pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Promoting Quality of Service in Substitution Networks with Controlled Mobility

International audienceA substitution network is a rapidly deployable backup wire- less solution to quickly react to network topology changes due to failures or to ash crowd e ects on the base network. Unlike other ad hoc and mesh solutions, a substitution network does not attempt to provide new services to customers but rather to restore and maintain at least some of the services available before the failure. Furthermore, a substitution net- work is not deployed directly for customers but to help the base network provide services to the customers. Therefore, a substitution network is not, by de nition, a stand-alone network. In this paper, we describe the quality of service architecture for substitution networks and discuss pro- visioning, maintenance, and adaptation of QoS inside and between the base network and the substitution network
SELFI: an object-based, Bayesian method for faint emission line source detection in MUSE deep field data cubes

International audienceWe present SELFI, the Source Emission Line FInder, a new Bayesian method optimized for detection of faint galaxies in Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) deep fields. MUSE is the new panoramic integral field spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope (VLT) that has unique capabilities for spectroscopic investigation of the deep sky. It has provided data cubes with 324 million voxels over a single 1 arcmin2 field of view. To address the challenge of faint-galaxy detection in these large data cubes, we developed a new method that processes 3D data either for modeling or for estimation and extraction of source configurations. This object-based approach yields a natural sparse representation of the sources in massive data fields, such as MUSE data cubes. In the Bayesian framework, the parameters that describe the observed sources are considered random variables. The Bayesian model leads to a general and robust algorithm where the parameters are estimated in a fully data-driven way. This detection algorithm was applied to the MUSE observation of Hubble Deep Field-South. With 27 h total integration time, these observations provide a catalog of 189 sources of various categories and with secured redshift. The algorithm retrieved 91% of the galaxies with only 9% false detection. This method also allowed the discovery of three new Lyα emitters and one [OII] emitter, all without any Hubble Space Telescope counterpart. We analyzed the reasons for failure for some targets, and found that the most important limitation of the method is when faint sources are located in the vicinity of bright spatially resolved galaxies that cannot be approximated by the Sérsic elliptical profile
Effect of cobalt substitution on magnetic and transport properties of Nd0·5Sr0·5Mn1−x Co x O3 (x = 0·1, 0·3 and 0·5)

The magnetic and transport properties of the compounds Nd0·5Sr0·5Mn 1−x Co x O3 (x = 0·1, 0·3 and 0·5), synthesized by citrate–gel route have been investigated. The spin transition in cobaltates at low temperatures affects the magnetic as well as transport properties. The irreversibility behaviour between the zero-field cooled (ZFC) and field cooled (FC) magnetization as a function of temperature becomes stronger with increasing Co content. This is understood on the basis of glassy behaviour, which becomes more robust with increasing Co substitution. The non-saturating M–H behaviour indicates strong magnetic inhomogeneities which may cause the magnetic phase separation at the nanoscopic length scale. The double exchange interaction is stronger between Mn3 + –O2 − –Mn4 +  as compared to Co3 + –O2 − –Co4 +  pairs. Co-substitution suppresses the double exchange which will lead to cluster/spin glass like behaviour as well as semiconducting features due to localization of charge carriers (mobile eg electrons)
Study of structural, magnetic and electrical properties on Ho-substituted BiFeO 3

The polycrystalline Bi 1-xHo xFeO 3 (x=0, 0.05, 0.1) compounds were synthesized by conventional solid-state route. Rietveld refinement revealed that all the compounds were stabilized in rhombohedral structure with R3c (IUCr No. 161) space group. Room temperature magnetic measurements revealed that Ho substitution induces ferromagnetism and improves the magnetic properties of BiFeO 3. A competing ferro and anti-ferro magnetic interaction was observed in these compounds. Temperature variation of complex impedance studies revealed that electrical properties are improved with the Ho substitution. The ac conductivity found to obey universal power law and showed the negative temperature coefficient of resistance character. Correlated barrier hopping model (CBH) was employed to explain the frequency and temperature dependence of ac conductivity and the mechanism of transport in the material BFO and Ho substituted BFO. Density of states near Fermi level was calculated by using the ac conductivity data. Â© 2012 Elsevier Ltd
ConQuR-Bio: Consensus Ranking with Query Reformulation for Biological Data

International audienceThis paper introduces ConQuR-Bio which aims at assisting scientists when they query public biological databases. Various reformu-lations of the user query are generated using medical terminologies. Such alternative reformulations are then used to rank the query results using a new consensus ranking strategy. The originality of our approach thus lies in using consensus ranking techniques within the context of query reformulation. The ConQuR-Bio system is able to query the Entrez-Gene NCBI database. Our experiments demonstrate the benefit of using ConQuR-Bio compared to what is currently provided to users. ConQuR-Bio is available to the bioinformatics community at http://conqur-bio.lri.fr
Delta-like 4 inhibits choroidal neovascularization despite opposing effects on vascular endothelium and macrophages.
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DLL4's opposing effects in choroidal neovascularization

International audienceInflammatory neovascularization, such as choroidal neovascularization (CNV), occur in the presence of Notch expressing macrophages. DLL4s anti-angiogenic effect on endothelial cells (EC) has been widely recognized, but its influence on Notch signaling on macrophages and its overall effect in inflammatory neovascularization is not well understood. We identified macrophages and ECs as the main Notch 1 and Notch 4 expressing cells in CNV. A soluble fraction spanning Ser28-Pro525 of the murine extracellular DLL4 domain (sDLL4/28-525) activated the Notch pathway, as it induces Notch target genes in macrophages and ECs and inhibited EC proliferation and vascular sprouting in aortic rings. In contrast, sDLL4/28-525 increased pro-angiogenic VEGF, and IL-1β expression in macrophages responsible for increased vascular sprouting observed in aortic rings incubated in conditioned media from sDLL4/28-525 stimulated macrophages. In vivo, Dll4(+/-) mice developed significantly more CNV and sDLL4/28-525 injections inhibited CNV in Dll4(+/-) CD1 mice. Similarly, sDLL4/28-525 inhibited CNV in C57Bl6 and its effect was reversed by a γ-secretase inhibitor that blocks Notch signaling. The inhibition occurred despite increased VEGF, IL-1β expression in infiltrating inflammatory macrophages in sDLL4/28-525 treated mice and might be due to direct inhibition of EC proliferation in laser-induced CNV as demonstrated by EdU labelling in vivo. In conclusion, Notch activation on macrophages and ECs leads to opposing effects in inflammatory neovascularization in situations such as CNV
On the termination of some biclique operators on multipartite graphs

International audienceWe define a new graph operator, called the weak-factor graph, which comes from the context of complex network modelling. The weak-factor operator is close to the well-known clique-graph operator but it rather operates in terms of bicliques in a multipartite graph. We address the problem of the termination of the series of graphs obtained by iteratively applying the weak-factor operator starting from a given input graph. As for the clique-graph operator, it turns out that some graphs give rise to series that do not terminate. Therefore, we design a slight variation of the weak-factor operator, called clean-factor, and prove that its associated series terminates for all input graphs. In addition, we show that the multipartite graph on which the series terminates has a very nice combinatorial structure: we exhibit a bijection between its vertices and the chains of the inclusion order on the intersections of the maximal cliques of the input graph
Exact aymptotic expansions for the thermodynamics of hydrogen gas in the Saha regime

10 pagesInternational audienceWe consider the hydrogen quantum plasma in the Saha regime, where it almost reduces to a partially ionized atomic gas. We briefly review the construction of systematic expansions of thermodynamical functions beyond Saha theory, which describes an ideal mixture of ionized protons, ionized electrons and hydrogen atoms in their ground-state. Thanks to the existence of rigorous results, we first identify the simultaneous low-temperature and low-density limit in which Saha theory becomes asymptotically exact. Then, we argue that the screened cluster representation is well suited for calculating corrections, since that formalism accounts for all screening and recombination phenomena at work in a more tractable way than other many-body methods. We sketch the corresponding diagrammatical analysis, which leads to an exact asymptotic expansion for the equation of state. That scaled low-temperature expansion improves the analytical knowledge of the phase diagram. It also provides reliable numerical values over a rather wide range of temperatures and densities, as confirmed by comparisons to quantum Monte Carlo data
A compressible two-layer model for transient gas–liquid flows in pipes

International audienceThis work is dedicated to the modeling of gas-liquid flows in pipes. As a first step, a new two-layer model is proposed to deal with the stratified regime. The starting point is the isentropic Euler set of equations for each phase where the classical hydrostatic assumption is made for the liquid. The main difference with the models issued from the classical literature is that the liquid as well as the gas is assumed compressible. In that framework, an averaging process results in a five-equation system where the hydrostatic constraint has been used to define the interfacial pressure. Closure laws for the interfacial velocity and source terms such as mass and momentum transfer are provided following an entropy inequality. The resulting model is hyperbolic with non-conservative terms. Therefore, regarding the homogeneous part of the system, the definition and uniqueness of jump conditions is studied carefully and acquired. The nature of characteristic fields and the corresponding Riemann invariants are also detailed. Thus, one may build analytical solutions for the Riemann problem. In addition, positivity is obtained for heights and densities. The overall derivation deals with gas-liquid flows through rectangular channels, circular pipes with variable cross section and includes vapor-liquid flows
Numerical study of the vibrations of an elastic container filled with an inviscid fluid

International audienceWe investigate numerically the vibrational behavior of a simple finite element model that stands for an elastic container filled with an inviscid fluid. The underlying mathematical model is detailed and its spectra is characterized. The finite element method relies upon the added-mass formulation of Morand and Ohayon. A parametric study allows to characterize the system's response to dimensionless parameters in terms of eigenfrequencies. Then an insight into the mode shapes is provided, with a discussion on the presence and the behavior of singular modes caused by specific boundary conditions in the fluid
Would border carbon adjustments prevent carbon leakage and heavy industry competitiveness losses? Insights from a meta-analysis of recent economic studies

International audienceThe efficiency of unilateral climate policies may be hampered by carbon leakage and competitiveness losses. A widely discussed policy option to reduce leakage and protect competitiveness of heavy industries is to impose border carbon adjustments (BCAs). The estimation of carbon leakage as well as the assessment of different policy options led to a substantial body of literature in energy-economic modeling. In order to give a quantitative overview on the most recent research of the topic, we conduct a meta-analysis on 25 studies, altogether providing 310 estimates of carbon leakage ratio according to different assumptions and models. The typical range of carbon leakage estimates are from 5% to 25% (mean 14%) without policy and from −5% to 15% (mean 6%) with BCAs. A meta-regression analysis is performed to further investigate the impact of different assumptions on the leakage estimates. The decrease of the leakage ratio with the size of the coalition is confirmed and quantified. Among the BCA options, the extension of BCAs to all sectors and the inclusion of export rebates are the most efficient features in the meta-regression model to reduce the leakage ratio. All other parameters being constant, BCAs reduce leakage ratio by 6 percentage points
Adapting PILOTE model for water and yield management under direct seeding system: The case of corn and durum wheat in a Mediterranean context

Crop models are useful tools for integrating knowledge of biophysical processes governing the plant-soil-atmosphere system. But few of them are easily usable for water and yield management especially under specific cropping systems such as direct seeding. Direct seeding into mulch (DSM) is an alternative for conventional tillage (CT). DSM modifies soil properties and creates a different microclimate from CT. So that, we should consequently consider these new conditions to develop or to adapt models. The aim of this study was to calibrate and validate the PILOTE [Mailhol, J.C., Olufayo, A.A., Ruelle, P., 1997. Sorghum and sunflower evapotranspiration and yield from simulated leaf area index. Agric. Water Manag. 35, 167-182; Mailhol, J.C., Zaïri A., Slatni A., Ben Nouma, B., El Amami, H., 2004. Analysis of irrigation systems and irrigation strategies for durum wheat in Tunisia. Agric. Water Manag. 70, 19-37], an operative crop model based on the leaf area index (LAI) simulation, for corn and durum wheat in both DSM and CT systems in Mediterranean climate. In DSM case, simple model modifications were proposed. This modified PILOTE version accounts for mulch and its impact on soil evaporation. In addition root progression was modified to account for lower soil temperatures in DSM for winter crops. PILOTE was calibrated and validated against field data collected from a 7-year trial at the experimental station of Lavalette (SE of France). Results indicated that PILOTE satisfactorily simulates LAI, soil water reserve (SWR), grain yield, and dry matter yield in both systems. The minimum coefficient of efficiency for SWR was 0.90. This new version of PILOTE can thus be used to manage water and yield under CT and DSM systems in Mediterranean climate
Statistical Inference for Partial Differential Equations

International audienceMany physical phenomena are modeled by parametrized PDEs. The poor knowledge on the involved parameters is often one of the numerous sources of uncertainties on these models. Some of these parameters can be estimated, with the use of real world data. The aim of this mini-symposium is to introduce some of the various tools from both statistical and numerical communities to deal with this issue. Parametric and non-parametric approaches are developed in this paper. Some of the estimation procedures require many evaluations of the initial model. Some interpolation tools and some greedy algorithms for model reduction are therefore also presented, in order to reduce time needed for running the model
Modelling and Simulation of Liquid-Vapor Phase Transition in Compressible Flows Based on Thermodynamical Equilibrium.

International audienceIn the present work we investigate the numerical simulation of liquid-vapor phase change in compressible flows. Each phase is modeled as a compressible fluid equipped with its own Equation of State (EOS). We suppose that inter-phase equilibrium processes in the medium operate at a short time-scale compared to the other physical phenomena such as convection or thermal diffusion. This assumption provides an implicit definition of an equilibrium EOS for the two-phase medium. Within this framework, mass transfer is the result of local and instantaneous equilibria between both phases. The overall model is strictly hyperbolic. We examine properties of the equilibrium EOS and we propose a discretization strategy based on a Finite-Volume relaxation method. This method allows to cope with the implicit definition of the equilibrium EOS, even when the model involves complex EOS's for the pure phases. We present two-dimensional numerical simulations that shows that the model is able to reproduce mechanism such as phase disappearance and nucleation
HLA-G*0105N null allele encodes functional HLA-G isoforms.

Expression of the nonclassical HLA class I antigen, HLA-G, is associated with immune tolerance in view of its role in maintaining the fetus in utero, allowing tumor escape, and favoring graft acceptance. Expressed on invasive trophoblast cells, HLA-G molecules bind inhibitory receptors on maternal T lymphocytes and NK cells, thereby blocking their cytolytic activities and protecting the fetus from maternal immune system attack. The HLA-G gene consists of 15 alleles, including a null allele, HLA-G*0105N. HLA-G*0105N presents a single base deletion, preventing translation of both membrane-bound (HLA-G1) and full-length soluble isoforms (HLA-G5) as well as of the spliced HLA-G4 isoform. The identification of healthy subjects homozygous for this HLA-G null allele suggests that the HLA-G*0105N allele may generate other HLA-G isoforms, such as membrane-bound HLA-G2 and -G3 and the soluble HLA-G6 and -G7 proteins, which may substitute for HLA-G1 and -G5, thus assuming the immune tolerogeneic function of HLA-G. To investigate this point, we cloned genomic HLA-G*0105N DNA and transfected it into an HLA-class I-positive human cell line. The results obtained indicated that HLA-G proteins were indeed present in HLA-G*0105N-transfected cells and were able to protect against NK cell lysis. These findings emphasize the role of the other HLA-G isoforms as immune tolerogeneic molecules that may also contribute to maternal tolerance of the semiallogenic fetus as well as tumor escape and other types of allogeneic tissue acceptance
Fossil evidence for serpentinization fluids fueling chemosynthetic assemblages

International audienceAmong the deep-sea hydrothermal vent sites discovered in thepast 30 years, Lost City on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) isremarkable both for its alkaline fluids derived from mantle rockserpentinization and the spectacular seafloor carbonate chimneysprecipitated from these fluids. Despite high concentrations ofreduced chemicals in the fluids, this unique example of a serpentinite-hosted hydrothermal system currently lacks chemosyntheticassemblages dominated by large animals typical of high-temperaturevent sites. Here we report abundant specimens of chemosymbioticmussels, associated with gastropods and chemosymbioticclams, in approximately 100 kyr old Lost City-like carbonates fromthe MAR close to the Rainbow site (36 °N). Our finding shows thatserpentinization-related fluids, unaffected by high-temperaturehydrothermal circulation, can occur on-axis and are able to sustainhigh-biomass communities. The widespread occurrence of seafloorultramafic rocks linked to likely long-range dispersion of ventspecies therefore offers considerably more ecospace for chemosyntheticfauna in the oceans than previously suppose
A comprehensive study of noble gases and nitrogen in “Hypatia”, a diamond-rich pebble from SW Egypt

International audienceThis is a follow-up study of a work by Kramers et al. (2013) on a very unusual diamond-rich rock fragment found in the area of south west Egypt in the south-western side of the Libyan Desert Glass strewn field. This pebble, called Hypatia, is composed of almost pure carbon. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that Hypatia is mainly made of defect-rich diamond containing lonsdaleite and multipledeformation bands. These characteristics are compatible with an impact origin on Earth and/or in space. We also analyzed concentrations and isotopic compositions of all five noble gases and nitrogen in several ~mg sized Hypatia samples. These data confirm the conclusion by Kramers et al. (2013) that Hypatia is extra-terrestrial. The sample is relatively rich in trapped noble gases with an isotopic composition being close to the Q component found in many types of meteorites. 40Ar/36Ar ratios in individual steps are as low as 0.4 ± 0.3. Cosmicray produced "cosmogenic" 21Ne is present in concentrations corresponding to a nominal cosmic-ray exposure (CRE) age of roughly 0.1 Myr if produced in a typical meter-sized meteoroid. Such an atypically low nominal CRE age suggests high shielding in a considerably larger body. In addition to the Xe-Q composition, an excess of radiogenic 129Xe (from thedecay of short-lived radioactive 129I) is observed (129Xe/132Xe = 1.18 +/- 0.03). Two isotopically distinct N components are present, an isotopically heavy component (δ15N ~ +20‰) released at low temperatures and a major isotopically light component (δ15N ~ -10‰) at higher temperatures. This disequilibrium in N suggests that the diamonds in Hypatia were formed in space rather than upon impact on Earth (δ15Natm = 0 ‰). All our dataare broadly consistent with concentrations and isotopic compositions of noble gases in at least three different types of carbon-rich meteoritic materials: carbon-rich veins in ureilites, graphite in acapulcoites/lodranites and graphite nodules in iron meteorites. However, Hypatia does not seem to be directly related to any of these materials, but may have sampled a similar cosmochemical reservoir. Our study does not confirm the presence of exotic noble gases (e.g. G component) that led Kramers et al. (2013) to propose that Hypatia is a remnant of a comet nucleus that impacted the Earth
Inertial instability of intense stratified anticyclones. Part 1. Generalized stability criterion

International audienceThe stability of axisymmetric vortices to inertial perturbations is investigated by means of linear stability analysis, taking into account stratification, vertical eddy viscosity, as well as finite depth of the flow. We consider different types of circular barotropic vortices in a linearly stratified shallow layer confined with rigid lids. For the simplest case of the Rankine vortex we develop an asymptotic analytic dispersion relation and a marginal stability criterion, which compares well with numerical results. This is a further generalization to the well-known generalized Rayleigh criterion, which is only valid for non-dissipative and non-stratified eddies. Unlike the Rayleigh criterion, it predicts that intense anticyclones may be stable even with a core region of negative absolute vorticity, and that the dissipation and stratification work together to stabilize the flow. Numerical analysis reveals that the stability diagrams for various types of vortices are almost identical in the Rossby, Burger and Ekman parameter space. This allows extension of our analytical solutions for the Rankine vortex to a wide variety of vortices. Furthermore, we show that a more suitable parameter for the intensity of the vortex is the vortex Rossby number, while for the inviscid case it is the local normalized vorticity. These predictions are in agreement with laboratory experiments presented in part 2