pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonic friction reduction in elastomer - Metal contacts and application to pneumatic actuators

Ultrasonic friction reduction is well known in metal-metal contacts. Due to the vibration, the stick phase in the contact phase vanishes and only sliding occurs. As long as the macroscopic relative velocity of the contact partners is much lower than vibration velocity, the necessary force to move the parts tends to (nearly) zero. If the effect also exists in material combinations with a significant difference in stiffness and damping characteristic has not been investigated in the past. This contribution shows the effect for various material combinations, which are typical for sealings in pneumatic actuators. Further, a novel integrated transducer design for a pneumatic actuator is presented. In this design the transducer also acts as moving part within the pneumatic actuator. The design challenges are the two contact areas on the moving part, where the friction reduction and consequently high vibration amplitudes are needed. The first area is fixed on the transducer geometry, the other is moving along the piston. This novel design has been implemented in the laboratory; detailed experimental results are presented in this contribution
W and Z boson production in p-Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV

The W and Z boson production was measured via the muonic decay channel in proton-lead collisions at sNN−−−√=5.02 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider with the ALICE detector. The measurement covers backward (−4.46 < ycms < −2.96) and forward (2.03 < ycms < 3.53) rapidity regions, corresponding to Pb-going and p-going directions, respectively. The Z-boson production cross section, with dimuon invariant mass of 60 < mμμ < 120 GeV/c2 and muon transverse momentum (pTμ) larger than 20 GeV/c, is measured. The production cross section and charge asymmetry of muons from W-boson decays with pTμ > 10 GeV/c are determined. The results are compared to theoretical calculations both with and without including the nuclear modification of the parton distribution functions. The W-boson production is also studied as a function of the collision centrality: the cross section of muons from W-boson decays is found to scale with the average number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions within uncertainties
Long-term Restenosis Rate of Eversion Endarterectomy on the Internal Carotid Artery

AbstractObjectives. The eversion endarterectomy of the internal carotid artery was introduced in Hungary in 1991. The aim of this study was to define the long-term restenosis rate of this procedure.Patients and Methods. Between 1991 and 1993, 171 operations, on 151 patients, were performed by single surgeon: with long-term follow up of 109 patients, which included annual physical and ultrasound examinations. Restenosis rate and plaque morphology were defined. Survival and patency rate were analysed by life-tables.Results. The combined perioperative stroke morbidity and mortality rate was 0.8%. The 5-year patient survival rate was 85%, the recurrent stenosis free rate was 88% at 5 years. Only 9% of the patients had carotid restenosis of more than 70% during this period. Ultrasound plaque morphology showed calcification in one case. Two patients had re-operations, with plaque histology showed myointimal hyperplasia in each case.Conclusions. Our results for restenosis are compare favourably with the 2–34% restenosis rate reported in the literature. Ultrasound and histological findings suggest that atherosclerosis does not play a significant role in the development of restenosis after the eversion carotid endarterectomy
Kaluza–Klein theory for teleparallel gravity

AbstractWe study teleparallel gravity in the original Kaluza–Klein (KK) scenario. Our calculation of the KK reduction of teleparallel gravity indicates that the 5-dimensional torsion scalar T(5) generates the non-Brans–Dicke type effective Lagrangian in 4-dimension due to an additional coupling between the derivative of the scalar field and torsion, but the result is equivalent to that in general relativity. We also discuss the cosmological behavior in the FLRW universe based on the effective teleparallel gravity
Separate Microcircuit Modules of Distinct V2a Interneurons and Motoneurons Control the Speed of Locomotion

SummarySpinal circuits generate locomotion with variable speed as circumstances demand. These circuits have been assumed to convey equal and uniform excitation to all motoneurons whose input resistance dictates their activation sequence. However, the precise connectivity pattern between excitatory premotor circuits and the different motoneuron types has remained unclear. Here, we generate a connectivity map in adult zebrafish between the V2a excitatory interneurons and slow, intermediate, and fast motoneurons. We show that the locomotor network does not consist of a uniform circuit as previously assumed. Instead, it can be deconstructed into three separate microcircuit modules with distinct V2a interneuron subclasses driving slow, intermediate, or fast motoneurons. This modular design enables the increase of locomotor speed by sequentially adding microcircuit layers from slow to intermediate and fast. Thus, this principle of organization of vertebrate spinal circuits represents an intrinsic mechanism to increase the locomotor speed by incrementally engaging different motor units
Impact of the first-forbidden β decay on the production of A∼195 r-process peak

AbstractWe investigated the effects of first-forbidden transitions in β decays on the production of the r-process A∼195 peak. The theoretical calculated β-decay rates with β-delayed neutron emission were examined using several astrophysical conditions. As the FF decay is dominant in N∼126 neutron-rich nuclei, their inclusion shortens β-decay lifetimes and shifts the abundance peak towards higher masses. Additionally, the inclusion of the β-delayed neutron emission results in a wider abundance peak, and smoothens the mass distribution by removing the odd–even mass staggering. The effects are commonly seen in the results of all adopted astrophysical models. Nevertheless there are quantitative differences, indicating that remaining uncertainty in the determination of half-lives for N=126 nuclei is still significant in order to determine the production of the r-process peak
GEANT4 simulation of the neutron background of the C6D6 set-up for capture studies at n_TOF

AbstractThe neutron sensitivity of the C6D6 detector setup used at n_TOF facility for capture measurements has been studied by means of detailed GEANT4 simulations. A realistic software replica of the entire n_TOF experimental hall, including the neutron beam line, sample, detector supports and the walls of the experimental area has been implemented in the simulations. The simulations have been analyzed in the same manner as experimental data, in particular by applying the Pulse Height Weighting Technique. The simulations have been validated against a measurement of the neutron background performed with a natC sample, showing an excellent agreement above 1keV. At lower energies, an additional component in the measured natC yield has been discovered, which prevents the use of natC data for neutron background estimates at neutron energies below a few hundred eV. The origin and time structure of the neutron background have been derived from the simulations. Examples of the neutron background for two different samples are demonstrating the important role of accurate simulations of the neutron background in capture cross-section measurements
Compensatory embryonic response to allele-specific inactivation of the murine X-linked gene Hcfc1

AbstractEarly in female mammalian embryonic development, cells randomly inactivate one of the two X chromosomes to achieve overall equal inactivation of parental X-linked alleles. Hcfc1 is a highly conserved X-linked mouse gene that encodes HCF-1 — a transcriptional co-regulator implicated in cell proliferation in tissue culture cells. By generating a Cre-recombinase inducible Hcfc1 knock-out (Hcfc1lox) allele in mice, we have probed the role of HCF-1 in actively proliferating embryonic cells and in cell-cycle re-entry of resting differentiated adult cells using a liver regeneration model. HCF-1 function is required for both extraembryonic and embryonic development. In heterozygous Hcfc1lox/+ female embryos, however, embryonic epiblast-specific Cre-induced Hcfc1 deletion (creating an Hcfc1epiKO allele) around E5.5 is well tolerated; it leads to a mixture of HCF-1-positive and -negative epiblast cells owing to random X-chromosome inactivation of the wild-type or Hcfc1epiKO mutant allele. At E6.5 and E7.5, both HCF-1-positive and -negative epiblast cells proliferate, but gradually by E8.5, HCF-1-negative cells disappear owing to cell-cycle exit and apoptosis. Although generating a temporary developmental retardation, the loss of HCF-1-negative cells is tolerated, leading to viable heterozygous offspring with 100% skewed inactivation of the X-linked Hcfc1epiKO allele. In resting adult liver cells, the requirement for HCF-1 in cell proliferation was more evident as hepatocytes lacking HCF-1 fail to re-enter the cell cycle and thus to proliferate during liver regeneration. The survival of the heterozygous Hcfc1epiKO/+ female embryos, even with half the cells genetically compromised, illustrates the developmental plasticity of the post-implantation mouse embryo — in this instance, permitting survival of females heterozygous for an X-linked embryonic lethal allele
Predicting positive parity Bs mesons from lattice QCD

AbstractWe determine the spectrum of Bs 1P states using lattice QCD. For the Bs1(5830) and Bs2⁎(5840) mesons, the results are in good agreement with the experimental values. Two further mesons are expected in the quantum channels JP=0+ and 1+ near the BK and B⁎K thresholds. A combination of quark–antiquark and B(⁎) meson–Kaon interpolating fields are used to determine the mass of two QCD bound states below the B(⁎)K threshold, with the assumption that mixing with Bs(⁎)η and isospin-violating decays to Bs(⁎)π are negligible. We predict a JP=0+ bound state Bs0 with mass mBs0=5.711(13)(19) GeV. With further assumptions motivated theoretically by the heavy quark limit, a bound state with mBs1=5.750(17)(19) GeV is predicted in the JP=1+ channel. The results from our first principles calculation are compared to previous model-based estimates
Simple homotopy types of Hom-complexes, neighborhood complexes, Lovász complexes, and atom crosscut complexes

AbstractIn this paper we provide concrete combinatorial formal deformation algorithms, namely sequences of elementary collapses and expansions, which relate various previously extensively studied families of combinatorially defined polyhedral complexes.To start with, we give a sequence of elementary collapses leading from the barycentric subdivision of the neighborhood complex to the Lovász complex of a graph. Then, for an arbitrary lattice L we describe a formal deformation of the barycentric subdivision of the atom crosscut complex Γ(L) to its order complex Δ(L¯). We proceed by proving that the complex of sets bounded from below J(L) can also be collapsed to Δ(L¯).Finally, as a pinnacle of our project, we apply all these results to certain graph complexes. Namely, by describing an explicit formal deformation, we prove that, for any graph G, the neighborhood complex N(G) and the polyhedral complex Hom(K2,G) have the same simple homotopy type in the sense of Whitehead
π0π0 Production in proton–proton collisions at Tp=1.4 GeV

AbstractThe reaction pp→ppπ0π0 has been investigated at a beam energy of 1.4 GeV using the WASA-at-COSY facility. The total cross section is found to be (324±21systematic±58normalization) μb. In order to study the production mechanism, differential kinematic distributions have been evaluated. The differential distributions indicate that both initial state protons are excited into intermediate Δ(1232) resonances, each decaying into a proton and a single pion, thereby producing the pion pair in the final state. No significant contribution of the Roper resonance N⁎(1440) via its decay into a proton and two pions is found
Transformability as a Factor of Sustainability in Post-earthquake Houses in Iran: The Case Study of Lar City

AbstractHousing design and construction for post-earthquake victims need consideration of the victims’ socio-cultural needs. Due to the particular economic conditions in Iran, hurriedly made post-earthquake emergency shelters often fail in complying with the minimum needs of the occupants. Consequently, such shelters are often either abandoned or transformed substantially, resulting in an overwhelming waste of resources. This paper aims to investigate the transformation process of post-earthquake houses, with attention to the architectural characteristics of the transformations and people's motivational factors for these transformations. The methods used include systematic observations and map analysis of the transformations of post-earthquake houses over a 37 years period (1970-2007) and interviews with the households. Relying upon analysis of the problems of the current post-earthquake houses in Iran, the results recommended that the design for these houses should address: transformability into pre-earthquake patterns and lifestyles, adaptability to new parts/construction besides original dwelling, and capability to reflect different requirement for indoor spatial circulations. The findings therefore proposed the use of mixed ‘Temporary-Permanent’ housing reconstruction models which involve participation of stakeholders and end users from very early stages of design and developments in order to predict and address the latter transformations issues. This study contributes to both research and practice by proposing new design approaches and guidelines regarding post-earthquake housing reconstruction in Iran
Cell penetration properties of maurocalcine, a natural venom peptide active on the intracellular ryanodine receptor

AbstractMaurocalcine (MCa) is a 33-amino acid residue peptide toxin initially isolated from the scorpion Scorpio maurus maurus. Its structural and functional features make it resembling many Cell Penetrating Peptides. In particular, MCa exhibits a characteristic positively charged face that may interact with membrane lipids. External application of MCa is known to produce Ca2+-release from intracellular stores within seconds. MCa binds directly to the skeletal muscle isoform of the ryanodine receptor, an intracellular channel target of the endoplasmic reticulum, and induces long-lasting channel openings in a mode of smaller conductance. The binding sites for MCa have been mapped within the cytoplasmic domain of the ryanodine receptor. In this manuscript, we further investigated how MCa proceeds to cross biological membranes in order to reach its target. A biotinylated derivative of MCa (MCab) was chemically synthesized, coupled to a fluorescent streptavidin indicator (Cy3 or Cy5) and the cell penetration of the entire complex followed by confocal microscopy and FACS analysis. The data provide evidence that MCa allows the penetration of the macro proteic complex and therefore may be used as a vector for the delivery of proteins in the cytoplasm as well as in the nucleus. Using both FACS and confocal analysis, we show that the cell penetration of the fluorescent complex is observed at concentrations as low as 10 nM, is sensitive to membrane potential and is partly inhibited by heparin. We also show that MCa interacts with the disialoganglioside GD3, the most abundant charged lipid in natural membranes. Despite its action on ryanodine receptor, MCa showed no sign of cell toxicity on HEK293 cells suggesting that it may have a wider application range. These data indicate that MCa may cross the plasma membrane directly by cell translocation and has a promising future as a carrier of various drugs and agents of therapeutic, diagnostic and technological value
Asymptotic Euler–Maclaurin formula over lattice polytopes

AbstractFormulas for the Riemann sums over lattice polytopes determined by the lattice points in the polytopes are often called Euler–Maclaurin formulas. An asymptotic Euler–Maclaurin formula, by which we mean an asymptotic expansion formula for Riemann sums over lattice polytopes, was first obtained by Guillemin and Sternberg (2007) [11]. Then, the problem is to find a concrete formula for each term of the expansion. In this paper, an asymptotic Euler–Maclaurin formula of the Riemann sums over general lattice polytopes is given. The formula given here is an asymptotic form of the so-called local Euler–Maclaurin formula of Berline and Vergne (2007) [3]. For Delzant polytopes, our proof given here is independent of the local Euler–Maclaurin formula. Furthermore, a concrete description of differential operators which appear in each term of the asymptotic expansion for Delzant lattice polytopes is given. By using this description, when the polytopes are Delzant lattice, a concrete formula for each term of the expansion in two dimension and a formula for the third term of the expansion in arbitrary dimension are given
Observation of isolated high-ET photons in deep inelastic scattering

AbstractFirst measurements of cross sections for isolated prompt photon production in deep inelastic ep scattering have been made using the ZEUS detector at the HERA electron–proton collider using an integrated luminosity of 121 pb−1. A signal for isolated photons in the transverse energy and rapidity ranges 5<ETγ<10GeV and −0.7<ηγ<0.9 was observed for virtualities of the exchanged photon of Q2>35GeV2. Cross sections are presented for inclusive prompt photons and for those accompanied by a single jet in the range ETjet⩾6GeV and −1.5⩽ηjet<1.8. Calculations at order α3αs describe the data reasonably well
Multiple TGF-β Superfamily Signals Modulate the Adult Drosophila Immune Response

SummaryTGF-β superfamily signals play complex roles in regulation of tissue repair and inflammation in mammals [1]. Drosophila melanogaster is a well-established model for the study of innate immune function [2, 3] and wound healing [4–7]. Here, we explore the role and regulation of two TGF-β superfamily members, dawdle and decapentaplegic (dpp), in response to wounding and infection in adult Drosophila. We find that both TGF-β signals exhibit complex regulation in response to wounding and infection, each is expressed in a subset of phagocytes, and each inhibits a specific arm of the immune response. dpp is rapidly activated by wounds and represses the production of antimicrobial peptides; flies lacking dpp function display persistent, strong antimicrobial peptide expression after even a small wound. dawdle, in contrast, is activated by Gram-positive bacterial infection but repressed by Gram-negative infection or wounding; its role is to limit infection-induced melanization. Flies lacking dawdle function exhibit melanization even when uninfected. Together, these data imply a model in which the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) dpp is an important inhibitor of inflammation following sterile injury whereas the activin-like dawdle determines the nature of the induced immune response
Investigating the functions of subregions within anterior hippocampus

AbstractPrevious functional MRI (fMRI) studies have associated anterior hippocampus with imagining and recalling scenes, imagining the future, recalling autobiographical memories and visual scene perception. We have observed that this typically involves the medial rather than the lateral portion of the anterior hippocampus. Here, we investigated which specific structures of the hippocampus underpin this observation. We had participants imagine novel scenes during fMRI scanning, as well as recall previously learned scenes from two different time periods (one week and 30 min prior to scanning), with analogous single object conditions as baselines. Using an extended segmentation protocol focussing on anterior hippocampus, we first investigated which substructures of the hippocampus respond to scenes, and found both imagination and recall of scenes to be associated with activity in presubiculum/parasubiculum, a region associated with spatial representation in rodents. Next, we compared imagining novel scenes to recall from one week or 30 min before scanning. We expected a strong response to imagining novel scenes and 1-week recall, as both involve constructing scene representations from elements stored across cortex. By contrast, we expected a weaker response to 30-min recall, as representations of these scenes had already been constructed but not yet consolidated. Both imagination and 1-week recall of scenes engaged anterior hippocampal structures (anterior subiculum and uncus respectively), indicating possible roles in scene construction. By contrast, 30-min recall of scenes elicited significantly less activation of anterior hippocampus but did engage posterior CA3. Together, these results elucidate the functions of different parts of the anterior hippocampus, a key brain area about which little is definitely known
Are public–private partnerships a healthy option? A systematic literature review

AbstractGovernments around the world, but especially in Europe, have increasingly used private sector involvement in developing, financing and providing public health infrastructure and service delivery through public–private partnerships (PPPs). Reasons for this uptake are manifold ranging from rising expenditures for refurbishing, maintaining and operating public assets, and increasing constraints on government budgets stifle, seeking innovation through private sector acumen and aiming for better risk management. Although PPPs have attracted practitioner and academic interest over the last two decades, there has been no attempt to integrate the general and health management literature to provide a holistic view of PPPs in healthcare delivery. This study analyzes over 1400 publications from a wide range of disciplines over a 20-year time period. We find that despite the scale and significance of the phenomenon, there is relatively limited conceptualization and in-depth empirical investigation. Based on bibliographic and content analyses, we synthesize formerly dispersed research perspectives into a comprehensive multi-dimensional framework of public-private partnerships. In so doing, we provide new directions for further research and practice
NSort/DB: An Intranuclear Compartment Protein Database

AbstractDistinct substructures within the nucleus are associated with a wide variety of important nuclear processes. Structures such as chromatin and nuclear pores have specific roles, while others such as Cajal bodies are more functionally varied. Understanding the roles of these membraneless intra-nuclear compartments requires extensive data sets covering nuclear and compartment-associated proteins. NSort/DB is a database providing access to intra- or sub-nuclear compartment associations for the mouse nuclear proteome. Based on resources ranging from large-scale curated data sets to detailed experiments, this data set provides a high-quality set of annotations of non-exclusive association of nuclear proteins with structures such as promyelocytic leukaemia bodies and chromatin. The database is searchable by protein identifier or compartment, and has a documented web service API. The search interface, web service and data download are all freely available online at http://www.nsort.org/db/. Availability of this data set will enable systematic analyses of the protein complements of nuclear compartments, improving our understanding of the diverse functional repertoire of these structures