pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Diffeomorphisms from finite triangulations and absence of 'local'
  degrees of freedom

If the diffeomorphism symmetry of general relativity is fully implemented
into a path integral quantum theory, the path integral leads to a partition
function which is an invariant of smooth manifolds. We comment on the physical
implications of results on the classification of smooth and piecewise-linear
4-manifolds which show that the partition function can already be computed from
a triangulation of space-time. Such a triangulation characterizes the topology
and the differentiable structure, but is completely unrelated to any physical
cut-off. It can be arbitrarily refined without affecting the physical
predictions and without increasing the number of degrees of freedom
proportionally to the volume. Only refinements at the boundary have a physical
significance as long as the experimenters who observe through this boundary,
can increase the resolution of their measurements. All these are consequences
of the symmetries. The Planck scale cut-off expected in quantum gravity is
rather a dynamical effect.Comment: 4 pages, RevTeX with combined PicTeX/postscript figures; v2:
  presentation improved, typos correcte
Cohomogeneity-one Einstein-Weyl structures : a local approach

We analyse in a systematic way the (non-)compact n-dimensional Einstein Weyl
spaces equipped with a cohomogeneity-one metric. With no compactness
hypothesis, we prove that, as soon as the (n-1)-dimensional space is an
homogeneous reductive Riemannian space with an unimodular group of left-acting
isometries G
  1)a non-exact Einstein-Weyl stucture may exist only if the (n-1)-dimensional
homogeneous space G/H contains a non trivial subgroup H' that commutes with the
isotropy subgroup H,
  2) the extra isometry due to this Killing vector corresponds to the
right-action of one of the generators of the algebra of the subgroup H'.
  We also prove that the subclass with a one-dimensional subgroup H'
corresponds to n-dimensional Riemannian locally conformally K\"ahler metrics,
the (n-2)-dimensional space G/(HxH') being an arbitrary compact symmetric
K\"ahler coset space.Comment: 36 pages, Latex file, corrections in some definitions and
  terminology, no change in results, final version to appear in `` Journal of
  Geometry and Physics
Supersymmetric structure of spacetime and matter -superon-graviton
  model-

A unified description of spacetime and matter is proposed by using a single
irreducible representation of SO(10) Super-Poincare algebra(SO(10)SPA). All
(observed) elementary particles except the graviton are the (massless)
eigenstates of SO10)SPA composed of fundamental Nambu-Goldstone fermions with
spin 1/2, superons, associating with the spontaneous breakdown of the
supertranslation of the spacetime. The systematic investigations of the
standard model(SM) and SU(5)GUT by using superon diagrams may reveal the
generation structure, the stability of the proton, K-, B-, D- mixings,
CP-violation, the atmospheric and solar neutrino deficits and the absence of
the electroweak lepton-flavor-mixing. The fundamental action of the
superon-graviton model(SGM) for spacetime and matter is proposed, which is
invariant under a new supersymmetry.Comment: 15 pages, Late
Fermion masses and mixings in a renormalizable SO(10) x Z_2 GUT

We investigate a scenario in a supersymmetric SO(10) Grand Unified Theory in
which the fermion mass matrices are generated by renormalizable Yukawa
couplings of the $\mathbf{10} \oplus \mathbf{120} \oplus \bar{\mathbf{126}}$
representation of scalars. We reduce the number of parameters by assuming
spontaneous CP violation and a $\mathbbm{Z}_2$ family symmetry, leading to nine
real Yukawa coupling constants for three families. Since in the ``minimal SUSY
SO(10) GUT'' an intermediate seesaw scale is ruled out and our scenario lives
in the natural extension of this theory by the $\mathbf{120}$, we identify the
vacuum expectation value (VEV) $w_R$ of $(\mathbf{10}, \mathbf{1}, \mathbf{3})
\in \bar{\mathbf{126}}$ with the GUT scale of $2 \times 10^{16}$ GeV. In order
to obtain sufficiently large neutrino masses, the coupling matrix of the scalar
$\bar{\mathbf{126}}$ is necessarily small and we neglect type II seesaw
contributions to the light-neutrino mass matrix. We perform a numerical
analysis of this 21-parameter scenario and find an excellent fit to
experimentally known fermion masses and mixings. We discuss the properties of
our numerical solution, including a consistency check for the VEVs of the
Higgs-doublet components in the SO(10) scalar multiplets.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure; material, clarifications and references added,
  final version for Phys. Lett.
Master Formula for Twist-3 Soft-Gluon-Pole Mechanism to Single
  Transverse-Spin Asymmetry

Perturbative QCD relates the single transverse-spin asymmetries (SSAs) for
hard processes at large transverse-momentum of produced particle to partonic
matrix elements that describe interference between scattering from a coherent
quark-gluon pair and from a single quark, generated through twist-3 quark-gluon
correlations inside a hadron. When the coherent gluon is soft at the gluonic
poles, its coupling to partonic subprocess can be systematically disentangled,
so that the relevant interfering amplitude can be derived entirely from the
Born diagrams for the scattering from a single quark. We establish a new
formula that represents the exact rules to derive the SSA due to soft-gluon
poles from the knowledge of the twist-2 cross section formula for unpolarized
processes. This single master formula is applicable to a range of processes
like Drell-Yan and direct-photon production, and semi-inclusive deep inelastic
scattering, and is also useful to manifest the gauge invariance of the results.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures; [v2] a paragraph with new Eq. (30) added, minor
  modifications, typos corrected; [v3] Erratum added, and minor change
About Fermion Hierarchies from Warped Extra Dimensions

We consider fermions propagating in the bulk of the geometry found by
deforming AdS, in 5 dimensions, via the back reaction of a scalar field upon
the metric. This space is AdS for r asymptotically large (in the UV) but goes
through a transition at a point, into another AdS space with different
curvature in the IR. Masses are generated for these fermions via electroweak
symmetry breaking, by coupling them to a VEV on the IR boundary. We calculate
the mass spectrum in four dimensions, comparing approximate results and results
found by solving the full system of bulk equations and boundary conditions. We
consider the effect on the mass of the light modes of various parameters,
including the curvature of the space in the IR. This information is then used
to reproduce the mass hierarchy between the top and bottom. By assuming
universality of the gauge coupling, we find bounds on the allowed bulk masses
of the right--handed fermion fields. We look for solutions that satisfy these
bounds in a number of different scenarios and find that, for given choices of
the other parameters in this model, the IR curvature has a significant
influence on whether these bounds can be satisfied or not.Comment: 34 pages, 16 figures. References added. Some major revisions - paper
  restructured, new section concerning the S parameter added. All of the
  previous physics remains unchange
Factorization of Radiative Leptonic Decays of $B^-$ and $D^-$ Mesons

In this work, we study the factorization of the radiative leptonic decays of
$B^-$ and $D^-$ mesons, the contributions of the order $O(\Lambda _{\rm
QCD}\left/m_Q\right.)$ are taken into account. The factorization is proved to
be valid explicitly at the order $O(\alpha _s\Lambda _{\rm
QCD}\left/m_Q\right.)$. The hard kernel is obtained. The numerical results are
calculated using the wave-function obtained in relativistic potential model.
The $O(\Lambda _{\rm QCD}\left/m_Q\right.)$ contribution is found to be very
important, the correction to the decay amplitudes of $B^-\to \gamma e\bar{\nu}$
is about $20\% - 30\%$. For $D$ mesons, the $O(\Lambda _{\rm
QCD}\left/m_Q\right.)$ contributions are more important.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures. Version to appear in Nucl. Phys.
Neutron stars - thermal emitters

Confronting theoretical models with observations of thermal radiation emitted
by neutron stars is one of the most important ways to understand the properties
of both, superdense matter in the interiors of the neutron stars and dense
magnetized plasmas in their outer layers. Here we review the theory of thermal
emission from the surface layers of strongly magnetized neutron stars, and the
main properties of the observational data. In particular, we focus on the
nearby sources for which a clear thermal component has been detected, without
being contaminated by other emission processes (magnetosphere, accretion,
nebulae). We also discuss the applications of the modern theoretical models of
the formation of spectra of strongly magnetized neutron stars to the observed
thermally emitting objects.Comment: 39 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, invited topical review, in The
  Strongest Magnetic Fields in the Universe, ed. V.S. Beskin et al. (Space
  Sciences Series of ISSI, Springer). In v2, Eq.(7) is corrected. In v.3, a
  typo in Eq.(38) is fixed and references update
On the geometry of moduli space of vacua in N = 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory

We consider generic properties of the moduli space of vacua in N=2 supersymmetric Yang--Mills theory recently studied by Seiberg and Witten. We find, on general grounds, Picard--Fuchs type of differential equations expressing the existence of a flat holomorphic connection, which for one parameter (i.e. for gauge group G=SU(2)), are second order equations. In the case of coupling to gravity (as in string theory), where also ``gravitational'' electric and magnetic monopoles are present, the electric--magnetic S duality, due to quantum corrections, does not seem any longer to be related to Sl(2,\IZ) as for N=4 supersymmetric theory.We consider generic properties of the moduli space of vacua in $N=2$ supersymmetric Yang--Mills theory recently studied by Seiberg and Witten. We find, on general grounds, Picard--Fuchs type of differential equations expressing the existence of a flat holomorphic connection, which for one parameter (i.e. for gauge group $G=SU(2)$), are second order equations. In the case of coupling to gravity (as in string theory), where also ``gravitational'' electric and magnetic monopoles are present, the electric--magnetic S duality, due to quantum corrections, does not seem any longer to be related to $Sl(2,\IZ)$ as for $N=4$ supersymmetric theory.We consider generic properties of the moduli space of vacua in N = 2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory recently studied 4by Seiberg and Witten. We find, on general grounds, Picard-Fuchs type of differential equations expressing the existence of a flat holomorphic connection, which for one parameter (i.e. for gauge group G = SU (2)), are second order equations. In the case of coupling to gravity (as in string theory), where also “gravitational” dyons are present, the electric-magnetic S duality, due to quantum corrections, does not seem any longer to be directly related to Sl(2, Z ) as for N = 4 supersymmetric theory.We consider generic properties of the moduli space of vacua in $N=2$ supersymmetric Yang--Mills theory recently studied by Seiberg and Witten. We find, on general grounds, Picard--Fuchs type of differential equations expressing the existence of a flat holomorphic connection, which for one parameter (i.e. for gauge group $G=SU(2)$), are second order equations. In the case of coupling to gravity (as in string theory), where also ``gravitational'' electric and magnetic monopoles are present, the electric--magnetic S duality, due to quantum corrections, does not seem any longer to be related to $Sl(2,\mathbb{Z})$ as for $N=4$ supersymmetric theory
Scattering of Solitons in Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Model

We show that the chiral soliton model recently introduced by Aglietti et al. can be made integrable by adding an attractive potential with a fixed coefficient. The modified model is equivalent to the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger model which does not possess parity and Galilean invariance. We obtain explicit one and two classical soliton solutions and show that in the weak coupling limit, they correctly reproduce the bound state energy as well as the time delay of two-body quantum mechanics of the model
deSitter brane universeinduced by phantom and quantum effects

Five-dimensional braneworld cosmology with deSitter (inflationary) brane
universe induced by classical and quantum matter is discussed. It is shown that
negative energy phantom field with quantum CFT supports the creation of
deSitter universe. On the same time, pure phantom or dust with quantum effects,
or Chaplygin gas with quantum effects may naturally lead to the occurence of
Anti-deSitter brane universe but not deSitter one. It is also interesting that
unlike to four-dimensional gravity, for phantom with (or without) quantum
contribution the standard cosmological energy conditions may be effectively
satisfied.Comment: LaTeX file, 11 pages, minor changes, version to appear in PL
Statistical Properties of Schr\"odinger Real and Imaginary Cat States

We study the Photon statistics in the superpositions of coherent states
$|\alpha\rangle$ and $|\alpha^*\rangle$ named ``Schr\"odinger real and
imaginary cat states''. The oscillatory character of photon distribution
function (PDF) emerging due to the quantum interference between the two
components is shown, and the phenomenon of the quadrature squeezing is observed
for the moderate values of $|\alpha|\sim 1$. Despite the quantity
${\langle\triangle n^2\rangle}/{\langle n\rangle}$ tends to the unit value
(like in the Poissonian PDF) at $|\alpha|\gg 1$, the photon statistics is
essentially non-Poissonian for all values of $|\alpha|$. The factorial moments
and cumulants of the PDF are calculated, and the oscillations of their ratio
are demonstrated.Comment: 13 pages, LaTE
Effective Scalar Products for D-finite Symmetric Functions

Many combinatorial generating functions can be expressed as combinations of
symmetric functions, or extracted as sub-series and specializations from such
combinations. Gessel has outlined a large class of symmetric functions for
which the resulting generating functions are D-finite. We extend Gessel's work
by providing algorithms that compute differential equations these generating
functions satisfy in the case they are given as a scalar product of symmetric
functions in Gessel's class. Examples of applications to k-regular graphs and
Young tableaux with repeated entries are given. Asymptotic estimates are a
natural application of our method, which we illustrate on the same model of
Young tableaux. We also derive a seemingly new formula for the Kronecker
product of the sum of Schur functions with itself.Comment: 51 pages, full paper version of FPSAC 02 extended abstract; v2:
  corrections from original submission, improved clarity; now formatted for
  journal + bibliograph
Thermodynamics of static dyonic AdS black holes in the $\omega$-deformed
  Kaluza-Klein gauged supergravity theory

We study thermodynamical properties of static dyonic AdS black holes in
four-dimensional $\omega$-deformed Kaluza-Klein gauged supergravity theory, and
find that the differential first law requires a modification via introducing a
new pair of thermodynamical conjugate variables (X, Y). To ensure such a
modification, we then apply the quasi-local ADT formalism developed in Ref.
[20] to calculate the quasi-local conserved charge and identify that the new
pair is precisely the one previously introduced to modify the differential form
of first law.Comment: 13 pages, no figure, elsarticle.cls, updated version to match with
  the published pape
Photoproduction of {\omega} Mesons off the Proton

The differential cross sections and unpolarized spin-density matrix elements
for the reaction $\gamma p\to p\omega$ were measured using the CBELSA/TAPS
experiment for initial photon energies ranging from the reaction threshold to
2.5 GeV. These observables were measured from the radiative decay of the
$\omega$ meson, $\omega\to\pi^0\gamma$. The cross sections cover the full
angular range and show the full extent of the $t$-channel forward rise. The
overall shape of the angular distributions in the differential cross sections
and unpolarized spin-density matrix elements are in fair agreement with
previous data. In addition, for the first time, a beam of linearly-polarized
tagged photons in the energy range from 1150 MeV to 1650 MeV was used to
extract polarized spin-density matrix elements.
  These data were included in the Bonn-Gatchina partial wave analysis (PWA).
The dominant contribution to $\omega$ photoproduction near threshold was found
to be the $3/2^+$ partial wave, which is primarily due to the sub-threshold
$N(1720)\,3/2^+$ resonance. At higher energies, pomeron-exchange was found to
dominate whereas $\pi$-exchange remained small. These $t$-channel contributions
as well as further contributions from nucleon resonances were necessary to
describe the entire dataset: the $1/2^-$, $3/2^-$, and $5/2^+$ partial waves
were also found to contribute significantly.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters
IceCube Events from Heavy DM decays through the Right-handed Neutrino
  Portal

The recently observed IceCube PeV events could be due to heavy dark matter
(DM) decay. In this paper, we propose a simple DM model with extra $U(1)_X$
gauge symmetry and bridge it with standard model particles through heavy
right-handed neutrino. The Dirac fermion DM $\chi$ with mass ~5 PeV can
dominantly decay into a dark Higgs ($\phi$), the SM Higgs ($h$) and a neutrino
($\nu$). If the lifetime of $\chi$ is ~O($10^{28}$) sec, the resulting neutrino
flux can fit data consistently. The neutrino flux from $\chi \rightarrow \phi h
\nu$ in our model is softer than the one predicted from $\chi \rightarrow \nu
h$, for example. We also discuss a possible mechanism to produce DM with the
right relic abundance.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, references added, minor changes, published
  versio
Candels+3D-HST: compact SFGs at z ∼ 2-3, the progenitors of the first quiescent galaxies

We analyze the star-forming and structural properties of 45 massive (log(M/M_) > 10) compact star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at 2 < z < 3 to explore whether they are progenitors of compact quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 2. The optical/NIR and far-IR Spitzer/Herschel colors indicate that most compact SFGs are heavily obscured. Nearly half (47%) host an X-ray-bright active galactic nucleus (AGN). In contrast, only about 10% of other massive galaxies at that time host AGNs. Compact SFGs have centrally concentrated light profiles and spheroidal morphologies similar to quiescent galaxies and are thus strikingly different from other SFGs, which typically are disk-like and sometimes clumpy or irregular.Most compact SFGs lie either within the star formation rate (SFR)–mass main sequence (65%) or below it (30%), on the expected evolutionary path toward quiescent galaxies. These results show conclusively that galaxies become more compact before they lose their gas and dust, quenching star formation. Using extensive HST photometry from CANDELS and grism spectroscopy from the 3D-HST survey, we model their stellar populations with either exponentially declining (τ ) star formation histories (SFHs) or physically motivated SFHs drawn from semianalytic models (SAMs). SAMs predict longer formation timescales and older ages ∼2 Gyr, which are nearly twice as old as the estimates of the τ models. Both models yield good spectral energy distribution fits, indicating that the systematic uncertainty in the age due to degeneracies in the SFH is of that order of magnitude. However, SAM SFHs better match the observed slope and zero point of the SFR–mass main sequence. Contrary to expectations, some low-mass compact SFGs (log(M/M_) = 10–10.6) have younger ages but lower specific SFRs than that of more massive galaxies, suggesting that the low-mass galaxies reach the red sequence faster. If the progenitors of  compact SFGs are extended SFGs, state-of-the-art SAMs show that mergers and disk instabilities (DIs) are both able to shrink galaxies, but DIs are more frequent (60% versus 40%) and form more concentrated galaxies. We confirm this result via high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations
The Default Mode Network is functionally and structurally disrupted in amnestic mild cognitive impairment - A bimodal MEG-DTI study

Over the past years, several studies on Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have reported Default Mode Network (DMN) deficits. This network is attracting increasing interest in the AD community, as it seems to play an important role in cognitive functioning and in beta amyloid deposition. Attention has been particularly drawn to how different DMN regions are connected using functional or structural connectivity. To this end, most studies have used functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) or Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI). In this study we evaluated (1) functional connectivity from resting state magnetoencephalography (MEG) and (2) structural connectivity from DTI in 26 MCI patients and 31 age-matched controls. Compared to controls, the DMN in the MCI group was functionally disrupted in the alpha band, while no differences were found for delta, theta, beta and gamma frequency bands. In addition, structural disconnection could be assessed through a decreased fractional anisotropy along tracts connecting different DMN regions. This suggests that the DMN functional and anatomical disconnection could represent a core feature of MCI. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc
Observations of the magnetars 4U 0142+61 and 1E 2259+586 with the MAGIC telescopes

Magnetars are an extreme, highly magnetized class of isolated neutron stars whose large X-ray luminosity is believed to be driven by their high magnetic field. In this work we study for the first time the possible very high energy gamma-ray emission above 100 GeV from magnetars, observing the sources 4U 0142+61 and 1E 2259+586. We observed the two sources with atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes in the very high energy range (E &gt; 100 GeV). 4U 0142+61 was observed with the MAGIC I telescope in 2008 for ~25 h and 1E 2259+586 was observed with the MAGIC stereoscopic system in 2010 for ~14 h. The data were analyzed with the standard MAGIC analysis software. Neither magnetar was detected. Upper limits to the differential and integral flux above 200 GeV were computed using the Rolke algorithm. We obtain integral upper limits to the flux of 1.52*10^-12cm^-2 s^-1 and 2.7*10^-12cm^-2 s^-1 with a confidence level of 95% for 4U 0142+61 and 1E 2259+586, respectively. The resulting differential upper limits are presented together with X-ray data and upper limits in the GeV energy range
Ds+ meson production at central rapidity in proton– proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

The pT-differential inclusive production cross section of the prompt charm-strange meson D+s in the rapidity range |y| &lt; 0.5 was measured in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The analysis was performed on a data sample of 2.98 × 10^8 events collected with a minimum-bias trigger. The corresponding integrated luminosity is Lint = 4.8 nb^−1. Reconstructing the decay D+s → φπ+, with φ → K−K+, and its charge conjugate, about 480 D± s mesons were counted, after selection cuts, in the transverse momentum range 2 &lt; pT &lt; 12 GeV/c. The results are compared with predictions from models based on perturbative QCD. The ratios of the cross sections of four D meson species (namely D0, D+, D∗+ and D+s ) were determined both as a function of pT and integrated over pT after extrapolating to full pT range, together with the strangeness suppression factor in charm fragmentation. The obtained values are found to be compatible within uncertainties with those measured by other experiments in e+e−, ep and pp interactions at various centre-of-mass energies