pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On the local unitary equivalence of states of multi-partite systems

Two pure states of a multi-partite system are alway are related by a unitary
transformation acting on the Hilbert space of the whole system. This
transformation involves multi-partite transformations. On the other hand some
quantum information protocols such as the quantum teleportation and quantum
dense coding are based on equivalence of some classes of states of bi-partite
systems under the action of local (one-particle) unitary operations. In this
paper we address the question: ``Under what conditions are the two states
states, $\varrho$ and $\sigma$, of a multi-partite system locally unitary
equivalent?'' We present a set of conditions which have to be satisfied in
order that the two states are locally unitary equivalent. In addition, we study
whether it is possible to prepare a state of a multi-qudit system. which is
divided into two parts A and B, by unitary operations acting only on the
systems A and B, separately.Comment: 6 revtex pages, 1 figur
The changing geography of globalized service provision, 2000–2008

This is a preprint of an article whose final and definitive form has been published in The Service Industries Journal © 2011 [© Taylor & Francis]; The Service Industries Journal is available online at: www.tandfonline.com and the published article is available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02642069.2010.503887This empirical paper maps changes in the global geography of advanced\ud
producer service provision across major cities in the 2000-2008 period. The\ud
analyses are based on a systematic assessment of geographical shifts in the\ud
office networks of leading firms in finance, management consultancy,\ud
accountancy, advertising and law, using measures of inter-city connectivity. It\ud
has been previously shown that there has been a general shift of these\ud
services from ‘West to East’. In this paper, variations in the degree and\ud
pattern of this global shift among the different sectors are described and\ud
interpreted. The results point to an inherent complexity in economic\ud
globalization that is sometimes overlooked in general descriptions of the\ud
meta-process
Fine asymptotic behavior in eigenvalues of random normal matrices:
  Ellipse Case

We consider the random normal matrices with quadratic external potentials
where the associated orthogonal polynomials are Hermite polynomials and the
limiting support (called droplet) of the eigenvalues is an ellipse. We
calculate the density of the eigenvalues near the boundary of the droplet up to
the second subleading corrections and express the subleading corrections in
terms of the curvature of the droplet boundary. From this result we
additionally get the expected number of eigenvalues outside the droplet. We
also obtain the asymptotics of the kernel and found that, in the bulk, the
correction term is exponentially small. This leads to the vanishing of certain
Cauchy transform of the orthogonal polynomial in the bulk of the droplet up to
an exponentially small error.Comment: 39 pages, 5 figures. Extended version: Theorem 1.2, Theorem 1.4,
  Section 6 and Section 7.3 are ne
Planck 2015 results. XIX. Constraints on primordial magnetic fields

We compute and investigate four types of imprint of a stochastic background
of primordial magnetic fields (PMFs) on the cosmic microwave background (CMB)
anisotropies: the impact of PMFs on the CMB spectra; the effect on CMB
polarization induced by Faraday rotation; the impact of PMFs on the ionization
history; magnetically-induced non-Gaussianities; and the magnetically-induced
breaking of statistical isotropy. Overall, Planck data constrain the amplitude
of PMFs to less than a few nanogauss. In particular, individual limits coming
from the analysis of the CMB angular power spectra, using the Planck
likelihood, are $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}< 4.4$ nG (where $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}$ is
the comoving field amplitude at a scale of 1 Mpc) at 95% confidence level,
assuming zero helicity, and $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}< 5.6$ nG for a maximally
helical field.For nearly scale-invariant PMFs we obtain
$B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}<2.0$ nG and $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}<0.9$ nG if the impact of
PMFs on the ionization history of the Universe is included. From the analysis
of magnetically-induced non-Gaussianity we obtain three different values,
corresponding to three applied methods, all below 5 nG. The constraint from the
magnetically-induced passive-tensor bispectrum is $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}< 2.8$
nG. A search for preferred directions in the magnetically-induced passive
bispectrum yields $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}< 4.5$ nG, whereas the the
compensated-scalar bispectrum gives $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}< 3$ nG. The analysis
of the Faraday rotation of CMB polarization by PMFs uses the Planck power
spectra in $EE$ and $BB$ at 70 GHz and gives $B_{1\,\mathrm{Mpc}}< 1380$ nG. In
our final analysis, we consider the harmonic-space correlations produced by
Alfv\'en waves, finding no significant evidence for the presence of these
waves. Together, these results comprise a comprehensive set of constraints on
possible PMFs with Planck data.Comment: 29 pages, 15 figures. Revised following referee repor
The Incidence of Low-Metallicity Lyman-Limit Systems at z~3.5:
  Implications for the Cold-Flow Hypothesis of Baryonic Accretion

Cold accretion is a primary growth mechanism of simulated galaxies, yet
observational evidence of "cold flows" at redshifts where they should be most
efficient ($z=2$-4) is scarce. In simulations, cold streams manifest as
Lyman-limit absorption systems (LLSs) with low heavy-element abundances similar
to those of the diffuse IGM. Here we report on an abundance survey of 17 H
I-selected LLSs at $z=3.2$-4.4 which exhibit no metal absorption in SDSS
spectra. Using medium-resolution spectra obtained at Magellan, we derive
ionization-corrected metallicities (or limits) with a Markov-Chain Monte Carlo
sampling that accounts for the large uncertainty in $N_{\rm HI}$ measurements
typical of LLSs. The metal-poor LLS sample overlaps with the IGM in metallicity
and is best described by a model where $71^{+13}_{-11}\%$ are drawn from the
IGM chemical abundance distribution. These represent roughly half of all LLSs
at these redshifts, suggesting that 28-40$\%$ of the general LLS population at
$z\sim3.7$ could trace unprocessed gas. An ancillary sample of ten LLSs without
any a priori metal-line selection is best fit with $48^{+14}_{-12}\%$ of
metallicities drawn from the IGM. We compare these results with regions of a
moving-mesh simulation; the simulation finds only half as many baryons in
IGM-metallicity LLSs, and most of these lie beyond the virial radius of the
nearest galaxy halo. A statistically significant fraction of all LLSs have low
metallicity and therefore represent candidates for accreting gas; large-volume
simulations can establish what fraction of these candidates actually lie near
galaxies and the observational prospects for detecting the presumed hosts in
emission.Comment: 19 pages, 17 figures; Submitted to ApJ; Corrected figure 16
Invariants in the Yukawa system's thermodynamic phase diagram

This paper shows that several known properties of the Yukawa system can be
derived from the isomorph theory, which applies to any system that has strong
correlations between its virial and potential-energy equilibrium fluctuations.
Such "Roskilde-simple" systems have a simplified thermodynamic phase diagram
deriving from the fact that they have curves (isomorphs) along which structure
and dynamics in reduced units are invariant to a good approximation. We show
that the Yukawa system has strong virial potential-energy correlations and
identify its isomorphs by two different methods. One method, the so-called
direct isomorph check, identifies isomorphs numerically from jumps of
relatively small density changes (here 10%). The second method identifies
isomorphs analytically from the pair potential. The curves obtained by the two
methods are close to each other; these curves are confirmed to be isomorphs by
demonstrating the invariance of the radial distribution function, the static
structure factor, the mean-square displacement as a function of time, and the
incoherent intermediate scattering function. Since the melting line is
predicted to be an isomorph, the theory provides a derivation of a known
approximate analytical expression for this line in the temperature-density
phase diagram. The paper's results give the first demonstration that the
isomorph theory can be applied to systems like dense colloidal suspensions and
strongly coupled dusty plasmas.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figure
Organic carbon and mineral nutrient limitation of oxygen consumption, bacterial growth and efficiency in the Norwegian Sea

To evaluate the role of bacteria in the transformation
of organic matter in subarctic waters, we
investigated the effect of mineral nutrients (ammonia and
phosphate) and organic carbon (glucose) enrichment on
heterotrophic bacterial processes and community structure.
Eight experiments were done in the Norwegian Sea during
May and June 2008. The growth-limiting factor (carbon or
mineral nutrient) for heterotrophic bacteria was inferred
from the combination of nutrient additions that stimulated
highest bacterial oxygen consumption, biomass, production,
growth rate and bacterial efficiency. We conclude that
heterotrophic bacteria were limited by organic carbon and
co-limited by mineral nutrients during the prevailing early
nano-phytoplankton (1–10 lm) bloom conditions. High
nucleic acid (HNA) bacteria became dominant ([80%)
only when labile carbon and mineral nutrient sources were
available. Changes in bacterial community structure were
investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis
(DGGE) of polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified
16S ribosomal RNA genes. The bacterial community
structure changed during incubation time, but neither carbon
nor mineral nutrient amendment induced changes at
the end of the experiments. The lack of labile organic
carbon and the availability of mineral nutrients are key
factors controlling bacterial activity and the role of the
microbial food web in carbon sequestration
Identification of a SIRT1 mutation in a family with type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is caused by autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction leading to insulin deficiency. The histone deacetylase SIRT1 plays an essential role in modulating several age-related diseases. Here we describe a family carrying a mutation in the SIRT1 gene, in which all five affected members developed an autoimmune disorder: four developed type 1 diabetes, and one developed ulcerative colitis. Initially, a 26-year-old man was diagnosed with the typical features of type 1 diabetes, including lean body mass, autoantibodies, T cell reactivity to β cell antigens, and a rapid dependence on insulin. Direct and exome sequencing identified the presence of a T-to-C exchange in exon 1 of SIRT1, corresponding to a leucine-to-proline mutation at residue 107. Expression of SIRT1-L107P in insulin-producing cells resulted in overproduction of nitric oxide, cytokines, and chemokines. These observations identify a role for SIRT1 in human autoimmunity and unveil a monogenic form of type 1 diabetes
Spin-dependent terahertz oscillator based on hybrid graphene superlattices

We theoretically study the occurrence of Bloch oscillations in biased hybrid graphene systems with spin-dependent superlattices. The spin-dependent potential is realized by a set of ferromagnetic insulator strips deposited on top of a gapped graphene nanoribbon, which induce a proximity exchange splitting of the electronic states in the graphene monolayer. We numerically solve the Dirac equation and study Bloch oscillations in the lowest conduction band of the spin-dependent superlattice. While the Bloch frequency is the same for both spins, we find the Bloch amplitude to be spin dependent. This difference results in a spin-polarized ac electric current in the THz range
Creative labour and graduate outcomes : Implications for higher education and cultural policy

One of the principal ways that cultural and higher education policy and practice intersect is over a shared concern with the supply of talent and its employability and career sustainability. This article considers the multidisciplinary contributions to these debates, and then engages with these debates by drawing upon research from analyses of national Census data, and via granular empirical survey research into Australian creative arts graduates’ initial career trajectories. In so doing, it seeks to paint a more nuanced picture of graduate outcomes, the significance of creative skills and by extension creative education and training, and the various kinds of value that creative graduates add through their work. This evidence should assist in a closer affinity between the differing approaches to creative labour and the creative economy, and has implications for cultural and higher education policy
Quadrature-formulas on the unit-circle based on rational functions

Quadrature formulas on the unit circle were introduced by Jones et al. in 1989. On the other hand, Bultheel et al. also considered such quadratures by giving results concerning error and convergence. In other recent papers, a more general situation was studied by the authors involving orthogonal rational functions on the unit circle which generalize the well-known Szego polynomials. In this paper, these quadratures are again analyzed and results about convergence given. Furthermore, an application to the Poisson integral is also made.status: publishe
Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors

We present a full result for the 2+1 flavor QCD equation of state. All the systematics are controlled, the quark masses are set to their physical values, and the continuum extrapolation is carried out. This extends our previous studies (Aoki et al., 2006 [18]; Borsanyi et al., 2010 [14]) to even finer lattices and now includes ensembles with Nt=6Nt=6, 8, 10, 12 up to Nt=16. We use a Symanzik improved gauge and a stout-link improved staggered fermion action. Our findings confirm our earlier results. In order to facilitate the direct use of our equation of state we make our tabulated results available for download [33]
Exploration of the tensor structure of the Higgs boson coupling to weak bosons in e + e − collisions

Probing signatures of anomalous interactions of the Higgs boson with pairs of weak vector bosons is an important goal of an e + e − collider commissioned as a Higgs factory. We perform a detailed analysis of such potential of a collider operating at 250 − 300 GeV. Mostly using higher dimensional operators in a gauge-invariant framework, we show that substantial information on anomalous couplings can be extracted from the total rates of s -and t -channel Higgs production. The most obvious kinematic distributions, based on angular dependence of matrix elements, are relatively less sensitive with moderate coefficients of anomalous couplings, unless one goes to higher centre-of-mass energies. Some important quantities to use here, apart from the total event rates, are the ratios of event rates at different energies, ratios of s -and t -channel rates at fixed energies, and under some fortunate circumstances, the correlated changes in the rates for W -boson pair-production. A general scheme of calculating rates with as many as four gauge-invariant operators is also outlined. At the end, we perform a likelihood analysis using phenomenological parametrization of anomalous HWW interaction, and indicate their distinguishability for illustrative values of the strength of such interactions
Decrypting SO(10) -inspired leptogenesis

Encouraged by the recent results from neutrino oscillation experiments, we perform an analytical study of SO(10) -inspired models and leptogenesis with hierarchical right-handed (RH) neutrino spectrum. Under the approximation of negligible misalignment between the neutrino Yukawa basis and the charged lepton basis, we find an analytical expression for the final asymmetry directly in terms of the low energy neutrino parameters that fully reproduces previous numerical results. This expression also shows that it is possible to identify an effective leptogenesis phase for these models. When we also impose the wash-out of a large pre-existing asymmetry NB−Lp,i , the strong thermal (ST) condition, we derive analytically all those constraints on the low energy neutrino parameters that characterise the ST- SO(10) -inspired leptogenesis solution, confirming previous numerical results. In particular we show why, though neutrino masses have to be necessarily normally ordered, the solution implies an analytical lower bound on the effective neutrino-less double beta decay neutrino mass, mee≳8 meV , for NB−Lp,i=10−3 , testable with next generation experiments. This, in combination with an upper bound on the atmospheric mixing angle, necessarily in the first octant, forces the lightest neutrino mass within a narrow range m1≃(10–30) meV (corresponding to ∑imi≃(75–125) meV ). We also show why the solution could correctly predict a non-vanishing reactor neutrino mixing angle and requires the Dirac phase to be in the fourth quadrant, implying sin⁡δ (and JCP ) negative as hinted by current global analyses. Many of the analytical results presented (expressions for the orthogonal matrix, RH neutrino mixing matrix, masses and phases) can have applications beyond leptogenesis
Minimal lepton flavor violation implications of the b → s anomalies

The latest measurements of rare b → s decays in the LHCb experiment have led to results in tension with the predictions of the standard model (SM), including a tentative indication of the violation of lepton flavor universality. Assuming that this situation will persist because of new physics, we explore some of the potential consequences in the context of the SM extended with the seesaw mechanism involving right-handed neutrinos plus effective dimension-six lepton-quark operators under the framework of minimal flavor violation. We focus on a couple of such operators which can accommodate the LHCb anomalies and conform to the minimal flavor violation hypothesis in both their lepton and quark parts. We examine specifically the lepton-flavor-violating decays B → K (∗) ℓℓ′, B s → ϕ ℓℓ′, B → (π , ρ )ℓℓ′, and B d,s → ℓℓ′, as well as K L → eμ and K → πeμ , induced by such operators. The estimated branching fractions of some of these decay modes with μτ in the final states are allowed by the pertinent experimental constraints to reach a few times 10 −7 if other operators do not yield competitive effects. We also look at the implications for B → K (∗) νν and K → πνν , finding that their rates can be a few times larger than their SM values. These results are testable in future experiments
Phase behavior of attractive and repulsive ramp fluids: Integral equation and computer simulation studies

Using computer simulations and a thermodynamically self-consistent integral equation we investigate the phase behavior and thermodynamic anomalies of a fluid composed of spherical particles interacting via a two-scale ramp potential (a hard core plus a repulsive and an attractive ramp) and the corresponding purely repulsive model. Both simulation and integral equation results predict a liquid-liquid demixing when attractive forces are present, in addition to a gas-liquid transition. Furthermore, a fluid-solid transition emerges in the neighborhood of the liquid-liquid transition region, leading to a phase diagram with a somewhat complicated topology. This solidification at moderate densities is also present in the repulsive ramp fluid, but in this case inhibits the fluid-fluid separation. ©2007 American Institute of PhysicsDirección\ud
General de Investigación Científica y Técnica under Grant\ud
No. FIS2004-02954-C03-01\ud
\ud
Dirección General de\ud
Universidades e Investigación de la Comunidad de Madrid\ud
under Grant No. S0505/ESP/0299, program MOSSNOHO-CMPeer reviewe
Autistic traits,ADHD symptoms,neurological soft signs and regional cerebral blood &#64258;ow in adults with autism spectrum disorders

The resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) patterns related to co-occurring symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, neurological soft signs and motor problems have not yet been disclosed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this study thirteen adults with ASD and ten matched neurotypical controls underwent PET. The scores of rating scales for autistic traits, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and neurological soft signs were included in a factorial analysis and correlated with rCBF. Factors corresponding to \u27\u27autistic/ADHD traits\u27\u27, \u27\u27sensory-motor integration\u27\u27 and \u27\u27Intelligence/Motor sequencing\u27\u27 were identified. In the ASD group, positive correlations with CBF were found for \u27\u27autistic/ADHD traits\u27\u27 in caudate bilaterally and the inferior parietal lobule, for \u27\u27sensory-motor integration\u27\u27 in parieto-occipital cortex and for \u27\u27Intelligence/Motor sequencing\u27\u27 in the right temporal cortex. Notably, CBF in the left thalamus correlated negatively with all three factors. Autistic traits and ADHD symptoms were associated with shared neural substrates. The correlation between \u27\u27autistic/ADHD traits\u27\u27 and rCBF in the caudate is possibly associated with the executive impairments and ritualistic/stereotyped behaviors apparent in ASD. Furthermore, sensory-motor deficits were correlated with rCBF in the occipital visual cortex, involved in atypical visual perception in ASD. Various behavioral and neurological symptoms are suggested to converge into the ASD phenotype
A mega-analysis of genome-wide association studies for major depressive disorder.

To access publisher's full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field.Prior genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of major depressive disorder (MDD) have met with limited success. We sought to increase statistical power to detect disease loci by conducting a GWAS mega-analysis for MDD. In the MDD discovery phase, we analyzed more than 1.2 million autosomal and X chromosome single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 18 759 independent and unrelated subjects of recent European ancestry (9240 MDD cases and 9519 controls). In the MDD replication phase, we evaluated 554 SNPs in independent samples (6783 MDD cases and 50 695 controls). We also conducted a cross-disorder meta-analysis using 819 autosomal SNPs with P<0.0001 for either MDD or the Psychiatric GWAS Consortium bipolar disorder (BIP) mega-analysis (9238 MDD cases/8039 controls and 6998 BIP cases/7775 controls). No SNPs achieved genome-wide significance in the MDD discovery phase, the MDD replication phase or in pre-planned secondary analyses (by sex, recurrent MDD, recurrent early-onset MDD, age of onset, pre-pubertal onset MDD or typical-like MDD from a latent class analyses of the MDD criteria). In the MDD-bipolar cross-disorder analysis, 15 SNPs exceeded genome-wide significance (P<5 × 10(-8)), and all were in a 248 kb interval of high LD on 3p21.1 (chr3:52 425 083-53 822 102, minimum P=5.9 × 10(-9) at rs2535629). Although this is the largest genome-wide analysis of MDD yet conducted, its high prevalence means that the sample is still underpowered to detect genetic effects typical for complex traits. Therefore, we were unable to identify robust and replicable findings. We discuss what this means for genetic research for MDD. The 3p21.1 MDD-BIP finding should be interpreted with caution as the most significant SNP did not replicate in MDD samples, and genotyping in independent samples will be needed to resolve its status