pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
126 GeV Higgs in next-to-minimal Universal Extra Dimensions

AbstractThe discovery of a Higgs boson and precise measurements of its properties open a new window to test physics beyond the standard model. Models with Universal Extra Dimensions are not an exception. Kaluza–Klein excitations of the standard model particles contribute to the production and decay of the Higgs boson. In particular, parameters associated with third generation quarks are constrained by Higgs data, which are relatively insensitive to other searches often involving light quarks and leptons. We investigate implications of the 126 GeV Higgs in next-to-minimal Universal Extra Dimensions, and show that boundary terms and bulk masses allow a lower compactification scale as compared to in minimal Universal Extra Dimensions
Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractMeasurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb−1. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph+pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat+sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values
The role of vector-baryon channels and resonances in the γp→K0Σ+ and γn→K0Σ0 reactions near the K⁎Λ threshold

AbstractWe have studied the γp→K0Σ+ reaction in the energy region around the K⁎Λ and K⁎Σ thresholds, where the CBELSA/TAPS cross section shows a sudden drop and the differential cross section experiences a transition from a forward-peaked distribution to a flat one. Our coupled-channel model incorporates the dynamics of the vector meson–baryon interaction which is obtained from the hidden gauge formalism. We find that the cross section in this energy region results from a delicate interference between amplitudes having K⁎Λ and K⁎Σ intermediate states. The sharp downfall is dictated by the presence of a nearby N⁎ resonance produced by our model, a feature that we have employed to predict its properties. We also show results for the complementary γn→K0Σ0 reaction, the measurement of which would test the mechanism proposed in this work
The association of defensin HNP-2 with negatively charged membranes: A combined fluorescence and linear dichroism study

AbstractThe association of defensin HNP-2 with negatively charged membranes has been studied using a new approach that combines fluorescence and linear dichroism (LD) spectroscopies with simulated LD spectra in order to characterise the binding kinetics and bound configurations of the peptide. Binding to membranes composed of mixtures of diacylglycerophosphocholines (PC) with either diacylglycerophosphoglycerol (PG) or diacylglycerophosphoserine (PS) was conducted at lipid:peptide ratios that yielded binding, but not membrane fusion. HNP-2 association with membranes under these conditions was a 2 stage-process, with both stages exhibiting first order kinetics. The fast initial step, with a half-life of <1min, was followed by a slower step with a half-life of >3min. Conversion between the states was estimated to have an enthalpy of activation of approximately 10kJmol−1 and an entropy of activation of −0.2kJKmol−1. LD spectra corresponding to each of the membrane bound states were generated by non-linear regression using a standard kinetic model. These spectra are interpreted in comparison with spectra calculated using the program Dichrocalc and reveal that the peptide associates with membranes in a small number of stable configurations. All of these configurations have a significant proportion of β-sheet structure residing in the plane of the membrane. Two configurations support structures previously proposed for defensins in membranes
Effects of the reduction of caffeine consumption on tinnitus perception

AbstractIntroductionFor many years, excessive caffeine consumption has been touted as an aggravating factor for tinnitus. The pathophysiology behind this effect is probably related to the blockage of adenosine receptors by the action of caffeine on the central nervous system.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of reduction of coffee consumption on tinnitus sensation and to identify subgroups more prone to benefit from this therapeutic strategy.Study designProspective.MethodsTwenty-six tinnitus patients who consumed at least 150mL of coffee per day were selected. All were asked to reduce their coffee consumption. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) questionnaire was completed by the patients before and after the reduction of coffee consumption, as well as a visual-analog scale (VAS) graduated from 1 to 10.ResultsTHI and VAS scores were significantly reduced (p<0.05). In the subgroups less than 60 years old, bilateral tinnitus and daily coffee consumption between 150 and 300mL showed a significantly greater reduction of THI and VAS scores.ConclusionPatients under 60 years of age with bilateral tinnitus and daily coffee consumption between 150 and 300mL are more prone to benefit from consumption reduction. Thirty-day observation periods may be helpful for a better therapeutical decision
The pattern of amyloid accumulation in the brains of adults with Down syndrome

AbstractIntroductionAdults with Down syndrome (DS) invariably develop Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. Understanding amyloid deposition in DS can yield crucial information about disease pathogenesis.MethodsForty-nine adults with DS aged 25–65 underwent positron emission tomography with Pittsburgh compound–B (PIB). Regional PIB binding was assessed with respect to age, clinical, and cognitive status.ResultsAbnormal PIB binding became evident from 39 years, first in striatum followed by rostral prefrontal-cingulo-parietal regions, then caudal frontal, rostral temporal, primary sensorimotor and occipital, and finally parahippocampal cortex, thalamus, and amygdala. PIB binding was related to age, diagnostic status, and cognitive function.DiscussionPIB binding in DS, first appearing in striatum, began around age 40 and was strongly associated with dementia and cognitive decline. The absence of a substantial time lag between amyloid accumulation and cognitive decline contrasts to sporadic/familial AD and suggests this population's suitability for an amyloid primary prevention trial
Decipher the short-distance component of X(3872) in Bc decays

AbstractA foremost task in understanding the nature of the X(3872) involves the discrimination of the two-quark and multiquark configurations. In this work, we propose a method to probe the short-distance component of the X(3872) by measuring the ratio between the Bc semileptonic and nonleptonic decays into the X(3872). We demonstrate that if the X(3872) production mechanism is through the c¯c component, the ratios would be universal and could be reliably predicted in theory. Measurements of these ratios at LHC and the next-generation electron–positron colliders are capable of validating/invalidating this production mechanism and providing deeper insights into the nature of the X(3872)
Atomic parity violation in the economical 3–3–1 model

AbstractThe deviation δQW of the weak charge from its standard model prediction due to the mixing of the W boson with the charged bilepton Y as well as of the Z boson with the neutral Z′ and the real part of the non-Hermitian neutral bilepton X in the economical 3–3–1 model is established. Additional contributions to the usual δQW expression in the extra U(1) models and the left–right models are obtained. Our calculations are quite different from previous analyzes in this kind of the 3–3–1 models and give the limit on mass of the Z′ boson, the Z–Z′ and W–Y mixing angles with the more appropriate values: MZ′>564 GeV, −0.018<sinφ<0 and |sinθ|<0.043
VET Efficacy: Evaluation of Factors in the Workplace Training

AbstractTraining in the workplace is a key part of VET studies because allows students to develop their skills in a work setting, and gives important information about how well VET studies prepare skilled workers. However, there is little information about factors that influence the efficacy of training in the workplace. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of training in the workplace, through the factors that influence training efficacy. We applied a questionnaire of 57 items (5-point Likert scale), a sample of 1,026 VET students in the area of Barcelona, Spain. The results show that the factor “integration into the workplace” is rated more positively by the VET students (4.19), and the factors “social attitudes” and “individual attitudes” get a low score (3.30 and 2.93, respectively). The study allows the introduction of improvements and changes in these practices in order to improve the quality of VET
Data characterizing the chloroplast genomes of extinct and endangered Hawaiian endemic mints (Lamiaceae) and their close relatives

AbstractThese data are presented in support of a plastid phylogenomic analysis of the recent radiation of the Hawaiian endemic mints (Lamiaceae), and their close relatives in the genus Stachys, “The quest to resolve recent radiations: Plastid phylogenomics of extinct and endangered Hawaiian endemic mints (Lamiaceae)” [1]. Here we describe the chloroplast genome sequences for 12 mint taxa. Data presented include summaries of gene content and length for these taxa, structural comparison of the mint chloroplast genomes with published sequences from other species in the order Lamiales, and comparisons of variability among three Hawaiian taxa vs. three outgroup taxa. Finally, we provide a list of 108 primer pairs targeting the most variable regions within this group and designed specifically for amplification of DNA extracted from degraded herbarium material
Single-Cell Responses to Face Adaptation in the Human Medial Temporal Lobe

SummaryWe used a face adaptation paradigm to bias the perception of ambiguous images of faces and study how single neurons in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) respond to the same images eliciting different percepts. The ambiguous images were morphs between the faces of two familiar individuals, chosen because at least one MTL neuron responded selectively to one but not to the other face. We found that the firing of MTL neurons closely followed the subjects’ perceptual decisions—i.e., recognizing one person or the other. In most cases, the response to the ambiguous images was similar to the one obtained when showing the pictures without morphing. Altogether, these results show that many neurons in the medial temporal lobe signal the subjects’ perceptual decisions rather than the visual features of the stimulus
Spontaneous R-parity breaking and left–right symmetry

AbstractWe propose a simple renormalizable left–right theory where R-parity is spontaneously broken and neutrino masses are generated through the Type I seesaw mechanism and R-parity violation. In this theory R-parity and the gauge symmetry are broken by the sneutrino vacuum expectation values and there is no Majoron problem. The SU(2)R and R-parity violation scales are determined by the SUSY breaking scale making the model very predictive. We discuss the spectrum and possible tests of the theory through the neutralinos, charginos, Z′ and WR± decays at the Large Hadron Collider
Universal rise of hadronic total cross sections based on forward πp and p¯p(pp) scatterings

AbstractRecently there are several evidences of the increase of the total cross section σtot to be log2s consistent with the Froissart unitarity bound, and the COMPETE collaborations in the PDG have further assumed σtot≃Blog2(s/s0) to extend its universal rise with a common value of B for all the hadronic scatterings. However, there is no rigorous proof yet based only on QCD. Therefore, it is worthwhile to prove this universal rise of σtot even empirically. In this Letter we attempt to obtain the value of B for πp scattering, Bπp, with reasonable accuracy by taking into account the rich πp data in all the energy regions. We use the finite-energy sum rule (FESR) expressed in terms of the πp scattering data in the low and intermediate energies as a constraint between high-energy parameters. We then have searched for the simultaneous best fit to the σtot and ρ ratios, the ratios of the real to imaginary parts of the forward scattering amplitudes. The lower energy data are included in the integral of FESR, the more precisely determined is the non-leading term such as logs, and then helps to determine the leading terms like log2s. We have derived the value of Bπp as Bπp=0.311±0.044 mb. This value is to be compared with the value of B for p¯p,pp scattering, Bpp, in our previous analysis [M. Ishida, K. Igi, Eur. Phys. J. C 52 (2007) 357], Bpp=0.289±0.023 mb. Thus, our result appears to support the universality hypothesis
Explicit analysis of Kähler deformations in 4D N=1 supersymmetric quiver theories

AbstractStarting from the N=2 SYM4 quiver theory living on wrapped Ni D5-branes around Si2 spheres of deformed ADE fibered Calabi–Yau threefolds (CY3) and considering deformations using massive vector multiplets, we explicitly build a new class of N=1 quiver gauge theories. In these models, the quiver gauge group ∏iU(Ni) is spontaneously broken down to ∏iSU(Ni) and Kähler deformations are shown to be given by the real part of the integral (2,1) form of CY3. We also give the superfield correspondence between the N=1 quiver gauge models derived here and those constructed by Cachazo et al. [hep-th/0108120] using complex deformations. Other aspects of these two dual N=1 supersymmetric field theories are discussed
Inducible nitric oxide synthase in human lymphomononuclear cells activated by synthetic peptides derived from extracellular matrix proteins.

Synthetic peptides with sequences present in extracellular matrix proteins are capable of causing the expression of the inducible form of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), detected by immunocytochemistry, and the release of NO by human lymphomononuclear cells incubated in their presence. Active peptides are 15-mers containing a characteristic 2-6-11 motif in which the amino acid residue at position 2 is Leu, Ile, Val, Gly, Ala or Lys; the residue at position 6 is always Pro; and residue 11 is Glu or Asp. The induction of iNOS in human monocytes and macrophages could be involved in the cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines also elicited by these peptides
Evidence for a mixed mass composition at the 'ankle' in the cosmic-ray spectrum

We report a first measurement for ultrahigh energy cosmic rays of the correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence and the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Such a correlation measurement is a unique feature of a hybrid air-shower observatory with sensitivity to both the electromagnetic and muonic components. It allows an accurate determination of the spread of primary masses in the cosmic-ray flux. Up till now, constraints on the spread of primary masses have been dominated by systematic uncertainties. The present correlation measurement is not affected by systematics in the measurement of the depth of shower maximum or the signal in the water Cherenkov stations. The analysis relies on general characteristics of air showers and is thus robust also with respect to uncertainties in hadronic event generators. The observed correlation in the energy range around the 'ankle' at lg(E/eV) = 18.5-19.0 differs significantly from expectations for pure primary cosmic-ray compositions. A light composition made up of proton and helium only is equally inconsistent with observations. The data are explained well by a mixed composition including nuclei with mass A > 4. Scenarios such as the proton dip model, with almost pure compositions, are thus disfavored as the sole explanation of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray flux at Earth. (C) 2016 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V
Multiplicities of charged pions and charged hadrons from deep-inelastic scattering of muons off an isoscalar target

Multiplicities of charged pions and charged hadrons produced in deep-inelastic scattering were measured in three-dimensional bins of the Bjorken scaling variable x, the relative virtual-photon energy y and the relative hadron energy z  . Data were obtained by the COMPASS Collaboration using a View the MathML source muon beam and an isoscalar target (6LiD). They cover the kinematic domain in the photon virtuality View the MathML source, 0.004<x<0.4, 0.2<z<0.85 and 0.1<y<0.7. In addition, a leading-order pQCD analysis was performed using the pion multiplicity results to extract quark fragmentation functions
Measurement of the exclusive $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-$
  process in proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS
  detector

The production of exclusive $\gamma \gamma \rightarrow \mu^+ \mu^-$ events in
proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is measured with
the ATLAS detector at the LHC, using data corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 3.2 fb$^{-1}$. The measurement is performed for a dimuon
invariant mass of 12 GeV $<m_{\mu^+\mu^-}<$ 70 GeV. The integrated
cross-section is determined within a fiducial acceptance region of the ATLAS
detector and differential cross-sections are measured as a function of the
dimuon invariant mass. The results are compared to theoretical predictions that
include corrections for absorptive effects.Comment: 35 pages in total, author list starting page 19, 5 figures, 3 tables,
  submitted to PLB, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2016-13
A Search for Excited Neutrinos in e-p Collisions at HERA

A search for excited neutrinos is performed using the full $e^{-}p$ data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA at a centre-of-mass energy of 319 GeV, corresponding to a total luminosity of 184 pb$^{-1}$.The electroweak decays of excited neutrinos ${\nu}^{*}{\to}{\nu}{\gamma}$, ${\nu}^{*}{\to}{\nu}Z$ and ${\nu}^{*}{\to}eW$ with subsequent hadronic or leptonic decays of the $W$ and $Z$ bosons are considered. No evidence for excited neutrino production is found. Mass dependent exclusion limits on $\nu^*$ production cross sections and on the ratio of the coupling to the compositeness scale $f/{\Lambda}$ are derived within gauge mediated models. A limit on $f/{\Lambda}$, independent of the relative couplings to the SU(2) and U(1) gauge bosons, is also determined. These limits extend the excluded region to higher masses than has been possible in previous excited neutrino searches.A search for excited neutrinos is performed using the full $e^{-}p$ data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA at a centre-of-mass energy of 319 GeV, corresponding to a total luminosity of 184 pb$^{-1}$.The electroweak decays of excited neutrinos ${\nu}^{*}{\to}{\nu}{\gamma}$, ${\nu}^{*}{\to}{\nu}Z$ and ${\nu}^{*}{\to}eW$ with subsequent hadronic or leptonic decays of the $W$ and $Z$ bosons are considered. No evidence for excited neutrino production is found. Mass dependent exclusion limits on $\nu^*$ production cross sections and on the ratio of the coupling to the compositeness scale $f/{\Lambda}$ are derived within gauge mediated models. A limit on $f/{\Lambda}$, independent of the relative couplings to the SU(2) and U(1) gauge bosons, is also determined. These limits extend the excluded region to higher masses than has been possible in previous excited neutrino searches.A search for first generation excited neutrinos is performed using the full e−p data sample collected by the H1 experiment at HERA at a centre-of-mass energy of 319 GeV , corresponding to a total luminosity of 184 pb−1 . The electroweak decays of excited neutrinos ν∗→νγ , ν∗→νZ and ν∗→eW with subsequent hadronic or leptonic decays of the W and Z bosons are considered. No evidence for excited neutrino production is found. Mass dependent exclusion limits on ν∗ production cross sections and on the ratio of the coupling to the compositeness scale f/Λ are derived within gauge mediated models. A limit on f/Λ , independent of the relative couplings to the SU(2) and U(1) gauge bosons, is also determined. These limits extend the excluded region to higher masses than has been possible in previous excited neutrino searches
The Influence of postpartum posttraumatic Stress Disorders on the childhood Development: a population-based Two-year follow-up Study

Background.\ud
Against the background of very limited evidence, the present study aimed to prospectively examine the impact of maternal postpartum PTSD symptoms on four important areas of child development, i.e. gross motor, fine motor, communication, and social-emotional development.\ud
\ud
Methods.\ud
This study is part of the large, population based Akershus Birth Cohort. Data from the hospital’s birth record as well as questionnaire data from 8 weeks and 2 years postpartum were used (n=1,472). The domains of child development that were significantly correlated with PTSD symptoms were entered into regression analyses. Interaction analyses were run to test whether the influence of postpartum PTSD symptoms on child development was moderated by child sex or infant temperament.\ud
\ud
Results.\ud
Postpartum PTSD symptoms had a prospective relationship with poor child social-emotional development two years later. This relationship remained significant even when adjusting for confounders such as maternal depression and anxiety or infant temperament. Both child sex and infant temperament moderated the association between maternal PTSD symptoms and child socialemotional development, i.e. with increasing maternal PTSD symptom load, boys and children with a difficult temperament showed to have comparatively higher levels of social-emotional problems.\ud
\ud
Conclusions.\ud
Examining four different domains of child development, we found a prospective impact of postpartum PTSD symptoms on children’s social-emotional development at two years of age. Our findings suggest that both boys and children with an early difficult temperament may be particularly susceptible to the adverse impact of postpartum PTSD symptoms. Additional studies are needed to further investigate the mechanisms at work