pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Latent hardening size effect in small-scale plasticity

We aim at understanding the multislip behaviour of metals subject to irreversible deformations at small-scales. By focusing on the simple shear of a constrained single-crystal strip, we show that discrete Dislocation Dynamics (DD) simulations predict a strong latent hardening size effect, with smaller being stronger in the range [1.5 µm, 6 µm] for the strip height. We attempt to represent the DD pseudo-experimental results by developing a flow theory of Strain Gradient Crystal Plasticity (SGCP), involving both energetic and dissipative higher-order terms and, as a main novelty, a strain gradient extension of the conventional latent hardening. In order to discuss the capability of the SGCP theory proposed, we implement it into a Finite Element (FE) code and set its material parameters on the basis of the DD results. The SGCP FE code is specifically developed for the boundary value problem under study so that we can implement a fully implicit (Backward Euler) consistent algorithm. Special emphasis is placed on the discussion of the role of the material length scales involved in the SGCP model, from both the mechanical and numerical points of view
Right-handed neutrino production rate at        T > 160 GeV

The production rate of right-handed neutrinos from a   Standard Model plasma at a temperature above a hundred GeV has   previously been evaluated up to NLO in Standard Model couplings (g ∼ 2/3) in relativistic (M ∼ πT) and non-relativistic regimes (M ≫ πT), and up to LO in an ultrarelativistic regime (M ≲ gT). The last result necessitates an all-orders resummation of the loop expansion, accounting for multiple soft scatterings of the nearly light-like particles participating in 1 ↔ 2 reactions. In this paper we suggest how
the regimes can be interpolated into a result applicable for any right-handed neutrino mass and at all temperatures above 160GeV. The results can also be used for determining the lepton number washout rate in models containing right-handed neutrinos. Numerical results are given in a tabulated form permitting for their incorporation into leptogenesis codes. We note that due to effects from soft Higgs bosons there is a narrow intermediate regime around  (M ∼ g1/2T in which our interpolation is phenomenological and   a more precise study would be welcome
Holographic charge localization at brane intersections

Using gauge/gravity duality, we investigate charge localization near an inter-face in a strongly coupled system. For this purpose we consider a top-down holographic model and determine its conductivities. Our model corresponds to a holographic interface which localizes charge around a (1+1)-dimensional defect in a (2+1)-dimensional system. The setup consists of a D3/D5 intersection at finite temperature and charge density. We work in the probe limit, and consider massive embeddings of a D5-brane where the mass depends on one of the field theory spatial directions, with a profile interpolating between a negative and a positive value. We compute the conductivity in the direction parallel and perpendicular to the interface. For the latter case we are able to express the DC conductivity as a function of background horizon data. At the interface, the DC conductivity in the parallel direction is enhanced up to five times with respect to that in the orthogonal one. We study the implications of broken translation invariance for the AC and DC conductivities
R-implications and the exchange principle: The case of border continuous t-norms

It is well-known that the residual of a left-continuous t-norm satisfies the exchange principle (EP). However, the left-continuity of a t-norm is only sufficient and not necessary, as many examples in the literature illustrate. In this work we study the necessary and sufficient conditions on a t-norm for its residual to satisfy (EP). We present a complete characterization of two classes of t-norms whose residuals satisfy (EP), viz., t-norms that are border-continuous and those that have an ordinal sum representation. Based on the obtained results we characterize t-norms, whose residuals satisfy both the exchange principle and the ordering property
Syntheses and structures of dimeric sodium and potassium complexes of 2,6-diisopropyl-Anilidophosphine borane ligand

We report here the syntheses and structural studies of dimeric sodium and potassium complexes of composition [Na(THF)2{Ph2P(BH3)N(2,6- i Pr2C6H6)}]2 (2) and [K(THF)2{Ph2P(BH3)N(2,6- i Pr2C6H6)}]2 (3). The sodium complex 2 was readily prepared by the reaction of sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide with 2,6-diisopropylanilidophosphine-borane ligand [2,6- i Pr2C6H3NHP(BH3)Ph2] (1-H) at ambient temperature. The potassium complex 3 was prepared by two synthetic routes: in the first method, the ligand 1-H was made to react with potassium hydride at room temperature to afford the corresponding potassium complex. The potassium bis(trimethylsilyl)amides were made to react with protic ligand 1-H in the second method to eliminate the volatile bis(trimethyl)silyl amine. Solid-state structures of both the new complexes were established by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. In the molecular structures of complexes 2, the sodium metal is coordinated by the anilido nitrogen (η 1) and borane group (η 1) attached to the phosphorus atom of ligand 1. In contrast, for compound 2, ligand 1 displays η 6 π-arene interaction from 2,6-diisopopylphenyl ring with potassium atom along with η 3 interaction of BH3 group due to larger ionic radius of potassium ion
Bidirectional fluxes of spermine across the mitochondrial membrane.

