pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for the production of dark matter in association with top-quark pairs in the single-lepton final state in proton-proton collisions at √S= 8TeV

A search is presented for particle dark matter produced in association with a pair of top quarks in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of √S= 8TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. This search requires the presence of one lepton, multiple jets, and large missing transverse energy. No excess of events is found above the SM expectation, and upper limits are derived on the production cross section. Interpreting the findings in the context of a scalar contact interaction between fermionic dark matter particles and top quarks, lower limits on the interaction scale are set. These limits are also interpreted in terms of the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross sections for the spin-independent scalar operator and they complement direct searches for dark matter particles in the low mass regio
Energy depence of forward 1S0 diproton production in the pp -> pp pi0 reaction

The pp -> {pp}(s)pi(0) differential cross section has been measured with the ANKE spectrometer at COSY-Mlich for seven proton beam energies T-p between 0.51 and 1.97 GeV. By selecting proton pairs with an excitation energy of less than 3 MeV it is ensured that the final {pp}(s) system is in the S-1(0) state. In the measured region of theta(cm)(pp) less than or similar to 18 degrees the data reveal a forward dip for T-p <= 1.4 GeV whereas a forward peaking seen at 1.97 GeV. The energy dependence of the forward cross section shows a broad peak in the 0.6-0.8 GeV region, probably associated with Delta(1232) excitation. and a minimum at 1.4 GeV Some of these features are similar to those observed for the spin-isospin partner reaction, pp -> d pi(+). However. the ratio of the forward differential cross sections of the two reactions shows a significant suppression of single pion production associated with a spin-singlet final nucleon pair. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Spatio-temporal soil moisture patterns - A meta-analysis using plot to catchment scale data

Soil moisture is a key variable in hydrology, meteorology and agriculture. It is influenced by many factors, such as topography, soil properties, vegetation type, management, and meteorological conditions. The role of these factors in controlling the spatial patterns and temporal dynamics is often not well known. The aim of the current study is to analyze spatio-temporal soil moisture patterns acquired across a variety of land use types, on different spatial scales (plot to meso-scale catchment) and with different methods (point measurements, remote sensing, and modeling). We apply a uniform set of tools to determine method specific effects, as well as site and scale specific controlling factors. Spatial patterns of soil moisture and their temporal development were analyzed using nine different datasets from the Rur catchment in Western Germany. For all datasets we found negative linear relationships between the coefficient of variation and the mean soil moisture, indicating lower spatial variability at higher mean soil moisture. For a forest sub-catchment compared to cropped areas, the offset of this relationship was larger, with generally larger variability at similar mean soil moisture values. Using a geostatistical analysis of the soil moisture patterns we identified three groups of datasets with similar values for sill and range of the theoretical variogram: (i) modeled and measured datasets from the forest sub-catchment (patterns mainly influenced by soil properties and topography), (ii) remotely sensed datasets from the cropped part of the Rur catchment (patterns mainly influenced by the land-use structure of the cropped area), and (iii) modeled datasets from the cropped part of the Rur catchment (patterns mainly influenced by large scale variability of soil properties). A fractal analysis revealed that all analyzed soil moisture patterns showed a multifractal behavior, with at least one scale break and generally high fractal dimensions. Corresponding scale breaks were found between different datasets. The factors causing these scale breaks are consistent with the findings of the geostatistical analysis. Furthermore, the joined analysis of the different datasets showed that small differences in soil moisture dynamics, especially at the upper and lower bounds of soil moisture (at maximum porosity and wilting point of the soils) can have a large influence on the soil moisture patterns and their autocorrelation structure. Depending on the prevalent type of land use and the time of year, vegetation causes a decrease or an increase of spatial variability in the soil moisture pattern
Two-loop low-energy effective action in Abelian supersymmetric Chern–Simons matter models

We compute two-loop low-energy effective actions in Abelian Chern–Simons matter models with =2 and =3 supersymmetry up to four-derivative order. Calculations are performed with a slowly-varying gauge superfield background. Though the gauge superfield propagator depends on the gauge fixing parameter, it is shown that the obtained results are independent of this parameter. In the massless case the considered models are superconformal. We demonstrate that the superconformal symmetry strongly restricts the form of two-loop quantum corrections to the effective actions such that the obtained terms have simpler structure than the analogous ones in the effective action of three-dimensional supersymmetric electrodynamics (SQED) with vanishing topological mass
Proton decay at M pl and the scale of SUSY-breaking

