pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for pair-produced long-lived neutral particles decaying to jets in the ATLAS hadronic calorimeter in pp collisions at s=8 TeV

AbstractThe ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN is used to search for the decay of a scalar boson to a pair of long-lived particles, neutral under the Standard Model gauge group, in 20.3 fb−1 of data collected in proton–proton collisions at s=8 TeV. This search is sensitive to long-lived particles that decay to Standard Model particles producing jets at the outer edge of the ATLAS electromagnetic calorimeter or inside the hadronic calorimeter. No significant excess of events is observed. Limits are reported on the product of the scalar boson production cross section times branching ratio into long-lived neutral particles as a function of the proper lifetime of the particles. Limits are reported for boson masses from 100 GeV to 900 GeV, and a long-lived neutral particle mass from 10 GeV to 150 GeV
Spectral properties of quarks above Tc in quenched lattice QCD

AbstractWe analyze the quark spectral function above the critical temperature for deconfinement in quenched lattice QCD using clover improved Wilson fermions in Landau gauge. We show that the temporal quark correlator is well reproduced by a two-pole approximation for the spectral function and analyze the bare quark mass dependence of both poles as well as their residues. In the chiral limit we find that the quark spectral function has two collective modes which correspond to the normal and plasmino excitations. At large values of the bare quark mass the spectral function is dominated by a single pole
Subleading shape functions and the determination of |Vub|

AbstractIt is argued that the dominant subleading shape-function contributions to the endpoint region of the charged-lepton energy spectrum in B→Xulν decays can be related in a model-independent way to an integral over the B→Xsγ photon spectrum. The square root of the fraction of B→Xulν events with charged-lepton energy above E0=2.2 GeV can be calculated with a residual theoretical uncertainty from subleading shape-function effects that is safely below the 10% level. These effects have therefore a minor impact on the determination of |Vub|
Higgs couplings and new signals from Flavon–Higgs mixing effects within multi-scalar models

AbstractTesting the properties of the Higgs particle discovered at the LHC and searching for new physics signals, are some of the most important tasks of Particle Physics today. Current measurements of the Higgs couplings to fermions and gauge bosons, seem consistent with the Standard Model, and when taken as a function of the particle mass, should lay on a single line. However, in models with an extended Higgs sector the diagonal Higgs couplings to up-quarks, down-quarks and charged leptons, could lay on different lines, while non-diagonal flavor-violating Higgs couplings could appear too. We describe these possibilities within the context of multi-Higgs doublet models that employ the Froggatt–Nielsen (FN) mechanism to generate the Yukawa hierarchies. Furthermore, one of the doublets can be chosen to be of the inert type, which provides a viable dark matter candidate. The mixing of the Higgs doublets with the flavon field, can provide plenty of interesting signals, including: i) small corrections to the couplings of the SM-like Higgs, ii) exotic signals from the flavon fields, iii) new signatures from the heavy Higgs bosons. These aspects are studied within a specific model with 3+1 Higgs doublets and a singlet FN field. Constraints on the model are derived from the study of K and D mixing and the Higgs search at the LHC. For last, the implications from the latter aforementioned constraints to the FCNC top decay t→ch are presented too
Health Assessment Questionnaire disability progression in early rheumatoid arthritis: Systematic review and analysis of two inception cohorts

AbstractObjectiveThe Health Assessment Questionnaire is widely used for patients with inflammatory polyarthritis (IP) and its subset, rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we evaluated the progression of HAQ scores in RA (i) by systematically reviewing the published literature on the methods used to assess changes in functional disability over time and (ii) to study in detail HAQ progression in two large prospective observational studies from the UK.MethodsData from two large inception cohorts, ERAS and NOAR, were studied to determine trajectories of HAQ progression over time by applying latent class growth models (LCGMs) to each dataset separately. Age, sex, baseline DAS28, symptom duration, rheumatoid factor, fulfilment of the 1987 ACR criteria and socio-economic status (SES) were included as potential predictors of HAQ trajectory subgroup membership.ResultsThe literature search identified 49 studies showing that HAQ progression has mainly been based on average changes in the total study population. In the HAQ progression study, a LCGM with four HAQ trajectory subgroups was selected as providing the best fit in both cohorts. In both the cohorts, older age, female sex, longer symptom duration, fulfilment of the 1987 ACR criteria, higher DAS28 and lower SES were associated with increased likelihood of membership of subgroups with worse HAQ progression.ConclusionFour distinct HAQ trajectory subgroups were derived from the ERAS and NOAR cohorts. The fact that the subgroups identified were nearly identical supports their validity. Identifying distinct groups of patients who are at risk of poor functional outcome may help to target therapy to those who are most likely to benefit
RBF-DQ method for solving non-linear differential equations of Lane-Emden type

AbstractThe Lane-Emden type equations are employed in the modeling of several phenomena in the areas of mathematical physics and astrophysics. In this paper, a new numerical method is applied to investigate some well-known classes of Lane-Emden type equations which are non-linear ordinary differential equations on the semi-infinite domain [0,∞). We will apply a meshless method based on radial basis function differential quadrature (RBF-DQ) method. In RBFs-DQ, the derivative value of function with respect to a point is directly approximated by a linear combination of all functional values in the global domain. The main aim of this method is the determination of weight coefficients. Here, we concentrate on Gaussian (GS) as a radial function for approximating the solution of the mentioned equation. The comparison of the results with the other numerical methods shows the efficiency and accuracy of this method
Thermal Casimir effect in Kerr space–time

AbstractWe investigate the thermal Casimir effect of a massless scalar field for two parallel plates moving in the equatorial orbit in Kerr space–time. Under the assumption that the typical cavity size is much smaller than the orbital radius, proposed by Sorge, we deduce the analytical expression of the renormalized free energy in this curved space–time. We also get the analytical representation for the renormalized internal energy, and find that there is a thermal correction to the Casimir energy, which depends on the proper temperature and the proper geometrical parameters of the plates. The asymptotic behavior of the Casimir free energy, entropy and internal energy at low temperature is also investigated
Measurement of subjet multiplicities in neutral current deep inelastic scattering at HERA and determination of αs

AbstractThe subjet multiplicity has been measured in neutral current e+p interactions at Q2>125 GeV2 with the ZEUS detector at HERA using an integrated luminosity of 38.6 pb−1. Jets were identified in the laboratory frame using the longitudinally invariant kT cluster algorithm. The number of jet-like substructures within jets, known as the subjet multiplicity, is defined as the number of clusters resolved in a jet by reapplying the jet algorithm at a smaller resolution scale ycut. Measurements of the mean subjet multiplicity, 〈nsbj〉, for jets with transverse energies ET,jet>15 GeV are presented. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations describe the measurements well. The value of αs(MZ), determined from 〈nsbj〉 at ycut=10−2 for jets with 25<ET,jet<71 GeV, is αs(MZ)=0.1187±0.0017(stat.)+0.0024−0.0009(syst.)+0.0093−0.0076(th.)
Towards a q-analogue of the Kibble–Slepian formula in 3 dimensions

AbstractWe study a generalization of the Kibble–Slepian (KS) expansion formula in 3 dimensions. The generalization is obtained by replacing the Hermite polynomials by the q-Hermite ones. If such a replacement would lead to non-negativity for all allowed values of parameters and for all values of variables ranging over certain Cartesian product of compact intervals then we would deal with a generalization of the 3-dimensional Normal distribution. We show that this is not the case. Nevertheless we indicate other applications of so-generalized KS formula. Namely we use it to sum certain kernels built of the Al-Salam–Chihara polynomials for the cases that were not considered by other authors. One of such kernels sums up to the Askey–Wilson density disclosing its new, interesting properties. In particular we are able to obtain a generalization of the 2-dimensional Poisson–Mehler formula. We also pose several open questions
Common skin infection due to Panton–Valentine leucocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus strains in asylum seekers from Eritrea: a genome-based investigation of a suspected outbreak

AbstractSince late 2014, multiple cases of abscesses and boils due to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) expressing the Panton–Valentine leucocidin (PVL) were observed in Eritrean asylum seekers in Lausanne, Switzerland. Strains isolated from infected Eritrean and non-Eritrean patients were compared by whole genome sequencing to determine whether these numerous cases result from an outbreak. The genome of S. aureus PVL-producing strains were sequenced and compared. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients infected by PVL-producing strains were investigated. This work reports 15 cases of infections due to PVL-producing strains affecting mostly asylum seekers (n = 10), people working with refugees and/or exposed to Africans (n = 3). Most infections were due to closely related strains of CC152 (n = 8) and CC15 (n = 3), two distantly related (>34 000 core single nucleotide polymorphisms) clonal complexes. An epidemiological link between the 15 cases could be ruled out by whole genome sequencing (33 to 172 core single nucleotide polymorphisms between the different strains of a given complex). Altogether, these results reflect the probable high incidence of CC15 and CC152 PVL-producing strains in eastern Africa. Clinicians facing unusual skin infections in African refugees (or in any person returning from this region of high endemicity) should consider S. aureus PVL-producer before suspecting rare infections such as leishmaniasis or rickettsiosis. Clinicians should also remember that PVL are frequently expressed by MSSA in some regions of the world and that antibiotics that are efficient on toxin expression, such as clindamycin, represent the best therapeutic option
A geospatial framework to support integrated biogeochemical modelling in the United Kingdom

AbstractAnthropogenic impacts on the aquatic environment, especially in the context of nutrients, provide a major challenge for water resource management. The heterogeneous nature of policy relevant management units (e.g. catchments), in terms of environmental controls on nutrient source and transport, leads to the need for holistic management. However, current strategies are limited by current understanding and knowledge that is transferable between spatial scales and landscape typologies. This study presents a spatially-explicit framework to support the modelling of nutrients from land to water, encompassing environmental and spatial complexities. The framework recognises nine homogeneous landscape units, distinct in terms of sensitivity of nutrient losses to waterbodies. The functionality of the framework is demonstrated by supporting an exemplar nutrient model, applied within the Environmental Virtual Observatory pilot (EVOp) cloud cyber-infrastructure. We demonstrate scope for the use of the framework as a management decision support tool and for further development of integrated biogeochemical modelling
Insulin acutely improves mitochondrial function of rat and human skeletal muscle by increasing coupling efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation

AbstractInsulin is essential for the regulation of fuel metabolism and triggers the uptake of glucose by skeletal muscle. The imported glucose is either stored or broken down, as insulin stimulates glycogenesis and ATP synthesis. The mechanism by which ATP production is increased is incompletely understood at present and, generally, relatively little functional information is available on the effect of insulin on mitochondrial function. In this paper we have exploited extracellular flux technology to investigate insulin effects on the bioenergetics of rat (L6) and human skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotubes. We demonstrate that a 20-min insulin exposure significantly increases (i) the cell respiratory control ratio, (ii) the coupling efficiency of oxidative phosphorylation, and (iii) the glucose sensitivity of anaerobic glycolysis. The improvement of mitochondrial function is explained by an insulin-induced immediate decrease of mitochondrial proton leak. Palmitate exposure annuls the beneficial mitochondrial effects of insulin. Our data improve the mechanistic understanding of insulin-stimulated ATP synthesis, and reveal a hitherto undisclosed insulin sensitivity of cellular bioenergetics that suggests a novel way of detecting insulin responsiveness of cells
Cross-regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism via ChREBP and nuclear receptors

AbstractThere is a worldwide epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes, two major public health concerns associated with alterations in both insulin and glucose signaling pathways. Glucose is not only an energy source but also controls the expression of key genes involved in energetic metabolism, through the glucose-signaling transcription factor, Carbohydrate Responsive Element Binding Protein (ChREBP). ChREBP has emerged as a central regulator of de novo fatty acid synthesis (lipogenesis) in response to glucose under both physiological and physiopathological conditions. Glucose activates ChREBP by regulating its entry from the cytosol to the nucleus, thereby promoting its binding to carbohydrate responsive element (ChoRE) in the promoter regions of glycolytic (L-PK) and lipogenic genes (ACC and FAS). We have previously reported that the inhibition of ChREBP in liver of obese ob/ob mice improves the metabolic alterations linked to obesity, fatty liver and insulin-resistance. Therefore, regulating ChREBP activity could be an attractive target for lipid-lowering therapies in obesity and diabetes. However, before this is possible, a better understanding of the mechanism(s) regulating its activity is needed. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the role and regulation of ChREBP and particularly emphasize on the cross-regulations that may exist between key nuclear receptors (LXR, TR, HNF4α) and ChREBP for the control of hepatic glucose metabolism. These novel molecular cross-talks may open the way to new pharmacological opportunities. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Translating nuclear receptors from health to disease
The human papillomavirus type 11 E1^E4 protein is not essential for viral genome amplification

AbstractAn abundant human papillomavirus (HPV) protein E1^E4 is expressed late in the virus life cycle in the terminally differentiated layers of epithelia. The expression of E1^E4 usually coincides with the onset of viral DNA amplification. However, the function of E1^E4 in viral life cycle is not completely understood. To examine the role of E1^E4 in the virus life cycle, we introduced a single nucleotide change in the HPV-11 genome to result in a truncation of E1^E4 protein without affecting the E2 amino acid sequence. This mutated HPV-11 genome was introduced into a human foreskin keratinocyte cell line immortalized by the catalytic subunit of human telomerase, deficient in p16INK4a expression, and previously shown to support the HPV-11 life cycle when grown in organotypic raft culture. We have demonstrated that E1^E4 is dispensable for HPV-11 viral DNA amplification in the late stages of the viral life cycle
Explicit computation of the electrostatic energy for an elliptical charged disc

AbstractThis letter describes a method for obtaining an explicit expression for the electrostatic energy of a charged elliptical infinitely thin disc. The charge distribution is assumed to be polynomial. Such explicit values for this energy are fundamental for assessing the accuracy of boundary element codes. The main tools used are an extension of Copson’s method and a diagonalization, given by Leppington and Levine, of the single-layer potential operator associated with the electrostatic potential created by a distribution of charges on the elliptical disc
B0–B¯0 mixing in supersymmetry with gauged baryon and lepton numbers

AbstractWe perform an analysis on B0–B¯0 mixing in the extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model where baryon and lepton numbers are local gauge symmetries (BLMSSM) by using the effective Hamiltonian method. And the constraint of a 125 GeV Higgs to the parameter space has also been considered. The numerical results indicate that the contributions of the extra particles can be sizeable in B0–B¯0 mixing. For certain parameter sets, the theoretical prediction of mass differences ΔmB agrees with the current experimental result. Furthermore, B0–B¯0 mixing in the BLMSSM can preliminarily constrain the parameter space. With the development of more precise theoretical analysis and experimental determinations, the B0–B¯0 mixing in the BLMSSM will have a clearer picture and the parameter space in this model will also be further constrained
Immunoexpression of aromatase and estrogen receptors β in stem spermatogonia of bullfrogs indicates a role of estrogen in the seasonal spermatogonial mitotic activity

AbstractBullfrog stem spermatogonia, also named primordial germ cells (PGCs), show strong testosterone immunolabeling in winter, but no or weak testosterone immunoexpression in summer. Thus, the role of testosterone in these cells needs to be clarified. In this study, we proposed to evaluate whether PGCs express aromatase and estrogen receptors, and verify a possible role of estrogen in PGCs seasonal proliferation. Testes of male adult bullfrogs, collected in winter (WG) and summer (SG), were fixed and embedded in historesin, for quantitative analysis, or paraffin for immunohistochemistry (IHC). The number of haematoxylin/eosin stained PGCs/lobular area was obtained. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), aromatase, estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and PCNA/ERβ double immunolabeling were detected by IHC. The number of PCNA-positive PGCs and the histological score (HSCORE) of aromatase and ERβ immunolabeled PGCs were obtained. Although the number of PGCs increased significantly in WG, a high number of PCNA-positive PGCs was observed in summer. Moreover, aromatase and ERβ HSCORE was higher in SG than WG. The results indicate that PGCs express a seasonal proliferative activity; the low mitotic activity in winter is related to the maximal limit of germ cells which can be supported in the large lobules. In SG, the increased ERβ and aromatase HSCORE suggests that testosterone is converted into estrogen from winter to summer. Moreover, the parallelism between the high PGCs mitotic activity and ERβ immunoexpression suggest a participation of estrogen in the control of the PGCs seasonal proliferative activity which guarantee the formation of new germ cysts from summer to next autumn
Heavy quark parameters and |Vcb| from spectral moments in semileptonic B decays

AbstractWe extract the heavy quark masses and non-perturbative parameters from the Delphi preliminary measurements of the first three moments of the charged lepton energy and hadronic mass distributions in semileptonic B decays, using a multi-parameter fit. We adopt two formalisms, one of which does not rely on a 1/mc expansion and makes use of running quark masses. The data are consistent and the level of accuracy of the experimental inputs largely determines the present sensitivity. The results allow to improve on the uncertainty in the extraction of |Vcb|
Ruminative self-focus, negative life events, and negative affect

AbstractRuminative thinking is believed to exacerbate the psychological distress that follows stressful life events. An experience-sampling study was conducted in which participants recorded negative life events, ruminative self-focus, and negative affect eight times daily over one week. Occasions when participants reported a negative event were marked by higher levels of negative affect. Additionally, negative events were prospectively associated with higher levels of negative affect at the next sampling occasion, and this relationship was partially mediated by momentary ruminative self-focus. Depressive symptoms were associated with more frequent negative events, but not with increased reactivity to negative events. Trait rumination was associated with reports of more severe negative events and increased reactivity to negative events. These results suggest that the extent to which a person engages in ruminative self-focus after everyday stressors is an important determinant of the degree of distress experienced after such events. Further, dispositional measures of rumination predict mood reactivity to everyday stressors in a non-clinical sample
Achieving success in clinically based research : the importance of mentoring

Within the professions of radiation therapy and medical imaging, clinician led research activity is becoming more prevalent. However, more is needed. A key component of continuing to develop professional groups who are both research active and producing high quality clinical research, is research mentoring. The authors of this paper share a common interest in enhancing research capacity through research mentoring within the health workforce, and came together to run a workshop on this issue at the 11th Annual Scientific Meeting of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy (ASMMIRT 2016) conference in Brisbane. Theory, clinical insights and issues regarding research mentoring were raised in the workshop as were the benefits of having dedicated research positions embedded within the health workforce to help provide support and build capacity. Key elements from this workshop are shared within this article, with the objective to encourage clinicians and clinical researchers to invest the time and effort into seeking and providing good quality research mentoring. A single service example is used to demonstrate how this can lead to enhanced research engagement and productivity
Studies of global and local entanglements of individual protein chains
  using the concept of knotoids

We study here global and local entanglements of open protein chains by
implementing the concept of knotoids. Knotoids have been introduced in 2012 by
Vladimir Turaev as a generalization of knots in 3-dimensional space. More
precisely, knotoids are diagrams representing projections of open curves in 3D
space, in contrast to knot diagrams which represent projections of closed
curves in 3D space. The intrinsic difference with classical knot theory is that
the generalization provided by knotoids admits non-trivial topological
entanglement of the open curves provided that their geometry is frozen as it is
the case for crystallized proteins. Consequently, our approach doesn't require
the closure of chains into loops which implies that the geometry of analysed
chains does not need to be changed by closure in order to characterize their
topology. Our study revealed that the knotoid approach detects protein regions
that were classified earlier as knotted and also new, topologically interesting
regions that we classify as pre-knotted.Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures with Supplementary Informatio