pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Theoretical optoelectronic analysis of MgIn2S4 and CdIn2S4 thiospinels: Effect of transition-metal substitution in intermediate-band formation

We analyzed and compared two families of intermediate-band materials derived from indium thiospinels: MgIn2S4, having an inverse spinel structure, and CdIn2S4, a direct spinel. First-principles studies of the electronic structures of these two parent semiconductors were carried out to understand the nature of their band gaps. Optical properties were also analyzed and we found good agreement with experiments. As derivatives of these semiconductors, alloys where transition metals (M=Ti and V) substitute for In atoms at octahedral sites are presented as a class of intermediate-band materials. First, the effect of the substitution on structural parameters is assessed. Then, electronic structures are determined for Mg2MIn3S8 and Cd2MIn3S8 to show that the t2g d states of the transition metal form a partially filled localized band within the band gap of the host semiconductor. The suitability of these compounds as photovoltaic high-efficiency absorbers is discussed. An increase in absorption is assessed by studying the contribution of the transition-metal band toward their optical properties, in the range of higher solar emission, and comparing them with those of the host semiconductors. An analysis of transmittance spectra is carried out to predict the range of optimum thicknesses for samples of this type of thin film absorber. We compare, by means of structural, electronic, and optical behavior, Ti and V as substituents, to evaluate the resulting alloys for potential photovoltaic applications
Electronically Tunable Phase Response for Phased array Patches

The design and prototyping of radiating elements with tunable phase response, for reconfigurable patch array antennas, is presented. Different options are found in the technical literature to obtain feasible reconfigurable array antennas: placing the active circuitry in the transmission lines or directly over the radiating element, obtaining the desired phase shift for each radiating element of the array. In this reported work, the second option is selected and active radiating elements at 12 GHz are designed and prototyped
HVOF-Deposited WCCoCr as Replacement for Hard Cr in Landing Gear Actuators

WCCoCr coatings deposited by HVOF can replace hard Cr on landing gear components. Powders with two different WC particle sizes (micro and nano-) and geometries have been employed to study the effects on the coating’s properties. Moreover, coatings produced employing two sets of parameters resulting in high and low flame temperatures have been evaluated. Minor differences in microstructure and morphology were observed for the two powders employing the same spraying parameters, but the nano-sized powder exhibited a higher spraying efficiency. However, more significant microstructural changes result when the low- and high-energy spray parameters are used. Moreover, results of various tests which include adhesion, wear, salt fog corrosion resistance, liquid immersion, and axial fatigue strength, indicate that the coatings produced with high-energy flame are similar in behavior. On the other hand, the nanostructured low-energy flame coating exhibited a significantly lower salt fog corrosion resistanc
Social and content hybrid image recommender system for mobile social networks

One of the advantages of social networks is the possibility to socialize and personalize the content created or shared by the users. In mobile social networks, where the devices have limited capabilities in terms of screen size and computing power, Multimedia Recommender Systems help to present the most relevant content to the users, depending on their tastes, relationships and profile. Previous recommender systems are not able to cope with the uncertainty of automated tagging and are knowledge domain dependant. In addition, the instantiation of a recommender in this domain should cope with problems arising from the collaborative filtering inherent nature (cold start, banana problem, large number of users to run, etc.). The solution presented in this paper addresses the abovementioned problems by proposing a hybrid image recommender system, which combines collaborative filtering (social techniques) with content-based techniques, leaving the user the liberty to give these processes a personal weight. It takes into account aesthetics and the formal characteristics of the images to overcome the problems of current techniques, improving the performance of existing systems to create a mobile social networks  recommender with a high degree of adaptation to any kind of user
A new method for the identification of old-growth trees in National Forest Inventories: Application to Pinus halepensis Mill. stands in Spain

Old-growth trees play a very important role in the maintenance of biodiversity in forests. However, no clear definition is yet available to help identify them since tree age is usually not recorded in National Forest Inventories. To develop and test a new method to identify old-growth trees using a species-specific threshold for tree diameter in National Forest Inventories. Different nonlinear mixed models for diameter ? age were generated using data from the Spanish Forest Inventory in order to identify the most appropriate one for Aleppo pine in its South-western distribution area. The asymptote of the optimal model indicates the threshold diameter for defining an old-growth tree. Additionally, five site index curves were examined to analyze the influence of site quality on these models
Enhancing Guideline-based decision support with distributed computation through local mobile application

We introduce the need for a distributed guideline-based decision sup-port (DSS) process, describe its characteristics, and explain how we implement-ed this process within the European Union?s MobiGuide project. In particular, we have developed a mechanism of sequential, piecemeal projection, i.e., 'downloading' small portions of the guideline from the central DSS server, to the local DSS in the patient's mobile device, which then applies that portion, us-ing the mobile device's local resources. The mobile device sends a callback to the central DSS when it encounters a triggering pattern predefined in the pro-jected module, which leads to an appropriate predefined action by the central DSS, including sending a new projected module, or directly controlling the rest of the workflow. We suggest that such a distributed architecture that explicitly defines a dialog between a central DSS server and a local DSS module, better balances the computational load and exploits the relative advantages of the cen-tral server and of the local mobile device
Characterization of CPV arrays based on differences on their thermal resistances

Thermal characterization of Concentrating Photovoltaics (CPV) modules and Arrays is needed to determine their performance and modelling of energy forecast. Module-ambient thermal resistance is easily obtained from its definition but the cell-module thermal resistant needs to be estimated from indirect procedures, two of them are presented in this paper. In addition, an equivalent parameter is defined, the Concentrator Nominal Operating Module/Cell Temperature (CNOMT/CNOCT), the temperature at Concentrator Standard Operating Conditions (CSOC). Definitions and expression to relate (CNOMT/CNOCT) to thermal resistances are presented, plus several examples of estimations from real operating arrays
Lock-in amplifiers for AMR sensors

Anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) magnetic sensors are often chosen as the magnetic transducer for magnetic field sensing in applications with low to moderate magnetic field resolution because of the relative low mass of the sensor and their ease of use. They measure magnetic fields in the order of the Earth magnetic field (with typical sensitivities of 1‰/G or 10−2‰/μT), have typical minimum detectable fields in order of nT and even 0.1 nT but they are seriously limited by the thermal drifts due to the variation of the resistivity with temperature (∼2.5‰/°C) and the variation of the magnetoresistive effect with temperature (which affects both the sensitivity of the sensors: ∼2.7‰/°C, and the offset: ±0.5‰/°C). Therefore, for lower magnetic fields, fluxgate vector sensors are generally preferred.\ud
\ud
In the present work these limitations of AMR sensors are outlined and studied. Three methods based on lock-in amplifiers are proposed as low noise techniques. Their performance has been simulated, experimentally tested and comparatively discussed. The developed model has been also used to derive a technique for temperature compensation of AMR response. The final goal to implement these techniques in a space qualified applied specific integrated circuit (ASIC) for Mars in situ exploration with compact miniaturized magnetometers
Temporal trends in fetal mortality at and beyond term and induction of labor in Germany 2005-2012 : data from German routine perinatal monitoring

