pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
b jet Identification in CMS

AbstractA large fraction of the CMS physics program relies on the identification (tagging) of jets containing the decay of a B hadron (b jets). The b jets can be discriminated from jets produced by the hadronization of light quarks based on characteristic properties of B hadrons, such as the long lifetime. An overview of the large variety of b-tagging algorithms and the measurement of their performance with data collected in 2011 and 2012 are presented in this paper. A special focus lies on new methods of b-tagging in jet substructure. Searches for new physics often focus on boosted final states characterized by particles with large transverse momenta, resulting in decay products of heavy particles tending to be collimated and reconstructed as a single jet, known as fat jet. In this case, the reconstruction of the fat jet substructure is necessary to identify the particle initiating the fat jet. The substructure reconstruction can significantly be improved by the identification of b jets
Stochastic delay Lotka–Volterra model

AbstractWe reveal in this paper that the environmental noise will not only suppress a potential population explosion in the stochastic delay Lotka–Volterra model but will also make the solutions to be stochastically ultimately bounded. To reveal these interesting facts, we stochastically perturb the delay Lotka–Volterra model ẋ(t)=diag(x1(t),…,xn(t))[b+Ax(t−τ)] into the Itô form dx(t)=diag(x1(t),…,xn(t))[(b+Ax(t−τ))dt+σx(t)dw(t)], and show that although the solution to the original delay equation may explode to infinity in a finite time, with probability one that of the associated stochastic delay equation does not. We also show that the solution of the stochastic equation will be stochastically ultimately bounded without any additional condition on the matrix A
First study of the CP-violating phase and decay-width difference in Bs0→ψ(2S)ϕ decays

AbstractA time-dependent angular analysis of Bs0→ψ(2S)ϕ decays is performed using data recorded by the LHCb experiment. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.0fb−1 collected during Run 1 of the LHC. The CP-violating phase and decay-width difference of the Bs0 system are measured to be ϕs=0.23−0.28+0.29±0.02rad and ΔΓs=0.066−0.044+0.041±0.007ps−1, respectively, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. This is the first time that ϕs and ΔΓs have been measured in a decay containing the ψ(2S) resonance
Characteristic size and mass of galaxies in the Bose–Einstein condensate dark matter model

AbstractWe study the characteristic length scale of galactic halos in the Bose–Einstein condensate (or scalar field) dark matter model. Considering the evolution of the density perturbation we show that the average background matter density determines the quantum Jeans mass and hence the spatial size of galaxies at a given epoch. In this model the minimum size of galaxies increases while the minimum mass of the galaxies decreases as the universe expands. The observed values of the mass and the size of the dwarf galaxies are successfully reproduced with the dark matter particle mass m≃5×10−22 eV. The minimum size is about 6×10−3m/Hλc and the typical rotation velocity of the dwarf galaxies is O(H/m) c, where H is the Hubble parameter and λc is the Compton wave length of the particle. We also suggest that ultra compact dwarf galaxies are the remnants of the dwarf galaxies formed in the early universe
Differentiating neural reward responsiveness in autism versus ADHD

AbstractAlthough attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD) share certain neurocognitive characteristics, it has been hypothesized to differentiate the two disorders based on their brain's reward responsiveness to either social or monetary reward. Thus, the present fMRI study investigated neural activation in response to both reward types in age and IQ-matched boys with ADHD versus ASD relative to typically controls (TDC). A significant group by reward type interaction effect emerged in the ventral striatum with greater activation to monetary versus social reward only in TDC, whereas subjects with ADHD responded equally strong to both reward types, and subjects with ASD showed low striatal reactivity across both reward conditions. Moreover, disorder-specific neural abnormalities were revealed, including medial prefrontal hyperactivation in response to social reward in ADHD versus ventral striatal hypoactivation in response to monetary reward in ASD. Shared dysfunction was characterized by fronto-striato-parietal hypoactivation in both clinical groups when money was at stake. Interestingly, lower neural activation within parietal circuitry was associated with higher autistic traits across the entire study sample. In sum, the present findings concur with the assumption that both ASD and ADHD display distinct and shared neural dysfunction in response to reward
pySecDec: a toolbox for the numerical evaluation of multi-scale
  integrals

We present pySecDec, a new version of the program SecDec, which performs the
factorisation of dimensionally regulated poles in parametric integrals, and the
subsequent numerical evaluation of the finite coefficients. The algebraic part
of the program is now written in the form of python modules, which allow a very
flexible usage. The optimization of the C++ code, generated using FORM, is
improved, leading to a faster numerical convergence. The new version also
creates a library of the integrand functions, such that it can be linked to
user-specific codes for the evaluation of matrix elements in a way similar to
analytic integral libraries.Comment: replaced by published versio
Holographic fermionic spectrum from Born-Infeld AdS black hole

In this letter, we systematically explore the holographic (non-)relativistic
fermionic spectrum without/with dipole coupling dual to Born-Infeld anti-de
Sitter (BI-AdS) black hole. For the relativistic fermionic fixed point, this
holographic fermionic system exhibits non-Fermi liquid behavior. Also, with the
increase of BI parameter $\gamma$, the non-Fermi liquid becomes even "more
non-Fermi". When the dipole coupling term is included, we find that the BI term
makes it a lot tougher to form the gap. While for the non-relativistic
fermionic system with large dipole coupling in BI-AdS background, with the
increase of BI parameter, the gap comes into being against.Comment: 21 pages, 11 figure
The effect of trepanning speed of laser drilled acute angled cooling holes on the high temperature low cycle corrosion fatigue performance of CMSX-4 at 850°C

The effect of laser trepanning speed and, as a result, recast layer thickness on the high temperature corrosion fatigue behaviour of CMSX-4 superalloy acute angled holes was investigated. The experimental test results show that an increasing laser drilling speed caused a reduction in corrosion fatigue life by 30-50% at 850°C, under low cycle fatigue regime. This reduction was found to correlate directly with the recast layer thickness and surface anomalies within the recast layer produced during the laser drilling process. Corrosion had a smaller effect on the overall life of the laser drilled specimens under the conditions tested. The results presented show that laser trepanning speedis influencial in limiting the life performance of laser drilled components in service
Probing the Dragonfish star-forming complex: :
                    the ionizing population of the young massive cluster Mercer 30

This document is the accepted manuscript version of the following article: D. De la Fuente, et al, ???Probing the Dragonfish star-forming complex: the ionizing population of the young massive cluster Mercer 30???, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 589, A69, May 2016. The Version of record is available online at DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201528004The Dragonfish Nebula has been recently claimed to be powered by a superluminous but elusive OB association. Instead, systematic searches in near-infrared photometric surveys have found many other cluster candidates on this sky region. Among these, the first confirmed young massive cluster was Mercer 30, where Wolf-Rayet stars were found. We perform a new characterization of Mercer 30 with unprecedented accuracy, combining NICMOS/HST and VVV photometric data with multi-epoch ISAAC/VLT H- and K-band spectra. Stellar parameters for most of spectroscopically observed cluster members are found through precise non-LTE atmosphere modeling with the CMFGEN code. Our spectrophotometric study for this cluster yields a new, revised distance of d = (12.4 +- 1.7) kpc and a total of Q = 6.70 x 10^50 Lyman ionizing photons. A cluster age of (4.0 +- 0.8) Myr is found through isochrone fitting, and a total mass of (1.6 +- 0.6) x 10^4 Msol is estimated thanks to our extensive knowledge of the post-main-sequence population. As a consequence, membership of Mercer 30 to the Dragonfish star-forming complex is confirmed, allowing us to use this cluster as a probe for the whole complex, which turns out to be extremely large (400 pc across) and located at the outer edge of the Sagittarius-Carina spiral arm (11 kpc from the Galactic Center). The Dragonfish complex hosts 19 young clusters or cluster candidates (including Mercer 30 and a new candidate presented in this work) and an estimated minimum of 9 field Wolf-Rayet stars. The sum of all these contributions accounts for, at least, 73% of the Dragonfish Nebula ionization and leaves little or no room for the alleged superluminous OB association; alternative explanations are discussed
Zinc-blende and wurtzite AlxGa1-xN bulk crystals grown by molecular beam epitaxy

