pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for electroweak production of charginos in final states with two τ leptons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV

Results are presented from a search for the electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in pp collisions in final states with two τ leptons. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity between 18.1 $fb^{−1}$ and 19.6 $fb^{−1}$ depending on the final state of τ lepton decays, at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The observed event yields in the signal regions are consistent with the expected standard model backgrounds. The results are interpreted using simplified models describing the pair production and decays of charginos or τ sleptons. For models describing the pair production of the lightest chargino, exclusion regions are obtained in the plane of chargino mass vs. neutralino mass under the following assumptions: the chargino decays into third-generation sleptons, which are taken to be the lightest sleptons, and the sleptons masses lie midway between those of the chargino and the neutralino. Chargino masses below 420 GeV are excluded at a 95% confidence level in the limit of a massless neutralino, and for neutralino masses up to 100 GeV, chargino masses up to 325 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. Constraints are also placed on the cross section for pair production of τ sleptons as a function of mass, assuming a massless neutralino
Hydrogen bonding in proton-transfer compounds of 5-sulfosalicylic acid with ortho-substituted monocyclic heteroaromatic Lewis bases

The crystal structures of the 1:1 proton-transfer compounds of 5-sulfosalicylic acid with the ortho-substituted monocyclic heteroaromatic Lewis bases, 2-aminopyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine and 2-aminopyrimidine, viz. 2-aminopyridinium 5-sulfosalicylate (1), 2-hydroxypyridinium 5-sulfosalicylate monohydrate (2) and 2-aminopyrimidinium 5-sulfosalicylate monohydrate (3) have been determined and their hydrogen-bonding patterns described. All compounds are monoclinic, space group P21/c, with Z=4 in cells with dimensions a=7.898(5), b=11.159(11), c=14.912(7) Ŭ ߽96.849(11)ࠨ1);=7.260(2), b=15.292(3), c=12.615(2) Ŭ ߽102.45(5)ࠨ2) and a=7.0430(7), b=12.1871(16), c=16.2825(12) Ŭ ߽101.364(7)ࠨ3). All three compounds show some molecular disorder, in 1 within the cation species and with both 2 and 3, a similar rotational disorder in the anion sulfonate group. Hydrogen bonding in all three compounds together with significant cation-anion or cation-cation inter-ring p-p interactions generate three-dimensional layered polymer structures.Full Tex
An animation system for fracturing of rigid objects

This paper describes a system for the animation of fracturing brittle objects. The system combines rigid body simulation methods with a constraint-based model to animate fracturing of arbitrary polyhedral shaped objects under impact. The objects are represented as sets of masses, where pairs of adjacent masses are connected via a distance-preserving linear constraint. Lagrange multipliers are used to compute the forces exerted by those constraints, where these forces determine how and where the object will break. However, a problem with existing systems is that the initial body models exhibit well-defined uniformity, which makes the generated animations unrealistic. This work introduces a method for generating more realistic cracks without any performance loss. This method is easy to implement and applicable on different models.\ud
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Computer and Information Sciences - ISCIS 2005, 20th International Symposium, Istanbul, Turkey, October 26-28, 2005, Proceeding
Pathways for sustainable technology development : The case of bicycle mobility in Berlin

Sustainability requires that quality of life and resource consumption are harmonized. The use of sustainable technologies fosters their harmonization. A scenario based method has been developed for identifying sustainable technology systems on different levels of development and in different areas of human living. The developed method consists of four elements: the surrounding field scenarios, technology pool, sustainability assessment and system creation. They can be applied in various paths with different starting points. The two technology induced paths, emanating from either a system or a system element, enable the transformation of technological potentials into useful applications. The problem induced path, emanating from future framework conditions of an observed field, allows human needs to be satisfied trough technological potentials.

The application shown in this paper illustrates the usage of the method's problem induced path in mobility as one area of human living. Based on three surrounding field scenarios for bicycle mobility in Berlin, technology systems for bicycle design, operation and their repair in self-help workshops are illustrated
Survey of antibiotic use of individuals visiting public healthcare facilities in Indonesia.

