pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Equational characterizations of Boolean function classes

AbstractSeveral noteworthy classes of Boolean functions can be characterized by algebraic identities (e.g. the class of positive functions consists of all functions f satisfying the identity f(x)∨f(y)∨f(x∨y)=f(x∨y)). We give algebraic identities for several of the most frequently analyzed classes of Boolean functions (including Horn, quadratic, supermodular, and submodular functions) and proceed then to the general question of which classes of Boolean functions can be characterized by algebraic identities. We answer this question for function classes closed under addition of inessential (irrelevant) variables. Nearly all classes of interest have this property. We show that a class with this property has a characterization by algebraic identities if and only if the class is closed under the operation of variable identification. Moreover, a single identity suffices to characterize a class if and only if the number of minimal forbidden identification minors is finite. Finally, we consider characterizations by general first-order sentences, rather than just identities. We show that a class of Boolean functions can be described by an appropriate set of such first-order sentences if and only if it is closed under permutation of variables
A clinical trial combining donor bone marrow infusion and heart transplantation: Intermediate-term results

AbstractBackground: Donor chimerism (the presence of donor cells of bone marrow origin) is present for years after transplantation in recipients of solid organs. In lung recipients, chimerism is associated with a lower incidence of chronic rejection. To augment donor chimerism with the aim to enhance graft acceptance and to reduce immunosuppression, we initiated a trial combining infusion of donor bone marrow with heart transplantation. Reported herein are the intermediate-term results of this ongoing trial. Methods: Between September 1993 and August 1998, 28 patients received concurrent heart transplantation and infusion of donor bone marrow at 3.0 × 108 cells/kg (study group). Twenty-four contemporaneous heart recipients who did not receive bone marrow served as controls. All patients received an immunosuppressive regimen consisting of tacrolimus and steroids. Results: Patient survival was similar between the study and control groups (86% and 87% at 3 years, respectively). However, the proportion of patients free from grade 3A rejection was higher in the study group (64% at 6 months) than in the control group (40%; P = .03). The prevalence of coronary artery disease was similar between the two groups (freedom from disease at 3 years was 78% in study patients and 69% in controls). Similar proportions of study (18%) and control (15%) patients exhibited in vitro evidence of donor-specific hyporesponsiveness. Conclusions: The infusion of donor bone marrow reduces the rate of acute rejection in heart recipients. Donor bone marrow may play an important role in strategies aiming to enhance the graft acceptance. (J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000;119:673-81
Adenosine A2A receptor agonist (CGS-21680) prevents endotoxin-induced effects on nucleotidase activities in mouse lymphocytes

AbstractAdenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) released during inflammation presents proinflammatory properties. Adenosine, produced by catabolism of ATP, is an anti-inflammatory compound. Considering the role of ATP and adenosine in inflammation and the importance of ectonucleotidases in the maintenance of their extracellular levels, we investigated the effect of a selective agonist of the adenosine A2A receptor (CGS-21680) on ectonucleotidase activities and gene expression patterns in lymphocytes from mice submitted to an endotoxemia model. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with 12mg/kg Lipopolyssacharide (LPS) and/or 0.5mg/kg CGS-21680 or saline. Nucleotidase activities were determined in lymphocytes from mesenteric lymph nodes and analysis of ectonucleotidase expression was carried out by a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Exposure to endotoxemia promoted an increase in nucleotide hydrolysis. When CGS-21680 was administered concomitantly with LPS, this increase was prevented for ATP, adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP), and p-Nitrophenyl thymidine 5′-monophosphate (p-Nph-5′-TMP) hydrolysis. However, when CGS-21680 was administered 24h after LPS injection, the increase was not reversed. The expression pattern of ectonucleotidases was not altered between LPS and LPS plus CGS-21680 groups, indicating that the transcriptional control was not involved on the effect exerted for CGS-21680. These results showed an enhancement of extracellular nucleotide catabolism in lymphocytes after induction of endotoxemia, which was prevented, but not reversed by CGS-21680 administration. These findings suggest that the control of nucleotide and nucleoside levels exerted by CGS-21680 could contribute to the modulation of the inflammatory process promoted by adenosine A2A agonists
Inverse modeling of unsaturated flow using clusters of soil texture and pedotransfer functions

Characterization of heterogeneous soil hydraulic parameters of deep vadose zones is often difficult and expensive, making it necessary to rely on other sources of information. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) based on soil texture data constitute a simple alternative to inverse hydraulic parameter estimation, but their accuracy is often modest. Inverse modeling entails a compromise between detailed description of subsurface heterogeneity and the need to restrict the number of parameters. We propose two methods of parameterizing vadose zone hydraulic properties using a combination of k-means clustering of kriged soil texture data, PTFs, and model inversion. One approach entails homogeneous and the other heterogeneous clusters. Clusters may include subdomains of the computational grid that need not be contiguous in space. The first approach homogenizes within-cluster variability into initial hydraulic parameter estimates that are subsequently optimized by inversion. The second approach maintains heterogeneity through multiplication of each spatially varying initial hydraulic parameter by a scale factor, estimated a posteriori through inversion. This allows preserving heterogeneity without introducing a large number of adjustable parameters. We use each approach to simulate a 95 day infiltration experiment in unsaturated layered sediments at a semiarid site near Phoenix, Arizona, over an area of 50 × 50 m2 down to a depth of 14.5 m. Results show that both clustering approaches improve simulated moisture contents considerably in comparison to those based solely on PTF estimates. Our calibrated models are validated against data from a subsequent 295 day infiltration experiment at the site
S-nitrosation of proteins relevant to Alzheimer’s disease during early stages of neurodegeneration

Protein S-nitrosation (SNO-protein), the nitric oxide-mediated posttranslational modification of cysteine thiols, is an important regulatory mechanism of protein function in both physiological and pathological pathways. A key first step toward elucidating the mechanism by which S-nitrosation modulates a protein’s function is identification of the targeted cysteine residues. Here, we present a strategy for the simultaneous identification of SNO-cysteine sites and their cognate proteins to profile the brain of the CK-p25–inducible mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease-like neurodegeneration. The approach—SNOTRAP (SNO trapping by triaryl phosphine)—is a direct tagging strategy that uses phosphine-based chemical probes, allowing enrichment of SNO-peptides and their identification by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. SNOTRAP identified 313 endogenous SNO-sites in 251 proteins in the mouse brain, of which 135 SNO-proteins were detected only during neurodegeneration. S-nitrosation in the brain shows regional differences and becomes elevated during early stages of neurodegeneration in the CK-p25 mouse. The SNO-proteome during early neurodegeneration identified increased S-nitrosation of proteins important for synapse function, metabolism, and Alzheimer’s disease pathology. In the latter case, proteins related to amyloid precursor protein processing and secretion are S-nitrosated, correlating with increased amyloid formation. Sequence analysis of SNO-cysteine sites identified potential linear motifs that are altered under pathological conditions. Collectively, SNOTRAP is a direct tagging tool for global elucidation of the SNO-proteome, providing functional insights of endogenous SNO proteins in the brain and its dysregulation during neurodegeneration.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH Grant CA26731)Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Center for Environmental Health Sciences (Grant ES002109)Simons FoundationNational Institutes of Health (U.S.) (NIH Grant R01 NS051874
Extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure studies of heat-treated fcc-Fe_50Cu_50 powders processed via high-energy ball milling

The local structure and chemistry of a ferromagnetic fcc-Fe_50Cu_50 solid solution obtained through high-energy ball milling were measured before and after heat-treatment-induced decomposition using extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure measurements. The decomposition is first evident with the phase separation of a-Fe after a heat treatment at 523 K. Analysis of the residual fee component revealed that the Fe atoms were predominantly surrounded by other Fe atoms, suggesting that the Fe has coalesced within the fee structure. The Fe atoms within the fee phase likely exist in low-spin clusters which provide an explanation for the reduced values of low-temperature magnetization previously measured in annealed samples [P. Crespo et aZ., Phys. Rev. B 48, 7134 (1993)]
Measurement of jet $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ correlations in Pb+Pb and $pp$
  collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76\textrm{ TeV}$ with the ATLAS
  detector

Measurements of dijet $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ correlations in Pb+Pb and $pp$
collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of
$\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}=2.76\textrm{ TeV}$ are presented. The measurements are
performed with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider using Pb+Pb and
$pp$ data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of 0.14 nb$^{-1}$
and 4.0 pb$^{-1}$, respectively. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-$k_t$
algorithm with radius parameter values $R=0.3$ and $R=0.4$. A background
subtraction procedure is applied to correct the jets for the large underlying
event present in Pb+Pb collisions. The leading and sub-leading jet transverse
momenta are denoted $p_{\mathrm{T_{\mathrm{1}}}}$ and
$p_{\mathrm{T_{\mathrm{2}}}}$. An unfolding procedure is applied to the
two-dimensional ($p_{\mathrm{T_{\mathrm{1}}}}$, $p_{\mathrm{T_{\mathrm{2}}}}$)
distributions to account for experimental effects in the measurement of both
jets. Distributions of $(1/N)\mbox{$\mathrm{d}$} N/\mbox{$\mathrm{d}$}
x_{\mathrm{J}}$, where $x_{\mathrm{J}}=p_{\mathrm{T}_{2}}/p_{\mathrm{T}_{1}}$,
are presented as a function of $p_{\mathrm{T_{\mathrm{1}}}}$ and collision
centrality. The distributions are found to be similar in peripheral Pb+Pb
collisions and $pp$ collisions, but highly modified in central Pb+Pb
collisions. Similar features are present in both the $R=0.3$ and $R=0.4$
results, indicating that the effects of the underlying event are properly
accounted for in the measurement. The results are qualitatively consistent with
expectations from partonic energy loss models.Comment: 40 pages in total, author list starting page 24, 11 figures, 0
  tables, published in Phys. Lett. B. All figures including auxiliary figures
  are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2012-11
Mouse mesenchymal stem cells inhibit high endothelial cell activation and lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes by releasing TIMP-1

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent a promising therapeutic approach in many diseases in view of their potent immunomodulatory properties, which are only partially understood. Here, we show that the endothelium is a specific and key target of MSC during immunity and inflammation. In mice, MSC inhibit activation and proliferation of endothelial cells in remote inflamed lymph nodes (LNs), affect elongation and arborization of high  ndothelial venules (HEVs) and inhibit T-cell homing. The proteomic analysis of the MSC secretome identified the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) as a potential effector molecule responsible for the anti-angiogenic properties of MSC. Both in vitro and in vivo, TIMP-1 activity is responsible for the antiangiogenic effects of MSC, and increasing TIMP-1 concentrations delivered by an Adeno Associated Virus (AAV) vector recapitulates\ud
the effects of MSC transplantation on draining LNs. Thus, this study discovers a new and highly efficient general mechanism through which MSC tune down immunity and inflammation, identifies TIMP-1 as a novel biomarker of MSC-based therapy and opens the gate to new therapeutic approaches of inflammatory diseases
Impact of cation-based localized electronic states on the conduction and valence band structure of Al1-xInxN alloys

We demonstrate that cation-related localized states strongly perturb the band structure of Al1-xInxN leading to a strong band gap bowing at low In content. Our first-principles calculations show that In-related localized states are formed both in the conduction and the valence band in Al1-xInxN for low In composition, x, and that these localized states dominate the evolution of the band structure with increasing x. Therefore, the commonly used assumption of a single composition-independent bowing parameter breaks down when describing the evolution both of the conduction and of the valence band edge in Al1-xInxN. (C) 2014 AIP Publishing LLC
Measurement of Optical Orbital and Spin Angular Momentum: Implications
  for Photon Angular Momentum

The expression for the total angular momentum carried by a laser optical
vortex beam, splits, in the paraxial approximation, into two terms which seem
to represent orbital and spin angular momentum respectively. There are,
however, two very different competing versions of the formula for the spin
angular momentum, one based on the use of the Poynting vector, as in classical
electrodynamics, the other related to the canonical expression for the angular
momentum which occurs in Quantum Electrodynamic. I analyze the possibility that
a sufficiently sensitive optical measurement could decide which of these
corresponds to the actual physical angular momentum carried by the beam.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Is there still any T-c mystery in lattice QCD? Results with physical masses in the continuum limit III

The present paper concludes our investigations on the QCD cross-over transition temperatures with 2+1 staggered flavours and one-link stout improvement. We extend our previous two studies [Phys. Lett. B643 (2006) 46, JHEP 0906: 088 (2009)] by choosing even finer lattices (N-t=16) and we work again with physical quark masses. The new results on this broad cross-over are in complete agreement with our earlier ones. We compare our findings with the published results of the hotQCD collaboration. All these results are confronted with the predictions of the Hadron Resonance Gas model and Chiral Perturbation Theory for temperatures below the transition region. Our results can be reproduced by using the physical spectrum in these analytic calculations. The findings of the hotQCD collaboration can be recovered by using a distorted spectrum which takes into account lattice discretization artifacts and heavier than physical quark masses. This analysis provides a simple explanation for the observed discrepancy in the transition temperatures between our and the hotQCD collaborations
The effect of ambient scent on consumers’ perception, emotions and behaviour: a critical review

The effect of olfactory stimuli on consumer behaviour has received little attention in marketing and retailing literature compared to other atmospheric cues. Researchers report ambiguous findings and shortcomings of measurement approaches. Based on a critical literature review, a field experiment in a regional shopping mall investigates the effectiveness of odour. Before-and-after surveys of randomly-selected shoppers in experimental and control groups were conducted and different experimental designs simulated. Those designs not controlling either extraneous errors or attitudinal differences between control and experimental group reveal a positive effect on factors operationalising mall perception and/or consumers’ emotions. The design controlling both sources of bias indicates no impact of odour on the dependent variables. None of the behavioural variables were affected in any case. This paper questions prior findings regarding the effectiveness of odour in a shopping mall environment and calls for more rigour in investigating the effectiveness of atmospheric stimuli in general
Measurement of the inclusive Z cross section via decays to tau pairs in pp collisions at p s = 7 TeV

A measurement of inclusive Z to tau^+ tau^- production in pp collisions is presented, in the final states mu+hadrons, e+hadrons, e+mu, and mu+mu. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The measured cross section is sigma(pp to Z) B(Z to tau^+ tau^-) = 1.00 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.08 (syst.) +/-0.04 (lumi.) nb, which is in good agreement with the next-to-next-to-leading order QCD prediction and with previous measurements in the Z to e^+e^- and mu^+ mu^- channels. The reconstruction efficiency for hadronic tau decays is determined with a precision of 7%
Enabling mobile commerce through mass customization

Mobile Commerce is a new degree of electronic commerce arises from the convergence of Internet and mobile communication technologies. In order to be successful in mobile business, it is not sufficient to simply transfer conventional Internet applications or E-Commerce business models on mobile devices. Added values for the customer are necessary. Typical informational added values in Mobile Commerce originate from ubiquity, context-sensitivity, identifying functions or command and control functions. Mobile devices implicate disadvantes, which can be equalized by individualization. For the simplest devices, this is satisfied with simple features like housings, ring tones or logos. The more upmarket the device is, the more the individualization focus is laid on the applications instead of the device itself. In terms of mass customization, the individualization of mobile devices and applications can be categorized as soft customization. Below this level, three kinds of customization habe to be distinguished: The first on is device adaptation which means the customization of the device itself. The next one is application adaptation and describes the customization of the applications through the customer or as self-individualization of the software. The last one is service composition and means the package of services or the customer-individual composition of applications and services, which ca be done either by the customer, by the provider or by collaboration of both. In this paper we show the importance of mass customization and its techniques for the success of mobile commerce.
Hermite-Padé Approximants for a Pair of Cauchy Transforms with Overlapping Symmetric Supports

Hermite-Padé approximants of type II are vectors of rational functions with a common denominator that interpolate a given vector of power series at infinity with maximal order. We are interested in the situation when the approximated vector is given by a pair of Cauchy transforms of smooth complex measures supported on the real line. The convergence properties of the approximants are rather well understood when the supports consist of two disjoint intervals (Angelesco systems) or two intervals that coincide under the condition that the ratio of the measures is a restriction of the Cauchy transform of a third measure (Nikishin systems). In this work we consider the case where the supports form two overlapping intervals (in a symmetric way) and the ratio of the measures extends to a holomorphic function in a region that depends on the size of the overlap. We derive Szegő-type formulae for the asymptotics of the approximants, identify the convergence and divergence domains (the divergence domains appear for Angelesco systems but are not present for Nikishin systems), and show the presence of overinterpolation (a feature peculiar for Nikishin systems but not for Angelesco systems). Our analysis is based on a Riemann-Hilbert problem for multiple orthogonal polynomials (the common denominator)
Combined search for the Standard Model Higgs boson using up to 4.9 fb(-1) of pp collision data at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

A combined search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC using datasets corresponding to integrated luminosities from 1.04 fb−1 to 4.9 fb−1 of pp   collisions collected at View the MathML sources=7 TeV is presented. The Higgs boson mass ranges 112.9–115.5 GeV, 131–238 GeV and 251–466 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level (CL), while the range 124–519 GeV is expected to be excluded in the absence of a signal. An excess of events is observed around mH∼126 GeVmH∼126 GeV with a local significance of 3.5 standard deviations (σ  ). The local significances of H→γγH→γγ, View the MathML sourceH→ZZ(⁎)→ℓ+ℓ−ℓ′+ℓ′− and View the MathML sourceH→WW(⁎)→ℓ+νℓ′−ν¯, the three most sensitive channels in this mass range, are 2.8σ, 2.1σ and 1.4σ  , respectively. The global probability for the background to produce such a fluctuation anywhere in the explored Higgs boson mass range 110–600 GeV is estimated to be ∼1.4%∼1.4% or, equivalently, 2.2σ.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio