pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A spectre is haunting the cosmos: Quantum stability of massive gravity
  with ghosts

Many theories of modified gravity with higher order derivatives are usually
ignored because of serious problems that appear due to an additional ghost
degree of freedom. Most dangerously, it causes an immediate decay of the
vacuum. However, breaking Lorentz invariance can cure such abominable behavior.
By analyzing a model that describes a massive graviton together with a
remaining Boulware-Deser ghost mode we show that even ghostly theories of
modified gravity can yield models that are viable at both classical and quantum
levels and, therefore, they should not generally be ruled out. Furthermore, we
identify the most dangerous quantum scattering process that has the main impact
on the decay time and find differences to simple theories that only describe an
ordinary scalar field and a ghost. Additionally, constraints on the parameters
of the theory including some upper bounds on the Lorentz-breaking cutoff scale
are presented. In particular, for a simple theory of massive gravity we find
that a breaking of Lorentz invariance is allowed to happen even at scales above
the Planck mass. Finally, we discuss the relevance to other theories of
modified gravity.Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, version published in JHE
BPS counting for knots and combinatorics on words

We discuss relations between quantum BPS invariants defined in terms of a
product decomposition of certain series, and difference equations (quantum
A-polynomials) that annihilate such series. We construct combinatorial models
whose structure is encoded in the form of such difference equations, and whose
generating functions (Hilbert-Poincar\'e series) are solutions to those
equations and reproduce generating series that encode BPS invariants.
Furthermore, BPS invariants in question are expressed in terms of Lyndon words
in an appropriate language, thereby relating counting of BPS states to the
branch of mathematics referred to as combinatorics on words. We illustrate
these results in the framework of colored extremal knot polynomials: among
others we determine dual quantum extremal A-polynomials for various knots,
present associated combinatorial models, find corresponding BPS invariants
(extremal Labastida-Mari\~no-Ooguri-Vafa invariants) and discuss their
integrality.Comment: 41 pages, 1 figure, a supplementary Mathematica file attache
Higher Rank ABJM Wilson Loops from Matrix Models

We compute the vacuum expectation values of $1/6$ supersymmetric Wilson loops
in higher dimensional representations of the gauge group in ABJM theory. We
present results for the $m$-symmetric and $m$-antisymmetric representations by
exploiting standard matrix model techniques. At leading order, in the saddle
point approximation, our expressions reproduce holographic results from both D6
and D2 branes corresponding to the antisymmetric and symmetric representations,
respectively. We also compute 1/N corrections to the leading saddle point
results.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure
Capabilities of long-baseline experiments in the presence of a sterile
  neutrino

Assuming that there is a sterile neutrino, we ask what then is the ability of
long-baseline experiments to i) establish that neutrino oscillation violates
CP, ii) determine the three-neutrino mass ordering, and iii) determine which
CP-violating phase or phases are the cause of any CP violation that may be
observed. We find that the ability to establish CP violation and to determine
the mass ordering could be very substantial. However, the effects of the
sterile neutrino could be quite large, and it might prove very difficult to
determine which phase is responsible for an observed CP violation. We explain
why a sterile neutrino changes the long-baseline sensitivities to CP violation
and to the mass ordering in the ways that it does. We note that long-baseline
experiments can probe the presence of sterile neutrinos in a way that is
different from, and complementary to, the probes of short-baseline experiments.
We explore the question of how large sterile-active mixing angles need to be
before long-baseline experiments can detect their effects, or how small they
need to be before the interpretation of these experiments can safely disregard
the possible existence of sterile neutrinos.Comment: Published in JHEP, 24 pages, 12 figures, IH results adde
T-branes and $\alpha'$-corrections

