pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Non-Abelian tensor gauge fields and higher-spin extension of Standard
  Model

We suggest an extension of the Yang-Mills theory which includes non-Abelian
tensor gauge fields. The invariant Lagrangian is quadratic in the field
strength tensors and describes interaction of charged tensor gauge bosons of
arbitrary large integer spin $1,2,...$. Non-Abelian tensor gauge fields can be
viewed as a unique gauge field with values in the infinite-dimensional current
algebra associated with compact Lie group. The full Lagrangian exhibits also
enhanced local gauge invariance with double number of gauge parameters which
allows to eliminate all negative norm states of the nonsymmetric second-rank
tensor gauge field, which describes therefore two polarizations of helicity-two
massless charged tensor gauge boson and the helicity-zero boson. The
geometrical interpretation of the enhanced gauge symmetry with double number of
gauge parameters is not yet known. We suggest higher-spin extension of the
electroweak theory and consider creation processes of new tensor gauge bosons.Comment: 14 pages, Latex, Talk given at Corfu Summer Institute, Corfu, Greece,
  2005,the normalization of second Lagrangian has been change
On supersymmetry and other properties of a class of marginally deformed
  backgrounds

We summarize our recent work on supergravity backgrounds dual to part of the
Coulomb branch of N=1 theories constructed as marginal deformations of N=4
Yang-Mills. In particular, we present a summary of the behaviour of the heavy
quark-antiquark potential which shows confining behaviour in the IR as well as
of the spectrum of the wave equation. The reduced supersymmetry is due to the
implementation of T-duality in the construction of the deformed supergravity
solutions. As a new result we analyze and explicitly solve the Killing spinor
equations of the N=1 background in the superconformal limit.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the RTN Corfu workshop, September
  200
Heterotic Vacua from general (non-) Abelian Bundles

We report on the construction of four-dimensional string vacua by considering
general abelian and non-abelian bundles on an internal Calabi-Yau for both
heterotic theories. The structure of the resulting gauge sector is extremely
rich and gives rise to many new model building possibilities. We analyse the
chiral spectrum including the contribution from heterotic five-branes and
provide the general consistency conditions. The one-loop corrected
supersymmetry condition on the bundles is found to be that of pi-stability. As
an application we present a supersymmetric Standard-Model like example for the
SO(32) string with U(n) bundles on an elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau.Comment: 8 pages; Contribution to the proceedings of the RTN network
  conference "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe"
  in Corfu, Greece, 20-26 September 2005; v2: typo in equation (11) corrected
  and one footnote adde
Marginal Deformations of Tree-Level N=4 SYM from Twistor String Theory

The topological B-model with target the supertwistor space CP(3|4) is known
to describe perturbative amplitudes of N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory. We review
the extension of this correspondence to the superconformal gauge theories that
arise as marginal deformations of N=4 by considering the effects of turning on
a certain closed string background, which results in non-anticommutativity in
the fermionic directions of CP(3|4). We generalise the twistor string
prescription for amplitudes to this case and illustrate it with some simple
examples.Comment: 7 pages. Talk by K. Z. at the RTN conference "Constituents,
  Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe", Corfu, Greece, Sept.
  20-26, 2005. Contribution to the proceeding
Gauge/String Duality in Confining Theories

This is the content of a set of lectures given at the XIII Jorge Andre Swieca
Summer School on Particles and Fields, held in Campos do Jordao, Brazil in
January 2005. They intend to be a basic introduction to the topic of
gauge/gravity duality in confining theories. We start by reviewing some key
aspects of the low energy physics of non-Abelian gauge theories. Then, we
present the basics of the AdS/CFT correspondence and its extension both to
gauge theories in different spacetime dimensions with sixteen supercharges and
to more realistic situations with less supersymmetry. We discuss the different
options of interest: placing D-branes at singularities and wrapping D-branes in
calibrated cycles of special holonomy manifolds. We finally present an outline
of a number of non-perturbative phenomena in non-Abelian gauge theories as seen
from supergravity.Comment: 70 pages, 8 figures, Lectures given at XIII Jorge Andre Swieca Summer
  School on Particle and Fields, Campos do Jordao, Brazil, January 2005; v2:
  several explanations were expanded and improved while an oversight, some
  typos and the list of references were corrected; v3: minor amendments and a
  few references added; v4: citations added, final versio
A probabilistic approach to quantum mechanics based on tomograms