It is sometimes argued that a virtue of pushing the supersymmetry breaking scale above 1 PeV is that no particular flavor structure is required in the soft sector in order to evade bounds on flavor-changing neutral currents. However, without flavor structure, suppressing generic Planck-suppressed contributions to proton decay requires even higher SUSY scales, of order 10 11 (10 9 ) GeV for degenerate (mini-split) gauginos and scalars. With flavor structure, the question of whether proton decay or flavor symmetries are more constraining is model-dependent, but it straightforward to find simple models where both constraints are satisfied for much lower SUSY scales
The ρ -meson longitudinal leading-twist distribution amplitude

In the present paper, we suggest a convenient model for the vector ρ -meson longitudinal leading-twist distribution amplitude ϕ2;ρ‖  whose distribution is controlled by a single parameter B2;ρ‖ . By choosing proper chiral current in the correlator, we obtain new light-cone sum rules (LCSR) for the B→ρ TFFs A1 A2 and V  in which the δ1 -order ϕ2;ρ‖ provides dominant contributions. Then we make a detailed discussion on the ϕ2;ρ‖ properties via those B→ρ TFFs. A proper choice of B2;ρ‖ can make all the TFFs agree with the lattice QCD predictions. A prediction of |Vub| has also been presented by using the extrapolated TFFs, which indicates that a larger B2;ρ‖ leads to a larger |Vub| . To compare with the BABAR data on |Vub|  the longitudinal leading-twist DA ϕ2;ρ‖ prefers a doubly-humped behavior
Implications of teacher life-work histories for conceptualisations of ‘care’: narratives from rural Zimbabwe

Schools are increasingly seen as key sites for support to HIV-affected and other vulnerable children, and teachers are assigned the critical role of identifying and providing psychosocial support. Drawing on the life-work history narratives of twelve teachers in Zimbabwe, this paper explores the psychosocial processes underpinning teachers’ conceptualisations of these caring roles. The influence of prolonged adversity, formative relationships, and broader patterns of social and institutional change in teacher identity formation processes speak to the complex and embodied nature of understandings of ‘care’. In such extreme settings teachers prioritise the material and disciplinary aspects of ‘care’ that they see  as essential for supporting children to overcome hardship.  This focus not only means that emotional support as envisaged in international policy is commonly overlooked, but also exposes a wider ideological clash about childrearing. This tension together with an overall ambivalence surrounding teacher identities puts further strain on teacher-student relationships. We propose the current trainings on providing emotional support are insufficient and that more active focus needs to be directed at support to teachers in relation with their students
Novel classification scheme for temporal genomic and proteomic problems

For over a decade genomic and proteomic datasets present a challenge for various statistical and machine learning methods. Most of microarray or mass spectrometry based datasets consist of a small number of samples with a large number of gene or protein expression measurements, but in the past few years new types of datasets with an additional time component are becoming available. This type of datasets offer new opportunities for development of new classification and gene selection techniques where one of the problems is the reduction of high-dimensionality. This paper presents a novel classification technique which combines feature extraction and feature selection to obtain the optimal set of genes available to a classifier.PRIB 2008 proceedings found at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88436-
A novel subset of putative stem/progenitor CD34+Oct-4+ cells is the major target for SARS coronavirus in human lung

Identification of the nature of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-infected cells is crucial toward understanding the pathogenesis. Using multicolor colocalization techniques, we previously reported that SARS + cells in the lung of fatally infected patients expressed the only known functional receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and also a binding receptor, liver/lymph node-specific ICAM-3-grabbing non-integrin (CD209L). In this study, we show that SARS-infected cells also express the stem/progenitor cell markers CD34 and Oct-4, and do not express cytokeratin or surfactant. These putative lung stem/progenitor cells can also be identified in some non-SARS individuals and can be infected by SARS-coronavirus ex vivo. Infection of these cells may contribute to the loss of lung repair capacity that leads to respiratory failure as clinically observed. JEM © The Rockefeller University Press.published_or_final_versio
Structural and mechanistic insights into fast lithium-ion conduction in Li4SiO4-Li3PO4 solid electrolytes

Solid electrolytes that are chemically stable and have a high ionic conductivity would dramatically enhance the safety and operating lifespan of rechargeable lithium batteries. Here, we apply a multi-technique approach to the Li-ion conducting system (1–z)Li4SiO4–(z)Li3PO4 with the aim of developing a solid electrolyte with enhanced ionic conductivity. Previously unidentified superstructure and immiscibility features in high-purity samples are characterized by X-ray and neutron diffraction across a range of compositions (z = 0.0–1.0). Ionic conductivities from AC impedance measurements and large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are in good agreement, showing very low values in the parent phases (Li4SiO4 and Li3PO4) but orders of magnitude higher conductivities (10–3 S/cm at 573 K) in the mixed compositions. The MD simulations reveal new mechanistic insights into the mixed Si/P compositions in which Li-ion conduction occurs through 3D pathways and a cooperative interstitial mechanism; such correlated motion is a key factor in promoting high ionic conductivity. Solid-state 6Li, 7Li, and 31P NMR experiments reveal enhanced local Li-ion dynamics and atomic disorder in the solid solutions, which are correlated to the ionic diffusivity. These unique insights will be valuable in developing strategies to optimize the ionic conductivity in this system and to identify next-generation solid electrolytes
The influence of organisational climate on care of patients with schizophrenia:a qualitative analysis of health care professionals’ views

