pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Massless $AdS_2$ scattering and Bethe ansatz

We first analyse the integrable scattering theory describing the massless
excitations of $AdS_2 \times S^2 \times T^6$ superstrings in the relativistic
limit. The matrix part of the S-matrix is obtained in the BMN limit from the
conjectured exact expression, and compared with known S-matrices with N=1
supersymmetry. A dressing factor, yet unknown for the complete theory, is here
constructed based on relativistic crossing symmetry. We derive a Bethe-ansatz
condition by employing a transfer-matrix technique based on the so-called
free-fermion condition. This is known to overcome the problem of lack of a
reference state. We then generalise the method to the massless non-relativistic
case, and compare the resulting Bethe-ansatz condition with a simple massless
limit of the one conjectured by Sorokin, Tseytlin, Wulff and Zarembo.Comment: 14 pages, LaTeX, 1 diagram; version to appear in JHE
Renal Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to the Liver: Early Response Assessment after Intraarterial Therapy Using 3D Quantitative Tumor Enhancement Analysis.

Liver metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are not uncommon in the course of disease. However, data about tumor response to intraarterial therapy (IAT) are scarce. This study assessed whether changes of enhancing tumor volume using quantitative European Association for the Study of the Liver (qEASL) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) can evaluate tumor response and predict overall survival (OS) early after therapy.
Fourteen patients with liver metastatic RCC treated with IAT (transarterial chemoembolization: n= 9 and yttrium-90: n= 5) were retrospectively included. All patients underwent contrast-enhanced imaging (MRI: n= 10 and CT: n= 4) 3 to 4 weeks pre- and posttreatment. Response to treatment was evaluated on the arterial phase using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), World Health Organization, modified RECIST, EASL, tumor volume, and qEASL. Paired t test was used to compare measurements pre- and post-IAT. Patients were stratified into responders (≥65% decrease in qEASL) and nonresponders (&lt;65% decrease in qEASL). OS was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier curves with log-rank test and the Cox proportional hazard model.
Mean qEASL (cm(3)) decreased from 93.5 to 67.2 cm(3) (P= .004) and mean qEASL (%) from 63.1% to 35.6% (P= .001). No significant changes were observed using other response criteria. qEASL was the only significant predictor of OS when used to stratify patients into responders and nonresponders with median OS of 31.9 versus 11.1 months (hazard ratio [HR], 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19-0.97; P= .042) for qEASL (cm(3)) and 29.9 versus 10.2 months (HR, 0.09; 95% CI, 0.01-0.74; P= .025) for qEASL (%).
Three-dimensional (3D) quantitative tumor analysis is a reliable predictor of OS when assessing treatment response after IAT in patients with RCC metastatic to the liver. qEASL outperforms conventional non-3D methods and can be used as a surrogate marker for OS early after therapy
Measurement of the mass of the top quark in decays with a J/psi meson in pp collisions at 8 TeV

A first measurement of the top quark mass in the decay channel t → (W → ℓν) (b → J/ψ + X → μ+μ− + X) is presented. The analysis uses events selected from the proton-proton collisions recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1, with 666 tt¯ and single top quark candidate events containing a reconstructed J/ψ candidate decaying into an oppositely-charged muon pair. The mass of the (J/ψ + ℓ) system, where ℓ is an electron or a muon from W boson decay, is used to extract a top quark mass of 173.5 ± 3.0 (stat) ± 0.9 (syst) GeV
Environmental DNA (eDNA) detects the invasive crayfishes Orconectes rusticus and Pacifastacus leniusculus in large lakes of North America

We report results of a study that made reciprocal comparisons of environmental DNA (eDNA) assays for two major invasive crayfishes between their disparate invasive ranges in North America. Specifically, we tested for range expansions of the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852) into the Laurentian Great Lakes region known to be invaded by the rusty crayfish Orconectes rusticus (Girard, 1852), as well as for the invasion of O. rusticus into large lakes of California and Nevada, US known to be invaded by P. leniusculus. We compared eDNA detections to historic localities for O. rusticus within the Great Lakes, and to recent sampling for presence/absence and relative abundance of P. leniusculus in California and Nevada via overnight sets of baited traps. We successfully detected O. rusticus eDNA at six sites from the Great Lakes and P. leniusculus from six of seven lakes where it was known to occur in California and Nevada, but did not detect any range expansions by either species across the North American continent. eDNA appears suitable to detect benthic arthropods from exceptionally large lakes, and will likely be useful in applications for monitoring of new biological invasions into these and other freshwater and marine habitats
Search for new physics with jets and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A search for new physics is presented based on an event signature of at least three jets accompanied by large missing transverse momentum, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb-1 collected in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. No excess of events is observed above the expected standard model backgrounds, which are all estimated from the data. Exclusion limits are presented for the constrained minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. Cross section limits are also presented using simplified models with new particles decaying to an undetected particle and one or two jets.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
A superhighway to virus infection.

Microtubule-mediated transport of macromolecules and organelles (also known as "cargo") is essential for cells to function. Deficiencies in cytoplasmic transport are frequently associated with severe diseases and syndromes. Cytoplasmic transport also provides viruses with the means to reach their site of replication and is the route for newly assembled progeny to leave the infected cell. This parasitic relationship of viruses with the host cytoskeleton provides an excellent basis for cell biologists to unlock the secrets of cytoplasmic transport and unravel mechanisms of disease. Recent advances in live cell imaging and computational tracking of fluorescently labeled viruses are now revealing how complex the movements of single viruses are in infected cells. This review focuses on microtubule-based motility of viruses and highlights the mechanisms regulating cytoplasmic transport
Boundedness of cohomolgy

Let View the MathML source and let View the MathML source denote the class of all pairs (R,M) in which View the MathML source is a Noetherian homogeneous ring with Artinian base ring R0 and such that M is a finitely generated graded R-module of dimension less-than-or-equals, slantd. For such a pair (R,M) let View the MathML source denote the (finite) R0-length of the n-th graded component of the i-th R+-transform module View the MathML source.\ud
\ud
The cohomology table of a pair View the MathML source is defined as the family of non-negative integers View the MathML source. We say that a subclass View the MathML source of View the MathML source is of finite cohomology if the set View the MathML source is finite. A set View the MathML source is said to bound cohomology, if for each family View the MathML source of non-negative integers, the class View the MathML source is of finite cohomology. Our main result says that this is the case if and only if View the MathML source contains a quasi diagonal, that is a set of the form {(i,ni)|i=0,…,d−1} with integers n0>n1>cdots, three dots, centered>nd−1.\ud
\ud
We draw a number of conclusions of this boundedness criterion
Measurement of the D∗±D∗± meson production cross section and F2cc¯ at high Q2Q2 in ep scattering at HERA

The inclusive production of D*±(2010) mesons in deep-inelastic e±p scattering is measured in the kinematic region of photon virtuality 100<Q2<1000 GeV2 and inelasticity 0.02<y<0.7. Single and double differential cross sections for inclusive D* meson production are measured in the visible range defined by |η(D*)|<1.5 and pT(D*)>1.5 GeV. The data were collected by the H1 experiment during the period from 2004 to 2007 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 351 pb−1. The charm contribution, View the MathML source, to the proton structure function F2 is determined. The measurements are compared with QCD predictions
The Impact of Social and Interpersonal Resources on Adjustment Disorder Symptoms in Older Age

This study investigates self-efficacy and motivation regulation as possible mediators of the relationship between social and\ud
interpersonal resources (i.e., social network, social support, social acknowledgment as a victim, and disclosure) and adjustment disorder\ud
(AJD) symptoms in a sample of 121 adults aged 65–97 years. AJD was conceptualized as a form of stress-response syndrome, core\ud
symptoms of which are intrusions, avoidance, and failure to adapt after having experienced a critical event. Motivational variables\ud
mediated the relationship between social acknowledgment and AJD symptoms. Contrary to expectations, motivational variables were\ud
not found to mediate the link between reluctance to disclose and AJD symptoms. This study casts new light on the psychological processes\ud
that enable older adults to adjust to critical life events and to exhibit resilience, which is important for successful aging
MGMT methylation analysis of glioblastoma on the Infinium methylation BeadChip identifies two distinct CpG regions associated with gene silencing and outcome, yielding a prediction model for comparisons across datasets, tumor grades, and CIMP-status

The methylation status of the O(6)-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene is an important predictive biomarker for benefit from alkylating agent therapy in glioblastoma. Recent studies in anaplastic glioma suggest a prognostic value for MGMT methylation. Investigation of pathogenetic and epigenetic features of this intriguingly distinct behavior requires accurate MGMT classification to assess high throughput molecular databases. Promoter methylation-mediated gene silencing is strongly dependent on the location of the methylated CpGs, complicating classification. Using the HumanMethylation450 (HM-450K) BeadChip interrogating 176 CpGs annotated for the MGMT gene, with 14 located in the promoter, two distinct regions in the CpG island of the promoter were identified with high importance for gene silencing and outcome prediction. A logistic regression model (MGMT-STP27) comprising probes cg1243587 and cg12981137 provided good classification properties and prognostic value (kappa = 0.85; log-rank p < 0.001) using a training-set of 63 glioblastomas from homogenously treated patients, for whom MGMT methylation was previously shown to be predictive for outcome based on classification by methylation-specific PCR. MGMT-STP27 was successfully validated in an independent cohort of chemo-radiotherapy-treated glioblastoma patients (n = 50; kappa = 0.88; outcome, log-rank p < 0.001). Lower prevalence of MGMT methylation among CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) positive tumors was found in glioblastomas from The Cancer Genome Atlas than in low grade and anaplastic glioma cohorts, while in CIMP-negative gliomas MGMT was classified as methylated in approximately 50 % regardless of tumor grade. The proposed MGMT-STP27 prediction model allows mining of datasets derived on the HM-450K or HM-27K BeadChip to explore effects of distinct epigenetic context of MGMT methylation suspected to modulate treatment resistance in different tumor types
Forecasting and tracking real-time data revisions in inflation persistence

This paper presents three local nonparametric forecasting methods that are able to utilize the isolated periods of revised real-time PCE and core PCE for 62 vintages within a historic framework with respect to the nonparametric exclusion-from-core inflation persistence model.  The flexibility, provided by the kernel and window width, permits the incorporation of the forecasted value into the appropriate time frame.  For instance, a low inflation measure can be included in other low inflation time periods in order to form more optimal forecasts by combining values that are similar in terms of metric distance as opposed to chronological time.  The most efficient nonparametric forecasting method is the third model, which uses the flexibility of nonparametrics to its utmost by making forecasts conditional on the forecasted value.
Were British cotton entrepreneurs technologically backward? firm-level evidence on the adoption of ring-spinning.

I study the slow adoption of ring spinning in Great Britain's cotton industry at the end of the 19th century, which has been used as evidence of British entrepreneurs' declining efficiency and conservatism (Musson, 1959; Aldcroft, 1964; Lazonick, 1981, 1981b). To this purpose I use firm-level data from all of Lancashire's cotton firms over several years. The data are from Worrall's The Cotton Spinners and Manufacturers' Directory for the years 1885, 1886–1887, 1890, 1894, 1902, and 1910.
First, I show that the vertical organization of the industry, with its firms specializing in spinning
or weaving, did not act as an impediment to the adoption of the ring spinning technology, as was argued by Lazonick. In particular, I show the following: i) non-integrated firms were the first to adopt rings in Great Britain; ii) the large majority of firms that adopted rings were
incumbents; iii) vertically integrated firms that were spinning only either twist or weft yarn
were still in existence in 1910; and iv) only a negligible number of firms changed their
organizational structure upon adopting ring spinning. I also show that a large fraction of firms
installed very small numbers of ring spindles upon the adoption of ring spinning, suggesting
that firms were slowly adopting ring spindles to replace old mule spindles rather than
transitioning over to ring spinning at a single point in time.
Then, I show that the rate at which vertically integrated firms adopted rings suddenly accelerated
after 1902. I interpret this as evidence that British entrepreneurs were fully aware of the
technological complementarities between rings and automatic looms. These complementarities
could only be fully exploited by vertically integrated firms.
Limited effect of patient and disease characteristics on compliance with hospital antimicrobial guidelines

Objective: Physicians frequently deviate from guidelines that promote prudent use of antimicrobials. We explored to what extent patient and disease characteristics were associated with compliance with guideline recommendations for three common infections. Methods: In a 1-year prospective observational study, 1,125 antimicrobial prescriptions were analysed for compliance with university hospital guidelines. Results: Compliance varied significantly between and within the groups of infections studied. Compliance was much higher for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs; 79%) than for sepsis (53%) and urinary tract infections (UTIs; 40%). Only predisposing illnesses and active malignancies were associated with more compliant prescribing, whereas alcohol/ intravenous drug abuse and serum creatinine levels > 130 mu mol/l were associated with less compliant prescribing. Availability of culture results had no impact on compliance with guidelines for sepsis but was associated with more compliance in UTIs and less in LRTIs. Narrowing initial broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy to cultured pathogens was seldom practised. Most noncompliant prescribing concerned a too broad spectrum of activity when compared with guideline-recommended therapy. Conclusion: Patient characteristics had only a limited impact on compliant prescribing for a variety of reasons. Physicians seemed to practise defensive prescribing behaviour, favouring treatment success in current patients over loss of effectiveness due to resistance in future patients
Direct numerical simulation of turbulence on a Connection Machine CM-5

In this paper we report on our first experiences with direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow on a 16-node Connection Machine CM-5. The CM-5 has been programmed at a global level using data parallel Fortran. A two-dimensional direct simulation, where the pressure is solved using a Conjugate Gradient method without preconditioning, runs at 23% of the peak. Due to higher communication costs, 3D simulations run at 13% of the peak. A diagonalwise re-ordered Incomplete Choleski Conjugate Gradient method cannot compete with a standard CG-method on the CM-5.
Transverse momentum, rapidity, and centrality dependence of inclusive charged-particle production in root sNN=5.02 TeV p + Pb collisions measured by the ATLAS experiment

Measurements of the per-event charged-particle yield as a function of the charged-particle transverse momentum and rapidity are performed using p+Pbp+Pb collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of View the MathML sourcesNN=5.02TeV. Charged particles are reconstructed over pseudorapidity |η|<2.3|η|<2.3 and transverse momentum between 0.1 GeV0.1 GeV and 22 GeV22 GeV in a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1 μb−11 μb−1. The results are presented in the form of charged-particle nuclear modification factors, where the p+Pbp+Pb charged-particle multiplicities are compared between central and peripheral p+Pbp+Pb collisions as well as to charged-particle cross sections measured in pp collisions. The p+Pbp+Pb collision centrality is characterized by the total transverse energy measured in −4.9<η<−3.1−4.9<η<−3.1, which is in the direction of the outgoing lead beam. Three different estimations of the number of nucleons participating in the p+Pbp+Pb collision are carried out using the Glauber model and two Glauber–Gribov colour-fluctuation extensions to the Glauber model. The values of the nuclear modification factors are found to vary significantly as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum. A broad peak is observed for all centralities and rapidities in the nuclear modification factors for charged-particle transverse momentum values around 3 GeV3 GeV. The magnitude of the peak increases for more central collisions as well as rapidity ranges closer to the direction of the outgoing lead nucleus.G. Aad … B. Abeloos … Paul D Jackson … Lawrence Lee-Jr … Andreas Petridis … Martin White … et al. (The ATLAS Collaboration
TGFβR signalling controls CD103⁺CD11b⁺ dendritic cell development in the intestine

CD103(+)CD11b(+) dendritic cells (DCs) are unique to the intestine, but the factors governing their differentiation are unclear. Here we show that transforming growth factor receptor 1 (TGF beta beta R1) has an indispensable, cell intrinsic role in the development of these cells. Deletion of Tgfbr1 results in markedly fewer intestinal CD103(+)CD11b(+) DCs and a reciprocal increase in the CD103(-)CD11b(+) dendritic cell subset. Transcriptional profiling identifies markers that define the CD103(+)CD11b(+) DC lineage, including CD101, TREM1 and Siglec-F, and shows that the absence of CD103(+)CD11b(+) DCs in CD11c-Cre. Tgfbr1(fl/fl) mice reflects defective differentiation from CD103(-)CD11b(+) intermediaries, rather than an isolated loss of CD103 expression. The defect in CD103(+)CD11b(+) DCs is accompanied by reduced generation of antigen-specific, inducible FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells in vitro and in vivo, and by reduced numbers of endogenous Th17 cells in the intestinal mucosa. Thus, TGF beta R1-mediated signalling may explain the tissue-specific development of these unique DCs
The tectonic geomorphology of bedrock scarps on active normal faults in the Italian Apennines mapped using combined ground penetrating radar and terrestrial laser scanning

Using combined datasets from ground penetrating radar (GPR) and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) we document the variety of tectono-geomorphic features that contribute to the morphology of bedrock scarps associated with active extensional faulting in central Italy. Measurement of faulted offsets across such scarps can provide important fault slip-rate data relevant to seismic hazard analysis if ages can be established for offset features. However, interpretation of these offsets is challenging when geomorphic processes as well as fault slip contribute to exhumation of the bedrock during scarp development. Through the integration of surface (TLS) and subsurface (GPR) datasets, we show that the surface expression of three bedrock scarps results from the interaction between footwall incision, hangingwall sedimentation, channel incision and landsliding as well as fault slip and fault linkage. We further illustrate how these processes can be differentiated to identify locations suitable for determining fault slip-rates. The identification of such features has important implications for our understanding of the relationship between bedrock faulting and geomorphic processes, in turn contributing to improved assessment of fault slip-rates in the central Apennines. The use of combined GPR and TLS datasets here has shown that the tectono-geomorphic features of the studied scarps vary greatly over short distances and we emphasise the need for detailed scarp analysis to elucidate the processes responsible for bedrock exhumation before estimating the rates of fault slip over the timescale of scarp formation
Gauge copies in the Landau-DeWitt gauge: a background invariant
  restriction

The Landau background gauge, also known as the Landau-DeWitt gauge, has found
renewed interest during the past decade given its usefulness in accessing the
confinement-deconfinement transition via the vacuum expectation value of the
Polyakov loop, describable via an appropriate background. In this Letter, we
revisit this gauge from the viewpoint of it displaying gauge (Gribov) copies.
We generalize the Gribov-Zwanziger effective action in a BRST and background
invariant way; this action leads to a restriction on the allowed gauge
fluctuations, thereby eliminating the infinitesimal background gauge copies.
The explicit background invariance of our action is in contrast with earlier
attempts to write down and use an effective Gribov-Zwanziger action. It allows
to address certain subtleties arising in these earlier works, such as a
spontaneous and thus spurious Lorentz symmetry breaking, something which is now
averted.Comment: 14 pages. v2: version to appear in Phys.Lett.B, with minor
  modifications and extra reference