pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Consensus standards for acquisition, measurement, and reporting of intravascular optical coherence tomography studies

Objectives: The purpose of this document is to make the output of the International Working Group for Intravascular Optical Coherence Tomography (IWG-IVOCT) Standardization and Validation available to medical and scientific communities, through a peer-reviewed publication, in the interest of improving the diagnosis and treatment of patients with atherosclerosis, including coronary artery disease. Background: Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) is a catheter-based modality that acquires images at a resolution of ∼10 μm, enabling visualization of blood vessel wall microstructure in vivo at an unprecedented level of detail. IVOCT devices are now commercially available worldwide, there is an active user base, and the interest in using this technology is growing. Incorporation of IVOCT in research and daily clinical practice can be facilitated by the development of uniform terminology and consensus-based standards on use of the technology, interpretation of the images, and reporting of IVOCT results. Methods: The IWG-IVOCT, comprising more than 260 academic and industry members from Asia, Europe, and the United States, formed in 2008 and convened on the topic of IVOCT standardization through a series of 9 national and international meetings. Results: Knowledge and recommendations from this group on key areas within the IVOCT field were assembled to generate this consensus document, authored by the Writing Committee, composed of academicians who have participated in meetings and/or writing of the text. Conclusions: This document may be broadly used as a standard reference regarding the current state of the IVOCT imaging modality, intended for researchers and clinicians who use IVOCT and analyze IVOCT data
Enhanced heterologous protein production in Pichia pastoris under increased air pressure

Pichia pastoris is a widely used host for the production of heterologous proteins. In this case, high cell densities are needed and oxygen is a major limiting factor. The increased air pressure could be used to improve the oxygen solubility in the medium and to reach the high oxygen demand of methanol metabolism. In this study, two P. pastoris strains producing two different recombinant proteins, one intracellular (β-galactosidase) and other extracellular (frutalin), were used to investigate the effect of increased air pressure on yeast growth in glycerol and heterologous protein production, using the methanol AOX1-inducible system. Experiments were carried out in a stainless steel bioreactor under total air pressure of 1 bar and 5 bar. The use of an air pressure raise of up to 5 bar proved to be applicable for P. pastoris cultivation. Moreover, no effects on the kinetic growth parameters and methanol utilization (Mut) phenotype of strains were found, while an increase in recombinant β-galactosidase-specific activity (ninefold) and recombinant frutalin production was observed. Furthermore, the air pressure raise led to a reduction in the secreted protease specific activity. This work shows for the first time that the application of an air pressure of 5 bar may be used as a strategy to decrease protease secretion and improve recombinant protein production in P. pastoris.The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by FCT (grant SFRH/BD/47371/2008 to Marlene Lopes and grant SFRH/BDP/63831/2009 to Carla Oliveira), by FCT Strategic Project PEst-OE/EQB/LA0023/2013 and by the Project "BioInd - Biotechnology and Bioengineering for improved Industrial and Agro-Food processes, REF. NORTE-07-0124-FEDER-000028" Co-funded by the Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2 - O Novo Norte), QREN, FEDER
La estructura factorial de las habilidades cognitivas en la infância

Recent studies have shown contradictory evidence regarding cognitive abilities differentiation and organization in childhood. Cattell’s investment theory postulated that duringthe early stages of life, the individual begins with a single and general ability (fluid intelligence), in which the relevance tends to decrease during adolescence, due to the appearance of differentiated abilities developed through the process of socialization and associated with the motivations, interests and experiences. This study analyses whether the factorial structure of the results in a battery of tests supports the existence of a general factor or, instead, a structure formed by different specific factors. A sample of 472 Portuguese children, aged between 4 and 10 years old, completed the Cognitive Competencies Scale for Children (ECCOs 4/10),and four subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III) and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Revised (WPPSI-R). The adjustment of some models that reflect different psychometric theories of intelligence was tested by several confirmatory factor analyses (CFA). The implications of the tested models in the organization of cognitive abilities for cognitive development and school learning in childhood are also discussed.Estudios recientes señalan evidencias contradictorias con respecto a la diferenciación y organización de las habilidades cognitivas en la infancia. La teoría de la inversión de Cattell sostiene que durante las primeras etapas de la vida, el individuo comienza con una habilidad general (inteligencia fluida), cuya relevancia tiende a disminuir debido a la aparición durante la adolescencia de habilidades diferenciadas desarrolladas a través del proceso de socialización y que están asociadas a las motivaciones, intereses y experiencias. Con este estudio se pretende investigar si la estructura factorial de los resultados en una batería de pruebas apoya la existencia de un factor general o, en cambio, una estructura formada por diferentes factores específicos. Una muestra de 472 escolares portugueses, con edades entre los 4 y 10 años, llevó a cabo la Escala de Competências Cognitivas para Crianças (ECCOs 4/10) y cuatro sub-pruebas del Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children – Third Edition (WISC-III) y Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence – Revised (WPPSI-R). El ajuste de algunos modelos que reflejan diferentes teorías psicométricas de la inteligencia se puso a prueba mediante varios análisis factoriales confirmatorios (AFC). Se analizaron además las implicaciones de los modelos probados en la organización de las habilidades cognitivas para el desarrollo cognitivo y para el aprendizaje escolar en la infancia.This work is funded by the Fundacão para a Ciência
e a Tecnologia, IP (FCT) and the POPH/FSE under the
SFRH/BD/84153/2012 project
Three-gluon running coupling from lattice QCD at Nf = 2 + 1 + 1: a consistency check of the OPE approach

We present a lattice calculation of the renormalized running coupling constant
in symmetric (MOM) and asymmetric (^MOM) momentum substraction schemes including
u, d, s and c quarks in the sea. An Operator Product Expansion dominated by the
dimension-two hA2i condensate is used to fit the running of the coupling. We argue that
the agreement in the predicted hA2i condensate for both schemes is a strong support for
the validity of the OPE approach and the effect of this non-gauge invariant condensate
over the running of the strong coupling.We thank the support of Spanish MICINN FPA2011-23781 and the HPC resources from CC-IN2P3 (CNRS-Lyon), IDRIS (CNRS-Orsay), GENCI (Grant 052271)
Study of neurodegenerative diseases with novel MRI techniques

Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that are
characterized by the progressive degeneration of structure and function of the nervous
system. They include diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple sclerosis
(MS) and others. The main aims of this thesis were to study functional and/or
structural brain changes in AD and MS using novel magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) techniques. 



The concentration of β-amyloid1-42 (Aβ42), total tau (T-tau) and tau phosphorylated at
position threonine 181 (P-tau181p) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) may reflect brain
pathophysiological processes in AD. We found a positive correlation between
functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN) and the ratio of
Aβ42/P-tau181p in sporadic AD (Paper I). Furthermore, there were correlations
between AD CSF biomarkers and changes of gray matter volume, fractional
anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD). The majority of brain regions with
statistically significant correlation with biomarkers of AD overlapped with the DMN
(Paper II). These findings implicate that the brain functional connectivity and
structure are affected by pathological changes at an early stage in AD. We also found
a significantly increased MD in pre-symptomatic mutation carriers (pre-MCs) of AD
compared with non-carriers (NCs), and increased MD associated with AD CSF
biomarkers (Paper III). Similar results were observed both in sporadic and familial
AD, which suggests that MD may reflect pathology of early stage AD. Although the
exact causes of these changes are difficult to identify, the increased MD may be
explained by myelin loss. In MS, myelin loss is one of the characteristic events of
the pathological process. By combining susceptibility-weighted MRI with analysis of
the !
∗ decay curves, we were able to characterize and quantify myelin loss (Paper
IV). 



In conclusion, pathological changes in AD and MS could be detected by novel MRI
techniques. This suggests that these techniques may also be helpful in further
understanding pathology in other neurodegenerative diseases. As non-invasive tools,
these novel MRI techniques are possible to screen individuals susceptible to and/or
manifesting early neurodegeneration
SUS1, a functional component of the SAGA transcription complex and the mRNA export machinery.

Gene expression is a coordinated multistep process that begins with transcription and RNA processing in the nucleus followed by mRNA export to the cytoplasm for translation. Here we report the identification of a protein, Sus1, which functions in both transcription and mRNA export. Sus1 is a nuclear protein with a concentration at the nuclear pores. Biochemical analyses show that Sus1 interacts with SAGA, a large intranuclear histone acetylase complex involved in transcription initiation, and with the Sac3-Thp1 complex, which functions in mRNA export with specific nuclear pore proteins at the nuclear basket. DNA macroarray analysis revealed that Sus1 is required for transcription regulation. Moreover, chromatin immunoprecipitation showed that Sus1 is associated with the promoter of a SAGA-dependent gene during transcription activation. Finally, mRNA export is impaired in sus1 mutants. These data provide an unexpected connection between the SAGA histone acetylase complex and the mRNA export machinery
Amplitudes and Correlators to Ten Loops Using Simple, Graphical
  Bootstraps

We introduce two new graphical-level relations among possible contributions
to the four-point correlation function and scattering amplitude in planar,
maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. When combined with the rung rule,
these prove powerful enough to fully determine both functions through ten
loops. This then also yields the full five-point amplitude to eight loops and
the parity-even part to nine loops. We derive these rules, illustrate their
applications, compare their relative strengths for fixing coefficients, and
survey some of the features of the previously unknown nine and ten loop
expressions. Explicit formulae for amplitudes and correlators through ten loops
are available at: http://goo.gl/JH0yEc.Comment: 35 pages, 52 figures, and 6 tables. Complete expressions for the
  amplitude and correlator through ten loops can be obtained at:
  http://goo.gl/JH0yE
The triple Higgs coupling: A new probe of low-scale seesaw models

The measure of the triple Higgs coupling is one of the major goals of the
high-luminosity run of the CERN Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) as well as the
future colliders, either leptonic such as the International Linear Collider
(ILC) or hadronic such as the 100 TeV Future Circular Collider in hadron-hadron
mode (FCC-hh). We have recently proposed this observable as a test of neutrino
mass generating mechanisms in a regime where heavy sterile neutrino masses are
hard to be probed otherwise. We present in this article a study of the one-loop
corrected triple Higgs coupling in the inverse seesaw model, taking into
account all relevant constraints on the model. This is the first study of the
impact on the triple Higgs coupling of heavy neutrinos in a realistic,
renormalizable neutrino mass model. We obtain deviations from the Standard
Model as large as to $\sim +30\%$ that are at the current limit of the HL-LHC
sensitivity, but would be clearly visible at the ILC or at the FCC-hh.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures. V2: references and clarifications added, a few
  typos corrected; matches the published versio
Search for narrow resonances in dilepton mass spectra in pp collisions at √s=7TeV

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA search for narrow, high-mass resonances decaying to electron or muon pairs has been performed using pp collision data collected at √s=7TeV by the CMS experiment in 2011. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 5 fb -1. The event yields observed in the signal regions are consistent with predictions of the standard model backgrounds, and upper limits on the cross section times branching fraction for a resonance decaying to dileptons are extracted from a shape analysis of the dilepton invariant mass distribution. The resulting mass limits at 95% confidence level are 2330 GeV for the Z ' in the Sequential Standard Model, 2000 GeV for the superstring-inspired Zψ' resonance, 890 (540) GeV for the Stueckelberg extension ZSt' with the mass parameter ε=0.06 (0.04), and 2140 (1810) GeV for Kaluza-Klein gravitons with the coupling parameter k/M- Pl of 0.10 (0.05). These limits are the most stringent to dateWe congratulate our colleagues in the CERN accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC machine. We thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); SEIDI and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; the Compagnia di San Paolo (Torino); and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund
Source analysis of short and long latency vestibular-evoked potentials (VsEPs) produced by left versus right ear air-conducted 500 Hz pips

Todd et al. (2014) have recently demonstrated the presence of vestibular dependent changes both in the morphology and in the intensity dependence of auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) when passing through the vestibular threshold as determined by vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs). In this paper we extend this work by comparing left vs. right ear stimulation and by conducting a source analysis of the resulting evoked potentials of short and long latency. Ten healthy, right-handed subjects were recruited and evoked potentials were recorded to both left- and right-ear sound stimulation, above and below vestibular threshold. Below VEMP threshold, typical AEPs were recorded, consisting of mid-latency (MLR) waves Na and Pa followed by long latency AEPs (LAEPs) N1 and P2. In the supra-threshold condition, the expected changes in morphology were observed, consisting of: (1) short-latency vestibular evoked potentials (VsEPs) which have no auditory correlate, i.e. the ocular VEMP (OVEMP) and inion response related potentials; (2) a later deflection, labelled N42/P52, followed by the LAEPs N1 and P2. Statistical analysis of the vestibular dependent responses indicated a contralateral effect for inion related short-latency responses and a left-ear/right-hemisphere advantage for the long-latency responses. Source analysis indicated that the short-latency effects may be mediated by a contralateral projection to left cerebellum, while the long-latency effects were mediated by a contralateral projection to right cingulate cortex. In addition we found evidence of a possible vestibular contribution to the auditory T-complex in radial temporal lobe sources. These last results raise the possibility that acoustic activation of the otolith organs could potentially contribute to auditory processing
Safety evaluation of substituted thiophenes used as flavoring ingredients.

This publication is the second in a series by the Expert Panel of the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association summarizing the conclusions of its third systematic re-evaluation of the safety of flavorings previously considered to be generally recognized as safe (GRAS) under conditions of intended use. Re-evaluation of GRAS status for flavorings is based on updated considerations of exposure, structural analogy, metabolism, pharmacokinetics and toxicology and includes a comprehensive review of the scientific information on the flavorings and structurally related substances. Of the 12 substituted thiophenes reviewed here, 11 were reaffirmed as GRAS based on their rapid absorption, metabolism and excretion in humans and animals; the low estimated dietary exposure from flavor use; the wide margins of safety between the conservative estimates of intake and the no-observed-adverse effect levels; and the lack of significant genotoxic and mutagenic potential. For one of the substituted thiophenes, 3-acetyl-2,5-dimethylthiophene, it was concluded that more detailed exposure information, comparative metabolism studies and comprehensive toxicity data, including an in-depth evaluation of the mechanism of action for any adverse effects observed, are required for continuation of its FEMA GRAS™ status. In the absence of these data, the compound was removed from the FEMA GRAS list
Measurements of the electron and muon inclusive cross-sections in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This Letter presents measurements of the differential cross-sections for inclusive electron and muon production in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV using data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The muon cross-section is measured as a function of pTpT in the range 4<pT<100 GeV4<pT<100 GeV and within pseudorapidity |η|<2.5|η|<2.5. In addition the electron and muon cross-sections are measured in the range 7<pT<26 GeV and within |η|<2.0|η|<2.0, excluding 1.37<|η|<1.521.37<|η|<1.52.  Integrated luminosities of 1.3 pb -1 and 1.4 pb -1 are used for the electron and muon measurements, respectively. After subtraction of the W/Z/y* contribution, the differential cross-sections are found to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions for heavy-flavour production obtained from Fixed Order NLO calculations with NLL high-pT resummation, and to be sensitive to the effects of NLL resummation.Brookhaven National LaboratoryUnited States. Dept. of Energyscienc
Differential top-antitop cross-section measurements as a function of observables constructed from final-state particles using pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV in the ATLAS detector

Various differential cross-sections are measured in top-quark pair (t[bar over t]) events produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV at the LHC with the ATLAS detector. These differential cross-sections are presented in a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb[superscript −1]. The differential cross-sections are presented in terms of kinematic variables, such as momentum, rapidity and invariant mass, of a top-quark proxy referred to as the pseudo-top-quark as well as the pseudo-top-quark pair system. The dependence of the measurement on theoretical models is minimal.
The measurements are performed on t[bar over t] events in the lepton+jets channel, requiring exactly one charged lepton and at least four jets with at least two of them tagged as originating from a b-quark. The hadronic and leptonic pseudo-top-quarks are defined via the leptonic or hadronic decay mode of the W boson produced by the top-quark decay in events with a single charged lepton. Differential cross-section measurements of the pseudo-top-quark variables are compared with several Monte Carlo models that implement next-to-leading order or leading-order multi-leg matrix-element calculations.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
Cytomolecular discrimination of the Am chromosomes of Triticum monococcum and the A chromosomes of Triticum aestivum using microsatellite DNA repeats.

The cytomelecular discrimination of the Am- and A-genome chromosomes facilitates the selection of wheat-Triticum monococcum introgression lines. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with the commonly used DNA probes Afa family, 18S rDNA and pSc119.2 showed that the more complex hybridization pattern obtained in T. monococcum relative to bread wheat made it possible to differentiate the Am and A chromosomes within homoeologous groups 1, 4 and 5. \ud
In order to provide additional chromosomal landmarks to discriminate the Am and A chromosomes, the microsatellite repeats (GAA)n, (CAG)n, (CAC)n, (AAC)n, (AGG)n and (ACT)n were tested as FISH probes. These showed that T. monococcum chromosomes have fewer, generally weaker SSR signals than the A-genome chromosomes of hexaploid wheat. A differential hybridization pattern was observed on 6Am and 6A chromosomes with all the SSR probes tested except for the (ACT)n probe. The 2Am and 2A chromosomes were differentiated by the signals given by the (GAA)n, (CAG)n and (AAC)n repeats, while only (GAA)n discriminated the chromosomes 3Am and 3A. Chromosomes 7Am and 7A could be differentiated by the lack of (GAA)n and (AGG)n signals on 7A. As potential landmarks for identifying the Am chromosomes, SSR repeats will facilitate the introgression of T. monococcum chromatin into wheat