pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Superconformal partial waves in Grassmannian field theories.

We derive superconformal partial waves for all scalar four-point functions on a super Grassmannian space Gr(m|n, 2m|2n) for all m, n. This family of four-point functions includes those of all (arbitrary weight) half BPS operators in both N=4N=4 SYM (m = n = 2) and in N = 2 superconformal field theories in four dimensions (m = 2, n = 1) on analytic superspace. It also includes four-point functions of all (arbitrary dimension) scalar fields in non-supersymmetric conformal field theories (m = 2, n = 0) on Minkowski space, as well as those of a certain class of representations of the compact SU(2n) coset spaces. As an application we then specialise to N=4N=4 SYM and use these results to perform a detailed superconformal partial wave analysis of the four-point functions of arbitrary weight half BPS operators. We discuss the non-trivial separation of protected and unprotected sectors for the <2222>, <2233> and <3333> cases in an SU(N) gauge theory at finite N. The <2233> correlator predicts a non-trivial protected twist four sector for <3333> which we can completely determine using the knowledge that there is precisely one such protected twist four operator for each spin
Simple approach for calculating the binding free energy of a multivalent
  particle

We present a simple yet accurate numerical approach to compute the free
energy of binding of multivalent objects on a receptor-coated surface. The
method correctly accounts for the fact that one ligand can bind to at most one
receptor. The numerical approach is based on a saddle-point approximation to
the computation of a complex residue. We compare our theory with the powerful
Valence-Limited Interaction Theory (VLIT) (J. Chem. Phys. 137, 094108(2012), J.
Chem. Phys. 138, 021102(2013)) and find excellent agreement in the regime where
that theory is expected to work. However, the present approach even works for
low receptor/ligand densities, where VLIT breaks down.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Relative contribution of feed-forward excitatory connections to expression of ocular dominance plasticity in layer 4 of visual cortex

Brief monocular deprivation (MD) shifts ocular dominance (OD) in primary visual cortex by causing depression of responses to the deprived eye. Here we address the extent to which the shift is expressed by a modification of excitatory synaptic transmission. An OD shift was first induced with 3 days of MD, and then the influences of intracortical polysynaptic inhibitory and excitatory synapses were pharmacologically removed, leaving only “feedforward” thalamocortical synaptic currents. The results show that the rapid OD shift following MD is strongly expressed at the level of thalamocortical synaptic transmission.National Institutes of Health (U.S.
A novel look at energy equipartition in globular clusters

Two-body interactions play a major role in shaping the structural and dynamical properties of globular clusters (GCs) over their long-term evolution. In particular, GCs evolve toward a state of partial energy equipartition that induces a mass-dependence in their kinematics. By using a set of Monte Carlo cluster simulations evolved in quasi isolation, we show that the stellar mass dependence of the velocity dispersion σ(m) can be described by an exponential function σ 2 ∝ exp(−m/meq), with the parameter\ud
meq quantifying the degree of partial energy equipartition of the systems. This simple parametrization successfully captures the behaviour of the velocity dispersion at lower as well as higher stellar masses, that is, the regime where the system is expected to approach full equipartition. We find a tight correlation between the degree if equipartition reached by a GC and its dynamical state, indicating that clusters that are more than about 20 core relaxation times old, have reached a maximum degree of equipartition. This equipartition−dynamical state relation can be used as a tool to characterize the relaxation condition of a cluster with a kinematic measure of the meq parameter. Vice versa, the mass-dependence of the kinematics can be predicted knowing the relaxation time solely on the basis of photometric measurements. Moreover, any deviations from this tight relation could be used as a probe of a peculiar dynamical history of a cluster. Finally, our novel approach is important for the interpretation of state-of-the-art Hubble Space Telescope proper motion data, for which the mass dependence of kinematics can now be measured, and for the application of modeling techniques which take into consideration multi-mass components and mass segregation
The approved pediatric drug suramin identified as a clinical candidate for the treatment of EV71 infection-suramin inhibits EV71 infection in vitro and in vivo.

International audienceEnterovirus 71 (EV71) causes severe central nervous system infections, leading to cardiopulmonary complications and death in young children. There is an urgent unmet medical need for new pharmaceutical agents to control EV71 infections. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we found that the approved pediatric antiparasitic drug suramin blocked EV71 infectivity by a novel mechanism of action that involves binding of the naphtalentrisulonic acid group of suramin to the viral capsid. Moreover, we demonstrate that when suramin is used in vivo at doses equivalent to or lower than the highest dose already used in humans, it significantly decreased mortality in mice challenged with a lethal dose of EV71 and peak viral load in adult rhesus monkeys. Thus, suramin inhibits EV71 infection by neutralizing virus particles prior to cell attachment. Consequently, these findings identify suramin as a clinical candidate for further development as a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment for severe EV71 infection
Double-lepton polarization asymmetries and branching ratio in B -> K-0(*)(1430)l(+)l(-) transition from universal extra dimension model

We investigate the B -> K-0(*)(1430)l(+)l(-) transition in the Applequist-Cheng-Dobrescu model in the presence of a universal extra dimension. In particular, we calculate double lepton polarization asymmetries and branching ratio related to this channel and compare the obtained results with the predictions of the standard model. Our analysis of the considered observables in terms of radius R of the compactified extra-dimension as the new parameter of the model show a considerable discrepancy between the predictions of two models in low 1/R values
Drug-induced toxicity on mitochondria and lipid metabolism: mechanistic diversity and deleterious consequences for the liver.

International audienceNumerous investigations have shown that mitochondrial dysfunction is a major mechanism of drug-induced liver injury, which involves the parent drug or a reactive metabolite generated through cytochromes P450. Depending of their nature and their severity, the mitochondrial alterations are able to induce mild to fulminant hepatic cytolysis and steatosis (lipid accumulation), which can have different clinical and pathological features. Microvesicular steatosis, a potentially severe liver lesion usually associated with liver failure and profound hypoglycemia, is due to a major inhibition of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Macrovacuolar steatosis, a relatively benign liver lesion in the short term, can be induced not only by a moderate reduction of mitochondrial FAO but also by an increased hepatic de novo lipid synthesis and a decreased secretion of VLDL-associated triglycerides. Moreover, recent investigations suggest that some drugs could favor lipid deposition in the liver through primary alterations of white adipose tissue (WAT) homeostasis. If the treatment is not interrupted, steatosis can evolve toward steatohepatitis, which is characterized not only by lipid accumulation but also by necroinflammation and fibrosis. Although the mechanisms involved in this aggravation are not fully characterized, it appears that overproduction of reactive oxygen species by the damaged mitochondria could play a salient role. Numerous factors could favor drug-induced mitochondrial and metabolic toxicity, such as the structure of the parent molecule, genetic predispositions (in particular those involving mitochondrial enzymes), alcohol intoxication, hepatitis virus C infection, and obesity. In obese and diabetic patients, some drugs may induce acute liver injury more frequently while others may worsen the pre-existent steatosis (or steatohepatitis)
Software Evolution from the Field. An Experience Report from the Squeak Maintainers

International audienceOver the last few years, we actively participated in the maintenance and evolution of Squeak, an open-source Smalltalk. The community is constantly faced with the problem of enabling changes while at the same time preserving compatibility. In this paper we describe the current situation, the problems that faced the community and we outline the improve- ments that have been introduced. We also identify some areas where problems continue to exist and propose these as potential problems to addressed by the research community
User-friendly mathematical model for the design of sulfate reducing H2/CO2 fed bioreactors

The paper presents three steady-state mathematical models for the design of H2/CO2 fed gas-lift reactors aimed at biological sulfate reduction to remove sulfate from wastewater. Models 1A and 1B are based on heterotrophic sulfate reducing bacteria (HSRB), while Model 2 is based on autotrophic sulfate reducing bacteria (ASRB) as the dominant group of sulfate reducers in the gas-lift reactor. Once the influent wastewater characteristics are known and the desired sulfate removal efficiency is fixed, all models give explicit mathematical relationships to determine the bioreactor volume and the effluent concentrations of substrates and products. The derived explicit relationships make application of the models very easy, fast and no iterative procedures are required. Model simulations show that the size of the H2/CO2 fed gas-lift reactors aimed at biological sulfate removal from wastewater highly depends on the number and type of trophic groups growing in the bioreactor. In particular, if the biological sulfate reduction is performed in a bioreactor where ASRB prevail, the required bioreactor volume is much smaller than that needed with HSRB. This is because ASRB can out-compete methanogenic archarea (MA) for H2 (assuming sulfate concentrations are not limiting), whereas HSRB do not necessarily out-compete MA due to their dependence on homoacetogenic bacteria (HB) for organic carbon. The reactor sizes to reach the same sulfate removal efficiency by HSRB and ASRB are only comparable when methanogenesis is inhibited. Moreover, model results indicate that acetate supply to the reactor influent does not affect the HSRB biomass required in the reactor, but favours the dominance of MA on HB as a consequence of a lower HB requirement for acetate supply
OpenAIRE guidelines for CRIS managers : supporting interoperability of open research information through established standards

