pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Differential cross section and analysing power of the pp→{pp}sπ0 reaction at 353 MeV

AbstractThe differential cross section dσ/dΩ and analysing power Ay of the p→p→{pp}sπ0 reaction have been measured at COSY-ANKE at 353 MeV. The final proton pair was detected at very low excitation energy, leading to an S-wave diproton, denoted here as {pp}s. The angular dependence of both dσ/dΩ and Ay can be described in terms of s- and d-wave pion production. By using phase information from elastic pp scattering, unique solutions are derived for the corresponding amplitudes only as a result of the combined analysis of both experimental observables. The large d-wave term thus obtained is important for the tests of the current state-of-the-art chiral perturbation theory approach. The amplitudes will also help towards determining the isospin dependence of pion production in nucleon–nucleon collisions with diproton formation
E6 inspired SUSY benchmarks, dark matter relic density and a 125 GeV Higgs

AbstractWe explore the relic density of dark matter and the particle spectrum within a constrained version of an E6 inspired SUSY model with an extra U(1)N gauge symmetry. In this model a single exact custodial symmetry forbids tree-level flavor-changing transitions and the most dangerous baryon and lepton number violating operators. We present a set of benchmark points showing scenarios that have a SM-like Higgs mass of 125 GeV and sparticle masses above the LHC limits. They lead to striking new physics signatures which may be observed during run II of the LHC and can distinguish this model from the simplest SUSY extensions of the SM. At the same time these benchmark scenarios are consistent with the measured dark matter abundance and necessarily lead to large dark matter direct detection cross sections close to current limits and observable soon at the XENON1T experiment
Sus1, a Functional Component of the SAGA Histone Acetylase Complex and the Nuclear Pore-Associated mRNA Export Machinery

AbstractGene expression is a coordinated multistep process that begins with transcription and RNA processing in the nucleus followed by mRNA export to the cytoplasm for translation. Here we report the identification of a protein, Sus1, which functions in both transcription and mRNA export. Sus1 is a nuclear protein with a concentration at the nuclear pores. Biochemical analyses show that Sus1 interacts with SAGA, a large intranuclear histone acetylase complex involved in transcription initiation, and with the Sac3-Thp1 complex, which functions in mRNA export with specific nuclear pore proteins at the nuclear basket. DNA macroarray analysis revealed that Sus1 is required for transcription regulation. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that Sus1 is associated with the promoter of a SAGA-dependent gene during transcription activation. Finally, mRNA export is impaired in sus1 mutants. These data provide an unexpected connection between the SAGA histone acetylase complex and the mRNA export machinery
The Physical Activity 4 Everyone Cluster Randomized Trial 2-Year Outcomes of a School Physical Activity Intervention Among Adolescents

IntroductionFew interventions have been successful in reducing the physical activity decline typically observed among adolescents. The aim of this paper is to report the 24-month effectiveness of a multicomponent school-based intervention (Physical Activity 4 Everyone) in reducing the decline in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among secondary school students in disadvantaged areas of New South Wales, Australia.Study designA cluster RCT was conducted in five intervention and five control schools with follow-up measures taken at 24 months post-randomization.Setting/participantsThe trial was undertaken within secondary schools located in disadvantaged communities in New South Wales, Australia.InterventionA multicomponent school-based intervention based on the Health Promoting Schools Framework was implemented. The intervention consisted of seven physical activity promotion strategies that targeted the curriculum (teaching strategies to increase physical activity in physical education lessons, student physical activity plans, and modification of school sport program); school environment (recess/lunchtime activities, school physical activity policy); parents (parent newsletters); and community (community physical activity provider promotion). Six additional strategies supported school implementation of the physical activity intervention strategies.Main outcome measureMinutes per day spent in MVPA, objectively measured by accelerometer.ResultsParticipants (N=1,150, 49% male) were a cohort of students aged 12 years (Grade 7) at baseline (March–June 2012) and 14 years (Grade 9) at follow-up (March–July 2014). At 24-month follow-up, there were significant effects in favor of the intervention group for daily minutes of MVPA. The adjusted mean difference in change in daily MVPA between groups was 7.0 minutes (95% CI=2.7, 11.4, p<0.002) (analysis conducted December 2014–February 2015). Sensitivity analyses based on multiple imputation were consistent with the main analysis (6.0 minutes, 95% CI=0.6, 11.3, p<0.031).ConclusionsThe intervention was effective in increasing adolescents’ minutes of MVPA, suggesting that implementation of the intervention by disadvantaged schools has the potential to slow the decline in physical activity.Trial registrationAustralian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000382875
The Origin of Asymmetry: Early Polarisation of the Drosophila Germline Cyst and Oocyte

AbstractThe anterior–posterior axis of Drosophila is established before fertilisation when the oocyte becomes polarised to direct the localisation of bicoid and oskar mRNAs to opposite poles of the egg. Here we review recent results that reveal that the oocyte acquires polarity much earlier than previously thought, at the time when it acquires its fate. The oocyte arises from a 16-cell germline cyst, and its selection and the initial cue for its polarisation are controlled by the asymmetric segregation of a germline specific organelle called the fusome. Several different downstream pathways then interpret this asymmetry to restrict distinct aspects of oocyte identity to this cell. Mutations in any of the six conserved Par proteins disrupt the early polarisation of the oocyte and lead to a failure to maintain its identity. Surprisingly, mutations affecting the control of the mitotic or meiotic cell cycle also lead to a failure to maintain the oocyte fate, indicating crosstalk between the nuclear and cytoplasmic events of oocyte differentiation. The early polarity of the oocyte initiates a series of reciprocal signaling events between the oocyte and the somatic follicle cells that leads to a reversal of oocyte polarity later in oogenesis, which defines the anterior–posterior axis of the embryo
Dlg5 interacts with the TGF-β receptor and promotes its degradation

AbstractDiscs large homolog 5 (Dlg5) is a member of the membrane-associated guanylate kinase adaptor family of proteins and is involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of TGF-β signaling is unclear. We show here that Dlg5 interacts and colocalizes with both TGF-β type I (TβRI) and type II (TβRII) receptors at the plasma membrane. TβRI activation is not required for this interaction. Furthermore, the overexpression of Dlg5 enhances the degradation of TβRI. Proteasome inhibitors inhibited this enhanced degradation. These results suggest that Dlg5 interacts with TβRs and promotes their degradation
Functional renormalization group study of the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature and density in an external magnetic field

AbstractIn this study, we investigate the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model at finite temperature and finite density in an external magnetic field using the functional renormalization group. We investigate the dependence of the position of the ultraviolet fixed point (UVFP) of the four-Fermi coupling constant on the temperature, density, and external magnetic field, and we obtain the chiral phase structure. The UVFP at low temperature and finite chemical potential oscillates in a small external magnetic field, which can be interpreted as the de Haas–van Alphen effect. We also obtain phase diagrams with complex structures, where the phase boundary moves back and forth as the external magnetic field increases in the low temperature and high density region
Quantum magnonics: The magnon meets the superconducting qubit

AbstractThe techniques of microwave quantum optics are applied to collective spin excitations in a macroscopic sphere of a ferromagnetic insulator. We demonstrate, in the single-magnon limit, strong coupling between a magnetostatic mode in the sphere and a microwave cavity mode. Moreover, we introduce a superconducting qubit in the cavity and couple the qubit with the magnon excitation via the virtual photon excitation. We observe the magnon–vacuum-induced Rabi splitting. The hybrid quantum system enables generation and characterization of non-classical quantum states of magnons
Could the width of the diphoton anomaly signal a three-body decay?

AbstractThe recently observed diphoton anomaly at the LHC appears to suggest the presence of a rather broad resonance. In this note, it is pointed out that this broadness is not called for if the two photons are produced along with an extra state. Specifically, the diphoton invariant mass arising from various A→Bγγ processes, with A,B being scalars, fermions, or vectors, though peaked at a rather large value, would naturally be broad and could fit rather well the observed deviations. This interpretation has a number of advantages over the two-photon resonance hypothesis, for example with respect to the compatibility with the 8 TeV diphoton, dilepton or dijet searches, and opens many new routes for New Physics model construction
Noncommutative extension of AdS–CFT and holographic superconductors

AbstractIn this Letter, we consider a Non-Commutative (NC) extension of AdS–CFT correspondence and its effects on holographic superconductors. NC corrections are incorporated via the NC generalization of Schwarzschild black hole metric in AdS with the probe limit. We study NC effects on the relations connecting the charge density and the critical temperature of the Holographic Superconductors. Furthermore, condensation operator of the superconductor has been analyzed. Our results suggest that generically, NC effects increase the critical temperature of the holographic superconductor
Neutrino mass generation and singly charged leptonic exotics in WW events

AbstractCurrent measurement of leptonic WW is significantly higher than the standard model prediction which may accommodate new physics signal that mimics the leptonic decaying W. We investigate a TeV neutrino mass generation model that predicts singly charged leptonic exotics. The collider signature of this model may mimic the leptonic WW search and evade all other searches. With introduction of new SU(2)L doublet leptons, singly charged exotic leptons L± decay into L±→ℓ±ϕ where ϕ is a light singlet scalar of O(MeV) that decays into neutrinos. Drell–Yan production of L+L−→ℓ+ℓ−+E̸T fits leptonic WW searches and L±L0→ℓ±+E̸T is completely buried in SM background. In the case of direct lepton from L-decay instead of secondary decay from leptonic τ±, we find the lower mass bound as 125 GeV of such exotic leptons that can be accommodated by the current measurements of WW searches at the LHC. To derive the upper bound, we employ both heavy Higgs boson search of di-lepton plus E̸T final state and leptonic W′ search of single lepton plus E̸T. Even though heavy Higgs is excluded between 260 and 640 GeV, we find LHC data can still accommodate L between 150 and 300 GeV after giving up the ηℓℓ cut. Using the single W′ search bound, we can obtain an approximate upper bound as 300 GeV
Nuclear Proteomics Uncovers Diurnal Regulatory Landscapes in Mouse Liver

SummaryDiurnal oscillations of gene expression controlled by the circadian clock and its connected feeding rhythm enable organisms to coordinate their physiologies with daily environmental cycles. While available techniques yielded crucial insights into regulation at the transcriptional level, much less is known about temporally controlled functions within the nucleus and their regulation at the protein level. Here, we quantified the temporal nuclear accumulation of proteins and phosphoproteins from mouse liver by SILAC proteomics. We identified around 5,000 nuclear proteins, over 500 of which showed a diurnal accumulation. Parallel analysis of the nuclear phosphoproteome enabled the inference of the temporal activity of kinases accounting for rhythmic phosphorylation. Many identified rhythmic proteins were parts of nuclear complexes involved in transcriptional regulation, ribosome biogenesis, DNA repair, and the cell cycle and its potentially associated diurnal rhythm of hepatocyte polyploidy. Taken together, these findings provide unprecedented insights into the diurnal regulatory landscape of the mouse liver nucleus
The stau exchange contribution to muon g−2 in the decoupling solution

AbstractWe study the possibility that the lepton-flavor changing process can induce the suitable magnitude of the muon anomalous magnetic moment (gμ−2) in the decoupling solution to the flavor problem in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. Our analyses introduce the flavor mixings of left- and right-handed stau and smuon phenomenologically. It is found that if both the left- and right-handed sleptons have sizable flavor mixings, the correction to gμ−2 from the lighter slepton can reach to 10−9 while the correction to the branching ratio of τ→μγ satisfies the current experimental bound. On the other hand, when only the left-handed or right-handed sleptons have the large flavor mixing, the suitable magnitude of the correction to gμ−2 is not realized owing to the experimental bound of τ→μγ
N∗ electroproduction amplitudes in a model with dynamical confinement

AbstractThe Roper resonance is described in a chiral version of the chromodielectric model as a cluster of three quarks in radial–orbital configuration (1s)2(2s)1, surrounded by π- and σ-meson clouds and by a chromodielectric field which assures quark dynamical confinement. Radial profiles for all fields are determined self-consistently for each baryon. Transverse A1/2 and scalar S1/2 helicity amplitudes for the nucleon–Roper transition are calculated. The contribution of glueball and σ-meson vibrations is estimated; although small for N(1440), the σ contribution can be large for N(1710)
Superstring limit of Yang–Mills theories

AbstractIt was pointed out by Shifman and Yung that the critical superstring on X10=R4×Y6, where Y6 is the resolved conifold, appears as an effective theory for a U(2) Yang–Mills–Higgs system with four fundamental Higgs scalars defined on Σ2×R2, where Σ2 is a two-dimensional Lorentzian manifold. Their Yang–Mills model supports semilocal vortices on R2⊂Σ2×R2 with a moduli space X10. When the moduli of slowly moving thin vortices depend on the coordinates of Σ2, the vortex strings can be identified with critical fundamental strings. We show that similar results can be obtained for the low-energy limit of pure Yang–Mills theory on Σ2×Tp2, where Tp2 is a two-dimensional torus with a puncture p. The solitonic vortices of Shifman and Yung then get replaced by flat connections. Various ten-dimensional superstring target spaces can be obtained as moduli spaces of flat connections on Tp2, depending on the choice of the gauge group. The full Green–Schwarz sigma model requires extending the gauge group to a supergroup and augmenting the action with a topological term
Measurement of the cross-section for b-jets produced in association with a Z boson at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

AbstractA measurement is presented of the inclusive cross-section for b-jet production in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=7 TeV. The analysis uses the data sample collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 36 pb−1. The event selection requires a Z boson decaying into high pT electrons or muons, and at least one b-jet, identified by its displaced vertex, with transverse momentum pT>25 GeV and rapidity |y|<2.1. After subtraction of background processes, the yield is extracted from the vertex mass distribution of the candidate b-jets. The ratio of this cross-section to the inclusive Z cross-section (the average number of b-jets per Z event) is also measured. Both results are found to be in good agreement with perturbative QCD predictions at next-to-leading order
Intraepithelial neutrophils in pediatric severe asthma are associated with better lung function

BackgroundNeutrophils and IL-17A have been linked mechanistically in models of allergic airways disease and have been associated with asthma severity. However, their role in pediatric asthma is unknown.ObjectivesWe sought to investigate the role of neutrophils and the IL-17A pathway in mediating pediatric severe therapy-resistant asthma (STRA).MethodsChildren with STRA (n = 51; age, 12.6 years; range, 6-16.3 years) and controls without asthma (n = 15; age, 4.75 years; range, 1.6-16 years) underwent clinically indicated fiberoptic bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), endobronchial brushings, and biopsy. Neutrophils, IL-17A, and IL-17RA–expressing cells and levels of IL-17A and IL-22 were quantified in BAL and biopsies and related to clinical features. Primary bronchial epithelial cells were stimulated with IL-17A and/or IL-22, with and without budesonide.ResultsChildren with STRA had increased intraepithelial neutrophils, which positively correlated with FEV1 %predicted (r = 0.43; P = .008). Neutrophilhigh patients also had better symptom control, despite lower dose maintenance inhaled steroids. Submucosal neutrophils were not increased in children with STRA. Submucosal and epithelial IL-17A–positive cells and BAL IL-17A and IL-22 levels were similar in children with STRA and controls. However, there were significantly more IL-17RA–positive cells in the submucosa and epithelium in children with STRA compared with controls (P = .001). Stimulation of primary bronchial epithelial cells with IL-17A enhanced mRNA expression of IL-17RA and increased release of IL-8, even in the presence of budesonide.ConclusionsA proportion of children with STRA exhibit increased intraepithelial airway neutrophilia that correlated with better lung function. STRA was also characterized by increased airway IL-17RA expression. These data suggest a potential beneficial rather than adverse role for neutrophils in pediatric severe asthma pathophysiology
Sphere-level Ramond–Ramond couplings in Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz formalism

AbstractWe calculate in detail the sphere-level scattering amplitude of two Ramond–Ramond (RR) and two Neveu–Schwarz–Neveu–Schwarz (NSNS) vertex operators in type II superstring theories in Ramond–Neveu–Schwarz (RNS) formalism. We then compare the expansion of this amplitude at order α′3 with the eight-derivative couplings of the gravity and B-field that have been recently found based on S-dual and T-dual Ward identities. We find exact agreement. Moreover, using the above S-matrix element, we have found various couplings involving the dilaton field, and shown that they are also fully consistent with these Ward identities
Cold nuclear matter effects on J/ψ production: Intrinsic and extrinsic transverse momentum effects

AbstractCold nuclear matter effects on J/ψ production in proton–nucleus and nucleus–nucleus collisions are evaluated taking into account the specific J/ψ-production kinematics at the partonic level, the shadowing of the initial parton distributions and the absorption in the nuclear matter. We consider two different parton processes for the cc¯-pair production: one with collinear gluons and a recoiling gluon in the final state and the other with initial gluons carrying intrinsic transverse momentum. Our results are compared to RHIC observables. The smaller values of the nuclear modification factor RAA in the forward rapidity region (with respect to the mid rapidity region) are partially explained, therefore potentially reducing the need for recombination effects
Assessing Asthma Symptoms in Adolescents and Adults: Qualitative Research Supporting Development of the Asthma Daily Symptom Diary

AbstractBackgroundDespite the widespread availability of patient-reported asthma questionnaires, instruments developed in accordance with present regulatory expectations are lacking. To address this gap, the Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Consortium’s Asthma Working Group has developed a patient-reported asthma daily symptom diary (ADSD) for use in clinical research to assess outcomes and support medical product labeling claims in adults and adolescents with asthma.ObjectivesTo summarize the qualitative research conducted to inform the initial development of the ADSD and to provide evidence for content validity of the instrument in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration’s PRO Guidance.MethodsResearch informing the initial development and confirming the content validity of the ADSD is summarized. This comprised a review of published qualitative research, semi-structured concept elicitation interviews (n = 55), and cognitive interviews (n = 65) with a diverse and representative sample of adults and adolescents with a clinician-confirmed diagnosis of asthma in the United States to understand the asthma symptom experience and to assess the relevance and understanding of the newly developed ADSD.ResultsFrom the qualitative literature review and concept elicitation interviews, eight core asthma symptoms emerged. These were broadly categorized as breathing symptoms (difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, and wheezing), chest symptoms (chest tightness, chest pain, and pressure/weight on chest), and cough symptoms (cough and the presence of mucus/phlegm). Conceptual saturation was achieved and differences in the experience of participants according to socio-demographic or clinical characteristics were not observed. Subsequent testing of the ADSD confirmed participant relevance and understanding.ConclusionsThe ADSD is a new patient-reported asthma symptom diary developed in accordance with the Food and Drug Administration’s PRO Guidance. Evidence to date supports the content validity of the instrument. Item performance, reliability, and construct validity will be assessed in future quantitative research
Toward a reassessment of the 19F(p, α0)16O reaction rate at astrophysical temperatures

AbstractThe 19F(p, α0)16O reaction at low energies plays an important role in fundamental physics. In particular in nuclear astrophysics it represents, together with the 19F(p, γ)20Ne reaction, the crossing point between the CNO and the NeNa cycles in stars. Further, in hydrogen-rich stellar environments, it is the most important fluorine destruction channel. In this paper we report new measurements on the 19F(p, α0)16O reaction at deeply sub-Coulomb energies (0.2–0.6 MeV), a region where, despite the key role of this reaction, very few and old data are reported. The deduced astrophysical S-factor is ≈1.5–2 times larger than currently adopted extrapolations with possibly important astrophysical consequences