pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
WASP-104b and WASP-106b : two transiting hot Jupiters in 1.75-day and 9.3-day orbits

Funding for WASP comes from consortium universities and from the UK’s Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC).We have used the WASP survey to discover two exoplanetary systems, each consisting of a Jupiter-sized planet transiting an 11th-magnitude (V) main-sequence star. WASP-104b orbits its star in 1.75 d, whereas WASP-106b has the fourth-longest orbital period of any planet discovered by means of transits observed from the ground, orbiting every 9.29 d. Each planet is more massive than Jupiter (WASP-104b has a mass of 1.27 ± 0.05MJup, while WASP-106b has a mass of 1.93 ± 0.08MJup). Both planets are just slightly larger than Jupiter, with radii of 1.14 ± 0.04 and 1.09 ± 0.04RJup for WASP-104 and WASP-106, respectively. No significant orbital eccentricity is detected in either system, and while this is not surprising in the case of the short-period WASP-104b, it is interesting in the case of WASP-106b, because many otherwise similar planets are known to have eccentric orbits.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Neutron spectroscopic factors of 55Ni hole-states from (p,d) transfer reactions

Spectroscopic information has been extracted on the hole-states of 55Ni, the least known of the quartet of nuclei (55Ni, 57Ni, 55Co and 57Co), one neutron away from 56Ni, the N=Z=28 double magic nucleus. Using the 1H(56Ni,d)55Ni transfer reaction in inverse kinematics, neutron spectroscopic factors, spins and parities have been extracted for the f7/2, p3/2 and the s1/2 hole-states of 55Ni. This new data provides a benchmark for large basis calculations that include nucleonic orbits in both the sd and pf shells. State of the art calculations have been performed to reproduce the excitation energies and spectroscopic factors of the s1/2 hole state below Fermi energy
Dust and gas in luminous proto-cluster galaxies at z=4.05: the case for different cosmic dust evolution in normal and starburst galaxies

We measure the dust and gas content of the three sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the GN20 proto-cluster at z=4.05 using new IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer (PdBI) CO(4-3) and 1.2-3.3mm continuum observations. All these three SMGs are heavily dust obscured, with UV-based star formation rate (SFR) estimates significantly smaller than the ones derived from the bolometric IR, consistent with the spatial offsets revealed by HST and CO imaging. Based also on evaluations of the specific SFR, CO-to-H2 conversion factor and gas depletion timescale, we classify all the three galaxies as starbursts (SBs), although with a lower confidence for GN20.2b that might be a later stage merging event. We place our measurements in the context of the evolutionary properties of main sequence (MS) and SB galaxies. ULIRGs have 3-5 times larger L′CO/Mdust and Mdust/M⋆ ratios than z=0 MS galaxies, but by z∼2 the difference appears to be blurred, probably due to differential metallicity evolution. SB galaxies appear to slowly evolve in their L′CO/Mdust and Mdust/M⋆ ratios all the way to z>6 (consistent with rapid enrichment of SB events), while MS galaxies rapidly increase in Mdust/M⋆ from z=0 to 2 (due to gas fraction increase, compensated by a decrease of metallicities). While no IR/submm continuum detection is available for indisputably normal massive galaxies at z>2.5, we show that if metallicity indeed decrease rapidly for these systems at z>3 as claimed in the literature, we should expect a strong decrease of their Mdust/M⋆, consistent with recent PdBI and ALMA upper limits. We conclude that the Mdust/M⋆ ratio could be a powerful tool for distinguishing starbursts from normal galaxies at z>4
The human voice areas: Spatial organisation and inter-individual variability in temporal and extra-temporal cortices

