pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Juvenile growth of hybrid poplars on acidic boreal soil determined by environmental effects of soil preparation, vegetation control, and fertilization

The silviculture of hybrid poplars and other fast-growing tree species is a promising solution to reduce the pressure on natural forests while maintaining wood supplies to industries. However, hybrid poplars are very sensitive to competing vegetation and to inadequate soil conditions and fertility. Possible management tools include mechanical site preparation (MSP), vegetation control (VC), and fertilization.\ud
Experimental plantations of hybrid poplars (one clone, Populus balsamea×Populus maximowiczii) were\ud
established at eight formerly forested sites on acidic soil in the southern boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. The objective was to test the response of hybrid poplars to the interaction of several silvicultural tools, which has been rarely done. FourMSPtreatments (in decreasing order of intensity: mounding, harrowing, heavy disk trenching, light disk trenching) and a control (unprepared) were all combined with four different frequencies of plant competition control by brushing (from never up to once a year). Fertilization with N or N+ P was also tested in three selected MSP treatments. After five years, hybrid poplar tree growth among MSP treatments increased in the following order: unprepared < light disk trenching < heavy disk trenching < harrowing < mounding. MSP was also essential in favouring early tree survival, as illustrated by mortality rates of over 20% in unprepared plots and below 5% in all other MSP treatments. The effect of competition control on hybrid poplar growth was greatest in the less intensive MSP treatments, where competing vegetation was the most abundant. On the contrary, fertilization effect was significant only in the most intensive MSP (mounding). Moreover, neither fertilization nor VC could compensate for inadequate soil preparation. Of all the silvicultural treatments tested, mounding provided the best tree growth despite a nitrogen and carbon impoverished surface soil
Asymmetric first-price auctions with uniform distributions: Analytic solutions to the general case

Draft version dated December 25, 2007 originally deposited in SSRN working paper series. Final version published by   Springer; available online at http://www.springer.com/While auction research, including asymmetric auctions, has grown significantly in recent years, there is still little analytical solutions of first-price auctions outside the symmetric case. Even in the uniform case, Griesmer et al. (1967) and Plum (1992) find solutions only to the case where the lower bounds of the two distributions are the same. We present the general analytical solutions to asymmetric auctions in the uniform case for two bidders, both with and without a minimum bid. We show that our solution is consistent with the previously known solutions of auctions with uniform distributions. Several interesting examples are presented including a class where the two bid functions are linear. We hope this result improves our understanding of auctions and provides a useful tool for future research in auctions
The solar flare of the 14th of July 2000 : L3+C detector results

L3Aims.Several experiments have reported observations on possible correlations between the flux of high energy muons and intense solar flares. If confirmed, these observations would have significant implications for acceleration processes in the heliosphere able to accelerate protons and other ions to energies of at least tens of GeV. Methods: .The solar flare of the 14 of July 2000 offered a unique opportunity for the L3+C experiment to search for a correlated enhancement in the flux of muons using the L3 precision muon spectrometer. Its capabilities for observing a directional excess in the flux of muons above 15 GeV (corresponding to primary proton energies above 40 GeV) are presented along with observations made on the 14th of July 2000. Results: .We report an excess which appeared at a time coincident with the peak increase of solar protons observed at lower energies. The probability that the excess is a background fluctuation is estimated to be 1%. No similar excess of the muon flux was observed up to 1.5 h after the solar flare time
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering on the neutron at JLab Hall A

Recently a new theoretical framework, the Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs), has been proposed. It unifies form factors and parton distributions within a general description of the non-perturbative structure of the nucleon. GPDs are 4 universal functions H, E, $\tilde{H}$, and $\tilde{E}$ connected to quark correlation amplitudes. Virtual Compton scattering gammaN -> gammaN in the Bjorken limit (DVCS) is the simplest exclusive process which allows access to GPDs. In the 6~GeV energy range, the DVCS process can be investigated with polarized electrons scattering off the proton or the neutron. Jefferson Laboratory E00-110 and E03-106 experiments recently completed data taking in Hall A investigating the DVCS process on the nucleon. The experimental apparatus and methods will be presented and preliminary results will be discussed on the basis of the present analysis status
Greedy routing in small-world networks with power-law degrees

International audienceIn this paper we study decentralized routing in small-world networks that combine a wide variation in node degrees with a notion of spatial embedding. Specifically, we consider a variant of J. Kleinberg's grid-based small-world model in which (1) the number of long-range edges of each node is not fixed, but is drawn from a power-law probability distribution with exponent parameter α ≥ 0 and constant mean, and (2) the long-range edges are considered to be bidirectional for the purposes of routing. This model is motivated by empirical observations indicating that several real networks have degrees that follow a power-law distribution. The measured power-law exponent α for these networks is often in the range between 2 and 3. For the small-world model we consider, we show that when 2 < α < 3 the standard greedy routing algorithm, in which a node forwards the message to its neighbor that is closest to the target in the grid, finishes in an expected number of O(log^(α−1) n · log log n) steps, for any source–target pair. This is asymptotically smaller than the O(log^2 n) steps needed in Kleinberg's original model with the same average degree, and approaches O(log n) as α approaches 2. Further, we show that when 0 ≤ α < 2 or α ≥ 3 the expected number of steps is O(log^2 n), while for α = 2 it is O(log^(4/3) n). We complement these results with lower bounds that match the upper bounds within at most a log log n factor
Superradiant phase transitions with three-level systems

We determine the phase diagram of $N$ identical three-level systems interacting with a single photonic mode in the thermodynamical limit ($N \to \infty$) by accounting for the so-called diamagnetic term and the inequalities imposed by the Thomas-Reich-Kuhn (TRK) oscillator strength sum rule. The key role of transitions between excited levels and the occurrence of first-order phase transitions is discussed. We show that, in contrast to two-level systems, in the three-level case the TRK inequalities do not always prevent a superradiant phase transition in presence of a diamagnetic term
Syntenic relationships between genomic profiles of fiber-induced murine and human malignant mesothelioma. : aCGH of human and murine mesothelioma

International audienceMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis mainly linked to past asbestos exposure. Murine models of MM based on fiber exposure have been developed to elucidate the mechanism of mesothelioma formation. Genomic alterations in murine MM have now been partially characterized. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of mesothelioma, 16 murine and 35 human mesotheliomas were characterized by array-comparative genomic hybridization and were screened for common genomic alterations. Alteration of the 9p21 human region, often by biallelic deletion, was the most frequent alteration in both species, in agreement with the CDKN2A/CDKN2B locus deletion in human disease and murine models. Other shared aberrations were losses of 1p36.3-p35 and 13q14-q33 and gains of 5p15.3-p13 regions. However, some differences were noted, such as absence of recurrent alterations in mouse regions corresponding to human chromosome 22. Comparison between altered recurrent regions in asbestos-exposed and non-asbestos-exposed patients showed a significant difference in the 14q11.2-q21 region, which was also lost in fiber-induced murine mesothelioma. A correlation was also demonstrated between genomic instability and tumorigenicity of human mesothelioma xenografts in nude mice. Overall, these data show similarities between murine and human disease, and contribute to the understanding of the influence of fibers in the pathogenesis of mesothelioma and validation of the murine model for preclinical testing
Noise from scattered light in Virgo's second science run data

International audienceVirgo is one of the large, ground-based interferometers aimed at detecting gravitational waves. One of the technical problems limiting its sensitivity is caused by light in the output beams which is back-scattered by seismically excited surfaces and couples back into the main beam of the interferometer. The resulting noise was thoroughly studied, measured and mitigated before Virgo's second science run (VSR2). The residual noise during VSR2, which increases in periods with large microseism activity, is accurately predicted by the theoretical model. The scattered light has been associated with transient events in the gravitational-wave signal of the interferometer
Face to Face or Facebook: 21st Century University Education: A Survey

Part 8: International Workshop on Information Engineering and ManagementInternational audienceUniversity education has for centuries depended on face to face interactions between academic teachers and their students. In the 21st century, social media tools such as FacebookTM consume an increasing part of the time and attention of our students, who are also more and more stressed. Meanwhile, lecture attendance is down, student part-time work is up, and what has happened to the learning? Is there an ideal amount of Facebook engagement which will maximize outcomes (learning), and engagement (enthusiasm)? We survey the relevant literature to come to some initial conclusions and propose an experimental test of our conclusion
Research into Inventory Optimization of a Two-Echelon Distribution System Based on Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)

Part 8: International Workshop on Information Engineering and ManagementInternational audienceBased on the assumption that distributor and retailers adopt different replenishment policies, this article gives consideration to the relationship between the inventory strategies of the two echelon. The authors construct an inventory model of a two-echelon distribution system under stochastic demand, and solve the problem based on algorithm of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to quantitatively get the optimal ordering strategies of distribution center and retailers
Understanding the Emergent Structure of Competency Centers in Post-implementation Enterprise Systems

Part 3: Structures and NetworksInternational audiencePrior research provides conflicting insights about the link between investment in enterprise systems and firm value and in the ES governance mechanisms. The literature generally suggests that management should cultivate its technical and organizational expertise to derive value from currently deployed Enterprise Systems (ES) [8]. In the realm of practice, ERP vendors and configuration/integration partners strongly recommend the creation of an organizational structure to govern the ERP implementation and post-implementation process to improve project success and extract greater value from the ES investment. The ES literature, while unclear on the formation, and functioning of ES governance units, suggests the need for formal and fixed governance structures. This research utilizes Deleuze’s assemblage theory and emergence theory to explain the genesis and evolution of the governing ‘structure’ known as the Competency Center (CC). Our results illustrate the business needs driving the structuring processes behind the CC, are also those that lead to unintended and destabilizing outcomes. Whether the CC ‘assemblage’ survives to provide value depends on how the emergent issues are handled and how the assemblages are “positioned”. This research suggests effective ES governance is not derived from a prescribed step-wise process yielding formal structures, but rather form an organic process of assemblage
Value Creation from Public Healthcare IS

Part 1: Creating ValueInternational audienceThe obtainment of value from IT is a recurring theme that has diffused into healthcare information systems (HIS). Having completed the implementation of an integrated HIS, the Faroese Health Service (FHS) has started discussions regarding the obtainment of value from its IT investment which is the subject of this paper. Based on an action research project focusing on the improvement of the stroke process, this paper reveals that it is not possible to distinguish between working processes and HIS and that the realization of value in this context has a much broader significance than mere financial value. During the project, specific key performance indicators (KPIs) were identified and a baseline was established for the stroke process. The outcome is a framework for measuring IS public value as: professional, organizational, patient-perceived and employee-perceived quality as well as learning. Selected non-financial measures for each dimension and their development are presented, e.g., a decrease in mortality
Interplay between acoustic/phonetic and semantic processes during spoken sentence comprehension: an ERP study.

International audienceWhen listening to speech in everyday-life situations, our cognitive system must often cope with signal instabilities such as sudden breaks, mispronunciations, interfering noises or reverberations potentially causing disruptions at the acoustic/phonetic interface and preventing efficient lexical access and semantic integration. The physiological mechanisms allowing listeners to react instantaneously to such fast and unexpected perturbations in order to maintain intelligibility of the delivered message are still partly unknown. The present electroencephalography (EEG) study aimed at investigating the cortical responses to real-time detection of a sudden acoustic/phonetic change occurring in connected speech and how these mechanisms interfere with semantic integration. Participants listened to sentences in which final words could contain signal reversals along the temporal dimension (time-reversed speech) of varying durations and could have either a low- or high-cloze probability within sentence context. Results revealed that early detection of the acoustic/phonetic change elicited a fronto-central negativity shortly after the onset of the manipulation that matched the spatio-temporal features of the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) recorded in the same participants during an oddball paradigm. Time reversal also affected late event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting semantic expectancies (N400) differently when words were predictable or not from the sentence context. These findings are discussed in the context of brain signatures to transient acoustic/phonetic variations in speech. They contribute to a better understanding of natural speech comprehension as they show that acoustic/phonetic information and semantic knowledge strongly interact under adverse conditions
Natural Language Processing for aviation safety reports: from classification to interactive analysis

International audienceIn this paper we describe the different NLP techniques designed and used in collaboration between the CLLE-ERSS research laboratory and the CFH / Safety Data company to manage and analyse aviation incident reports. These reports are written every time anything abnormal occurs during a civil air flight. Although most of them relate routine problems, they are a valuable source of information about possible sources of greater danger. These texts are written in plain language, show a wide range of linguistic variation (telegraphic style overcrowded by acronyms or standard prose) and exist in different languages, even for a single company/country (although our main focus is on English and French). In addition to their variety, their sheer quantity (e.g. 600/month for a large airline company) clearly requires the use of advanced NLP and text mining techniques in order to extract useful information from them. Although this context and objectives seem to indicate that standard NLP techniques can be applied in a straightforward manner, innovative techniques are required to handle the specifics of aviation report text and the complex classification systems. We present several tools that aim at a better access to this data (classification and information retrieval), and help aviation safety experts in their analyses (data/text mining and interactive analysis). Some of these tools are currently in test or in use both at the national and international levels, by airline companies as well as by regulation authorities (DGAC, EASA , ICAO)
Developing performance audit in Spanish local government: an empirical study of a way forward

Like many developed countries, public services in Spain are facing a prolonged period of financial austerity. Consequently, most parts of the Spanish public sector have to give consideration to various aspects of public services, including the means for improving existing performance. Performance audit is seen as a key means for improving performance in Spanish local government but the approach is not as well developed as in many other countries. This paper is an empirically based study of the current situation regarding performance audit in the Spanish local government sector and provides pointers as to how this approach might be strengthened
A space-time approach in digital image correlation: Movie-DIC

International audienceA new method is proposed to estimate arbitrary velocity fields from a time series of images acquired by a single camera. This approach, here focused on a single spatial plus a time dimension, is specialized to the decomposition of the velocity field over rectangular shaped (finite-element) bilinear shape functions. It is therefore assumed that the velocity field is essentially aligned along one direction. The use of a time sequence over which the velocity is assumed to have a smooth temporal change allows one to use elements whose spatial extension is much smaller than in traditional digital image correlation based on successive image pairs. This method is first qualified by using synthetic numerical test cases, and then applied to a dynamic tensile test performed on a tantalum specimen. Improvements with respect to classical digital image correlation techniques are observed in terms of spatial resolution
Understanding the increase in parents’ involvement in organized youth sports

© 2016 The Author(s). Published by Taylor & Francis.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way.

Permission is granted subject to the terms of the License under which the work was published. Please check the License conditions for the work which you wish to reuse. Full and appropriate attribution must be given. This permission does not cover any third party copyrighted material which may appear in the work requested.As part of an ethnographic study on young people and learning (the knowledge in motion across contexts of learning project, set in Norway), we interviewed a diverse sample of parents of young teenagers, many of whom were active in organized sports. The parents described their level of involvement in sport in a way that contrasted sharply to our own experiences participating in youth sports in the 1970s and 1980s. Back then most parents were absent from the sports fields. This new role of sports in the practice of parenthood is what we investigate in this study. The purpose is to further the understanding of the cultural processes that drive what we see as a marked generational change in the relationship between organized sports and the practice of parenthood. In contrast to previous studies, we also focus on the relationship between generational change and classed patterns in parenting. Our data suggest that across social classes, parents see involvement in sports as normal, and as a way to connect to the child emotionally and to further the child's development. We interpret the significance of sports in the parent–child relationship as related both to the normalization of youth sports that the parents experienced when they grew up, and to the new cultural ideas of parenthood that they encounter as adults. We find that there are tensions embedded in this new form of parenthood that are particularly evident in what we call ‘deep involvement’, an intensified form of parental engagement with youth sports that is practiced primarily by fathers in the economic fraction of the middle class. We conclude that the new role of sport in the practice of parenthood is a classed as well as a generational phenomenon.Seksjon for kultur og samfunn / Department of Cultural and Social Studie
Crystal Structure and Solid-State Properties of Discrete Hexa Cationic Trinuclear Zinc Triazole Cluster

A linear trinuclear cluster of the type [{Zn3(HTrz)6(H2O)6}6+(NO3 -)6(H2O)] (ZnT) has been synthesized by one-pot reaction between 1,2,4-triazole and Zn(NO3).6H2O. Molecule consists of three Zn2++ ions linearly connected by 1,2,4-triazole with tri-fold symmetry. The coordination geometry around the zinc centre is octahedral with zinc-zinc separation of 3.810 Å. The coordination environment of central Zn2++ ion is satisfied by nitrogen atoms of six 1,2,4-triazoles, while the geometry of terminal Zn2++ ions is fulfilled by nitrogen atoms of three 1,2,4-triazoles and three water molecules. The thermal and absorption properties of ZnThave been reported for the first time
Component-Oriented Programming with Sharing: Containment is not Ownership

International audienceComponent-oriented programming yields a tension between higher-order features (deployment, reconfiguration, passivation), encapsulation, and component sharing. We propose a discipline for component-oriented programming to address this issue, and we define a process calculus whose operational semantics embodies this programming discipline. We present several examples that illustrate how the calculus supports component sharing, while allowing strong encapsulation and higher-order primitives