pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On supersymmetric AdS6 solutions in 10 and\ud
11 dimensions

We prove a non-existence theorem for smooth, supersymmetric, warped\ud
AdS6 solutions with connected, compact without boundary internal space in D = 11\ud
and (massive) IIA supergravities. In IIB supergravity we show that if such AdS6 solutions\ud
exist, then the NSNS and RR 3-form fluxes must be linearly independent and\ud
certain spinor bi-linears must be appropriately restricted. Moreover we demonstrate\ud
that the internal space admits an so(3) action which leaves all the fields invariant\ud
and for smooth solutions the principal orbits must have co-dimension two. We also\ud
describe the topology and geometry of internal spaces that admit such a so(3) action\ud
and show that there are no solutions for which the internal space has topology\ud
F × S2, where F is an oriented surface
Lipid bilayer mediates ion-channel cooperativity in a model of hair-cell mechanotransduction.

Mechanoelectrical transduction in the inner ear is a biophysical process underlying the senses of hearing and balance. The key players involved in this process are mechanosensitive ion channels. They are located in the stereocilia of hair cells and opened by the tension in specialized molecular springs, the tip links, connecting adjacent stereocilia. When channels open, the tip links relax, reducing the hair-bundle stiffness. This gating compliance makes hair cells especially sensitive to small stimuli. The classical explanation for the gating compliance is that the conformational rearrangement of a single channel directly shortens the tip link. However, to reconcile theoretical models based on this mechanism with experimental data, an unrealistically large structural change of the channel is required. Experimental evidence indicates that each tip link is a dimeric molecule, associated on average with two channels at its lower end. It also indicates that the lipid bilayer modulates channel gating, although it is not clear how. Here, we design and analyze a model of mechanotransduction where each tip link attaches to two channels, mobile within the membrane. Their states and positions are coupled by membrane-mediated elastic forces arising from the interaction between the channels' hydrophobic cores and that of the lipid bilayer. This coupling induces cooperative opening and closing of the channels. The model reproduces the main properties of hair-cell mechanotransduction using only realistic parameters constrained by experimental evidence. This work provides an insight into the fundamental role that membrane-mediated ion-channel cooperativity can play in sensory physiology
Suppressing exchange effects in diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy.

In diffusion-ordered spectroscopy (DOSY) the aim is to separate signals from different molecular species according to their different diffusion coefficients. Each species has its individual diffusion coefficient (that may accidentally coincide with that of another species, e.g. if they are of very similar size). In exchanging systems, however, there is a serious complication in that the apparent diffusion coefficient of an exchanging signal will be a compromise that depends, among other factors, on the diffusion coefficients of the exchange partners and the rate of exchange between them. The DOSY spectrum will be much harder to interpret and can often give the appearance of extra (spurious) components in the mixture. Here a new and surprisingly simple experiment is described that suppresses the effects of exchange on apparent diffusion coefficients, restoring the simplicity of interpretation enjoyed by non-exchanging systems
Search for new phenomena in high-mass diphoton final states using 37 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions collected at √s=13TeV with the ATLAS detector

Searches for new phenomena in high-mass diphoton final states with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC are presented. The analysis is based on pp collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.7 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy √s=13TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016. Searches are performed for resonances with spin 0, as predicted by theories with an extended Higgs sector, and for resonances with spin 2, using a warped extra-dimension model as a benchmark model, as well as for non-resonant signals, assuming a large extra-dimension scenario. No significant deviation from the Standard Model is observed. Upper limits are placed on the production cross section times branching ratio to two photons as a function of the resonance mass. In addition, lower limits are set on the ultraviolet cutoff scale in the large extra-dimensions model
Effect of cold spells and their modifiers on cardiovascular disease events : evidence from two prospective studies

Objective: To investigate effects of cold weather spells on incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and potential effect modification of socio-demographic, clinical, behavioural and environmental exposures. Methods: Data from two prospective studies were analysed: the British Regional Heart Study (BRHS), a population-based study of British men aged 60?79 years, followed for CVD incidence from 1998?2000 to 2012; and the PROSPER study of men and women aged 70?82 recruited to a trial of pravastatin vs placebo from 1997 to 9 (followed until 2009). Cold spells were defined as at least three consecutive days when daily mean temperature fell below the monthly 10th percentile specific to the closest local weather station. A timestratified case-crossover approach was used to estimate associations between cold spells and CVD events. Results: 921 of 4252 men from BRHS and 760 of 2519 participants from PROSPER suffered a first CVD event during follow-up. More CVD events were registered in winter in both studies. The risk ratio (RR) associated with cold spells was statistically significant in BRHS (RR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.30?2.65, p b 0.001), and independent of temperature level: results were similar whether events were fatal or non-fatal. Increased risk was particularly marked in BRHS for ever-smokers (RR of 2.44 vs 0.99 for never-smokers), in moderate/heavy drinkers (RR 2.59 vs 1.41), and during winter months (RR 3.28 vs 1.25). No increased risk was found in PROSPER. Conclusions: Although CVD risks were higher in winter in both BRHS and PROSPER prospective studies, cold spells increased risk of CVD events, independently of cold temperature, in the BRHS only
Sulphate partitioning into calcite: Experimental verification of pH control and application to seasonality in speleothems

Carbonate-associated sulphate (CAS) is a useful carrier of palaeoenvironmental information throughout the geologic record, particularly through its stable isotope composition. However, a paucity of experimental data restricts quantitative understanding of sulphate incorporation into carbonates, and consequently CAS concentrations and their diagenetic modifications are rarely interpreted. However, in the case of calcite speleothems, the remarkably high-resolution CAS records which are obtainable via modern microanalytical techniques represent a potentially invaluable source of palaeoenvironmental information. Here, we describe the results of controlled experiments of sulphate co-precipitation with calcite in freshwater solutions where pH, saturation state, and sulphate concentration were varied independently of each other. Solution pH is confirmed as the principal control on sulphate incorporation into calcite. The relative efficiency of incorporation was calculated as a partition coefficient Dₛₒ₄=(mSO₄/mCO₃)solid/(mSO₄/mCO₃)solution. High crystal growth rates (driven by either pH or saturation state) encouraged higher values of Dₛₒ₄ because of an increasing concentration of defect sites on crystal surfaces. At low growth rates, Dₛₒ₄ was reduced due to an inferred competition between sulphate and bicarbonate at the calcite surface. These experimental results are applied to understand the incorporation of sulphate into speleothem calcite. The experimentally determined pH-dependence suggests that strong seasonal variations in cave air PCO₂ could account for annual cycles in sulphate concentration observed in stalagmites. Our new experimentally determined values of Dₛₒ₄ were compared with Dₛₒ₄ values calculated from speleothem-drip water monitoring from two caves within the Austrian and Italian Alps. At Obir cave, Austria, Dₛₒ₄ (×10⁵) varies between 11.1 (winter) and 9.0 (summer) and the corresponding figures for Ernesto cave, Italy, are 15.4 (winter) and 14.9 (summer). These values approximate predicted Dₛₒ₄ values based on our chamber experiments containing both low (2 ppm) and high (20 ppm) sulphate concentrations. Our experimental values of Dₛₒ₄ obtained at crystal growth rates typical of stalagmites, closely match those observed in other cave sites from around the world. This validates the universality of the controls behind Dₛₒ₄ and will enhance the use of speleothem CAS as a palaeoenvironmental proxy
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar catalog : fourteenth data release

We present the data release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities Mi [z = 2] < −20.5 (in a Λ CDM cosmology with H0 = 70 km s−1 Mpc−1, ΩM =0.3, and ΩΛ = 0.7), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum larger than 500 km s−1 or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II, and III. The catalog contains 526 356 quasars (144 046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9376 deg2 (2044 deg2 having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. Redshifts are provided for the Mg II emission line. The catalog identifies 21 877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents five-band (u, g, r, i, z) CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys. The calibrated digital spectra, covering the wavelength region 3610–10 140 Å at a spectral resolution in the range 1300 < R < 2500, can be retrieved from the SDSS Science Archiver Server.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
K2-30 b and K2-34 b: Two inflated hot Jupiters around solar-type stars

We report the discovery of the two hot Jupiters K2-30 b and K2-34 b. The two planets were detected during campaigns 4 and 5 of the extension of the Kepler mission, K2; they transit their main-sequence stars with periods of ~4.099 and ~2.996 days. Subsequent ground-based radial velocity follow-up with SOPHIE, HARPS-N, and CAFE established the planetary nature of the transiting objects. We analyzed the transit signal, radial velocity, and spectral energy distributions of the two systems to characterize their properties. Both planets (K2-30 b and K2-34 b) are bloated hot Jupiters (1.20 RJup and 1.22 RJup) around relatively bright (V = 13.5 and V = 11.5) slow rotating main-sequence (G8 and F9) stars. Thus, these systems are good candidates for detecting the Rossiter-MacLaughlin effect in order to measure their obliquity and for atmospheric studies.Fil: Lillo Box, J.. Centro de Astrobiología; EspañaFil: Demangeon, O.. Aix Marseille Université,; FranciaFil: Santerne, A..  Universidade do Porto,; PortugalFil: Barros, S. C. C..  Universidade do Porto,; PortugalFil: Barrado, D..  Centro de Astrobiología; EspañaFil: Hébrard, G.. Université Pierre & Marie Curie; FranciaFil: Osborn, H. P.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Armstrong, D. J.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Almenara, J. M.. Université Grenoble Alpes; FranciaFil: Boisse, I.. Aix Marseille Université; FranciaFil: Bouchy, F.. Aix Marseille Université; FranciaFil: Brown, D. J. A.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Courcol, B.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Deleuil, M.. Aix Marseille Université; FranciaFil: Delgado Mena, E..  Universidade do Porto; PortugalFil: Diaz, Rodrigo Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Kirk, J.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Lam, K. W. F.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: McCormac, J.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Pollacco, D.. University Of Warwick; Reino UnidoFil: Rajpurohit, A.. Aix Marseille Université,; FranciaFil: Rey, J.. Observatoire Astronomique de l’Université de Genève; SuizaFil: Santos, N. C..  Universidade do Porto; PortugalFil: Sousa, S. G..  Universidade do Porto; PortugalFil: Tsantaki, M.. Universidade do Porto; PortugalFil: Wilson, P. A.. Université Pierre & Marie Curie; Franci
The CARMENES search for exoplanets around M dwarfs High-resolution optical and near-infrared spectroscopy of 324 survey stars

The CARMENES radial velocity (RV) survey is observing 324 M dwarfs to search for any orbiting planets. In this paper, we present the survey sample by publishing one CARMENES spectrum for each M dwarf. These spectra cover the wavelength range 520-1710 nm at a resolution of at least R > 80 000, and we measure its RV, Ha emission, and projected rotation velocity. We present an atlas of high-resolution M-dwarf spectra and compare the spectra to atmospheric models. To quantify the RV precision that can be achieved in low-mass stars over the CARMENES wavelength range, we analyze our empirical information on the RV precision from more than 6500 observations. We compare our high-resolution M-dwarf spectra to atmospheric models where we determine the spectroscopic RV information content, Q, and signal-to-noise ratio. We find that for all M-type dwarfs, the highest RV precision can be reached in the wavelength range 700-900 nm. Observations at longer wavelengths are equally precise only at the very latest spectral types (M8 and M9). We demonstrate that in this spectroscopic range, the large amount of absorption features compensates for the intrinsic faintness of an M7 star. To reach an RV precision of 1 m s(-1) in very low mass M dwarfs at longer wavelengths likely requires the use of a 10 m class telescope. For spectral types M6 and earlier, the combination of a red visual and a near-infrared spectrograph is ideal to search for low-mass planets and to distinguish between planets and stellar variability. At a 4m class telescope, an instrument like CARMENES has the potential to push the RV precision well below the typical jitter level of 3-4 m s(-1)
Finite volume POD-Galerkin stabilised reduced order methods for the parametrised incompressible Navier–Stokes equations

In this work a stabilised and reduced Galerkin projection of the incompressible unsteady Navier–Stokes equations for moderate Reynolds number is presented. The full-order model, on which the Galerkin projection is applied, is based on a finite volumes approximation. The reduced basis spaces are constructed with a POD approach. Two different pressure stabilisation strategies are proposed and compared: the former one is based on the supremizer enrichment of the velocity space, and the latter one is based on a pressure Poisson equation approach
Trauma, memory and landscape in Queensland: women writing 'A New Alphabet of Moss and Water'

The cultural association of Queensland with a condition of imagination or unreality has a strong history. Queensland has always 'retained much of its quality as an abstraction, an idea', asserts Thea Astley in her famous essay on the state's identity (Astley 1976: 263). In one of the most quoted descriptions of Queensland's literary representation, Pat Buckridge draws attention to its 'othering', suggesting that Queensland possesses 'a different sense of distance, different architecture, a different apprehension of time, a distinctive preoccupation with personal eccentricity, and . . . a strong sense of cultural antitheses' (1976: 30). Rosie Scott comes closest to the concerns of this present article when she asserts that this so-called difference 'is definitely partly to do with the landscape. In Brisbane, for instance, the rickety old wooden Queenslanders drenched in bougainvillea, the palms, the astounding number of birds even in Red Hill where I lived, the jacarandas, are all unique in Australia' (quoted in Sheahan-Bright and Glover 2002: xv). For Vivienne Muller, Buckridge's 'cultural antitheses' are most clearly expressed in precisely this interpretation of Queensland as a place somewhere between imagined wilderness and paradise (2001: 72). Thus, as Gillian Whitlock suggests, such differences are primarily fictional constructs that feed 'an image making process founded more on nationalist debates about city and bush, centre and periphery, the Southern states versus the Deep North than on any 'real' sense of regionalism' (quoted in Muller 2001: 80). Queensland, in this reading, is subject to the Orientalist discourse of an Australian national identity in which the so-called civilisation of the south-eastern urban capitals necessitates a dark 'other'. I want to draw out this understanding of the landscape as it is imagined in Queensland women's writing. Gail Reekie (1994: 8) suggests that, 'Women's sense of place, of region, is powerfully constructed by their marginality to History.' These narratives do assert Queensland's 'difference', but as part of an articulation of psychological extremity experienced by those living on the edges of a simultaneously ideological and geographically limited space. The Queensland landscape, I argue, is thus used as both setting for and symbol of traumatic experience.
The Impact of Non-Equipartition on Cosmological Parameter Estimation
  from Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Surveys

The collisionless accretion shock at the outer boundary of a galaxy cluster
should primarily heat the ions instead of electrons since they carry most of
the kinetic energy of the infalling gas. Near the accretion shock, the density
of the intracluster medium is very low and the Coulomb collisional timescale is
longer than the accretion timescale. Electrons and ions may not achieve
equipartition in these regions. Numerical simulations have shown that the
Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observables (e.g., the integrated Comptonization parameter
Y) for relaxed clusters can be biased by a few percent. The Y-mass relation can
be biased if non-equipartition effects are not properly taken into account.
Using a set of hydrodynamical simulations, we have calculated three potential
systematic biases in the Y-mass relations introduced by non-equipartition
effects during the cross-calibration or self-calibration when using the galaxy
cluster abundance technique to constraint cosmological parameters. We then use
a semi-analytic technique to estimate the non-equipartition effects on the
distribution functions of Y (Y functions) determined from the extended
Press-Schechter theory. Depending on the calibration method, we find that
non-equipartition effects can induce systematic biases on the Y functions, and
the values of the cosmological parameters Omega_8, sigma_8, and the dark energy
equation of state parameter w can be biased by a few percent. In particular,
non-equipartition effects can introduce an apparent evolution in w of a few
percent in all of the systematic cases we considered. Techniques are suggested
to take into account the non-equipartition effect empirically when using the
cluster abundance technique to study precision cosmology. We conclude that
systematic uncertainties in the Y-mass relation of even a few percent can
introduce a comparable level of biases in cosmological parameter measurements.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
  Journal, abstract abridged slightly. Typos corrected in version
Thermodynamics and Structural Properties of the High Density Gaussian
  Core Model

We numerically study thermodynamic and structural properties of the
one-component Gaussian core model (GCM) at very high densities. The solid-fluid
phase boundary is carefully determined. We find that the density dependence of
both the freezing and melting temperatures obey the asymptotic relation, $\log
T_f$, $\log T_m \propto -\rho^{2/3}$, where $\rho$ is the number density, which
is consistent with Stillinger's conjecture. Thermodynamic quantities such as
the energy and pressure and the structural functions such as the static
structure factor are also investigated in the fluid phase for a wide range of
temperature above the phase boundary. We compare the numerical results with the
prediction of the liquid theory with the random phase approximation (RPA). At
high temperatures, the results are in almost perfect agreement with RPA for a
wide range of density, as it has been already shown in the previous studies. In
the low temperature regime close to the phase boundary line, although RPA fails
to describe the structure factors and the radial distribution functions at the
length scales of the interparticle distance, it successfully predicts their
behaviors at shorter length scales. RPA also predicts thermodynamic quantities
such as the energy, pressure, and the temperature at which the thermal
expansion coefficient becomes negative, almost perfectly. Striking ability of
RPA to predict thermodynamic quantities even at high densities and low
temperatures is understood in terms of the decoupling of the length scales
which dictate thermodynamic quantities from the interparticle distance which
dominates the peak structures of the static structure factor due to the
softness of the Gaussian core potential.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure
Casimir-Polder potential for a metallic cylinder in cosmic string
  spacetime

Casimir-Polder potential is investigated for a polarizable microparticle in
the geometry of a straight cosmic string with a metallic cylindrical shell. The
electromagnetic field Green tensor is evaluated on the imaginary frequency
axis. The expressions for the Casimir-Polder potential is derived in the
general case of anisotropic polarizability for the both interior and exterior
regions of the shell. The potential is decomposed into pure string and
shell-induced parts. The latter dominates for points near the shell, whereas
the pure string part is dominant near the string and at large distances from
the shell. For the isotropic case and in the region inside the shell the both
pure string and shell-induced parts in the Casimir-Polder force are repulsive
with respect to the string. In the exterior region the shell-induced part of
the force is directed toward the cylinder whereas the pure string part remains
repulsive with respect to the string. At large distances from the shell the
total force is repulsive.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figur