There is a significant difference in the lattice parameters of GaN and AlN and for many device applications AlxGa1-xN substrates would be preferable to either GaN or AlN. We have studied the growth of free-standing zinc-blende and wurtzite AlxGa1-xN bulk crystals by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE). Thick (similar to 10 mu m) zinc-blende and wurtzite AlxGa1-xN films were grown by PA-MBE on 2-in. GaAs (0 0 1) and GaAs (1 1 1)B substrates respectively and were removed from the GaAs substrate after the growth. We demonstrate that free-standing zinc-blende and wurtzite AlxGa1-xN wafers can be achieved by PA-MBE for a wide range of Al compositions. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Almost-Euclidean Subspaces of ℓ1N via Tensor Products: A Simple Approach to Randomness Reduction

It has been known since 1970’s that the N-dimensional ℓ[subscript 1]-space contains almost Euclidean subspaces whose dimension is Ω(N). However, proofs of existence of such subspaces were probabilistic, hence non-constructive, which made the results not-quite-suitable for subsequently discovered applications to high-dimensional nearest neighbor search, error-correcting codes over the reals, compressive sensing and other computational problems. In this paper we present a “low-tech” scheme which, for any γ> 0, allows us to exhibit almost Euclidean Ω(N)-dimensional subspaces of ℓ[subscript 1][superscript N] while using only N γ random bits. Our results extend and complement (particularly) recent work by Guruswami-Lee-Wigderson. Characteristic features of our approach include (1) simplicity (we use only tensor products) and (2) yielding almost Euclidean subspaces with arbitrarily small distortions.Proceedings of the 14th International Workshop, APPROX 2011, and 15th International Workshop, RANDOM 2011, Princeton, NJ, USA, August 17-19, 2011.National Science Foundation (U.S.). (Grant number CCF-0728645
Integer part independent polynomial averages and applications along
  primes

Exploiting the equidistribution properties of polynomial sequences, following
the methods developed by Leibman ("Pointwise Convergence of ergodic averages
for polynomial sequences of translations on a nilmanifold. Ergodic Theory
Dynam. Systems, 25 (2005) no. 1, 201-213") and Frantzikinakis ("Multiple
recurrence and convergence for Hardy field sequences of polynomial growth.
Journal d'Analyse Mathematique, 112 (2010), 79-135" and "Equidistribution of
sparse sequences on nilmanifolds. Journal d'Analyse Mathematique, 109 (2009),
353-395") we show that the ergodic averages with iterates given by the integer
part of real-valued strongly independent polynomials, converge in the mean to
the "right"-expected limit. These results have, via Furstenberg's
correspondence principle, immediate combinatorial applications while combining
these results with methods from "The polynomial multidimensional Szemer\'edi
theorem along shifted primes. Israel J. Math., 194 (2013), no. 1, 331-348" and
"Closest integer polynomial multiple recurrence along shifted primes. Ergodic
Theory Dynam. Systems, 1-20. doi:10.1017/etds.2016.40" we get the respective
"right" limits and combinatorial results for multiple averages for a single
sequence as well as for several sequences along prime numbers.Comment: 18 page
Customer experience quality: an exploration in business and consumer contexts using repertory grid technique

This study proposes a conceptual model for customer experience quality and its impact on customer relationship outcomes. Customer experience is conceptualized as the customer's subjective response to the holistic direct and indirect encounter with the firm, and customer experience quality as its perceived excellence or superiority. Using the repertory grid technique in 40 interviews in B2B and B2C contexts, the authors find that customer experience quality is judged with respect to its contribution to value-in-use, and hence propose that value-in-use mediates between experience quality and relationship outcomes. Experience quality includes evaluations not just of the firm's products and services but also of peer-to-peer and complementary supplier encounters. In assessing experience quality in B2B contexts, customers place a greater emphasis on firm practices that focus on understanding and delivering value-in-use than is generally the case in B2C contexts. Implications for practitioners' customer insight processes and future research directions are suggested
Self-regulated learning and executive function : exploring the relationships in a sample of adolescent males