Background: Organizational climate relates to how employees perceive and describe the characteristics of their employing organization. It has been found to have an impact on healthcare professionals’ and patients’ experiences of healthcare (e.g. job satisfaction, patient satisfaction), as well as organizational outcomes (e.g. employee productivity). This research used organizational theory to explore dynamics between health care professionals (pharmacists, doctors and nurses) in mental health outpatients’ services for patients taking clozapine, and the perceived influence on patient care. Setting: Seven clozapine clinics (from one NHS mental health Trust in the UK) which provided care for people with treatment resistant schizophrenia. Methods: This study used qualitative methods to identify organizational climate factors such as deep structures, micro-climates and climates of conflict that might inhibit change and affect patient care. Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 healthcare professionals working in the clinics to explore their experiences of working in these clinics and the NHS mental health Trust the clinics were part of. Main outcome measure: Health Care Professionals’ perceptions of the care of patients with treatment resistant schizophrenia. Results: Three superordinate themes emerged from the data: philosophy of care, need for change and role ambiguity. Participants found it difficult to articulate what a philosophy of care was and in spite of expressing the need for change in the way the clinics were run, could not see how ‘changing things would work’. There was considerable role ambiguity with some ‘blurring of the boundaries between roles’. Factors associated with organizational climate (role conflict; job satisfaction) were inhibiting team working and preventing staff from identifying the patients’ health requirements and care delivery through innovation in skill mix. There were mixed attitudes towards the pharmacist’s inclusion as a team member.Conclusion: Our findings suggest deficiencies within the clinics that may be manifestations of the wider culture of the NHS. The implications for mental health outpatient clinics are that local initiatives are crucial to the implementation of recovery models; clear guidance should be provided on the skill mix required in clozapine clinics and interprofessional learning should be encouraged to reduce role conflict. Keywords: United Kingdom; NHS; organizational climate; philosophy of care; role ambiguity; organizational change; schizophrenia; clozapine; pharmacist prescriber; medication management. Impact of these research findings: •The role and skill mix of multidisciplinary teams delivering clinical care should be better defined. •Pharmacists can have a positive impact on the health of patients taking clozapine for treatment resistant schizophrenia. •Pharmacists should be included in all clinical teams to ensure that patients’ medication needs are met
Imaging the three-dimensional architecture of the Middle Aterno basin (2009 L’Aquila earthquake, Central Italy) using ground TDEM and seismic noise surveys: preliminary results

We present preliminary results from a multidisciplinary geophysical approach applied to the imaging of the threedimensional
architecture of the Middle Aterno basin, close to the epicentral area of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake (central Italy).
We collected several time domain electromagnetic soundings (TDEM) coupled with seismic noise measurements focusing on the
characterization of the bedrock/infill interface. Our preliminary results agree with existing geophysical data collected in the area,
and show that the southeastern portion of the basin is characterized by a deepening of the Mesozoic-Tertiary bedrock down to a
depth of more than 450 m. We found that a joint use of electromagnetic and seismic methods significantly contributes in
obtaining new insights on the 3D geometry of the Middle Aterno basin. Moreover, we believe that our combined approach based
on TDEM and noise measurements can be adopted to investigate similar geological settings elsewhere
Quantitative computed tomography–derived clusters : Redefining airway remodeling in asthmatic patients

Background - Asthma heterogeneity is multidimensional and requires additional tools to unravel its complexity. Computed tomography (CT)–assessed proximal airway remodeling and air trapping in asthmatic patients might provide new insights into underlying disease mechanisms.\ud
Objectives - The aim of this study was to explore novel, quantitative, CT-determined asthma phenotypes.\ud
Methods - Sixty-five asthmatic patients and 30 healthy subjects underwent detailed clinical, physiologic characterization and quantitative CT analysis. Factor and cluster analysis techniques were used to determine 3 novel, quantitative, CT-based asthma phenotypes.\ud
Results - Patients with severe and mild-to-moderate asthma demonstrated smaller mean right upper lobe apical segmental bronchus (RB1) lumen volume (LV) in comparison with healthy control subjects (272.3 mm³ [SD, 112.6 mm³], 259.0 mm³ [SD, 53.3 mm³], 366.4 mm³ [SD, 195.3 mm³], respectively; P = .007) but no difference in RB1 wall volume (WV). Air trapping measured based on mean lung density expiratory/inspiratory ratio was greater in patients with severe and mild-to-moderate asthma compared with that seen in healthy control subjects (0.861 [SD, 0.05)], 0.866 [SD, 0.07], and 0.830 [SD, 0.06], respectively; P = .04). The fractal dimension of the segmented airway tree was less in asthmatic patients compared with that seen in control subjects (P = .007). Three novel, quantitative, CT-based asthma clusters were identified, all of which demonstrated air trapping. Cluster 1 demonstrates increased RB1 WV and RB1 LV but decreased RB1 percentage WV. On the contrary, cluster 3 subjects have the smallest RB1 WV and LV values but the highest RB1 percentage WV values. There is a lack of proximal airway remodeling in cluster 2 subjects.\ud
Conclusions - Quantitative CT analysis provides a new perspective in asthma phenotyping, which might prove useful in patient selection for novel therapies.Supported in part by GlaxoSmithKline, Wellcome Trust Senior Fellowship, and the Airway Disease Predicting Outcomes through Patient Specific Computational Modelling (AirPROM) project (funded through FP7 EU grant). This article presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR).Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Single-cell responses to face adaptation in the human medial temporal lobe.

PMCID: PMC4210637 Supplemental Information includes three figures and can be found with this\ud
article online at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2014.09.006.We used a face adaptation paradigm to bias the perception of ambiguous images of faces and study how single neurons in the human medial temporal lobe (MTL) respond to the same images eliciting different percepts. The ambiguous images were morphs between the faces of two familiar individuals, chosen because at least one MTL neuron responded selectively to one but not to the other face. We found that the firing of MTL neurons closely followed the subjects' perceptual decisions--i.e., recognizing one person or the other. In most cases, the response to the ambiguous images was similar to the one obtained when showing the pictures without morphing. Altogether, these results show that many neurons in the medial temporal lobe signal the subjects' perceptual decisions rather than the visual features of the stimulus.This work was supported by\ud
grants from NINDS, EPSRC, MRC, the NIMH, and the G. Harold & Leila Y.\ud
Mathers Charitable Foundation.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Relamination of mafic subducting crust throughout Earth’s history.

Earth has likely cooled by several hundred degrees over its history, which has probably affected subduction dynamics and associated magmatism. Today, the process of compositional buoyancy driven upwelling, and subsequent underplating, of subducted materials (commonly referred to as “relamination”) is thought to play a role in the formation of continental crust. Given that Archean continental crust formation is best explained by the involvement of mafic material, we investigate the feasibility of mafic crust relamination under a wide range of conditions applicable to modern and early Earth subduction zones, to assess if such a process might have been viable in an early Earth setting.\ud
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Our numerical parametric study illustrates that the hotter, thicker-crust conditions of the early Earth favour the upward relamination of mafic subducting crust. The amount of relaminating subducting crust is observed to vary significantly, with subduction convergence rate having the strongest control on the volume of relaminated material. Indeed, removal of the entire mafic crust from the subducting slab is possible for slow subduction (∼2 cm/yr) under Archean conditions. We also observe great variability in the depth at which this separation occurs (80–120 km), with events corresponding to shallower detachment being more voluminous, and that relaminating material has to remain metastably buoyant until this separation depth, which is supported by geological, geophysical and geodynamical observations. Furthermore, this relamination behaviour is commonly episodic with a typical repeat time of approximately 10 Myrs, similar to timescales of episodicity observed in the Archean rock record. We demonstrate that this relamination process can result in the heating of considerable quantities of mafic material (to temperatures in excess of 900 °C), which is then emplaced below the over-riding lithosphere. As such, our results have implications for Archean subduction zone magmatism, for continental crust formation in the early Earth, and provide a novel explanation for the secular evolution of continental crust
Evaluating a concept design of a crowd-sourced 'mashup' providing ease-of-access information for people with limited mobility

This is an Open Access Article (CC-BY 3.0). It is published by Elsevier as Open Access at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2014.10.007This study investigates the impact of using a concept map-based 'mashup' (www.accessadvisr.net) to provide volunteered (i.e. user contributed) ease of access information to travellers with limited mobility. A scenario-based user trial, centred around journey planning, was undertaken with 20 participants, divided equally between (1) those who have physical restrictions on their mobility, due to disability, illness or injury, and (2) those with practical mobility constraints due to being parents with young children who have to use a child's pushchair when using public transport. Both user groups found the concept useful, but its potential impact was less for the pushchair user group. There were mixed views in relation to the ability of the mashup to convey the trustworthiness, credibility and reliability of information necessary for journey planning. The study identified a number of key information-related user requirements which help enable effective design of user contributed web-based resources for travellers with mobility-related issues