pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Vibrational dynamics of confined granular material

By means of two-dimensional contact dynamics simulations, we analyze the
vibrational dynamics of a confined granular layer in response to harmonic
forcing. We use irregular polygonal grains allowing for strong variability of
solid fraction. The system involves a jammed state separating passive (loading)
and active (unloading) states. We show that an approximate expression of the
packing resistance force as a function of the displacement of the free
retaining wall from the jamming position provides a good description of the
dynamics. We study in detail the scaling of displacements and velocities with
loading parameters. In particular, we find that, for a wide range of
frequencies, the data collapse by scaling the displacements with the inverse
square of frequency, the inverse of the force amplitude and the square of
gravity. Interestingly, compaction occurs during the extension of the packing,
followed by decompaction in the contraction phase. We show that the mean
compaction rate increases linearly with frequency up to a characteristic
frequency and then it declines in inverse proportion to frequency. The
characteristic frequency is interpreted in terms of the time required for the
relaxation of the packing through collective grain rearrangements between two
equilibrium states
Experimental characterization and numerical modeling of micromechanical damage under different stress states

The use of HSLA steels for the manufacture of automotive components is interesting from an engineering point of view. This family of steels, while possessing high strength, also has good formability and can be used in forming manufacturing processes. In some forming processes such as blanking, shear strain localization occurs, which causes damage and results in the final fracture of the material. This paper presents an experimental study based on in situ tests to understand and identify the physical mechanisms of ductile damage under two stress states: tension and shear. Different macroscopic tests were performed to calibrate a damage model based on a micromechanical approach. This damage model is based on the Gurson–Tvergaard–Needleman theory and presents recent improvements proposed by Nahshon and Hutchinson and by Nielsen and Tvergaard so as to better predict fracture under a wide range of stress states, especially with low levels of stress triaxiality. These extensions have made the identification of the material parameter more complicated. In this work an identification strategy has been proposed using tests on specimens with different shapes. The identified parameter values are validated and the fracture model show good predictive capability over a wide stress state range
Scalable architectures for platform-as-a-service clouds: performance and cost analysis

Scalability is a significant feature of cloud computing, which ad-dresses to increase or decrease the capacities of allocated virtual resources at application, platform, database and infrastructure level on demand. We investigate scalable architecture solutions for cloud PaaS that allow services to utilize the resources dynamically and effectively without directly affecting users. We have implemented scalable architectures with different session state management solutions, deploying an online shopping cart application in a PaaS solution, and measuring the performance and cost under three server-side session state providers: Caching, SQL database and NoSQL database. A commercial solution with its supporting state management components has been used. Particularly when re-architecting software for the cloud, the trade-off between performance, scalability and cost implications needs to be discussed
Aggregated estimation of the basic parameters of biological production and the carbon budget of Russian terrestrial ecosystems: 1. Stocks of plant organic mass

The data presented were obtained at the first stage (1993–1999) of studies on evaluating the basic parameters of biological production in Russian terrestrial ecosystems in order to provide information for assessing and modeling the carbon budget of the entire terrestrial biota of the country. Stocks of phytomass (by fractions), coarse woody debris, and dead roots (underground necromass) were calculated by two independent methods, which yielded close results. The total amount of phytomass in Russian terrestrial ecosystems was estimated at 81 800 Tg (=1012 g = million t) dry matter, or 39 989 Tg carbon. Forest ecosystems comprise a greater part (82.1%) of live plant organic matter (here and below, comparisons are made with respect to the carbon content); natural grasslands and brushwoods account for 8.8%; the phytomass of wetlands (bogs and swamps), for 6.6%; and the phytomass of farmlands, for only 2.5%. Aboveground wood contains approximately two-thirds of the plant carbon (63.8%), and green parts contain 9.9%. For all classes of ecosystems, the proportion of underground phytomass averages 26.7% of the total amount, varying from 22.0% in forests to 57.1% in grasslands and brushwoods. The average phytomass density on lands covered with vegetation (1629.9 million hectares in Russia) is 5.02 kg/m2 dry matter, or 2.45 kg C/m2. The total amount of carbon in coarse woody debris is 4955 Tg C, and 9180 Tg C are in the underground necromass. In total, the vegetation of Russian terrestrial ecosystems (without litter) contains 54 124 Tg carbon
A low temperature expansion for matrix quantum mechanics

We analyze solutions to loop-truncated Schwinger-Dyson equations in massless N = 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ and N = 4 $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ Wess-Zumino matrix quantum mechanics at finite temperature, where conventional perturbation theory breaks down due to IR divergences. We find a rather intricate low temperature expansion that involves fractional power scaling in the temperature, based on a consistent “soft collinear” approximation. We conjecture that at least in the N = 4 $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$ matrix quantum mechanics, such scaling behavior holds to all perturbative orders in the 1 /N expansion. We discuss some preliminary results in analyzing the gauged supersymmetric quantum mechanics using Schwinger-Dyson equations, and comment on the connection to metastable microstates of black holes in the holographic dual of BFSS matrix quantum mechanics
Domain wall fermions for planar physics

In 2+1 dimensions, Dirac fermions in reducible, i.e. four-component representations of the spinor algebra form the basis of many interesting model field theories and effective descriptions of condensed matter phenomena. This paper explores lattice formulations which preserve the global U(2 N f ) symmetry present in the massless limit, and its breakdown to U( N f )⊗U( N f ) implemented by three independent and parity-invariant fermion mass terms. I set out generalisations of the Ginsparg-Wilson relation, leading to a formulation of an overlap operator, and explore the remnants of the global symmetries which depart from the continuum form by terms of order of the lattice spacing. I also define a domain wall formulation in 2+1+1 d , and present numerical evidence, in the form of bilinear condensate and meson correlator calculations in quenched non-compact QED using reformulations of all three mass terms, to show that U(2 N f ) symmetry is recovered in the limit that the domain-wall separation L s → ∞. The possibility that overlap and domain wall formulations of reducible fermions may coincide only in the continuum limit is discussed
Role of the wetting layer in the enhanced responsivity of InAs/GaAsSb quantum dot infrared photodetectors

InAs/GaAs1−xSbx Quantum Dot (QD) infrared photodetectors are analyzed by photocurrent spectroscopy. We observe that the integrated responsivity of the devices is improved with the increasing Sb mole fraction in the capping layer, up to 4.2 times for x = 17%. Since the QD layers are not vertically aligned, the vertical transport of the carriers photogenerated within the QDs takes place mainly through the bulk material and the wetting layer of the additional QD regions. The lower thickness of the wetting layer for high Sb contents results in a reduced capture probability of the photocarriers, thus increasing the photoconductive gain and hence, the responsivity of the device. The growth of not vertically aligned consecutive QD layers with a thinner wetting layer opens a possibility to improve the performance of quantum dot infrared photodetectors
From punishment to prevention: A French case study of the introduction of co-regulation in enforcing food safety

International audienceIn the last decade, the concept of co-regulation has been developed and increasingly promoted as an important instrument of regulation. In the context of food safety, we examine co-regulation programs from the point of view of an enforcement agency. We develop a conceptual framework of enforcement of food safety regulation for use in assessing the degree of shift toward co-regulation from traditional approaches and apply it to a case study of the French import market for produce at Perpignan. We find that co-regulation in the enforcement of pesticide residue limits resulted in a change of practices for the regulatory agency from punishment to prevention based on incentives and information programs
Estimating penetrance from multiple case families with predisposing mutations: Extension of the "genotype-restricted likelihood" (GRL) method
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extension of the GRL method

International audienceSome diseases are due to germline mutations in predisposing genes, such as cancer family syndromes. Precise estimation of the age-specific cumulative risk (penetrance) for mutation carriers is essential for defining prevention strategies. The genotype-restricted likelihood (GRL) method is aimed at estimating penetrance from multiple case families with such a mutation. In this paper, we proposed an extension of the GRL to account for multiple trait disease and to allow for a parent-of-origin effect. Using simulations of pedigrees, we studied the properties of this method and the effect of departures from underlying hypotheses, misspecification of disease incidence in the general population or misspecification of the index case, and penetrance heterogeneity. In contrast with the previous version of the GRL, accounting for multiple trait disease allowed unbiased estimation of penetrance. We also showed that accounting for a parent-of-origin effect allowed a powerful test for detecting this effect. We found that the GRL method was robust to misspecification of disease incidence in the population, but that misspecification of the index case induced a bias in some situations for which we proposed efficient corrections. When ignoring heterogeneity, the penetrance estimate was biased toward that of the highest risk individuals. A homogeneity test performed by stratifying the families according to the number of affected members was shown to have low power and seems useless for detecting such heterogeneity. These extensions are essential to better estimate the risk of diseases and to provide valid recommendations for the management of patients
Suspected community-acquired pneumonia in an ambulatory setting (CAPA): a French prospective observational cohort study in general practice

International audienceBackground: Few studies have addressed the pragmatic management of ambulatory patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using a precise description of the disease with or without chest X-ray (X-ray) evidence. AIMS: To describe the characteristics, clinical findings, additional investigations and disease progression in patients with suspected CAP managed by French General Practitioners (GPs). METHODS: The patients included were older than 18 years, with signs or symptoms suggestive of CAP associated with recent-onset unilateral crackles on auscultation or a new opacity on X-ray. They were followed for up to 6 weeks. Descriptive analyses of all patients and according to their management with X-rays were carried out. RESULTS: From September 2011 to July 2012, 886 patients have been consulted by 267 GPs. Among them, 278 (31%) were older than 65 years and 337 (38%) were at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal disease. At presentation, the three most common symptoms, cough (94%), fever (93%), and weakness or myalgia (81%), were all observed in 70% of patients. Unilateral crackles were observed in 77% of patients. Among patients with positive radiography (64%), 36% had no unilateral crackles. A null CRB-65 score was obtained in 62% of patients. Most patients (94%) initially received antibiotics and experienced uncomplicated disease progression regardless of their management with X-rays. Finally, 7% of patients were hospitalised and 0.3% died. CONCLUSIONS: Most patients consulting GPs for suspected CAP had the three following most common symptoms: cough, fever, and weakness or myalgia. More than a third of them were at increased risk for invasive pneumococcal disease. With or without X-rays, most patients received antibiotics and experienced uncomplicated disease progression
Predictors of ventricular remodelling in patients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction and left ventricular dysfunction candidates for bone marrow cell therapy: insights from the BONAMI trial

International audiencePurpose Few data are available regarding the relation of left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony to remodelling after acute myocardial infarction (MI) and stem cell therapy. We evaluated the 1-year time course of both LV mechanical dyssynchrony and remodelling in patients enrolled in the BONAMI trial, a randomized, multicenter controlled trial assessing cell therapy in patients with reperfused MI. Methods Patients with acute MI and ejection fraction (EF) ≤ 45 % were randomized to cell therapy or to control and underwent thallium single-photon emission computed to-mography (SPECT), radionuclide angiography, and echocar-diography at baseline, 3 months, and 1 year. Eighty-three patients with a comprehensive 1-year follow-up were included. LV dyssynchrony was assessed by the standard deviation (SD) of the LV phase histogram using radionuclide angiography. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00259-015-3279-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
A review of the metabolic syndrome.

International audienceWhile the concept of this syndrome has been described more than 60 years ago, and more formally almost 20 years ago, the controversy continues as to its utility, which of the various syndrome definitions should be used and their ability to predict diabetes and/or cardiovascular disease. The metabolic syndrome, of cardiovascular risk factors, provides an early warning of at risk subjects and emphasises the need to treat more aggressively (by at least lifestyle modification) patients with multiple abnormalities even though the abnormalities might be slight. Further, the syndrome can be easily used in clinical practice and when it is assessed against the background of the patient's age, sex and smoking habits, it provides an evaluation of potential cardiovascular risk. Prospective intervention studies are the only means of definitively accepting or refuting the usefulness of the syndrome. The metabolic syndrome is an entity which merits attention from both the medical profession and public health authorities
Energy-GDP decoupling in a second best world--a case study on India

International audienceReference emission scenarios in the literature have been the target of criticisms that suggest they convey too optimistic views on spontaneous energy-GDP decoupling of emerging countries economies. This article focuses on the case of India. It explores the role of current suboptimalities of the Indian power sector (structural under-investment in the sector leading to capacity shortage, power cuts and low efficiency) on future energy-GDP decoupling. To do so, it uses a hybrid general equilibrium framework, in which these suboptimalities are explicitly introduced. The results highlight that whether the constraints on investments in the power sector persist or not leads to contrasted trends in energy-GDP decoupling and GHG emissions. Over the short-term, capital scarcity in the power sector constrains the development of energy-intensive activities and therefore leads to higher energy-GDP decoupling. But on the longer-term, constrains on the power sector capacity limits substitution from fossil fuels to electricity, which entails both a low energy-GDP decoupling and a constraint on GDP growth when oil prices are high. The alleviation of suboptimalities appears thus as an insurance policy towards future oil price increase
Effect of gamma rays absorbed doses and heat treatment on the optical absorption spectra of silver ion-exchanged silicate glass

International audienceSamples of a commercial silicate glass have been subjected to ion exchange at 320 °C in a molten mixture of AgNO 3 and NaNO 3 with molar ratio of 1:99 and 5:95 for 60 min. The ion exchange process was followed by gamma irradiation in the dose range of 1–250 kGy and heating at the temperature of 550 °C for different time periods ranging from 10 to 582 min. The spectral absorption in UV–Vis range of the Ag–Na ion exchanged glass was measured and used to determine the states of silver prevailing in the glass during the ion exchange, the gamma irradiation and the heat treatment. The gamma irradiation induced holes and electrons in the glass structure leading to the creation of a brown colour, and silver ions trapped electrons to form silver atoms. We observed the first stage of aggregation after irradiation, as well as after heating. The silver atoms diffused and then aggregated to form nanoclusters after heating at 550 °C. A characteristic band at about 430 nm was induced. The surface Plasmon absorption of silver nanoclusters in the glass indicated that the nanoclusters radius grew between 0.9 and 1.43 nm with increasing of annealing time from 10 to 242 min and then saturated. We also found that the size of aggregates depends on the value of gamma radiation absorbed dose. Contrary to what was expected, we found that 20 kGy is the optimal absorbed dose corresponding to the larger size of the aggregates which decreases for absorbed doses above 20 kGy
Slumping dynamics in tilled sandy soils under natural rainfall and experimental flooding

International audienceCompaction of tilled layers under the single effect of rainfall or irrigation was called slumping. Slumping affects strongly root development and plant biomass production. It has been observed in different soil types, but sandy soils appear particularly prone to this physical degradation. Our objectives in this study were (i) to measure in the field the changes in soil structure and water status simultaneously, (ii) to study the effects of rainfall and management practices on slumping, and (iii) to propose a conceptual model for sandy soil slumping. An experimental site was selected in Northeast Thailand and we studied the effect of tillage depth and initial water content on slumping dynamic. Plots (9 m × 15 m each) were tilled at (i) two depths (20 and 40 cm, called S and previous termDnext term respectively) in dry conditions, (ii) at 20 cm depth in dry or wet conditions (called Y and W respectively). These plots were submitted to natural rainfall for 20 or 61 days to get different total rainfall amounts (114 and 212 mm respectively). In addition, smaller plots (0.24 m2 each) were used for experimental flooding irrigation (similar to measured rainfalls, i.e. 100 and 200 mm). Soil bulk density, soil surface elevation, soil water content and matric potential were measured. A decrease in soil elevation was observed in all treatments. In the absence of erosion it was interpreted as a loss of porosity which resulted from slumping. Bulk density increased in all layers of the tilled profile (from 1.38 to 1.57 g cm−3). In the surface layer (0-5 cm) this increase was systematically higher compared to deeper layer. No significant difference in final bulk density was found between the S and W treatments, and between the Y and W treatments. Bulk density increased more rapidly in the Y and W treatments than in the S and previous termDnext term treatments, even though the cumulative rainfall was lower. After the flooding experime
Systematic Derivation of Bounds and Glue Constraints for Time-Series Constraints

slides corresponding to this paperInteger time series are often subject to constraints on the aggregation of the integer features of all occurrences of some pattern within the series. For example, the number of inflexions may be constrained, or the sum of the peak maxima, or the minimum of the peak widths. It is currently unknown how to maintain domain consistency efficiently on such constraints. We propose parametric ways of systematically deriving glue constraints, which are a particular kind of implied constraints, as well as aggregation bounds that can be added to the decomposition of time-series constraints [5]. We evaluate the beneficial propagation impact of the derived implied constraints and bounds, both alone and together
A two-phase method for the Shift Design and Personnel Task Scheduling Problem with Equity objective

International audienceIn this paper, we study the Shift Design and Personnel Task Scheduling Problem with Equity objective (SDPTSP-E), initially introduced in [11]. This problem consists in designing the shifts of workers and assigning a set of tasks to quali ed workers, so as to maximise the equity between workers. We propose a natural two-phase approach consisting in rst designing shifts and then assigning tasks to workers, and we iterate between these two phases to improve solutions. We compare our experimental results with existing literature and show that our approach outperforms previous known results
Longueur et fonction des SMS : étude comparative chez les filles et les garc¸ ons de 13 à 18 ans

International audienceObjective. – The use of SMS messaging has grown rapidly over the past decade. Up until now, most Frenchlanguage studies have focused on one predominant SMS characteristic: spelling. The goal of this paper is to extend previous research topics so as to include new dependant variables such as message length and message functions.Method. – A corpus of 1131 SMSes produced in a natural environment by teenage French speakers was analysed. This group was made up of teenage girls and boys between the ages of 13 and 18 who reported frequent usage of SMS messaging over an extended period of time. Did these SMS exchanges confirm stereotypes regarding gender differences? That is, did girls produce longer messages than boys? Did girls send more messages with a relational function than with an informational function, while boys did just the opposite?Results. – The results led to a mitigation of these stereotypes. Girls did produce longer messages than boys. However, this only occurred when the girls were 15–16 years of age and had a long-standing and frequent practice of SMS usage. Regarding functions, girls’ messages more often had a relational function than an informational one, but again, only in girls who were 15–16 years of age and had been SMSing frequently for a long period of time. In boys, it took until 17–18 years of age for the same result to appear. More than a gender difference, these results emphasized a discrepancy in the developmental curves of girls and boys, girls being more precocious than boys