresnel collectors are identified as a technology that should play a main role in order to reduce cost\ud
of Concentrating Solar Power. An optical and thermal analysis of the different blocks of the solar power plant is carried out, where Fresnel arrays are compared with the most extended linear technology: parabolic trough collectors. It is demonstrated that the optical performance of Fresnel array is very close to that of PTC, with similar values of maximum flux intensities. In addition, if the heat carrier fluid flows in series by the tubes of the receiver, relatively high thermal efficiencies are achieved. Thus, an annual solar to electricity efficiency of 19% is expected, which is similar to the state of the art in PTCs; this is done with a reduction of costs, thanks to lighter structures, that drives to an estimation of LCOE of around 6.5 c€/kWh
Effects of CuO additives and sol-gel technique on NiNb2O6 dielectric ceramics for LTCC application

The effects of CuO additives and sol–gel method synthesis on the sintering behavior, microstructure and the microwave dielectric properties of NiNb2O6 ceramics were investigated systematically. The NiNb2O6 ceramics were synthesized with traditional solid state method and sol–gel method, and the CuO additives were used in the solid state method for comparison. The sintering temperature of NiNb2O6 ceramics with the highest densification can be effectively reduced from about 1275 °C to 1050 and 1100 °C respectively by using CuO additions and sol–gel technique. To study their applicability in low temperature co-fired ceramic technology, dielectric properties have been characterized. The dielectric properties exhibited a significant dependence on the sintering condition, composition and crystal structure of the ceramics. In particular, the 2.5 wt% CuO-doped NiNb2O6 ceramics sintered at 1050 °C have excellent microwave dielectric properties: εr = 21.45, Q × f = 23,531 GHz, τf = −27.9 ppm/°C. While the NiNb2O6 ceramics prepared by sol–gel method obtain microwave dielectric properties as: εr = 19.16, Q × f = 11,149 GHz, τf = −27.3 ppm/°C after sintered at 1100 °C for 2 h
Modifications of oxidized Zircaloy-4 surface in contact with radiolysed wet air

International audienceIn the framework of radioactive waste geological disposal, the long term evolution of the nuclear wastes packages and the release of the radionuclides from the wastes have to be studied. Regarding compacted wastes (cladding tubes) coming from reprocessing of spent fuel, the Zircaloy-4 (zirconium alloy) cladding tubes have been activated and oxidized in reactors. In the disposal, the radioactive waste is exposed to humid air in a first phase and to water after the resaturation phase. In order to better assess the degradation process of these nuclear waste package, the influence of wet air proton radiolysis on the behavior of surface oxidized Zircaloy-4 has been investigated. Radiolysis experiments were performed using an irradiation cell which is associated to an extracted beam. Samples are exposed to wet air, under and without radiolysis, during 12 and 24 h. The water partial pressure has been fixed at 6 and 50 mbar in order to have, respectively, localized adsorbed water molecules and a thin film of adsorbed water. Before and after each treatment, sample surfaces were characterized by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) in order to identify the elements at the topmost surface of the solid. The wet air radiolysis causes changes at the surface of oxidized Zircaloy-4 and influences the corrosion phenomenon. Indeed, an enrichment of tin and the presence of nitrogen species were observed. It could be due to the formation of tritin(II) tetrahydroxide dinitrate and a Zr4+ tetramer on the topmost oxide surface
First detections of the cataclysmic variable AE Aquarii in the near to far infrared with ISO and IRAS: Investigating the various possible thermal and non-thermal contributions

We have used ISO to observe the Magnetic Cataclysmic Variable AE Aquarii in the previously unexplored range from 4.8 $\mu$m up to 170 $\mu$m in the framework of a coordinated multi-wavelength campaign from the radio to optical wavelengths. We have obtained for the first time a spectrum between 4.8 and 7.3 $\mu$m with ISOCAM and ISOPHOT-P: the major contribution comes from the secondary star spectrum, with some thermal emission from the accretion stream, and possibly some additional cyclotron radiation from the post-shock accretion material close to the magnetised white dwarf. Having reprocessed ISOPHOT-C data, we confirm AE Aqr detection at $90~\mu$m and we have re-estimated its upper limit at 170 $\mu$m. In addition, having re-processed IRAS data, we have detected AE Aqr at 60 $\mu$m and we have estimated its upper limits at 12, 25, and 100 $\mu$m. The literature shows that the time-averaged spectrum of AE Aqr increases roughly with frequency from the radio wavelengths up to ${\sim} 761~ \mu$m; our results indicate that it seems to be approximately flat between ~761 and ${\sim} 90 ~\mu$m, at the same level as the 3$\sigma$ upper limit at 170 $\mu$m; and it then decreases from ${\sim} 90 ~\mu$m to ${\sim} 7~ \mu$m. Thermal emission from dust grains or from a circum-binary disc seems to be very unlikely in AE Aqr, unless such a disc has properties substantially different from those predicted recently. Since various measurements and the usual assumptions on the source size suggest a brightness temperature below 109 K at $\lambda \leq 3.4$ mm, we have reconsidered also the possible mechanisms explaining the emission already known from the submillimetre to the radio. The complex average spectrum measured from ${\sim} 7~ \mu$m to the radio must be explained by emission from a plasma composed of more than one "pure" non-thermal electron energy distribution (usually assumed to be a power-law): either a very large volume (diameter $\geq$ 80 times the binary separation) could be the source of thermal bremsstrahlung which would dominate from ${\sim} 10 ~\mu$m to the ~millimetre, with, inside, a non-thermal source of synchrotron which dominates in radio; or, more probably, an initially small infrared source composed of several distributions (possibly both thermal, and non-thermal, mildly relativistic electrons) radiates gyro-synchrotron and expands moderately: it requires to be re-energised in order to lead to the observed, larger, radio source of highly relativistic electrons (in the form of several non-thermal distributions) which produce synchrotron
Characterisation of in-vivo mechanical action of knee braces regarding their anti-drawer effect

International audienceBackgroundThe knee joint is vulnerable to various injuries and degenerative conditions, potentially leading to functional instability. Usual treatments involve knee orthoses to support the joint. However, the level of mechanical action of these devices remains controversial despite high prescription and demand.MethodsThe mechanical ability of three commercial hinged knee braces and one sleeve to prevent a static drawer was evaluated using a GNRB® arthrometer. The testing of both pathological and healthy joints was performed on 16 patients with documented injuries involving the ACL, and an original method allowed decoupling the contribution of the brace.ResultsThe mean stiffness of the three hinged braces ranged between 2.0 and 7.1 N/mm. The most efficient brace was able to exert a restraining force on the joint equivalent to the one exerted by a healthy ACL, up to a 2.8 mm anterior displacement of the tibia. For higher anterior displacements, the restraining force of the brace dropped below the level of action of the intact ACL because of the particular non-linear behaviour of this structure. Finally, the most efficient brace was found to vary from subject to subject.ConclusionsThis study confirmed that fabric-based knee braces may effectively replace the passive mechanical role of the ACL within the low stiffness region of this structure. Although bracing may have other benefits (e.g. proprioception), this shows that they act as an effective passive restraint to low grade anterior laxities. Besides, a high patient-specificity of their effects highlighted the need of personalised objective testing for brace selection
Assisting an Elderly with Early Dementia Using Wireless Sensors Data in Smarter Safer Home

Part 7: e-Health, the New Frontier of Service Science InnovationInternational audienceThe primary aim of this study is to develop a Smart Assistive Living (SAL) platform to enable old people suffering from dementia to stay at home as long as possible. The technology used includes wireless sensor network and broadband network connectivity. The assistive technology aggregates sensor information about environmental, cognitive, physical and physiological factors and integrate them to support the delivery of telehealth and telecare services to older people with mild dementia. The plan for the testing and implementation of the technology and commercial roll out is also briefly outlined
A panchronic study of aspirated fricatives, with new evidence from Pumi

International audienceAspirated fricatives are typologically uncommon sounds, only found in a handful of languages. This paper studies the diachronic pathways leading to the creation of aspirated fricatives. A review of the literature brings out seven such historical pathways. An eighth, heretofore unreported pattern of change is revealed by Shuiluo Pumi, a Sino-Tibetan language spoken in China. These diachronic data have non-trivial implications for phonological modelling as well as for the synchronic typology of sound patterns. First, they provide new evidence for the debate concerning the definition of the feature [+spread glottis]. Second, they explain some of the typological properties of aspirated fricatives, in particular the absence of aspirated fricatives in consonant clusters and the rarity of noncoronal aspirated fricatives
Distributional effects of road pricing: Assessment of nine scenarios for Paris

International audienceThe starting point of this paper is to consider that there is no general answer to the question of the equity of urban road pricing. We therefore simulate and compare the distributional effects on commuters of nine toll scenarios for Paris, assuming that utility is nonlinear in income. We show that the distributional pattern across income groups depends crucially on the level of traffic reduction induced by tolling. Stringent tolls are more favourable to low-income motorists. Equity effects also vary with toll design. Compared to a reference scenario which uniformly charges all motorists driving within Paris, an inbound cordon toll is detrimental to low-incomes. Conversely, granting a rebate to low CO2 emission cars slightly improves their situation while an exemption for Paris residents is neutral. Surprisingly, it matters little for social equity whether toll revenues are allocated to all commuters or solely to public transport users
Bipolar and bivariate models in multi-criteria decision analysis: descriptive and constructive approaches

International audienceMulti-criteria decision analysis studies decision problems in which the alternatives are evaluated on several dimensions or viewpoints. In the problems we consider in this paper, the scales used for assessing the alternatives with respect to a viewpoint are bipolar and univariate or unipolar and bivariate. In the former case, the scale is divided in two zones by a neutral point; a positive feeling is associated to the zone above the neutral point and a negative feeling to the zone below this point. On unipolar bivariate scales, an alternative can receive both a positive and a negative evaluation, reflecting contradictory feelings or stimuli. The paper discusses procedures and models that have been proposed to aggregate multi-criteria evaluations when the scale of each criterion is of one of the two types above. We present both a constructive and a descriptive view on this question; the descriptive approach is concerned with characterizations of models of preference, while the constructive approach aims at building preferences by questioning the decision maker. We show that these views are complementary
Sparse vector Markov switching autoregressive models. Application to multivariate time series of temperature

International audienceMultivariate time series are of interest in many fields including economics and environment. The dynamical processes occurring in these domains often exhibit regimes so that it is common to describe them using Markov Switching vector autoregressive processes. However the estimation of such models is difficult even when the dimension is not so high because of the number of parameters involved. In this paper we propose to use a Smoothly Clipped Absolute DEviation (SCAD) penalization of the likelihood to shrink the parameters. The Expectation Maximization algorithm build for maximizing the penalized likelihood is described in details and tested on daily mean temperature time series
Ruthenium-Grafted Vinylhelicenes: Chiroptical Properties and Redox Switching

International audienceThe properties of mono- and bis-Ru-vinyl[6]helicene complexes (2a and 2b, respectively), recently synthesized using molecular engineering of helicenes based on the grafting of lateral organometallic substituents on the  π-helical backbone via a vinyl bridge, are presented in detail. These helicene derivatives are thoroughly characterized, with special attention given to their chiroptical properties and redox switching activity. The UV-vis and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra of P and M enantiopure species, both in neutral and oxidized states ([2a]·+, [2b]·+, and [2b]2+) are analyzed with the aid of quantum-chemical calculations. The extended  π-conjugation between Ru centers and helicenic ligandsfacilitated by the vinyl moiety, clearly visible in the electronic structures of 2a,b, introduces new active bands in the ECD spectra that lead in consequence to a significant increase in optical rotation of Ru-vinylhelicenes compared to the organic precursors. The vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra were measured and calculated for both organic and organometallic species and constitute the first examples of VCD for metal-based helicene derivatives. Finally, the redox-triggered chiroptical switching activity of 2a,b is examined in detail using ECD spectroscopy. The modifications of the ECD spectra in the UV-vis and NIR region are well reproduced and rationalized by theory