pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Dark Matter and Dark Force in the Type-I Inert 2HDM with Local U(1)_H
  Gauge Symmetry

We discuss dark matter (DM) physics in the Type-I inert two-Higgs-doublet
model (2HDM) with local U(1)_H Higgs gauge symmetry. The local U(1)_H gauge
symmetry is assigned to the extra Higgs doublet in order to avoid the
Higgs-mediated flavor problems, and it spontaneously breaks down to its
discrete subgroup. The lightest neutral scalar component H of the
U(1)_H-charged Higgs doublet, which does not have Yukawa couplings with the
Standard-Model (SM) fermions, is stable because of the remnant discrete
symmetry, and it interacts with the SM particles through the U(1)_H gauge boson
(Z_H) exchange as well as the SM boson exchange. We first investigate the
constraint on the U(1)_H gauge interaction, especially through the kinetic and
mass mixing between the SM gauge bosons and the extra gauge boson. Then we
discuss dark matter physics in our 2HDM: thermal relic density, and
direct/indirect detections of dark matter. The additional U(1)_H gauge
interaction plays a crucial role in reducing the DM thermal relic density. The
most important result within the inert DM model with local U(1)_H symmetry is
that ~ O(10) GeV dark matter scenario, which is strongly disfavored in the
usual Inert Doublet Model (IDM) with Z_2 symmetry, is revived in our model
because of newly open channels, H H -> Z_H Z_H , Z_H Z. Exotic Higgs decays, h
-> Z_H Z_H, Z Z_H, would be distinctive signatures of the inert 2HDM with local
U(1)_H symmetry.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures, version published in JHE
Moduli Stabilization for Intersecting Brane Worlds in Type 0' String
  Theory

Starting from the non-supersymmetric, tachyon-free orientifold of type 0
string theory, we construct four-dimensional brane world models with D6-branes
intersecting at angles on internal tori. They support phenomenologically
interesting gauge theories with chiral fermions. Despite the theory being
non-supersymmetric the perturbative scalar potential induced at leading order
is shown to stabilize geometric moduli, leaving only the dilaton tadpole
uncanceled. As an example we present a three generation model with gauge group
and fermion spectrum close to a left-right symmetric extension of the Standard
Model.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, LaTe
Geometric Construction of N=2 Gauge Theories

In this lecture we give an elementary introduction to the natural realization of non-perturbative N=2 quantum field theories as a low energy limit of classical string theory. We review a systematic construction of six, five, and four dimensional gauge theories using geometrical data, which provides the exact, non-perturbative solution via mirror symmetry. This construction has lead to the exact solution of a large class of gravity free gauge theories, including Super Yang Mills (SYM) theories as well as non-conventional quantum field theories without a known Lagrangian description
Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity by approximation

The Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a module gives a rough measure of its
complexity. We bound the regularity of a module given a system of approximating
modules whose regularities are known. Such approximations can arise naturally
for modules constructed by inductive combinatorial means. We apply these
methods to bound the regularity of ideals constructed as combinations of linear
ideals and the module of derivations of a hyperplane arrangement as well as to
give degree bounds for invariants of finite groups.Comment: Sections 2 and 3 revised to incorporate changes in definitions and
  terminology.Typos corrected and references updated. 20 pages, AMS LaTe
A note on tensor categories of Lie type $E_9$

We consider the problem of decomposing tensor powers of the fundamental level
1 highest weight representation $V$ of the affine Kac-Moody algebra $\g(E_9)$.
We describe an elementary algorithm for determining the decomposition of the
submodule of $\Vn$ whose irreducible direct summands have highest weights which
are maximal with respect to the null-root. This decomposition is based on
Littelmann's path algorithm and conforms with the uniform combinatorial
behavior recently discovered by H. Wenzl for the series $E_N$, $N\not=9$.Comment: Final published versio
System modeling and device development for passive acoustic monitoring of a particulate-liquid process

This paper presents the development of a passive ultrasonic monitoring system for the detection of acoustic emission (AE) created by chemical particles striking the inner wall of a reactor vessel. The finite element (FE) code PZFlex was used to analyze the complex interactions between chemical particles and the vessel wall. A 4-layer 2D model was developed comprising a liquid load medium and a glass-oil-glass combination corresponding to the jacketed vessel reactor. The model has been experimentally validated with excellent correlation achieved. The excitation function was derived from Hertz’s theory and used as the model stimulus corresponding to particles striking the inner glass wall. Analysis of the FE simulations provided the transducer specifications for a passive ultrasonic monitoring system. The system comprises two transducers with complementary characteristics: narrow bandwidth/high sensitivity; wideband/low sensitivity. Importantly, the sensitivity of the resonant transducer provides discrimination of particle concentration. Moreover, the broader bandwidth of the off-resonant device demonstrates potential for in-situ estimation of particle size. The performance afforded by this approach has considerable potential for real-time process monitoring in the chemicals and pharmaceutical industries
Forward-backward multiplicity correlations in pp collisions at
  $\sqrt{s}$=0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV

The strength of forward-backward (FB) multiplicity correlations is measured
by the ALICE detector in proton-proton (pp) collisions at $\sqrt{s}=0.9$, 2.76
and 7 TeV. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region
($|\eta| < 0.8$) for the transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}>0.3$ GeV/$c$. Two
separate pseudorapidity windows of width ($\delta \eta$) ranging from 0.2 to
0.8 are chosen symmetrically around $\eta=0$. The multiplicity correlation
strength ($b_{\rm cor}$) is studied as a function of the pseudorapidity gap
($\eta_{\rm gap}$) between the two windows as well as the width of these
windows. The correlation strength is found to decrease with increasing
$\eta_{\rm gap}$ and shows a non-linear increase with $\delta\eta$. A sizable
increase of the correlation strength with the collision energy, which cannot be
explained exclusively by the increase of the mean multiplicity inside the
windows, is observed. The correlation coefficient is also measured for
multiplicities in different configurations of two azimuthal sectors selected
within the symmetric FB $\eta$-windows. Two different contributions, the
short-range (SR) and the long-range (LR), are observed. The energy dependence
of $b_{\rm cor}$ is found to be weak for the SR component while it is strong
for the LR component. Moreover, the correlation coefficient is studied for
particles belonging to various transverse momentum intervals chosen to have the
same mean multiplicity. Both SR and LR contributions to $b_{\rm cor}$ are found
to increase with $p_{\rm T}$ in this case. Results are compared to PYTHIA and
PHOJET event generators and to a string-based phenomenological model. The
observed dependencies of $b_{\rm cor}$ add new constraints on phenomenological
models.Comment: 25 pages, 14 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 20,
  published version, figures at
  http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/118
H$\alpha$ and EUV observations of a partial CME

We have obtained H$\alpha$ high spatial and time resolution observations of
the upper solar chromosphere and supplemented these with multi-wavelength
observations from the Solar Dynamic Observatory (SDO) and the {\it Hinode}
ExtremeUltraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS). The H$\alpha$ observations were
conducted on 11 February 2012 with the Hydrogen-Alpha Rapid Dynamics Camera
(HARDcam) instrument at the National Solar Observatory's Dunn Solar Telescope.
Our H$\alpha$ observations found large downflows of chromospheric material
returning from coronal heights following a failed prominence eruption. We have
detected several large condensations ("blobs") returning to the solar surface
at velocities of $\approx$200 km s$^{-1}$ in both H$\alpha$ and several SDO AIA
band passes. The average derived size of these "blobs" in H$\alpha$ is 500 by
3000 km$^2$ in the directions perpendicular and parallel to the direction of
travel, respectively. A comparison of our "blob" widths to those found from
coronal rain, indicate there are additional smaller, unresolved "blobs" in
agreement with previous studies and recent numerical simulations. Our observed
velocities and decelerations of the "blobs" in both H$\alpha$ and SDO bands are
less than those expected for gravitational free-fall and imply additional
magnetic or gas pressure impeding the flow. We derived a kinetic energy
$\approx$2 orders of magnitude lower for the main eruption than a typical CME,
which may explain its partial nature.Comment: 31 pages, 8 Figures, 1 Table and 1 Video (linked to Figure 2).
  Accepted in Ap
Which Fundamental Constants for CMB and BAO?

We use the three-scale framework of Hu et al. to show how the Cosmic
Microwave Background anisotropy spectrum depends on the fundamental constants.
As expected, the spectrum depends only on \emph{dimensionless} combinations of
the constants, and we emphasize the points that make this generally true for
cosmological observables. Our analysis suggests that the CMB spectrum shape is
mostly determined by $\alpha^2m_e/m_p$ and the proton-CDM-particle mass ratio,
$m_p/\mchi$. The distance to the last-scattering surface depends on
$Gm_p\mchi/\hbar c$, so published CMB observational limits on time variations
of the constants implicitly assume the time-independence of this quantity, as
well as assuming a flat-\lcdm~cosmological model. On the other hand,
low-redshift BAO, $H_0$ and baryon-mass-fraction measurements can be combined
with the \emph{shape} of the CMB spectrum to give information that is largely
independent of these assumptions. In particular we show that the
pre-recombination values of $G\mchi^2/\hbar c$, $m_p/\mchi$ and
$\alpha^2m_e/m_p$ are equal to their present values at a precision of
$\sim15\%$
Rate and equilibrium constants for the addition of N-Heterocyclic Carbenes into benzaldehydes : a remarkable 2-substituent effect

We thank the Royal Society for a University Research Fellowship (ADS), the EPSRC (CJC and RM) grant number EP/G013268/1 and the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) ERC grant agreement no 279850 (JET). We also thank the EPSRC UK National Mass Spectrometry Facility at Swansea University.Rate and equilibrium constants for the reaction between N-aryl triazolium NHC precatalysts and substituted benzaldehyde derivatives to form 3-(hydroxybenzyl)azolium adducts under both catalytic and stoichiometric conditions have been measured. Kinetic analysis and reaction profile fitting of both the forward and reverse reactions, plus onwards reaction to the Breslow intermediate, demonstrate the remarkable effect of the benzaldehyde 2-substituent in these reactions and provide insight into the chemoselectivity of cross-benzoin reactions.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Vernacular rights cultures and the ‘Right to Have Rights’

We use a case study of the Landless Workers Movement (MST) in Brazil and the Via Campesina network of which they are part to develop the concept of ‘vernacular rights cultures’. Vernacular rights cultures calls attention to the way in which demands for the right to have rights call on particular cultures, histories and political contexts in a manner that can transform the rights inscribed in constitutions and political imaginaries. What Ranciere (1999) and Balibar (2002) call the democratization of democracy, we therefore argue, does not just involve a logic of equality and inclusion through which dispossessed groups demand already existing rights. Rather, it also occurs as mobilisations alter the means through which rights are delivered and transform the content and meaning of the rights demanded
The minor role of gas-rich major mergers in the rise of intermediate-mass early types at z ≤ 1

We study the evolution of galaxy structure since z ~ 1 to the present. From a Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey South (GOODS-S) multi-band catalog, we define (blue) luminosity- and mass-weighted samples, limited by MB ≤ –20 and M  sstarf ≥ 1010 M ☉, comprising 1122 and 987 galaxies, respectively. We extract early-type (ET; E/S0/Sa) and late-type (LT; Sb-Irr) subsamples by their position in the concentration-asymmetry plane, in which galaxies exhibit a clear bimodality. We find that the ET fraction, f ET, rises with cosmic time, with a corresponding decrease in the LT fraction, f LT, in both luminosity- and mass-selected samples. However, the evolution of the comoving number density is very different: the decrease in the total number density of MB ≤ –20 galaxies since z = 1 is due to the decrease in the LT population, which accounts for ~75% of the total star formation rate in the range under study, while the increase in the total number density of M  sstarf ≥ 1010 M ☉ galaxies in the same redshift range is due to the evolution of ETs. This suggests that we need a structural transformation between LT galaxies that form stars actively and ET galaxies in which the stellar mass is located. Comparing the observed evolution with the gas-rich major merger rate in GOODS-S, we infer that only ~20% of the new ET galaxies with M  sstarf ≥ 1010 M ☉ appeared since z ~ 1 can be explained by this kind of mergers, suggesting that minor mergers and secular processes may be the driving mechanisms of the structural evolution of intermediate-mass (M  sstarf ~ 4 × 1010 M ☉) galaxies since z ~ 1
$ZZ$ production at the LHC: Fiducial cross sections and distributions in NNLO QCD

We consider QCD radiative corrections to the production of four charged leptons in the ZZ signal region at the LHC. We report on the complete calculation of the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) corrections to this process in QCD perturbation theory. Numerical results are presented for $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV, using typical selection cuts applied by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations. The NNLO corrections increase the NLO fiducial cross section by about $15\%$, and they have a relatively small impact on the shape of the considered kinematical distributions. In the case of the $\Delta\Phi$ distribution of the two Z candidates, the NNLO corrections improve the agreement of the theoretical prediction with the CMS data
Measurement of the triple-differential cross section for photon + jets production in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A measurement of the triple-differential cross section, $ {{{{{\mathrm{d}}^3}\sigma }} \left/ {{\left( {\mathrm{d}\mathrm{p}_T^{\gamma}\mathrm{d}{\eta^{\gamma }}\mathrm{d}{\eta^{\mathrm{jet}}}} \right)}} \right.} $ , in photon + jets final states using a data sample from proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s} $ = 7 TeV is presented. This sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.14 fb$^{−1}$ collected by the CMS detector at the LHC. Photons and jets are reconstructed within a pseudorapidity range of |η| < 2.5, and are required to have transverse momenta in the range 40 < $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{jet}} $ < 300 GeV and $ p_{\mathrm{T}}^{\mathrm{jet}} $ > 30 GeV, respectively. The measurements are compared to theoretical predictions from the sherpa leading-order QCD Monte Carlo event generator and the next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculation from jetphox. The predictions are found to be consistent with the data over most of the examined kinematic region
On the boundaries of quantum integrability for the spin-1/2 Richardson–Gaudin system

We discuss a generalised version of Sklyanin's Boundary Quantum Inverse Scattering Method applied to the spin-1/2, trigonometric sl(2) case, for which both the twisted-periodic and boundary constructions are obtained as limiting cases. We then investigate the quasi-classical limit of this approach leading to a set of mutually commuting conserved operators which we refer to as the trigonometric, spin-1/2 Richardson–Gaudin system. We prove that the rational limit of the set of conserved operators for the trigonometric system is equivalent, through a change of variables, rescaling, and a basis transformation, to the original set of trigonometric conserved operators. Moreover, we prove that the twisted-periodic and boundary constructions are equivalent in the trigonometric case, but not in the rational limit
Hilbert series and moduli spaces of k U( N ) vortices

We study the moduli spaces of k U( N ) vortices which are realized by the Higgs branch of a U( k ) supersymmetric gauge theory. The theory has 4 supercharges and lives on k D1-branes in a N D3- and NS5-brane background. We realize the vortex moduli space as a ℂ * $$ {\mathbb{C}}^{*} $$ projection of the vortex master space. The Hilbert series is calculated in order to characterize the algebraic structure of the vortex master space and to identify the precise ℂ * $$ {\mathbb{C}}^{*} $$ projection. As a result, we are able to fully classify the moduli spaces up to 3 vortices
Recovering epipolar direction from two affine views of a planar object

The mainstream approach to estimate epipolar geometry from two views requires matching the projections of at least 4 non-coplanar points in the scene, assuming a full projective camera model. Our work deviates from this in three respects: affine camera, planar scene and active contour tracking instead of point matching. Using results in Projective Geometry, we prove that the affine epipolar direction can be recovered provided camera motion is free of cyclorotation. A setup consisting of a Staubli robot holding a planar object in front of a camera is used to obtain calibrated image streams, which are used as ground truth to evaluate the performance of the method, and to test its limiting conditions in practice. The fact that our method (applicable to planar, poorly textured scenes) and the Gold Standard algorithm (applicable to highly textured scenes with significant relief) produce comparable results shows the potential of our proposal.This work was supported by projects: 'Perception, action & cognition through learning of object-action complexes.' (4915), 'CONSOLIDER-INGENIO 2010 Multimodal interaction in pattern recognition and computer vision' (V-00069), 'Grup de recerca consolidat - ROBÒTICA' (8007).Peer Reviewe
Enzyme activity as an indicator of soil quality changes indegraded cultivated acrisols as the mexican trans-volcanic belt.

9 P.Soils located at the Mexican Trans-volcanic Belt (MTB) have a worrying degree of degradation due to inappropriate management practices.\ud
Early indicators of soil changes are very useful to alert about negative impacts of wrong managements on these volcanic soils. The aim of this\ud
work was to evaluate the short-term effects (4 years) of different agricultural practices on soil organic matter (SOM) quality and to validate the\ud
potential of the selected biochemical properties as optimal early indicators of soil quality in Mexican cultivated Acrisols. During 2002–2005\ud
four agronomic management systems: conventional (Tc); improved conventional (Ti); organic (To) and fallow (Tf) were assayed in plots\ud
located at the MTB. An uncultivated soil under grass cover (Sg) was used as reference. Soil samples were collected at 0–10 cm depth and were\ud
analysed chemically (soil organic C, total N, water-soluble C and humic C), and biochemically (total and extra-cellular enzyme activity).\ud
After 4 years, soil organic C, total N, water-soluble C and dehydrogenase activity had higher values in To, followed by Ti treatment. A similar\ud
response pattern was observed in the extra-cellular enzyme activity. The highest total enzyme activity was found in Sg, followed by Ti and To\ud
treatments, and the lowest values appeared in Tc and Tf. To and Ti increased SOM contents of the degraded Acrisols studied, while Tc and Tf\ud
managements decreased the quality of these soils. The results showed that the assayed soil enzymes can be used as indicators of quality\ud
changes of these Mexican volcanic soils.The authors thank the European Union for supporting the\ud
REVOLSO Project (INCO-DEV Program) and the Spanish\ud
Ministry of Education & Science. Thanks are also due to\ud
C. I. Hidalgo (Colegio de Postgraduados de Montecillo,\ud
Mexico) for the mineralogical identification of soil clays\ud
analysis and J. Padilla (Colegio de Postgraduados de Montecillo,\ud
Mexico), C. Macci, S. Doni and laboratory technicians\ud
from the Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi\ud
(CNR, Italy) for theirs lab assistance.Peer reviewe
Equivalence of polynomials under automorphisms of K [x, y]

Let K [x, y] be the algebra of polynomials in two variables over an arbitrary field K. We show that if the maximum of the x- and y-degrees of a given polynomial p (x, y) cannot be decreased by a single triangular or linear automorphism of K [x, y], then it cannot be decreased by any automorphism of K [x, y]. If K is an algebraically closed constructible field, this result yields an algorithm for deciding whether or not two polynomials p, q ∈ K [x, y] are equivalent under an automorphism of K [x, y]. We also show that if there is an automorphism of K [x, y] taking p to q, then it is "almost" unique. More precisely: if an automorphism α of K [x, y] is not conjugate to a triangular or linear automorphism, then any polynomial invariant (or even semiinvariant) under α is a constant. © 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.preprin
The Porretta thermal springs (Northern Apennines): seismogenic structures and long-term geochemical monitoring

The thermal springs of Porretta are located on a seismically active area of the Northern Apennines. In 19th Century
a chemist identified anomalous behaviour of the thermal waters in concomitance with local seismic events. Recent
studies assessed the geochemical features of the circulating fluids (e.g., waters carry a dissolved CH4-dominated gas
phase with a radiogenic signature of the helium isotopic ratio) and observed anomalous hydrologic and geochemical
signals possibly related to crustal strain phenomena due to local seismic events. Long-term geochemical monitoring
was carried out from 2001 to 2006 with the aim of detecting the behaviour of the circulating fluids possibly
coinciding with seismic activity. The collected data reveal a sensitivity of the thermal waters to the activity of the
main fault crossing the village of Porretta and identify a «seismogenic» structure crossing the village