pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Satisfaction with faith-inspired health care services in Africa: review and evidence from household surveys

Patient service satisfaction has become a critical concept, utilized both in the assessment of quality of care and to predict a range of health-related behaviors and outcomes. What can be said about patient satisfaction with faith-inspired institutions (FIIs) in the African context in comparison with other providers, and especially public providers? Our objective in this paper is first to review what evidence there is in the literature that might cast light on the comparative satisfaction of patients with FII-health services in Africa today. Second, we present new evidence from household surveys in six African countries on satisfaction rates. Overall, the results suggest that satisfaction with the services provided by FIIs is higher than with those provided by public facilities.
Atrial natriuretic factor

The discovery of the first well-defined natriuretic hormone, the Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF), has prompted research on its impact on volume regulation in health and disease. The natriuretic, diuretic, and smooth muscle-relaxing properties suggest an important role of this novel hormone in pathophysiological states with sodium or volume retention, such as congestive heart failure or cirrhosis of the liver. Investigations on the implications of ANF in liver disease have been performed for little more than 1 year, and results are still controversial in many respects. At present, it seems very likely that there is no absolute deficiency of plasma ANF in patients with cirrhosis. Moreover, elevated plasma levels in cirrhotics with ascites have been reported by several groups. However, as yet, a molecular characterization of this increased immunoreactivity is still lacking. There is disagreement on the reduced release of and renal response to ANF in subgroups of cirrhotics; however, stimulus-response-coupling might be impaired. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiological implications and therapeutical potential of ANF in patients with chronic liver disease.
Search for supersymmetry in final states with missing transverse
  momentum and multiple $b$-jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$
  TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry involving the pair production of gluinos decaying
via third-generation squarks into the lightest neutralino
($\displaystyle\tilde\chi^0_1$) is reported. It uses LHC proton-proton
collision data at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with an
integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ collected with the ATLAS detector in
2015 and 2016. The search is performed in events containing large missing
transverse momentum and several energetic jets, at least three of which must be
identified as originating from $b$-quarks. To increase the sensitivity, the
sample is divided into subsamples based on the presence or absence of electrons
or muons. No excess is found above the predicted background. For
$\displaystyle\tilde\chi^0_1$ masses below approximately 300 GeV, gluino masses
of less than 1.97 (1.92) TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level in simplified
models involving the pair production of gluinos that decay via top (bottom)
squarks. An interpretation of the limits in terms of the branching ratios of
the gluinos into third-generation squarks is also provided. These results
improve upon the exclusion limits obtained with the 3.2 fb$^{-1}$ of data
collected in 2015.Comment: 55 pages in total, author list starting page 39, 11 figures, 8
  tables, published version. All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2016-10
Relations between problem behaviors, perceived symptom severity and parenting in adolescents and emerging adults with ASD : the mediating role of parental psychological need frustration

Research in parents of youngsters with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) increasingly documents associations between children’s problem behaviors and symptom severity and more dysfunctional and less adaptive parenting behaviors. However, the mechanisms underlying these associations have not been examined thoroughly. This study examines the mediating role of parental need frustration in the relation between child maladjustment (i.e., problem behavior and autism severity) and parenting behavior (i.e., controlling and autonomy-supportive parenting). The sample included 95 parents of adolescents/emerging adults with ASD (Mage = 18.8 years, SD = 2.3). Parents completed questionnaires assessing their parenting strategies and psychological need frustration as well as the internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors and autism severity of their child. Results indicate that the association between externalizing problems and controlling parenting was partially mediated by need frustration. This suggests that externalizing problems go together with lower feelings of parent-child closeness, lower parental competence, and a decreased sense of volitional functioning, feelings that, in turn, relate to more controlling strategies. Symptom severity has a direct negative association with autonomy support, suggesting that parents lower their autonomy support when their child has high levels of autism symptoms, without experiencing these symptoms as a threat to their own psychological needs
Search for top quark decays via Higgs-boson-mediated flavor-changing neutral currents in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV

A search is performed for Higgs-boson-mediated flavor-changing neutral currents in the decays of top quarks. The search is based on proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 $fb^{−1}$ at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events in which a top quark pair is produced with one top quark decaying into a charm or up quark and a Higgs boson (H), and the other top quark decaying into a bottom quark and a W boson are selected. The Higgs boson in these events is assumed to subsequently decay into either dibosons or difermions. No significant excess is observed above the expected standard model background, and an upper limit at the 95% confidence level is set on the branching fraction ℬ(t → Hc) of 0.40% and ℬ(t → Hu) of 0.55%, where the expected upper limits are 0.43% and 0.40%, respectively. These results correspond to upper limits on the square of the flavor-changing Higgs boson Yukawa couplings $|λ_{tc}$$^H|^2 < 6.9 × 10^{−3}$ and $|λ_{tu}$$^H|^2 < 9.8 × 10^{−3}$
Multiple Primary Cancers Associated with Merkel Cell Carcinoma in Queensland, Australia, 1982-2011

The relatively high incidence of Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) in Queensland provides a valuable opportunity to examine links with other cancers. A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from the Queensland Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were used to approximate the relative risk of being diagnosed with another primary cancer either following or prior to MCC. Patients with an eligible first primary MCC (n=787) had more than double the expected number of subsequent primary cancers (SIR=2.19, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.84-2.60; P<0.001). Conversely, people who were initially diagnosed with cancers other than MCC were about two and a half times more likely to have a subsequent primary MCC (n=244) compared with the general population (SIR=2.69, 95% CI=2.36-3.05; P<0.001). Significantly increased bi-directional relative risks were found for melanoma, lip cancer, head and neck cancer, lung cancer, myelodysplastic diseases, and cancer with unknown primary site. In addition, risks were elevated for female breast cancer and kidney cancer following a first primary MCC, and for subsequent MCCs following first primary colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, or lymphoid leukemia. These results suggest that several shared pathways are likely for MCC and other cancers, including immunosuppression, UV radiation, and genetics.Full Tex
Search for new physics in the dijet mass distribution using 1 fb(-1) of pp collision data at root s=7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector

Invariant mass distributions of jet pairs (dijets) produced in LHC proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy View the MathML sources=7 TeV have been studied using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb-1 recorded in 2011 by ATLAS. Dijet masses up to ∼4 TeV are observed in the data, and no evidence of resonance production over background is found. Limits are set at 95% C.L. for several new physics hypotheses: excited quarks are excluded for masses below 299 TeV, axigluons are excluded for masses below 3.32 TeV, and colour octet scalar resonances are excluded for masses below 1.92 TeV.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Measurement of the cross section for electroweak production of Z gamma in association with two jets and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A measurement is presented of the cross section for the electroweak production of a Z boson and a photon in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)= 8 TeV. The Z bosons are identified through their decays to electron or muon pairs. The measurement is based on data collected with the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns. The electroweak contribution has a significance of 3.0 standard deviations, and the measured fiducial cross section is 1.86 +0.90/-0.75 (stat) +0.34/-0.26 (syst) +/- 0.05 (lumi) fb, while the summed electroweak and quantum chromodynamic total cross section in the same region is observed to be 5.94 +1.53/-1.35 (stat) +0.43/-0.37 (syst) +/- 0.13 (lumi) fb. Both measurements are consistent with the leading-order standard model predictions. Limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings are set based on the Z gamma mass distribution
Pharmacology and therapeutics education in the European Union needs harmonization and modernization : a cross-sectional survey among 185 medical schools in 27 countries

Effective teaching in pharmacology and clinical pharmacology and therapeutics (CPT) is necessary to make medical students competent prescribers. However, the current structure, delivery, and assessment of CPT education in the European Union (EU) is unknown. We sent an online questionnaire to teachers with overall responsibility for CPT education in EU medical schools. Questions focused on undergraduate teaching and assessment of CPT, and students' preparedness for prescribing. In all, 185 medical schools (64%) from 27 EU countries responded. Traditional learning methods were mainly used. The majority of respondents did not provide students with the opportunity to practice real-life prescribing and believed that their students were not well prepared for prescribing. There is a marked difference in the quality and quantity of CPT education within and between EU countries, suggesting that there is considerable scope for improvement. A collaborative approach should be adopted to harmonize and modernize the undergraduate CPT education across the EU
Vessels delineation in retinal images using COSFIRE filters

Retinal image analysis is widely used in the medical community to diagnose several pathologies. The automatic analysis of such images is important to perform more ef-ficient diagnosis. We propose an effective method for the delineation of blood vessels in retinal images using train-able bar-selective COSFIRE filters. The results that we achieve on three publicly available data sets (DRIVE: Se = 0.7655, Sp = 0.9704; STARE: Se = 0.7763, Sp = 0.9695; CHASE DB1: Se = 0.7699, Sp = 0.9476) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.peer-reviewe
Top quark mass studies with  tt¯j at the LHC.

A precise measurement of the top quark mass, a fundamental parameter of the Standard Model, is among the most important goals of top quark studies at the Large Hadron Collider. Apart from the standard methods, numerous new observables and reconstruction techniques are employed to improve the overall precision and to provide different sensitivities to various systematic uncertainties. Recently, the normalised inverse invariant mass distribution of the   tt¯ system and the leading extra jet not coming from the top quark decays has been proposed for the   pp→tt¯j  production process, denoted as ℛ(m t pole , ρ s ). In this paper, a thorough study of different theoretical predictions for this observable, however, with top quark decays included, is carried out. We focus on fixed order NLO QCD calculations for the di-lepton top quark decay channel at the LHC with   s√=13  TeV. First, the impact on the extraction of m t is investigated and afterwards the associated uncertainties are quantified. In one approach we include all interferences, off-shell effects and non-resonant backgrounds. This is contrasted with a different approach with top quark decays in the narrow width approximation. In the latter case, two cases are employed: NLO QCD corrections to the   pp→tt¯j  production process with leading order decays and the more sophisticated case with QCD corrections and jet radiation present also in top quark decays. The top quark mass sensitivity of ℛ(m t pole , ρ s ) is investigated and compared to other observables: the invariant mass of the top anti-top pair, the minimal invariant mass of the b-jet and a charged lepton as well as the total transverse momentum of the   tt¯j  system. Once top quark decays are included the invariant mass of the   tt¯  system shows better sensitivity to the top quark mass extraction and smaller dependence on the off-shell effects and non-resonant contributions of the top quark and the W gauge boson than the ℛ(m t pole , ρ s ) observable
Cosmogenic exposure age constraints on deglaciation and flow behaviour of a marine-based ice stream in western Scotland, 21–16 ka

Understanding how marine-based ice streams operated during episodes of deglaciation requires geochronological data that constrain both timing of deglaciation and changes in their flow behaviour, such as that from unconstrained ice streaming to topographically restricted flow. We present seventeen new 10Be exposure ages from glacial boulders and bedrock at sites in western Scotland within the area drained by the Hebrides Ice Stream, a marine-based ice stream that drained a large proportion of the former British-Irish Ice Sheet. Exposure ages from Tiree constrain deglaciation of a topographic high within the central zone of the ice stream, from which convergent flowsets were produced during ice streaming. These ages thus constrain thinning of the Hebrides Ice Stream, which, on the basis of supporting information, we infer to represent cessation of ice streaming at 20.6 ± 1.2 ka, 3–4 ka earlier than previously inferred. A period of more topographically restricted flow produced flow indicators superimposed on those relating to full ice stream conditions, and exposure ages from up-stream of these constrain deglaciation to 17.5 ± 1.0 ka. Complete deglaciation of the marine sector of the Hebrides Ice Stream occurred by 17–16 ka at which time the ice margin was located near the present coastline. Exposure ages from the southernmost Outer Hebrides (Mingulay and Barra) indicate deglaciation at 18.9 ± 1.0 and 17.1 ± 1.0 ka respectively, demonstrating that an independent ice cap persisted on the southern Outer Hebrides for 3–4 ka after initial ice stream deglaciation. This suggests that deglaciation of the Hebrides Ice Stream was focused along major submarine troughs. Collectively, our data constrain initial deglaciation and changes in flow regime of the Hebrides Ice Stream, final deglaciation of its marine sector, and deglaciation of the southern portion of the independent Outer Hebrides Ice Cap, providing chronological constraints on future numerical reconstructions of this key sector of the former British-Irish Ice Sheet
Life-cycle modification in open oceans accounts for genome variability in a cosmopolitan phytoplankton

Supplementary Information accompanies this paper on The ISME Journal website (http://www.nature.com/ismej)Emiliania huxleyi is the most abundant calcifying plankton in modern oceans with substantial intraspecific genome variability and a biphasic life cycle involving sexual alternation between calcified 2N and flagellated 1N cells. We show that high genome content variability in Emiliania relates to erosion of 1N-specific genes and loss of the ability to form flagellated cells. Analysis of 185 E. huxleyi strains isolated from world oceans suggests that loss of flagella occurred independently in lineages inhabiting oligotrophic open oceans over short evolutionary timescales. This environmentally linked physiogenomic change suggests life cycling is not advantageous in very large/diluted populations experiencing low biotic pressure and low ecological variability. Gene loss did not appear to reflect pressure for genome streamlining in oligotrophic oceans as previously observed in picoplankton. Life-cycle modifications might be common in plankton and cause major functional variability to be hidden from traditional taxonomic or molecular markers
Xeroderma pigmentosum group F caused by a defect in a structure-specific DNA repair endonuclease.

Nucleotide excision repair, which is defective in xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), involves incision of a DNA strand on each side of a lesion. We isolated a human gene homologous to yeast Rad1 and found that it corrects the repair defects of XP group F as well as rodent groups 4 and 11. Causative mutations and strongly reduced levels of encoded protein were identified in XP-F patients. The XPF protein was purified from mammalian cells in a tight complex with ERCC1. This complex is a structure-specific endonuclease responsible for the 5' incision during repair. These results demonstrate that the XPF, ERCC4, and ERCC11 genes are equivalent, complete the isolation of the XP genes that form the core nucleotide excision repair system, and solve the catalytic function of the XPF-containing complex
Search for baryon number violation in top-quark decays

A search for baryon number violation (BNV) in top-quark decays is performed using pp collisions produced by the LHC at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The top-quark decay considered in this search results in one light lepton (muon or electron), two jets, but no neutrino in the final state. Data used for the analysis were collected by the CMS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 inverse femtobarns. The event selection is optimized for top quarks produced in pairs, with one undergoing the BNV decay and the other the standard model hadronic decay to three jets. No significant excess of events over the expected yield from standard model processes is observed. The upper limits at 95% confidence level on the branching fraction of the BNV top-quark decay are calculated to be 0.0016 and 0.0017 for the muon and the electron channels, respectively. Assuming lepton universality, an upper limit of 0.0015 results from the combination of the two channels. These limits are the first that have been obtained on a BNV process involving the top quark
Band Gap Optimization of Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals Using
  Semidefinite Programming and Subspace Methods

In this paper, we consider the optimal design of photonic crystal band
structures for two-dimensional square lattices. The mathematical formulation of
the band gap optimization problem leads to an infinite-dimensional Hermitian
eigenvalue optimization problem parametrized by the dielectric material and the
wave vector. To make the problem tractable, the original eigenvalue problem is
discretized using the finite element method into a series of finite-dimensional
eigenvalue problems for multiple values of the wave vector parameter. The
resulting optimization problem is large-scale and non-convex, with low
regularity and non-differentiable objective. By restricting to appropriate
eigenspaces, we reduce the large-scale non-convex optimization problem via
reparametrization to a sequence of small-scale convex semidefinite programs
(SDPs) for which modern SDP solvers can be efficiently applied. Numerical
results are presented for both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric
(TE) polarizations at several frequency bands. The optimized structures exhibit
patterns which go far beyond typical physical intuition on periodic media
design.Comment: 23 pages, submitte
Camera motion estimation through planar deformation determination

In this paper, we propose a global method for estimating the motion of a
camera which films a static scene. Our approach is direct, fast and robust, and
deals with adjacent frames of a sequence. It is based on a quadratic
approximation of the deformation between two images, in the case of a scene
with constant depth in the camera coordinate system. This condition is very
restrictive but we show that provided translation and depth inverse variations
are small enough, the error on optical flow involved by the approximation of
depths by a constant is small. In this context, we propose a new model of
camera motion, that allows to separate the image deformation in a similarity
and a ``purely'' projective application, due to change of optical axis
direction. This model leads to a quadratic approximation of image deformation
that we estimate with an M-estimator; we can immediatly deduce camera motion
parameters.Comment: 21 pages, version modifi\'ee accept\'e le 20 mars 200
1/N^2 corrections to the holographic Weyl anomaly

We compute the O(1) contribution to holographic c-a for IIB supergravity on
AdS_5 x S^5/Z_n and on AdS_5 x T^{1,1}/Z_n. In both cases, we find agreement
with the dual field theory results, thus providing 1/N^2 checks of AdS/CFT with
reduced supersymmetry. Since the holographic computation involves a sum over
shortened multiplets in the KK tower, we provide some details on the S^5 and
T^{1,1} spectra in a form that is convenient when considering their Z_n
orbifolds. The computation for the even Z_n orbifolds of S^5 includes a sum
over the multiplets in the twisted sector that is essential for obtaining
agreement with the dual field theory.Comment: 23 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor corrections and references adde