pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Optical fibers by butyl methacrylate reactive extrusion

51 p.A process for a poly(butyl methacrylate) optical fibers production by reactive extrusion was developed. The reactive system was adapted to the reduced reaction time in the extruder combining concepts based on the free volume theory and a kinetic model for mass polymerization a butyl methacrylate. A kinetic model was proposed and the reaction evolution was simulated at different temperature and initiator concentration. This allowed the choice of reaction conditions in adequation with reactive extrusion technical limitations. Reactive extrusion experiments were carried out in a twin-screw extruder and the effect of the different kinetic and process conditions on the reaction were analyzed in relation with the residence time distribution measured by an UV fluorescence method. Some optical properties of poly(butyl methacrylate) fibres were reported
Assessment of the Dispersion Quality in Polymer Nanocomposites by Rheological Methods

The properties of filled polymers and nanocomposites are strongly linked to the adequate dispersion of the solid phase into a polymeric matrix. However, obtaining the degree of dispersion within a polymer composite system is far from trivial. Typical methods for microstructural analysis such as electron and optical microscopy or scattering methods only investigate the local microstructure. In addition they are either labor intensive or may yield data that are difficult to analyze. Methods that focus more strongly on the end-use properties, such as conductivity or bulk moduli, offer a global view of the material performance, but are of course post factum. The rheological properties of (nano) particle filled matrices in the molten state offer a cost-effective alternative to evaluate the dispersion quality and can even be used during a production process. Moreover, it does not necessitate optical transparency, adequate scattering contrast, or conductivity. Typically, rheological data have been mainly used in qualitative terms and it is as yet unclear if the quality of dispersion can be quantified. The present work contains a systematic evaluation of methods to characterize the dispersion quality from rheology. Using a well-defined model sample it is shown how the dispersion quality can be assessed quantitatively by studying the viscoelastic properties as a function of volume fraction. Moreover, a novel method is proposed, where the time evolution of the linear and nonlinear rheological properties at a fixed volume fraction is studied and analyzed.status: publishe
Polysulfone/Clay Nanocomposites by in situ Photoinduced Crosslinking Polymerization

Cataloged from PDF version of article.PSU/MMT nanocomposites are prepared by dispersing MMT nanolayers in a PSU matrix via in situ photoinduced crosslinking polymerization. Intercalated methacrylate-functionalized MMT and polysulfone dimethacrylate macromonomer are synthesized independently by esterification. In situ photoinduced crosslinking of the intercalated monomer and the PSU macromonomer in the silicate layers leads to nanocomposites that are formed by individually dispersing inorganic silica nanolayers in the polymer matrix. The morphology of the nanocomposites is investigated by XRD and TEM, which suggests the random dispersion of silicate layers in the PSU matrix. TGA results confirm that the thermal stability and char yield of PSU/MMT nanocomposites increases with the increase of clay loading
Dextrin and conducting polymer containing biocomposites: properties and behavior as cellular matrix

Both α-cyclodextrin and linear dextrin are used to prepare biocomposites with poly(3,4-
ethylenedioxythiophene). Materials are prepared electrochemically in aqueous solution.
Comparison with the pure polymer indicates that the electroactivity and electrostability
decrease with the incorporation of the dextrins while the electrical conductivity is retained. The different properties of the two biocomposites suggest that the linear dextrin is mainly located at the surface, whereas the cyclodextrin is homogeneously distributed in the polymeric matrix. Cell adhesion and proliferation assays indicate that the cellular activity is significantly higher in the dextrin-containing biocomposites.Acknowledgements: Financial support from the MICINN and
FEDER (MAT2009-09138) and Generalitat de Catalunya (research group 2009 SGR 925 and XRQTC) is gratefully acknowledged.
B.T.-D. acknowledges support from the MICINN through an FPI
grant and financial support for his stay at the 3B’s Research Group
(Portugal). The support from project PTDC/FIS/115048/2009 (FCTPortugal)
is also acknowledged. Authors are indebted to Dr. Elaine
Armelin for helpful suggestions and to David Aradilla for
assistance in electrical measures and SEM micrographs. Support
for the research of C.A. was received through the prize ‘‘ICREA
Academia’’ for excellence in research funded by the Generalitat de
Catalunya
Nanostructure evolution mechanisms during slow load-cycling of oriented HDPE/PA microfibrillar blends as a function of composition

Oriented precursors of MFCs consisting of HDPE and PA6 or PA12 are studied during strain-controlled slow load-cycling. In the PA6-containing blends a strongly retarded nanostrain response is detected. Compatibilization induces nanostrain heterogenization. Stress fatigue is lower in the PA12 blends, but hardly decreased by the compatibilizer. Selective migration of the compatibilizer into a disordered semi-crystalline fraction of the HDPE matrix can explain the findings. The semi-crystalline HDPE entities in PA6 blends appear more disordered than in PA12-blends. An analysis of the HDPE nanostructure evolution during cycling reveals epitaxial strain crystallization. Uncompatibilized PA6 blends cycled about high pre-strain show plastic flow but nanoscopic shrinkage in the semi-crystalline stacks.Hamburg Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (HASYLAB)Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) - SFRH/BPD/45252/2008
Manufacturing of surface relief structures in moving substrates using photoembossing and pulsed-interference holography

Photoembossing is a cost-effective technique for the production of complex surface relief structures in a photopolymer film, achieved via contact-mask exposure to UV-light. Here, photoembossing is explored using interference holography with a CW laser and a nanosecond pulsed laser. It is shown that identical surface relief structures are produced if the photopolymer film is kept in a fixed position. In the case of a moving substrate, relief structures are only obtained with the pulsed laser and the heights of the relief structures and their shape are the same as in the static experiments. This illustrates that photoembossing in combination with pulsed laser interference holography is potentially useful in the production of large area structured films using roll-to-roll processes.This work was also partly supported by the Spanish MINECO project MAT2011-27978-C02-02, the ARAID project for Young Researchers, the CSIC project i-LINK0394, Gobierno de Aragón and FEDER funding (EU).Peer Reviewe
Twin-Screw compounding extrusion of Polystyrene (PS)/Multi walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposites with varying process: Comprehensive integration of morphology, interfacial behavior, thermal stability, rheology and electrical resistivity

PS was compounded with MWCNT loadings of 1,2,3,5 and 7.5 wt.% at varying speeds, throughputs and extruder barrel temperatures. High SME inputs at enhanced processing speeds seem to have had the single largest effect in enhancing dispersion. Relative evaluations of PS-MWCNT interaction indicate an interphasial layer growth of 24% for 2 wt.% MWCNT additions at 1100 rpm compared to 18% growth at 500 rpm. Raman analysis does not show MWCNT peak shift when incorporated into PS but a constant increase in FWHM is observed irrespective of the MWCNT content. Significant enhancement in thermal stability occurs up to 2 wt.% MWCNT loading while 1-2 wt.% shows the rheological threshold. A drop in 10 orders of magnitude of volume resistivity is achieved on a 2 wt.% sample processed at 1100 rpm compared to those processed at 500 rpm and these do not differ by much to those achieved with higher MWCNT contents
Piezomorphic materials

The development of stress-induced morphing materials which are described as piezomorphic materials is reported. The development of a piezomorphic material is achieved by introducing spatial dependency into the compliance matrix describing the elastic response of a material capable of undergoing large strain deformation. In other words, it is necessary to produce an elastically gradient material. This is achieved through modification of the microstructure of the compliant material to display gradient topology. Examples of polymeric (polyurethane) foam and microporous polymer (expanded polytetrafluoroethylene) piezomorphic materials are presented here. These materials open up new morphing applications where dramatic shape changes can be triggered by mechanical stress
Challenges in the preparation of optical polymer composites with nanosized pigment particles: A review on recent efforts

Blends of nanosized pigment particles and polymers are widely believed to offer the potential for the design of novel or at least improved materials. This review critically evaluates the recent literature with regard to the following issues: (a) why and how does the size of the particles matter, (b) what are the requirements to create compatibility between amorphous polymers and nanoparticles, (c) carbon allotropes as nanosized pigments, (d) bulk polymerization of monomer/pigment mixtures, (e) interaction of growing chains with the particles in the polymerization, (f) depletion flocculation as a mechanism to counteract homogeneous distribution of the particles in the polymer matrix and ways to suppress the undesirable flocculation, and (g) optical properties of the blends as well as methods of optical characterization.TÜBİTAK TBAG-109T90
PLA/PHBV Films with Improved Mechanical and Gas Barrier Properties

Blending poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with a small amount of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV; 10 wt%) using a custom multilayer co-extrusion process increases both ductility and gas barrier properties of extruded films compared with neat PLA and classical blending methods. The co-extrusion process allows multiplication of the number of alternate layers of PLA and PHBV within a film. It was observed that for a critical number of theoretical layers, PHBV layers are broken into lamellas. A well-developed lamellar morphology, with thin and long lamellas of highly crystalline PHBV in PLA matrix was obtained. A balance between aspect ratio and crystallinity of the lamellas, and their dispersion within the PLA matrix was needed to obtain films with
improved permeability and mechanical properties
On the routines of wild-type silk fibroin processing toward silk-inspired materials: a review

For years, silk fibroin of a domestic silkworm, Bombyx mori, has been recognized as a valuable material and extensively used. In the last decades, new application fields are emerging for this versatile material. Those final, specific applications of silk dictate the way it has been processed in industry and research. This review focuses on the description of various approaches for silk downstream processing in a laboratory scale, that fall within several categories. The detailed description of workflow possibilities from the naturally found material to a finally formulated product is presented. Considerable attention is given to (bio-) chemical approaches of silk fibroin transformation, particularly, to its enzyme-driven modifications. The focus of the current literature survey is exclusively on the methods applied in research and not industry
Utilization of electrospun polystyrene membranes as a preliminary step for rapid diagnosis

Recent advances in clinical practice drive deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as an important class of biomarker. Monitoring the change in their concentration suggests the initiation and/or progression of various disorders. However, low quantity of DNA biomarkers in body fluids requires a delicate isolation methodology that provides efficient separation and easy handling. This study describes a newer-generation separation technology relying on electrospun fibers of sub-micrometer diameter of a commodity polymer for DNA biomarkers in simulative serum. Fibrous polystyrene membranes are prepared by electrospinning and they are subjected to post-modification with Au. The composite membranes may provide a convenient environment for the removal of bovine serum albumin (BSA) from BSA and DNA mixtures. The eluent can be used as an efficient tool for detection of DNA biomarkers associated with diagnosis of numerous life-threatening diseases.FABE
Pointwise multiplication of Besov and Triebel--Lizorkin spaces

It is shown that para-multiplication applies to a certain product $\pi(u,v)$
defined for appropriate temperate distributions $u$ and $v$. Boundedness of
$\pi(\cdot,\cdot)$ is investigated for the anisotropic Besov and
Triebel--Lizorkin spaces, more precisely for $B^{M,s}_{p,q}$ and
$F^{M,s}_{p,q}$ with $s\in\mathbb{R}$ and $p$ and $q\in\,]0,\infty]$, though
$p<\infty$ in the $F$-case. Both generic as well as various borderline cases
are treated. The spaces $B^{M,s_0}_{p_0,q_0}\oplus B^{M,s_1}_{p_1,q_1}$ and
$F^{M,s_0}_{p_0,q_0}\oplus F^{M,s_1}_{p_1,q_1}$ to which $\pi(\cdot,\cdot)$
applies are determined in the case $\max(s_0,s_1)>0$. For generic isotropic
spaces $F^{s_0}_{p_0,q_0}\oplus F^{s_1}_{p_1,q_1}$ the receiving $F^{s}_{p,q}$
spaces are characterised. It is proved that $\pi(f,g)=f\cdot g$ holds for
functions $f$ and $g$ when $f\cdot g$ is locally integrable, roughly speaking.
In addition, $\pi(f,u)=fu$ when $f$ is of polynomial growth and $u$ is
temperate. Moreover, for an arbitrary open set $\Omega$ in Euclidean space, a
product $\pi_\Omega(\cdot,\cdot)$ is defined by lifting to $\mathbb{R}^n$.
Boundedness of $\pi$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$ is shown to carry over to $\pi_\Omega$
in general.Comment: 38 pages. Accepted version of article from 1995. (Final version was
  published by Mathematische Nachrichten.
Representations for the Three-Body T-Matrix, Scattering Matrices and
  Resolvent in Unphysical Energy Sheets

Explicit representations for the Faddeev components of the three-body
T-matrix continued analytically into unphysical sheets of the energy Riemann
surface are formulated. According to the representations, the T-matrix in
unphysical sheets is explicitly expressed in terms of its components taken in
the physical sheet only. The representations for the T-matrix are then used to
construct similar representations for the analytic continuation of the
three-body scattering matrices and the resolvent. Domains on unphysical sheets
are described where the representations obtained can be applied. A method for
finding three-body resonances based on the Faddeev differential equations is
proposed.Comment: LaTeX file of the published version of the pape
Remarks on a theorem of Taskinen on spaces of continuous functions

We clarify and prove in a simpler way a result of Taskinen about symmetric operators on C(K-n), K an uncountable metrizable compact space. To do this we prove that, for any compact space K and any n is an element of N, the symmetric injective n-tensor product of C(K)(&OTIMES;) over cap C-n(s,epsilon)(K), is complemented in C((BC(K)*)), a result of independent interest. The techniques we develop allow us to extend the result in several directions. We also show that the hypothesis of metrizability and uncountability cannot be remove
Hurwitz spaces of quadruple coverings of elliptic curves and the moduli
  space of abelian threefolds A_3(1,1,4)

We prove that the moduli space A_3(1,1,4) of polarized abelian threefolds
with polarization of type (1,1,4) is unirational. By a result of Birkenhake and
Lange this implies the unirationality of the isomorphic moduli space
A_3(1,4,4). The result is based on the study the Hurwitz space H_{4,n}(Y) of
quadruple coverings of an elliptic curve Y simply branched in n points. We
prove the unirationality of its codimension one subvariety H^{0}_{4,A}(Y) which
parametrizes quadruple coverings \pi:X --> Y with Tschirnhausen modules
isomorphic to A^{-1}, where A\in Pic^{n/2}Y, and for which \pi^*:J(Y)--> J(X)
is injective. This is an analog of the result of Arbarello and Cornalba that
the Hurwitz space H_{4,n}(P^1) is unirational.Comment: 28 pages, amslatex, to appear in Mathematische Nachrichte
A calculus for ideal triangulations of three-manifolds with embedded
  arcs

Refining the notion of an ideal triangulation of a compact three-manifold, we
provide in this paper a combinatorial presentation of the set of pairs (M,a),
where M is a three-manifold and a is a collection of properly embedded arcs. We
also show that certain well-understood combinatorial moves are sufficient to
relate to each other any two refined triangulations representing the same
(M,a). Our proof does not assume the Matveev-Pergallini calculus for ideal
triangulations, and actually easily implies this calculus.Comment: 32 pages, 30 figure
On some normability conditions

Various normability conditions of locally convex spaces (including Vogt interpolation classes DN  and  as well as quasi- and asymptotic normability) are investigated. In particular, it is shown that on the class of Schwartz spaces the property of asymptotic normability coincides with the property GS , which is a natural generalization of Gelfand-Shilov countable normability (cf. [9, 25], where the metrizable case was treated). It is observed also that there are certain natural duality relationships among some of normability conditions
Boundary Value Problems on Manifolds with Fibered Boundary

We define a class of boundary value problems on manifolds with fibered
boundary. This class is in a certain sense a deformation between the classical
boundary value problems and the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer problems in subspaces. The
boundary conditions in this theory are taken as elements of the C^*-algebra
generated by pseudodifferential operators and families of pseudodifferential
operators in the fibers. We prove the Fredholm property for elliptic boundary
value problems. This class also contains nonlocal boundary value problems of
math.KT/0108107. We compute a topological obstruction (similar to the
Atiyah-Bott obstruction) to the existence of elliptic boundary conditions for a
given operator. Geometric operators with a nontrivial obstruction are given.Comment: 30 page
Discrete canonical system and non-Abelian Toda lattice: Backlund-Darboux
  transformation and Weyl functions

A version of the iterated B\"acklund-Darboux transformation, where Darboux
matrix takes a form of the transfer matrix function from the system theory, is
constructed for the discrete canonical system and Non-Abelian Toda lattice.
Results on the transformations of the Weyl functions, insertion of the
eigenvalues, and construction of the bound states are obtained. A wide class of
the explicit solutions is given. An application to the semi-infinite block
Jacobi matrices is treated.Comment: Second version: Section on the explicit solutions and results on the
  bound states and insertion of eigenvalues are added, the presentation is
  slightly change
Bernstein-Nikolskii and Plancherel-Polya inequalities in $L_{p}$-norms
  on non-compact symmetric spaces

By using Bernstein-type inequality we define analogs of spaces of entire
functions of exponential type in $L_{p}(X), 1\leq p\leq \infty$, where $X$ is a
symmetric space of non-compact. We give estimates of $L_{p}$-norms, $1\leq
p\leq \infty$, of such functions (the Nikolskii-type inequalities) and also
prove the $L_{p}$- Plancherel-Polya inequalities which imply that our functions
of exponential type are uniquely determined by their inner products with
certain countable sets of measures with compact supports and can be
reconstructed from such sets of "measurements" in a stable way.Comment: Published in Math. Nachr. 282, No. 2, 253 - 269 (2009) / DOI
  10.1002/mana.20051073
On the trace problem for Triebel--Lizorkin spaces with mixed norms

The subject is traces of Sobolev spaces with mixed Lebesgue norms on
Euclidean space. Specifically, restrictions to the hyperplanes given by the
first and last coordinates are applied to functions belonging to
quasi-homogeneous, mixed-norm Lizorkin--Triebel spaces; Sobolev spaces are
obtained from these as special cases. Spaces admitting traces in the
distribution sense are characterised except for the borderline cases; these are
also covered in case of the first variable. With respect to the first variable
the trace spaces are proved to be mixed-norm Lizorkin--Triebel spaces with a
specific sum exponent. For the last variable they are similarly defined Besov
spaces. The treatment includes continuous right-inverses and higher order
traces. The results rely on a sequence version of Nikolskij's inequality,
Marschall's inequality for pseudo-differential operators (and Fourier
multiplier assertions), as well as dyadic ball criteria.Comment: 32 pages. This is the accepted version, with a few unimportant
  misprints corrected. Appeared in Mathmatische Nachrichten in 200
Soliton Solutions of the Toda Hierarchy on Quasi-Periodic Backgrounds
  Revisited

We investigate soliton solutions of the Toda hierarchy on a quasi-periodic
finite-gap background by means of the double commutation method and the inverse
scattering transform. In particular, we compute the phase shift caused by a
soliton on a quasi-periodic finite-gap background. Furthermore, we consider
short range perturbations via scattering theory. We give a full description of
the effect of the double commutation method on the scattering data and
establish the inverse scattering transform in this setting.Comment: 16 page
Closed graph and open mapping theorems for topological ℂ̃-modules and applications

This is the accepted version of the following article: GARETTO, C., 2009. Closed graph and open mapping theorems for topological ℂ̃-modules and applications. Mathematische Nachrichten, 282 (8), pp. 1159 - 1188, which has been published in final form at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mana.200610793We present closed graph and open mapping theorems for ℂ̃-linear maps acting between suitable classes of topological and locally convex topological ℂ̃-modules. This is done by adaptation of De Wilde's theory of webbed spaces and Adasch-Ernst-Keim's theory of barrelled spaces to the context of locally convex and topological ℂ̃-modules, respectively. We give applications of the previous theorems to Colombeau theory as well to the theory of Banach ℂ̃-modules. In particular we obtain a necessary condition for G{script}ς-hypoellipticity on the symbol of a partial differential operator with generalized constant coefficients. © 2009 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Bilinear isometries on subspaces of continuous functions

Let A and B be strongly separating linear subspaces of C0(X) and C0(Y ), respectively, and assume that ∂A ̸= ∅ (∂A stands for the set of generalized peak points for A) and ∂B ≠	∅. Let T : A×B −→ C0(Z) be a bilinear isometry. Then there exist a nonempty subset Z0 of Z, a surjective continuous mapping h : Z0 −→ ∂A × ∂B and a norm-one continuous function a : Z0 −→ K such that T(f,g)(z) = a(z)f(πx(h(z))g(πy(h(z)) for all z ∈ Z0 and every pair (f, g) ∈ A × B. These results can be applied, for example, to non-unital function algebras
The local Tamagawa number conjecture for Hecke characters, II

In this paper we prove the weak local Tamagawa number conjecture for the
remaining non-critical cases for the motives associated to Hecke characters
$\psi_{\theta}:\mathbb{A}_K\to K^*$ of the author's previous paper, where $K$
is an imaginary quadratic field with $cl(K)=1$, under certain restrictions
which originate mainly from the Iwasawa theory of imaginary quadratic fields.Comment: The preprint "The local Tamagawa number conjecture for Hecke
  characters, II", appeared as section 6 of the present manuscript, which
  includes two old prepints of the author, under the joint title "On the
  Tamagawa number conjecture for Hecke characters