pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
TANAMI Blazars in the IceCube PeV Neutrino Fields

The IceCube Collaboration has announced the discovery of a neutrino flux in
excess of the atmospheric background. Due to the steeply falling atmospheric
background spectrum, events at PeV energies are most likely of extraterrestrial
origin. We present the multiwavelength properties of the six radio brightest
blazars positionally coincident with these events using contemporaneous data of
the TANAMI blazar sample, including high-resolution images and spectral energy
distributions. Assuming the X-ray to {\gamma}-ray emission originates in the
photoproduction of pions by accelerated protons, the integrated predicted
neutrino luminosity of these sources is large enough to explain the two
detected PeV events.Comment: accepted to A&A, 2 Jun
Supergravity approach to tachyon condensation on the brane-antibrane
  system

We study the tachyon condensation on the D-brane--antiD-brane system from the
supergravity point of view. The non-supersymmetric supergravity solutions with
symmetry ISO($p,1$) $\times$ SO($9-p$) are known to be characterized by three
parameters. By interpreting this solution as coincident $N$ D$p$-branes and
${\bar N}$ ${\bar {\rm D}}p$-branes we give, for the first time, an explicit
representation of the three parameters of supergravity solutions in terms of
$N, \bar N$ and the tachyon vev. We demonstrate that the solution and the
corresponding ADM mass capture all the required properties and give a correct
description of the tachyon condensation advocated by Sen on the
D-brane--antiD-brane system.Comment: 9 page
Tests of hard and soft QCD with $e^{+}e^{-}$ Annihilation Data

Experimental tests of QCD predictions for event shape distributions combining contributions from hard and soft processes are discussed. The hard processes are predicted by perturbative QCD calculations. The soft processes cannot be calculated directly using perturbative QCD, they are treated by a power correction model based on the analysis of infrared renormalons. Furthermore, an analysis of the gauge structure of QCD is presented using fits of the colour factors within the same combined QCD predictions
Modification of the rho meson detected by low-mass electron-positron
  pairs in central Pb-Au collisions at 158 A GeV/c

We present a measurement of $e^+e^-$ pair production in central Pb-Au
collisions at 158$A$ GeV/$c$. As reported earlier, a significant excess of the
$e^+e^-$ pair yield over the expectation from hadron decays is observed. The
improved mass resolution of the present data set, recorded with the upgraded
CERES experiment at the CERN-SPS, allows for a comparison of the data with
different theoretical approaches. The data clearly favor a substantial
in-medium broadening of the $\rho$ spectral function over a density-dependent
shift of the $\rho$ pole mass. The in-medium broadening model implies that
baryon induced interactions are the key mechanism to in-medium modifications of
the $\rho$-meson in the hot fireball at SPS energy.Comment: Revised versio
The role of field redefinition on renormalisability of a general
  $N=\frac{1}{2}$ supersymmetric gauge theories

We investigate some issues on renormalisability of non-anticommutative
supersymmetric gauge theory related to field redefinitions. We study one loop
corrections to $N=\frac{1}{2}$ supersymmetric $SU(N)\times U(1)$ gauge theory
coupled to chiral matter in component formalism, and show the procedure which
has been introduced for renormalisation is problematic because some terms which
are needed for the renormalisability of theory are missed from the Lagrangian.
In order to prove the theory is renormalisable, we redefine the gaugino and the
auxiliary fields($\lambda, \bar F$), which result in a modified form of the
Lagrangian in the component formalism. Then, we show the modified Lagrangian
has extra terms which are necessary for renormalisability of
non-anticommutative supersymmetric gauge field theories. Finally we prove $N =
\frac{1}{2}$ supersymmetric gauge theory is renormalisable up to one loop
corrections using standard method of renormalisation; besides, it is shown the
effective action is gauge invariant.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0505248 by other
  author
???We can all just get on a bus and go??? :
                    Rethinking independent mobility in the context of the universal provision of free bus travel to young Londoners

This paper uses qualitative data from interviews with 118 young Londoners (age 12-18) to examine how the universal provision of free bus travel has affected young people???s independent mobility. Drawing on Sen???s ???capabilities approach???, we argue that free bus travel enhanced young Londoners??? capability to shape their daily mobility, both directly by increasing financial access and indirectly by facilitating the acquisition of the necessary skills, travelling companions and confidence. These capabilities in turn extended both opportunity freedoms (e.g. facilitating non-???necessary??? recreational and social trips) and process freedoms (e.g. feeling more independent by decreasing reliance on parents). Moreover, the universal nature of the entitlement rendered buses a socially inclusive way for groups to travel and spend time together, thereby enhancing group-level capabilities. We believe this attention to individual and group capabilities for self-determination provides the basis for a broader and more child-centred view of ???independent mobility??? than the typical research focus upon ???travelling without an adult??? and acquiring parental permissions
GEANT4 simulation of the neutron background of the C6D 6 set-up for capture studies at n-TOF

The neutron sensitivity of the C6D6 detector setup used at n-TOF facility for capture measurements has been studied by means of detailed GEANT4 simulations. A realistic software replica of the entire n-TOF experimental hall, including the neutron beam line, sample, detector supports and the walls of the experimental area has been implemented in the simulations. The simulations have been analyzed in the same manner as experimental data, in particular by applying the Pulse Height Weighting Technique. The simulations have been validated against a measurement of the neutron background performed with a natC sample, showing an excellent agreement above 1 keV. At lower energies, an additional component in the measured natC yield has been discovered, which prevents the use of natC data for neutron background estimates at neutron energies below a few hundred eV. The origin and time structure of the neutron background have been derived from the simulations. Examples of the neutron background for two different samples are demonstrating the important role of accurate simulations of the neutron background in capture cross-section measurements. ?? 2014 Elsevier B.V
A North Atlantic tephrostratigraphical framework for 130-60 ka b2k : New tephra discoveries, marine-based correlations, and future challenges

Dating, Synthesis, and Interpretation of Palaeoclimatic Records and Model-data Integration: Advances of the INTIMATE project(INTegration of Ice core, Marine and TErrestrial records, COST Action ES0907)Building chronological frameworks for proxy sequences spanning 130?60 ka b2k is plagued by difficulties and uncertainties. Recent developments in the North Atlantic region, however, affirm the potential offered by tephrochronology and specifically the search for cryptotephra. Here we review the potential offered by tephrostratigraphy for sequences spanning 130?60 ka b2k. We combine newly identified cryptotephra deposits from the NGRIP ice-core and a marine core from the Iceland Basin with previously published data from the ice and marine realms to construct the first tephrostratigraphical framework for this time-interval. Forty-three tephra or cryptotephra deposits are incorporated into this framework; twenty three tephra deposits are found in the Greenland ice-cores, including nine new NGRIP tephras, and twenty separate deposits are preserved in various North Atlantic marine sequences. Major, minor and trace element results are presented for the new NGRIP horizons together with age estimates based on their position within the ice-core record. Basaltic tephras of Icelandic origin dominate the framework with only eight tephras of rhyolitic composition found. New results from marine core MD99-2253 also illustrate some of the complexities and challenges of assessing the depositional integrity of marine cryptotephra deposits. Tephra-based correlations in the marine environment provide independent tie-points for this time-interval and highlight the potential of widening the application of tephrochronology. Further investigations, however, are required, that combine robust geochemical fingerprinting and a rigorous assessment of tephra depositional processes, in order to trace coeval events between the two depositional realms.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Influence of constituent materials on the impact toughness and fracture mechanisms of hot-roll-bonded aluminum multilayer laminates

Two aluminum multilayer laminates have been processed by hot roll bonding following similar processing paths. The first one is constituted by alternated Al 2024 and Al 1050 layers (ALH19) and the second one by alternated Al 7075 and Al 1050 layers (ADH19). The influence of the constituent materials in the multilayer laminates both during the processing at high temperature and during the subsequent mechanical characterization has been analyzed. The mechanical behavior of the as-received materials at the processing conditions has been characterized by hot torsion. Multilayer laminates have been tested at room temperature under impact Charpy tests, three-point bend tests, and shear tests on the interfaces. The relative toughness increase compared to the constituent materials was much higher for the ADH19 laminate based on the high-strength Al 7075 alloy than for the ALH19 laminate. This is attributed to the different fracture mechanism
Search for massive resonances decaying into pairs of boosted bosons in semi-leptonic final states at s√= 8 TeV

A search for new resonances decaying to WW, ZZ, or WZ is presented. Final states are considered in which one of the vector bosons decays leptonically and the other hadronically. Results are based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns recorded in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Techniques aiming at identifying jet substructures are used to analyze signal events in which the hadronization products from the decay of highly boosted W or Z bosons are contained within a single reconstructed jet. Upper limits on the production of generic WW, ZZ, or WZ resonances are set as a function of the resonance mass and width. We increase the sensitivity of the analysis by statistically combining the results of this search with a complementary study of the all-hadronic final state. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the bulk graviton production cross section in the range from 700 to 10 femtobarns for resonance masses between 600 and 2500 GeV, respectively. These limits on the bulk graviton model are the most stringent to date in the diboson final state
Study of Z production in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV in the dimuon and dielectron decay channels

The production of Z bosons is studied in the dimuon and dielectron decay channels in PbPb and pp collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV, using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The PbPb data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of about 150 inverse microbarns, while the pp data sample collected in 2013 at the same nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy has an integrated luminosity of 5.4 inverse picobarns. The Z boson yield is measured as a function of rapidity, transverse momentum, and collision centrality. The ratio of PbPb to pp yields, scaled by the number of inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions, is found to be 1.06 +/- 0.05 (stat) +/- 0.08 (syst) in the dimuon channel and 1.02 +/- 0.08 (stat) +/- 0.15 (syst) in the dielectron channel, for centrality-integrated Z boson production. This binary collision scaling is seen to hold in the entire kinematic region studied, as expected for a colourless probe that is unaffected by the hot and dense QCD medium produced in heavy ion collisions
pi^0 pi^0 Production in Proton-Proton Collisions at Tp=1.4 GeV

The reaction pp->pppi0pi0 has been investigated at a beam energy of 1.4 GeV using the WASA-at-COSY facility. The total cross section is found to be (324 +- 21_systematic +- 58_normalization) mub. In order to to study the production mechanism, differential kinematical distributions have been evaluated. The differential distributions indicate that both initial state protons are excited into intermediate Delta(1232) resonances, each decaying into a proton and a single pion, thereby producing the pion pair in the final state. No significant contribution of the Roper resonance N*(1440) via its decay into a proton and two pions is foun
Search for same-sign top-quark pair production at ps = 7 TeV and limits on flavour changing neutral current in the top sector

An inclusive search for same-sign top-quark pair production in pp collisions at ps = 7TeV is performed using a data sample recorded with the CMS detector in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb-1. This analysis is motivated by recent studies of pp -- tt reporting mass-dependent forward-backward asymmetries larger than expected from the standard model. These asymmetries could be due to Flavor Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC) in the top sector induced by t-channel exchange of a massive neutral vector boson (Z0). Models with such a Z0 also predict enhancement of same-sign top-pair production in pp or pp collisions. Limits are set as a function of the Z0 mass and its couplings to u and t quarks. These limits disfavour the FCNC interpretation of the Tevatron results.Peer Reviewe
The meridional gradients of the S-SE Brazilian continental shelf:\ud
Introduction to the special volume

This Special Issue is dedicated to the southern and southeastern Brazilian continental shelf. The works comprising the Issue review, substantiate or improve the description of the mechanisms that drive oceanographic processes known to date, and also report new findings. The works support that the strong meridional gradient of physical-chemical characteristics observed in this region is driven by the La Plata River plume at the south and by a marked influence of oceanic water masses in the north. The importance of the annual cycle of the wind field modulating the volumes of the distinct waters masses on the shelf is consolidated. The results gathered by this Special Issue strongly support that the continental shelf area near São Sebastião Island delimits two main oceanographic regimes with contrasting sedimentation rates and distinct primary and secondary production mechanisms. Nonetheless, it became clear that process-oriented studies are imperative for understanding how this region functions
First synthesis of a fully active spin-labeled peptide hormone

For the first time in the electron spin resonance (ESR) and peptide synthesis fields, a fully active spin-labeled peptide hormone was reported. the ESR spectra of this alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH) analogue (acetyl-Toac(0)-alpha-MSH) where Toac is the paramagnetic amino acid probe 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-4-amino-4-carboxylic acid, suggested a pH-independent conformation and a more restricted movement comparatively to the free Toac, Owing to its equivalent biological potency in a skin pigmentation assay as compared to the native alpha-MSH and its unique characteristic (paramagnetic, naturally fluorescent and fully active), this analogue is of great potential for investigation of relevant physiological roles reported for a-MSH, (C) 1999 Federation of European Biochemical Societies.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-01498 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Biociencias, Dept Fisiol, BR-01498 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Biofis, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Adenosine A(2A) receptor agonist (CGS-21680) prevents endotoxin-induced effects on nucleotidase activities in mouse lymphocytes

Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) released during inflammation presents proinflammatory properties. Adenosine, produced by catabolism of ATP, is an anti-inflammatory compound. Considering the role of ATP and adenosine in inflammation and the importance of ectonucleotidases in the maintenance of their extracellular levels, we investigated the effect of a selective agonist of the adenosine A(2A) receptor (CGS-21680) on ectonucleotidase activities and gene expression patterns in lymphocytes from mice submitted to an endotoxemia model. Animals were injected intraperitoneally with 12 mg/kg Lipopolyssacharide (LPS) and/or 0.5 mg/kg CGS-21680 or saline. Nucleotidase activities were determined in lymphocytes from mesenteric lymph nodes and analysis of ectonucleotidase expression was carried out by a semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. Exposure to endotoxemia promoted an increase in nucleotide hydrolysis. When CGS-21680 was administered concomitantly with LPS, this increase was prevented for ATP, adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP), and p-Nitrophenyl thymidine 5'-monophosphate (p-Nph-5'-TMP) hydrolysis. However, when CGS-21680 was administered 24 h after LPS injection, the increase was not reversed. the expression pattern of ectonucleotidases was not altered between LPS and LPS plus CGS-21680 groups, indicating that the transcriptional control was not involved on the effect exerted for CGS-21680. These results showed an enhancement of extracellular nucleotide catabolism in lymphocytes after induction of endotoxemia, which was prevented, but not reversed by CGS-21680 administration. These findings suggest that the control of nucleotide and nucleoside levels exerted by CGS-21680 could contribute to the modulation of the inflammatory process promoted by adenosine A(2A) agonists. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (FAPERGS)Pontificia Univ Catolica Rio Grande do Sul, Programa Posgrad Biol Celular & Mol, Dept Biol Celular & Mol, Lab Neuroquim & Psicofarmacol,Fac Biociencias, BR-90619900 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Ciencias Basicas Saude, Dept Bioquim, Programa Posgrad Ciencias Biol Bioquim, BR-90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Farmacol, Programa Posgrad Farmacol, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Farmacol, Programa Posgrad Farmacol, BR-04044020 São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Interpretation of anomalous temperature dependence of anti-Stokes photoluminescence at GaInP2/GaAs interface

The anomalous temperature dependence of anti-Stokes photoluminescence (ASPL) at the GaInP2/GaAs interface was studied. A localized state luminescence model was employed to interpret the temperature-dependence of the peak position of the ASPL. The results show that the localization of the up-converted carriers plays an important role in radiative recombination producing the ASPL. The studies also show that the microscopic mechanism of thermal quenching of ASPL at GaInP2/GaAs interface is unmasked.published_or_final_versio
Comprehensive analysis of market conditions in the foreign exchange market

We investigate quotation and transaction activities in the foreign exchange market for every week during the period of June 2007 to December 2010. A scaling relationship between the mean values of number of quotations (or number of transactions) for various currency pairs and the corresponding standard deviations holds for a majority of the weeks. However, the scaling breaks in some time intervals, which is related to the emergence of market shocks. There is a monotonous relationship between values of scaling indices and global averages of currency pair cross-correlations when both quantities are observed for various window lengths Δ t
Currency interventions: Effective policy tool or shortsighted gamble?

The Swiss National Bank's January 2015 decision to abandon the Swiss franc's peg to the euro led to short-term chaos in exchange markets and had a dampening effect on the Swiss economy. Some economists suggested Switzerland was poised to enter a sustained period of stagnation \ue0 la Japan. The decision also reignited policy debate on the benefi ts and drawbacks to central bank intervention in currency markets. While such intervention can be justifi ed in certain situations, such as if the market is producing the 'wrong rate', it can also impose signifi cant economic costs. The ECB's recently implemented quantitative easing programme has been regarded by many as a thinly disguised attempt to weaken the euro in order to improve the eurozone's competitiveness. However, the euro's recent weakening began well before the ECB announced its programme; moreover, previous rounds of quantitative easing by other central banks have had minimal impact on exchange rates
Technical guidance to prepare national emission inventories

Studies performed since 2000 have demonstrated that geologic emissions of methane are an
important global greenhouse-gas source (Etiope, 2004; Kvenvolden and Rogers, 2005; Etiope
al, 2008). It is recognised that significant amounts of methane, produced within the Earth crust,
released naturally into the atmosphere through faults and fractured rocks. Major emissions are
related to hydrocarbon production in sedimentary basins (microbial and thermogenic methane),
through continuous exhalation and eruptions from more than 1 200 onshore and offshore mud
volcanoes, more than 10 000 onshore and shallow marine seeps and through diffuse soil
microseepage. Specifically, six source categories must be considered: mud volcanoes, gas seeps
(independent of mud volcanism), microseepage (diffuse exhalation from soil in petroleum basins),
submarine seepage, geothermal (non-volcanic) manifestations and volcanoes. Global emission
estimates range from 42 to 64 Tg y-1 (mean of 53 Tg y-1), almost 10 % of the total CH4 emission,
representing the second most important natural methane source after wetlands. Geo-CH4 sources
would also represent the missing source of fossil methane recognised in the recent re-evaluation
the fossil methane budget in the atmosphere (about 30 %; Lassey et al,, 2007; Etiope et al, 2008),
which implies a total fossil methane emission much higher than that due to fossil fuel industry.
The global geo-CH4 emission estimates are of the same level as or higher than other sources or
sinks considered in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) tables, such as
biomass burning, termites and soil uptake. Recent studies indicate that Earth’s degassing also
accounts for at least 17 % and 10 % of total ethane and propane emissions (Etiope and Ciccioli,
2009)