FMRI studies increasingly examine functions and properties of non-primary areas of human auditory cortex. However there is currently no standardized localization procedure to reliably identify specific areas across individuals such as the standard 'localizers' available in the visual domain. Here we present an fMRI 'voice localizer' scan allowing rapid and reliable localization of the voice-sensitive 'temporal voice areas' (TVA) of human auditory cortex. We describe results obtained using this standardized localizer scan in a large cohort of normal adult subjects. Most participants (94%) showed bilateral patches of significantly greater response to vocal than non-vocal sounds along the superior temporal sulcus/gyrus (STS/STG). Individual activation patterns, although reproducible, showed high inter-individual variability in precise anatomical location. Cluster analysis of individual peaks from the large cohort highlighted three bilateral clusters of voice-sensitivity, or "voice patches" along posterior (TVAp), mid (TVAm) and anterior (TVAa) STS/STG, respectively. A series of extra-temporal areas including bilateral inferior prefrontal cortex and amygdalae showed small, but reliable voicesensitivity as part of a large-scale cerebral voice network. Stimuli for the voice localizer scan and probabilistic maps in MNI space are available for download
Search for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons in pp collisions at sqrts = 8TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search is presented for direct top-squark pair production in final states with two leptons (electrons or muons) of opposite charge using 20.3 fb−1 of pp collision data at ps = 8TeV, collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012. No excess over the Standard Model expectation is found. The results are interpreted under the separate assumptions (i) that the top squark decays to a b-quark in addition to an on-shell chargino whose decay occurs via a real or virtual W boson, or (ii) that the top squark decays to a t-quark and the lightest neutralino. A top squark with a mass between 150 GeV and 445 GeV decaying to a b-quark and an on-shell chargino is excluded at 95%\ud
confidence level for a top squark mass equal to the chargino mass plus 10 GeV, in the case\ud
of a 1 GeV lightest neutralino. Top squarks with masses between 215 (90) GeV and 530\ud
(170) GeV decaying to an on-shell (off-shell) t-quark and a neutralino are excluded at 95%\ud
confidence level for a 1 GeV neutralino
Genome-wide association study of survival from sepsis due to pneumonia: an observational cohort study.

BACKGROUND\ud
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Sepsis continues to be a major cause of death, disability, and health-care expenditure worldwide. Despite evidence suggesting that host genetics can influence sepsis outcomes, no specific loci have yet been convincingly replicated. The aim of this study was to identify genetic variants that influence sepsis survival.\ud
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METHODS\ud
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We did a genome-wide association study in three independent cohorts of white adult patients admitted to intensive care units with sepsis, severe sepsis, or septic shock (as defined by the International Consensus Criteria) due to pneumonia or intra-abdominal infection (cohorts 1-3, n=2534 patients). The primary outcome was 28 day survival. Results for the cohort of patients with sepsis due to pneumonia were combined in a meta-analysis of 1553 patients from all three cohorts, of whom 359 died within 28 days of admission to the intensive-care unit. The most significantly associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in a further 538 white patients with sepsis due to pneumonia (cohort 4), of whom 106 died.\ud
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FINDINGS\ud
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In the genome-wide meta-analysis of three independent pneumonia cohorts (cohorts 1-3), common variants in the FER gene were strongly associated with survival (p=9·7 × 10(-8)). Further genotyping of the top associated SNP (rs4957796) in the additional cohort (cohort 4) resulted in a combined p value of 5·6 × 10(-8) (odds ratio 0·56, 95% CI 0·45-0·69). In a time-to-event analysis, each allele reduced the mortality over 28 days by 44% (hazard ratio for death 0·56, 95% CI 0·45-0·69; likelihood ratio test p=3·4 × 10(-9), after adjustment for age and stratification by cohort). Mortality was 9·5% in patients carrying the CC genotype, 15·2% in those carrying the TC genotype, and 25·3% in those carrying the TT genotype. No significant genetic associations were identified when patients with sepsis due to pneumonia and intra-abdominal infection were combined.\ud
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INTERPRETATION\ud
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We have identified common variants in the FER gene that associate with a reduced risk of death from sepsis due to pneumonia. The FER gene and associated molecular pathways are potential novel targets for therapy or prevention and candidates for the development of biomarkers for risk stratification.\ud
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FUNDING\ud
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European Commission and the Wellcome Trust
AGN-host galaxy connection: morphology and colours of X-ray selected AGN at z ≤ 2

Context. The connection between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their host galaxies has been widely studied and found to be of great importance for providing answers to some fundamental questions related to AGN fuelling mechanisms, and both their formation and evolution. Aims. Using X-ray data and one of the deepest broad-band optical data sets available, we study how morphology and colours are related to X-ray properties for sources at redshifts z ≤ 2.0, using a sample of 262 AGN in the Subaru/XMM-Newton Deep Survey (SXDS). Methods. We performed our morphological classification using the galSVM code, which is a new method that is particularly suited to dealing with high-redshift sources. Colour-magnitude diagrams were studied in relationship to redshift, morphology, X-ray obscuration, and X-ray-to-optical flux ratio. We analysed the different regions in the colour-magnitude diagrams, and searched for correlations with the observed properties of AGN populations using models of their formation and evolution. Results. We confirm that a robust and reliable morphological classification of a general galaxy population at high redshift should be based on a multi-parametric approach. At least 50% of X-ray detected AGN at z <= 2.0 analysed in this work reside in spheroidal and bulge-dominated galaxies, while at least 18% have disk-dominated hosts. This suggests that different mechanisms may be responsible for triggering the nuclear activity. When analysing populations of X-ray detected AGN in both colour-magnitude and colour-stellar mass diagrams, the highest number of sources is found to reside in the green valley at redshifts ≃0.5-1.5. However, a larger number of low-luminosity AGN have been detected than in previous works owing to the substantial depth of the SXDS optical data. Whether AGN are hosted by early-or late-type galaxies, no clear relationship has been found with the optical colours (independently of redshift), as is typical of normal galaxies. Both early-and late-type AGN cover similar ranges of X-ray obscuration, for both unobscured and obscured sources. Conclusions. Our findings appear to confirm some previous suggestions that X-ray selected AGN residing in the green valley represent a transitional population, quenching star formation by means of different AGN feedback mechanisms and evolving to red-sequence galaxies. They might be hosted by similar sources (the majority of sources being late-type elliptical and lenticular galaxies, and early-type spirals) with similar stellar populations, which are triggered mainly by major and/or minor mergers, and in some cases by means of secular mechanism, as shown in previous numerical simulations. In the aforementioned transition we observe different phases of AGN activity, with some AGN being in the "QSO-mode" detected as compact, blue, and unobscured in X-rays, and with others passing through different phases before and after the "QSO-mode", being obscured and unobscured in X-rays, respectively
Nano silver and nano zinc-oxide in surface waters - exposure estimation for Europe at high spatial and temporal resolution

Nano silver and nano zinc-oxide monthly concentrations in surface waters across Europe were modeled at ~6 × 9 km spatial resolution. Nano-particle loadings from households to rivers were simulated considering household connectivity to sewerage, sewage treatment efficiency, the spatial distribution of sewage treatment plants, and their associated populations. These loadings were used to model temporally varying nano-particle concentrations in rivers, lakes and wetlands by considering dilution, downstream transport, water evaporation, water abstraction, and nano-particle sedimentation. Temporal variability in concentrations caused by weather variation was simulated using monthly weather data for a representative 31-year period. Modeled concentrations represent current levels of nano-particle production. Two scenarios were modeled. In the most likely scenario, half the river stretches had long-term average concentrations exceeding 0.002 ng/L nano silver and 1.5 ng/L nano zinc oxide. In 10% of the river stretches, these concentrations exceeded 0.18 ng/L and 150 ng/L, respectively. Predicted concentrations were usually highest in July
Measurement of prompt J/ψ pair production in pp collisions at s√ = 7 Tev

