pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV in the single-lepton final state using the sum of masses of large-radius jets

Results are reported from a search for supersymmetric particles in proton-proton collisions in the final state with a single, high transverse momentum lepton; multiple jets, including at least one b-tagged jet; and large missing transverse momentum. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb−1 at √s = 13 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The search focuses on processes leading to high jet multiplicities, such as gluino pair production with g˜→tt¯χ˜10. The quantity MJ, defined as the sum of the masses of the large-radius jets in the event, is used in conjunction with other kinematic variables to provide discrimination between signal and background and as a key part of the background estimation method. The observed event yields in the signal regions in data are consistent with those expected for standard model backgrounds, estimated from control regions in data. Exclusion limits are obtained for a simplified model corresponding to gluino pair production with three-body decays into top quarks and neutralinos. Gluinos with a mass below 1600 GeV are excluded at a 95% confidence level for scenarios with low χ˜10 mass, and neutralinos with a mass below 800 GeV are excluded for a gluino mass of about 1300 GeV. For models with two-body gluino decays producing on-shell top squarks, the excluded region is only weakly sensitive to the top squark mass.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Directed and Elliptic Flow in 158 AGeV Pb + Pb Collisions

Directed and elliptic flow of protons and positively charged pions has been studied in the target fragmentation region using the Plastic Ball detector in the WA98 experiment. The results exhibit a strong dependence on centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum. The rapidity dependence can be described by a Gaussian distribution. The model comparisons reveal a large discrepancy of the flow strength obtained from the data and the simulations.Directed and elliptic flow of protons and positively charged pions has been studied in the target fragmentation region using the Plastic Ball detector in the WA98 experiment. The results exhibit a strong dependence on centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum. The rapidity dependence can be described by a Gaussian distribution. The model comparisons reveal a large discrepancy of the flow strength obtained from the data and the simulations
Measurement of the cross-section for electroweak production of dijets in
  association with a $Z$ boson in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the
  ATLAS detector

The cross-section for the production of two jets in association with a
leptonically decaying Z boson ($Zjj$) is measured in proton-proton collisions
at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, using data recorded with the ATLAS
detector at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 3.2 fb$^{-1}$. The electroweak $Zjj$ cross-section is extracted
in a fiducial region chosen to enhance the electroweak contribution relative to
the dominant Drell-Yan $Zjj$ process, which is constrained using a data-driven
approach. The measured fiducial electroweak cross-section is
$\sigma^{Zjj}_{EW}= 119\pm 16 (\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 20 (\mathrm{syst.})\pm 2
(\mathrm{lumi.})$ for dijet invariant mass greater than 250 GeV, and $34.2\pm
5.8 (\mathrm{stat.})\pm 5.5 (\mathrm{syst.})\pm 0.7 (\mathrm{lumi.})$ for dijet
invariant mass greater than 1 TeV. Standard Model predictions are in agreement
with the measurements. The inclusive $Zjj$ cross-section is also measured in
six different fiducial regions with varying contributions from electroweak and
Drell-Yan $Zjj$ production.Comment: 40 pages in total, author list starting page 24, 6 figures, 5 tables,
  published in Phys. Lett. B. All figures and tables including auxiliary
  figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2016-09
Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2 +/- 1 flavors

We present a full result for the 2 + 1 flavor QCD equation of state. All the systematics are controlled, the quark masses are set to their physical values, and the continuum extrapolation is carried out. This extends our previous studies (Aoki et al., 2006 [18]; Borsanyi et al., 2010 [14]) to even finer lattices and now includes ensembles with N-t = 6, 8, 10, 12 up to N-t = 16. We use a Symanzik improved gauge and a stout-link improved staggered fermion action. Our findings confirm our earlier results. In order to facilitate the direct use of our equation of state we make our tabulated results available for download [33]. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to di-photon production in association with up to three jets at the Large Hadron Collider.

We present the computation of next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections to di-photon production in association with two or three hard jets in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The inclusion of NLO corrections is shown to substantially reduce the theoretical uncertainties estimated from scale variations on total cross section predictions. We study a range of differential distributions relevant for phenomenological studies of photon pair production in association with jets at the LHC. Using an efficient computational set-up we performed a detailed study of uncertainties due to parton distribution functions. The computation of the virtual corrections is performed using new features of the C++ library NJet
Preserving invariance properties of reaction–diffusion systems on stationary surfaces

We propose and analyse a lumped surface finite element method for the numerical approximation of reaction–diffusion systems on stationary compact surfaces in R3. The proposed method preserves the invariant regions of the continuous problem under discretization and, in the special case of scalar equations, it preserves the maximum principle. On the application of a fully discrete scheme using the implicit–explicit Euler method in time, we prove that invariant regions of the continuous problem are preserved (i) at the spatially discrete level with no restriction on the meshsize and (ii) at the fully discrete level under a timestep restriction. We further prove optimal error bounds for the semidiscrete and fully discrete methods, that is, the convergence rates are quadratic in the meshsize and linear in the timestep. Numerical experiments are provided to support the theoretical findings. We provide examples in which, in the absence of lumping, the numerical solution violates the invariant region leading to blow-up
An intervention analysis on the Tokyo grain exchange non- genetically modified and conventional soybean futures market

This paper examines how efficiently the price premium for non-genetically modified (non-GM) soybeans at the Tokyo Grain Exchange (TGE) reacts to an announcement to change the contract unit, suppliers, and expiration date on the conventional soybean futures contract. Intervention analysis is used for this purpose. The results reveal that the price premium for non-GM soybeans increases after the change and this effect remains for four months. Hence, prices of the two soybean futures markets did not respond quickly to the announcement and there was an informational inefficiency after the announcement occurred.
Ensemble evaluation of hydrological model hypotheses

publication-status: Publishedtypes: ArticleCopyright © 2010 American Geophysical UnionIt is demonstrated for the first time how model parameter, structural and data uncertainties can be accounted for explicitly and simultaneously within the Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation (GLUE) methodology. As an example application, 72 variants of a single soil moisture accounting store are tested as simplified hypotheses of runoff generation at six experimental grassland field-scale lysimeters through model rejection and a novel diagnostic scheme. The fields, designed as replicates, exhibit different hydrological behaviors which yield different model performances. For fields with low initial discharge levels at the beginning of events, the conceptual stores considered reach their limit of applicability. Conversely, one of the fields yielding more discharge than the others, but having larger data gaps, allows for greater flexibility in the choice of model structures. As a model learning exercise, the study points to a “leaking” of the fields not evident from previous field experiments. It is discussed how understanding observational uncertainties and incorporating these into model diagnostics can help appreciate the scale of model structural error
Permeation of skin with (C60) fullerene dispersions

Dispersions in transcutol/isopropyl myristate make C60 fullerene molecules suitable for transdermal delivery. We found that C60 can successfully permeate the skin using pig skin in Franz diffusion cells. Molecular dynamics simulations and transmission electron microscopy confirmed these observations. Basic cosmetic formulations with transcutol/ isopropyl myristate without harsh organic solvents show a high potential for delivery of C60 for biopharmaceutical and cosmetics applications.This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI01-0145-FEDER-006684).). Artur Ribeiro thanks FCT for the SFRH\BPD\98388\2013 grant.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7, 8, and 13 TeV

Searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson are presented. The data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC correspond to integrated luminosities of 5.1, 19.7, and 2.3 $fb^{−1}$ at centre-of-mass energies of 7, 8, and 13 TeV, respectively. The search channels target Higgs boson production via gluon fusion, vector boson fusion, and in association with a vector boson. Upper limits are placed on the branching fraction of the Higgs boson decay to invisible particles, as a function of the assumed production cross sections. The combination of all channels, assuming standard model production, yields an observed (expected) upper limit on the invisible branching fraction of 0.24 (0.23) at the 95% confidence level. The results are also interpreted in the context of Higgs-portal dark matter models
Ceropegia macmasteri (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae-Ceropegieae), a new species from Eastern Cape, South Africa

Ceropegia macmasteri, a new species from Cathcart in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa, is only known from a single population in Dohne sourveld grassland where it occurs with another rare local endemic species of the Ceropegieae, Brachystelma cathcartense R.A.Dyer. The new species, an herbaceous grassland plant with a tuberous rootstock, most closely resembles C. stentiae E.A.Bruce, but is distinguished by its linear-erect corona lobes and inner corona conniving to form a central column
The social context of tuberculosis treatment in urban risk groups in the United Kingdom :
                    a qualitative interview study

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.OBJECTIVES: There is scant qualitative research into the experiences of tuberculosis (TB) treatment in urban risk groups with complex health and social needs in the UK. This study aimed to describe the social context of adherence to treatment in marginalized groups attending a major TB centre in London. METHODS: A qualitative cross-sectional study was performed using semi-structured interviews with patients receiving treatment for TB. Analytical frameworks aimed to reflect the role of broader social structures in shaping individual health actions. RESULTS: There were 17 participants; the majority were homeless and had complex medical and social needs, including drug and alcohol use or immigration problems affecting entitlement to social welfare. Participants rarely actively chose not to take their medication, but described a number of social and institutional barriers to adherence and their need for practical support. Many struggled with the physical aspects of taking medication and the side effects. Participants receiving directly observed therapy (DOT) reported both positive and negative experiences, reflecting the type of DOT provider and culture of the organization. CONCLUSIONS: There is a need for integrated care across drug, alcohol, HIV, and homeless services in order to address the complex clinical co-morbidities and social needs that impact on the patient's ability to sustain a course of treatment
Exercise for health: a randomized, controlled trial evaluating the impact of a pragmatic, translational exercise intervention on the quality of life, function and treatment-related side effects following breast cancer

Exercise for Health was a randomized, controlled trial designed to evaluate two modes of delivering (face-to-face [FtF] and over-the-telephone [Tel]) an 8-month translational exercise intervention, commencing 6-weeks post-breast cancer surgery (PS). Outcomes included quality of life (QoL), function (fitness and upper body) and treatment-related side effects (fatigue, lymphoedema, body mass index, menopausal symptoms, anxiety, depression and pain). Generalised estimating equation modelling determined time (baseline [5 weeks PS], mid-intervention [6 months PS], post-intervention [12 months PS]), group (FtF, Tel, Usual Care [UC]) and time-by-group effects. 194 women representative of the breast cancer population were randomised to the FtF (n = 67), Tel (n = 67) and UC (n = 60) groups. There were significant (p < 0.05) interaction effects on QoL, fitness and fatigue with differences being observed between the treatment groups and the UC group. Trends observed for the treatment groups were similar. The treatment groups reported improved QoL, fitness and fatigue over time and changes observed between baseline and post-intervention were clinically relevant. In contrast, the UC group experienced no change, or worsening QoL, fitness and fatigue, mid-intervention. Although improvements in the UC group occurred by 12-months post-surgery, the change did not meet the clinically relevant threshold. There were no differences in other treatment-related side effects between groups. This translational intervention trial, delivered either FtF or Tel, supports exercise as a form of adjuvant breast cancer therapy that can prevent declines in fitness and function during treatment and optimise recovery post-treatment
Looking for the best immune-checkpoint inhibitor in pre-treated NSCLC patients: An indirect comparison between nivolumab, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab

Immune-checkpoint inhibitors represent the new standard of care in patients with advanced NSCLC who progressed after first-line treatment. This work aim to assess any difference in both efficacy and safety profiles among Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab and Atezolizumab in pre-treated NSCLC patients. Randomized clinical trials comparing immune-checkpoint inhibitor versus docetaxel in pre-treated patients with advanced NSCLC were included and direct comparison meta-analysis of selected trials have been performed. Subsequently the summary estimates of Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab and Atezolizumab emerging from the direct meta-analysis were selected to provide the pooled estimates of hazard ratio (HR) and relative risk (RR) for the indirect comparisons among these agents. A total of 5 studies met the selection criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Indirect comparisons for efficacy outcomes showed the RR for ORR nivolumab versus atezolizumab 1.66 (95% CI 1.07â\u88\u922.58), pembrolizumab versus atezolizumab 1.94 (95% CI 1.30â\u88\u922.90). No significant differences in both PFS and OS have been observed. Indirect comparisons for safety showed the RR for G3-5 AEs nivolumab versus pembrolizumab 0.41 (95% CI 0.29â\u88\u920.60), nivolumab versus atezolizumab 0.50 (95% CI 0.35â\u88\u920.72). No significant differences in both pneumonitis and discontinuation rate have been observed. The results of this work revealed that nivolumab and pembrolizumab are associated with a significant increase of ORR as compared to atezolizumab and nivolumab is associated with a significant lower incidence of G3-5 AEs as compared to the other drugs. These evidences could support the oncologists to select the best drug for each patient
Extragenic suppressor mutations that restore twitching motility to fimL mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa are associated with elevated intracellular cyclic AMP levels

Cyclic AMP (cAMP) is a signaling molecule that is involved in the regulation of multiple virulence systems of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The intracellular concentration of cAMP in P. aeruginosa cells is tightly controlled at the levels of cAMP synthesis and degradation through regulation of the activity and/or expression of the adenylate cyclases CyaA and CyaB or the cAMP phosphodiesterase CpdA. Interestingly, mutants of fimL, which usually demonstrate defective twitching motility, frequently revert to a wild‐type twitching‐motility phenotype presumably via the acquisition of an extragenic suppressor mutation(s). In this study, we have characterized five independent fimL twitching‐motility revertants and have determined that all have increased intracellular cAMP levels compared with the parent fimL mutant. Whole‐genome sequencing revealed that only one of these fimL revertants has acquired a loss‐of‐function mutation in cpdA that accounts for the elevated levels of intracellular cAMP. As mutation of cpdA did not account for the restoration of twitching motility observed in the other four fimL revertants, these observations suggest that there is at least another, as yet unidentified, site of extragenic suppressor mutation that can cause phenotypic reversion in fimL mutants and modulation of intracellular cAMP levels of P. aeruginosa
Reduction of anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane by heparanase does not lead to proteinuria.

Contains fulltext :
                  71200.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Heparan sulfate in the glomerular basement membrane has been considered crucial for charge-selective filtration. In many proteinuric diseases, increased glomerular expression of heparanase is associated with decreased heparan sulfate. Here, we used mice overexpressing heparanase and evaluated the expression of different heparan sulfate domains in the kidney and other tissues measured with anti-heparan sulfate antibodies. Glycosaminoglycan-associated anionic sites were visualized by the cationic dye cupromeronic blue. Transgenic mice showed a differential loss of heparan sulfate domains in several tissues. An unmodified and a sulfated heparan sulfate domain resisted heparanase action in vivo and in vitro. Glycosaminoglycan-associated anionic sites were reduced about fivefold in the glomerular basement membrane of transgenic mice, whereas glomerular ultrastructure and renal function remained normal. Heparanase-resistant heparan sulfate domains may represent remnant chains or chains not susceptible to cleavage. Importantly, the strong reduction of glycosaminoglycan-associated anionic sites in the glomerular basement membrane without development of a clear renal phenotype questions the primary role of heparan sulfate in charge-selective filtration. We cannot, however, exclude that overexpression of heparanase and heparan sulfate loss in the basement membrane in glomerular diseases contributes to proteinuria
Dust in brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets : V. Cloud formation in carbon- and oxygen-rich environments

We highlight financial support of the European Community under the FP7 by an ERC starting grant number 257431. A summer scholarship for DT provided by the Royal Astronomical Society is highly acknowledged.Context. Recent observations indicate potentially carbon-rich (C/O > 1) exoplanet atmospheres. Spectral fitting methods for brown dwarfs and exoplanets have invoked the C/O ratio as additional parameter but carbon-rich cloud formation modeling is a challenge for the models applied. The determination of the habitable zone for exoplanets requires the treatment of cloud formation in chemically different regimes. Aims. We aim to model cloud formation processes for carbon-rich exoplanetary atmospheres. Disk models show that carbon-rich or near-carbon-rich niches may emerge and cool carbon planets may trace these particular stages of planetary evolution. Methods. We extended our kinetic cloud formation model by including carbon seed formation and the formation of C[s], TiC[s], SiC[s], KCl[s], and MgS[s] by gas-surface reactions. We solved a system of dust moment equations and element conservation for a prescribed Drift-Phoenixatmosphere structure to study how a cloud structure would change with changing initial C/O0 = 0.43...10.0. Results. The seed formation efficiency is lower in carbon-rich atmospheres than in oxygen-rich gases because carbon is a very effective growth species. The consequence is that fewer particles make up a cloud if C/O0 > 1. The cloud particles are smaller in size than in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. An increasing initial C/O ratio does not revert this trend because a much greater abundance of condensible gas species exists in a carbon-rich environment. Cloud particles are generally made of a mix of materials: carbon dominates if C/O0 > 1 and silicates dominate if C/O0 < 1. A carbon content of 80-90% carbon is reached only in extreme cases where C/O0 = 3.0 or 10.0. Conclusions. Carbon-rich atmospheres form clouds that are made of particles of height-dependent mixed compositions, sizes and numbers. The remaining gas phase is far less depleted than in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. Typical tracer molecules are HCN and C2H2 in combination with a featureless, smooth continuum due to a carbonaceous cloud cover, unless the cloud particles become crystalline.PostprintPeer reviewe
A method to diagnose boundary-layer type using Doppler lidar

A new technique for objective classification of boundary layers is applied to ground-based vertically pointing Doppler lidar and sonic anemometer data. The observed boundary layer has been classified into nine different types based on those in the Met Office ‘Lock’ scheme, using vertical velocity variance and skewness, along with attenuated backscatter coefficient and surface sensible heat flux. This new probabilistic method has been applied to three years of data from Chilbolton Observatory in southern England and a climatology of boundary-layer type has been created. A clear diurnal cycle is present in all seasons. The most common boundary-layer type is stable with no cloud (30.0% of the dataset). The most common unstable type is well mixed with no cloud (15.4%). Decoupled stratocumulus is the third most common boundary-layer type (10.3%) and cumulus under stratocumulus occurs 1.0% of the time. The occurrence of stable boundary-layer types is much higher in the winter than the summer and boundary-layer types capped with cumulus cloud are more prevalent in the warm seasons. The most common diurnal evolution of boundary-layer types, occurring on 52 days of our three-year dataset, is that of no cloud with the stability changing from stable to unstable during daylight hours. These results are based on 16393 hours, 62.4% of the three-year dataset, of diagnosed boundary-layer type. This new method is ideally suited to long-term evaluation of boundary-layer type parametrisations in weather forecast and climate models