pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for low-scale gravity signatures in multi-jet final states with the ATLAS detector at √s=8  TeV

We search for evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model in the production of final states with multiple high transverse momentum jets, using 20.3 fb¯¹ of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at  √s=8  TeV. No excess of events beyond Standard Model expectations is observed, and upper limits on the visible cross-section for non-Standard Model production of multi-jet final states are set. Using a wide variety of models for black hole and string ball production and decay, the limit on the cross-section times acceptance is as low as 0.16 fb at the 95% CL for a minimum scalar sum of jet transverse momentum in the event of about 4.3 TeV. Using models for black hole and string ball production and decay, exclusion contours are determined as a function of the production mass threshold and the gravity scale. These limits can be interpreted in terms of lower-mass limits on black hole and string ball production that range from 4.6 to 6.2 TeV
Measurement of the top quark mass in the tt ̄   → dilepton channel from √s = 8 TeV ATLAS data

The top quark mass is measured in the  t¯t →dilepton channel (lepton=e,μlepton=e,μ) using ATLAS data recorded in the year 2012 at the LHC. The data were taken at a proton–proton centre-of-mass energy of √s=8 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of about 20.2 fb−1. Exploiting the template method, and using the distribution of invariant masses of lepton–b-jet pairs, the top quark mass is measured to be　mtop=172.99±0.41 (stat)±0.74 (syst) GeV, with a total uncertainty of 0.84 GeV0.84 GeV. Finally, a combination with previous ATLAS mtopm top measurements from √s=7 TeV data in the　t¯t →dilepton and t¯t →lepton+jets channels results in mtop=172.84±0.34 (stat)±0.61 (syst) GeV, with a total uncertainty of 0.70 GeV0.70 GeV
Generalized coorbit space theory and inhomogeneous function spaces of Besov–Lizorkin–Triebel type

AbstractCoorbit space theory is an abstract approach to function spaces and their atomic decompositions. The original theory developed by Feichtinger and Gröchenig in the late 1980ies heavily uses integrable representations of locally compact groups. Their theory covers, in particular, homogeneous Besov–Lizorkin–Triebel spaces, modulation spaces, Bergman spaces and the recent shearlet spaces. However, inhomogeneous Besov–Lizorkin–Triebel spaces cannot be covered by their group theoretical approach. Later it was recognized by Fornasier and Rauhut (2005) [24] that one may replace coherent states related to the group representation by more general abstract continuous frames. In the first part of the present paper we significantly extend this abstract generalized coorbit space theory to treat a wider variety of coorbit spaces. A unified approach towards atomic decompositions and Banach frames with new results for general coorbit spaces is presented. In the second part we apply the abstract setting to a specific framework and study coorbits of what we call Peetre spaces. They allow to recover inhomogeneous Besov–Lizorkin–Triebel spaces of various types of interest as coorbits. We obtain several old and new wavelet characterizations based on explicit smoothness, decay, and vanishing moment assumptions of the respective wavelet. As main examples we obtain results for weighted spaces (Muckenhoupt, doubling), general 2-microlocal spaces, Besov–Lizorkin–Triebel–Morrey spaces, spaces of dominating mixed smoothness and even mixtures of the mentioned ones. Due to the generality of our approach, there are many more examples of interest where the abstract coorbit space theory is applicable
Identification of an Agrin Mutation that Causes Congenital Myasthenia and Affects Synapse Function

