pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Axial resonances a 1 (1260), b 1 (1235) and their decays from the lattice

The light axial-vector resonances a 1 (1260) and b 1 (1235) are explored in N f = 2 lattice QCD by simulating the corresponding scattering channels ρπ and ωπ . Interpolating fields $ \overline{q}q $ and ρπ or ωπ are used to extract the s -wave phase shifts for the first time. The ρ and ω are treated as stable and we argue that this is justified in the considered energy range and for our parameters m π ⋍ 266 MeV and L ⋍ 2 fm. We neglect other channels that would be open when using physical masses in continuum. Assuming a resonance interpretation a Breit-Wigner fit to the phase shift gives the a 1 (1260) resonance mass $ m_{{{a_1}}}^{\mathrm{res}}=1.435\left( {53} \right)\left( {_{-109}^{+0 }} \right) $ compared to $ m_{{{a_1}}}^{\exp }=1.230\left( {40} \right) $ GeV. The a 1 width $ {\varGamma_{{{a_1}}}}(s)\equiv {{{{g^2}p}} \left/ {s} \right.} $ is parametrized in terms of the coupling and we obtain $ {g_a}{{_{{_1}}}_{\rho}}_{\pi }=1.71\left( {39} \right) $ GeV compared to $ g_{{{a_1}\rho \pi}}^{\exp }=1.35\left( {30} \right) $ GeV derived from $ \Gamma_{{{a_1}}}^{\exp }=425\left( {175} \right) $ MeV. In the b 1 channel, we find energy levels related to π (0) ω (0) and b 1 (1235), and the lowest level is found at E 1 ≳ m ω + m π but is within uncertainty also compatible with an attractive interaction. Assuming the coupling $ {g_{{{b_1}\omega \pi }}} $ extracted from the experimental width we estimate $ m_{{{b_1}}}^{res }=1.414\left( {36} \right)\left( {_{-83}^{+0 }} \right)
On the LHCb anomaly in B → K * ℓ + ℓ −

The latest LHCb angular analysis of the rare decay B → K ∗ μ + μ − shows some discrepancies from the SM up to the 3.7σ level. There is a consistent new physics explanation of these anomalies, while it is also reasonable that these anomalies are just statistical fluctuations and/or a direct consequence of underestimated hadronic uncertainties. We briefly discuss possible cross-checks of the various hypotheses with an analysis of the inclusive B → X s ℓ + ℓ − based on the data collected by the B factories Babar and Belle and also based on future opportunities at SuperBelle. We also present a global analysis of the latest LHCb data under the hypothesis of Minimal Flavour Violation. The latter is an important benchmark scenario for new physics models. Any measurements beyond the MFV bounds and relations unambiguously indicate the existence of new flavour structures next to the Yukawa couplings of the Standard Model. However, if new physics is responsible for these discrepancies, we show it is compatible with the MFV hypothesis, so no new flavour structures are needed. Moreover, we analyse the impact of the correlations between the observables based on a Monte Carlo study
Near-Hagedorn thermodynamics and random walks — extensions and examples

In this paper, we discuss several explicit examples of the results obtained in [1]. We elaborate on the random walk picture in these spacetimes and how it is modified. Firstly we discuss the linear dilaton background. Then we analyze a previously studied toroidally compactified background where we determine the Hagedorn temperature and study the random walk picture. We continue with flat space orbifold models where we discuss boundary conditions for the thermal scalar. Finally, we study the general link between the quantum numbers in the fundamental domain and the strip and their role in thermodynamics
Young athletic bodies and narrative maps of aging

This paper draws on data generated by life history interviews with 22, university based, young athletes to explore their narrative maps of aging. Three key resources were seen to provide information that shaped individual stories of self-aging. These were as follows: family members, older team members, and the undergraduate curriculum. Each of these is considered in turn and the manner in which they are consequential in constructing a feared self that is associated with bodily decline in the future is highlighted. It is suggested that these young athletes constitute a vulnerable group in relation to the aging process. The issue of narrative foreclosure is then discussed prior to suggestions being made as to how these prevailing narrative maps might be challenged and changed
Identification of heart rate-associated loci and their effects on cardiac conduction and rhythm disorders.

To access publisher's full text version of this article click on the hyperlink at the bottom of the pageElevated resting heart rate is associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. In a 2-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in up to 181,171 individuals, we identified 14 new loci associated with heart rate and confirmed associations with all 7 previously established loci. Experimental downregulation of gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster and Danio rerio identified 20 genes at 11 loci that are relevant for heart rate regulation and highlight a role for genes involved in signal transmission, embryonic cardiac development and the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart failure and/or sudden cardiac death. In addition, genetic susceptibility to increased heart rate is associated with altered cardiac conduction and reduced risk of sick sinus syndrome, and both heart rate-increasing and heart rate-decreasing variants associate with risk of atrial fibrillation. Our findings provide fresh insights into the mechanisms regulating heart rate and identify new therapeutic targets
Rhombus Filtrations and Rauzy Algebras.

