pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Specification and Deployment of Integrated Security Policies for Outsourced Data

International audienceThis paper presents a well-founded language allowing in one hand data owners to easily specify their security and utility requirements over the data to be outsourced and in an another hand to formalize the set of security mechanisms that can be used for the protection of out-sourced data. Based on the formalization of security and utility require-ments and security mechanisms properties, we formally identify the best mechanisms, and the best way to combine them to get the best trade-off between utility and security
Full 4-D quaternion discrete Fourier transform based watermarking for color images

International audienceAmong the few existing color watermarking schemes, some use quaternion discrete Fourier transform (QDFT). By modulating at least one component of QDFT coefficients, they spread the watermark over two or three of the RGB color channels. However, these schemes do not fully utilize the four-dimensional (4-D) QDFT frequency domain and some also suffer from a watermark energy loss directly at the embedding stage. In this paper, we first establish the links that exist between the DFT of the three RGB color channels and the components of QDFT coefficients while considering a general unit pure quaternion. Then, for different unit pure quaternions i, j, k or their linear combinations, we discuss the symmetry constraints one should follow when modifying QDFT coefficients in order to overcome the previous drawbacks. We also provide a general watermarking framework to illustrate the overall performance gain in terms of imperceptibility, capacity and robustness we can achieve compared to other QDFT based algorithms, i.e. when fully considering the 4-D QDFT domain. From this framework we derive three schemes, depending on whether i, j or k is used. Provided theoretical analysis and experimental results show that these algorithms offer better performance in terms of capacity and robustness to most common attacks, including JPEG compression, noise, cropping and filtering and so on, than other QDFT based algorithms for the same watermarked image qualit
Reduction of Algebraic Parametric Systems by Rectification of their Affine Expanded Lie Symmetries

Before analysing an algebraic system (differential or not), one can generally reduce the number of parameters defining the system behavior by studying the system's Lie symmetries. A pilot Maple implementation is available at the url http://www2.lifl.fr/~sedoglav/Software/International audienceLie group theory states that knowledge of a~$m$-parameters solvable group of symmetries of a system of ordinary differential equations allows to reduce by~$m$ the number of equations. We apply this principle by finding some \emph{affine derivations} that induces \emph{expanded} Lie point symmetries of considered system. By rewriting original problem in an invariant coordinates set for these symmetries, we \emph{reduce} the number of involved parameters. We present an algorithm based on this standpoint whose arithmetic complexity is \emph{quasi-polynomial} in input's size
Experimental evaluation of contact stress during cold rolling process with optical fiber Bragg gratings sensors measurements and fast inverse method

International audienceThere is a strategic importance for the steel rolling industry to get a better understanding of the strip–roll interaction to improve roll-gap models, increase strip quality and decrease roll degradation. This requires roll-gap sensors able to measure this interaction under industrial rolling conditions and in real time in order to propose a feed-back control of process parameters. To reach these goals, this paper proposes a new roll-gap friction sensor based on an inverse method that interprets optical fiber Bragg gratings(FBG) strain measurements under the roll surface (fully embedded), which enables to evaluate contact stresses with very short computation times, compatible with real time interpretation. This elastic inverse method is analytical and relies on plane-strain and isothermal assumptions. The experimental apparatus is detailed, technical issues are clearly exposed as well as calibration procedures. Several pilot cold rolling tests have been performed at various rolling speeds and different strip thicknesses in order to demonstrate the industrial feasibility. Resulting evaluations of contact stresses are then compared with numerical simulations. Reasonable agreement is obtained for normal stress (i.e., pressure) but not for shear stress(only an order of magnitude is obtained)
Use of GIS in visualization of work-related health problems

International audienceBACKGROUND: Occupational health and safety (OHS) information is often complex, diverse and unstructured and suffers from a lack of integration which usually precludes any systemic insight of the situation.AIMS: To analyse to what extent the use of geographical information systems (GISs) can help to integrate, analyse and present OHS data in a comprehensive and communicable way relevant for surveillance purposes.METHODS: We first developed a 'macro-approach' (from national to local level), mapping data related to economic activity (denominator of active workers displayed by activity sectors), as well as work-related ill-health (numerators of workers suffering from work-related ill-health). The latter data are composed of compensated occupational diseases on the one hand and work-related diseases investigated by specialized clinics on the other hand. Then, a 'micro-approach' was worked out, integrating at a plant level, using computer-aided drawing, occupational risks data and OHS surveillance data (e.g. use of medication and sickness absence data).RESULTS: At the macro-level, microelectronics companies and workers were mapped at different scales. For the first time, we were able to compare, up to the enterprise level, complementary data showing different pictures of work-related ill-health, allowing a better understanding of OH issues in this sector. At the micro-level, new information arose from the integration of risk assessment data and medical data.CONCLUSIONS: This work illustrates to what extent GIS is a promising tool in the OHS field, and discusses related challenges (technical, ethical, biases and interpretation) and research perspectives
A Framework for Analyzing Verifiability in Traditional and Electronic Exams

International audienceThe main concern for institutions that organize exams is to detect when students cheat. Actually more frauds are possible and even authorities can be dishonest. If institutions wish to keep exams a trustworthy business, anyone and not only the authorities should be allowed to look into an exam's records and verify the presence or the absence of frauds. In short, exams should be verifiable. However, what verifiability means for exams is unclear and no tool to analyze an exam's verifiability is available. In this paper we address both issues: we formalize several individual and universal verifiability properties for traditional and electronic exams, so proposing a set of verifiability properties and clarifying their meaning, then we implement our framework in ProVerif, so making it a tool to analyze exam verifiability. We validate our framework by analyzing the verifiability of two existing exam systems – an electronic and a paper-and-pencil system
Versatile, Scalable, and Accurate Simulation of Distributed Applications and Platforms

International audienceThe study of parallel and distributed applications and platforms, whether in the cluster, grid, peer-to-peer, volunteer, or cloud computing domain, often mandates empirical evaluation of proposed algorithmic and system solutions via simulation. Unlike direct experimentation via an application deployment on a real-world testbed, simulation enables fully repeatable and configurable experiments for arbitrary hypothetical scenarios. Two key concerns are accuracy (so that simulation results are scientifically sound) and scalability (so that simulation experiments can be fast and memory-efficient). While the scalability of a simulator is easily measured, the accuracy of many state-of-the-art simulators is largely unknown because they have not been sufficiently validated. In this work we describe recent accuracy and scalability advances made in the context of the SimGrid simulation framework. A design goal of SimGrid is that it should be versatile, i.e., applicable across all aforementioned domains. We present quantitative results that show that SimGrid compares favorably to state-of-the-art domain-specific simulators in terms of scalability, accuracy, or the trade-off between the two. An important implication is that, contrary to popular wisdom, striving for versatility in a simulator is not an impediment but instead is conducive to improving both accuracy and scalability
Conflicts and contestations. Rural populations’ perspectives on the second homes phenomenon

-In response to demands to restructure and diversify their economies, many rural communities have welcomed the expanding phenomenon of second homes. However, while the second home owners bring new resources to the host communities, the literature also suggests that large second home populations in rural communities provide fertile ground for a number of economic, social and cultural conflicts and contestations. The present paper analyses the views of the local rural populations on the second home phenomenon, with particular attention to variation in these views, both within and between the rural communities (municipalities). The analysis uses material from the survey City, countryside, second homes 2008, which was conducted among a large-scale and representative sample of the population in Norwegian rural second home municipalities. The first section of the paper addresses the rural populations’ stance towards the second home phenomenon, both in general and as it unfolds in their own vicinity. Results show generally positive views on second home development; however, the analysis identifies a substantial minority which is negative to the second home expansion. Nevertheless, the second section shows that even those rurals who are negative towards further developments of second homes largely report harmonious social relationships with the second home population that is already present. Third, the paper presents and discusses a multivariate logistic regression model to analyse how different segments of the rural population vary in their views on second home phenomena. Here, results suggest differences at both micro and macro levels: the local rural elites, in particular those with direct economic interests in the second home sector, are most positive towards further development. On the municipality level, resistance towards second homes is stronger in municipalities with a high density of second homes. Nevertheless, a high growth rate in the number of second homes, due to high investments, seems to increase local support.The Norwegian Research Counci
Observation of direct and indirect magnetoelectricity in lead free ferroelectric (Na 0.5Bi 0.5TiO 3)-magnetostrictive (CoFe 2O 4) particulate composite

A particulate composite consisting of 65 mol. % Na 0.5Bi 0.5TiO 3 and 35 mol. % CoFe 2O 4 was synthesized, and it's structure, microstructure, ferroelectric, magnetostrictive, magnetic, and direct/indirect magnetoelectric properties were studied. The composite showed different magnetization behaviour under electrically poled and un-poled conditions. The percentage change in magnetization as a result of poling is approximately -15% at 500 Oe magnetic field. Magnetostriction measurements displayed a value of λ 11 = -57 × 10 -6 and piezomagnetic coefficient δλ 11/δH = 0.022 × 10 -6 kOe -1 at 2.2 kOe for the composite. The maximum magnetoelectric output varied from 1350 mV/cm to 2000 mV/cm with change in the electrical poling condition
The beta-catenin pathway is activated in focal nodular hyperplasia but not in cirrhotic FNH-like nodules.

International audienceBACKGROUND/AIMS: Focal nodular hyperplasias (FNHs) are benign liver lesions considered to be a hyperplastic response to increased blood flow in normal liver. In contrast, FNH-like lesions/nodules occur in cirrhotic liver but share similar histopathological features. We conducted a transcriptome analysis to identify biological pathways deregulated in FNH. METHODS: Gene expression profiles obtained in FNH and normal livers were compared. Differentially-expressed genes were validated using quantitative-RT-PCR in 70 benign liver tumors including FNH-like lesions. RESULTS: Among the deregulated genes in FNHs, 19 displayed physiological restricted distribution in the normal liver. All six perivenous genes were up-regulated in FNH, whereas 13 periportal genes were down-regulated. Almost all these genes are known to be regulated by beta-catenin. Glutamine synthetase was markedly overexpressed in anastomosed areas usually centered on visible veins. Moreover, activated hypophosphorylated beta-catenin protein accumulated in FNH in the absence of activating mutations. These results suggest the zonated activation of the beta-catenin pathway in FNH, whereas the other benign hepatocellular tumors, including FNH-like lesions, demonstrated an entirely different pattern of beta-catenin expression. CONCLUSIONS: In FNH, increased activation of the beta-catenin pathway was found restricted to enlarged perivenous areas. FNH-like nodules may have a different pathogenetic origin
Characterisation of global flow and local fluctuations in 3D SPH simulations of protoplanetary discs

Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 21 pages, 25 figures.International audienceA complete and detailed knowledge of the structure of the gaseous component in protoplanetary discs is essential to the study of dust evolution during the early phases of pre-planetesimal formation. The aim of this paper is to determine if three-dimensional accretion discs simulated by the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method can reproduce the observational data now available and the expected turbulent nature of protoplanetary discs. The investigation is carried out by setting up a suite of diagnostic tools specifically designed to characterise both the global flow and the fluctuations of the gaseous disc. The main result concerns the role of the artificial viscosity implementation in the SPH method: in addition to the already known ability of SPH artificial viscosity to mimic a physical-like viscosity under specific conditions, we show how the same artificial viscosity prescription behaves like an implicit turbulence model. In fact, we identify a threshold for the parameters in the standard artificial viscosity above which SPH disc models present a cascade in the power spectrum of velocity fluctuations, turbulent diffusion and a mass accretion rate of the same order of magnitude as measured in observations. Furthermore, the turbulence properties observed locally in SPH disc models are accompanied by meridional circulation in the global flow of the gas, proving that the two mechanisms can coexist
Design and manufacturing interface modelling for manufacturing processes selection and knowledge synthesis in design

This research is part of the regional French project IFP2R : " Manufacturing constraints integration in rapid prototyped part design " with IFTS (Higher Technical Formation Institute of Charleville Mézières- France).The research results presented in this paper are related to the specification of a method and models that tackle the problem of manufacturing processes selection and the integration, as soon as possible, of their constraints in the product modelling (i.e. information synthesis). This method is based on a skin and skeleton design/manufacturing interface model that ensures connection between design and manufacturing information. The use of these features is justified by their capacity to make a product representation which allows integration of both design and manufacture data and therefore assists the product breakdown definition (including the 3D forms) by least commitment. This method first analyses the product data issued from functional analysis and component selection (form, roughness, tolerance interval, etc.). Then, it deals with manufacturing information (manufacturing processes constraints). The approach is formalised with IDEF and UML models and has been consolidated with software developments based on C++ and open CASCADE technologies
Si–C interactions during degradation of the diatom Skeletonema marinoi

International audienceWhile a relationship between ballast and carbon in sedimenting particles has been well-documented, the mechanistic basis of this interaction is still under debate. One hypothesis is that mineral ballast protects sinking organic matter from degradation. To test this idea, we undertook a laboratory experiment using the diatom Skeletonema marinoi to study in parallel the dissolution of one of the most common mineral ballasts, biogenic silica (bSiO2), and the associated degradation of organic matter. Three different models were applied to our results to help elucidate the mechanisms driving bSiO2 dissolution and organic compound degradation. Results of this modeling exercise suggest that the diatom frustule is made up of two bSiO2 phases that dissolve simultaneously, but at different rates. In our experiments, the first phase was more soluble (View the MathML source) and made up 31% of the total bSiO2. In this phase, bSiO2 was mainly associated with membrane lipids and the amino acids glutamic acid, tyrosine, and leucine. The second phase was more refractory (View the MathML source), and contained more neutral lipid alcohols and glycine. Until it dissolved, the first bSiO2 phase effectively protected much of the organic matter from degradation: particulate organic carbon (POC) degradation rate constants increased from 0.025 to 0.082 d−1 after the total dissolution of this phase, and particulate organic nitrogen (PON) degradation rate constants increased from 0.030 to 0.094 d−1. Similar to POC and PON, the total hydrolyzable amino acids (THAA) degradation rate constant increased from 0.054 to 0.139 d−1 after dissolution of the first bSiO2 phase. The higher THAA degradation rate constant is attributed to a pool of amino acids that was produced during silicification and enclosed between the two silica phases. This pool of amino acids might come from the incorporation of silica deposition vesicles into the diatom wall and might not be directly associated with bSiO2. In contrast, most lipid degradation was not prevented by association with the more soluble bSiO2 phase, as the average lipid degradation rate constant decreased from 0.048 to 0.010 d−1 after 17 d of degradation. This suggests that most lipids were associated with rather than protected by silica, except pigments that appeared resistant to degradation, independently from silica dissolution. When the only organic compounds remaining were associated with the second bSiO2 phase, degradation rate constants decreased greatly; concentrations changed only slightly after day 25
Statistics of whistler mode waves in the outer radiation belt: Cluster STAFF-SA measurements

