pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Dark Matter in the shear-dominated universe

AbstractWe explore the relic abundance of asymmetric Dark Matter in shear-dominated universe in which it is assumed the universe is expanded anisotropically. The modified expansion rate leaves its imprint on the relic density of asymmetric Dark Matter particles if the asymmetric Dark Matter particles are decoupled in shear dominated era. We found the relic abundances for particle and anti-particle are increased. The particle and anti-particle abundances are almost in the same amount for the larger value of the shear factor xe which makes the indirect detection possible for asymmetric Dark Matter. We use the present day Dark Matter density from the observation to find the constraints on the parameter space in this model
Heterotic twistor–string theory

AbstractWe reformulate twistor–string theory as a heterotic string based on a twisted (0,2) model. The path integral localizes on holomorphic maps, while the (0,2) moduli naturally correspond to the states of N=4 super-Yang–Mills and conformal supergravity under the Penrose transform. We show how the standard twistor–string formulae of scattering amplitudes as integrals over the space of curves in supertwistor space may be obtained from our model. The corresponding string field theory gives rise to a twistor action for N=4 conformal supergravity coupled to super-Yang–Mills. The model helps to explain how the twistor–strings of Witten and Berkovits are related and clarifies various aspects of each of these models
Purinergic-mediated Ca2+ influx in Dictyostelium discoideum

SummaryThe presence of five P2X-like genes (p2xA–E) in Dictyostelium suggests that nucleotides other than cAMP may act as extracellular signalling molecules in this model eukaryote. However, p2xA was found to have an exclusively intracellular localisation making it unclear whether Dictyostelium utilise P2 receptors in a manner analogous to vertebrates. Using an apoaequorin expressing strain we show here that Dictyostelium do possess cell surface P2 receptors that facilitate Ca2+ influx in response to extracellular ATP and ADP (EC50=7.5μM and 6.1μM, respectively). Indicative of P2X receptor activation, responses were rapid reaching peak within 2.91±0.04s, required extracellular Ca2+, were inhibited by Gd3+, modified by extracellular pH and were not affected by deletion of either the single Gβ or iplA genes. Responses also remained unaffected by disruption of p2xA or p2xE showing that these genes are not involved. Cu2+ and Zn2+ inhibited purine-evoked Ca2+ influx with IC50 values of 0.9 and 6.3μM, respectively. 300μM Zn2+ completely abolished the initial large rapid rise in intracellular Ca2+ revealing the presence of an additional smaller, slower P2Y-like response. The existence of P2 receptors in Dictyostelium makes this organism a valuable model to explore fundamental aspects of purinergic signalling
Learning Transfer in Catalan Local Administrations: Variables Associated with the Workplace

AbstractTransfer of training to the workplace is often analysed by different models whose aim is to evaluate the impact of training on organizations (Kirkpatrick, 1959; Le Boterf, 1991; Pineda, 2003 & Phillips, 2006). In some cases, there are models which are only focused on the evaluation of training transfer as a tool which allows us to get to know the effectiveness of training (Noe & Smith, 1986; Olsen, 1998 & Holton, 2005) and which identifies variables that may act either as facilitators or barriers and can be grouped according to factors concerning learner, training activity design and delivery or workplace environment (Baldwin & Ford, 1988; Burke & Hutchins, 2007). Ultimately, there are some authors who are merely focused on the analysis of those variables closely related to workplace environment in which new learning is supposed to be applied (Clarke, 2002; Gumuseli & Ergin, 2002; Chiaburu, Van Dam & Hutchins, 2010 & Van den Bossche, Segers & Jansen, 2010).This paper underlines the variables associated with the workplace, formerly appeared in a research which aimed to analyse the factors associated with training transfer in Catalan local Administrations. The development of the research includes a longitudinal analysis of nine studies carried out throughout the 2000-2009 period, as well as further contrasting of results with individual interviews and focus groups with the participation of experts, training managers, participants and managers.The main results enable us to confirm that workplace-related variables exert a huge influence on training transfer, especially those concerning supervisors’ role, availability of resources, learners’ motivation in the workplace and work climate
Experimental Validation of a Resilient Electronic Logic Design with Autonomous Fault Discrimination/Masking

AbstractThis paper presents the experimental validation of a novel fault-tolerant electronic logic design conducted by an automated mixed-signal fault injection procedure. The design under evaluation relies upon a novel redundant design strategy intended to provide fault discrimination and selective fault masking embedded within a functional CMOS NAND gate. The traditional logic layout is modified to include fault detection and reporting at an extremely fine-grained design level with 2x overhead as opposed to the traditional 4x overhead. The fault injection test bench procedure requires automated fault injection, programmable fault load conditions and combined analogue/digital domain verification. The device under test is implemented using discrete n- and p-FETs arranged as a modular test board together with automated fault injection and test lines. The fault response is measured and confirms the predicted intrinsic fault rate of 25% with a successful 100% masking of suck low-faults and precise identification of stuck-high via IDDQ trigger. The test procedure is shown to be extensible towards more complex logic unit designs and for evaluation of multiple simultaneous faults
Temporal dynamics of different cases of bi-stable figure–ground perception

AbstractSegmentation of a visual scene in “figure” and “ground” is essential for perception of the three-dimensional layout of a scene. In cases of bi-stable perception, two distinct figure–ground interpretations alternate over time. We were interested in the temporal dynamics of these alternations, in particular when the same image is presented repeatedly, with short blank periods in-between. Surprisingly, we found that the intermittent presentation of Rubin’s classical “face-or-vase” figure, which is frequently taken as a standard case of bi-stable figure–ground perception, often evoked perceptual switches during the short presentations and stabilization was not prominent. Interestingly, bi-stable perception of Kanizsa’s anomalous transparency figure did strongly stabilize across blanks. We also found stabilization for the Necker cube, which we used for comparison. The degree of stabilization (and the lack of it) varied across stimuli and across individuals. Our results indicate, against common expectation, that the stabilization phenomenon cannot be generally evoked by intermittent presentation. We argue that top-down feedback factors such as familiarity, semantics, expectation, and perceptual bias contribute to the complex processes underlying the temporal dynamics of bi-stable figure–ground perception
Around the Hosszú–Gluskin theorem for n-ary groups

AbstractWe survey the results related to the important Hosszú–Gluskin Theorem on n-ary groups adding several new results and comments. The aim of this paper is to write all such results in uniform and compressive forms. Therefore some proofs of new results are only sketched or omitted if their completing seems to be not too difficult for readers. In particular, we show as the Hosszú–Gluskin Theorem can be used for evaluation how many different n-ary groups (up to isomorphism) exist on some small sets. Moreover, we sketch as the mentioned theorem can also be used for investigation of Q-independent subsets of semiabelian n-ary groups for some special families Q of mappings
Infants Born Late/Moderately Preterm Are at Increased Risk for a Positive Autism Screen at 2 Years of Age

ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of positive screens using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) questionnaire and follow-up interview in late and moderately preterm (LMPT; 32-36 weeks) infants and term-born controls.Study designPopulation-based prospective cohort study of 1130 LMPT and 1255 term-born infants. Parents completed the M-CHAT questionnaire at 2-years corrected age. Parents of infants with positive questionnaire screens were followed up with a telephone interview to clarify failed items. The M-CHAT questionnaire was re-scored, and infants were classified as true or false positives. Neurosensory, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes were assessed using parent report.ResultsParents of 634 (57%) LMPT and 761 (62%) term-born infants completed the M-CHAT questionnaire. LMPT infants had significantly higher risk of a positive questionnaire screen compared with controls (14.5% vs 9.2%; relative risk [RR] 1.58; 95% CI 1.18, 2.11). After follow-up, significantly more LMPT infants than controls had a true positive screen (2.4% vs 0.5%; RR 4.52; 1.51, 13.56). This remained significant after excluding infants with neurosensory impairments (2.0% vs 0.5%; RR 3.67; 1.19, 11.3).ConclusionsLMPT infants are at significantly increased risk for positive autistic screen. An M-CHAT follow-up interview is essential as screening for autism spectrum disorders is especially confounded in preterm populations. Infants with false positive screens are at risk for cognitive and behavioral problems
Effect of GIA models with 3D composite mantle viscosity on GRACE mass balance estimates for Antarctica

AbstractSeismic data indicate that there are large viscosity variations in the mantle beneath Antarctica. Consideration of such variations would affect predictions of models of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA), which are used to correct satellite measurements of ice mass change. However, most GIA models used for that purpose have assumed the mantle to be uniformly stratified in terms of viscosity. The goal of this study is to estimate the effect of lateral variations in viscosity on Antarctic mass balance estimates derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) data. To this end, recently-developed global GIA models based on lateral variations in mantle temperature are tuned to fit constraints in the northern hemisphere and then compared to GPS-derived uplift rates in Antarctica.We find that these models can provide a better fit to GPS uplift rates in Antarctica than existing GIA models with a radially-varying (1D) rheology. When 3D viscosity models in combination with specific ice loading histories are used to correct GRACE measurements, mass loss in Antarctica is smaller than previously found for the same ice loading histories and their preferred 1D viscosity profiles. The variation in mass balance estimates arising from using different plausible realizations of 3D viscosity amounts to 20 Gt/yr for the ICE-5G ice model and 16 Gt/yr for the W12a ice model; these values are larger than the GRACE measurement error, but smaller than the variation arising from unknown ice history. While there exist 1D Earth models that can reproduce the total mass balance estimates derived using 3D Earth models, the spatial pattern of gravity rates can be significantly affected by 3D viscosity in a way that cannot be reproduced by GIA models with 1D viscosity. As an example, models with 1D viscosity always predict maximum gravity rates in the Ross Sea for the ICE-5G ice model, however, for one of the three preferred 3D models the maximum (for the same ice model) is found near the Weddell Sea. This demonstrates that 3D variations in viscosity affect the sensitivity of present-day uplift and gravity rates to changes in the timing of the ice history. In particular, low viscosities (<1019 Pas) found in West Antarctica make the mantle very sensitive to recent changes in ice thickness
Effective scalar products of D-finite symmetric functions

AbstractMany combinatorial generating functions can be expressed as combinations of symmetric functions, or extracted as sub-series and specializations from such combinations. Gessel has outlined a large class of symmetric functions for which the resulting generating functions are D-finite. We extend Gessel's work by providing algorithms that compute differential equations, these generating functions satisfy in the case they are given as a scalar product of symmetric functions in Gessel's class. Examples of applications to k-regular graphs and Young tableaux with repeated entries are given. Asymptotic estimates are a natural application of our method, which we illustrate on the same model of Young tableaux. We also derive a seemingly new formula for the Kronecker product of the sum of Schur functions with itself
Survival in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis—cytotoxic agents compared to corticosteroids

SummaryStudy objectiveTo compare the survival of patients with IPF treated retrospectively with corticosteroids alone, to survival of patients treated with immunosuppressive and corticosteroids combined.DesignNon-randomized retrospective cohort study.SettingThree tertiary centers in Brazil.PatientsEighty-two IPF patients were included. The diagnosis was confirmed by open lung biopsy in 48. Patients received either corticosteroids alone (group I) or cytotoxic agents in addition to corticosteroids (group II).Measurements and resultsThe primary end-point was mortality. Secondary outcome included longitudinal changes in FVC. Mean age was 66±8 years. FVC was 71±17% of predicted. There were 48 deaths during the study period (59%), 44 secondary to respiratory causes. From preliminary univariate analysis, for the group as a whole, worse survival was found to be associated with FVC% <70% of predicted (P=0.004), evidence of disease progression by follow-up FVC measurements (P=0.01), and pharmacologic treatment (P=0.014). Median survival was 25 months for the group I, and 45 months for the group II (Log-Rank=6.45, P=0.01). After adjusting for FVC⩾70% and<70% of predicted, there was evidence to indicate that survival was associated with recommended pharmacologic treatment only in patients with FVC⩾70% (Log Rank=6.84, P=0.009).ConclusionsThe combination of immunosuppressive agents and prednisone results in better survival when compared to prednisone alone in patients with IPF. The benefit seems to occur only in patients with less severe disease, as reflected by FVC⩾70%
Measurement of the ϕ→π0e+e− transition form factor with the KLOE detector

AbstractA measurement of the vector to pseudoscalar conversion decay ϕ→π0e+e− with the KLOE experiment is presented. A sample of ∼9500 signal events was selected from a data set of 1.7 fb−1 of e+e− collisions at s∼mϕ collected at the DAΦNE e+e− collider. These events were used to perform the first measurement of the transition form factor |Fϕπ0(q2)| and a new measurement of the branching ratio of the decay: BR(ϕ→π0e+e−)=(1.35±0.05−0.10+0.05)×10−5. The result improves significantly on previous measurements and is in agreement with theoretical predictions
The log-Brunn–Minkowski inequality

AbstractFor origin-symmetric convex bodies (i.e., the unit balls of finite dimensional Banach spaces) it is conjectured that there exist a family of inequalities each of which is stronger than the classical Brunn–Minkowski inequality and a family of inequalities each of which is stronger than the classical Minkowski mixed-volume inequality. It is shown that these two families of inequalities are “equivalent” in that once either of these inequalities is established, the other must follow as a consequence. All of the conjectured inequalities are established for plane convex bodies
Temporal and spatial structure of multi-millennial temperature changes at high latitudes during the Last Interglacial

AbstractThe Last Interglacial (LIG, 129–116 thousand of years BP, ka) represents a test bed for climate model feedbacks in warmer-than-present high latitude regions. However, mainly because aligning different palaeoclimatic archives and from different parts of the world is not trivial, a spatio-temporal picture of LIG temperature changes is difficult to obtain.Here, we have selected 47 polar ice core and sub-polar marine sediment records and developed a strategy to align them onto the recent AICC2012 ice core chronology. We provide the first compilation of high-latitude temperature changes across the LIG associated with a coherent temporal framework built between ice core and marine sediment records. Our new data synthesis highlights non-synchronous maximum temperature changes between the two hemispheres with the Southern Ocean and Antarctica records showing an early warming compared to North Atlantic records. We also observe warmer than present-day conditions that occur for a longer time period in southern high latitudes than in northern high latitudes. Finally, the amplitude of temperature changes at high northern latitudes is larger compared to high southern latitude temperature changes recorded at the onset and the demise of the LIG.We have also compiled four data-based time slices with temperature anomalies (compared to present-day conditions) at 115 ka, 120 ka, 125 ka and 130 ka and quantitatively estimated temperature uncertainties that include relative dating errors. This provides an improved benchmark for performing more robust model-data comparison. The surface temperature simulated by two General Circulation Models (CCSM3 and HadCM3) for 130 ka and 125 ka is compared to the corresponding time slice data synthesis. This comparison shows that the models predict warmer than present conditions earlier than documented in the North Atlantic, while neither model is able to produce the reconstructed early Southern Ocean and Antarctic warming. Our results highlight the importance of producing a sequence of time slices rather than one single time slice averaging the LIG climate conditions
Theoretical and Experimental Comparison of Box Solar Cookers with and without Internal Reflector

AbstractBox solar cookers are commonly built with internal sheet metal painted black as an absorber. In order to increase the performance, a design which incorporates internal reflection is proposed in this paper. The aim of this paper is to report comparisons made between box solar cookers with and without internal reflector. Theoretical modelling of the two types of cookers has been made by considering the radiation, convection and conduction heat transfer employing the thermal network method. The theoretical analysis made was based on steady state heat transfer analysis of the cookers. Experimental comparisons were also made on two cookers having the same aperture area and made from the same type of materials except the internal absorber. The tests were made as per the American Society of Agricultural Engineers (ASAE) procedure.The result of the theoretical analysis predicts that the performance will be higher in the cooker with internal reflector than the same cooker without reflector. The steady state analysis shows that for the cooker with reflection the temperature of the bottom absorber plate is higher than the cooker without reflector. Similarly, results of dry test and water boiling test show better performance by the cooker with reflector. The standard stagnation temperature and the cooking power were higher in the cooker with reflector as compared to the cooker without reflector. In conclusion, the performance of box solar cookers can be enhanced by making appropriate angle side walls of the absorber and providing internal reflection
‘I don’t think I ever had food poisoning’. A practice-based approach to understanding foodborne disease that originates in the home

AbstractFood stored, prepared, cooked and eaten at home contributes to foodborne disease which, globally, presents a significant public health burden. The aim of the study reported here was to investigate, analyse and interpret domestic kitchen practices in order to provide fresh insight about how the domestic setting might influence food safety. Using current theories of practice meant the research, which drew on qualitative and ethnographic methods, could investigate people and material things in the domestic kitchen setting whilst taking account of people's actions, values, experiences and beliefs. Data from 20 UK households revealed the extent to which kitchens are used for a range of non-food related activities and the ways that foodwork extends beyond the boundaries of the kitchen. The youngest children, the oldest adults and the family pets all had agency in the kitchen, which has implications for preventing foodborne disease. What was observed, filmed and photographed was not a single practice but a series of entangled encounters and actions embedded and repeated, often inconsistently, by the individuals involved. Households derived logics and principles about foodwork that represented rules of thumb about ‘how things are done’ that included using the senses and experiential knowledge when judging whether food is safe to eat. Overall, food safety was subsumed within the practice of ‘being’ a household and living everyday life in the kitchen. Current theories of practice are an effective way of understanding foodborne disease and offer a novel approach to exploring food safety in the home
Threshold corrections to mb and the bb̄→H0i production in CP-violating SUSY scenarios

AbstractThe inclusion of supersymmetric threshold corrections to the b-quark mass has dramatic consequences in scenarios with large CP-mixing effects in the Higgs sector. In particular, when the phase of the combination Mg̃μ is ∼180°±30°, the lightest sbottom squark becomes tachyonic and, possibly, the b-quark Yukawa coupling nonperturbative for values of tanβ ranging from intermediate up to large or very large, depending on the size of arg(Atμ), arg(Abμ), and the details of the spectrum. For these scenarios, when allowed, as well as scenarios with different values of arg(Mg̃μ), the cross sections for the production of the three neutral Higgs bosons through b-quark fusion have interesting dependences on arg(Atμ) and arg(Abμ), and the deviations induced by the mb corrections are rather large. In general, such production channel cannot be neglected with respect to the production through gluon fusion. For large CP-mixing effects, the lightest neutral Higgs boson can be mainly CP odd and the b-quark fusion becomes its main production mechanism. Searches at the Tevatron and the LHC can easily detect such a Higgs boson, or constrain the CP-violating scenarios that allow it