Peach introduced rhombal algebras associated to quivers given by tilings of the plane by rhombi. We develop general techniques to analyze rhombal algebras, including a filtration by what we call rhombus modules.\ud
We introduce a way to relate the infinite-dimensional rhombal algebra corresponding\ud
to a complete tiling of the plane to finite-dimensional algebras corresponding to finite\ud
portions of the tiling. Throughout, we apply our general techniques to the special case of\ud
the Rauzy tiling, which is built in stages reflecting an underlying self-similarity. Exploiting this self-similar structure allows us to uncover interesting features of the associated finitedimensional algebras, including some of the tree classes in the stable Auslander-Reiten quiver
A deviant art : tattoo-related stigma in an era of commodification.

In Western society, tattoos have historically signified deviance and those who were tattooed were often stigmatized as a result. Extant research examines the nature of stigma and identifies a number of stigma management strategies adopted by people with tattoos. However, this research was conducted at a time when tattoo art was largely confined to particular groups and members of society. In recent years tattooing has transformed dramatically, such that the practice has become commodified and embedded in everyday production and consumption practices. Consequently, our study examines the changing nature of tattoo-related stigma, and the subsequent impact this has had on the strategies employed by consumers to manage this stigma. Emerging stigma management strategies are identified and discussed within the context of an emergent stigma, the “stigma of the commodity.
Metformin retards aging in C. elegans by altering microbial folate and methionine metabolism.

The biguanide drug metformin is widely prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, but its mode of action remains uncertain. Metformin also increases lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans cocultured with Escherichia coli. This bacterium exerts complex nutritional and pathogenic effects on its nematode predator/host that impact health and aging. We report that metformin increases lifespan by altering microbial folate and methionine metabolism. Alterations in metformin-induced longevity by mutation of worm methionine synthase (metr-1) and S-adenosylmethionine synthase (sams-1) imply metformin-induced methionine restriction in the host, consistent with action of this drug as a dietary restriction mimetic. Metformin increases or decreases worm lifespan, depending on E. coli strain metformin sensitivity and glucose concentration. In mammals, the intestinal microbiome influences host metabolism, including development of metabolic disease. Thus, metformin-induced alteration of microbial metabolism could contribute to therapeutic efficacy—and also to its side effects, which include folate deficiency and gastrointestinal upset
Non-exercise physical activity and survival: English longitudinal study of ageing

Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.Background: The activity patterns of older adults include more light/mild-intensity or “nonexercise”\ud
activity and less moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity. The health benefits of this type of\ud
activity pattern remain unclear.\ud
Purpose: To examine dose–response associations between physical activity and survival using\ud
time-varying analysis to understand the importance of “non-exercise” activity for survival in older\ud
adults.\ud
Methods: Participants (N¼10,426) were drawn from The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, a\ud
representative sample of men and women aged Z50 years living in England. Participant data were\ud
linked with death records from the National Health Service registries from 2002 to 2011. Analyses\ud
were conducted in 2013. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the risk of death\ud
according to time-varying estimates of physical activity.\ud
Results: Over an average follow-up of 7.8 years (median follow-up, 8.5 years), there were 1,896\ud
deaths. In models adjusted for comorbidities, psychosocial factors, smoking, and obesity, there was a\ud
dose–response association between time-varying physical activity and mortality, with the greatest\ud
survival benefit in vigorously active participants. However, participating in mild (“non-exercise”)-\ud
intensity physical activity was also associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio\ud
[HR]¼0.76, 95% CI¼0.69, 0.83); cardiovascular mortality (HR¼0.74, 95% CI¼0.64, 0.85); and\ud
death by other causes (HR¼0.67, 95% CI¼0.58, 0.78). Time-varying models produced stronger,\ud
more robust estimates than models using a single measurement of physical activity at baseline.\ud
Conclusions: Older adults gain health benefits from participating in regular “non-exercise”\ud
physical activity, although the greatest benefits are observed for more vigorous activity
In pursuit of a ‘Whole Brain’ approach to undergraduate teaching: implications of the Herrmann brain dominance model