We study $\alpha'$-corrections in multiple D7-brane configurations with
non-commuting profiles for their transverse position fields. We focus on
T-brane systems, crucial in F-theory GUT model building. There
$\alpha'$-corrections modify the D-term piece of the BPS equations which,
already at leading order, require a non-primitive Abelian worldvolume flux
background. We find that $\alpha'$-corrections may either i) leave this flux
background invariant, ii) modify the Abelian non-primitive flux profile, or
iii) deform it to a non-Abelian profile. The last case typically occurs when
primitive fluxes, a necessary ingredient to build 4d chiral models, are added
to the system. We illustrate these three cases by solving the
$\alpha'$-corrected D-term equations in explicit examples, and describe their
appearance in more general T-brane backgrounds. Finally, we discuss
implications of our findings for F-theory GUT local models.Comment: 42 page
Implications of a Electroweak Triplet Scalar Leptoquark on the
  Ultra-High Energy Neutrino Events at IceCube

We study the production of scalar leptoquarks at IceCube, in particular, a
particle transforming as a triplet under the weak interaction. The existence of
electroweak-triplet scalars is highly motivated by models of grand unification
and also within radiative seesaw models for neutrino mass generation. In our
framework, we extend the Standard Model by a single colored electroweak-triplet
scalar leptoquark and analyze its implications on the excess of ultra-high
energy neutrino events observed by the IceCube collaboration. We consider only
couplings between the leptoquark to first generation leptons and quarks and
carry out a statistical analysis to determine the parameters that best describe
the IceCube data as well as set $95\%$ CL upper bounds. We analyze whether this
study is still consistent with most up-to-date LHC data and various low energy
observables.Comment: 30 pages, 12 figures, Updated LHC constraints; Figure 9 modified
  consistently. Added comment on interference effect
A new 6d fixed point from holography

We propose a stringy construction giving rise to a class of interacting and
non-supersymmetric CFT's in six dimensions. Such theories may be obtained as an
IR conformal fixed point of an RG flow ending up in a $(1, 0)$ theory in the
UV. We provide the due holographic evidence in the context of massive type IIA
on $\textrm {AdS}_{7}\times M_3$, where $M_3$ is topologically an $S^3$. In
particular, in this paper we present a 10d flow solution which may be
interpreted as a non-BPS bound state of NS5, D6 and $\overline{\textrm{D6}}$
branes. Moreover, by adopting its 7d effective description, we are able to
holographically compute the free energy and the operator spectrum in the novel
IR conformal fixed point.Comment: 33 pages + appendices, 6 figures and 5 tables; v2: discussions on the
  SUSY breaking flow (sec. 2.3) and perturbative/non-perturbative stability
  (sec. 5) improved, figure added, references added, minor corrections, typos
  corrected, published versio
Holographic s-wave and p-wave Josephson junction with backreaction

In this paper, we study the holographic models of s-wave and p-wave
Josephoson junction away from probe limit in (3+1)-dimensional spacetime,
respectively. With the backreaction of the matter, we obtained the anisotropic
black hole solution with the condensation of matter fields. We observe that the
critical temperature of Josephoson junction decreases with increasing
backreaction. In addition to this, the tunneling current and condenstion of
Josephoson junction become smaller as backreaction grows larger, but the
relationship between current and phase difference still holds for sine
function. Moreover, condenstion of Josephoson junction deceases with increasing
width of junction exponentially.Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures, v2: typos corrected, contents improved,
  published versio
Linear and quadratic in temperature resistivity from holography

We present a new black hole solution in the asymptotic Lifshitz spacetime
with a hyperscaling violating factor. A novel computational method is
introduced to compute the DC thermoelectric conductivities analytically. We
find that both the linear-T and quadratic-T contributions to the resistivity
can be realized, indicating that a more detailed comparison with experimental
phenomenology can be performed in this scenario.Comment: 1+26 pages, 2 figures, major revision; perturbation of the auxiliary
  field considered; a new method was developed to compute the dc
  conductivities; published in JHE
On Volumes of Subregions in Holography and Complexity

The volume of the region inside the bulk Ryu-Takayanagi surface is a
codimension-one object, and a natural generalization of holographic complexity
to the case of subregions in the boundary QFT. We focus on time-independent
geometries, and study the properties of this volume in various circumstances.
We derive a formula for computing the volume for a strip entangling surface and
a general asymptotically AdS bulk geometry. For an AdS black hole geometry, the
volume exhibits non-monotonic behaviour as a function of the size of the
entangling region (unlike the behaviour of the entanglement entropy in this
setup, which is monotonic). For setups in which the holographic entanglement
entropy exhibits transitions in the bulk, such as global AdS black hole,
geometries dual to confining theories and disjoint entangling surfaces, the
corresponding volume exhibits a discontinuous finite jump at the transition
point (and so do the volumes of the corresponding entanglement wedges). We
compute this volume discontinuity in several examples. Lastly, we compute the
codim-zero volume and the bulk action of the entanglement wedge for the case of
a sphere entangling surface and pure AdS geometry.Comment: 25 page
The Black Hole S-Matrix from Quantum Mechanics

We revisit the old black hole S-Matrix construction and its new partial wave
expansion of 't Hooft. Inspired by old ideas from non-critical string theory \&
$c=1$ Matrix Quantum Mechanics, we reformulate the scattering in terms of a
quantum mechanical model\textemdash of waves scattering off inverted harmonic
oscillator potentials\textemdash that exactly reproduces the unitary black hole
S-Matrix for all spherical harmonics; each partial wave corresponds to an
inverted harmonic oscillator with ground state energy that is shifted relative
to the s-wave oscillator. Identifying a connection to 2d string theory allows
us to show that there is an exponential degeneracy in how a given total initial
energy may be distributed among many partial waves of the 4d black hole.Comment: 31 pages. Acknowledgements added. Published in JHE
Thermodynamics of anisotropic branes

We study the thermodynamics of flavor D7-branes embedded in an anisotropic
black brane solution of type IIB supergravity. The flavor branes undergo a
phase transition between a `Minkowski embedding', in which they lie outside of
the horizon, and a `black hole embedding', in which they fall into the horizon.
This transition depends on the black hole temperature, its degree of
anisotropy, and the mass of the flavor degrees of freedom. It happens either at
a critical temperature or at a critical anisotropy. A general lesson we learn
from this analysis is that the anisotropy, in this particular realization,
induces similar effects as the temperature. In particular, increasing the
anisotropy bends the branes more and more into the horizon. Moreover, we
observe that the transition becomes smoother for higher anisotropies.Comment: 24 pages, 16 figures; v2: 25 pages, discussion of chiral condensate
  improved, minor changes, references adde
Three-dimensional N=4 Linear Quivers and non-Abelian T-duals

In this paper we construct a new Type IIB background with an $AdS_4$ factor
that preserves ${\cal N}=4$ Supersymmetry. This solution is obtained using a
non-Abelian T-duality transformation on the Type IIA reduction of the
$AdS_4\times S^7$ background. We interpret our configuration as a patch of a
more general background with localised sources, dual to the renormalisation
fixed point of a $T_{\rho}^{\hat{\rho}} (SU(N))$ quiver field theory. This
relates explicitly the $AdS_4$ geometry to a D3-D5-NS5 brane intersection,
illuminating what seems to be a more general phenomenon, relating $AdS_{p+1}$
backgrounds generated by non-Abelian T-duality to Dp-D(p+2)-NS5 branes
intersections.Comment: 36 pages, various figures. Minor changes, to match the version to be
  published in JHE
Deformations of Superconformal Theories

We classify possible supersymmetry-preserving relevant, marginal, and
irrelevant deformations of unitary superconformal theories in $d \geq 3$
dimensions. Our method only relies on symmetries and unitarity. Hence, the
results are model independent and do not require a Lagrangian description. Two
unifying themes emerge: first, many theories admit deformations that reside in
multiplets together with conserved currents. Such deformations can lead to
modifications of the supersymmetry algebra by central and non-central charges.
Second, many theories with a sufficient amount of supersymmetry do not admit
relevant or marginal deformations, and some admit neither. The classification
is complicated by the fact that short superconformal multiplets display a rich
variety of sporadic phenomena, including supersymmetric deformations that
reside in the middle of a multiplet. We illustrate our results with examples in
diverse dimensions. In particular, we explain how the classification of
irrelevant supersymmetric deformations can be used to derive known and new
constraints on moduli-space effective actions.Comment: 73 pages, 34 table
Gravity On-shell Diagrams

We study on-shell diagrams for gravity theories with any number of
supersymmetries and find a compact Grassmannian formula in terms of edge
variables of the graphs. Unlike in gauge theory where the analogous form
involves only $\dlog$-factors, in gravity there is a non-trivial numerator as
well as higher degree poles in the edge variables. Based on the structure of
the Grassmannian formula for $\N=8$ supergravity we conjecture that gravity
loop amplitudes also possess similar properties. In particular, we find that
there are only logarithmic singularities on cuts with finite loop momentum,
poles at infinity are present and loop amplitudes show special behavior on
certain collinear cuts. We demonstrate on 1-loop and 2-loop examples that the
behavior on collinear cuts is a highly non-trivial property which requires
cancellations between all terms contributing to the amplitude.Comment: 45 pages, 37 figure
Criteria For Superfluid Instabilities of Geometries with Hyperscaling
  Violation

We examine the onset of superfluid instabilities for geometries that exhibit
hyperscaling violation and Lifshitz-like scaling at infrared and intermediate
energy scales, and approach AdS in the ultraviolet. In particular, we are
interested in the role of a non-trivial coupling between the neutral scalar
supporting the scaling regime, and the (charged) complex scalar which
condenses. The analysis focuses exclusively on unstable modes arising from the
hyperscaling-violating portion of the geometry. Working at zero temperature, we
identify simple analytical criteria for the presence of scalar instabilities,
and discuss under which conditions a minimal charge will be needed to trigger a
transition. Finite temperature examples are constructed numerically for a few
illustrative cases.Comment: 41 pages, 7 figure
Covariant and background independent functional RG flow for the
  effective average action

We extend our prescription for the construction of a covariant and
background-independent effective action for scalar quantum field theories to
the case where momentum modes below a certain scale are suppressed by the
presence of an infrared regulator. The key step is an appropriate choice of the
infrared cutoff for which the Ward identity, capturing the information from
single-field dependence of the ultraviolet action, continues to be exactly
solvable, and therefore, in addition to covariance, manifest background
independence of the effective action is guaranteed at any scale. A practical
consequence is that in this framework one can adopt truncations dependent on
the single total field. Furthermore we discuss the necessary and sufficient
conditions for the preservation of symmetries along the renormalization group
flow.Comment: 20 pages, latex, revised version, accepted for pub. on JHE
Patterns of Strong Coupling for LHC Searches

Even though the Standard Model (SM) is weakly coupled at the Fermi scale, a
new strong dynamics involving its degrees of freedom may conceivably lurk at
slightly higher energies, in the multi TeV range. Approximate symmetries
provide a structurally robust context where, within the low energy description,
the dimensionless SM couplings are weak, while the new strong dynamics
manifests itself exclusively through higher-derivative interactions. We present
an exhaustive classification of such scenarios in the form of effective field
theories, paying special attention to new classes of models where the strong
dynamics involves, along with the Higgs boson, the SM gauge bosons and/or the
fermions. The IR softness of the new dynamics suppresses its effects at LEP
energies, but deviations are in principle detectable at the LHC, even at
energies below the threshold for production of new states. Our construction
provides the so far unique structurally robust context where to motivate
several searches in Higgs physics, diboson production, or WW scattering, which
were so far poorly justified. Perhaps surprisingly, the interplay between weak
coupling, strong coupling and derivatives, which is controlled by symmetries,
can override the naive expansion in operator dimension, providing instances
where dimension-8 dominates dimension-6, well within the domain of validity of
the low energy effective theory. This result reveals the limitations of an
analysis that is both ambitiously general and restricted to dimension-6
operators.Comment: 37 pages, 1 figur
On the construction of the correlation numbers in Minimal Liouville
  Gravity

The computation of the correlation numbers in Minimal Liouville Gravity
involves an integration over moduli spaces of complex curves. There are two
independent approaches to the calculation: the direct one, based on the CFT
methods and Liouville higher equations of motion, and the alternative one,
motivated by discrete description of 2D gravity and based on the Douglas string
equation. However these two approaches give rise to the results that are not
always consistent among themselves. In this paper we explore this problem. We
show that in order to reconcile two methods the so-called discrete terms in the
operator product expansion in the underlying Liouville theory must be properly
taken into account. In this way we propose modified version of the expression
for four-point correlation number and find full agreement between direct and
alternative approaches. Our result allows to consider correlators without any
restrictions on the number of conformal blocks contributing to the matter
sector correlation function
The connected prescription for form factors in twistor space

We propose a connected prescription formula in twistor space for all
tree-level form factors of the stress tensor multiplet operator in
$\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills, which is a generalisation of the expression
of Roiban, Spradlin and Volovich for superamplitudes. By introducing link
variables, we show that our formula is identical to the recently proposed
four-dimensional scattering equations for form factors. Similarly to the case
of amplitudes, the link representation of form factors is shown to be directly
related to BCFW recursion relations, and is considerably more tractable than
the scattering equations. We also discuss how our results are related to a
recent Grassmannian formulation of form factors, and comment on a possible
derivation of our formula from ambitwistor strings.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figure
Transverse Momentum Dependent Fragmenting Jet Functions with
  Applications to Quarkonium Production

We introduce the transverse momentum dependent fragmenting jet function
(TMDFJF), which appears in factorization theorems for cross sections for jets
with an identified hadron. These are functions of $z$, the hadron's
longitudinal momentum fraction, and transverse momentum,
$\boldsymbol{\mathrm{p}}_{\perp}$, relative to the jet axis. In the framework
of Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) we derive the TMDFJF from both a
factorized SCET cross section and the TMD fragmentation function defined in the
literature. The TMDFJFs are factorized into distinct collinear and
soft-collinear modes by matching onto SCET$_+$. As TMD calculations contain
rapidity divergences, both the renormalization group (RG) and rapidity
renormalization group (RRG) must be used to provide resummed calculations with
next-to-leading-logarithm prime (NLL') accuracy. We apply our formalism to the
production of $J/\psi$ within jets initiated by gluons. In this case the TMDFJF
can be calculated in terms of NRQCD (Non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics)
fragmentation functions. We find that when the $J/\psi$ carries a significant
fraction of the jet energy, the $p_T$ and $z$ distributions differ for
different NRQCD production mechanisms. Another observable with discriminating
power is the average angle that the $J/\psi$ makes with the jet axis.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figure
Three-loop vacuum integrals with arbitrary masses

Three-loop vacuum integrals are an important building block for the
calculation of a wide range of three-loop corrections. Until now, only results
for integrals with one and two independent mass scales are known, but in the
electroweak Standard Model and many extensions thereof, one often encounters
more mass scales of comparable magnitude. For this reason, a numerical approach
for the evaluation of three-loop vacuum integrals with arbitrary mass pattern
is proposed here. Concretely, one can identify a basic set of three master
integral topologies. With the help of dispersion relations, each of these can
be transformed into one-dimensional or, for the most complicated case,
two-dimensional integrals in terms of elementary functions, which are suitable
for efficient numerical integration.Comment: 17 pages; ancillary file with subtraction formulae for the U5 master
  integral in Mathematica format are supplied with this submission. v2: minor
  typos corrected and few references added, version to published in JHE
Split NMSSM with electroweak baryogenesis

In light of the Higgs boson discovery we reconsider generation of the baryon
asymmetry in the non-minimal split Supersymmetry model with an additional
singlet superfield in the Higgs sector. We find that successful baryogenesis
during the first order electroweak phase transition is possible within
phenomenologically viable part of the model parameter space. We discuss several
phenomenological consequences of this scenario, namely, predictions for the
electric dipole moments of electron and neutron and collider signatures of
light charginos and neutralinos.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure