pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Linking Reputations: The Signaling and Feedback Effects of Umbrella Branding

This paper develops a theory of umbrella branding as a way to link the reputations of otherwise unrelated products. I show that while umbrella branding can credibly signal
positive quality correlation, there are no equilibria in which umbrella branding either fully reveals high quality, or signals negative quality correlation. Finally, whenever umbrella branding signals perfect positive quality correlation, firms that already produce high quality
products have stronger incentives to invest in developing further high quality products than firms that are currently inactive or produce low quality products.
XKlaim and Klava: Programming Mobile Code

Highly distributed networks have now become a common infrastructure for a new kind of wide-area distributed applications whose key design principle is network awareness, namely the ability to deal with dynamic changes of the network environment. Network-aware computing has called for new programming languages that exploit the mobility paradigm as the basic interaction mechanism. In this paper we present the Klaim (Kernel Language for Agent Interaction and Mobility) framework for programming mobile code applications, namely the X Klaim programming language and the Java-based run-time system Klava. In particular, we illustrate how Klava handles mobile code. Finally, an example is shown that is implemented using this framework
Diffuse LEED intensities of disordered crystal surfaces : III. LEED investigation of the disordered (110) surface of gold

The LEED pattern of clean (101) surfaces of Au show a characteristic (1 × 2) superstructure. The diffuseness of reflections in the reciprocal [010] direction is caused by one-dimensional disorder of chains, strictly ordered into spatial [10 ] direction. There is a transition from this disordered superstructure to the normal (1 × 1) structure at 420 + 15°C. The angular profiles of the  and (01) beam are measured at various temperatures and with constant energy and angles of incidence of the primary beam. The beam profiles are deconvoluted approximately with the instrument response function.
Genome-wide meta-analysis associates HLA-DQA1/DRB1 and LPA and lifestyle factors with human longevity.

Genomic analysis of longevity offers the potential to illuminate the biology of human aging. Here, using genome-wide association meta-analysis of 606,059 parents' survival, we discover two regions associated with longevity (HLA-DQA1/DRB1 and LPA). We also validate previous suggestions that APOE, CHRNA3/5, CDKN2A/B, SH2B3 and FOXO3A influence longevity. Next we show that giving up smoking, educational attainment, openness to new experience and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels are most positively genetically correlated with lifespan while susceptibility to coronary artery disease (CAD), cigarettes smoked per day, lung cancer, insulin resistance and body fat are most negatively correlated. We suggest that the effect of education on lifespan is principally mediated through smoking while the effect of obesity appears to act via CAD. Using instrumental variables, we suggest that an increase of one body mass index unit reduces lifespan by 7 months while 1 year of education adds 11 months to expected lifespan.Variability in human longevity is genetically influenced. Using genetic data of parental lifespan, the authors identify associations at HLA-DQA/DRB1 and LPA and find that genetic variants that increase educational attainment have a positive effect on lifespan whereas increasing BMI negatively affects lifespan
The IACOB project. V. Spectroscopic parameters of the O-type stars in
  the modern grid of standards for spectral classification

The IACOB and OWN surveys are two ambitious complementary observational
projects which have made available a large multi-epoch spectroscopic database
of optical high resolution spectra of Galactic massive O-type stars. As a first
step in the study of the full sample of (more than 350) O stars surveyed by the
IACOB/OWN projects, we have performed the quantitative spectroscopic analysis
of a subsample of 128 stars included in the modern grid of O-type standards for
spectral classification. We use semi-automatized tools to determine the set of
spectroscopic parameters that can be obtained from the optical spectrum of
O-type stars. We also benefit from the multi-epoch character of the surveys to
perform a spectroscopic variability study of the sample, accounting for
spectroscopic binarity and variability of the main wind diagnostic lines. We
provide a general overview of the stellar and wind parameters of this reference
sample, and updated recipes for the SpT\,--\,Teff/log g calibrations for
Galactic O-type stars. We evaluate our semi-automatized analysis strategy with
$\sim$40 stars from the literature, and find a good agreement. The agreement
between the synthetic spectra associated with fastwind best fitting models and
the observed spectra is good for most targets, but 46 stars present a
particular behavior of the wind diagnostic lines that cannot be reproduced by
our grid of spherically symmetric unclumped models. These are potential targets
of interest for more detailed investigations of clumpy winds and/or the
existence of additional circumstellar components. Last, our variability study
has led to the detection of signatures of spectroscopic binarity in 27\% of the
stars and small amplitude radial velocity variations in the photospheric lines
of another 30\%. Additionally, 31\% of the investigated stars show variability
in the wind diagnostic lines.Comment: 20 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy &
  Astrophysic
Search for dark matter in association with a Higgs boson decaying to b-quarks in pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for dark matter pair production in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks is presented, using 3.2 fb−1 of pp   collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The decay of the Higgs boson is reconstructed as a high-momentum View the MathML sourcebb¯ system with either a pair of small-radius jets, or a single large-radius jet with substructure. The observed data are found to be consistent with the expected backgrounds. Results are interpreted using a simplified model with a Z′Z′ gauge boson mediating the interaction between dark matter and the Standard Model as well as a two-Higgs-doublet model containing an additional Z′Z′ boson which decays to a Standard Model Higgs boson and a new pseudoscalar Higgs boson, the latter decaying into a pair of dark matter particles.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT,Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Search for heavy resonances decaying into a $W$ or $Z$ boson and a Higgs
  boson in final states with leptons and $b$-jets in 36 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt s =
  13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search is conducted for new resonances decaying into a $W$ or $Z$ boson and
a 125 GeV Higgs boson in the $\nu\bar{\nu}b\bar{b}$, $\ell^{\pm}{\nu}b\bar{b}$,
and $\ell^+\ell^-b\bar{b}$ final states, where $\ell^{\pm}= e^{\pm}$ or
$\mu^{\pm}$, in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. The data used
correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ collected with
the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider during the 2015 and 2016
data-taking periods. The search is conducted by examining the reconstructed
invariant or transverse mass distributions of $Wh$ and $Zh$ candidates for
evidence of a localised excess in the mass range of 220 GeV up to 5 TeV. No
significant excess is observed and the results are interpreted in terms of
constraints on the production cross-section times branching fraction of heavy
$W^\prime$ and $Z^\prime$ resonances in heavy-vector-triplet models and the
CP-odd scalar boson $A$ in two-Higgs-doublet models. Upper limits are placed at
the 95% confidence level and range between $9.0\times 10^{-4}$ pb and
$8.1\times 10^{-1}$ pb depending on the model and mass of the resonance.Comment: 52 pages in total, author list starting page 36, 8 figures, 5 tables,
  published version including Erratum corrections available at
  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FJHEP11%282018%29051. All figures
  including auxiliary figures are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2016-1
Bending angle prediction and control of soft pneumatic actuators with embedded flex sensors: a data-driven approach

In this paper, a purely data-driven modelling approach is presented for predicting and controlling the free bending angle response of a typical soft pneumatic actuator (SPA), embedded with a resistive flex sensor. An experimental setup was constructed to test the SPA at different input pressure values and orientations, while recording the resulting feedback from the embedded flex sensor and on-board pressure sensor. A calibrated high speed camera captures image frames during the actuation, which are then analysed using an image processing program to calculate the actual bending angle and synchronise it with the recorded sensory feedback. Empirical models were derived based on the generated experimental data using two common data-driven modelling techniques; regression analysis and artificial neural networks. Both techniques were validated using a new dataset at untrained operating conditions to evaluate their prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the derived empirical model was used as part of a closed-loop PID controller to estimate and control the bending angle of the tested SPA based on the real-time sensory feedback generated. The tuned PID controller allowed the bending SPA to accurately follow stepped and sinusoidal reference signals, even in the presence of pressure leaks in the pneumatic supply. This work demonstrates how purely data-driven models can be effectively used in controlling the bending of SPAs under different operating conditions, avoiding the need for complex analytical modelling and material characterisation. Ultimately, the aim is to create more controllable soft grippers based on such SPAs with embedded sensing capabilities, to be used in applications requiring both a ‘soft touch’ as well as a more controllable object manipulation
Metabolic re-wiring of isogenic breast epithelial cell lines following epithelial to mesenchymal transition

Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) has implications in tumor progression and metastasis. Metabolic alterations have been described in cancer development but studies focused on the metabolic re-wiring that takes place during EMT are still limited. We performed metabolomics profiling of a breast epithelial cell line and its EMT derived mesenchymal phenotype to create genome-scale metabolic models descriptive of both cell lines. Glycolysis and OXPHOS were higher in the epithelial phenotype while amino acid anaplerosis and fatty acid oxidation fueled the mesenchymal phenotype. Through comparative bioinformatics analysis, PPAR-γ1, PPAR- γ2 and AP-1 were found to be the most influential transcription factors associated with metabolic re-wiring. In silico gene essentiality analysis predicts that the LAT1 neutral amino acid transporter is essential for mesenchymal cell survival. Our results define metabolic traits that distinguish an EMT derived mesenchymal cell line from its epithelial progenitor and may have implications in cancer progression and metastasis. Furthermore, the tools presented here can aid in identifying critical metabolic nodes that may serve as therapeutic targets aiming to prevent EMT and inhibit metastatic dissemination.Financial support for this work was provided by the Icelandic Research Council (Grants number: 130591-051, 130816-051 and 152358-051).Peer Reviewe
Successful uninformed bidding.

This paper provides some striking results that arise in the unique symmetric equilibrium of common value multi-unit auctions in which some bidders have more information than others. We show that in a generalized second price auction with single-unit demand, bidders with less information do surprisingly well: they can have a greater probability of winning than bidders with more information do, and may even have a higher expected utility. We also find a positive relationship between the success of less-informed bidders and a ratio of units for sale to bidders
Application of luminescence dating and geomorphological analysis to the study of landscape evolution, settlement and climate change on the Channel Island of Herm.

The optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of sands and palaeosol horizons, sampled as part of an archaeological investigation and supported by geomorphological analysis, has been applied to identify critical stages in the development of the landscape on Herm, one of the Channel Islands that lies off the coast of Guernsey, on which megalithic monuments were constructed during the Neolithic period. In particular, there were three phases of significant aeolian activity during the prehistoric period, the onsets dated by OSL in this study to ca 4, 3 and 2.3 ka ago, where the first phase marked a significant change in the long term trend of aggradation of soils that persisted during the next two millennia. OSL ages were also obtained for palaeosols in which there was evidence of ploughing, placing this activity in the late 2nd millennium BC and the 4th and 13th centuries AD. The OSL ages for basal deposits of dune sands that cover the northern part of the island indicate that they were formed by phases of intense aeolian activity during the medieval period, commencing in the 13 th century AD and continuing for several hundred years, which can be correlated with documented high intensity storms in the North Atlantic within the period 13th - 15th centuries AD. The phases of significant aeolian activity dated by OSL to ca 4 and 2 ka ago can be linked with those detected in different regions of the North Atlantic coastal areas. The availability of chronologies for aeolian horizons provides a valuable tool in the study of the evolution of coastal landscape and how past coastal communities responded to climate change
Search for New Physics via Single Top Production at the LHC

We consider single-top production as a probe for new physics effects at the
Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We argue that for natural theories a small
deviation from the Standard Model tree-level couplings in this reaction can be
parameterized by 3 higher dimension operators. Precision measurement of these
effective couplings in the single-top events, via studying their interference
effects with the SM contributions, can discriminate several new physics models.
In particular, combining the production rate of three single-top production
modes will provide a severe test of the Little Higgs model with T-parity. We
find that at the LHC, a 5% accuracy in the measurement of the single-top cross
sections would probe the new physics scale up to about $3 {\rm TeV}$.Comment: version to appear in Physics Letters
Multiwavelength optical observations of chromospherically active binary
  systems V. FF UMa (2RE J0933+624): a system with orbital period variation

This is the fifth paper in a series aimed at studying the chromospheres of
active binary systems using several optical spectroscopic indicators to obtain
or improve orbital solution and fundamental stellar parameters. We present here
the study of FF UMa (2RE J0933+624), a recently discovered, X-ray/EUV selected,
active binary with strong H_alpha emission. The objectives of this work are, to
find orbital solutions and define stellar parameters from precise radial
velocities and carry out an extensive study of the optical indicators of
chromospheric activity. We obtained high resolution echelle spectroscopic
observations during five observing runs from 1998 to 2004. We found radial
velocities by cross correlation with radial velocity standard stars to achieve
the best orbital solution. We also measured rotational velocity by
cross-correlation techniques and have studied the kinematic by galactic space-
velocity components (U, V, W) and Eggen criteria. Finally, we have determined
the chromospheric contribution in optical spectroscopic indicators, from Ca II
H & K to Ca II IRT lines, using the spectral subtraction technique. We have
found that this system presents an orbital period variation, higher than
previously detected in other RS CVn systems. We determined an improved orbital
solution, finding a circular orbit with a period of 3.274 days. We derived the
stellar parameters, confirming the subgiant nature of the primary component and
obtained rotational velocities (vsini), of 33.57 km/s and 32.38 km/s for the
primary and secondary components respectively. From our kinematic study, we can
deduce its membership to the Castor moving group. Finally, the activity study
has given us a better understanding of the possible mechanisms that produce the
orbital period variation.Comment: Latex file with 16 pages, 18 figures. Available at
  http://www.ucm.es/info/Astrof/invest/actividad/actividad_pub.html Accepted
  for publication in: Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A
Study of double parton scattering using W + 2-jet events in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Double parton scattering is investigated in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV where the final state includes a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, and two jets. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5 inverse femtobarns, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Observables sensitive to double parton scattering are investigated after being corrected for detector effects and selection efficiencies. The fraction of W + 2-jet events due to double parton scattering is measured to be 0.055 +/- 0.002 (stat.) +/- 0.014 (syst.). The effective cross section, sigma[eff], characterizing the effective transverse area of hard partonic interactions in collisions between protons is measured to be 20.7 +/- 0.8 (stat.) +/- 6.6 (syst.) mb
Waking up the golden dawn: does exposure to the refugee crisis increase support for extreme far-right parties?

