pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-section in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV using 4.5 fb(-1) of data with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive jet cross-section is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb⁻¹ collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. Jets are identified using the anti-kt algorithm with radius parameter values of 0.4 and 0.6. The double-differential cross-sections are presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum and the jet rapidity, covering jet transverse momenta from 100 GeV to 2TeV. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations corrected for non-perturbative effects and electroweak effects, as well as Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order matrix elements interfaced to parton showering, are compared to the measured cross-sections. A quantitative comparison of the measured cross-sections to the QCD calculations using several sets of parton distribution functions is performed.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (The ATLAS Collaboration
Measurement of colour flow with the jet pull angle in tt(-) events using the ATLAS detector at root s = 8 TeV

The distribution and orientation of energy inside jets is predicted to be an experimental handle on colour connections between the hard-scatter quarks and gluons initiating the jets. This Letter presents a measurement of the distribution of one such variable, the jet pull angle. The pull angle is measured for jets produced in t¯tevents with one Wboson decaying leptonically and the other decaying to jets using 20.3fb⁻¹ of data recorded with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 8TeVat the LHC. The jet pull angle distribution is corrected for detector resolution and acceptance effects and is compared to various models.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (ATLAS Collaboration
Analysis of events with b-jets and a pair of leptons of the same charge in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

An analysis is presented of events containing jets including at least one b- tagged jet, sizeable missing transverse momentum, and at least two leptons including a pair of the same electric charge, with the scalar sum of the jet and lepton transverse momenta being large. A data sample with an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb⁻¹ of pp collisions at √s = 8TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is used. Standard Model processes rarely produce these final states, but there are several models of physics beyond the Standard Model that predict an enhanced rate of production of such events; the ones considered here are production of vector-like quarks, enhanced fourtop- quark production, pair production of chiral b’-quarks, and production of two positively charged top quarks. Eleven signal regions are defined; subsets of these regions are combined when searching for each class of models. In the three signal regions primarily sensitive to positively charged top quark pair production, the data yield is consistent with the background expectation. There are more data events than expected from background in the set of eight signal regions defined for searching for vector-like quarks and chiral b0-quarks, but the significance of the discrepancy is less than two standard deviations. The discrepancy reaches 2.5 standard deviations in the set of five signal regions defined for searching for four-top-quark production. The results are used to set 95% CL limits on various models.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (ATLAS Collaboration
Search for W' → tb in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

Journal of High Energy Physics 2016.2 (2016): 122 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, sólo se referencian el nombre del que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere y los autores que firman como pertenecientes a la UAMA search is performed for the production of a massive W0 boson decaying to a top and a bottom quark. The data analysed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at √ s = 8 TeV. The hadronic decay products of the top quark with high Lorentz boost from the W0 boson decay are detected as a single top flavoured jet. The use of jet substructure algorithms allows the top quark jet to be distinguished from standard model QCD background.  Limits on the production cross section of a right-handed W0 boson are obtained, together with constraints on the left-handed and right-handed couplings of the W0 boson to quarks. The production of a right-handed W0 boson with a mass below 2.02 TeV decaying to a hadronic final state is excluded at 95% confidence level. This mass limit increases to 2.15 TeV when both hadronic and leptonic decays are considered, and is the most stringent lower mass limit to date in the tb decay mod
Search for new physics via single-top production at the LHC

AbstractWe consider single-top production as a probe for new physics effects at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We argue that for natural theories a small deviation from the Standard Model tree-level couplings in this reaction can be parameterized by 3 higher dimension operators. Precision measurement of these effective couplings in the single-top events, via studying their interference effects with the SM contributions, can discriminate several new physics models. In particular, combining the production rate of three single-top production modes will provide a severe test of the Little Higgs model with T-parity. We find that at the LHC, a 5% accuracy in the measurement of the single-top cross sections would probe the new physics scale up to about 3 TeV
Poisson cluster measures: Quasi-invariance, integration by parts and equilibrium stochastic dynamics

AbstractThe distribution μcl of a Poisson cluster process in X=Rd (with i.i.d. clusters) is studied via an auxiliary Poisson measure on the space of configurations in X=⊔nXn, with intensity measure defined as a convolution of the background intensity of cluster centres and the probability distribution of a generic cluster. We show that the measure μcl is quasi-invariant with respect to the group of compactly supported diffeomorphisms of X and prove an integration-by-parts formula for μcl. The corresponding equilibrium stochastic dynamics is then constructed using the method of Dirichlet forms
Final results of the searches for neutral Higgs bosons in e+e− collisions at s up to 209 GeV

AbstractThe final results of the ALEPH search for the Standart Model Higgs boson at LEP, with data collected in the year 2000 at center-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV, are presented. The changes with respect to the preceding publication are described and a complete study of systematic effects is reported. The findings of this final analysis confirm the preliminary results published in November 2000 shortly after the closing down of the LEP collider: a significant excess of events is observed, consistent with the production of a 115 GeV/c2 Standard Model Higgs boson.The final results of the searches for the neutral Higgs bosons od the MSSM are also reported, in terms of limits on mh, mA and tanβ.Limits are also set on mh in the case of invisible decays
E-theory for C⁎-algebras over topological spaces

AbstractWe define E-theory for separable C⁎-algebras over second countable topological spaces and establish its basic properties. This includes an approximation theorem that relates the E-theory over a general space to the E-theories over finite approximations to this space. We obtain effective criteria for determining the invertibility of E-theory elements over possibly infinite-dimensional spaces. Furthermore, we prove a Universal Multicoefficient Theorem for C⁎-algebras over totally disconnected metrisable compact spaces
On the wave length of smooth periodic traveling waves of the Camassa–Holm equation

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the wave length λ of smooth periodic traveling wave solutions of the Camassa–Holm equation. The set of these solutions can be parametrized using the wave height a (or “peak-to-peak amplitude”). Our main result establishes monotonicity properties of the map a⟼λ(a), i.e., the wave length as a function of the wave height. We obtain the explicit bifurcation values, in terms of the parameters associated with the equation, which distinguish between the two possible qualitative behaviors of λ(a), namely monotonicity and unimodality. The key point is to relate λ(a) to the period function of a planar differential system with a quadratic-like first integral, and to apply a criterion which bounds the number of critical periods for this type of systems
Matrices, moments, and rational quadrature

AbstractMany problems in science and engineering require the evaluation of functionals of the form Fu(A)=uTf(A)u, where A is a large symmetric matrix, u a vector, and f a nonlinear function. A popular and fairly inexpensive approach to determining upper and lower bounds for such functionals is based on first carrying out a few steps of the Lanczos procedure applied to A with initial vector u, and then evaluating pairs of Gauss and Gauss–Radau quadrature rules associated with the tridiagonal matrix determined by the Lanczos procedure. The present paper extends this approach to allow the use of rational Gauss quadrature rules
“Sorry I forgot your birthday!”: Adjusting apparent school participation for survey timing when age is measured in whole years

AbstractWhen only whole years of age are recorded in survey data, children who experienced a birthday since the beginning of the school year may appear to be of school-age when they are not, or vice-versa. This creates an error in estimates of school participation indicators based on such data. This issue is well-known in education statistics, and several procedures attempting to correct for this error have been proposed. The present study critiques current practice and demonstrates that its limitations continue to confound educational research and high-stakes policy conclusions: speculative explanations have been proposed for what is actually a measurement artefact. An alternative adjustment strategy is proposed that coherently exploits all available information and explicitly indicates the remaining uncertainty. The application of the method is illustrated by a number of empirical case studies using recent household survey data. These examples demonstrate that the method is feasible, accurate, and that taking survey timing into account can significantly alter how these data are interpreted
Impairing retinoic acid signalling in the neural crest cells is sufficient to alter entire eye morphogenesis

AbstractRetinoic acid (RA) is known to be required at various levels of eye patterning via Retinoic Acid Receptors (RAR); however the molecular and cellular mechanisms triggered by these nuclear receptors are still obscure. The genetic studies performed here enable us to present a new model to study RA action during eye development. By inactivating the three RARs, specifically in the periocular mesenchyme, we discriminate the individual contribution of each RAR during eye development and describe a new function for RARs during the formation of the optic nerve. We demonstrate that RARα is the only receptor that mediates RA signalling in the neurectoderm during ocular development. Surprisingly, and despite a sophisticated pattern of RA-activity in the developing retina, we observed that RA signalling is not autonomously required in this tissue for eye formation. We show that the action of RA during eye morphogenesis is occurring specifically in neural crest-derived periocular mesenchyme and is mediated by all three RARs. Furthermore, we point out that Pitx2, which encodes a homeodomain transcription factor, is a key RA-responsive gene in neural crest cells during eye development. Interestingly, we observed that RA is required in the neural crest cells for normal position of the extraocular muscle
Approximate degeneracy of heavy-light mesons with the same L

AbstractCareful observation of the experimental spectra of heavy-light mesons tells us that heavy-light mesons with the same angular momentum L are almost degenerate. The estimate is given how much this degeneracy is broken in our relativistic potential model, and it is analytically shown that expectation values of a commutator between the lowest order Hamiltonian and L→2 are of the order of 1/mQ with a heavy quark mass mQ. It turns out that nonrelativistic approximation of heavy quark system has a rotational symmetry and hence degeneracy among states with the same L. This feature can be tested by measuring higher orbitally and radially excited heavy-light meson spectra for D/Ds/B/Bs in LHCb and forthcoming BelleII
Hyperconvexity and tight-span theory for diversities

AbstractThe tight span, or injective envelope, is an elegant and useful construction that takes a metric space and returns the smallest hyperconvex space into which it can be embedded. The concept has stimulated a large body of theory and has applications to metric classification and data visualisation. Here we introduce a generalisation of metrics, called diversities, and demonstrate that the rich theory associated to metric tight spans and hyperconvexity extends to a seemingly richer theory of diversity tight spans and hyperconvexity
Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomials, tight quotients and Dyck superpartitions

AbstractWe give an explicit combinatorial product formula for the parabolic Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomials of the tight quotients of the symmetric group. This formula shows that these polynomials are always either zero or a monic power of q and implies the main result in [F. Brenti, Kazhdan–Lusztig and R-polynomials, Youngʼs lattice, and Dyck partitions, Pacific J. Math. 207 (2002) 257–286] on the parabolic Kazhdan–Lusztig polynomials of the maximal quotients. The formula depends on a new class of superpartitions
Gauging by Stückelberg field-shifting symmetry

AbstractWe embed second class constrained systems by a formalism that combines concepts of the BFFT method and the unfixing gauge formalism. As a result, we obtain a gauge-invariant system where the introduction of the Wess–Zumino (WZ) field is essential. The initial phase-space variables are gauging with the introduction of the WZ field, a procedure that resembles the Stückelberg field-shifting formalism. In some cases, it is possible to eliminate the WZ field and, therefore, obtain an invariant system written only as a function of the original phase-space variables. We apply this formalism to important physical models: the reduced-SU(2) Skyrme model and the two-dimensional chiral bosons field theory. In these systems, the gauge-invariant Hamiltonians are derived in a very simple way when compared with other usual formalisms
Formation spectra of charmed meson–nucleus systems using an antiproton beam

AbstractWe investigate the structure and formation of charmed meson–nucleus systems, with the aim of understanding the charmed meson–nucleon interactions and the properties of the charmed mesons in the nuclear medium. The D¯ mesic nuclei are of special interest, since they have tiny decay widths due to the absence of strong decays for the D¯N pair. Employing an effective model for the D¯N and DN interactions and solving the Klein–Gordon equation for D¯ and D in finite nuclei, we find that the D−–11B system has 1s and 2p mesic nuclear states and that the D0–11B system binds in a 1s state. In view of the forthcoming experiments by the PANDA and CBM Collaborations at the future FAIR facility and the J-PARC upgrade, we calculate the formation spectra of the [D−–11B] and [D0–11B] mesic nuclei for an antiproton beam on a 12C target. Our results suggest that it is possible to observe the 2p D− mesic nuclear state with an appropriate experimental setup
An Integrated Method to Support PSS Designwithin the Virtual Enterprise

AbstractNowadays Product-Service System (PSS) is a widespread trend consisting of adding services to the physical product in order to increase their market share, add value to their products, and create a new value proposition. Anyway, its application is still far from real industrial scenarios mainly due to difficulties in choosing the right partners, lack of collaboration among the partners, poor integration among the companies’ system platforms, and lack of knowledge about the available technologies. In such context, this paper presents an integrated methodology to support the PSS design process into a Virtual Enterprise (VE). It involves different stages, from idea management to global network definition. Furthermore, the business model items can be defined in parallel along the design process and benefit the design itself by supporting decision-making, according to a concurrent engineering approach.In order to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach, it has been applied to a real industrial use case represented by a Virtual Enterprise working in the field of household appliances. In particular, the method supported the PSS design by the definition of the PSS requirements and functions, as well as the selection of the global network partners. The as-is and to-be processes are described and compared. The use case represents a valid example of how a product-oriented manufacturing company can open its strategic vision creating a PSS Virtual Enterprise in a structured way
The British public’s perception of the UK smart metering initiative: Threats and opportunities

AbstractConsumer acceptance of smart meters remains crucial in achieving the potential carbon emission reductions offered by advanced metering infrastructures. Given this, the present research used deliberative focus groups to examine what is needed to secure acceptance and engagement from domestic consumers with services, products and ‘offers’ in smarter power systems. Our findings suggest that consumers are able to identify not just threats relating to smart metering initiatives but opportunities as well. In particular, our focus group participants responded positively to the idea of an automated system that could be used to achieve energy savings in combination with time-of-use tariffs. We conclude by outlining suggestions for policy recommendations that may help consumer acceptance of smart meter enabled services be more readily achieved
Isospin violating effects in e+e− vs. τ measurements of the pion form factor |Fπ|2(s)

AbstractWe study possible so far unaccounted isospin breaking effects in the relation between the pion form factor as determined in e+e− experiments and the corresponding quantity obtained after accounting for known isospin breaking effects by an isospin rotation from the τ-decay spectra. In fact the observed 10% discrepancy in the respective pion form factors may be explained by the isospin breaking which is due to the difference between masses and widths of the charged and neutral ρ mesons. Since the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment can be calculated directly in terms of the e+e−-data the corresponding evaluation seems to be more reliable. Our estimate is aμhad(1)=(694.8±8.6)×10−10. The τ-data are useful at the presently aimed level of accuracy only after appropriate input from theory
First observation of the decay D0→K−π+μ+μ− in the ρ0–ω region of the dimuon mass spectrum

AbstractA study of the decay D0→K−π+μ+μ− is performed using data collected by the LHCb detector in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.0 fb−1. Decay candidates with muon pairs that have an invariant mass in the range 675–875 MeV/c2 are considered. This region is dominated by the ρ0 and ω resonances. The branching fraction in this range is measured to beB(D0→K−π+μ+μ−)=(4.17±0.12(stat)±0.40(syst))×10−6. This is the first observation of the decay D0→K−π+μ+μ−. Its branching fraction is consistent with the value expected in the Standard Model
A “general boundary” formulation for quantum mechanics and quantum gravity

AbstractI propose to formalize quantum theories as topological quantum field theories in a generalized sense, associating state spaces with boundaries of arbitrary (and possibly finite) regions of space–time. I further propose to obtain such “general boundary” quantum theories through a generalized path integral quantization. I show how both, non-relativistic quantum mechanics and quantum field theory can be given a “general boundary” formulation. Surprisingly, even in the non-relativistic case, features normally associated with quantum field theory emerge from consistency conditions. This includes states with arbitrary particle number and pair creation. I also note how three-dimensional quantum gravity is an example for a realization of both proposals and suggest to apply them to four-dimensional quantum gravity
Mechanisms of Myocardial Ischemia in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Insights From Wave Intensity Analysis and Magnetic Resonance

AbstractBackgroundAngina is common in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and is associated with abnormal myocardial perfusion. Wave intensity analysis improves the understanding of the mechanics of myocardial ischemia.ObjectivesWave intensity analysis was used to describe the mechanisms underlying perfusion abnormalities in patients with HCM.MethodsSimultaneous pressure and flow were measured in the proximal left anterior descending artery in 33 patients with HCM and 20 control patients at rest and during hyperemia, allowing calculation of wave intensity. Patients also underwent quantitative first-pass perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance to measure myocardial perfusion reserve.ResultsPatients with HCM had a lower coronary flow reserve than control subjects (1.9 ± 0.8 vs. 2.7 ± 0.9; p = 0.01). Coronary hemodynamics in HCM were characterized by a very large backward compression wave during systole (38 ± 11% vs. 21 ± 6%; p < 0.001) and a proportionately smaller backward expansion wave (27% ± 8% vs. 33 ± 6%; p = 0.006) compared with control subjects. Patients with severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction had a bisferiens pressure waveform resulting in an additional proximally originating deceleration wave during systole. The proportion of waves acting to accelerate coronary flow increased with hyperemia, and the magnitude of change was proportional to the myocardial perfusion reserve (rho = 0.53; p < 0.01).ConclusionsCoronary flow in patients with HCM is deranged. Distally, compressive deformation of intramyocardial blood vessels during systole results in an abnormally large backward compression wave, whereas proximally, severe left ventricular outflow tract obstruction is associated with an additional deceleration wave. Perfusion abnormalities in HCM are not simply a consequence of supply/demand mismatch or remodeling of the intramyocardial blood vessels; they represent a dynamic interaction with the mechanics of myocardial ischemia that may be amenable to treatment
Improving the measurement of the CKM phase ϕ2=α in B→ππ and B→ρρ decays

AbstractCP-violating asymmetries in B→ππ and B→ρρ decays can help specify the weak phase ϕ2=α of the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) matrix. We discuss the impact of improved measurements of these processes such as will be available in the near future, finding special value in better measurement of the time-dependent CP violation parameter S00 in B0→π0π0 and B0→ρ0ρ0. Reducing the errors on B→ρρ measurements by a factor of two can potentially lead to an error in ϕ2=α just above 2°, at which level the ρ width and isospin-breaking corrections must be considered