pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Indications of suppressed high p_T hadron production in nucleus-nucleus
  collisions at CERN-SPS

Inclusive pion production at high transverse momenta (p_T > 2 GeV/c) in
nucleus-nucleus (A+A) collisions at CERN SPS (sqrt(s_NN)~20 GeV) is revisited
and systematically compared to all existing proton-proton data in the same
range of center-of-mass energies. The ratio of A+A to p+p pion cross-sections
(nuclear modification factor) for 0-8% central Pb+Pb, Pb+Au and S+Au reactions
does not show a strong enhancement as a function of p_T as previously found,
but is consistent with scaling with the number of nucleon-nucleon (NN)
collisions. Neutral pion yields per NN collision in head-on Pb+Pb reactions are
suppressed, whereas peripheral yields are enhanced. These results together
indicate that some amount of ``jet quenching'' may already be present in
central heavy-ion reactions at sqrt(s_NN)~20 GeV.Comment: Updated versions of Figs. 1,2 and 4. Minor text modification
Annihilation rate in positronic systems by quantum Monte Carlo. e$^+$LiH
  as test case

An accurate method to compute the annihilation rate in positronic systems by
means of quantum Monte Carlo simulations is tested and compared with previously
proposed methods using simple model systems. This method can be applied within
all the quantum Monte Carlo techniques, just requiring to accumulate the
positron-electron distribution function. The annihilation rate of e$^+$LiH as a
function of the internuclear distance is studied using a model potential
approach to eliminate the core electrons of Li, and explicitly correlated wave
functions to deal with all the remaining particles. These results allow us to
compute vibrationally averaged annihilation rates, and to understand the effect
of the Li$^+$ electric field on positron and electron distributions.Comment: 5 figures. Submitted to J. Chem. Phy
Does Lorentz Boost Destroy Coherence?

It is shown that the time-energy uncertainty relation can be combined into
the position-momentum uncertainty relation covariantly in the quark model of
hadrons. This leads to a Lorentz-invariant form of the uncertainty relations.
This model explains that the quark model and the parton model are two different
manifestations of the same covariant model. In particular, this covariant model
explains why the coherent amplitudes in the quark model become incoherent,
after a Lorentz boost, in the parton model. It is shown that this lack of
coherence is consistent with the present form of quantum mechanics.Comment: RevTex 12 pages, no figures; presented at the Workshop on Fundamental
  Problems in Quantum Theory, Baltimore, Maryland, (August 1997); to be
  published in the Proceeding
Star Formation in the Taurus filament L 1495: from Dense Cores to Stars

We present a study of dense structures in the L1495 filament in the Taurus Molecular Cloud and examine its star-forming properties. In particular we construct a dust extinction map of the filament using deep near-infrared observations, exposing its small-scale structure in unprecedented detail. The filament shows highly fragmented substructures and a high mass-per-length value of \(M_{line} = 17 M \odot \ pc^{-1}\), reflecting star-forming potential in all parts of it. However, a part of the filament, namely B211, is remarkably devoid of young stellar objects. We argue that in this region the initial filament collapse and fragmentation is still taking place and star formation is yet to occur. In the star-forming part of the filament, we identify 39 cores with masses from \(0.4 to 10 M \odot\) and preferred separations in agreement with the local Jeans length. Most of these cores exceed the Bonnor-Ebert critical mass, and are therefore likely to collapse and form stars. The Dense Core Mass Function follows a power law with exponent \(\lceil = 1.2 \pm 0.2\), a form commonly observed in star-forming regions.Astronom
Planck 2015 results. XXIV. Cosmology from Sunyaev-Zeldovich cluster
  counts

We present cluster counts and corresponding cosmological constraints from the
Planck full mission data set. Our catalogue consists of 439 clusters detected
via their Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) signal down to a signal-to-noise ratio of 6,
and is more than a factor of 2 larger than the 2013 Planck cluster cosmology
sample. The counts are consistent with those from 2013 and yield compatible
constraints under the same modelling assumptions. Taking advantage of the
larger catalogue, we extend our analysis to the two-dimensional distribution in
redshift and signal-to-noise. We use mass estimates from two recent studies of
gravitational lensing of background galaxies by Planck clusters to provide
priors on the hydrostatic bias parameter, $(1-b)$. In addition, we use lensing
of cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations by Planck
clusters as an independent constraint on this parameter. These various
calibrations imply constraints on the present-day amplitude of matter
fluctuations in varying degrees of tension with those from the Planck analysis
of primary fluctuations in the CMB; for the lowest estimated values of $(1-b)$
the tension is mild, only a little over one standard deviation, while it
remains substantial ($3.7\,\sigma$) for the largest estimated value. We also
examine constraints on extensions to the base flat $\Lambda$CDM model by
combining the cluster and CMB constraints. The combination appears to favour
non-minimal neutrino masses, but this possibility does little to relieve the
overall tension because it simultaneously lowers the implied value of the
Hubble parameter, thereby exacerbating the discrepancy with most current
astrophysical estimates. Improving the precision of cluster mass calibrations
from the current 10%-level to 1% would significantly strengthen these combined
analyses and provide a stringent test of the base $\Lambda$CDM model.Comment: 19 pages, 18 figures ; now matches the version accepted in A&
Surfaces containing two circles through each point and Pythagorean
  6-tuples

