pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Forward coherent ϕ-meson photoproduction from deuterons near threshold

AbstractDifferential cross sections and decay asymmetries for coherent ϕ-meson photoproduction from deuterons were measured for the first time at forward angles using linearly polarized photons at Eγ=1.5–2.4 GeV. This reaction offers a unique way to directly access natural-parity pomeron dynamics and gluon exchange at low energies. The cross sections at zero degrees increase with increasing photon energy. The decay asymmetries demonstrate a complete dominance of natural-parity exchange processes, showing that isovector unnatural-parity π-meson exchange is small. Nevertheless the deduced cross sections of ϕ-mesons from nucleons contributed by isoscalar t-channel exchange processes are not well described by the conventional pomeron model
Pulsating stars in $\omega$ Centauri: Near-IR properties and
  period-luminosity relations

$\omega$ Centauri (NGC~5139) contains many variable stars of different types,
including the pulsating type II Cepheids, RR Lyrae and SX Phoenicis stars. We
carried out a deep, wide-field, near-infrared (IR) variability survey of
$\omega$ Cen, using the VISTA telescope. We assembled an unprecedented
homogeneous and complete $J$ and $K_{\rm S}$ near-IR catalog of variable stars
in the field of $\omega$ Cen. In this paper we compare optical and near-IR
light curves of RR Lyrae stars, emphasizing the main differences. Moreover, we
discuss the ability of near-IR observations to detect SX Phoenicis stars given
the fact that the amplitudes are much smaller in these bands compared to the
optical. Finally, we consider the case in which all the pulsating stars in the
three different variability types follow a single period-luminosity relation in
the near-IR bands.Comment: Conference Proceedings. Wide-field variability surveys: a
  21st-century perspective. 6 pages, 4 figures, in pres
Opportunities for knowledge co-production across the energy-food-water\ud
nexus: Making interdisciplinary approaches work for better climate decision\ud
making

The relationship between the energy-food-water nexus and the climate is non-linear, multi-sectoral and time\ud
sensitive, incorporating aspects of complexity and risk in climate related decision-making. Current methods of\ud
analysis were not built to represent such a complex system and are insufficiently equipped to capture and\ud
understand positive and negative externalities generated by the interactions among different stakeholders involved\ud
in the energy-food-water nexus. Potential amplification effects, time delays and path dependency of\ud
climate policies are also inadequately represented. This paper seeks to explore how knowledge co-production\ud
can help identify opportunities for building more effective, sustainable, inclusive and legitimate decision making\ud
processes on climate change. This would enable more resilient responses to climate risks impacting the nexus\ud
while increasing transparency, communication and trust among key actors. We do so by proposing the operationalization\ud
of an interdisciplinary approach of analysis applying the novel methodology developed in\ud
Howarth and Monasterolo (2016). Through a bottom-up, participative approach, we present results of five\ud
themed workshops organized in the UK (focusing on: shocks and hazards, infrastructure, local economy, governance\ud
and governments, finance and insurance) featuring 78 stakeholders from academia, government and\ud
industry. We present participant’s perceptions of opportunities that can emerge from climate and weather shocks\ud
across the energy-food-water nexus. We explore opportunities offered by the development and deployment of a\ud
transdisciplinary approach of analysis within the nexus boundaries and we analyse their implications. Our\ud
analysis contributes to the current debate on how to shape global and local responses to climate change by\ud
reflecting on lessons learnt and best practice from cross-stakeholder and cross-sectorial engagement. In so doing,\ud
it helps inform a new generation of complex systems models to analyse climate change impact on the food-water-energy\ud
nexu
From first-generation guestworkers to second-generation transnationalists: Greek-Germans engage with the 'homeland'

Few studies have been made of the „return‟ of the second-generation children of migrants to their parental homeland. In this paper we examine this „migration chronotope‟ for German-born children of the Greek labour migrants who moved to Germany in the early postwar decades, initially as „guestworkers‟, later becoming more-or-less settled immigrant communities. We focus on two life-stages of return: as young children brought back to Greece for annual holidays or sent back for longer periods, usually to stay with grandparents; and as young adults exercising an independent return, usually leaving their parents (the first generation) behind in Germany. Our source material is twofold: a review of the limited German literature of the 1970s and 1980s on Greek migration to and from Germany; and our own recent field research in Berlin, Athens and Thessaloniki where we interviewed 50 first- and second-generation GreekGermans, the majority of them second-generation. We find the practice of sending young children back to Greece to have been surprisingly widespread yet little documented. Often such family separations and transnational childhoods were disruptive, both for the family unit and for the individual child. Memories of holiday visits, on the other hand, were much more positive. Independent, adult return to the parental homeland takes place for five main reasons, according to our interview evidence: (i) a dream-like „search for self‟ in the „homeland‟; (ii) the attraction of the Greek way of life over the German one; (iii) the actualisation of a „family narrative of return‟ inculcated by the parents but carried out only by the adult children; (iv) lifestage triggers such as going to university in Greece, or marrying a Greek; and (v) return as „escape‟ from a traumatic event or an oppressive family situation. Yet adapting to the Greek way of life, finding satisfactory employment and achieving a settled self-identity in the Greek homeland were, to a greater or lesser extent, challenging objectives for our research participants, some of whom had become quite disillusioned with Greece and re-identified with their „German side‟. Others, on the other hand, were comfortable with their decision to „return‟ to Greece, and were able to manage and reconcile the two elements in their upbringing and residential history. Comparisons are made with other studies of second-generation „return‟, notably in the Caribbean
Large meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies five loci for lean body mass.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked FilesLean body mass, consisting mostly of skeletal muscle, is important for healthy aging. We performed a genome-wide association study for whole body (20 cohorts of European ancestry with n = 38,292) and appendicular (arms and legs) lean body mass (n = 28,330) measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry or bioelectrical impedance analysis, adjusted for sex, age, height, and fat mass. Twenty-one single-nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with lean body mass either genome wide (p < 5 × 10(-8)) or suggestively genome wide (p < 2.3 × 10(-6)). Replication in 63,475 (47,227 of European ancestry) individuals from 33 cohorts for whole body lean body mass and in 45,090 (42,360 of European ancestry) subjects from 25 cohorts for appendicular lean body mass was successful for five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/near HSD17B11, VCAN, ADAMTSL3, IRS1, and FTO for total lean body mass and for three single-nucleotide polymorphisms in/near VCAN, ADAMTSL3, and IRS1 for appendicular lean body mass. Our findings provide new insight into the genetics of lean body mass.Lean body mass is a highly heritable trait and is associated with various health conditions. Here, Kiel and colleagues perform a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for whole body lean body mass and find five novel genetic loci to be significantly associated
Model-independent measurement of mixing parameters in D0→KSπ+π− decays

The first model-independent measurement of the charm mixing parameters in the decay D 0 → K S 0 π + π − is reported, using a sample of pp collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The measured values are x=(−0.86±0.53±0.17)×10−2,y=(+0.03±0.46±0.13)×10−2, x=(−0.86±0.53±0.17)×10−2,y=(+0.03±0.46±0.13)×10−2, where the first uncertainties are statistical and include small contributions due to the external input for the strong phase measured by the CLEO collaboration, and the second uncertainties are systematic. Discover the world's researc
Search for supersymmetry in the vector-boson fusion topology in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The first search for supersymmetry in the vector-boson fusion topology is presented. The search targets final states with at least two leptons, large missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large separation in rapidity. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The observed dijet invariant mass spectrum is found to be consistent with the expected standard model prediction. Upper limits are set on the cross sections for chargino and neutralino production with two associated jets, assuming the supersymmetric partner of the tau lepton to be the lightest slepton and the lightest slepton to be lighter than the charginos. For a so-called compressed-mass-spectrum scenario in which the mass difference between the lightest supersymmetric particle and the next lightest, mass- degenerate, gaugino particles is 50 GeV, a mass lower limit of 170 GeV is set for these latter two particles
Marine and terrestrial environmental changes in NW Europe preceding carbon release at the Paleocene-Eocene transition

Environmental changes associated with the Paleocene–Eocene thermal maximum (PETM, ∼56 Ma) have not yet been documented in detail from the North Sea Basin. Located within proximity to the North Atlantic igneous province (NAIP), the Kilda Basin, and the northern rain belt (paleolatitude 54 °N) during the PETM, this is a critical region for testing proposed triggers of atmospheric carbon release that may have caused the global negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE) in marine and terrestrial environments. The CIE onset is identified from organic matter δ13C in exceptional detail within a highly expanded sedimentary sequence. Pollen and spore assemblages analysed in the same samples for the first time allow a reconstruction of possible changes to vegetation on the surrounding landmass. Multiproxy palynological, geochemical, and sedimentologic records demonstrate enhanced halocline stratification and terrigenous deposition well before (103 yrs) the CIE, interpreted as due to either tectonic uplift possibly from a nearby magmatic intrusion, or increased precipitation and fluvial runoff possibly from an enhanced hydrologic cycle. Stratification and terrigenous deposition increased further at the onset and within the earliest CIE which, coupled with evidence for sea level rise, may be interpreted as resulting from an increase in precipitation over NW Europe consistent with an enhanced hydrologic cycle in response to global warming during the PETM. Palynological evidence indicates a flora dominated by pollen from coastal swamp conifers before the CIE was abruptly replaced with a more diverse assemblage of generalist species including pollen similar to modern alder, fern, and fungal spores. This may have resulted from flooding of coastal areas due to relative sea level rise, and/or ecologic changes forced by climate. A shift towards more diverse angiosperm and pteridophyte vegetation within the early CIE, including pollen similar to modern hickory, documents a long term change to regional vegetation
Antecedents and consequences of career decisional states in adolescence: A longitudinal study

This longitudinal study tested students in Grade 8 and again in Grade 10 on career (maturity, barriers, indecision, decision-making self-efficacy), well-being (self-esteem, life satisfaction, coping) and social (school achievement, paid work experience) variables. Students were allocated to decided or undecided conditions at T1, T2 and across T1-T2, based on self-reported global decidedness ratings. As predicted, the undecided students had poorer career, well-being and social outcomes than the decided students at T1 and T2. The undecided group was also less likely to report having paid work-experience at T1, and to be overrepresented by females at T2. Students who were undecided at T1 and T2 (i.e., continuously undecided) fared poorer than students who were decided at T1 and T2 (continuously decided) and students who changed decision status from T1 to T2 (i.e., developmentally undecided). Females were more likely to be continuously undecided, although continuously undecided males were more complacent and more likely to use maladaptive strategies than females. Implications of being temperamentally versus developmentally undecided are discussed
Influence of cloud and solar zenith angle on the diffuse solar erythemal UV short wavelength cut-offs and maximum spectral irradiance wavelengths

Cloud and the solar zenith angle (SZA) influence the magnitude of the diffuse erythemal UV. The aim of this research was to investigate the variation of the short wavelength cut-off and the maximum spectral irradiance wavelength for the diffuse spectral erythemal UV. The diffuse spectral solar UV was measured on a horizontal plane at ten minute intervals over a four month period with a UV spectroradiometer for the SZA range of 4.1 to 80 degrees. The short wavelength cut-offs and the maximum spectral irradiance wavelengths of the diffuse erythemal UV did not change significantly with cloud cover. The short wavelength cut-off was influenced by SZA and ranged from 290.5 ± 0.3 nm for the small SZA to 295.1 ± 0.7 nm for the larger SZA. The maximum spectral irradiance wavelength of the diffuse erythemal UV was not influenced significantly for SZA of 40 degrees or less. For higher SZA, the maximum spectral irradiance wavelength of the diffuse erythemal UV increased from 305 nm to 313.9 nm
Ischemic postconditioning of the isolated human myocardium : role of the applied protocol

Ischemic postconditioning (IPostC), has been proposed as a useful approach to reduce infarct size in all species, but its clinical utility remains unclear. To investigate the role played by the protocol used on the efficacy of IPostC in protecting the diseased human myocardium. Myocardial atrial samples from patients were subjected to a 90 min ischemia/120 min reoxygenation followed by different IPostC protocols to investigate the role of the time of ischemia (30, 60, 90 and 120 s) and the number of cycles (1, 2, 3 and 4) with 60 and 120 s of total ischemic time. Muscles were also subjected to ischemic preconditioning (IPreC). The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and the measurement of tetrazolium bromide (MTT) were determined. IPostC increased the LDH and decreased the MTT values from those of control, independently of the duration of the conditioning ischemia. LDH and MTT values also worsened by augmenting the number of IPostC cycles whereas they were significantly improved by IPreC. However, analysis of individual results indicated that in approximately 1/3 of the cases IPostC exhibited some degree of protection especially in the presence of increased ischemic injury. The present findings show that IPostC of the human myocardium may be influenced by the protocol used and also by the degree of the preceding ischemic injury. IPostC was beneficial in approximately 1/3 of the cases; however in the remaining cases it increased ischemic damage and, therefore, these results raise a word of caution on its broad clinical use
Associations between age, years in post, years in the profession and personal experience of mental health problems in UK mental health nurses.

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Issues in Mental Health Nursing on 2 June 2017, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/01612840.2017.1324927. Under embargo. Embargo end date: 2 June 2018.Nurses??? own mental health is of paramount important, both in terms of patient safety and the sustainability of the workforce. Age, years in the profession, in post and personal experience or exposure to mental health problems are relevant to the mental health nursing workforce crisis in the UK.This study aimed to determine the relationship between age, years in the profession and post and self reported experience of mental health problems using an online cross sectional survey of 225 UK mental health nurses. Number of years in post was inversely correlated with overall experience of mental health problems, particularly living with someone else with mental health problems. Those with experience of living with someone with mental health problems had significantly fewer years of professional experience than those without. This paper discusses possible explanations for this phenomenon and makes the case for future research on the topi
Association of PHB 1630 C > T and MTHFR 677 C > T polymorphisms with breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: results from a multicenter study

BACKGROUND: The variable penetrance of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers suggests that other genetic or environmental factors modify breast cancer risk. Two genes of special interest are prohibitin (PHB) and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), both of which are important either directly or indirectly in maintaining genomic integrity. METHODS: To evaluate the potential role of genetic variants within PHB and MTHFR in breast and ovarian cancer risk, 4102 BRCA1 and 2093 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 6211 BRCA1 and 2902 BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (CIMBA) were genotyped for the PHB 1630 C>T (rs6917) polymorphism and the MTHFR 677 C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism, respectively. RESULTS: There was no evidence of association between the PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with either disease for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers when breast and ovarian cancer associations were evaluated separately. Analysis that evaluated associations for breast and ovarian cancer simultaneously showed some evidence that BRCA1 mutation carriers who had the rare homozygote genotype (TT) of the PHB 1630 C>T polymorphism were at increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancer (HR 1.50, 95% CI 1.10-2.04 and HR 2.16, 95% CI 1.24-3.76, respectively). However, there was no evidence of association under a multiplicative model for the effect of each minor allele. CONCLUSION: The PHB 1630TT genotype may modify breast and ovarian cancer risks in BRCA1 mutation carriers. This association need to be evaluated in larger series of BRCA1 mutation carriers. British Journal of Cancer (2012) 106, 2016-2024. doi:10.1038/bjc.2012.160 www.bjcancer.com Published online 15 May 2012 (C) 2012 Cancer Research U
A certified plasmid reference material for the standardisation of BCR-ABL1 mRNA quantification by real-time quantitative PCR

Serial quantification of BCR-ABL1 mRNA is an important therapeutic indicator in chronic myeloid leukaemia, but there is a substantial variation in results reported by different laboratories. To improve comparability, an internationally accepted plasmid certified reference material (CRM) was developed according to ISO Guide 34:2009. Fragments of BCR-ABL1 (e14a2 mRNA fusion), BCR and GUSB transcripts were amplified and cloned into pUC18 to yield plasmid pIRMM0099. Six different linearised plasmid solutions were produced with the following copy number concentrations, assigned by digital PCR, and expanded uncertainties: 1.08 +/- 0.13 x 10(6), 1.08 +/- 0.11 x 10(5), 1.03 +/- 0.10 x 10(4), 1.02 +/- 0.09 x 10(3), 1.04 +/- 0.10 x 10(2) and 10.0 +/- 1.5 copies/mu l. The certification of the material for the number of specific DNA fragments per plasmid, copy number concentration of the plasmid solutions and the assessment of inter-unit heterogeneity and stability were performed according to ISO Guide 35:2006. Two suitability studies performed by 63 BCR-ABL1 testing laboratories demonstrated that this set of 6 plasmid CRMs can help to standardise a number of measured transcripts of e14a2 BCR-ABL1 and three control genes (ABL1, BCR and GUSB). The set of six plasmid CRMs is distributed worldwide by the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (Belgium) and its authorised distributors (https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/reference-materials/catalogue/;CRM code ERM-AD623a-f)
International incidence of childhood cancer, 2001-10: a population-based registry study

BACKGROUND: Cancer is a major cause of death in children worldwide, and the recorded incidence tends to increase with time. Internationally comparable data on childhood cancer incidence in the past two decades are scarce. This study aimed to provide internationally comparable local data on the incidence of childhood cancer to promote research of causes and implementation of childhood cancer control.\ud
METHODS: This population-based registry study, devised by the International Agency for Research on Cancer in collaboration with the International Association of Cancer Registries, collected data on all malignancies and non-malignant neoplasms of the CNS diagnosed before age 20 years in populations covered by high-quality cancer registries with complete data for 2001-10. Incidence rates per million person-years for the 0-14 years and 0-19 years age groups were age-adjusted using the world standard population to provide age-standardised incidence rates (WSRs), using the age-specific incidence rates (ASR) for individual age groups (0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and 15-19 years). All rates were reported for 19 geographical areas or ethnicities by sex, age group, and cancer type. The regional WSRs for children aged 0-14 years were compared with comparable data obtained in the 1980s.\ud
FINDINGS: Of 532 invited cancer registries, 153 registries from 62 countries, departments, and territories met quality standards, and contributed data for the entire decade of 2001-10. 385 509 incident cases in children aged 0-19 years occurring in 2·64 billion person-years were included. The overall WSR was 140·6 per million person-years in children aged 0-14 years (based on 284 649 cases), and the most common cancers were leukaemia (WSR 46·4), followed by CNS tumours (WSR 28·2), and lymphomas (WSR 15·2). In children aged 15-19 years (based on 100 860 cases), the ASR was 185·3 per million person-years, the most common being lymphomas (ASR 41·8) and the group of epithelial tumours and melanoma (ASR 39·5). Incidence varied considerably between and within the described regions, and by cancer type, sex, age, and racial and ethnic group. Since the 1980s, the global WSR of registered cancers in children aged 0-14 years has increased from 124·0 (95% CI 123·3-124·7) to 140·6 (140·1-141·1) per million person-years.\ud
INTERPRETATION: This unique global source of childhood cancer incidence will be used for aetiological research and to inform public health policy, potentially contributing towards attaining several targets of the Sustainable Development Goals. The observed geographical, racial and ethnic, age, sex, and temporal variations require constant monitoring and research.\ud
FUNDING: International Agency for Research on Cancer and the Union for International Cancer Control