pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Gravity Dual of Supersymmetric Renyi Entropy

Supersymmetric Renyi entropies are defined for three-dimensional N=2
superconformal field theories on a branched covering of a three-sphere by using
the localized partition functions. Under a conformal transformation, the
branched covering is mapped to S^1 x H^2, whose gravity dual is the charged
topological AdS_4 black hole. The black hole can be embedded into
four-dimensional N=2 gauged supergravity where the mass and charge are related
so that it preserves half of the supersymmetries. We compute the supersymmetric
Renyi entropies with and without a certain type of Wilson loop operators in the
gravity theory. We find they agree with those of the dual field theories in the
large-N limit.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures; v2: typos correcte
Multi-hadron final states in RPV supersymmetric models with extra
  matters

The gluino mass has been constrained by various search channels at the LHC
experiments and the recent analyses are even sensitive to the cases where
gluinos decay to quarks at the end of the decay chains through the baryonic RPV
operator. We argue that introduction of extra matters, which is partly
motivated by cancelling anomalies of discrete R symmetry, may help to relax the
gluino mass limit when the RPV hadronic gluino decays are considered. In the
scenarios where the extra matter states appear in the gluino decay chains, the
number of decay products increases and each jet becomes soft, making it
difficult to distinguish the signal from backgrounds. We investigate the
sensitivity of existing analyses to such scenarios and demonstrate that the
gluino mass limit can be relaxed if the mass spectrum reconciles the
sensitivities of high $p_T$ jet searches and large jet multiplicity searches.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
The shape of extremal functions for Poincar\'e-Sobolev-type inequalities
  in a ball

We study extremal functions for a family of Poincar\'e-Sobolev-type
inequalities. These functions minimize, for subcritical or critical $p\geq 2$,
the quotient ${\|\nabla u\|_2}/{\|u\|_p}$ among all $u \in
H^1(B)\setminus\{0\}$ with $\int_{B}u=0$. Here $B$ is the unit ball in
$\mathbb{R}^N$. We show that the minimizers are axially symmetric with respect
to a line passing through the origin. We also show that they are strictly
monotone in the direction of this line. In particular, they take their maximum
and minimum precisely at two antipodal points on the boundary of $B$. We also
prove that, for $p$ close to $2$, minimizers are antisymmetric with respect to
the hyperplane through the origin perpendicular to the symmetry axis, and that,
once the symmetry axis is fixed, they are unique (up to multiplication by a
constant). In space dimension two, we prove that minimizers are not
antisymmetric for large $p$
Multivariate orthogonal polynomial and integrable systems

Multivariate orthogonal polynomials in $D$ real dimensions are considered
from the perspective of the Cholesky factorization of a moment matrix. The
approach allows for the construction of corresponding multivariate orthogonal
polynomials, associated second kind functions, Jacobi type matrices and
associated three term relations and also Christoffel-Darboux formul{\ae}. The
multivariate orthogonal polynomials, its second kind functions and the
corresponding Christoffel-Darboux kernels are shown to be quasi-determinants
--as well as Schur complements-- of bordered truncations of the moment matrix;
quasi-tau functions are introduced. It is proven that the second kind functions
are multivariate Cauchy transforms of the multivariate orthogonal polynomials.
Discrete and continuous deformations of the measure lead to Toda type
integrable hierarchy, being the corresponding flows described through Lax and
Zakharov-Shabat equations; bilinear equations are found. Varying size matrix
nonlinear partial difference and differential equations of the 2D Toda lattice
type are shown to be solved by matrix coefficients of the multivariate
orthogonal polynomials. The discrete flows lead to expressions for the
multivariate orthogonal polynomials and its second kind functions in terms of
shifted quasi-tau matrices, which generalize to the multidimensional realm
those that relate the Baker and adjoint Baker functions with ratios of Miwa
shifted $\tau$-functions in the 1D scenario. In this context, the multivariate
extension of the elementary Darboux transformation is given in terms of
quasi-determinants of matrices built up by the evaluation, at a poised set of
nodes lying in an appropriate hyperplane in $\mathbb R^D$, of the multivariate
orthogonal polynomials. The multivariate Christoffel formula for the iteration
of $m$ elementary Darboux transformations is given as a quasi-determinant.Comment: In this third version we correct a typ
Intermediate scalings in holographic RG flows and conductivities

We construct numerically finite density domain-wall solutions which
interpolate between two $AdS_4$ fixed points and exhibit an intermediate regime
of hyperscaling violation, with or without Lifshitz scaling. Such RG flows can
be realized in gravitational models containing a dilatonic scalar and a massive
vector field with appropriate choices of the scalar potential and couplings.
The infrared $AdS_4$ fixed point describes a new ground state for strongly
coupled quantum systems realizing such scalings, thus avoiding the well-known
extensive zero temperature entropy associated with $AdS_2 \times \mathbb{R}^2$.
We also examine the zero temperature behavior of the optical conductivity in
these backgrounds and identify two scaling regimes before the UV CFT scaling is
reached. The scaling of the conductivity is controlled by the emergent IR
conformal symmetry at very low frequencies, and by the intermediate scaling
regime at higher frequencies.Comment: v3: minor changes, version to be published in JHEP. v2: added
  references and clarifications. v1: 35 pages, 7 figure
Enhanced Gauged Symmetry in Type II and F-Theory Compactifications: Dynkin Diagrams from Polyhedra

We explain the observation by Candelas and Font that the Dynkin diagrams of nonabelian gauge groups occurring in type IIA and F-theory can be read off from the polyhedron $\Delta^*$ that provides the toric description of the Calabi--Yau manifold used for compacification. We show how the intersection pattern of toric divisors corresponding to the degeneration of elliptic fibers follows the ADE classification of singularities and the Kodaira classification of degenerations. We treat in detail the cases of elliptic K3 surfaces and K3 fibered threefolds where the fiber is again elliptic. We also explain how even the occurrence of monodromy and non-simply laced groups in the latter case is visible in the toric picture. These methods also work in the fourfold case
From Black Holes to Glueballs: The $QCD_{3}$ Tensor Glueball at Strong Coupling

A strong coupling calculation of glueball masses based on the duality between supergravity and Yang-Mills theory is presented. Earlier work is extended to non-zero spin. Fluctuations in the gravitational metric lead to the 2^{++} state on the leading Pomeron trajectory with a mass relation: m(0^{++}) < m(2^{++}) < m(1^{-+}). Contrary to expectation, the mass of our new 0^{++} state (m^2=5.4573) associated with the graviton is smaller than the mass of the ${\tilde 0}^{++}$ state (m^2=11.588) from the dilaton, which in fact is exactly degenerate with the tensor 2^{++}
The longitudinal asymmetry of the $(e,e'p)$ missing momentum
  distribution as a signal of color transparency

We use multiple scattering theory to evaluate the $Q^{2}$ dependence
  of the forward-backward asymmetry, $A_{z}$, of the missing momentum
distribution in quasielstic $A(e,e'p)$ scattering, which is expected to be
affected by color transparency. The novel features of our analysis are a
consistent treatment of the structure of the ejectile state formed after
absorption of the virtual photon by the struck proton and a careful evaluation
of the background asymmetry induced by the nonvanishing real part of the
proton-nucleon scattering amplitude. We find that the absolute magnitude of
$A_{z}$ is dominated by this background at the $Q^{2}$'s attainable at the
Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility. However, the $Q^{2}$ dependence
of the asymmetry is sensitive to the onset of color transparency, whose
observation in high statistics experiments appears to be feasible, particularly
using light targets such as $^{12}C$ or $^{16}O$.Comment: 12 pages and 2 figures. Figures are available on reques
Contesting climate justice in the city: examining politics and practice in urban climate change experiments

Debates about climate justice have mainly occurred at the international scale, and have focussed on the rights and responsibilities of nation-states to either be protected from the effects of climate change, or to take action to reduce emissions or support adaptation. In this paper, we argue that it is both productive and necessary to examine how climate justice is being pursued at the urban scale, which brings into focus the need for attention to issues of recognition as well as rights and responsibilities. Building on work from environmental justice, which has conceptualized justice as trivalent, we propose that climate justice can be understood as a pyramid, the faces of which are distributions, procedures, rights, responsibilities and recognition. We then apply this conceptual framework to examine climate change interventions in five cities; Bangalore, Monterrey, Hong Kong, Philadelphia and Berlin. Arguing that the politics and practices of urban climate change interventions are constantly engaging with and refracting the idea of justice, we examine how justice was articulated, practiced and contested across our cases. The perspective of recognition emerges as a particularly useful entry point through which to explore the types of rights, responsibilities, distributions and procedures required to respond justly to climate change. We conclude by reflecting on our framework, arguing that it is useful both as an analytical device to interrogate climate justice and to shape the design of climate change interventions which seek to ensure climate justice
Lumpy AdS$\bf{_5\times}$ S$\bf{^5}$ Black Holes and Black Belts

Sufficiently small Schwarzschild black holes in global AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ are
Gregory-Laflamme unstable. We construct new families of black hole solutions
that bifurcate from the onset of this instability and break the full SO$(6)$
symmetry group of the S$^5$ down to SO$(5)$. These new "lumpy" solutions are
labelled by the harmonics $\ell$. We find evidence that the $\ell = 1$ branch
never dominates the microcanonical/canonical ensembles and connects through a
topology-changing merger to a localised black hole solution with S$^8$
topology. We argue that these S$^8$ black holes should become the dominant
phase in the microcanonical ensemble for small enough energies, and that the
transition to Schwarzschild black holes is first order. Furthermore, we find
two branches of solutions with $\ell = 2$. We expect one of these branches to
connect to a solution containing two localised black holes, while the other
branch connects to a black hole solution with horizon topology $\mathrm
S^4\times\mathrm S^4$ which we call a "black belt".Comment: 20 pages (plus 17 pages for Appendix on Kaluza-Klein Holography), 14
  figure
$v_4$, $v_5$, $v_6$, $v_7$: nonlinear hydrodynamic response versus LHC
  data

Higher harmonics of anisotropic flow ($v_n$ with $n\ge 4$) in heavy-ion
collisions can be measured either with respect to their own plane, or with
respect to a plane constructed using lower-order harmonics. We explain how such
measurements are related to event-plane correlations. We show that CMS data on
$v_4$ and $v_6$ are compatible with ATLAS data on event-plane correlations. If
one assumes that higher harmonics are the superposition of non-linear and
linear responses, then the linear and non-linear parts can be isolated under
fairly general assumptions. By combining analyses of higher harmonics with
analyses of $v_2$ and $v_3$, one can eliminate the uncertainty from initial
conditions and define quantities that only involve nonlinear hydrodynamic
response coefficients. Experimental data on $v_4$, $v_5$ and $v_6$ are in good
agreement with hydrodynamic calculations. We argue that $v_7$ can be measured
with respect to elliptic and triangular flow. We present predictions for $v_7$
versus centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC.Comment: 7 pages and 3 figure
A First Comparison of the responses of a He4-based fast-neutron detector
  and a NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference detector

A first comparison has been made between the pulse-shape discrimination
characteristics of a novel $^{4}$He-based pressurized scintillation detector
and a NE-213 liquid-scintillator reference detector using an Am/Be mixed-field
neutron and gamma-ray source and a high-resolution scintillation-pulse
digitizer. In particular, the capabilities of the two fast neutron detectors to
discriminate between neutrons and gamma-rays were investigated. The NE-213
liquid-scintillator reference cell produced a wide range of scintillation-light
yields in response to the gamma-ray field of the source. In stark contrast, due
to the size and pressure of the $^{4}$He gas volume, the $^{4}$He-based
detector registered a maximum scintillation-light yield of 750~keV$_{ee}$ to
the same gamma-ray field. Pulse-shape discrimination for particles with
scintillation-light yields of more than 750~keV$_{ee}$ was excellent in the
case of the $^{4}$He-based detector. Above 750~keV$_{ee}$ its signal was
unambiguously neutron, enabling particle identification based entirely upon the
amount of scintillation light produced.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics
  Research Section A review addresse
Tunable light-matter interaction and the role of hyperbolicity in
  graphene-hBN system

Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a natural hyperbolic material which can also
accommodate highly dispersive surface phonon-polariton modes. In this paper, we
examine theoretically the mid-infrared optical properties of graphene-hBN
heterostructures derived from their coupled plasmon-phonon modes. We found that
the graphene plasmon couples differently with the phonons of the two
Reststrahlen bands, owing to their different hyperbolicity. This also leads to
distinctively different interaction between an external quantum emitter and the
plasmon-phonon modes in the two bands, leading to substantial modification of
its spectrum. The coupling to graphene plasmons allows for additional gate
tunability in the Purcell factor, and narrow dips in its emission spectra
Holographic Entanglement Entropy in 2D Holographic Superconductor via
  $AdS_3/CFT_2$

The aim of the present letter is to find the holographic entanglement entropy
(HEE) in 2D holographic superconductors (HSC). Indeed, it is possible to
compute the exact form of this entropy due to an advantage of approximate
solutions inside normal and superconducting phases with backreactions. By
making the UV and IR limits applied to the integrals, an approximate expression
for HEE is obtained. In case the software cannot calculate minimal surface
integrals analytically, it offers the possibility to proceed with a numerical
evaluation of the corresponding terms. We'll understand how the area formula
incorporates the structure of the domain wall approximation. We see that HEE
changes linearly with belt angle. It's due to the extensivity of this type of
entropy and the emergent of an entropic force. We find that the wider belt
angle corresponds to a larger holographic surface. Another remarkable
observation is that no "confinement/deconfinement" phase transition point
exists in our $2D$ dual field theory. Furthermore we observe that the slope of
the HEE with respect to the temperature freedom(s) in low temperature system. A
first order phase transition is detected near the critical point.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physics Letters
26Al kinematics: superbubbles following the spiral arms? Constraints
  from the statistics of star clusters and HI supershells

High energy resolution spectroscopy of the 1.8 MeV radioactive decay line of
26Al with the SPI instrument on board the INTEGRAL satellite has recently
revealed that diffuse 26Al has large velocities in comparison to other
components of the interstellar medium in the Milky Way. 26Al shows Galactic
rotation in the same sense as the stars and other gas tracers, but reaches
excess velocities up to 300 km/s. We investigate if this result can be
understood in the context of superbubbles, taking into account the statistics
of young star clusters and H I supershells, as well as the association of young
star clusters with spiral arms. We derive energy output and 26Al mass of star
clusters as a function of the cluster mass via population synthesis from
stellar evolutionary tracks of massive stars. [...] We link this to the size
distribution of HI supershells and assess the properties of likely
26Al-carrying superbubbles. 26Al is produced by star clusters of all masses
above about 200 solar masses, roughly equally contributed over a logarithmic
star cluster mass scale, and strongly linked to the injection of feedback
energy. The observed superbubble size distribution cannot be related to the
star cluster mass function in a straight forward manner. In order to avoid that
the added volume of all superbubbles exceeds the volume of the Milky Way,
individual superbubbles have to merge frequently. If any two superbubbles
merge, or if 26Al is injected off-centre in a bigger HI supershell we expect
the hot 26Al-carrying gas to obtain velocities of the order of the typical
sound speed in superbubbles, about 300 km/s before decay. [...]Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for A&
Oscillations above the barrier in the fusion of 28Si + 28Si

Fusion cross sections of 28Si + 28Si have been measured in a range above the
barrier with a very small energy step (DeltaElab = 0.5 MeV). Regular
oscillations have been observed, best evidenced in the first derivative of the
energy-weighted excitation function. For the first time, quite different
behaviors (the appearance of oscillations and the trend of sub-barrier cross
sections) have been reproduced within the same theoretical frame, i.e., the
coupled-channel model using the shallow M3Y+repulsion potential. The
calculations suggest that channel couplings play an important role in the
appearance of the oscillations, and that the simple relation between a peak in
the derivative of the energy-weighted cross section and the height of a
centrifugal barrier is lost, and so is the interpretation of the second
derivative of the excitation function as a barrier distribution for this
system, at energies above the Coulomb barrier.Comment: submitted to Physics Letters
Hydrodynamics of the Chiral Dirac Spectrum

We derive a hydrodynamical description of the eigenvalues of the chiral Dirac
spectrum in the vacuum and in the large $N$ (volume) limit. The linearized
hydrodynamics supports sound waves. The stochastic relaxation of the
eigenvalues is captured by a hydrodynamical instanton configuration which
follows from a pertinent form of Euler equation. The relaxation from a phase of
localized eigenvalues and unbroken chiral symmetry to a phase of de-localized
eigenvalues and broken chiral symmetry occurs over a time set by the speed of
sound. We show that the time is $\Delta \tau=\pi\rho(0)/2\beta N$ with
$\rho(0)$ the spectral density at zero virtuality and $\beta=1,2,4$ for the
three Dyson ensembles that characterize QCD with different quark
representations in the ergodic regime.Comment: 6 page
Probing Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{S_{NN}}=2760$ GeV with spectators

There is event by event geometric as well as quantum fluctuations in the
initial condition of heavy-ion collisions. The standard technique of analysing
heavy-ion collisions in bins of centrality obtained from final state
multiplicity averages out the various initial configurations and thus restricts
the study to only a limited range of initial conditions. In this paper, we
propose an additional binning in terms of total spectator neutrons in an event.
This offers us a key control parameter to probe events with broader range of
initial conditions providing us an opportunity to peep into events with rarer
initial conditions which otherwise get masked when analysed by centrality
binning alone. We find that the inclusion of spectator binning allows one to
vary $\varepsilon_2$ and $\varepsilon_3$ independently. We observe that the
standard scaling relation between $\displaystyle{v_2/\varepsilon_2}$ and
$\frac{1}{S}\frac{dN_{\text{ch}}}{d\eta}$ exhibited by centrality bins is
broken by the spectator neutron bins. However, the acoustic scaling relation
between $\displaystyle{\ln\left( v_n/\varepsilon_n\right)}$ and transverse
system size holds for both centrality as well as spectator bins for central to
mid-central collisions. The introduction of the spectator binning allows us to
tune over a wide range viscosity driven effects for events with varying initial
states but similar final state multiplicity.Comment: version accepted for publication to Physics Letters
Regulation of caspase-3 processing by cIAP2 controls the switch between pro-inflammatory activation and cell death in microglia.

Cell Death and Disease is an open-access journal published by Nature Publishing Group. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the articleâ\u80\u99s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons licence, users will need to obtain permission from the licence holder to reproduce the material.The activation of microglia, resident immune cells of the central nervous system, and inflammation-mediated neurotoxicity are typical features of neurodegenerative diseases, for example, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. An unexpected role of caspase-3, commonly known to have executioner role for apoptosis, was uncovered in the microglia activation process. A central question emerging from this finding is what prevents caspase-3 during the microglia activation from killing those cells? Caspase-3 activation occurs as a two-step process, where the zymogen is first cleaved by upstream caspases, such as caspase-8, to form intermediate, yet still active, p19/p12 complex; thereafter, autocatalytic processing generates the fully mature p17/p12 form of the enzyme. Here, we show that the induction of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2 (cIAP2) expression upon microglia activation prevents the conversion of caspase-3 p19 subunit to p17 subunit and is responsible for restraining caspase-3 in terms of activity and subcellular localization. We demonstrate that counteracting the repressive effect of cIAP2 on caspase-3 activation, using small interfering RNA targeting cIAP2 or a SMAC mimetic such as the BV6 compound, reduced the pro-inflammatory activation of microglia cells and promoted their death. We propose that the different caspase-3 functions in microglia, and potentially other cell types, reside in the active caspase-3 complexes formed. These results also could indicate cIAP2 as a possible therapeutic target to modulate microglia pro-inflammatory activation and associated neurotoxicity observed in neurodegenerative disorders