pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Matching of gauge invariant dimension 6 operators for $b\to s$ and $b\to
  c$ transitions

New physics realized above the electroweak scale can be encoded in a model
independent way in the Wilson coefficients of higher dimensional operators
which are invariant under the Standard Model gauge group. In this article, we
study the matching of the $SU(3)_C \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$ gauge
invariant dim-6 operators on the standard $B$ physics Hamiltonian relevant for
$b \to s$ and $b\to c$ transitions. The matching is performed at the
electroweak scale (after spontaneous symmetry breaking) by integrating out the
top quark, $W$, $Z$ and the Higgs particle. We first carry out the matching of
the dim-6 operators that give a contribution at tree level to the low energy
Hamiltonian. In a second step, we identify those gauge invariant operators that
do not enter $b \to s$ transitions already at tree level, but can give relevant
one-loop matching effects.Comment: 33 pages, 3 figures. Eqs. (3.13), (4.24)-(4.26) correcte
All three-loop four-point correlators of half-BPS operators in planar
  N=4 SYM

We obtain the planar correlation function of four half-BPS operators of
arbitrary weights, up to three loops. Our method exploits only elementary
properties of the integrand of the planar correlator, such as its symmetries
and singularity structure. This allows us to write down a general ansatz for
the integrand. The coefficients in the ansatz are fixed by means of a powerful
light-cone OPE relation between correlators with different weights. Our result
is formulated in terms of a limited number of functions built from known one-,
two- and three-loop conformal integrals. These results are useful for checking
recent integrability predictions for the OPE structure constants.Comment: 42 pages, 2 figure
Sunspot rotation. II. Effects of varying the field strength and twist of
  an emerging flux tube

Context. Observations of flux emergence indicate that rotational velocities
may develop within sunspots. However, the dependence of this rotation on
sub-photospheric field strength and twist remains largely unknown.
  Aims. We investigate the effects of varying the initial field strength and
twist of an emerging sub-photospheric magnetic flux tube on the rotation of the
sunspots at the photosphere.
  Methods. We consider a simple model of a stratified domain with a
sub-photospheric interior layer and three overlying atmospheric layers. A
twisted arched flux tube is inserted in the interior and is allowed to rise
into the atmosphere. To achieve this, the MHD equations are solved using the
Lagrangian-remap code, Lare3d. We perform a parameter study by independently
varying the sub-photospheric magnetic field strength and twist.
  Results. Altering the initial field strength and twist significantly affects
the tube's evolution and the rotational motions that develop at the
photosphere. The rotation angle, vorticity, and current show a direct
dependence on the initial field strength. We find that an increase in field
strength increases the angle through which the fieldlines rotate, the length of
fieldlines extending into the atmosphere, and the magnetic energy transported
to the atmosphere. This also affects the amount of residual twist in the
interior. The length of the fieldlines is crucial as we predict the twist per
unit length equilibrates to a lower value on longer fieldlines. No such direct
dependence is found when we modify the twist owing to the complex effect this
has on the tension force acting on the tube. However, there is still a clear
ordering in quantities such as the rotation angle, helicity, and free energy
with higher initial twist cases being related to sunspots that rotate more
rapidly, transporting more helicity and magnetic energy to the atmosphere
Measurement of the angular coefficients in $Z$-boson events using
  electron and muon pairs from data taken at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV with the ATLAS
  detector

The angular distributions of Drell-Yan charged lepton pairs around the
$Z$-boson mass peak probe the underlying QCD dynamics of $Z$-boson production.
This paper presents a measurement of the complete set of angular coefficients
$A_{0-7}$ describing these distributions in the $Z$-boson Collins-Soper frame.
The data analysed correspond to 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}
= 8$ TeV, collected by the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC. The measurements are
compared to the most precise fixed-order calculations currently available
($\mathcal{O}(\alpha^{2}_{s})$) and with theoretical predictions embedded in
Monte Carlo generators. The measurements are precise enough to probe QCD
corrections beyond the formal accuracy of these calculations and to provide
discrimination between different parton-shower models. A significant deviation
from the $\mathcal{O}(\alpha^{2}_{s})$ predictions is observed for
$A_{0}-A_{2}$. Evidence is found for non-zero $A_{5,6,7}$, consistent with
expectations.Comment: 84 pages plus author list + cover pages (101 pages total), 33
  figures, 27 tables. Submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary
  figures are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2014-10
Recurrence Relations of the Multi-Indexed Orthogonal Polynomials IV :
  closure relations and creation/annihilation operators

We consider the exactly solvable quantum mechanical systems whose
eigenfunctions are described by the multi-indexed orthogonal polynomials of
Laguerre, Jacobi, Wilson and Askey-Wilson types. Corresponding to the
recurrence relations with constant coefficients for the $M$-indexed orthogonal
polynomials, it is expected that the systems satisfy the generalized closure
relations. In fact we can verify this statement for small $M$ examples. The
generalized closure relation gives the exact Heisenberg operator solution of a
certain operator, from which the creation and annihilation operators of the
system are obtained.Comment: 33 page
Symmetry enhancements via 5d instantons, qW-algebrae and (1,0)
  superconformal index

We explore N=(1,0) superconformal six-dimensional theories arising from
M5-branes probing a transverse A_k singularity. Upon circle compactification to
5 dimensions, we describe this system with a dual pq-web of five-branes and
propose the spectrum of basic five-dimensional instanton operators driving
global symmetry enhancement. For a single M5-brane, we find that the exact
partition function of the 5d quiver gauge theory matches the 6d (1,0) index,
which we compute by letter counting. We finally show that S-duality of the
pq-web implies new relations among vertex correlators of qW-algebrae.Comment: 25 pages, 9 figures. v2: added references, corrected typo
The {GEOTRACES} Intermediate Data Product 2014

Abstract The {GEOTRACES} Intermediate Data Product 2014 (IDP2014) is the first publicly available data product of the international {GEOTRACES} programme, and contains data measured and quality controlled before the end of 2013. It consists of two parts: (1) a compilation of digital data for more than 200 trace elements and isotopes (TEIs) as well as classical hydrographic parameters, and (2) the eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas providing a strongly inter-linked on-line atlas including more than 300 section plots and 90 animated 3D scenes. The {IDP2014} covers the Atlantic, Arctic, and Indian oceans, exhibiting highest data density in the Atlantic. The {TEI} data in the {IDP2014} are quality controlled by careful assessment of intercalibration results and multi-laboratory data comparisons at cross-over stations. The digital data are provided in several formats, including {ASCII} spreadsheet, Excel spreadsheet, netCDF, and Ocean Data View collection. In addition to the actual data values the {IDP2014} also contains data quality flags and 1-Ï� data error values where available. Quality flags and error values are useful for data filtering. Metadata about data originators, analytical methods and original publications related to the data are linked to the data in an easily accessible way. The eGEOTRACES Electronic Atlas is the visual representation of the {IDP2014} data providing section plots and a new kind of animated 3D scenes. The basin-wide 3D scenes allow for viewing of data from many cruises at the same time, thereby providing quick overviews of large-scale tracer distributions. In addition, the 3D scenes provide geographical and bathymetric context that is crucial for the interpretation and assessment of observed tracer plumes, as well as for making inferences about controlling processes
Context-dependent interaction leads to emergent search behavior in social aggregates

Copyright © 2009 National Academy of SciencesLocating the source of an advected chemical signal is a common challenge facing many living organisms. When the advecting medium is characterized by either high Reynolds number or high Peclet number, the task becomes highly nontrivial due to the generation of heterogeneous, dynamically changing filamental concentrations that do not decrease monotonically with distance to the source. Defining search strategies that are effective in these environments has important implications for the understanding of animal behavior and for the design of biologically inspired technology. Here we present a strategy that is able to solve this task without the higher intelligence required to assess spatial gradient direction, measure the diffusive properties of the flow field, or perform complex calculations. Instead, our method is based on the collective behavior of autonomous individuals following simple social interaction rules which are modified according to the local conditions they are experiencing. Through these context-dependent interactions, the group is able to locate the source of a chemical signal and in doing so displays an awareness of the environment not present at the individual level. This behavior illustrates an alternative pathway to the evolution of higher cognitive capacity via the emergent, group-level intelligence that can result from local interactions.Science Foundation IrelandSearle Scholar AwardNational Science FoundationOffice of Naval Researc
Recruitment of Cdc42 through the GAP domain of RLIP participates in remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton and is involved in Xenopus gastrulation.

International audienceThe transduction pathways that branch out of fibroblast growth factor signaling are essential for the induction of the mesoderm and the specification of the vertebrate body plan. One of these pathways is thought to control remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton through the Ral binding protein (RLIP also known as RalBP1), an effector of the small G protein Ral. RLIP contains a region of homology with the GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain involved in the regulation of GTPases of the Rho family. We demonstrate here that the GAP domain of RLIP is responsible for the stability of the actin cytoskeleton in Xenopus laevis embryos. We also demonstrate that the complete N-terminal domain of RLIP containing the mu2 binding domain (mu2BD) and the GAP domain induces disruption of the actin cytoskeleton when targeted to the plasma membrane. Neither domain, however, has any effect on the actin cytoskeleton when individually targeted to the plasma membrane. We also determined that Cdc42-GDP, but neither Rac-GDP nor Rho-GDP, rescues the effect of expression of the membrane-localized Xenopus RLIP on the actin cytoskeleton. We show that the GAP domain of RLIP interacts in vivo with Cdc42-GTP and Cdc42-GDP. Finally, a single mutation (K244A) in the GAP sequence prevented embryos from gastrulating. These results demonstrate that to participate in the control of the actin cytoskeleton, RLIP needs its complete N-terminal region coding for the mu2BD and the GAP domain. We suggest that RLIP, by coordinating two complementary mechanisms, the endocytosis of clathrin-coated pits and the remodeling of cortical actin, participates in the gastrulation process
Measurement of the cross section for the production of a w boson in association with b-jets in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement is presented of the cross section for the production of a W boson with one or two jets, of which at least one must be a b-jet, in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV. Production via top decay is not included in the signal definition. The measurement is based on 35 pb(-1) of data collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The W + b-jet cross section is defined for jets reconstructed with the anti-k(t) clustering algorithm with transverse momentum above 25 GeV and rapidity within +/-2.1. The b-jets are identified by reconstructing secondary vertices. The fiducial cross section is measured both for the electron and muon decay channel of the W boson and is found to be 10.2 +/- 1.9(stat) +/- 2.6(syst) pb for one lepton flavour. The results are compared with next-to-leading order QCD calculations, which predict a cross section smaller than, though consistent with, the measured value
Enhanced Graph Rewriting Systems for Performance Aware Dynamic Software Architectures

International audienceMethodologies for correct by construction recon-figurations can efficiently solve consistency issues in dynamic software architectures. At the same time, they may be unfit to characterize a system from a performance perspective. This stems from efficiency and applicability limitations in handling time-varying characteristics and related intra-dependencies. In order to lift these restrictions, an extension to graph rewriting systems is proposed herein. Noticeably , the resulting formalism integrates changing constraints that reflect the adequacy of a configuration in accordance to potentially concurrent secondary objectives (e.g., quality of service, energy consumption, and robustness). The suitabil-ity of this approach, as well as the restraints of currently available ones, are illustrated and analysed with reference to a concrete use case. This last, known as DIET, consists in a load balancing application for dispatching computational jobs in a distributed infrastructure, which is part of SysFera-DS, a broader industrial solution for federating and managing hybrid HPC environment. This investigation demonstrates that the conceived solution can: (i) express any kind of algebraic dependencies between evolving requirements and properties; (ii) ease the manipulation of attributes of the system and its elements with respect to classic methodolo-Research presented in this paper have been partially funded by the ANR in the context of SOP project ANR-11-INFR-001 C. Eichler · T. Monteil · K. gies; (iii) provide an efficient access to attribute values; (iv) be fruitfully exploited in software management systems; (v) guarantee theoretical properties of a grammar, like its termination. Keywords Dynamic software architectures · Software performance · Software correctness · Graph rewriting systems · Constrained and attributed rewriting systems
Modelling and geometry optimisation of wave energy converters

<p>The ultimate goal of wave energy undertaking is to find a solution that minimises the cost of delivered energy. Not only should a device maximise its energy absorption, but also the costs associated with absorbing and converting that energy into useful forms should be minimised. Towards realising this goal, this thesis contributes in three main areas, namely, numerical modelling, geometry optimisation, and geometry control.</p><p>The highlights of numerical modelling include the use of bond graph—a domain-independent, graphical representation of dynamical systems—in developing numerical models of wave energy converters (WECs), and the use of state-space models to represent the wave radiation terms. It is shown that bond graph is well-suited for modelling WECs, which involve interactions between multiple energy domains, and that state-space models of the wave radiation terms are efficient and sufficiently accurate for use in time-domain simulations of WECs. Both bond graph and state-space models are used in the modelling of a floating oscillating water column device, which, from the point of view of hydrodynamics, is a complex device involving various hydrodynamic radiation terms.</p><p>The main contribution of geometry optimisation is the incorporation of the cost factor in the design problem through the use of a multi-objective optimisation scheme. Two simplified cost factors are considered, namely, the surface area of the device and the reaction force that the device must withstand. The scheme is applied to find optimum geometries of a class of oscillating-body WECs that oscillate about a fixed horizontal axis. It is shown that when the cost factor is taken into account, a design that maximises the absorbed power is not necessarily the most economical. It is found, for example, that an economical bottom-hinged device has its section spanning only part of the water depth instead of the whole water depth.</p><p>Informed by the results of the geometry optimisation study, a design is proposed of a device which allows its geometry to be varied from time to time depending on the prevailing wave condition. An investigation of the device characteristics and potential is reported under geometry control. It is shown that controlling the variation of the geometry has the potential of broadening the power absorption bandwidth and improving its capacity factor in extreme conditions.</p>PhD i marin teknikkPhD in Marine Technolog
Good edge-labelling of graphs.

International audienceA good edge-labelling of a graph G is a labelling of its edges such that, for any ordered pair of vertices (x, y), there do not exist two paths from x to y with increasing labels. This notion was introduced in [2] to solve wavelength assignment problems for specific categories of graphs. In this paper, we aim at characterizing the class of graphs that admit a good edge-labelling. First, we exhibit infinite families of graphs for which no such edge-labelling can be found. We then show that deciding if a graph G admits a good edge-labelling is NPcomplete, even if G is bipartite. Finally, we give large classes of graphs admitting a good edge-labelling: C3-free outerplanar graphs, planar graphs of girth at least 6, {C3,K2,3}-free subcubic graphs and {C3,K2,3}-free ABC-graphs
Potential dividends and actual cash flows in equity valuation: a critical analysis

Practitioners and most academics in valuation include changes in liquid assets (potential dividends) in the cash flows. This widespread and wrong practice is inconsistent with basic finance theory. We present economic, theoretical, and empirical arguments to support the thesis. Economic arguments underline that only flows of cash should be considered for valuation; theoretical arguments show how potential dividends lead to contradiction and to arbitrage losses. Empirical arguments, from recent studies, suggest that investors discount potential dividends with high discount rates, which means that changes in liquid assets are not value drivers. Hence, when valuing cash flows, we should consider only actual payments
Herschel-ATLAS : evolution of the 250 µm luminosity function out to z = 0.5

We have determined the luminosity function of 250 mu m-selected galaxies detected in the similar to 14 deg(2) science demonstration region of the Herschel-ATLAS project out to a redshift of z = 0.5. Our findings very clearly show that the luminosity function evolves steadily out to this redshift. By selecting a sub-group of sources within a fixed luminosity interval where incompleteness effects are minimal, we have measured a smooth increase in the comoving 250 mu m luminosity density out to z = 0.2 where it is 3.6(-0.9)(+1.4) times higher than the local value
The Herschel Virgo Cluster survey, III : a constraint on dust grain lifetime in early-type galaxies

Passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) provide an ideal laboratory for studying the interplay between dust formation around evolved stars and its subsequent destruction in a hot gas. Using Spitzer-IRS and Herschel data we compare the dust production rate in the envelopes of evolved AGB stars with a constraint on the total dust mass. Early-type galaxies which appear to be truly passively evolving are not detected by Herschel. We thus derive a distance independent upper limit to the dust grain survival time in the hostile environment of ETGs of <46 +/- 25 Myr for amorphous silicate grains. This implies that ETGs which are detected at far-infrared wavelengths have acquired a cool dusty medium via interaction. Given likely time-scales for ram-pressure stripping, this also implies that only galaxies with dust in a cool (atomic) medium can release dust into the intra-cluster medium
Higgs-Dilaton cosmology: Are there extra relativistic species?

Recent analyses of cosmological data suggest the presence of an extra relativistic component beyond the Standard Model content. The Higgs–Dilaton cosmological model predicts the existence of a massless particle – the dilaton – associated with the spontaneous symmetry breaking of scale invariance and undetectable by any accelerator experiment. Its ultrarelativistic character makes it a suitable candidate for contributing to the effective number of light degrees of freedom in the Universe. In this Letter we analyze the dilaton production at the (p)reheating stage right after inflation and conclude that no extra relativistic degrees of freedom beyond those already present in the Standard Model are expected within the simplest Higgs–Dilaton scenario. The elusive dilaton remains thus essentially undetectable by any particle physics experiment or cosmological observationThis work was partially supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation. We also acknowledge financial support from the Madrid Regional Government (CAM) under the program HEPHACOS S2009/ESP-1473-02, from MICINN under grant AYA2009- 13936-C06-06 and Consolider-Ingenio 2010 PAU (CSD2007-00060), as well as from the European Union Marie Curie Initial Training Network “UNILHC” PITN-GA-2009-23792
A note on first-order projections and games.

We show how the fact that there is a first-order projection from the problem TC (transitive closure) to some other problem $\Omega$ enables us to automatically deduce that a natural game problem, $\mathcal{LG}(\Omega)$, whose instances are labelled instances of $\Omega$, is complete for PSPACE (via log-space reductions). Our analysis is strongly dependent upon the reduction from TC to $\Omega$ being a logical projection in that it fails should the reduction be, for example, a log-space reduction or a quantifier-free first-order translation
Electron-hopping modes in NiMn2O4+δ materials.

The resistance versus temperature (R-T) characteristics of NiMn2O4+delta thermistors have been analyzed. In the literature, electron transport in manganate spinels is commonly described by a small-polaron model for nearest neighbor hopping, but variable range hopping (VRH) has not been considered so far. In this study differentiated R-T data were analyzed, allowing a clear distinction between different modes of hopping. In pressed pellets and thick screen printed films conduction was well described by a VRH model for a parabolic density of states, which was confirmed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy