pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Planck 2015 results. I. Overview of products and scientific results

The European Space Agency's Planck satellite, dedicated to studying the early
Universe and its subsequent evolution, was launched 14~May 2009 and scanned the
microwave and submillimetre sky continuously between 12~August 2009 and
23~October 2013. In February~2015, ESA and the Planck Collaboration released
the second set of cosmology products based on data from the entire Planck
mission, including both temperature and polarization, along with a set of
scientific and technical papers and a web-based explanatory supplement. This
paper gives an overview of the main characteristics of the data and the data
products in the release, as well as the associated cosmological and
astrophysical science results and papers. The science products include maps of
the cosmic microwave background (CMB), the thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect,
and diffuse foregrounds in temperature and polarization, catalogues of compact
Galactic and extragalactic sources (including separate catalogues of
Sunyaev-Zeldovich clusters and Galactic cold clumps), and extensive simulations
of signals and noise used in assessing the performance of the analysis methods
and assessment of uncertainties. The likelihood code used to assess
cosmological models against the Planck data are described, as well as a CMB
lensing likelihood. Scientific results include cosmological parameters deriving
from CMB power spectra, gravitational lensing, and cluster counts, as well as
constraints on inflation, non-Gaussianity, primordial magnetic fields, dark
energy, and modified gravity.Comment: 40 pages, 24 figure
Infrared study of H1743-322 in outburst: a radio-quiet and NIR-dim
  microquasar

The X-ray binary, black hole candidate, and microquasar H1743-322 exhibited a
series of X-ray outbursts between 2003 and 2008. We took optical/infrared (OIR)
observations with the ESO/NTT telescope during 3 of these outbursts (2003,
2004, and 2008), to study its spectral energy distribution (SED).
  We detect rapid flares of duration ~5 mn in the high time-resolution IR
lightcurve. We identify H and He emission lines in the IR spectra, coming from
the accretion disk. The IR SED exhibits the spectral index typically associated
with the X-ray high, soft state in our observations taken during the 2003 and
2004 outbursts, while the index changes to one that is typical of the X-ray
low, hard state during the 2008 outburst. During this last outburst, we
detected a change of slope in the NIR spectrum between the J and Ks bands,
where the JH part is characteristic of an optically thick disk emission, while
the HKs part is typical of optically thin synchrotron emission. Furthermore,
the comparison of our IR data with radio and X-ray data shows that H1743-322
exhibits a faint jet both in radio and NIR domains. Finally, we suggest that
the companion star is a late-type main sequence star located in the Galactic
bulge.
  These OIR photometric and spectroscopic observations of the microquasar
H1743-322, the first of this source to be published in a broad multiwavelength
context, allow us to unambiguously identify two spectra of different origins in
the OIR domain, evolving from optically thick thermal emission to optically
thin synchrotron emission toward longer wavelengths. Comparing these OIR
observations with other black hole candidates suggests that H1743-322 behaves
like a radio-quiet and NIR-dim black hole in the low, hard state. This study
will be useful when quantitatively comparing the overall contribution of the
compact jet and accretion flow in the energy budget of microquasars.Comment: accepted in A&A, 9 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, abstract has been
  reduced to comply with arXiv requirement
Finite Blaschke products and the construction of rational $\Gamma$-inner
  functions

Let \[ \Gamma = \{(z+w, zw): |z|\leq 1, |w|\leq 1\} \subset \mathbb{C}^2. \]
A $\Gamma$-inner function is defined to be a holomorphic map $h$ from the unit
disc $\mathbb{D}$ to $\Gamma$ whose boundary values at almost all points of the
unit circle $\mathbb{T}$ belong to the distinguished boundary $b\Gamma$ of
$\Gamma$. A rational $\Gamma$-inner function $h$ induces a continuous map
$h|_\mathbb{T}$ from the unit circle to $b\Gamma$. The latter set is
topologically a M\"obius band and so has fundamental group $\mathbb{Z}$. The
{\em degree} of $h$ is defined to be the topological degree of $h|_\mathbb{T}$.
In a previous paper the authors showed that if $h=(s,p)$ is a rational
$\Gamma$-inner function of degree $n$ then $s^2-4p$ has exactly $n$ zeros in
the closed unit disc $\mathbb{D}^-$, counted with an appropriate notion of
multiplicity. In this paper, with the aid of a solution of an interpolation
problem for finite Blaschke products, we explicitly construct the rational
$\Gamma$-inner functions of degree $n$ with the $n$ zeros of $s^2-4p$ and the
corresponding values of $s$, prescribed.Comment: 35 pages. This is the revised version after referees'reports, Journal
  of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, 201
First measurement of the differential branching fraction and $C\!P$
  asymmetry of the $B^\pm\to\pi^\pm\mu^+\mu^-$ decay

The differential branching fraction with respect to the dimuon invariant mass
squared, and the $C\!P$ asymmetry of the $B^\pm\to\pi^\pm\mu^+\mu^-$ decay are
measured for the first time. The CKM matrix elements $|V_{td}|$ and $|V_{ts}|$,
and the ratio $|V_{td}/V_{ts}|$ are determined. The analysis is performed using
proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0
fb$^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and
8 TeV. The total branching fraction and $C\!P$ asymmetry of
$B^\pm\to\pi^\pm\mu^+\mu^-$ decays are measured to be \begin{eqnarray}
\mathcal{B}(B^\pm\to\pi^\pm\mu^+\mu^-) &=& (1.83 \pm 0.24 \pm 0.05) \times
10^{-8}\,\,\,\mathrm{and} \nonumber\\
\mathcal{A}_{C\!P}(B^\pm\to\pi^\pm\mu^+\mu^-) &=& -0.11 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.01\,,
\nonumber \end{eqnarray} where the first uncertainties are statistical and the
second are systematic. These are the most precise measurements of these
observables to date, and they are compatible with the predictions of the
Standard Model
Doppler-beaming in the Kepler light curve of LHS 6343 A (Research Note)

E.H. and I.R. acknowledge ancillary support from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) and the ”Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional” (FEDER) through grant AYA2012- 39612-C03-01. C.J. acknowledges support from the /MINECO/ (Spanish Ministry of Economy) - FEDER through grant AYA2009-14648-C02-01, AYA2010-12176-E, AYA2012-39551-C02-01 and CONSOLIDER CSD2007-00050. E.H. is supported by a JAE Pre-Doc grant (CSIC).Context. Kepler observations revealed a brown dwarf eclipsing the M-type star LHS 6343 A with a period of 12.71 days. In addition, an out-of-eclipse light modulation with the same period and a relative semi-amplitude of similar to ~2 x 10-4 was observed showing an almost constant phase lag to the eclipses produced by the brown dwarf. In a previous work, we concluded that this was due to the light modulation induced by photospheric active regions in LHS 6343 A. Aims. In the present work, we prove that most of the out-of-eclipse light modulation is caused by the Doppler-beaming induced by the orbital motion of the primary star. Methods. We introduce a model of the Doppler-beaming for an eccentric orbit and also considered the ellipsoidal effect. The data were fitted using a Bayesian approach implemented through a Markov chain Monte Carlo method. Model residuals were analysed by searching for periodicities using a Lomb-Scargle periodogram. Results. For the first seven quarters of Kepler observations and the orbit previously derived from the radial velocity measurements, we show that the light modulation of the system outside eclipses is dominated by the Doppler-beaming effect. A period search performed on the residuals shows a significant periodicity of 42.5 ± 3.2 days with a false-alarm probability of 5 x 10-4, probably associated with the rotational modulation of the primary component.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Black probes of Schrödinger spacetimes

We consider black probes of Anti-de Sitter and Schrödinger spacetimes embedded in string theory and M-theory and construct perturbatively new black hole geometries. We begin by reviewing black string configurations in Anti-de Sitter dual to finite temperature Wilson loops in the deconfined phase of the gauge theory and generalise the construction to the confined phase. We then consider black strings in thermal Schrödinger, obtained via a null Melvin twist of the extremal D3-brane, and construct three distinct types of black string configurations with spacelike as well as lightlike separated boundary endpoints. One of these configurations interpolates between the Wilson loop operators, with bulk duals defined in Anti-de Sitter and another class of Wilson loop operators, with bulk duals defined in Schrödinger. The case of black membranes with boundary endpoints on the M5-brane dual to Wilson surfaces in the gauge theory is analysed in detail. Four types of black membranes, ending on the null Melvin twist of the extremal M5-brane exhibiting the Schrödinger symmetry group, are then constructed. We highlight the differences between Anti-de Sitter and Schrödinger backgrounds and make some comments on the properties of the corresponding dual gauge theories
Collider signatures of a light NMSSM pseudoscalar in neutralino decays in the light of LHC results

We investigate signatures induced by a very light pseudoscalar Higgs in neutralino decays in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) and determine their observability at the LHC. We concentrate on scenarios which feature two light scalar Higgs bosons (one of them is SM-like with a mass of 125 GeV and a singlet-like lighter one) with a very light (singlet-like) pseudoscalar Higgs in the mass range 2 m τ < $ {m_{{a_1^0}}} $ < 2 m b . We consider neutralino-chargino pair production and the subsequent decay $ \widetilde{\chi}_{2,3}^0\to\ \widetilde{\chi}_1^0a_1^0 $ , which leads to topologies involving multi-leptons and missing transverse energy. We determine a set of selection cuts that can effectively isolate the signal from backgrounds of the Standard Model or the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We also exemplify the procedure with a set of benchmark points, for which we compute the expected number of events and signal strength for LHC with 8 TeV center of mass energy. We show that this signal can already be probed for some points in the NMSSM parameter space
Cosmological constraints on ghost dark energy in the Brans–Dicke theory by using MCMC approach

By using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation, we investigate cosmological constraints on the ghost dark energy (GDE) model in the framework of the Brans–Dicke (BD) theory. A combination of the latest observational data of the cosmic microwave background radiation data from seven-year WMAP, the baryon acoustic oscillation data form the SDSS, the supernovae type Ia data from the Union2 and the X-ray gas mass fraction data from the Chandra X-ray observations of the largest relaxed galaxy clusters are used to perform constraints on GDE in the BD cosmology. In this paper, we consider both flat and non-flat universes together with interaction between dark matter and dark energy. The main cosmological parameters are obtained as: <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>0.0223</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.0013</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.0016</mn></mrow></msubsup></math> , <math altimg="si2.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">c</mi></mrow></msub><msup><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>0.1149</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.0104</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.0088</mn></mrow></msubsup></math> and <math altimg="si3.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>Ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><msubsup><mrow><mn>0.0005</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>0.0073</mn></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>0.0025</mn></mrow></msubsup></math> . In addition, the Brans–Dicke parameter ω is estimated as <math altimg="si4.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><mi>ω</mi><mo>≃</mo><mn>0.002</mn></math>
Supersymmetric black holes in AdS 4 from very special geometry

Supersymmetric black holes in AdS spacetime are inherently interesting for the AdS/CFT correspondence. Within a four dimensional gauged supergravity theory coupled to vector multiplets, the only analytic solutions for regular, supersymmetric, static black holes in AdS 4 are those in the STU-model due to Cacciatori and Klemm. We study a class of U (1)-gauged supergravity theories coupled to vector multiplets which have a cubic prepotential, the scalar manifold is then a very special Kähler manifold. When the resulting very special Kähler manifold is a homogeneous space, we find analytic solutions for static, supersymmetric AdS 4 black holes with vanishing axions. The horizon geometries of our solutions are constant curvature Riemann surfaces of arbitrary genus
On one-loop corrections in the standard model effective field theory; the Γ( h → γγ ) case

We calculate one loop contributions to Γ( h → γγ ) from higher dimensional operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). Some technical challenges related to determining Electroweak one loop “finite terms” are discussed and overcome. Although we restrict our attention to Γ( h → γγ ), several developments we report have broad implications. Firstly, the running of the vacuum expectation value (vev) modifies the log( μ ) dependence of processes in a manner that is not captured in some past SMEFT Renormalization Group (RG) calculations. Secondly, higher dimensional operators can source ghost interactions in R ξ gauges due to a modified gauge fixing procedure. Lastly, higher dimensional operators can contribute with pure finite terms at one loop in a manner that is not anticipated in a RG analysis. These results cast recent speculation on the nature of one loop corrections in the SMEFT in an entirely new light
Ecdysone differentially regulates metamorphic timing relative to 20-hydroxyecdysone by antagonizing juvenile hormone in Drosophila melanogaster.

In insects, a steroid hormone, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), plays important roles in the regulation of developmental transitions by initiating signaling cascades via the ecdysone receptor (EcR). Although 20E has been well characterized as the molting hormone, its precursor ecdysone (E) has been considered to be a relatively inactive compound because it has little or no effect on classic EcR mediated responses. I found that feeding E to wild-type third instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster accelerates the metamorphic timing, which results in elevation of lethality during metamorphosis and reduced body size, while 20E has only a minor effect. The addition of a juvenile hormone analog (JHA) to E impeded their precocious pupariation and thereby rescued the reduced body size. The ability of JHA impeding the effect of E was not observed in the Methoprene-tolerant (Met) and germ-cell expressed (gce) double mutant animals lacking JH signaling, indicating that antagonistic action of JH against E is transduced via a primary JH receptor, Met, or a product of its homolog, Gce. I also found that L3 larvae are susceptible to E around the time when they reach their minimum viable weight. These results indicate that E, and not just 20E, is also essential for proper regulation of developmental timing and body size. Furthermore, the precocious pupariation triggered by E is impeded by the action of JH to ensure that animals attain body size to survive metamorphosis
Reconstruction of changes in the Weddell Sea sector of the Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum.

The Weddell Sea sector is one of the main formation sites for Antarctic Bottom Water and an outlet for about one fifth of Antarctica's continental ice volume. Over the last few decades, studies on glacial–geological records in this sector have provided conflicting reconstructions of changes in ice-sheet extent and ice-sheet thickness since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM at ca 23–19 calibrated kiloyears before present, cal ka BP). Terrestrial geomorphological records and exposure ages obtained from rocks in the hinterland of the Weddell Sea, ice-sheet thickness constraints from ice cores and some radiocarbon dates on offshore sediments were interpreted to indicate no significant ice thickening and locally restricted grounding-line advance at the LGM. Other marine geological and geophysical studies concluded that subglacial bedforms mapped on the Weddell Sea continental shelf, subglacial deposits and sediments over-compacted by overriding ice recovered in cores, and the few available radiocarbon ages from marine sediments are consistent with major ice-sheet advance at the LGM. Reflecting the geological interpretations, different ice-sheet models have reconstructed conflicting LGM ice-sheet configurations for the Weddell Sea sector. Consequently, the estimated contributions of ice-sheet build-up in the Weddell Sea sector to the LGM sea-level low-stand of ∼130 m vary considerably.\ud
\ud
In this paper, we summarise and review the geological records of past ice-sheet margins and past ice-sheet elevations in the Weddell Sea sector. We compile marine and terrestrial chronological data constraining former ice-sheet size, thereby highlighting different levels of certainty, and present two alternative scenarios of the LGM ice-sheet configuration, including time-slice reconstructions for post-LGM grounding-line retreat. Moreover, we discuss consistencies and possible reasons for inconsistencies between the various reconstructions and propose objectives for future research. The aim of our study is to provide two alternative interpretations of glacial–geological datasets on Antarctic Ice-Sheet History for the Weddell Sea sector, which can be utilised to test and improve numerical ice-sheet models
Through-life systems engineering design & support with SysML.

New system capability needs have been evaluated based primarily on the product design characteristics. This process neglects the other areas of the system design such as operational availability. The proposed solution takes a more holistic view of system capability identification and trade-off analysis. This solution will consider the combination of both operations and support environments with through-life predictions of the key performance indicators of the various options, while using the systems modelling language (SysML) integrated with SimuLink. This involves using SysML to provide engineering templates, modular assembly of simulation scenarios and a matrix trade-off method using stochastic information
Concurrent parent–child relationship quality is associated with an imprinting-like effect in children’s facial preferences.

Humans have been shown to display phenomena resembling sexual imprinting, whereby adults are attracted to features in potential mates which resemble their opposite sex parent. In humans this may be particularly so when the parent–child relationship is positive, but there are currently limited data elucidating the causes of these patterns. Here we investigate whether such preferences can be documented in children on the cusp of puberty, for whom prospective data exist on parent–child relationships. Sixty 9-year-olds and their parents were recruited from a British longitudinal sample who have been studied since infancy. Parents were photographed and children were then presented with stimuli in which a computer generated face was manipulated to appear more or less like the parent. Children also reported on their current relationship with each parent. Although attachment at 15 months did not predict imprinting at 9 years of age, children reporting a more accepting current relationship with their parents preferred parental features significantly more than those who reported a more rejecting relationship with their parents. These data support the suggestion that imprinting-like phenomena in humans may arise through associative learning
Synthesis, Ni(II) Schiff base complexation and structural analysis of fluorinated analogs of the ligand (S)-2-[N-(N′-benzylprolyl)amino]benzophenone (BPB).

Herein we report the first X-ray crystal structure of the well-known (S)-l-ala-Ni-BPB complex (1) and compare this with the X-ray crystal structures obtained for two novel fluorinated (S)-l-ala-Ni-BPB complexes (8 and 12) that contain either an S- or R-fluorine atom on the proline ring of the BPB ligand. The preparation of complexes 8 and 12 has been enabled by the synthesis of two new fluorinated BPB ligands (7 and 11). In this work we looked to observe the structural effects that the introduction of a single fluorine atom had on the known complex 1. Arising from this, we highlight a novel fluorine–nickel interaction that on the basis of DFT calculations appears to provide additional stabilization to one of the complexes prepared ((S)-l-ala-Ni-BPB complex 8)
The influence of melt flux and crustal processing on Re-Os isotope systematics of ocean island basalts : constraints from Galápagos.

Galápagos basalts with the most radiogenic 187Os/188Os (up to 0.1875) typically have moderate MgO (7–9 wt.%) and low Os (&lt;50 pg g−1) but have contrastingly unenriched Sr, Nd and Pb isotope signatures. We interpret this decoupling of chalcophile and lithophile isotopic systems as due to assimilation of young Pacific lower crust during crystal fractionation. Mixing models show the assimilated crust must have higher contents of Re and Os, and more radiogenic 187Os/188Os (0.32), than previously proposed for oceanic gabbros. We suggest the inferred, exceptionally-high radiogenic 187Os of the Pacific crust may be localised and due to sulfides precipitated from hydrothermal systems established at the Galápagos Spreading Centre.\ud
\ud
High 187Os/188Os Galápagos basalts are found where plume material is being dispersed laterally away from the plume stem to the adjacent spreading centre (i.e. in central and NE parts of the archipelago). The extent to which crustal processing influences 187Os/188Os appears to be primarily controlled by melt flux: as distance from the stem of the Galápagos plume increases, the melt flux decreases and crustal assimilation becomes proportionally greater, accounting for co-variations in Os and 187Os/188Os. The Os concentration threshold below which the 187Os/188Os of Galápagos basalts are contaminated (100 pg g−1) is higher than the canonical value (&lt;50 pg g−1) assumed for many other global OIBs (e.g. for Iceland, Grande Comore and Hawaii). This most likely reflects the low overall melt flux to the crust from the Galápagos plume, which has only a moderate excess temperature and buoyancy flux. Our findings have implications for the interpretation of 187Os/188Os ratios in other ocean island settings, especially those where large variations in 187Os/188Os have been linked to heterogeneity in mantle lithology or sulfide populations: the effect of crustal contamination on 187Os/188Os may be greater than previously recognised, particularly for basalts associated with weak, low melt flux mantle plumes, such as Tristan, Bouvet, Crozet and St Helena