pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Fast Mode Decision on H.264/AVC Baseline Profile for real-time performance

In this paper a new fast mode decision (FMD) algorithm is proposed for the recent H.264/AVC video coding standard, aiming to reduce its computational load without loosing coding efficiency. This algorithm identifies redundancy and selects the minimum sub-set of modes for each macroblock (MB) required to provide high rate-distortion (RD) efficiency. It is based on a fast analysis of the histogram of the difference image between frames which classifies the areas of each frame as active or non-active by means of an adaptive thresholding technique. More coding effort is devoted to active areas with the selection of a large sub-set of Modes, as these areas are expected to be the most relevant in terms of RD cost. Results show reduction values around 35–65% of motion estimation (ME) time, preserving the RD cost for the Baseline Profile, by using P-Slices and without needing B-Slices. Moreover, the strategy works as an intelligent tool for real-time applications with constrained number of operations per frame: it wisely uses the given operational resources distributing them among those MBs that need it
On the influence of Marangoni convection on the stability of liquid bridge interfaces

This paper analyses the influence of the Marangoni flow on the stability of almost cylindrical liquid bridges by using bifurcation techniques. An analytical relation between the different parameters is found that allows the prediction of the variation of the maximum stable length. This variation although is qualitatively “larger” than that due to symmetric effects (f.i. volume variation, solid body rotation), can somehow be compensated with the other effects. By choosing adequately f.i. the disk diameter difference, the shortening in stability due to Marangoni convection can be almost completely cancelle
On the breaking of long, axisymmetric liquid bridges between unequal supporting disks at minimum volume stability limit

The stability of axisymmetric liquid bridges held between non-equal circular supporting disks, and subjected to an axial acceleration, has been analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. Some characteristics of the breaking process which takes place when the stability limit of minimum volume is reached (mainly the dependence with the disks separation of the volume of the liquid drops resulting after the liquid bridge breakage) have been theoretically studied by using standard asymptotic expansion techniques. From the analysis of the nature of the unstable equilibrium shapes of minimum volume at the stability limit it is concluded that the relative volume of the main drops resulting from the liquid bridge rupture drastically change as the disks separation grows. Theoretical predictions have been experimentally checked by working with very small size liquid bridges (supporting disks being some 1 millimeter in diameter), the agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results being remarkabl
Application of Deadlock Risk Evaluation of Architectural Models

Software architectural evaluation is a key discipline used to identify, at early stages of a real-time system (RTS) development, the problems that may arise during its operation. Typical mechanisms supporting concurrency, such as semaphores, mutexes or monitors, usually lead to concurrency problems in execution time that are difficult to be identified, reproduced and solved. For this reason, it is crucial to understand the root causes of these problems and to provide support to identify and mitigate them at early stages of the system lifecycle. This paper aims to present the results of a research work oriented to the development of the tool called ‘Deadlock Risk Evaluation of Architectural Models’ (DREAM) to assess deadlock risk in architectural models of an RTS. A particular architectural style, Pipelines of Processes in Object-Oriented Architectures–UML (PPOOA) was used to represent platform-independent models of an RTS architecture supported by the PPOOA –Visio tool. We validated the technique presented here by using several case studies related to RTS development and comparing our results with those from other deadlock detection approaches, supported by different tools. Here we present two of these case studies, one related to avionics and the other to planetary exploration robotics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Recommendation techniques in forensic data analysis: a new approach

Data mining for digital forensic analysis is a branch of Computer Science focused on pattern extraction from largescale data which has been used to support analysts when trying to solve crimes. One of the most promising applications of data mining algorithms is to build recommendation systems, aiming to propose future directions to the investigation and to guide the analyst through the process. In this paper we propose a new approach, architecture and framework with the purpose of taking advantage of the recommender systems techniques to the forensic field and provide examples of their applicability to different use cases involving large scale collections of multimedia information related to a defined forensic case
Nuclear Data Uncertainty Propagation to Reactivity Coefficients of a Sodium Fast Reactor

Engineering of innovative reactor concepts requires computational tools capable of producing results with a high level of accuracy. These results are affected by different sources of uncertainty such as the ones coming from nuclear data. The assessment of the uncertainty levels on the design and safety parameters is mandatory. The uncertainty quantification applied here is based on the adjoint sensitivity analysis, where the sensitivities of design values to nuclear data are employed together with the nuclear data uncertainties to propagate these uncertainties to the design parameters. The European Sodium Fast Reactor (ESFR) is the innovative reactor model considered here, designed in the framework of a EURATOM Collaborative Project. Some of the relevant safety\ud
quantities linked to it are Doppler and void reactivity coefficients, whose uncertainties are quantified.\ud
Also the identification of the nuclear reaction data where an improvement will certainly benefit the design accuracy is performed. This work has been performed with the SCALE 6.1 codes suite and its multigroups cross sections library based on ENDF/B-VII.0 evaluation
Design of bioreactors suitable for plant cell and tissue cultures

Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch)Plant cell suspension cultures and hairy roots are potential sources of secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins. In contrast to traditionally grown “whole wild plants” or “whole transgenic plants”, their production in bioreactors guarantees defined controlled process conditions and therefore minimizes or even prevents variations in product yield and quality, which simplifies process validation and product registration. Moreover, bioreactors and their configuration significantly affect cultivation results by accomplishing and controlling the optimum environment for effective cell growth and production of bioactive substances. This review highlights the main design criteria of the most widely used bioreactor types, both for plant cell suspension cultures and for hairy roots, and outlines suitable low-cost disposable bioreactors which have found increasing acceptance over the last 10 years
Applying a newswriting research approach to translation

Translation is a situated activity that involves more than simply producing target texts from source texts. In order to understand what translators actually do when they translate, their psycho-biographies as well as the social setting of the workplace and the contextual resources must be considered. In this paper, we outline how a mixed-method approach originally developed to study the newswriting processes of journalists at their workplaces can be applied in translation process research. We argue that progression analysis, which combines keystroke logging, screen recordings, eye-tracking, and cue-based retrospective verbalization, can be profitably used along with version analysis to gain insights into cognitive aspects of the translation process
Metrizable ordinal proximity measures and their aggregation

Producción CientíficaOrdered qualitative scales formed by linguistic terms are frequently used for evaluating sets of alternatives in different decision-making problems. These scales are usually implicitly considered as uniform in the sense that the psychological proximity between consecutive terms is perceived as identical. However, sometimes agents can perceive different proximities between the linguistic terms of the scale, and an appropriate method is required for aggregating these perceptions. In this paper we introduce the notion of metrizable ordinal proximity measure, discuss some aggregation procedures and propose a method based on metrics for aggregating experts’ opinions on proximities between linguistic terms on ordered qualitative scales.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project ECO2016-77900-P
Religious authority and the transmission of abstract god concepts

According to the Standard Model account of religion, religious concepts tend to conform to "minimally counterintuitive" schemas. Laypeople may, to varying degrees, verbally endorse the abstract doctrines taught by professional theologians. But, outside the Sunday school exam room, the implicit representations that tend to guide people's everyday thinking, feeling, and behavior are about minimally counterintuitive entities. According to the Standard Model, these implicit representations are the essential thing to be explained by the cognitive science of religion (CSR). It is argued here that this theoretical orientation of mainstream CSR misses a whole dimension of religiosity—the acceptance of certain religious authorities, that is, the acceptance of other people's superior expertise. Average believers (especially in doctrinal traditions) tend to accept the authority of religious experts who espouse highly counterintuitive ideas that they (the laypeople) understand in a distorted form, if at all. These highly counterintuitive ideas are culturally successful because laypeople see them as being justified by people they have reason to regard as epistemic authorities. The tendency for people to endorse (without fully understanding) highly counterintuitive religious ideas espoused by intellectuals may explain parallels in the development of separate traditions (e.g., Judaism and Hinduism), as religious philosophers follow parallel lines of reasoning
Is the Rapid Decay Phase from High Latitude Emission?

"Copyright 2009 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only.Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. Original paper can be found at: http://proceedings.aip.org/proceedings/ " DOI: 10.1063/1.3155933There is good observationnal evidence that the Steep Decay Phase (SDP) that is observed in most Swift GRBs is the tail of the prompt emission. The most popular model to explain the SDP is Hight Latitude Emission (HLE). Many models for the prompt emission give rise to HLE, like the popular internal shocks (IS) model, but some models do not, such as sporadic magnetic reconnection events. Knowing if the SDP is consistent with HLE would thus help distinguish between different prompt emission models. In order to test this, we model the prompt emission (and its tail) as the sum of independent pulses (and their tails). A single pulse is modeled as emission arising from an ultra-relativistic thin spherical expanding shell. We obtain analytic expressions for the flux in the IS model with a Band function spectrum. We find that in this framework the observed spectrum is also a Band function, and naturally softens with time. The decay of the SDP is initially dominated by the tail of the last pulse, but other pulses can dominate later. Modeling several overlapping pulses as a single broader pulse would overestimates the SDP flux. One should thus be careful when testing the HLE
Image feature enhancement based on the time-controlled total variation ﬂow formulation

Data smoothing and feature enhancement are two important precursors to many higher-level computer vision applications such as image segmentation and scene understanding. Total variation (TV) ﬂow algorithms are a distinct subcategory of diffusion-based ﬁltering techniques that have been widely applied to reduce the level of noise in the image but not at the expense of poor feature preservation. In this paper we address a number of numerical aspects associated with the TV ﬂow and in particular we are interested to redeﬁne the TV ﬂow regularization in order to reduce the effect of oscillations and improve the convergence of the implementations in the discrete domain. TV ﬂow algorithms are implemented using iterative schemes and one difﬁcult problem is the selection of appropriate criteria to identify the optimal number of iterations. In this paper we show that the application of a time-ageing procedure leads to an elegant formulation were the TV ﬂow algorithms converge naturally to the optimal solution. To evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm (referred in this paper to as time-controlled (TC)-TV ﬂow), a large number of experiments on various types of natural images were conducted
Annals of Solid and Structural Mechanics

In this paper, the effects of a breathing crack on the vibratory characteris-
tics of a rotating shaft are investigated. A new, simple and robust model composed of
two rigid bars connected with a nonlinear flexural spring is proposed. The nonlinear
spring, located at the cracked transverse section position, concentrates the global stiff-
ness of the cracked shaft. The breathing mechanism of the crack is described by a more
realistic periodic variation of the global stiffness depending not only but substantially
on the system vibratory response. It is based on an energy formulation of the problem
of 3D elasticity with unilateral contact conditions on the crack lips. A possible partial
opening and closing of the crack is considered which makes the approach more appro-
priate for deep cracks modeling. The harmonic balance method, direct time-integration
schemes and nonlinear dynamics tools are used to characterize the global dynamics of
the system. The effects of the crack depth and rotating frequency have been metic-
ulously examined and it was found that the cracked shaft never exhibits chaotic or
quasi-periodic vibratory response
Melt Pool and Keyhole Behavior Analysis for Deep Penetration Laser Welding

One usually defines the main characteristic of the welding performances of a given laser system by its “penetration curve” that corresponds to the welding depth as a function of the welding speed Vw for a given set of operating parameters. Analysis of a penetration curve is interesting and gives very fruitful results. Coupled with high speed video imaging of melt pool surface and ejected plume behaviors, the analysis of this penetration curve on a very large range of welding speeds, typically from 0 to 50 m/min, has allowed us to observe very different and characteristic regimes. These regimes are mainly characterized by the physical processes by which they impede the laser beam penetration inside the material. We show that it is only at rather high welding speeds that these limiting processes are reduced. Consequently the scaling law of welding depth with welding speed is in agreement with adapted modeling of this process. On the other hand, as the welding speed is reduced, different effects depending of the weld pool dynamics and plume interaction, strongly disturb the keyhole stability and are responsible of the deviation of the penetration curve from the previous modeling that agrees with a 1/Vw scaling law. A corresponding criterion for the occurrence of this effect is defined
Vanadium(IV and V) Complexes of Schiff Bases and Reduced Schiff Bases Derived from the Reaction of Aromatic o-Hydroxyaldehydes and Diamines: Synthesis, Characterisation and Solution Studies

Several sal2en-type reduced Schiff bases have been prepared from the reaction of 2 equiv. of salicylaldehyde (or derivatives) with ethylenediamine followed by reduction with NaBH4 and subsequently characterised. The water-soluble ligands (SO3-sal)2en and R(SO3-sal)2en (SO3-sal = salicylaldehyde-5-sulphonate) have been studied by pH potentiometry and 1H NMR spectroscopy and the protonation constants of R(SO3-sal)2en have been determined. The Schiff bases are more susceptible to hydrolysis than the corresponding reduced Schiff bases. The crystal structures of H2(o-van)2en and KH(o-van)2en (o-van = o-vanillin) have been determined by X-ray diffraction. The vanadium(IV) complexes have been prepared and characterised by magnetic measurements and IR, UV/Vis and EPR spectroscopy. The colours, magnetic susceptibilities and IR spectra of the new vanadium(IV) complexes of the reduced Schiff bases now obtained suggest oligomeric/polymeric structures for the compounds while the corresponding VIVO-Schiff-base complexes are monomeric.The complexation of [VIVO]2+ and [VVO2]+ with R(SO3-sal)2enin aqueous solution has been studied by pH potentiometry, UV/Vis as well as by EPR spectroscopy for the VIVO system and 1H and 51V NMR spectroscopy for the VVO2 system. Complex formation constants have been determined and binding modes have been proposed. N,Nprime-ethylenebis(pyridoxylaminato) (Rpyr2en) has also been obtained and the structure of Na[VVO2(Rpyr2en)]·CH3OH·3H2O determined by X-ray diffraction. The Rpyr2en2- ligand coordinates through both the N-amine and O-phenolate moieties in a symmetrical alpha-cis type coordination mode, i.e. with both O-phenolato donors cis to the O-oxo atoms and trans to each other. (© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2005)http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejic.20040048
Sildenafil citrate concentrations not affecting oxidative phosphorylation depress H2O2 generation by rat heart mitochondria

Abstract  Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) is a potent and specific inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), which exhibits cardioprotective action against ischemia/reperfusion injury in intact and isolated heart. The mechanism of its cardioprotective action is not completely understood, but some results suggested that sildenafil exerts cardioprotection through the opening of mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ channels (mitoKATP). However, the impact of sildenafil citrate per se on isolated heart mitochondrial function is unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of the compound on mitochondrial function (bioenergetics, Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation) in an attempt to correlate its known actions with effects on heart mitochondria. It was observed that sildenafil citrate concentrations of up to 50 µM did not significantly affect glutamate/malate-supported respiration in states 2, 3, 4, oligomycin-inhibited state 3, and uncoupled respiration. The respiratory control ratio (RCR), the ADP to oxygen ratio (ADP/O), the transmembrane potential (??), the phosphorylation rate, and the membrane permeability to H+, K+ and Ca2+ were not affected either. However, sildenafil citrate decreased H2O2 generation by mitochondria respiring glutamate/malate, and also decreased the formation of superoxide radical (O2•-) generated in a hypoxantine/xantine oxidase system. It was concluded that sildenafil citrate concentrations of up to 50 µM do not affect either rat heart mitochondrial bioenergetics or Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, but it depresses H2O2 generation by acting as a superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mimetic. By preventing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, sildenafil citrate may preserve heart mitochondrial function.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11010-007-9645-
Photons, Clocks, Gravity and the Concept of Mass

Transparencies of the 18th Henry Primakoff lecture at the University of
Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA, April 11, 2001 and of the Special lecture
given at the 7th International Workshop on Topics in Astroparticle and
Underground Physics, TAUP 2001, Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy,
September 9, 2001; to be published by Elsevier Nucl. Phys. B (Proceedings
supplements).
  Various aspects of the concept of mass in modern physics are discussed: 1.
Mass in Special Relativity, 2. Atoms in Static Gravity, 3. Photons in Static
Gravity, 4. Misleading Terminology, 5. Unsolved Problems of mass.Comment: 5 page
Error estimation of a proper orthogonal decomposition reduced model of a permanent magnet synchronous machine

Model order reduction methods, like the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), enable to reduce dramatically the size of a finite element (FE) model. The price to pay is a loss of accuracy compared with the original FE model that should be of
course controlled. In this study, the authors apply an error estimator based on the verification of the constitutive relationship to compare the reduced model accuracy with the full model accuracy when POD is applied. This estimator is tested on an example of
a permanent magnet synchronous machine.This work is supported by the IAP7/M2E2S (Belgium state) and MEDEE pole supported by the region council of Nord Pas de Calais (France) and the European Community
The effect of oilseed rape occurrence on main prey abundance and breeding success of the Common Buzzard Buteo buteo

Capsule The occurrence of oilseed rape increased main prey abundance and breeding success of Common Buzzards.

Aims We tested whether the occurrence of oilseed rape influences the abundance of Common Voles, i.e. the main prey of Common Buzzards and so also nesting activity and breeding success of Common Buzzards.

Methods The study was carried out in 2005–2012 in a 38 km2 area in western Poland, where oilseed rape plantations (12–106 ha) covered 18% of the agricultural land. The number of active burrow entrances was used as an index of vole abundance in various crops, and Buzzard breeding performance, i.e. the occurrence of annual nesting attempts in individual long-term nesting sites as well as the presence and number of fledglings, was estimated by observations of their nests.

Results The index of vole abundance was highest in oilseed rape, and judging by the proportion of active burrow entrances (33–77%), the plantations of rape typically supported a larger portion of the local vole population than other crops. The acreage of oilseed rape fields around individual nesting sites of Buzzards did not affect the probability of nesting attempts in these sites. However, the probability of successful nesting and the number of fledglings per successful nest increased with the area of oilseed rape around the Buzzard nesting sites.

Conclusion The occurrence of oilseed rape may positively affect prey availability and in turn the breeding success of Buzzards. The spread of oilseed rape may therefore also be beneficial for other vole-eating raptors hunting in the agricultural landscapes