pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for W' decaying to tau lepton and neutrino in proton-proton
  collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The first search for a heavy charged vector boson in the final state with a
tau lepton and a neutrino is reported, using 19.7 inverse femtobarns of LHC
data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. A signal would appear as an excess of events in
kinematic regions where the standard model background is low. No excess is
observed. Limits are set on a model in which the W' decays preferentially to
fermions of the third generation. These results substantially extend previous
constraints on this model. Masses below 2.0 to 2.7 TeV are excluded, depending
on the model parameters. In addition, the existence of a W' boson with
universal fermion couplings is excluded at 95% confidence level, for W' masses
below 2.7 TeV. For further reinterpretation a model-independent limit on
potential signals for various transverse mass thresholds is also presented.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference. All
  figures and tables, including supplementary figures, can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-12-011/index.htm
Exotic $\mu\tau j j$ events from heavy ISS neutrinos at the LHC

In this letter we study new relevant phenomenological consequences of the
right-handed heavy neutrinos with masses at the ${\cal O}(1)$ TeV energy scale,
working within the context of the Inverse Seesaw Model that includes three
pairs of quasi-degenerate pseudo-Dirac heavy neutrinos. We propose a new exotic
signal of these heavy neutrinos at the CERN Large Hadron Collider containing a
muon, a tau lepton, and two jets in the final state, which is based on the
interesting fact that this model can incorporate large Lepton Flavor Violation
for specific choices of the relevant parameters, particularly, the neutrino
Yukawa couplings. We will show here that an observable number of $\mu\tau jj$
exotic events, without missing energy, can be produced at this ongoing run of
the LHC.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures. This version v3 matches the manuscript published
  in Physics Letters
Shift and broadening of hyperfine components of the first doublet of cesium perturbed by foreign gases

The collision broadening and shift of the hyperfine structure components of the ground-state splitting for the D_1 (8943 Å) and D_2  (8521 Å) cesium lines by noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, and Xe) and by light molecular gases (H_2 and N_2) under pressures not greater than 150 Torr and at a temperature of 295 K are investigated. The Lennard-Jones (12-6) interatomic potential constants are calculated for these systems, using the semiclassical theory of Lindholm-Foley (for Cs with Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and N_2 systems) and the quantum theory of Baranger (for Cs with He and H_2 systems), by comparing with our experimental results in fine structure. These potential constants are employed for the determination of the shift and broadening in hyperfine structure, using the hyperfine theory of collision broadening
An extension of Bochner's problem: exceptional invariant subspaces

We prove an extension of Bochner's classical result that characterizes the classical polynomial families as eigenfunctions of a second-order differential operator with polynomial coefficients. The extended result involves considering differential operators with rational coefficients and the requirement is that they have a numerable sequence of polynomial eigenfunctions p(1), p(2),.. of all degrees except for degree zero. The main theorem of the paper provides a characterization of all such differential operators. The existence of such differential operators and polynomial sequences is based on the concept of exceptional polynomial subspaces, and the converse part of the main theorem rests on the classification of codimension one exceptional subspaces under projective transformations, which is performed in this paper
ttH anomalous coupling in double Higgs production

We study the effects of top-Higgs anomalous coupling in the production of a pair of Higgs boson via gluon fusion at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The introduction of anomalous ttH coupling can alter the hadronic double Higgs boson cross section and can lead to characteristic changes in certain kinematic distributions. We perform a global analysis based on available LHC data on the Higgs to constrain the parameters of ttH anomalous coupling. Possible overlap of the predictions due to anomalous ttH coupling with those due to anomalous trilinear Higgs coupling is also studied. We briefly discuss the effect of the anomalous ttH coupling on the HZ production via gluon fusion which is one of the main backgrounds in the HH → γγb $ \overline{b} $ channel
New phases in O’Raifeartaigh-like models and R -symmetry breaking

We study N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ = 1 models in which supersymmetry and R -symmetry are broken spontaneously. We find that even the simplest well-known O’Raifeartaigh-like models exhibit previously unnoticed phases and dynamics. D-terms play an important role in the dynamics, creating a runaway behavior at tree-level which is stabilized radiatively at a large scale. This leads to a dynamically-generated hierarchy of scales. Additionally, this mechanism generically leads to a spontaneously broken R -symmetry without fine tuning the couplings of the theory. These are some of the simplest known models that break the R -symmetry spontaneously
Extending two-Higgs-doublet models by a singlet scalar field — The case for dark matter

We extend the two-Higgs doublet models of Type I and Type II by adding a real gauge-singlet scalar S dark matter candidate (2HDMS models). We impose theoretical constraints deriving from perturbativity, stability, unitarity and correct electroweak symmetry breaking and require that the lightest CP-even Higgs, h , fit the LHC data for the ∼ 125 . 5 GeV state at the 68% C.L. after including existing constraints from LEP and B physics and LHC limits on the heavier Higgs bosons. We find that these models are easily consistent with the LUX and SuperCDMS limits on dark-matter-Nucleon scattering and the observed Ω h 2 for S masses above about 55 GeV. At lower m S , the situation is more delicate. For points with m S in the 6-25 GeV range corresponding to the CDMS II and CRESST-II positive signal ranges, the dark-matter-Nucleon cross sections predicted by the Type I and Type II models more or less automatically fall within the 95%–99% C.L. signal region boundaries. Were it not for the LUX and SuperCDMS limits, which exclude all (almost all) such points in the case of Type I (Type II), this would be a success for the 2HDMS models. In fact, in the case of Type II there are a few points with 5 . 5 GeV ≲ mS ≲ 6 . 2 GeV that survive the LUX and SuperCDMS limits and fall within the CDMS II 99% C.L. signal region. Possibilities for dark matter to be isospin-violating in this 2HDMS context are also examined
Trends in chemotherapy for elderly patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: In approximately the year 2000, the results of a number of important studies of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were published. METHODS: Between July 1992 and December 2003, 223 patients with NSCLC aged > or = 70 years received chemotherapy alone as their initial treatment at the National Cancer Center Hospital East. These patients were divided into 2 groups: those that began treatment between 1992 and 1999 (group A) and between 2000 and 2003 (group B). The details of chemotherapy regimens and outcomes were compared. RESULTS: In group A, 83% of patients received platinum-based chemotherapy, two-thirds of these regimens comprised platinumplus second-generation combination chemotherapy. In contrast, although 55% of patients received platinum-based chemotherapy in group B, 41% of patients received non-platinum-based chemotherapy. Among patients in group B, performance status was significantly associated with the selection of platinum-based or non-platinum-based chemotherapy; age was marginally associated with this selection. Median survival time (MST), 1-year survival rate, and 2-year survival rate were 6.7 months, 14%, and 7%, respectively, in group A, and 8.1 months, 35%, and 20% in group B (p=0.0109). Multivariate analysis revealed that clinical stage and administration of salvage chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: In and after the year 2000, chemotherapy regimens changed greatly and survival of elderly patients significantly improved in our institute, and this improvement appears to be attributable mostly to the effect of salvage chemotherapy. These results suggest that even elderly patients should be offered salvage chemotherapy regardless of age, if possible
Reciprocal relations between workplace bullying, anxiety and vigor: A two-wave longitudinal study

Background and Objectives: Workplace bullying has been classified as an extreme social stressor in work contexts and has been repeatedly linked to several negative consequences. However, little research has examined reversed or reciprocal relations of bullying and outcomes. Design: We conducted a two-wave longitudinal study with a time lag of six months. Methods: The study sample consisted of 348 employees of the Spanish workforce. The present study examined longitudinal relationships between workplace bullying, psychological health, and well-being. On the basis of conservation of resources theory, we hypothesized that we would find reciprocal relations among study variables over time. Results: Results of cross-lagged structural equation modeling analyses supported our hypotheses. Specifically, it was found that Time 1 (T1) workplace bullying was negatively related to Time 2 (T2) vigor and positively related to T2 anxiety. Additionally, T1 anxiety and vigor had an effect on T2 workplace bullying. Conclusions: Overall, these findings support the validity of the theoretical models postulating a reciprocal bullying–outcome relationship, rather than simple one-way causal pathways approaches
Multi-wavelength observations of PKS 2155-304 with HESS

The High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) has observed the high-frequency peaked BL Lac object PKS 2155-304 in 2003 between October 19 and November 26 in Very High Energy (VHE) $\gamma$-rays ( $E\geq 160\,\rm GeV$ for these observations). Observations were carried out simultaneously with the Proportional Counter Array (PCA) on board the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer satellite (RXTE), the Robotic Optical Transient Search Experiment (ROTSE) and the Nançay decimetric radiotelescope (NRT). Intra-night variability is seen in the VHE band, the source being detected with a high significance on each night it was observed. Variability is also found in the X-ray and optical bands on kilosecond timescales, along with flux-dependent spectral changes in the X-rays. A transient X-ray event with a 1500 s timescale is detected, making this the fastest X-ray flare seen in this object. No correlation can be established between the X-ray and the $\gamma$-ray fluxes, or any of the other wavebands, over the small range of observed variability. The average HESS spectrum shows a very soft power law shape with a photon index of $3.37 \pm 0.07_{\rm stat} \pm 0.10_{\rm sys}$. The energy outputs in the 2- $10\,\rm keV$ and in the VHE $\gamma$-ray range are found to be similar, with the X-rays and the optical fluxes at a level comparable to some of the lowest historical measurements, indicating that PKS 2155-304 was in a low or quiescent state during the observations. Both a leptonic and a hadronic model are used to derive source parameters from these observations. These parameters are found to be sensitive to the model of Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) that attenuates the VHE signal at this source's redshift (z=0.117).Peer-reviewedPublisher Version10053
Universal Gestational Age Effects on Cognitive and Basic Mathematic Processing: 2 Cohorts in 2 Countries

See related article Bullying of Preterm Children and Emotional Problems at School Age: Cross-Culturally Invariant Effects http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022347615002267Objective\ud
\ud
To determine whether general cognitive ability, basic mathematic processing, and mathematic attainment are universally affected by gestation at birth, as well as whether mathematic attainment is more strongly associated with cohort-specific factors such as schooling than basic cognitive and mathematical abilities.\ud
\ud
Study design\ud
\ud
The Bavarian Longitudinal Study (BLS, 1289 children, 27-41 weeks gestational age [GA]) was used to estimate effects of GA on IQ, basic mathematic processing, and mathematic attainment. These estimations were used to predict IQ, mathematic processing, and mathematic attainment in the EPICure Study (171 children <26 weeks GA).\ud
\ud
Results\ud
\ud
For children born <34 weeks GA, each lower week decreased IQ and mathematic attainment scores by 2.34 (95% CI: −2.99, −1.70) and 2.76 (95% CI: −3.40, −2.11) points, respectively. There were no differences among children born 34-41 weeks GA. Similarly, for children born <36 weeks GA, mathematic processing scores decreased by 1.77 (95% CI: −2.20, −1.34) points with each lower GA week. The prediction function generated using BLS data accurately predicted the effect of GA on IQ and mathematic processing among EPICure children. However, these children had better attainment than predicted by BLS.\ud
\ud
Conclusions\ud
\ud
Prematurity has adverse effects on basic mathematic processing following birth at all gestations <36 weeks and on IQ and mathematic attainment <34 weeks GA. The ability to predict IQ and mathematic processing scores from one cohort to another among children cared for in different eras and countries suggests that universal neurodevelopmental factors may explain the effects of gestation at birth. In contrast, mathematic attainment may be improved by schooling.Supported by the Nuffield Foundation (EDU/40442) and the German Research Foundation (JA 1913).Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Catastrophic emplacement of giant landslides aided by thermal decomposition : Heart Mountain, Wyoming.\ud

The Heart Mountain landslide of northwest Wyoming is the largest known sub-aerial landslide on Earth. During its emplacement more than 2000 km3 of Paleozoic sedimentary and Eocene volcanic rocks slid >45 km on a basal detachment surface dipping 2°, leading to 100 yr of debate regarding the emplacement mechanisms. Recently, emplacement by catastrophic sliding has been favored, but experimental evidence in support of this is lacking. Here we show in friction experiments on carbonate rocks taken from the landslide that at slip velocities of several meters per second CO2 starts to degas due to thermal decomposition induced by flash heating after only a few hundred microns of slip. This is associated with the formation of vesicular degassing rims in dolomite clasts and a crystalline calcite cement that closely resemble microstructures in the basal slip zone of the natural landslide. Our experimental results are consistent with an emplacement mechanism whereby catastrophic slip was aided by carbonate decomposition and release of CO2, allowing the huge upper plate rock mass to slide over a ‘cushion’ of pressurized material
A socioemotional wealth perspective on how collaboration intensity, trust, and international market knowledge affect family firms’ multinationality.

Internationalization theory does not account for the priority family firms place on socioemotional wealth (SEW). This can reshape how critical theoretical dimensions of collaboration intensity, network trust, and international market knowledge exert their effects. Bringing together the internationalization model of Johanson and Vahlne (2009) with SEW theory, our study of 334 German-speaking family firms reveals international market knowledge mediates the relationship between collaboration intensity and family firms’ multinationality. High network trust positively moderates the relationship between collaboration intensity and the acquisition of international market knowledge. Our work expands the predictive ability of Johanson and Vahlne’s (2009) important model
Fast spectral solution of the generalised Enskog equation for dense gases

We propose a fast spectral method for solving the generalized Enskog equation for dense gases. For elastic collisions, the method solves the Enskog collision operator with a computational cost of O(Md-1Nd logN), where d is the dimension of the velocity space, and Md-1 and Nd are the number of solid angle and velocity space discretizations, respectively. For inelastic collisions, the cost is N times higher. The accuracy of this fast spectral method is assessed by comparing our numerical results with analytical solutions of the spatially homogeneous relaxation of heated granular gases. We also compare our results for force driven Poiseuille flow and Fourier flow with those from molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. Although it is phenomenological, the generalized Enskog equation is capable of capturing the flow dynamics of dense granular gases, and the fast spectral method is accurate and efficient. As example applications, Fourier and Couette flows of a dense granular gas are investigated. In additional to the temperature profile, both the density and the high-energy tails in the velocity distribution functions are found to be strongly influenced by the restitution coefficient
$\mathcal{N}=2^\star$ from Topological Amplitudes in String Theory

In this paper, we explicitly construct string theory backgrounds that realise
the so-called $\mathcal N=2^\star$ gauge theory. We prove the consistency of
our models by calculating their partition function and obtaining the correct
gauge theory spectrum. We further provide arguments in favour of the
universality of our construction which covers a wide class of models all of
which engineer the same gauge theory. We reproduce the corresponding Nekrasov
partition function once the $\Omega$-deformation is included and the
appropriate field theory limit taken. This is achieved by calculating the
topological amplitudes $F_g$ in the string models. In addition to heterotic and
type II constructions, we also realise the mass deformation in type I theory,
thus leading to a natural way of uplifting the result to the instanton sector.Comment: 27 page
Geometry of Moduli Stacks of $(k,l)$-stable vector bundles over an
  algebraic curve

We study the geometry of the moduli stack of vector bundles of fixed rank and
degree over an algebraic curve by introducing a filtration made of open
substacks build from $(k, l)$-stable vector bundles. $(k, l)$-stability was
introduced by Narasimhan and Ramanan to study the geometry of the coarse moduli
space of stable bundles. We will exhibit the stacky picture and analyse the
geometric and cohomological properties of the moduli stacks of $(k, l)$-stable
vector bundles. For particular pairs $(k, l) $ of integers we also show that
these moduli stacks admit coarse moduli spaces and we discuss their interplay.Comment: Some typos corrected and minor clarifications. To appear: Journal of
  Geometry and Physic
Repertoires: How to Transform a Project into a Research Community

SubmittedArticleHow effectively communities of scientists come together and co-operate is crucial both to the quality of research outputs and to the extent to which such outputs integrate insights, data and methods from a variety of fields, laboratories and locations around the globe. This essay focuses on the ensemble of material and social conditions that makes it possible for a short-¬‐term collaboration, set up to accomplish a specific task, to give rise to relatively stable communities of researchers. We refer to these distinctive features as repertoires, and investigate their development and implementation across three examples of collaborative research in the life sciences. We conclude that whether a particular project ends up fostering the emergence of a resilient research community is partly determined by the degree of attention and care devoted by researchers to material and social elements beyond the specific research questions under consideration
High CD33-antigen loads in peripheral blood limit the efficacy of gemtuzumab ozogamicin |(Mylotarg®) treatment in acute myeloid leukemia patients

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (Mylotarg®) induces remission in approximately 30% of relapsed AML patients. We previously demonstrated that gemtuzumab infusion results in near-complete CD33 saturation in peripheral blood, and that saturating gemtuzumab levels result in continuous binding and internalization of gemtuzumab due to renewed CD33 expression. We now demonstrate that a high CD33-antigen load in peripheral blood is an independent adverse prognostic factor, likely due to peripheral consumption of gemtuzumab. Indeed, CD33 saturation in bone marrow is significantly reduced (40-90% saturation) as compared with CD33 saturation in corresponding peripheral blood samples (>90%). In vitro, such reduced CD33 saturation levels were strongly related with reduced cell kill. Apparently, high CD33-antigen loads in blood consume gemtuzumab and thereby limit its penetration into bone marrow. Consequently, CD33 saturation in bone marrow is reduced, which hampers efficient cell kill. Therefore, gemtuzumab should be administered at higher or repeated doses, or, preferably, after reduction of the leukemic cell burden by classical chemotherapy
Searches for Gauge-Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking Topologies in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions at LEP2

In gauge-mediated supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking (GMSB) models the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is the gravitino and the phenomenology is driven by the nature of the next-to-lightest SUSY particle (NLSP) which is either the lightest neutralino, the stau or mass degenerate sleptons. Since the NLSP decay length is effectively unconstrained, searches for all possible lifetime and NLSP topologies predicted by GMSB models in e+e- collisions are performed on the data sample collected by OPAL at centre-of-mass energies up to 209 GeV at LEP. Results independent of the NLSP lifetime are presented for all relevant final states including direct NLSP pair-production and, for the first time, also NLSP production via cascade decays of heavier SUSY particles. None of the searches shows evidence for SUSY particle production. Cross-section limits are presented at the 95% confidence level both for direct NLSP production and for cascade decays, providing the most general, almost model independent results. These results are then interpreted in the framework of the minimal GMSB (mGMSB) model, where large areas of the accessible parameter space are excluded. In the mGMSB model, the NLSP masses are constrained to be larger than 53.5 GeV/c^2, 87.4 GeV/c^2 and 91.9 GeV/c^2 in the neutralino, stau and slepton co-NLSP scenarios, respectively. A complete scan on the parameters of the mGMSB model is performed, constraining the universal SUSY mass scale Lambda from the direct SUSY particle searches: Lambda > 40, 27, 21, 17, 15 TeV/c^2 for messenger indices N=1, 2, 3, 4, 5 respectively, for all NLSP lifetimes