pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Universal conservation law and modified Noether symmetry in 2d models of
  gravity with matter

It is well-known that all 2d models of gravity---including theories with
nonvanishing torsion and dilaton theories---can be solved exactly, if matter
interactions are absent. An absolutely (in space and time) conserved quantity
determines the global classification of all (classical) solutions. For the
special case of spherically reduced Einstein gravity it coincides with the mass
in the Schwarzschild solution. The corresponding Noether symmetry has been
derived previously by P. Widerin and one of the authors (W.K.) for a specific
2d model with nonvanishing torsion. In the present paper this is generalized to
all covariant 2d theories, including interactions with matter. The related
Noether-like symmetry differs from the usual one. The parameters for the
symmetry transformation of the geometric part and those of the matterfields are
distinct. The total conservation law (a zero-form current) results from a two
stage argument which also involves a consistency condition expressed by the
conservation of a one-form matter ``current''. The black hole is treated as a
special case.Comment: 3
Estimating oceanic primary production using vertical irradiance and chlorophyll profiles from ocean gliders in the North Atlantic

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An autonomous underwater vehicle (Seaglider) has been used to estimate marine primary production (PP) using a combination of irradiance and fluorescence vertical profiles. This method provides estimates for depth-resolved and temporally evolving PP on fine spatial scales in the absence of ship-based calibrations. We describe techniques to correct for known issues associated with long autonomous deployments such as sensor calibration drift and fluorescence quenching. Comparisons were made between the Seaglider, stable isotope (13C) and satellite estimates of PP. The Seaglider-based PP estimates were comparable to both satellite estimates and stable isotope measurements
Sub-Planckian black holes and the Generalized Uncertainty Principle

The Black Hole Uncertainty Principle correspondence suggests that there could exist black holes with mass beneath the Planck scale but radius of order the Compton scale rather than Schwarzschild scale. We present a modified, self-dual Schwarzschild-like metric that reproduces desirable aspects of a variety of disparate models in the sub-Planckian limit, while remaining Schwarzschild in the large mass limit. The self-dual nature of this solution under M ↔ M −1 naturally implies a Generalized Uncertainty Principle with the linear form Δ x ∼ 1 Δ p + Δ p $$ \Delta x\sim \frac{1}{\Delta p}+\Delta p $$ . We also demonstrate a natural dimensional reduction feature, in that the gravitational radius and thermodynamics of sub-Planckian objects resemble that of (1 + 1)-D gravity. The temperature of sub-Planckian black holes scales as M rather than M −1 but the evaporation of those smaller than 10 −36 g is suppressed by the cosmic background radiation. This suggests that relics of this mass could provide the dark matter
Boundary states as holographic duals of trivial spacetimes

We study real-space quantum entanglement included in conformally invariant boundary states in conformal field theories (CFTs). We argue that boundary states essentially have no real-space entanglement, except for constant contributions from long range topological entanglement, by computing the entanglement entropy when the system is bipartition into two spatial regions. From the viewpoint of classical gravity duals in holography, this shows that boundary states are dual to trivial spacetimes of zero space-time volume. We also point out that a continuous multiscale entanglement renormalization ansatz (cMERA) for any CFTs can be formulated by employing a boundary state as its infrared unentangled state with an appropriate regularization. Exploiting this idea, we propose an approximation scheme of cMERA construction for general CFTs
Roles of local He concentration and Si sample orientation on cavity growth in amorphous silicon

International audience(111)- and (100)-oriented Si samples are implanted with Si<sup>+</sup> ions at 1 MeV to a dose of 1×10<sup>16</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> and with 5×10<sup>16</sup> He<sup>+</sup> cm<sup>-2</sup> at 10keV or 50 keV and eventually annealed in the 800 °C-1000 °C temperature range. Sample characterization is carried out by cross section transmission electron microscopy, positron annihilation spectroscopy, and nuclear reaction analysis. In addition to the formation of He bubbles at the projected range of He, bubbles are observed after solid phase epitaxial growth (SPEG) of the embedded amorphous Si layer. The He threshold concentration required to get thermally stable bubbles in amorphized Si is between one and four orders of magnitude lower than in c-Si. Since bubble formation and growth take place in the a-Si phase, the interaction with SPEG during annealing is studied by considering (100) and (111) Si. Both the SPEG velocity and the resulting defects play a role on bubble spatial distribution and size, resulting in bigger bubbles in (111) Si with respect to (100) Si
Waveguide-integrated MEMS-based phase shifter for phased array antenna

International audienceThis study investigates a new concept of waveguide-based W-band phase shifters for applications in phased array antennas. The phase shifters are based on a tuneable bilateral finline bandpass filter with 22 microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switching elements, integrated into a custom-made WR-12 waveguide with a replaceable section, whose performance is also investigated in this study. The individual phase states are selected by changing the configuration of the switches bridging the finline slot in specific positions; this leads to four discrete phase states with an insertion loss predicted by simulations better than 1 dB, and a phase shift span of about 270°. MEMS chips have been fabricated in fixed positions, on a pair of bonded 300 µm high-resistivity silicon substrates, to prove the principle, that is, they are not fully functional, but contain all actuation and biasing-line elements. The measured phase states are 0, 56, 189 and 256°, resulting in an effective bit resolution of 1.78 bits of this nominal 2 bit phase shifter at 77 GHz. The measured insertion loss was significantly higher than the simulated value, which is assumed to be attributed to narrow-band design of the devices as the influences of fabrication and assembly tolerances are shown to be negligible from the measurement results
Simulation of resonant tunneling heterostructures: numerical comparison of a complete Schr{ö}dinger-Poisson system and a reduced nonlinear model

Two different models are compared for the simulation of the transverse electronic transport through an heterostructure: a $1D$ self-consistent Schr{ö}dinger-Poisson model with a numerically heavy treatment of resonant states and a reduced model derived from an accurate asymptotic nonlinear analysis. After checking the agreement at the qualitative and quantitative level on quite well understood bifurcation diagrams, the reduced model is used to tune double well configurations for which nonlinearly interacting resonant states actually occur in the complete self-consistent model
Phase-change materials to improve solar panel's performance

International audienceHigh operating temperatures induce a loss of efficiency in solar photovoltaic and thermal panels. This paper investigates the use of phase-change materials (PCM) to maintain the temperature of the panels close to ambient. The main focus of the study is the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling of heat and mass transfers in a system composed of an impure phase change material situated in the back of a solar panel (SP). A variation of the enthalpy method allows simulating the thermo-physical change of the material properties. The buoyancy term in Navier-Stokes' momentum conservation equation is modified through an additional term which forces the velocity field to be non-existent when the PCM is solid. For validation purposes, isotherms and velocity fields are calculated and compared to those from an experimental set-up. Results show that adding a PCM on the back of a solar panel can maintain the panel's operating temperature under 40 °C for 80 minutes under a constant solar radiation of 1000 W/m2
The Hidden side of SERPINB1/Leukocyte Elastase Inhibitor

International audienceSERPINB1, also called Leukocyte Elastase Inhibitor (LEI) is amember of the clade B of SERPINS . It is an intracellular protein andacts primarily to protect the cell from proteases released into thecytoplasm during stress. Its role in inflammation is clear due to itsinvolvement in the resolution of chronic inflammatory lung and boweldiseases. LEI/SERPINB1 intrinsically possesses two enzymatic activities:an antiprotease activity dependent on its reactive site loop, which isanalogous to the other proteins of the family and an endonucleaseactivity which is unveiled by the cleavage of the reactive site loop. Theconformational change induced by this cleavage also unveils a bipartitenuclear localization signal allowing the protein to translocate to thenucleus. Recent data indicate that it has also a role in cell migrationsuggesting that it could be involved in diverse processes like woundhealing and malignant metastases
Metamorphic core complexes vs. synkinematic plutons in continental extension setting: insights from key structures (Shandong Province, eastern China)

International audienceContinental extension is an important geodynamical process mostly diagnostic of a peculiar behaviour of the crust accommodated by geological structures that highlight these specific conditions in the crust. Though a Metamorphic Core Complex (MCC) reveals a much stronger crustal extension than a synkinematic pluton, the nature of those two structures implies different implications in terms of crustal extension mechanisms and geodynamic significations. In eastern Asia, a major continental extensional event occurred during Mesozoic and early Cenozoic times. The resulting various extensional events described in previous studies consist in large intracontinental basins, important volcanism, emplacement of plutons in the upper-crust and exhumation of MCCs. An efficient description of MCCs and plutons in eastern Asia is essential to discriminate important differences of those two structures in terms of strain amount undergone by continental crust and geodynamic significations. In that way, an integrated structural and geophysical study has been realized to precisely discriminate the structure in the Jiaodong Peninsula (Shandong Province, eastern China), previously regarded as simple sheared plutons. A succession of three main stages have been identified all pertaining to a NW-SE extensional setting: (1) the exhumation of the Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Linglong MCC below the SE-dipping Linglong detachment fault, (2) the emplacement of the Guojialing syntectonic pluton below the N-dipping extensional Guojialing intracrustal shear zone (130-124 Ma) and (3) a penetrative brittle normal faulting associated with gold mineralizations (not, vert, similar120 Ma). As a result, the maximum amount of extension in Jiaodong Peninsula, characterized by partially-melted lower to middle crust upward into the Linglong MCC should be revised to Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous period
A part of cholinergic fibers in mouse superior cervical ganglia contain GABA or glutamate

The localizations and functions of glutamate and GABA, the major amino acid
	neurotransmitters in the central nervous system, are still unclear in the peripheral
	nervous system. We immunohistochemically double-stained mouse superior cervical
	ganglia with antibodies for the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAchT), GAD65, the
	vesicular glutamate transporters 1-3 (VGluTs1-3), the marker of the sympathetic
	preganglionic neuron (SPN), GABAergic, and glutamatergic terminals, respectively. All
	GAD65-positive terminals showed VAchT-immunoreactivity, indicating that GABAergic
	fibers originate from SPNs. VGluT2-immunoreactive terminals showing colocalization
	with VAchT were observed, but VGluT1 and 3 immunoreactive terminals were not.
	Colocalization of GAD65 and VGluT2 was rarely found. All VGluT2-immunopositive
	terminals were also immunopositive for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), a
	marker for the subpopulation of the SPNs, while about half of the
	GABA-immunopositive fibers were immunopositive for nNOS. The origin of these fibers
	was discussed
Gaussian Optical Ising Machines

It has recently been shown that optical parametric oscillator (OPO) Ising
machines, consisting of coupled optical pulses circulating in a cavity with
parametric gain, can be used to probabilistically find low-energy states of
Ising spin systems. In this work, we study optical Ising machines that operate
under simplified Gaussian dynamics. We show that these dynamics are sufficient
for reaching probabilities of success comparable to previous work. Based on
this result, we propose modified optical Ising machines with simpler designs
that do not use parametric gain yet achieve similar performance, thus
suggesting a route to building much larger systems.Comment: 6 page
Reaction pathways in the solid state synthesis of multiferroic BiFeO 3

The obtaining of multiferroicBiFeO3 as a pure single-phase product is particularly complex since the formation of secondary phases seems to be unavoidable. The process by which these secondary impurities are formed is studied by analyzing the diffusion and solidstate reactivity of the Bi2O3–Fe2O3 system. Experimental evidence is reported which indicates that the progressive diffusion of Bi3+ ions into the Fe2O3 particles governs the solidstatesynthesis of the perovskite BiFeO3 phase. However a competition is established between the diffusion process which tends to complete the formation of BiFeO3, and the crystallization of stable Bi2Fe4O9 mullite crystals, which tend to block that formation reaction
Random matrix ensembles of time correlation matrices to analyze visual lifelogs

Visual lifelogging is the process of automatically recording images and other sensor data for the purpose of aiding memory recall. Such lifelogs are usually created using wearable cameras. Given the vast amount of images that are maintained in a visual lifelog, it is a significant challenge for users to deconstruct a sizeable collection of images into meaningful events. In this paper, random matrix theory (RMT) is applied to a cross-correlation matrix C, constructed using SenseCam lifelog data streams to identify such events. The analysis reveals a number of eigenvalues that deviate from the spectrum suggested by RMT. The components of the deviating eigenvectors are found to correspond to “distinct significant events” in the visual lifelogs. Finally, the cross-correlation matrix C is cleaned by separating the noisy part from the non-noisy part. Overall, the RMT technique is shown to be useful to detect major events in SenseCam images
On the Resolution of Critical Flow Regions in Inviscid Linear And Nonlinear Instability Calculations

Numerical methods for tackling the inviscid instability problem are discussed. Convergence is demon- strated to be a necessary, but not a sufficient condition for accuracy. Inviscid flow physics set requirements regarding grid-point distribution in order for physically accurate results to be obtained. These requirements are relevant to the viscous problem also and are shown to be related to the resolution of the critical layers. In this respect, high-resolution nonlinear calculations based on the inviscid initial-boundary-value problem are presented for a model shear-layer flow, aiming at identification of the regions that require attention in the course of high-Reynolds-number viscous calculations. The results bear a remarkable resemblance with those pertinent to viscous flow, with a cascade of high-shear regions being shed towards the vortex-core centre as time progresses. In parallel, numerical instability related to the finite-time singularity of the nonlinear equations solved globally contaminates and eventually destroys the simulations, irrespective of resolution
Simulating Hamiltonian dynamics using many-qudit Hamiltonians and local unitary control

When can a quantum system of finite dimension be used to simulate another quantum system of finite dimension? What restricts the capacity of one system to simulate another? In this paper we complete the program of studying what simulations can be done with entangling many-qudit Hamiltonians and local unitary control. By entangling we mean that every qudit is coupled to every other qudit, at least indirectly. We demonstrate that the only class of finite-dimensional entangling Hamiltonians that are not universal for simulation is the class of entangling Hamiltonians on qubits whose Pauli operator expansion contains only terms coupling an odd number of systems, as identified by Bremner [Phys. Rev. A 69, 012313 (2004)]. We show that in all other cases entangling many-qudit Hamiltonians are universal for simulation
Properties of simple metals beyond the local density approximation of density functional theory

We calculated lattice parameters, binding energies, bulk moduli, and phase stabilities of some simple metals: Li, Be, Na, Mg, and Al. Our ab initio all-electron calculations were done within the framework of density functional theory using the Crystal-98 program. The accuracy of different functionals for exchange and correlation energies that go beyond the local density approximation (LDA) was tested. The recent metageneralized gradient approximation proposed from Perdew et al. (Phys Rev Lett 1999, 82, 2544) gives lattice parameters that are better than the LDA values but not always better than the results of generalized gradient approximation. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2003http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qua.1039
The Phase Space as a New Representation of the Dynamical Behaviour of Temperature and Enthalpy in a Reefer monitored with a Multidistributed Sensors Network

The study of temperature gradients in cold stores and containers is a critical issue in the food industry for the quality assurance of products during transport, as well as forminimizing losses. The objective of this work is to develop a new methodology of data analysis based on phase space graphs of temperature and enthalpy, collected by means of multidistributed, low cost and autonomous wireless sensors and loggers. A transoceanic refrigerated transport of lemons in a reefer container ship from Montevideo (Uruguay) to Cartagena (Spain) was monitored with a network of 39 semi-passive TurboTag RFID loggers and 13 i-button loggers. Transport included intermodal transit from transoceanic to short shipping vessels and a truck trip. Data analysis is carried out using qualitative phase diagrams computed on the basis of Takens?Ruelle reconstruction of attractors. Fruit stress is quantified in terms of the phase diagram area which characterizes the cyclic behaviour of temperature. Areas within the enthalpy phase diagram computed for the short sea shipping transport were 5 times higher than those computed for the long sea shipping, with coefficients of variation above 100% for both periods. This new methodology for data analysis highlights the significant heterogeneity of  thermohygrometric conditions at different locations in the container
Parametric ordering of complex systems

Cellular automata (CA) dynamics are ordered in terms of two global
parameters, computable {\sl a priori} from the description of rules. While one
of them (activity) has been used before, the second one is new; it estimates
the average sensitivity of rules to small configurational changes. For two
well-known families of rules, the Wolfram complexity Classes cluster
satisfactorily. The observed simultaneous occurrence of sharp and smooth
transitions from ordered to disordered dynamics in CA can be explained with the
two-parameter diagram
Higher Order BLG Supersymmetry Transformations from 10-Dimensional Super
  Yang Mills

We study a Simple Route for constructing the higher order
Bagger-Lambert-Gustavsson theory - both supersymmetry transformations and
Lagrangian - starting from knowledge of only the $10$-dimensional Super Yang
Mills Fermion Supersymmetry transformation. We are able to uniquely determine
the four-derivative order corrected supersymmetry transformations, to lowest
non-trivial order in Fermions, for the most general three-algebra theory. For
the special case of Euclidean three-algbera, we reproduce the result presented
in arXiv:$1207.1208$, with significantly less labour. In addition, we apply our
method to calculate the quadratic fermion terms in the higher order BLG fermion
supersymmetry transformation.Comment: 15 page
Extra Dimensions, Isosinglet Charged Leptons and Neutrino Factories

Isosinglet fermions naturally arise in a variety of extensions of the Standard Model, in particular in models with extra dimensions. In this paper, we study the effect of the addition of a new isosinglet charged lepton to the standard spectrum, with special emphasis on implications for neutrino asymmetries to be measured at future neutrino factories. Lepton flavour violation in neutral current and lepton universality constraints are extensively discussed. We show that new physics effects in $\nu_e-\nu_{\mu}$ CP asymmetries are significantly enhanced due to leptonic maximal mixings but still too small to give a signature at future neutrino factories. A signal for CP asymmetries in $\nu_{\mu}-\nu_{\tau}$ channel due to new physics could be observed at $1-3 \sigma$ if lepton flavour violating $\tau$ decays are seen in a very close future in B-factories like BELLE experiment
Three-dimensional planar model estimation using multi-constraint knowledge based on k-means and RANSAC

Plane model extraction from three-dimensional point clouds is a necessary step in many different applications such as planar object reconstruction, indoor mapping and indoor localization. Different RANdom SAmple Consensus (RANSAC)-based methods have been proposed for this purpose in recent years. In this study, we propose a novel method-based on RANSAC called Multiplane Model Estimation, which can estimate multiple plane models simultaneously from a noisy point cloud using the knowledge extracted from a scene (or an object) in order to reconstruct it accurately. This method comprises two steps: first, it clusters the data into planar faces that preserve some constraints defined by knowledge related to the object (e.g., the angles between faces); and second, the models of the planes are estimated based on these data using a novel multi-constraint RANSAC. We performed experiments in the clustering and RANSAC stages, which showed that the proposed method performed better than state-of-the-art methods