pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Cutkosky Rules for Superstring Field Theory

Superstring field theory expresses the perturbative S-matrix of superstring
theory as a sum of Feynman diagrams each of which is manifestly free from
ultraviolet divergences. The interaction vertices fall off exponentially for
large space-like external momenta making the ultraviolet finiteness property
manifest, but blow up exponentially for large time-like external momenta making
it impossible to take the integration contours for loop energies to lie along
the real axis. This forces us to carry out the integrals over the loop energies
by choosing appropriate contours in the complex plane whose ends go to infinity
along the imaginary axis but which take complicated form in the interior
navigating around the various poles of the propagators. We consider the general
class of quantum field theories with this property and prove Cutkosky rules for
the amplitudes to all orders in perturbation theory. Besides having
applications to string field theory, these results also give an alternative
derivation of Cutkosky rules in ordinary quantum field theories.Comment: LaTeX, 52 pages; v2: minor additions in section 5.4; v3: corrections
  added to section 5.2.3, no change in the final result
Tunneling in Axion Monodromy

The Coleman formula for vacuum decay and bubble nucleation has been used to
estimate the tunneling rate in models of axion monodromy in recent literature.
However, several of Coleman's original assumptions do not hold for such models.
Here we derive a new estimate with this in mind using a similar Euclidean
procedure. We find that there are significant regions of parameter space for
which the tunneling rate in axion monodromy is not well approximated by the
Coleman formula. However, there is also a regime relevant to large field
inflation in which both estimates parametrically agree. We also briefly comment
on the applications of our results to the relaxion scenario
Effective Multi-Higgs Couplings to Gluons

Standard-Model Higgs bosons are dominantly produced via the gluon-fusion
mechanism $gg \to H$ at the LHC, i.e. in a loop-mediated process with top loops
providing the dominant contribution. For the measured Higgs boson mass of $\sim
125$ GeV the limit of heavy top quarks provides a reliable approximation as
long as the relative QCD corrections are scaled with the full mass-dependent LO
cross section. In this limit the Higgs coupling to gluons can be described by
an effective Lagrangian. The same approach can also be applied to the coupling
of more than one Higgs boson to gluons. We will derive the effective Lagrangian
for multi-Higgs couplings to gluons up to N$^4$LO thus extending previous
results for more than one Higgs boson. Moreover we discuss gluonic Higgs
couplings up to NNLO, if several heavy quarks contribute.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figur
Probing Non-holomorphic MSSM via precision constraints, dark matter and
  LHC data

In this analysis we explore the phenomenological constraints of models with
non-holomorphic soft SUSY breaking terms in a beyond the MSSM scenario having
identical particle content. The model referred as NHSSM shows various promising
features like the possibility of a strong reduction in electroweak fine-tuning
even for a scenario of a heavy higgsino type of LSP, a fact that is unavailable
in pMSSM models. The other important aspect is satisfying the muon $g-2$ data
even for a small $\tan\beta$ via a small value of coupling $A_\mu'$ associated
with the tri-linear non-holomorphic soft term. Thus, a large SUSY contribution
to muon $g-2$ is possible even for a significantly large smuon mass $m_{\tilde
{\mu_1}}$. The Higgs mass radiative corrections are contributed by both the
holomorphic and non-holomorphic trilinear soft parameters $A_t$ and $A_t'$,
thus diluting the requirement to have a larger $A_t$ to satisfy the Higgs mass
data. The model also provides with valid parameter space satisfying the
constraint of $B \rightarrow X_s +\gamma$ for large values of $\tan\beta$, a
scenario unfavourable in pMSSM.Comment: v2, 25 pages, 6 figures, introduction elaborated, references added,
  no change in conclusion, to be published in JHE
Teleporting entanglement during black hole evaporation

