pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the centrality dependence of [J over ψ] yields and observation of Z production in lead–lead collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Using the ATLAS detector, a centrality-dependent suppression has been observed in the yield of [J over ψ] mesons produced in the collisions of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider. In a sample of minimum-bias lead–lead collisions at a nucleon–nucleon centre of mass energy √S[subscript NN] = 2.76 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 6.7 μb−1, [J over ψ] mesons are reconstructed via their decays to μ[superscript +]μ[superscript −] pairs. The measured [J over ψ] yield, normalized to the number of binary nucleon–nucleon collisions, is found to significantly decrease from peripheral to central collisions. The centrality dependence is found to be qualitatively similar to the trends observed at previous, lower energy experiments. The same sample is used to reconstruct Z bosons in the μ[superscript +]μ[superscript −] final state, and a total of 38 candidates are selected in the mass window of 66 to 116 GeV. The relative Z yields as a function of centrality are also presented, although no conclusion can be inferred about their scaling with the number of binary collisions, because of limited statistics. This analysis provides the first results on [J over ψ] and Z production in lead–lead collisions at the LHC.National Science Foundation (U.S.)United States. Dept. of EnergyBrookhaven National LaboratoryEuropean Organization for Nuclear Researc
Search for new phenomena in monophoton final states in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

Results are presented from a search for new physics in final states containing a photon and missing transverse momentum. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.6 fb−1 collected in proton–proton collisions at s=8 TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC. No deviation from the standard model predictions is observed for these final states. New, improved limits are set on dark matter production and on parameters of models with large extra dimensions. In particular, the first limits from the LHC on branon production are found and significantly extend previous limits from LEP and the Tevatron. An upper limit of 14.0 fb on the cross section is set at the 95% confidence level for events with a monophoton final state with photon transverse momentum greater than 145 GeV and missing transverse momentum greater than 140 GeV
Inclusive and differential measurements of the tt charge asymmetry in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV

The tt¯ charge asymmetry is measured in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV . The data, collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb −1 . Selected events contain an electron or a muon and four or more jets, where at least one jet is identified as originating from b-quark hadronization. The inclusive charge asymmetry is found to be 0.0010±0.0068 (stat)±0.0037 (syst) . In addition, differential charge asymmetries as a function of rapidity, transverse momentum, and invariant mass of the tt¯ system are studied. For the first time at the LHC, the measurements are also performed in a reduced fiducial phase space of top quark pair production, with an integrated result of −0.0035±0.0072 (stat)±0.0031 (syst) . All measurements are consistent within two standard deviations with zero asymmetry as well as with the predictions of the standard model
Search for a heavy Standard Model Higgs boson in the channel H -> ZZ -> l(+)l -bar qq(-) using the ATLAS detector

A search for a heavy Standard Model Higgs boson decaying via the H → ZZ → ℓ⁺ℓ¯qq⁻, where ℓ = e, μ, is presented. The search is performed using a data set of pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.04 fb⁻¹ collected in 2011 by the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC collider. No significant excess of events above the estimated background is found. Upper limits at 95% confidence level on the production cross section (relative to that expected from the Standard Model) of a Higgs boson with a mass in the range between 200 and 600 GeV600 GeV are derived. Within this mass range, there is at present insufficient sensitivity to exclude a Standard Model Higgs boson. For a Higgs boson with a mass of 360 GeV360 GeV, where the sensitivity is maximal, the observed and expected cross section upper limits are factors of 1.7 and 2.7, respectively, larger than the Standard Model prediction.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (ATLAS Collaboration
Search for new phenomena in events with three or more charged leptons in pp collisions at root s =8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A generic search for anomalous production of events with at least three charged leptons is presented. The data sample consists of pp collisions at √s=8 TeV collected in 2012 by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb⁻¹. Events are required to have at least three selected lepton candidates, at least two of which must be electrons or muons, while the third may be a hadronically decaying tau. Selected events are categorized based on their lepton flavour content and signal regions are constructed using several kinematic variables of interest. No significant deviations from Standard Model predictions are observed. Model-independent upper limits on contributions from beyond the Standard Model phenomena are provided for each signal region, along with prescription to re-interpret the limits for any model. Constraints are also placed on models predicting doubly charged Higgs bosons and excited leptons. For doubly charged Higgs bosons decaying to eτ or μτ, lower limits on the mass are set at 400 GeV at 95% confidence level. For excited leptons, constraints are provided as functions of both the mass of the excited state and the compositeness scale Λ, with the strongest mass constraints arising in regions where the mass equals Λ. In such scenarios, lower mass limits are set at 3.0 TeV for excited electrons and muons, 2.5 TeV for excited taus, and 1.6 TeV for every excited-neutrino flavour.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (ATLAS Collaboration
Curcumin inhibits cancer stem cell phenotypes in ex vivo models of colorectal liver metastases, and is clinically safe and tolerable in combination with FOLFOX chemotherapy

