pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
‘True Blood’ The Critical Care Story: An audit of blood sampling practice across three adult, paediatric and neonatal intensive care settings

AbstractBackgroundAnaemia is common in critically ill patients, and has a significant negative impact on patients’ recovery. Blood conservation strategies have been developed to reduce the incidence of iatrogenic anaemic caused by sampling for diagnostic testing.ObjectivesDescribe practice and local guidelines in adult, paediatric and neonatal Australian intensive care units (ICUs) regarding blood sampling and conservation strategies.MethodsCross-sectional descriptive study, conducted July 2013 over one week in single adult, paediatric and neonatal ICUs in Brisbane. Data were collected on diagnostic blood samples obtained during the study period, including demographic and acuity data of patients. Institutional blood conservation practice and guidelines were compared against seven evidence-based recommendations.ResultsA total of 940 blood sampling episodes from 96 patients were examined across three sites. Arterial blood gas was the predominant reason for blood sampling in each unit, accounting for 82% of adult, 80% of paediatric and 47% of neonatal samples taken (p<0.001). Adult patients had significantly more median [IQR] samples per day in comparison to paediatrics and neonates (adults 5.0 [2.4]; paediatrics 2.3 [2.9]; neonatal 0.7 [2.7]), which significantly increased median [IQR] blood sampling costs per day (adults AUD$101.11 [54.71]; paediatrics AUD$41.55 [56.74]; neonatal AUD$8.13 [14.95]; p<0.001). The total volume of samples per day (median [IQR]) was also highest in adults (adults 22.3mL [16.8]; paediatrics 5.0mL [1.0]; neonates 0.16mL [0.4]). There was little information about blood conservation strategies in the local clinical practice guidelines, with the adult and neonatal sites including none of the seven recommendations.ConclusionsThere was significant variation in blood sampling practice and conservation strategies between critical care settings. This has implications not only for anaemia but also infection control and healthcare costs
A Tight Junction-Associated Merlin-Angiomotin Complex Mediates Merlin's Regulation of Mitogenic Signaling and Tumor Suppressive Functions

SummaryThe Merlin/NF2 tumor suppressor restrains cell growth and tumorigenesis by controlling contact-dependent inhibition of proliferation. We have identified a tight-junction-associated protein complex comprising Merlin, Angiomotin, Patj, and Pals1. We demonstrate that Angiomotin functions downstream of Merlin and upstream of Rich1, a small GTPase Activating Protein, as a positive regulator of Rac1. Merlin, through competitive binding to Angiomotin, releases Rich1 from the Angiomotin-inhibitory complex, allowing Rich1 to inactivate Rac1, ultimately leading to attenuation of Rac1 and Ras-MAPK pathways. Patient-derived Merlin mutants show diminished binding capacities to Angiomotin and are unable to dissociate Rich1 from Angiomotin or inhibit MAPK signaling. Depletion of Angiomotin in Nf2−/− Schwann cells attenuates the Ras-MAPK signaling pathway, impedes cellular proliferation in vitro and tumorigenesis in vivo
The classical double copy for Taub–NUT spacetime

AbstractThe double copy is a much-studied relationship between gauge theory and gravity amplitudes. Recently, this was generalised to an infinite family of classical solutions to Einstein's equations, namely stationary Kerr–Schild geometries. In this paper, we extend this to the Taub–NUT solution in gravity, which has a double Kerr–Schild form. The single copy of this solution is a dyon, whose electric and magnetic charges are related to the mass and NUT charge in the gravity theory. Finally, we find hints that the classical double copy extends to curved background geometries
Ancillary Services Analysis of an Offshore Wind Farm Cluster – Technical Integration Steps of a Simulation Tool

AbstractIn this publication, the authors present methodology and example results for the analysis of ancillary services of an offshore wind farm cluster and its electrical power system. Thereby the operation tool Wind Cluster Management System (WCMS) is used as simulation tool to evaluate certain planning scenarios. Emphasis is made on two topics: 1) the integration of high voltage direct current (HVDC) technology to the WCMS, 2) the ancillary service analysis. As examples, voltage source converter based HVDC (VSC-HVDC) and the provision of reserve respectively balancing power are discussed in detail. The analyzed study case considers the Kriegers Flak area while the associated power system connects wind farms to Sweden, Denmark and Germany
Maintenance of Artificial Turf – Putting Research into Practice

AbstractArtificial turf is successfully utilized around the world for many sports and many levels of performance and competition requirement. Quality assurance systems for elite and community level demand effective maintenance programmes to ensure adequate play performance, with increasing regulation and auditing in the UK. Past research is, however, very limited in this important aspect of artificial turf science. Practical experience is relied upon to plan for and deliver a range of maintenance techniques to sweep, clean, decompact, replace and repair artificial turf carpets and infills. Validation of these techniques has yet to be comprehensively undertaken and reported. The authors have collaborated with an industry maintenance provider over a 4 year period focussed on measuring the effectiveness of common maintenance practice. This paper aims to present an overview of the data and outcomes of detailed studies into power-sweeping, decompaction, and decontamination, in light of temporal pitch monitoring of changes in play performance. The field data provide a unique insight into the short-term and long-term benefits of these intervention processes. The data permit quantitative analysis of key issues such as: the build-up of contamination that clogs infill and can lead to surface flooding; compaction of infill under player loading and how this affects the system hardness; and how loss of fibre resilience influences ball roll behaviour. The results demonstrate that, for example, the monthly power-brushing of a surface may effectively reduce the rate of build-up of contamination by more than 1% per year. This alone can potentially add several years’ playing life to a sand-filled pitch before costly deep cleaning or removal of the contaminated infill is required
Authentication schemes from actions on graphs, groups, or rings

AbstractWe propose a couple of general ways of constructing authentication schemes from actions of a semigroup on a set, without exploiting any specific algebraic properties of the set acted upon. Then we give several concrete realizations of this general idea, and in particular, we describe several authentication schemes with long-term private keys where forgery (a.k.a. impersonation) is NP-hard. Computationally hard problems that can be employed in these realizations include the Graph Colorability problem, the Diophantine problem, and many others
Z′ mediated flavor changing neutral currents in B meson decays

AbstractWe study the effects of an extra U(1)′ gauge boson with flavor changing couplings with fermion mass eigenstates on certain B meson decays that are sensitive to such new physics contributions. In particular, we examine to what extent the current data on Bd→φK and Bd→η′K decays may be explained in such models, concentrating on the example in which the flavor changing couplings are left-chiral. We find that within reasonable ranges of parameters, the Z′ contribution can readily account for the anomaly in SφKS but is not sufficient to explain large branching ratio of Bd→η′K with the same parameter value. SφKS and Sη′KS are seen to be the dominant observables that constrain the extra weak phase in the model
Local and global stability for Lotka–Volterra systems with distributed delays and instantaneous negative feedbacks

AbstractThis paper addresses the local and global stability of n-dimensional Lotka–Volterra systems with distributed delays and instantaneous negative feedbacks. Necessary and sufficient conditions for local stability independent of the choice of the delay functions are given, by imposing a weak nondelayed diagonal dominance which cancels the delayed competition effect. The global asymptotic stability of positive equilibria is established under conditions slightly stronger than the ones required for the linear stability. For the case of monotone interactions, however, sharper conditions are presented. This paper generalizes known results for discrete delays to systems with distributed delays. Several applications illustrate the results
Oxide particle coarsening at temperature over 1473K in 9CrODS steel

AbstractThe oxide particle coarsening was evaluated at temperature over 1473K by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM). After annealing of the 9CrODS extruded bar, the size of oxide particles increases while the number density decreases, indicating that the oxide particles coarsen through Ostwald ripening. The growth rate of the oxide particles follows the fifth-power law, which is in the region of dislocation ‘pipe’ diffusion. The activation energy for pipe diffusion, however, was remarkably high, derived as 891KJ/mole. The stability of oxide particles and the difference of the diffusion velocity in between bcc-δ phase and fcc-γ phase should be considered as the contributions to the activation energy
Hyperspectral cathodoluminescence mapping of calcite and feldspar

Hyperspectral mapping is a very powerful technique for determining the cathodoluminescence (CL) emission characteristics and chemical compositions of materials over relatively large areas and at micron to sub-micron spatial resolutions (Lee et al. 2005). Using a Cameca SX100 electron probe at Strathclyde University, which is equipped with a silicon CCD spectrograph and energy- and wavelengthdispersive X-ray detectors, we have investigated spatial and spectral variations in the CL properties of meteoric calcite cements from the Upper Permian of the UK and perthitic alkali feldspars (Na- and K-rich intergrowths) from the Precambrian Klokken syenite, Greenland
Optimization of the heat exchanger in a flat plate indirect heating integrated collector storage solar water heating system

Due to the environmental impact of energy usage, consumers need to be encouraged to use renewable energy sources such as solar energy. The indirect heating flat plate integrated collector storage solar water heating system is one of the compact systems for domestic water heating. It incorporates the collection of a solar energy component and a hot water storage component in one unit. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of different parameters on the thermal performance of this system with the aim of reducing both the initial and the running costs. The outlet service water temperature was used as a measure of performance, because it is an indicator of the energy acquired from the solar radiation. The continuity, momentum and energy equations of the fluids involved in the system were numerically solved in a steady state condition, using FLUENT software. Three-D CFD models were developed and validated using previous experimental results. A standard k-ω turbulent model was used in the optimization of the heat exchanger because it produced good agreement with the experimental results. The surface-to-surface radiation model was included. The effect of single and double row heat exchangers with different lengths was investigated. Circular and elliptic cross-section pipes were also examined. Mass flow rates of 500 and 650 L/h were chosen. The effect of the angel of collector was also examined. The results showed that the single row HX of 10.8 m length for both the elliptical and type B tube gave high service water outlet temperature (acceptable for heat exchanger design) and with low pumping power. This resulted in an increase in the thermal efficiency and a significant reduction in both the initial and the operating costs of the system.
Inclusive b-jet production in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} =7 TeV

The inclusive b-jet production cross section in pp collisions at a center-of mass energy of 7 TeV is measured using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The cross section is presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum in the range 18 < p T  < 200 GeV for several rapidity intervals. The results are also given as the ratio of the b-jet production cross section to the inclusive jet production cross section. The measurement is performed with two different analyses, which differ in their trigger selection and b-jet identification: a jet analysis that selects events with a b jet using a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb−1, and a muon analysis requiring abjetwithamuonbasedonanintegratedluminosityof3pb−1. Inbothapproachestheb jets are identified by requiring a secondary vertex. The results from the two methods are in agreement with each other and with next-to-leading order calculations, as well as with predictions based on the pythia event generator
Changes of Wind Waves in the North Atlantic over the last 30 years

In order to evaluate long-term climatic changes in wind wave height, visual wave estimates available from the Comprehensive Ocean–Atmosphere Data Set (GOADS) were updated for the period from 1964 to 1993. Analysis of the accuracy of visual estimates shows that observations from merchant ships can be used for the study of climate changes in storminess. Climate changes obtained in significant wave height, computed on the basis of the voluntary observed data, are quite consistent with those shown by the instrumental records at OWS L, Seven Stones Light Vessel and NDBC buoys. The linear trends in significant wave height, as well as in the wind sea and swell heights, were computed for the entire North Atlantic. Significant wave height increases of 10–30 cm/decade over the whole of the North Atlantic, except for the western and central subtropics were found. Changes in the swell height are very consistent with those seen in significant wave height. Nevertheless, wind sea indicates strong upward tendencies only in the central mid-latitudinal North Atlantic and does not show any significant trends in the Northeast Atlantic, where instrumental records of Bacon and Carter report secular changes of about 1% a year. Wind waves of smaller occurrences show significantly negative changes in the Northeast Atlantic; that is in agreement with the wind sea periods changes. Possible mechanisms driving the swell changes with no pronounced increase of the sea height and wind velocity are discussed. Changes in the intensities of intramonthly variability in different synoptic ranges are considered as the major agent of the increasing swell. The conclusion is made that the upward swell changes are driven by the intensification of high frequency synoptic processe
A sensitive and robust method for the determination of alkylphenol
polyethoxylates and their carboxylic acids and their transformation in a
trickling filter wastewater treatment plant.

This paper presents a method for the determination of alkylphenols, alkylphenol
polyethoxylates (APEO) and alkylphenol ethoxycarboxylates (APEC) in the aqueous
and particulate phase of wastewater samples. Quantification was achieved by
liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The sensitivity of the method is
demonstrated by low detection limits, in the dissolved phase 1.2–9.6 ng l−1 for
alkylphenol, AP1–3EO and APEC and 0.1–4.1 ng l−1 for longer chain alkylphenol
polyethoxylates. The method detection limit for particulate phase samples ranged
from 6 to 60 ng g−1 for AP, AP1–3EO and APEC; with the longer chain APEO being
from 0.5 to 20 ng g−1. Matrix effects were noted in complex matrix rich samples.
There was a distinct change in the distribution of alkylphenol ethoxylates
during biological treatment of the wastewater, with the major biotransformation
products observed being carboxylated derivatives at concentrations of up to 1768
ng l−1. Shorter chain APEO were present in higher proportions in the suspended
solids, due to their higher affinity to particulate matter compared to the lo
Measurement of the t-channel single top-quark production cross section in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

We report a measurement of the cross section of single top-quark production in the t-channel using 1.04 fb−1 of pp   collision data at View the MathML sources=7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Selected events feature one electron or muon, missing transverse momentum, and two or three jets, exactly one of them identified as originating from a b   quark. The cross section is measured by fitting the distribution of a multivariate discriminant constructed with a neural network, yielding View the MathML sourceσt=83±4(stat.)−19+20(syst.) pb, which is in good agreement with the prediction of the Standard Model. Using the ratio of the measured to the theoretically predicted cross section and assuming that the top-quark-related CKM matrix elements obey the relation |Vtb|≫|Vts|,|Vtd||Vtb|≫|Vts|,|Vtd|, the coupling strength at the W-t-b   vertex is determined to be View the MathML source|Vtb|=1.13−0.13+0.14. If it is assumed that |Vtb|⩽1|Vtb|⩽1 a lower limit of |Vtb|>0.75|Vtb|>0.75 is obtained at the 95% confidence level.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China: COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Multiwavelength observations of a VHE gamma-ray flare from\ud
PKS 1510–089 in 2015

Context. PKS 1510 089 is one of only a few flat spectrum radio quasars detected in the VHE (very-high-energy, > 100 GeV) gamma-ray band. Aims. We study the broadband spectral and temporal properties of the PKS 1510 089 emission during a high gamma-ray state. \ud
Methods. We performed VHE gamma-ray observations of PKS 1510-089 with the MAGIC telescopes during a long, high gamma-ray state in May 2015. In order to perform broadband modeling of the source, we have also gathered contemporaneous multiwavelength data in radio, IR, optical photometry and polarization, UV, X-ray, and GeV gamma-ray ranges. We construct a broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) in two periods, selected according to VHE gamma-ray state. \ud
Results. PKS 1510-089 was detected by MAGIC during a few day-long observations performed in the middle of a long, high optical and gamma-ray state, showing for the first time a significant VHE gamma-ray variability. Similarly to the optical and gamma-ray high state of the source detected in 2012, it was accompanied by a rotation of the optical polarization angle and the emission of a new jet component observed in radio. However, due to large uncertainty on the knot separation time, the association with the VHE gamma-ray emission cannot be firmly established. The spectral shape in the VHE band during the flare is similar to the ones obtained during previous measurements of the source. The observed flux variability sets for the first time constraints for the size of the region from which VHE gamma rays are emitted. We model the broadband SED in the framework of the external Compton scenario and discuss the possible emission site in view of multiwavelength data and alternative emission models
Are spherulitic lacustrine carbonates an expression of large-scale mineral carbonation? : A case study from the East Kirkton Limestone, Scotland

BP Exploration Co. is thanked for funding, and particularly the Carbonate Team for supporting this research and for fruitful discussions. West Lothian Council and Scottish Natural Heritage are thanked for allowing access and permission for sampling the site. The Core Store Team at BGS Keyworth is particularly acknowledged for their assistance. Mark Anderson, Tony Sinclair (University of Hull), and Bouk Lacet (VU University Amsterdam) are thanked for technical support. Anne Kelly (SUERC) for carrying out the Strontium Isotope analyses. Mark Tyrer is thanked for his advice on PHREEQC modelling.Peer reviewedPostprin
The host galaxies of X- ray selected active galactic nuclei to z=2.5: Structure, star formation, and their relationships from CANDELS and Herschel/PACS

We study the relationship between the structure and star formation rate (SFR) of X-ray selected low and moderate luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the two Chandra Deep Fields, using Hubble Space Telescope imaging from the Cosmic Assembly Near Infrared Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) and deep far-infrared maps from the PEP+GOODS-Herschel survey. We derive detailed distributions of structural parameters and FIR luminosities from carefully constructed control samples of galaxies, which we then compare to those of the AGNs. At z similar to 1, AGNs show slightly diskier light profiles than massive inactive (non-AGN) galaxies, as well as modestly higher levels of gross galaxy disturbance (as measured by visual signatures of interactions and clumpy structure). In contrast, at z similar to 2, AGNs show similar levels of galaxy disturbance as inactive galaxies, but display a red central light enhancement, which may arise from a more pronounced bulge in AGN hosts or extinguished nuclear light. We undertake a number of tests of both these alternatives, but our results do not strongly favor one interpretation over the other. The mean SFR and its distribution among AGNs and inactive galaxies are similar at z > 1.5. At z < 1, however, clear and significant enhancements are seen in the SFRs of AGNs with bulge-dominated light profiles. These trends suggest an evolution in the relation between nuclear activity and host properties with redshift, towards a minor role for mergers and interactions at z > 1.5
The political economy of educational content and development: lessons from history

Beyond years of schooling, educational content can play an important role in the process of economic development. Individuals' choices of educational content are often shaped by the political economy of government policies that determine the incentives to acquire various skills. We first present a model in which differences in human capital investments emerge as an equilibrium outcome of private decisions and government policy choices. We then illustrate these dynamics in two historical circumstances. In medieval Europe, states and the Church found individuals trained in Roman law valuable, and eventually supported productive investments in this new form of human capital. In late 19th-century China, elites were threatened by the introduction of Western science and engineering and continued to select civil servants—who enjoyed substantial rents—based on their knowledge of the Confucian classics; as a result, investments in productive, modern human capital were not made