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Studies in Higher Education on 24 Feb 2016, available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2016.1152463The question of ‘how we learn’ continues to direct scholarly debate, yet undergraduate teaching is typically designed to homogenise the learning environment. This is despite heterogeneous learning outcomes ensuing for students, owing to their different learning styles. Accordingly, we examine the relationship between teaching methodologies and learning styles. Drawing on the Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument and the theory of ‘whole-brain’ teaching, we find a suite of teaching methodologies that are generic across learning styles—tutorials, group work, firm-oriented case studies, game playing, reading journal papers, handouts, PowerPoint slides, in-class examples, in-class short exercises, and videos—and find a group of teaching methodologies—lectures, seminars, people-oriented case studies, creative problem-solving, reading textbooks, guest speakers, in-class small group exercises, homework, role play, problem-based learning, self-directed learning, project-based learning, and class debates—that target and develop specific learning styles. Implications of the ‘whole brain’ model for teaching and learning are discussed
Export diversification through resource-based industrialization: The case of natural gas

For small resource-rich developing economies, specialization in raw exports is usually considered to be detrimental to growth and Resource-Based Industrialization (RBI) is often advocated to promote export diversification. This paper develops a new methodology to assess the performance of these RBI policies. We first formulate an adapted mean-variance portfolio model that explicitly takes into consideration: (i) a technology-based representation of the set of feasible export combinations and (ii) the cost structure of the resource processing industries. Second, we provide a computationally tractable reformulation of the resulting mixed-integer nonlinear optimization problem. Finally, we present an application to the case of natural gas, comparing current and efficient export-oriented industrialization strategies of nine gas-rich developing countries
SU(2)$_L\times$SU(2)$_R$ minimal dark matter with 2 TeV $W'$

We construct the minimal dark matter models in the left-right symmetric
extensions of the standard model (SM), where the gauge symmetry
SU(3)$_C\times$SU(2)$_L\times$SU(2)$_R\times$U(1)$_{B-L}$ is broken into its
subgroup SU(3)$_C\times$U(1)$_{\rm em}$ by nonzero VEVs of a SU(2)$_R$ doublet
$H_R$ and a SU(2)$_L\times$ SU(2)$_R$ bidoublet $H$. A possible candidate of
dark matter is explored in the framework of minimal dark matter considering
SU(2)$_{L, R}$ multiplet scalar bosons and fermions. Then we focus on SU(2)$_R$
quintuplet fermions with $B-L$ charges 0, 2 and 4 as the minimal dark matter
candidates and investigate phenomenology of them. We show that the dark matter
in the model can provide observed relic density with 2 TeV $W'$ boson which is
motivated by the ATLAS diboson excess and CMS $eejj$ excess. The possible mass
of dark matter is predicted for each $B-L$ charge. We then estimate the
scattering cross section of dark matter with nucleon and production cross
section of charged components in the quintuplets at the LHC.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, version published in Phys. Lett.
First observation of the decay $D^{0}\rightarrow
  K^{-}\pi^{+}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ in the $\rho^{0}$-$\omega$ region of the dimuon
  mass spectrum

A study of the decay $D^{0}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ is
performed using data collected by the LHCb detector in proton-proton collisions
at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity
of 2.0 fb$^{-1}$. Decay candidates with muon pairs that have an invariant mass
in the range 675--875 MeV$/c^2$ are considered. This region is dominated by the
$\rho^{0}$ and $\omega$ resonances. The branching fraction in this range is
measured to be ${\cal B}$($D^{0}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$) =
$(4.17 \pm 0.12(stat) \pm 0.40(syst))\times10^{-6}$. This is the first
observation of the decay $D^{0}\rightarrow K^{-}\pi^{+}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$. Its
branching fraction is consistent with the value expected in the Standard Model.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figures. All figures and tables, along with any
  supplementary material and additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2015-043.htm
Probing the Dragonfish star-forming complex: the ionizing population of
  the young massive cluster Mercer 30

The Dragonfish Nebula has been recently claimed to be powered by a
superluminous but elusive OB association. Instead, systematic searches in
near-infrared photometric surveys have found many other cluster candidates on
this sky region. Among these, the first confirmed young massive cluster was
Mercer 30, where Wolf-Rayet stars were found. We perform a new characterization
of Mercer 30 with unprecedented accuracy, combining NICMOS/HST and VVV
photometric data with multi-epoch ISAAC/VLT H- and K-band spectra. Stellar
parameters for most of spectroscopically observed cluster members are found
through precise non-LTE atmosphere modeling with the CMFGEN code. Our
spectrophotometric study for this cluster yields a new, revised distance of d =
(12.4 +- 1.7) kpc and a total of Q = 6.70 x 10^50 Lyman ionizing photons. A
cluster age of (4.0 +- 0.8) Myr is found through isochrone fitting, and a total
mass of (1.6 +- 0.6) x 10^4 Msol is estimated thanks to our extensive knowledge
of the post-main-sequence population. As a consequence, membership of Mercer 30
to the Dragonfish star-forming complex is confirmed, allowing us to use this
cluster as a probe for the whole complex, which turns out to be extremely large
(400 pc across) and located at the outer edge of the Sagittarius-Carina spiral
arm (11 kpc from the Galactic Center). The Dragonfish complex hosts 19 young
clusters or cluster candidates (including Mercer 30 and a new candidate
presented in this work) and an estimated minimum of 9 field Wolf-Rayet stars.
The sum of all these contributions accounts for, at least, 73% of the
Dragonfish Nebula ionization and leaves little or no room for the alleged
superluminous OB association; alternative explanations are discussed.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy &
  Astrophysics; version after language editio
Trust, negotiations and virtual currencies for a sharing economy

We propose an application that allows users to request other users for help with every-day tasks. Users can pay each other for these tasks by issuing contracts in which the requester promises to return the favor in the future by performing some task for the other. Such contracts can be seen as an alternative currency, coined by the users themselves. Trust is an essential aspect of this system, as the issuer of a contract may fail to fulfill its commitments. Therefore, the application comes with a social network where users can leave comments about other users. Furthermore, our application includes a market place where users can exchange service contracts between each other, and a negotiation algorithm that can automatically trade these contracts on behalf of the user.Supported by MILESS - Ministerio de economía y competitividad - TIN2013-45039-P, CollectiveMind - Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, CONVOCATORIA 2013 - EXPLORA, TEC2013-49430-EXP and EU project 318770 PRAISEPeer reviewe
Successful treatment with carboplatin and nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel in a patient with pulmonary spindlecellcarcinoma

Introduction: Pulmonary spindle cell carcinoma (SpCC) is a rare subtype of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and, in general, is chemoresistance. Case: A sixty-five year-old male patient with metastatic pulmonary SpCC was initially treated with cisplatin and docetaxel, but his disease progressed. Then, he received a combination chemotherapy with carboplatin and nab-PTX followed by maintenanced chemotherapy with nab-PTX. Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron-emission CT revealed a substantial decrease of FDG accumulation in the primary tumor, and the response continued for more than 7 months. Discussion: Preclinical models suggested that nab-PTX may reach the tumor microenvironment more efficiently than solvent-based paclitaxel (sb-PTX) and be preferentially taken up by cancer cells. Considering that there is no effective treatment for patients with pulmonary SpCC, nab-PTX may merit further investigation in patients with pulmonary SpCC
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Extracellular stiffness cell sensitivity

International audienceThis study aims at improving the understanding of mechanisms responsible for cell sensitivity to extracellular environment. We explain how substrate mechanical properties can modulate the force regulation of cell sensitive elements primarily adhesion sites. We present a theoretical and experimental comparison between two radically different approaches of the force regulation of adhesion sites that depends on their either stationary or dynamic behavior. The most classical stationary model fails to predict cell sensitivity to substrate stiffness whereas the dynamic model predicts extracellular stiffness dependence. This is due to a time dependent reaction force in response to actomyosin traction force exerted on cell sensitive elements. We purposely used two cellular models, i.e., alveolar epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages exhibiting respectively stationary and dynamic adhesion sites, and compared their sensitivity to theoretical predictions. Mechanical and structural results show that alveolar epithelial cells exhibit significant prestress supported by evident stress fibers and lacks sensitivity to substrate stiffness. On the other hand, alveolar macrophages exhibit low prestress and exhibit sensitivity to substrate stiffness. Altogether, theory and experiments consistently show that adhesion site dynamics and cytoskeleton prestress control cell sensitivity to extracellular environment with an optimal sensitivity expected in the intermediate range
The “Mother of All Puzzles” at Thirty:  A Meta-Analysis

This paper provides a meta-analysis of 1651 point estimates of Feldstein and Horioka saving retention coefficient from 49 peer-reviewed papers published over three decades. We get two main results. First, correcting for publication bias, we find a consistent underlying coefficient lying  between  0.56  and  0.67  for  studies  using  the  original  paper.  Second,  heterogeneity reported in the estimates of the Feldstein and Horioka can be explained by a few main factors. In   particular,   we   find   evidence   that   the   saving   retention   coefficient   is   systematically underestimated  with  models  written  in  first  difference,  models  using  the  saving  ratio  or  the current  account  ratio  as  the  dependent  variable  instead  of  the  investment  ratio,  and  models including  indicators  of  the  public  deficit  or  indicators  of  the  country  size  as  additional explanatory variables
Zero-knowledge authentication schemes from actions on graphs, groups, or rings

International audienceWe propose a general way of constructing zero-knowledge authentication schemes from actions of a semigroup on a set, without exploiting any specific algebraic properties of the set acted upon. Then we give several concrete realizations of this general idea, and in particular, we describe several zero-knowledge authentication schemes where forgery (a.k.a. impersonation) is NP-hard. Computationally hard problems that can be employed in these realizations include (Sub)graph Isomorphism, Graph Colorability, Diophantine Problem, and many others