pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A Superstring Field Theory for Supergravity

A covariant closed superstring field theory, equivalent to classical
ten-dimensional Type II supergravity, is presented. The defining conformal
field theory is the ambitwistor string worldsheet theory of Mason and Skinner.
This theory is known to reproduce the scattering amplitudes of Cachazo, He and
Yuan in which the scattering equations play an important role and the string
field theory naturally incorporates these results. We investigate the operator
formalism description of the ambitwsitor string and propose an action for the
string field theory of the bosonic and supersymmetric theories. The correct
linearised gauge symmetries and spacetime actions are explicitly reproduced and
evidence is given that the action is correct to all orders. The focus is on the
Neveu-Schwarz sector and the explicit description of tree level perturbation
theory about flat spacetime. Application of the string field theory to general
supergravity backgrounds and the inclusion of the Ramond sector are briefly
discussed.Comment: 57 pages. Published Versio
Heavy quark state production in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$=5.02
  TeV

We estimate differential rapidity cross sections for $J/\Psi$, $\Psi(2S)$,
$\Upsilon(1S)$, $\Upsilon(2S)$, and $\Upsilon(3S)$ production via Pb-Pb
collisions at proton-proton energy $\equiv \sqrt{s_{pp}}$ =5.02 TeV. For the
$\Psi(2S)$, $\Upsilon(3S)$ states we use the mixed heavy quark hyrid theory,
with these states being approximately 50\% standard and 50\% hybrid charmonium,
bottomonium meson states. This is an extension of previous work on heavy quark
state production via Cu-Cu and Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{pp}}$=200 GeV.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
  arXiv:1309.5374, arXiv:1411.368
Three-particle quantization condition in a finite volume: 1. The role of
  the three-particle force

Using non-relativistic effective Lagrangians in the particle-dimer picture,
we rederive the expression for the energy shift of a loosely bound
three-particle bound state of identical bosons in the unitary limit. The
effective field theory formalism allows us to investigate the role of the
three-particle force, which has not been taken into account in the earlier
treatment of the problem. Moreover, we are able to relax the requirement of the
unitary limit of infinite scattering length and demonstrate a smooth transition
from the weakly bound three-particle state to a two-particle bound state of a
particle and a deeply bound dimer.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figure
Even spin $\mathcal{N}=4$ holography

A two-dimensional Sp($2N$) vector model with small $\mathcal{N}=4$
superconformal symmetry is formulated, and its chiral algebra is shown to be
generated by superprimary fields of even conformal weight. This vector model is
the large level limit of a coset theory with large $\mathcal{N}=4$, whose
proposed AdS$_3$ dual is a minimal Vasiliev higher spin theory with gauge
algebra generated by fields of even spin. The relation of this vector model to
the symmetric product orbifold, dual to tensionless strings in AdS$_3$ $\times$
S$^3$ $\times$ $\mathbb{T}^4$, is also worked out.Comment: Accepted for publication in JHEP; references added; comments added to
  the introduction; details added to the final sectio
New Construction of Eigenstates and Separation of Variables for SU(N)
  Quantum Spin Chains

We conjecture a new way to construct eigenstates of integrable XXX quantum
spin chains with SU(N) symmetry. The states are built by repeatedly acting on
the vacuum with a single operator Bgood(u) evaluated at the Bethe roots. Our
proposal serves as a compact alternative to the usual nested algebraic Bethe
ansatz. Furthermore, the roots of this operator give the separated variables of
the model, explicitly generalizing Sklyanin's approach to the SU(N) case. We
present many tests of the conjecture and prove it in several special cases. We
focus on rational spin chains with fundamental representation at each site, but
expect many of the results to be valid more generally.Comment: 38 pages; v2: added proof for SU(2), minor corrections; v3: typos
  fixed, references adde
Expectations for the muon g-2 in simplified models with dark matter