Paper presented at the: CRIS2014: 12th International Conference on Current Research Information Systems (Rome, May 13-15, 2014)OpenAIRE is the European infrastructure enabling researchers to comply with the European Union requirements for Open Access to research results. OpenAIRE collects metadata from data sources across Europe and beyond and defines interoperability guidelines to assist providers in exposing their information in a way that is compatible with OpenAIRE. This contribution focuses on a specific type of data source, CRIS systems, and the respective OpenAIRE guidelines, based on CERIF XML. A range of issues, spanning different aspects of information representation and exchange, needed to be addressed by the guidelines in order to define a complete solution for interoperability.The work presented in this paper has been partly supported by the OpenAIREplus Project (Ref No: 283595) of the European Union FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES Programme.Jan Dvořák’s work on this article was partly supported by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic through grant no. LG14007. The authors wish to acknowledge the valuable feedback provided by the reviewers of the OpenAIRE guidelines for CRIS managers (the reviewers’ list is available at the OpenAIRE guidelines wiki3)
Search for the production of single vector-like and excited quarks in the Wt final state in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for vector-like quarks and excited quarks in events containing a top quark and a W boson in the final state is reported here. The search is based on 20.3 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data taken at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector. Events with one or two leptons, and one, two or three jets are selected with the additional requirement that at least one jet contains a b-quark. Single-lepton events are also required to contain at least one large-radius jet from the hadronic decay of a high-p T W boson or a top quark. No significant excess over the expected background is observed and upper limits on the cross-section times branching ratio for different vector-like quark and excited-quark model masses are derived. For the excited-quark production and decay to Wt with unit couplings, quarks with masses below 1500 GeV are excluded and coupling-dependent limits are set
Annealing effect on the Fe/Pt multilayers grown on Al2O3 (0001) substrates.

[[abstract]]We studied the structure and magnetic properties of molecular-beam epitaxy grown 300 Å thick Fe/Pt multilayers with different bilayer thickness and annealing temperature. The Fe/Pt multilayers were deposited on 100 Å thick Pt buffer layers at 100 °C on Al2O3 (0001) substrates. The structure of as-deposited Fe/Pt films was fcc(111). While the postannealing temperature >=400 °C, an additional FePt(100) orientation was observed. A large coercivity range, namely, 200-16 000 Oe can be tuned by varying the bilayer thickness and annealing temperature.[[fileno]]2010141010045[[department]]物理
Guided internet-based treatment for insomnia and depression

Background. Insomnia and depression are two of the most prevalent and costly disorders, and comorbidity between the two is common. Treatment of insomnia, other than pharmacological, is often overlooked in spite of the existence of effective psychological treatments. When insomnia is comorbid with depression, treatment of depression is usually prioritized, but not quite sufficient. The insomnia treatment with the strongest evidence is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for insomnia (CBT-i). Due to a lack of trained CBT-i-therapists, therapist-guided Internet-based CBT-i (ICBT-i) has emerged as an alternative to face-to-face treatments.



Aims. To challenge the treatment paradigm for comorbid insomnia and depression by comparing ICBT-i to ICBT-d (Internet-based CBT for depression) (Study I). To strengthen the evidence for ICBT-i by comparing ICBT-i to face-to-face treatment (Study II) and by doing a 3-year follow-up of a previous trial (Study III). To investigate qualitative aspects of Study I (Study IV).



Studies. Four studies were done: Study I, a randomized controlled trial (RCT, n=43) comparing ICBT-i to ICBT-d in a sample with comorbid insomnia and depression. Study II, a non-inferiority RCT (n=48) comparing ICBT-i to group-delivered CBT-i in a sample with insomnia and various comorbidities, including mild to moderate depression. Study III, a 3-year follow-up of an RCT (n=148) comparing ICBT-i to an active control treatment. Study IV, a qualitative study investigating facilitating and hindering factors in participants’ work with the treatments in Study I.



Results. Study I: ICBT-i turned out to be overall more beneficial than ICBT-d for patients with both insomnia and depression regarding e.g. effects on insomnia severity (effects on depression were similar) and reduction of sleep medication use. Study II: ICBT-i turned out to be highly effective and non-inferior to group-delivered CBT-i regarding insomnia severity, both directly after treatment and after six months. Study III: The 3-year follow-up of ICBT-i showed that the large effect on insomnia severity observed directly after treatment was maintained over time, and led to reduced consumption of sleep medication and other insomnia treatments compared to participants in the active control group. Both studies II and III showed that ICBT-i also reduced depressive symptom severity significantly. Study IV: The qualitative analyses showed that ICBT-i was easier to work with, and more positively regarded than ICBT- d, according to the participants. Multiple comorbidities were more hindering in ICBT-d than in ICBT-i.



Conclusions. ICBT-i is effective in reducing insomnia severity, also in patients with comorbid disorders, and that the effects are maintained over time. ICBT-i can lead to reduced sleep medication use and decreased depressive symptoms. The findings for comorbid insomnia and depression indicate that insomnia needs to be prioritized for evidence-based treatment, also when it is comorbid with depression
Ligand autoradiographical quantification of histamine H3 receptor in human dementia with Lewy bodies.