Does exposure to the refugee crisis fuel support for extreme-right parties? Despite heated debates about the political repercussions of the refugee crisis in Europe, there exists very little - and sometimes conflicting - evidence with which to assess the impact of a large influx of refugees on natives' political attitudes and behavior. We provide causal evidence from a natural experiment in Greece, where some Aegean islands close to the Turkish border experienced sudden and drastic increases in the number of Syrian refugees while other islands slightly farther away - but with otherwise similar institutional and socioeconomic characteristics - did not. Placebo tests suggest that precrisis trends in vote shares for exposed and nonexposed islands were virtually identical. This allows us to obtain unbiased estimates of the electoral consequences of the refugee crisis. Our study shows that among islands that faced a massive but transient inflow of refugees passing through just before the September 2015 election, vote shares for Golden Dawn, the most extreme-right party in Europe, moderately increased by 2 percentage points (a 44 percent increase at the average). The finding that mere exposure to the refugee crisis is sufficient to fuel support for extreme-right parties has important implications for our theoretical understanding of the drivers of antirefugee backlash
Correlated  X-ray and very high energy emission in the gamma-ray binary LS I+61 303\ud

The discovery of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitting X-ray binaries has triggered an intense effort to better understand the particle acceleration, absorption, and emission mechanisms in compact binary systems, which provide variable conditions along eccentric orbits. Despite this, the nature of some of these systems, and of the accelerated particles producing the VHE emission, is unclear. To answer some of these open questions, we conducted a multiwavelength campaign of the VHE gamma-ray emitting X-ray binary LS I +61 303 including the MAGIC telescope, XMM-Newton, and Swift during 60% of an orbit in 2007 September. We detect a simultaneous outburst at X-ray and VHE bands, with the peak at phase 0.62 and a similar shape at both wavelengths. A linear fit to the simultaneous X-ray/VHE pairs obtained during the outburst yields a correlation coefficient of r = 0.97, while a linear fit to all simultaneous pairs provides r = 0.81. Since a variable absorption of the VHE emission towards the observer is not expected for the data reported here, the correlation found indicates a simultaneity in the emission processes. Assuming that they are dominated by a single particle population, either hadronic or leptonic, the X-ray/VHE flux ratio favors leptonic models. This fact, together with the detected photon indices, suggests that in LS I +61 303 the X-rays are the result of synchrotron radiation of the same electrons that produce VHE emission as a result of inverse Compton scattering of stellar photons.\u
Detecting changing river temperatures in England and Wales \ud

Changes in water temperature can have important consequences for aquatic ecosystems, with some species being sensitive even to small shifts in temperature during some or all of their lifecycle. While many studies report increasing regional and global air temperatures, evidence of changes in river water temperature has thus far been site-specific and often from sites heavily influenced by human activities that themselves could lead to warming. Here we present a tiered assessment of changing river water temperature, covering England and Wales with data from 2,773 locations. We use novel statistical approaches to detect trends in irregularly sampled spot measurements taken between 1990 and 2006. During this 17 year period, on average, mean water temperature increased by 0.03 °C per year (± 0.002 °C) and positive changes in water temperature were observed at 2,385 (86%) sites. Examination of catchments, where there has been limited human influence on hydrological response, shows that changes in river flow have had little influence on these water temperature trends. In the absence of other systematic influences on water temperature, it is inferred that anthropogenically-driven climate change is driving some of this trend in water temperature