pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Early Social Experience Affects the Development of Eye Gaze Processing

SummaryEye gaze is a key channel of non-verbal communication in humans [1–3]. Eye contact with others is present from birth [4], and eye gaze processing is crucial for social learning and adult-infant communication [5–7]. However, little is known about the effect of selectively different experience of eye contact and gaze communication on early social and communicative development. To directly address this question, we assessed 14 sighted infants of blind parents (SIBPs) longitudinally at 6–10 and 12–16 months. Face scanning [8] and gaze following [7, 9] were assessed using eye tracking. In addition, naturalistic observations were made when the infants were interacting with their blind parent and with an unfamiliar sighted adult. Established measures of emergent autistic-like behaviors [10] and standardized tests of cognitive, motor, and linguistic development [11] were also collected. These data were then compared with those obtained from a group of infants of sighted parents. Despite showing typical social skills development overall, infants of blind parents allocated less attention to adult eye movements and gaze direction, an effect that increased between 6–10 and 12–16 months of age. The results suggest that infants adjust their use of adults’ eye gaze depending on gaze communication experience from early in life. The results highlight that human functional brain development shows selective experience-dependent plasticity adaptive to the individual’s specific social environment
Duality and pomeron effective theory for QCD at high energy and large Nc

AbstractWe propose an effective theory which governs pomeron dynamics in QCD at high energy, in the leading logarithmic approximation, and in the limit where Nc, the number of colors, is large. In spite of its remarkably simple structure, this effective theory generates precisely the evolution equations for scattering amplitudes that have been recently deduced from a more complete microscopic analysis. It accounts for the BFKL evolution of the pomerons together with their interactions: dissociation (one pomeron splitting into two) and recombination (two pomerons merging into one). It is constructed by exploiting a duality principle relating the evolutions in the target and the projectile, more precisely, splitting and merging processes, or fluctuations in the dilute regime and saturation effects in the dense regime. The simplest pomeron loop calculated with the effective theory is free of both ultraviolet or infrared singularities
J/$\psi$ production as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity
  density in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV

We report measurements of the inclusive J/$\psi$ yield and average transverse
momentum as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density ${\rm
d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d}\eta$ in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}= 5.02$ TeV
with ALICE at the LHC. The observables are normalised to their corresponding
averages in non-single diffractive events. An increase of the normalised
J/$\psi$ yield with normalised ${\rm d}N_{\rm ch}/{\rm d}\eta$, measured at
mid-rapidity, is observed at mid-rapidity and backward rapidity. At forward
rapidity, a saturation of the relative yield is observed for high
charged-particle multiplicities. The normalised average transverse momentum at
forward and backward rapidities increases with multiplicity at low
multiplicities and saturates beyond moderate multiplicities. In addition, the
forward-to-backward nuclear modification factor ratio is also reported, showing
an increasing suppression of J/$\psi$ production at forward rapidity with
respect to backward rapidity for increasing charged-particle multiplicity.Comment: 24 pages, 6 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 19,
  published version, figures at
  http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/344
Upper Bounds on Number of Steals in Rooted Trees

Inspired by applications in parallel computing, we analyze the setting of
work stealing in multithreaded computations. We obtain tight upper bounds on
the number of steals when the computation can be modeled by rooted trees. In
particular, we show that if the computation with $n$ processors starts with one
processor having a complete $k$-ary tree of height $h$ (and the remaining $n-1$
processors having nothing), the maximum possible number of steals is
$\sum_{i=1}^n(k-1)^i\binom{h}{i}$.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure
Search for supersymmetry in events with soft leptons, low jet multiplicity, and missing transverse energy in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

Results are presented from a search for supersymmetric particles in scenarios with small mass splittings. The data sample corresponds to 19.7 fb−119.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions recorded by the CMS experiment at View the MathML sources=8 TeV. The search targets top squark (View the MathML sourcet˜) pair production in scenarios with mass differences View the MathML sourceΔm=m(t˜)−m(χ˜10) below the W-boson mass and with top-squark decays in the four-body mode (View the MathML sourcet˜→bℓνχ˜10), where the neutralino (View the MathML sourceχ˜10) is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The signature includes a high transverse momentum (pTpT) jet associated with initial-state radiation, one or two low-pTpT leptons, and significant missing transverse energy. The event yields observed in data are consistent with the expected background contributions from standard model processes. Limits are set on the cross section for top squark pair production as a function of the View the MathML sourcet˜ and LSP masses. Assuming a 100% branching fraction for the four-body decay mode, top-squark masses below 316 GeV are excluded for Δm=25 GeVΔm=25 GeV at 95% CL. The dilepton data are also interpreted under the assumption of chargino–neutralino production, with subsequent decays to sleptons or sneutrinos. Assuming a difference between the common View the MathML sourceχ˜1+/χ˜20 mass and the LSP mass of 20 GeV and a τ  -enriched decay scenario, masses in the range View the MathML sourcem(χ˜1+)<307 GeV are excluded at 95% CL
Synthesis, characterization, thermodynamics and biological studies of binary and ternary complexes including some divalent metal ions, 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and N-acetylcysteine