PURPOSE:
While a variety of factors may play a role in fetal and neonatal deaths, postmaturity as a cause of stillbirth remains a topic of debate. It still is unclear, whether induction of labor at a particular gestational age may prevent fetal deaths.
METHODS:
A multidisciplinary working group was granted access to the most recent set of relevant German routine perinatal data, comprising all 5,291,011 hospital births from 2005 to 2012. We analyzed correlations in rates of induction of labor (IOL), perinatal mortality (in particular stillbirths) at different gestational ages, and fetal morbidity. Correlations were tested with Pearson's product-moment analysis (α = 5 %). All computations were performed with SPSS version 22.
RESULTS:
Induction rates rose significantly from 16.5 to 21.9 %  (r = 0.98; p \ 0.001).  There  were  no  significant
changes   in   stillbirth   rates   (0.28–0.35   per   100   births; r = 0.045; p = 0.806). Stillbirth rates 2009–2012 remained stable in all gestational age groups irrespective of induction.  Fetal  morbidity  (one  or  more  ICD-10  codes) rose significantly during 2005–2012. This was true for both children with (from 33 to 37 %, r = 0.784, p \ 0.001) and without (from 25 to 31 %, ( r = 0.920, p \ 0.001) IOL.
CONCLUSIONS:
An increase in IOL at term is not associated with a decline in perinatal mortality. Perinatal morbidity increased with and without indiction of labor
Nuclear magic numbers: new features far from stability

ReviewThe main purpose of the present manuscript is to review the structural evolution along the isotonic and isotopic chains around the "traditional" magic numbers 8; 20; 28; 50; 82 and 126. The exotic regions of the chart of nuclides have been explored during the three last decades. Then the postulate of permanent magic numbers was de nitely abandoned and the reason for these structural mutations has been in turn searched for. General trends in the evolution of shell closures are discussed using complementary experimental information, such as the binding energies of the orbits bounding the shell gaps, the trends of the rst collective states of the even-even semi-magic nuclei, and the behavior of certain single-nucleon states. Each section is devoted to a particular magic number. It describes the underlying physics of the shell evolution which is not yet fully understood and indicates future experimental and theoretical challenges. The nuclear mean eld embodies various facets of the Nucleon- Nucleon interaction, among which the spin-orbit and tensor terms play decisive roles in the shell evolutions. The present review intends to provide experimental constraints to be used for the re nement of theoretical models aiming at a good description of the existing atomic nuclei and at more accurate predictions of hitherto unreachable systems
The pH sensitivity of Aqp0 channels in tetraploid and diploid teleosts

-Water homeostasis and the structural integrity of the vertebrate lens is partially mediated by AQP0 channels. Emerging evidence indicates that external pH may be involved in channel gating. Here we show that a tetraploid teleost, the Atlantic salmon, retains 4 aqp0 genes (aqp0a1, -0a2, -0b1, and -0b2), which are highly, but not exclusively, expressed in the lens. Functional characterization reveals that, although each paralog permeates water efficiently, the permeability is respectively shifted to the neutral, alkaline, or acidic pH in Aqp0a1, -0a2, and -0b1, whereas that of Aqp0b2 is not regulated by external pH. Mutagenesis studies demonstrate that Ser(38), His(39), and His(40) residues in the extracellular transmembrane domain of α-helix 2 facing the water pore are critical for the pH modulation of water transport. To validate these findings, we show that both zebrafish Aqp0a and -0b are functional water channels with respective pH sensitivities toward alkaline or acid pH ranges and that an N-terminal allelic variant (Ser(19)) of Aqp0b exists that abolishes water transport in Xenopus laevis oocytes. The data suggest that the alkaline pH sensitivity is a conserved trait in teleost Aqp0 a-type channels, whereas mammalian AQP0 and some teleost Aqp0 b-type channels display an acidic pH permeation preference
Mental health problems in children and adolescents referred to a national epilepsy center

-This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of psychiatric morbidity in children and adolescents referred to a tertiary national epilepsy center (inpatient unit) and the extent of the unmet need for psychiatric services in this group. Participants were 74 children and adolescents aged 9–15 referred from February 2001 to October 2002 (67% response rate). The multi-informant (parent, teacher, self-report) Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (SDQs) were answered before or at admission. Patients with severe mental retardation or pervasive developmental disorder were excluded. We found a large proportion (77%) with a possible or probable psychiatric disorder. The parents, teachers, and adolescents themselves had higher mean SDQ scores than a British community sample on total difficulties, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity–inattention, peer problems, and impairment, but not self-reported conduct problems. Nearly 80% of the children who probably had a psychiatric disorder had no contact with the psychiatric service
The relationship between chemistry and physics from the perspective of Bohmian mechanics

Although during the last decades the philosophy of chemistry has greatly extended its thematic scope, the main difficulties appear in the attempt to link the chemical description of atoms and molecules and the description supplied by quantum mechanics. The aim of this paper is to analyze how the difficulties that threaten the continuous conceptual link between molecular chemistry and quantum mechanics can be overcome or, at least, moderated from the perspective of BM. With this purpose, in “The quantum-mechanical challenges” section the foundational incompatibility between chemical and SQM descriptions will be briefly recalled. “Bohmian mechanics” section will be devoted to explain the main features of BM. In “Empirical equivalence and underdetermination” section, the consequences of the empirical equivalence between SQM and BM will be discussed. Finally, in the Conclusion, we will stress the scope of the obtained conclusions and the philosophical difficulties that still remain even after adopting BM for foundational purposes
No-Go Theorems and the Foundations of Quantum Physics

In the history of quantum physics several no-go theorems have been proved, and many of them have played a central role in the development of the theory, such as Bell’s or the Kochen–Specker theorem. A recent paper by F. Laudisa has raised reasonable doubts concerning the strategy followed in proving some of these results, since they rely on the standard framework of quantum mechanics, a theory that presents several ontological problems. The aim of this paper is twofold: on the one hand, I intend to reinforce Laudisa’s methodological point by critically discussing Malament’s theorem in the context of the philosophical foundation of quantum field theory; secondly, I rehabilitate Gisin’s theorem showing that Laudisa’s concerns do not apply to it
Active over 45 : a step-up jogging programme for inactive female hospital staff members aged 45+

Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch)
© The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.Background: Inactive individuals face motivational obstacles for becoming and remaining physically active. Therefore, sustainable physical activity promotion programmes tailored to reach inactive individuals are needed. The aim of this study was to test the role of motivation and the effect and feasibility of a training programme. 
Methods: We enrolled physically inactive female hospital staff members aged 45 and older in an uncontrolled exercise trial. Follow-up assessments were at 3 and 12 months. The primary outcome was running distance (Cooper test). Secondary outcomes were level of physical activity (Freiburger Physical Activity Questionnaire) and body mass index. 
Results: Out of 1249 female hospital staff, 275 classified themselves as inactive and 250 (91%) of them were interested in the exercise programme. Of these, 68 (27%; mean age 53.2 years) agreed to participate in our study and 47 (69%) completed the programme. Average running distance increased by 255.70 m [95% confidence interval (CI) 208.09–303.31] at 3-month follow-up with a sustained benefit at 12-month follow-up (194.02; 95% CI 143.75–244.47). Physical activity level increased by 1152.52 kcal week−1 (95% CI 703.73–1601.32) at 3 months with a sustained benefit (1279.10 kcal week−1, 95% CI 826.80–1731.40) after 12 months. Notably, baseline motivation to become physically active was not associated with change in physical performance or physical activity level during the programme. 
Conclusion: The 3-month step-up jogging programme is a feasible and effective exercise intervention for physically inactive, middle-aged female hospital staff members. The intervention leads to sustained benefits independently of motivation to become more physically active
Against Laplacian Reduction of Newtonian Mass to Spatiotemporal Quantities

Laplace wondered about the minimal choice of initial variables and parameters corresponding to a well-posed initial value problem. Discussions of Laplace's problem in the literature have focused on choosing between spatiotemporal variables relative to absolute space (i.e. substantivalism) or merely relative to other material bodies (i.e. relationalism) and between absolute masses (i.e. absolutism) or merely mass ratios (i.e. comparativism). This paper extends these discussions of Laplace's problem, in the context of Newtonian Gravity, by asking whether mass needs to be included in the initial state at all, or whether a purely spatiotemporal initial state suffices. It is argued that mass indeed needs to be included; removing mass from the initial state drastically reduces the predictive and explanatory power of Newtonian Gravity
Supporting Digital Scholarship in Research Libraries: Scalability and Sustainability

This is the peer-reviewed version of an article published in the Journal
of Library Administration, 53(1), 2013, special issue 'Digital
Humanities in Libraries: New Models for Scholarly Engagement.' Issue
URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/toc/wjla20/53/1 Article URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2013.756689  This work is licensed
under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/deed.en_US
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The open access table of contents of this special issue: http://micahvandegrift.wordpress.com/2013/01/30/proof/New York University Libraries and our partners in Information Technology
Services offer effective enterprise-wide technology solutions for many
academic practices, but we are still working to solve the 'faculty
website problem'--providing services for digital scholarship and
publishing in a way that is both scalable and sustainable. This article
describes our study of NYU scholars' needs and digital scholarship
support at other research institutions, and then introduces a service
model we developed for supporting such services (which may include
digitization, hosting of research data, digital publishing, the
development of software for scholarly practices, and more). We then
discuss the challenges to research libraries of implementing our service
model in a scalable, sustainable way, by addressing project and tool
selection, staffing, and organizational change
Fabrication of GaN nanorods by focused ion beam

Ordered arrays of III-Nitride nanocolumns are excellent candidates for the fabrication of nano-optoelectronic devices. Different technologies such as e-beam lithography or colloidal lithography, have been used to obtain ordered arrays. All these technologies have in common several processing steps that can affect the crystalline growth of the nanocolumns. In this work, we present a single lithographic step that permits to grow ordered GaN nanocolumns with different geometries. The patterning is based in the use of a focused ion beam with different doses. With this method has been possible to create GaN nanopillars and nanocylinders
Which pattern? Biasing aspects of planar calibration patterns and detection methods

This paper provides a comparative study on the use of planar patterns in the generation of control points for camera calibration. This is an important but often neglected aspect in camera calibration. Two popular checkerboard and circular dot patterns are each examined with two detection strategies for invariance to the potential bias from projective transformations and nonlinear distortions. It is theoretically and experimentally shown that circular patterns can potentially be aﬀected by both biasing sources. Guidelines are given to control such bias. In contrast, appropriate checkerboard detection is shown to be bias free. The ﬁndings have important implications for camera calibration, indicating that well accepted methods may give poorer results than necessary if applied naively
Solar wind dynamic pressure effect on planetary wave propagation and synoptic-scale Rossby Wave Breaking

We provide statistical evidence of the effect of the solar wind dynamic pressure (Psw) on the northern winter and spring circulations. We find that the vertical structure of the Northern Annular Mode (NAM), the zonal mean circulation, and Eliassen-Palm (EP)-flux anomalies show a dynamically consistent pattern of downward propagation over a period of ~45 days in response to positive Psw anomalies. When the solar irradiance is high, the signature of Psw is marked by a positive NAM anomaly descending from the stratosphere to the surface during winter. When the solar irradiance is low, the Psw signal has the opposite sign, occurs in spring, and is confined to the stratosphere. The negative Psw signal in the NAM under low solar irradiance conditions is primarily governed by enhanced vertical EP-flux divergence and a warmer polar region. The winter Psw signal under high solar irradiance conditions is associated with positive anomalies of the horizontal EP-flux divergence at 55°N–75°N and negative anomalies at 25°N–45°N, which corresponds to the positive NAM anomaly. The EP-flux divergence anomalies occur ~15 days ahead of the mean-flow changes. A significant equatorward shift of synoptic-scale Rossby wave breaking (RWB) near the tropopause is detected during January–March, corresponding to increased anticyclonic RWB and a decrease in cyclonic RWB. We suggest that the barotropic instability associated with asymmetric ozone in the upper stratosphere and the baroclinic instability associated with the polar vortex in the middle and lower stratosphere play a critical role for the winter signal and its downward propagation