pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Worst-case optimal investment with a random number of crashes

We study a portfolio optimization problem in a market which is under the threat of crashes. At random times, the investor receives a warning that a crash in the risky asset might occur. We construct a strategy which renders the investor indifferent about an immediate crash of maximum size and no crash at all. We then verify that this strategy outperforms every other trading strategy using a direct comparison approach. We conclude with numerical examples and calculating the costs of hedging against crashes
EGIA–evolutionary optimisation of gene regulatory networks, an integrative approach

Quantitative modelling of gene regulatory networks (GRNs)\ud
is still limited by data issues such as noise and the restricted length of available time series, creating an under-determination problem. However, large amounts of other types of biological data and knowledge are available, such as knockout experiments, annotations and so on, and it\ud
has been postulated that integration of these can improve model quality. However, integration has not been fully explored, to date. Here, we present a novel integrative framework for different types of data that aims\ud
to enhance model inference. This is based on evolutionary computation and uses different types of knowledge to introduce a novel customised initialisation and mutation operator and complex evaluation criteria, used\ud
to distinguish between candidate models. Specifically, the algorithm uses information from (i) knockout experiments, (ii) annotations of transcription factors, (iii) binding site motifs (expressed as position weight matrices) and (iv) DNA sequence of gene promoters, to drive the algorithm\ud
towards more plausible network structures. Further, the evaluation basis is also extended to include structure information included in these additional data. This framework is applied to both synthetic and real\ud
gene expression data. Models obtained by data integration display both quantitative and qualitative improvement
Storage stability of SBS/sulfur modified bitumens at high temperature: influence of bitumen composition and structure

Polymer modified bitumens, PMBs, are usually prepared at high temperature and subsequently stored for a period of time, also at high temperature. The stability of PMBs, in these conditions, has a decisive influence in order to obtain the adequate performances for practical applications. In this article the attention is focused in the analysis of the factors that determine the stability of styrene–butadiene–styrene copolymer (SBS)/sulfur modified bitumens when the mixtures are maintained at high temperature. Bitumens from different crude oil sources were used to prepare SBS/sulfur modified bitumens. Changes in the values of viscosity, softening point, as well as in the morphology of PMB samples, stored at 160 °C, were related to the bitumen chemical composition and to the amount of asphaltene micelles present in the neat bitumen used in their preparation\ud
\ud
El trabajo se centra en el estudio de la influencia de la estructura /composición del betún sobre la compatibilidad del sistema betún/SBS. Cuatro betunes provenientes de dos crudos distintos se seleccionaron y sus mezclas se utilizaron para preparar betunes modificados con contenidos de SBS del 3% en pes
Flavours in global Klebanov-Witten background

We probe flavour branes in the Klebanov-Witten background in global coordinates. We show that supersymmetric probes correspond to massless flavours and analyse their spectrum of fluctuations. Our studies suggest that the mesons are dissociated by the Casimir energy. The spectrum is equidistant, with a ground state given by the conformal dimension of the operator dual to the fluctuations. We show that the equidistant structure of the spectrum arises from the addition of the angular momenta of the fundamental fields composing the meson operators
The most general second-order field equations of bi-scalar-tensor theory in four dimensions

The Horndeski theory is known as the most general scalar-tensor theory with second-order field equations. In this paper, we explore the bi-scalar extension of the Horndeski theory. Following Horndeski’s approach, we determine all the possible terms appearing in the second-order field equations of the bi-scalar-tensor theory. We compare the field equations with those of the generalized multi-Galileons, and confirm that our theory contains new terms that are not included in the latter theory. We also discuss the construction of the Lagrangian leading to our most general field equations
Towards holographic higher-spin interactions: four-point functions and higher-spin exchange

Within holography, we calculate the contribution of an arbitrary spin- s gauge boson exchange in AdS d +1 to the four-point function with scalar operators on the boundary. As an important ingredient, we first compute the complete bulk-to-bulk propagators for massless bosonic higher-spin fields in the metric-like formulation, in any dimension and in various gauges. The split representation of the bulk-to-bulk propagators in terms of bulk-to-boundary propagators allows to present the higher-spin exchange diagram in the form of a conformal partial wave expansion. Our results provide a step towards the larger goal of the holographic reconstruction of bulk interactions, and of clarifying bulk locality
Rights to the forest, REDD+ and elections: mining in Guyana

This paper examines the impact of electoral cycles and the introduction of Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD+) policy upon the holding of small-scale mining property rights in Guyana. Mining is both the major cause of deforestation and the main economic activity in the country. A simple model of the incentives to hold mining property rights is developed and tested using a unique data-set of small-scale mining property rights data. Econometric techniques are used to test the findings of the model, concluding that the number of mining rights issued fall after election years, with the number rescinded rising. The introduction of REDD+ in Guyana also seems to have increased the number of mining claims being relinquished, and reduce the number being issued. The findings highlight the importance of political economy events in the evolution of small-scale mining activity, and show some evidence that the introduction of a REDD+ framework in Guyana has impacted the main driver of deforestation, despite the absence of specific policy targeting the sector
Numerical simulation of pressure-driven displacement of a viscoplastic material by a Newtonian fluid using the lattice Boltzmann method

The pressure-driven displacement of a non-Newtonian fluid by a Newtonian fluid in a two-dimensional channel is investigated via a multiphase lattice Boltzmann method using a non-ideal gas equation of state well-suited for two incompressible fluids. The code has been validated by comparing the results obtained using different regularized models, proposed in the literature, to model the viscoplasticity of the displaced material. Then, the effects of the Bingham number, which characterizes the behaviour of the yield-stress of the fluid and the flow index, which reflects the shear-thinning/thickening tendency of the fluid, are studied. It was found that increasing the Bingham number and increasing the flow index increases the size of the unyielded region of the fluid in the downstream portion of the channel and increases the thickness of the residual layer of the fluid resident initially in the channel; the latter is left behind on the channel walls by the propagating 'finger' of the displacing fluid. This, in turn, reduces the growth rate of interfacial instabilities and the speed of finger propagation
Symmetry-protected topological order and negative-sign problem for SO(N) bilinear-biquadratic chains

Using a generalized Jordan-Wigner transformation combined with the defining representation of the SO(N) spin, we map the SO(N) bilinear-biquadratic (BLBQ) spin chain into the N-color bosonic particle model. We find that, when the Jordan-Wigner transformation disentangles the symmetry-protected topological entanglement, this bosonic model becomes negative-sign-free in the context of quantum Monte Carlo simulation. For the SO(3) case, moreover, the Kennedy-Tasaki transformation for the S=1 BLBQ chain, which is also a topological disentangler, derives the same bosonic model through the dimer-R bases. We present the temperature dependence of the energy, entropy, and string order parameter for the SO(N=3, 4, 5) BLBQ chains by a world-line Monte Carlo simulation for the N-color bosonic particle model
Flow cytometry for the assessment of animal sperm integrity and functionality: state of the art

Flow cytometry is now a recognized methodology within animal spermatology, and has moved from being a research tool to become routine in the assessment of animal semen destined to breeding. The availability of bench-top flow cytometers and of newer and versatile markers for cell structure and function had allowed the instrumentation to measure more sperm parameters, from viability to reactiveness when exposed to exogenous stimuli, and to increase our capabilities to sort spermatozoa for potential fertilizing capacity, or chromosomal sex. The present review summarizes the state of the art regarding flow cytometry applied to animal andrology, albeit keeping an open comparative intent. It critically evaluates the present and future capabilities of flow cytometry for the diagnostics of potential fertility and for the development of current reproductive technologies such as sperm freezing, sperm selection and sperm sorting. The flow cytometry methods will probably further revolutionize our understanding of the sperm physiology and their functionality, and will undoubtedly extend its application in isolating many uncharacterized features of spermatozoa. However, continuous follow-up of the methods is a necessity owing to technical developments and the complexity of mapping spermatozoa.<p>This is the authors’ version of the following article: Md Sharoare Hossain, Anders Johannisson, Margareta Wallgren, Szabolcs Nagy, Amanda Pimenta Siqueira and Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez, Flow cytometry for the assessment of animal sperm integrity and functionality: state of the art, 2011, ASIAN JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY, (13), 3, 406-419. which has been published in final form at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/aja.2011.15 Copyright: Blackwell Publishing Ltd http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/Brand/id-35.html</p
Consistently faster and smaller compressed bitmaps with Roaring

Compressed bitmap indexes are used in databases and search engines. Many
bitmap compression techniques have been proposed, almost all relying primarily
on run-length encoding (RLE). However, on unsorted data, we can get superior
performance with a hybrid compression technique that uses both uncompressed
bitmaps and packed arrays inside a two-level tree. An instance of this
technique, Roaring, has recently been proposed. Due to its good performance, it
has been adopted by several production platforms (e.g., Apache Lucene, Apache
Spark, Apache Kylin and Druid).
  Yet there are cases where run-length encoded bitmaps are smaller than the
original Roaring bitmaps---typically when the data is sorted so that the
bitmaps contain long compressible runs. To better handle these cases, we build
a new Roaring hybrid that combines uncompressed bitmaps, packed arrays and RLE
compressed segments. The result is a new Roaring format that compresses better.
  Overall, our new implementation of Roaring can be several times faster (up to
two orders of magnitude) than the implementations of traditional RLE-based
alternatives (WAH, Concise, EWAH) while compressing better. We review the
design choices and optimizations that make these good results possible
Prediction of Springback After Draw‐Bending Test Using Different Material Models

Within the framework of sheet metal forming, the importance of hardening models for springback predictions has been often emphasized. While some specific applications require very accurate models, in many common situations simpler (isotropic hardening) models may be sufficient. In these conditions, investigation of the impact of hardening models requires well defined test configurations and accurate measurements to generate the reference data. Specific draw-bend tests have been especially conceived for this purpose. In this work, such a draw-bending experimental device has been designed, for use on a biaxial tension machine. Three different steel sheets have been tested (one mild steel sheet and two HSS sheets) with thicknesses between 0.8 and 2 mm. Up to three different back-force levels were used for the tests. Wall curvatures and springback angles were measured. Finite element simulations of the tests were performed. A parameter sensitivity analysis has been carried out in order to determine the numerical parameters ensuring accurate springback results. The tests were simulated using an isotropic hardening model and a combined isotropic-kinematic hardening model. The impact of the hardening model is explored for the various test configurations and conclusions are drawn concerning their relative importance.ANR Forme
From thorium phosphate hydrogenphosphate hydrate to $\beta$-thorium phosphate diphosphate: Structural evolution to a radwaste storage ceramic

$\beta$-Thorium phosphate diphosphate ($\beta$-TPD), considered as a very promising radwaste storage material, was obtained from thorium phosphate hydrogenphosphate hydrate (TPHPH) precursor through dehydration and hydrogen phosphate condensation. The structures of TPHPH, intermediate $\alpha$-thorium phosphate diphosphate ($\alpha$-TPD) and its hydrate ($\alpha$-TPDH) have been resolved ab initio by Rietveld analysis of their synchrotron diffraction patterns. All were found orthorhombic (space group Cmcm) and similarly composed of [ThPO$_4$]$_4^{4+}$ slabs alternating with disordered layers hosting either [HPO$_4$·H$_2$O]$_2^{4-}$ (TPHPH), [P$_2$O$_7$·2H$_2$O]$^{4-} ($\alpha$-TPDH), or [P$_2O_7$]$^{4-}$ ($\alpha$-TPD), unlike the 3D structure of $\beta$-TPD. The diphosphate groups of $\alpha$-TPD and $\alpha$-TPDH are strongly bent. The irreversible transition to the final $\beta$-TPD consists in a shearing of the slabs and a reduction of the interslabs cavities that explains the stability of this high-temperature form
The oncolytic peptide LTX-315 triggers immunogenic cell death

International audienceLTX-315 is a cationic amphilytic peptide that preferentially permeabilizes mitochondrial membranes, thereby causing partially BAX/BAK1-regulated, caspase-independent necrosis. Based on the observation that intratumorally injected LTX-315 stimulates a strong T lymphocyte-mediated anticancer immune response, we investigated whether LTX-315 may elicit the hallmarks of immunogenic cell death (ICD), namely (i) exposure of calreticulin on the plasma membrane surface, (ii) release of ATP into the extracellular space, (iii) exodus of HMGB1 from the nucleus, and (iv) induction of a type-1 interferon response. Using a panel of biosensor cell lines and robotized fluorescence microscopy coupled to automatic image analysis, we observed that LTX-315 induces all known ICD characteristics. This conclusion was validated by several independent methods including immunofluorescence stainings (for calreticulin), bioluminescence assays (for ATP), immunoassays (for HMGB1), and RT-PCRs (for type-1 interferon induction). When injected into established cancers, LTX-315 caused a transiently hemorrhagic focal necrosis that was accompanied by massive release of HMGB1 (from close-to-all cancer cells), as well as caspase-3 activation in a fraction of the cells. LTX-315 was at least as efficient as the positive control, the anthracycline mitoxantrone (MTX), in inducing local inflammation with infiltration by myeloid cells and T lymphocytes. Collectively, these results support the idea that LTX-315 can induce ICD, hence explaining its capacity to mediate immune-dependent therapeutic effects
Condensation and thermalization of classsical optical waves in a waveguide

International audienceWe consider the long-term evolution of a random nonlinear wave that propagates in a multimode optical waveguide. The optical wave exhibits a thermalization process characterized by an irreversible evolution toward an equilibrium state. The tails of the equilibrium distribution satisfy the property of energy equipartition among the modes of the waveguide. As a consequence of this thermalization, the optical field undergoes a process of classical wave condensation, which is characterized by a macroscopic occupation of the fundamental mode of the waveguide. Considering the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a confining potential, we formulate a wave turbulence description of the random wave into the basis of the eigenmodes of the waveguide. The condensate amplitude is calculated analytically as a function of the wave energy, and it is found in quantitative agreement with the numerical simulations. The analysis reveals that the waveguide configuration introduces an effective physical frequency cutoff, which regularizes the ultraviolet catastrophe inherent to the ensemble of classical nonlinear waves. The numerical simulations have been performed in the framework of a readily accessible nonlinear fiber optics experiment
Circular choosability

International audienceWe study circular choosability, a notion recently introduced by Mohar and by Zhu. First, we provide a negative answer to a question of Zhu about circular cliques. We next prove that cch(G) = O(ch(G) + ln |V(G)|) for every graph G. We investigate a generalisation of circular choosability, the circular f-choosability, where f is a function of the degrees. We also consider the circular choice number of planar graphs. Mohar asked for the value of τ := sup {cch(G) : G is planar}, and we prove that 6<τ>8, thereby providing a negative answer to another question of Mohar. We also study the circular choice number of planar and outerplanar graphs with prescribed girth, and graphs with bounded density
The left inferior frontal gyrus under focus: an fMRI study of the production of deixis via syntactic extraction and prosodic focus
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An fMRI study of the production of deixis

International audienceThe left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG, BA 44, 45, 47) has been associated with linguistic processing (from sentence- to syllable- parsing) as well as action analysis. We hypothesize that the function of the LIFG may be the monitoring of action, a function well adapted to agent deixis (verbal pointing at the agent of an action). The aim of this fMRI study was therefore to test the hypothesis that the LIFG is involved during the production of agent deixis. We performed an experiment whereby three kinds of deictic sentences were pronounced, involving prosodic focus, syntactic extraction and prosodic focus with syntactic extraction. A common pattern of activation was found for the three deixis conditions in the LIFG (BA 45 and/or 47), the left insula and the bilateral premotor (BA 6) cortex. Prosodic deixis additionally activated the left anterior cingulate gyrus (BA 24, 32), the left supramarginal gyrus (LSMG, BA 40) and Wernicke's area (BA 22). Our results suggest that the LIFG is involved during agent deixis, through either prosody or syntax, and that the LSMG and Wernicke's area are additionally required in prosody-driven deixis. Once grammaticalized, deixis would be handled solely by the LIFG, without the LSMG and Wernicke's area
Two norms for innovation in outdoor sports: technical and social innovation

International audienceTechnical innovation is not separated from the social so much, but it is difficult to mix the two types of innovation. It is possible to arrange innovations along a continuum where, at one pole, social innovations are conditioned by technical innovations and, at the other, social innovations are first and autonomous. Social innovations (way of living together activities), in climbing or in diving, have been conditioned by the technical innovations of safety equipment. Social innovation, in this case, is consistent with the increased use of technology. But, social innovations can be more independent from technical innovations (adventure parks do not add new technologies to the equipment used in the army, but the ways of living together are different). Users become central in social innovation in outdoor sports. Involvement of the players is an essential condition for successful innovation
Downregulation of ceramide synthase-6 during epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition reduces plasma membrane fluidity and cancer cell motility

International audienceEpithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) promotes cell motility, which is important for the metastasis of malignant cells, and blocks CD95-mediated apoptotic signaling triggered by immune cells and chemotherapeutic regimens. CD95L, the cognate ligand of CD95, can be cleaved by metalloproteases and released as a soluble molecule (cl-CD95L). Unlike transmembrane CD95L, cl-CD95L does not induce apoptosis but triggers cell motility. Electron paramagnetic resonance was used to show that EMT and cl-CD95L treatment both led to augmentation of plasma membrane fluidity that was instrumental in inducing cell migration. Compaction of the plasma membrane is modulated, among other factors, by the ratio of certain lipids such as sphingolipids in the membrane. An integrative analysis of gene expression in NCI tumor cell lines revealed that expression of ceramide synthase-6 (CerS6) decreased during EMT. Furthermore, pharmacological and genetic approaches established that modulation of CerS6 expression/activity in cancer cells altered the level of C16-ceramide, which in turn influenced plasma membrane fluidity and cell motility. Therefore, this study identifies CerS6 as a novel EMT-regulated gene that has a pivotal role in the regulation of cell migration.Oncogene advance online publication, 17 March 2014; doi:10.1038/onc.2014.55