It is usually believed that a picture of Quantum Mechanics in terms of true
probabilities cannot be given due to the uncertainty relations. Here we discuss
a tomographic approach to quantum states that leads to a probability
representation of quantum states. This can be regarded as a classical-like
formulation of quantum mechanics which avoids the counterintuitive concepts of
wave function and density operator. The relevant concepts of quantum mechanics
are then reconsidered and the epistemological implications of such approach
discussed
Full Counting Statistics of Interacting Electrons

In order to fully characterize the noise associated with electron transport,
with its severe consequences for solid-state quantum information systems, the
theory of full counting statistics has been developed. It accounts for
correlation effects associated with the statistics and effects of entanglement,
but it remains a non-trivial task to account for interaction effects. In this
article we present two examples: we describe electron transport through quantum
dots with strong charging effects beyond perturbation theory in the tunneling,
and we analyze current fluctuations in a diffusive interacting conductor.Comment: To be published in special issue of "Fortschritte der Physik" (ed. by
  Wolfgang Schleich
Creating and probing long-range order in atomic clouds

Ultracold atoms interacting with the optical modes of a high-Q optical ring
cavity can synchronize their motion. The collective behavior makes the system
interesting for quantum computing applications. This paper is devoted to the
study of the collective coupling. We report on the first observation of a
collective dynamics and on the realization of a laser, the gain mechanism of
which is based on collective atomic recoil. We show that, if the atoms are
subject to a friction force, starting from an unordered distribution they
spontaneously form a moving density grating. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a
1D atomic density grating can be probed via Bragg scattering. By heterodyning
the Bragg-reflected light with a reference beam, we obtain detailed information
on phase shifts induced by the Bragg scattering process
High Resolution Rydberg Spectroscopy of ultracold Rubidium Atoms

We present experiments on two-photon excitation of ${\rm ^{87}}$Rb atoms to
Rydberg states. For this purpose, two continuous-wave (cw)-laser systems for
both 780 nm and 480 nm have been set up. These systems are optimized to a small
linewidth (well below 1 MHz) to get both an efficient excitation process and
good spectroscopic resolution. To test the performance of our laser system, we
investigated the Stark splitting of Rydberg states. For n=40 we were able to
see the hyperfine levels splitting in the electrical field for different
finestructure states. To show the ability of spatially selective excitation to
Rydberg states, we excited rubidium atoms in an electrical field gradient and
investigated both linewidths and lineshifts. Furthermore we were able to excite
the atoms selectively from the two hyperfine ground states to Rydberg states.
Finally, we investigated the Autler-Townes splitting of the
5S$_{1/2}$$\to$5P$_{3/2}$ transition via a Rydberg state to determine the Rabi
frequency of this excitation step.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
Detecting Neutral Atoms on an Atom Chip

Detecting single atoms (qubits) is a key requirement for implementing quantum
information processing on an atom chip. The detector should ideally be
integrated on the chip. Here we present and compare different methods capable
of detecting neutral atoms on an atom chip. After a short introduction to
fluorescence and absorption detection we discuss cavity enhanced detection of
single atoms. In particular we concentrate on optical fiber based detectors
such as fiber cavities and tapered fiber dipole traps. We discuss the various
constraints in building such detectors in detail along with the current
implementations on atom chips. Results from experimental tests of fiber
integration are also described. In addition we present a pilot experiment for
atom detection using a concentric cavity to verify the required scaling.Comment: 13 pages, 12 figure
Optimization of segmented linear Paul traps and transport of stored
  particles

