pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Investigation on structural, Mossbauer and ferroelectric properties of (1-​x)​PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3-​(x)​BiFeO3 solid solution

(1-​X)​PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3(PFN)​-​(x)​BiFeO3(BFO) multiferroic solid solns. with x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 were synthesized through single step solid state reaction method and characterized thoroughly through x-​ray Diffraction (XRD)​, SEM, Fourier Transform Infra-​Red (FTIR)​, Raman, Mossbauer spectroscopy and ferroelec. studies.  The room temp. (RT) XRD studies confirmed the formation of single phase with negligible amt. of secondary phases (x = 0.2 and 0.4)​.  The zoomed XRD patterns of (1-​x)​PFN-​(x)​BFO solid solns. showed the clear structural phase transition from monoclinic (Cm) to rhombohedral (R3c) at x = 0.4.  The Raman spectra of the (1-​x)​PFN-​(x)​BFO solid solns. showed the compn. dependent phase transition from monoclinic (Cm) to rhombohedral (R3c)​.  With increasing x in PFN, the modes related monoclinic symmetry changes to those of rhombohedral symmetry.  The RT Mossbauer spectroscopy results evidenced the existence of compn. dependent phase transition from paramagnetic to weak antiferromagnetic ordering and weak antiferromagnetic to antiferromagnetic ordering.  The Mossbauer spectroscopy showed paramagnetic behavior with a doublet for x = 0.0, 0.1 and 0.2 are shows the weak antiferromagnetic with paramagnetic ordering.  For x = 0.3 and 0.4 shows the sextet pattern and it is a clear evidence of antiferromagnetism.  The ferroelec. (P-​E) loops at RT indicate small polarization, as the x concn. increases in PFN, the remnant polarization and coercive field were decreased, which may due to the increase in the cond. and leaky behavior of the samples
Measurement of the mass of the top quark in decays with a J/psi meson in
  pp collisions at 8 TeV

A first measurement of the top quark mass using the decay channel t to (W to
l nu) (b to J/psi + X to mu+ mu- + X) is presented. The analysis uses events
selected from the proton-proton collisions recorded with the CMS detector at
the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data correspond to an
integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns, with 666 t t-bar and single
top quark candidate events containing a reconstructed J/psi candidate decaying
into an oppositely-charged muon pair. The mass of the (J/psi + l) system, where
l is an electron or a muon from W boson decay, is used to extract a top quark
mass of 173.5 +/- 3.0 (stat) +/- 0.9 (syst) GeV.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-15-014/index.htm
Proto-consonants were information-dense and subject to similar selective regimes as proto-vowels.

Why did our ancestors combine the first consonant- and vowel-like utterances to produce the first syllable or word? To answer this question, it is essential to know what constituted the communicative function of proto-consonants and of proto-vowels before their combined use became universal. Almost nothing is known, however, about consonant-like calls in the primate order 1,2 . Here, we investigate a large collection of voiceless consonant-like calls in nonhuman great apes (our closest relatives), namely orangutans (Pongo spp.). We analysed 4,486 kiss-squeaks collected across 48 individuals in four wild populations. Despite idiosyncratic production mechanics, consonant-like calls displayed information-dense content and the same acoustic signatures found in voiced vowel-like calls by nonhuman primates, implying similar biological functions. Selection regimes between proto-consonants and proto-vowels were thus probably indistinguishable at the dawn of spoken language evolution. Our findings suggest that the first proto-syllables or proto-words in our lineage probably constituted message reiterations, instead of messages of increasing intricacy
The dark side of the rural idyll: stories of illegal/illicit economic activity in the UK countryside.

In rural sociology and rural studies, rurality in many countries is commonly constructed as an idyllic space in which crime is perceived as an urban problem. In other countries, however, rurality is constructed as a place where the individual is vulnerable and the population is socially beyond the urban. This article questions the construction of rurality as idyllic by reporting on research in rural areas which demonstrates that crime, in particular illicit and illegal enterprise based crime, is becoming more prevalent in the UK countryside. In urban areas, illicit and illegal forms of entrepreneurship are distinctive in terms of how they are construed and enacted, so why would it not be similar in rural areas? The paper presents a theoretical framework based on the work of Ferdinand T?nnies which demonstrates that contemporary examples of roguery exist in the UK countryside. We make more visible what previously was invisible, or ignored in the literature. Five stories of illegal rural enterprise are presented which provide a counterargument to Mingay's rural idyll. Since illicit and/or illegal rural enterprise is under-researched this constitutes an original attempt to frame an emerging phenomenon of interest
METAL-POOR STARS OBSERVED WITH THE MAGELLAN TELESCOPE. II. DISCOVERY OF FOUR STARS WITH [Fe/H] ≤ –3.5