We study analytic surfaces in 3-dimensional Euclidean space containing two
circular arcs through each point. The problem of finding such surfaces traces
back to the works of Darboux from XIXth century. We reduce finding all such
surfaces to the algebraic problem of finding all Pythagorean 6-tuples of
polynomials. The reduction is based on the Schicho parametrization of surfaces
containing two conics through each point and a new approach using quaternionic
rational parametrization.Comment: minor stylistic changes; 15 pages, 1 figur
The Spin Structure Function $g_1^{\rm p}$ of the Proton and a Test of
  the Bjorken Sum Rule

New results for the double spin asymmetry $A_1^{\rm p}$ and the proton
longitudinal spin structure function $g_1^{\rm p}$ are presented. They were
obtained by the COMPASS collaboration using polarised 200 GeV muons scattered
off a longitudinally polarised NH$_3$ target. The data were collected in 2011
and complement those recorded in 2007 at 160\,GeV, in particular at lower
values of $x$. They improve the statistical precision of $g_1^{\rm p}(x)$ by
about a factor of two in the region $x\lesssim 0.02$. A next-to-leading order
QCD fit to the $g_1$ world data is performed. It leads to a new determination
of the quark spin contribution to the nucleon spin, $\Delta \Sigma$ ranging
from 0.26 to 0.36, and to a re-evaluation of the first moment of $g_1^{\rm p}$.
The uncertainty of $\Delta \Sigma$ is mostly due to the large uncertainty in
the present determinations of the gluon helicity distribution. A new evaluation
of the Bjorken sum rule based on the COMPASS results for the non-singlet
structure function $g_1^{\rm NS}(x,Q^2)$ yields as ratio of the axial and
vector coupling constants $|g_{\rm A}/g_{\rm V}| = 1.22 \pm 0.05~({\rm stat.})
\pm 0.10~({\rm syst.})$, which validates the sum rule to an accuracy of about
9\%.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures and table
The $\boldsymbol{SO(2r)_2}$ string functions as
  $\boldsymbol{q}$-diagrams

We discuss our conjecture for simply laced Lie algebras level two string
functions of mark one fundamental weights and prove it for the $SO(2r)$
algebra. To prove our conjecture we introduce $q$-diagrams and examine the
diagrammatic interpretations of known identities by Euler, Cauchy, Heine,
Jacobi and Ramanujan. Interestingly, the diagrammatic approach implies these
identities are related in the sense that they represent the first few terms in
an infinite series of diagrammatic identities. Furthermore, these diagrammatic
identities entail all the identities needed to prove our conjecture as well as
generalise it to all $SO(2r)$ level two string functions. As such, our main
objective is proving these series of diagrammatic identities thus extending the
works mentioned and establishing our conjecture for the $SO(2r)$ level two
string functions.Comment: 39 page
Cornering dimension-6 $HVV$ interactions at high luminosity LHC: the
  role of event ratios

We suggest a way of improving the probes on dimension-6 CP-conserving $HVV$
interactions ($V$ = $W$, $Z$, $\gamma$), from the LHC data on the Higgs boson
to be available in the 14 TeV run with an integrated luminosity of $3000$
fb$^{-1}$. We find that the ratios of total rates in different channels can be
quite useful in this respect. This includes ratios of event rates in (a)
different final states for the Higgs produced by the same production mechanism,
and (b) the same final state from two different production modes. While most
theoretical uncertainties cancel in the former, the latter helps in the case of
those operators which shift the numerator and denominator in opposite
directions. Our analysis, incorporating theoretical, systematic and statistical
uncertain, leads to projected limits that are better than the strongest ones
obtained so far from precision electroweak as well as LHC Higgs data. Moreover,
values of the coefficients of the dimension-6 operators, which are allowed in
disjoint intervals, can have their ranges narrowed down substantially in our
approach.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures and 7 tables; v2 : Some numerical corrections
  done, conclusions unchanged. Comments and References added. Accepted in JHE
Anomalous $WW\gamma$ couplings with beam polarization at the Compact
  Linear Collider

We study the anomalous $WW\gamma$ couplings at the Compact Linear Collider
through the processes $e^{+}e^{-}\to W^+W^-$, $e^{-}e^{+} \to e^{-} \gamma^{*}
e^{+} \to e^{+} \nu_{e} W^-$ and $e^{-}e^{+}\to e^{-} \gamma^{*} \gamma^{*}
e^{+} \to e^{-} W^+ W^- e^{+} $ $ (\gamma^{*}$ is the Weizsacker-Williams
photon). We give the 95\% confidence level limits for unpolarized and polarized
electron (positron) beam on the anomalous couplings for various values of the
integrated luminosities and center-of-mass energies. We show that the obtained
limits on the anomalous couplings through these processes can highly improve
the current experimental limits. In addition, our limits with beam polarization
are approximately two times better than the unpolarized case.Comment: Tables and references adde
CSI 2264: Accretion process in classical T Tauri stars in the young
  cluster NGC 2264

Our goal is to relate the photometric and spectroscopic variability of
classical T Tauri stars, of the star-forming cluster NGC 2264, to the physical
processes acting in the stellar and circumstellar environment, within a few
stellar radii from the star. NGC 2264 was the target of a multiwavelength
observational campaign with CoRoT, MOST, Spitzer, and Chandra satellites and
observations from the ground. We classified the CoRoT light curves of accreting
systems according to their morphology and compared our classification to
several accretion diagnostics and disk parameters. The morphology of the CoRoT
light curve reflects the evolution of the accretion process and of the inner
disk region. Accretion burst stars present high mass-accretion rates and
optically thick inner disks. AA Tau-like systems, whose light curves are
dominated by circumstellar dust obscuration, show intermediate mass-accretion
rates and are located in the transition of thick to anemic disks. Classical T
Tauri stars with spot-like light curves correspond mostly to systems with a low
mass-accretion rate and low mid-IR excess. About 30% of the classical T Tauri
stars observed in the 2008 and 2011 CoRoT runs changed their light-curve
morphology. Transitions from AA Tau-like and spot-like to aperiodic light
curves and vice versa were common. The analysis of the $H\alpha$ emission line
variability of 58 accreting stars showed that 8 presented a periodicity that in
a few cases was coincident with the photometric period. The blue and red wings
of the $H\alpha$ line profiles often do not correlate with each other,
indicating that they are strongly influenced by different physical processes.
Accreting stars have a dynamic stellar and circumstellar environment that can
be explained by magnetospheric accretion and outflow models, including
variations from stable to unstable accretion regimes on timescales of a few
year
Substellar objects in nearby young clusters. VII. The substellar mass function revisited

A.S. acknowledges financial support through the grant 10/RFP/AST2780 from the Science Foundation Ireland. Additional support for this work came from grants to R.J. from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.The abundance of brown dwarfs (BDs) in young clusters is a diagnostic of star formation theory. Here we revisit the issue of determining the substellar initial mass function (IMF) based on a comparison between NGC 1333 and IC348, two clusters in the Perseus star-forming region. We derive their mass distributions for a range of model isochrones, varying distances, extinction laws, and ages with comprehensive assessments of the uncertainties. We find that the choice of isochrone and other parameters have significant effects on the results, thus we caution against comparing IMFs obtained using different approaches. For NGC 1333, we find that the star/BD ratio R is between 1.9 and 2.4 for all plausible scenarios, consistent with our previous work. For IC348, R is found to be between 2.9 and 4.0, suggesting that previous studies have overestimated this value. Thus the star-forming process generates about 2.5-5 substellar objects per 10 stars. The derived star/BD ratios correspond to a slope of the power-law mass function of α = 0.7-1.0 for the 0.03-1.0 M ☉ mass range. The median mass in these clusters—the typical stellar mass—is between 0.13 and 0.30 M ☉. Assuming that NGC 1333 is at a shorter distance than IC348, we find a significant difference in the cumulative distribution of masses between the two clusters, resulting from an overabundance of very low mass objects in NGC 1333. Gaia astrometry will constrain the cluster distances better and will lead to a more definitive conclusion. Furthermore, the star/BD ratio is somewhat larger in IC348 compared with NGC 1333, although this difference is still within the margins of error. Our results indicate that environments with higher object density may produce a larger fraction of very low mass objects, in line with predictions for BD formation through gravitational fragmentation of filaments falling into a cluster potential.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Reconstruction of ice-sheet changes in the Antarctic Peninsula since the Last Glacial Maximum

Ocofaigh, C. ?., Davies, B. J., Livingstone, S. J., Smith, J. A., Johnson, J. S., Hocking, E. P., Hodgson, D. A., Anderson, J. B., Bentley, M. J., Canals, M., Domack, E., Dowdeswell, J. A., Evans, J., Glasser, N. F., Hillenbrand, C. D., Larter, R. D., Roberts, S. J. Simms, A. R. (2014). Reconstruction of ice-sheet changes in the Antarctic Peninsula since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 100, 87-110This paper compiles and reviews marine and terrestrial data constraining the dimensions and configuration of the Antarctic Peninsula Ice Sheet (APIS) from the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) through deglaciation to the present day. These data are used to reconstruct grounding-line retreat in 5 ka time-steps from 25 ka BP to present. Glacial landforms and subglacial tills on the eastern and western Antarctic Peninsula (AP) shelf indicate that the APIS was grounded to the outer shelf/shelf edge at the LGM and contained a series of fast-flowing ice streams that drained along cross-shelf bathymetric troughs. The ice sheet was grounded at the shelf edge until similar to 20 cal ka BP. Chronological control on retreat is provided by radiocarbon dates on glacimarine sediments from the shelf troughs and on lacustrine and terrestrial organic remains, as well as cosmogenic nuclide dates on erratics and ice moulded bedrock. Retreat in the east was underway by about 18 cal ka BP. The earliest dates on recession in the west are from Bransfield Basin where recession was underway by 17.5 cal ka BP. Ice streams were active during deglaciation at least until the ice sheet had pulled back to the mid-shelf. The timing of initial retreat decreased progressively southwards along the western AP shelf; the large ice stream in Marguerite Trough may have remained grounded at the shelf edge until about 14 cal ka BP, although terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide ages indicate that thinning had commenced by 18 ka BP. Between 15 and 10 cal ka BP the APIS underwent significant recession along the western AP margin, although retreat between individual troughs was asynchronous. Ice in Marguerite Trough may have still been grounded on the mid-shelf at 10 cal ka BP. In the Larsen-A region the transition from grounded to floating ice was established by 10.7-10.6 cal ka BP. The APIS had retreated towards its present configuration in the western AP by the mid-Holocene but on the eastern peninsula may have approached its present configuration several thousand years earlier, by the start of the Holocene. Mid to late-Holocene retreat was diachronous with stillstands, re-advances and changes in ice-shelf configuration being recorded in most places. Subglacial topography exerted a major control on grounding-line retreat with grounding-zone wedges, and thus by inference slow-downs or stillstands in the retreat of the grounding line, occurring in some cases on reverse bed slopes. (C) 2014 Durham University. Published by Elsevier Ltd.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Search for direct chargino production in anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking models based on a disappearing-track signature in pp collisions at sqrts=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for direct chargino production in anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenarios is performed in p p collisions at root s = 7 TeV using 4.7 fb(-1) of data collected with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. In these models, the lightest chargino is predicted to have a lifetime long enough to be detected in the tracking detectors of collider experiments. This analysis explores such models by searching for chargino decays that result in tracks with few associated hits in the outer region of the tracking system. The transverse-momentum spectrum of candidate tracks is found to be consistent with the expectation from the Standard Model background processes and constraints on chargino properties are obtained
Measurement of the jet radius and transverse momentum dependence of inclusive jet suppression in lead-lead collisions at sqrtsNN=2.76 TeV with the AT detector

Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead-lead collisions at root S-NN = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 mu b(-1), ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter system over the pseudorapidity interval vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38 < pT <210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-k(t) algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet "central-to-peripheral ratio," R-CP. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. R-CP varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC
NLO matching for t ̄tbb ̄ production with massive b-quarks

Theoretical uncertainties in the simulation of ttbarbbbar production represent one of the main obstacles that still hamper the observation of Higgs-boson production in association with top-quark pairs in the H→bbbar channel. In this Letter we present a next-to-leading order (NLO) simulation of ttbarbbbar production with massive b-quarks matched to the SHERPA parton shower. This allows one to extend NLO predictions to arbitrary ttbarbbbar kinematics, including the case where one or both b-jets arise from collinear g→bbbar splittings. We find that this splitting mechanism plays an important role for the ttbarH(bbbar) analysis
New compact forms of the trigonometric Ruijsenaars–Schneider system

The reduction of the quasi-Hamiltonian double of <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">SU</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> that has been shown to underlie Ruijsenaars' compactified trigonometric n -body system is studied in its natural generality. The constraints contain a parameter y , restricted in previous works to <math altimg="si2.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>π</mi><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mi>n</mi></math> because Ruijsenaars' original compactification relies on an equivalent condition. It is found that allowing generic <math altimg="si3.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>0</mn><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>π</mi><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mn>2</mn></math> results in the appearance of new self-dual compact forms of two qualitatively different types depending on the value of y . The type (i) cases are similar to the standard case in that the reduced phase space comes equipped with globally smooth action and position variables, and turns out to be symplectomorphic to <math altimg="si4.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="double-struck">C</mi><msup><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">P</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math> as a Hamiltonian toric manifold. In the type (ii) cases both the position variables and the action variables develop singularities on a nowhere dense subset. A full classification is derived for the parameter y according to the type (i) versus type (ii) dichotomy. The simplest new type (i) systems, for which <math altimg="si5.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>π</mi><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>π</mi><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> , are described in some detail as an illustration