pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Muon specific two-Higgs-doublet model

We investigate a new type of a two-Higgs-doublet model as a solution of the
muon $g-2$ anomaly. We impose a softly-broken $Z_4$ symmetry to forbid tree
level flavor changing neutral currents in a natural way. This $Z_4$ symmetry
restricts the structure of Yukawa couplings. As a result, extra Higgs boson
couplings to muons are enhanced by a factor of $\tan\beta$, while their
couplings to all the other standard model fermions are suppressed by
$\cot\beta$. Thanks to this coupling property, we can avoid the constraint from
leptonic $\tau$ decays in contrast to the lepton specific two-Higgs-doublet
model, which can explain the muon $g-2$ within the 2$\sigma$ level but cannot
within the $1\sigma$ level due to this constraint. We find that the model can
explain the muon $g-2$ within the 1$\sigma$ level satisfying constraints from
perturbative unitarity, vacuum stability, electroweak precision measurements,
and current LHC data.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figure
Simulations of "Tunnelling of the 3rd Kind"

We consider the phenomenon of "tunnelling of the 3rd kind", whereby a
magnetic field may traverse a classically impenetrable barrier by pair creation
of unimpeded quantum fermions. These propagate through the barrier and generate
a magnetic field on the other side. We study this numerically using quantum
fermions coupled to a classical Higgs-gauge system, where we set up a magnetic
field outside a box shielded by two superconducting barriers. We examine the
magnitude of the internal magnetic field, and find agreement with existing
perturbative results within a factor of two.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figure
Higgs-differential cross section at NNLO in dimensional regularisation

We present an analytic computation of the Higgs production cross section in
the gluon fusion channel, which is differential in the components of the Higgs
momentum and inclusive in the associated partonic radiation through NNLO in
perturbative QCD. Our computation includes the necessary higher order terms in
the dimensional regulator beyond the finite part that are required for
renormalisation and collinear factorisation at N$^3$LO. We outline in detail
the computational methods which we employ. We present numerical predictions for
realistic final state observables, specifically distributions for the decay
products of the Higgs boson in the $\gamma\gamma$ decay channel.Comment: 27 pages, 6 awesome figure
Observables in the Guarino-Jafferis-Varela/CS-SYM duality

We study various semiclassical observables in the duality proposed by
Guarino, Jafferis and Varela, between a warped $AdS_4\times$ squashed $S^6$
gravitational solution and a 3 dimensional ${\cal N}=2$ SYM-CS$_k$ conformal
gauge theory, deformed from the maximal $SU(N)$ ${\cal N}=8$ SYM. Baryon
vertices corresponding to particle-like branes have unusual behaviour with $N$
and $k$ and present strong evidence for a certain level-rank duality. Wilson
loops and the anomalous dimensions of operators of high spin scale like
$(N/k)^{3/2}$. The entanglement entropy behaves like in a usual CFT. Giant
magnon operators obey the same law as in 4 dimensional ${\cal N}=4$ SYM, and
giant gravitons are also sub-determinant operators.Comment: 43 pages, no figures; we correct the original solution, propagating
  through the text; we also modify the giant magnon analysis; references adde
Cosmology in Mirror Twin Higgs and Neutrino Masses

We explore a simple solution to the cosmological challenges of the original
Mirror Twin Higgs (MTH) model that leads to interesting implications for
experiment. We consider theories in which both the standard model and mirror
neutrinos acquire masses through the familiar seesaw mechanism, but with a low
right-handed neutrino mass scale of order a few GeV. In these $\nu$MTH models,
the right-handed neutrinos leave the thermal bath while still relativistic. As
the universe expands, these particles eventually become nonrelativistic, and
come to dominate the energy density of the universe before decaying. Decays to
standard model states are preferred, with the result that the visible sector is
left at a higher temperature than the twin sector. Consequently the
contribution of the twin sector to the radiation density in the early universe
is suppressed, allowing the current bounds on this scenario to be satisfied.
However, the energy density in twin radiation remains large enough to be
discovered in future cosmic microwave background experiments. In addition, the
twin neutrinos are significantly heavier than their standard model
counterparts, resulting in a sizable contribution to the overall mass density
in neutrinos that can be detected in upcoming experiments designed to probe the
large scale structure of the universe.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figure
Precursors and BRST Symmetry

In the AdS/CFT correspondence, bulk information appears to be encoded in the
CFT in a redundant way. A local bulk field corresponds to many different
non-local CFT operators (precursors). We recast this ambiguity in the language
of BRST symmetry, and propose that in the large $N$ limit, the difference
between two precursors is a BRST exact and ghost-free term. Using the BRST
formalism and working in a simple model with global symmetries, we re-derive a
precursor ambiguity appearing in earlier work. Finally, we show within this
model that this BRST ambiguity has the right number of parameters to explain
the freedom to localize precursors within the boundary of an entanglement wedge
order by order in the large $N$ expansion.Comment: 12 page
Large hadronic power corrections or new physics in the rare decay B-->K*
  mu+ mu- ?

The well-known problem of the unknown power corrections within QCD improved
factorisation leaves the interpretation of the so-called LHCb anomalies in the
angular observables of B-->K* mu+ mu- as an open problem. In order to
contribute to the question whether they represent a first sign for new physics
beyond the Standard Model or a consequence of underestimated hadronic power
corrections, we present a direct comparison of two global fits to the data
based on the two different assumptions. In addition, we summarise the possible
options to resolve this puzzle in the future.Comment: 17 pages, 8 figure
Oscillating Shells and Oscillating Balls in AdS

It has recently been reported that certain thin timelike shells undergo
oscillatory motion in AdS. In this paper, we compute two-point function of a
probe field in the geodesic approximation in such an oscillating shell
background. We confirm that the two-point function exhibits an oscillatory
behaviour following the motion of the shell. We show that similar oscillatory
dynamics is possible when the perfect fluid on the shell has a polytropic
equation of state. Moreover, we show that certain ball like configurations in
AdS also exhibit oscillatory motion and comment on how such a solution can be
smoothly matched to an appropriate exterior solution. We also demonstrate that
the weak energy condition is satisfied for these oscillatory configurations.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures; v2: refs added; v3: JHEP versio
Unwinding strings in semi-flatland

We study the dynamics of strings with non-zero winding number around
T-duality defects. We deduce that the physics near the core of such
non-geometric objects involves winding modes that are not captured by the
supergravity approximation, and we argue that such corrections are T-dual to
the modes responsible for quantum corrections of semi-flat elliptic metrics. We
furthermore construct a solution of double field theory that captures part of
such near-core physics.Comment: 27 pages; v2: references added; v3: published version, reference
  adde
Multi-kink collisions in the $\phi^6$ model

We study simultaneous collisions of two, three, and four kinks and antikinks
of the $\phi^6$ model at the same spatial point. Unlike the $\phi^4$ kinks, the
$\phi^6$ kinks are asymmetric and this enriches the variety of the collision
scenarios. In our numerical simulations we observe both reflection and bound
state formation depending on the number of kinks and on their spatial ordering
in the initial configuration. We also analyze the extreme values of the energy
densities and the field gradient observed during the collisions. Our results
suggest that very high energy densities can be produced in multi-kink
collisions in a controllable manner. Appearance of high energy density spots in
multi-kink collisions can be important in various physical applications of the
Klein-Gordon model.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor changes to match version published in
  JHE
Bootstrapping Mixed Correlators in 4D $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFTs

The numerical conformal bootstrap is used to study mixed correlators in
$\mathcal{N}=1$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in $d=4$ spacetime
dimensions. Systems of four-point functions involving scalar chiral and real
operators are analyzed, including the case where the scalar real operator is
the zero component of a global conserved current multiplet. New results on
superconformal blocks as well as universal constraints on the space of 4D
$\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFTs with chiral operators are presented. At the level of
precision used, the conditions under which the putative "minimal" 4D
$\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFT may be isolated into a disconnected allowed region remain
elusive. Nevertheless, new features of the bounds are found that provide
further evidence for the presence of a special solution to crossing symmetry
corresponding to the "minimal" 4D $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFT.Comment: 33 pages, 12 figures; v2: Some typos fixe
Wilson loops in unitary matrix models at finite $N$

It is known that the expectation value of Wilson loops in the
Gross-Witten-Wadia (GWW) unitary matrix model can be computed exactly at finite
$N$ for arbitrary representations. We study the perturbative and
non-perturbative corrections of Wilson loops in the $1/N$ expansion, either
analytically or numerically using the exact result at finite $N$. As a
by-product of the exact result of Wilson loops, we propose a large $N$ master
field of GWW model. This master field has an interesting eigenvalue
distribution. We also study the Wilson loops in large representations, called
Giant Wilson loops, and comment on the Hagedorn/deconfinement transition of a
unitary matrix model with a double trace interaction.Comment: 38 page
BPS Graphs: From Spectral Networks to BPS Quivers

We define "BPS graphs" on punctured Riemann surfaces associated with
$A_{N-1}$ theories of class $\mathcal{S}$. BPS graphs provide a bridge between
two powerful frameworks for studying the spectrum of BPS states: spectral
networks and BPS quivers. They arise from degenerate spectral networks at
maximal intersections of walls of marginal stability on the Coulomb branch.
While the BPS spectrum is ill-defined at such intersections, a BPS graph
captures a useful basis of elementary BPS states. The topology of a BPS graph
encodes a BPS quiver, even for higher-rank theories and for theories with
certain partial punctures. BPS graphs lead to a geometric realization of the
combinatorics of Fock-Goncharov $N$-triangulations and generalize them in
several ways.Comment: 48 pages, 44 figure
Off-shell superconformal higher spin multiplets in four dimensions

We formulate off-shell N=1 superconformal higher spin multiplets in four
spacetime dimensions and briefly discuss their coupling to conformal
supergravity. As an example, we explicitly work out the coupling of the
superconformal gravitino multiplet to conformal supergravity. The corresponding
action is super-Weyl invariant for arbitrary supergravity backgrounds. However,
it is gauge invariant only if the supersymmetric Bach tensor vanishes. This is
similar to linearised conformal supergravity in curved background.Comment: 24 pages; V2: published version; V3: sign factor in (5.12) correcte
Dilaton EFT Framework For Lattice Data

We develop an effective-field-theory (EFT) framework to analyze the spectra
emerging from lattice simulations of a large class of confining gauge theories.
Simulations of these theories, for which the light-fermion count is not far
below the critical value for transition to infrared conformal behavior, have
indicated the presence of a remarkably light singlet scalar particle. We
incorporate this particle by including a scalar field in the EFT along with the
Nambu-Goldstone bosons (NGB's), and discuss the application of this EFT to
lattice data. We highlight the feature that data on the NGB's alone can tightly
restrict the form of the scalar interactions. As an example, we apply the
framework to lattice data for an SU(3) gauge theory with eight fermion flavors,
concluding that the EFT can describe the data well.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures, version accepted at JHE
Loops in AdS from Conformal Field Theory

We propose and demonstrate a new use for conformal field theory (CFT)
crossing equations in the context of AdS/CFT: the computation of loop
amplitudes in AdS, dual to non-planar correlators in holographic CFTs. Loops in
AdS are largely unexplored, mostly due to technical difficulties in direct
calculations. We revisit this problem, and the dual $1/N$ expansion of CFTs, in
two independent ways. The first is to show how to explicitly solve the crossing
equations to the first subleading order in $1/N^2$, given a leading order
solution. This is done as a systematic expansion in inverse powers of the spin,
to all orders. These expansions can be resummed, leading to the CFT data for
finite values of the spin. Our second approach involves Mellin space. We show
how the polar part of the four-point, loop-level Mellin amplitudes can be fully
reconstructed from the leading-order data. The anomalous dimensions computed
with both methods agree. In the case of $\phi^4$ theory in AdS, our crossing
solution reproduces a previous computation of the one-loop bubble diagram. We
can go further, deriving the four-point scalar triangle diagram in AdS, which
had never been computed. In the process, we show how to analytically derive
anomalous dimensions from Mellin amplitudes with an infinite series of poles,
and discuss applications to more complicated cases such as the ${\cal N}=4$
super-Yang-Mills theory.Comment: 47+12 page
Causality Implies Inflationary Back-Reaction

There is a widespread belief among inflationary cosmologists that a local
observer cannot sense super-horizon gravitons. The argument goes that a local
observer would subsume super-horizon gravitons into a redefinition of his
coordinate system. We show that adopting this view for pure gravity on de
Sitter background leads to time variation in the Hubble parameter measured by a
local observer. It also leads to a violation of the gravitational field
equation $R = 4 \Lambda$ because that equation is obeyed by the full metric,
rather than the one which has been cleansed of super-horizon modes.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, uses LaTeX2e, version 2 slightly revised for
  publicatio
Exact self-duality in a modified Skyrme model

We propose a modification of the Skyrme model that supports a self-dual
sector possessing exact non-trivial finite energy solutions. The action of such
a theory possesses the usual quadratic and quartic terms in field derivatives,
but the couplings of the components of the Maurer-Cartan form of the Skyrme
model is made by a non-constant symmetric matrix, instead of the usual Killing
form of the SU(2) Lie algebra. The introduction of such a matrix make the
self-duality equations conformally invariant in three space dimensions, even
though it may break the global internal symmetries of the original Skyrme
model. For the case where that matrix is proportional to the identity we show
that the theory possesses exact self-dual Skyrmions of unity topological
charges.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Betti multiplets, flows across dimensions and c-extremization

We consider 4d N=1 SCFTs, topologically twisted on compact constant curvature
Riemann surfaces, giving rise to 2d N=(0,2) SCFTs. The exact R-current of these
2d SCFT extremizes the central charge c_{2d}, similarly to the 4d picture,
where the exact R-current maximizes the central charge a_{4d}. There are global
currents that do not mix with the R-current in 4d but their mixing becomes non
trivial in 2d. In this paper we study the holographic dual of this process by
analyzing a 5d N=2 truncation of T^{1,1} with one Betti vector multiplet, dual
to the baryonic current on the CFT side. The holographic realization of the
flow across dimensions connects AdS_5 to AdS_3 vacua in the supergravity
picture. We verify the existence of the flow to AdS_3 solutions and we retrieve
the field theory results for the mixing of the Betti vector with the
graviphoton. Moreover, we extract the central charge from the Brown-Henneaux
formula, matching with the results obtained in field theory. We develop a
general formalism to obtain the central charge of a 2d SCFT from 5d N=2 gauged
supergravity with a generic number of vector multiplets, showing that its
extremization corresponds to an attractor mechanism for the scalars in the
supergravity picture.Comment: 28 pages, 5 figures, typos fixed and additional explanations adde
Supersymmetric Casimir Energy and $\mathrm{SL(3,\mathbb{Z})}$
  Transformations

We provide a recipe to extract the supersymmetric Casimir energy of theories
defined on primary Hopf surfaces directly from the superconformal index. It
involves an $\mathrm{SL(3,\mathbb{Z})}$ transformation acting on the complex
structure moduli of the background geometry. In particular, the known relation
between Casimir energy, index and partition function emerges naturally from
this framework, allowing rewriting of the latter as a modified elliptic
hypergeometric integral. We show this explicitly for $\mathcal{N}=1$ SQCD and
$\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory for all classical gauge
groups, and conjecture that it holds more generally. We also use our method to
derive an expression for the Casimir energy of the nonlagrangian
$\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFT with $\mathrm{E_6}$ flavour symmetry. Furthermore, we
predict an expression for Casimir energy of the $\mathcal{N}=1$
$\mathrm{SP(2N)}$ theory with $\mathrm{SU(8)\times U(1)}$ flavour symmetry that
is part of a multiple duality network, and for the doubled $\mathcal{N}=1$
theory with enhanced $\mathrm{E}_7$ flavour symmetry.Comment: 20 pages, more explicit examples added, published in JHE
Studies of a general flat space/boson star transition model in a box
  through a language similar to holographic superconductors

We study a general flat space/boson star transition model in quasi-local
ensemble through approaches familiar from holographic superconductor theories.
We manage to find a parameter $\psi_{2}$, which is proved to be useful in
disclosing properties of phase transitions. In this work, we explore effects of
the scalar mass, scalar charge and St$\ddot{u}$ckelberg mechanism on the
critical phase transition points and the order of transitions mainly from
behaviors of the parameter $\psi_{2}$. We mention that properties of
transitions in quasi-local gravity are strikingly similar to those in
holographic superconductor models. We also obtain an analytical relation
$\psi_{2}\varpropto(\mu-\mu_{c})^{1/2}$, which also holds for the condensed
scalar operator in the holographic insulator/superconductor system in
accordance with mean field theories.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Scalar Gravitational Waves in the Effective Theory of Gravity

As a low energy effective field theory, classical General Relativity receives
an infrared relevant modification from the conformal trace anomaly of the
energy-momentum tensor of massless, or nearly massless, quantum fields. The
local form of the effective action associated with the trace anomaly is
expressed in terms of a dynamical scalar field that couples to the conformal
factor of the spacetime metric, allowing it to propagate over macroscopic
distances. Linearized around flat spacetime, this semi-classical EFT admits
scalar gravitational wave solutions in addition to the transversely polarized
tensor waves of the classical Einstein theory. The amplitude of the scalar wave
modes, as well as their energy and energy flux which are positive and contain a
monopole moment, are computed. Astrophysical sources for scalar gravitational
waves are considered, with the excited gluonic condensates in the interiors of
neutron stars in merger events with other compact objects likely to provide the
strongest burst signals.Comment: 43 pages, Final published version, including all corrections. Sec. VI
  on energy and power radiated in scalar gravitational waves replaces previous
  version Sec. V and two Appendice
Unitarity and positivity constraints for CFT at large central charge

We consider the four-point correlator of the stress tensor multiplet in
${\cal N}=4$ SYM in the limit of large central charge $c \sim N^2$. For finite
values of $g^2N$ single-trace intermediate operators arise at order $1/c$ and
this leads to specific poles in the Mellin representation of the correlator.
The sign of the residue at these poles is fixed by unitarity. We consider
solutions consistent with crossing symmetry and this pole structure. We show
that in a certain regime all solutions result in a negative contribution to the
anomalous dimension of twist four operators. The reason behind this is a
positivity property of Mack polynomials that leads to a positivity condition
for the Mellin amplitude. This positivity condition can also be proven by
assuming the correct Regge behaviour for the Mellin amplitude. For large $g^2N$
we recover a tower of solutions in one to one correspondence with local
interactions in a effective field theory in the $AdS$ bulk, with the
appropriate suppression factors, and with definite overall signs. These signs
agree with the signs that would follow from causality constraints on the
effective field theory. The positivity constraints arising from CFT for the
Mellin amplitude take a very similar form to the causality constraint for the
forward limit of the S-matrix.Comment: 27 page
Gauge symmetry enhancing-breaking from a Double Field Theory perspective

Gauge symmetry enhancing, at specific points of the compactification space,
is a distinguished feature of string theory. In this work we discuss the
breaking of such symmetries with tools provided by Double Field Theory (DFT).
As a main guiding example we discuss the bosonic string compactified on a
circle where, at the self dual radio the generic $U(1)\times U(1)$ gauge
symmetry becomes enhanced to $SU(2)\times SU(2)$. We show that the
enhancing-breaking of the gauge symmetry can be understood through a dependence
of gauge structure constants (fluxes in DFT) on moduli. This dependence, in DFT
description, is encoded in the generalized tangent frame of the double space.
Actually, the explicit T-duality invariant formulation provided by DFT proves
to be a helpful ingredient. The link with string theory results is discussed
and generalizations to generic tori compactifications are addressed.Comment: Minor corrections, extra comments, and references adde
D-Particles on Orientifolds and Rational Invariants

We revisit the D0 bound state problems, of the M/IIA duality, with the
Orientifolds. The cases of O4 and O8 have been studied recently, from the
perspective of five-dimensional theories, while the case of O0 has been much
neglected. The computation we perform for D0-O0 states boils down to the Witten
indices for $\mathcal N=16$ $O(m)$ and $Sp(n)$ quantum mechanics, where we
adapt and extend previous analysis by the authors. The twisted partition
function $\Omega$, obtained via localization, proves to be rational, and we
establish a precise relation between $\Omega$ and the integral Witten index
$\mathcal I$, by identifying continuum contributions sector by sector. The
resulting Witten index shows surprisingly large numbers of threshold bound
states but in a manner consistent with M-theory. We close with an exploration
on how the ubiquitous rational invariants of the wall-crossing physics would
generalize to theories with Orientifolds.Comment: 38 page