International audience[1] ELF/VLF waves play a crucial role in the dynamics of the radiation belts and are partly responsible for the main losses and the acceleration of energetic electrons. Modeling wave-particle interactions requires detailed information of wave amplitudes and wave normal distribution over L-shells and over magnetic latitudes for different geomagnetic activity conditions. We performed a statistical study of ELF/VLF emissions using wave measurements in the whistler frequency range for 10 years (2001–2010) aboard Cluster spacecraft. We utilized data from the STAFF-SA experiment, which spans the frequency range from 8 Hz to 4 kHz. We present distributions of wave magnetic and electric field amplitudes and wave normal directions as functions of magnetic latitude, magnetic local time, L-shell, and geomagnetic activity. We show that wave normals are directed approximately along the background magnetic field (with the mean value of Â — the angle between the wave normal and the background magnetic field, about 10 ı –15 ı) in the vicinity of the geomagnetic equator. The distribution changes with magnetic latitude: Plasmaspheric hiss normal angles increase with latitude to quasi-perpendicular direction at 35 ı –40 ı where hiss can be reflected; lower band chorus are observed as two wave populations: One population of wave normals tends toward the resonance cone and at latitudes of around 35 ı –45 ı wave normals become nearly perpendicular to the magnetic field; the other part remains quasi-parallel at latitudes up to 30 ı. The observed angular distribution is significantly different from Gaussian, and the width of the distribution increases with latitude. Due to the rapid increase of Â , the wave mode becomes quasi-electrostatic, and the corresponding electric field increases with latitude and has a maximum near 30 ı. The magnetic field amplitude of the chorus in the day sector has a minimum at the magnetic equator but increases rapidly with latitude with a local maximum near 12 ı –15 ı. The wave magnetic field maximum is observed in the night sector at L > 7 during low geomagnetic activity (at L 5 for K p > 3). Our results confirm the strong dependence of wave amplitude on geomagnetic activity found in earlier studies. (2013), Statistics of whistler-mode waves in the outer radiation belt: Cluster STAFF-SA measurements
Competition between collective and noncollective excitation modes at high spin in 124Ba

High-spin states in 124Ba were investigated in two experiments using the 64Ni(64Ni, 4n)124Ba reaction at three different beam energies. In-beam gamma-ray coincidences were measured with the Euroball and Gammasphere detector arrays. In the experiment with Euroball, the CsI detector array Diamant was employed to discriminate against charged-particle channels. Six new rotational bands were observed in 124Ba, and previously known bands were extended to higher spins. One of the bands shows a transition from collective to noncollective behavior at high spins. Configuration assignments are suggested on the basis of comparison with cranked shell model and cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculation
Periodic Modulations in an X-ray Flare from Sagittarius A

4 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJLInternational audienceWe present the highly significant detection of a quasi-periodic flux modulation with a period of 22.2 min seen in the X-ray data of the Sgr A* flare of 2004 August 31. This flaring event, which lasted a total of about three hours, was detected simultaneously by EPIC on XMM-Newton and the NICMOS near-infrared camera on the HST. Given the inherent difficulty in, and the lack of readily available methods for quantifying the probability of a periodic signal detected over only several cycles in a data set where red noise can be important, we developed a general method for quantifying the likelihood that such a modulation is indeed intrinsic to the source and does not arise from background fluctuations. We here describe this Monte Carlo based method, and discuss the results obtained by its application to a other XMM-Newton data sets. Under the simplest hypothesis that we witnessed a transient event that evolved, peaked and decayed near the marginally stable orbit of the supermassive black hole, this result implies that for a mass of 3.5 x 10^{6} Msun, the central object must have an angular momentum corresponding to a spin parameter of a=0.22