This study investigated relationships between SRL and EF in a sample of 254 school-aged adolescent males. Two hypotheses were tested: that self-reported measures of SRL and EF are closely related and that as different aspects of EF mature during adolescence, the corresponding components of SRL should also improve, leading to an age-related increase in the correlation between EF and SRL. Two self-report instruments were used: the strategies for self-regulated learning survey (SSRLS) and the behavioural rating instrument of executive function (BRIEF). Strong correlations between the measures of EF and SRL were found, especially in areas associated with metacognitive processes. Correlations between EF and SRL were found, with weaker correlations between behavioural regulation and SRL were found to be weaker for the younger participants in the sample while the relationship between EF and SRL appears to grow stronger during the initial years of high school even though self-reported levels of EF along with motivation for SRL and important components of SRL such as goal setting and planning were found to decrease with age. Decreasing levels of motivation for learning during adolescence are speculated to moderate the deployment of SRL and EF in a school context
Chamber behavior of double Hurwitz numbers in genus 0

We study double Hurwitz numbers in genus zero counting the number of covers View the MathML source with two branching points with a given branching behavior. By the recent result due to Goulden, Jackson and Vakil, these numbers are piecewise polynomials in the multiplicities of the preimages of the branching points. We describe the partition of the parameter space into polynomiality domains, called chambers, and provide an expression for the difference of two such polynomials for two neighboring chambers. Besides, we provide an explicit formula for the polynomial in a certain chamber called totally negative, which enables us to calculate double Hurwitz numbers in any given chamber as the polynomial for the totally negative chamber plus the sum of the differences between the neighboring polynomials along a path connecting the totally negative chamber with the given one
Search for anomalous production in the highly-boosted all-hadronic final state

A search is presented for a massive particle, generically referred to as a Z′, decaying into a tt− pair. The search focuses on Z′ resonances that are sufficiently massive to produce highly Lorentz-boosted top quarks, which yield collimated decay products that are partially or fully merged into single jets. The analysis uses new methods to analyze jet substructure, providing suppression of the non-top multijet backgrounds. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb−1. Upper limits in the range of 1 pb are set on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction for a topcolor Z′ modeled for several widths, as well as for a Randall-Sundrum Kaluza-Klein gluon. In addition, the result contrain any enhancement in tt− production beyond expectations of the standard mode for tt invariant mass larger than 1 TeV/c2
Neighbourhood social capital and individual mental health

Neighbourhood social capital is often claimed benecial for health, yet evidence of this contextual eect in the UK has been thin. To examine this eect, I draw upon Grossman health production model and Blume-Brock-Durlauf social interaction model underpinning the effects of neighbourhood social capital on individual health. This study uses two most recent independent surveys on neighbourhood social capital and on individual mental health in Wales. Both are linked based on neighbourhood. I nd that many forms of neighbourhood social capital, measured with widely used questions, improve resident's mental health (SF36). Public health practitioners have these measures as additional tools to draw upon in formulating public health policy.
Tuning the plasmonic response up : hollow cuboid metal nanostructures

We report the fine-tuning of the localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) from ultraviolet to near-infrared by nanoengineering the metal nanoparticle morphologies from solid Ag nanocubes to hollow AuAg nanoboxes and AuAg nanoframes. Spatially resolved mapping of plasmon resonances by electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) revealed a homogeneous distribution of highly intense plasmon resonances around the hollow nanostructures and the interaction, that is, hybridization, of inner and outer plasmon fields for the nanoframe. Experimental findings are accurately correlated with the boundary element method (BEM) simulations demonstrating that the homogeneous distribution of the plasmon resonances is the key factor for their improved plasmonic properties. As a proof of concept for these enhanced plasmonic properties, we show the effective label free sensing of bovine serum albumin (BSA) of single-walled AuAg nanoboxes in comparison with solid Au nanoparticles, demonstrating their excellent performance for future biomedical applications
On the η and η' photoproduction beam asymmetry at high energies

We show that, in the Regge limit, beam asymmetries in eta and eta' photoproduction are sensitive to hidden strangeness components. Under reasonable assumptions about the couplings we estimate the contribution of the phi Regge pole, which is expected to be the dominant hidden strangeness contribution. The ratio of the asymmetries in eta' and eta production is estimated to be close to unity in the forward region 0 < -t/GeV2 <= 1 at the photon energy E-lab = 9 GeV, relevant for the upcoming measurements at Jefferson Lab
Search for light bosons in decays of the 125 GeV Higgs boson in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A search is presented for decays beyond the standard model of the 125 GeV Higgs bosons to a pair of light bosons, based on models with extended scalar sectors. Light boson masses between 5 and 62.5 GeV are probed in final states containing four τ leptons, two muons and two b quarks, or two muons and two τ leptons. The results are from data in proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1, accumulated by the CMS experiment at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. No evidence for such exotic decays is found in the data. Upper limits are set on the product of the cross section and branching fraction for several signal processes. The results are also compared to predictions of two-Higgs-doublet models, including those with an additional scalar singlet
Search for narrow resonances in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and combination with 8 TeV data

A search for narrow resonances in dielectron and dimuon invariant mass spectra has been performed using data obtained from proton–proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV collected with the CMS detector. The integrated luminosity for the dielectron sample is 2.7 fb$^{-1}$ and for the dimuon sample 2.9 fb$^{-1}$. The sensitivity of the search is increased by combining these data with a previously analyzed set of data obtained at$\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV and corresponding to a luminosity of 20 fb$^{-1}$. No evidence for non-standard-model physics is found, either in the 13 TeV data set alone, or in the combined data set. Upper limits on the product of production cross section and branching fraction have also been calculated in a model-independent manner to enable interpretation in models predicting a narrow dielectron or dimuon resonance structure. Limits are set on the masses of hypothetical particles that could appear in new-physics scenarios. For the $Z'_{SSM}$ particle, which arises in the sequential standard model, and for the superstring inspired $Z'_\psi$ particle, 95% confidence level lower mass limits for the combined data sets and combined channels are found to be 3.37 and 2.82 TeV, respectively. The corresponding limits for the lightest Kaluza–Klein graviton arising in the Randall–Sundrum model of extra dimensions with coupling parameters 0.01 and 0.10 are 1.46 and 3.11 TeV, respectively. These results significantly exceed the limits based on the 8 TeV LHC data
Search for pair production of heavy vector-like quarks decaying to high-pTW bosons and b quarks in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search is presented for the pair production of heavy vector-like T quarks, primarily targeting the T quark decays to a W boson and a b-quark. The search is based on 36.1 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=13 TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Data are analysed in the lepton-plus-jets final state, including at least one b-tagged jet and a large-radius jet identified as originating from the hadronic decay of a high-momentum W boson. No significant deviation from the Standard Model expectation is observed in the reconstructed T mass distribution. The observed 95% confidence level lower limit on the T mass are 1350 GeV assuming 100% branching ratio to Wb. In the SU(2) singlet scenario, the lower mass limit is 1170 GeV. This search is also sensitive to a heavy vector-like B quark decaying to Wt and other final states. The results are thus reinterpreted to provide a 95% confidence level lower limit on the B quark mass at 1250 GeV assuming 100% branching ratio to Wt; in the SU(2) singlet scenario, the limit is 1080 GeV. Mass limits on both T and B production are also set as a function of the decay branching ratios. The 100% branching ratio limits are found to be applicable to heavy vector-like Y and X production that decay to Wb and Wt, respectively