pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs. First visual-channel
  radial-velocity measurements and orbital parameter updates of seven M-dwarf
  planetary systems

Context: The main goal of the CARMENES survey is to find Earth-mass planets
around nearby M-dwarf stars. Seven M-dwarfs included in the CARMENES sample had
been observed before with HIRES and HARPS and either were reported to have one
short period planetary companion (GJ15A, GJ176, GJ436, GJ536 and GJ1148) or are
multiple planetary systems (GJ581 and GJ876).
  Aims: We aim to report new precise optical radial velocity measurements for
these planet hosts and test the overall capabilities of CARMENES.
  Methods: We combined our CARMENES precise Doppler measurements with those
available from HIRES and HARPS and derived new orbital parameters for the
systems. Bona-fide single planet systems are fitted with a Keplerian model. The
multiple planet systems were analyzed using a self-consistent dynamical model
and their best fit orbits were tested for long-term stability.
  Results: We confirm or provide supportive arguments for planets around all
the investigated stars except for GJ15A, for which we find that the
post-discovery HIRES data and our CARMENES data do not show a signal at 11.4
days. Although we cannot confirm the super-Earth planet GJ15Ab, we show
evidence for a possible long-period ($P_{\rm c}$ = 7025$_{-629}^{+972}$ d)
Saturn-mass ($m_{\rm c} \sin i$ = 51.8$_{-5.8}^{+5.5}M_\oplus$) planet around
GJ15A. In addition, based on our CARMENES and HIRES data we discover a second
planet around GJ1148, for which we estimate a period $P_{\rm c}$ =
532.6$_{-2.5}^{+4.1}$ d, eccentricity $e_{\rm c}$ = 0.34$_{-0.06}^{+0.05}$ and
minimum mass $m_{\rm c} \sin i$ = 68.1$_{-2.2}^{+4.9}M_\oplus$.
  Conclusions: The CARMENES optical radial velocities have similar precision
and overall scatter when compared to the Doppler measurements conducted with
HARPS and HIRES. We conclude that CARMENES is an instrument that is up to the
challenge of discovering rocky planets around low-mass stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A, 24 pages, 16 figures, 14 table
Comparison of the Z/gamma* + jets to gamma + jets cross sections in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A comparison of the differential cross sections for the processes Z/gamma* + jets and photon (gamma) + jets is presented. The measurements are based on data collected with the CMS detector at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns. The differential cross sections and their ratios are presented as functions of pt. The measurements are also shown as functions of the jet multiplicity. Differential cross sections are obtained as functions of the ratio of the Z/gamma* pt to the sum of all jet transverse momenta and of the ratio of the Z/gamma* pt to the leading jet transverse momentum. The data are corrected for detector effects and are compared to simulations based on several QCD calculations
When what we get is not what we want: the roles of implemented versus desired merger patterns in support for mergers

By integrating an intergroup perspective on mergers with discrepancy theories, we argue that merger partners aim for merger patterns that best benefit their group’s standing. Importantly, we hypothesize and show that the discrepancy between what merger partners want and what they actually get affects outcomes essential to merger success. Specifically, we demonstrate that perceived fit between the implemented and the desired merger pattern predicts support for the merger. We further show that this effect is mediated by perceived fairness (Study 1) and emotional reactions to the merger (Study 2). Our findings are generalized across a field study that investigate a real merger between two institutions of higher education (Study 1) and an experiment (Study 2)
Allegations of child sexual abuse in family court cases :\ud
a qualitative analysis of psychiatric evidence

Allegations of child sexual abuse in Family Court cases have gained increasing attention. The study investigates factors involved in Family Court cases involving allegations of child sexual abuse. A qualitative methodology was employed to examine Records of Judgement and Psychiatric Reports for 20 cases distilled from the data corpus of 102 cases. A seven-stage methodology was developed utilising a thematic analysis process informed by principles of grounded theory and phenomenology. The explication of eight thematic clusters was undertaken. The findings point to complex issues and dynamics in which child sexual abuse allegations have been raised. The alleging parent’s allegations of sexual abuse against their ex-partner may be: the expression of unconscious deep fears for their children’s welfare, or an action to meet their needs for personal affirmation in the context of the painful upheaval of a relationship break-up. Implications of the findings are discussed
Chlorophyll breakdown in higher plants.

Chlorophyll breakdown is an important catabolic process of leaf senescence and fruit ripening. Structure elucidation of colorless linear tetrapyrroles as (final) breakdown products of chlorophyll was crucial for the recent delineation of a chlorophyll breakdown pathway which is highly conserved in land plants. Pheophorbide a oxygenase is the key enzyme responsible for opening of the chlorin macrocycle of pheophorbide a characteristic to all further breakdown products. Degradation of chlorophyll was rationalized by the need of a senescing cell to detoxify the potentially phototoxic pigment, yet recent investigations in leaves and fruits indicate that chlorophyll catabolites could have physiological roles. This review updates structural information of chlorophyll catabolites and the biochemical reactions involved in their formation, and discusses the significance of chlorophyll breakdown. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Regulation of Electron Transport in Chloroplasts
Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants

BACKGROUND: Raised blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. We estimated worldwide trends in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of, and number of people with, raised blood pressure, defined as systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or higher or diastolic blood pressure of 90 mm Hg or higher.\ud
METHODS: For this analysis, we pooled national, subnational, or community population-based studies that had measured blood pressure in adults aged 18 years and older. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2015 in mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalence of raised blood pressure for 200 countries. We calculated the contributions of changes in prevalence versus population growth and ageing to the increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure.\ud
FINDINGS: We pooled 1479 studies that had measured the blood pressures of 19·1 million adults. Global age-standardised mean systolic blood pressure in 2015 was 127·0 mm Hg (95% credible interval 125·7-128·3) in men and 122·3 mm Hg (121·0-123·6) in women; age-standardised mean diastolic blood pressure was 78·7 mm Hg (77·9-79·5) for men and 76·7 mm Hg (75·9-77·6) for women. Global age-standardised prevalence of raised blood pressure was 24·1% (21·4-27·1) in men and 20·1% (17·8-22·5) in women in 2015. Mean systolic and mean diastolic blood pressure decreased substantially from 1975 to 2015 in high-income western and Asia Pacific countries, moving these countries from having some of the highest worldwide blood pressure in 1975 to the lowest in 2015. Mean blood pressure also decreased in women in central and eastern Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and, more recently, central Asia, Middle East, and north Africa, but the estimated trends in these super-regions had larger uncertainty than in high-income super-regions. By contrast, mean blood pressure might have increased in east and southeast Asia, south Asia, Oceania, and sub-Saharan Africa. In 2015, central and eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia had the highest blood pressure levels. Prevalence of raised blood pressure decreased in high-income and some middle-income countries; it remained unchanged elsewhere. The number of adults with raised blood pressure increased from 594 million in 1975 to 1·13 billion in 2015, with the increase largely in low-income and middle-income countries. The global increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure is a net effect of increase due to population growth and ageing, and decrease due to declining age-specific prevalence.\ud
INTERPRETATION: During the past four decades, the highest worldwide blood pressure levels have shifted from high-income countries to low-income countries in south Asia and sub-Saharan Africa due to opposite trends, while blood pressure has been persistently high in central and eastern Europe.\ud
FUNDING: Wellcome Trust
In vitro and in vivo modeling of lipid bioaccessibility and digestion from\ud
almond muffins: The importance of the cell-wall barrier mechanism

food matrix (muffins) investigating whether the cell-wall barrier regulates the bioaccessibility of nutrients\ud
within this matrix. Muffins containing small (AF) or large (AP) particles of almond were digested\ud
in triplicate using an in vitro dynamic gastric model (DGM, 1 h) followed by a static duodenal digestion\ud
(8 h). AF muffins had 97.1 ± 1.7% of their lipid digested, whereas AP muffins had 57.6 ± 1.1% digested. In\ud
vivo digestion of these muffins by an ileostomy volunteer (0–10 h) gave similar results with 96.5% and\ud
56.5% lipid digested, respectively. The AF muffins produced a higher postprandial triacylglycerol iAUC\ud
response (by 61%) than the AP muffins. Microstructural analysis showed that some lipid remained encapsulated\ud
within the plant tissue throughout digestion. The cell-wall barrier mechanism is the main factor\ud
in regulating lipid bioaccessibility from almond particles
Síndromes psicopatológicos informados por personas allegadas a adultos de 18 a 59 años de edad en 18 países

The purpose was to advance research and clinical methodology for assessing psychopathology
by testing the international generalizability of an 8-syndrome model derived
from collateral ratings of adult behavioral, emotional, social, and thought problems. Collateral
informants rated 8,582 18-59-year-old residents of 18 societies on the Adult Behavior Checklist
(ABCL). Confirmatory factor analyses tested the fit of the 8-syndrome model to ratings from each
society. The primary model fit index (Root Mean Square Error of Approximation) showed good
model fit for all societies, while secondary indices (Tucker Lewis Index, Comparative Fit Index)
showed acceptable to good fit for 17 societies. Factor loadings were robust across societies and
items. Of the 5,007 estimated parameters, 4 (0.08%) were outside the admissible parameter
space, but 95% confidence intervals included the admissible space, indicating that the 4 deviant
parameters could be due to sampling fluctuations. The findings are consistent with previous evidence
for the generalizability of the 8-syndrome model in self-ratings from 29 societies, and
support the 8-syndrome model for operationalizing phenotypes of adult psychopathology from
multi-informant ratings in diverse societies.El propósito fue avanzar en la metodología clínica y de investigación de la evaluación
psicopatológica mediante el examen de la generalización internacional de un modelo
de 8 síndromes derivados de evaluaciones de personas allegadas a adultos, en sus problemas
emocionales, sociales y de pensamiento. Informantes allegados a los adultos calificaron a 8.582
residentes de 18 países entre 18 y 59 anos ˜ de edad con el Adult Behavior Checklist (ABCL).
Un análisis factorial confirmatorio examinó el ajuste del modelo de 8 síndromes a las puntuaciones
provenientes de cada país. El índice primario de ajuste del modelo (RMSEA) mostró
un buen ajuste del modelo para todas las sociedades, mientras que índices secundarios (TLI,
CFI) mostraron un ajuste de aceptable a bueno para 17 países. Las cargas factoriales fueron
robustas a través de los países e ítems. Los hallazgos son consistentes con evidencia previa
existente para la generalización del modelo de 8 síndromes en autoinformes de 29 sociedades.
Además, los resultados respaldan el modelo de 8 síndromes para operacionalizar fenotipos de
psicopatología del adulto provenientes de evaluaciones de múltiples informantes en diversas
sociedades.Peer Reviewe
Cross section of $\alpha$-induced reactions on iridium isotopes obtained
  from thick target yield measurement for the astrophysical $\gamma$ process

The stellar reaction rates of radiative $\alpha$-capture reactions on heavy
isotopes are of crucial importance for the $\gamma$ process network
calculations. These rates are usually derived from statistical model
calculations, which need to be validated, but the experimental database is very
scarce. This paper presents the results of $\alpha$-induced reaction cross
section measurements on iridium isotopes carried out at first close to the
astrophysically relevant energy region. Thick target yields of
$^{191}$Ir($\alpha$,$\gamma$)$^{195}$Au, $^{191}$Ir($\alpha$,n)$^{194}$Au,
$^{193}$Ir($\alpha$,n)$^{196m}$Au, $^{193}$Ir($\alpha$,n)$^{196}$Au reactions
have been measured with the activation technique between E$_\alpha = 13.4$ MeV
and 17 MeV. For the first time the thick target yield was determined with X-ray
counting. This led to a previously unprecedented sensitivity. From the measured
thick target yields, reaction cross sections are derived and compared with
statistical model calculations. The recently suggested energy-dependent
modification of the $\alpha$+nucleus optical potential gives a good description
of the experimental data.Comment: Accepted for publication in Physics Letters
Induction of antioxidative Nrf2 gene transcription by coffee in humans: depending on genotype?

The Nrf2/ARE pathway is a major cellular defense mechanism that prevents damage by reactive oxygen species through induction of antioxidative phase II enzymes. However, the activity of the Nrf2/ARE system is not uniform with variability in response presumed to be dependent on the Nrf2 genotype. We recently completed a pilot human coffee intervention trial with healthy humans, where large interindividual differences in the antioxidative response to the study coffee were examined. Here, we address the question whether differences in the modulation of Nrf2 gene transcription, assessed as an induction of Nrf2 gene transcription by Q-PCR, might be correlated with specific Nrf2 genotypes. To date, nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the Nrf2 (NFE2L2) gene. Two of these, the -617C/A and -651G/A SNPs are located within the promoter region and have previously been reported to influence the activity of the Nrf2/ARE pathway by reducing Nrf2 transcriptional activity. Sequencing of the critical Nrf2 gene promoter region not only confirmed the existence of these SNPs within the participants of the trial at the expected frequency (33% carrying the -617C/A, 17% the -651G/A and 56% the -653A/G SNP) but also indicated reduced Nrf2 gene transcription associated with a normal diet if the SNPs at position -617, -651 or -653 were present. Of note, the data also indicated the study coffee increased Nrf2 gene transcription even in SNP carriers. This further highlights the relevance of genotype-dependent induction of Nrf2 gene transcription that appears to be largely influenced by dietary factors.Griffith Health, School of Medical ScienceFull Tex
Search for supersymmetry in events with b-tagged jets and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at s√=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for the supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model bottom and top quarks is presented. The search uses 36.1 fb−1 of pp collision data at s√=13 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Direct production of pairs of bottom and top squarks (b¯¯1 and t¯1) is searched for in final states with b-tagged jets and missing transverse momentum. Distinctive selections are defined with either no charged leptons (electrons or muons) in the final state, or one charged lepton. The zero-lepton selection targets models in which the b¯¯1 is the lightest squark and decays via b¯¯1→bχ¯¯¯01, where χ¯¯¯01 is the lightest neutralino. The one-lepton final state targets models where bottom or top squarks are produced and can decay into multiple channels, b¯¯1→bχ¯¯¯01 and b¯¯1→tχ¯¯¯±1, or t¯1→tχ¯¯¯01 and t¯1→bχ¯¯¯±1, where χ¯¯¯±1 is the lightest chargino and the mass difference mχ¯¯¯¯±1−mχ¯¯¯¯01 is set to 1 GeV. No excess above the expected Standard Model background is observed. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level on the mass of third-generation squarks are derived in various supersymmetry-inspired simplified models
Uncertainty Quantification in Scale-Dependent Models of Flow in Porous Media

Equations governing flow and transport in randomly heterogeneous porous media are stochastic and scale dependent. In the moment equation (ME) method, exact deterministic equations for the leading moments of state variables are obtained at the same support scale as the governing equations. Computable approximations of the MEs can be derived via perturbation expansion in orders of the standard deviation of the random model parameters. As such, their convergence is guaranteed only for standard deviation smaller than one. Here, we consider steady-state saturated flow in a porous medium with random second-order stationary conductivity field. We show it is possible to identify a support scale, $\eta*$, where the typically employed approximate formulations of MEs yield accurate (statistical) moments of a target state variable. Therefore, at support scale $\eta*$ and larger, MEs present an attractive alternative to slowly convergent Monte Carlo (MC) methods whenever lead-order statistical moments of a target state variable are needed. We also demonstrate that a surrogate model for statistical moments can be constructed from MC simulations at larger support scales and be used to accurately estimate moments at smaller scales, where MC simulations are expensive and the ME method is not applicable
Isospin-symmetry breaking in masses of N ≃ Z nuclei

Effects of the isospin-symmetry breaking (ISB) beyond mean-field Coulomb terms are systematically studied in nuclear masses near the N=Z line. The Coulomb exchange contributions are calculated exactly. We use extended Skyrme energy density functionals (EDFs) with proton–neutron-mixed densities, to which we add new terms breaking the isospin symmetry. Two parameters associated with the new terms are determined by fitting mirror and triplet displacement energies (MDEs and TDEs) of isospin multiplets. The new EDFs reproduce MDEs for the T=1/2 doublets and T=1 triplets, and TDEs for the T=1 triplets. Relative strengths of the obtained isospin-symmetry-breaking terms are not consistent with the differences in the NN scattering lengths, a nn, a pp, and a np. Based on low-energy experimental data, it seems thus impossible to delineate the strong-force ISB effects from beyond-mean-field Coulomb-energy corrections
Walking blindfolded unveils unique contributions of behavioural approach and inhibition to lateral spatial bias.

Healthy individuals display a tendency to allocate attention unequally across space, and this bias has implications for how individuals interact with their environments. However, the origins of this phenomenon remain relatively poorly understood. The present research examined the joint and independent contributions of two fundamental motivational systems – behavioural approach and inhibition systems (BAS and BIS) – to lateral spatial bias in a locomotion task. Participants completed self-report measures of trait BAS and BIS, then repeatedly traversed a room, blindfolded, aiming for a straight line. We obtained locomotion data from motion tracking to capture variations in the walking trajectories. Overall, walking trajectories deviated to the left, and this tendency was more pronounced with increasing BIS scores. Meanwhile, BAS was associated with relative rightward tendencies when BIS was low, but not when BIS was high. These results demonstrate for the first time an association between BIS and lateral spatial bias independently of variations in BAS. The findings also contribute to clarify the circumstances in which BAS is associated with a rightward bias. We discuss the implications of these findings for the neurobiological underpinnings of BIS and for the literature on spatial bias
Information-based data selection for ensemble data assimilation

Ensemble-based data assimilation is rapidly proving itself as a computationally-efficient and skilful assimilation method for numerical weather prediction, which can provide a viable alternative to more established variational assimilation techniques. However, a fundamental shortcoming of ensemble techniques is that the resulting analysis increments can only span a limited subspace of the state space, whose dimension is less than the ensemble size. This limits the amount of observational information that can effectively constrain the analysis. In this paper, a data selection strategy that aims to assimilate only the observational components that matter most and that can be used with both stochastic and deterministic ensemble filters is presented. This avoids unnecessary computations, reduces round-off errors and minimizes the risk of importing observation bias in the analysis. When an ensemble-based assimilation technique is used to assimilate high-density observations, the data-selection procedure allows the use of larger localization domains that may lead to a more balanced analysis. Results from the use of this data selection technique with a two-dimensional linear and a nonlinear advection model using both in situ and remote sounding observations are discussed