We report the case of a congenital myasthenic syndrome due to a mutation in AGRN, the gene encoding agrin, an extracellular matrix molecule released by the nerve and critical for formation of the neuromuscular junction. Gene analysis identified a homozygous missense mutation, c.5125G>C, leading to the p.Gly1709Arg variant. The muscle-biopsy specimen showed a major disorganization of the neuromuscular junction, including changes in the nerve-terminal cytoskeleton and fragmentation of the synaptic gutters. Experiments performed in nonmuscle cells or in cultured C2C12 myotubes and using recombinant mini-agrin for the mutated and the wild-type forms showed that the mutated form did not impair the activation of MuSK or change the total number of induced acetylcholine receptor aggregates. A solid-phase assay using the dystrophin glycoprotein complex showed that the mutation did not affect the binding of agrin to α-dystroglycan. Injection of wild-type or mutated agrin into rat soleus muscle induced the formation of nonsynaptic acetylcholine receptor clusters, but the mutant protein specifically destabilized the endogenous neuromuscular junctions. Importantly, the changes observed in rat muscle injected with mutant agrin recapitulated the pre- and post-synaptic modifications observed in the patient. These results indicate that the mutation does not interfere with the ability of agrin to induce postsynaptic structures but that it dramatically perturbs the maintenance of the neuromuscular junction
Invariants for one-dimensional cohomology classes arising from TQFT

AbstractLet (V, Z) be a Topological Quantum Field Theory over a field f defined on a cobordism category whose morphisms are oriented n + 1-manifolds perhaps with extra structure (for example a p1 structure and banded link). Let (M, χ) be a closed oriented n + 1-manifold M with this extra structure together with χ ϵ H1(M). Suppose χ: H1(M) → Z is an epimorphism. Let M∞ denote the infinite cyclic cover of M given by χ. Consider a fundamental domain E for the action of the integers on M∞ bounded by lifts of a surface Σ dual to χ, and in general position. E can be viewed as a cobordism from Σ to itself. We give Turaev and Viro's proof of their theorem that the similarity class of the nonnilpotent part of Z(E) is an invariant. We give a method to calculate this invariant for the (Vp, Zp) theories of Blanchet, Habegger, Masbaum and Vogel when M is 0-framed surgery to S3 along a knot K. We give a formula for this invariant when K is a twisted double of another knot. We obtain formulas for the quantum invariants of branched covers of knots, and unbranched covers of 0-surgery to S3 along knots. We study periodicity among the quantum invariants of Brieskorn manifolds. We give an upper bound on the quantum invariants of branched covers of fibered knots. We also define finer invariants for pairs (M, χ) for TQFTs over Dedekind domains. We use these ideas to study isotopy invariants of banded links in S1 × S2
Evaluating the Efficiency of Leadership training Programmes in Spain

AbstractLeadership abilities, and especially social abilities related to emotional intelligence are key factors to team management and the performance increase it generates in companies. For this reason, leadership training is an essential part of development plans in organizations. Also applying learning to work place is equally important. Evaluating learning transfer is a critical condition in order to measure training results and to assess training efficacy within organizations. This article presents the results of an analysis of the factors affecting the transfer of the learning acquired within various leadership programs, in several Spanish companies, by means of the LTSI questionnaire developed by Holton and Bates (1998, 2000). The results show a clear intention to transfer learning, but a low level of support offered by the organization so as to enable trainees to apply learning. In addition, the trainees assessed exhibit an obvious lack of personal capacity to transfer what they learned
The B-ring’s surface mass density from hidden density waves: Less than meets the eye?

AbstractSaturn’s B ring is the most opaque ring in our Solar System, but many of its fundamental parameters, including its total mass, are not well constrained. Spiral density waves generated by mean-motion resonances with Saturn’s moons provide some of the best constraints on the rings’ mass density, but detecting and quantifying such waves in the B ring has been challenging because of this ring’s high opacity and abundant fine-scale structure. Using a wavelet-based analyses of 17 occultations of the star γ Crucis observed by the Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) onboard the Cassini spacecraft, we are able to examine five density waves in the B ring. Two of these waves are generated by the Janus 2:1 and Mimas 5:2 Inner Lindblad Resonances at 96,427 km and 101,311 km from Saturn’s center, respectively. Both of these waves can be detected in individual occultation profiles, but the multi-profile wavelet analysis reveals unexpected variations in the pattern speed of the Janus 2:1 wave that might arise from the periodic changes in Janus’ orbit. The other three wave signatures are associated with the Janus 3:2, Enceladus 3:1 and Pandora 3:2 Inner Lindblad Resonances at 115,959 km, 115,207 km and 108,546 km. These waves are not visible in individual profiles, but structures with the correct pattern speeds can be detected in appropriately phase-corrected average wavelets. Estimates of the ring’s surface mass density derived from these five waves fall between 40 and 140 g/cm2, even though the ring’s optical depth in these regions ranges from ∼1.5 to almost 5. This suggests that the total mass of the B ring is most likely between one-third and two-thirds the mass of Saturn’s moon Mimas
Pathways for Sustainable Technology Development – The Case of Bicycle Mobility in Berlin

AbstractSustainability requires that quality of life and resource consumption are harmonized. The use of sustainable technologies fosters their harmonization. A scenario based method has been developed for identifying sustainable technology systems on different levels of development and in different areas of human living. The developed method consists of four elements: the surrounding field scenarios, technology pool, sustainability assessment and system creation. They can be applied in various paths with different starting points. The two technology induced paths, emanating from either a system or a system element, enable the transformation of technological potentials into useful applications. The problem induced path, emanating from future framework conditions of an observed field, allows human needs to be satisfied trough technological potentials.The application shown in this paper illustrates the usage of the method's problem induced path in mobility as one area of human living. Based on three surrounding field scenarios for bicycle mobility in Berlin, technology systems for bicycle design, operation and their repair in self-help workshops are illustrated
Numerical modeling of 1D transient poroelastic waves in the low-frequency range

AbstractPropagation of transient mechanical waves in porous media is numerically investigated in 1D. The framework is the linear Biot model with frequency-independent coefficients. The coexistence of a propagating fast wave and a diffusive slow wave makes numerical modeling tricky. A method combining three numerical tools is proposed: a fourth-order ADER scheme with time-splitting to deal with the time-marching, a space–time mesh refinement to account for the small-scale evolution of the slow wave, and an interface method to enforce the jump conditions at interfaces. Comparisons with analytical solutions confirm the validity of this approach
Tumour necrosis factor gene complex polymorphisms in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

SummaryWe aimed to examine the role of tumour necrosis factor gene complex polymorphisms in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We hypothesized that individuals possessing polymorphic variants associated with higher tumour necrosis factor (TNF) secretion would be more susceptible to and/or have more severe disease.Patients with COPD and population controls underwent detailed clinical phenotyping. Genotyping for the tumour necrosis factor-308 and the lymphotoxin alpha NcoI (LTα polymorphisms was carried out by ‘blinded’ laboratory staff. Three hundred and sixty one individuals (220 cases and 141 controls) were recruited. We showed an association between the LTαNcol polymorphism and forced vital capacity (FVC) in a population of older adults with and without COPD. The LTαNcol*2 allele was associated with poorer lung function, under a codominant model, with a fall in FVC (expressed as a percentage of its predicted value) of 3.7% for each copy of the LTαNcol*2 allele possessed (for FVC, regression coefficient (95% CI)=−3.73(−7.01 to −0.44), P=0.026; for FEV1 regression coefficient=−3.56(−7.80 to 0.70), P=0.101. However, there was no difference in genotype distribution between the case and control populations.This study adds weight to the suggestion that the TNF gene complex is involved in physiological alterations (FVC) that may affect the development and severity of COPD. The absence of a significant association between the TNF gene-complex polymorphisms in this study does not rule out a modest effect of these polymorphisms on the risk of COPD, as much larger studies are needed to detect modest gene effects on binary disease endpoints
The role of the nucleon recoil in low-energy meson–nucleus reactions

AbstractThe role of the nucleon recoil corrections in low-energy meson–nucleus interactions is examined. We demonstrate explicitly when calculations within the static approximation are justified and when the recoil terms need to be kept explicitly in the propagators, depending on whether the S-wave two-nucleon intermediate state is Pauli blocked or not, while the meson is in flight. While the effect is studied in detail for πd scattering only, a large class of other reactions is discussed for which the findings are relevant as well
Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at s=8 TeV in events with a single lepton, large jet multiplicity, and multiple b jets

AbstractResults are reported from a search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, based on events with a single isolated lepton (electron or muon) and multiple jets, at least two of which are identified as b jets. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.3 fb−1recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2012. The search is motivated by supersymmetric models that involve strong-production processes and cascade decays of new particles. The resulting final states contain multiple jets as well as missing transverse momentum from weakly interacting particles. The event yields, observed across several kinematic regions, are consistent with the expectations from standard model processes. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified supersymmetric scenarios with pair production of gluinos, where each gluino decays to a top quark–antiquark pair and the lightest neutralino. For the case of decays via virtual top squarks, gluinos with a mass smaller than 1.26 TeV are excluded for low neutralino masses
Low dose chest CT protocol (50mAs) as a routine protocol for comprehensive assessment of intrathoracic abnormality

AbstractPurposeTo determine the diagnostic capability of low-dose CT (50mAs) in comparison to standard-dose CT (150mAs).Materials and methodsFifty-nine consecutive patients underwent two non-contrast chest CT scans with different current-time products (50 and 150mAs at 120kVp) on a 64-detector row CT scanner. Three board certified chest radiologists independently reviewed 118 series of 2mm-thick images (2 series for each of 59 patients) in a random order. The readers assessed abnormal findings including emphysema, ground-glass opacity, reticular opacity, micronodules, bronchiectasis, honeycomb, nodules (>5mm), aortic aneurysm, coronary artery calcification, pericardial and pleural effusion, pleural thickening, mediastinal tumor and lymph node enlargement. Five-point scale from 1 (definitely absent) to 5 (definitely present) was used to record the results. The rates of score agreement between two images were calculated. Deviation of one observer's score from other two observers was compared between low dose CT and standard dose CT.ResultsMean agreement rate of the lung parenchymal findings between low dose CT and standard dose CT images was 0.836 (range, 0.746–0.926). Mean agreement rates for mediastinal and pleural findings were 0.920 (range, 0.735–1.000). There was no statistically significant difference in the deviation of the observers' scores between low-dose CT and standard-dose CT.ConclusionLow dose CT protocol at 50mAs can produce the screening results consistent with standard dose CT protocol (150mAs), supporting routine use of low dose chest CT protocol
A γγ collider for the 750 GeV resonant state

AbstractRecent data collected by ATLAS and CMS at 13 TeV collision energy of the LHC indicate the existence of a new resonant state ϕ with a mass of 750 GeV decaying into two photons γγ. The properties of ϕ should be studied further at the LHC and also future colliders. Since only ϕ→γγ decay channel has been measured, one of the best ways to extract more information about ϕ is to use a γγ collider to produce ϕ at the resonant energy. In this work we show how a γγ collider helps to verify the existence of ϕ and to provide some of the most important information about the properties of ϕ, such as branching fractions of ϕ→V1V2. Here Vi can be γ, Z, or W±. We also show that by studying angular distributions of the final γ's in γγ→ϕ→γγ, one can obtain crucial information about whether this state is a spin-0 or a spin-2 state
Holographic entanglement entropy in metal/superconductor phase transition with Born–Infeld electrodynamics

AbstractWe investigate the holographic entanglement entropy in the metal/superconductor phase transition for the Born–Infeld electrodynamics with full backreaction and note that the entropy is a good probe to study the properties of the phase transition. For the operator 〈O−〉, we find that the entanglement entropy decreases (or increases) with the increase of the Born–Infeld parameter b in the metal (or superconducting) phase. For the operator 〈O+〉, we observe that, with the increase of the Born–Infeld parameter, the entanglement entropy in the metal phase decreases monotonously but the entropy in the superconducting phase first increases and forms a peak at some threshold bT, then decreases continuously. Moreover, the value of bT becomes smaller as the width of the subsystem A decreases
Liver fibrosis in treatment-naïve HIV-infected and HIV/HBV co-infected patients: Zambia and Switzerland compared

SummaryObjectiveTo examine the association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients in Zambia and Switzerland.MethodsHIV-infected adults starting antiretroviral therapy in two clinics in Zambia and Switzerland were included. Liver fibrosis was evaluated using the aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet-ratio index (APRI), with a ratio >1.5 defining significant fibrosis and a ratio >2.0 indicating cirrhosis. The association between hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity, HBV replication, and liver fibrosis was examined using logistic regression.ResultsIn Zambia, 96 (13.0%) of 739 patients were HBsAg-positive compared to 93 (4.5%) of 2058 in Switzerland. HBsAg-positive patients were more likely to have significant liver fibrosis than HBsAg-negative ones: the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) was 3.25 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.44–7.33) in Zambia and 2.50 (95% CI 1.19–5.25) in Switzerland. Patients with a high HBV viral load (≥20000 IU/ml) were more likely to have significant liver fibrosis compared to HBsAg-negative patients or patients with an undetectable viral load: aOR 3.85 (95% CI 1.29–11.44) in Zambia and 4.20 (95% CI 1.64–10.76) in Switzerland. In both settings, male sex was a strong risk factor for significant liver fibrosis.ConclusionsDespite the differences in HBV natural history between Sub-Saharan Africa and Europe, the degree of liver fibrosis and the association with important risk factors were similar
A great thermal divergence in the mantle beginning 2.5 Ga: Geochemical constraints from greenstone basalts and komatiites

AbstractGreenstone basalts and komatiites provide a means to track both mantle composition and magma generation temperature with time. Four types of mantle are characterized from incompatible element distributions in basalts and komatiites: depleted, hydrated, enriched and mantle from which komatiites are derived. Our most important observation is the recognition for the first time of what we refer to as a Great Thermal Divergence within the mantle beginning near the end of the Archean, which we ascribe to thermal and convective evolution. Prior to 2.5 Ga, depleted and enriched mantle have indistinguishable thermal histories, whereas at 2.5–2.0 Ga a divergence in mantle magma generation temperature begins between these two types of mantle. Major and incompatible element distributions and calculated magma generation temperatures suggest that Archean enriched mantle did not come from mantle plumes, but was part of an undifferentiated or well-mixed mantle similar in composition to calculated primitive mantle. During this time, however, high-temperature mantle plumes from dominantly depleted sources gave rise to komatiites and associated basalts. Recycling of oceanic crust into the deep mantle after the Archean may have contributed to enrichment of Ti, Al, Ca and Na in basalts derived from enriched mantle sources. After 2.5 Ga, increases in Mg# in basalts from depleted mantle and decreases in Fe and Mn reflect some combination of growing depletion and cooling of depleted mantle with time. A delay in cooling of depleted mantle until after the Archean probably reflects a combination of greater radiogenic heat sources in the Archean mantle and the propagation of plate tectonics after 3 Ga
Holographic paramagnetism–ferromagnetism phase transition with the nonlinear electrodynamics

AbstractIn the probe limit, we investigate the nonlinear electrodynamical effects of the both exponential form and the logarithmic form on the holographic paramagnetism–ferromagnetism phase transition in the background of a Schwarzschild-AdS black hole spacetime. Moreover, by comparing the exponential form of nonlinear electrodynamics with the logarithmic form of nonlinear electrodynamics and the Born–Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics which has been presented in Ref. [55], we find that the higher nonlinear electrodynamics correction makes the critical temperature smaller and the magnetic moment harder form in the case without external field. Furthermore, the increase of nonlinear parameter b will result in extending the period of the external magnetic field. Especially, the effect of the exponential form of nonlinear electrodynamics on the periodicity of hysteresis loop is more noticeable
Next-to-leading order QCD predictions for top-quark pair production with up to two jets merged with a parton shower

AbstractWe present differential cross sections for the production of top-quark pairs in conjunction with up to two jets, computed at next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD and consistently merged with a parton shower in the Sherpa+OpenLoops framework. Top quark decays including spin correlation effects are taken into account at leading order accuracy. The calculation yields a unified description of top-pair plus multi-jet production, and detailed results are presented for various key observables at the Large Hadron Collider. A large improvement with respect to the multi-jet merging approach at leading order is found for the total transverse energy spectrum, which plays a prominent role in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model