AbstractIn vitro and pre-clinical studies have suggested that addition of the diet-derived agent curcumin may provide a suitable adjunct to enhance efficacy of chemotherapy in models of colorectal cancer. However, the majority of evidence for this currently derives from established cell lines.Here, we utilised patient-derived colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) to assess whether curcumin may provide added benefit over 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) in cancer stem cell (CSC) models. Combination of curcumin with FOLFOX chemotherapy was then assessed clinically in a phase I dose escalation study. Curcumin alone and in combination significantly reduced spheroid number in CRLM CSC models, and decreased the number of cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase activity (ALDHhigh/CD133−). Addition of curcumin to oxaliplatin/5-FU enhanced anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects in a proportion of patient-derived explants, whilst reducing expression of stem cell-associated markers ALDH and CD133. The phase I dose escalation study revealed curcumin to be a safe and tolerable adjunct to FOLFOX chemotherapy in patients with CRLM (n = 12) at doses up to 2 grams daily.Curcumin may provide added benefit in subsets of patients when administered with FOLFOX, and is a well-tolerated chemotherapy adjunct
Proca stars: Gravitating Bose–Einstein condensates of massive spin 1 particles

AbstractWe establish that massive complex Abelian vector fields (mass μ) can form gravitating solitons, when minimally coupled to Einstein's gravity. Such Proca stars (PSs) have a stationary, everywhere regular and asymptotically flat geometry. The Proca field, however, possesses a harmonic time dependence (frequency w), realizing Wheeler's concept of geons for an Abelian spin 1 field. We obtain PSs with both a spherically symmetric (static) and an axially symmetric (stationary) line element. The latter form a countable number of families labelled by an integer m∈Z+. PSs, like (scalar) boson stars, carry a conserved Noether charge, and are akin to the latter in many ways. In particular, both types of stars exist for a limited range of frequencies and there is a maximal ADM mass, Mmax, attained for an intermediate frequency. For spherically symmetric PSs (rotating PSs with m=1,2,3), Mmax≃1.058MPl2/μ (Mmax≃1.568,2.337,3.247MPl2/μ), slightly larger values than those for (mini-)boson stars. We establish perturbative stability for a subset of solutions in the spherical case and anticipate a similar conclusion for fundamental modes in the rotating case. The discovery of PSs opens many avenues of research, reconsidering five decades of work on (scalar) boson stars, in particular as possible dark matter candidates
Defective Transcription-Coupled Repair in Cockayne Syndrome B Mice Is Associated with Skin Cancer Predisposition

AbstractA mouse model for the nucleotide excision repair disorder Cockayne syndrome (CS) was generated by mimicking a truncation in the CSB(ERCC6) gene of a CS-B patient. CSB-deficient mice exhibit all of the CS repair characteristics: ultraviolet (UV) sensitivity, inactivation of transcription-coupled repair, unaffected global genome repair, and inability to resume RNA synthesis after UV exposure. Other CS features thought to involve the functioning of basal transcription/repair factor TFIIH, such as growth failure and neurologic dysfunction, are present in mild form. In contrast to the human syndrome, CSB-deficient mice show increased susceptibility to skin cancer. Our results demonstrate that transcription-coupled repair of UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers contributes to the prevention of carcinogenesis in mice. Further, they suggest that the lack of cancer predisposition in CS patients is attributable to a global genome repair process that in humans is more effective than in rodents
EDMs vs. CPV in Bs,d mixing in two Higgs doublet models with MFV

AbstractWe analyze the correlations between electric dipole moments (EDMs) of the neutron and heavy atoms and CP violation in Bs,d mixing in two Higgs doublet models respecting the Minimal Flavour Violation hypothesis, with flavour-blind CP-violating (CPV) phases. In particular, we consider the case of flavour-blind CPV phases from (i) the Yukawa interactions and (ii) the Higgs potential. We show that in both cases the upper bounds on the above EDMs do not forbid sizable non-standard CPV effects in Bs mixing. However, if a large CPV phase in Bs mixing will be confirmed, this will imply EDMs very close to their present experimental bounds, within the reach of the next generation of experiments, as well as BR(Bs,d→μ+μ−) typically largely enhanced over its SM expectation. The two flavour-blind CPV mechanisms can be distinguished through the correlation between SψKS and Sψϕ that is strikingly different if only one of them is relevant. Which of these two CPV mechanisms dominates depends on the precise values of Sψϕ and SψKS, as well as on the CKM phase (as determined by tree-level processes). Current data seems to show a mild preference for a hybrid scenario where both these mechanisms are at work
Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infects human monocyte-derived dendritic cells

AbstractFor some patients infection with Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes a severe disease characterized by fever, vascular leakage and coagulopathy. Knowledge of CCHF pathogenesis is limited and today there is no information about the specific target cells of CCHFV. In this study we analyzed the permissiveness of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) including monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) to CCHFV infection. Interestingly, we found that moDCs are the most permissive to CCHFV infection and this infection induced cytokine release from moDCs. Furthermore, supernatants from infected moDCs were found to activate human endothelial cells
Microsatellite-Aided Screening for Fertility Restoration Genes (Rf) Facilitates Hybrid Improvement

AbstractDNA markers enabled to determine the chromosomal locations of the two Rf genes (Rf3 and Rf4) in the wild-abortive cytoplasmic male sterility (WA-CMS) system. Four simple sequence repeats (SSRs) RM171, RM258, RM315 and RM443 were used to detect the allelic status with respect to the fertility restoration genes (Rf3 and Rf4) in 300 rice cultivars or breeding lines. The results revealed that out of 300 lines, 90 lines screened had Rf3, 65 lines had Rf4, and 45 lines had Rf3 and Rf4 alleles. Furthermore, 45 lines selected using SSR markers were mated with a CMS line (IR58025A) to analyze their restoring ability. Offspring of all the test lines except HHZ8-SAL9DT1-Y1, HHZ5-SAL9-Y3-1 and IDSA77 exhibited higher pollen and spikelet fertility (> 80%), thus confirming they bear the Rf alleles. The hybrid offspring of ARH12-6-1-1-B-3-1, IR32307-10-3-2-1 and Sahel 329 had the highest pollen fertility (97.39%, 98.30% and 97.10%, respectively) and spikelet fertility (95.10%, 97.07% and 96.10%, respectively)
One-loop Higgs mass finiteness in supersymmetric Kaluza–Klein theories

AbstractWe analyze the one-loop ultraviolet sensitivity of the Higgs mass in a five-dimensional supersymmetric theory compactified on the orbifold S1/Z2, with superpotential localized on a fixed-point brane. Four-dimensional supersymmetry is broken by Scherk–Schwarz boundary conditions. Kaluza–Klein interactions are regularized by means of a brane Gaussian distribution along the extra dimension with length ls≃Λ−1s, where Λs is the cutoff of the five-dimensional theory. The coupling of the n-mode, with mass M(n), acquires the n-dependent factor exp{−(M(n)/Λs)2/2}, which makes it to decouple for M(n)⪢Λs. The sensitivity of the Higgs mass on Λs is strongly suppressed and quadratic divergences cancel by supersymmetry. The one-loop correction to the Higgs mass is finite and equals, for large values of Λs, the value obtained by the so-called KK-regularization
Coenzyme Q Biosynthesis: Coq6 Is Required for the C5-Hydroxylation Reaction and Substrate Analogs Rescue Coq6 Deficiency

SummaryCoenzyme Q (Q), an essential component of eukaryotic cells, is synthesized by several enzymes from the precursor 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Mutations in six of the Q biosynthesis genes cause diseases that can sometimes be ameliorated by oral Q supplementation. We establish here that Coq6, a predicted flavin-dependent monooxygenase, is involved exclusively in the C5-hydroxylation reaction. In an unusual way, the ferredoxin Yah1 and the ferredoxin reductase Arh1 may be the in vivo source of electrons for Coq6. We also show that hydroxylated analogs of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, such as vanillic acid or 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, restore Q biosynthesis and respiration in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae coq6 mutant. Our results demonstrate that appropriate analogs of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid can bypass a deficient Q biosynthetic enzyme and might be considered for the treatment of some primary Q deficiencies
Search for baryon number violation in top-quark decays

AbstractA search for baryon number violation (BNV) in top-quark decays is performed using pp collisions produced by the LHC at s=8 TeV. The top-quark decay considered in this search results in one light lepton (muon or electron), two jets, but no neutrino in the final state. Data used for the analysis were collected by the CMS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−1. The event selection is optimized for top quarks produced in pairs, with one undergoing the BNV decay and the other the standard model hadronic decay to three jets. No significant excess of events over the expected yield from standard model processes is observed. The upper limits at 95% confidence level on the branching fraction of the BNV top-quark decay are calculated to be 0.0016 and 0.0017 for the muon and the electron channels, respectively. Assuming lepton universality, an upper limit of 0.0015 results from the combination of the two channels. These limits are the first that have been obtained on a BNV process involving the top quark
Cationic state distribution over the chlorophyll d-containing PD1/PD2 pair in photosystem II

AbstractMost of the chlorophyll (Chl) cofactors in photosystem II (PSII) from Acaryochloris marina are Chld, although a few Chla molecules are also present. To evaluate the possibility that Chla may participate in the PD1/PD2 Chl pair in PSII from A. marina, the PD1•+/PD2•+ charge ratio was investigated using the PSII crystal structure analyzed at 1.9-Å resolution, while considering all possibilities for the Chld-containing PD1/PD2 pair, i.e., Chld/Chld, Chla/Chld, and Chld/Chla pairs. Chld/Chld and Chla/Chld pairs resulted in a large PD1•+ population relative to PD2•+, as identified in Chla/Chla homodimer pairs in PSII from other species, e.g., Thermosynechococcus elongatus PSII. However, the Chld/Chla pair possessed a PD1•+/PD2•+ ratio of approximately 50/50, which is in contrast to previous spectroscopic studies on A. marina PSII. The present results strongly exclude the possibility that the Chld/Chla pair serves as PD1/PD2 in A. marina PSII. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability: from Natural to Artificial
Search for long-lived particles in events with photons and missing energy in proton–proton collisions at s=7TeV

AbstractResults are presented from a search for long-lived neutralinos decaying into a photon and an invisible particle, a signature associated with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking in supersymmetric models. The analysis is based on a 4.9fb−1 sample of proton–proton collisions at s=7TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The missing transverse energy and the time of arrival of the photon at the electromagnetic calorimeter are used to search for an excess of events over the expected background. No significant excess is observed, and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are obtained on the mass of the lightest neutralino, m>220GeV (for cτ<500mm), as well as on the proper decay length of the lightest neutralino, cτ>6000mm (for m<150GeV)
Search for neutral resonances decaying into a Z boson and a pair of b jets or τ leptons

AbstractA search is performed for a new resonance decaying into a lighter resonance and a Z boson. Two channels are studied, targeting the decay of the lighter resonance into either a pair of oppositely charged τ leptons or a bb‾ pair. The Z boson is identified via its decays to electrons or muons. The search exploits data collected by the CMS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.8 fb−1. No significant deviations are observed from the standard model expectation and limits are set on production cross sections and parameters of two-Higgs-doublet models
Analysis of risk factors of long-term complications in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A single institution's experience

SummaryObjectiveTo establish better management practices to reduce morbidities in survivors with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).MethodsOf 60 patients treated for CDH at our institution between 1991 and 2011, 49 patients without severe anomalies were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsSince 2004, gentle ventilation (GV) has been the main treatment for CDH. Patients were divided into the following two groups: the non-GV group (n = 29) who were treated before GV treatment was implemented, and the GV group (n = 20). The overall survival rate was 62.1% (18/29) and 95% (19/20) in the non-GV and GV groups, respectively (p = 0.016). Despite the high survival rate, the incidence of long-term complications in survivors was still high (14/19, 73.7%) in the GV group. In the GV group, liver-up (p = 0.106) and the need for patch repair (p = 0.257) tended to be associated with the development of long-term complications, but did not reach statistical significance. The presence of perioperative complications was associated with the development of long-term complications (p = 0.045) in the GV group.ConclusionPatients who developed short-term complications seemed to be at risk of long-term complications. Therefore, to minimize long-term morbidities in CDH survivors, the prevention of short-term complications might be important
Autistic traits, ADHD symptoms, neurological soft signs and regional cerebral blood flow in adults with autism spectrum disorders

AbstractThe resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) patterns related to co-occurring symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, neurological soft signs and motor problems have not yet been disclosed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD).In this study thirteen adults with ASD and ten matched neurotypical controls underwent PET. The scores of rating scales for autistic traits, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and neurological soft signs were included in a factorial analysis and correlated with rCBF. Factors corresponding to “autistic/ADHD traits”, “sensory-motor integration” and “Intelligence/Motor sequencing” were identified. In the ASD group, positive correlations with CBF were found for “autistic/ADHD traits” in caudate bilaterally and the inferior parietal lobule, for “sensory-motor integration” in parieto-occipital cortex and for “Intelligence/Motor sequencing” in the right temporal cortex. Notably, CBF in the left thalamus correlated negatively with all three factors. Autistic traits and ADHD symptoms were associated with shared neural substrates. The correlation between “autistic/ADHD traits” and rCBF in the caudate is possibly associated with the executive impairments and ritualistic/stereotyped behaviors apparent in ASD. Furthermore, sensory-motor deficits were correlated with rCBF in the occipital visual cortex, involved in atypical visual perception in ASD. Various behavioral and neurological symptoms are suggested to converge into the ASD phenotype
Marine 187Os/188Os isotope stratigraphy reveals the interaction of volcanism and ocean circulation during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2

AbstractHigh-resolution osmium (Os) isotope stratigraphy across the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary Interval from 6 sections for four transcontinental settings has produced a record of seawater chemistry that demonstrates regional variability as a function of terrestrial and hydrothermal inputs, revealing the impact of palaeoenvironmental processes. In every section the 187Os/188Os profiles show a comparable trend; radiogenic values in the lead up to Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE 2); an abrupt unradiogenic trend at the onset of OAE 2; an unradiogenic interval during the first part of OAE 2; and a return to radiogenic values towards the end of the event, above the Cenomanian–Turonian boundary. The unradiogenic trend in 187Os/188Os is synchronous in all sections. Previous work suggests that activity of the Caribbean LIP (Large Igneous Province) was the source of unradiogenic Os across the OAE 2 and possibly an instigator of anoxia in the oceans. Here we assess this hypothesis and consider the influence of activity from other LIPs; such as the High Arctic LIP.A brief shift to high radiogenic 187Os/188Os values occurred in the Western Interior Seaway before the onset of OAE 2. We evaluate this trend and suggest that a combination of factors collectively played critical roles in the initiation of OAE 2; differential input of nutrients from continental and volcanogenic sources, coupled with efficient palaeocirculation of the global ocean and epeiric seas, enhanced productivity due to higher nutrient availability, which permitted penecontemporaneous transport of continental and LIP-derived nutrients to trans-equatorial basins