pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Labour market dynamics in Spanish regions : evaluating asymmetries in troublesome times

The Spanish labour market disproportionately booms in expansions and bursts in recessions; meanwhile, its regions' relative position persists: those with the highest unemployment rates in 1996 were also in the worse position in 2012. To examine this twofold feature, we apply Blanchard and Katz's (Brookings Pap Econ Act 1:1–75, 1992) methodology and evaluate how the Spanish labour market reacts to regional employment shocks in a variety of cases. Shock responses are channelled via changes in unemployment, labour market participation, and spatial mobility. Our results provide evidence of asymmetric responses across business cycle phases (1996–2007 and 2008–2012). While changes in participation rates are the main adjustment mechanism in expansion, unemployment and spatial mobility become the central ones in recession. We also provide evidence of real wage rigidities in both periods, due to rigidities in both nominal wages and consumer prices. We conclude with a cluster analysis showing that high and low unemployment regions have similar responses in the short-run while, in the long-run, the former are more reactive in terms of spatial mobility. Overall, we provide evidence that people in a region are more willing to migrate (relative to the national average) when a regional shock occurs in relatively worse economic contexts
"my Lung disease won't go away, it's there to stay": Profiles of adaptation to functional limitations in workers with asthma and COPD

Purpose Earlier research has shown that adaptation (i.e., the way in which employees cope with limitations resulting from their disease) is associated with sick leave. Our aim was to investigate signs of adequate or inadequate adaptation in employees with asthma and COPD. Methods A Q-methodological study was carried out among 34 workers with asthma or COPD. Results Four adaptation profiles were distinguished: the eager, the adjusted, the cautious, and the worried workers. The adaptation profiles provide insight into the different ways in which workers with asthma and COPD cope with their illness at work. Conclusions The adaptation profiles serve as a starting point for the design of appropriate (occupational) care. The eager workers experience little difficulties at work; the cautious workers may need assistance in learning how to accept their disease; the worried workers need reassurance, and may need reactivation; the adjusted workers deserve extra attention, and, when necessary, advice on how to live with their asthma or COPD
On the long time behavior of non-autonomous Lotka-Volterra models with diffusion via the sub-supertrajectory method

In this paper we study in detail the geometrical structure of global pullback and forwards attractors associated to non-autonomous Lotka-Volterra systems in all the three cases of competition, symbiosis or prey-predator. In particular, under some conditions on the parameters, we prove the existence of a unique non-degenerate global solution for these models, which attracts any other complete bounded trajectory. Thus, we generalize the existence of a unique strictly positive stable (stationary) solution from the autonomous case and we extend to Lotka–Volterra systems the result for scalar logistic equations. To this end we present the sub-supertrajectory tool as a generalization of the now classical sub-supersolution method. In particular, we also conclude pullback and forwards permanence for the above models
Neuroinflammation and pain

ABSTRACT
Background: Persistent pain that remains long after the physiological trigger has been resolved is a disabling condition. A possible mechanism for the transition from acute physiological pain to persistent pain involves low-grade inflammation in the central nervous system, in which inflammatory-activated astrocytes play a significant role.
Aims: The aims of this thesis were to explore novel means for the restoration of inflammatory-activated astrocytes and to investigate whether such experimentally obtained findings, when translated into a clinical setting, are associated with improved pain relief in patients with persistent pain.
Methods: For the experimental studies in cell cultures, Ca2+ imaging, Western blot analysis, immunocytochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed. In the clinical study, patients were treated with continuous intrathecal infusions of morphine in combination with naloxone or a placebo.
Results: Inflammatory-activated astrocytes were restored to their normal state and function using a combination of the μ-opioid agonist endomorphin-1, ultralow doses of naloxone, and the antiepileptic drug levetiracetam. For patients with persistent pain who were treated with an ongoing intrathecal morphine infusion, the addition of an ultralow dose of naloxone significantly improved their perceived quality of sleep.
Conclusion: We demonstrated that astrocyte dysfunction, which occurs as a component of low-grade neuroinflammation during prolonged pain states, is experimentally restorable by the combined actions of morphine, naloxone, and levetiracetam. To achieve this response, the choice of an ultralow dose of naloxone seems to be particularly crucial. Additionally, our findings in patients with difficult-to-treat pain show that intrathecal administration of an ultralow dose of naloxone in combination with morphine significantly improves perceived quality of sleep, although concurrent alterations in pain relief were not statistically significant. The concept of targeting inflammatory-activated astrocytes to reduce the development of persistent pain is a promising path that merits further evaluation in clinical settings.
Keywords: Persistent pain, neuroinflammation, astrocytes, morphine, naloxon
A variational approach to dislocation problems for periodic
  Schr\"odinger operators

As a simple model for lattice defects like grain boundaries in solid state
physics we consider potentials which are obtained from a periodic potential $V
= V(x,y)$ on $\R^2$ with period lattice $\Z^2$ by setting $W_t(x,y) = V(x+t,y)$
for $x < 0$ and $W_t(x,y) = V(x,y)$ for $x \ge 0$, for $t \in [0,1]$. For
Lipschitz-continuous $V$ it is shown that the Schr\"odinger operators $H_t =
-\Delta + W_t$ have spectrum (surface states) in the spectral gaps of $H_0$,
for suitable $t \in (0,1)$. We also discuss the density of these surface states
as compared to the density of the bulk. Our approach is variational and it is
first applied to the well-known dislocation problem [E. Korotyaev, Commun.
Math. Phys. 213 (2000), 471-489], [E. Korotyaev, Asymptotic Anal. 45 (2005),
73-97] on the real line. We then proceed to the dislocation problem for an
infinite strip and for the plane. In an appendix, we discuss regularity
properties of the eigenvalue branches in the one-dimensional dislocation
problem for suitable classes of potentials.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figure
La2010: A new orbital solution for the long term motion of the Earth

We present here a new solution for the astronomical computation of the
orbital motion of the Earth spanning from 0 to -250 Myr. The main improvement
with respect to the previous numerical solution La2004 (Laskar et al. 2004) is
an improved adjustment of the parameters and initial conditions through a fit
over 1 Myr to a special version of the high accurate numerical ephemeris
INPOP08 (Fienga et al. 2009). The precession equations have also been entirely
revised and are no longer averaged over the orbital motion of the Earth and
Moon. This new orbital solution is now valid over more than 50 Myr in the past
or in the future with proper phases of the eccentricity variations. Due to
chaotic behavior, the precision of the solution decreases rapidly beyond this
time span, and we discuss the behavior of various solutions beyond 50 Myr. For
paleoclimate calibrations, we provide several different solutions that are all
compatible with the most precise planetary ephemeris. We have thus reached the
time where geological data are now required to discriminate among planetary
orbital solutions beyond 50 Myr.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figure
Beurling-Landau's density on compact manifolds

Given a compact Riemannian manifold $M$, we consider the subspace of $L^2(M)$
generated by the eigenfunctions of the Laplacian of eigenvalue less than $L\geq
1$. This space behaves like a space of polynomials and we have an analogy with
the Paley-Wiener spaces. We study the interpolating and Marcienkiewicz-Zygmund
(M-Z) families and provide necessary conditions for sampling and interpolation
in terms of the Beurling-Landau densities. As an application, we prove the
equidistribution of the Fekete arrays on some compact manifolds
Numerical tests of conjectures of conformal field theory for
  three-dimensional systems

The concept of conformal field theory provides a general classification of
statistical systems on two-dimensional geometries at the point of a continuous
phase transition. Considering the finite-size scaling of certain special
observables, one thus obtains not only the critical exponents but even the
corresponding amplitudes of the divergences analytically. A first numerical
analysis brought up the question whether analogous results can be obtained for
those systems on three-dimensional manifolds.
  Using Monte Carlo simulations based on the Wolff single-cluster update
algorithm we investigate the scaling properties of O(n) symmetric classical
spin models on a three-dimensional, hyper-cylindrical geometry with a toroidal
cross-section considering both periodic and antiperiodic boundary conditions.
Studying the correlation lengths of the Ising, the XY, and the Heisenberg
model, we find strong evidence for a scaling relation analogous to the
two-dimensional case, but in contrast here for the systems with antiperiodic
boundary conditions.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX, proceedings of the 210th WE-Heraeus Seminar PILS'98,
  Berli
Radiative origin of solar scale and U_{e3}

We make a general study of possibility of generating solar scale
$\Delta_{\odot}$ and the CHOOZ angle $U_{e3}$ radiatively by assuming that they
are zero at some high scale. The most general neutrino mass matrix leading to
this result is determined in a CP conserving theory. This matrix contains four
independent parameters which can be fixed in terms of physical observables. The
standard weak radiative corrections then lead to non-zero $\Delta_{\odot}$ and
$U_{e3}$ without drastically altering the other tree level results. As a
consequence, both $\Delta_{\odot}$ and $U_{e3}$ are predicted in terms of other
physically observable parameters. These predictions are insensitive to specific
form of the neutrino mass matrix. The solar scale and $U_{e3}$ are strongly
correlated with the effective neutrino mass $m_{ee}$ probed in neutrinoless
double beta decay. In particular, the LMA solution to the solar neutrino
problem arise for $m_{ee}$ close to the present experimental limit. An example
of specific texture is presented which predicts maximal atmospheric mixing and
$\tan^2 \theta_{\odot}\approx 0.5$ for the solar mixing angle $\theta_{\odot}$.Comment: Modified version, to appear in Phys. Lett.
Detecting a Higgs Pseudoscalar with a $Z$ Boson at the LHC

We have adopted two Higgs doublet models to study the production of a Higgs
pseudoscalar ($A^0$) in association with a $Z$ gauge boson from gluon fusion
($gg \to ZA^0$) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The prospects for the
discovery of $ZA^0 \to \ell \bar{\ell} b\bar{b}$ are investigated with physics
backgrounds and realistic cuts. Promising results are found for $m_A \alt 260$
GeV in two Higgs doublet models when the heavier Higgs scalar ($H^0$) can decay
into a $Z$ boson and a Higgs pseudoscalar ($A^0$). Although the cross section
of $gg \to ZA^0$ is usually small in the minimal supersymmetric standard model,
it can be significantly enhanced in general two Higgs doublet models. This
discovery channel might provide an opportunity to search for a Higgs scalar and
a Higgs pseudoscalar simultaneously at the LHC and could lead to new physics
beyond the Standard Model and the minimal supersymmetric model.Comment: Two tables added for the ratio of signal/backgroun
The QCD critical end point in the SU(3) Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model

We study the chiral phase transition at finite temperature $T$ and baryonic
chemical potential $\mu_B$ within the framework of the SU(3) Nambu-Jona-Lasinio
(NJL) model. The QCD critical end point (CEP) and the critical line at finite
$T$ and $\mu_B$ are investigated: the study of physical quantities, such as the
baryon number susceptibility and the specific heat in the vicinity the CEP,
will provide relevant information concerning the order of the phase transition.
The class of the CEP is determined by calculating the critical exponents of
those quantities.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures; PLB versio
Echoes of multiple outbursts of Sagittarius A* revealed by Chandra

The relatively rapid spatial and temporal variability of the X-ray radiation
from some molecular clouds near the Galactic center shows that this emission
component is due to the reflection of X-rays generated by a source that was
luminous in the past, most likely the central supermassive black hole,
Sagittarius A*. Studying the evolution of the molecular cloud reflection
features is therefore a key element to reconstruct Sgr A*'s past activity. The
aim of the present work is to study this emission on small angular scales in
order to characterize the source outburst on short time scales. We use Chandra
high-resolution data collected from 1999 to 2011 to study the most rapid
variations detected so far, those of clouds between 5' and 20' from Sgr A*
towards positive longitudes. Our systematic spectral-imaging analysis of the
reflection emission, notably of the Fe Kalpha line at 6.4 keV and its
associated 4-8 keV continuum, allows us to characterize the variations down to
15" angular scale and 1-year time scale. We reveal for the first time abrupt
variations of few years only and in particular a short peaked emission, with a
factor of 10 increase followed by a comparable decrease, that propagates along
the dense filaments of the Bridge cloud. This 2-year peaked feature contrasts
with the slower 10-year linear variations we reveal in all the other molecular
structures of the region. Based on column density constraints, we argue that
these two different behaviors are unlikely to be due to the same illuminating
event. The variations are likely due to a highly variable active phase of Sgr
A* sometime within the past few hundred years, characterized by at least two
luminous outbursts of a few-year time scale and during which the Sgr A*
luminosity went up to at least 10^39 erg/s.Comment: 17 pages, 16 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy &
  Astrophysic
Comparison of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements from Planck and from the
  Arcminute Microkelvin Imager for 99 galaxy clusters

We present observations and analysis of a sample of 123 galaxy clusters from
the 2013 Planck catalogue of Sunyaev-Zel'dovich sources with the Arcminute
Microkelvin Imager (AMI), a ground-based radio interferometer. AMI provides an
independent measurement with higher angular resolution, 3 arcmin compared to
the Planck beams of 5-10 arcmin. The AMI observations thus provide validation
of the cluster detections, improved positional estimates, and a consistency
check on the fitted 'size' ($\theta_{s}$) and 'flux' ($Y_{\rm tot}$) parameters
in the Generalised Navarro, Frenk and White (GNFW) model. We detect 99 of the
clusters. We use the AMI positional estimates to check the positional estimates
and error-bars produced by the Planck algorithms PowellSnakes and MMF3. We find
that $Y_{\rm tot}$ values as measured by AMI are biased downwards with respect
to the Planck constraints, especially for high Planck-SNR clusters. We perform
simulations to show that this can be explained by deviation from the
'universal' pressure profile shape used to model the clusters. We show that AMI
data can constrain the $\alpha$ and $\beta$ parameters describing the shape of
the profile in the GNFW model for individual clusters provided careful
attention is paid to the degeneracies between parameters, but one requires
information on a wider range of angular scales than are present in AMI data
alone to correctly constrain all parameters simultaneously.Comment: 41 pages (20 + 21 of appendices), 38 figures. Accepted by A&A
  11/06/2015. Minor changes only from v1; long delay in publication due to lack
  of response from first refere
Similar origin for low- and high-albedo Jovian Trojans and Hilda
  asteroids ?

Hilda asteroids and Jupiter Trojans are two low-albedo (p$_{\rm v}$ ~ 0.07)
populations for which the Nice model predicts an origin in the primordial
Kuiper Belt region. However, recent surveys by WISE and the Spitzer Space
Telescope (SST) have revealed that ~2% of these objects possess high albedos
(p$_{\rm v}$ > 0.15), which might indicate interlopers - that is, objects not
formed in the Kuiper Belt - among these two populations. Here, we report
spectroscopic observations in the visible and/or near-infrared spectral ranges
of twelve high-albedo (p$_{\rm v}$ > 0.15) Hilda asteroids and Jupiter Trojans.
These twelve objects have spectral properties similar to those of the low-
albedo population, which suggests a similar composition and hence a similar
origin for low- and high-albedo Hilda asteroids and Jupiter Trojans. We
therefore propose that most high albedos probably result from statistical bias
or uncertainties that affect the WISE and SST measurements. However, some of
the high albedos may be true and the outcome of some collision-induced
resurfacing by a brighter material that could include water ice. Future work
should attempt to investigate the nature of this supposedly bright material.
The lack of interlopers in our sample allows us to set an upper limit of 0.4%
at a confidence level of 99.7% on the abundance of interlopers with unexpected
taxonomic classes (e.g., A-, S-, V-type asteroids) among these two populations.Comment: Letter to A&A, accepted, 5 pages, 4 figure
Three-loop universal anomalous dimension of the Wilson operators in N=4
  SUSY Yang-Mills model

We present results for the three-loop universal anomalous dimension of Wilson
twist-2 operators in the N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills model. These results are
obtained by extracting the most complicated contributions from the three loop
non-singlet anomalous dimensions in QCD which were calculated recently. Their
singularities at j=1 agree with the predictions obtained from the BFKL equation
for N=4 SYM in the next-to-leading order. The asymptotics of universal
anomalous dimension at large j is in an agreement with the expectations based
on an interpolation between weak and strong coupling regimes in the framework
of the AdS/CFT correspondence.Comment: LaTeX file, 13 pages, no figures. Some corrections, additional
  remarks and references. In the last version the analysis of anomalous
  dimension at j -> 2 was improve
Genetic Algorithm for Lattice Gauge Theory: on SU(2) and U(1) on 4 dimensional lattice, how to hitchhike to thermal equilibrium state

Applying Genetic Algorithm for the Lattice Gauge Theory is formed to be an effective method to minimize the action of gauge field on a lattice. In 4 dimensions, the critical point and the Wilson loop behaviour of SU(2) lattice gauge theory as well as the phase transition of U(1) theory have been studied. The proper coding methodi has been developed in order to avoid the increase of necessary memory and the overload of calculation for Genetic Algorithm. How hichhikers toward equlibrium appear against kidnappers is clarified
An Alternative for Moduli Stabilisation

The one-loop vacuum energy is explicitly computed for a class of perturbative
string vacua where supersymmetry is spontaneously broken by a T-duality
invariant asymmetric Scherk-Schwarz deformation. The low-lying spectrum is
tachyon-free for any value of the compactification radii and thus no
Hagedorn-like phase-transition takes place. Indeed, the induced effective
potential is free of divergence, and has a global anti de Sitter minimum where
geometric moduli are naturally stabilised.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure. Three refs adde
The dilute A$_4$ model, the E$_7$ mass spectrum and the tricritical
  Ising model

The exact perturbation approach is used to derive the (seven) elementary
correlation lengths and related mass gaps of the two-dimensional dilute A$_4$
lattice model in regime 2- from the Bethe ansatz solution. This model provides
a realisation of the integrable $\phi(1,2)$ perturbation of the c=7/10
conformal field theory, which is known to describe the off-critical thermal
behaviour of the tricritical Ising model. The E$_7$ masses predicted from
purely elastic scattering theory follow in the approach to criticality.
Universal amplitudes for the tricritical Ising model are calculated.Comment: 24 pages, LaTeX, submitted to Journal of Mathematical Physics. One
  paragraph added and some minor typos correcte
Analytical E1 strength functions of two-neutron halo nuclei: 11-Li and
  14-Be

An analytical model, recently developed to study the electromagnetic
dissociation (EMD) energy spectra of two-neutron halo nuclei, is applied to
11-Li and 14-Be. We find that a reliable set of experimental data on EMD could
help to resolve the problem concerning the structure of the 11-Li ground state.
For 14-Be we find a mutual inconsistency between the existing experimental data
on the binding energy, radius and EMD energy spectrum. We also conclude that
the structure of 14-Be is essentially more complicated than the structure of
other Borromean two--neutron halo nuclei.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures See also previous paper in Nucl. Phys. A
  697(2002)p.639 Revised version posted 020309 with 2 new references and a few
  revision
Measurement of the ratio B(B[0,s] to J/psi f0(980)) / B(B[0,s] to J/psi
  phi(1020)) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A measurement of the ratio of the branching fractions of the B[0,s] meson to
J/psi f0(980) and to J/psi phi(1020) is presented. The J/psi, f0(980), and
phi(1020) are observed through their decays to mu+ mu-, pi+ pi-, and K+ K-,
respectively. The f0 is identified by requiring abs( M[pi+,pi-] - 974 MeV ) <
50 MeV. The analysis is based on a data sample of pp collisions at a
centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 5.3 inverse femtobarns. The measured ratio is
B(B[0,s] to J/psi f0(980)) B(f0 to pi+ pi-) / B(B[0,s] to J/psi phi(1020))
B(phi(1020) to K+ K-) = 0.140 +/- 0.008 +/- 0.023, where the first uncertainty
is statistical and the second is systematic.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Hermite-Pad\'e approximants for a pair of Cauchy transforms with
  overlapping symmetric supports

Hermite-Pad\'e approximants of type II are vectors of rational functions with
common denominator that interpolate a given vector of power series at infinity
with maximal order. We are interested in the situation when the approximated
vector is given by a pair of Cauchy transforms of smooth complex measures
supported on the real line. The convergence properties of the approximants are
rather well understood when the supports consist of two disjoint intervals
(Angelesco systems) or two intervals that coincide under the condition that the
ratio of the measures is a restriction of the Cauchy transform of a third
measure (Nikishin systems). In this work we consider the case where the
supports form two overlapping intervals (in a symmetric way) and the ratio of
the measures extends to a holomorphic function in a region that depends on the
size of the overlap. We derive Szeg\H{o}-type formulae for the asymptotics of
the approximants, identify the convergence and divergence domains (the
divergence domains appear for Angelesco systems but are not present for
Nikishin systems), and show the presence of overinterpolation (a feature
peculiar for Nikishin systems but not for Angelesco systems). Our analysis is
based on a Riemann-Hilbert problem for multiple orthogonal polynomials (the
common denominator).Comment: 52 pages, 24 figure