The unitary evaporation of a black hole (BH) in an initially pure state must
lead to the eventual purification of the emitted radiation. It follows that the
late radiation has to be entangled with the early radiation and, as a
consequence, the entanglement among the Hawking pair partners has to decrease
continuously from maximal to vanishing during the BH's life span. Starting from
the basic premise that both the horizon radius and the center of mass of a
finite-mass BH are fluctuating quantum mechanically, we show how this process
is realized. First, it is shown that the horizon fluctuations induce a small
amount of variance in the total linear momentum of each created pair. This is
in contrast to the case of an infinitely massive BH, for which the total
momentum of the produced pair vanishes exactly on account of momentum
conservation. This variance leads to a random recoil of the BH during each
emission and, as a result, the center of mass of the BH undergoes a quantum
random walk. Consequently, the uncertainty in its momentum grows as the square
root of the number of emissions. We then show that this uncertainty controls
the amount of deviation from maximal entanglement of the produced pairs and
that this deviation is determined by the ratio of the cumulative number of
emitted particles to the initial BH entropy. Thus, the interplay between the
horizon and center-of-mass fluctuations provides a mechanism for teleporting
entanglement from the pair partners to the BH and the emitted radiation.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figur
Vortical susceptibility of finite-density QCD matter

The susceptibility of finite-density QCD matter to vorticity is introduced,
as an analog of magnetic susceptibility. It describes the spin polarization of
quarks and antiquarks in finite-density QCD matter induced by rotation. We
estimate this quantity in the chirally broken phase using the mixed
gauge-gravity anomaly at finite baryon density. It is proposed that the
vortical susceptibility of QCD matter is responsible for the polarization of
$\Lambda$ and ${\bar \Lambda}$ hyperons observed recently in heavy ion
collisions at RHIC by the STAR Collaboration.Comment: 13 page
In-medium P-wave quarkonium from the complex lattice QCD potential

We extend our lattice QCD potential based study arXiv:1509.07366 (JHEP 1512
(2015) 101) of the in-medium properties of heavy quark bound states to P-wave
bottomonium and charmonium. Similar to the behavior found in the S-wave channel
their spectra show a characteristic broadening, as well as mass shifts to lower
energy with increasing temperature. In contrast to the S-wave states, finite
angular momentum leads to the survival of spectral peaks even at temperatures,
where the continuum threshold reaches below the bound state remnant mass. We
elaborate on the ensuing challenges in defining quarkonium dissolution, present
estimates of melting temperatures for the spin averaged $\chi_b$ and $\chi_c$
states and contrast the findings to recent direct lattice NRQCD studies of
P-wave quarkonium. As an application to heavy-ion collisions we estimate the
contribution of feed down to S-wave quarkonium through the P-wave states after
freezeout.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figure
Tall sections from non-minimal transformations

In previous work, we have shown that elliptic fibrations with two sections,
or Mordell-Weil rank one, can always be mapped birationally to a Weierstrass
model of a certain form, namely, the Jacobian of a $\mathbb{P}^{112}$ model.
Most constructions of elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds with two
sections have been carried out assuming that the image of this birational map
was a "minimal" Weierstrass model. In this paper, we show that for some
elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifolds with Mordell-Weil rank-one, the
Jacobian of the $\mathbb{P}^{112}$ model is not minimal. Said another way,
starting from a Calabi-Yau Weierstrass model, the total space must be blown up
(thereby destroying the "Calabi-Yau" property) in order to embed the model into
$\mathbb{P}^{112}$. In particular, we show that the elliptic fibrations studied
recently by Klevers and Taylor fall into this class of models.Comment: 16 page
Comments on Determinant Formulas for General CFTs

We point out that the determinant formula for a parabolic Verma module plays
a key role in the study of (super)conformal field theories and in particular
their (super)conformal blocks. The determinant formula is known from the old
work of Jantzen for bosonic conformal algebras, and we present a conjecture for
superconformal algebras. The application of the formula includes derivation of
the unitary bound and recursion relations for conformal blocks.Comment: 14 pages, v2: notations and section 2.3 improved, typos corrected,
  v3: published versio
Exploring soft constraints on effective actions

We study effective actions for simultaneous breaking of space-time and
internal symmetries. Novel features arise due to the mixing of Goldstone modes
under the broken symmetries which, in contrast to the usual Adler's zero, leads
to non-vanishing soft limits. Such scenarios are common for spontaneously
broken SCFT's. We explicitly test these soft theorems for $\mathcal{N}=4$ sYM
in the Coulomb branch both perturbatively and non-perturbatively. We explore
the soft constraints systematically utilizing recursion relations. In the pure
dilaton sector of a general CFT, we show that all amplitudes up to order $s^{n}
\sim \partial^{2n}$ are completely determined in terms of the $k$-point
amplitudes at order $s^k$ with $k \leq n$. Terms with at most one derivative
acting on each dilaton insertion are completely fixed and coincide with those
appearing in the conformal DBI, i.e. DBI in AdS. With maximal supersymmetry,
the effective actions are further constrained, leading to new
non-renormalization theorems. In particular, the effective action is fixed up
to eight derivatives in terms of just one unknown four-point coefficient and
one more coefficient for ten-derivative terms. Finally, we also study the
interplay between scale and conformal invariance in this context.Comment: 20+4 pages, 1 figure; v2: references added, typos corrected; v3:
  typos corrected, JHEP versio
Truncatable bootstrap equations in algebraic form and critical surface
  exponents

We describe examples of drastic truncations of conformal bootstrap equations
encoding much more information than that obtained by a direct numerical
approach. A three-term truncation of the four point function of a free scalar
in any space dimensions provides algebraic identities among conformal block
derivatives which generate the exact spectrum of the infinitely many primary
operators contributing to it. In boundary conformal field theories, we point
out that the appearance of free parameters in the solutions of bootstrap
equations is not an artifact of truncations, rather it reflects a physical
property of permeable conformal interfaces which are described by the same
equations. Surface transitions correspond to isolated points in the parameter
space. We are able to locate them in the case of 3d Ising model, thanks to a
useful algebraic form of 3d boundary bootstrap equations. It turns out that the
low-lying spectra of the surface operators in the ordinary and the special
transitions of 3d Ising model form two different solutions of the same
polynomial equation. Their interplay yields an estimate of the surface
renormalization group exponent, $y_{h}=0.72558(18)$ for the ordinary
universality class and $y_{h}=1.646(2)$ for the special universality class,
which compare well with the most recent Monte Carlo calculations. Estimates of
other surface exponents as well as OPE coefficients are also obtained.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures. v2: typos corrected, references added,
  acknowledgements update
Ward Identity and Homes' Law in a Holographic Superconductor with
  Momentum Relaxation

We study three properties of a holographic superconductor related to
conductivities, where momentum relaxation plays an important role. First, we
find that there are constraints between electric, thermoelectric and thermal
conductivities. The constraints are analytically derived by the Ward identities
regarding diffeomorphism from field theory perspective. We confirm them by
numerically computing all two-point functions from holographic perspective.
Second, we investigate Homes' law and Uemura's law for various high-temperature
and conventional superconductors. They are empirical and (material independent)
universal relations between the superfluid density at zero temperature, the
transition temperature, and the electric DC conductivity right above the
transition temperature. In our model, it turns out that the Homes' law does not
hold but the Uemura's law holds at small momentum relaxation related to
coherent metal regime. Third, we explicitly show that the DC electric
conductivity is finite for a neutral scalar instability while it is infinite
for a complex scalar instability. This shows that the neutral scalar
instability has nothing to do with superconductivity as expected.Comment: 31 pages, 14 figures, v2: minor changes, typos corrected, references
  adde
Super-quantum curves from super-eigenvalue models

In modern mathematical and theoretical physics various generalizations, in
particular supersymmetric or quantum, of Riemann surfaces and complex algebraic
curves play a prominent role. We show that such supersymmetric and quantum
generalizations can be combined together, and construct supersymmetric quantum
curves, or super-quantum curves for short. Our analysis is conducted in the
formalism of super-eigenvalue models: we introduce $\beta$-deformed version of
those models, and derive differential equations for associated
$\alpha/\beta$-deformed super-matrix integrals. We show that for a given model
there exists an infinite number of such differential equations, which we
identify as super-quantum curves, and which are in one-to-one correspondence
with, and have the structure of, super-Virasoro singular vectors. We discuss
potential applications of super-quantum curves and prospects of other
generalizations.Comment: 60 page
Target space supergeometry of $\eta$ and $\lambda$-deformed strings

We study the integrable $\eta$ and $\lambda$-deformations of supercoset
string sigma models, the basic example being the deformation of the $AdS_5
\times S^5$ superstring. We prove that the kappa symmetry variations for these
models are of the standard Green-Schwarz form, and we determine the target
space supergeometry by computing the superspace torsion. We check that the
$\lambda$-deformation gives rise to a standard (generically type II*)
supergravity background; for the $\eta$-model the requirement that the target
space is a supergravity solution translates into a simple condition on the
R-matrix which enters the definition of the deformation. We further construct
all such non-abelian R-matrices of rank four which solve the homogeneous
classical Yang-Baxter equation for the algebra so(2,4). We argue that the
corresponding backgrounds are equivalent to sequences of non-commuting
TsT-transformations, and verify this explicitly for some of the examples.Comment: 32 pages. Remarks of referee addressed: references and comments
  added. Published versio
Toric Calabi-Yau threefolds as quantum integrable systems. R-matrix and
  RTT relations

R-matrix is explicitly constructed for simplest representations of the
Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra. The calculation is straightforward and significantly
simpler than the one through the universal R-matrix used for a similar
calculation in the Yangian case by A.~Smirnov but less general. We investigate
the interplay between the R-matrix structure and the structure of DIM algebra
intertwiners, i.e.\ of refined topological vertices and show that the R-matrix
is diagonalized by the action of the spectral duality belonging to the SL(2,Z)
group of DIM algebra automorphisms. We also construct the T-operators
satisfying the RTT relations with the R-matrix from refined amplitudes on
resolved conifold. We thus show that topological string theories on the toric
Calabi-Yau threefolds can be naturally interpreted as lattice integrable
models. Integrals of motion for these systems are related to q-deformation of
the reflection matrices of the Liouville/Toda theories.Comment: 31 page
Stabilizing semilocal strings by polarization

Semilocal strings are vortices in the extended Abelian-Higgs model with two
complex Higgs scalar fields among which a global $SU(2)$ symmetry acts. They
are known to be stable (unstable against expansion) in type-I (II)
superconductors, in which gauge field is heavier (lighter) than the Higgs
scalar field. In this paper, we find that vortices can be stabilized in the
whole parameter region including the type-II region by adding a potential term
breaking the $SU(2)$ symmetry. We construct numerical solutions in various
parameters and determine the vortex phase diagram consisting of six phases. In
two phases, a vortex is polarized, that is, split into two half-quantized
vortices with a certain distance, to form a vortex molecule, while in the rests
a vortex is identical to the conventional Abrikosov-Nielsen-Olesen vortex.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figure
The Integral Form of Supergravity

By using integral forms we derive the superspace action of D=3, N=1
supergravity as an integral on a supermanifold. The construction is based on
target space picture changing operators, here playing the role of Poincare'
duals to the lower-dimensional spacetime surfaces embedded into the
supermanifold. We show how the group geometrical action based on the group
manifold approach interpolates between the superspace and the component
supergravity actions, thus providing another proof of their equivalence.Comment: 22 page
Truncated Hilbert space approach to the 2d $\phi^{4}$ theory

We apply the massive analogue of the truncated conformal space approach to
study the two dimensional $\phi^{4}$ theory in finite volume. We focus on the
broken phase and determine the finite size spectrum of the model numerically.
We interpret the results in terms of the Bethe-Yang spectrum, from which we
extract the infinite volume masses and scattering matrices for various
couplings. We compare these results against semiclassical analysis and
perturbation theory. We also analyze the critical point of the model and
confirm that it is in the Ising universality class.Comment: pdflatex, 35 pages with 29 pdf figures. Binary program is also
  attached, run on linux as: phi4 config.dat, v2: typos corrected, comparison
  to other works and references added, vacuum splitting analysis corrected,
  comparison to sine-Gordon TCSA added, v3: improved numerics, analysis on
  excited kink added, critical point investigate
Quantum gravitational corrections for spinning particles

We calculate the quantum corrections to the gauge-invariant gravitational
potentials of spinning particles in flat space, induced by loops of both
massive and massless matter fields of various types. While the corrections to
the Newtonian potential induced by massless conformal matter for spinless
particles are well-known, and the same corrections due to massless minimally
coupled scalars [Class. Quant. Grav. 27 (2010) 245008], massless non-conformal
scalars [Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 104027] and massive scalars, fermions and
vector bosons [Phys. Rev. D 91 (2015) 064047] have been recently derived,
spinning particles receive additional corrections which are the subject of the
present work. We give both fully analytic results valid for all distances from
the particle, and present numerical results as well as asymptotic expansions.
At large distances from the particle, the corrections due to massive fields are
exponentially suppressed in comparison to the corrections from massless fields,
as one would expect. However, a surprising result of our analysis is that close
to the particle itself, on distances comparable to the Compton wavelength of
the massive fields running in the loops, these corrections can be enhanced with
respect to the massless case.Comment: 44 pages, 2 figures. Matches published version. Factor 1/2 for the
  vector contributions correcte
Conformal Symmetry Breaking and Thermodynamics of Near-Extremal Black
  Holes

It has been argued recently by Almheiri and Polchinski that the near-horizon
conformal symmetry of extremal black holes must be broken due to gravitational
backreaction at an IR scale linear in $G_N$. In this paper, we show that this
scale coincides with the so-called `thermodynamic mass gap' of near-extremal
black holes, a scale which signals the breakdown of their thermodynamic
description. We also develop a method which extends the analysis of Almheiri
and Polchinski to more complicated models with extremal throats by studying the
bulk linearized quantum field theory. Moreover, we show how their original
model correctly captures the universal physics of the near-horizon region of
near-extremal black holes at tree level, and conclude that this equivalence of
the conformal breaking and mass gap scale is general.Comment: 33 pages. v2: footnote added. v3: minor changes and reference adde
Matched predictions for the $b\bar{b}H$ cross section at the 13 TeV LHC

We present up-to-date matched predictions for the $b\bar{b}H$ inclusive cross
section at the LHC at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV. Using a previously developed method,
our predictions consistently combine the complete NLO contributions that are
present in the 4-flavor scheme calculation, including finite b-quark mass
effects as well as top-loop induced $Y_b Y_t$ interference contributions, with
the resummation of collinear logarithms of $m_b/m_H$ as present in the 5-flavor
scheme calculation up to NNLO. We provide a detailed estimate of the
perturbative uncertainties of the matched result by examining its dependence on
the factorization and renormalization scales, the scale of the Yukawa coupling,
and also the low b-quark matching scale in the PDFs. We motivate the use of a
central renormalization scale of $m_H$/2, which is halfway between the values
typically chosen in the 4-flavor and 5-flavor scheme calculations. We evaluate
the parametric uncertainties due to the PDFs and the b-quark mass, and in
particular discuss how to systematically disentangle the parametric $m_b$
dependence and the unphysical b-quark matching scale dependence. Our best
prediction for the $b\bar{b} H$ production cross section in the Standard Model
at 13 TeV and for $m_H$ = 125 GeV is $\sigma(b\bar b H) = 0.52 \,{\rm pb}\, [1
\pm 9.6\% {\rm (perturbative)}\,{}^{+2.9\%}_{-3.6\%} {\rm (parametric)}]$. We
also provide predictions for a range of Higgs masses $m_H\in [50, 750]$ GeV.
Our method to compute the matched prediction and to evaluate its uncertainty
can be readily applied to other heavy-quark-initiated processes at the LHC.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Final version published in JHE
NNLL soft and Coulomb resummation for squark and gluino production at
  the LHC

We present predictions for the total cross sections for pair production of
squarks and gluinos at the LHC including a combined NNLL resummation of soft
and Coulomb gluon effects. We derive all terms in the NNLO cross section that
are enhanced near the production threshold, which include contributions from
spin-dependent potentials and so-called annihilation corrections. The NNLL
corrections at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV range from up to $20\%$ for squark-squark
production to $90\%$ for gluino pair production relative to the NLO results and
reduce the theoretical uncertainties of the perturbative calculation to the
$10\%$ level. Grid files with our numerical results are publicly available.Comment: 42 pages, 17 figures. v2: published version; corrected fig. 6;
  generalized eq.(A.5) to arbitrary SU(N) gauge group