pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Radiation-induced CD8 T-lymphocyte Apoptosis as a Predictor of Breast Fibrosis After Radiotherapy: Results of the Prospective Multicenter French Trial

AbstractBackgroundMonocentric cohorts suggested that radiation-induced CD8 T-lymphocyte apoptosis (RILA) can predict late toxicity after curative intent radiotherapy (RT). We assessed the role of RILA as a predictor of breast fibrosis (bf+) after adjuvant breast RT in a prospective multicenter trial.MethodsA total of 502 breast-cancer patients (pts) treated by conservative surgery and adjuvant RT were recruited at ten centers. RILA was assessed before RT by flow cytometry. Impact of RILA on bf+ (primary endpoint) or relapse was assessed using a competing risk method. Receiver–operator characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were also performed in intention to treat. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00893035 and final analyses are presented here.FindingsFour hundred and fifty-six pts (90.8%) were included in the final analysis. One hundred and eight pts (23.7%) received whole breast and node irradiation. A boost dose of 10–16Gy was delivered in 449 pts (98.5%). Adjuvant hormonotherapy was administered to 349 pts (76.5%). With a median follow-up of 38.6months, grade ≥2 bf+ was observed in 64 pts (14%). A decreased incidence of grade ≥2 bf+ was observed for increasing values of RILA (p=0.012). No grade 3 bf+ was observed for patients with RILA ≥12%. The area under the ROC curve was 0.62. For cut-off values of RILA ≥20% and <12%, sensitivity and specificity were 80% and 34%, 56% and 67%, respectively. Negative predictive value for grade ≥2 bf+ was equal to 91% for RILA ≥20% and positive predictive value was equal to 22% for RILA <12% where the overall prevalence of grade ≥2 bf+ was estimated at 14%. A significant decrease in the risk of grade ≥2 bf+ was found if patients had no adjuvant hormonotherapy (sHR=0.31, p=0.007) and presented a RILA ≥12% (sHR=0.45, p=0.002).InterpretationRILA significantly predicts the risk of breast fibrosis. This study validates the use of RILA as a rapid screening test before RT delivery and will change definitely our daily clinical practice in radiation oncology.FundingThe French National Cancer Institute (INCa) through the “Program Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique (PHRC)”
Analysis of Ocean-atmosphere Coupling Algorithms: Consistency and Stability

AbstractThis paper is focused on the numerical and computational issues associated to ocean-atmosphere coupling. It is shown that usual coupling methods do not provide the solution to the correct problem, but to an approaching one since they are equivalent to performing one single iteration of an iterative coupling method. The stability analysis of these ad-hoc methods is presented, and we motivate and propose the adaptation of a Schwarz domain decomposition method to ocean-atmosphere coupling to obtain a stable and consistent coupling method
Parameterizing the lepton mixing matrix in terms of deviations from tri-bimaximal mixing

AbstractWe propose a parametrization of the lepton mixing matrix in terms of an expansion in powers of the deviations of the reactor, solar and atmospheric mixing angles from their tri-bimaximal values. We show that unitarity triangles and neutrino oscillation formulae have a very compact form when expressed in this parametrization, resulting in considerable simplifications when dealing with neutrino phenomenology. The parametrization, which is completely general, should help to establish possible relations between the deviations of the reactor, solar and atmospheric mixing angles from their tri-bimaximal values, and hence enable models which predict such relations to be more directly compared to experiment
Search for large extra dimensions in dimuon and dielectron events in pp collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractResults are presented from a search for large, extra spatial dimensions in events with either two isolated muons or two isolated electrons. The data are from proton–proton interactions at s=7 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The size of the data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 2 fb−1. The observed dimuon and dielectron mass spectra are found to be consistent with standard-model expectations. Depending on the number of extra dimensions, the 95% confidence level limits from the combined μμ and ee channels range from Ms>2.4 TeV to Ms>3.8 TeV, where Ms characterizes the scale for the onset of quantum gravity
Analysis on the minimal representation of O(p,q) III. Ultrahyperbolic equations on Rp−1,q−1

AbstractFor the group O(p,q) we give a new construction of its minimal unitary representation via Euclidean Fourier analysis. This is an extension of the q=2 case, where the representation is the mass zero, spin zero representation realized in a Hilbert space of solutions to the wave equation. The group O(p,q) acts as the Möbius group of conformal transformations on Rp−1,q−1, and preserves a space of solutions of the ultrahyperbolic Laplace equation on Rp−1,q−1. We construct in an intrinsic and natural way a Hilbert space of solutions so that O(p,q) becomes a continuous irreducible unitary representation in this Hilbert space. We also prove that this representation is unitarily equivalent to the representation on L2(C), where C is the conical subvariety of the nilradical of a maximal parabolic subalgebra obtained by intersecting with the minimal nilpotent orbit in the Lie algebra of O(p,q)
Polyploidization in Liver Tissue

Polyploidy (alias whole genome amplification) refers to organisms containing more than two basic sets of chromosomes. Polyploidy was first observed in plants more than a century ago, and it is known that such processes occur in many eukaryotes under a variety of circumstances. In mammals, the development of polyploid cells can contribute to tissue differentiation and, therefore, possibly a gain of function; alternately, it can be associated with development of disease, such as cancer. Polyploidy can occur because of cell fusion or abnormal cell division (endoreplication, mitotic slippage, or cytokinesis failure). Polyploidy is a common characteristic of the mammalian liver. Polyploidization occurs mainly during liver development, but also in adults with increasing age or because of cellular stress (eg, surgical resection, toxic exposure, or viral infections). This review will explore the mechanisms that lead to the development of polyploid cells, our current state of understanding of how polyploidization is regulated during liver growth, and its consequence on liver function
Natural Convection Flow and Heat Transfer in an Enclosure Containing Staggered Arrangement of Blockages

AbstractThe work reported in this paper is a numerical study of airflow and heat transfer for low turbulence buoyancy-driven flow in a rectangular cavity partially filled with solid objects. The two vertical walls were maintained at constant temperatures giving a temperature differential of 42.2°C resulting in a characteristic Rayleigh number of 1.45×109. Two different types of blockage arrangements were considered for analysis, and these consist of In-line and Staggered arrangements of 12×6 and 12×3 objects. In all cases, steady state flow and wall heat transfer data at the mid-height and mid-width of the cavity are presented. The flow domain displayed a stable core region and the average core temperature was found to be strongly influenced by different stacking arrangement of solid objects. In general, the staggered arrangement resulted in lower heat transfer through the surfaces which is linked with the suppression of turbulence within the boundary layers close to the surfaces
Developing bones are differentially affected by compromised skeletal muscle formation

AbstractMechanical forces are essential for normal adult bone function and repair, but the impact of prenatal muscle contractions on bone development remains to be explored in depth in mammalian model systems. In this study, we analyze skeletogenesis in two ‘muscleless’ mouse mutant models in which the formation of skeletal muscle development is disrupted; Myf5nlacZ/nlacZ:MyoD−/− and Pax3Sp/Sp (Splotch). Ossification centers were found to be differentially affected in the muscleless limbs, with significant decreases in bone formation in the scapula, humerus, ulna and femur, but not in the tibia. In the scapula and humerus, the morphologies of ossification centers were abnormal in muscleless limbs. Histology of the humerus revealed a decreased extent of the hypertrophic zone in mutant limbs but no change in the shape of this region. The elbow joint was also found to be clearly affected with a dramatic reduction in the joint line, while no abnormalities were evident in the knee. The humeral deltoid tuberosity was significantly reduced in size in the Myf5nlacZ/nlacZ:MyoD−/− mutants while a change in shape but not in size was found in the humeral tuberosities of the Pax3Sp/Sp mutants. We also examined skeletal development in a ‘reduced muscle’ model, the Myf5nlacZ/+:MyoD−/− mutant, in which skeletal muscle forms but with reduced muscle mass. The reduced muscle phenotype appeared to have an intermediate effect on skeletal development, with reduced bone formation in the scapula and humerus compared to controls, but not in other rudiments. In summary, we have demonstrated that skeletal development is differentially affected by the lack of skeletal muscle, with certain rudiments and joints being more severely affected than others. These findings indicate that the response of skeletal progenitor cells to biophysical stimuli may depend upon their location in the embryonic limb, implying a complex interaction between mechanical forces and location-specific regulatory factors affecting bone and joint development
Measurement of forward W and Z boson production in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The production of W and Z bosons in association with jets is studied in the forward region of proton-proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.98 ± 0.02 fb[superscript −1]. The W boson is identified using its decay to a muon and a neutrino, while the Z boson is identified through its decay to a muon pair. Total cross-sections are measured and combined into charge ratios, asymmetries, and ratios of W +jet and Z+jet production cross-sections. Differential measurements are also performed as a function of both boson and jet kinematic variables. All results are in agreement with Standard Model predictions.National Science Foundation (U.S.
Multiparticle production in the large λn limit : realising Higgsplosion in a scalar QFT.

In a scalar theory which we use as a simplified model for the Higgs sector, we adopt the semiclassical formalism of Son for computations of n-particle production cross-sections in the high-multiplicity n → ∞ weak-coupling λ → 0 regime with the value of λn held fixed and large. The approach relies on the use of singular classical solutions to a certain boundary value problem. In the past this formalism has been successfully used and verified in computations of perturbative multi-particle processes at tree-level, and also at the next-to-leading order level in the small λn expansion near the multi-particle mass threshold. We apply this singular solutions formalism in the regime of ultra-high multiplicities where λn ≫ 1, and compute the leading positive ∼ n λn−−−√λn  contribution to the exponent of the multi-particle rate in this large λn limit. The computation is carried out near the multi-particle mass threshold where the multiplicity n approaches its maximal value allowed by kinematics. This calculation relies on the idea of Gorsky and Voloshin to use a thin wall approximation for the singular solutions that resemble critical bubbles. This approximation is justified in precisely the high-multiplicity  λn−−−√→ ∞λn→ ∞ regime of interest. Based on our results we show that the scalar theory with a spontaneous symmetry breaking used here as a simplified model for the Higgs sector, is very likely to realise the high-energy Higgsplosion phenomenon
The kinematic signature of the Galactic warp in Gaia DR1 :
                    I. the H ipparcos subsample

Reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, ?? 2017 ESO.Context. The mechanism responsible for the warp of our Galaxy, as well as its dynamical nature, continues to remain unknown. With the advent of high precision astrometry, new horizons have been opened for detecting the kinematics associated with the warp and for constraining possible warp formation scenarios for the Milky Way. Aims. The aim of this contribution is to establish whether the first Gaia data release (DR1) shows significant evidence of the kinematic signature expected from a long-lived Galactic warp in the kinematics of distant OB stars. As the first paper in a series, we present our approach for analyzing the proper motions and apply it to the subsample of Hipparcos stars. Methods. We select a sample of 989 distant spectroscopically-identified OB stars from the new reduction of Hipparcos, of which 758 are also in the first Gaia data release (DR1), covering distances from 0.5 to 3 kpc from the Sun. We develop a model of the spatial distribution and kinematics of the OB stars from which we produce the probability distribution functions of the proper motions, with and without the systematic motions expected from a long-lived warp. A likelihood analysis is used to compare the expectations of the models with the observed proper motions from both Hipparcos and Gaia DR1. Results. We find that the proper motions of the nearby OB stars are consistent with the signature of a kinematic warp, while those of the more distant stars (parallax <1 mas) are not. Conclusions. The kinematics of our sample of young OB stars suggests that systematic vertical motions in the disk cannot be explained by a simple model of a stable long-lived warp. The warp of the Milky Way may either be a transient feature, or additional phenomena are acting on the gaseous component of the Milky Way, causing systematic vertical motions that are masking the expected warp signal. A larger and deeper sample of stars with Gaia astrometry will be needed to constrain the dynamical nature of the Galactic warp
ϕ -Meson production at forward rapidity in p–Pb collisions at  √SNN=5.02 TeV and in pp collisions at √s =2.76 TeV

The first study of ϕ  -meson production in p–Pb collisions at forward and backward rapidity, at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy View the MathML sourcesNN=5.02 TeV, has been performed with the ALICE apparatus at the LHC. The ϕ  -mesons have been identified in the dimuon decay channel in the transverse momentum (pTpT) range 1<pT<7 GeV/c1<pT<7 GeV/c, both in the p-going (2.03<y<3.532.03<y<3.53) and the Pb-going (−4.46<y<−2.96−4.46<y<−2.96) directions — where y   stands for the rapidity in the nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass — the integrated luminosity amounting to 5.01±0.19 nb−15.01±0.19 nb−1 and 5.81±0.20 nb−15.81±0.20 nb−1, respectively, for the two data samples. Differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity are presented. The forward–backward ratio for ϕ  -meson production is measured for 2.96<|y|<3.532.96<|y|<3.53, resulting in a ratio ∼0.5 with no significant pTpT dependence within the uncertainties. The pTpT dependence of the ϕ   nuclear modification factor RpPbRpPb exhibits an enhancement up to a factor 1.6 at pT=3–4 GeV/cpT=3–4 GeV/c in the Pb-going direction. The pTpT dependence of the ϕ  -meson cross section in pp collisions at View the MathML sources=2.76 TeV, which is used to determine a reference for the p–Pb results, is also presented here for 1<pT<5 GeV/c1<pT<5 GeV/c and 2.5<y<42.5<y<4, for a 78±3 nb−178±3 nb−1 integrated luminosity sample
Search for pair production of excited top quarks in the lepton + jets final state

A search is performed for pair-produced spin-3/2 excited top quarks (t*t̄*), each decaying to a top quark and a gluon. The search uses data collected with the CMS detector from pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV, selecting events that have a single isolated muon or electron, an imbalance in transverse momentum, and at least six jets, of which one must be compatible with originating from the fragmentation of a b quark. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb-1, show no significant excess over standard model predictions, and provide a lower limit of 803 GeV at 95% confidence on the mass of the spin-3/2 t*quark in an extension of the Randall-Sundrum model, assuming a 100% branching fraction of its decay into a top quark and a gluon. This is the first search for a spin-3/2 excited top quark performed at the LHC.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Search for additional heavy neutral Higgs and gauge bosons in the ditau
  final state produced in 36 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13
  TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for heavy neutral Higgs bosons and $Z^{\prime}$ bosons is performed
using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$
from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS
detector at the LHC during 2015 and 2016. The heavy resonance is assumed to
decay to $\tau^+\tau^-$ with at least one tau lepton decaying to final states
with hadrons and a neutrino. The search is performed in the mass range of
0.2-2.25 TeV for Higgs bosons and 0.2-4.0 TeV for $Z^{\prime}$ bosons. The data
are in good agreement with the background predicted by the Standard Model. The
results are interpreted in benchmark scenarios. In the context of the hMSSM
scenario, the data exclude $\tan\beta > 1.0$ for $m_A$ = 0.25 TeV and
$\tan\beta > 42$ for $m_A$ = 1.5 TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the
Sequential Standard Model, $Z^{\prime}_\mathrm{SSM}$ with $m_{Z^{\prime}} <
2.42$ TeV is excluded at 95% confidence level, while $Z^{\prime}_\mathrm{NU}$
with $m_{Z^{\prime}} < 2.25$ TeV is excluded for the non-universal $G(221)$
model that exhibits enhanced couplings to third-generation fermions.Comment: 52 pages in total, author list starting page 36, 11 figures, 3
  tables, published version, all figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2016-12
The efficient market hypothesis: Evidence from ten African stock markets

The paper investigates the weak-form efficiency of ten African stock markets using the runs test methodology for serial dependency. Returns are calculated using the adjusted trade-to-trade approach. Serious thin-trading was observed on all markets, and more so for Namibia and Botswana, the two markets with significant dual-listed stocks on the JSE. In many of the markets studied, a significant number of stocks rejected the random walk. Only three markets, Namibia, Kenya and Zimbabwe, were found to be relatively weak form efficient. The result for Namibia is attributed to its correlation with the JSE. Kenya and Zimbabwe are much older than most of the other markets studied. All the stocks in the Mauritian sample rejected the random walk at the 1% level of significance using the runs test and is thus said to be weak form inefficient. The same conclusion is reached for Ghana, the BRVM, Egypt and Botswana.  Thus the possibility of profiting by trading on historical prices could not be entirely ruled out.
Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate administration during early life: effects on performance, immunity and microbial community of European sea bass yolk-sac larvae

The reliable production of marine fish larvae is one of the major bottlenecks in aquaculture due to high mortalities mainly caused by infectious diseases. To evaluate if the compound poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) might be a suitable immunoprophylactic measure in fish larviculture, its capacity to improve immunity and performance in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) yolk-sac larvae was explored. PHB was applied from mouth opening onwards to stimulate the developing larval immune system at the earliest possible point in time. Larval survival, growth, microbiota composition, gene expression profiles and disease resistance were assessed. PHB administration improved larval survival and, furthermore, altered the larva-associated microbiota composition. The bacterial challenge test using pathogenic Vibrio anguillarum revealed that the larval disease resistance was not influenced by PHB. The expression profiles of 26 genes involved e.g. in the immune response showed that PHB affected the expression of the antimicrobial peptides ferritin (fer) and dicentracin (dic), however, the response to PHB was inconsistent and weaker than previously demonstrated for sea bass post-larvae. Hence, the present study highlights the need for more research focusing on the immunostimulation of different early developmental stages for gaining a more comprehensive picture and advancing a sustainable production of high quality fry
Carbon Nanotubes in TiO2 Nanofiber Photoelectrodes for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

1D semiconducting oxides are unique structures that have been widely used for photovoltaic (PV) devices due to their capability to provide a direct pathway for charge transport. In addition, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have played multifunctional roles in a range of PV cells because of their fascinating properties. Herein, the influence of CNTs on the PV performance of 1D titanium dioxide nanofiber (TiO2 NF) photoelectrode perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is systematically explored. Among the different types of CNTs, single-walled CNTs (SWCNTs) incorporated in the TiO2 NF photoelectrode PSCs show a significant enhancement (≈40%) in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) as compared to control cells. SWCNTs incorporated in TiO2 NFs provide a fast electron transfer within the photoelectrode, resulting in an increase in the short-circuit current (J sc) value. On the basis of our theoretical calculations, the improved open-circuit voltage (V oc) of the cells can be attributed to a shift in energy level of the photoelectrodes after the introduction of SWCNTs. Furthermore, it is found that the incorporation of SWCNTs into TiO2 NFs reduces the hysteresis effect and improves the stability of the PSC devices. In this study, the best performing PSC device constructed with SWCNT structures achieves a PCE of 14.03%.Full Tex
NR4A2 and schizophrenia: Lack of association in a Portuguese/Brazilian study

The present study investigates the association of mutations in the nuclear receptor NR4A2 in schizophrenic patients. The human Nur-related receptor 1, NR4A2, is an orphan nuclear receptor that can be constitutively active as a transcription factor and for which no natural ligand has yet been identified. Alone or with retinoid X receptor, RXR, NR4A2 influences the expression of several genes important for human brain development and regulation. In the absence of Nurr1 (the mouse homologue to human NR4A2), ventral mesencephalic dopaminergic mouse neurons evidence severe developmental failure, a condition that is lethal soon after birth. Nurr1 involvement in the dopaminergic system makes it a good candidate for study in neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and Parkinson disease. Evidence by others support this hypothesis (1) mapping of the NR4A2 gene to chromosome 2q22-23, a region with suggestive linkage to schizophrenia and (2) identification of mutations in patients with schizophrenia (c.366-369delTAC, c.308A > G, c.-469delG), manic depression (c.289A > G), and familial Parkinson's disease (c.-291delT, c.-245T > G). To further extend these observations, we searched for all these mutations in 176 Caucasian Portuguese and 82 Caucasian Brazilian subjects with lifetime diagnosis of schizophrenia. The study failed to identify any of the described mutations in patients or controls. Nevertheless, these negative results do not exclude altered expression of nuclear receptors in schizophrenia or the presence of other mutations. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.b.3003