pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Safety management in repair, maintenance, minor alteration and addition works : a knowledge management perspective

Safety of repair, maintenance, alteration and addition (RMAA) works has long been neglected because RMAA works are often minute and only last for a short period of time. With rising importance of the RMAA sector in many developed societies, safety of RMAA works has begun to draw attention. Many RMAA contracting companies are small and medium-sizedenterprises (SMEs) which do not have comprehensive safety management systems. Existing safety legislation and regulations for new construction sites are not fully applicable to RMAA works. Instead of relying on explicit and well established safety systems, tacit safety knowledge plays an extremely important role in RMAA projects. To improve safety of RMAA works, safety knowledge should be better managed. However, safety knowledge is difficult to capture in RMAA works. This study aims to examine safety management practices of RMAA contracting companies to see how safety knowledge of RMAA projects is managed. Findings show that RMAA contracting companies undertaking large scale RMAA projects have more initiatives of safety management. Safety management of small scale RMAA works relies heavily on the motivation of site supervisors and self-regulation of workers. Better tacit knowledge management improves safety performance. To enhance safety capability of RMAA contracting companies, a knowledge sharing culture should be cultivated. The government should provide assistance to SMEs to implement proper safety management practices in small-sized projects. Potentials of applying computer software technology in RMAA projects to capture, store, and retrieve safety information should be explored. Employees should be motivated to share safety knowledge by giving proper recognition to those who are willing to share.Department of Building and Real EstateAuthor name used in this manuscript: Carol. K. H. Hon2013-2014 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalpreprint_postprin
Measurement of the centrality dependence of the charged particle pseudorapidity distribution in lead-lead collisions at √(sNN)=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The ATLAS experiment at the LHC has measured the centrality dependence of charged particle pseudorapidity distributions over vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2 in lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. In order to include particles with transverse momentum as low as 30 MeV, the data were recorded with the central solenoid magnet off. Charged particles were reconstructed with two algorithms (2-point ¿tracklets¿ and full tracks) using information from the pixel detector only. The lead-lead collision centrality was characterized by the total transverse energy in the forward calorimeter in the range 3.2 < vertical bar eta vertical bar< 4.9. Measurements are presented of the per-event charged particle pseudorapidity distribution, dN(ch)/d eta, and the average charged particle multiplicity in the pseudorapidity interval vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.5 in several intervals of collision centrality. The results are compared to previous mid-rapidity measurements at the LHC and RHIC. The variation of the mid-rapidity charged particle yield per colliding nucleon pair with the number of participants is consistent with lower root s(NN) results. The shape of the dN(ch)/d eta distribution is found to be independent of centrality within the systematic uncertainties of the measurement
Multi-wave coherent control of a solid-state single emitter

The authors acknowledge support by the European Research Council Starting Grant 'PICSEN' contract no. 306387.Coherent control of individual two-level systems (TLSs) is at the basis of any implementation of quantum information. An impressive level of control is now achieved using nuclear, vacancies and charge spins. Manipulation of bright exciton transitions in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) is less advanced, principally due to the sub-nanosecond dephasing. Conversely, owing to their robust coupling to light, one can apply tools of nonlinear spectroscopy to achieve all-optical command. Here, we report on the coherent manipulation of an exciton via multi-wave mixing. Specifically, we employ three resonant pulses driving a single InAs QD. The first two induce a four-wave mixing (FWM) transient, which is projected onto a six-wave mixing (SWM) depending on the delay and area of the third pulse, in agreement with analytical predictions. Such a switch enables to demonstrate the generation of SWM on a single emitter and to engineer the spectro-temporal shape of the coherent response originating from a TLS. These results pave the way toward multi-pulse manipulations of solid state qubits via implementing the NMR-like control schemes in the optical domain.PostprintPeer reviewe
Quasi-two-body decays $B\to K\rho\to K\pi\pi$ in perturbative QCD
  approach

We analyze the quasi-two-body decays $B\to K\rho\to K\pi\pi$ in the
perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach, in which final-state interactions between the
pions in the resonant regions associated with the $P$-wave states $\rho(770)$
and $\rho^\prime(1450)$ are factorized into two-pion distribution amplitudes.
Adopting experimental inputs for the time-like pion form factors involved in
two-pion distribution amplitudes, we calculate branching ratios and direct $CP$
asymmetries of the $B\to K\rho(770),K\rho^\prime(1450)\to K\pi\pi$ modes. It is
shown that agreement of theoretical results with data can be achieved, through
which Gegenbauer moments of the $P$-wave two-pion distribution amplitudes are
determined. The consistency between the three-body and two-body analyses of the
$B\to K\rho(770)\to K\pi\pi$ decays supports the PQCD factorization framework
for exclusive hadronic $B$ meson decays.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Evidence for a mixed mass composition at the `ankle' in the cosmic-ray
  spectrum

