pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
First measurement of the cross section for top-quark pair production in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

20 páginas, 3 figuras, 1 tabla.-- This article is published Open Access at sciencedirect.com. It\ud
is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution\ud
License 3.0.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.The first measurement of the cross section for top-quark pair production in pp collisions at the\ud
Large Hadron Collider at center-of-mass energy √s = 7 TeV has been performed using a data sample\ud
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 ± 0.3 pb−1 recorded by the CMS detector. This result\ud
utilizes the final state with two isolated, highly energetic charged leptons, large missing transverse\ud
energy, and two or more jets. Backgrounds from Drell–Yan and non-W/Z boson production are estimated\ud
from data. Eleven events are observed in the data with 2.1 ± 1.0 events expected from background. The\ud
measured cross section is 194±72(stat.)±24(syst.)±21(lumi.) pb, consistent with next-to-leading order\ud
predictions.Acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria);\ud
FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP\ud
(Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China);\ud
COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy\ud
of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, ME, and\ud
HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF\ud
(Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and\ud
DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU\ud
(Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLPFAI\ud
(Mexico); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR\ud
(Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST and MAE\ud
(Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding\ud
Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey);\ud
STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA).Peer reviewe
Search for new physics in events with same-sign dileptons and b-tagged jets in pp collisions at  √s=7 TeV

35 páginas, 9 figuras, 2 tablas.-- CMS Collaboration: et al.-- Open Access: This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.A search for new physics is performed using isolated same-sign dileptons with at least two b-quark jets in the final state. Results are based on a 4.98 inverse femtobarn sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV collected by the CMS detector. No excess above the standard model background is observed. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the number of events from non-standard-model sources. These limits are used to set constraints on a number of new physics models. Information on acceptance and efficiencies are also provided so that the results can be used to confront additional models in an approximate way.European Commission; Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy (Austria); Agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (Belgium); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Brasil); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Brasil); Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Colciencias (Colombia); Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia; Research Promotion Foundation (Cyprus); Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France); Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (Deutschland); Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft; General Secretariat of Research and Technology (Greece); National Office for Research and Technology (Hungary); Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (Iran); Science Foundation Ireland; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (Italia); National Research Foundation of Korea; Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (México); Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (México); Secretaría de Educación Pública (México); Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí; Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal); Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Russia); Russian Foundation for Basic Research; Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España); Centro Nacional de Física de Partículas, Astropartículas y Nuclear (España); Swiss National Science Foundation; The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey; Turkish Atomic Energy Authority; Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK); Department of Energy (US); National Science Foundation (US).Peer reviewe
Disruption of the glucosylceramide biosynthetic pathway in Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus by inhibitors of UDP-Glc : ceramide glucosyltransferase strongly affects spore germination, cell cycle, and hyphal growth

The opportunistic mycopathogen Aspergillus fumigatus expresses both glucosylceramide and galactosylceramide (GlcCer and GalCer), but their functional significance in Aspergillus species is unknown. We here identified and characterized a GlcCer from Aspergillus nidulans, a non-pathogenic model fungus. Involvement of GlcCer in fungal development was tested on both species using a family of compounds known to inhibit GlcCer synthase in mammals. Two analogs, D-threo-1-phenyl-2-palmitoyl-3-pyrrolidinopropanol (P4) and D-threo-3',4'-ethylenedioxy-P4, strongly inhibited germination and hyphal growth. Neutral lipids from A. fumigatus cultured in the presence of these inhibitors displayed a significantly reduced GlcCer/GalCer ratio. These results suggest that synthesis of GlcCer is essential for normal development of A. fumigatus and A. nidulans. (C) 2002 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.Univ New Hampshire, Dept Chem, Durham, NH 03824 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Bot, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biochem, Escola Paulista Med, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilUniv Michigan, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USAUniv Georgia, Complex Carbohydrate Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniv Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USAUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biochem, Escola Paulista Med, BR-04023900 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Differential neuroprotection by A(1) receptor activation and A(2A) receptor inhibition following pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus

Aiming at a better understanding of the role of A(2A) in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), we characterized the effects of the A(2A) antagonist SCH58261 (7-(2-phenylethyl)-5-amino-2(2-furyl)-pyrazolo-[4,3-e]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c] pyrimidine) on seizures and neuroprotection in the pilocarpine model. the effects of SCH58261 were further analyzed in combination with the A(1) agonist R-Pia (R(-)-N-6-(2)-phenylisopropyl adenosine). Eight groups were studied: pilocarpine (Pilo), SCH + Pilo, R-Pia + Pilo, R-Pia + SCH + Pilo, Saline, SCH + Saline, R-Pia + Saline, and R-Pia + SCH + Saline. the administration of SCH58261, R-Pia, and R-Pia + SCH58261 prior to pilocarpine increased the latency to SE, and decreased either the incidence of or rate of mortality from SE compared with controls. Administration of R-Pia and R-Pia + SCH58261 prior to pilocarpine reduced the number of Fluoro-Jade B-stained cells in the hippocampus and piriform cortex when compared with control. This study showed that pretreatment with R-Pia and SCH58261 reduces seizure occurrence, although only R-Pia has neuroprotective properties. Further studies are needed to clarify the neuroprotective role of A(2A) in TLE. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurocirurgia, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilINSERM, U666, Fac Med, Strasbourg, FranceUniv Brasilia, Dept Genet & Morfol, Inst Ciencias Biol, Brasilia, DF, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Neurol & Neurocirurgia, BR-04039032 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic constraints on the suture boundary of the eastern South China Block

This journal supplement has title: Awards Ceremony Speeches and Abstracts of the 19th Annual V.M. Goldschmidt ConferenceThe Jianshan-Shaoxing (JSFZ) Fault Zone in Zhejiang Province has been proposed to represent the suture between the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China. Limited Neoproterozoic outcrops and similar Sr and Nd isotopic data across the fault zone do not show distinctive characteristics for the two separate blocks. Thirteen Cretaceous granitic bodies within the fault zone, 6 and 7 from the NW and SE sides of the fault zone have been collected for this study. These samples have compositions of diorites to granites (SiO2 = 56.2 to 76.6 wt.%). In-situ zircon U-Pb and Hf isotopic compositions have been analyzed. These granitoids yielded U-Pb ages from 87 to 134 Ma, and show systematic differences in Hf isotopic compositions (εHf(t) = 6.67 to -7.01 in the NW side vs 1.91 to - 12.63 in the SE side, and TDM C = 0.52 to 1.48 Ga in the NW side vs 0.58 to 2.85 Ga in the SE side). The TDM C data from NW side shows two peaks at 876 and 1170 Ma respectively, whereas those for the SE side show a single peak at 1135 Ma. The Hf isotopic disparity for the two sides may indicate the different basement compositions for the Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks. The available geological data indicate that the Neoproterozoic magmatic activities are important for the Yangtze Block, possibly due to the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent, but such activities are weak for the Cathaysia Block. This study shows that the Neoproterozoic juvenile materials are important component of the eastern Yangtze basement, but the Cathaysia basement is mainly made up of Mesoproterozoic materials. Our data may also imply that the two continental blocks were away from each other in the Neoproterozoic. Relatively wide range distribution of TDMC (820 to 900 Ma) from NW side and lack of 800 to 900 Ma records from SE side also suggests that the Cathaysia block is underneath the JSFZ, implying a northward subduction of the Cathaysia Block.postprintThe 19th Annual Goldschmidt Conference, Davos, Switzerland, 21-26 June 2009. In Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2009, v. 73 n. 13 suppl., p. A145
Origin and function of the stalk-cell vacuole in Dictyostelium.

Large vacuoles are characteristic of plant and fungal cells, and their origin has long attracted interest. The cellular slime mould provides a unique opportunity to study the de novo formation of vacuoles because, in its life cycle, a subset of the highly motile animal-like cells (prestalk cells) rapidly develops a single large vacuole and cellulosic cell wall to become plant-like cells (stalk cells). Here we describe the origin and process of vacuole formation using live-imaging of Dictyostelium cells expressing GFP-tagged ammonium transporter A (AmtA-GFP), which was found to reside on the membrane of stalk-cell vacuoles. We show that stalk-cell vacuoles originate from acidic vesicles and autophagosomes, which fuse to form autolysosomes. Their repeated fusion and expansion accompanied by concomitant cell wall formation enable the stalk cells to rapidly develop turgor pressure necessary to make the rigid stalk to hold the spores aloft. Contractile vacuoles, which are rich in H(+)-ATPase as in plant vacuoles, remained separate from these vacuoles. We further argue that AmtA may play an important role in the control of stalk-cell differentiation by modulating the pH of autolysosomes
Revisiting the Westerlund 2 field with the HESS telescope array

Aims. Previous observations with the HESS telescope array revealed the existence of extended very-high-energy (VHE; E > 100 GeV) γ-ray emission, HESS J1023–575, coincident with the young stellar cluster Westerlund 2. At the time of discovery, the origin of the observed emission was not unambiguously identified, and follow-up observations have been performed to further investigate the nature of this γ-ray source.\ud
\ud
Methods. The Carina region towards the open cluster Westerlund 2 has been re-observed, increasing the total exposure to 45.9 h. The combined dataset includes 33 h of new data and now permits a search for energy-dependent morphology and detailed spectroscopy.\ud
\ud
Results. A new, hard spectrum VHE γ-ray source, HESS J1026–582, was discovered with a statistical significance of 7σ. It is positionally coincident with the Fermi LAT pulsar PSR J1028–5819. The positional coincidence and radio/γ-ray characteristics of the LAT pulsar favors a scenario where the TeV emission originates from a pulsar wind nebula. The nature of HESS J1023–575 is discussed in light of the deep HESS observations and recent multi-wavelength discoveries, including the Fermi LAT pulsar PSR J1022–5746 and giant molecular clouds in the region. Despite the improved VHE dataset, a clear identification of the object responsible for the VHE emission from HESS J1023–575 is not yet possible, and contribution from the nearby high-energy pulsar and/or the open cluster remains a possibility.Peer-reviewedPublisher Version4418
Antarctic Intermediate Water properties since 400 ka recorded in infaunal (Uvigerina peregrina) and epifaunal (Planulina wuellerstorfi) benthic foraminifera.

Reconstruction of intermediate water properties is important for understanding feedbacks within the ocean-climate system, particularly since these water masses are capable of driving high–low latitude teleconnections. Nevertheless, information about intermediate water mass evolution through the late Pleistocene remains limited. This paper examines changes in Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), the most extensive intermediate water mass in the modern ocean through the last 400 kyr using the stable isotopic composition (δ18O and δ13C) and trace element concentration (Mg/Ca and B/Ca) of two benthic foraminiferal species from the same samples: epifaunal Planulina wuellerstorfi and infaunal Uvigerina peregrina. Our results confirm that the most reasonable estimates of AAIW temperature and Δ[CO2−3] are generated by Mg/CaU. peregrina and B/CaP. wuellerstorfi, respectively. We present a 400 kyr record of intermediate water temperature and Δ[CO2−3] from a sediment core from the Southwest Pacific (DSDP site 593; 40°30′S, 167°41′E, 1068 m water depth), which lies within the core of modern AAIW. Our results suggest that a combination of geochemical analyses on both infaunal and epifaunal benthic foraminiferal species yields important information about this critical water mass through the late Pleistocene. When combined with two nearby records of water properties from deeper depths, our data demonstrate that during interglacial stages of the late Pleistocene, AAIW and Circumpolar Deep Water (CPDW) have more similar water mass properties (temperature and δ13C), while glacial stages are typified by dissimilar properties between AAIW and CPDW in the Southwest Pacific. Our new Δ[CO2−3] record shows short time-scale variations, but a lack of coherent glacial–interglacial variability indicating that large quantities of carbon were not stored in intermediate waters during recent glacial periods
A ‘panoptical’ or ‘synoptical’ approach to monitoring performance? Local public services in England and the widening accountability gap.

This article highlights how recent reforms to the auditing and assessment of local public services in England suggest there will be a shift from panoptical to ‘synoptical’ monitoring approaches. This is because the UK Government has abolished its centralised monitoring regime and instead required local authorities to publish a range of financial and performance datasets online, ostensibly so that citizens can hold organisations to account directly. However, the complexity and raw nature of these data, along with the sidelining of professional auditors, will result in most citizens being either unable or unwilling to undertake this task. As such, the proposed ‘synoptical’ approach will not materialise. Indeed, other legislative changes will mean that outsourcing firms effectively become the new, unaccountable observers of local public sector bodies within an enduring panoptical system. In many cases these companies will then assume responsibility for delivering the same services that they have assessed
What works or what's worked? Evidence from education in the United Kingdom.

This paper deliberates the quality of existing evidence on educational school-based interventions aiming to improve pupils’ attainment. An overall picture as well as more specific examples derived from the “Sutton Trust-Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) Teaching and Learning Toolkit” will be discussed presenting different cases and versions of the Toolkit (Early Years Toolkit). The main sources of studies are meta-analyses and systematic reviews with quantitative data, where they have enough information for the calculation of effect sizes (ES). This is an ongoing project; so some representative finding will be discussed providing a best estimate of what is likely to be beneficial in a number of areas of educational practice
Detecting changing river temperatures in England and Wales

This is an Open Access Article. It is published by John Wiley and Sons Ltd under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence (CC BY). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/Changes in water temperature can have important consequences for aquatic ecosystems, with some species being sensitive even to small shifts in temperature during some or all of their life cycle. While many studies report increasing regional and global air temperatures, evidence of changes in river water temperature has, thus far, been site specific and often from sites heavily influenced by human activities that themselves could lead to warming. Here we present a tiered assessment of changing river water temperature covering England and Wales with data from 2773 locations. We use novel statistical approaches to detect trends in irregularly sampled spot measurements taken between 1990 and 2006. During this 17-year period, on average, mean water temperature increased by 0.03°C per year (±0.002°C), and positive changes in water temperature were observed at 2385 (86%) sites. Examination of catchments where there has been limited human influence on hydrological response shows that changes in river flow have had little influence on these water temperature trends. In the absence of other systematic influences on water temperature, it is inferred that anthropogenically driven climate change is driving some of this trend in water temperature. © 2014 The Authors
A computational study of Si-H bonds as precursors for neutral E ′  centres in amorphous silica and at the Si/SiO2 interface

Using computational modelling we investigate whether Si-H Bonds can serve as precursors for neutral E ′  centre formation in amorphous silica and at the Si/SiO2 interface. Classical inter-atomic potentials are used to construct models of a-SiO2 containing Si-H bonds. We then investigate the mechanism of dissociation of a Si-H bond to create a neutral E ′  defect, that is a 3-coordinated silicon with an unpaired electron localised on it. We show that the Si-H bond is extremely stable, but as a result of hole injection it is significantly weakened and may dissociate, creating a neutral E ′  centre and a proton attached to one of the nearby oxygen atoms. The proton can diffuse around the E ′  centre and has a profound effect on the defect levels. We show that at a Si/SiO2 interface, the position of the proton can facilitate electron transfer from the Si substrate onto the defect, making it negatively charged. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Spectral properties of transition metal pnictides and chalcogenides:
  angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and dynamical mean field theory

Electronic Coulomb correlations lead to characteristic signatures in the
spectroscopy of transition metal pnictides and chalcogenides: quasi-particle
renormalizations, lifetime effects or incoherent badly metallic behavior above
relatively low coherence temperatures are measures of many-body effects due to
local Hubbard and Hund's couplings. We review and compare the results of
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments (ARPES) and of combined
density functional dynamical mean field theory (DFT+DMFT) calculations. We
emphasize the doping-dependence of the quasi-particle mass renormalization and
coherence properties
"Almost stable" matchings in the Roommates problem with bounded preference lists

An instance of the classical Stable Roommates problem need not admit a stable matching. Previous work has considered the problem of finding a matching that is "as stable as possible", i.e., admits the minimum number of blocking pairs. It is known that this problem is NP-hard and not approximable within n1 2-ε, for any ε>0, unless P=NP, where n is the number of agents in a given instance. In this paper, we extend the study to the Stable Roommates problem with Incomplete lists. In particular, we consider the case that the lengths of the lists are bounded by some integer d. We show that, even if d=3, there is some c>1 such that the problem of finding a matching with the minimum number of blocking pairs is not approximable within c unless P=NP. On the other hand, we show that the problem is solvable in polynomial time for d≤2, and we give a (2d-3)-approximation algorithm for fixed d<3. If the given lists satisfy an additional condition (namely the absence of a so-called elitist odd party-a structure that is unlikely to exist in general), the performance guarantee improves to 2d-4. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
The stationary Navier-Stokes equations in 3D exterior domains. An approach in anisotropic weighted L^q spaces

International audienceWe consider the three-dimensional exterior problem for stationary Navier-Stokes equations. We prove, under assumptions of smallness of the data, existence and uniqueness of solutions. By setting the problem in weighted spaces where the weights reflect the anisotropic decay properties of the fundamental solution of Oseen, we show the better decay of the solutions outside the wake region. Moreover, the solutions we obtained have a finite Dirichlet integral and under additional assumptions on the weights they are also PR-solutions in the sense of Finn. The study relies on a L^q-theory for
Glycidyl-methacry late-based electrospun mats and catalytic silver nanoparticles

P(AN-GMA) and PGMA fibers coated with monodisperse silver nanoparticles have been prepared by a combination of electrospinning and electroless plating. The morphology of the electrospun fibers remains unchanged after surface hydrazination. Oxidation of hydrazine in an ammoniacal solution of AgNO 3 reduces and deposits silver atoms along the fiber surface, which then coalesce to Ag particles. The size of the silver nanoparticles is varied between 20-60 nm. Since the density of the active sites for silver reduction is lower in P(AN-GMA), a smaller particle size could be obtained. The catalytic activity of the silver nanoparticles has been confirmed