pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Doubling Up on Supersymmetry in the Higgs Sector

We explore the possibility that physics at the TeV scale possesses
approximate $N = 2$ supersymmetry, which is reduced to the $N=1$ minimal
supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) at the electroweak scale.
This doubling of supersymmetry modifies the Higgs sector of the theory, with
consequences for the masses, mixings and couplings of the MSSM Higgs bosons,
whose phenomenological consequences we explore in this paper. The mass of the
lightest neutral Higgs boson $h$ is independent of $\tan \beta$ at the tree
level, and the decoupling limit is realized whatever the values of the heavy
Higgs boson masses. Radiative corrections to the top quark and stop squarks
dominate over those due to particles in $N=2$ gauge multiplets. We assume that
these radiative corrections fix $m_h \simeq 125$ GeV, whatever the masses of
the other neutral Higgs bosons $H, A$, a scenario that we term the $h$2MSSM.
Since the $H, A$ bosons decouple from the $W$ and $Z$ bosons in the $h$2MSSM at
tree level, only the LHC constraints on $H, A$ and $H^\pm$ couplings to
fermions are applicable. These and the indirect constraints from LHC
measurements of $h$ couplings are consistent with $m_A \gtrsim 200$ GeV for
$\tan \beta \in (2, 8)$ in the $h$2MSSM.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figure
Black Hole Formation in AdS Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity

AdS spacetime has been shown numerically to be unstable against a large class
of arbitrarily small perturbations. In arXiv:1410.1869, the authors presented a
preliminary study of the effects on stability of changing the local dynamics by
adding a Gauss-Bonnet term to the Einstein action. Here we provide further
details as well as new results with improved numerical methods. In particular,
we elucidate new structure in Choptuik scaling plots. We also provide evidence
of chaotic behavior at the transition between immediate horizon formation and
horizon formation after the matter pulse reflects from the AdS conformal
boundary. Finally, we present data suggesting the formation of naked
singularities in spacetimes with ADM mass below the algebraic bound for black
hole formation.Comment: 26pp; v2 added references & minor comment
Evaluating the last missing ingredient for the three-loop quark static
  potential by differential equations

We analytically evaluate the three-loop Feynman integral which was the last
missing ingredient for the analytical evaluation of the three-loop quark static
potential. To evaluate the integral we introduce an auxiliary parameter $y$,
which corresponds to the residual energy in some of the HQET propagators. We
construct a differential system for 109 master integrals depending on $y$ and
fix boundary conditions from the asymptotic behaviour in the limit $y\to
\infty$. The original integral is recovered from the limit $y\to 0$. To solve
these linear differential equations we try to find an $\epsilon$-form of the
differential system. Though this step appears to be, strictly speaking, not
possible, we succeed to find an $\epsilon$-form of all irreducible diagonal
blocks, which is sufficient for solving the differential system in terms of an
$\epsilon$ expansion. We find a solution up to weight six in terms of multiple
polylogarithms and obtain an analytical result for the required three-loop
Feynman integral by taking the limit $y\to 0$. As a by-product, we obtain
analytical results for some Feynman integrals typical for HQET.Comment: 7 page
Bi-Local Fields in AdS${}_5$ Spacetime

Recently, the bi-local fields attract the interest in studying the duality
between $O(N)$ vector model and a higher-spin gauge theory in AdS spacetime. In
those theories, the bi-local fields are realized as collective one's of the
$O(N)$ vector fields, which are the source of higher-spin bulk fields.
Historically, the bi-local fields are introduced as a candidate of non-local
fields by Yukawa. Today, Yukawa's bi-local fields are understood from a
viewpoint of relativistic two-particle bound systems, the bi-local systems. We
study the relation between the bi-local collective fields out of higher-spin
bulk fields and the fields out of the bi-local systems embedded in AdS${}_5$
spacetime with warped metric. It is shown that the effective spring constant of
the bi-local system depends on the brane, on which the bi-local system is
located. In particular, a bi-local system with vanishing spring constant, which
is similar to the bi-local collective fields, can be realized on a low-energy
IR brane.Comment: 19pages,5 figure
Locality, bulk equations of motion and the conformal bootstrap

We develop an approach to construct local bulk operators in a CFT to order
$1/N^2$. Since 4-point functions are not fixed by conformal invariance we use
the OPE to categorize possible forms for a bulk operator. Using previous
results on 3-point functions we construct a local bulk operator in each OPE
channel. We then impose the condition that the bulk operators constructed in
different channels agree, and hence give rise to a well-defined bulk operator.
We refer to this condition as the "bulk bootstrap." We argue and explicitly
show in some examples that the bulk bootstrap leads to some of the same results
as the regular conformal bootstrap. In fact the bulk bootstrap provides an
easier way to determine some CFT data, since it does not require knowing the
form of the conformal blocks. This analysis clarifies previous results on the
relation between bulk locality and the bootstrap for theories with a $1/N$
expansion, and it identifies a simple and direct way in which OPE coefficients
and anomalous dimensions determine the bulk equations of motion to order
$1/N^2$.Comment: 37 pages, LaTeX. v2: added references and comments on OPE
  convergence, version to appear in JHE
A Model for Pseudo-Dirac Neutrinos: Leptogenesis and Ultra-High Energy
  Neutrinos

We propose a model where sterile neutrinos are introduced to make light
neutrinos to be pseudo-Dirac particles. It is shown how tiny mass splitting
necessary for realizing pseudo-Dirac neutrinos can be achieved. Within the
model, we show how leptogenesis can be successfully generated. Motivated by the
recent observation of very high energy neutrino events at IceCube, we study a
possibility to observe the effects of the pseudo-Dirac property of neutrinos by
performing astronomical-scale baseline experiments to uncover the oscillation
effects of very tiny mass splitting. Using the result of global fit to neutrino
data for the input of neutrino mixing angles and CP phase at $1\sigma$ C.L. and
fixing neutrino energy and mass splittings, we study how the oscillation
effects induced by pseudo-Dirac neutrinos may affect the track-to-shower ratio
obtained from IceCube data. We also discuss future prospect to observe the
effects of the pseudo-Dirac property of neutrinos at high energy neutrino
experiments.Comment: the version to be published in JHEP (2016), 23 pages, 13 figures,
  references and 8 figures adde
Closed flux tubes in D=2+1 SU(N) gauge theories: dynamics and effective
  string description

We extend our earlier calculations of the spectrum of closed flux tubes in
SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions, with a focus on questions raised by
recent theoretical progress on the effective string action of long flux tubes
and the world-sheet action for flux tubes of moderate lengths. Our new
calculations in SU(4) and SU(8) provide evidence that the leading O(1/l^gamma)
non-universal correction to the flux tube ground state energy does indeed have
a power gamma greater than or equal to 7. We perform a study in SU(2), where we
can traverse the length at which the Nambu-Goto ground state becomes tachyonic,
to obtain an all-N view of the spectrum. Our comparison of the k=2 flux tube
excitation energies in SU(4) and SU(6) suggests that the massive world sheet
excitation associated with the k=2 binding has a scale that knows about the
group and hence the theory in the bulk, and we comment on the potential
implications of world sheet massive modes for the bulk spectrum. We provide a
quantitative analysis of the surprising (near-)orthogonality of flux tubes
carrying flux in different SU(N) representations, which implies that their
screening by gluons is highly suppressed even at small N.Comment: 72 pages, including 42 figure
Indirect probes of the trilinear Higgs coupling: $gg \to h$ and $h \to
  \gamma \gamma$

In the framework of the Standard Model effective field theory, we examine the
indirect constraints on the trilinear Higgs coupling $\lambda$ that arise from
Higgs production in gluon-gluon-fusion and diphoton Higgs decays. We calculate
2-loop contributions to the $gg \to h$ and $h \to \gamma \gamma$ amplitudes
that are affected by modifications of the trilinear Higgs-boson vertex. This
calculation involves both the computation of anomalous dimensions and finite
matching corrections. Based on our new results, we analyse the sensitivity of
present and future measurements of the $hgg$ and $h \gamma \gamma$ couplings to
shifts in $\lambda$. Under the assumption that $O_6 = - \lambda \left
(H^\dagger H \right )^3$ is the only dimension-6 operator that alters the
trilinear Higgs interactions, we find that at present the considered loop-level
probes provide stronger constraints than $pp \to 2h$. At future high-energy
colliders indirect ${\cal O} (5)$ determinations of the trilinear Higgs
coupling may be possible, making precision measurements of $gg \to h$ and $h
\to \gamma \gamma$ a useful addition to direct extractions of $\lambda$ through
double-Higgs production.Comment: 17 pages, 5 figure
Holography for $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ on $S^4$

We construct the five-dimensional supergravity dual of the $\mathcal{N}=1^*$
mass deformation of the $\mathcal{N} =4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on
$S^4$ and use it to calculate the universal contribution to the corresponding
$S^4$ free energy at large 't Hooft coupling in the planar limit. The
holographic RG flow solutions are smooth and preserve four supercharges. As a
novel feature compared to the holographic duals of $\mathcal{N} = 1^*$ on
$\mathbb{R}^4$, in our backgrounds the five-dimensional dilaton has a
non-trivial profile, and the gaugino condensate is fixed in terms of the
mass-deformation parameters. Important aspects of the analysis involve
characterizing the ambiguities in the partition function of non-conformal
$\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric theories on $S^4$ as well as the action of
S-duality on the $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ theory.Comment: 40 pages + appendices, 4 figure
Superconformal Symmetry in the Kaluza-Klein Spectrum of Warped AdS(3)

We study the Kaluza-Klein spectrum of warped $AdS_3$ compactifications of
type IIB with five-form flux which are dual to $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ SCFTs in two
dimensions. We prove that the spectra of fluctuations of both the spin 2 sector
of the graviton and the axio-dilaton are bounded. At the bound the modes have
the correct quantum numbers to be chiral primaries and descendants thereof
respectively. Moreover, we prove that the same modes give rise to superpartners
in the dilatino spectrum. Our results show that a subset of the mesonic chiral
ring of the dual SCFT is isomorphic to the first Kohn-Rossi cohomology groups.
As an example, we consider the compactification of four-dimensional $Y^{p,q}$
theories on Riemann surfaces for the case of the universal twist. We conclude
by studying fluctuations of the three-form, where we are able to identify Betti
multiplets after imposing some mild assumptions.Comment: 20 pages plus appendices, published version (revised some of the
  results of section 3.2.2 and added minor clarifications in the text
Convexity, gauge-dependence and tunneling rates

We clarify issues of convexity, gauge-dependence and radiative corrections in
relation to tunneling rates. Despite the gauge dependence of the effective
action at zero and finite temperature, it is shown that tunneling and
nucleation rates remain independent of the choice of gauge-fixing. Taking as a
starting point the functional that defines the transition amplitude from a
false vacuum onto itself, it is shown that decay rates are exactly determined
by a non-convex, false vacuum effective action evaluated at an extremum. The
latter can be viewed as a generalized bounce configuration, and
gauge-independence follows from the appropriate Nielsen identities. This holds
for any election of gauge-fixing that leads to an invertible Faddeev-Popov
matrix.Comment: 26 pages. v2. Improved discussion addressing issues of convexity, and
  distinguishing between false and true vacuum functionals. v3. Published
  version. Structured into sections, expanded discussion on Jacobia
The LPM effect in sequential bremsstrahlung: dimensional regularization

The splitting processes of bremsstrahlung and pair production in a medium are
coherent over large distances in the very high energy limit, which leads to a
suppression known as the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) effect. Of recent
interest is the case when the coherence lengths of two consecutive splitting
processes overlap (which is important for understanding corrections to standard
treatments of the LPM effect in QCD). In previous papers, we have developed
methods for computing such corrections without making soft-gluon
approximations. However, our methods require consistent treatment of canceling
ultraviolet (UV) divergences associated with coincident emission times, even
for processes with tree-level amplitudes. In this paper, we show how to use
dimensional regularization to properly handle the UV contributions. We also
present a simple diagnostic test that any consistent UV regularization method
for this problem needs to pass.Comment: 59 pages, 8 figures [main change from v1: addition of the new
  appendix B summarizing more about use of the i*epsilon prescription in
  earlier work
Mirage in Temporal Correlation functions for Baryon-Baryon Interactions
  in Lattice QCD

Single state saturation of the temporal correlation function is a key
condition to extract physical observables such as energies and matrix elements
of hadrons from lattice QCD simulations. A method commonly employed to check
the saturation is to seek for a plateau of the observables for large Euclidean
time. Identifying the plateau in the cases having nearby states, however, is
non-trivial and one may even be misled by a fake plateau. Such a situation
takes place typically for the system with two or more baryons. In this study,
we demonstrate explicitly the danger from a possible fake plateau in the
temporal correlation functions mainly for two baryons ($\Xi\Xi$ and $NN$), and
three and four baryons ($^3{\rm He}$ and $^4{\rm He})$ as well, employing
(2+1)-flavor lattice QCD at $m_{\pi}=0.51$ GeV on four lattice volumes with
$L=$ 2.9, 3.6, 4.3 and 5.8 fm. Caution is given for drawing conclusion on the
bound $NN$, $3N$ and $4N$ systems only based on the temporal correlation
functions.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures, minor corrections, published version, typos
  correcte
Confinement/deconfinement transition from symmetry breaking in
  gauge/gravity duality

We study the confinement/deconfinement transition in a strongly coupled
system triggered by an independent symmetry-breaking quantum phase transition
in gauge/gravity duality. The gravity dual is an Einstein-scalar-dilaton system
with AdS near-boundary behavior and soft wall interior at zero scalar
condensate. We study the cases of neutral and charged condensate separately. In
the former case the condensation breaks the discrete $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry
while a charged condensate breaks the continuous $U(1)$ symmetry. After the
condensation of the order parameter, the non-zero vacuum expectation value of
the scalar couples to the dilaton, changing the soft wall geometry into a
non-confining and anisotropically scale-invariant infrared metric. In other
words, the formation of long-range order is immediately followed by the
deconfinement transition and the two critical points coincide. The confined
phase has a scale -- the confinement scale (energy gap) which vanishes in the
deconfined case. Therefore, the breaking of the symmetry of the scalar
($\mathbb{Z}_2$ or $U(1)$) in turn restores the scaling symmetry in the system
and neither phase has a higher overall symmetry than the other. When the scalar
is charged the phase transition is continuous which goes against the
Ginzburg-Landau theory where such transitions generically only occur
discontinuously. This phenomenon has some commonalities with the scenario of
deconfined criticality. The mechanism we have found has applications mainly in
effective field theories such as quantum magnetic systems. We briefly discuss
these applications and the relation to real-world systems.Comment: 48 pages, 12 figures; this version: corrected and more detailed
  discussion on fractionalization, other minor improvements, added journal
  referenc
Late-time Structure of the Bunch-Davies FRW Wavefunction

In this short note we organize a perturbation theory for the Bunch-Davies
wavefunction in flat, accelerating cosmologies. The calculational technique
avoids the in-in formalism and instead uses an analytic continuation from
Euclidean signature. We will consider both massless and conformally coupled
self-interacting scalars. These calculations explicitly illustrate two facts.
The first is that IR divergences get sharper as the acceleration slows. The
second is that UV-divergent contact terms in the Euclidean computation can
contribute to the absolute value of the wavefunction in Lorentzian signature.
Here UV divergent refers to terms involving inverse powers of the radial cutoff
in the Euclidean computation. In Lorentzian signature such terms encode
physical time dependence of the wavefunction.Comment: 15 pages + appendice
Holographic Reconstruction of 3D Flat Space-Time

We study asymptotically flat space-times in 3 dimensions for Einstein gravity
near future null infinity and show that the boundary is described by Carrollian
geometry. This is used to add sources to the BMS gauge corresponding to a
non-trivial boundary metric in the sense of Carrollian geometry. We then solve
the Einstein equations in a derivative expansion and derive a general set of
equations that take the form of Ward identities. Next, it is shown that there
is a well-posed variational problem at future null infinity without the need to
add any boundary term. By varying the on-shell action with respect to the
metric data of the boundary Carrollian geometry we are able to define a
boundary energy-momentum tensor at future null infinity. We show that its
diffeomorphism Ward identity is compatible with Einstein's equations. There is
another Ward identity that states that the energy flux vanishes. It is this
fact that is responsible for the enhancement of global symmetries to the full
BMS$_3$ algebra when we are dealing with constant boundary sources. Using a
notion of generalized conformal boundary Killing vector we can construct all
conserved BMS$_3$ currents from the boundary energy-momentum tensor.Comment: v3: clarifications added, matches published versio
Multiple Fibrations in Calabi-Yau Geometry and String Dualities

In this work we explore the physics associated to Calabi-Yau (CY) n-folds
that can be described as a fibration in more than one way. Beginning with
F-theory vacua in various dimensions, we consider limits/dualities with
M-theory, type IIA, and heterotic string theories. Our results include many
M-/F-theory correspondences in which distinct F-theory vacua - associated to
different elliptic fibrations of the same CY n-fold - give rise to the same
M-theory limit in one dimension lower. Examples include 5-dimensional
correspondences between 6-dimensional theories with Abelian, non-Abelian and
superconformal structure, as well as examples of higher rank Mordell-Weil
geometries. In addition, in the context of heterotic/F-theory duality, we
investigate the role played by multiple K3- and elliptic fibrations in known
and novel string dualities in 8-, 6- and 4-dimensional theories. Here we
systematically summarize nested fibration structures and comment on the roles
they play in T-duality, mirror symmetry, and 4-dimensional compactifications of
F-theory with G-flux. This investigation of duality structures is made possible
by geometric tools developed in a companion paper [1].Comment: 55 pages, 9 figures, 2 table
Charged Lepton Flavor Violating Processes and Scalar Leptoquark Decay
  Branching Ratios in the Colored Zee-Babu Model

We consider a neutrino mass generating model which employs a scalar
leptoquark, $\Delta$, and a scalar diquark, $S$. The new scalars $\Delta$ and
$S$ carry the standard model $SU(3)_c\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ quantum
numbers $(3,1,-1/3)$ and $(6,1,-2/3)$, respectively. The neutrino masses are
generated at the two-loop level, as in the Zee-Babu model\cite{Zee-Babu}, and
$\Delta/S$ plays the role of the doubly/singly charged scalar in the Zee-Babu
model. With a moderate working assumption that the magnitudes of the six Yukawa
couplings between $S$ and the down-type quarks are of the same order, strong
connections are found between the neutrino masses and the charged lepton flavor
violating processes. In particular, we study $Z\rightarrow \overline{l} l'$,
and $l\rightarrow l' \gamma$ and find that some portions of the parameter space
of this model are within the reach of the planned charged lepton flavor
violating experiments. Interesting lower bounds are predicted that
$B(Z\rightarrow \overline{l} l')\gtrsim
10^{-16}-10^{-14}(10^{-14})\times(1\mbox{TeV}\cdot m_S/7 m_\Delta^2)^2$ and
$B(l\rightarrow l' \gamma)\gtrsim 10^{-17}-10^{-16}(10^{-18}-10^{-16})\times(1
\mbox{TeV}\cdot m_S/7 m_\Delta^2)^2$ for neutrino masses being the
normal(inverted) hierarchical pattern. The type of neutrino mass hierarchy
could also be determined by measuring the charged lepton flavor violating
double ratios. Moreover, definite leptoquark decay branching ratios are
predicted when there is no Yukawa interaction between the right-handed fermions
and $\Delta$ ( the branching fraction of $\Delta$ to a charged lepton and a
quark is 50\%), which could help refine the collider search limit on the scalar
leptoquark mass.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, publication versio
State-Dependent Divergences in the Entanglement Entropy

We show the entanglement entropy in certain quantum field theories to contain
state-dependent divergences. Both perturbative and holographic examples are
exhibited. However, quantities such as the relative entropy and the generalized
entropy of black holes remain finite, due to cancellation of divergences. We
classify all possible state-dependent divergences that can appear in both
perturbatively renormalizeable and holographic covariant $d\le 6$ quantum field
theories.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur
Holographic Description of 2D Conformal Block in Semi-classical Limit

In this paper, we study the holographic descriptions of the conformal block
of heavy operators in two-dimensional large c conformal field theory. We
consider the case that the operators are pairwise inserted such that the
distance between the operators in a pair is much smaller than the others. In
this case, each pair of heavy operators creates a conical defect in the bulk.
We propose that the conformal block is dual to the on-shell action of three
dimensional geometry with conical defects in the semi-classical limit. We show
that the variation of the on-shell action with respect to the conical angle is
equal to the length of the corresponding conical defect. We derive this
differential relation on the conformal block in the field theory by introducing
two extra light operators as both the probe and the perturbation. Our study
also suggests that the area law of the holographic Renyi entropy must holds for
a large class of states generated by a finite number of heavy operators
insertion.Comment: 29 pages, 2 figures; more discussio