Contains fulltext :
                  70928.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)OBJECTIVES: To estimate the antibiotic use of individuals visiting public healthcare facilities in Indonesia and to identify determinants of use against a background of high resistance rates. METHODS: Patients on admission to hospital (group A), visiting a primary health center (group B), and healthy relatives (group C) were included in the study. A questionnaire on demographic, socioeconomic, and healthcare-related items including health complaints and consumption of antibiotics was used. Logistic regression was performed to determine the co-variables of antibiotic use. RESULTS: Of 2996 individuals interviewed, 486 (16%) had taken an antibiotic. Compared to group C (7% consumption), groups B and A exhibited a three-fold and four-fold higher use of antibiotics, respectively. Respiratory (80%) and gastrointestinal (13%) symptoms were most frequent. Aminopenicillins and tetracyclines accounted for 80% of the prescribed antibiotics. Similar antibiotics were self-medicated (17% of users). Age less than 18 years and health insurance were independent determinants of antibiotic use. Urban provenance, being adult, male, and having no health insurance were independent determinants of self-medication. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to health complaints, other factors determined antibiotic consumption. In view of the likely viral origin of respiratory complaints and the resistance of intestinal pathogens, most antibiotic use was probably unnecessary or ineffective. Future interventions should be directed towards healthcare providers
ASPEN plus modelling of air-steam gasification of biomass with sorbent enabled CO2 capture

The work deals with the modelling and simulation of carbon dioxide capture in air-steam gasification of saw dust using ASPEN Plus process simulator. The proposed quasi-steady state model incorporates pyrolysis, tar cracking and char conversion using existing experimental data. Prediction accuracy of the developed model is validated by comparing with available experimental results. Effects of CaO addition in air-steam gasification are analysed through key operating parameters such as gasification temperature, equivalence ratio, steam to biomass ratio and gasification efficiency. Maximum H2 mole fraction of 31.17% is obtained at a temperature of 900 K, equivalence ratio of 0.25, and steam to biomass ratio and sorbent to biomass ratio of unity. The H2 and CO2 mole fractions are found to be increased and decreased by 28.10% and 42.6%, respectively, when compared with the corresponding non- sorbent case
Transparency ratio in γ A -> η' A ' and the in-medium η ' width

The photoproduction of η′η′-mesons off different nuclei has been measured with the CBELSA/TAPS detector system for incident photon energies between 1500-2200 MeV. The transparency ratio has been deduced and compared to theoretical calculations describing the propagation of η′η′-mesons in nuclei. The comparison indicates a width of the η′η′-meson of the order of Γ=15-25 MeVΓ=15-25 MeV at ρ=ρ0ρ=ρ0 for an average momentum pη′=1050 MeV/cpη′=1050 MeV/c, at which the η′η′-meson is produced in the nuclear rest frame. The inelastic η′Nη′N cross section is estimated to be 3-10 mb. Parameterizing the photoproduction cross section of η′η′-mesons by σ(A)=σ0Aασ(A)=σ0Aα, a value of α=0.84±0.03α=0.84±0.03 has been deduced.M. Nanova1, V. Metag1, A. Ramos2, E. Oset3, I. Jaegle4,a, K. Makonyi1, K. Brinkmann5,
O. Bartholomy5, D. Bayadilov5,6, Y.A. Beloglazov6, V. Crede5,b, H. Dutz5, A. Ehmanns5,
D. Elsner7, K. Essig5, R. Ewald7, I. Fabry5, M. Fuchs5, Ch. Funke5, R. Gregor1,
A.B. Gridnev6, E. Gutz5, S. H¨offgen5, P. Hoffmeister5, I. Horn5, J. Junkersfeld5,
H. Kalinowsky5, Frank Klein7, Friedrich Klein7, E. Klempt5, M. Konrad7, B. Kopf8,9,
B. Krusche4, J. Langheinrich7,9, H. L¨ohner10, I.V. Lopatin6, J. Lotz5, S. Lugert1,
D. Menze7, T. Mertens4, J.G. Messchendorp10, C. Morales7, R. Novotny1, M. Ostrick7,c,
L.M. Pant1,d, H. van Pee5, M. Pfeiffer1, A. Roy1,e, A. Radkov6, S. Schadmand1,f ,
Ch. Schmidt5, H. Schmieden7, B. Schoch7, A. S¨ule7, V. V. Sumachev6,
T. Szczepanek5, U. Thoma5, D. Trnka1, R. Varma1,g, D. Walther5, Ch. Wendel5
(The CBELSA/TAPS Collaboration)Ramos, A., Oset, E.,... [et al.] fins 61 autor
Precipitation distributions for explicit versus parameterized convection in a large-domain high-resolution tropical case study

Global climate and weather models tend to produce rainfall that is too light and too regular over the tropical ocean. This is likely because of convective parametrizations, but the problem is not well understood. Here, distributions of precipitation rates are analyzed for high-resolution UK Met Office Unified Model simulations of a 10 day case study over a large tropical domain (∼20°S–20°N and 42°E–180°E). Simulations with 12 km grid length and parametrized convection have too many occurrences of light rain and too few of heavier rain when interpolated onto a 1° grid and compared with Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) data. In fact, this version of the model appears to have a preferred scale of rainfall around 0.4 mm h−1 (10 mm day−1), unlike observations of tropical rainfall. On the other hand, 4 km grid length simulations with explicit convection produce distributions much more similar to TRMM observations. The apparent preferred scale at lighter rain rates seems to be a feature of the convective parametrization rather than the coarse resolution, as demonstrated by results from 12 km simulations with explicit convection and 40 km simulations with parametrized convection. In fact, coarser resolution models with explicit convection tend to have even more heavy rain than observed. Implications for models using convective parametrizations, including interactions of heating and moistening profiles with larger scales, are discussed. One important implication is that the explicit convection 4 km model has temperature and moisture tendencies that favour transitions in the convective regime. Also, the 12 km parametrized convection model produces a more stable temperature profile at its extreme high-precipitation range, which may reduce the chance of very heavy rainfall. Further study is needed to determine whether unrealistic precipitation distributions are due to some fundamental limitation of convective parametrizations or whether parametrizations can be improved, in order to better simulate these distributions
Upregulation of Tim-3 and PD-1 expression is associated with tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cell dysfunction in melanoma patients.

The paradoxical coexistence of spontaneous tumor antigen-specific immune responses with progressive disease in cancer patients furthers the need to dissect the molecular pathways involved in tumor-induced T cell dysfunction. In patients with advanced melanoma, we have previously shown that the cancer-germline antigen NY-ESO-1 stimulates spontaneous NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells that up-regulate PD-1 expression. We also observed that PD-1 regulates NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cell expansion upon chronic antigen stimulation. In the present study, we show that a fraction of PD-1(+) NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells in patients with advanced melanoma up-regulates Tim-3 expression and that Tim-3(+)PD-1(+) NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells are more dysfunctional than Tim-3(-)PD-1(+) and Tim-3(-)PD-1(-) NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells, producing less IFN-γ, TNF, and IL-2. Tim-3-Tim-3L blockade enhanced cytokine production by NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells upon short ex vivo stimulation with cognate peptide, thus enhancing their functional capacity. In addition, Tim-3-Tim-3L blockade enhanced cytokine production and proliferation of NY-ESO-1-specific CD8(+) T cells upon prolonged antigen stimulation and acted in synergy with PD-1-PD-L1 blockade. Collectively, our findings support the use of Tim-3-Tim-3L blockade together with PD-1-PD-L1 blockade to reverse tumor-induced T cell exhaustion/dysfunction in patients with advanced melanoma
Gr\"obner-Shirshov bases for Lie algebras over a commutative algebra

In this paper we establish a Gr\"{o}bner-Shirshov bases theory for Lie
algebras over commutative rings. As applications we give some new examples of
special Lie algebras (those embeddable in associative algebras over the same
ring) and non-special Lie algebras (following a suggestion of P.M. Cohn (1963)
\cite{Conh}). In particular, Cohn's Lie algebras over the characteristic $p$
are non-special when $p=2,\ 3,\ 5$. We present an algorithm that one can check
for any $p$, whether Cohn's Lie algebras is non-special. Also we prove that any
finitely or countably generated Lie algebra is embeddable in a two-generated
Lie algebra
Enhancement of sub-barrier fusion of two-neutron halo nuclei

The tunneling of composite systems, where breakup may occur during the
barrier penetration process is considered in connection with the fusion of
halo-like radioactive, neutron- and proton-rich nuclei on heavy targets. The
large amount of recent and new data clearly indicates that breakup hinders the
fusion at near and below the Coulomb barrier energies. However, clear evidence
for the halo enhancements, seems to over ride the breakup hindrance at lower
energies, owing, to a large extent, to the extended matter density
distribution. In particular we report here that at sub-barrier energies the
fusion cross section of the Borromean two-neutron halo nucleus $^{6}$He with
the actinide nucleus $^{238}$U is significantly enhanced compared to the fusion
of a no-halo $^{6}$He. This conclusion differs from that of the original work,
where it was claimed that no such enhancement ensues. This sub-barrier fusion
enhancement was also observed in the $^{6}$He + $^{209}$% Bi system. The role
of the corresponding easily excitable low lying dipole pygmy resonance in these
systems is therefore significant. The consequence of this overall enhanced
fusion of halo nuclei at sub-barrier energies, on stellar evolution and
nucleosynthesis is evident.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure
Metal-insulator transition in 2D: Anderson localization by
  temperature-dependent disorder?

A generalization of the single-parameter scaling theory of localization is
proposed for the case when the random potential depends on temperature. The
scaling equation describing the behavior of the resistance is derived. It is
shown that the competition between the metallic-like temperature dependence of
the Drude resistivity and localization leads to a maximum (minimum) at higher
(lower) temperatures. An illustration of a metal-insulator transition in the
model of charged traps, whose concentration depends on temperature, is
presented.Comment: Presented at the VIII International Conference on "Hopping and
  Related Phenomena", Sept. 99, Murcia, Spain. To be published in: Phys. Stat.
  Sol. Extended version will be posted late
Branching Fraction, Polarization and CP-Violating Asymmetries in B0 ->
  D*+ D*- Decays

We present measurements of the branching fraction, the polarization
parameters and CP-violating asymmetries in B0 -> D*+ D*- decays using a 140/fb
data sample collected at the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at
the KEKB energy-asymmetric e+e- collider. We obtain B(B0 -> D*+ D*-) = [0.81 +-
0.08(stat) +- 0.11(syst)] x 10^{-3}, R\perp = 0.19 +- 0.08(stat) +- 0.01(syst),
R0 = 0.57 +- 0.08(stat) +- 0.02(syst), S = -0.75 +- 0.56(stat) +- 0.12(syst)
and A = -0.26 +- 0.26(stat) +- 0.06(syst). Consistency with Standard Model
expectations is also discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Magic Neutrino Mass Matrix and the Bjorken-Harrison-Scott
  Parameterization

Observed neutrino mixing can be described by a tribimaximal MNS matrix. The
resulting neutrino mass matrix in the basis of a diagonal charged lepton mass
matrix is both 2-3 symmetric and magic. By a magic matrix, I mean one whose row
sums and column sums are all identical. I study what happens if 2-3 symmetry is
broken but the magic symmetry is kept intact. In that case, the mixing matrix
is parameterized by a single complex parameter $U_{e3}$, in a form discussed
recently by Bjorken, Harrison, and Scott.Comment: Two references added. To appear in Physics Letters
Di-Higgs final states augMT2ed -- selecting $hh$ events at the high
  luminosity LHC

Higgs boson self-interactions can be investigated via di-Higgs ($pp\to hh+X$)
production at the LHC. With a small ${\cal{O}}(30)$ fb Standard Model
production cross section, and a large $t\bar t$ background, this measurement
has been considered challenging, even at a luminosity-upgraded LHC. We
demonstrate that by using simple kinematic bounding variables, of the sort
already employed in existing LHC searches, the dominant $t\bar t$ background
can be largely eliminated. Simulations of the signal and the dominant
background demonstrate the prospect for measurement of the di-Higgs production
cross section at the 30% level using 3/ab of integrated luminosity at a
high-luminosity LHC. This corresponds to a Higgs self-coupling determination
with 60% accuracy in the $b\bar b \tau^+\tau^-$ mode, with potential for
further improvements from e.g. subjet technologies and from additional di-Higgs
decay channels.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 tabl
Supersymmetric D2 anti-D2 Strings

We consider the flat supersymmetric D2 and anti-D2 system, which follows from
ordinary noncommutative D2 anti-D2 branes by turning on an appropriate
worldvolume electric field describing dissolved fundamental strings. We study
the strings stretched between D2 and anti-D2 branes and show explicitly that
the would-be tachyonic states become massless. We compute the string spectrum
and clarify the induced noncommutativity on the worldvolume. The results are
compared with the matrix theory description of the worldvolume gauge theories.Comment: 11 pages, typos correcte
Classification of smooth embeddings of 4-manifolds in 7-space, I

We work in the smooth category. Let N be a closed connected n-manifold and
assume that m>n+2. Denote by E^m(N) the set of embeddings N -> R^m up to
isotopy. The group E^m(S^n) acts on E^m(N) by embedded connected sum of a
manifold and a sphere. If E^m(S^n) is non-zero (which often happens for
2m<3n+4) then no results on this action and no complete description of E^m(N)
were known. Our main results are examples of the triviality and the
effectiveness of this action, and a complete isotopy classification of
embeddings into R^7 for certain 4-manifolds N. The proofs are based on the
Kreck modification of surgery theory and on construction of a new embedding
invariant.
  Corollary. (a) There is a unique embedding CP^2 -> R^7 up to isoposition.
  (b) For each embedding f : CP^2 -> R^7 and each non-trivial knot g : S^4 ->
R^7 the embedding f#g is isotopic to f.Comment: 22 pages, no figures, statement and proof of the Effectiveness
  Theorem correcte
Consistent Histories and Quantum Delayed Choice

John Wheeler devised a gedanken experiment in which a piece of apparatus can
be altered just before the arrival of particle, and this ``delayed choice''
can, seemingly, alter the quantum state of the particle at a much earlier time,
long before the choice is made.
  A slightly different gedanken experiment, which exhibits the same conceptual
difficulty, is analyzed using the techniques of consistent history quantum
theory. The idea that the future influences the past disappears when proper
account is taken of the diversity of possible quantum descriptions of the
world, and their mutual compatibility or incompatibility.Comment: Latex 9 pages, 1 figure. Fundamental Problems in Quantum Theory,
  University of Maryland Baltimore, 199
OASIS is Automated Statistical Inference for Segmentation, with applications to multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation in MRI☆

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to detect lesions in the brains of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and is essential for diagnosing the disease and monitoring its progression. In practice, lesion load is often quantified by either manual or semi-automated segmentation of MRI, which is time-consuming, costly, and associated with large inter- and intra-observer variability. We propose OASIS is Automated Statistical Inference for Segmentation (OASIS), an automated statistical method for segmenting MS lesions in MRI studies. We use logistic regression models incorporating multiple MRI modalities to estimate voxel-level probabilities of lesion presence. Intensity-normalized T1-weighted, T2-weighted, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and proton density volumes from 131 MRI studies (98 MS subjects, 33 healthy subjects) with manual lesion segmentations were used to train and validate our model. Within this set, OASIS detected lesions with a partial area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for clinically relevant false positive rates of 1% and below of 0.59% (95% CI; [0.50%, 0.67%]) at the voxel level. An experienced MS neuroradiologist compared these segmentations to those produced by LesionTOADS, an image segmentation software that provides segmentation of both lesions and normal brain structures. For lesions, OASIS out-performed LesionTOADS in 74% (95% CI: [65%, 82%]) of cases for the 98 MS subjects. To further validate the method, we applied OASIS to 169 MRI studies acquired at a separate center. The neuroradiologist again compared the OASIS segmentations to those from LesionTOADS. For lesions, OASIS ranked higher than LesionTOADS in 77% (95% CI: [71%, 83%]) of cases. For a randomly selected subset of 50 of these studies, one additional radiologist and one neurologist also scored the images. Within this set, the neuroradiologist ranked OASIS higher than LesionTOADS in 76% (95% CI: [64%, 88%]) of cases, the neurologist 66% (95% CI: [52%, 78%]) and the radiologist 52% (95% CI: [38%, 66%]). OASIS obtains the estimated probability for each voxel to be part of a lesion by weighting each imaging modality with coefficient weights. These coefficients are explicit, obtained using standard model fitting techniques, and can be reused in other imaging studies. This fully automated method allows sensitive and specific detection of lesion presence and may be rapidly applied to large collections of images
Entanglement Entropy and Duality in AdS(4)

Small variations of the entanglement entropy \delta S and the expectation
value of the modular Hamiltonian \delta E are computed holographically for
circular entangling curves in the boundary of AdS(4), using gravitational
perturbations with general boundary conditions in spherical coordinates.
Agreement with the first law of thermodynamics, \delta S = \delta E, requires
that the line element of the entangling curve remains constant. In this
context, we also find a manifestation of electric-magnetic duality for the
entanglement entropy and the corresponding modular Hamiltonian, following from
the holographic energy-momentum/Cotton tensor duality.Comment: 43 pages, 2 figures, v2: a few clarifications have been added; final
  version to appear in Nucl. Phys.