Single ions held in linear Paul traps are promising candidates for a future
quantum computer. Here, we discuss a two-layer microstructured segmented linear
ion trap. The radial and axial potentials are obtained from numeric field
simulations and the geometry of the trap is optimized. As the trap electrodes
are segmented in the axial direction, the trap allows the transport of ions
between different spatial regions. Starting with realistic numerically obtained
axial potentials, we optimize the transport of an ion such that the motional
degrees of freedom are not excited, even though the transport speed far exceeds
the adiabatic regime. In our optimization we achieve a transport within roughly
two oscillation periods in the axial trap potential compared to typical
adiabatic transports that take of the order 100 oscillations. Furthermore
heating due to quantum mechanical effects is estimated and suppression
strategies are proposed
Quantum Information Processing in Optical Lattices and Magnetic
  Microtraps

We review our experiments on quantum information processing with neutral
atoms in optical lattices and magnetic microtraps.
  Atoms in an optical lattice in the Mott insulator regime serve as a large
qubit register. A spin-dependent lattice is used to split and delocalize the
atomic wave functions in a controlled and coherent way over a defined number of
lattice sites. This is used to experimentally demonstrate a massively parallel
quantum gate array, which allows the creation of a highly entangled many-body
cluster state through coherent collisions between atoms on neighbouring lattice
sites.
  In magnetic microtraps on an atom chip, we demonstrate coherent manipulation
of atomic qubit states and measure coherence lifetimes exceeding one second at
micron-distance from the chip surface. We show that microwave near-fields on
the chip can be used to create state-dependent potentials for the
implementation of a quantum controlled phase gate with these robust qubit
states. For single atom detection and preparation, we have developed high
finesse fiber Fabry-Perot cavities and integrated them on the atom chip. We
present an experiment in which we detected a very small number of cold atoms
magnetically trapped in the cavity using the atom chip.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, corrected author lis
Transport dynamics of single ions in segmented microstructured Paul trap
  arrays

It was recently proposed to use small groups of trapped ions as qubit
carriers in miniaturized electrode arrays that comprise a large number of
individual trapping zones, between which ions could be moved. This approach
might be scalable for quantum information processing with a large numbers of
qubits. Processing of quantum information is achieved by transporting ions to
and from separate memory and qubit manipulation zones in between quantum logic
operations. The transport of ion groups in this scheme plays a major role and
requires precise experimental control and fast transport. In this paper we
introduce a theoretical framework to study ion transport in external potentials
that might be created by typical miniaturized Paul trap electrode arrays. In
particular we discuss the relationship between classical and quantum
descriptions of the transport and study the energy transfer to the oscillatory
motion during near-adiabatic transport. Based on our findings we suggest a
numerical method to find electrode potentials as a function of time to optimize
the local potential an ion experiences during transport. We demonstrate this
method for one specific electrode geometry that should closely represent the
situation encountered in realistic trap arrays.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure
On the Existence of Non-Supersymmetric Black Hole Attractors for
  Two-Parameter Calabi-Yau's and Attractor Equations

We look for possible nonsupersymmetric black hole attractor solutions for
type II compactification on (the mirror of) CY_3(2,128) expressed as a
degree-12 hypersurface in WCP^4[1,1,2,2,6]. In the process, (a) for points away
from the conifold locus, we show that the attractors could be connected to an
elliptic curve fibered over C^8 which may also be "arithmetic" (in some cases,
it is possible to interpret the extremization conditions as an endomorphism
involving complex multiplication of an arithmetic elliptic curve), and (b) for
points near the conifold locus, we show that the attractors correspond to a
version of A_1-singularity in the space Image(Z^6-->R^2/Z_2(embedded in R^3))
fibered over the complex structure moduli space. The potential can be thought
of as a real (integer) projection in a suitable coordinate patch of the
Veronese map: CP^5-->CP^{20}, fibered over the complex structure moduli space.
We also discuss application of the equivalent Kallosh's attractor equations for
nonsupersymmetric attractors and show that (a) for points away from the
conifold locus, the attractor equations demand that the attractor solutions be
independent of one of the two complex structure moduli, and (b) for points near
the conifold locus, the attractor equations imply switching off of one of the
six components of the fluxes. Both these features are more obvious using the
atractor equations than the extremization of the black hole potential.Comment: 1+29 pages, LaTeX; to appear in Fortsch. der Physi
Gauge sector statistics of intersecting D-brane models

In this article, which is based on the first part of my PhD thesis, I review
the statistics of the open string sector in T^6/(Z_2xZ_2) orientifold
compactifications of the type IIA string. After an introduction to the
orientifold setup, I discuss the two different techniques that have been
developed to analyse the gauge sector statistics, using either a saddle point
approximation or a direct computer based method. The two approaches are
explained and compared by means of eight- and six-dimensional toy models. In
the four-dimensional case the results are presented in detail. Special emphasis
is put on models containing phenomenologically interesting gauge groups and
chiral matter, in particular those containing a standard model or SU(5) part.Comment: 51 pages, 29 figures; v2: ref. added, version to appear in Fortsch.
  Phys; v3: ref. adde
Superalgebras of Dirac operators on manifolds with special Killing-Yano
  tensors

We present the properties of new Dirac-type operators generated by real or
complex-valued special Killing-Yano tensors that are covariantly constant and
represent roots of the metric tensor. In the real case these are just the so
called complex or hyper-complex structures of the K\" ahlerian manifolds. Such
a Killing-Yano tensor produces simultaneously a Dirac-type operator and the
generator of a one-parameter Lie group connecting this operator with the
standard Dirac one. In this way the Dirac operators are related among
themselves through continuous transformations associated with specific discrete
ones. We show that the group of these continuous transformations can be only
U(1) or SU(2). It is pointed out that the Dirac and Dirac-type operators can
form N=4 superalgebras whose automorphisms combine isometries with the SU(2)
transformation generated by the Killing-Yano tensors. As an example we study
the automorphisms of the superalgebras of Dirac operators on Minkowski
spacetime.Comment: 35 page
Geometric Transitions on non-Kaehler Manifolds

This article is based on the author's PhD--thesis. We study geometric
transitions on the supergravity level using the basic idea of
arXiv:hep-th/0403288, where a pair of non-Kaehler backgrounds was constructed,
which are related by a geometric transition. Here we embed this idea into an
orientifold setup as suggested in arXiv:hep-th/0511099. The non-Kaehler
backgrounds we obtain in type IIA are non-trivially fibered due to their
construction from IIB via T-duality with Neveu-Schwarz flux. We demonstrate
that these non-Kaehler manifolds are not half-flat and show that a symplectic
structure exists on them at least locally.
  We also review the construction of new non-Kaehler backgrounds in type I and
heterotic theory as proposed in arXiv:hep-th/0408192. They are found by a
series of T- and S-duality and can be argued to be related by geometric
transitions as well. A local toy model is provided that fulfills the flux
equations of motion in IIB and the torsional relation in heterotic theory, and
that is consistent with the U-duality relating both theories. For the heterotic
theory we also propose a global solution that fulfills the torsional relation
because it is similar to the Maldacena-Nunez background.Comment: 127 pages, based on PhD-thesis, v2 some references added, this
  version to appear in Fort. Phy
String Theory: exact solutions, marginal deformations and hyperbolic
  spaces

This thesis is almost entirely devoted to studying string theory backgrounds
characterized by simple geometrical and integrability properties. The archetype
of this type of system is given by Wess-Zumino-Witten models, describing string
propagation in a group manifold or, equivalently, a class of conformal field
theories with current algebras. We study the moduli space of such models by
using truly marginal deformations. Particular emphasis is placed on asymmetric
deformations that, together with the CFT description, enjoy a very nice
spacetime interpretation in terms of the underlying Lie algebra. Then we take a
slight detour so to deal with off-shell systems. Using a renormalization-group
approach we describe the relaxation towards the symmetrical equilibrium
situation. In he final chapter we consider backgrounds with Ramond-Ramond field
and in particular we analyze direct products of constant-curvature spaces and
find solutions with hyperbolic spaces.Comment: PhD thesis, 168 page
Moduli Stabilisation and Applications in IIB String Theory

This article represents the author's PhD thesis. It describes moduli
stabilisation in IIB string theory and applications to phenomenological topics.
The first half of the thesis starts with an introductory review. It continues
with an account of the statistics of complex structure moduli stabilisation
before moving to Kahler moduli stabilisation. It describes in detail the
large-volumes models and justifies the assumptions used in their construction.
The second half of the thesis is concerned with applications to
phenomenological topics. These include supersymmetry breaking and soft terms,
inflationary model building and axions.Comment: 219 pages, 16 figures. Author's PhD thesi
Anomalous U(1)'s, Chern-Simons couplings and the Standard Model

This proceeding is based on hep-th/0605225 and it shows that the most general
anomaly related effective action contains Stuckelberg, axionic and
Chern-Simons-like couplings. Such couplings are generically non-trivial in
orientifold string vacua. A similar analysis in quantum field theories provides
similar couplings. These Chern-Simons couplings generate new signals which
might be visible at LHC.Comment: 9 pages, 2 eps figures, LaTeX, feynmf & youngtab packages. (v2:
  references added). Contribution to the proceedings of the RTN project
  "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe" conference
  in Naples, October 9 - 13, 2006 and the PRIN meeting in Alessandria, December
  15-16, 200
Fixing moduli in exact Type IIA flux vacua

Type IIA flux compactifications with O6-planes have been argued from a four
dimensional effective theory point of view to admit stable, moduli free
solutions. We discuss in detail the ten dimensional description of such vacua
and present exact supersymmetric solutions in the case when the O6-charge is
smoothly distributed: the geometry is Calabi-Yau and the dilaton is constant.
In the localized case, the solution is a half-flat, non-Calabi-Yau metric but
still with constant dilaton. Finally, using the ten dimensional description we
show how all moduli are stabilized and reproduce precisely the results of de
Wolfe et al. Based on arXiv:hep-th/0607223.Comment: 6 pages, Latex, uses w-art-mod class (included). To appear in the
  proceedings of the RTN workshop "Forces of the Universe", Naples, October
  9-13, 200
Instanton Calculus With R-R Background And Topological Strings

The non-perturbative low energy effective action of N=2 SYM is studied within
a microscopic string realization via D3/D-instanton systems. The localization
deformation of instanton moduli space which has allowed the exact computation
of multi-instanton contributions is, in this setting, due to a RR graviphoton
background. The relation of deformed instanton contributions to topological
string amplitudes on CY, argued by Nekrasov, appears quite natural in this
framework. Based on arXiv:hep-th/0606013.Comment: 5 pages, 3 fig.s, Latex, uses w-art class (included). To appear in
  the proceedings of the RTN workshop "ForcesUniverse", Naples, October 9-13,
  200
A Note on the String Dual of N=1 SQCD-like Theories

In this note we describe how N=1 SQCD-like theories with a large number of
flavors can be given a dual description in terms of a string background
containing a large number of additional D5-branes. The dual geometries account
for the backreaction of the additional branes: they depend on the ratio between
the number of flavors and colors of the gauge theory.
  This note is based on hep-th/0602027. We present here also a new set of
solutions, which are not included in the original paper.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the RTN
  project "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe"
  conference in Naples, October 9 - 13, 200
Exact discretness and mass gap of N=1 symplectic Yang-Mills from
  M-theory

In this note we summarize some of the results found recently in
hep-th/0609054. We show the pure discretness of the non-perturbative quantum
spectrum of a symplectic Yang-Mills theory defined on a Riemann surface of
positive genus, living in a target space that, in particular, can be 4D. This
theory corresponds to the membrane with central charges. The presence of the
central charge induces a confinement in the phase at zero temperature. When the
energy rises, the center of the group breaks and the theory enters in a
quark-plasma phase after a topological transition, corresponding to the N=4
wrapped supermembrane.Comment: 5pg, latex, w-art class. To appear in the proceedings "RTN
  ForcesUniverse" Naples, October 9-13, 200
Calibrations on spaces with GxG-structure

In these notes we give an introduction to the concept of spaces with
GxG-structure and their structured submanifolds. These objects generalise the
classical notion of a calibrated submanifold. Therefore, they are interesting
from a string theory viewpoint as they are relevant to describe D-branes in
string compactifications on backgrounds with fluxes.Comment: 4 pages; contribution to the proceedings of the RTN workshop
  "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe", Naples,
  Italy, 9-13 Oct 200