pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Organisational communication management during the Volkswagen diesel emissions scandal: A hermeneutic study in attribution, crisis management, and information orientation

The discovery in September 2015 of diesel emissions software cheat technology in Volkswagen (VW) cars initiated a process of organisational crisis management and damage limitation by VW, reflected in the contemporaneous intensive production of public information statements, including press releases, statements to shareholders and investors, and transcripts of oral evidence. Through taking stock of a selection of these public information statements, this article examines the organisational communication management strategies employed to respond to the crisis situation, making an integrated use of attribution, crisis management, and information orientation theories as an interpretive lens. An interpretivist, hermeneutic approach was used to carry out qualitative content analysis on selected statements issued by VW. The analysis reveals that there is a connection between statements relating to attribution and statements relating to information orientation, at the time of the crisis and in preparing future action. Priorities for action form part of the overall crisis management and image restoration approach. Proposed changes in information orientation constitute a key dimension of the company's public response to mitigate the offensiveness of the crisis. The analysis performed demonstrates the applicability of the proposed integration of attribution, crisis management, image restoration, and information orientation theories to better understand and explain how large corporations respond publicly to organisational crisis episodes, more specifically the ways in which attributions, crisis management, and image restoration strategies are related to aspects of information orientation as both components and consequences of the crisis
Local enterprise partnerships: Socialisation practices enabling business collective action in regional knowledge networks

This article identifies and theorises the interorganisational socialisation mechanisms that facilitatethe knowledge dynamic capabilities of organisations brought together within the applied contextof a U.K. Local Enterprise Partnership. Focusing on the Sheffield City Region's Creative and Dig-ital Industries Sector Group, the data for this study were messages posted to the Creative andDigital Industries Sector Group's online consultation platform. Data analysis proceeded throughinductive thematic analysis. It is revealed that collaborative workspaces, business networksresources, and pathways to internationalisation are perceived to play an important role in facili-tating interorganisational learning. These knowledge socialisation mechanisms are essential toavoid regional competency traps. The article identifies and discusses knowledge socialisationmechanisms that are perceived to play a key role in transferring knowledge between membersof the regional system of innovation. In identifying and discussing knowledge socialisation mech-anisms, this paper offers knowledge management theorists and practitioners—more specifically,regional knowledge brokers and regional development managers—actionable insight into a rangeof strategies that reinforce social ties and increase the flow of knowledge with a view to improv-ing innovation outcomes
Strategic processes @ Nike—making and doing knowledge management

A case study using primary and secondary data from Nike Incorporated to  illuminate the intricate relationship between learning, strategy and creativity and the need to embed these within a large organisation as the basis for successful knowledge managementThis paper contrasts theory with practice through a case study of strategic processes of knowledge management (KM) at Nike Incorporated. From its origins as a small specialist enterprise in 1972 to a multi-billion dollar global brand, the corporation has been continuously at the forefront of developments in management practice and business innovation. This case study has been compiled from interviews with senior managers and numerous secondary sources. The paper begins with a discussion of an insider perspective on the trajectory of the organization in terms of its strategic goals and decisions on markets, customers, products, services and business\ud
processes. It then goes on to explore and critique the dynamic interplay of the processes of strategizing, learning, creativity and innovation at Nike as the basis for its knowledge-based\ud
competitive advantage (CA). The case thus represents KM as a unique combination of processes in which learning; strategy and creativity are organized and strategically embedded within a large global organization. This has implications for future theorizing in KM, which, as we illustrate in this paper, demands a more integrative approach to research and practice. One of the key lessons for practice is that span of activity, as well as strategy, will inﬂuence the relationship between strategizing, organizing and learning and this interplay determines the success (or failure) of KM
Knowledge Worker Roles and Actions - Results of Two Empirical Studies

Reinhardt, W., Schmidt, B., Sloep, P. B., & Drachsler, H. (2011). Knowledge Worker Roles and Actions - Results of Two Empirical Studies. Knowledge and Process Management, 18(3), 150–174. doi: 10.1002/kpm.378 Online: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/kpm.378/abstractThis paper proposes a typology of knowledge workers and their respective knowledge actions. The extant literature on the definition of knowledge work actions is examined and evaluated. The existing classifications of roles of knowledge workers are evaluated and extended with additional literature and empirical findings definition of a typology of knowledge worker roles. The empirical data in this paper comes from two studies. In the Task Execution Study 20 knowledge worker had to carry out a selection of prepared tasks. The computer system that the participants were using was equipped with sensors, so the execution steps of the tasks could be traced and analyzed. The data from the second study comes from a questionnaire survey of knowledge workers, which yielded 43 responses. The paper shows that the sampled users take on all identified knowledge worker roles and that the knowledge work actions can be recognized in the sensor data from the first study. This paper contributes to the literature by proposing a new way of classifying the roles of knowledge workers and the knowledge actions they perform during their daily work. Furthermore, the paper provides a preliminary understanding of the relation between knowledge-intense work tasks, the roles they are executed in and the tools that are used to accomplish the respective tasks.The work presented in this paper has been partly funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research under grant no. 01IA08006
From skills and competencies to outcome-based collaborative work : tracking a decade's development of personal knowledge management (PKM) models

In the area of knowledge management, existing and past research has tended to focus on the enterprise level. The topic of personal knowledge management (PKM) has only seen growth recently although PKM is not new, as our ancestors sought ways to learn better and to improve their knowledge. However, there are very little empirical researches, or significant conceptual development has been done with PKM, and there is lacking paper to evaluate the previous PKM literatures. This paper aims to provide a critical review of the published literature related to PKM and the PKM models. From the previous literatures, it is clear that PKM is playing an important role at individual, organization, and social level. PKM has evolved from mere individual activities to something that are more outcome/impact oriented; from information handling skills to personal competencies, sense making, and self-reflection; from individual focused to a community and social collaborative focused. A new PKM model is developed based on the recent research done by the authors. There are four core components in this new PKM model, namely personal information management, personal knowledge internalization, personal wisdom creation, and interpersonal knowledge transferring. At the end of this paper, the Web 2.0-based PKM tools was evaluated and important roles were identified to facilitate the practicing of PKM.Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering2011-2012 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalpreprint_postprin
Principal problems in Bose-Einstein condensation of dilute gases

A survey is given of the present state of the art in studying Bose-Einstein
condensation of dilute atomic gases. The bulk of attention is focused on the
principal theoretical problems, though the related experiments are also
mentioned. Both uniform and nonuniform trapped gases are considered. Existing
theoretical contradictions are critically analysed. A correct understanding of
the principal theoretical problems is necessary for gaining a more penetrating
insight into experiments with trapped atoms and for their proper
interpretation.Comment: Brief review, 53 pages, 2 figure
Rubidium Spectroscopy at 778-780 nm with a Distributed Feedback Laser
  Diode

We have performed high resolution spectroscopy of rubidium with a single mode
continuous wave distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode. The saturation spectrum
of the D_2-line of 85Rb and 87Rb was recorded with a resolution close to the
natural line width. The emission frequency was actively stabilized to
Doppler-free transitions with a relative accuracy of better than 7 parts in
10^9 using commercially available servo devices only. An output power of 80 mW
was sufficient to allow for two-photon spectroscopy of the 5S-5D-transition of
87Rb. Further, we report on the spectral properties of the DFB diode, its
tuning range and its frequency modulation properties. The line width of the
diode laser, determined with high resolution Doppler free two photon
spectroscopy, was 4 MHz without applying any active stabilization techniques.
For time scales below 5 us the line width drops below 2 MHz.Comment: accepted by Laser Physics Letter
Achievement of Quantum Degeneracy in a Na-QUIC trap in Brazil: an in
  situ observation

Using a system composed of a Quadrupole and Ioffe Configuration (QUIC) trap
loaded from a slowed atomic beam, we have performed experiments to observe the
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Na atoms. In order to obtain the atomic
distribution in the trap, we use an in situ out of resonance absorption image
through a probe beam, to determine temperature and density. The phase space
density (D) is calculated using the density profile and the temperature. We
have followed D as a function of the final evaporation frequency. The results
show that at 1.65 MHz we crossed the value for D expected to correspond to the
critical point to start de Bose-Condensation of the sample. Due to the low
number of atoms remaining in the trap at the critical point, the interaction
produces minor effects and therefore an ideal gas model explains well the
observations. We analyze the obtained low number in terms of efficiency of
evaporation. The utility of an in situ detection is illustrated by measuring
the harmonic gas pressure of the trapped gas in the route to condensation.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figure
Absence of spin superradiance in resonatorless magnets

A spin system is considered with a Hamiltonian typical of molecular magnets,
having dipole-dipole interactions and a single-site magnetic anisotropy. In
addition, spin interactions through the common radiation field are included. A
fully quantum-mechanical derivation of the collective radiation rate is
presented. An effective narrowing of the dipole-dipole attenuation, due to high
spin polarization is taken into account. The influence of the radiation rate on
spin dynamics is carefully analysed. It is shown that this influence is
completely negligible. No noticeable collective effects, such as superradiance,
can appear in molecular magnets, being caused by electromagnetic spin
radiation. Spin superradiance can arise in molecular magnets only when these
are coupled to a resonant electric circuit, as has been suggested earlier by
one of the authors in Laser Phys. {\bf 12}, 1089 (2002).Comment: Latex file, 14 pages, 5 figure
Spin superradiance versus atomic superradiance

A comparative analysis is given of spin superradiance and atomic
superradiance. Their similarities and distinctions are emphasized. It is shown
that, despite a close analogy, these phenomena are fundamentally different. In
atomic systems, superradiance is a self-organized process, in which both the
initial cause, being spontaneous emission, as well as the collectivizing
mechanism of their interactions through the common radiation field, are of the
same physical nature. Contrary to this, in actual spin systems with dipole
interactions, the latter are the major reason for spin motion. Electromagnetic
spin interactions through radiation are negligible and can never produce
collective effects. The possibility of realizing superradiance in molecular
magnets by coupling them to a resonant circuit is discussed.Comment: Latex file, 12 pages, no figure
Fermi-Bose mapping for one-dimensional Bose gases

One-dimensional Bose gases are considered, interacting either through the
hard-core potentials or through the contact delta potentials. Interest in these
gases gained momentum because of the recent experimental realization of
quasi-one-dimensional Bose gases in traps with tightly confined radial motion,
achieving the Tonks-Girardeau (TG) regime of strongly interacting atoms. For
such gases the Fermi-Bose mapping of wavefunctions is applicable. The aim of
the present communication is to give a brief survey of the problem and to
demonstrate the generality of this mapping by emphasizing that: (i) It is valid
for nonequilibrium wavefunctions, described by the time-dependent Schr\"odinger
equation, not merely for stationary wavefunctions. (ii) It gives the whole
spectrum of all excited states, not merely the ground state. (iii) It applies
to the Lieb-Liniger gas with the contact interaction, not merely to the TG gas
of impenetrable bosons.Comment: Brief review, Latex file, 15 page
Normal and Anomalous Averages for Systems with Bose-Einstein Condensate

The comparative behaviour of normal and anomalous averages as functions of
momentum or energy, at different temperatures, is analysed for systems with
Bose-Einstein condensate. Three qualitatively distinct temperature regions are
revealed: The critical region, where the absolute value of the anomalous
average, for the main energy range, is much smaller than the normal average.
The region of intermediate temperatures, where the absolute values of the
anomalous and normal averages are of the same order. And the region of low
temperatures, where the absolute value of the anomalous average, for
practically all energies, becomes much larger than the normal average. This
shows the importance of the anomalous averages for the intermediate and,
especially, for low temperatures, where these anomalous averages cannot be
neglected.Comment: Latex file, 17 pages, 6 figure
A multi-mode model of a non-classical atom laser produced by outcoupling
  from a Bose-Einstein condensate with squeezed light

We examine the properties of an atom laser produced by outcoupling from a
Bose-Einstein condensate with squeezed light. We introduce a method which
allows us to model the full multimode dynamics of the squeezed optical field
and the outcoupled atoms. We show that for experimentally reasonable parameters
that the quantum statistics of the optical field are almost completely
transferred to the outcoupled atoms, and investigate the robustness to the
coupling strength and the two-photon detuning.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to Laser physics letter
Kinetic energy of Bose systems and variation of statistical averages

The problem of defining the average kinetic energy of statistical systems is
addressed. The conditions of applicability for the formula, relating the
average kinetic energy with the mass derivative of the internal energy, are
analysed. It is shown that incorrectly using this formula, outside its region
of validity, leads to paradoxes. An equation is found for a parametric
derivative of the average for an arbitrary operator. A special attention is
paid to the mass derivative of the internal energy, for which a general formula
is derived, without invoking the adiabatic approximation and taking into
account the mass dependence of the potential-energy operator. The results are
illustrated by the case of a low-temperature dilute Bose gas.Comment: Latex, 11 page
Nonequilibrium Bose systems and nonground-state Bose-Einstein
  condensates

The theory of resonant generation of nonground-state Bose-Einstein
condensates is extended to Bose-condensed systems at finite temperature. The
generalization is based on the notion of representative statistical ensembles
for Bose systems with broken global gauge symmetry. Self-consistent equations
are derived describing an arbitrary nonequilibrium nonuniform Bose system. The
notion of finite-temperature topological coherent modes, coexisting with a
cloud of noncondensed atoms, is introduced. It is shown that resonant
generation of these modes is feasible for a gas of trapped Bose atoms at finite
temperature.Comment: Latex file, 16 pages, no figure
A Scanning Electron Microscope for Ultracold Atoms

We propose a new technique for the detection of single atoms in ultracold
quantum gases. The technique is based on scanning electron microscopy and
employs the electron impact ionization of trapped atoms with a focussed
electron probe. Subsequent detection of the resulting ions allows for the
reconstruction of the atoms position. This technique is expected to achieve a
much better spatial resolution compared to any optical detection method. In
combination with the sensitivity to single atoms, it makes new in situ
measurements of atomic correlations possible. The detection principle is also
well suited for the addressing of individual sites in optical lattices.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
Dissipation-managed soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein
  condensate

We use the time-dependent mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study the
formation of a dynamically-stabilized dissipation-managed bright soliton in a
quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Because of three-body
recombination of bosonic atoms to molecules, atoms are lost (dissipated) from a
BEC. Such dissipation leads to the decay of a BEC soliton. We demonstrate by a
perturbation procedure that an alimentation of atoms from an external source to
the BEC may compensate for the dissipation loss and lead to a
dynamically-stabilized soliton. The result of the analytical perturbation
method is in excellent agreement with mean-field numerics. It seems possible to
obtain such a dynamically-stabilized BEC soliton without dissipation in
laboratory.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Black soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional trapped fermion-fermion mixture

Employing a time-dependent mean-field-hydrodynamic model we study the
generation of black solitons in a degenerate fermion-fermion mixture in a
cigar-shaped geometry using variational and numerical solutions. The black
soliton is found to be the first stationary vibrational excitation of the
system and is considered to be a nonlinear continuation of the vibrational
excitation of the harmonic oscillator state. We illustrate the stationary
nature of the black soliton, by studying different perturbations on it after
its formation.Comment: 7 pages, 10 figure
Fermionization and fractional statistics in the strongly interacting
  one-dimensional Bose gas

We discuss recent results on the relation between the strongly interacting
one-dimensional Bose gas and a gas of ideal particles obeying nonmutual
generalized exclusion statistics (GES). The thermodynamic properties considered
include the statistical profiles, the specific heat and local pair
correlations. In the strong coupling limit $\gamma \to \infty$, the
Tonks-Girardeau gas, the equivalence is with Fermi statistics. The deviation
from Fermi statistics during boson fermionization for finite but large
interaction strength $\gamma$ is described by the relation $\alpha \approx 1 -
2/\gamma$, where $\alpha$ is a measure of the GES. This gives a quantitative
description of the fermionization process. In this sense the recent
experimental measurement of local pair correlations in a 1D Bose gas of
$^{87}$Rb atoms also provides a measure of the deviation of the GES parameter
$\alpha$ away from the pure Fermi statistics value $\alpha=1$. Other
thermodynamic properties, such as the distribution profiles and the specific
heat, are also sensitive to the statistics. They also thus provide a way of
exploring fractional statistics in the strongly interacting 1D Bose gas.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Generation of three-qubit entangled states using coupled multi-quantum
  dots

We discuss a mechanism for generating a maximum entangled state (GHZ) in a
coupled quantum dots system, based on analytical techniques. The reliable
generation of such states is crucial for implementing solid-state based quantum
information schemes. The signature originates from a remarkably weak field
pulse or a far off-resonance effects which could be implemented using
technology that is currently being developed. The results are illustrated with
an application to a specific wide-gap semiconductor quantum dots system, like
Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) based quantum dots.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure
Selective ablation of dental enamel and dentin using femtosecond laser pulses

The study of the interaction of intense laser light with matter, as well as transient response of atoms and molecules is very appropriated because of the laser energy concentration in a femtosecond optical pulses. The fundamental problem to be solved is to find tools and techniques which allow us to observe and manipulate on a femtosecond time scale the photonics events on and into the matter. Six third human extracted molars were exposed to a femtosecond Ti:Sapphire Q-switched and mode locked laser (Libra-S, Coherent, Palo Alto, CA, USA), emitting pulses with 70 fs width, radiation wavelength of 801 nm, at a constant pulse repetition rate of 1 KHz. The laser was operated at different power levels (70 to 400 mW) with constant exposition time of 10 seconds, at focused and defocused mode. Enamel and dentin surfaces were evaluated concerned ablation rate and morphological aspects under scanning electron microscopic. The results in this present experiment suggest that at the focused mode and under higher average power, enamel tissues present microcavities with higher depth and very precise edges, but, while dentin shows a larger melt-flushing, lower depth and melting and solidification aspect. In conclusion, it is possible to choose hard or soft ablation, under lower and higher average power, respectively, revealing different aspects of dental enamel and dentin, depending on the average power, fluence and distance from the focal point of the ultra-short pulse laser on the tooth surface.FAPESP (03/04722-9
Microtensile bond strength of different adhesive systems in dentin irradiated with Er:YAG laser

The objective this study was to evaluate in vitro the bond strength of two etch-and-rise and one self-etching adhesive system after dentin irradiation with Er:YAG (erbium: yttrium aluminum garnet) laser using microtensile test. The results revealed that the groups treated with laser Er:YAG presented less tensile bond strength, independently to the adhesive system used. The prompt L-pop adhesive presented less microtensile bond strength compared to the other adhesives evaluated. There was no difference between single bond and excite groups. The adhesive failures were predominant in all the experimental groups. The Er:YAG laser influenced negatively bond strength values of adhesive systems tested in dental substrate