pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Contact of a Finger on Rigid Surfaces and Textiles: Friction Coefficient and Induced Vibrations

The tactile information about object surfaces is
obtained through perceived contact stresses and frictioninduced
vibrations generated by the relative motion
between the fingertip and the touched object. The friction
forces affect the skin stress-state distribution during surface
scanning, while the sliding contact generates vibrations that
propagate in the finger skin activating the receptors (mechanoreceptors)
and allowing the brain to identify objects
and perceive information about their properties. In this
article, the friction coefficient between a real human finger
and both rigid surfaces and fabrics is retrieved as a function
of the contact parameters (load and scanning speed). Then,
the analysis of the vibration spectra is carried out to
investigate the features of the induced vibrations, measured
on the fingernail, as a function of surface textures and
contact parameters. While the friction coefficient measurements
on rigid surfaces agree with empirical laws
found in literature, the behaviour of the friction coefficient
when touching a fabric is more complex, and is mainly the
function of the textile constructional properties. Results
show that frequency spectrum distribution, when touching
a rigid surface, is mainly determined by the relative
geometry of the two contact surfaces and by the contact
parameters. On the contrary, when scanning a fabric, the
structure and the deformation of the textile itself largely
affect the spectrum of the induced vibration. Finally, some
major features of the measured vibrations (frequency distribution
and amplitude) are found to be representative of
tactile perception compared to psychophysical and neurophysiologic
works in literature
Global solvability and blow up for the convective Cahn-Hilliard equations with concave potentials

We study initial boundary value problems for the convective Cahn-Hilliard equation $\Dt u +\px^4u +u\px u+\px^2(|u|^pu)=0$. It is well-known that without the convective term, the solutions of this equation may blow up in finite time for any $p>0$. In contrast to that, we show that the presence of the convective term $u\px u$ in the Cahn-Hilliard equation prevents blow up at least for $0<p<\frac49$. We also show that the blowing up solutions still exist if $p$ is large enough ($p\ge2$). The related equations like Kolmogorov-Sivashinsky-Spiegel equation, sixth order convective Cahn-Hilliard equation, are also considered
Conformal defects in supergravity — backreacted Dirac delta sources

We construct numerically gravitational duals of theories deformed by localized Dirac delta sources for scalar operators both at zero and at finite temperature. We find that requiring that the backreacted geometry preserves the original scale invariance of the source uniquely determines the potential for the scalar field to be the one found in a certain Kaluza-Klein compactification of 11 D supergravity. This result is obtained using an efficient perturbative expansion of the backreacted background at zero temperature and is confirmed by a direct numerical computation. Numerical solutions at finite temperatures are obtained and a detailed discussion of the numerical approach to the treatment of the Dirac delta sources is presented. The physics of defect configurations is illustrated with a calculation of entanglement entropy
Problem of flavour in SUSY GUT and horizontal symmetry

The concept of non-abelian horizontal symmetry $SU(3)_H$ can greatly help in
understanding the fermion and sfermion flavour structures in supersymmetric
grand unification. For the sake of demonstration the $SU(5)\times SU(3)_H$
model, suggested earlier in ref. \cite{PLB85}, is revisited. We show that under
very simple and natural assumption it links the sfermion mass pattern to those
of fermions in a remarkable way. All dangerous supersymmetric flavour-changing
contributions are naturally suppressed in a general case, independently of the
concrete texture for fermion mass matrices. Nevertheless, within this framework
we present an example of predictive model for fermion masses and mixing, which
leads to 7 consistent predictions for the low energy observables. [Based on
talks given at Int. Workshop {\em `SUSY 96'}, Univ. of Maryland, 29 May - 1
June 1996 (to appear on Proceedings), and II US-Polish Workshop {\em `Physics
from Planck Scale to Electroweak Scale'}, Warsaw, 28-30 March 1996.
On gravitational waves emitted by an ensemble of rotating neutron stars

We study the possibility to detect the gravitational wave background
generated by all the neutron stars in the Galaxy with only one gravitational
wave interferometric detector. The proposed strategy consists in squaring the
detector's output and searching for a sidereal modulation. The shape of the
squared signal is computed for a disk and a halo distribution of neutron stars.
The required noise stability of the interferometric detector is discussed. We
argue that a possible population of old neutron stars, originating from a high
stellar formation rate at the birth of the Galaxy and not emitting as radio
pulsars, could be detected by the proposed technique in the low frequency range
of interferometric experiments
Study of some rare decays of B s meson in the fourth generation model

We study some rare decays of the Bs meson governed by the quark-level transitions b→s, in the fourth generation model popularly known as SM4. Recently, it has been shown that SM4, which is a simple extension of the SM3, can successfully explain several anomalies observed in the CP violation parameters of B and Bs mesons. We find that in this model, due to the additional contributions coming from the heavy t′ quark in the loop, the branching ratios and other observables in rare Bs decays deviate significantly from their SM values. Some of these modes are within the reach of LHCb experiments, and a search for such channels is strongly argued
Effects of increased CO2 levels on monsoons

Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration provided warmer atmospheric temperature and higher atmospheric water vapor content, but not necessarily
more precipitation. A set of experiments performed with a state-of-the-art coupled general circulation model forced with increased atmospheric CO2 concentration (2, 4 and 16 times the present-day mean value) were analyzed and compared with a control experiment to evaluate the effect of increased CO2 levels on monsoons. Generally, the monsoon precipitation responses to CO2 forcing are largest if extreme concentrations of carbon dioxide are used, but they are not necessarly proportional to the forcing applied. In fact, despite a common response in terms of an atmospheric
water vapor increase to the atmospheric warming, two out of the six monsoons studied simulate less or equal summer mean precipitation in the 16xCO2 experiment
compared to the intermediate sensitivity experiments. The precipitation differences between CO2 sensitivity experiments
and CTRL have been investigated specifying the contribution of thermodynamic and purely dynamic processes. As a general rule, the differences depending on the atmospheric moisture content changes (thermodynamic
component) are large and positive, and they tend to be damped by the dynamic component associated with the changes in the vertical velocity. However, differences are observed among monsoons in terms of the role played by
other terms (like moisture advection and evaporation) in shaping the precipitation changes in warmer climates. The precipitation increase, even if weak, occurs despite a weakening of the mean circulation in the monsoon regions (‘‘precipitation-wind paradox’’). In particular, the tropical
east-west Walker circulation is reduced, as found from velocity potential analysis. The meridional component of the monsoon circulation is changed as well, with larger
(smaller) meridional (vertical) scales
Vacant parking area estimation through background subtraction and transience map analysis

A method for estimating the dimensions of non-delimited free parking areas by using a static surveillance camera is proposed. The proposed method is specially designed to tackle the main challenges of urban scenarios (multiple moving objects, outdoor illumination conditions and occlusions between vehicles) with no training. The core of this work is the temporal analysis of the video frames to detect the occupancy variation of the parking areas. Two techniques are combined: background subtraction using a mixture of Gaussians to detect and track vehicles and the creation of a transience map to detect the parking and leaving of vehicles. The authors demonstrate that the proposed method yields satisfactory estimates on three real scenarios while being a low computational cost solution that can be applied in any kind of parking area covered by a single camera
Pseudo-critical clusterization in nuclear multifragmentation

4 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to conference proceedings of the 25th International Nuclear Physics Conference (INPC 2013)International audienceIn this contribution we show that the biggest fragment charge distribution in central collisions of Xe+Sn leading to multifragmentation is an admixture of two asymptotic distributions observed for the lowest and highest bombarding energies. The evolution of the relative weights of the two components with bombarding energy is shown to be analogous to that observed as a function of time for the largest cluster produced in irreversible aggregation for a finite system. We infer that the size distribution of the largest fragment in nuclear multifragmentation is also characteristic of the time scale of the process, which is largely determined by the onset of radial expansion in this energy range
A unified approach for nucleon knock-out, coherent and incoherent pion production in neutrino interactions with nuclei

submitted to Phys. Rev. CWe present a theory of neutrino interactions with nuclei aimed at the description of the partial cross-sections, namely quasi-elastic and multi-nucleon emission, coherent and incoherent single pion production. For this purpose, we use the theory of nuclear responses treated in the random phase approximation, which allows a unified description of these channels. It is particularly suited for the coherent pion production where collective effects are important whereas they are moderate in the other channels. We also study the evolution of the neutrino cross-sections with the mass number from carbon to calcium. We compare our approach to the available neutrino experimental data on carbon. We put a particular emphasis on the multi-nucleon channel, which at present is not easily distinguishable from the quasi-elastic events. This component turns out to be quite relevant for the interpretation of experiments (K2K, MiniBooNE, SciBooNE). It can account in particular for the unexpected behavior of the quasi-elastic cross-section
First Measurement of the Giant Monopole and Quadrupole Resonances in a Short-Lived Nucleus: 56Ni

Expérience GANIL, SPEG, SISSI, MayaThe isoscalar giant monopole resonance (GMR) and giant quadrupole resonance (GQR) have been measured in the Ni56 unstable nucleus by inducing the Ni56(d,d′) reaction at 50A  MeV in the Maya active target at the GANIL facility. The GMR and GQR centroids are measured at 19.3±0.5  MeV and 16.2±0.5  MeV, respectively. The corresponding angular distributions are extracted from 3° to 7°. A multipole decomposition analysis using distorted wave Born approximation with random phase approximation transition densities shows that both the GMR and the GQR exhaust a large fraction of the energy-weighted sum rule. The demonstration of this new method opens a broad range of giant resonance studies at intermediate-energy radioactive beam facilities
SOLUTIONS OF THE LANDAU-VLASOV EQUATION IN NUCLEAR PHYSICS

The properties of Vlasov equation solutions obtained by projection on coherent state basis are discussed. Such solutions satisfy stationarity conditions and satisfactorily describe the average diffusivity of nuclear phase space and reproduce the bulk properties of nuclei. Sampling methods and their effects on dynamics are discussed for the study of heavy ion reactions at intermediate energies. The non-local Gogny force is easily computable on this basis which allows to use it for dynamical nuclear studies
Nuclide cross-sections of fission fragments in the reaction 208Pb + p at 500 A MeV

PACS conv.GSIThe isotopic distributions and recoil velocities of the fission fragments produced in the spallation reaction 208Pb + p at 500 A MeV have been measured using the inverse-kinematics technique, a lead beam onto a liquid-hydrogen target, and the high-resolution spectrometer FRS at GSI. The shapes of the different distributions are found in good agreement with previously published data while the deduced total fission cross-section is higher than expected from existing systematics and some previous measurements. From the experimental data, the characteristics of the average fissioning system can be reconstructed in charge, mass and excitation energy, and the average number of post-fission neutrons can be inferred. The results are also compared to different models describing the spallation reaction. The intranuclear cascade code INCL4 followed by the de-excitation code ABLA is shown to describe reasonably well the evolution of the isotopic distribution shapes between 500 and 1000 A MeV
Satisfaction with care in HIV-infected patients treated with long term follow up antiretroviral therapy: the role of social vulnerability

International audienceThe aim of this study was to determine factors associated with complete satisfaction with the care provided (satisfaction with physicians and satisfaction with services and organization) among HIV-infected patients followed-up in the French ANRS CO8 APROCO-COPILOTE cohort. Analyses focused on cross-sectional data collected during the ninth year of cohort follow-up. Satisfaction with care (Bredard & al, 2005), sociodemographic characteristics and behavioral data were collected using self-administered questionnaires, while clinical data were derived from medical records. Complete satisfaction with care was defined as being 100% satisfied. Two logistic regression models were used to identify predictors of (i) complete satisfaction with physicians (n=404) and (ii) complete satisfaction with services and organization (n=396). Sixteen percent of patients were completely satisfied with physicians while 15.9% were completely satisfied with services and organization. Being older and reporting fewer discomforting antiretroviral therapy (ART) side effects were factors independently associated with complete satisfaction with both physicians and services and organization. Strong support from friends and absence of hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection were independently associated with complete satisfaction with physicians, while strong support from one's family and comfortable housing conditions were independently associated with complete satisfaction with services and organization. Even after nine years of follow-up, social vulnerabilities still strongly influence HIV-infected patients' interactions with the health care system. Day-to-day experience with the disease, including perceived treatment side effects, appears to play a key role in the quality of these interactions. More attention should be given to patient satisfaction, especially for socially vulnerable patients, in order to avoid potentially detrimental consequences such as poor adherence to ART
Biogeochemical modelling of anaerobic vs. aerobic methane oxidation in a meromictic crater lake (Lake Pavin, France)

International audienceMethane is a powerful greenhouse gas and its concentration in the atmosphere has increased over the past decades. Methane produced by methanogenic Archae can be consumed through aerobic and anaerobic oxidation pathways. In anoxic conditions found in freshwater environments such as meromictic lakes, CH4 oxidation pathways involving different terminal electron acceptors such as NO 3 , SO2 4 , and oxides of Fe and Mn are thermodynamically possible. In this study, a reactive transport model was developed to assess the relative significance of the different pathways of CH4 consumption in the water column of Lake Pavin. In most cases, the model reproduced experimental data collected from the field from June 2006 to June 2007. Although the model and the field measurements suggest that anaerobic CH4 oxidation may contribute to CH4 consumption in the water column of Lake Pavin, aerobic oxidation remains the major sink of CH4 in this lake
Measure of precursor electron density profiles of laser launched radiative shocks

Preliminary results have been presented elsewhere,* in this paper we go into more detailed analysis, including synthetic interferogram, and complete or correct some values, leading to a refined conclusion. * C.Stehlé, et al, Laser & Part.Beams 2010International audienceWe have studied the dynamics of strong radiative shocks generated with the high-energy subnanosecond iodine laser at Prague Asterix Laser System facility (Prague) over long time scales, up to 100 ns. These shock waves are characterized by a developed radiative precursor, a radiation driven ionization wave in front of the density jump of the shock. Electronic density profiles are measured at different times after the laser pulse and at different distances from the axis of the shock tube. A new feature, described as a split precursor, has been observed. Comparisons with two-dimensional computations are shown
Global modeling of the lower three polyads of PH_{3} Preliminary results

International audienceIn order to model the high-resolution infrared spectrum of the phosphine molecule in the 3 mu m region, a global approach involving the lower three polyads of the molecule (Dyad, Pentad and Octad) as been applied using an effective hamiltonian in the form of irreducible tensors. This model allowed to describe all the 15 vibrational states involved and to consider explicitly all relevant ro-vibrational interactions that cannot be accounted for by conventional perturbation approaches. 2245 levels (up to J=14) observed through transitions arising from 34 cold and hot bands including all available existing data as well as new experimental data have been fitted simultaneously using a unique set of effective hamiltonian parameters. The rms achieved is 0.63 10^{-3} cm^{-1} for 450 Dyad levels, 1.5 10^{-3} cm^{-1} for 1058 Pentad levels (from 3585 transitions) and 4.3 10^{-3} cm^{-1} for 737 Octad levels (from 2243 transitions). This work represents the first theoretical modeling of the 3 mu m region. It also improves the modeling of the region around 4.5 mu m by dividing the rms reported by previous works by a factor 6. A preliminary intensity analysis based on consistent sets of effective dipole moment operators for cold and hot bands has been simultaneously undertaken for direct comparison between observed and modeled absorption from 700 to 3500 cm^{-1}
Seismic source mechanisms of tremor recorded on Arenal volcano, Costa Rica, retrieved by waveform inversion

International audienceMoment tensor inversions of volcanic tremor are synthetically tested and subsequently applied to a dataset recorded on Arenal volcano in 2005. We selected 15 harmonic tremor events showing an emergent but very clear onset with a fundamental frequency range of 0.8-1.5 Hz. These events constitute an excellent opportunity to broaden our knowledge of tremor generation models. The inversions were performed for a common source location, the position of which was retrieved through the evaluation of the joint probability density function of the misfit values obtained by the moment tensor inversion of all the events and all predefined source locations (grid search). Events are located beneath the summit crater, in a shallow position. The inversion procedure was tested through the use of synthetic tremor, generated using full wavefield numerical simulations. The maximum amplitude decomposition method is used to analyse the solutions of the synthetic tests. The results highlight the stability of the moment tensor solution when the whole length of the signal is used in the inversion procedure. Hence the whole length of the tremor is utilised to retrieve the source mechanism generating the 15 tremor events. A sliding window is utilised to investigate the time variability of our solution. A crack dipping 20° to the North-Northeast is reconcilable with all 15 tremor events. This mechanism is found to be constant for the entire length of each tremor and for different events
Generation of two-dimensional water waves by moving bottom disturbances

21 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, 69 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/We investigate the potential and limitations of the wave generation by disturbances moving at the bottom. More precisely, we assume that the wavemaker is composed of an underwater object of a given shape which can be displaced according to a prescribed trajectory. We address the practical question of computing the wavemaker shape and trajectory generating a wave with prescribed characteristics. For the sake of simplicity we model the hydrodynamics by a generalized forced Benjamin-Bona-Mahony (BBM) equation. This practical problem is reformulated as a constrained nonlinear optimization problem. Additional constraints are imposed in order to fulfill various practical design requirements. Finally, we present some numerical results in order to demonstrate the feasibility and performance of the proposed methodology
A multi-agent knowledge model for SMEs mechatronic supply chains.

19International audienceThe main concern of this research work is to analyse and model supply chains (SCs) in a particular context which is that of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the field of mechatronic. The study is based on the analysis of the organisational features, the actors' behaviour, and performance considerations. The development of the model relies on an iterative framework that progressively integrates different aspects into the model. This framework is the ArchMDE process, which is based on MDE (Model Driven Engineering). A major feature of this work lies in its contribution to two different areas of research. The first contribution of the work is to propose a generic metamodel for SCs. Based on a literature review, an incremental framework is proposed for the modelling of SCs in terms of concepts, structure and relationships. The application of the framework to the studied context is described and its result is a domain-metamodel for SCs. The second contribution of this work lies in the formalisation of the dynamic behaviour of the concepts in the metamodel. This formalisation is based on the multi-agent approach. An agentification of the metamodel is thus drawn, thanks to the natural links between multiagent theory and SC reality. This step leads to an agentified-domain-metamodel which also includes the monitoring of the SC and synchronisation protocols. By adding relationships and dynamic behavior aspects, we obtain a metamodel of the domain that can be implemented, with its static and dynamic aspects. To validate this model, an industrial case study is detailed and has been instantiated and encoded in JAVA