pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurement of WW Production and Search for the Higgs Boson in pp
  Collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A measurement of WW production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and a
search for the Higgs boson are reported. The WW candidates are selected in
events with two leptons, either electrons or muons. The measurement is
performed using LHC data recorded with the CMS detector, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. The pp to WW cross section is
measured to be 41.1 +/- 15.3 (stat) +/- 5.8 (syst) +/- 4.5 (lumi) pb,
consistent with the standard model prediction. Limits on WW gamma and WWZ
anomalous triple gauge couplings are set. The search for the standard model
Higgs boson in the WW decay mode does not reveal any evidence of excess above
backgrounds. Limits are set on the production of the Higgs boson in the context
of the standard model and in the presence of a sequential fourth family of
fermions with high masses. In the latter context, a Higgs boson with mass
between 144 and 207 GeV is ruled out at 95% confidence level.Comment: CMS-EWK-10-009, CERN-PH-EP-2011-01
Transverse beam polarization and CP-violating triple-gauge-boson
  couplings in e+e- -> gamma Z

We show that an anomalous CP-violating gamma-gamma-Z vertex gives rise to a
novel asymmetry with transversely polarized electron and positron beams in the
process e+e- -> gamma Z. This asymmetry, which is odd under naive time
reversal, is proportional to the real part of the gamma-gamma-Z CP-violating
coupling. This is in contrast to the simple forward-backward asymmetry of the
gamma (or Z) with unpolarized or longitudinally polarized beams studied
earlier, which is even under naive time reversal, and is proportional to the
imaginary part. We estimate the sensitivity of future experiments to the
determination of CP-odd gamma-gamma-Z and gamma-Z-Z couplings using these
asymmetries and transversely polarized beams.Comment: 13 pages, latex, 7 figures included as postscrip
PdBI Cold Dust Imaging of Two Extremely Red H-[4.5]>4 Galaxies
  Discovered with SEDS and CANDELS

We report Plateau de Bure Interferometer (PdBI) 1.1 mm continuum imaging
towards two extremely red H-[4.5]>4 (AB) galaxies at z>3, which we have
previously discovered making use of Spitzer SEDS and Hubble Space Telescope
CANDELS ultra-deep images of the Ultra Deep Survey field. One of our objects is
detected on the PdBI map with a 4.3 sigma significance, corresponding to
Snu(1.1mm)=(0.78 +/- 0.18) mJy. By combining this detection with the Spitzer 8
and 24 micron photometry for this source, and SCUBA2 flux density upper limits,
we infer that this galaxy is a composite active galactic nucleus/star-forming
system. The infrared (IR)-derived star formation rate is SFR~(200 +/- 100)
Msun/yr, which implies that this galaxy is a higher-redshift analogue of the
ordinary ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) more commonly found at
z~2-3. In the field of the other target, we find a tentative 3.1 sigma
detection on the PdBI 1.1 mm map, but 3.7 arcsec away of our target position,
so it likely corresponds to a different object. In spite of the lower
significance, the PdBI detection is supported by a close SCUBA2 3.3 sigma
detection. No counterpart is found on either the deep SEDS or CANDELS maps, so,
if real, the PdBI source could be similar in nature to the sub-millimetre
source GN10. We conclude that the analysis of ultra-deep near- and mid-IR
images offers an efficient, alternative route to discover new sites of powerful
star formation activity at high redshifts.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Updated to match version in press at Ap
Matching the $D^6 {\cal R}^4$ interaction at two-loops

The coefficient of the $D^6 {\cal R}^4$ interaction in the low energy
expansion of the two-loop four-graviton amplitude in type II superstring theory
is known to be proportional to the integral of the Zhang-Kawazumi (ZK)
invariant over the moduli space of genus-two Riemann surfaces. We demonstrate
that the ZK invariant is an eigenfunction with eigenvalue 5 of the
Laplace-Beltrami operator in the interior of moduli space. Exploiting this
result, we evaluate the integral of the ZK invariant explicitly, finding
agreement with the value of the two-loop $D^6 {\cal R}^4$ interaction predicted
on the basis of S-duality and supersymmetry. A review of the current
understanding of the $D^{2p} {\cal R}^4$ interactions in type II superstring
theory compactified on a torus $T^d$ with $p \leq 3$ and $d \leq 4$ is
included.Comment: 40 pages, various typos and coefficients corrected in version
AdS_2/CFT_1, Canonical Transformations and Superconformal Mechanics

We propose a simple conformal mechanics model which is classically equivalent
to a charged massive particle propagating near the AdS_2\times S^2 horizon of
an extreme Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. The equivalence holds for any
finite value of the black hole mass and with both the radial and angular
degrees of freedom of the particle taken into account. It is ensured by the
existence of a canonical transformation in the Hamiltonian formalism. Using
this transformation, we construct the Hamiltonian of a N=4 superparticle on
AdS_2\times S^2 background.Comment: 10 pages, LaTe
A New Supersymmetric Extension of Conformal Mechanics

In this paper we propose a new supersymmetric extension of conformal mechanics. The Grassmannian variables that we introduce are the basis of the forms and of the vector-fields built over the symplectic space of the original system. Our supersymmetric Hamiltonian itself turns out to have a clear geometrical meaning being the Lie-derivative of the Hamiltonian flow of conformal mechanics. Using superfields we derive a constraint which gives the exact solution of the supersymmetric system in a way analogous to the constraint in configuration space which solved the original non-supersymmetric model. Besides the supersymmetric extension of the original Hamiltonian, we also provide the extension of the other conformal generators present in the original system. These extensions have also a supersymmetric character being the square of some Grassmannian charge. We build the whole superalgebra of these charges and analyze their closure. The representation of the even part of this superalgebra on the odd part turns out to be integer and not spinorial in character
$p$-modes in and away from a sunspot

A time series of GONG Dopplergrams for the period 10-14 May 1997 from Udaipurand Big Bear sites has been used to measure the velocity fluctuations in thesunspot (NOAA active region 8038) and quiet photosphere simultaneously. Weobserve that the power of pre-dominant p-mode is reduced in the sunspot ascompared to quiet photosphere by 39-52 0epending on the location of thesunspot region on the solar disk. We also observe a relative peak frequencydeviation of p-modes in the sunspot, of the order of 80-310 $\mu$Hz, whichshows a linear dependence on the magnetic field gradient in the active region.The maximum frequency deviation of 310 $\mu$Hz on 12 May appears to be aninfluence of a long duration solar flare that occurred in this active region.We interpret this relative peak frequency deviation as either due to powerre-distribution of p-modes in the sunspot or a consequence of frequencymodulation of these modes along the magnetic flux tubes due to rapidly varyingmagnetic field structure
D-effects in Toroidally Compactified Type II String Theory

We review exact results obtained for R^4 couplings in maximally
supersymmetric type II string theories. These couplings offer a privileged
scene to understand the rules of semiclassical calculus in string theory. Upon
expansion in weak string coupling, they reveal an infinite sum of
non-perturbative e^{-1/g} effects that can be imputed to euclidean D-branes
wrapped on cycles of the compactification manifolds. They also shed light on
the relation between Dp-branes and D-(p-2)branes, D-strings and (p,q) strings,
instanton sums and soliton loops. The latter interpretation takes over in D<=6
in order to account for the e^{-1/g^2} effects, still mysterious from the point
of view of instanton calculus.
  [To appear in the proceedings of the conference "Quantum Aspects of Gauge
Theories, Supersymmetry and Unification" held at Neuchatel University,
Switzerland, 18-23 September 1997.]Comment: 1+6 pages, neuchatel.sty include
AdS$_3$/CFT Correspondence, Poincar\'{e} Vacuum State and Greybody
  Factors in BTZ Black Holes

The greybody factors in BTZ black holes are evaluated from 2D CFT in the
spirit of AdS$_3$/CFT correspondence. The initial state of black holes in the
usual calculation of greybody factors by effective CFT is described as
Poincar\'{e} vacuum state in 2D CFT. The normalization factor which cannot be
fixed in the effective CFT without appealing to string theory is shown to be
determined by the normalized bulk-to-boundary Green function. The relation
among the greybody factors in different dimensional black holes is exhibited.
Two kinds of $(h,{\bar h})=(1,1)$ operators which couple with the boundary
value of massless scalar field are discussed.Comment: 13 pages, Latex, no figures, minor corrections, to appear in Phys.
  Lett.
The two-boundary Temperley-Lieb algebra

We study a two-boundary extension of the Temperley-Lieb algebra which has
recently arisen in statistical mechanics. This algebra lies in a quotient of
the affine Hecke algebra of type C and has a natural diagrammatic
representation. The algebra has three parameters and, for generic values of
these, we determine its representation theory.
  We use the action of the centre of the affine Hecke algebra to show that all
irreducible representations lie within a finite dimensional diagrammatic
quotient. These representations are fully characterised by an additional
parameter related to the action of the centre. For generic values of this
parameter there is a unique representation of dimension 2^N and we show that it
is isomorphic to a tensor space representation. We construct a basis in which
the Gram matrix is diagonal and use this to discuss the irreducibility of this
representation.Comment: 45 pages Latex, 21 eps figures, revised versio
Charge exchange operators sum rules and proton-neutron T=0 and T=1
  pairing interactions

We study sum rules for charge exchange operators of the Gamow-Teller and
Fermi type and explore what can be learned from them about proton-neutron
pairing in T=0 and T=1 channels. We consider both energy weighted (EWSR) and
non-energy weighted (NEWSR) sum rules. We use a schematic Hamiltonian to stress
the distinctive roles of T=1 and T=0 pair interactions and correlations in the
sum rules. Numerical results for 44Ti are presented for both schematic and
realistic interactions.Comment: 17 pages, new section added. To appear in Nucl. Phys.
Definition of Systematic, Approximately Separable and Modular Internal
  Coordinates (SASMIC) for macromolecular simulation

A set of rules is defined to systematically number the groups and the atoms
of organic molecules and, particularly, of polypeptides in a modular manner.
Supported by this numeration, a set of internal coordinates is defined. These
coordinates (termed Systematic, Approximately Separable and Modular Internal
Coordinates, SASMIC) are straightforwardly written in Z-matrix form and may be
directly implemented in typical Quantum Chemistry packages. A number of Perl
scripts that automatically generate the Z-matrix files for polypeptides are
provided as supplementary material. The main difference with other
Z-matrix-like coordinates normally used in the literature is that normal
dihedral angles (``principal dihedrals'' in this work) are only used to fix the
orientation of whole groups and a somewhat non-standard type of dihedrals,
termed ``phase dihedrals'', are used to describe the covalent structure inside
the groups. This physical approach allows to approximately separate soft and
hard movements of the molecule using only topological information and to
directly implement constraints. As an application, we use the coordinates
defined and ab initio quantum mechanical calculations to assess the commonly
assumed approximation of the free energy, obtained from ``integrating out'' the
side chain degree of freedom chi, by the Potential Energy Surface (PES) in the
protected dipeptide HCO-L-Ala-NH2. We also present a sub-box of the Hessian
matrix in two different sets of coordinates to illustrate the approximate
separation of soft and hard movements when the coordinates defined in this work
are used.Comment: 27 pages, 10 figures, LaTeX, mcite packag
Search for narrow high-mass resonances in proton-proton collisions at
  sqrt(s) = 8 TeV decaying to a Z and a Higgs boson

The first search for a narrow, high-mass resonance decaying into Z and Higgs
(H) bosons is presented. The final state studied consists of a merged jet pair
and a tau pair resulting from the decays of Z and H bosons, respectively. The
analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a
center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, collected with the CMS experiment in 2012, and
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns. In the
resonance mass range of interest, which extends from 0.8 to 2.5 TeV, the Z and
H bosons are produced with large momenta, which implies that the final products
of the two quarks or the two tau leptons must be detected within a small
angular interval. From a combination of all possible decay modes of the tau
leptons, production cross sections in a range between 0.9 and 27.8 fb are
excluded at 95% confidence level, depending on the resonance mass.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
Quasi-periodic oscillations in accreting magnetic white dwarfs I.
  Observational constraints in X-ray and optical

Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are observed in the optical flux of some
polars with typical periods of 1 to 3 s but none have been observed yet in
X-rays where a significant part of the accreting energy is released. QPOs are
expected and predicted from shock oscillations. Most of the polars have been
observed by the XMM-Newton satellite. We made use of the homogeneous set of
observations of the polars by XMM-Newton to search for the presence of QPOs in
the (0.5-10 keV) energy range and to set significant upper limits for the
brightest X-ray polars. We extracted high time-resolution X-ray light curves by
taking advantage of the 0.07 sec resolution of the EPIC-PN camera. Among the 65
polars observed with XMM-Newton from 1998 to 2012, a sample of 24 sources was
selected on the basis of their counting rate in the PN instrument to secure
significant limits. We searched for QPOs using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT)
methods and defined limits of detection using statistical tools. Among the
sample surveyed, none shows QPOs at a significant level. Upper limits to the
fractional flux in QPOs range from 7% to 71%. These negative results are
compared to the detailed theoretical predictions of numerical simulations based
on a 2D hydrodynamical code presented in Paper II. Cooling instabilities in the
accretion column are expected to produce shock quasi-oscillations with a
maximum amplitude reaching ~ 40% in the bremsstrahlung (0.5-10 keV) X-ray
emission and ~ 20% in the optical cyclotron emission. The absence of X-ray QPOs
imposes an upper limit of ~ (5-10) g.cm-2.s-1 on the specific accretion rate
but this condition is found inconsistent with the value required to account for
the amplitudes and frequencies of the observed optical QPOs. This contradiction
outlines probable shortcomings with the shock instability model.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in A&
Tunnel magnetoresistance in GaMnAs: Going beyond Jullière formula

3 pages, 3 figures.The relation between tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) and spin polarization is explored for GaMnAs/GaAlAs/GaMnAs structures where the carriers experience strong spin–orbit interactions. TMR is calculated using the Landauer approach. The materials are described in the 6 band k·p model which includes spin–orbit interaction. Ferromagnetism is described in the virtual crystal mean field approximations. Our results indicate that TMR is a function of spin polarization and barrier thickness. As a result of the stong spin–orbit interactions, TMR also depends on the the angle between current flow direction and the electrode magnetization. These results compromise the validity of Julliere formula.This work was supported in part by MCYT of Spain\ud
under Contract Nos. MAT2002-04429-C03-01, MAT2002-\ud
00139, MAT2003-08109-C02-01, Fundación Ramón Areces, Ramon y Cajal Program and UE within the Research Training\ud
Network COLLECT.Peer reviewe
Design of effective kernels for spectroscopy and molecular transport: Time-dependent current–density-functional theory

5 páginas.Time-dependent current–density-functional theory (TDCDFT) provides an, in principle, exact scheme to calculate efficiently response functions for a very broad range of applications. However, the lack of approximations valid for a range of parameters met in experimental conditions has so far delayed its extensive use in inhomogeneous systems. On the other side, in many-body perturbation theory accurate approximations are available, but at a price of a higher computational cost. In the present work, the possibility of combining the advantages of both approaches is exploited. In this way, an exact equation for the exchange-correlation kernel of TDCDFT is obtained, which opens the way for a systematic improvement of the approximations adopted in practical applications. Finally, an approximate kernel for an efficient calculation of spectra of solids and molecular conductances is suggested and its validity is discussed.Acknowledge the support from the European Union’s (EU’s) 7th framework program through the ETSF e-I3 infrastructure project (Grant No. 211956),\ud
the Spanish MEC (FIS2007-65702-C02-01), ACI Promociona (ACI2009-1036), Grupos Consolidados UPV/EHU del Gobierno Vasco (IT-319-07), and ETORTEK projects.Peer reviewe
Cartilaginous repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects is induced by the intermittent activation of PTH/PTHrP signaling.

Objective：We studied the effects of the transient activation of parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) signaling during the repair of 5-mm-diameter full-thickness defects of articular cartilage in the rabbit.　　Materials and methods：Cylindrical full-thickness articular cartilage defects of 5 mm in diameter were artificially created in the femoral trochlea of male adolescent Japanese white rabbits using a hand-drill. Recombinant human PTH(1-84) was then administered into the joint cavity continuously or intermittently for 2 weeks post-injury. The reparative tissues were histologically examined at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, and were also immunohistochemically examined for type II collagen. Double immunostaining analysis was also performed for the PTH/PTHrP receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the regenerating tissues.　　Results：No evidence of cartilage formation was evident throughout the period of the experiments in injured animals administered saline alone. In contrast, cartilage formation occurred at 4 weeks in both the continuous and intermittent PTH-treated defects. At 8 weeks post-injury, for the intermittently treated defects, the regenerated cartilage successfully resurfaced the defects and the original bone-articular cartilage junction was recovered. In contrast, the defects were covered with fibrous or fibrocartilaginous tissues in the continuously administered group. PCNA and PTH/PTHrP receptor-double positive mesenchymal cells were significantly increased in both the continuous and intermittent PTH-treated defects at 2 weeks post-injury.　　Conclusions：The present results suggest that the transient activation and release from PTH/PTHrP signaling during the early stages of the cartilage repair process facilitates the induction of regenerative chondrogenesis in full-thickness articular cartilage defects
Dynamic Transport and Cementation of Skeletal Elements Build Up the Pole-and-Beam Structured Skeleton of Sponges.

カイメン体内で微細な建築資材（ガラス質の骨片）を細胞が運び、立て、組み上げる全く新しい骨格形成機構を発見. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2015-09-24.Animal bodies are shaped by skeletons, which are built inside the body by biomineralization of condensed mesenchymal cells in vertebrates [1, 2] and echinoderms [3, 4], or outside the body by apical secretion of extracellular matrices by epidermal cell layers in arthropods [5]. In each case, the skeletons' shapes are a direct reflection of the pattern of skeleton-producing cells [6]. Here we report a newly discovered mode of skeleton formation: assembly of sponges' mineralized skeletal elements (spicules) in locations distant from where they were produced. Although it was known that internal skeletons of sponges consist of spicules assembled into large pole-and-beam structures with a variety of morphologies [7-10], the spicule assembly process (i.e., how spicules become held up and connected basically in staggered tandem) and what types of cells act in this process remained unexplored. Here we found that mature spicules are dynamically transported from where they were produced and then pierce through outer epithelia, and their basal ends become fixed to substrate or connected with such fixed spicules. Newly discovered "transport cells" mediate spicule movement and the "pierce" step, and collagen-secreting basal-epithelial cells fix spicules to the substratum,  suggesting that the processes of spiculous skeleton construction are mediated separately by specialized cells. Division of labor by manufacturer, transporter, and cementer cells, and iteration of the sequential mechanical reactions of "transport, " "pierce, " "raise up, " and "cementation, " allows construction of the spiculous skeleton spicule by spicule as a self-organized biological structure, with the great plasticity in size and shape required for indeterminate growth, and generating the great morphological diversity of individual sponges
Possible tsunami signatures from an integrated study in the Augusta Bay offshore

Twelve anomalous layers, marked by a high concentration of displaced epiphytic foraminifera (species growing in vegetated substrates like the Posidonia oceanica) and subtle grain-size changes were found in a 6.7 mlong, fine sediment core (MS-06), sampled 2 kmoff the shore of the Augusta Harbor (Eastern Sicily) at a depth of 72 m, recording the past 4500 yrs of deposition. Because concentrations of epiphytic foraminifera are quite common in infralittoral zones, but not expected at −72 m, we believe that these anomalous layers might be related to the occurrence of tsunamis causing substantial uprooting and seaward displacement of P. oceanica blades with their benthic biota.
Our approach involved the study of geophysical data (morphobathymetry, seismic reflection, and seafloor reflectivity) and sediment samples, including X-ray imaging, physical properties, isotopic dating,
tephrochronology, grain-size and micropaleontology.
Correlations between anomalous layers and tsunami events have been supported by a multivariate analysis on benthic foraminifera assemblage and dates of historical tsunami records. We found that four out of the eleven layers were embedded in age intervals encompassing the dates of major tsunamis that hit eastern Sicily (1908, 1693, and 1169) and the broader Eastern Mediterranean (Santorini at about BP 3600). One more layer, even if less distinct than the others, was also defined and may be the evidence for the AD 365 Crete tsunami