pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A note on instanton effects in ABJM theory

We consider the quantum spectral problem appearing the Fermi gas formulation of the ABJM (Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena) matrix model. This is known to related to the refined topological string on local ℙ 1 × ℙ 1 Calabi-Yau geometry. In the ABJM setting the problem is formulated by an integral equation, and is somewhat different from the one formulated directly in terms of the Calabi-Yau geometry and studied in our earlier paper. We use the similar method in our earlier paper to determine the non-perturbative contributions to the quantum phase volume in the ABJM case from the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization condition. As in our earlier paper, the non-perturbative contributions contain higher order smooth corrections beyond those required by singularity cancellations with the perturbative contributions proposed by Kallen and Marino. Our results imply possible new contributions to the grand potential of the ABJM matrix model
Evidence for C-theorems in 6D SCFTs

Using the recently established classification of 6D SCFTs we present evidence for the existence of families of weak C-functions, that is, quantities which decrease in a flow from the UV to the IR. Introducing a background R-symmetry field strength R , and a non-trivial tangent bundle T on the 6D spacetime, we consider C-functions given by the linear combinations C = m 1 α + m 2 β + m 3 γ, where the α i are the anomaly polynomial coefficients for the formal characteristic classes c 2 ( R ) 2 , c 2 ( R ) p 1 ( T ) and p 1 ( T ) 2 . By performing a detailed sweep over many theories, we determine the shape of the unbounded region in “ m -space” compatible with both Higgs branch flows and tensor branch flows. We also verify that — as expected — the Euler density conformal anomaly falls in the admissible region
k -strings as fundamental strings

It has been noticed that the k -string observables can be expressed in terms of the fundamental string ones. We identify a sufficient condition for a generic gravity dual background which when satisfied the mapping can be done. The condition is naturally related to a preserved quantity under the T-dualities acting on the Dp-brane describing the high representation Wilson loops. We also find the explicit relation between the observables of the heavy k -quark and the single quark states. As an application to our generic study and motivated by the fact that the anisotropic theories satisfy our condition, we compute the width of the k -string in these theories to find that the logarithmic broadening is still present, but the total result is affected by the anisotropy of the space
Notes on entanglement entropy in string theory

In this paper, we study the conical entropy in string theory in the simplest setup of dividing the nine dimensional space into two halves. This corresponds to the leading quantum correction to the horizon entropy in string theory on the Rindler space. This entropy is also called the conical entropy and includes surface term contributions. We first derive a new simple formula of the conical entropy for any free higher spin fields. Then we apply this formula to computations of conical entropy in open and closed superstring. In our analysis of closed string, we study the twisted conical entropy defined by making use of string theory on Melvin backgrounds. This quantity is easier to calculate owing to the folding trick. Our analysis shows that the conical entropy in closed superstring is UV finite owing to the string scale cutoff
3d duality with adjoint matter from 4d duality

We study the Seiberg dualities with an adjoint matter for the U(N) and the SU(N) gauge groups in three- and four-dimensions with four supercharges. The relation between three- and four-dimensional dualities is investigated. We derive the three-dimensional duality from four-dimensional one by the dimensional reduction including the non-perturbative effect of the S 1 $$ {\mathbb{S}}^1 $$ -compactification. In the U(N) case, we obtain the Kim-Park duality which is known as a generalization of the Aharony duality to including an adjoint matter. In the SU(N) case, we obtain the duality which follows from un-gauging the U(N) Kim-Park duality
Polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments of the Tam Guang-Cau Hai Lagoon, Central Vietnam

The Tam Giang-Cau Hai Lagoon, the largest in south east Asia, suffers from a great anthropogenic pressure and appears subject to a\ud
process of progressive environmental deterioration. To establish causes, history and trends of lagoon contamination, sediment samples\ud
representing three major parts of the systems were sampled and analysed for porosity, organic carbon, total nitrogen, d13C, grain size,\ud
radiotracers and PCBs. PCB surficial concentrations range from 10.2 to 24.5 lg kg1, and maximum values are close to NOAA ERL\ud
guidelines. The downcore distribution of PCBs shows two well defined peaks in the core from Tam Giang (25.5 and 16.2 lg kg1),\ud
whereas the sediment from Cau Hai is characterised by a maximum at the surface. Therefore, present trends indicate that contamination\ud
is still increasing or slightly decreasing. The prevailing congeners are 3-CB and 4-CB, hence recent PCBs appear to be mostly originated\ud
by Aroclor 1016- and 1242-like mixtures, with some samples influenced also by Aroclor 1248. Present sources seem to be similar everywhere\ud
and probably they are widespread all over the territory of the Thua Thien-Hue province
Phase diagram of a tetrahedral patchy particle model for different interaction ranges

We evaluate the phase diagram of the Kern-Frenkel patchy model with four interaction sites for four different values of the radial interaction range (all in the single-bond-per-patch regime) keeping the area of the interaction patches fixed. Four stable crystal phases are investigated, namely diamond cubic (DC), bcc, fcc, and plastic fcc. The DC is favored at low temperatures and pressures, while the bcc is favored at low temperatures and intermediate to high pressures. At low temperatures and very high pressures an ordered fcc phase is found, while-as expected-at high temperatures, the only stable crystal is a plastic fcc phase. We find a rich phase diagram with several re-entrant coexistence lines, which can be brought in the equilibrium phase diagram by a proper choice of the range. We also show that the gas-liquid phase separation becomes metastable as the range narrows, and it takes place in a region of the phase diagram where the low density diamond crystal is the thermodynamically stable phase. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3393777
Evaluation of friction heating in cavitating high pressure Diesel injector nozzles

Variation of fuel properties occurring during extreme fuel pressurisation in Diesel fuel injectors relative to those under atmospheric pressure and room temperature conditions may affect significantly fuel delivery, fuel injection temperature, injector durability and thus engine performance. Indicative results of flow simulations during the full injection event of a Diesel injector are presented. In addition to the Navier-Stokes equations, the enthalpy conservation equation is considered for predicting the fuel temperature. Cavitation is simulated using an Eulerian-Lagrangian cavitation model fully coupled with the flow equations. Compressible bubble dynamics based on the R-P equation also consider thermal effects. Variable fuel properties function of the local pressure and temperature are taken from literature and correspond to a reference so-called summer Diesel fuel. Fuel pressurisation up to 3000bar pressure is considered while various wall temperature boundary conditions are tested in order to compare their effect relative to those of the fuel heating caused during the depressurisation of the fuel as it passes through the injection orifices. The results indicate formation of strong temperature gradients inside the fuel injector while heating resulting from the extreme friction may result to local temperatures above the fuel's boiling point. Predictions indicate bulk fuel temperature increase of more than 100°C during the opening phase of the needle valve. Overall, it is concluded that such effects are significant for the injector performance and should be considered in relevant simulation tools
Micro-end milling of NiTi biomedical alloys, burr formation and phase transformation

This paper focuses on burr formation in micro-end milling of two Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys (SMA), an austenitic and a martensitic NiTi. Phase transformation during machining was also examined. 
The experimental design approach was used to study the effect of cutting parameters on burr formation. The studied parameters were cutting speed, feed per tooth, depth and width of cut, 20 machining strategy and initial material phase of the NiTi alloy. Different types of burrs were formed during micro-end milling of NiTi alloys; it was observed that top burrs are the most important. The height of top burrs can reach values close to those of the depth of cut. Burrs were observed and characterized using a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), confocal and optical microscopes. The affected layer under the machined surface, and phase transformation 25 were investigated by using SEM. 
The results of the analysis of variance showed a significant formation of burrs, deeply influenced by the feed per tooth and width of cut. An increase in the feed per tooth and a decrease of width of cut tend to decrease the height and width of the top burr. In a thin layer under the machined surface, phase transformation was observed for the martensitic NiTi
Is DTPA a good competing chelating agent for Th(IV) in human serum and suitable in targeted alpha therapy?

The interaction between thorium and human serum components was studied using difference ultraviolet spectroscopy (DUS), ultrafiltration and high-pressure-anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC) with external inductively conducted plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) analysis. Experimental data are compared with modelling results based on the law of mass action. Human serum transferrin (HSTf) interacts strongly with Th(IV), forming a ternary complex including two synergistic carbonate anions. This complex governs Th(IV) speciation under blood serum conditions. Considering the generally used Langmuir-type model, values of 1033.5 and 1032.5 were obtained for strong and weak sites, respectively. We showed that trace amounts of diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) cannot complex Th(IV) in the blood serum at equilibrium. Unexpectedly this effect is not related to the competition with HSTf but is due to the strong competition with major divalent metal ions for DTPA. However, Th-DTPA complex was shown to be stable for a few hours when it is formed before addition in the biological medium; this is related to the high kinetic stability of the complex. This makes DTPA a potential chelating agent for synthesis of 226Th-labeled biomolecules for application in targeted alpha therapy
Grid-enabling medical image analysis

International audienceGrids have emerged as a promising technology to handle the data and compute intensive requirements of many application areas. Digital medical image processing is a promising application area for grids. Given the volume of data, the sensitivity of medical information, and the joint complexity of medical datasets and computations expected in clinical practice, the challenge is to fill the gap between the grid middleware and the requirements of clinical applications. The research project AGIR (Grid Analysis of Radiological Data) presented in this paper addresses this challenge through a combined approach: on one hand, leveraging the grid middleware through core grid medical services which target the requirements of medical data processing applications; on the other hand, grid-enabling a panel of applications ranging from algorithmic research to clinical applications
Polyvinyltoluene scintillators for relative ion dosimetry: An investigation with Helium, Carbon and Neon beams

We present a dosimeter prototype, devoted to ion beam dosimetry, tested with Helium, Carbon and Neon ions having an equivalent range in water of 150 mm. A polyvinyltoluene based plastic scintillator is used to convert the deposited energy into scintillation, a measurement probe and a long optical fibre guide the light to a photon counting unit. Using 10–40 μm thick scintillators we show that the dosimeter gain is enough to provide useful measurements, the ion-induced scintillation can be interpreted using a model taking into account the energy deposited by secondary electrons. For a practical purpose it is shown that a linear relationship can be established between the scintillation signal and the relative dose
Development of spoke cavities for the EURISOL and EUROTRANS projects

IPN Orsay is strongly involved within the EURISOL and EUROTRANS projects, especially collaborating to the overall design of their linac architecture. Since a few years, main part of the R&D work is dedicated to the development of superconducting spoke cavities and their associated components (RF coupler, tuning system horizontal cryomodule, etc.). Following the very promising results obtained with our first single-spoke prototype (2-gap, 352 MHz, beta 0.35), a new prototype has been designed and fabricated (2-gap, 352 MHz, beta 0.15) in order to be integrated in a future linac. The mechanical and RF tests, done on this prototype, are presented. Then, an overview of the latest beam dynamics calculations performed to design a linac using spoke cavities will be described
Non-Markovian diffusion over a saddle with a Generalized Langevin equation

Pour publication dans "Journal of Statistical Physics"The diffusion over a simple parabolic barrier is exactly solved with a non-Markovian Generalized Langevin Equation. For a short relaxation time, the problem is shown to be similar to a Markovian one, with a smaller effective friction. But for longer relaxation time, the average trajectory starts to oscillate and the system can have a very fast first passage over the barrier. For very long relaxation times, the solution tends to a zero-friction limi
GABRIELA : a new detector array for gamma-ray and conversion electron spectroscopy of transfermium elements.

24 pages, Submitted to NIM A - Collaboration 04-63 : Gamma spectroscopy towards super heavy nuclei at the FLNRWith the aid of the Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation package a new detection system has been designed for the focal plane of the recoil separator VASSILISSA situated at the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, JINR, Dubna. GABRIELA (Gamma Alpha Beta Recoil Investigations with the Electromagnetic Analyser VASSILISSA) has been optimised to detect the arrival of reaction products and their subsequent radioactive decays involving the emission of alpha- and beta-particles, fission fragments, gamma- and X-rays, and conversion electrons. The new detector system is described and the results of the first commissioning experiments are presented
Physical characterization of the Karin family

Reproduced with permission. Copyright ESO. Article published by EDP Sciences and available at http://www.aanda.org.International audienceAims. The Karin cluster is a small asteroid family that formed 5.8±0.2 Myr ago in the outer main belt. This is an exceptionally young age for an asteroid family. To investigate the composition and homogeneity of the members of this family, we started a spectroscopic survey in the visible and in the near-IR. Methods. We observed 24 Karin asteroid members in the visible and 6 members in the near-IR. Results. In the visible range, all the objects share the same characteristics: a maximum around λ = 0.75 μm, and a spectral slope spanning a continuous but limited range; in the NIR, our spectra show a similar behaviour. Our results suggest global homogeneity of the parent body and none of the investigated objects seems to be an interloper. These results are consistent with the dynamical hypothesis of a common origin. Finally, the range of spectral slopes is similar with the range of slopes for OC meteorites.We interpret this result as an indication of a low degree of spatial alteration for the observed surfaces. This result is coherent with the young age of the family
Personalized Support with ‘Little’ Data

Part 6: Experience ReportInternational audienceIn this paper we look at opportunities to support the creation of value for all through the use of end-user-owned Virtual Personal Assistant. We use a chat-bot as example of technology with a possibility for transferring and diffusing new functionality, features and capabilities. This category of software can create potential value through its AI and natural language processing combined with emulation and imitation of emotional engagement which is personal, private and as such allows for intimate contextual relevance to be developed
The restricted core of games on distributive lattices: how to share benefits in a hierarchy

ED EPSInternational audienceFinding a solution concept is one of the central problems in cooperative game theory, and the notion of core is the most popular solution concept since it is based on some rationality condition. In many real situations, not all possible coalitions can form, so that classical TU-games cannot be used. An interesting case is when possible coalitions are defined through a partial ordering of the players (or hierarchy). Then feasible coalitions correspond to teams of players, that is, one or several players with all their subordinates. In these situations, the core in its usual formulation may be unbounded, making its use difficult in practice. We propose a new notion of core, called the restricted core, which imposes efficiency of the allocation at each level of the hierarchy, is always bounded, and answers the problem of sharing benefits in a hierarchy. We show that the core we defined has properties very close to the classical case, with respect to marginal vectors, the Weber set, and balancedness
Evolutionary Dynamics May Eliminate All Strategies Used in Correlated Equilibria

International audienceWe show on a 4x4 example that many dynamics may eliminate all strategies used in correlated equilibria, and this for an open set of games. This holds for the best-response dynamics, the Brown-von Neumann-Nash dynamics and any monotonic or weakly sign-preserving dynamics satisfying some standard regularity conditions. For the replicator dynamics and the best-response dynamics, elimination of all strategies used in correlated equilibrium is shown to be robust to the addition of mixed strategies as new pure strategies
Microorganisms persist at record depths in the subseafloor of the Canterbury Basin.

Plateforme Génomique Environnementale, OSURInternational audienceThe subsurface realm is colonized by microbial communities to depths of >1000 meters below the seafloor (m.b.sf.), but little is known about overall diversity and microbial distribution patterns at the most profound depths. Here we show that not only Bacteria and Archaea but also Eukarya occur at record depths in the subseafloor of the Canterbury Basin. Shifts in microbial community composition along a core of nearly 2 km reflect vertical taxa zonation influenced by sediment depth. Representatives of some microbial taxa were also cultivated using methods mimicking in situ conditions. These results suggest that diverse microorganisms persist down to 1922 m.b.sf. in the seafloor of the Canterbury Basin and extend the previously known depth limits of microbial evidence (i) from 159 to 1740 m.b.sf. for Eukarya and (ii) from 518 to 1922 m.b.sf. for Bacteria
Northward growth of the Qimen Tagh Range: A new model accounting for the Late Neogene strike-slip deformation of the SW Qaidam Basin

International audienceSituated along the western termination of the Eastern Kunlun Mountains, the Qimen Tagh Range represents a key area to understand the Cenozoic basin-range interactions between the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and the Qaidam Basin. Within that region, several huge bow-like fault systems such as the Kunbei and Qimen Tagh fault systems accommodate the transpressive deformation but their kinematic evolution is still highly debated. Newly acquired seismic profiles and isopach maps of the Late Eocene sediments strongly suggest that the Kunbei fault system (consisting of the Kunbei, Arlar and Hongliuquan faults) in the southwestern Qadaim Basin was initially a left-lateral strike-slip fault system rather than a thrusting system. Growth strata indicate an Early Miocene onset age for this strike-slip deformation. However, earthquake focal mechanisms show that the present-day tectonic pattern of this fault system is dominated by NE-SW transpression. As for the Qimen Tagh fault system, numerous linear geomorphic features and fault scarps indicate that it was again a strike-slip fault system. Deformed sediments within the Adatan Valley prove that strike-slip motion prevailed during the Pleistocene, yet the present day deformation is marked by NE-SW transpression. Collectively, the Kunbei and Qimen Tagh fault systems were initially left-lateral strike-slip fault systems that formed during Early Miocene and Pleistocene respectively. Colligating with these southward younging left-lateral strike-slip faulting ages and the fact that these convex-northward structures converge to the center segment of active Kunlun fault in the east, we thus considered the Kunbei and Qimen Tagh fault systems as former western segments of the Kunlun fault once located further south in the present-day location of that fault. These faults gradually migrated northward since the Early Miocene while their kinematics changed from left-lateral strike-slip motion to NE-SW transpression
General equilibrium impact of an energy-saving policy in the public sector

International audienceWe analyse a disregarded environmental policy instrument: a switch in government expenditure away from energy (or other natural resources) and toward a composite good which includes energy-saving expenditure. We first develop two variants of an analytical general equilibrium model. A composite good is produced with constant returns to scale, and energy is imported or produced domestically with diminishing returns, yielding a differential rent to its owners. The government purchases energy and composite goods from private firms. Such a policy unambiguously increases employment. It also raises private consumption and welfare under two conditions: (i) it is not too costly and (ii) the initial share of the resource is smaller in public spending than in private consumption, or the difference is small enough. We then run numerically a model featuring both importation and domestic production of energy (oil, gas and electricity), for the OECD as a whole. Simulations show that employment, welfare and private consumption rise. We provide magnitudes for different parameter values