pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for third-generation scalar leptoquarks and heavy right-handed neutrinos in final states with two tau leptons and two jets in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV

A search is performed for third-generation scalar leptoquarks and heavy right-handed neutrinos in events containing one electron or muon, one hadronically decaying τ lepton, and at least two jets, using a $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV pp collision data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 $fb^{-1}$ collected with the CMS detector at the LHC in 2016. The number of observed events is found to be in agreement with the standard model prediction. A limit is set at 95% confidence level on the product of the leptoquark pair production cross section and $β^2$, where β is the branching fraction of leptoquark decay to a τ lepton and a bottom quark. Assuming β = 1, third-generation leptoquarks with masses below 850 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. An additional search based on the same event topology involves heavy right-handed neutrinos, $N_R$, and right-handed W bosons, $W_R$, arising in a left-right symmetric extension of the standard model. In this search, $W_R$ bosons are assumed to decay to a tau lepton and $N_R$ followed by the decay of the $N_R$ to a tau lepton and an off-shell $W_R$ boson. Assuming the mass of the right-handed neutrino to be half of the mass of the right-handed W boson, $W_R$ boson masses below 2.9 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. These results improve on the limits from previous searches for third-generation leptoquarks and heavy right-handed neutrinos with τ leptons in the final state
The impact of alcohol consumption on patterns of union formation in Russia 1998–2010: An assessment using longitudinal data

Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, 1998–2010, we investigated the extent to which patterns of alcohol consumption in Russia are associated with the subsequent likelihood of entry into cohabitation and marriage. Using discrete-time event history analysis we estimated for 16–50 year olds the extent to which the probabilities of entry into the two types of union were affected by the amount of alcohol drunk and the pattern of drinking, adjusted to allow for social and demographic factors including income, employment, and health. The results show that individuals who did not drink alcohol were less likely to embark on either cohabitation or marriage, that frequent consumption of alcohol was associated with a greater chance of entering unmarried cohabitation than of entering into a marriage, and that heavy drinkers were less likely to convert their relationship from cohabitation to marriage
The RESOLVE Trial for people with chronic low back pain : protocol for a randomised clinical trial

Low back pain is the leading worldwide cause of disability, and results in significant personal hardship. Most available treatments, when tested in high-quality randomised, controlled trials, achieve only modest improvements in pain, at best. Recently, treatments that target central nervous system function have been developed and tested in small studies. Combining treatments that target central nervous system function with traditional treatments directed towards functioning of the back is a promising approach that has yet to be tested in adequately powered, prospectively registered, clinical trials. The RESOLVE trial will be the first high-quality assessment of two treatment programs that combine central nervous system-directed and traditional interventions in order to improve chronic low back pain
Survival with Newly Diagnosed Metastatic Prostate Cancer in the "Docetaxel Era'': Data from 917 Patients in the Control Arm of the STAMPEDE Trial (MRC PR08, CRUK/06/019)

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common disease among men worldwide. It is important to know survival outcomes and prognostic factors for this disease. Recruitment for the largest therapeutic randomised controlled trial in PCa-the Systemic Therapy inAdvancing orMetastatic Prostate Cancer: Evaluation of Drug Efficacy: A Multi-Stage Multi-Arm Randomised Controlled Trial (STAMPEDE)-includes men with newly diagnosed metastatic PCa who are commencing long-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT); the control arm provides valuable data for a prospective cohort. Objective: Describe survival outcomes, along with current treatment standards and factors associated with prognosis, to inform future trial design in this patient group. Design, setting, and participants: STAMPEDE trial control arm comprising men newly diagnosed with M1 disease who were recruited between October 2005 and January 2014. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Overall survival (OS) and failure-free survival (FFS) were reported by primary disease characteristics using Kaplan-Meier methods. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from multivariate Cox models. Results and limitations: A cohort of 917 men with newly diagnosed M1 disease was recruited to the control arm in the specified interval. Median follow-up was 20 mo. Median age at randomisation was 66 yr (interquartile range [IQR]: 61-71), and median prostate-specific antigen level was 112 ng/ml (IQR: 34-373). Most men (n = 574; 62%) had bone-only metastases, whereas 237 (26%) had both bone and soft tissue metastases; soft tissue metastasis was found mainly in distant lymph nodes. There were 238 deaths, 202 (85%) from PCa. Median FFS was 11 mo; 2-yr FFS was 29% (95% CI, 25-33). Median OS was 42 mo; 2-yr OS was 72% (95% CI, 68-76). Survival time was influenced by performance status, age, Gleason score, and metastases distribution. Median survival after FFS event was 22 mo. Trial eligibility criteria meant men were younger and fitter than general PCa population. Conclusions: Survival remains disappointing in men presenting with M1 disease who are started on only long-term ADT, despite active treatments being available at first failure of ADT. Importantly, men with M1 disease now spend the majority of their remaining life in a state of castration-resistant relapse. Patient summary: Results from this control arm cohort found survival is relatively short and highly influenced by patient age, fitness, and where prostate cancer has spread in the body. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of European Association of Urology
Heat of Absorption of CO2 in Aqueous Solution of DEEA, MAPA and their Mixture

A reaction calorimeter was used to measure the differential heat of absorption of CO2 in phase change solvents as a function of temperature, CO2 loading and solvent composition. The measurements were taken for aqueous solutions of 2-(diethylamino)ethanol (DEEA), 3-(methylamino)propylamine (MAPA) and their mixture. The tested compositions were 5 M DEEA, 2 M MAPA and their mixture, 5 M DEEA + 2 M MAPA which gives two liquid phases on reacting with CO2. Experimental measurements were also carried out for 30% MEA used as a base case. The measurements were taken isothermally at three different temperatures 40, 80 and 120 °C at a CO2 feed pressure of 600 kPa. In single aqueous amine solutions, heat of absorption increases with increase in temperature and depends on the

type of amine used. DEEA, a tertiary amine, has lower heat of absorption compared to MAPA being a diamine with primary and secondary amine functional groups. For amine mixtures, heat of absorption is a function of CO2 loading and temperature. The heat of absorption against CO2 loading depends on the composition of the amines in the mixture. All the measured data in this work were compared with 30% MEA at absorption (40 °C) and desorption (120 °C) conditions.© 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License
Predicting thermal shape recovery of crosslinked polymer networks from linear viscoelasticity

The viscoelastic behavior of an amorphous shape-memory polymer network and its dependence on time and temperature were measured by dynamic mechanical analysis. The resulting thermomechanical behavior was modeled and implemented in a commercial finite element code. The ability of the resulting thermomechanical model to simulate and, eventually, predict the shape storage and shape recovery of the material was evaluated by comparison with experimental shape memory thermomechanical torsion data in a large deformation regimen. The simulations showed excellent agreement with experimental shape memory thermomechanical cycle data. This demonstrates the dependence of the shape recovery on time and temperature. The results suggest that accurate predictions of the shape recovery of any amorphous polymer networks under any thermomechanical conditions combination solely depends on considering the material viscoelasticity and its timetemperature dependence.Projet ANR jeunes chercheurs REFORM 10-JCJC-0917
The binary properties of the pulsating subdwarf B eclipsing binary PG
  1336-018 (NY Vir)

We present an unbiased orbit solution and mass determination of the
components of the eclipsing binary NY Vir as a critical test for the formation
scenarios of subdwarf B stars. We obtained high-resolution time series VLT/UVES
spectra and high-speed multicolour VLT/ULTRACAM photometric observations of NY
Vir, a rapidly pulsating subdwarf B star in a short period eclipsing binary.
Combining the radial velocity curve obtained from the VLT/UVES spectra with the
VLT/ULTRACAM multicolour lightcurves, we determined numerical orbital solutions
for this eclipsing binary. Due to the large number of free parameters and their
strong correlations, no unique solution could be found, only families of
solutions. We present three solutions of equal statistical significance, two of
which are compatible with the primary having gone through a core He-flash and a
common-envelope phase described by the $\alpha$-formalism. These two models
have an sdB primary of 0.466 \msol and 0.389 \msol, respectively. Finally, we
report the detection of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect for NY Vir.Comment: accepted for publication in A&A, 12 pages, 10 figures, 3 table
A Numerical Algorithm for Zero Counting. I: Complexity and Accuracy

We describe an algorithm to count the number of distinct real zeros of a
polynomial (square) system f. The algorithm performs O(n D kappa(f)) iterations
where n is the number of polynomials (as well as the dimension of the ambient
space), D is a bound on the polynomials' degree, and kappa(f) is a condition
number for the system. Each iteration uses an exponential number of operations.
The algorithm uses finite-precision arithmetic and a polynomial bound for the
precision required to ensure the returned output is correct is exhibited. This
bound is a major feature of our algorithm since it is in contrast with the
exponential precision required by the existing (symbolic) algorithms for
counting real zeros. The algorithm parallelizes well in the sense that each
iteration can be computed in parallel polynomial time with an exponential
number of processors.Comment: We made minor but necessary improvements in the presentatio
RG-improved single-particle inclusive cross sections and
  forward-backward asymmetry in $t\bar t$ production at hadron colliders

We use techniques from soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) to derive
renormalization-group improved predictions for single-particle inclusive (1PI)
observables in top-quark pair production at hadron colliders. In particular, we
study the top-quark transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions, the
forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron, and the total cross section at
NLO+NNLL order in resummed perturbation theory and at approximate NNLO in fixed
order. We also perform a detailed analysis of power corrections to the leading
terms in the threshold expansion of the partonic hard-scattering kernels. We
conclude that, although the threshold expansion in 1PI kinematics is
susceptible to numerically significant power corrections, its predictions for
the total cross section are in good agreement with those obtained by
integrating the top-pair invariant-mass distribution in pair invariant-mass
kinematics, as long as a certain set of subleading terms appearing naturally
within the SCET formalism is included.Comment: 55 pages, 14 figures, 6 table
Giant Arc Statistics and Cosmological Parameters

We study with semi-analytical methods the statistics of pronounced arcs
caused by lensing of galaxies by foreground galaxy clusters. For the number
density and redshift distribution of rich clusters we use Press-Schechter
theory, normalized on the basis of empirical data. For the background sources
we make use of observational results in the Hubble Deep Field. We present
results for three different lens models, in particular for the universal
profile suggested by Navarro, Frenk and White. Our primary concern is the
dependence of the expected statistics on the cosmological parameters,
$\Omega_M$, $\Omega_\Lambda$. The theoretical estimates are compared with the
cluster arcs survey EMSS, and the resulting constraints in the $\Omega$-plane
are presented. In spite of considerable theoretical an observational
uncertainties a low-density universe is favored. Degeneracy curves for the
optical depth and likelihood regions for the arc statistics in the
$\Omega$-plane depend only weakly on the cosmological constant.Comment: Presented at the Journees Relativistes 1999, Weimar (September 12-17
Statistical mechanics of screened spatially indirect excitons

We study thermodynamic properties of spatially separated electron-hole plasma
in double-layered systems using Green function formalism. The screening of the
Coulomb interaction is considered in the framework of Thomas-Fermi
approximation, and a qualitatively new mechanism of screening by indirect
excitons is taken into account. The exciton density is shown to decrease
sharply with increasing electron-hole separation up to one exciton Born radius.
The strong mutual enhancement of screening and charge-separation effects is
found.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Extended Huckel theory for bandstructure, chemistry and transport. I.
  Carbon Nanotubes

We describe a semi-empirical atomic basis Extended H\"uckel Theoretical (EHT)
technique that can be used to calculate bulk bandstructure, surface density of
states, electronic transmission and interfacial chemistry of various materials
within the same computational platform. We apply this method to study multiple
technologically important systems, starting with carbon-nanotubes (CNT) and
their interfaces in this paper, and silicon-based heterostructures in our
follow-up paper. We find that when it comes to quantum transport through
interesting, complex heterostructures, the Huckel bandstructure offers a fair
and practical compromise between orthogonal tight-binding theories (OTB) with
limited transferability between environments under large distortion, and
density functional theories (DFT) that are computationally quite expensive for
the same purpose.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure
Persistent Current in Normal Metals

We discuss the recent experiments on persistent current in metallic rings in
the backdrop of low temperature decoherence. The observed size of the
persistent current, typically on the order of the Thouless energy, $ e/\tau_D$,
is much larger than the theoretical results, obtained with or without electron
interaction. In considering the phenomenology of both decoherence and
persistent current, usually observed in similar systems, we argue towards a
dynamic role played by decoherence in the generation of a persistent current. A
field-induced phase shift from near-equilibrium high-frequency
fluctuations---which otherwise gives rise to decoherence---under certain
conditions of periodicity and asymmetry due to disorder, is argued to induce a
steady state diffusion current on the order of $e/\tau_D$, comparable to the
observed persistent current.Comment: 7 pages, in PRB format, 2 figure
Deep Inelastic Scattering in Improved Lattice QCD. II. The second moment
  of structure functions

In this paper we present the 1-loop perturbative computation of the
renormalization constants and mixing coefficients of the lattice quark
operators of rank three whose hadronic elements enter in the determination of
the second moment of Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS) structure functions.
  We have employed in our calculations the nearest-neighbor improved
``clover-leaf'' lattice QCD action. The interest of using this action in Monte
Carlo simulations lies in the fact that all terms which in the continuum limit
are effectively of order $a$ ($a$ being the lattice spacing) have been
demonstrated to be absent from on-shell hadronic lattice matrix elements. We
have limited our computations to the quenched case, in which quark operators do
not mix with gluon operators.
  We have studied the transformation properties under the hypercubic group of
the operators up to the rank five (which are related to moments up to the
fourth of DIS structure functions), and we discuss the choice of the operators
considered in this paper together with the feasibility of lattice computations
for operators of higher ranks.
  To perform the huge amount of calculations required for the evaluation of all
the relevant Feynman diagrams, we have extensively used the symbolic
manipulation languages Schoonschip and Form.Comment: 30 pages, latex + elsart + feynman (complete postscript file
  available upon request to capitani@vxrm70.roma1.infn.it); submitted to
  Nuclear Physics
Enhanced Minijet Production in $A-A$ Collisions from Gluons with Large
  Transverse Momenta

We find supersaturation for the intrinsic gluon distribution of nuclei, i.e.
the low $x$ unintegrated nuclear gluon distribution peaks at intermediate
transverse momenta $k_t=Q_s$ and vanishes at zero $k_t$. Taking into account
the intrinsic transverse momenta of the gluons and the saturation scale $p_s$
of the produced gluons, we calculate the minijet cross section arising from
gluon gluon scattering for RHIC energies. For central collisions at
$\sqrt{s}=200GeV$ the saturation scale $p_s \approx 1.4$ GeV is larger due to
intrinsic $k_t$ effects and increases with energy. Our theoretical results on
charged particle multiplicity agree very well with the recent experimental data
from RHIC.Comment: revised version, small changes for publicatio
Loop Suppression of Dirac Neutrino Mass in the Neutrinophilic Two Higgs
  Doublet Model

We extend the scalar sector of the neutrinophilic two Higgs doublet model,
where small masses of Dirac neutrinos are obtained via a small vacuum
expectation value v_nu of the neutrinophilic SU(2)_L-doublet scalar field which
has a Yukawa interaction with only right-handed neutrinos. A global U(1)_X
symmetry is used for the neutrinophilic nature of the second SU(2)_L-doublet
scalar field and also for eliminating Majorana mass terms of neutrinos. By
virtue of an appropriate assignment of the U(1)_X-charges to new particles, our
model has an unbroken Z_2 symmetry, under which the lightest Z_2-odd scalar
boson can be a dark matter candidate. In our model, v_nu is generated by the
one-loop diagram to which Z_2-odd particles contribute. We briefly discuss a
possible signature of our model at the LHC.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, published in Physics Letters
Strangeness Production in Light and Intermediate size Nucleus-Nucleus
  Collisions

Within the statistical model, the net strangeness conservation and incomplete
total strangeness equilibration lead to the suppression of strange particle
multiplicities. Furthermore, suppression effects appear to be stronger in small
systems. By treating the production of strangeness within the canonical
ensemble formulation we developed a simple model which allows to predict the
excitation function of $K^+/\pi^+$ ratio in nucleus-nucleus collisions. In
doing so we assumed that different values of $K^+/\pi^+$, measured in p+p and
Pb+Pb interactions at the same collision energy per nucleon, are driven by the
finite size effects only. These predictions may serve as a baseline for
experimental results from NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS and the future CBM
experiment at FAIR
Evolution of the mass, size, and star formation rate in high-redshift
  merging galaxies MIRAGE - A new sample of simulations with detailed stellar
  feedback

We aim at addressing the questions related to galaxy mass assembly through
major and minor wet merging processes in the redshift range 1<z<2. A consequent
fraction of Milky Way like galaxies are thought to have undergone an unstable
clumpy phase at this early stage. Using the adaptive mesh refinement code
RAMSES, with a recent physically-motivated implementation of stellar feedback,
we build the Merging and Isolated high-Redshift Adaptive mesh refinement
Galaxies (MIRAGE) sample. It is composed of 20 mergers and 3 isolated idealized
disks simulations with global physical properties in accordance with the 1<z<2
mass complete sample MASSIV. The numerical hydrodynamical resolution reaches 7
parsecs in the smallest Eulerian cells. Our simulations include: star
formation, metal line cooling, metallicity advection, and a recent
implementation of stellar feedback which encompasses OB-type stars radiative
pressure, photo-ionization heating, and supernovae. The initial conditions are
set to match the z~2 observations, thanks to a new public code DICE. The
numerical resolution allows us to follow the formation and evolution of giant
clumps formed in-situ from Jeans instabilities triggered by high initial gas
fraction. The star formation history of isolated disks shows stochastic star
formation rate, which proceeds from the complex behavior of the giant clumps.
Our minor and major gas-rich merger simulations do not trigger starbursts,
suggesting a saturation of the star formation in a turbulent and clumpy
interstellar medium fed by substantial accretion from the circum-galactic
medium. Our simulations are close to the normal regime of the disk-like star
formation on a Schmidt-Kennicutt diagram. The mass-size relation and its rate
of evolution matches observations, suggesting that the inside-out growth
mechanisms of the stellar disk do not necessarily require to be achieved
through a cold accretion.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures. Accepted in A&
On Exactly Marginal Deformations Dual to $B$-Field Moduli of IIB Theory
  on SE$_5$

The complex dimension of the space of exactly marginal deformations for
quiver CFTs dual to IIB theory compactified on $Y^{p,q}$ is known to be
generically three. Simple general formulas already exist for two of the exactly
marginal directions in the space of couplings, one of which corresponds to the
sum of the (inverse squared of) gauge couplings, and the other to the
$\beta$-deformation. Here we identify the third exactly marginal direction,
which is dual to the modulus $\int B_{2}$ on the gravity side. This
identification leads to a relation between the field theory gauge couplings and
the vacuum expectation value of the gravity modulus that we further support by
a computation related to the chiral anomaly induced by added fractional branes.
We also present a simple algorithm for finding similar exactly marginal
directions in any CFT described by brane tiling, and demonstrate it for the
quiver CFTs dual to IIB theory compactified on $L^{1,5,2}$ and the Suspended
Pinch Point.Comment: 28 pages, JHEP style. v2: minor corrections, added references and
  acknowledgements. v3: a number of speculative comments regarding the
  application of the Konishi anomaly equation to our problem are removed. v4:
  the proposal in Eq. (2.4) added back as a conjectur
Photonic penguins at two loops and m_t-dependence of BR[ B -> X_s l^+
  l^-]

We calculate two-loop matching conditions for all the operators that are
relevant to B -> X_s l^+ l^- decay in the Standard Model. In effect, we are
able to remove the +_16% uncertainty in the decay spectrum, which was mainly
due to the renormalization-scale dependence of the top-quark mass. We find 1.46
* 10^-6 for the branching ratio integrated in the domain 0.05 <
m_{l^+l^-}^2/m_b^2 < 0.25, for l= e or mu. There remains around 13%
perturbative uncertainty in this quantity, while the non-perturbative effects
are expected to be smaller.Comment: 38 pages, including 8 figures, uses graphic