The polyamine spermine is transported into the\ud
mitochondrial matrix by an electrophoretic mechanism\ud
having as driving force the negative electrical membrane\ud
potential (DW). The presence of phosphate increases\ud
spermine uptake by reducingDpH and enhancingDW. The\ud
transport system is a specific uniporter constituted by a\ud
protein channel exhibiting two asymmetric energy barriers\ud
with the spermine binding site located in the energy well\ud
between the two barriers. Although spermine transport is\ud
electrophoretic in origin, its accumulation does not follow\ud
the Nernst equation for the presence of an efflux pathway.\ud
Spermine efflux may be induced by different agents, such as\ud
FCCP, antimycin A and mersalyl, able to completely or\ud
partially reduce theDWvalue and, consequently, suppress\ud
or weaken the force necessary to maintain spermine in the\ud
matrix. However this efflux may also take place in normal\ud
conditions when the electrophoretic accumulation of the\ud
polycationic polyamine induces a sufficient drop inDWable\ud
to trigger the efflux pathway. The release of the polyamine\ud
is most probably electroneutral in origin and can take place\ud
in exchange with protons or in symport with phosphate\ud
anion. The activity of both the uptake and efflux pathways\ud
induces a continuous cycling of spermine across the mitochondrial membrane, the rate of which may be prominent in imposing the concentrations of spermine in the inner and\ud
outer compartment. Thus, this event has a significant role on\ud
mitochondrial permeability transition modulation and consequently on the triggering of intrinsic apoptosis
Nucleation barriers in tetrahedral liquids spanning glassy and crystallizing regimes

Crystallization and vitrification of tetrahedral liquids are important both from a fundamental and a technological point of view. Here, we study via extensive umbrella sampling Monte Carlo computer simulations the nucleation barriers for a simple model for tetrahedral patchy particles in the regime where open tetrahedral crystal structures (namely, cubic and hexagonal diamond and their stacking hybrids) are thermodynamically stable. We show that by changing the angular bond width, it is possible to move from a glass-forming model to a readily crystallizing model. From the shape of the barrier we infer the role of surface tension in the formation of the crystalline clusters. Studying the trends of the nucleation barriers with the temperature and the patch width, we are able to identify an optimal value of the patch size that leads to easy nucleation. Finally, we find that the nucleation barrier is the same, within our numerical precision, for both diamond crystals and for their stacking forms. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3638046
Reductions in children’s vicariously learnt avoidance and heart rate responses using positive modeling

Recent research has indicated that vicarious learning can lead to increases in children’s fear beliefs and avoidance preferences for stimuli and that these fear responses can subsequently be reversed using positive modeling (counterconditioning). The current study investigated children’s vicariously acquired avoidance behavior, physiological responses (heart rate), and attentional bias for stimuli and whether these could also be reduced via counterconditioning. Ninety-six (49 boys, 47 girls) 7- to 11-year-olds received vicarious fear learning for novel stimuli and were then randomly assigned to a counterconditioning, extinction, or control group. Fear beliefs and avoidance preferences were measured pre- and post-learning, whereas avoidance behavior, heart rate, and attentional bias were all measured post-learning. Control group children showed increases in fear beliefs and avoidance preferences for animals seen in vicarious fear learning trials. In addition, significantly greater avoidance behavior, heart rate responding, and attentional bias were observed for these animals compared to a control animal. In contrast, vicariously acquired avoidance preferences of children in the counterconditioning group were significantly reduced post-positive modeling, and these children also did not show the heightened heart rate responding to fear-paired animals. Children in the extinction group demonstrated comparable responses to the control group; thus the extinction procedure showed no effect on any fear measures. The findings suggest that counterconditioning with positive modelling can be used as an effective early intervention to reduce the behavioral and physiological effects of vicarious fear learning in childhood
OpenMOLE, a workflow engine specifically tailored for the distributed exploration of simulation models

International audienceComplex-systems describe multiple levels of collective structure and organization. In such systems, the emergence of global behaviour from local interactions is generally studied through large scale experiments on numerical models. This analysis generates important computation loads which require the use of multi-core servers, clusters or grid computing. Dealing with such large scale executions is especially challenging for modellers who don't possess the theoretical and methodological skills required to take advantage of high performance computing environments. That's why we have designed a cloud approach for model experimentation. This approach has been implemented in OpenMOLE (Open MOdel Experiment) as a Domain Specific Language (DSL) that leverages the naturally parallel aspect of model experiments. The OpenMOLE DSL has been designed to explore user-supplied models. It delegates transparently their numerous executions to remote execution environment. From a user perspective, those environments are viewed as services providing computing power, therefore no technical detail is ever exposed. This paper presents the OpenMOLE DSL through the example of a toy model exploration and through the automated calibration of a real-world complex system model in the field of geography
Change in the hydraulic properties of a Brazilian clay Ferralsol on clearing for pasture.

Ferralsols under native vegetation have a weak to moderate macrostructure and a well-developed microstructure corresponding to subrounded microaggregates that are usually 80 to 300 μm in size. The aim of this study was to analyze how the hydraulic properties of a clay Ferralsol were affected by a change of structure when the native vegetation is cleared for pasture. We studied the macrostructure in the field and microstructure in scanning electron microscopy. The water retention properties were determined by using pressure cell equipment. We determined the saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, by applying a constant hydraulic head to saturated core samples, and the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(Ψ), by applying the evaporation method to undisturbed core samples. Results showed a significant decrease in the water retained at −1 and −10 hPa from 0- to 40-cm-depth when the native vegetation is cleared for pasture. That decrease in the water retained was related to a smaller development of microaggregation and greater proportion of microaggregates in close packing. For smaller water potential, there was no difference of water retained at every depth between native vegetation and pasture. Pedotransfer functions established earlier for Brazilian Ferralsols and using clay content as single predictor gave pretty good results but the precision of the estimation decreased when the water potential increased. This decrease in the precision was related to the lack of predictor taking structure into account. Ks and K(Ψ) showed an upward trend with depth under native vegetation and pasture. Except at 0–7-cm depth between the Brachiaria clumps in the pasture where smaller Ks and K(Ψ) than at the other depth was recorded whatever land use, we did not record any significant difference of Ks and K(Ψ) at every depth between native vegetation and pasture. The upward trend shown by the hydraulic conductivity with depth was related to the increase in the development of microaggregation with depth
Understanding Leaves in Natural Images - A Model-Based Approach for Tree Species Identification

International audienceWith the aim of elaborating a mobile application, accessible to anyone and with educational purposes, we present a method for tree species identification that relies on dedicated algorithms and explicit botany-inspired descriptors. Focusing on the analysis of leaves, we developed a working process to help recognize species, starting from a picture of a leaf in a complex natural background. A two-step active contour segmentation algorithm based on a polygonal leaf model processes the image to retrieve the contour of the leaf. Features we use afterwards are high-level geometrical descriptors that make a semantic interpretation possible, and prove to achieve better performance than more generic and statistical shape descriptors alone. We present the results, both in terms of segmentation and classification, considering a database of 50 European broad-leaved tree species, and an implementation of the system is available in the iPhone application Folia
An Interdisciplinary Perspective on Education Service Systems

Part 3: Finance and Service ScienceInternational audienceThe increased complexity in education systems has given rise to a number of intersecting trends and calling for a discipline to integrate across academic silos. As the concept of service innovation advances more rapidly into education services; industry, government, and academy are awakened to the concept of embedding services innovation. This theoretical paper offers an integrated framework for education systems (IFES) covering two intersecting dimensions where service innovation and service science can take place. As an effort to contribute in the area of service innovation and service sciences, an interdisciplinary approach is applied, interconnecting an array of competences across the different stakeholders. It is hypothesized that to increase productivity in education industries, interconnecting knowledge and resources from diverse areas and across different stakeholders through the co-lineation of four dimensions: (1) information, communications and technology; (2) skills and tools; (3) people and attitudes; (4) systems, processes and management; are essential to creating service innovation. This paper contributes a perspective of interconnectivity balanced with harmony that are crucial for effective productivity and service innovation by adopting a service science approach
Learning and Sophistication in Coordination Games

International audienceThis paper studies the role of strategic teaching in coordination games and whether changing the incentives of players to teach leads to more efficient coordination. We ran experiments where subjects played one of four coordination games in constant pairings, where the incentives to teach were varied along two dimensions--the short run cost of teaching and the long run benefit to teaching. We show which aspects of the game lead subjects to adopt long run teaching strategies, and show that subjects try to manipulate their opponent's actions to pull them out of a situation of coordination failure. We also show that extending a model of decision making by introducing a forward-looking component helps to track teachers' behaviour more accurately, and describes the way players behave in a more unified way across both teachers and learners
Trade costs and the Home Market Effect

International audienceMost of the theoretical and empirical studies on the Home Market Effect (HME) assume the existence of an \outside good" that absorbs all trade imbalances and equalizes wages. We study the consequences on the HME of removing this assumption. The HME is attenuated and, more interestingly, it becomes non-linear. The non-linearity implies that the HME is more important for very large and very small countries than for medium size countries. The empirical investigation conducted on a database comprising 25 indus- tries, 25 countries, and 7 years con¯rms the presence of the HME and of its non-linear shape
Do Science and Money Go Together? The Case of the French Biotech Industry

International audienceDeveloping technological applications, entering exploitation alliances, and choosing between a research- or service-focused strategic orientation are decisions that high-tech firms must manage concurrently. This paper explores systematically the contrasting effects of these strategic determinants on rent-generation and rent-appropriation using the entire population of French biotech firms (1994-2002). Findings indicate that science and money do not go unconditionally together - the direct relationship between rent-accruing resources (e.g., patents or articles) and rent appropriation varies depending on the type of resources and the strategic orientation. Moreover, the effects of strategic determinants differ for rent-generation vs. rent-appropriation: 1) technological application diversity undermines a firm's capacity to appropriate rents - in particular for research-oriented firms; 2) exploitation alliances favor rent generation but hinder rent appropriation; 3) service-oriented firms exhibit significantly better performance than research-oriented firms. Such evidence challenges the emergence in the biotechnology industry of a 'one-best' strategic trajectory, as represented by research-intensive start-ups funded by private money engaged in publishing and patenting races
Pushdown Module Checking with Imperfect Information

International audienceThe model checking problem for finite-state open systems (module checking) has been extensively studied in the literature, both in the context of environments with perfect and imperfect information about the system. Recently , the perfect information case has been extended to infinite-state systems (pushdown module checking). In this paper, we extend pushdown module checking to the imperfect information setting; i.e., to the case where the environment has only a partial view of the system's control states and push-down store content. We study the complexity of this problem with respect to the branching-time temporal logics CTL, CTL * and the propositional µ-calculus. We show that pushdown module checking, which is by itself harder than pushdown model checking, becomes undecidable when the environment has imperfect information. We also show that undecidability relies on hiding information about the pushdown store. Indeed, we prove that with imperfect information about the control states, but a visible pushdown store, the problem is decidable and its complexity is 2Exptime-complete for CTL and the propositional µ-calculus, and 3Exptime-complete for CTL *
Cerebral venous thrombosis in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoblastic lymphoma during induction chemotherapy with l-asparaginase: The GRAALL experience

International audienceCentral nervous system (CNS) thrombotic events are a well-known complication of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) induction therapy, especially with treatments including l-asparaginase (l-ASP). Data on risk factors and clinical evolution is still lacking in adult patients. We report on the clinical evolution of 22 CNS venous thrombosis cases occurring in 708 adults treated for ALL or lymphoblastic lymphoma (LL) with the Group for Research on Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (GRAALL)-induction protocol, which included eight L-ASP (6,000 IU/m2) infusions. The prevalence of CNS thrombosis was 3.1%. CNS thrombosis occurred after a median of 18 days (range: 11–31) when patients had received a median of three l-ASP injections (range: 2–7). Patients with CNS thrombosis exhibited a median antithrombin (AT) nadir of 47.5% (range: 36–67%) at Day 17 (range: D3–D28), and 95% of them exhibited AT levels lower than 60%. There were no evident increase in hereditary thrombotic risk factors prevalence, and thrombosis occurred despite heparin prophylaxis which was performed in 90% of patients. Acquired AT deficiency was frequently detected in patients with l-ASP-based therapy, and patients with CNS thrombosis received AT prophylaxis (45%) less frequently than patients without CNS thrombosis (83%), P = 0.0002). CNS thrombosis was lethal in 5% of patients, while 20% had persistent sequelae. One patient received all planned l-ASP infusions without recurrence of CNS thrombotic whereas l-ASP injections were discontinued in 20 patients during the management of thrombosis without a significant impact on overall survival (P = 0.4). Am. J. Hematol. 90:986–991, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, In
2D Grushin-type equations: minimal time and null controllable data

International audienceWe study internal null controllability for degenerate parabolic equa-tions of Grushin-type Gγ = ∂_{xx} + |x|^2γ ∂_{yy} , (γ > 0), in the rectangle (x, y) ∈ Ω = (−1, 1) × (0, 1). Previous works proved that null controllability holds for weak degen-eracies (γ small), and fails for strong degeneracies (γ large). Moreover, in the transition regime and with strip shaped control domains, a positive minimal time is required. In this paper, we work with controls acting on two strips, symmetric with respect to the degeneracy. We give the explicit value of the minimal time and we characterize the initial data that can be steered to zero in time T (when the system is not null controllable): their regularity depends on the control domain and the time T . We also prove that, with a control that acts on one strip, touching the degeneracy line {x = 0}, then Grushin-type equations are null controllable in any time T > 0 and for any degeneracy γ > 0. Our approach is based on a precise study of the observability property for the one-dimensional heat equations satisfied by the Fourier coefficients in variable y. This precise study is done, through a transmutation process, on the resulting one-dimensional wave equations, by lateral propagation of energy method