We report on the discovery of seven low-metallicity stars selected from the Hamburg/ESO Survey, six of which are extremely metal-poor (EMP, [Fe/H] ≤ –3.0), with four having [Fe/H] ≤ –3.5. Chemical abundances or upper limits are derived for these stars based on high-resolution (R ~ 35,000) Magellan/MIKE spectroscopy, and are in general agreement with those of other very and extremely metal-poor stars reported in the literature. Accurate metallicities and abundance patterns for stars in this metallicity range are of particular importance for studies of the shape of the metallicity distribution function of the Milky Way's halo system, in particular for probing the nature of its low-metallicity tail. In addition, taking into account suggested evolutionary mixing effects, we find that six of the program stars (with [Fe/H] ≤ –3.35) possess atmospheres that were likely originally enriched in carbon, relative to iron, during their main-sequence phases. These stars do not exhibit overabundances of their s-process elements, and hence may be, within the error bars, additional examples of the so-called CEMP-no class of objects
Cost-effectiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention with cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stents versus bare metal stents: Results from a patient level meta-analysis of randomized trials.

BACKGROUND\ud
\ud
Second-generation drug eluting stents (DES) may reduce costs and improve clinical outcomes compared to first-generation DES with improved cost-effectiveness when compared to bare metal stents (BMS). We aimed to conduct an economic evaluation of a cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stent (Co-Cr EES) compared with BMS in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).\ud
\ud
OBJECTIVE\ud
\ud
To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of a cobalt-chromium everolimus eluting stent (Co-Cr EES) versus BMS in PCI.\ud
\ud
METHODS\ud
\ud
A Markov state transition model with a 2-year time horizon was applied from a US Medicare setting with patients undergoing PCI with Co-Cr EES or BMS. Baseline characteristics, treatment effects, and safety measures were taken from a patient level meta-analysis of 5 RCTs (n = 4,896). The base-case analysis evaluated stent-related outcomes; a secondary analysis considered the broader set of outcomes reported in the meta-analysis.\ud
\ud
RESULTS\ud
\ud
The base-case and secondary analyses reported an additional 0.018 and 0.013 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and cost savings of $236 and $288, respectively with Co-Cr EES versus BMS. Results were robust to sensitivity analyses and were most sensitive to the price of clopidogrel. In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, Co-Cr EES was associated with a greater than 99% chance of being cost saving or cost effective (at a cost per QALY threshold of $50,000) versus BMS.\ud
\ud
CONCLUSIONS\ud
\ud
Using data from a recent patient level meta-analysis and contemporary cost data, this analysis found that PCI with Co-Cr EES is more effective and less costly than PCI with BMS. © 2016 The Authors. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Study of Mass Oxygen Transfer in a Biotrickling Filter for Air Pollution Control

AbstractBiotrickling filtration is a potential and cost effective alternative for the treatment of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in air, so it is necessary to deepen into the key aspects of design and operation for the optimization of this technology. One of these factors is the oxygen mass transfer of the process. This study would facilitate the selection of the packing material and the mathematical modelling and simulation of bioreactors. Four plastic packing materials with a different specific surface area have been evaluated in terms of oxygen mass transfer. For the tested range of superficial liquid velocities, data show a relationship between the kLa and the superficial liquid velocity in all packing materials used, except for the biggest plastic rings. No significant differences in mass transfer coefficients at low liquid velocities were observed, however dependency between oxygen transfer and specific surface area increased considerably for high liquid velocities. No significant influences of the superficial air velocity were observed
Robust detection of exotic infectious diseases in animal herds: A comparative study of three decision methodologies under severe uncertainty

AbstractWhen animals are transported and pass through customs, some of them may have dangerous infectious diseases. Typically, due to the cost of testing, not all animals are tested: a reasonable selection must be made. How to test effectively whilst avoiding costly disease outbreaks? First, we extend a model proposed in the literature for the detection of invasive species to suit our purpose, and we discuss the main sources of model uncertainty, many of which are hard to quantify. Secondly, we explore and compare three decision methodologies on the problem at hand, namely, Bayesian statistics, info-gap theory and imprecise probability theory, all of which are designed to handle severe uncertainty. We show that, under rather general conditions, every info-gap solution is maximal with respect to a suitably chosen imprecise probability model, and that therefore, perhaps surprisingly, the set of maximal options can be inferred at least partly—and sometimes entirely—from an info-gap analysis
Factorization of radiative leptonic decays of B− and D− mesons including the soft photon region

AbstractIn this work, we study the radiative leptonic decays of B− and D− mesons using factorization approach. Factorization is proved to be valid explicitly at 1-loop level at any order of O(ΛQCD/mQ). We consider the contribution in the soft photon region that Eγ∼ΛQCD2/mQ. The numerical results show that, the soft photon region is very important for both the B and D mesons. The branching ratios of B→γeνe is 5.21×10−6, which is about 3 times of the result obtained by only considering the hard photon region Eγ∼mQ. And for the case of D→γeνe, the result of the branching ratio is 1.92×10−5
Fps1p channel is the mediator of the major part of glycerol passive diffusion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: artefacts and re-definitions

AbstractGlycerol has been shown to cross the plasma membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae through (1) a H+/symport detected in cells grown on non-fermentable carbon sources, (2) the constitutively expressed Fps1p channel and (3) by passive diffusion. The Fps1p channel has been named a facilitator for mediating glycerol low affinity transport of the facilitated diffusion type. We present experimental evidence that this kinetic is an artefact created by glycerol kinase activity. Instead, the channel is shown to mediate the major part of glycerol's passive diffusion. This is not incompatible with Fps1p's major role in vivo, which has been previously shown to be the control of glycerol export under osmotic stress or in reaction to turgor changes. We also verified that FPS1 overexpression caused an increase in H+/symport Vmax. Furthermore, yfl054c and fps1 mutants were equally affected by exogenously added ethanol, being the correspondent passive diffusion stimulated. For the first time, to our knowledge, a phenotype attributed to the functioning of YFL054c gene is presented. Glycerol passive diffusion is thus apparently channel-mediated. This is discussed according to glycerol's chemical properties, which contradict the widely spread concept of glycerol's liposoluble nature. The discussion considers the multiple roles that the intracellular levels of glycerol and its pathway regulation might play as a central key to metabolism control
Two-loop QCD corrections to Bc meson leptonic decays

AbstractThe two-loop quantum chromodynamics (QCD) radiative corrections to the Bc meson leptonic decay rate are calculated in the framework of the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization formalism. Two types of master integrals appearing in the calculation are obtained analytically for the first time. We calculate the short-distance coefficient of the leading matrix element to order αs2 by matching the full perturbative QCD calculation results to the corresponding NRQCD results. The result presented in this work helps the evaluation of both the Bc leptonic decay constant and the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) matrix element |Vcb| to the full next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) degree of accuracy
Sociocultural—Geospatial Anthropological Portal (SC-GAP): Enhanced Sociocultural Understanding through Crowdsourced Service Member Narratives

AbstractDespite the Department of Defense's (DoD) many investments directed toward developing and fielding programs designed to advance sociocultural knowledge, the DoD nonetheless lacks a shared repository in which all entities can aggregate, visualize, and share sociocultural data across the enterprise. A gap analysis of DoD's desired and actual states of achieving and implementing a sociocultural understanding reveals three main shortcomings: a data gap, a repository gap, and a collaboration gap. As a consequence, we created a proof of concept, enterprise solution for DoD that bridges the overall sociocultural gap by harnessing the overlooked and untapped potential of today's deployed DoD service members, who over the course of their daily duties, are exposed to various populations’ cultures. Service member observations and interpretations of service members’ interactions form an untapped set of operationally relevant sociocultural data. The existing wellspring of sociocultural information needs only be collected and indexed using a framework derived from the Five Operational Culture Dimensions model. Residing on a geodatabase and interfaced via a custom multi-client supported web-based Geographic Information System (GIS), this framework integrates the collected data comprised of service member narratives with the greater Joint Force thereby creating a dynamic and collaborative sociocultural living repository. Combining an anthropologically sound framework that is operationally relevant with the capabilities of GIS results in a solution that will allow DoD personnel to uniformly populate, visualize, and share near real-time cultural data relevant to military operations across all services and agencies. This DoD enterprise solution has the potential to enhance the Nation's armed forces’ strategic performance through the application of culturally adept military powe
Polymorphisms Near TBX5 and GDF7 Are Associated With Increased Risk for Barrett’s Esophagus

Background & AimsBarrett's esophagus (BE) increases the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). We found the risk to be BE has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on chromosome 6p21 (within the HLA region) and on 16q23, where the closest protein-coding gene is FOXF1. Subsequently, the Barrett's and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Consortium (BEACON) identified risk loci for BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma near CRTC1 and BARX1, and within 100 kb of FOXP1. We aimed to identify further SNPs that increased BE risk and to validate previously reported associations.MethodsWe performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify variants associated with BE and further analyzed promising variants identified by BEACON by genotyping 10,158 patients with BE and 21,062 controls.ResultsWe identified 2 SNPs not previously associated with BE: rs3072 (2p24.1; odds ratio [OR] = 1.14; 95% CI: 1.09–1.18; P = 1.8 × 10−11) and rs2701108 (12q24.21; OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.86–0.93; P = 7.5 × 10−9). The closest protein-coding genes were respectively GDF7 (rs3072), which encodes a ligand in the bone morphogenetic protein pathway, and TBX5 (rs2701108), which encodes a transcription factor that regulates esophageal and cardiac development. Our data also supported in BE cases 3 risk SNPs identified by BEACON (rs2687201, rs11789015, and rs10423674). Meta-analysis of all data identified another SNP associated with BE and esophageal adenocarcinoma: rs3784262, within ALDH1A2 (OR = 0.90; 95% CI: 0.87–0.93; P = 3.72 × 10−9).ConclusionsWe identified 2 loci associated with risk of BE and provided data to support a further locus. The genes we found to be associated with risk for BE encode transcription factors involved in thoracic, diaphragmatic, and esophageal development or proteins involved in the inflammatory response
A Study of the Relationship between Health and Subjective Well-Being in Parkinson’s Disease Patients

AbstractObjectivesGovernments are turning their attention to evidence on subjective measures of well-being to inform policy decisions. In the context of health, there is, therefore, growing interest in understanding how measures of health-related quality of life relate to subjective well-being and whether subjective well-being could provide a basis for resource allocation decisions in the future. This study investigates the relationship between health-related quality of life, as measured by the EuroQol five-dimensional (EQ-5D) questionnaire, and subjective well-being in Parkinson’s disease.MethodsA paper questionnaire including the EQ-5D questionnaire, four key subjective well-being questions taken from the Integrated Household Survey in England, and other demographic details was distributed to people with Parkinson’s disease in the United Kingdom. Responses were used to estimate multiple regression models explaining subjective well-being using the EQ-5D questionnaire index (UK weights), EQ-5D questionnaire dimensions and the visual analogue scale, and patients’ sociodemographic characteristics.ResultsA total of 199 responses were received. Combining visual analogue scale and EQ-5D questionnaire dimensions, especially anxiety/depression and, to a lesser extent, mobility, yielded the best-fitting models (adjusted R2 range 0.36–0.53). Patients with Parkinson’s disease living in care homes report lower levels of subjective well-being than do those living alone. These effects are not captured by the health-related quality-of-life measures in the analysis.ConclusionsUsual health-related quality-of-life measures can partially explain different well-being dimensions, yet they fail to capture part of the broader impact of disease on subjective well-being. Further empirical research into the relationship between subjective well-being and the EQ-5D Parkinson’s disease longitudinally, and in different disease areas, is required, and further standardization of subjective well-being measures is recommended
I=1 and I=2 π–π scattering phase shifts from Nf=2+1 lattice QCD

AbstractThe I=1p-wave and I=2s-wave elastic π–π scattering amplitudes are calculated from a first-principles lattice QCD simulation using a single ensemble of gauge field configurations with Nf=2+1 dynamical flavors of anisotropic clover-improved Wilson fermions. This ensemble has a large spatial volume V=(3.7 fm)3, pion mass mπ=230 MeV, and spatial lattice spacing as=0.11 fm. Calculation of the necessary temporal correlation matrices is efficiently performed using the stochastic LapH method, while the large volume enables an improved energy resolution compared to previous work. For this single ensemble we obtain mρ/mπ=3.350(24), gρππ=5.99(26), and a clear signal for the I=2s-wave. The success of the stochastic LapH method in this proof-of-principle large-volume calculation paves the way for quantitative study of the lattice spacing effects and quark mass dependence of scattering amplitudes using state-of-the-art ensembles
New results on N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory

AbstractThe N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory is covariantly determined by two scalar and one vector BRST topological symmetry operators. This determines an off-shell closed sector of N=4 super-Yang–Mills, with 6 generators, which is big enough to fully determine the theory, in a Lorentz-covariant way. This reduced algebra derives from horizontality conditions in four dimensions. The horizontality conditions only depend on the geometry of the Yang–Mills fields. They also descend from a genuine horizontality condition in eight dimensions. When the four-dimensional manifold is hyper-Kähler, one can perform a twist operation that defines the N=4 supersymmetry and a SL(2,H) intern symmetry (the “Euclidean version” of the SU(4) R-symmetry in Minkowski space). These results extend in a covariant way the light-cone property that the N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory is actually determined by only 8 independent generators, instead of the 16 generators that occur in the physical representation of the super-Poincaré algebra. The topological construction disentangles the off-shell closed sector of the (twisted) maximally supersymmetric theory from the sector that closes only modulo equations of motion. It allows one to escape the question of auxiliary fields in N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory