pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Functional estimates for derivatives of the modified Bessel function K0 and related exponential functions

Let K0 denote the modified Bessel function of second kind and zeroth order. In this paper we will study the function ω~n(x):=(-x)nK0(n)(x)n! for positive argument. The function ω~n plays an important role for the formulation of the wave equation in two spatial dimensions as a retarded potential integral equation. We will prove that the growth of the derivatives ω~n(m) with respect to n can be bounded by O((n+1)m/2) while for small and large arguments x the growth even becomes independent of n. These estimates are based on an integral representation of K0 which involves the function gn(t)=tnn!exp(-t) and its derivatives. The estimates then rely on a subtle analysis of gn and its derivatives which we will also present in this pape
Risk-factors for methadone-specific deaths in Scotland's methadone-prescription clients between 2009 and 2013

Aim: To quantify gender, age-group and quantity of methadone prescribed as risk factors for drugs-related deaths (DRDs), and for methadone-specific DRDs, in Scotland's methadone-prescription clients. Design: Linkage to death-records for Scotland's methadone-clients with one or more Community Health Index (CHI)-identified methadone prescriptions during July 2009 to June 2013. Setting: Scotland's Prescribing Information System and National Records of Scotland. Measurements: Covariates defined at first CHI-identified methadone prescription, and person-years at-risk (pys) thereafter until the earlier of death-date or 31 December 2013. Methadone-specific DRDs were defined as: methadone implicated but neither heroin nor buprenorphine. Hazard ratios (HRs) were assessed using proportional hazards regression. Findings: Scotland's CHI-identified methadone-prescription cohort comprised 33,128 clients, 121,254 pys, 1,171 non-DRDs and 760 DRDs (6.3 per 1,000 pys), of which 362 were methadone-specific. Irrespective of gender, methadone-specific DRD-rate, per 1,000 pys, was higher in the 35+ age-group (4.2; 95% CI: 3.6-4.7) than for younger clients (1.9; 95% CI: 1.5-2.2). For methadone-specific DRDs, age-related HRs (e.g., 2.9 at 45+ years; 95% CI: 2.1-3.9) were steeper than for all DRDs (1.9; 95% CI: 1.5-2.4); there was no hazard-reduction for females; no gender by age-group interaction; and, unlike for all DRDs, the highest quintile for quantity of prescribed methadone at cohort-entry (>1960mg) was associated with increased HR (1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.5). Conclusion: Higher methadone-specific DRD rates in older clients, irrespective of gender, call for better understanding of methadone's pharmaco-dynamics in older, opioid-dependent clients, many with progressive physical or mental ill-health
Change in cardio-protective medication and health related quality of life after diagnosis of screen-detected diabetes: results from the ADDITION-Cambridge cohort

Aims: 
Establishing a balance between the benefits and harms of treatment is important among individuals with screen-detected diabetes, for whom the disease is asymptomatic, but the burden of being diagnosed and treated tangible. We aimed to describe the association between cardio-protective medication and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among individuals with screen-detected diabetes.
Methods: 
867 participants with screen-detected diabetes underwent clinical measurements at diagnosis, one and five years. General HRQoL (EQ5D) was measured at baseline, one- and five-years, and diabetes-specific HRQoL (ADDQoL-AWI) and health status (SF-36) at one and five years. 
Results:  
The median (IQR) number of prescribed CVD agents was 2 (1 to 3) at diagnosis, 3 (2 to 4) at one year and 4 (3 to 5) at five years. Change in cardio-protective medication was not associated with change in HRQoL from diagnosis to one year. One to five years results were inconsistent between general and disease specific measures. From one year to five years, change in the number agents was not associated with change in the SF-36 MCS, while one additional agent was associated with an increase in the SF-36 PCS (2.1; 95%CI 0.4, 3.8), and more than one additional agent was associated with an increase in the EQ-5D (0.05; 95%CI 0.02, 0.08). Conversely, one additional agent was associated with a decrease in the ADDQoL-AWI (-0.32; 95%CI -0.51, -0.13), relevant to no change.  
Conclusions: 
We found little evidence that increases in the number of cardio-protective medications impacted negatively on HRQoL among individuals with screen-detected diabetes over five years of follow-up.ADDITION-Cambridge was supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant reference No G061895) the Medical Research Council (grant reference no: G0001164), National Health Service R&D support funding (including the Primary Care Research and Diabetes Research Networks), and the National Institute for Health Research. We received an unrestricted grant from University of Aarhus, Denmark, to support the ADDITION-Cambridge trial. Bio-Rad provided equipment to undertake capillary glucose screening by HbA1c in general practice. The Primary Care Research Unit is supported by NIHR Research funds. SJG receives support from the Department of Health NIHR Programme Grant funding scheme (RP-PG-0606-1259). This article presents independent research funded by the NIHR under the Programme Grants for Applied Research programme (RP-PG-0606-1259]. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR, or the Department of Health.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2015.04.01
Measurement of the WW cross section in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous gauge couplings

This Letter reports a measurement of the WW   production cross section in√s = 7 TeV pp collisions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb[superscript −1] collected with the ATLAS detector. Using leptonic decays of oppositely charged W   bosons, the total measured cross section is σ(pp→WW) = 54.4±4.0 (stat.) ±3.9 (syst.) ±2.0 (lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of σ(pp→WW) = 44.4±2.8 pb. Limits on anomalous electroweak triple-gauge couplings are extracted from a fit to the transverse-momentum distribution of the leading charged lepton in the event.European Organization for Nuclear ResearchUnited States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
BINARY CENTRAL STARS OF PLANETARY NEBULAE DISCOVERED THROUGH PHOTOMETRIC VARIABILITY. III. THE CENTRAL STAR OF ABELL 65

A growing number of close binary stars are being discovered among central stars of planetary nebulae. Recent and ongoing surveys are finding new systems and contributing to our knowledge of the evolution of close binary systems. The push to find more systems was largely based on early discoveries which suggested that 10%–15% of all central stars are close binaries. One goal of this series of papers is confirmation and classification of these systems as close binaries and determination of binary system parameters. Here we provide time-resolved multi-wavelength photometry of the central star of Abell 65 as well as further analysis of the nebula and discussion of possible binary–nebula connections. Our results for Abell 65 confirm recent work showing that it has a close, cool binary companion, though several of our model parameters disagree with the recently published values. With our longer time baseline of photometric observations from 1989 to 2009 we also provide a more precise orbital period of 1.0037577 days.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant AST-1109683
Classical W-Algebras and Generalized Drinfeld–Sokolov Hierarchies for Minimal and Short Nilpotents

We derive explicit formulas for λ-brackets of the affine classical  W-algebras attached to the minimal and short nilpotent elements of any simple Lie algebra g. This is used to compute explicitly the first non-trivial PDE of the corresponding integrable generalized Drinfeld–Sokolov hierarchies. It turns out that a reduction of the equation corresponding to a short nilpotent is Svinolupov’s equation attached to a simple Jordan algebra, while a reduction of the equation corresponding to a minimal nilpotent is an integrable Hamiltonian equation on 2h ˇ−3 functions, where h ˇ is the dual Coxeter number of  g. In the case when g is sl2 both these equations coincide with the KdV equation. In the case when g is not of type  C[subscript n], we associate to the minimal nilpotent element of g  yet another generalized Drinfeld–Sokolov hierarchy.Simons Foundation (Simons Fellowship
A New Approach to Ocean Eddy Detection, Tracking, and Event Visualization : Application to the Northwest Pacific Ocean

High-resolution ocean general circulation models have advanced the numerical study of ocean eddies. To gain an understanding of ocean eddies from the large volume of data produced by simulations, visualizing just the distribution of eddies at each time step is insufficient; time- variations in eddy events and phenomena must also be considered. However, existing methods cannot accurately detect and track eddy events such as amalgamation and bifurcation. In this study, we propose a new approach for eddy detection, tracking, and event visualization based on an eddy classification system. The proposed method detects streams and currents in addition to eddies, and it classifies detected eddies into several categories using the additional stream and current information. By tracking how the classified eddies vary over time, it is possible to detect events such as eddy amalgamation and bifurcation as well as the interaction between eddies and ocean currents. We visualize the detected eddies and events in a time series of images (or animation), enabling us to gain an intuitive understanding of a region of interest hidden in a high-resolution data set.International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS) 2016 (November 28-December 2, 2016, Paris, France
Formation of X-ray emitting stationary shocks in magnetized\ud
protostellar jets

Context. X-ray observations of protostellar jets show evidence of strong shocks heating the plasma up to temperatures of a few million degrees. In some cases, the shocked features appear to be stationary. They are interpreted as shock diamonds. Aims. We aim at investigating the physics that guides the formation of X-ray emitting stationary shocks in protostellar jets, the role of the magnetic field in determining the location, stability, and detectability in X-rays of these shocks, and the physical properties of the shocked plasma.\ud
Methods. We performed a set of 2.5-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations modelling supersonic jets ramming into a magnetized medium and explored different configurations of the magnetic field. The model takes into account the most relevant physical effects, namely thermal conduction and radiative losses. We compared the model results with observations, via the emission measure and the X-ray luminosity synthesized from the simulations.\ud
Results. Our model explains the formation of X-ray emitting stationary shocks in a natural way. The magnetic field collimates the plasma at the base of the jet and forms there a magnetic nozzle. After an initial transient, the nozzle leads to the formation of a shock diamond at its exit which is stationary over the time covered by the simulations (∼ 40 − 60 yr; comparable with time scales of the observations). The shock generates a point-like X-ray source located close to the base of the jet with luminosity comparable with that inferred from X-ray observations of protostellar jets. For the range of parameters explored, the evolution of the post-shock plasma is dominated by the radiative cooling, whereas the thermal conduction slightly affects the structure of the shock
Exhuming the Meso-Cenozoic Kyrgyz Tianshan and Siberian Altai-Sayan: a review based on low-temperature thermochronology

Thermochronological datasets for the Kyrgyz Tianshan and Siberian Altai-Sayan within Central Asia reveal a punctuated exhumation history during the Meso–Cenozoic. In this paper, the datasets for both regions are collectively reviewed in order to speculate on the links between the Meso–Cenozoic exhumation of the continental Eurasian interior and the prevailing tectonic processes at the plate margins. Whereas most of the thermochronological data across both regions document late Jurassic–Cretaceous regional basement cooling, older landscape relics and dissecting fault zones throughout both regions preserve Triassic and Cenozoic events of rapid cooling, respectively. Triassic cooling is thought to reflect the Qiangtang–Eurasia collision and/or rifting/subsidence in the West Siberian basin. Alternatively, this cooling signal could be related with the terminal terrane-amalgamation of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. For the Kygyz Tianshan, late Jurassic–Cretaceous regional exhumation and Cenozoic fault reactivations can be linked with specific tectonic events during the closure of the Palaeo-Tethys and Neo-Tethys Oceans, respectively. The effect of the progressive consumption of these oceans and the associated collisions of Cimmeria and India with Eurasia probably only had a minor effect on the exhumation of the Siberian Altai-Sayan. More likely, tectonic forces from the east (present-day coordinates) as a result of the building and collapse of the Mongol-Okhotsk orogen and rifting in the Baikal region shaped the current Siberian Altai-Sayan topography. Although many of these hypothesised links need to be tested further, they allow a first-order insight into the dynamic response and the stress propagation pathways from the Eurasian margin into the continental interior.Stijn Glorie, Johan De Grav
Measurement of transverse energy-energy correlations in multi-jet events in pp  collisions at √s =7  TeV using the ATLAS detector and determination of the strong coupling constant αs (m Z )

High transverse momentum jets produced in pp collisions at a centre of mass energy of 7 TeV are used to measure the transverse energy-energy correlation function and its associated azimuthal asymmetry. The data were recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in the year 2011 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 158 pb⁻¹. The selection criteria demand the average transverse momentum of the two leading jets in an event to be larger than 250 GeV. The data at detector level are well described by Monte Carlo event generators. They are unfolded to the particle level and compared with theoretical calculations at next-to-leading-order accuracy. The agreement between data and theory is good and provides a precision test of perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics at large momentum transfers. From this comparison, the strong coupling constant given at the Z  boson mass is determined to be α s (m Z )=0.1173±0.0010 (exp.)  +0.0065 −0.0026  (theo.)
Measurement of the tt ¯ production cross-section as a function of jet multiplicity and jet transverse momentum in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

The tt ¯ production cross-section dependence on jet multiplicity and jet transverse momentum is reported for proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV in the single-lepton channel. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and comprise the full 2011 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb⁻¹. Differential cross-sections are presented as a function of the jet multiplicity for up to eight jets using jet transverse momentum thresholds of 25, 40, 60, and 80 GeV, and as a function of jet transverse momentum up to the fifth jet. The results are shown after background subtraction and corrections for all detector effects, within a kinematic range closely matched to the experimental acceptance. Several QCD-based Monte Carlo models are compared with the results. Sensitivity to the parton shower modelling is found at the higher jet multiplicities, at high transverse momentum of the leading jet and in the transverse momentum spectrum of the fifth leading jet. The MC@NLO+HERWIG MC is found to predict too few events at higher jet multiplicities
Superconformal SU(1, 1|n) mechanics

Recent years have seen an upsurge of interest in dynamical realizations of the superconformal group SU(1, 1|2) in mechanics. Remarking that SU(1, 1|2) is a particular member of a chain of supergroups SU(1, 1|n) parametrized by an integer n, here we begin a systematic study of SU(1, 1|n) multi-particle mechanics. A representation of the superconformal algebra su(1, 1|n) is constructed on the phase space spanned by m copies of the (1, 2n, 2n−1) supermultiplet. We show that the dynamics is governed by two prepotentials V and F, and the Witten-Dijkgraaf-Verlinde-Verlinde equation for F shows up as a consequence of a more general fourth-order equation. All solutions to the latter in terms of root systems reveal decoupled models only. An extension of the dynamical content of the (1, 2n, 2n−1) supermultiplet by angular variables in a way similar to the SU(1, 1|2) case is problematic.DFG/Le-838/12-2MSE/3.825.2014/KRFBR/15-52-05022COST/Action MP1405 QSPAC
Communicative Texts' Modelling of Engineering Profiles as a Methodological Problem

The article presents methodological materials for teaching professional foreign language (Russian), which stimulate foreign students' communicative competence in the sphere of educational and professional communication. The structure of texts in terms of their communicative purpose is analyzed and the subject of speech in the "fabric" of the text based on the example of texts in "General Electrical Engineering" is discussed. The proposed approach introduces international students to the particularities and traditions of the presentation of scientific and technical information adopted by Russian engineering schools as one factor in the development of language culture
The Phenotype and Genotype of Mevalonate Kinase Deficiency: A Series of 114 Cases From the Eurofever Registry

OBJECTIVE: \ud
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is a rare metabolic disease characterized by recurrent inflammatory episodes. This study was undertaken to describe the genotype, phenotype, and response to treatment in an international cohort of MKD patients.\ud
METHODS: \ud
All MKD cases were extracted from the Eurofever registry (Executive Agency for Health and Consumers project no. 2007332), an international, multicenter registry that retrospectively collects data on children and adults with autoinflammatory diseases.\ud
RESULTS: \ud
The study included 114 MKD patients. The median age at onset was 0.5 years. Patients had on average 12 episodes per year. Most patients had gastrointestinal symptoms (n = 112), mucocutaneous involvement (n = 99), lymphadenopathy (n = 102), or musculoskeletal symptoms (n = 89). Neurologic symptoms included headache (n = 43), cerebellar syndrome (n = 2), and mental retardation (n = 4). AA amyloidosis was noted in 5 patients, almost twice as many as expected from findings in previous cohorts. Macrophage activation syndrome occurred in 1 patient. Patients were generally well between attacks, but 10-20% of the patients had constitutional symptoms, such as fatigue, between fever episodes. Patients with p.V377I/p.I268T compound heterozygosity had AA amyloidosis significantly more often. Patients without a p.V377I mutation more often had severe musculoskeletal involvement. Treatment with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs relieved symptoms. Steroids given during attacks, anakinra, and etanercept appeared to improve symptoms and could induce complete remission in patients with MKD.\ud
CONCLUSION: \ud
We describe the clinical and genetic characteristics of 114 MKD patients, which is the largest cohort studied so far. The clinical manifestations confirm earlier reports. However, the prevalence of AA amyloidosis is far higher than expected
Higher harmonic flow coefficients of identified hadrons in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV

The elliptic, triangular, quadrangular and pentagonal anisotropic flow coefficients for π±, K± and p+p¯¯¯ in Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV were measured with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The results were obtained with the Scalar Product method, correlating the identified hadrons with reference particles from a different pseudorapidity region. Effects not related to the common event symmetry planes (non-flow) were estimated using correlations in pp collisions and were subtracted from the measurement. The obtained flow coefficients exhibit a clear mass ordering for transverse momentum (pT) values below ≈ 3 GeV/c. In the intermediate pT region (3 < pT< 6 GeV/c), particles group at an approximate level according to the number of constituent quarks, suggesting that coalescence might be the relevant particle production mechanism in this region. The results for pT< 3 GeV/c are described fairly well by a hydrodynamical model (iEBE-VISHNU) that uses initial conditions generated by A Multi-Phase Transport model (AMPT) and describes the expansion of the fireball using a value of 0.08 for the ratio of shear viscosity to entropy density (η/s), coupled to a hadronic cascade model (UrQMD). Finally, expectations from AMPT alone fail to quantitatively describe the measurements for all harmonics throughout the measured transverse momentum region. However, the comparison to the AMPT model highlights the importance of the late hadronic rescattering stage to the development of the observed mass ordering at low values of pT and of coalescence as a particle production mechanism for the particle type grouping at intermediate values of pT for all harmonics
Quantum Kerr tunneling vacua on a (DD¯)4-brane: An emergent Kerr black hole in five dimensions

AbstractA non-perturbation formalism underlying a quantum theory of gravity is revisited by exploiting a two form in a non-linear U(1) gauge theory on a D4-brane. In particular, we explore two different gauge choices for a two form underlying the dynamics of a higher dimensional geometric torsion in a second order formalism. We obtain two non-extremal quantum Kerr geometries in five dimensions on a pair of (DD¯)4-brane in a type IIA superstring theory. In the gauge choice, the quantum vacua may seen to underlie a non-propagating torsion on a non-BPS brane. It is argued that the quantum Kerr vacua undergo tunneling and lead to a five dimensional Einstein Kerr black hole in a low energy limit
Agent-based simulation of emergency response to plan the allocation of resources for a hypothetical two-site major incident

AbstractDuring a major incident, the emergency services work together to ensure that those casualties who are critically injured are identified and transported to an appropriate hospital as fast as possible. If the incident is multi-site and resources are limited, the efficiency of this process is compromised as the finite resources must be shared among the multiple sites. In this paper, agent-based simulation is used to determine the allocation of resources for a two-site incident which minimizes the latest hospital arrival times for critically injured casualties. Further, how the optimal resource allocation depends on the distribution of casualties across the two sites is investigated. Such application supports the use of agent-based simulation as a tool to aid emergency response