pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Star Formation in the Local Universe from the CALIFA sample. I.
  Calibrating the SFR using IFS data

The Star Formation Rate (SFR) is one of the main parameters used to analyze
the evolution of galaxies through time. The need for recovering the light
reprocessed by dust commonly requires the use of low spatial resolution
far-infrared data. Recombination-line luminosities provide an alternative,
although uncertain dust-extinction corrections based on narrow-band imaging or
long-slit spectroscopy have traditionally posed a limit to their applicability.
Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFS) is clearly the way to overcome such
limitation. We obtain integrated H{\alpha}, ultraviolet (UV) and infrared
(IR)-based SFR measurements for 272 galaxies from the CALIFA survey at 0.005 <
z < 0.03 using single-band and hybrid tracers. We provide updated calibrations,
both global and split by properties (including stellar mass and morphological
type), referred to H{\alpha}. The extinction-corrected H{\alpha} luminosity
agrees with the updated hybrid SFR estimators based on either UV or H{\alpha}
plus IR luminosity over the full range of SFRs (0.03-20 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$).
The coefficient that weights the amount of energy produced by newly-born stars
that is reprocessed by dust on the hybrid tracers, a$_{IR}$, shows a large
dispersion. However, it does not became increasingly small at high
attenuations, as expected if significant highly-obscured H$\alpha$ emission
would be missed. Lenticulars, early-type spirals and type-2 AGN host galaxies
show smaller coefficients due to the contribution of optical photons and AGN to
dust heating. In the Local Universe the H{\alpha} luminosity derived from IFS
observations can be used to measure SFR, at least in statistically-significant,
optically-selected galaxy samples. The analysis of the SFR calibrations by
galaxies properties could be potentially used by other works to study the
impact of different selection criteria in the SFR values derived.Comment: 36 pages, 23 Figures, 5 tables. Abridged abstract for arXiv. Accepted
  for publication in A&
Linking dust emission to fundamental properties in galaxies: The
  low-metallicity picture

In this work, we aim at providing a consistent analysis of the dust
properties from metal-poor to metal-rich environments by linking them to
fundamental galactic parameters. We consider two samples of galaxies: the Dwarf
Galaxy Survey (DGS) and KINGFISH, totalling 109 galaxies, spanning almost 2 dex
in metallicity. We collect infrared (IR) to submillimetre (submm) data for both
samples and present the complete data set for the DGS sample. We model the
observed spectral energy distributions (SED) with a physically-motivated dust
model to access the dust properties. Using a different SED model (modified
blackbody), dust composition (amorphous carbon), or wavelength coverage at
submm wavelengths results in differences in the dust mass estimate of a factor
two to three, showing that this parameter is subject to non-negligible
systematic modelling uncertainties. For eight galaxies in our sample, we find a
rather small excess at 500 microns (< 1.5 sigma). We find that the dust SED of
low-metallicity galaxies is broader and peaks at shorter wavelengths compared
to more metal-rich systems, a sign of a clumpier medium in dwarf galaxies. The
PAH mass fraction and the dust temperature distribution are found to be driven
mostly by the specific star-formation rate, SSFR, with secondary effects from
metallicity. The correlations between metallicity and dust mass or total-IR
luminosity are direct consequences of the stellar mass-metallicity relation.
The dust-to-stellar mass ratios of metal-rich sources follow the well-studied
trend of decreasing ratio for decreasing SSFR. The relation is more complex for
highly star-forming low-metallicity galaxies and depends on the chemical
evolutionary stage of the source (i.e., gas-to-dust mass ratio). Dust growth
processes in the ISM play a key role in the dust mass build-up with respect to
the stellar content at high SSFR and low metallicity. (abridged)Comment: 44 pages (20 pages main body plus 5 Appendices), 11 figures, 9
  tables, accepted for publication in A&
Eclipsing Am binary systems in the SuperWASP survey

The results of a search for eclipsing Am star binaries using photometry from the SuperWASP survey are presented. The light curves of 1742 Am stars fainter than V = 8.0 were analysed for the presence of eclipses. A total of 70 stars were found to exhibit eclipses, with 66 having sufficient observations to enable orbital periods to be determined and 28 of which are newly identified eclipsing systems. Also presented are spectroscopic orbits for 5 of the systems. The number of systems and the period distribution is found to be consistent with that identified in previous radial velocity surveys of "classical" Am stars.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Pkd1 Regulates Lymphatic Vascular Morphogenesis during Development.

Lymphatic vessels arise during development through sprouting of precursor cells from veins, which is regulated by known signaling and transcriptional mechanisms. The ongoing elaboration of vessels to form a network is less well understood. This involves cell polarization, coordinated migration, adhesion, mixing, regression, and shape rearrangements. We identified a zebrafish mutant, lymphatic and cardiac defects 1 (lyc1), with reduced lymphatic vessel development. A mutation in polycystic kidney disease 1a was responsible for the phenotype. PKD1 is the most frequently mutated gene in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Initial lymphatic precursor sprouting is normal in lyc1 mutants, but ongoing migration fails. Loss of Pkd1 in mice has no effect on precursor sprouting but leads to failed morphogenesis of the subcutaneous lymphatic network. Individual lymphatic endothelial cells display defective polarity, elongation, and adherens junctions. This work identifies a highly selective and unexpected role for Pkd1 in lymphatic vessel morphogenesis during development
Transverse momentum spectra of b jets in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV

We present a measurement of b jet transverse momentum (pt) spectra in proton-lead (pPb) collisions using a dataset corresponding to about 35 inverse nanobarns collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. Jets from b quark fragmentation are found by exploiting the long lifetime of hadrons containing a b quark through tagging methods using distributions of the secondary vertex mass and displacement. Extracted cross sections for b jets are scaled by the effective number of nucleon-nucleon collisions and are compared to a reference obtained from PYTHIA simulations of pp collisions. The PYTHIA-based estimate of the nuclear modification factor is found to be 1.22 +/- 0.15 (stat + syst pPb) +/- 0.27 (syst PYTHIA) averaged over all jets with pt between 55 and 400 GeV/c and with abs(eta[lab]) < 2. We also compare this result to predictions from models using perturbative calculations in quantum chromodynamics
Approximate N 3 LO Higgs-boson production cross section using physical-kernel constraints

The single-logarithmic enhancement of the physical kernel for Higgs production by gluon-gluon fusion in the heavy top-quark limit is employed to derive the leading so far unknown contributions, ln 5, 4, 3 (1− z ), to the N 3 LO coefficient function in the threshold expansion. Also using knowledge from Higgs-exchange DIS to estimate the remaining terms not vanishing for z  =  m H 2 / ŝ  → 1, these results are combined with the recently completed soft + virtual contributions to provide an uncertainty band for the complete N 3 LO correction. For the 2008 MSTW parton distributions these N 3 LO contributions increase the cross section at 14 TeV by (10 ±2)% and (3 ±2 . 5)% for the standard choices μ R = m H and μ R = m H / 2 of the renormalization scale. The remaining uncertainty arising from the hard-scattering cross sections can be quantified as no more than 5%, which is smaller than that due to the strong coupling and the parton distributions
Second-harmonic generation in highly textured LiNbO₃ films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

3 pags. ; 3 figs. ; 1 tab.LiNbO₃ films have been deposited on (001) sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition, in an oxygen environment. Films grown at substrate temperatures of 650 °C are crystalline, strongly textured, and show a degree of twining that is lower the higher the oxygen pressure is in the range of 0.5–1 Torr. Values of the nonlinear optical coefficients d₃₃ and d₃₁ of the films, measured via second-harmonic generation, are close to those for the bulk LiNbO₃ single crystal. The dependence of both the degree of twining and the nonlinear optical response on the film thickness suggests that the films become closer to single domain for larger thickness.This work was partially funded by CICYT (Spain) under Project No. TIC96-0467 and TIC99-0866.Peer reviewe
Inclusive and differential measurements of the tt ¯   charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV

31 páginas, 4 figuras, 3 tablas.-- Chatrchyan, S.et al.-- This article is published Open Access at sciencedirect.com. It is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution\ud
License 3.0.The tt charge asymmetry is measured in events containing a charged lepton (electron\ud
or muon) and at least four jets, one of which is identified as originating from\ud
b-quark hadronization. The analyzed dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity\ud
of 5.0 fb-1 collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. An inclusive and three\ud
differential measurements of the tt charge asymmetry as a function of rapidity, transverse\ud
momentum, and invariant mass of the tt system are presented. The measured\ud
inclusive tt charge asymmetry is AC = 0.004 0.010 (stat.)  0.011 (syst.). This result\ud
and the three differential measurements are consistent with zero asymmetry as well\ud
as with the predictions of the standard model.Acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS\ud
and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09\ud
and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Republic\ud
of Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia,\ud
Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC\ud
(United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von\ud
Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation à la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door\ud
Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); the Council of Science and Industrial Research, India; and the HOMING PLUS programme of Foundation for Polish Science, cofinanced from European Union, Regional Development Fund.Peer reviewe
Decomposition's Dantzig-Wolfe applied to fuzzy multicommodity flow problems

We present, in this paper, a method for solving linear programming problems with fuzzy costs based on the classical method of decomposition's Dantzig-Wolfe. Methods using decomposition techniques address problems that have a special structure in the set of constraints. An example of such a problem that has this structure is the fuzzy multicommodity flow problem. This problem can be modeled by a graph whose nodes represent points of supply, demand and passage of commodities, which travel on the arcs of the network. the objective is to determine the flow of each commodity on the arcs, in order to meet demand at minimal cost while respecting the capacity constraints of the arcs and the flow conservation constraints of the nodes. Using the theory of fuzzy sets, the proposed method aims to find the optimal solution, working with the problem in the fuzzy form during the resolution procedure. (c) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, BR-13083852 Campinas, SP, BrazilUNIFESP, ICT, BR-12231280 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilUNIFESP, ICT, BR-12231280 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Place of upbringing in early childhood as related to inflammatory bowel diseases in adulthood: a population-based cohort study in Northern Europe.

To access publisher's full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field.BACKGROUND: \ud
The two inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, has increased rapidly during the twentieth century, but the aetiology is still poorly understood. Impaired immunological competence due to decreasing biodiversity and altered microbial stimulation is a suggested explanation.\ud
OBJECTIVE: \ud
Place of upbringing was used as a proxy for the level and diversity of microbial stimulation to investigate the effects on the prevalence of IBD in adulthood.\ud
METHODS: \ud
Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) III is a postal follow-up questionnaire of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) cohorts established in 1989-1992. The study population was 10,864 subjects born 1945-1971 in Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland and Estonia, who responded to questionnaires in 2000-2002 and 2010-2012. Data were analysed in logistic and Cox regression models taking age, sex, smoking and body mass index into consideration.\ud
RESULTS: \ud
Being born and raised on a livestock farm the first 5 years of life was associated with a lower risk of IBD compared to city living in logistic (OR 0.54, 95 % CI 0.31; 0.94) and Cox regression models (HR 0.55, 95 % CI 0.31; 0.98). Random-effect meta-analysis did not identify geographical difference in this association. Furthermore, there was a significant trend comparing livestock farm living, village and city living (p < 0.01). Sub-analyses showed that the protective effect was only present among subjects born after 1952 (OR 0.25, 95 % CI 0.11; 0.61).\ud
CONCLUSION: \ud
This study suggests a protective effect from livestock farm living in early childhood on the occurrence of IBD in adulthood, however only among subjects born after 1952. We speculate that lower microbial diversity is an explanation for the findings
Modulation of Glucagon Receptor Pharmacology by Receptor Activity-modifying Protein-2 (RAMP2)

The glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptors play important, opposing roles in regulating blood glucose levels. Consequently, these receptors have been identified as targets for novel diabetes treatments. However, drugs acting at the GLP-1 receptor, although having clinical efficacy, have been associated with severe adverse side-effects, and targeting of the glucagon receptor has yet to be successful. Here we use a combination of yeast reporter assays and mammalian systems to provide a more complete understanding of glucagon receptor signaling, considering the effect of multiple ligands, association with the receptor-interacting protein receptor activity-modifying protein-2 (RAMP2), and the role of individual G protein α-subunits. We demonstrate that RAMP2 alters both ligand selectivity and G protein preference of the glucagon receptor. Importantly, we also uncover novel cross-reactivity of therapeutically used GLP-1 receptor ligands at the glucagon receptor that is abolished by RAMP2 interaction. This study reveals the glucagon receptor as a previously unidentified target for GLP-1 receptor agonists and highlights a role for RAMP2 in regulating its pharmacology. Such previously unrecognized functions of RAMPs highlight the need to consider all receptor-interacting proteins in future drug development.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Mapping regional patterns of large forest fires in Wildland-Urban Interface areas in Europe

Over recent decades, Land Use and Cover Change (LUCC) trends in many regions of Europe have reconfigured the landscape structures around many urban areas. In these areas, the proximity to landscape elements with high forest fuels has increased the fire risk to people and property. These Wildland-Urban Interface areas (WUI) can be defined as landscapes where anthropogenic urban land use and forest fuel mass come into contact. Mapping their extent is needed to prioritize fire risk control and inform local forest fire risk management strategies. This study proposes a method to map the extent and spatial patterns of the European WUI areas at continental scale. Using the European map of WUI areas, the hypothesis is tested that the distance from the nearest WUI area is related to the forest fire probability. Statistical relationships between the distance from the nearest WUI area, and large forest fire incidents from satellite remote sensing were subsequently modelled by logistic regression analysis. The first European scale map of the WUI extent and locations is presented. Country-specific positive and negative relationships of large fires and the proximity to the nearest WUI area are found. A regional-scale analysis shows a strong influence of the WUI zones on large fires in parts of the Mediterranean regions. Results indicate that the probability of large burned surfaces increases with diminishing WUI distance in touristic regions like Sardinia, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, or in regions with a strong peri-urban component as Catalunya, Comunidad de Madrid, Comunidad Valenciana. For the above regions, probability curves of large burned surfaces show statistical relationships (ROC value > 0.5) inside a 5000 m buffer of the nearest WUI. Wise land management can provide a valuable ecosystem service of fire risk reduction that is currently not explicitly included in ecosystem service valuations. The results re-emphasise the importance of including this ecosystem service in landscape valuations to account for the significant landscape function of reducing the risk of catastrophic large fires.The European Environment Agency provided the CORINE land cover data. CORINE 2012 production was supported by Defra and the European Environment Agency under Grant Agreement 3541/B2012/R0-GIO/EEA.55055 with funding by the European Union. This study was partially funded by the Natural Environment Research Council's support for the National Centre for Earth Observation. Heiko Balzter was supported by the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award, 2011/R3.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Photostop : production of zero-velocity molecules by photodissociation in a molecular beam.\ud

Photostop is an accessible technique capable of producing atoms or molecules at a standstill in the laboratory frame. Starting with a NO2/Xe molecular beam with a mean velocity of 415 m s-1 and a longitudinal translational temperature of 6 K, NO2 molecules are photodissociated to yield NO(X [image omitted]) fragments with a recoil speed equal to the molecular beam speed. The fraction of NO fragments that recoil opposite to the molecular beam are produced with a 6 K longitudinal velocity distribution centred at zero. The NO molecules are allowed to 'evaporate' from the probe volume by waiting for 1
How might healthcare systems influence speed of cancer diagnosis : a narrative review.\ud

Striking differences exist in outcomes for cancer between developed countries with comparable healthcare systems. We compare the healthcare systems of 3 countries (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), 3 UK jurisdictions (England, Wales and Northern Ireland), 3 Canadian provinces (British Columbia, Manitoba, Ontario) and 2 Australian states (New South Wales, Victoria) using a framework which assesses the possible contribution of primary care systems to a range of health outcomes, drawing on key characteristics influencing population health.\ud
\ud
For many of the characteristics we investigated there are no significant differences between those countries with poorer cancer outcomes (England and Denmark) and the rest. In particular, regulation, financing, the existence of patient lists, the GP gatekeeping role, direct access to secondary care, the degree of comprehensiveness of primary care services, the level of cost sharing and the type of primary care providers within healthcare systems were not specifically and consistently associated with differences between countries. Factors that could have an influence on patient and professional behaviour, and consequently contribute to delays in cancer diagnosis and poorer cancer outcomes in some countries, include centralisation of services, free movement of patients between primary care providers, access to secondary care, and the existence of patient list systems.\ud
\ud
It was not possible to establish a causal correlation between healthcare system characteristics and cancer outcomes. Further studies should explore in greater depth the associations between single health system factors and cancer outcomes, recognising that in complex systems where context is all-important, it will be difficult to establish causal relationships. Better understanding of the interaction between healthcare system variables and patient and professional behaviour may generate new hypotheses for further research.\u
On new physics in Delta Gammad.

Motivated by the recent measurement of the dimuon asymmetry by the DØ collaboration, which could be interpreted as an enhanced decay rate difference in the neutral B d -meson system, we investigate the possible size of new-physics contributions to ΔΓ d . In particular, we perform model-independent studies of non-standard effects associated to the dimension-six current-current operators (d¯¯¯p)(p¯¯¯′b) with p, p′ = u, c as well as (d¯¯¯p)(τ¯¯¯τ). In both cases we find that for certain flavour or Lorentz structures of the operators sizeable deviations of ΔΓ d away from the Standard Model expectation cannot be excluded in a model-independent fashion
$E_6$ Inspired SUSY Benchmarks, Dark Matter Relic Density and a 125 GeV
  Higgs

We explore the relic density of dark matter and the particle spectrum within
a constrained version of an $E_6$ inspired SUSY model with an extra $U(1)_N$
gauge symmetry. In this model a single exact custodial symmetry forbids
tree-level flavor-changing transitions and the most dangerous baryon and lepton
number violating operators. We present a set of benchmark points showing
scenarios that have a SM-like Higgs mass of 125 GeV and sparticle masses above
the LHC limits. They lead to striking new physics signatures which may be
observed during run II of the LHC and can distinguish this model from the
simplest SUSY extensions of the SM. At the same time these benchmark scenarios
are consistent with the measured dark matter abundance and necessarily lead to
large dark matter direct detection cross sections close to current limits and
observable soon at the XENON1T experiment.Comment: 9 pages, no figures, 3 tables; references updated and minor
  corrections, branching ratios added to Table 3, matches version published in
  Phys. Lett.