Production of prompt J/ψ meson pairs in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 7 TeV is measured with the CMS experiment at the LHC in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 4.7 fb−1. The two J/ψ mesons are fully reconstructed via their decays into μ+ μ− pairs. This observation provides for the first time access to the high-transverse-momentum region of J/ψ pair production where model predictions are not yet established. The total and differential cross sections are measured in a phase space defined by the individual J/ψ transverse momentum (p_{T}^{J/}^{ψ}) and rapidity (|y^{J/}^{ψ} |): |y^{J/}^{ψ} | < 1.2 for p_{T}^{J/}^{ψ} > 6.5 GeV/c, 1.2 < |y^{J/}^{ψ} | < 1.43 for a pT threshold that scales linearly with |y^{J/}^{ψ} | from 6.5 to 4.5 GeV/c, and 1.43 < |y^{J/}^{ψ} | < 2.2 for p_{T}^{J/}^{ψ} > 4.5 GeV/c. The total cross section, assuming unpolarized prompt J/ψ pair production is 1.49 ± 0.07 (stat) ±0.13 (syst) nb. Different assumptions about the J/ψ polarization imply modifications to the cross section ranging from −31% to +27%
Detection of very high energy gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275 by the MAGIC telescopes

We report on the detection of very high energy (VHE, E &gt; 100 GeV) gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275, the central radio galaxy of the Perseus cluster of galaxies. The source has been detected by the MAGIC telescopes with a statistical significance of 6.6 sigma above 100 GeV in 46 hr of stereo observations carried out between August 2010 and February 2011. The measured differential energy spectrum between 70 GeV and 500 GeV can be described by a power-law with a steep spectral index of Gamma = -4.1 +- 0.7stat +- 0.3syst, and the average flux above 100 GeV is F = (1.3 +- 0.2stat +- 0.3syst) x 10-11 cm-2 s-1. These results, combined with the power-law spectrum measured in the first two years of observations by the Fermi-LAT above 100 MeV, with a spectral index of Gamma ~= -2.1, strongly suggest the presence of a break or a cut-off around tens of GeV in the NGC 1275 spectrum. The light curve of the source above 100 GeV does not show hints of variability on month time-scale. Finally, we report on the non- detection in the present data of the radio galaxy IC 310, previously discovered by the Fermi-LAT and MAGIC. The derived flux upper limit F(U.L.) (&gt; 300 GeV) = 1.2 x 10-12 cm-2 s-1 is a factor ~ 3 lower than the mean flux measured by MAGIC between October 2009 and February 2010, thus confirming the year time-scale variability of the source at VHE
The μ → e γ decay in a systematic effective field theory approach with dimension 6 operators

We implement a systematic effective field theory approach to the benchmark process μ → e γ, performing automated one-loop computations including dimension 6 operators and studying their anomalous dimensions. We obtain limits on Wilson coefficients of a relevant subset of lepton-flavour violating operators that contribute to the branching ratio μ → e γ at one-loop. In addition, we illustrate a method to extract further constraints induced by the mixing of operators under renormalisation-group evolution. This results in limits on the corresponding Wilson coefficients directly at the high scale. The procedure can be applied to other processes as well and, as an example, we consider also lepton-flavour violating decays of the τ
Tagging boosted W s with wavelets

We present a new technique for distinguishing the hadronic decays of boosted heavy particles from QCD backgrounds based on wavelet transforms. As an initial exploration, we illustrate the technique in the particular case of hadronic W boson decays, comparing it to the “mass drop” cut currently used by the LHC experiments. We apply wavelet cuts, which make use of complementary information, and in combination with the mass drop cut result in an improvement of ~ 7% in discovery reach of hadronic W boson final states over a wide range of transverse momenta
Improved estimates of the nuclear structure corrections in μ D

We calculate the nuclear structure corrections to the Lamb shift in muonic deuterium by using state-of-the-art nucleon–nucleon potentials derived from chiral effective field theory. Our calculations complement previous theoretical work obtained from phenomenological potentials and the zero range approximation. The study of the chiral convergence order-by-order and the dependence on cutoff variations allows us to improve the estimates on the nuclear structure corrections and the theoretical uncertainty coming from nuclear potentials. This will enter the determination of the nuclear radius from ongoing muonic deuterium experiments at PSI
Kibble-Zurek scaling in holographic quantum quench: backreaction

We study gauge and gravity backreaction in a holographic model of quantum quench across a superfluid critical transition. The model involves a complex scalar field coupled to a gauge and gravity field in the bulk. In earlier work (arXiv:1211.7076) the scalar field had a strong self-coupling, in which case the backreaction on both the metric and the gauge field can be ignored. In this approximation, it was shown that when a time dependent source for the order parameter drives the system across the critical point at a rate slow compared to the initial gap, the dynamics in the critical region is dominated by a zero mode of the bulk scalar, leading to a Kibble-Zurek type scaling function. We show that this mechanism for emergence of scaling behavior continues to hold without any self-coupling in the presence of backreaction of gauge field and gravity. Even though there are no zero modes for the metric and the gauge field, the scalar dynamics induces adiabaticity breakdown leading to scaling. This yields scaling behavior for the time dependence of the charge density and energy momentum tensor
Experimental constraints on the γ -ray strength function in 90 Zr using partial cross sections of the Y89(p,γ)Zr90 reaction

Partial cross sections of the Y89(p,γ)Zr90 reaction have been measured to investigate the γ -ray strength function in the neutron–magic nucleus 90 Zr. For five proton energies between Ep=3.65 MeV and Ep=4.70 MeV , partial cross sections for the population of seven discrete states in 90 Zr have been determined by means of in-beam γ -ray spectroscopy. Since these γ -ray transitions are dominantly of E 1 character, the present measurement allows an access to the low-lying dipole strength in 90 Zr. A γ -ray strength function based on the experimental data could be extracted, which is used to describe the total and partial cross sections of this reaction by Hauser–Feshbach calculations successfully. Significant differences with respect to previously measured strength functions from photoabsorption data point towards deviations from the Brink–Axel hypothesis relating the photo-excitation and de-excitation strength functions
Status and prospects for CPT and Lorentz invariance violation searches in neutral meson mixing

An overview of current experimental bounds on CPT violation in neutral meson mixing is given. New values for the CPT asymmetry in the B0 and Bs0 systems are deduced from published BaBar, Belle and LHCb results. With dedicated analyses, LHCb will be able to further improve the bounds on CPT violation in the D0 , B0 and Bs0 systems. Since CPT violation implies violation of Lorentz invariance in an interacting local quantum field theory, the observed CPT asymmetry will exhibit sidereal- and boost-dependent variations. Such CPT -violating and Lorentz-violating effects are accommodated in the framework of the Standard Model Extension (SME). The large boost of the neutral mesons produced at LHCb results in a high sensitivity to the corresponding SME coefficients. For the B0 and Bs0 systems, using existing LHCb results, we determine with high precision the SME coefficients that are not varying with sidereal time. With a full sidereal analysis, LHCb will be able to improve the existing SME bounds in the D0 , B0 and Bs0 systems by up to two orders of magnitude
Large magnetoresistance in Fe/MgO/FeCo(001) epitaxial tunnel junctions on GaAs(001)

We present tunneling experiments on Fe(001)/MgO(20 Å)/FeCo(001) single-crystal epitaxial junctions of high quality grown by sputtering and laser ablation. Tunnel magnetoresistance measurements give 60% at 30 K, to be compared with 13% obtained recently on (001)-oriented Fe/amorphous-Al2O3/FeCo tunnel junctions. This difference demonstrates that the spin polarization of tunneling electrons is not directly related to the density of states of the free metal surface—Fe(001) in this case—but depends on the actual electronic structure of the entire electrode/barrier system.The Spanish Commission of Science and Technology (CICyT), Comunidad de Madrid and Acciones Integradas Hispano Francesas (Picasso Program) are acknowledged for\ud
financial support.Peer reviewe
Green space, health and wellbeing:making space for individual agency

This essay examines the assumptions of green space use underpinning much existing green space and health research. It considers opportunities to move the field forward through exploring two often overlooked aspects of individual agency: the influence of shifting life circumstances on personal wellbeing priorities and place practices, and the role of personal orientations to nature in shaping how green space wellbeing opportunities are perceived and experienced. It suggests such efforts could provide more nuanced insights into the complex, personal factors that define and drive individual choices regarding the use of green spaces for wellbeing over time, thereby strengthening our understanding of the salutogenic potential (and limits) of green spaces