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is a serious age-dependent human neurodegenerative disease, with multiple debilitating symptoms, including dementia, psychosis and significant motor deficits, but with little or no effective treatments. This comparative ligand autoradiographical study has quantified histamine H3 receptors (H3R) in a series of major cortical and basal ganglia structures in human DLB and Alzheimer’s (AD) post-mortem cases using the highly selective radioligand, [3H] GSK189254.\ud
\ud
In the main, the levels of H3 receptor were largely preserved in DLB cases when compared with aged-matched controls. However, we provide new evidence showing variable levels in the globus pallidus, and, moreover, raised levels of Pallidum H3 correlated with positive psychotic symptoms, in particular delusions and visual hallucinations, but not symptoms associated with depression. Furthermore, no correlation was detected for H3 receptor levels to MMSE or IUPRS symptom severity.\ud
\ud
This study suggests that H3R antagonists have scope for treating the psychotic symptomologies in DLB and other human brain disorders
Making sense of tourists' photographs using cannonical variate analysis

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2017.02.010Tourists? photographs can be a rich database for researchers wishing to study tourists? perceptions and attitudes towards destinations. Such data can also be useful in examining how tourists behave, where, when, with whom and why. Many researchers favour the qualitative analysis of such data, which requires the use either of relatively small numbers of photographs or a considerable expense of researcher time and effort to undertake. Much of this process is speculative, in that it involves working with variables which may or may not prove to be significant in addressing the hypotheses set for the research. This research note recommends the use of a preliminary phase of research in which a quantitative approach is used to reduce the number of variables needing to be coded. Canonical variate analysis is suggested as an appropriate tool for achieving this. Case study results are presented to demonstrate the utility of this approach.Peer reviewe
The converging-input converging-state property for Lur’e systems

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Using methods from classical absolute stability theory, combined with recent results on input-to-state stability (ISS) of Lur’e systems, we derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a class of Lur’e systems to have the converging-input converging-state (CICS) property. In particular, we provide sufficient conditions for CICS which are reminiscent of the complex Aizerman conjecture and the circle criterion and connections are also made with small gain ISS theorems. The penultimate section of the paper is devoted to non-negative Lur’e systems which arise naturally in, for example, ecological and biochemical applications: the main result in this context is a sufficient criterion for a so-called “quasi CICS” property for Lur’e systems which, when uncontrolled, admit two equilibria. The theory is illustrated with numerous examples.This work was supported by the UK EPSRC—Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council—(Grant EP/I019456/1)
AWAKE : a proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration experiment at CERN

The AWAKE Collaboration has been formed in order to demonstrate proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration for the first time. This acceleration technique could lead to future colliders of high energy but of a much reduced length when compared to proposed linear accelerators. The CERN SPS proton beam in the CNGS facility will be injected into a 10 m plasma cell where the long proton bunches will be modulated into significantly shorter micro-bunches. These micro-bunches will then initiate a strong wakefield in the plasma with peak fields above 1 GV/m that will be harnessed to accelerate a bunch of electrons from about 20 MeV to the GeV scale within a few meters. The experimental program is based on detailed numerical simulations of beam and plasma interactions. The main accelerator components, the experimental area and infrastructure required as well as the plasma cell and the diagnostic equipment are discussed in detail. First protons to the experiment are expected at the end of 2016 and this will be followed by an initial three-four years experimental program. The experiment will inform future larger-scale tests of proton-driven plasma wakefield acceleration and applications to high energy colliders
Non-relativistic twistor theory and Newton-Cartan geometry

We develop a non-relativistic twistor theory, in which Newton-Cartan structures of Newtonian gravity correspond to complex three-manifolds with a four-parameter family of rational curves with normal bundle O ⊕ O(2). We show that the Newton-Cartan space-times are unstable under the general Kodaira deformation of the twistor complex structure. The Newton-Cartan connections can nevertheless be reconstructed from Merkulov's generalisation of the Kodaira map augmented by a choice of a holomorphic line bundle over the twistor space trivial on twistor lines. The Coriolis force may be incorporated by holomorphic vector bundles, which in general are non-trivial on twistor lines. The resulting geometries agree with non-relativistic limits of anti-self-dual gravitational instantons.We are grateful to Christian Duval, George Sparling and Paul Tod for helpful discussions. This work started when MD was visiting the Institute for Fundamental Sciences (IMP) in Tehran in April 2010. MD is grateful to IMP for the extended hospitality when volcanic eruption in Iceland halted air travel in Europe. The work of JG has been supported by an STFC studentship.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00220-015-2557-