pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Medium-induced gluon branching

We study the evolution of an energetic jet which radiates gluons while
propagating through a dense QCD medium modeled as a random distribution of
color sources. Motivated by the heavy ion experimental program at the LHC, we
focus on the medium-induced radiation of (relatively) soft gluons, which are
abundantly emitted at large angles and thus can transport a small fraction of
the jet energy far away from the jet axis. We perform a complete calculation of
the medium-induced gluon branching in the regime where the gluons that take
part in the branching undergo multiple soft scattering with the medium. We
extend the BDMPSZ theory of radiative energy loss by including the transverse
momentum dependence in the kernel that describes the branching and by analyzing
the correlations between the two offspring gluons. We demonstrate that these
gluons lose color coherence with respect to each other over a time scale that
is comparable to the duration of the branching. It follows that interference
effects between successive emissions are suppressed, a necessary ingredient for
a description of multiple emission of soft gluons by a probabilistic, branching
process.Comment: 51 pages, 14 figure
Supersymmetry of classical solutions in Chern-Simons higher spin
  supergravity

We construct and study classical solutions in Chern-Simons supergravity based
on the superalgebra sl(N|N-1). The algebra for the N=3 case is written down
explicitly using the fact that it arises as the global part of the super
conformal W_3 superalgebra. For this case we construct new classical solutions
and study their supersymmetry. Using the algebra we write down the Killing
spinor equations and explicitly construct the Killing spinor for conical
defects and black holes in this theory. We show that for the general sl(N|N-1)
theory the condition for the periodicity of the Killing spinor can be written
in terms of the products of the odd roots of the super algebra and the
eigenvalues of the holonomy matrix of the background. Thus the supersymmetry of
a given background can be stated in terms of gauge invariant and well defined
physical observables of the Chern-Simons theory. We then show that for N\geq 4,
the sl(N|N-1) theory admits smooth supersymmetric conical defects.Comment: 40 pages, includes discussion of conical defects for N\geq 4, typos
  corrected and presentation improve
Dark Matter in a twisted bottle

The real projective plane is a compact, non-orientable orbifold of Euler
characteristic 1 without boundaries, which can be described as a twisted Klein
bottle. We shortly review the motivations for choosing such a geometry among
all possible two-dimensional orbifolds, while the main part of the study will
be devoted to dark matter study and limits in Universal Extra Dimensional (UED)
models based on this peculiar geometry. In the following we consider such a UED
construction based on the direct product of the real projective plane with the
standard four-dimensional Minkowski space-time and discuss its relevance as a
model of a weakly interacting Dark Matter candidate. One important difference
with other typical UED models is the origin of the symmetry leading to the
stability of the dark matter particle. This symmetry in our case is a remnant
of the six-dimensional Minkowski space-time symmetry partially broken by the
compactification. Another important difference is the very small mass splitting
between the particles of a given Kaluza-Klein tier, which gives a very
important role to co-annihilation effects. Finally the role of higher
Kaluza-Klein tiers is also important and is discussed together with a detailed
numerical description of the influence of the resonances.Comment: 43 pages, 27 figures, 11 table
A Global SU(5) F-theory model with Wilson line breaking

We engineer compact SU(5) Grand Unified Theories in F-theory in which
GUT-breaking is achieved by a discrete Wilson line. Because the internal gauge
field is flat, these models avoid the high scale threshold corrections
associated with hypercharge flux. Along the way, we exemplify the
`local-to-global' approach in F-theory model building and demonstrate how the
Tate divisor formalism can be used to address several challenges of extending
local models to global ones. These include in particular the construction of
G-fluxes that extend non-inherited bundles and the engineering of U(1)
symmetries. We go beyond chirality computations and determine the precise
(charged) massless spectrum, finding exactly three families of quarks and
leptons but excessive doublet and/or triplet pairs in the Higgs sector
(depending on the example) and vector-like exotics descending from the adjoint
of SU(5)_{GUT}. Understanding why vector-like pairs persist in the Higgs sector
without an obvious symmetry to protect them may shed light on new solutions to
the mu problem in F-theory GUTs.Comment: 95 pages (71 pages + 1 Appendix); v2 references added, minor
  correction
Gauge Invariant Computable Quantities In Timelike Liouville Theory

Timelike Liouville theory admits the sphere $\mathbb{S}^{2}$ as a real saddle
point, about which quantum fluctuations can occur. An issue occurs when
computing the expectation values of specific types of quantities, like the
distance between points. The problem being that the gauge redundancy of the
path integral over metrics is not completely fixed even after fixing to
conformal gauge by imposing $g_{\mu\nu} = e^{2\b\phi}\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu}$, where
$\phi$ is the Liouville field and $\tilde{g}_{\mu\nu}$ is a reference metric.
The physical metric $g_{\mu\nu}$, and therefore the path integral over metrics
still possesses a gauge redundancy due to invariance under $SL_{2}(\mathbb{C})$
coordinate transformations of the reference coordinates. This zero mode of the
action must be dealt with before a perturbative analysis can be made.
  This paper shows that after fixing to conformal gauge, the remaining zero
mode of the linearized Liouville action due to $SL_{2}(\mathbb{C})$ coordinate
transformations can be dealt with by using standard Fadeev-Popov methods.
Employing the gauge condition that the "dipole" of the reference coordinate
system is a fixed vector, and then integrating over all values of this dipole
vector. The "dipole" vector referring to how coordinate area is concentrated
about the sphere; assuming the sphere is embedded in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ and
centered at the origin, and the coordinate area is thought of as a charge
density on the sphere. The vector points along the ray from the origin of
$\mathbb{R}^{3}$ to the direction of greatest coordinate area.
  A Green's function is obtained and used to compute the expectation value of
the geodesic length between two points on the $\mathbb{S}^{2}$ to second order
in the Timelike Liouville coupling $\b$. This quantity doesn't suffer from any
power law or logarithmic divergences as a na\"{i}ve power counting argument
might suggest.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figures, Minor Typos corrected, references adde
Measurement of the neutrino velocity with the OPERA detector in the CNGS beam using the 2012 dedicated data

In spring 2012 CERN provided two weeks of a short bunch proton beam dedicated to the neutrino velocity measurement over a distance of 730 km. The OPERA neutrino experiment at the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory used an upgraded setup compared to the 2011 measurements, improving the measurement time accuracy. An independent timing system based on the Resistive Plate Chambers was exploited providing a time accuracy of ∼1 ns. Neutrino and anti-neutrino contributions were separated using the information provided by the OPERA magnetic spectrometers. The new analysis profited from the precision geodesy measurements of the neutrino baseline and of the CNGS/LNGS clock synchronization. The neutrino arrival time with respect to the one computed assuming the speed of light in vacuum is found to be δtν≡TOFc−TOFν=(0.6±0.4 (stat.)±3.0 (syst.)) ns and δtν¯≡TOFc−TOFν¯=(1.7±1.4 (stat.)±3.1 (syst.)) ns for νμ and ν¯μ, respectively. This corresponds to a limit on the muon neutrino velocity with respect to the speed of light of −1.8×10−6<(vν−c)/c<2.3×10−6 at 90% C.L. This new measurement confirms with higher accuracy the revised OPERA result
Instanton effects in ABJM theory from Fermi gas approach

We study the instanton effects of the ABJM partition function using the Fermi gas formalism. We compute the exact values of the partition function at the Chern-Simons levels k = 1, 2, 3, 1, 6 up to N = 44,20,18, 16, 14 respectively, and extract non-perturbative corrections from these exact results. Fitting the resulting non-perturbative corrections by their expected forms from the Fermi gas, we determine unknown parameters in them. After separating the oscillating behavior of the grand potential, which originates in the periodicity of the grand partition function, and the worldsheet instanton contribution, which is computed from the topological string theory, we succeed in proposing an analytical expression for the leading D2-instanton correction. Just as the perturbative result, the instanton corrections to the partition function are expressed in terms of the Airy function
3d superconformal indices and isomorphisms of M2-brane theories

We test several expected isomorphisms between the U(N)xU(N) ABJM theory and
(SU(N)xSU(N))/Z_N theory including the BLG theory by comparing their
superconformal indices. From moduli space analysis, it is expected that this
equivalence can hold if and only if the rank N and Chern-Simons level k are
coprime. We also calculate the index of the ABJ theory and investigate whether
some theories with identical moduli spaces are isomorphic or not.Comment: 28 pages, no figure; v2: references added; v3: few typos correcte
Complete one-loop effects of SUSY QCD in $b\bar{b}h$ production at the
  LHC under current experimental constraints

Inspired by the recent LHC Higgs data and null search results of
supersymmetry (SUSY), we scan the parameter space of the Minimal Supersymmetric
Standard Model (MSSM) with relatively heavy sparticles (1-3 TeV). Then in the
parameter space allowed by current collider experiments and dark matter
detections, we calculate the complete one-loop SUSY QCD corrections to $pp\to
b\bar{b}h$ at the LHC with $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV and obtain the following
observations: (i) For the large values of $\tan\beta$ and low values of
$m_{A}$, the SUSY QCD effects can be quite large, which, however, have been
excluded by the latest results of LHC search for $H/A \to \tau^{+}\tau^{-}$;
(ii) For modest values of $\tan\beta$ and $m_{A}$ which so far survived all
experimental constraints, the SUSY QCD corrections can maximally reach about
-9%.Comment: figures updated, references and discussions added, version accepted
  by JHE
Maximal super Yang-Mills theories on curved background with off-shell
  supercharges

We construct d<=7 dimensional maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories on
a class of curved backgrounds with off-shell supercharges. The off-shell
supersymmetry is mainly a generalization of on-shell supersymmetry constructed
previously by Blau. We present several examples of backgrounds and discuss the
number of the preserved supersymmetries on these backgrounds. We also construct
another maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories on S^3 by dimensional
reducing along the R-direction of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory on RxS^3.Comment: 19 pages, no figrues, typos corrected, reference added, some
  explanations improve
Intrinsic transverse momentum and parton correlations from dynamical
  chiral symmetry breaking

The dynamical breaking of chiral symmetry in QCD is caused by nonperturbative
interactions on a scale rho ~ 0.3 fm, much smaller than the hadronic size R ~ 1
fm. These short-distance interactions influence the intrinsic transverse
momentum distributions of partons and their correlations at a low normalization
point. We study this phenomenon in an effective description of low-energy
dynamics based on chiral constituent quark degrees of freedom, which refers to
the large-N_c limit of QCD. The nucleon is obtained as a system of constituent
quarks and antiquarks moving in a self-consistent classical chiral field
(chiral quark-soliton model). The calculated distributions of constituent
quarks/antiquarks are matched with QCD partons at the scale rho^{-2}. The p_T
distribution of valence quarks is localized at p_T^2 ~ R^{-2} and roughly of
Gaussian shape. The sea quark distribution exhibits a would-be power-like tail
~1/p_T^2 extending up to the chiral symmetry-breaking scale. Such behavior is
seen in the flavor-singlet unpolarized and nonsinglet polarized sea. The
high-momentum tails are the result of short-range correlations between sea
quarks in the nucleon's light-cone wave function, analogous to NN correlations
in nuclei. The nucleon wave function contains correlated pairs of transverse
size rho << R with sigma- and pi-like quantum numbers, whose internal wave
functions become identical at p_T^2 ~ rho^{-2} (restoration of chiral
symmetry). These features are model-independent and represent an effect of
dynamical chiral symmetry breaking on the nucleon's partonic structure. Our
results have numerous implications for the P_T distributions of particles
produced in hard scattering processes. The nonperturbative parton correlations
predicted here could be observed in particle correlations between the current
and target fragmentation regions of DIS.Comment: 46 pages, 20 figure
Quantum field theoretic approach to neutrino oscillations in matter

We consider neutrino oscillations in non-uniform matter in a quantum field
theoretic (QFT) approach, in which neutrino production, propagation and
detection are considered as a single process. We find the conditions under
which the oscillation probability can be sensibly defined and demonstrate how
the properly normalized oscillation probability can be obtained in the QFT
framework. We derive the evolution equation for the oscillation amplitude and
discuss the conditions under which it reduces to the standard
Schr\"odinger-like evolution equation. It is shown that, contrary to the common
usage, the Schr\"odinger-like evolution equation is not applicable in certain
cases, such as oscillations of neutrinos produced in decays of free pions
provided that sterile neutrinos with $\Delta m^2\gtrsim 1$ eV$^2$ exist.Comment: LaTeX, 24 pages + 16 pages of appendices, 1 figure. V2: typos
  correcte
A Light Stop with Flavor in Natural SUSY

The discovery of a SM-like Higgs boson near 125 GeV and the flavor texture of
the Standard Model motivate the investigation of supersymmetric quiver-like BSM
extensions. We study the properties of such a minimal class of models which
deals naturally with the SM parameters. Considering experimental bounds as well
as constraints from flavor physics and Electro-Weak Precision Data, we find the
following. In a self-contained minimal model - including the full dynamics of
the Higgs sector - top squarks below a TeV are in tension with b->s{\gamma}
constraints. Relaxing the assumption concerning the mass generation of the
heavy Higgses, we find that a stop not far from half a TeV is allowed. The
models have some unique properties, e.g. an enhancement of the h->
b\bar{b},\tau\bar{{\tau}} decays relative to the h->\gamma{\gamma} one, a
gluino about 3 times heavier than the stop, an inverted hierarchy of about 3-20
between the squarks of the first two generations and the stop, relatively light
Higgsino neutralino or stau NLSP, as well as heavy Higgses and a W' which may
be within reach of the LHC.Comment: LaTeX, 22 pages, 4 figures; V2: references adde
Quarkonium dissociation by anisotropy

We compute the screening length for quarkonium mesons moving through an
anisotropic, strongly coupled N=4 super Yang-Mills plasma by means of its
gravity dual. We present the results for arbitrary velocities and orientations
of the mesons, as well as for arbitrary values of the anisotropy. The
anisotropic screening length can be larger or smaller than the isotropic one,
and this depends on whether the comparison is made at equal temperatures or at
equal entropy densities. For generic motion we find that: (i) mesons dissociate
above a certain critical value of the anisotropy, even at zero temperature;
(ii) there is a limiting velocity for mesons in the plasma, even at zero
temperature; (iii) in the ultra-relativistic limit the screening length scales
as $(1-v^2)^\epsilon$ with \epsilon =1/2, in contrast with the isotropic result
\epsilon =1/4.Comment: 39 pages, 26 figures; v2: minor changes, added reference
A Gravitino-rich Universe

The gravitino may well play an important role in cosmology, not only because
its interactions are Planck-suppressed and therefore long-lived, but also
because it is copiously produced via various processes such as particle
scatterings in thermal plasma, and (pseudo) modulus and inflaton decays. We
study a possibility that the early Universe was gravitino-rich from various
aspects. In particular, a viable cosmology is possible, if high-scale
supersymmetry is realized in nature as suggested by the recent discovery of the
standard-model like Higgs boson of mass about 125-126 GeV. We find that the
Universe can be even gravitino-dominated, in which case there will be an
entropy dilution by the gravitino decay. If the gravitino abundance is
proportional to the reheating temperature, both the maximal baryon asymmetry in
leptogenesis and the dark matter from the gravitino decay become independent of
the reheating temperature. The dark matter candidate is the Wino-like
neutralino, whose mass is suppressed compared to the anomaly-mediation
relation.Comment: 29 pages, 4 figure
Comments on Critical Electric and Magnetic Fields from Holography

We discuss some aspects of critical electric and magnetic fields in a field
theory with holographic dual description. We extend the analysis of
arxiv:1109.2920, which finds a critical electric field at which the Schwinger
pair production barrier drops to zero, to the case of magnetic fields. We first
find that, unlike ordinary weakly coupled theories, the magnetic field is not
subject to any perturbative instability originating from the presence of a
tachyonic ground state in the W-boson spectrum. This follows from the large
value of the 't Hooft coupling \lambda, which prevents the Zeeman interaction
term to overcome the particle mass at high B. Consequently, we study the next
possible B-field instability, i.e. monopole pair production, which is the
S-dual version of the Schwinger effect. Also in this case a critical magnetic
field is expected when the tunneling barrier drops to zero. These
Schwinger-type criticalities are the holographic duals, in the bulk, to the
fields E or B reaching the tension of F1 or D1 strings respectively. We then
discuss how this effect is modified when electric and magnetic fields are
present simultaneously and dyonic states in the spectrum can be pair produced
by a generic E - B background. Finally, we analyze finite temperature effects
on Schwinger criticalities, i.e. in the AdS-Schwarzshild black hole background.Comment: 33 pages, 4 figures; v2: refs added; v3: typos corrected, to appear
  on JHE
3d analogs of Argyres-Douglas theories and knot homologies

We study singularities of algebraic curves associated with 3d N=2 theories
that have at least one global flavor symmetry. Of particular interest is a
class of theories T_K labeled by knots, whose partition functions package
Poincare polynomials of the S^r-colored HOMFLY homologies. We derive the
defining equation, called the super-A-polynomial, for algebraic curves
associated with many new examples of 3d N=2 theories T_K and study its
singularity structure. In particular, we catalog general types of singularities
that presumably exist for all knots and propose their physical interpretation.
A computation of super-A-polynomials is based on a derivation of corresponding
superpolynomials, which is interesting in its own right and relies solely on a
structure of differentials in S^r-colored HOMFLY homologies.Comment: 40 pages, 14 figure
Improving the hadron physics of non-Standard-Model decays: example bounds on R-parity violation

Using the example of selected decays driven by R-parity-violating supersymmetric operators, we demonstrate how strong final-state interactions can be controlled quantitatively with high precision, thus allowing for a more accurate extraction of effective parameters from data. In our examples we focus on the lepton-flavor-violating decays tau --> mu pi+ pi-. In R-parity violation these can arise due to the product of two couplings. We find bounds that are an order of magnitude stronger than previous ones
SO(9) supergravity in two dimensions

We present maximal supergravity in two dimensions with gauge group SO(9). The
construction is based on selecting the proper embedding of the gauge group into
the infinite-dimensional symmetry group of the ungauged theory. The bosonic
part of the Lagrangian is given by a (dilaton-)gravity coupled non-linear
gauged sigma-model with Wess-Zumino term. We give explicit expressions for the
fermionic sector, the Yukawa couplings and the scalar potential which supports
a half-supersymmetric domain wall solution. The theory is expected to describe
the low-energy effective action upon reduction on the D0-brane near-horizon
warped AdS_2 x S^8 geometry, dual to the supersymmetric (BFSS) matrix quantum
mechanics.Comment: 35 pages, 1 figur
Limit Cycles and Conformal Invariance

There is a widely held belief that conformal field theories (CFTs) require
zero beta functions. Nevertheless, the work of Jack and Osborn implies that the
beta functions are not actually the quantites that decide conformality, but
until recently no such behavior had been exhibited. Our recent work has led to
the discovery of CFTs with nonzero beta functions, more precisely CFTs that
live on recurrent trajectories, e.g., limit cycles, of the beta-function vector
field. To demonstrate this we study the S function of Jack and Osborn. We use
Weyl consistency conditions to show that it vanishes at fixed points and agrees
with the generator Q of limit cycles on them. Moreover, we compute S to third
order in perturbation theory, and explicitly verify that it agrees with our
previous determinations of Q. A byproduct of our analysis is that, in
perturbation theory, unitarity and scale invariance imply conformal invariance
in four-dimensional quantum field theories. Finally, we study some properties
of these new, "cyclic" CFTs, and point out that the a-theorem still governs the
asymptotic behavior of renormalization-group flows.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figures. Expanded introduction to make clear that cycles
  discussed in this work are not associated with unitary theories that are
  scale but not conformally invarian
Top and Bottom Seesaw from Supersymmetric Strong Dynamics

We propose a top and bottom seesaw model with partial composite top and
bottom quarks. Such composite quarks and topcolor gauge bosons are bound states
from supersymmetric strong dynamics by Seiberg duality. Supersymmetry breaking
also induces the breaking of topcolor into the QCD gauge coupling. The low
energy description of our model reduces to a complete non-minimal extension of
the top seesaw model with bottom seesaw. The non-minimal nature is crucial for
Higgs mixings and the appearance of light Higgs fields. The Higgs fields are
bound states of partial composite particles with the lightest one compatible
with a 125 GeV Higgs field which was discovered at the LHC.Comment: Minor changes, Published Versio