pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On the ground states and dynamics of space fractional nonlinear Schrödinger/Gross-Pitaevskii equations with rotation term and nonlocal nonlinear interactions

International audienceIn this paper, we propose some efficient and robust numerical methods to compute the ground states anddynamics of Fractional Schrödinger Equation (FSE) with a rotation term and nonlocal nonlinear interactions.In particular, a newly developed Gaussian-sum (GauSum) solver is used for the nonlocal interactionevaluation [33]. To compute the ground states, we integrate the preconditioned Krylov subspace pseudospectralmethod [5] and the GauSum solver. For the dynamics simulation, using the rotating Lagrangiancoordinates transform [16], we first reformulate the FSE into a new equation without rotation. Then, atime-splitting pseudo-spectral scheme incorporated with the GauSum solver is proposed to simulate the newFSE. In parallel to the numerical schemes, we also prove some existence and nonexistence results for theground states. Dynamical laws of some standard quantities, including the mass, energy, angular momentumand the center of mass, are stated. The ground states properties with respect to the fractional orderand/or rotating frequencies, dynamics involving decoherence and turbulence together with some interestingphenomena are reported
Numerical computation of 3D heat transfer in complex parallel heat exchangers using generalized Graetz modes

International audienceWe propose and develop a variational formulation dedicated to the simulation of parallel convective heat exchanger that handles possibly complex input/output conditions as well as connection between pipes. It is based on a spectral method that allows to re-cast three-dimensional heat exchangers into a two-dimensional eigenvalue problem, named the generalized Graetz problem. Our formulation handles either convective, adiabatic, or prescribed temperature at the entrance or at the exit of the exchanger. This formulation is robust to mode truncation, offering a huge reduction in computational cost, and providing insights into the most contributing structure to exchanges and transfer. Several examples of heat exchangers are analyzed, their numerical convergence is tested and the numerical efficiency of the approach is illustrated in the case of Poiseuille flow in tubes
SPIRE imaging of M 82: Cool dust in the wind and tidal streams

International audienceM 82 is a unique representative of a whole class of galaxies, starbursts with superwinds, in the Very Nearby Galaxy Survey with Herschel. In addition, its interaction with the M 81 group has stripped a significant portion of its interstellar medium from its disk. SPIRE maps now afford better characterization of the far-infrared emission from cool dust outside the disk, and sketch a far more complete picture of its mass distribution and energetics than previously possible. They show emission coincident in projection with the starburst wind and in a large halo, much more extended than the PAH band emission seen with Spitzer. Some complex substructures coincide with the brightest PAH filaments, and others with tidal streams seen in atomic hydrogen. We subtract the far-infrared emission of the starburst and underlying disk from the maps, and derive spatially-resolved far-infrared colors for the wind and halo. We interpret the results in terms of dust mass, dust temperature, and global physical conditions. In particular, we examine variations in the dust physical properties as a function of distance from the center and the wind polar axis, and conclude that more than two thirds of the extraplanar dust has been removed by tidal interaction, and not entrained by the starburst wind
Partially-disordered photonic-crystal thin films for enhanced and robust
  photovoltaics

We present a general framework for the design of thin-film photovoltaics
based on a partially-disordered photonic crystal that has both enhanced
absorption for light trapping and reduced sensitivity to the angle and
polarization of incident radiation. The absorption characteristics of different
lattice structures are investigated as an initial periodic structure is
gradually perturbed. We find that an optimal amount of disorder controllably
introduced into a multi-lattice photonic crystal causes the characteristic
narrow-band, resonant peaks to be broadened resulting in a device with enhanced
and robust performance ideal for typical operating conditions of photovoltaic
applications.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Galactic cold cores
 : 
V. Dust opacity

International audienceContext. The project Galactic Cold Cores has carried out Herschel photometric observations of interstellar clouds where the Planck satellite survey has located cold and compact clumps. The sources represent different stages of cloud evolution from starless clumps to protostellar cores and are located in different Galactic environments. Aims. We examine this sample of 116 Herschel fields to estimate the submillimetre dust opacity and to search for variations that might be attributed to the evolutionary stage of the sources or to environmental factors, including the location within the Galaxy. Methods. The submillimetre dust opacity was derived from Herschel data, and near-infrared observations of the reddening of background stars are converted into near-infrared optical depth. We investigated the systematic errors affecting these parameters and used modelling to correct for the expected biases. The ratio of 250 μm and J band opacities is correlated with the Galactic location and the star formation activity. We searched for local variations in the ratio τ(250 μm)/τ(J) using the correlation plots and opacity ratio maps. Results. We find a median ratio of τ(250 μm) /τ(J) = (1.6 ± 0.2) × 10-3, which is more than three times the mean value reported for the diffuse medium. Assuming an opacity spectral index β = 1.8 instead of β = 2.0, the value would be lower by ~ 30%. No significant systematic variation is detected with Galactocentric distance or with Galactic height. Examination of the τ(250 μm) /τ(J) maps reveals six fields with clear indications of a local increase of submillimetre opacity of up to τ(250 μm) /τ(J) ~ 4 × 10-3 towards the densest clumps. These are all nearby fields with spatially resolved clumps of high column density. Conclusions. We interpret the increase in the far-infrared opacity as a sign of grain growth in the densest and coldest regions of interstellar clouds
Involvement of mitochondrial ferredoxin and para-aminobenzoic acid in yeast coenzyme Q biosynthesis.
 : 
pABA is a precursor of yeast coenzyme Q

International audienceYeast ubiquinone or coenzyme Q(6) (Q(6)) is a redox active lipid that plays a crucial role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. At least nine proteins (Coq1p-9p) participate in Q(6) biosynthesis from 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HB). We now show that the mitochondrial ferredoxin Yah1p and the ferredoxin reductase Arh1p are required for Q(6) biosynthesis, probably for the first hydroxylation of the pathway. Conditional Gal-YAH1 and Gal-ARH1 mutants accumulate 3-hexaprenyl-4-hydroxyphenol and 3-hexaprenyl-4-aminophenol. Para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA) is shown to be the precursor of 3-hexaprenyl-4-aminophenol and to compete with 4-HB for the prenylation reaction catalyzed by Coq2p. Yeast cells convert U-((13)C)-pABA into (13)C ring-labeled Q(6), a result that identifies pABA as a new precursor of Q(6) and implies an additional NH(2)-to-OH conversion in Q(6) biosynthesis. Our study identifies pABA, Yah1p, and Arh1p as three actors in Q(6) biosynthesis
$U(N)$ Gauge Theory and Lattice Strings

URL: http://www-spht.cea.fr/articles/T93/050 http://fr.arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9308158International audienceThe $1/N$ expansion of pure $ U(N) $ gauge theory on a two-dimensional manifold $ {\cal M} $ is reformulated as the topological expansion of a special model of random surfaces defined on a lattice $ {\cal L} $ covering $ {\cal M}. $ The random surfaces represent branched coverings of $ {\cal L}. $ The Boltzmann weight of each surface is $ {\rm exp}[- {\rm area}] $ times a product of local factors associated with the branch points. The $ 1/N $ corrections are produced by surfaces with higher topology as well as by contact interactions due to microscopic tubes, trousers, handles, etc. The continuum limit of this model is the limit of infinitely dense covering lattice $ {\cal L}. $ The construction generalizes trivially to $ D > 2 $ where it describes the strong coupling phase of the lattice gauge theory. The weak coupling phase can be achieved by taking a larger configuration space of surfaces. A possible integration measure in the space of continuous surfaces is suggested
Analytic combinatorics of chord and hyperchord diagrams with $k$ crossings

International audienceUsing methods from Analytic Combinatorics, we study the families of perfect matchings, partitions, chord diagrams, and hyperchord diagrams on a disk with a prescribed number of crossings. For each family, we express the generating function of the configurations with exactly $k$ crossings as a rational function of the generating function of crossing-free configurations. Using these expressions, we study the singular behavior of these generating functions and derive asymptotic results on the counting sequences of the configurations with precisely $k$ crossings. Limiting distributions and random generators are also studied
Inverse spectral problem for radial Schrödinger operator on [0, 1]

22 pagesInternational audienceFor a class of singular Sturm-Liouville equations on the unit interval with explicit singularity $a(a + 1)/x^2, a \in \mathbb{N}$, we consider an inverse spectral problem. Our goal is the global parametrization of potentials by spectral data noted by $\lambda^a$, and some norming constants noted by $\kappa^a$. For $a = 0$ and $a=1$, $\lambda^a\times \kappa^a$ was already known to be a global coordinate system on $\lr$. With the help of transformation operators, we extend this result to any non-negative integer $a$ and give a description of isospectral sets
Natural convection with mixed insulating and conducting boundary conditions: low- and high-Rayleigh-number regimes

We investigate the stability and dynamics of natural convection in two dimensions, subject to inhomogeneous boundary conditions. In particular, we consider a Rayleigh–Bénard (RB) cell, where the horizontal top boundary contains a periodic sequence of alternating thermal insulating and conducting patches, and we study the effects of the heterogeneous pattern on the global heat exchange, at both low and high Rayleigh numbers. At low Rayleigh numbers, we determine numerically the transition from a regime characterized by the presence of small convective cells localized at the inhomogeneous boundary to the onset of ‘bulk’ convective rolls spanning the entire domain. Such a transition is also controlled analytically in the limit when the boundary pattern length is small compared with the cell vertical size. At higher Rayleigh number, we use numerical simulations based on a lattice Boltzmann method to assess the impact of boundary inhomogeneities on the fully turbulent regime up to Ra∼1010
Disentangling child and family influences on maternal expressed emotion toward children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Objective: We used multi-level modelling of sibling-pair data to disentangle the influence of proband-specific and more general family influences on maternal expressed emotion (MEE) toward children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Method: MEE was measured using the Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) for 60 sibling pairs (aged 5 through 17 years) each comprising one proband with ADHD and one child without ADHD. Questionnaire measures were used to assess child and adolescent conduct and emotional problems and maternal depression and ADHD. Multi-level models partitioned the effects of five MEE components (initial statement [IS], relationship [REL], warmth [WAR], critical comments [CC], and positive comments [PC]) into proband-specific and general family effects. Results: Significant proband-specific effects were confirmed for all MEE components, with higher levels of MEE expressed toward probands with ADHD than siblings without ADHD. For REL, PC, and CC, this effect was explained by comorbid child conduct problems rather than ADHD. Only low WAR was associated with child ADHD itself. Furthermore, only low WAR was related to variations in more general family characteristics, especially levels of maternal depression. Conclusions: MEE toward children with ADHD was influenced by proband-specific factors. For most components, these were driven by comorbid symptoms of conduct problems rather than ADHD itself. WAR was different; it was influenced by both child-specific and more general characteristics of the family. Further studies utilising a longitudinal design are required to establish the direction of causation and extend our understanding of the relationship between EE components and ADHD. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry, 2011;50(10):1042-1053
Measurement of the differential dijet production cross section in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA measurement of the double-differential inclusive dijet production cross section in proton–proton collisions at √ s = 7 TeV is presented as a function of the dijet invariant mass and jet rapidity. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb−1, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measurement covers the dijet mass range 0.2 TeV to 3.5 TeV and jet rapidities up to |y| = 2.5. It is found to be in good agreement with next-to-leading-order QCD predictionsWe thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA
Search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons in 7 TeV proton-proton collision data with the ATLAS detector

A search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons has been performed using 2 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at root s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed and a 95% CL upper limit on the visible cross section for new phenomena is set, where the visible cross section is defined by the product of cross section, branching fraction, detector acceptance and event selection efficiency. A 95% CL lower limit of 32 TeV is set on the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) scale Lambda independent of tan beta. These limits provide the most stringent tests to date in a large part of the considered parameter space
Kallistatin, a new and reliable biomarker for the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis.

Kallistatin, which protects organs and cells against inflammation, fibrosis and oxidative stress, is mainly synthesized and secreted in liver. However, its relationship to human liver disease remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between serum kallistatin and clinical evidence of both cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and to determine if serum kallistatin levels could be used as a diagnostic indicator of hepatic health status, especially human liver cirrhosis (LC). Our cohort consisted of 115 patients with clinically proven liver fibrosis (LF), LC, or HCC by liver biopsies, and 31 healthy controls (CON). Serum kallistatin levels were quantified by ELISA. Results of the present study demonstrated that irrespective of the underlying etiology, serum kallistatin levels were significantly lower in the LF/LC group when compared with the CON group. A decrease in serum kallistatin levels appeared to reflect the extent of cirrhosis, with the lowest levels associated with higher grades of cirrhosis. Patients with LC had a noticeable correlation between serum kallistatin levels and other serum biochemical indicators. The area under the curve (AUC) for LC, viral liver cirrhosis (VLC) and alcoholic liver cirrhosis (ALC) was 0.845, 0.757 and 0.931, respectively. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that kallistatin, a plasma protein produced by the liver, can be a useful and reliable diagnostic indicator of hepatic health status, especially for LC
Ménière’s disease and biographical disruption: where family transitions collide

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.People’s lived experiences of chronic illness have garnered increasing research interest over the last 30-40 years, with studies recognising the disruptive influence of illness onset and progression, both to people’s everyday lives and to their biographical selves. We extend this body of work, drawing on the experiences of people living with Ménière’s disease; a long-term progressive vestibular disorder characterised by unpredictable episodes of debilitating vertigo, tinnitus and permanent sensorineural hearing loss. In response to calls for more critical examination of the wider biographical contexts in which chronic illnesses are encountered, we draw on 28 in-depth narrative interviews with Ménière’s patients and their family members to discuss how personal chronic illness experiences may be closely entwined with, and deeply shaped by, the life transitions (illness-related and otherwise) of ‘linked others’. Interviews were conducted in south west England from January to June 2015. Focusing on intersecting transitions of parenthood, caregiving and retirement, we explore how and why familial relationships can both facilitate and hinder adaptation to a lifetime of chronically disrupted normalities, contributing to fluctuating experiences of ‘cherished time’, ‘anomalous time’ and ‘turbulent time’. In so doing, we suggest that the onset and progression of chronic illness could usefully be re-conceptualised as one of many ‘biographical oscillations’ encountered during the life course that serve to re-route us between continually shifting life trajectories. In recognising life’s dynamism and challenging the identity-limiting and self-damaging nature of entrenched cultural life course constructions, we suggest value in recognising alternative ways of ‘living well’ when negotiating the wide-ranging biographical maps that life can follow.Many thanks go to all the study participants for sharing their experiences; Mr. David Whinney (Ear Nose and Throat Consultant at Royal Cornwall Hospital Treliske), Clinical Project Advisor; the Ménière’s Society for funding the study; and PenCLAHRC (the National Institute for Health Research Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care South West Peninsula) for providing follow-on funding
Understanding the burden of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in the United States, Europe, and Brazil: An analysis from the National Health and Wellness Survey.

The aim of this study was to understand the current burden of primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures (PGTCS) associated with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) as a function of seizure frequency. We analyzed data for (IGE) as a proxy measure of PGTCS. Little is known about the quality of life (QoL), health utility, productivity, healthcare resource utilization (HRU), and cost burden of PGTCS or IGE. Patients were identified from the US (2011, 2012, &amp; 2013), 5EU (2011 &amp; 2013), and Brazil (2011 &amp; 2012) National Health and Wellness Survey, a nationally representative, internet-based survey of adults (18+ years). Patients that self-reported a diagnosis of IGE were categorized into seizure frequencies of: ≥1 seizure per week, 1-3 seizures per month, 1-4 seizures per year, or &lt;1 seizure per year. QoL was measured using the SF-36v2 Mental (MCS) and Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores, health utilities with the SF-6D, productivity with the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire, and HRU as reported in the past six months. Unit costs were estimated from the literature and multiplied against HRU values to calculate direct costs and WPAI values to calculate indirect costs. Generalized linear regression was utilized to examine the relationship between seizure frequency and each measure of burden with adjustment for covariates. Out of the general population surveyed, IGE was self-reported in 782 of 176,093 (US), 172 of 30,000 (UK), 106 of 30,001 (Germany), 87 of 30,000 (France), 31 of 12,011 (Spain), 22 of 17,500 (Italy), and 34 of 24,000 (Brazil). Persistent seizures (≥1 per year) were reported in over 40% of patients with IGE (10-15% with ≥1 seizure per week, 10-15% with 1-3 seizures per month, 20-25% with 1-4 seizures per year). Over 75% were treated with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Compared with those having &lt;1 seizure per year (reference group), patients in the two most frequent seizure categories reported worse MCS and PCS scores. Patients in the three highest seizure frequency groups consistently reported worse health utility scores, and greater presenteeism (attending work while not physically or mentally capable of working), overall work impairment, activity impairment, HRU, indirect costs, and direct costs than the reference group. Despite the availability of AEDs during the year surveyed, a substantial number of patients experienced persistent seizures. Increasing seizure frequency was clearly associated with worse outcomes. The burden of PGTCS and IGE may be proportionally reduced by newer AEDs which may increase the proportion of seizure-free patients or shift more patients into lower seizure frequency categories
Insight into the evolution of the Solanaceae from the parental genomes of Petunia hybrida.

Supplementary information is available online http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nplants.2016.74Petunia hybrida is a popular bedding plant that has a long history as a genetic model system. We report the whole-genome sequencing and assembly of inbred derivatives of its two wild parents, P. axillaris N and P. inflata S6. The assemblies include 91.3% and 90.2% coverage of their diploid genomes (1.4 Gb; 2n = 14) containing 32,928 and 36,697 protein-coding genes, respectively. The genomes reveal that the Petunia lineage has experienced at least two rounds of hexaploidization: the older gamma event, which is shared with most Eudicots, and a more recent Solanaceae event that is shared with tomato and other solanaceous species. Transcription factors involved in the shift from bee to moth pollination reside in particularly dynamic regions of the genome, which may have been key to the remarkable diversity of floral colour patterns and pollination systems. The high-quality genome sequences will enhance the value of Petunia as a model system for research on unique biological phenomena such as small RNAs, symbiosis, self-incompatibility and circadian rhythms.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio