pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Aegean tectonics: Strain localisation, slab tearing and trench retreat

International audienceWe review the geodynamic evolution of the Aegea-Anatolia region and discuss strain localisation there over geological times. From Late Eocene to Present, crustal deformation in the Aegean backarc has localised progressively during slab retreat. Extension started with the formation of the Rhodope Metamorphic Core Complex (Eocene) and migrated to the Cyclades and the northern Menderes massif (Oligocene and Miocene), accommodated by crustal-scale detachments and a first series of core complexes (MCCs). Extension then localised in Western Turkey, the Corinth Rift and the external Hellenic arc after Messinian times, while the North Anatolian Fault penetrated the Aegean Sea. Through time the direction and style of extension have not changed significantly except in terms of localisation. The contributions of progressive slab retreat and tearing, basal drag, extrusion tectonics and tectonic inheritance are discussed and we favour a model (1) where slab retreat is the main driving engine, (2) successive slab tearing episodes are the main causes of this stepwise strain localisation and (3) the inherited heterogeneity of the crust is a major factor for localising detachments. The continental crust has an inherited strong heterogeneity and crustal-scale contacts such as major thrust planes act as weak zones or as zones of contrast of resistance and viscosity that can localise later deformation. The dynamics of slabs at depth and the asthenospheric flow due to slab retreat also have influence strain localisation in the upper plate. Successive slab ruptures from the Middle Miocene to the Late Miocene have isolated a narrow stripe of lithosphere, still attached to the African lithosphere below Crete. The formation of the North Anatolian Fault is partly a consequence of this evolution. The extrusion of Anatolia and the Aegean extension are partly driven from below (asthenospheric flow) and from above (extrusion of a lid of rigid crust)
Evidence for intense REE scavenging at cold seeps from the Niger Delta margin

International audienceFor many trace elements, continental margins are the location of intense exchange processes between sediment and seawater, which control their distribution in the water column, but have yet to be fully understood. In this study, we have investigated the impact of fluid seepage at cold seeps on the marine cycle of neodymium. We determined dissolved and total dissolvable (TD) concentrations for REE and well-established tracers of fluid seepage (CH4, TDFe, TDMn), and Nd isotopic compositions in seawater samples collected above cold seeps and a reference site (i.e. away from any fluid venting area) from the Niger Delta margin. We also analyzed cold seep authigenic phases and various core-top sediment fractions (pore water, detrital component, easily leachable phases, uncleaned foraminifera) recovered near the hydrocast stations. Methane, TDFe and TDMn concentrations clearly indicate active fluid venting at the studied seeps, with plumes rising up to about 100 m above the seafloor. Depth profiles show pronounced REE enrichments in the non-filtered samples (TD concentrations) within plumes, whereas filtered samples (dissolved concentrations) exhibit slight REE depletion in plumes relative to the overlying water column and display typical seawater REE patterns. These results suggest that the net flux of REE emitted into seawater at cold seeps is controlled by the presence of particulate phases, most probably Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides associated to resuspended sediments. At the reference site, however, our data reveal significant enrichment for dissolved REE in bottom waters, that clearly relates to diffusive benthic fluxes from surface sediments. Neodymium isotopic ratios measured in the water column range from εNd ~−15.7 to − 10.4. Evidence that the εNd values for Antarctic Intermediate waters (AAIW) differed from those reported for the same water mass at open ocean settings shows that sediment/water interactions take place in the Gulf of Guinea. At each site, however, the bottom water εNd signature generally differs from that for cold seep minerals, easily leachable sediment phases, and detrital fractions from local sediments, ruling out the possibility that seepage of methane-rich fluids and sediment dissolution act as a substantial source of dissolved Nd to seawater in the Gulf of Guinea. Taken together, our data hence suggest that co-precipitation of Fe-Mn oxyhydroxide phases in sub-surface sediments leads to quantitative scavenging of dissolved REE at cold seeps, preventing their emission into bottom waters. Most probably, it is likely that diffusion from suboxic surface sediments dominates the exchange processes affecting the marine Nd cycle at the Niger Delta margin
Fabrication of amorphous silicon nanoribbons by atomic force microscope tip induced local oxidation for thin film device applications

WOSInternational audienceWe demonstrate the feasibility of induced local oxidation of amorphous silicon by atomic force microscopy. The resulting local oxide is used as mask for the elaboration of thin film silicon resistor. A thin amorphous silicon layer deposited on a glass substrate is locally oxidized following narrow continuous lines. The corresponding oxide line is then used as mask during plasma etching of the amorphous layer leading to the formation of nanoribbon. Such amorphous silicon nanoribbon is used for the fabrication of resistor
GDP nowcasting with ragged-edge data: a semi-parametric modeling

International audienceThis paper formalizes the process of forecasting unbalanced monthly datasets in order to obtain robust nowcasts and forecasts of quarterly gross domestic product (GDP) growth rate through a semi-parametric modeling. This innovative approach lies in the use of non-parametric methods, based on nearest neighbors and on radial basis function approaches, to forecast the monthly variables involved in the parametric modeling of GDP using bridge equations. A real-time experience is carried out on euro area vintage data in order to anticipate, with an advance ranging from 6 to 1 months, the GDP flash estimate for the whole zone.Ce papier propose une approche innovante, basée sur des méthodes non-paramétriques, pour prédire en temps réel le produit intérieur brut
Interest towards human, animal and object in children with autism spectrum disorders: an ethological approach at home

International audienceAutistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterised by attention deficits in communication and social interactions and a lack of interest in people. Data are mostly based on clinical situations. However, recent studies have shown a more mixed situation where children with ASD (ASD children) displayed interest towards humans, in both experimental and natural settings. The aim of this study was to assess the interest of ASD children in a natural standardised home setting. Here, we hypothesised that ASD children would display more interest towards animate stimuli-human and pet-when in the child's home than in the lab experimental setting. We used an ethological approach involving observations, a methodological alternative to lab static techniques, to investigate the behaviour of ninety 6- to 12-year-old ASD and typical development (TD) children. Our results were consistent with those of the literature revealing that the ASD children displayed interest towards animate stimuli as did children with TD children. Interestingly, while the ASD children showed higher interest towards humans, e.g. their parent, than the TD children did, they showed less interest towards pet compared to the TD children. Our results suggested that animals are not inherently easy to decode for ASD children, in contrast with previous experiences where a pet was regarded as a more attractive partner, easier to be understood. At last, the ASD children changed more frequently their focus point than the TD children did. These differences may be explained by the reduced attention skills in ASD or the study's context. To conclude, larger exploratory studies in natural settings conducted beyond ordinary human to human interactions are crucial for better understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in social interactions in ASD
Using deconvolution to improve the metrological performance of the grid method

WOSInternational audienceThe use of various deconvolution techniques to enhance strain maps obtained with the grid method is addressed in this study. Since phase derivative maps obtained with the grid method can be approximated by their actual counterparts convolved by the envelope of the kernel used to extract phases and phase derivatives, non-blind restoration techniques can be used to perform deconvolution. Six deconvolution techniques are presented and employed to restore a synthetic phase derivative map, namely direct deconvolution, regularized deconvolution, Richardson-Lucy algorithm and Wiener filtering, the last two with two variants concerning their practical implementations. Obtained results show that the noise that corrupts the grid images must be thoroughly taken into account to limit its effect on the deconvolved strain maps. The difficulty here is that the noise on the grid image yields a spatially correlated noise on the strain maps. In particular, numerical experiments on synthetic data show that direct and regularized deconvolutions are unstable when noisy data are processed. The same remark holds when Wiener filtering is employed without taking into account noise autocorrelation. On the other hand, the Richardson-Lucy algorithm and Wiener filtering with noise autocorrelation provide deconvolved maps where the impact of noise remains controlled within a certain limit. It is also observed that the last technique outperforms the Richardson-Lucy algorithm. Two short examples of actual strain fields restoration are finally shown. They deal with asphalt and shape memory alloy specimens. The benefits and limitations of deconvolution are presented and discussed in these two cases. The main conclusion is that strain maps are correctly deconvolved when the signal-to-noise ratio is high and that actual noise in the actual strain maps must be more specifically characterized than in the current study to address higher noise levels with Wiener filtering
Infinite anti-uniform sources

6 pagesInternational audienceIn this paper we consider the class of anti-uniform Huffman (AUH) codes for sources with infinite alphabet. Poisson, negative binomial, geometric and exponential distributions lead to infinite anti-uniform sources for some ranges of their parameters. Huffman coding of these sources results in AUH codes. We prove that as a result of this encoding, we obtain sources with memory. For these sources we attach the graph and derive the transition matrix between states, the state probabilities and the entropy. If c0 and c1 denote the costs for storing or transmission of symbols "0" and "1", respectively, we compute the average cost for these AUH codes
Optimization of measurement configurations for geometrical calibration of industrial robot

The paper is devoted to the geometrical calibration of industrial robots employed in precise manufacturing. To identify geometric parameters, an advanced calibration technique is proposed that is based on the non-linear experiment design theory, which is adopted for this particular application. In contrast to previous works, the calibration experiment quality is evaluated using a concept of the user-defined test-pose. In the frame of this concept, the related optimization problem is formulated and numerical routines are developed, which allow user to generate optimal set of manipulator configurations for a given number of calibration experiments. The efficiency of the developed technique is illustrated by several examples
Mobility reduction and apparent activation energies produced by hopping transport in the presence of Coulombic defects

International audienceA Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to study the mobility reduction due to Coulombic defects for hopping transport in a one-dimensional regular lattice. Hops between energetically equivalent sites and within an exponential distribution of energy levels are considered. In the absence of Coulombic wells, the calculations reproduce the well known features of Gaussian and highly dispersive transport respectively. When the field due to Coulombic potential wells is superimposed on the applied one, the macroscopic conduction features change dramatically. The computed apparent mobilities or transit times exhibit a Poole-Frenkel character and a modified Arrhenius temperature dependence. Their activation energy differs from the mean energy characterizing hops at the microscopic scale and it is found to depend on parameters such as the defect charge. This has important practical consequences for data interpretation
Paleoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the Trans-North China Orogen: toward a comprehensive model.

International audienceIn this contribution we present a reconstruction of the overall lithotectonic architecture, from inner zones to external ones, of the Paleoproterozoic Trans North China Orogen, within the North China Craton. Moreover, forward thermobarometrical modeling on a kyanite-bearing gneiss yields a reliable prograde P-T-t-D path. In addition, 40Ar/39Ar dating on rocks from distinct litho-tectonic units helps us to distinguish several tectono-metamorphic events during the orogenic development. Considering these results, we propose a geodynamic model involving three cratonic blocks, namely the Western, Fuping and Eastern Blocks, separated by two oceans, the Lüliang and Taihang Oceans. The opening of oceanic basins occurred around 2.2-2.3 Ga. After the westward subductions of oceanic lithosphere, the Trans-North-China Orogen was built up through a polyphase tectonic evolution within the period 1900-1800 Ma. The first event (D1) corresponded to the emplacement of lower and upper nappes herein called the Orthogneiss-and-Volcanites Unit (OVU) and the Low-Grade-and-Mafic Unit (LGMU), respectively. The syn-metamorphic D1 deformation (1880 ± 10 Ma) is characterized by a NW-SE stretching and mineral lineation with a top-to-the SE sense of shear. During ongoing compression of the thickening orogenic crust, a second deformation event D2 (1850 ± 10 Ma) was responsible for (1) syn-anatectic lateral flow and exhumation of the orogenic root and (2) folding of the middle and upper parts of the orogenic wedge that consequently acquired a fan-type geometry. The late D3 (1830 ± 10 Ma) and D4 (1810 ± 10 Ma) events are related to late-orogenic normal and strike-slip shearing, respectively. In our present state of knowledge, the Paleoproterozoic Trans-North China Orogen might be regarded as the assemblage of two continent-continent collisional belts, both of which are characterized by nappe stacking accommodated by top-to-the E/SE ductile shearing. Continental subduction, crustal thickening, partial melting of overthickened crust, exhumation of HP rocks and deposition of syn-orogenic detrital basins are typical features of modern collisional-type orogens
Composition of Services with Constraints

International audienceComposition of Web services consists of the interleaving of the sequence of actions executed by the elementary services in accordance with a client specification. We model Web services as automata executing actions and also sending and receiving messages. This paper provides a theoretical study for three service composition problems, and in particular for the problem of computing a Boolean formula which exactly characterises the conditions required for services to answer the client s request. New complexity results are established for these problems within the framework of service composition with constraints
Effects of the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force in the proton-deuteron breakup process at Ep = 65 MeV

We present the calculated cross sections and vector analyzing powers using the Bonn B nucleon-nucleon potential and the Tucson-Melbourne three-nucleon force (3NF) for six collinearity and quasi-free scattering breakup configurations. These calculations are compared to the results of the recent kinematically complete pd experiments at Ep = 65 MeV. The Tucson-Melbourne 3NF, adjusted together with the Bonn B potential to reproduce the triton binding energy, leads to small effects both in cross sections and analyzing powers in all six studied configurations
Word matching using single closed contours for indexing handwritten historical documents

Effective indexing is crucial for providing convenient access to scanned versions of large collections of historically valuable handwritten manuscripts. Since traditional handwriting recognizers based on optical character recognition (OCR) do not perform well on historical documents, recently a holistic word recognition approach has gained in popularity as an attractive and more straightforward solution (Lavrenko et al. in proc. document Image Analysis for Libraries (DIAL’04), pp. 278–287, 2004). Such techniques attempt to recognize words based on scalar and profile-based features extracted from whole word images. In this paper, we propose a new approach to holistic word recognition for historical handwritten manuscripts based on matching word contours instead of whole images or word profiles. The new method consists of robust extraction of closed word contours and the application of an elastic contour matching technique proposed originally for general shapes (Adamek and O’Connor in IEEE Trans Circuits Syst Video Technol 5:2004). We demonstrate that multiscale contour-based descriptors can effectively capture intrinsic word features avoiding any segmentation of words into smaller subunits. Our experiments show a recognition accuracy of 83%, which considerably exceeds the performance of other systems reported in the literature
Left-ventricle myocardium segmentation using a coupled level-set with a priori knowledge

This paper presents a coupled level-set segmentation of the myocardium of the left ventricle of the heart using a priori information. From a fast marching initialisation, two fronts representing the endocardium and epicardium boundaries of the left ventricle are evolved as the zero level-set of a higher dimension function. We introduce a novel and robust stopping term using both gradient and region-based information. The segmentation is supervised both with a coupling function and using a probabilistic model built from training instances. The robustness of the segmentation scheme is evaluated by performing a segmentation on four unseen data-sets containing high variation and the performance of the segmentation is quantitatively assessed
Early Holocene M~6 explosive eruption from Plosky volcanic massif (Kamchatka) and its tephra as a link between terrestrial and marine paleoenvironmental records

We report tephrochronological and geochemical data on early Holocene activity from Plosky volcanic massif in the Kliuchevskoi volcanic group, Kamchatka Peninsula. Explosive activity of this volcano lasted for ~1.5 kyr, produced a series of widely dispersed tephra layers, and was followed by profuse low-viscosity lava flows. This eruptive episode started a major reorganization of the volcanic structures in the western part of the Kliuchevskoi volcanic group. An explosive eruption from Plosky (M~6), previously unstudied, produced tephra (coded PL2) of a volume of 10–12 km3 (11–13 Gt), being one of the largest Holocene explosive eruptions in Kamchatka. Characteristic diagnostic features of the PL2 tephra are predominantly vitric sponge-shaped fragments with rare phenocrysts and microlites of plagioclase, olivine and pyroxenes, medium- to high-K basaltic andesitic bulk composition, high-K, high-Al and high-P trachyandesitic glass composition with SiO2 = 57.5–59.5 wt%, K2O = 2.3–2.7 wt%, Al2O3 = 15.8–16.5 wt%, and P2O5 = 0.5–0.7 wt%. Other diagnostic features include a typical subduction-related pattern of incompatible elements, high concentrations of all REE (>10× mantle values), moderate enrichment in LREE (La/Yb ~ 5.3), and non-fractionated mantle-like pattern of LILE. Geochemical fingerprinting of the PL2 tephra with the help of EMP and LA-ICP-MS analyses allowed us to map its occurrence in terrestrial sections across Kamchatka and to identify this layer in Bering Sea sediment cores at a distance of >600 km from the source. New high-precision 14C dates suggest that the PL2 eruption occurred ~10,200 cal BP, which makes it a valuable isochrone for early Holocene climate fluctuations and permits direct links between terrestrial and marine paleoenvironmental records. The terrestrial and marine 14C dates related to the PL2 tephra have allowed us to estimate an early Holocene reservoir age for the western Bering Sea at 1,410 ± 64 14C years. Another important tephra from the early Holocene eruptive episode of Plosky volcano, coded PL1, was dated at 11,650 cal BP. This marker is the oldest geochemically characterized and dated tephra marker layer in Kamchatka to date and is an important local marker for the Younger Dryas—early Holocene transition. One more tephra from Plosky, coded PL3, can be used as a marker northeast of the source at a distance of ~110 km
Technology and industrialization at the take-off of the Spanish economy: New evidence based on patents.

The aim of the paper is to contribute to a better knowledge of the existing relationship between the incorporation of technology and the industrial take-off, based on the case study of the sectoral dynamism of the Spanish industry during its period of highest development. The main hypothesis is that only an appropriate combination of the introduction of foreign technology and the creation of domestic technology guarantees the acquisition of the technological knowledge required for developing and less developed countries to reach a level closer to that of more developed countries. An evolutionary perspective has been applied considering that industrial growth depends on three types of variables: innovation or technology creation, dissemination potential and absorption capacity potential. The results confirm that the introduction of imported technology has been significant, both for unincorporated knowledge, shown in the growth of patents in the period 1960–1966, and that introduced through the importation of production technology by companies in the process of modernization
Differential in vitro and in vivo effect of barley cysteine and serine protease inhibitors on phytopathogenic microorganisms

Protease inhibitors from plants have been involved in defence mechanisms against pests and pathogens. Phytocystatins and trypsin/α-amylase inhibitors are two of the best characterized protease inhibitor families in plants. In barley, thirteen cystatins (HvCPI-1 to 13) and the BTI-CMe trypsin inhibitor have been previously studied. Their capacity to inhibit pest digestive proteases, and the negative in vivo effect caused by plants expressing these inhibitors on pests support the defence function of these proteins. Barley cystatins are also able to inhibit in vitro fungal growth. However, the antifungal effect of these inhibitors in vivo had not been previously tested. Moreover, their in vitro and in vivo effect on plant pathogenous bacteria is still unknown. In order to obtain new insights on this feature, in vitro assays were made against different bacterial and fungal pathogens of plants using the trypsin inhibitor BTI-CMe and the thirteen barley cystatins. Most barley cystatins and the BTI-CMe inhibitor were able to inhibit mycelial growth but no bacterial growth. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants independently expressing the BTI-CMe inhibitor and the cystatin HvCPI-6 were tested against the same bacterial and fungal pathogens. Neither the HvCPI-6 expressing transgenic plants nor the BTI-CMe ones were more resistant to plant pathogen fungi and bacteria than control Arabidopsis plants. The differences observed between the in vitro and in planta assays against phytopathogenic fungi are discusse