pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Comparison of cancer diagnostic intervals before and after implementation of NICE guidelines : analysis of data from the UK General Practice Research Database.

Background: The primary aim was to use routine data to compare cancer diagnostic intervals before and after implementation of\ud
the 2005 NICE Referral Guidelines for Suspected Cancer. The secondary aim was to compare change in diagnostic intervals across different categories of presenting symptoms.\ud
Methods: Using data from the General Practice Research Database, we analysed patients with one of 15 cancers diagnosed in either 2001–2002 or 2007–2008. Putative symptom lists for each cancer were classified into whether or not they qualified for urgent referral under NICE guidelines. Diagnostic interval (duration from first presented symptom to date of diagnosis in primary care records) was compared between the two cohorts.\ud
Results: In total, 37 588 patients had a new diagnosis of cancer and of these 20 535 (54.6%) had a recorded symptom in the year prior to diagnosis and were included in the analysis. The overall mean diagnostic interval fell by 5.4 days (95% CI: 2.4–8.5; Po0.001) between 2001–2002 and 2007–2008. There was evidence of significant reductions for the following cancers: (mean, 95% confidence interval) kidney (20.4 days,  0.5 to 41.5; P ¼ 0.05), head and neck (21.2 days, 0.2–41.6; P ¼ 0.04), bladder (16.4 days, 6.6–26.5; Pp0.001), colorectal (9.0 days, 3.2–14.8; P ¼ 0.002), oesophageal (13.1 days, 3.0–24.1; P ¼ 0.006) and pancreatic (12.6 days, 0.2–24.6;\ud
P ¼ 0.04). Patients who presented with NICE-qualifying symptoms had shorter diagnostic intervals than those who did not (all cancers in both cohorts). For the 2007–2008 cohort, the cancers with the shortest median diagnostic intervals were breast (26 days) and testicular (44 days); the highest were myeloma (156 days) and lung (112 days). The values for the 90th centiles of the distributions remain very high for some cancers. Tests of interaction provided little evidence of differences in change in mean diagnostic intervals between those who did and did not present with symptoms specifically cited in the NICE Guideline as requiring urgent referral.\ud
Conclusion: We suggest that the implementation of the 2005 NICE Guidelines may have contributed to this reduction in\ud
diagnostic intervals between 2001–2002 and 2007–2008. There remains considerable scope to achieve more timely cancer\ud
diagnosis, with the ultimate aim of improving cancer outcomes
Subglacial processes on an Antarctic ice stream bed. 2 : can modelled ice dynamics explain the morphology of mega-scale glacial lineations?

Mega-scale glacial lineations (MSGLs) are highly elongate subglacial bedforms associated with ice streaming. However, the link between MSGLs and rapid ice flow is largely qualitative, and there have been few attempts to quantitatively link their formation to ice flow characteristics (e.g. ice velocity, thickness, basal shear stress). We take measurements of MSGLs from a palaeo-ice stream that once occupied Marguerite Trough, Antarctic Peninsula and explore a range of possible correlations with ice dynamics generated from an ensemble of numerical modelling experiments that reproduce the deglaciation of the ice stream. Our results confirm that high mean ice velocities and a weak bed correlate with longer MSGLs. Furthermore, the height of MSGLs are low (2–3 m) where modelled basal shear stress is low, but their height tends to be higher and more variable where basal shear stress is larger. The mean density of MSGLs decreases as ice flux increases. Our analysis further suggests that the length of MSGLs is a function of basal ice velocity and time. Although our data/model correlations confirm the importance of ice velocity in MSGL formation, a significant challenge remains if we are to employ MSGLs as a quantifiable measure of past ice stream velocity
Minimally packed phases in holography.

We numerically construct asymptotically AdS black brane solutions of D = 4 Einstein-Maxwell theory coupled to a pseudoscalar. The solutions are holographically dual to d = 3 CFTs at finite chemical potential and in a constant magnetic field, which spontaneously break translation invariance leading to the spontaneous formation of abelian and momentum magnetisation currents flowing around the plaquettes of a periodic Bravais lattice. We analyse the three-dimensional moduli space of lattice solutions, which are generically oblique, and show, for a specific value of the magnetic field, that the free energy is minimised by the triangular lattice, associated with minimal packing of circles in the plane. We show that the average stress tensor for the thermodynamically preferred phase is that of a perfect fluid and that this result applies more generally to spontaneously generated periodic phases. The triangular structure persists at low temperatures indicating the existence of novel crystalline ground states
Production of associated $\Upsilon$ and open charm hadrons in $pp$
  collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and $8$TeV via double parton scattering

Associated production of bottomonia and open charm hadrons in $pp$ collisions
at $\sqrt{s}=7$ and $8$TeV is observed using data corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 3$fb^{-1}$ accumulated with the LHCb detector. The
observation of five combinations, $\Upsilon(1S)D^0$, $\Upsilon(2S)D^0$,
$\Upsilon(1S)D^+$, $\Upsilon(2S)D^+$ and $\Upsilon(1S)D^+_{s}$, is reported.
Production cross-sections are measured for $\Upsilon(1S)D^0$ and
$\Upsilon(1S)D^+$ pairs in the forward region. The measured cross-sections and
the differential distributions indicate the dominance of double parton
scattering as the main production mechanism. This allows a precise measurement
of the effective cross-section for double parton scattering.Comment: 36 pages, 11 figures. All figures and tables, along with any
  supplementary material and additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2015-046.htm
Probing Bogoliubov quasiparticles in superfluid $^3$He with a
  'vibrating-wire like' MEMS device

We have measured the interaction between superfluid $^3$He-B and a
micro-machined goalpost-shaped device at temperatures below $0.2\,T_c$. The
measured damping follows well the theory developed for vibrating wires, in
which the Andreev reflection of quasiparticles in the flow field around the
moving structure leads to a nonlinear frictional force. At low velocities the
damping force is proportional to velocity while it tends to saturate for larger
excitations. Above a velocity of 2.6$\,$mms$^{-1}$ the damping abruptly
increases, which is interpreted in terms of Cooper-pair breaking.
Interestingly, this critical velocity is significantly lower than reported with
other mechanical probes immersed in superfluid $^3$He. Furthermore, we report
on a nonlinear resonance shape for large motion amplitudes that we interpret as
an inertial effect due to quasiparticle friction, but other mechanisms could
possibly be invoked as well.Comment: J. of Low Temp. Phys. in pres
Can $X(5568)$ be described as a $B_s\pi$, $B\bar{K}$ resonant state?

The D0 Collaboration has recently seen a resonant-like peak in the $B_s\pi$
invariant mass spectrum, claimed to be a new state called $X(5568)$. Using a
$B_s\pi$--$B\bar{K}$ coupled channel analysis, implementing unitarity, and with
the interaction derived from Heavy Meson Chiral Perturbation Theory, we are
able to reproduce the reported spectrum, with a pole that can be associated to
the claimed $X(5568)$ state, and with mass and width in agreement with the ones
reported in the experimental analysis. However, if the $T$-matrix
regularization is performed by means of a momentum cutoff, the value for the
latter needed to reproduce the spectrum is $\Lambda = 2.80 \pm 0.04\
\text{GeV}$, much larger than a "natural" value $\Lambda \simeq 1\ \text{GeV}$.
In view of this, it is difficult to interpret the nature of this new state.
This state would not qualify as a resonance dynamically generated by the
unitarity loops. Assuming the observed peak to correspond to a physical state,
we make predictions for partners in the $D$, $D^\ast$, and $B^\ast$ sectors.
Their observation (or lack thereof) would shed light into this issue
An extreme planetary system around HD219828. One long-period super
  Jupiter to a hot-neptune host star

With about 2000 extrasolar planets confirmed, the results show that planetary
systems have a whole range of unexpected properties. We present a full
investigation of the HD219828 system, a bright metal-rich star for which a hot
neptune has previously been detected. We used a set of HARPS, SOPHIE, and
ELODIE radial velocities to search for the existence of orbiting companions to
HD219828. A dynamical analysis is also performed to study the stability of the
system and to constrain the orbital parameters and planet masses. We announce
the discovery of a long period (P=13.1years) massive (msini=15.1MJup) companion
(HD219828c) in a very eccentric orbit (e=0.81). The same data confirms the
existence of a hot-neptune, HD219828b, with a minimum mass of 21 MEarth and a
period of 3.83days. The dynamical analysis shows that the system is stable. The
HD219828 system is extreme and unique in several aspects. First, among all
known exoplanet systems it presents an unusually high mass ratio. We also show
that systems like HD219828, with a hot neptune and a long-period massive
companion are more frequent than similar systems with a hot jupiter instead.
This suggests that the formation of hot neptunes follows a different path than
the formation of their hot jovian counterparts. The high mass, long period, and
eccentricity of HD219828c also make it a good target for Gaia astrometry as
well as a potential target for atmospheric characterisation, using direct
imaging or high-resolution spectroscopy. Astrometric observations will allow us
to derive its real mass and orbital configuration. If a transit of HD219828b is
detected, we will be able to fully characterise the system, including the
relative orbital inclinations. With a clearly known mass, HD219828c may become
a benchmark object for the range in between giant planets and brown dwarfs.Comment: Astronomy & Astrophysics, in pres
Two-gluon exchange contribution to elastic $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma
  \gamma$ scattering and production of two-photons in ultraperipheral
  ultrarelativistic heavy ion and proton-proton collisions

We discuss the two-gluon exchange contribution (formally three-loops) to
elastic photon-photon scattering in the high-energy approximation. The elastic
$\gamma\gamma \to \gamma \gamma$ amplitude is given in the impact-factor
representation for all helicity configurations and finite quark masses. We
discuss the importance of including the charm quark, which contribution, due to
interference, can enhance the cross section considerably. We investigate the
contribution to the $\gamma \gamma \to \gamma \gamma$ amplitude from the soft
region, by studying its dependence on nonperturbative gluon mass. Helicity-flip
contributions are shown to be much smaller than helicity-conserving ones. We
identify region(s) of phase space where the two-gluon exchange contribution
becomes important ingredient compared to box and nonperturbative VDM-Regge
mechanisms considered in the literature. Consequences for the $A A \to A A
\gamma \gamma$ reaction are discussed. Several differential distributions are
shown. A feasibility study to observe the effect of two-gluon exchange is
presented. We perform a similar analysis for the $p p \to p p \gamma \gamma$
reaction. Only by imposing severe cuts on $M_{\gamma \gamma}$ and a narrow
window on photon transverse momenta the two gluon contribution becomes
comparable to the box contribution but the corresponding cross section is
rather small.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, 1 table, a reference was adde
Investigating variation in replicability: A "Many Labs" replication project

Contains fulltext :
                  131506.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Although replication is a central tenet of science, direct replications are rare in psychology. This research tested variation in the replicability of 13 classic and contemporary effects across 36 independent samples totaling 6,344 participants. In the aggregate, 10 effects replicated consistently. One effect – imagined contact reducing prejudice – showed weak support for replicability. And two effects -  flag priming influencing conservatism and currency priming influencing system justification -  did not replicate. We compared whether the conditions such as lab versus online or US versus international sample predicted effect magnitudes. By and large they did not. The results of this small sample of effects suggest that replicability is more dependent on the effect itself than on the sample and setting used to investigate the effect.11 p
Maximum Decay Rate for the Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation

International audienceIn this paper, we consider global solutions for the following nonlinear Schrödinger equation $iu_t+\Delta u+\lambda|u|^\alpha u=0,$ in $\R^N,$ with $\lambda\in\R$ and $0\le\alpha<\frac{4}{N-2}$ $(0\le\alpha<\infty$ if $N=1).$ We show that no nontrivial solution can decay faster than the solutions of the free Schrödinger equation, provided that $u(0)$ lies in the weighted Sobolev space $H^1(\R^N)\cap L^2(|x|^2;dx),$ in the energy space, namely $H^1(\R^N),$ or in $L^2(\R^N),$ according to the different cases
Feature detection using spikes: the greedy approach.

This work links Matching Pursuit with bayesian inference by providing the underlying hypotheses (linear model, uniform prior, gaussian noise model). A parallel with the parallel and event-based nature of neural computations is explored and we show application to modelling Primary Visual Cortex / image processsing.A goal of low-level neural processes is to build an efficient code extracting the relevant information from the sensory input. It is believed that this is implemented in cortical areas by elementary inferential computations dynamically extracting the most likely parameters corresponding to the sensory signal. We explore here a neuro-mimetic feed-forward model of the primary visual area (VI) solving this problem in the case where the signal may be described by a robust linear generative model. This model uses an over-complete dictionary of primitives which provides a distributed probabilistic representation of input features. Relying on an efficiency criterion, we derive an algorithm as an approximate solution which uses incremental greedy inference processes. This algorithm is similar to 'Matching Pursuit' and mimics the parallel architecture of neural computations. We propose here a simple implementation using a network of spiking integrate-and-fire neurons which communicate using lateral interactions. Numerical simulations show that this Sparse Spike Coding strategy provides an efficient model for representing visual data from a set of natural images. Even though it is simplistic, this transformation of spatial data into a spatio-temporal pattern of binary events provides an accurate description of some complex neural patterns observed in the spiking activity of biological neural networks
Encoding of the infrared excess in the NUVrK color diagram   for star-forming galaxies

International audienceWe present an empirical method of assessing the star formation rate (SFR) of star-forming galaxies based on their locations in the rest-frame color–color diagram (NUV − r) vs. (r − K). By using the Spitzer 24  μm sample in the COSMOS field (~16 400 galaxies with 0.2 ≤ z ≤ 1.3) and a local GALEX-SDSS-SWIRE sample (~700 galaxies with z ≤ 0.2), we show that the mean infrared excess ⟨IRX⟩ = ⟨ LIR/LUV ⟩ can be described by a single vector, NRK , that combines the two colors. The calibration between ⟨IRX⟩ and NRK allows us to recover the IR luminosity, LIR, with an accuracy of σ ~ 0.21 for the COSMOS sample and 0.27 dex for the local one. The SFRs derived with this method agree with the ones based on the observed (UV+IR) luminosities and on the spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting for the vast majority (~85%) of the star-forming population. Thanks to a library of model galaxy SEDs with realistic prescriptions for the star formation history, we show that we need to include a two-component dust model (i.e., birth clouds and diffuse ISM) and a full distribution of galaxy inclinations in order to reproduce the behavior of the ⟨IRX⟩ stripes in the NUVrK diagram. In conclusion, the NRK method, based only on the rest-frame UV/optical colors available in most of the extragalactic fields, offers a simple alternative of assessing the SFR of star-forming galaxies in the absence of far-IR or spectral diagnostic observations
Ulcus vulvae acutum - A case of genital ulcers in adolescent girl

Ulcus vulvae acutum is a rare clinical condition characterized by the presence of multiple acute painful genital ulcers of non-venereal origin associated with systemic symptoms in young women. The aetiopathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood, although recent reports have associated it with the Epstein-Barr virus. Diagnosis is difficult and generally made by exclusion after venereal diseases, and autoimmune, inflammatory, traumatic, and neoplastic causes. We describe a case of adolescent female with an episode of ulcus vulvae acutum associated with infectious mononucleosis. The diagnosis was supported by the clinical symptoms, elevated circulating levels of liver enzymes, positive EBV serology, cervical and inguinal lymphadenomegaly, and hepatosplenomegaly. The patient presented a history of aphthous stomatitis. Negative Pathergy test and the absence of any other related symptoms allowed us to exclude the Behçhet syndrome. Lesions healed with no sequelae or recurrences
Measurements of four-lepton production in pp collisions at √s=8TeV with the ATLAS detector

The four-lepton (4ℓ, ℓ=e, μ) production cross section is measured in the mass range from 80 to 1000GeV using 20.3fb−1of data in ppcollisions at √s=8TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The 4ℓevents are produced in the decays of resonant Zand Higgs bosons and the non-resonant ZZcontinuum originating from q¯q, gg, and qginitial states. A total of 476 signal candidate events are observed with a background expectation of 26.2 ±3.6events, enabling the measurement of the integrated cross section and the differential cross section as a function of the invariant mass and transverse momentum of the four-lepton system.In the mass range above 180GeV, assuming the theoretical constraint on the q¯q production cross section calculated with perturbative NNLO QCD and NLO electroweak corrections, the signal strength of the gluon-fusion component relative to its leading-order prediction is determined to be μgg=2.4 ±1.0(stat.) ±0.5(syst.) ±0.8(theory)
Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum using √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

Journal of High Energy Physics 2011.11 (2011): 099 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMResults are presented of a search for any particle(s) decaying to six or more jets in association with missing transverse momentum. The search is performed using 1.34 fb-1 of √s = 7TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector during 2011. Data-driven techniques are used to determine the backgrounds in kinematic regions that require at least six, seven or eight jets, well beyond the multiplicities required in previous analyses. No evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of a supersymmetry model (MSUGRA/CMSSM) where they extend previous constraint
Search for contact interactions in dilepton events from pp collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThis Letter presents a search for contact interactions in the dielectron and dimuon channels using data from proton–proton collisions produced by the LHC at √ s = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. The data sample, collected in 2011, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.08 and 1.21 fb−1 in the e+e− and μ+μ− channels, respectively. No significant deviations from the standard model are observed. Using a Bayesian approach with a prior flat in 1/Λ2, the following 95% CL lower limits are placed on the energy scale of ℓℓqq contact interactions: Λ− > 10.1 TeV (Λ+ > 9.4 TeV) in the electron channel and Λ− > 8.0 TeV (Λ+ > 7.0 TeV) in the muon channel for constructive (destructive) interference in the left–left isoscalar contact interaction model. Limits are also provided for a prior flat in 1/Λ4We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3–CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwid