pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Aspects of hot Galilean field theory

We reconsider general aspects of Galilean-invariant thermal field theory. Using the proposal of our companion paper, we recast non-relativistic hydrodynamics in a manifestly covariant way and couple it to a background spacetime. We examine the concomitant consequences for the thermal partition functions of Galilean theories on a time-independent, but weakly curved background. We work out both the hydrodynamics and partition functions in detail for the example of parity-violating normal fluids in two dimensions to first order in the gradient expansion, finding results that differ from those previously reported in the literature. As for relativistic field theories, the equality-type constraints imposed by the existence of an entropy current appear to be in one-to-one correspondence with those arising from the existence of a hydrostatic partition function. Along the way, we obtain a number of useful results about non-relativistic hydrodynamics, including a manifestly boost-invariant presentation thereof, simplified Ward identities, the systematics of redefinitions of the fluid variables, and the positivity of entropy production
A computational approach to implicit entities and events in text and discourse

In this paper we will focus on the notion of “implicit”
or lexically unexpressed linguistic elements that are
nonetheless necessary for a complete semantic interpretation
of a text. We refer to “entities” and “events” because
the recovery of the implicit material may affect all the modules
of a system for semantic processing, from the grammatically
guided components to the inferential and reasoning
ones. Reference to the system GETARUNS offers one possible
implementation of the algorithms and procedures needed
to cope with the problem and enables us to deal with all the
spectrum of phenomena. The paper will address at first the
following three types of “implicit” entities and events:
– the grammatical ones, as suggested by a linguistic theories
like LFG or similar generative theories;
– the semantic ones suggested in the FrameNet project, i.e.
CNI, DNI, INI;
– the pragmatic ones: here we will present a theory and an
implementation for the recovery of implicit entities and
events of (non-) standard implicatures.
In particular we will show how the use of commonsense
knowledge may fruitfully contribute to find relevant implied
meanings. Last Implicit Entity only touched on, though for
lack of space, is the Subject of Point of View, which is computed
by Semantic Informational Structure and contributes
the intended entity from whose point of view a given subjective
statement is expressed
Scenarios of livestock - related greenhouse gas emissions in Austria

This paper compares existing livestock emissions and projections on three different spatial levels (global, European, national)  and on two sets of system boundaries (inventory data and emission data considering the whole lifecycle). It aims to provide  insight in the validity of scenario data of national Austrian livestock emissions. This entails the use of national greenhouse gas  emission trends until 2030 - specifically for Austria - as well as EU-based assessments of country emssions up to 2050. In  addition, global emission data was extracted from the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) database for the years  2000-2100. Extending national emission projections up to 2100 by combining different datasets connect national emission  policies to international strategies. It becomes clear that the goal of keeping average global temperture rise under 2 degrees C  (represented by RCP2.6), even in the medium term to 2030 and only looking at the livestock sector, ismuch more ambitious  than any of the national projections. Furthermore, inventory emission data is set in contrast to emision data considering the  whole lifecycle of meat products in Austria, with an overview of assessments from pork and beef production. Emissions reported  in inventories represent roughly half of those assigned to the livestock sector in life cycle studies
Phase operators, phase states and vector phase states for SU(3) and SU(2,1)

This paper focuses on phase operators, phase states and vector phase states for the sl(3) Lie algebra. We introduce a one-parameter generalized oscillator algebra A(k,2) which provides a unified scheme for dealing with su(3) (for k < 0), su(2,1) (for k > 0) and h(4) x h(4) (for k = 0) symmetries. Finite- and infinite-dimensional representations of A(k,2) are constructed for k < 0 and k > 0 or = 0, respectively. Phase operators associated with A(k,2) are defined and temporally stable phase states (as well as vector phase states) are constructed as eigenstates of these operators. Finally, we discuss a relation between quantized phase states and a quadratic discrete Fourier transform and show how to use these states for constructing mutually unbiased bases
Implications of paleomagnetic results from the Permian Rodez basin for the late Variscan tectonics in the southern French massif Central.

A paleomagnetic study has been carried out on three sedimentary formations of the Permian Rodez basin in the southern France. Two of them yield paleomagnetic poles of Saxonian and Thuringian age showing counterclockwise rotation of moderate amplitude, during or after the Thuringian deposition. For the French Massif Central, contrary to its stable southern (Lodève basin) and eastern (Largentière basin) borders, on its southwestern border, in a large area including the Rodez, Saint-Affrique and perhaps Brive basins suffered rotations due to the extensional tectonics during the Late Variscan period
Non-Binding Voluntary Agreements

I am grateful to the publisher, Elsevier, for letting the manuscript being archived in this Open Access repository.International audienceIn reality, most voluntary agreements with polluters (VAs) are not enforceable in the sense that no legal tools are available to enforce Örmsí commitments. We examine whether such VAs are able to achieve an e¢ cient level of environmental protection when they are obtained under the legislative threat of a pollution quota. We show that they can improve social welfare relative to legislative intervention when lobbying Congress is very e§ective and when the polluter and the regulator do not discount future costs and beneÖts heavily. These Öndings suggest that VAs should be used selectively, taking into account sector characteristics and the degree of ináuence of lobbying on Congress
The most recent (682-792 C.E.) volcanic eruption in the Jombolok lava field, East Sayan, Central Asia triggered exodus of Mongolian pre-Chinggis Khaan tribes (778-786 C.E.)

International audienceThis study presents new data on one of the most recent (historical) volcanic eruptions in Central Asia. The Jombolok lava field located in the East Sayan Mountains (Southern Siberia) was formed during Late Pleistocene and Holocene times. At least four phases of volcanic activity have been identified and evidences associated with the last phase have been found in the upper reaches of the Khi-Gol valley and in the Oka-Jombolok basin. The volcanic activity is represented by young basaltic lava located among older lavas. Live and dead trees have been sampled in the young lava field. Nine fragments of wood have been found embedded in lavas of the latest eruption. Dendrochronological analysis, radiocarbon dating and the analysis of historical chronicles have shown that the latest eruption occurred during the period 682-792 A.D. The volcanic activity possibly triggered the migration of Mongolian tribes out of the locality known in historical chronicles as Ergune-Kun towards the Onon River, which, 400 years later, became the place of birth and rise of Chinggis Khaan
Coexistence phenomena and global bifurcation structure in a chemostat-like model with species-dependent diffusion rates

International audienceWe study the competition of two species for a single resource in a chemostat. In the simplest space-homogeneous situation, it is known that only one species survives, namely the best competitor. In order to exhibit coexistence phenomena, where the two competitors are able to survive, we consider a space dependent situation: we assume that the two species and the resource follow a di usion process in space, on top of the competition process. Besides, and in order to consider the most general case, we assume each population is associated with a distinct di usion constant. This is a key di culty in our analysis: the speci c (and classical) case where all di usion constants are equal, leads to a particular conservation law, which in turn allows to eliminate the resource in the equations, a fact that considerably simpli fies the analysis and the qualitative phenomena. Using the global bifurcation theory, we prove that the underlying 2-species, stationary, di usive, chemostat-like model, does possess coexistence solutions, where both species survive. On top of that, we identify the domain, in the space of the relevant bifurcation parameters, for which the system does have coexistence solutions
Gene Capture Coupled to High-Throughput Sequencing as a Strategy for Targeted Metagenome Exploration

International audienceNext-generation sequencing (NGS) allows faster acquisition of metagenomic data, but complete exploration of complex ecosystems is hindered by the extraordinary diversity of microorganisms. To reduce the environmental complexity, we created an innovative solution hybrid selection (SHS) method that is combined with NGS to characterize large DNA fragments harbouring biomarkers of interest. The quality of enrichment was evaluated after fragments containing the methyl coenzyme M reductase subunit A gene (mcrA), the biomarker of methanogenesis, were captured from a Methanosarcina strain and a metagenomic sample from a meromictic lake. The methanogen diversity was compared with direct metagenome and mcrA-based amplicon pyrosequencing strategies. The SHS approach resulted in the capture of DNA fragments up to 2.5 kb with an enrichment efficiency between 41 and 100%, depending on the sample complexity. Compared with direct metagenome and amplicons sequencing, SHS detected broader mcrA diversity, and it allowed efficient sampling of the rare biosphere and unknown sequences. In contrast to amplicon-based strategies, SHS is less biased and GC independent, and it recovered complete biomarker sequences in addition to conserved regions. Because this method can also isolate the regions flanking the target sequences, it could facilitate operon reconstructions
Magnetic field dependence of the coherence length and penetration depth of MgB2 single crystals

International audienceWe report on specific heat and Hall probe magnetization measurements in magnesium diboride single crystals. A magnetic field dependence of the coherence length has been deduced from the former assuming that the electronic excitations are localized in field dependent vortex cores in which case is related to the Sommerfeld coefficient = Cp /T T→0 throughout, H /a0 2 a0 being the vortex spacing . The reversible part of the magnetization has been analyzed with a phenomenological Ginzburg-Landau model introducing field dependent parameters i.e., penetration depth and which account for the decreasing contribution of the -band with increasing field. This approach perfectly reproduces the experimental data by combining the field dependence of deduced from Cp 1/ 2 B with an almost linear increase of from 450 Å at low field to 700 Å close to Hc2. These field dependences can then be used to consistently describe the field dependence of the critical current density, small angle neutron scattering form factor, and muon spin relaxation rate
Covariation between mean vole density and variability drives the numerical response of storks to vole prey

Hušek et al. (Popul Ecol 55:363–375, 2013) showed that the numerical response of storks to vole prey was stronger in regions where variability in vole density was higher. This finding is, at first sight, in contradiction with the predictions of life-history theory in stochastic environments. Since the stork productivity-vole density relationship is concave, theory predicts a negative association between the temporal variability in vole density and stork productivity. Here, we illustrate this negative effect of vole variability on stork productivity with a simple mathematical model relating expected stork productivity to vole dynamics. When comparing model simulations to the observed mean density and variability of thirteen Czech and Polish vole populations, we find that the observed positive effect of vole variability on stork numerical response is most likely due to an unusual positive correlation between mean and variability of vole density
Familial focal epilepsy with focal cortical dysplasia due to DEPDC5 mutations

International audienceObjectiveThe DEPDC5 (DEP domain-containing protein 5) gene, encoding a repressor of the mTORC1 signaling pathway, has recently emerged as a major gene mutated in familial focal epilepsies. We aimed to further extend the role of DEPDC5 to focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs).MethodsSeven patients from 4 families with DEPDC5 mutations and focal epilepsy associated with FCD were recruited and investigated at the clinical, neuroimaging, and histopathological levels. The DEPDC5 gene was sequenced from genomic blood and brain DNA.ResultsAll patients had drug-resistant focal epilepsy, 5 of them underwent surgery, and 1 had a brain biopsy. Electroclinical phenotypes were compatible with FCD II, although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was typical in only 4 cases. Histopathology confirmed FCD IIa in 2 patients (including 1 MRI-negative case) and showed FCD I in 2 other patients, and remained inconclusive in the last 2 patients. Three patients were seizure-free postsurgically, and 1 had a worthwhile improvement. Sequencing of blood DNA revealed truncating DEPDC5 mutations in all 4 families; 1 mutation was found to be mosaic in an asymptomatic father. A brain somatic DEPDC5 mutation was identified in 1 patient in addition to the germline mutation.InterpretationGermline, germline mosaic, and brain somatic DEPDC5 mutations may cause epilepsy associated with FCD, reinforcing the link between mTORC1 pathway and FCDs. Similarly to other mTORopathies, a “2-hit” mutational model could be responsible for cortical lesions. Our study also indicates that epilepsy surgery is a valuable alternative in the treatment of drug-resistant DEPDC5-positive focal epilepsies, even if the MRI is unremarkable
An integrated palaeoenvironmental investigation of a 6200 year old peat sequence from Ile de la Possession, Iles Crozet, sub-Antarctica

International audienceA 6200 year old peat sequence, cored in a volcanic crater on the sub-Antarctic Ile de la Possession (Iles Crozet), has been investigated, based on a multi-proxy approach. The methods applied are macrobotanical (mosses, seeds and fruits) and diatom analyses, complemented by geochemical (Rock-Eval6) and rock magnetic measurements. The chronology of the core is based on 5 radiocarbon dates. When combining all the proxy data the following changes could be inferred. From the onset of the peat formation (6200 cal yr BP) until ca. 5550 cal yr BP, biological production was high and climatic conditions must have been relatively warm. At ca. 5550 cal yr BP a shift to low biological production occurred, lasting until ca. 4600 cal yr BP. During this period the organic matter is well preserved, pointing to a cold and/or wet environment. At ca. 4600 cal yr BP, biological production increased again. From ca. 4600 cal yr BP until ca. 4100 cal yr BP a “hollow and hummock” micro topography developed at the peat surface, resulting in the presence of a mixture of wetter and drier species in the macrobotanical record. After ca. 4100 cal yr BP, the wet species disappear and a generally drier, acidic bog came into existence. A major shift in all the proxy data is observed at ca. 2800 cal yr BP, pointing to wetter and especially windier climatic conditions on the island probably caused by an intensification and/or latitudinal shift of the southern westerly belt. Caused by a stronger wind regime, erosion of the peat surface occurred at that time and a lake was formed in the peat deposits of the crater, which is still present today
Characterisation of Knee Brace Migration and Associated Skin Deformation During Flexion by Full-Field Measurements

International audienceFabric-based knee braces are widely used as orthotic devices to support and align the joint. Despite significant prescription, compliance with the treatment is often negatively affected by discomfort issues, in particular brace slippage and migration. Full-field measurements associated with digital image correlation were performed on 11 subjects to determine if the brace was able to follow skin deformation during knee flexion, which was suspected to be a primary slippage mechanism
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Genetic heterogeneity of bipolar disorder

International audienceBipolar disorder has a genetic component, but the mode of inheritance remains unclear. A previous genome scan conducted in 70 European families led to detect eight regions linked to bipolar disease. Here, we present an investigation of whether the phenotypic heterogeneity of the disorder corresponds to genetic heterogeneity in these regions using additional markers and an extended sample of families. The MLS statistic was used for linkage analyses. The predivided sample test and the maximum likelihood binomial methods were used to test genetic homogeneity between early-onset bipolar type I (cut-off of 22 years) and other types of the disorder (later onset of bipolar type I and early-onset bipolar type II), using a total of 138 independent bipolar-affected sib-pairs. Analysis of the extended sample of families supports linkage in four regions (2q14, 3p14, 16p23, and 20p12) of the eight regions of linkage suggested by our previous genome scan. Heterogeneity testing revealed genetic heterogeneity between early and late-onset bipolar type I in the 2q14 region (P = 0.0001). Only the early form of the bipolar disorder but not the late form appeared to be linked to this region. This region may therefore include a genetic factor either specifically involved in the early-onset bipolar type I or only influencing the age at onset (AAO). Our findings illustrate that stratification according to AAO may be valuable for the identification of genetic vulnerability polymorphisms. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Microscale adhesion patterns for the precise localization of amoeba

International audienceIn order to get a better understanding of amoeba-substrate interactions in the processes of cellular adhesion and directional movement, we engineered glass surfaces with defined local adhesion characteristics at a micrometric scale. Amoeba (Dictyostelium dicoideum) is capable to adhere to various surfaces independently of the presence of extracellular matrix proteins. This paper describes the strategy used to create selective adhesion motifs using an appropriate surface chemistry and shows the first results of locally confined amoeba adhesion. The approach is based on the natural ability of Dictyostelium to adhere to various types of surfaces (hydrophilic and hydrophobic) and on its inability to spread on inert surfaces, such as the block copolymer of polyethylene glycol and polypropylene oxide, named Pluronic. We screened diverse alkylsilanes, such as methoxy, chloro and fluoro silanes for their capacity to anchor Pluronic efficiently on a glass surface. Our results demonstrate that hexylmethyldichlorosilane (HMDCS) was the most appropriate silane for the deposition of Pluronic. A complex dependence between the physicochemistry of the silanes and the polyethylene glycol block copolymer deposition was observed. Using this method, we succeed in scaling down the micro-fabrication of pluronic-based adhesion motifs to the amoeb
Where does « Axial breakthrough » take place? In the past, or in present narratives of the past?

International audienceThis article focuses on Vernant " s thesis, masterfully developed in Les origines de la pensée grecque (1962) and translated into English in 1982. Vernant explained that between the 7th and the 2nd century BCE, one can note crucial modifications of the traditional and religious atmosphere, in civilizations as distant as China, India, Persia, Palestine and Greece. These turning points brought Confucianism, Buddhism, Zoroastrism, Prophetism, and, in Greece, Search for Truth. For historians, who claim their expertise on the past, methodological issues are at stake in this inquiry about an " axial age " or an " axial breakthrough ". First, there is the epistemological question of historiography, a present narrative of the past that cannot, from a scientific point of view – that of the historians –, erase varieties of past narratives (poetics, technical treatises, epigraphic decrees, vase paintings, etc.). Then, there is the new understanding of the constant interaction of what we call the political sphere with what we call the religious sphere, insofar as the distinction between a strictly political sphere, separate from the religious sphere, is now fully challenged. Finally, the polis as we understand it nowadays includes women " s acts, as feminist scholarship has demonstrated through the past 35 years. This new depiction makes the " citizens " different: they can no longer be thought of as all the same and interchangeable
Near-threshold fatigue propagation of physically through-thickness short and long cracks in a low alloy steel

International audienceIn this paper, the near-threshold fatigue behavior of physically through-thickness short cracks and of long cracks in a low alloy steel is investigated by experiments in ambient air. Physically through-thickness short fatigue cracks are created by gradually removing the plastic wake of long cracks in compact tension specimens. The crack closure is systematically measured using the compliance variation technique with numerical data acquisition and filtering for accurate detection of the stress intensity factor (SIF) at the crack opening. Based on the experimental results, the nominal threshold SIF range is shown to be dependent on the crack length and the characteristic of the crack wake which is strongly dependent on the loading history. The effective threshold SIF range and the relation between the crack propagation rate and the effective SIF range after the crack closure correction are shown to be independent on crack length and loading history. The shielding effect of the crack closure is shown to be related to the wake length and load history. The effective threshold SIF range and the relationship between the crack growth rate and the effective SIF range appear to be unique for this material in ambient air. These properties can be considered as specific fatigue properties of the couple material/ambient air environment