pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Are the school version of the assessment of motor and process skills measures valid for German-speaking children?

Background: There are no validated assessment tools for evaluating quality of schoolwork task performance of children living in German-speaking Europe (GSE).

Objective: To determine whether the international age-normative means of the School Version of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (School AMPS) are valid for use in GSE.

Methods: The participants were 159 typically-developing children, 3-12 years, from GSE. We examined the proportions of School AMPS measures falling within ±2 standard deviation (SD) of the international age-normative means, and evaluated for significant group differences (p < 0.05) in mean School AMPS measures between the GSE sample and the international age-normative sample using one-sample Z tests. When significant mean differences were found, we evaluated if the differences were clinically meaningful.

Results: At least 95% of the GSE School AMPS measures fell within ±2 SD of the international age-normative means for the School AMPS. The only significant mean differences were for 6- (p < 0.01) and 8-year-olds (p = 0.02), and only the 6-year-old school process mean difference was clinically meaningful.

Conclusions: Because the only identified clinically meaningful difference was associated with likely scoring error of one rater, the international age-normative means of the School AMPS appear to be valid for use with children in GSE
Robust quantum parameter estimation: Coherent magnetometry with feedback

We describe the formalism for optimally estimating and controlling both the state of a spin ensemble and a scalar magnetic field with information obtained from a continuous quantum limited measurement of the spin precession due to the field. The full quantum parameter estimation model is reduced to a simplified equivalent representation to which classical estimation and control theory is applied. We consider both the tracking of static and fluctuating fields in the transient and steady-state regimes. By using feedback control, the field estimation can be made robust to uncertainty about the total spin number
16-dimensional smooth projective planes with large collineation groups

Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch)Smooth projective planes are projective planes defined on smooth manifolds (i.e. the set of points and the set of lines are smooth manifolds) such that the geometric operations of join and intersection are smooth. A systematic study of such planes and of their collineation groups can be found in previous works of the author. We prove in this paper that a 16-dimensional smooth projective plane which admits a collineation group of dimension d ≥ 39 is isomorphic to the octonion projective plane P2 O. For topological compact projective planes this is true if d ≥ 41. Note that there are nonclassical topological planes with a collineation group of dimension 40
The experimental program for high pressure gas filled radio frequency cavities for muon cooling channels

An intense beam of muons is needed to provide a luminosity on the order of 10(34) cm(-2)s(-1) for a multi-TeV collider. Because muons produced by colliding a multi-MW proton beam with a target made of carbon or mercury have a large phase space, significant six dimensional cooling is required. Through ionization cooling - the only cooling method that works within the lifetime of the muon - and emittance exchange, the desired emittances for a Higgs Factory or higher energy collider are attainable. A cooling channel utilizing gas filled radio frequency cavities has been designed to deliver the requisite cool muon beam. Technology development of these RF cavities has progressed from breakdown studies, through beam tests, to dielectric loaded and reentrant cavity designs. The results of these experiments are summarized
20-150 keV proton impact induced ionization of uracil: fragmentation ratios and branching ratios for electron capture and direct ionization

submitted to Phys. Rev. AFragmentation ratios have been measured for ionization and dissociative ionization for 20-150 keV (0.9-2.4 v0) proton collisions with gas-phase uracil molecules. Through event-by-event determination of the post-collision projectile charge, it is possible for the first time for such a key biomolecule to distinguish between electron capture (EC) by the incident proton and direct ionization (DI) without projectile neutralization. While the same fragment ion groups are observed in the mass spectrum for both processes, electron capture induces dissociation with greater efficiency than direct ionization in the impact energy range of 35-150 keV (1.2-2.4 v0). In this range electron capture is also less abundant than direct ionization with a branching ratio for electron capture / total ionization of < 50%. Moreover, whereas fragmentation ratios do not change with energy in case of electron capture, direct ionization mass spectra show a tendency for increased fragmentation at lower impact energies
Shape coexistence and phase transitions in the platinum isotopes

The matrix coherent-state approach of the interacting boson model with configuration mixing is used to study the geometry of the platinum isotopes. With a parameter set determined in previous studies, it is found that the absolute minimum of the potential for the Pt isotopes evolves from spherical to oblate and finally to prolate shapes when the neutron number decreases from N=126 (semi-magic) to N=104 (mid-shell). Shape coexistence is found in the isotopes 182,184,186,188Pt. A phase diagram is constructed that shows the coexistence region as a function of the number of bosons and the strength of the mixing parameter
Pain intensity attenuates movement control of the lumbar spine in low back pain

Pain intensity attenuates muscular activity, proprioception, and tactile acuity, with consequent changes of joint kinematics. People suffering from low back pain (LBP) frequently show movement control impairments of the lumbar spine in sagittal plane. This cross-sectional, observational study investigated if the intensity of LBP attenuates lumbar movement control. The hypothesis was that lumbar movement control becomes more limited with increased pain intensity. Methods: The effect of LBP intensity, measured with a numeric rating scale (NRS), on lumbar movement control was tested using three movement control tests. The lumbar range of motion (ROM), the ratio of lumbar and hip ROM as indicators of direction specific movement control, and the recurrence and determinism of repetitive lumbar movement patterns were assessed in ninety-four persons suffering from LBP of different intensity and measured with an inertial measurement unit system. Generalized linear models were fitted for each outcome. Results: Lumbar ROM (+0.03°, p = 0.24) and ratio of lumbar and hip ROM (0.01, p = 0.84) were unaffected by LBP intensity. Each one point increase on the NRS resulted in a decrease of recurrence and determinism of lumbar movement patterns (−3.11 to −0.06, p ⩽ 0.05). Discussion: Our results indicate changes in movement control in people suffering from LBP. Whether decreased recurrence and determinism of lumbar movement patterns are intensifiers of LBP intensity or a consequence thereof should be addressed in a future prospective study
Nanoscale patterning with block copolymers

The self-assembly processes of block copolymers offer interesting strategies to create patterns on nanometer length scales. The polymeric constituents, substrate surface properties, and experimental conditions all offer parameters that allow the control and optimization of pattern formation for specific applications. We review how such patterns can be obtained and discuss some potential applications using these patterns as (polymeric) nanostructures or templates, e.g. for nanoparticle assembly. The method offers interesting possibilities in combination with existing high-resolution lithography methods, and could become of particular interest in microtechnology and biosensing
Feret coefficients for white self-compacting concrete

Abstract  Several tests on white mortar, micro-concrete, concrete and self-compacting concrete, considering different additions and admixtures, were conducted to characterize white cement and determine the corresponding Feret coefficients.  It was concluded that: (1) it is possible to make different mixtures of white self-compacting concrete (WSCC) with the materials adopted; (2) the method suggested by the JSCE is the one that better adapts to the studied WSCC mixtures; (3) the obtained values for the Feret coefficients can help the concrete designer predicting the compressive strength of the WSCC; (4) the Feret coefficients for WSCC are different from those for regular, white or gray, concrete.1359-5997 ? 2005 RILEM. All rights reserved.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11527-005-9048-
Cipher, A Polarimeter Telescope Concept for Hard X-Ray Astronomy

Abstract  The polarisation of astrophysical source emission in the energy range from a few tens of keV up to the MeV region is an almost unexplored field of high-energy astrophysics. Till date, polarimetry in astrophysics–in the energy domain from hard X-rays up to soft ?-rays–has not been pursued due to the difficulties involved in obtaining sufficient sensitivity. Indeed for those few instruments that are capable of performing this type of measurement (e.g. the COMPTEL instrument on the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory and the IBIS instrument on INTEGRAL), polarimetry itself plays a secondary role in the mission objectives, as the efficiencies (0.5% and 10% maximum, respectively) and polarimetric Q factors (0.1 and 0.3, respectively) are relatively limited. In order to perform efficient polarimetric measurements for hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray sources, with an instrument of relatively robust and simple design, a CdTe based telescope (CIPHER: Coded Imager and Polarimeter for High Energy Radiation) is under study. This instrument is based on a thick (10 mm) CdTe position-sensitive spectrometer comprising four modules of 32 32 individual pixels, each with a surface area of 2 2 mm2 (about 160 cm2 total detection area). The polarimetric performance and design optimisation of the CIPHER detection surface have been studied by use of a Monte Carlo code. This detector, due to its intrinsic geometry, can allow efficient polarimetric measurements to be made between 100 keV and 1 MeV. In order to predict the polarimetric performance and to optimise the design and concept of the CIPHER detection plane, a Monte Carlo code based on GEANT4 library modules was developed to simulate the detector behaviour under a polarised photon flux. The Compton double event efficiency, as well bi-dimensional double event distribution maps and the corresponding polarimetric modulation factor will be presented and discussed. Modulation Q factors better than 0.50 and double event total efficiencies greater than 10% were calculated in the energy range between 100 keV and 1 MeV. Herein we will present and discuss the general problems that affect polarimetric measurements in space, such as the inclination of the source with respect to the telescope optical axis and background radiation. Q factor calculations for several beam inclinations as well as for background together with simulated astronomical sources will be presented and discussed.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:EXPA.0000028168.26442.3
Belowground mutualists and the invasive ability of  Acacia longifolia in coastal dunes of Portugal

The ability to form symbiotic associations with soil microorganisms and the consequences for plant growth were studied for three woody legumes grown in five different soils of a Portuguese coastal dune system. Seedlings of the invasive Acacia longifolia and the natives Ulex europaeus and Cytisus grandiflorus were planted in the five soil types in which at least one of these species appear in the studied coastal dune system. We found significant differences between the three woody legumes in the number of nodules produced, final plant biomass and shoot 15N content. The number of nodules produced by A. longifolia was more than five times higher than the number of nodules produced by the native legumes. The obtained 15N values suggest that both A. longifolia and U. europaeus incorporated more biologically-fixed nitrogen than C. grandiflorus which is also the species with the smallest distribution. Finally, differences were also found between the three species in the allocation of biomass in the different studied soils. Acacia longifolia displayed a lower phenotypic plasticity than the two native legumes which resulted in a greater allocation to aboveground biomass in the soils with lower nutrient content. We conclude that the invasive success of A. longifolia in the studied coastal sand dune system is correlated to its capacity to nodulate profusely and to use the biologically-fixed nitrogen to enhance aboveground growth in soils with low N content.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-008-9280-
A web spatial decision support system for vehicle routing using Google Maps

This article presents a user-friendly web-based Spatial Decision Support System (wSDSS) aimed at
generating optimized vehicle routes for multiple vehicle routing problems that involve serving the
demand located along arcs of a transportation network. The wSDSS incorporates Google Maps™
(cartography and network data), a database, a heuristic and an ant-colony meta-heuristic developed by
the authors to generate routes and detailed individual vehicle route maps. It accommodates realistic
system specifics, such as vehicle capacity and shift time constraints, as well as network constraints
such as one-way streets and prohibited turns. The wSDSS can be used for “what-if” analysis related to
possible changes to input parameters such as vehicle capacity, maximum driving shift time, seasonal
variations of demand, network modifications, imposed arc orientations, etc. Since just a web browser
is needed, it can be easily adapted to be widely used in many real-world situations. The system was
tested for urban trash collection in Coimbra, Portugal
Putnam's Diagonal Argument and the Impossibility of a Universal Learning Machine

Putnam construed the aim of Carnap's program of inductive logic as the specification of a "universal learning machine," and presented a diagonal proof against the very possibility of such a thing. Yet the ideas of Solomonoff and Levin lead to a mathematical foundation of precisely those aspects of Carnap’s program that Putnam took issue with, and in particular, resurrect the notion of a universal mechanical rule for induction. \ud
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In this paper, I take up the question whether the Solomonoff–Levin proposal is successful in this respect. I expose the general strategy to evade Putnam's argument, leading to a broader discussion of the outer limits of mechanized induction. I argue that this strategy ultimately still succumbs to diagonalization, reinforcing Putnam’s impossibility claim
Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis with Autologous Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Pilot Study

Producción CientíficaOsteoarthritis is the most prevalent joint disease and a frequent cause of joint pain, functional loss, and
disability. Osteoarthritis often becomes chronic, and conventional treatments have demonstrated only modest clinical
benefits without lesion reversal. Cell-based therapies have shown encouraging results in both animal studies and a few
human case reports. We designed a pilot study to assess the feasibility and safety of osteoarthritis treatment with
mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) in humans and to obtain early efficacy information for this treatment.2015-09-3
A low-cost head and eye tracking system for realistic eye movements in virtual avatars

A virtual avatar or autonomous agent is a digital representation of a human being that can be controlled by either a human or an artificially intelligent computer system.  Increasingly avatars are becoming realistic virtual human characters that exhibit human behavioral traits, body language and eye and head movements. As the interpretation of eye and head movements represents an important part of nonverbal human communication it is extremely important to accurately reproduce these movements in virtual avatars to avoid falling into the well-known ``uncanny valley''.  In this paper we present a cheap hybrid real-time head and eye tracking system based on existing open source software and commonly available hardware. Our evaluation indicates that the system of head and eye tracking is stable and accurate and can allow a human user to robustly puppet a virtual avatar, potentially allowing us to train an A.I. system to learn realistic human head and eye movements
A method for revealing phase space structures of general time dependent dynamical systems

In this paper we develop new techniques for revealing geometrical structures in phase space that are valid for aperiodically time dependent dynamical systems, which we refer to as Lagrangian descriptors. These quantities are based on the integration, for a finite time, along trajectories of an intrinsic bounded, positive geometrical and/or physical property of the trajectory itself. We discuss a general methodology for constructing Lagrangian descriptors, and we discuss a “heuristic argument” that explains why this method is successful for revealing geometrical structures in the phase space of a dynamical system. We support this argument by explicit calculations on a benchmark problem having a hyperbolic fixed point with stable and unstable manifolds that are known analytically. Several other benchmark examples are considered that allow us the assess the performance of Lagrangian descriptors in revealing invariant tori and regions of shear. Throughout the paper “side-by-side” comparisons of the performance of Lagrangian descriptors with both finite time Lyapunov exponents (FTLEs) and finite time averages of certain components of the vector field (“time averages”) are carried out and discussed. In all cases Lagrangian descriptors are shown to be both more accurate and computationally efficient than these methods. We also perform computations for an explicitly three dimensional, aperiodically time-dependent vector field and an aperiodically time dependent vector field defined as a data set. Comparisons with FTLEs and time averages for these examples are also carried out, with similar conclusions as for the benchmark examples
The Ising-Sherrington-Kirpatrick model in a magnetic field at high
  temperature

We study a spin system on a large box with both Ising interaction and
Sherrington-Kirpatrick couplings, in the presence of an external field. Our
results are: (i) existence of the pressure in the limit of an infinite box.
When both Ising and Sherrington-Kirpatrick temperatures are high enough, we
prove that: (ii) the value of the pressure is given by a suitable replica
symmetric solution, and (iii) the fluctuations of the pressure are of order of
the inverse of the square of the volume with a normal distribution in the
limit. In this regime, the pressure can be expressed in terms of random field
Ising models
Experimental Investigation of Asymmetric Spinnaker Aerodynamics Using Pressure and Sail Shape Measurements

 Combines on-water sail pressure and shape measurements to determine forces
 International collaboration involving researchers in France and New Zealand
 First published results of such measurements on asymmetric spinnakers
 Accuracy of the shape predictions from the highly curved sails is shown to be good
 Results give fine details of the pressure distributions along the height and chord
 Full-scale results from measurements on both a Stewart 34 and a J80An innovative method combining simultaneous on-water pressure and sail shape measurements for determining aerodynamic forces produced by sails is described and used on Stewart 34 and J80 Class yachts flying asymmetric spinnakers. Data were recorded in light and medium winds in order to check the reliability, accuracy and repeatability of the system. Results showed similar trends to the published literature. The accuracy of the system was investigated by wind tunnel tests, with determination of the entire sail shape from the stripe images recorded by the camera-based (VSPARS) system, and was found to be relatively good. Generally the pressure distributions show a leading edge suction peak, occurring at 5 to 10% of the chord length, followed by a pressure recovery and then a suction increase due to the sail curvature, with finally a reduction in suction near the trailing edge. The drive force coefficient measured on the Stewart 34 is lower than for the J80 because of a non-optimal sail shape due to light winds. On a reaching course, the standard deviation of the pressure signals was largest near the luff, reducing in the stream-wise direction, while it was high on the entire sail section when sailing on a running course.This project has received funding from the European Union’s Seventh Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement No PIRSES-GA-2012-318924, and from the Royal Society of New Zealand for the UK-France-NZ collaboration project SAILING FLUIDS
Direct and indirect climate forcing in a multi-species marine system

Interactions within and between species complicate quantification of climate effects, by causing indirect, often delayed, effects of climate fluctuations and compensation of mortality. Here we identify direct and indirect climate effects by analysing unique Russian time-series data from the Norwegian Sea–Barents Sea ecosystem on the first life stages of cod, capelin, herring and haddock, their predators, competitors and zooplanktonic prey. By analysing growth and survival from one life stage to the next (eggs–larvae– juveniles–recruits), we find evidence for both bottom-up, direct and top-down effects of climate. Ambient zooplankton biomass predicts survival of all species, whereas ambient temperature mainly affects survival through effects on growth. In warm years, all species experienced improved growth and feeding conditions. Cohorts born following a warm year will, however, experience increased predation and competition because of increased densities of subadult cod and herring, leading to delayed climate effects. While climate thus affects early growth and survival through several mechanisms, only some of the identified mechanisms were found to be significant predictors of population growth. In particular, our findings exemplify that climate impacts are barely propagated to later life stages when density dependence is strong
Underlying factors to consider in improving energy yield from biomass source through yeast use on high-pressure homogenizer (HPH)

Pioneering the works of Brookman (1975), Middelberg et al. (1992a, 1992b) and Kleinig and Middelberg (1996), on cell disruption of yeast through high pressure homogenizer (HPH), the underlying factors in improving energy yield from biomass source has to be considered. This has become a global issue for scientists, researchers and policy makers as the energy demand has grown over the years due to the growing population. As cleaner energy has become highly needed for save environment and protection of the climate hence shifting away from the utilization of fossil fuels will be of higher priority. \ud
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In this paper, these factors will be highlighted and discussed herein as well as other parameters that influence the energy production efficiency from the high-pressure homogenizer (HPH) through using yeast as a biomass source. The HPH for consideration in this study is the GYB40-10S; this has a pressure of up to 100 MPa with two stage homogenizing valves pressure. This is adjustable so as to produce superfine, homogenous, stable liquid-liquid or solid-liquid under multiple actions of cavitation effect and high speed impact. And also shear through the adjustable homogenizing pressure valve in the conditions of high pressure and thereby making the material compatible after homogenization