pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Studies on University Professors’ Emotional Burnout

AbstractThe article represents the results of the studies on the emotional burnout of Siberian Federal University professors (Krasnoyarsk, Russia). With the help of a small sample group the authors of the article reveal peculiarities of emotional burnout in connection with humane or engineering direction of lecturers’ work and their type of thinking. The materials of the work allow us specifying and extending scientific ideas on the specificity of emotional burnout development, its reasons and peculiarities. These data can be used in comparative studies of emotional burnout among representatives of related or different professions. The results of the studies allow selecting psychological and pedagogical model of emotional burnout syndrome prevention and correction for university professors
Primary cilia disassembly down-regulates mechanosensitive hedgehog signalling: a feedback mechanism controlling ADAMTS-5 expression in chondrocytes

SummaryObjectiveHedgehog signalling is mediated by the primary cilium and promotes cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis. Primary cilia are influenced by pathological stimuli and cilia length and prevalence are increased in osteoarthritic cartilage. This study aims to investigate the relationship between mechanical loading, hedgehog signalling and cilia disassembly in articular chondrocytes.MethodsPrimary bovine articular chondrocytes were subjected to cyclic tensile strain (CTS; 0.33 Hz, 10% or 20% strain). Hedgehog pathway activation (Ptch1, Gli1) and A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs 5 (ADAMTS-5) expression were assessed by real-time PCR. A chondrocyte cell line generated from the Tg737ORPK mouse was used to investigate the role of the cilium in this response. Cilia length and prevalence were quantified by immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy.ResultsMechanical strain upregulates Indian hedgehog expression and activates hedgehog signalling. Ptch1, Gli1 and ADAMTS-5 expression were increased following 10% CTS, but not 20% CTS. Pathway activation requires a functioning primary cilium and is not observed in Tg737ORPK cells lacking cilia. Mechanical loading significantly reduced cilium length such that cilia became progressively shorter with increasing strain magnitude. Inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a tubulin deacetylase, prevented cilia disassembly and restored mechanosensitive hedgehog signalling and ADAMTS-5 expression at 20% CTS.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates for the first time that mechanical loading activates primary cilia-mediated hedgehog signalling and ADAMTS-5 expression in adult articular chondrocytes, but that this response is lost at high strains due to HDAC6-mediated cilia disassembly. The study provides new mechanistic insight into the role of primary cilia and mechanical loading in articular cartilage
Logarithmic corrections to the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy for five-dimensional black holes and de Sitter spaces

AbstractWe calculate corrections to the Bekenstein–Hawking entropy formula for the five-dimensional topological AdS (TAdS)-black holes and topological de Sitter (TdS) spaces due to thermal fluctuations. We can derive all thermal properties of the TdS spaces from those of the TAdS black holes by replacing k by −k. Also we obtain the same correction to the Cardy–Verlinde formula for TAdS and TdS cases including the cosmological horizon of the Schwarzschild–de Sitter (SdS) black hole. Finally we discuss the AdS/CFT and dS/CFT correspondences and their dynamic correspondences
Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin levels reflect damage to glomeruli, proximal tubules, and distal nephrons

Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (Ngal or lipocalin 2) is a very early and sensitive biomarker of kidney injury. Here we determined the origin and time course of Ngal appearance in several experimental and clinically relevant renal diseases. Urinary Ngal levels were found to be markedly increased in lipoatrophic- and streptozotocin-induced mouse models of diabetic nephropathy. In the latter mice, the angiotensin receptor blocker candesartan dramatically decreased urinary Ngal excretion. The reabsorption of Ngal by the proximal tubule was severely reduced in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, but upregulation of its mRNA and protein in the kidney was negligible, compared to those of control mice, suggesting that increased urinary Ngal was mainly due to impaired renal reabsorption. In the mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction, Ngal protein synthesis was dramatically increased in the dilated thick ascending limb of Henle and N was found in the urine present in the swollen pelvis of the ligated kidney. Five patients with nephrotic syndrome or interstitial nephritis had markedly elevated urinary Ngal levels at presentation, but these decreased in response to treatment. Our study shows that the urinary Ngal level may be useful for monitoring the status and treatment of diverse renal diseases reflecting defects in glomerular filtration barrier, proximal tubule reabsorption, and distal nephrons
Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment Part 2 – Modelling

AbstractAn oceanic two-phase plume model is developed to include bubble size distribution and bubble interactions, applied to the prediction of CO2 bubble plume and CO2 solution dynamics observed from the recent QICS field experiment in the Scottish sea at Ardmucknish Bay. Observations show bubbles form at between 2 and 12mm in diameter, where the inclusion of the interactions within the simulations brings results of bubble plumes closer to that of the experiment. Under a given leakage flux, simulations show that the bubble size affects the maximum pCO2 dissolved in the water column, while the bubble interactions affect the vertical bubble distribution. The maximum modelled pCO2 increases from a background 360μatm to 400, 427 and 443μatm as CO2 injection rates increase from 80, 170 to 208kg/day respectively at low tide. An increase of the leakage rate to 100% of the injection rate shows the maximum pCO2 could be 713μatm, approaching the mean pCO2 observed of 740μatm during the high leakage component of the experiment, suggesting that the flux may be greater than estimated due to the varied flux and activity across the pockmarks during the leakages
A unique Z4R symmetry for the MSSM

AbstractWe consider the possible anomaly free Abelian discrete symmetries of the MSSM that forbid the μ-term at perturbative order. Allowing for anomaly cancellation via the Green–Schwarz mechanism we identify discrete R-symmetries as the only possibility and prove that there is a unique Z4R symmetry that commutes with SO(10). We argue that non-perturbative effects will generate a μ-term of electroweak order thus solving the μ-problem. The non-perturbative effects break the Z4R symmetry leaving an exact Z2 matter parity. As a result dimension four baryon- and lepton-number violating operators are absent while, at the non-perturbative level, dimension five baryon- and lepton-number violating operators get induced but are highly suppressed so that the nucleon decay rate is well within present bounds
Coherent QCD multiple scattering in proton–nucleus collisions

AbstractWe argue that high energy proton–nucleus (p + A) collisions provide an excellent laboratory for studying nuclear size enhanced parton multiple scattering where power corrections to the leading twist perturbative QCD factorization approach can be systematically computed. We identify and resum these corrections and calculate the centrality- and rapidity-dependent nuclear suppression of single and double inclusive hadron production at moderate transverse momenta. We demonstrate that both spectra and dihadron correlations in p + A reactions are sensitive measures of such dynamical nuclear attenuation effects
Multi-site study of surgical practice in neurosurgery based on surgical process models

AbstractSurgical Process Modelling (SPM) was introduced to improve understanding the different parameters that influence the performance of a Surgical Process (SP). Data acquired from SPM methodology is enormous and complex. Several analysis methods based on comparison or classification of Surgical Process Models (SPMs) have previously been proposed. Such methods compare a set of SPMs to highlight specific parameters explaining differences between populations of patients, surgeons or systems. In this study, procedures performed at three different international University hospitals were compared using SPM methodology based on a similarity metric focusing on the sequence of activities occurring during surgery. The proposed approach is based on Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) algorithm combined with a clustering algorithm. SPMs of 41 Anterior Cervical Discectomy (ACD) surgeries were acquired at three Neurosurgical departments; in France, Germany, and Canada. The proposed approach distinguished the different surgical behaviors according to the location where surgery was performed as well as between the categorized surgical experience of individual surgeons. We also propose the use of Multidimensional Scaling to induce a new space of representation of the sequences of activities. The approach was compared to a time-based approach (e.g. duration of surgeries) and has been shown to be more precise. We also discuss the integration of other criteria in order to better understand what influences the way the surgeries are performed. This first multi-site study represents an important step towards the creation of robust analysis tools for processing SPMs. It opens new perspectives for the assessment of surgical approaches, tools or systems as well as objective assessment and comparison of surgeon’s expertise
The Dynamics of Individual Nucleosomes Controls the Chromatin Condensation Pathway: Direct Atomic Force Microscopy Visualization of Variant Chromatin

AbstractChromatin organization and dynamics is studied at scales ranging from single nucleosome to nucleosomal array by using a unique combination of biochemical assays, single molecule imaging technique, and numerical modeling. We show that a subtle modification in the nucleosome structure induced by the histone variant H2A.Bbd drastically modifies the higher order organization of the nucleosomal arrays. Importantly, as directly visualized by atomic force microscopy, conventional H2A nucleosomal arrays exhibit specific local organization, in contrast to H2A.Bbd arrays, which show “beads on a string” structure. The combination of systematic image analysis and theoretical modeling allows a quantitative description relating the observed gross structural changes of the arrays to their local organization. Our results suggest strongly that higher-order organization of H1-free nucleosomal arrays is determined mainly by the fluctuation properties of individual nucleosomes. Moreover, numerical simulations suggest the existence of attractive interactions between nucleosomes to provide the degree of compaction observed for conventional chromatin fibers
Introduction to Khovanov homologies. III. A new and simple tensor-algebra construction of Khovanov–Rozansky invariants

AbstractWe continue to develop the tensor-algebra approach to knot polynomials with the goal to present the story in elementary and comprehensible form. The previously reviewed description of Khovanov cohomologies for the gauge group of rank N−1=1 was based on the cut-and-join calculus of the planar cycles, which are involved rather artificially. We substitute them by alternative and natural set of cycles, not obligatory planar. Then the whole construction is straightforwardly lifted from SL(2) to SL(N) and reproduces Khovanov–Rozansky (KR) polynomials, simultaneously for all values of N. No matrix factorization and related tedious calculations are needed in such approach, which can therefore become not only conceptually, but also practically useful
Relating quarks and leptons with the T7 flavour group

AbstractIn this letter we present a model for quarks and leptons based on T7 as flavour symmetry, predicting a canonical mass relation between charged leptons and down-type quarks proposed earlier. Neutrino masses are generated through a Type-I seesaw mechanism, with predicted correlations between the atmospheric mixing angle and neutrino masses. Compatibility with oscillation results leads to lower bounds for the lightest neutrino mass as well as for the neutrinoless double beta decay rates, even for normal neutrino mass hierarchy
On the maximum disjoint paths problem on edge-colored graphs

AbstractWe study the problem of finding the maximum number of disjoint uni-color paths in an edge-colored graph. We show the NP-hardness and the approximability and present approximation and exact algorithms. We also study the length-bounded version of the problem, in which the numbers of edges of the found paths are required to be upper bounded by a fixed integer l. It is shown that the problem can be solved in polynomial time for l≤3 and is NP-hard for l≥4. We also show that the problem can be approximated with ratio (l−1)/2+ε in polynomial time for any ε>0. Particularly, for l=4, we present an efficient 2-approximation algorithm
Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of deficiency modules

AbstractLet d∈N and let M be a finitely generated graded module of dimension ⩽d over a Noetherian homogeneous ring R with local Artinian base ring R0. Let beg(M), gendeg(M) and reg(M) respectively denote the beginning, the generating degree and the Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of M. If i∈N0 and n∈Z, let dMi(n) denote the R0-length of the n-th graded component of the i-th R+-transform module DR+i(M) of M and let Ki(M) denote the i-th deficiency module of M.Our main result says, that reg(Ki(M)) is bounded in terms of beg(M) and the “diagonal values” dMj(−j) with j=0,…,d−1. As an application of this we get a number of further bounding results for reg(Ki(M))
Evaluation of green walls as a passive acoustic insulation system for buildings

AbstractGreenery on buildings is being consolidated as an interesting way to improve the quality of life in urban environments. Among the benefits that are associated with greenery systems for buildings, such as energy savings, biodiversity support, and storm-water control, there is also noise attenuation. Despite the fact that green walls are one of the most promising building greenery systems, few studies of their sound insulation potential have been conducted. In addition, there are different types of green walls; therefore, available data for this purpose are not only sparse but also scattered. To gather knowledge about the contribution of vertical greenery systems to noise reduction, especially a modular-based green wall, two different standardised laboratory tests were conducted. The main results were a weighted sound reduction index (Rw) of 15dB and a weighted sound absorption coefficient (α) of 0.40. It could be concluded that green walls have significant potential as a sound insulation tool for buildings but that some design adjustments should be performed, such as improving the efficiency of sealing the joints between the modular pieces
The 16th Hilbert problem on algebraic limit cycles

AbstractFor real planar polynomial differential systems there appeared a simple version of the 16th Hilbert problem on algebraic limit cycles: Is there an upper bound on the number of algebraic limit cycles of all polynomial vector fields of degree m? In [J. Llibre, R. Ramírez, N. Sadovskaia, On the 16th Hilbert problem for algebraic limit cycles, J. Differential Equations 248 (2010) 1401–1409] Llibre, Ramírez and Sadovskaia solved the problem, providing an exact upper bound, in the case of invariant algebraic curves generic for the vector fields, and they posed the following conjecture: Is 1+(m−1)(m−2)/2 the maximal number of algebraic limit cycles that a polynomial vector field of degree m can have?In this paper we will prove this conjecture for planar polynomial vector fields having only nodal invariant algebraic curves. This result includes the Llibre et al.ʼs as a special one. For the polynomial vector fields having only non-dicritical invariant algebraic curves we answer the simple version of the 16th Hilbert problem
Peccei–Quinn field for inflation, baryogenesis, dark matter, and much more

AbstractWe propose a scenario of brane cosmology in which the Peccei–Quinn field plays the role of the inflaton and solves simultaneously many cosmological and phenomenological issues such as the generation of a heavy Majorana mass for the right-handed neutrinos needed for seesaw mechanism, MSSM μ-parameter, the right amount of baryon number asymmetry and dark matter relic density at the present universe, together with an axion solution to the strong CP problem without the domain wall obstacle. Interestingly, the scales of the soft SUSY-breaking mass parameter and those of the breaking of U(1)PQ symmetry are lower bounded at O(10) TeV and O(1011) GeV, respectively
Physical gluons and high-ET jets

AbstractWe propose a more physical parameterization of the gluon distribution for global parton analyses of deep inelastic and related hard scattering data. In the new parameterization the gluon distribution at large x in the MS¯-scheme is driven by the valence quarks, which naturally produces a shoulder-like form at high x, and hence produces a better description of the Tevatron inclusive jet data. We perform the new analysis at both NLO and NNLO. The improvement is found to be even better at NNLO than at NLO. We make available the new sets of NLO and NNLO partons, which we denote by MRST2004
Towards saturation of the electron-capture delayed fission probability: The new isotopes 240Es and 236Bk

AbstractThe new neutron-deficient nuclei 240Es and 236Bk were synthesised at the gas-filled recoil separator RITU. They were identified by their radioactive decay chains starting from 240Es produced in the fusion–evaporation reaction 209Bi(34S,3n)240Es. Half-lives of 6(2)s and 22−6+13s were obtained for 240Es and 236Bk, respectively. Two groups of α particles with energies Eα=8.19(3)MeV and 8.09(3)MeV were unambiguously assigned to 240Es. Electron-capture delayed fission branches with probabilities of 0.16(6) and 0.04(2) were measured for 240Es and 236Bk, respectively. These new data show a continuation of the exponential increase of ECDF probabilities in more neutron-deficient isotopes
Relation between proton decay and PMNS phase in the minimal SUSY SO(10) GUT

AbstractProton decay is one of the most important predictions of the grand unified theory (GUT). In the supersymmetric (SUSY) GUT, proton decays via the dimension-five operators need to be suppressed. In the SO(10) model where 10+126‾ Higgs fields couple to fermions, neutrino oscillation parameters including the CP-violating Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS) phase can be related to the Yukawa couplings to generate the dimension-five operators in the unified framework. We show how the suppressed proton decay depends on the PMNS phase, and stress the importance of the precise measurements of the PMNS phase as well as the neutrino 23-mixing angle. These become especially important if the SUSY particles are found around less than a few TeV at LHC and proton decays are observed at Hyper-Kamiokande and DUNE experiments in the near future
Reducing the land use of EU pork production: where there’s swill, there’s a way

AbstractLivestock production occupies approximately 75% of agricultural land, consumes 35% of the world’s grain, and produces 14.5% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. With demand for meat and dairy products forecast to increase 60% by 2050, there is a pressing need to reduce the footprint of livestock farming. Food wastes have a long history as a source of environmentally benign animal feed, but their inclusion in feed is currently banned in the EU because of disease control concerns. A number of East Asian states have in the last 20years, however, introduced regulated, centralised systems for safely recycling food wastes into animal feed. This study quantifies the land use savings that could be realised by changing EU legislation to promote the use of food wastes as animal feed and reviews the policy, public, and industry barriers to the use of food waste as feed. Our results suggest that the application of existing technologies could reduce the land use of EU pork (20% of world production) by one fifth, potentially saving 1.8million hectares of agricultural land. While swill presents a low-cost, low-impact animal feed, widespread adoption would require efforts to address consumer and farmer concerns over food safety and disease control
Possible evidence for radial flow of heavy mesons in d+Au collisions

AbstractRecent measurements of particle correlations and the spectra of hadrons at both RHIC and the LHC are suggestive of hydrodynamic behavior in very small collision systems (p+Pb, d+Au and possibly high multiplicity p+p collisions at the LHC). The measurements in p+Pb and d+Au collisions are both qualitatively and quantitatively similar to what is seen in heavy ion collisions where low viscosity hot nuclear matter is formed. While light quarks and gluons are thought to make up the bulk matter, one of the most surprising results in heavy ion collisions is that charm quarks also have a large v2. Measurements of the transverse momentum spectra of electrons from the decay of D and B mesons in d+Au collisions show an enhancement in central collisions relative to p+p collisions. We employ the blast-wave model to determine if the flow of heavy quarks in d+Au and p+Pb collisions is able to explain the enhancement observed in the data. We find a reasonable description of the data with blast-wave parameters extracted from fits to the light hadron spectra, suggesting hydrodynamics as a possible explanation
Dynamic Photoluminescence Lifetime Imaging for Injection-dependent Lifetime Measurements

AbstractWe investigate the impact of an injection-dependent carrier lifetime in crystalline silicon on dynamic photoluminescence lifetime imaging (dynamic PLI). Although the dynamic lifetime approach is a technique that evaluates the time-dependence of a quantity proportional to the excess carrier density, it is only weakly influenced by the injection-level dependence of the lifetime. The reason for the little impact is the fact that the evaluation of dynamic PLI measurements does not only involve the decay of the carrier density, as it is common for photoconductance decay measurements, but also the increase of the carrier density directly after switching on the excitation source. In this contribution, we present injection-dependent lifetime measurements that are acquired with the camera-based dynamic PLI technique. We find that the deviation of the actual steady-state carrier lifetime from the lifetime obtained with dynamic PLI is less than 20 % for a wide range of measurement conditions
Cytogenomic characterization of an unexpected 17.6Mb 9p deletion associated to a 14.8Mb 20p duplication in a dysmorphic patient with multiple congenital anomalies presenting a normal G-banding karyotype

AbstractWe describe a female patient with developmental delay, dysmorphic features and multiple congenital anomalies who presented a normal G-banded karyotype at the 550-band resolution. Array and multiplex-ligation probe amplification (MLPA) techniques identified an unexpected large unbalanced genomic aberration: a 17.6Mb deletion of 9p associated to a 14.8Mb duplication of 20p. The deleted 9p genes, especially CER1 and FREM1, seem to be more relevant to the phenotype than the duplicated 20p genes. This study also shows the relevance of using molecular techniques to make an accurate diagnosis in patients with dysmorphic features and multiple anomalies suggestive of chromosome aberration, even if on G-banding their karyotype appears to be normal. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was necessary to identify a masked balanced translocation in the patient's mother, indicating the importance of associating cytogenetic and molecular techniques in clinical genetics, given the implications for patient management and genetic counseling