pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
BiGlobal stability analysis in curvilinear coordinates of massively separated lifting bodies

A methodology based on spectral collocation numerical methods for global flow stability analysis of incompressible external flows is presented. A potential shortcoming of spectral methods, namely the handling of the complex geometries encountered in global stability analysis, has been dealt with successfully in past works by the development of spectral-element methods on unstructured meshes. The present contribution shows that a certain degree of regularity of the geometry may be exploited in order to build a global stability analysis approach based on a regular spectral rectangular grid in curvilinear coordinates and conformal mappings. The derivation of the stability linear operator in curvilinear coordinates is presented along with the discretisation method. Unlike common practice to the solution of the same problem, the matrix discretising the eigenvalue problem is formed and stored. Subspace iteration and massive parallelisation are used in order to recover a wide window of its leading Ritz system. The method is applied to two external flows, both of which are lifting bodies with separation occurring just downstream of the leading edge. Specifically the flow configurations are a NACA 0015 airfoil, and an ellipse of aspect ratio 8 chosen to closely approximate the geometry of the airfoil. Both flow configurations are at an angle of attack of 18, with a Reynolds number based on the chord length of 200. The results of the stability analysis for both geometries are presented and illustrate analogous features
Enhanced tolerance to bacterial pathogens caused by the transgenic expression of barley lipid transfer protein LTP2

Purified lipid transfer protein LTP2 from barley applied on tobacco leaves eliminated symptoms caused by infiltration of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci 153. Growth of the pathogen in leaves of transgenic tobacco plants was retarded when compared with non-transformed controls. The percentage of inoculation points that showed necrotic lesions was greatly reduced in transgenic tobacco 17–38% versus 78%) and the average size of these lesions was 61–81% that of control. The average total lesion area (necrosis and chlorosis) in the transgenic plants was also reduced (38% of control). Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants inoculated with P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000 also had lower percentages of necrotic lesions (22–38% versus 76%), a reduced average area for each lesion (53–67% of control), and a smaller total lesion area per inoculation (43% of control). These results further support the assignment of a defense role for LTPs and highlight their biotechnological potential
A two-dimensional finite element model of front surface current flow in cells under non-uniform, concentrated illumination

A two-dimensional finite element model of current flow in the front surface of a PV cell is presented. In order to validate this model we perform an experimental test. Later, particular attention is paid to the effects of non-uniform illumination in the finger direction which is typical in a linear concentrator system. Fill factor, open circuit voltage and efficiency are shown to decrease with increasing degree of non-uniform illumination. It is shown that these detrimental effects can be mitigated significantly by reoptimization of the number of front surface metallization fingers to suit the degree of non-uniformity. The behavior of current flow in the front surface of a cell operating at open circuit voltage under non-uniform illumination is discussed in detail
Performance of Scheduling Policies in Adversarial\ud
Networks with Non-synchronized Clocks

In this paper we generalize the Continuous Adversarial Queuing Theory (CAQT) model (Blesa et al. in MFCS, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3618, pp. 144–155, 2005) by considering the possibility that the router clocks in the network are not synchronized. We name the new model Non Synchronized CAQT (NSCAQT). Clearly, this new extension to the model only affects those scheduling policies that use some form of timing. In a first approach we consider the case in which although not synchronized, all clocks run at the same speed, maintaining constant differences. In this case we show that all universally stable policies in CAQT that use the injection time and the remaining path to schedule packets remain universally stable. These policies include, for instance, Shortest in System (SIS) and Longest in System (LIS). Then, we study the case in which clock differences can vary over time, but the maximum difference is bounded. In this model we show the universal stability of two families of policies related to SIS and LIS respectively (the priority of a packet in these policies depends on the arrival time and a function of the path traversed). The bounds we obtain in this case depend on the maximum difference between clocks. This is a necessary requirement, since we also show that LIS is not universally stable in systems without bounded clock difference. We then present a new policy that we call Longest in Queues (LIQ), which gives priority to the packet that has been waiting the longest in edge queues. This policy is universally stable and, if clocks maintain constant differences, the bounds we prove do not depend on them. To finish, we provide with simulation results that compare the behavior of some of these policies in a network with stochastic injection of packets
Efficiency and spatial equity impacts of high-speed rail extensions in urban areas

Urban areas benefit from significant improvements in accessibility when a new high speed rail (HSR) project is built. These improvements, which are due mainly to a rise in  efficiency, produce locational advantagesand increase the attractiveness of these cities, thereby possibly enhancing their competitivenessand economic growth. However, there may be equity issues at stake, as the main accessibility benefits are primarily concentrated in urban areas with a HSR station, whereas other locations obtain only limited benefits. HSR extensions may contribute to an increase in spatial imbalance and lead to more polarized patterns of spatial development. Procedures for assessing the spatial impacts of HSR must therefore follow a twofold approach which addresses issues of both efficiency and equity. This analysis can be made by jointly assessing both the magnitude and distribution of the accessibility improvements deriving from a HSR project. This paper describes an assessment methodology for HSR projects which follows this twofold approach. The procedure uses spatial impact analysis techniques and is based on the computation of accessibility indicators, supported by a Geographical Information System (GIS). Efficiency impacts are assessed in terms of the improvements in accessibility resulting from the HSR project, with a focus on major urban areas; and spatial equity implications are derived from changes in the distribution of accessibility values among these urban agglomerations
Advanced predictive quality control strategy involving different facilities

There are many industries that use highly technological solutions to improve quality in all of their products. The steel industry is one example. Several automatic surface-inspection systems are used in the steel industry to identify various types of defects and to help operators decide whether to accept, reroute, or downgrade the material, subject to the assessment process. This paper focuses on promoting a strategy that considers all defects in an integrated fashion. It does this by managing the uncertainty about the exact position of a defect due to different process conditions by means of Gaussian additive influence functions. The relevance of the approach is in making possible consistency and reliability between surface inspection systems. The results obtained are an increase in confidence in the automatic inspection system and an ability to introduce improved prediction and advanced routing models. The prediction is provided to technical operators to help them in their decision-making process. It shows the increase in improvement gained by reducing the 40 % of coils that are downgraded at the hot strip mill because of specific defects. In addition, this technology facilitates an increase of 50 % in the accuracy of the estimate of defect survival after the cleaning facility in comparison to the former approach. The proposed technology is implemented by means of software-based, multi-agent solutions. It makes possible the independent treatment of information, presentation, quality analysis, and other relevant functions
Boundary element approach to the dynamic stiffness functions of circular foundations

A boundary element approach for time harmonic axisymmetric problems using the complete space point load fundamental solution is presented. The fundamental solution is integrated numerically along the azimuthal co-ordinate of each axisymmetric element. To increase the accuracy of the numerical integration a simple co-ordinate transformation is proposed. The approach is applied to the computation of the dynamic stiffness functions of rigid circular foundations on layered viscoelastic soils. Three different sites are considered: a uniform half-space, a soil layer on a half-space, and a soil consisting of four horizontal layers and a compliant half-space. The numerical results obtained by the proposed approach for surface circular foundations are very close to corresponding published results obtained by different procedures
Application of backend database contents and structure to the design of spoken dialog services

Current development platforms for designing spoken dialog services feature different kinds of strategies to help designers build, test, and deploy their applications. In general, these platforms are made up of several assistants that handle the different design stages (e.g. definition of the dialog flow, prompt and grammar definition, database connection, or to debug and test the running of the application). In spite of all the advances in this area, in general the process of designing spoken-based dialog services is a time consuming task that needs to be accelerated. In this paper we describe a complete development platform that reduces the design time by using different types of acceleration strategies based on using information from the data model structure and database contents, as well as cumulative information obtained throughout the successive steps in the design. Thanks to these accelerations, the interaction with the platform is simplified and the design is reduced, in most cases, to simple confirmations to the “proposals” that the platform automatically provides at each stage.\ud
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Different kinds of proposals are available to complete the application flow such as the possibility of selecting which information slots should be requested to the user together, predefined templates for common dialogs, the most probable actions that make up each state defined in the flow, different solutions to solve specific speech-modality problems such as the presentation of the lists of retrieved results after querying the backend database. The platform also includes accelerations for creating speech grammars and prompts, and the SQL queries for accessing the database at runtime.\ud
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Finally, we will describe the setup and results obtained in a simultaneous summative, subjective and objective evaluations with different designers used to test the usability of the proposed accelerations as well as their contribution to reducing the design time and interaction
Regularized logistic regression and multi-objective variable selection for classifying MEG data

This paper addresses the question of maximizing classifier accuracy for classifying task-related mental activity from Magnetoencelophalography (MEG) data. We propose the use of different sources of information and introduce an automatic channel selection procedure. To determine an informative set of channels, our approach combines a variety of machine learning algorithms: feature subset selection methods, classifiers based on regularized logistic regression, information fusion, and multiobjective optimization based on probabilistic modeling of the search space. The experimental results show that our proposal is able to improve classification accuracy compared to approaches whose classifiers use only one type of MEG information or for which the set of channels is fixed a priori
External force estimation for telerobotics without force sensor

This paper establishes an approach to external force estimation through the use of a mathematical model and current sensing, without employing a force/torque sensor. The advantages and need for force feedback have been well established in the field of telerobotics. This paper presents the requirement for sensorless force estimation and comparative results between a force sensor and the presented approach using an industrial robot. The approach presents not only a cost effective solution but also a solution for force sensing in hazardous environments, especially ionizing radiation prone environments where the dose rates limit the use of sensing equipment. The paper also discusses the applications and advantages presented by this work in various fields
Failure detectors in homonymous distributed systems (with an application to consensus)

ABSTRACT\ud
\ud
This paper is on homonymous distributed systems where processes are prone to crash failures and have no\ud
initial knowledge of the system membership (‘‘homonymous’’ means that several processes may have the same identifier). New classes of failure detectors suited to these systems are first defined. Among them, the classes HΩ and HΣ are introduced that are the homonymous counterparts of the Classes Ω and Σ, respectively. (Recall that the pair ⟨Ω, Σ⟩ defines the weakest failure detector to solve consensus.) Then, the paper shows how HΩ and HΣ can be implemented in homonymous systems without membership knowledge (under different synchrony requirements). Finally, two algorithms are presented that use these failure detectors to solve consensus in homonymous asynchronous systems where there is no initial knowledge of the membership. One algorithm solves consensus with ⟨HΩ, HΣ⟩, while the other uses only\ud
HΩ, but needs a majority of correct processes.\ud
Observe that the systems with unique identifiers and anonymous systems are extreme cases of\ud
homonymous systems from which follows that all these results also apply to these systems. Interestingly, the new failure detector class HΩ can be implemented with partial synchrony (i.e., all messages sent after some bounded time GST will be received after at most an unknown bounded latency δ), while the analogous class AΩ defined for anonymous systems cannot be implemented (even in synchronous systems). Hence, the paper provides the first consensus algorithm for anonymous systems with this model of partial synchrony and a majority of correct processes
Risk analysis in information systems: a fuzzification of the MAGERIT Methodology

Several methodologies based on ISO/IEC 27000 international standard have been developed to deal with risk analysis in information systems (IS). These methodologies do not, however, consider imprecise valuations, but use precise values on different, usually percentage, scales.  We propose an extension of the MAGERIT methodology based on classical fuzzy computational models. A linguistic term scale is used to represent asset values, their dependencies and frequency and asset degradation associated with threats. Computations are based on trapezoidal fuzzy numbers associated with linguistic terms. A similarity function is used to associate a linguistic term on the previously defined scale to the trapezoidal fuzzy numbers resulting from computations. Finally, regarding the selection of preventive safeguards to reduce risks in IS, we propose a dynamic programming-based method that incorporates simulated annealing to tackle optimizations problems with the aim of minimizing costs while keeping the risk at acceptable levels.  An example of an administrative unit using in-house and third-party information systems internally and to provide public information services is used to illustrate the methodology
(Non-)Sense in note-taking for consecutive interpreting

The paper applies cognitive theories of text and language processing, and in particular relevance theory, to the analysis of notes in consecutive interpreting. In contrast to the pre-cognitive view, in which note-taking is seen mainly as a memory-supporting technique, the process of note-taking is described as the reception and production of a notation text. Adding the relevance-theoretical constructs of explicature and implicature to the general account of cognitive text processing as coherence building and the construction of a mental representation at local and global levels, this approach allows for the comparison of source, notation and target texts with respect to the underlying propositional representation, and shows how the sense of highly fragmentary notation texts is recovered in consecutive interpreting. The paper is based on an empirical study involving consecutive interpretations (English–German) by five trainee interpreters. The analysis shows that the interpreters operate relatively closely along micropropositional lines when processing the source, notation and target texts, with the explicature regularly having the same propositional form as the corresponding proposition in the source text.
Discovery of a new broad resonance in $^{19}$Ne: Implications for the destruction of the cosmic $\gamma$-ray emitter $^{18}$F

The experiment was performed at the Centre de Recherches du Cyclotron at Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium) using a 19Ne6+ radioactive beam.International audienceSix proton-emitting states in 19Ne were studied through the inelastic scattering reaction H(19Ne; p)19Ne*(p)18F. Their energies and widths were derived from the protons detected at zero degree, while proton-proton angular correlations between the detector at zero degree and a segmented annular detector were used to determine their spin value. Besides the known states, a new broad J = 1/2 resonance has been evidenced at Ex ≈ 7.9 MeV, ≈ 1:45 MeV above the proton emission threshold. By introducing this resonance, the 18F(p; alpha)15O destruction rate in novae is significantly enhanced. This reduces the chance to observe the cosmic gamma-ray emission of 18F from novae in space telescopes
Variations on a theme of Heisenberg, Pauli and Weyl

Dedicated to the memory of Moshé Flato on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of his death.The parentage between Weyl pairs, generalized Pauli group and unitary group is investigated in detail. We start from an abstract definition of the Heisenberg-Weyl group on the field R and then switch to the discrete Heisenberg-Weyl group or generalized Pauli group on a finite ring Z_d. The main characteristics of the latter group, an abstract group of order d**3 noted P_d, are given (conjugacy classes and irreducible representation classes or equivalently Lie algebra of dimension d**3 associated with P_d). Leaving the abstract sector, a set of Weyl pairs in dimension d is derived from a polar decomposition of SU(2) closely connected to angular momentum theory. Then, a realization of the generalized Pauli group P_d and the construction of generalized Pauli matrices in dimension d are revisited in terms of Weyl pairs. Finally, the Lie algebra of the unitary group U(d) is obtained as a subalgebra of the Lie algebra associated with P_d. This leads to a development of the Lie algebra of U(d) in a basis consisting of d**2 generalized Pauli matrices. In the case where d is a power of a prime integer, the Lie algebra of SU(d) can be decomposed into d-1 Cartan subalgebras
Accurate mass measurements on neutron-deficient krypton isotopes

soumis à Nuclear Physics AThe masses of $^{72-78,80,82,86}$Kr were measured directly with the ISOLTRAP Penning trap mass spectrometer at ISOLDE/CERN. For all these nuclides, the measurements yielded mass uncertainties below 10 keV. The ISOLTRAP mass values for $^{72-75}$Kr outweighed previous results obtained by means of other techniques, and thus completely determine the new values in the Atomic-Mass Evaluation. Besides the interest of these masses for nuclear astrophysics, nuclear structure studies, and Standard Model tests, these results constitute a valuable and accurate input to improve mass models. In this paper, we present the mass measurements and discuss the mass evaluation for these Kr isotopes
Mass measurements on neutron-deficient Sr and neutron-rich Sn isotopes with the ISOLTRAP mass spectrometer

The atomic masses of $^{76,77,80,81}$Sr and $^{129,130,131,132}$Sn were measured by means of the Penning trap mass spectrometer ISOLTRAP at ISOLDE/CERN. $^{76}$Sr is now the heaviest N = Z nucleus for which the mass is measured to a precision better than 35 keV. For the tin isotopes in the close vicinity of the doubly magic nucleus $^{132}$Sn, mass uncertainties below 20 keV were achieved. An atomic mass evaluation was carried out taking other experimental mass values into account by performing a least-squares adjustment. Some discrepancies between older experimental values and the ones reported here emerged and were resolved. The results of the new adjustment and their impact will be presented
The Role of Idealizations in the Aharonov-Bom Effect

On standard accounts of scientific theorizing, the role of idealizations is to facilitate the analysis of some real world system by employing a simplified representation of the target system, raising the obvious worry about how reliable knowledge can be obtained from inaccurate descriptions. The idealizations involved in the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect do not, it is claimed, fit this paradigm; rather the target system is a fictional system characterized by features that, though physically possible, are not realized in the actual world. The point of studying such a fictional system is to understand the foundations of quantum mechanics and how its predictions depart from those of classical mechanics. The original worry about the use of idealizations is replaced by a new one; namely, how can actual world experiments serve to confirm the AB effect if it concerns the behavior of a fictional system? Struggle with this issue helps to account for the fact that almost three decades elapsed before a consensus emerged that the predicted AB effect had received solid experimental support. Standard accounts of idealizations tout the role they play in making tractable the analysis of the target system; by contrast, the idealizations involved in the AB effect make its analysis both conceptually and mathematically challenging. The idealizations required for the AB effect are also responsible for the existence of unitarily inequivalent representations of the canonical commutation relations and of the current algebra, representations which an observer confined to the electron's configuration space could invoke to `explain' AB-type effect without the need to posit a hidden magnetic field. The goal of this paper is to bring to the attention of the philosophers of science these and other aspects of the AB effect which are neglected or inadequately treated in literature