The binary complexes with the [M(Dhba)] – core and ternary complexes with [M(Dhba)(Nac)] 3 − core have been synthesized and characterized by physical and spectral analyses, where M is divalent metal(Mn2+,Co2+,Ni2+,Cu2+orZn2+)and Dhba and Nac are 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid and N-acetylcysteine, respectively. The synthesized complexes are practical in biological applications Since they are soluble in water. The synthesized complexes were found to possess enhanced\ud
Antimicrobial activity, especially against Staphylococcus aureus, but reduced DPPH scavenging Activity of Dhba. The binary and  ternary complexes of Zn2+were shown to possess the most Remarkable properties thus their structures were further examined. Thermodynamic properties Of theZn2+complexes in aqueous solution at various temperatures were also determined With an ionic strength of 0.15 mol/dm3 Na Cl. \ud
\ud
Keywords:\ud
2,3-Dihydroxybenzoic acid Acetylcysteine Divalent metal Complex synthesis Metal–ligand Thermodynami
Inclusive and differential measurements of the tt charge asymmetry in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV

The tt- charge asymmetry is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data, collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb-1. Selected events contain an electron or a muon and four or more jets, where at least one jet is identified as originating from b-quark hadronization. The inclusive charge asymmetry is found to be 0.0010±0.0068 (stat)±0.0037 (syst). In addition, differential charge asymmetries as a function of rapidity, transverse momentum, and invariant mass of the tt- system are studied. For the first time at the LHC, the measurements are also performed in a reduced fiducial phase space of top quark pair production, with an integrated result of -0.0035±0.0072 (stat)±0.0031 (syst). All measurements are consistent within two standard deviations with zero asymmetry as well as with the predictions of the standard modelWe acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRSand FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES and CSF (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, ERC IUT and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NIH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); MSIP and NRF (Republic of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); MOE and UM (Malaysia); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MBIE (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Dubna); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MESTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); MST (Taipei); ThEPCenter, IPST, STAR and NSTDA (Thailand); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); NASU and SFFR (Ukraine); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council and EPLANET (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Fed-eral Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture(FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech Republic; the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the HOMING PLUS programme of the Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); the Consorzio per la Fisica (Trieste); MIUR project 20108T4XTM (Italy); the Thalis and Aristeia programmes cofinanced by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; the National Priorities Research Program by Qatar National Re-search Fund; the Rachadapisek Sompot Fund for Postdoctoral Fellowship, Chulalongkorn University (Thailand); and the Welch Foundatio
Planck Intermediate Results. IX. Detection of the Galactic haze with
  Planck

Using precise full-sky observations from Planck, and applying several methods
of component separation, we identify and characterize the emission from the
Galactic "haze" at microwave wavelengths. The haze is a distinct component of
diffuse Galactic emission, roughly centered on the Galactic centre, and extends
to |b| ~35 deg in Galactic latitude and |l| ~15 deg in longitude. By combining
the Planck data with observations from the WMAP we are able to determine the
spectrum of this emission to high accuracy, unhindered by the large systematic
biases present in previous analyses. The derived spectrum is consistent with
power-law emission with a spectral index of -2.55 +/- 0.05, thus excluding
free-free emission as the source and instead favouring hard-spectrum
synchrotron radiation from an electron population with a spectrum (number
density per energy) dN/dE ~ E^-2.1. At Galactic latitudes |b|<30 deg, the
microwave haze morphology is consistent with that of the Fermi gamma-ray "haze"
or "bubbles," indicating that we have a multi-wavelength view of a distinct
component of our Galaxy. Given both the very hard spectrum and the extended
nature of the emission, it is highly unlikely that the haze electrons result
from supernova shocks in the Galactic disk. Instead, a new mechanism for
cosmic-ray acceleration in the centre of our Galaxy is implied.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysic
A ‘good hospital’: nurse and patient perceptions of good clinical care for HIV-positive people on antiretroviral treatment in rural Zimbabwe— a mixed-methods qualitative study

Background: Antiretroviral treatment for HIV is gradually being made available across sub- Saharan Africa. With antiretroviral treatment, HIV can be approached as a chronic, manageable condition rather than a shorter-term issue of palliative care. This treatment involves repeated interaction between health staff and patients for ongoing check-ups and prescription refills.  Objective: This study aimed to understand patient and healthcare staff perceptions of good clinical antiretroviral treatment care.  Design: Over 100 h of ethnographic observation at healthcare sites; interviews and focus groups with 25 healthcentre workers (mostly nurses), 53 HIV-positive adults taking ARVs and 40 carers of children on ART. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis.  Setting: Three healthcare sites providing free antiretroviral drugs in rural Zimbabwe, where the adult HIV infection rate is approximately 20%.  Results: Contrary to reports of poor antiretroviral treatment adherence and task-oriented rather than patient-oriented nursing, our study found great patient commitment to adherence, outstanding nurse dedication and a pervasive sense of hope about coping with HIV. Within this context however there were some situations where patients and nurses had different expectations of the medical encounter, leading to stress and dissatisfaction. Patients and staff both emphasized the importance of nurse kindness, understanding, confidentiality and acceptance (i.e. treating HIV patients ‘like normal’) and patient adherence tomedical directions. However, nurses at times overlooked the negative effects of long wait times and frequent hospital visits. Further, nurses sometimes conflated medical adherence with general patient obedience in all aspects of the nurse–patient relationships. Patients and staff were frustrated by the ambiguity and unpredictability surrounding key elements of hospital visits such as how much patients had to pay for service, how long it would take to be served, and whether drugs or the doctor’s services would be available
Label free electrical detection of DNA hybridisation for the example of influenza virus gene sequences

Microarrays based on DNA???DNA hybridization are potentially useful for detecting and subtyping viruses but require fluorescence labeling and imaging equipment. We investigated a label-free electrical detection system using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy that is able to detect hybridization of DNA target sequences derived from avian H5N1 influenza virus to gold surface-attached singlestranded DNA oligonucleotide probes. A 23-nt probe is able to detect a 120-nt base fragment of the influenza A hemagglutinin gene sequence. We describe a novel method of data analysis that is compatible with automatic measurement without operator input, contrary to curve fitting used in conventional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data analysis. A systematic investigation of the detection signal for various spacer molecules between the oligonucleotide probe and the gold surface revealed that the signal/background ratio improves as the length of the spacer increases, with a 12- to 18-atom spacer element being optimal. The optimal spacer molecule allows a detection limit between 30 and 100 fmol DNA with a macroscopic gold disc electrode of 1 mm radius. The dependence of the detection signal on the concentration of a 23-nt target follows a binding curve with an approximate 1:1 stoichiometry and a dissociation constant of Kp = 13 ?? 4 nM at 295 K
Evaluation of the financial impact of electricity subsidy on the returns of tubewell owners and water buyers under declining watertables in Balochistan, Pakistan

This study examines the financial impacts of electricity subsidy on tubewell owners and water buyers, and proposes alternative subsidy policy options that could balance the efficiency and equity. The results suggest that the subsidy plays a key role in stabilising production by providing financial incentives to tubewell owners to stabilise extraction cost under the declining watertables. The removal of subsidy will have considerable financial implications on tubewell owners, as well as water buyers. Considering the equity concerns and possible social and political turmoil, in the short run the study proposes that subsidy on electricity may be reduced to 50% to avoid social unrest and political repercussions. However, in the long run, to achieve efficiency and sustainability, the study suggests: (i) adoption of more appropriate cropping patterns suitable with local climatic conditions; (ii) adoption of most suitable and highly efficient irrigation techniques and technology; (iii) improved long-term ground water security through groundwater recharge via construction of dams; and (iv) strengthening of water markets system and institutional infrastructure.
First observation of B0s → J/ψ f0(980) decays

Using data collected with the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, the hadronic decay Bs -> J/psi f0(980) is observed. This CP eigenstate mode could be used to measure mixing-induced CP violation in the B_s system. Using a fit to the pi+ pi- mass spectrum with interfering resonances gives R_{f0/phi} = [Gamma(Bs -> J/psi f0, f0 -> pi+ pi-)]/[Gamma(Bs -> J/psi phi, phi -> K+K-)] = 0.252^{+0.046+0.027}_{-0.032-0.033}, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively
Modelling weathering processes at the catchment scale:\ud
The WITCH numerical model

A numerical model of chemical weathering in soil horizons and underlying bedrock (WITCH) has been coupled to a numerical model of water and carbon cycles in forest ecosystems (ASPECTS) to simulate the concentration of major species within the soil horizons and the stream of the Strengbach granitic watershed, located in the Vosges Mountains (France). For the first time, simulations of solute concentrations in soil layers and in the catchment river have been performed on a seasonal basis. The model is able to reproduce the concentrations of most major species within the soil horizons, as well as catching the first-order seasonal fluctuations of aqueous calcium, magnesium and silica concentrations. However, the WITCH model underestimates concentrations of Mg2+ and silica at the spring of the catchment stream, and significantly underestimates Ca2+ concentration. The deficit in calculated calcium can be compensated for by dissolution of trace apatite disseminated in the bedrock. However, the resulting increased Ca2+  release yields important smectite precipitation in the deepest model layer (in contact with the bedrock) and subsequent removal of large amount of silica and magnesium from solution. In contrast, the model accurately accounts for the concentrations of major species (Ca, Mg and silica) measured in the catchment stream when precipitation of clay minerals is not allowed. The model underestimation of Mg2+ and H4SiO4 concentrations when precipitation of well crystallized smectites is allowed strongly suggests that precipitation of well crystallized clay minerals is overestimated and that more soluble poorly crystallized and amorphous materials may be forming. In agreement with observations on other watersheds draining granitic rocks, this study indicates that highly soluble trace calcic phases control the aqueous calcium budget in the Strengbach watershed
A mitochondrial import receptor for the ADP/ATP carrier

We have identified a mitochondrial outer membrane protein of 72 kd (MOM72) that exhibits the properties of an import receptor for the ADP/ATP carrier (AAC), the most abundant mitochondrial protein. Monospecific antibodies and Fab fragments against MOM72 selectively inhibit import of AAC at the level of specific binding to the mitochondria. AAC bound to the mitochondrial surface is coprecipitated with antibodies against MOM72 after lysis of mitochondria with detergent. MOM72 thus has a complementary function to that of MOM19, which acts as an import receptor for the majority of mitochondrial proteins studied so far but not for the AAC. The import pathway of the precursor of MOM72 appears to involve MOM19 as receptor.
Low-temperature dynamics of weakly localized Frenkel excitons in disordered linear chains

We calculate the temperature dependence of the fluorescence Stokes shift and the fluorescence decay time in linear Frenkel exciton systems resulting from the thermal redistribution of exciton population over the band states. The following factors, relevant to common experimental conditions, are accounted for in our kinetic model: (weak) localization of the exciton states by static disorder, coupling of the localized excitons to vibrations in the host medium, a possible nonequilibrium of the subsystem of localized Frenkel excitons on the time scale of the emission process, and different excitation conditions (resonant or nonresonant). A Pauli master equation, with microscopically calculated transition rates, is used to describe the redistribution of the exciton population over the manifold of localized exciton states. We find a counterintuitive nonmonotonic temperature dependence of the Stokes shift. In addition, we show that depending on experimental conditions, the observed fluorescence decay time may be determined by vibration-induced intraband relaxation, rather than radiative relaxation to the ground state. The model considered has relevance to a wide variety of materials, such as linear molecular aggregates, conjugated polymers, and polysilanes.
Highly versatile polyelectrolyte complexes for improving the enzyme replacement therapy of lysosomal storage disorders.

Lysosomal storage disorders are currently treated by enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) through the direct administration of the unprotected recombinant protein to the patients. Herein we present an ionically crosslinked polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) composed of trimethyl chitosan (TMC) and -galactosidase A (GLA), the defective enzyme in Fabry disease, with the capability of directly targeting endothelial cells by incorporating peptide ligands containing the RGD sequence. We assessed the physicochemical properties, cytotoxicity and hemocompatibility of RGD-targeted and un-targeted PECs, the uptake by endothelial cells and the intracellular activity of PECs in cell culture models of Fabry disease. Moreover, we also explored the effect of different freezedrying procedures in the overall activity of the PECs. Our results indicate that the use of integrin-binding RGD moiety within the PEC increases their uptake and the efficacy of the GLA enzyme, while the freeze-drying allows keeping intact the activity of the therapeutic protein. Overall, these results highlight the potential of TMC-based PECs as a highly versatile and feasible drug delivery system for improving the ERT of lysosomal storage disorders