pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Study of hard double-parton scattering in four-jet events in pp collisions at  sqrt{s}=7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment.

Inclusive four-jet events produced in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of  s√=7s=7  TeV are analysed for the presence of hard double-parton scattering using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 37.3 pb−1, collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The contribution of hard double-parton scattering to the production of four-jet events is extracted using an artificial neural network, assuming that hard double-parton scattering can be approximated by an uncorrelated overlaying of dijet events. For events containing at least four jets with transverse momentum pT ≥ 20 GeV and pseudorapidity |η| ≤ 4.4, and at least one having pT ≥ 42.5 GeV, the contribution of hard double-parton scattering is estimated to be fDPS = 0.092− 0.011+ 0.005(stat.)− 0.037+ 0.033(syst.). After combining this measurement with those of the inclusive dijet and four-jet cross-sections in the appropriate phase space regions, the effective cross-section, σeff , was determined to be σeff = 14. 9− 1.0+ 1.2(stat.)− 3.8+ 5.1(syst.) mb. This result is consistent within the quoted uncertainties with previous measurements of σeff , performed at centre-of-mass energies between 63 GeV and 8 TeV using various final states, and it corresponds to 21− 6+ 7 % of the total inelastic cross-section measured at  s√=7s=7  TeV. The distributions of the observables sensitive to the contribution of hard double-parton scattering, corrected for detector effects, are also provided
Single crystals of DPPH grown from diethyl ether and carbon disulfide solutions – Crystal structures, IR, EPR and magnetization studies

Single crystals of the free radical 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) obtained from diethyl ether (ether) and carbon disulfide (CS2) were characterized by the X-ray diffraction, IR, EPR and SQUID magnetization techniques. The X-ray structural analysis and IR spectra showed that the DPPH form crystallized from ether (DPPH1) is solvent free, whereas that one obtained from CS2 (DPPH2) is a solvate of the composition 4DPPH CS2. Principal values of the g-tensor were estimated by the X-band EPR spectroscopy at room and low (10 K) temperatures. Magnetization studies revealed the presence of antiferromagnetically coupled dimers in both types of crystals. However, the way of dimerization as well as the strength of exchange couplings are different in the two DPPH samples, which is in accord with their crystal structures. The obtained results improved parameters accuracy and enabled better understanding of properties of DPPH as a standard sample in the EPR spectrometry
Borexino’s search for low-energy neutrino and antineutrino signals correlated with gamma-ray bursts

A search for neutrino and antineutrino events correlated with 2,350 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is performed with Borexino data collected between December 2007 and November 2015. No statistically significant excess over background is observed. We look for electron antineutrinos ($\bar{\nu}_e$) that inverse beta decay on protons with energies from 1.8\,MeV to 15\,MeV and set the best limit on the neutrino fluence from GRBs below 8\,MeV. The signals from neutrinos and antineutrinos from GRBs that scatter on electrons are also searched for, a detection channel made possible by the particularly radio-pure scintillator of Borexino. We obtain currently the best limits on the neutrino fluence of all flavors and species below 7\,MeV. Finally, time correlations between GRBs and bursts of events are investigated. Our analysis combines two semi-independent data acquisition systems for the first time: the primary Borexino readout optimized for solar neutrino physics up to a few MeV, and a fast waveform digitizer system tuned for events above 1\,MeV
Modern Western Historiography and Russian Legal and Judicial Practices of the 18–20{th} Centuries: Main Research Trends

The article is devoted to the current trend of modern Western historiography: the study of the Russian Empire juridical relations. The analysis is made on the materials of the French historical periodicals. Historians try to identify the key principles feeding law practice in the context of a more general change in values of Russian society, overcoming the traditional dichotomy between the theory and practice of law. Key topics and priorities of this research direction show the close relationship between law principles and practices, because the logic of administration often provoke legislative changes, the officials of the Russian / Soviet Empire combine administrative and legal prerogatives and the historical specifics shows a close relationship between institutionally separated political, administrative and legal branches of authorities. Historical researches have also focused on the study of the interaction between institutions and their representatives, various groups of the population who have different objectives, mutual perception and communication
Lifestyles and surveillance of sexual and reproductive women’s health

Abstract: Background: The epidemic increase of diseases is closely related to lifestyle changes. The low adhesion to breast self-examination and cervical cytology hinders prevention and early diagnosis during the asymptomatic state of two silent diseases, with nonspecific symptoms that are a major cause of death by cancer in the Portuguese female population.
Objectives: To analyze the influence of sociodemographic variables and lifestyles in the surveillance of sexual and reproductive health of Portuguese women.
Methods: Quantitative, non-experimental, correlational and cross-sectional study, conducted with a non-probabilistic convenience sample of 522 women aged between 18 and 67 years old, who applied the questionnaires about Breast self-examination, Knowledge about cervical cancer and the Inventory "My Lifestyle" (Ribeiro, 1993.
Results: The average age of women is 38.89 years old. Women aged 31-37 years old (28.6%), Portuguese (99.1%), cohabiting with a partner and / or child (74.0%), with an active employment status (67 5%), residing in urban areas (55.8%) with higher education and attending family planning consultations have better lifestyles, without statistical significance (F = 0.016, p = 0.899).
Conclusions: Healthy behaviors and lifestyles are crucial to good overall health. Adhesion to surveillance of sexual and reproductive women’s health is influenced by several factors, including the place of residence, employment status and lifestyles. These variables must be considered by health professionals when planning periodic screenings.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Pooling and expanding registries of familial hypercholesterolaemia to assess gaps in care and improve disease management and outcomes: Rationale and design of the global EAS Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration

BACKGROUND: The potential for global collaborations to better inform public health policy regarding major non-communicable diseases has been successfully demonstrated by several large-scale international consortia. However, the true public health impact of familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH), a common genetic disorder associated with premature cardiovascular disease, is yet to be reliably ascertained using similar approaches. The European Atherosclerosis Society FH Studies Collaboration (EAS FHSC) is a new initiative of international stakeholders which will help establish a global FH registry to generate large-scale, robust data on the burden of FH worldwide.
METHODS: The EAS FHSC will maximise the potential exploitation of currently available and future FH data (retrospective and prospective) by bringing together regional/national/international data sources with access to individuals with a clinical and/or genetic diagnosis of heterozygous or homozygous FH. A novel bespoke electronic platform and FH Data Warehouse will be developed to allow secure data sharing, validation, cleaning, pooling, harmonisation and analysis irrespective of the source or format. Standard statistical procedures will allow us to investigate cross-sectional associations, patterns of real-world practice, trends over time, and analyse risk and outcomes (e.g. cardiovascular outcomes, all-cause death), accounting for potential confounders and subgroup effects.
CONCLUSIONS: The EAS FHSC represents an excellent opportunity to integrate individual efforts across the world to tackle the global burden of FH. The information garnered from the registry will help reduce gaps in knowledge, inform best practices, assist in clinical trials design, support clinical guidelines and policies development, and ultimately improve the care of FH patients.The present project has received support from a Pfizer Independent Grant for Learning & Change 2014 (No:16157823) and from investigator initiated unrestricted research grants to the European Atherosclerosis Society from Amgen, MSD, and Sanofi-Aventis. The project in Latvia was supported by the Latvian State Research Programme BIOMEDICINE. The project in Czech Republic was partly supported by grants MZ CR AZV 15-28277A and 16-29084A.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Better movers and thinkers (BMT): A quasi-experimental study into the impact of physical education on children's cognition—A study protocol

AbstractThis study will extend on a pilot study and will evaluate the impact of a novel approach to PE, Better Movers and Thinkers (BMT), on students' cognition, physical activity habits, and gross motor coordination (GMC).The study will involve six mainstream state schools with students aged 9–11years. Three schools will be allocated as the intervention condition and three as the control condition. The design of the study is a 16-week intervention with pre-, post- and 6month follow-up measurements taken using the ‘Cognitive Assessment System (CAS)’ GMC tests, and the ‘Physical Activity Habits Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C).’ Qualitative data will be gathered using student focus groups and class teacher interviews in each of the six schools.ANCOVA will be used to evaluate any effect of intervention comparing pre-test scores with post-test scores and then pre-test scores with 6month follow-up scores. Qualitative data will be analysed through an iterative process using grounded theory.This protocol provides the details of the rationale and design of the study and details of the intervention, outcome measures, and the recruitment process. The study will address gaps within current research by evaluating if a change of approach in the delivery of PE within schools has an effect on children's cognition, PA habits, and GMC within a Scottish setting
Search for light top squark pair production in final states with leptons and b-jets with the ATLAS detector in s=7 TeV proton–proton collisions

AbstractThe results of a search for pair production of light top squarks are presented, using 4.7 fb−1 of s=7 TeV proton–proton collisions collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. This search targets top squarks with masses similar to, or lighter than, the top quark mass. Final states containing exclusively one or two leptons (e,μ), large missing transverse momentum, light-flavour jets and b-jets are used to reconstruct the top squark pair system. Event-based mass scale variables are used to separate the signal from a large tt¯ background. No excess over the Standard Model expectations is found. The results are interpreted in the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, assuming the top squark decays exclusively to a chargino and a b-quark, while requiring different mass relationships between the Supersymmetric particles in the decay chain. Light top squarks with masses between 123–167 GeV are excluded for neutralino masses around 55 GeV
Artificial Turf Field – A New Build Case Study

AbstractArtificial turf is widely used around the world and is used successfully for many sports and at many levels of performance requirement. Enhanced quality assurance systems set in place by sport governing bodies, such as World Rugby's Regulation 22 require inspection and certification of the installed system, and increasingly testing of the whole pitch build. Monitoring of play performance is then required at intervals to maintain certification for (high level) competition. However, very little published case study data exists that presents the build quality and monitoring data in a suitable form to share knowledge and best practice for the wide range of stakeholders, or for the maintenance provider. This paper presents a (unique) case study overview of the key activities undertaken and the measurement data and observations made during the construction of a full size elite level artificial (3rd generation) turf pitch, in autumn 2014 at Loughborough University. The research team monitored all the construction layers with a variety of specialist geotechnical devices, and additionally instrumented the pitch for drainage performance and thermal heat transfer. In addition play performance related properties and maintenance have been monitored during its first year of use. The test results give a unique insight into the surface system initial state and the early life changes that have occurred. The collective outcomes of the case study findings are considered useful to both academics and practitioners to further our understanding of appropriate methods of effective sports pitch monitoring for quality and performance and the expected early-life in service changes. The geotechnical measurements add to the current (global) debate on design verification and how to specify and monitor a pitch base build quality
A Gaze on Rural Education According to Scientific Discourses during the Last Decade

AbstractThe largest proportion of illiteracy and lack of access to education in the world is concentrated in rural areas; therefore it is important to ensure there is access to quality education in these spots. This challenge is assumed by different branches of social research and it is reflected within the publication of articles in scientific journals. In the present document the scientific discourse surrounding the theme of rural education during the last decade was analyzed. To do this, the paper focuses on three aspects: the countries that set the agenda, the geographical areas that represent most of the attention and the prevalent themes within continents. It was observed that USA was the most productive country in terms of scientific writings with 30%; that Asia is really interested in health issues associated to rural education; that in Europe gender issues are on the table and that the African and Asian continents, as well as Latin America, are interested only on their own issues, as 100% of the times they only wrote about themselves
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis models derived from human embryonic stem cells with different superoxide dismutase 1 mutations exhibit differential drug responses

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative motor neuron (MN) disease. The gene encoding superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is a causative element of familial ALS. Animal ALS models involving SOD1 gene mutations are widely used to study the underlying mechanisms of disease and facilitate drug discovery. Unfortunately, most drug candidates have failed in clinical trials, potentially due to species differences among rodents and humans. It is unclear, however, whether there are different responses to drugs among the causative genes of ALS or their associated mutations. In this study, to evaluate different SOD1 mutations, we generated SOD1-ALS models derived from human embryonic stem cells with identical genetic backgrounds, except for the overexpression of mutant variants of SOD1. The overexpression of mutant SOD1 did not affect pluripotency or MN differentiation. However, mutation-dependent reductions in neurite length were observed in MNs. Moreover, experiments investigating the effects of specific compounds revealed that each ALS model displayed different responses with respect to MN neurite length. These results suggest that SOD1 mutations could be classified based the response of MNs to drug treatment. This classification could be useful for the development of mutant-specific strategies for drug discovery and clinical trials
An analytical model for vortex core pinning in a micromagnetic disk

AbstractA two-parameter analytical model is constructed to describe a thin, magnetically soft, circular disk in the vortex state. The model is capable of describing the change in evolution of net magnetization and of vortex core position when the core interacts with a magnetic pinning site. The basis of the two-parameter model is formed by a piecewise, physically continuous, magnetization distribution constructed with two regions described by different one-parameter models. Benchmarking against numerical simulations of ideal disks with and without pinning sites shows that the model provides accurate predictions of magnetization, hysteretic transitions, and 2-D displacement of the vortex core in the presence of pinning sites. The demonstrated accuracy of the model supports its use as an empirical tool to extract quantitative maps of vortex pinning energies from measurements of magnetization
Evaluating a concept design of a crowd-sourced ‘mashup’ providing ease-of-access information for people with limited mobility

AbstractThis study investigates the impact of using a concept map-based ‘mashup’ (www.accessadvisr.net) to provide volunteered (i.e. user contributed) ease of access information to travellers with limited mobility. A scenario-based user trial, centred around journey planning, was undertaken with 20 participants, divided equally between (1) those who have physical restrictions on their mobility, due to disability, illness or injury, and (2) those with practical mobility constraints due to being parents with young children who have to use a child’s pushchair when using public transport. Both user groups found the concept useful, but its potential impact was less for the pushchair user group. There were mixed views in relation to the ability of the mashup to convey the trustworthiness, credibility and reliability of information necessary for journey planning. The study identified a number of key information-related user requirements which help enable effective design of user contributed web-based resources for travellers with mobility-related issues
Polyakov-quark–meson–diquark model for two-color QCD

AbstractWe present an update on the phase diagram of two-color QCD from a chiral effective model approach based on a quark–meson–diquark model using the Functional Renormalization Group (FRG). We discuss the impact of perturbative UV contributions, the inclusion of gauge field dynamics via a phenomenological Polyakov loop potential, and the impact of matter backcoupling on the gauge sector. The corresponding phase diagram including these effects is found to be in qualitative agreement with recent lattice investigations
Frequency and duration of physical activity bouts in school-aged children: A comparison within and between days

AbstractUnderstanding how physical activity (PA) patterns vary within and between days may guide PA promotion in young people. We aimed to 1) describe and compare the frequency (bouts/day) and duration (min/bout) of bouts of moderate-to-vigorous intensity PA (MVPA) on weekdays vs. weekends and in-school vs. out-of-school, and 2) assess associations of bout frequency and duration in these time-segments with overall PA. We used cross-sectional accelerometer data from 2737 children (aged 6–19years) in the United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003–2006. A bout was defined as MVPA (≥2000 counts per minute [cpm]) lasting ≥3min. Adjusted Wald tests were used to assess differences in bout characteristics between time-segments. Linear regression was used to examine the association of time-segment specific bout characteristics with daily minutes of MVPA and PA volume (average cpm). Bout frequency was higher on weekdays than weekends (median [IQR] 4.3 [2.2–7.2] vs. 3.0 [1.0–6.5] bouts/day, p<0.001); however, bout duration did not differ (4.7 [4.0–5.7] vs. 4.5 [3.7–5.8] min/bout, p=0.33). More bouts were accumulated out-of-school compared with in-school (2.2 [1.0–4.0] vs. 1.8 [0.8–3.2] bouts/day, p<0.001), but bout duration was similar (4.7 [3.8–5.8] vs. 4.5 [3.8–5.7] min/bout, p=0.158). For all time-segments, the frequency and duration of bouts of MVPA were independently and positively associated with overall MVPA and PA volume. In conclusion, the characteristics of children's PA vary within and between days; accounting for this in intervention design may improve future interventions. However, increasing bout frequency or duration in any time-segment may be beneficial for overall PA
Inference of Tumor Evolution during Chemotherapy by Computational Modeling and In Situ Analysis of Genetic and Phenotypic Cellular Diversity

SummaryCancer therapy exerts a strong selection pressure that shapes tumor evolution, yet our knowledge of how tumors change during treatment is limited. Here, we report the analysis of cellular heterogeneity for genetic and phenotypic features and their spatial distribution in breast tumors pre- and post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We found that intratumor genetic diversity was tumor-subtype specific, and it did not change during treatment in tumors with partial or no response. However, lower pretreatment genetic diversity was significantly associated with pathologic complete response. In contrast, phenotypic diversity was different between pre- and posttreatment samples. We also observed significant changes in the spatial distribution of cells with distinct genetic and phenotypic features. We used these experimental data to develop a stochastic computational model to infer tumor growth patterns and evolutionary dynamics. Our results highlight the importance of integrated analysis of genotypes and phenotypes of single cells in intact tissues to predict tumor evolution
Decay of polarized muon at rest as a source of polarized antineutrino beam

AbstractIn this Letter, we indicate the possibility of using the decay of polarized muons at rest (DPMaR) as a source of the transversely polarized electron antineutrino beam. Such a beam could be used to probe new effects beyond standard model such as: time reversal violation, existence of right-chirality (anti)neutrinos. The (anti)neutrinos are assumed to be Dirac fermions with non-zero mass. We analyze a scenario with the participation of the complex exotic vector, scalar and tensor couplings of the right-chirality electron antineutrinos in addition to the standard vector coupling of the left-chirality ones. We show that the energy–angle distribution of the electron antineutrinos from the DPMaR depends on the interference terms between standard and exotic couplings, which are proportional to the transverse components of the antineutrino spin polarization and independent of a antineutrino mass. It allows to calculate the flux of electron antineutrinos and the expected number of recoil electrons in the elastic antineutrino–electron scattering (ν¯ee−), where the incoming antineutrino beam comes from the DPMaR and is transversely polarized. Our analysis is model-independent and consistent with the current upper limits on the non-standard couplings. The results are presented in a limit of infinitesimally small mass for all particles produced in the muon decay
Askey–Wilson relations and Leonard pairs

AbstractIt is known that if (A,A*) is a Leonard pair, then the linear transformations A, A* satisfy the Askey–Wilson relationsA2A*-βAA*A+A*A2-γAA*+A*A-ϱA*=γ*A2+ωA+ηI,A*2A-βA*AA*+AA*2-γ*A*A+AA*-ϱ*A=γA*2+ωA*+η*Ifor some scalars β,γ,γ*,ϱ,ϱ*,ω,η,η*. The problem of this paper is the following: given a pair of Askey–Wilson relations as above, how many Leonard pairs are there that satisfy those relations? It turns out that the answer is 5 in general. We give the generic number of Leonard pairs for each Askey–Wilson type of Askey–Wilson relations