We investigate simplified models of new physics that can accommodate the
measured value of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the relic
density of dark matter. We define a set of renormalizable, SU(2)$\times$U(1)
invariant extensions of the Standard Model, each comprising an inert $Z_2$-odd
scalar field and one or more vector-like pairs of colorless fermions that
communicate to the muons through Yukawa-type interactions. The new sectors are
classified according to their transformation properties under the Standard
Model gauge group and all models are systematically confronted with a variety
of experimental constraints: LEP mass bounds, direct LHC searches, electroweak
precision observables, and direct searches for dark matter. We show that
scenarios featuring only one type of new fermions become very predictive once
the relic density and collider constraints are taken into account, as in this
case $g-2$ is not enhanced by chirality flip. Conversely, for models where an
additional source of chiral-symmetry violation is generated via fermion mixing,
the constraints are much looser and new precision experiments with highly
suppressed systematic uncertainties may be required to test the parameter
space.Comment: 38 pages, 12 figures. Added constraints from CMS soft opposite-sign
  leptons and ATLAS h to gamma gamma. References added, typos fixed. Matches
  published versio
Symmetric and Asymmetric Reheating

We study models in which the inflaton is coupled to two otherwise decoupled
sectors, and the effect of preheating and related processes on their energy
densities during the evolution of the universe. Over most of parameter space,
preheating is not disrupted by the presence of extra sectors, and even
comparatively weakly coupled sectors can get an order 1 fraction of the total
energy at this time. If two sectors are both preheated, the high number
densities could also lead to inflaton mediated thermalisation. If only one
sector is preheated, Bose enhancement of the late time inflaton decays may
cause significant deviations from the perturbative prediction for their
relative reheat temperatures. Meanwhile, in Non-Oscillatory inflation models
resonant effects can result in exponentially large final temperature
differences between sectors that have similar couplings to the inflaton.
Asymmetric reheating is potentially relevant for a range of beyond the Standard
Model physics scenarios. We show that in dark matter freeze-in models, hidden
sector temperatures a factor of 10 below that of the visible sector are
typically needed for the relic abundance to be set solely by freeze-in
dynamics.Comment: JHEP versio
Tagging new physics with charm

We propose a new variable, the charm fraction, for collider searches for new
physics. We analyze this variable in the context of searches for simplified
supersymmetry models with squarks, the gluino, and the bino, assuming that only
the lightest mass-degenerate squarks can be produced at the high-luminosity
LHC. The charm fraction complements event counting and kinematic information,
increasing the sensitivity of the searches for models with heavy gluinos, for
which squark production is flavor-blind. If squarks are discovered at the LHC,
this variable can help discriminate between different underlying models. In
particular, with improved charm tagging, the charm fraction can provide
information on the gluino mass, and in some scenarios, on whether this mass is
within the reach of a future 100 TeV hadron collider.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures; double-tagging analysis added; discussion of
  results expanded; version to appear in JHE
Thermalization after holographic bilocal quench

We study thermalization in the holographic (1+1)-dimensional CFT after
simultaneous generation of two high-energy excitations in the antipodal points
on the circle. The holographic picture of such quantum quench is the creation
of BTZ black hole from a collision of two massless particles. We perform
holographic computation of entanglement entropy and mutual information in the
boundary theory and analyze their evolution with time. We show that
equilibration of the entanglement in the regions which contained one of the
initial excitations is generally similar to that in other holographic quench
models, but with some important distinctions. We observe that entanglement
propagates along a sharp effective light cone from the points of initial
excitations on the boundary. The characteristics of entanglement propagation in
the global quench models such as entanglement velocity and the light cone
velocity also have a meaning in the bilocal quench scenario. We also observe
the loss of memory about the initial state during the equilibration process. We
find that the memory loss reflects on the time behavior of the entanglement
similarly to the global quench case, and it is related to the universal linear
growth of entanglement, which comes from the interior of the forming black
hole. We also analyze general two-point correlation functions in the framework
of the geodesic approximation, focusing on the study of the late time behavior.Comment: 75 pages, 41 figure, v2: typos corrected, references and minor
  comments added, v3: published versio
MeV Dark Matter: Model Independent Bounds

We use the framework of dark matter effective field theories to study the
complementarity of bounds for a dark matter particle with mass in the MeV
range. Taking properly into account the mixing between operators induced by the
renormalization group running, we impose experimental constraints coming from
the CMB, BBN, LHC, LEP, direct detection experiments and meson decays. In
particular, we focus on the case of a vector coupling between the dark matter
and the standard model fermions, and study to which extent future experiments
can hope to probe regions of parameters space which are not already ruled out
by current data.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figures. A few clarifications added, matches version
  published in JHE
Local charges in involution and hierarchies in integrable sigma-models

Integrable $\sigma$-models, such as the principal chiral model,
${\mathbb{Z}}_T$-coset models for $T \in {\mathbb{Z}}_{\geq 2}$ and their
various integrable deformations, are examples of non-ultralocal integrable
field theories described by (cyclotomic) $r/s$-systems with twist function. In
this general setting, and when the Lie algebra ${\mathfrak{g}}$ underlying the
$r/s$-system is of classical type, we construct an infinite algebra of local
conserved charges in involution, extending the approach of Evans, Hassan,
MacKay and Mountain developed for the principal chiral model and symmetric
space $\sigma$-model. In the present context, the local charges are attached to
certain `regular' zeros of the twist function and have increasing degrees
related to the exponents of the untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebra
$\widehat{{\mathfrak{g}}}$ associated with ${\mathfrak{g}}$. The Hamiltonian
flows of these charges are shown to generate an infinite hierarchy of
compatible integrable equations.Comment: 67 pages, published versio
Top-quark mass measurement in the all-hadronic $t\bar{t}$ decay channel
  at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The top-quark mass is measured in the all-hadronic top-antitop quark decay
channel using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$
= 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The data set
used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.2 fb$^{-1}$.
The large multi-jet background is modelled using a data-driven method. The
top-quark mass is obtained from template fits to the ratio of the three-jet to
the dijet mass. The three-jet mass is obtained from the three jets assigned to
the top quark decay. From these three jets the dijet mass is obtained using the
two jets assigned to the W boson decay. The top-quark mass is measured to be
173.72 $\pm$ 0.55 (stat.) $\pm$ 1.01 (syst.) GeV.Comment: 39 pages in total, author list starting page 23, 6 figures, 4 tables,
  submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2015-03
General Relativity from Causality

We study large families of theories of interacting spin 2 particles from the
point of view of causality. Although it is often stated that there is a unique
Lorentz invariant effective theory of massless spin 2, namely general
relativity, other theories that utilize higher derivative interactions do in
fact exist. These theories are distinct from general relativity, as they permit
any number of species of spin 2 particles, are described by a much larger set
of parameters, and are not constrained to satisfy the equivalence principle. We
consider the leading spin 2 couplings to scalars, fermions, and vectors, and
systematically study signal propagation in all these other families of
theories. We find that most interactions directly lead to superluminal
propagation of either a spin 2 particle or a matter particle, and interactions
that are subluminal generate other interactions that are superluminal. Hence,
such theories of interacting multiple spin 2 species have superluminality, and
by extension, acausality. This is radically different to the special case of
general relativity with a single species of minimally coupled spin 2, which
leads to subluminal propagation from sources satisfying the null energy
condition. This pathology persists even if the spin 2 field is massive. We
compare these findings to the analogous case of spin 1 theories, where higher
derivative interactions can be causal. This makes the spin 2 case very special,
and suggests that multiple species of spin 2 is forbidden, leading us to
general relativity as essentially the unique internally consistent effective
theory of spin 2.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. V2: Some clarifications on EFT
  breakdown and comparison to GR. Updated to resemble version published in JHE
Spread of entanglement in a Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev chain

We study the spread of R\'enyi entropy between two halves of a
Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) chain of Majorana fermions, prepared in a thermofield
double (TFD) state. The SYK chain model is a model of chaotic many-body
systems, which describes a one-dimensional lattice of Majorana fermions, with
spatially local random quartic interaction. We find that for integer R\'enyi
index $n>1$, the R\'enyi entanglement entropy saturates at a parametrically
smaller value than expected. This implies that the TFD state of the SYK chain
does not rapidly thermalize, despite being maximally chaotic: instead, it
rapidly approaches a prethermal state. We compare our results to the signatures
of thermalization observed in other quenches in the SYK model, and to intuition
from nearly-$\mathrm{AdS}_2$ gravity.Comment: 1+46 pages, 11 figure
Boundary Holographic Witten Diagrams

In this paper we discuss geodesic Witten diagrams in generic holographic
conformal field theories with boundary or defect. Boundary CFTs allow two
different decompositions of two-point functions into conformal blocks: boundary
channel and ambient channel. Building on earlier work, we derive a holographic
dual of the boundary channel decomposition in terms of bulk-to-bulk propagators
on lower dimensional AdS slices. In the situation in which we can treat the
boundary or defect as a perturbation around pure AdS spacetime, we obtain the
leading corrections to the two-point function both in boundary and ambient
channel in terms of geodesic Witten diagrams which exactly reproduce the
decomposition into corresponding conformal blocks on the field theory side.Comment: 28 pages, 4 figures, v2:included hypergeometric identities for
  generic no-brane case, references added, v3:published versio
An effective formalism for testing extensions to General Relativity with
  gravitational waves

The recent direct observation of gravitational waves (GW) from merging black
holes opens up the possibility of exploring the theory of gravity in the strong
regime at an unprecedented level. It is therefore interesting to explore which
extensions to General Relativity (GR) could be detected. We construct an
Effective Field Theory (EFT) satisfying the following requirements. It is
testable with GW observations; it is consistent with other experiments,
including short distance tests of GR; it agrees with widely accepted principles
of physics, such as locality, causality and unitarity; and it does not involve
new light degrees of freedom. The most general theory satisfying these
requirements corresponds to adding to the GR Lagrangian operators constructed
out of powers of the Riemann tensor, suppressed by a scale comparable to the
curvature of the observed merging binaries. The presence of these operators
modifies the gravitational potential between the compact objects, as well as
their effective mass and current quadrupoles, ultimately correcting the
waveform of the emitted GW.Comment: v1: 43+16 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; v2: minor corrections; v3:
  minor corrections, JHEP published versio
$C_T$ for conformal higher spin fields from partition function on
  conically deformed sphere

We consider the one-parameter generalization $S^4_q$ of 4-sphere with a
conical singularity due to identification $\tau=\tau + 2 \pi q$ in one
isometric angle. We compute the value of the spectral zeta-function at zero
$z(q) = \zeta(0, q)$ that controls the coefficient of the logarithmic UV
divergence of the one-loop partition function on $S^4_q$. While the value of
the conformal anomaly a-coefficient is proportional to $z(1)$, we argue that in
general the second $c = C_T$ anomaly coefficient is related to a particular
combination of the second and first derivatives of $z(q) $ at $q=1$. The
universality of this relation for $C_T$ is supported also by examples in 6 and
2 dimensions. We use it to compute the c-coefficient for conformal higher spins
finding that it coincides with the "$r=-1$" value of the one-parameter Ansatz
suggested in arXiv:1309.0785. Like the sums of $a_s$ and $c_s$ coefficients,
the regularized sum of $z_s(q)$ over the whole tower of conformal higher spins
$s=1,2, ...$ is found to vanish, implying UV finiteness on $S^4_q$ and thus
also the vanishing of the associated Re'nyi entropy. Similar conclusions are
found to apply to the standard 2-derivative massless higher spin tower. We also
present an independent computation of the full set of conformal anomaly
coefficients of the 6d Weyl graviton theory defined by a particular combination
of the three 6d Weyl invariants that has a (2,0) supersymmetric extension.Comment: 29 pages. v2: minor change
Impact of Beyond the Standard Model Physics in the Detection of the
  Cosmic Neutrino Background

We discuss the effect of Beyond the Standard Model charged current
interactions on the detection of the Cosmic Neutrino Background by neutrino
capture on tritium in a PTOLEMY-like detector. We show that the total capture
rate can be substantially modified for Dirac neutrinos if scalar or tensor
right-chiral currents, with strength consistent with current experimental
bounds, are at play. We find that the total capture rate for Dirac neutrinos,
$\Gamma_{\rm D}^{\rm BSM}$, can be between 0.3 to 2.2 of what is expected for
Dirac neutrinos in the Standard Model, $\Gamma_{\rm D}^{\rm SM}$, so that it
can be made as large as the rate expected for Majorana neutrinos with only
Standard Model interactions. A non-negligible primordial abundance of
right-handed neutrinos can only worsen the situation, increasing $\Gamma_{\rm
D}^{\rm BSM}$ by 30 to 90\%. On the other hand, if a much lower total rate is
measured than what is expected for $\Gamma_{\rm D}^{\rm SM}$, it may be a sign
of new physics.Comment: Version published in JHEP. Some comments and references adde
Entanglement entropy vs. free energy in IIB supergravity duals for 5d
  SCFTs

We study entanglement entropy and the free energy in recently constructed
holographic duals for 5d SCFTs in type IIB supergravity. The solutions exhibit
mild singularities, which could potentially complicate holographic
applications. We use the relation of the entanglement entropy for a spherical
entangling surface to the free energy of the field theory on the five sphere as
a well-motivated benchmark to assess how problematic the singularities are. The
holographic supergravity computations give well-defined results for both
quantities and they satisfy the expected relations. This supports the
interpretation of the solutions as holographic duals for 5d SCFTs and gives
first quantitative indications for the nature of the dual SCFTs.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figure
Minimal flux Minkowski classification

We classify Minkowski$_4$ solutions in type IIA supergravity, with N=2
supersymmetry and an SU(2) R-symmetry of a certain type. Many subcases can be
reduced to relatively simple PDEs, among which we recover various intersecting
brane systems, and AdS$_d$ solutions, $d=5,6,7$, and in particular the recently
found general massive AdS$_7$ solutions. Imposing compactness of the internal
six-manifold we obtain promising solutions with localized D-branes and
O-planes.Comment: v2: Result slightly strengthened, typos corrected. v3: Published
  Versio
Solving Lauricella String Scattering Amplitudes through Recurrence
  Relations

We show that there exist infinite number of recurrence relations valid for
all energies among the open bosonic string scattering amplitudes (SSA) of three
tachyons and one arbitrary string state, or the Lauricella SSA. Moreover, these
infinite number of recurrence relations can be used to solve all the Lauricella
SSA and express them in terms of one single four tachyon amplitude. These
results extend the solvability of SSA at the high energy, fixed angle
scattering limit and those at the Regge scattering limit discovered previously.Comment: 19 pages. v2: Fig.1 adde
N=4 l-conformal Galilei superalgebras inspired by D(2,1;a)
  supermultiplets

N=4 supersymmetric extensions of the l-conformal Galilei algebra are
constructed by properly extending the Lie superalgebra associated with the most
general N=4 superconformal group in one dimension D(2,1;a). If the acceleration
generators in the superalgebra form analogues of the irreducible (1,4,3)-,
(2,4,2)-, (3,4,1)-, and (4,4,0)-supermultiplets of D(2,1;a), the parameter a
turns out to be constrained by the Jacobi identities. In contrast, if the tower
of the acceleration generators resembles a component decomposition of a generic
real superfield, which is a reducible representation of D(2,1;a), a remains
arbitrary. An N=4 l-conformal Galilei superalgebra recently proposed in [Phys.
Lett. B 771 (2017) 401] is shown to be a particular instance of a more general
construction in this work.Comment: V2: 9 pages. Introductory part extended, two references added. The
  version to appear in JHE