pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Temporal and spatial structure of multi-millennial temperature changes at high latitudes during the Last Interglacial

The Last Interglacial (LIG, 129-116 thousand of years BP, ka) represents a test bed for climate model feedbacks in warmer-than-present high latitude regions. However, mainly because aligning different palaeoclimatic archives and from different parts of the world is not trivial, a spatio-temporal picture of LIG temperature changes is difficult to obtain. Here, we have selected 47 polar ice core and sub-polar marine sediment records and developed a strategy to align them onto the recent AICC2012 ice core chronology. We provide the first compilation of high-latitude temperature changes across the LIG associated with a coherent temporal framework built between ice core and marine sediment records. Our new data synthesis highlights non-synchronous maximum temperature changes between the two hemispheres with the Southern Ocean and Antarctica records showing an early warming compared to North Atlantic records. We also observe warmer than present-day conditions that occur for a longer time period in southern high latitudes than in northern high latitudes. Finally, the amplitude of temperature changes at high northern latitudes is larger compared to high southern latitude temperature changes recorded at the onset and the demise of the LIG. We have also compiled four data-based time slices with temperature anomalies (compared to present-day conditions) at 115Â ka, 120Â ka, 125Â ka and 130Â ka and quantitatively estimated temperature uncertainties that include relative dating errors. This provides an improved benchmark for performing more robust model-data comparison. The surface temperature simulated by two General Circulation Models (CCSM3 and HadCM3) for 130Â ka and 125Â ka is compared to the corresponding time slice data synthesis. This comparison shows that the models predict warmer than present conditions earlier than documented in the North Atlantic, while neither model is able to produce the reconstructed early Southern Ocean and Antarctic warming. Our results highlight the importance of producing a sequence of time slices rather than one single time slice averaging the LIG climate conditions
Assimilation of Perimeter Data and Coupling with Fuel Moisture in a
  Wildland Fire - Atmosphere DDDAS

We present a methodology to change the state of the Weather Research
Forecasting (WRF) model coupled with the fire spread code SFIRE, based on
Rothermel's formula and the level set method, and with a fuel moisture model.
The fire perimeter in the model changes in response to data while the model is
running. However, the atmosphere state takes time to develop in response to the
forcing by the heat flux from the fire. Therefore, an artificial fire history
is created from an earlier fire perimeter to the new perimeter, and replayed
with the proper heat fluxes to allow the atmosphere state to adjust. The method
is an extension of an earlier method to start the coupled fire model from a
developed fire perimeter rather than an ignition point. The level set method is
also used to identify parameters of the simulation, such as the spread rate and
the fuel moisture. The coupled model is available from openwfm.org, and it
extends the WRF-Fire code in WRF release.Comment: ICCS 2012, 10 pages; corrected some DOI typesetting in the reference
The spectral catalogue of INTEGRAL gamma-ray          bursts - Results of the joint IBIS/SPI spectral analysis

International audienceWe present the updated INTEGRAL catalogue of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed between          December 2002 and February 2012. The catalogue contains the spectral parameters for 59          GRBs localized by the INTEGRAL Burst Alert System (IBAS). We used the data from the two          main instruments on board the INTEGRAL satellite: the spectrometer SPI (SPectrometer on          INTEGRAL) nominally covering the energy range 20 keV−8 MeV, and the imager IBIS (the          Imager on Board the INTEGRAL Satellite) operating in the range from 15 keV to 10 MeV. For          the spectral analysis we applied a new data extraction technique, developed to explore the          energy regions of highest sensitivity for both instruments, SPI and IBIS. It allowed us to          analyse the GRB spectra over a broad energy range and to determine the bursts’ spectral          peak energies. The spectral analysis was performed on the whole sample of GRBs triggered          by IBAS, including all the events observed in the period December 2002 to February 2012.          The catalogue contains the trigger times, burst coordinates, positional errors, durations,          and peak fluxes for 28 unpublished GRBs observed between September 2008 and February 2012.          The light curves in the 20−200 keV energy band of these events were derived using IBIS          data. We compare the prompt emission properties of the INTEGRAL GRB sample with the BATSE          and Fermi samples
Critical dimensions of biperiodic gratings determined by spectral ellipsometry and Mueller matrix polarimetry

International audienceWe characterized two samples consisting of photoresist layers on silicon with square arrays of square holes by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and Mueller matrix polarimetry (MMP). Hole lateral dimensions and depths were determined by fitting either SE data taken in conventional planar geometry or MMP data in general conical diffraction configurations. A method for objective determination of the optimal measurement conditions based on sensitivity and parameter correlations is presented.When applied to MMP, this approach showed that for one of the samples the optimal incidence angle was 45◦, much below the widely used 70 degrees value. The robustness of the dimensional characterisation based on MMP is demonstrated by the high stability of the results provided by separated fits of the data taken at different azimuthal angles
Signatures of massive collisions in debris discs
 : 
A self-consistent numerical model

International audienceContext. Violent stochastic collisional events have been invoked as a possible explanation for some debris discs displaying pronounced azimuthal asymmetries or having a luminosity excess exceeding that expected for systems at collisional steady-state. So far, no thorough modelling of the consequences of such stochastic events has been carried out, mainly because of the extreme numerical challenge of coupling the dynamical and collisional evolution of the released dust.Aims. We perform the first fully self-consistent modelling of the aftermath of massive breakups in debris discs. We follow the collisional and dynamical evolution of dust released after the breakup of a Ceres-sized body at 6 AU from its central star. We investigate the duration, magnitude, and spatial structure of the signature left by such a violent event, as well as its observational detectability. Methods. We use the recently developed LIDT-DD code, which handles the coupled collisional and dynamical evolution of debris discs. The main focus is placed on the complex interplay between destructive collisions, Keplerian dynamics, and radiation pressure forces. We use the GRaTer package to estimate the system’s luminosity at different wavelengths.Results. The breakup of a Ceres-sized body at 6 AU creates an asymmetric dust disc that is homogenized by the coupled action of collisions and dynamics on a timescale of a few 105 years. After a transient period where it is very steep, the particle size distribution in the system relaxes to a collisional steady-state law after ~104 years. The luminosity excess in the breakup’s aftermath should be detectable by mid-IR photometry, from a 30 pc distance, over a period of ~106 years that exceeds the duration of the asymmetric phase of the disc (a few 105 years). As for the asymmetric structures, we derive synthetic images for the VLT/SPHERE and JWST/MIRI instruments, showing that they should be clearly visible and resolved from a 10 pc distance. Images at 1.6 μm (marginally), 11.4, and 15.5 μm show the inner disc structures, while 23 μm images display the outer disc asymmetries
The use of distributed hydrological models for the Gard 2002 Flash-Flood event: Analysis of associated hydrological processes

International audienceThis paper presents a detailed analysis of the September 8-9 2002 flash flood event in the Gard region (southern France) using two distributed hydrological models: CVN built within the LIQUID® hydrological platform and MARINE. The models differ in terms of spatial discretization, infiltration and water redistribution representation, and river flow transfer. MARINE can also account for sub-surface lateral flow. Both models are set up using the same available information, namely a DEM and a pedology map. They are forced with high resolution radar rainfall data over a set of 18 sub-catchments ranging from 2.5 to 99 km2 and are run without calibration. To begin with, models simulations are assessed against post field estimates of the time of peak and the maximum peak discharge showing a fair agreement for both models. The results are then discussed in terms of flow dynamics, runoff coefficients and soil saturation dynamics. The contribution of the sub-surface lateral flow is also quantified using the MARINE model. This analysis highlights that rainfall remains the first controlling factor of flash flood dynamics. High rainfall peak intensities are very influential of the maximum peak discharge for both models, but especially for the CVN model which has a simplified overland flow transfer. The river bed roughness also influences the peak intensity and time. Soil spatial representation is shown to have a significant role on runoff coefficients and on the spatial variability of saturation dynamics. Simulated soil saturation is found to be strongly related with soil depth and initial storage deficit maps, due to a full saturation of most of the area at the end of the event. When activated, the signature of sub-surface lateral flow is also visible in the spatial patterns of soil saturation with higher values concentrating along the river network. However, the data currently available do not allow the assessment of both patterns. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations for enhancing field observations in order to progress in process understanding and gather a larger set of data to improve the realism of distributed models
Spurious Responses Suppression of Parallel Coupled-Lines Microstrip Bandpass Filters: Comparison and Improvements of Planar Approaches

International audienceIn this paper, three methods to reject the first spurious harmonic in parallel-coupled microstrip filters are investigated. The authors proposed an extension of these approaches to also suppress the second unwanted passbands while keeping the initial passband practically unchanged. Then, two of these techniques are combined to achieve a wider upper stopband. Indeed, the sinusoidal perturbation technique is well combined with overcoupled end sections to reject the first three spurious passbands of an order three filter. A comparison of simulations and experimental results is made, with a discussion on each method efficiency and possible applications to higher order filters
Probing electron acceleration and x-ray emission in laser-plasma accelerators

International audienceWhile laser-plasma accelerators have demonstrated a strong potential in the acceleration of electrons up to giga-electronvolt energies, few experimental tools for studying the acceleration physics have been developed. In this paper, we demonstrate a method for probing the acceleration process. A second laser beam, propagating perpendicular to the main beam, is focused on the gas jet few nanosecond before the main beam creates the accelerating plasma wave. This second beam is intense enough to ionize the gas and form a density depletion, which will locally inhibit the acceleration. The position of the density depletion is scanned along the interaction length to probe the electron injection and acceleration, and the betatron X-ray emission. To illustrate the potential of the method, the variation of the injection position with the plasma density is studied
External-Injection experiment at SPARC LAB

At the SPARC LAB facility of INFN-LNF we are installing two transport lines for ultra-short electron bunches and an ultraintense\ud
laser pulses, generated by the SPARC photo-injector and by the FLAME laser in a synchronized fashion at the tens of f s\ud
level, to co-propagate inside a hydrogen filled glass capillary, in order to perform acceleration of the electron bunch by a plasma\ud
wave driven by the laser pulse. The main aim of this experiment is to demonstrate that a high brightness electron beam can be\ud
accelerated by a plasma wave without any significant degradation of its quality. Motivations of the technical choices made and\ud
expected performances are reported
The miR-17-92 MicroRNA Cluster regulates multiple components of the TGF-beta Pathway in neuroblastoma

The miR-17-92 microRNA cluster is often activated in cancer cells, but the identity of its targets remains elusive. Using SILAC and quantitative mass spectrometry, we examined the effects of activation of the miR-17-92 cluster on global protein expression in neuroblastoma (NB) cells. Our results reveal cooperation between individual miR-17-92 miRNAs and implicate miR-17-92 in multiple hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation and cell adhesion. Most importantly, we show that miR-17-92 is a potent inhibitor of TGF-beta signaling. By functioning both upstream and downstream of pSMAD2, miR-17-92 activation triggers downregulation of multiple key effectors along the TGF-beta signaling cascade as well as direct inhibition of TGF-beta-responsive genes
Galaxy-scale AGN feedback – theory

Powerful relativistic jets in radio galaxies are capable of driving strong outflows but also inducing star-formation by pressure-triggering collapse of dense clouds. We review theoretical work on negative and positive active galactic nuclei feedback, discussing insights gained from recent hydrodynamical simulations of jet-driven feedback on galaxy scales that are applicable to compact radio sources. The simulations show that the efficiency of feedback and the relative importance of negative and positive feedback depend strongly on interstellar medium properties, especially the column depth and spatial distribution of clouds. Negative feedback is most effective if clouds are distributed spherically and individual clouds have small column depths, while positive feedback is most effective if clouds are predominantly in a disc-like configuration
Differential top-antitop cross-section measurements as a function of observables constructed from final-state particles using pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV in the ATLAS detector

Journal of High Energy Physics 2015.6 (2015): 100 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Various differential cross-sections are measured in top-quark pair (tt¯) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the LHC with the ATLAS detector. These differential cross-sections are presented in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1. The differential cross-sections are
presented in terms of kinematic variables, such as momentum, rapidity and invariant mass,
of a top-quark proxy referred to as the pseudo-top-quark as well as the pseudo-top-quark
pair system. The dependence of the measurement on theoretical models is minimal.
The measurements are performed on tt¯ events in the lepton+jets channel, requiring
exactly one charged lepton and at least four jets with at least two of them tagged as
originating from a b-quark. The hadronic and leptonic pseudo-top-quarks are defined via
the leptonic or hadronic decay mode of the W boson produced by the top-quark decay
in events with a single charged lepton. Differential cross-section measurements of the
pseudo-top-quark variables are compared with several Monte Carlo models that implement
next-to-leading order or leading-order multi-leg matrix-element calculationsWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff
from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently.
We acknowledge the support of Anapests, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia;
BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwid
Ways to detect a light Higgs boson at the LHC.

We summarize the possible processes which may be used to search for a Higgs boson, of mass\ud
in the range 114–130 GeV, at the LHC. We discuss, in detail, two processes with rapidity gaps: exclusive\ud
Higgs production with tagged outgoing protons and production by Weak Boson Fusion, in each case taking\ud
H → b¯b as the signal. We make an extensive study of all possible b¯b backgrounds, and discuss the relevant\ud
experimental issues. We emphasize the special features of these signals, and of their background processes,\ud
and show that they could play an important role in identifying a light Higgs boson at the LHC
1H NMR study of internal motions and quantum rotational tunneling in (CH3)4NGeCl3

CH3)4NGeCl3 is prepared, characterized and studied using 1H NMR spin lattice relaxation time and second moment to understand the internal motions and quantum rotational tunneling. Proton second moment is measured at 7 MHz as function of temperature in the range 300–77 K and spin lattice relaxation time (T1) is measured at two Larmor frequencies, as a function of temperature in the range 270–17 K employing a homemade wide-line/pulsed NMR spectrometers. T1 data are analyzed in two temperature regions using relevant theoretical models. The relaxation in the higher temperatures (270–115 K) is attributed to the hindered reorientations of symmetric groups (CH3 and (CH3)4N). Broad asymmetric T1 minima observed below 115 K down to 17 K are attributed to quantum rotational tunneling of the inequivalent methyl groups. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Son
Anisotropic plasmas from axion and dilaton deformations

We construct black hole solutions of type IIB supergravity that are
holographically dual to anisotropic plasmas arising from deformations of an
infinite class of four-dimensional CFTs. The CFTs are dual to $AdS_5\times
X_5$, where $X_5$ is an Einstein manifold, and the deformations involve the
type IIB axion and dilaton, with non-trivial periodic dependence on one of the
spatial directions of the CFT. At low temperatures the solutions approach
smooth domain wall solutions with the same $AdS_5\times X_5$ solution appearing
in the far IR. For sufficiently large deformations an intermediate scaling
regime appears which is governed by a Lifshitz-like scaling solution. We
calculate the DC thermal conductivity and some components of the shear
viscosity tensor.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures. Very minor changes, published versio
Time-resolved multi-mass ion imaging: femtosecond UV-VUV pump-probe
  spectroscopy with the PImMS camera

The Pixel-Imaging Mass Spectrometry (PImMS) camera allows for 3D charged
particle imaging measurements, in which the particle time-of-flight is recorded
along with $(x,y)$ position. Coupling the PImMS camera to an ultrafast
pump-probe velocity-map imaging spectroscopy apparatus therefore provides a
route to time-resolved multi-mass ion imaging, with both high count rates and
large dynamic range, thus allowing for rapid measurements of complex
photofragmentation dynamics. Furthermore, the use of vacuum ultraviolet
wavelengths for the probe pulse allows for an enhanced observation window for
the study of excited state molecular dynamics in small polyatomic molecules
having relatively high ionization potentials. Herein, preliminary time-resolved
multi-mass imaging results from C$_2$F$_3$I photolysis are presented. The
experiments utilized femtosecond UV and VUV (160.8~nm and 267~nm) pump and
probe laser pulses in order to demonstrate and explore this new time-resolved
experimental ion imaging configuration. The data indicates the depth and power
of this measurement modality, with a range of photofragments readily observed,
and many indications of complex underlying wavepacket dynamics on the excited
state(s) prepared
Measurement of jet activity in top quark events using the eμ final state with two b-tagged jets in pp collisions at √s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the jet activity in tt¯ events produced in proton-proton collisions at s√=8 TeV are presented, using 20.3 fb−1 of data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The events were selected in the dilepton eμ decay channel with two identified b-jets. The numbers of additional jets for various jet transverse momentum (pT) thresholds, and the normalised differential cross-sections as a function of pT for the five highest-pT additional jets, were measured in the jet pseudo-rapidity range |η| < 4.5. The gap fraction, the fraction of events which do not contain an additional jet in a central rapidity region, was measured for several rapidity intervals as a function of the minimum pT of a single jet or the scalar sum of pT of all additional jets. These fractions were also measured in different intervals of the invariant mass of the eμbb¯¯ system. All measurements were corrected for detector effects, and found to be mostly well-described by predictions from next-to-leading-order and leading-order tt¯ event generators with appropriate parameter choices. The results can be used to further optimise the parameters used in such generators
Factor influencing Logistics Service Providers Efficiency' in Urban Distribution Systems

The increased urbanization and the awareness of freight transportation impacts have stressed the importance of City Logistics (CL) as a comprehensive approach aimed at mitigating the negati ve effects of distribution activities without penalizing social, cultural, and economic issues. In this context, a crucial role is played by logistics service providers (LSPs) . This paper propo ses an empirical analysis on the operational factors determining the level of efficiency of a LSP. This study represents an attempt to develop a panel of operational variables supporting the efficiency of the urban distribution system of LSPs. The potential benefits are both economic and environmental