pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The gauged Nambu-Jona Lasinio model: a mean field calculation with non mean field exponents

We analyse the phase diagram of the lattice gauged Nambu-Jona Lasinio model with the help of a mean field approximation plus numerical simulations. We find a phase transition line in the coupling parameters space separating the chirally broken phase from the symmetric phase which is in good qualitative agreement with results obtained in the quenched-ladder approximation. The mean field approximation relates the critical exponents along the continuous phase transition line with the mass dependence of the chiral condensate in the Coulomb phase of standard noncompact QED. Our numerical results for noncompact QED strongly suggest non mean field exponents along the critical line
Fractional Angular Momentum in Noncommutative Space

In noncommutative space to maintain Bose-Einstein statistics for identical
particles at the non-perturbation level described by deformed
annihilation-creation operators when the state vector space of identical bosons
is constructed by generalizing one-particle quantum mechanics it is explored
that the consistent ansatz of commutation relations of phase space variables
should simultaneously include space-space noncommutativity and
momentum-momentum noncommutativity, and a new type of boson commutation
relations at the deformed level is obtained. Consistent perturbation expansions
of deformed annihilation-creation operators are obtained. The influence of the
new boson commutation relations on dynamics is discussed. The non-perturbation
and perturbation property of the orbital angular momentum of two-dimensional
system are investigated. Its spectrum possesses fractional eigen values and
fractional intervals.Comment: 10 page
Superconformal Field Theory and SUSY N=1 KdV Hierarchy I: Vertex
  Operators and Yang-Baxter Equation

The supersymmetry invariant integrable structure of two-dimensional
superconformal field theory is considered. The classical limit of the
corresponding infinite family of integrals of motion (IM) coincide with the
family of IM of SUSY N=1 KdV hierarchy. The quantum version of the monodromy
matrix, generating quantum IM, associated with the SUSY N=1 KdV is constructed
via vertex operator representation of the quantum R-matrix. The possible
applications to the perturbed superconformal models are discussed.Comment: LaTeX2e, elsart.cls, 11 pages, subm. to Physics Letters
Exact Thresholds and Instanton Effects in String Theory

In this lecture we summarize some recent work on the understanding of instanton effects in string theories with 16 supersymmetries. In particular, we consider F^4 couplings using the duality between the heterotic string on T^4 and type IIA on K_3 at an orbifold point, as well as higher and lower dimensional versions of this string-string duality. At the perturbative level a non-trivial test of the duality, requiring several miraculous identities, is presented by matching a purely one-loop heterotic amplitude to a purely tree-level type II result. A wide variety of non-perturbative effects is shown to occur in this setting, including D-brane instantons for type IIA on K_3 x S^1 and NS5-brane instantons for type IIA on K_3 x T^2. Moreover, the analysis of the three-dimensional case, which possesses a non-perturbative SO(8,24,Z) U-duality, reveals the presence of Kaluza-Klein 5-brane instanton effects, both on the heterotic and the type II side
Leptonic decays of the $D_s$ meson

The purely leptonic decays Ds -> tau nu and Ds -> mu nu are studied in a sample of four million hadronic Z decays collected with the ALEPH detector at the LEP e+e- collider from 1991 to 1995. The branching fractions are extracted from a combination of two analyses, one optimized to select Ds -> tau nu decays with tau -> e nu nubar or mu nu nubar, and the other optimized for Ds-> mu nu decays. The results are used to evaluate the Ds decay constant, within the Standard Model: fDs = [285 +- 19(stat) +- 40 (syst)] MeV
Convoluted $C$-cosine functions and semigroups. Relations with
  ultradistribution and hyperfunction sines

Convoluted $C$-cosine functions and semigroups in a Banach space setting
extending the classes of fractionally integrated $C$-cosine functions and
semigroups are systematically analyzed. Structural properties of such operator
families are obtained. Relations between convoluted $C$-cosine functions and
analytic convoluted $C$-semigroups, introduced and investigated in this paper
are given through the convoluted version of the abstract Weierstrass formula
which is also proved in the paper. Ultradistribution and hyperfunction sines
are connected with analytic convoluted semigroups and ultradistribution
semigroups. Several examples of operators generating convoluted cosine
functions, (analytic) convoluted semigroups as well as hyperfunction and
ultradistribution sines illustrate the abstract approach of the authors. As an
application, it is proved that the polyharmonic operator $(-\Delta)^{2^{n}},$
$n\in {\mathbb N},$ acting on $L^{2}[0,\pi]$ with appropriate boundary
conditions, generates an exponentially bounded $K_{n}$-convoluted cosine
function, and consequently, an exponentially bounded analytic
$K_{n+1}$-convoluted semigroup of angle $\frac{\pi}{2},$ for suitable
exponentially bounded kernels $K_{n} $ and $K_{n+1}.
On the Global Dynamics of the Anisotropic Manev Problem

We study the global flow of the anisotropic Manev problem, which describes
the planar motion of two bodies under the influence of an anisotropic Newtonian
potential with a relativistic correction term. We first find all the
heteroclinic orbits between equilibrium solutions. Then we generalize the
Poincare'-Melnikov method and use it to prove the existence of infinitely many
transversal homoclinic orbits. Invoking a variational principle and the
symmetries of the system, we finally detect infinitely many classes of periodic
orbits.Comment: 29 pages, 4 figure
Mutations causing medullary cystic kidney disease type 1 (MCKD1) lie in a large VNTR in MUC1 missed by massively parallel sequencing

While genetic lesions responsible for some Mendelian disorders can be rapidly discovered through massively parallel sequencing (MPS) of whole genomes or exomes, not all diseases readily yield to such efforts. We describe the illustrative case of the simple Mendelian disorder medullary cystic kidney disease type 1 (MCKD1), mapped more than a decade ago to a 2-Mb region on chromosome 1. Ultimately, only by cloning, capillary sequencing, and de novo assembly, we found that each of six MCKD1 families harbors an equivalent, but apparently independently arising, mutation in sequence dramatically underrepresented in MPS data: the insertion of a single C in one copy (but a different copy in each family) of the repeat unit comprising the extremely long (~1.5-5 kb), GC-rich (>80%), coding VNTR in the mucin 1 gene. The results provide a cautionary tale about the challenges in identifying genes responsible for Mendelian, let alone more complex, disorders through MPS
Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of pre-main sequence stellar spectra

This paper describes the analysis of UVES and GIRAFFE spectra acquired by the
Gaia-ESO Public Spectroscopic Survey in the fields of young clusters whose
population includes pre-main sequence (PMS) stars. Both methods that have been
extensively used in the past and new ones developed in the contest of the
Gaia-ESO survey enterprise are available and used. The internal precision of
these quantities is estimated by inter-comparing the results obtained by such
different methods, while the accuracy is estimated by comparison with
independent external data, like effective temperature and surface gravity
derived from angular diameter measurements, on a sample of benchmarks stars.
Specific strategies are implemented to deal with fast rotation, accretion
signatures, chromospheric activity, and veiling. The analysis carried out on
spectra acquired in young clusters' fields during the first 18 months of
observations, up to June 2013, is presented in preparation of the first release
of advanced data products. Stellar parameters obtained with the higher
resolution and larger wavelength coverage from UVES are reproduced with
comparable accuracy and precision using the smaller wavelength range and lower
resolution of the GIRAFFE setup adopted for young stars, which allows us to
provide with confidence stellar parameters for the much larger GIRAFFE sample.
Precisions are estimated to be $\approx$ 120 K r.m.s. in Teff, $\approx$0.3 dex
r.m.s. in logg, and $\approx$0.15 dex r.m.s. in [Fe/H], for both the UVES and
GIRAFFE setups.Comment: 22 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication on A&
Search for B decays to final states with the eta_c meson

We report a search for $B$ decays to selected final states with the $\eta_c$
meson: $B^{\pm}\to K^{\pm}\eta_c\pi^+\pi^-$, $B^{\pm}\to K^{\pm}\eta_c\omega$,
$B^{\pm}\to K^{\pm}\eta_c\eta$ and $B^{\pm}\to K^{\pm}\eta_c\pi^0$. The
analysis is based on $772\times 10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the
$\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy
$e^+e^-$ collider. We set 90\% confidence level upper limits on the branching
fractions of the studied $B$ decay modes, independent of intermediate
resonances, in the range $(0.6-5.3)\times 10^{-4}$. We also search for
molecular-state candidates in the $D^0\bar{D}^{*0}-\bar{D}^0D^{*0}$,
$D^0\bar{D}^0+\bar{D}^0D^0$ and $D^{*0}\bar{D}^{*0}+\bar{D}^{*0}D^{*0}$
combinations, neutral partners of the $Z(3900)^{\pm}$ and $Z(4020)^{\pm}$, and
a poorly understood state $X(3915)$ as possible intermediate states in the
decay chain, and set 90\% confidence level upper limits on the product of
branching fractions to the mentioned intermediate states and decay branching
fractions of these states in the range $(0.6-6.9)\times 10^{-5}$.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures, accepted to JHE
Searches for Time Dependent Neutrino Sources with IceCube Data from 2008
  to 2012

In this paper searches for flaring astrophysical neutrino sources and sources
with periodic emission with the IceCube neutrino telescope are presented. In
contrast to time integrated searches, where steady emission is assumed, the
analyses presented here look for a time dependent signal of neutrinos using the
information from the neutrino arrival times to enhance the discovery potential.
A search was performed for correlations between neutrino arrival times and
directions as well as neutrino emission following time dependent lightcurves,
sporadic emission or periodicities of candidate sources. These include active
galactic nuclei, soft $\gamma$-ray repeaters, supernova remnants hosting
pulsars, micro-quasars and X-ray binaries. The work presented here updates and
extends previously published results to a longer period that covers four years
of data from 2008 April 5 to 2012 May 16 including the first year of operation
of the completed 86-string detector. The analyses did not find any significant
time dependent point sources of neutrinos and the results were used to set
upper limits on the neutrino flux from source candidates
Derivation of the action and symmetries of the q-deformed AdS5??S5 superstring

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 4.0), which permits any use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited.We recently proposed an integrable q-deformation of the AdS5 ?? S 5 superstring action. Here we give details on the hamiltonian origin and construction of this deformation. The procedure is a generalization of the one previously developed for deforming principal chiral and symmetric space ??-model
Conspecific recognition and aggression reduction to familiars in newly weaned, socially plastic mammals

This work was conducted as part of a PhD, which was funded by the UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) grant NE/H524930/1 and by SMRU Marine, St Andrews, UK.Recognising conspecifics and behaving appropriately towards them is a crucial ability for many species. Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) show varying capabilities in this regard: mother-pup recognition has been demonstrated in some geographical populations but is absent in others, yet there is evidence that individuals aggregate with prior associates. The recognition capabilities of newly weaned grey seal pups were investigated using class recognition trials within the habituation/dishabituation paradigm. Trials took place in pens, using pairs of individuals that either had previously cohabited (familiar) or that had never met before (stranger). Frequencies of olfactory and visual investigative behaviours (‘checks’) and aggressive interactions were recorded during trials. Familiar individuals recognised each other: paired strangers showed significantly more checks and aggressive interactions than were seen in trials pairing familiars. Oxytocin concentrations in post-trial plasma samples were analysed to investigate the underlying physiology modulating recognition abilities; however, no significant differences were detected between familiar or stranger trials. This study demonstrates that at a young age, grey seals can recognise individuals they have previously encountered. Recognition abilities in this species have adaptive value by allowing the reduction of costly aggressive interactions between familiar conspecifics, which is often cited as the first step towards the evolution of sociality in a species. This study is the first with wild subjects to find conspecific recognition abilities in a pinniped species outside of reproductive contexts. It demonstrates that even largely solitary species can be capable of recognition and pro-social behaviours that benefit them during times when they must aggregate.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
The H I Tully-Fisher telation of early-type galaxies

Milan den Heijer was supported for this research through a stipend from the International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) for Astronomy and Astrophysics at the Universities of Bonn and Cologne. Jürgen Kerp and Milan den Heijer thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) for support on the grants KE 757/7-2 and KE 757/9-1. M.C. acknowledges support from a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. This work was supported by the rolling grants “Astrophysics at Oxford” PP/E001114/1 and ST/H002456/1 and visitors grants PPA/V/S/2002/00553, PP/E001564/1 and ST/H504862/1 from the UK Research Councils. T.A.D. acknowledges the support provided by an ESO fellowship. T.N. acknowledges support from the DFG Cluster of Excellence “Origin and Structure of the Universe”. A.W. acknowledges support of a Leverhulme Trust Early Career Fellowship. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (/FP7/2007-2013/) under grant agreement No. 229517. The authors acknowledge financial support from ESO.We study the H iK-band Tully-Fisher relation and the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation for a sample of 16 early-type galaxies, taken from the ATLAS3D sample, which all have very regular H i disks extending well beyond the optical body (≳ 5 Reff). We use the kinematics of these disks to estimate the circular velocity at large radii for these galaxies. We find that the Tully-Fisher relation for our early-type galaxies is offset by about 0.5-0.7 mag from the relation for spiral galaxies, in the sense that early-type galaxies are dimmer for a given circular velocity. The residuals with respect to the spiral Tully-Fisher relation correlate with estimates of the stellar mass-to-light ratio, suggesting that the offset between the relations is mainly driven by differences in stellar populations. We also observe a small offset between our Tully-Fisher relation with the relation derived for the ATLAS3D sample based on CO data representing the galaxies’ inner regions (≲1 Reff). This indicates that the circular velocities at large radii are systematically 10% lower than those near 0.5−1 Reff, in line with recent determinations of the shape of the mass profile of early-type galaxies. The baryonic Tully-Fisher relation of our sample is distinctly tighter than the standard one, in particular when using mass-to-light ratios based on dynamical models of the stellar kinematics. We find that the early-type galaxies fall on the spiral baryonic Tully-Fisher relation if one assumes M/LK = 0.54 M⊙/L⊙ for the stellar populations of the spirals, a value similar to that found by recent studies of the dynamics of spiral galaxies. Such a mass-to-light ratio for spiral galaxies would imply that their disks are 60-70% of maximal. Our analysis increases the range of galaxy morphologies for which the baryonic Tully-Fisher relations holds, strengthening previous claims that it is a more fundamental scaling relation than the classical Tully-Fisher relation.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Multifrequency studies of the peculiar quasar 4C+21.35 during the 2010 flaring activity

The discovery of rapidly variable Very High Energy ( VHE; E > 100 GeV). - ray emission from 4C + 21.35 ( PKS 1222+ 216) by MAGIC on 2010 June 17, triggered by the high activity detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope ( LAT) in high energy ( HE; E > 100 MeV). - rays, poses intriguing questions on the location of the. - ray emitting region in this flat spectrum radio quasar. We present multifrequency data of 4C + 21.35 collected from centimeter to VHE during 2010 to investigate the properties of this source and discuss a possible emission model. The first hint of detection at VHE was observed by MAGIC on 2010 May 3, soon after a gamma- ray flare detected by Fermi-LAT that peaked on April 29. The same emission mechanism may therefore be responsible for both the HE and VHE emission during the 2010 flaring episodes. Two optical peaks were detected on 2010 April 20 and June 30, close in time but not simultaneous with the two gamma- ray peaks, while no clear connection was observed between the X-ray and gamma- ray emission. An increasing flux density was observed in radio and mm bands from the beginning of 2009, in accordance with the increasing gamma- ray activity observed by Fermi-LAT, and peaking on 2011 January 27 in the mm regime ( 230 GHz). We model the spectral energy distributions ( SEDs) of 4C + 21.35 for the two periods of the VHE detection and a quiescent state, using a one-zone model with the emission coming from a very compact region outside the broad line region. The three SEDs can be fit with a combination of synchrotron self-Compton and external Compton emission of seed photons from a dust torus, changing only the electron distribution parameters between the epochs. The fit of the optical/UV part of the spectrum for 2010 April 29 seems to favor an inner disk radius of < six gravitational radii, as one would expect from a prograde-rotating Kerr black hole
Chiral symmetry restoration in the massive Thirring model at finite T and mu: dimensional reduction and the Coulomb gas

We show that in certain limits the (1+1)-dimensional massive Thirring model at finite temperature T is equivalent to a one-dimensional Coulomb gas of charged particles at the same T. This equivalence is then used to explore the phase structure of the massive Thirring model. For strong coupling and T >>m (the fermion mass) , the system is shown to behave as a free gas of ‘‘molecules’’ (charge pairs in the Coulomb gas terminology) made of pairs of chiral condensates. This binding of chiral condensates is responsible for the restoration of chiral symmetry as T→∞. In addition, when a fermion chemical potential μ ≠ 0 is included, the analogy with a Coulomb gas still holds with μ playing the rôle of a purely imaginary external electric field. For small T and μ we find a typical massive Fermi gas behaviour for the fermion  density, whereas for large μ it shows chiral restoration by means of a vanishing effective fermion mass. Some similarities with the chiral properties of low-energy QCD at finite T and baryon chemical potential are discusse
On form-preserving transformations for the time-dependent Schrodinger equation

In this paper we point out a close connection between the Darboux transformation and the group of point transformations which preserve the form of the time-dependent Schroumldinger equation (TDSE). In our main result, we prove that any pair of time-dependent real potentials related by a Darboux transformation for the TDSE may be transformed by a suitable point transformation into a pair of time-independent potentials related by a usual Darboux transformation for the stationary Schroumldinger equation. Thus, any (real) potential solvable via a time-dependent Darboux transformation can alternatively be solved by applying an appropriate form-preserving point transformation of the TDSE to a time-independent potential. The pre-eminent role of the latter type of transformations in the solution of the TDSE is illustrated with a family of quasi-exactly solvable time-dependent anharmonic potentials
The windows for kinetically mixed Z ′-mediated dark matter and the galactic center gamma ray excess

One of the simplest hidden sectors with signatures in the visible sector is fermionic dark matter χ coupled to a Z ′ gauge boson that has purely kinetic mixing with the standard model hypercharge. We consider the combined constraints from relic density, direct detection and collider experiments on such models in which the dark matter is either a Dirac or a Majorana fermion. We point out sensitivity to details of the UV completion for the Majorana model. For kinetic mixing parameter ϵ ≤ 0 . 01, only relic density and direct detection are relevant, while for larger ϵ , electroweak precision, LHC dilepton, and missing energy constraints become important. We identify regions of the parameter space of m χ , m Z  ′ , dark gauge coupling and ϵ that are most promising for discovery through these experimental probes. We study the compatibility of the models with the galactic center gamma ray excess, finding agreement at the 2-3 σ level for the Dirac model
Remnants of black rings from gravity’s rainbow

In this paper, we investigate a spinning black ring and a charged black ring in the context of gravity’s rainbow. By incorporating rainbow functions proposed by AmelinoCamelia, et al. in [1, 2] in the metric of the black rings, a considerable modification happens to their thermodynamical properties. We calculate corrections to the temperature, entropy and heat capacity of the black rings. These calculations demonstrate that the behavior of Hawking radiation changes considerably near the Planck scale in gravity’s rainbow, where it is shown that black rings do not evaporate completely and a remnant is left as the black rings evaporate down to Planck scale
An application of transverse-momentum-dependent evolution equations in
  QCD

The properties and behaviour of the solutions of the recently obtained
$k_t$-dependent evolution equations are investigated. When used to reproduce
transverse momentum spectra of hadrons in Semi-Inclusive DIS, an encouraging
agreement with data is found. The present analysis also supports at the
phenomenological level the factorization properties of the Semi-Inclusive DIS
cross-sections in terms of $k_t$-dependent distributions. Further improvements
and possible developments of the proposed evolution equations are envisaged