We report a first measurement for ultra-high energy cosmic rays of the
correlation between the depth of shower maximum and the signal in the water
Cherenkov stations of air-showers registered simultaneously by the fluorescence
and the surface detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Such a correlation
measurement is a unique feature of a hybrid air-shower observatory with
sensitivity to both the electromagnetic and muonic components. It allows an
accurate determination of the spread of primary masses in the cosmic-ray flux.
Up till now, constraints on the spread of primary masses have been dominated by
systematic uncertainties. The present correlation measurement is not affected
by systematics in the measurement of the depth of shower maximum or the signal
in the water Cherenkov stations. The analysis relies on general characteristics
of air showers and is thus robust also with respect to uncertainties in
hadronic event generators. The observed correlation in the energy range around
the `ankle' at $\lg(E/{\rm eV})=18.5-19.0$ differs significantly from
expectations for pure primary cosmic-ray compositions. A light composition made
up of proton and helium only is equally inconsistent with observations. The
data are explained well by a mixed composition including nuclei with mass $A >
4$. Scenarios such as the proton dip model, with almost pure compositions, are
thus disfavoured as the sole explanation of the ultrahigh-energy cosmic-ray
flux at Earth.Comment: Published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Added Report
  Numbe
Weak ferromagnetism and short range polar order in NaMnF$_3$ thin films

The orthorhombically distorted perovskite NaMnF$_{3}$ has been predicted to
become ferroelectric if an $a=c$ distortion of the bulk $Pnma$ structure is
imposed. In order to test this prediction, NaMnF$_{3}$ thin films were grown on
SrTiO$_{3}$ (001) single crystal substrates via molecular beam epitaxy. The
best films were smooth and single phase with four different twin domains.
In-plane magnetization measurements revealed the presence of antiferromagnetic
ordering with weak ferromagnetism below the N\'eel temperature $T_N=66$ K. For
the dielectric studies, NaMnF$_{3}$ films were grown on a 30 nm SrRuO$_{3}$
(001) layer used as a bottom electrode grown via pulsed laser deposition. The
complex permittivity as a function of frequency indicated a strong Debye-like
relaxation contribution characterized by a distribution of relaxation times. A
power-law divergence of the characteristic relaxation time revealed an
order-disorder phase transition at 8 K. The slow relaxation dynamics indicated
the formation of super-dipoles (superparaelectric moments) that extend over
several unit cells, similar to polar nanoregions of relaxor ferroelectrics.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
A "Rosetta Stone" for protoplanetary disks: The synergy of
  multi-wavelength observations

The recent progress in instrumentation and telescope development has brought
us different ways to observe protoplanetary disks, including interferometers,
space missions, adaptive optics, polarimetry, and time- and spectrally-resolved
data. While the new facilities have changed the way we can tackle the existing
open problems in disk structure and evolution, there is a substantial lack of
interconnection between different observing techniques and their user
communities. Here, we explore the complementarity of some of the
state-of-the-art observing techniques, and how they can be brought together in
a collective effort to understand how disks evolve and disperse at the time of
planet formation.
  This paper was born at the "Protoplanetary Discussions" meeting in Edinburgh,
2016. Its goal is to clarify where multi-wavelength observations of disks
converge in unveiling disk structure and evolution, and where they diverge and
challenge our current understanding. We discuss caveats that should be
considered when linking results from different observations, or when drawing
conclusions based on limited datasets (in terms of wavelength or sample). We
focus on disk properties that are currently being revolutionized by
multi-wavelength observations. Specifically: the inner disk radius, holes and
gaps and their link to large-scale disk structures, the disk mass, and the
accretion rate. We discuss how the links between them, as well as the apparent
contradictions, can help us to disentangle the disk physics and to learn about
disk evolution.Comment: Accepted for publication in PASA. 37 pages, 9 figures, 1 table.
  Revised version: corrected problem in Fig
Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying to a Z boson
  and a top or a bottom quark in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search for single production of vector-like quarks, T and B, decaying into
a Z boson and a top or a bottom quark, respectively, is presented. The search
is performed using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in
proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns. An exotic T quark production mode through
the decay of a heavy Z' resonance is also considered. The search is performed
in events with a Z boson decaying leptonically, accompanied by a bottom or a
top quark decaying hadronically. No excess of events is observed over the
standard model background expectation. Products of production cross section and
branching fraction for T and B quarks from 1.26 and 0.13 pb are excluded at 95%
confidence level for the range of resonance mass considered, which is between
0.7 and 1.7 TeV. Limits on the product of the Z' boson production cross section
and branching fraction, with the Z' boson decaying to the Tt final state, are
set between 0.31 and 0.13 pb, for Z' boson masses in the range from 1.5 to 2.5
TeV. This is the first search at 13 TeV for single production of vector-like
quarks in events with a Z boson decaying leptonically accompanied by boosted
jets.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-16-00
Structural and spectroscopic characterisation of a heme peroxidase from sorghum Topical Issue in Honor of R.J.P. Williams

© 2015 The Author(s). A cationic class III peroxidase from Sorghum bicolor was purified to homogeneity. The enzyme contains a high-spin heme, as evidenced by UV-visible spectroscopy and EPR. Steady state oxidation of guaiacol was demonstrated and the enzyme was shown to have higher activity in the presence of calcium ions. A FeIII/FeII reduction potential of-266 mV vs NHE was determined. Stopped-flow experiments with H2O2 showed formation of a typical peroxidase Compound I species, which converts to Compound II in the presence of calcium. A crystal structure of the enzyme is reported, the first for a sorghum peroxidase. The structure reveals an active site that is analogous to those for other class I heme peroxidase, and a substrate binding site (assigned as arising from binding of indole-3-acetic acid) at the γ-heme edge. Metal binding sites are observed in the structure on the distal (assigned as a Na+ ion) and proximal (assigned as a Ca2+) sides of the heme, which is consistent with the Ca2+-dependence of the steady state and pre-steady state kinetics. It is probably the case that the structural integrity (and, thus, the catalytic activity) of the sorghum enzyme is dependent on metal ion incorporation at these positions
Overestimated crash risks of young and elderly drivers

Background Young and elderly drivers are reported to have markedly greater crash rates than drivers of other ages, but they travel less frequently and represent a minority of road users. Consequently, many crashes involving young or elderly drivers also involve drivers of middle age ranges who travel more frequently. Purpose To examine crash rates of young and elderly drivers, controlling for ages of all drivers involved in collisions. Methods A retrospective longitudinal study conducted on population-wide two-vehicle crashes reported in Great Britain from 2002 through 2010 for driver age ranges (17-20, 21-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70 years) and individual driver ages among those aged 17-20 years. Annual trips made, recorded as part of a National Travel Survey, were used to estimate trip-based driver crash rates. Results Crash rates of drivers aged 17-20 years were not significantly different from crash rates of drivers aged 21-29 years (rate ratio=1.14; 95% CI=0.96, 1.33) when controlling for ages of both drivers involved in two-car collisions, and drivers aged 17 years had the lowest crash rate among drivers aged 17-20 years. Crash rates of drivers aged ≥70 years equaled crash rates of drivers aged 60-69 years (rate ratio=1.00; 95% CI=0.77, 1.32) and were 1.40 times (95% CI=1.10, 1.78) lower than crash rates of drivers aged 50-59 years. Conclusions The current findings are in contrast with reports of high crash risks among young and elderly drivers, and suggest that previous reports may have overestimated the crash risks of these drivers by failing to control for ages of all drivers involved in collisions. © 2014 American Journal of Preventive Medicine
Nine profile & Nine segment Temperature Programmer for Mashing Apparatus

Mashing is a process of converting the grain starch into fermentable sugar by activating themalt enzymes using a hot-water steeping process. A microcontroller-based nine-profile, nine-segmenttemperature programmer and four-channel temperature and rpm (rotations per minute) display\ud
system for the mashing apparatus has been designed and implemented using a PIC 16F887 microcontroller. In this apparatus, a pulse width modulation (PWM)-based programmable AC voltage controller has been designed to vary mash tub temperature at required rate, and the\ud
resistance temperature detector (RTD) PT100 has been used to measure the temperature of the mash tub and sample. The software for the microcontroller has been developed using C language to set the end temperature and time of the nine segments of nine temperature profiles through the keypad\ud
and also to implement the proportional integral and derivative (PID) controller to control the temperature of the mash tub as per user settings
The EAGLE simulations of galaxy formation : public release of halo and galaxy catalogues.

We present the public data release of halo and galaxy catalogues extracted from the eagle suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation. These simulations were performed with an enhanced version of the gadget code that includes a modified hydrodynamics solver, time-step limiter and subgrid treatments of baryonic physics, such as stellar mass loss, element-by-element radiative cooling, star formation and feedback from star formation and black hole accretion. The simulation suite includes runs performed in volumes ranging from 25 to 100 comoving megaparsecs per side, with numerical resolution chosen to marginally resolve the Jeans mass of the gas at the star formation threshold. The free parameters of the subgrid models for feedback are calibrated to the redshift z=0 galaxy stellar mass function, galaxy sizes and black hole mass–stellar mass relation. The simulations have been shown to match a wide range of observations for present-day and higher-redshift galaxies. The raw particle data have been used to link galaxies across redshifts by creating merger trees. The indexing of the tree produces a simple way to connect a galaxy at one redshift to its progenitors at higher redshift and to identify its descendants at lower redshift. In this paper we present a relational database which we are making available for general use. A large number of properties of haloes and galaxies and their merger trees are stored in the database, including stellar masses, star formation rates, metallicities, photometric measurements and mock gri images. Complex queries can be created to explore the evolution of more than 105 galaxies, examples of which are provided in the Appendix. The relatively good and broad agreement of the simulations with a wide range of observational datasets makes the database an ideal resource for the analysis of model galaxies through time, and for connecting and interpreting observational datasets
Assessing the fugitive emission of CH4 via migration along fault zones – Comparing potential shale gas basins to non-shale basins in the UK.

This study considered whether faults bounding hydrocarbon-bearing basins could be conduits for methane release to the atmosphere. Five basin bounding faults in the UK were considered: two which bounded potential shale gas basins; two faults that bounded coal basins; and one that bounded a basin with no known hydrocarbon deposits. In each basin, two mobile methane surveys were conducted, one along the surface expression of the basin bounding fault and one along a line of similar length but not intersecting the fault. All survey data was corrected for wind direction, the ambient CH4 concentration and the distance to the possible source. The survey design allowed for Analysis of Variance and this showed that there was a significant difference between the fault and control survey lines though a significant flux from the fault was not found in all basins and there was no apparent link to the presence, or absence, of hydrocarbons. As such, shale basins did not have a significantly different CH4 flux to non-shale hydrocarbon basins and non-hydrocarbon basins. These results could have implications for CH4 emissions from faults both in the UK and globally. Including all the corrected fault data, we estimate faults have an emissions factor of 11.5 ± 6.3 t CH4/km/yr, while the most conservative estimate of the flux from faults is 0.7 ± 0.3 t CH4/km/yr. The use of isotopes meant that at least one site of thermogenic flux from a fault could be identified. However, the total length of faults that penetrate through-basins and go from the surface to hydrocarbon reservoirs at depth in the UK is not known; as such, the emissions factor could not be multiplied by an activity level to estimate a total UK CH4 flux
An orthogonal biocatalytic approach for the safe generation and use of HCN in a multi-step continuous preparation of chiral O-acetylcyanohydrins

An enantioselective preparation of O-acetylcyanohydrins has been accomplished by a three-step telescoped continuous process. The modular components enabled accurate control of two sequential biotransformations, safe handling of an in situ generated hazardous gas, and in-line stabilization of products. This method proved to be advantageous over the batch protocols in terms of reaction time (40 vs 345 min) and ease of operation, opening up access to reactions which have often been neglected due to safety concerns.We gratefully acknowledge the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) within the research training group GRK 1166 “Biocatalysis in non-conventional media (BioNoCo)”, and the EPSRC (Award Nos. EP/K009494/1 and EP/K039520/1)This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Georg Thieme Verlag KG via http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0035-156064
The Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project

Genome-wide association studies have identified thousands of loci for common diseases, but, for the majority of these, the mechanisms underlying disease susceptibility remain unknown. Most associated variants are not correlated with protein-coding changes, suggesting that polymorphisms in regulatory regions probably contribute to many disease phenotypes. Here we describe the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, which will establish a resource database and associated tissue bank for the scientific community to study the relationship between genetic variation and gene expression in human tissues.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (US NIH to the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, R01 DA006227-17)National Institute of Drug AbuseNational Institute of Mental Health (U.S.)National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (U.S.
Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to jet pairs in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

Results are reported of a general search for pair production of heavy resonances decaying to pairs of hadronic jets in events with at least four jets. The study is based on up to 19.4 fb[superscript −1] of integrated luminosity from proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. Limits are determined on the production of scalar top quarks (top squarks) in the framework of R-parity violating supersymmetry and on the production of color-octet vector bosons (colorons). First limits at the LHC are placed on top squark production for two scenarios. The first assumes decay to a bottom quark and a light-flavor quark and is excluded for masses between 200 and 385 GeV, and the second assumes decay to a pair of light-flavor quarks and is excluded for masses between 200 and 350 GeV at 95% confidence level. Previous limits on colorons decaying to light-flavor quarks are extended to exclude masses from 200 to 835 GeV.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.
Measurement of the charge asymmetry in dileptonic decays of top quark pairs in pp  collisions at s  √ =7  TeV using the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the top-antitop (tt ¯ ) charge asymmetry is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb ¯¹ of LHC pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector. Events with two charged leptons, at least two jets and large missing transverse momentum are selected. Two observables are studied: A ℓℓ C based on the identified charged leptons, and A tt ¯ C  , based on the reconstructed tt ¯  final state. The asymmetries are measured to be \ud
A ℓℓ C  = 0.024±0.015 (stat.)±0.009 (syst.),  \ud
A tt ¯  C  = 0.021±0.025 (stat.)±0.017 (syst.).  \ud
The measured values are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions