pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Association of PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: results from a multicenter study.

To access publisher full text version of this article. Please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field.The variable penetrance of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers suggests that other genetic or environmental factors modify breast cancer risk. Two genes of special interest are prohibitin (PHB) and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), both of which are important either directly or indirectly in maintaining genomic integrity.\ud
To evaluate the potential role of genetic variants within PHB and MTHFR in breast and ovarian cancer risk, 4102 BRCA1 and 2093 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 6211 BRCA1 and 2902 BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (CIMBA) were genotyped for the PHB 1630 C>T (rs6917) polymorphism and the MTHFR 677 C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism, respectively.\ud
There was no evidence of association between the PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with either disease for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers when breast and ovarian cancer associations were evaluated separately. Analysis that evaluated associations for breast and ovarian cancer simultaneously showed some evidence that BRCA1 mutation carriers who had the rare homozygote genotype (TT) of the PHB 1630 C>T polymorphism were at increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancer (HR 1.50, 95%CI 1.10-2.04 and HR 2.16, 95%CI 1.24-3.76, respectively). However, there was no evidence of association under a multiplicative model for the effect of each minor allele.\ud
The PHB 1630TT genotype may modify breast and ovarian cancer risks in BRCA1 mutation carriers. This association need to be evaluated in larger series of BRCA1 mutation carriers
Topological Analysis of Void Spaces in Tungstate Frameworks: Assessing Storage Properties for the Environmentally Important Guest Molecules and Ions: CO_2, UO_2, PuO_2, U, Pu, Sr^2+, Cs+, CH_4, and H_2

The identification of inorganic materials, which are able to encapsulate environmentally important small molecules or ions via host-guest interactions, is crucial for the design and development of next-generation energy sources and for storing environmental waste. Especially sought after are molecular sponges with the ability to incorporate CO2, gas pollutants, or nuclear waste materials such as UO2 and PuO2 oxides or U, Pu, Sr2+ or Cs+ ions. Porous framework structures promise very attractive prospects for applications in environmental technologies, if they are able to incorporate CH4 for biogas energy applications, or to store H2, which is important for fuel cells e.g. in the automotive industry. All of these applications should benefit from the host being resistant to extreme conditions such as heat, nuclear radiation, rapid gas expansion, or wear and tear from heavy gas cycling. As inorganic tungstates are well known for their thermal stability, and their rigid open-framework networks, the potential of Na2O-Al2O3-WO3 and Na2O-WO3 phases for such applications was evaluated. To this end, all known experimentally-determined crystal structures with the stoichiometric formula MaM’bWcOd (M = any element) are surveyed together with all corresponding theoretically calculated NaaAlbWcOd and NaxWyOz structures that are statistically likely to form. Network descriptors that categorize these host structures are used to reveal topological patterns in the hosts, including the nature of porous cages which are able to accommodate a certain type of guest; this leads to the classification of preferential structure types for a given environmental storage application. Crystal structures of two new tungstates NaAlW2O8 (1) and NaAlW3O11 (2) and one updated structure determination of Na2W2O7 (3) are also presented from in-house X-ray diffraction studies, and their potential merits for environmental applications are assessed against those of this larger data-sourced survey. Overall, results show that tungstate structures with three-nodal topologies are most frequently able to accommodate CH4 or H2, while CO2 appears to be captured by a wide range of nodal structure types. The computationally generated host structures appear systematically smaller than the experimentally determined structures. For the structures of 1 and 2, potential applications in nuclear waste storage seem feasible.J. M. C. is indebted to the Fulbright Commission for a UK-US Fulbright Scholar Award hosted by Argonne National Laboratory where work done was supported by DOE Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from ACS via http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.5b0036
Blood, thunder and showgirls : the merchant navy on the BBC, 1939 - 1945

This article examines the representation of the Merchant Navy on BBC radio in Britain during the Second World War. It discusses how this essential, but dangerous, wartime role was presented to the British public by arguably the most prevalent wartime cultural medium. It uses extensive research in the BBC’s Written Archive Centre, using both radio broadcasts and listener research, to understand how the role of the Merchant Navy was portrayed and understood during the war. This article argues that, unlike other civilian occupations, men of the Merchant Navy were presented as brave and courageous under enemy fire and therefore given access to much of the prestige generally reserved for the armed forces. Therefore, this use of an underused source prompts a reconsideration of notions of manliness and masculinity in this period which, until now, has focused on the combatant male and placed the civilian worker as diametrically opposite to this ideal
Policy for physical education and school sport in England, 2003–2010 : vested interests and dominant discourses

The salience of physical education and school sport in England changed dramatically in the 2000s in terms of central government investment and political interests. The government put in place the Physical Education and School Sport and Club Links (PESSCL) strategy and the Physical Education and Sport Strategy for Young People (PESSYP) for a wide-ranging array of social objectives. Although policy research relating to PESS has centred on the sport policy-making process and the role of government or agents including teachers has been growing from the 2000s, this paper argues for the need to explore the social construction and constitution of school knowledge underpinned and influenced by particular dominant vested interests and their associated discourses to understand certain pedagogical implications for young people. Applying the educational policy sociology approach adapted from Basil Bernstein’s work on the social construction of pedagogic discourse, the focus of this paper was to identify the main discourses which constructed and constituted policy for PESS from 2003-2010 in England. Qualitative content analysis on six policy documents and 467 media articles was conducted. This paper identifies five discourses constructing and constituting policy for PESS during the period under study: sport, health, citizenship, lifelong participation and Olympic legacy. These are sources of policy for PESS that were constructed in Bernstein’s recontextualising field. This paper also seeks to show the complexity of policies and strategies for PESS in that they are anchored in web of significations in terms of complex connections between elements of discourses. It can be argued that as a structure-in-dominance, policy for PESS reinforced competitive sport-based conceptions of physical education and, arguably, created a limited universe of possibilities, of what was thinkable, for and as PESS. This paper argues that the inclusions and exclusions of discourses from policy for PESS are all politically charged, and will have an impact on the quality of young people’s education and their life chances in the future. Furthermore, this paper proposes that we need to explore in further depth the processes of how to maximise the possibilities of realising quality PESS in order for young people to learn citizenship, foster health improvement and facilitate lifelong participation in physical activities
Towards Axion Monodromy Inflation with Warped KK-Modes

We present a particularly simple model of axion monodromy: Our axion is the
lowest-lying KK-mode of the RR-2-form-potential $C_2$ in the standard
Klebanov-Strassler throat. One can think of this inflaton candidate as being
defined by the integral of $C_2$ over the $S^2$ cycle of the throat. It obtains
an exponentially small mass from the IR-region in which the $S^2$ shrinks to
zero size both with respect to the Planck scale and the mass scale of local
modes of the throat. Crucially, the $S^2$ cycle has to be shared between two
throats, such that the second locus where the $S^2$ shrinks is also in a warped
region. Well-known problems like the potentially dangerous back-reaction of
brane/antibrane pairs and explicit supersymmetry breaking are not present in
our scenario. However, the inflaton back-reaction starts to deform the geometry
strongly once the field excursion approaches the Planck scale. We derive the
system of differential equations required to treat this effect quantitatively.
Numerical work is required to decide whether back-reaction makes the model
suitable for realistic inflation. While we have to leave this crucial issue to
future studies, we find it interesting that such a simple and explicit stringy
monodromy model allows an originally sub-Planckian axion to go through many
periods with full quantitative control before back-reaction becomes strong.
Also, the mere existence of our ultra-light throat mode (with double
exponentially suppressed mass) is noteworthy.Comment: 28 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added; v3: Corrected an
  underestimate of supergravity back-reaction in Eq. (36); results changed
  accordingly; added section 6 which develops the methodology for the 10d
  non-linear back-reaction; added reference
Turning eating psychopathology risk factors into action: the pervasive effect of body image-related cognitive fusion

Body image dissatisfaction and unfavourable social comparisons are significant risk factors to eating psychopathology. Nevertheless, the impact of these negative experiences depends on the cognitive and emotional processes involved. Previous research has shown that cognitive fusion is a nuclear process linked to psychological inflexibility, but its role on body image and eating difficulties remains unclear. This study aims to explore a model of the mediational role of body image-related cognitive fusion (CF-BI) on the relationship between body dissatisfaction, unfavourable social comparisons, and eating psychopathology in a sample of 345 female students. Results from path analyses show that the impact of unfavourable social comparisons on eating psychopathology is fully mediated by CF-BI. Moreover, CF-BI also revealed a mediational effect on the relationship between body image dissatisfaction and the severity of eating symptoms, in spite of the fact that a direct effect of body dissatisfaction still exists. The tested model highlights the crucial role that cognitive fusion, in the specific domain of body image, plays in the relationship between risk factors and the severity of disordered eating attitudes and behaviours. Furthermore, these findings present empirical support for the relevance of addressing acceptance and cognitive defusion techniques to prevent and treat eating disorders
Protein kinase C enhances human sodium channel hNav1.7 resurgent currents via a serine residue in the domain III-IV linker

Resurgent sodium currents likely play a role in modulating neuronal excitability. Here we studied whether protein kinase C (PKC) activation can increase resurgent currents produced by the human sodium channel hNav1.7. We found that a PKC agonist significantly enhanced hNav1.7-mediated resurgent currents and this was prevented by PKC antagonists. The enhancing effects were replicated by two phosphorylation-mimicking mutations and were prevented by a phosphorylation-deficient mutation at a conserved PKC phosphorylation site (Serine 1479). Our results suggest that PKC can increase sodium resurgent currents through phosphorylation of a conserved Serine residue located in the domain III-IV linker of sodium channels
Trends in perinatal health in France from 1995 to 2010. Results from the French National Perinatal Surveys.
 : 
Perinatal health between 1995 and 2010

International audienceOBJECTIVE: To study trends in the main indicators of health, medical practices and risk factors in France. POPULATION AND METHOD: We collected data from samples of all births in France during one week in 1995 (n=13318), 1998 (n=13718), 2003 (n=14737) and 2010 (n=14903) and have compared them. RESULTS: Between 1995 and 2010, maternal age and body mass index increased steadily, but tobacco use decreased. In 2010, 39.4% of pregnant women had a visit with a midwife in a maternity unit, versus 26.6% in 2003. Deliveries occurred in large public hospitals more and more frequently. The increase in caesarean sections was no longer significant between 2003 and 2010. In general, medical decisions during pregnancy and delivery were closer to professional recommendations in 2010 than in earlier years. Live births before 37 weeks increased steadily from 5.4% in 1995 to 6.6% in 2010, but the proportion of birth weights below 2500g or the 10th percentile stopped increasing after 2003. CONCLUSION: Routine national perinatal surveys highlight major trends in maternal characteristics, obstetric practices, organisation of services, and perinatal health
Mass assembly in quiescent and star-forming galaxies since z ≃ 4 from UltraVISTA

International audienceWe estimate the galaxy stellar mass function and stellar mass density for star-forming and quiescent galaxies with 0.2 < z < 4. We construct a large, deep (Ks < 24) sample of 220 000 galaxies selected using the new UltraVISTA DR1 data release. Our analysis is based on precise 30-band photometricredshifts. By comparing these photometric redshifts with 10,800 spectroscopic redshifts from the zCOSMOS bright and faint surveys, we find a precision of σΔz/(1 + z) = 0.008 at i+ < 22.5 and σΔz/(1 + z) = 0.03 at 1.5 < z < 4. We derive the stellar mass function and correct for the Eddington bias. We find a mass-dependent evolution of the global and star-forming populations, with the low-mass end of the mass functions evolving more rapidly than the high-mass end. This mass-dependent evolution is a direct consequence of the star formation being “quenched” in galaxies more massive than ℳ ≳ 1010.7 − 10.9ℳ⊙. For the mass function of the quiescent galaxies, we do not find any significant evolution of the high-mass end at z < 1; however we observe a clear flattening of the faint-end slope. From z ~ 3 to z ~ 1, the density of quiescent galaxies increases over the entire mass range. Their comoving stellar mass density increases by 1.6 dex between z ~ 3 and z ~ 1 and by less than 0.2 dex at z < 1. We infer the star formation history from the mass density evolution. This inferred star formation history is in excellent agreement with instantaneous star formation rate measurements at z < 1.5, while we find differences of 0.2 dex at z > 1.5 consistent with the expected uncertainties. We also develop a new method to infer the specific star formation rate from the mass function of star-forming galaxies. We find that the specific star formation rate of 1010 − 10.5ℳ⊙ galaxies increases continuously in the redshift range 1 < z < 4. Finally, we compare our results with a semi-analytical model and find that these models overestimate the density of low mass quiescent galaxies by an order of magnitude, while the density of low-mass star-forming galaxies is successfully reproduced
Oxidation of a chromia-forming nickel base alloy at high temperature in mixed diluted CO/H2O atmospheres

International audienceCorrosion of a chromia-forming nickel base alloy, Haynes 230_, has been investigated under impure helium containing a few Pa of CO and H2O at 900 °C. It has been found that this alloy reacts simultaneously with CO and H2O. Oxidation by CO has been revealed to occur mainly in the first hours. CO diffuses through the scale via short-circuit pathways and oxidizes Al, Cr and Si at the oxide/metal interface. Kinetics of CO oxidation has been investigated and several rate limiting steps are proposed. In the long term, H2O is the major oxidant of chromia-forming nickel base alloys in impure helium
Global vs local energy dissipation: The energy cycle of the turbulent von Kármán flow

International audienceIn this paper, we investigate the relations between global and local energy transfers in a turbulent von Kármán flow. The goal is to understand how and where energy is dissipated in such a flow and to reconstruct the energy cycle in an experimental device where local as well as global quantities can be measured. In order to do so, we use PIV measurements and we model the Reynolds stress tensor to take subgrid scales into account. This procedure involves a free parameter that is calibrated using angular momentum balance. We then estimate the local and global mean injected and dissipated power for several types of impellers, for various Reynolds numbers and for various flow topologies. These PIV-estimates are then compared with direct injected power estimates provided by torque measurements at the impellers. The agreement between PIV-estimates and direct measurements depends on the flow topology. In symmetric situations, we are able to capture up to 90% of the actual global energy dissipation rate. However, our results become increasingly inaccurate as the shear layer responsible for most of the dissipation approaches one of the impellers, and cannot be resolved by our PIV setup. Finally, we show that a very good agreement between PIV-estimates and direct measurements is obtained using a new method based on the work of Duchon and Robert [J. Duchon and R. Robert, Nonlinearity, 13, 249 (2000)] which generalizes the Kármán-Howarth equation to nonisotropic, nonhomogeneous flows. This method provides parameter-free estimates of the energy dissipation rate as long as the smallest resolved scale lies in the inertial range. These results are used to evidence a well-defined stationary energy cycle within the flow in which most of the energy is injected at the top and bottom impellers, and dissipated within the shear layer. The influence of the mean flow geometry and the Reynolds number on this energy cycle is studied for a wide range of parameters
Luminosity function from dedicated SDSS-III and MMT data   of quasars in 0.7 < z < 4.0 selected with a new approach

International audienceWe present a measurement of the quasar luminosity function in the range 0.68 < z < 4 down to extinction corrected magnitude gdered = 22.5, using a simple and well understood target selection technique based on the time-variability of quasars. The completeness of our sample was derived directly from a control sample of quasars, without requiring complex simulations of quasar light-curves or colors. A total of 1877 quasar spectra were obtained from dedicated programs on the Sloan telescope (as part of the SDSS-III/BOSS survey) and on the Multiple Mirror Telescope. They allowed us to derive the quasar luminosity function. It agrees well with results previously published in the redshift range 0.68 < z < 2.6. Our deeper data allow us to extend the measurement to z = 4. We measured quasar densities to gdered < 22.5, obtaining 30 QSO per deg2 at z < 1, 99 QSO per deg2 for 1 < z < 2.15, and 47 QSO per deg2 at z > 2.15. Using pure luminosity evolution models, we fitted our LF measurements and predicted quasar number counts as a function of redshift and observed magnitude. These predictions are useful inputs for future cosmology surveys such as those relying on the observation of quasars to measure baryon acoustic oscillations
Changes in sputum composition during 15 min of sputum induction in healthy subjects and patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

INTRODUCTION:\ud
The use of sputum induction by inhalation of hypertonic saline to study the cellular and biochemical composition of the airways allows noninvasive sampling of the airways content and identification of markers of airways inflammation.\ud
OBJECTIVE:\ud
The present study aimed to identify possible changes in the cellular composition of induced sputum between samples obtained sequentially (three periods of 5 min each) during one sputum induction. Moreover, difference between these samples and the mixed one (mixture of samples obtained after 5, 10 and 15 min of induction) was investigated.\ud
METHODS:\ud
Forty-six subjects (10 healthy volunteers, 12 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 24 patients with asthma) (mean age 53.0+/-14.0 yr, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV(1)) 71.8+/-19.0% pred) produced sputum after three consecutive 5 min periods of hypertonic (4.5%) saline inhalation. Stained cytospins from the three periods separately and from the mixed sample were produced and analyzed.\ud
RESULTS:\ud
The mean percentage of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and epithelial cells did not change significantly in samples obtained consecutively after 5, 10 and 15 min of the induction procedure. There was no significant difference in the cellular composition of samples obtained after 5, 10 and 15 min of induction and the cellular composition of the mixed sample (P=0.06).\ud
CONCLUSION:\ud
The separate analysis of induced sputum from three consecutive sampling and the mixed sample did not demonstrate significant changes in their cellular composition. Fifteen minutes induction procedure with the fixed concentration of hypertonic saline and processing of the mixed sample can be recommended for clinical settings and clinical trials
Charged-particle distributions in √s=13 TeV pp interactions measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Charged-particle distributions are measured in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, using a data sample of nearly 9 million events, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 170 μb−1, recorded by the ATLAS detector during a special Large Hadron Collider fill. The charged-particle multiplicity, its dependence on transverse momentum and pseudorapidity and the dependence of the mean transverse momentum on the charged-particle multiplicity are presented. The measurements are performed with charged particles with transverse momentum greater than 500 MeV and absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.5, in events with at least one charged particle satisfying these kinematic requirements. Additional measurements in a reduced phase space with absolute pseudorapidity less than 0.8 are also presented, in order to compare with other experiments. The results are corrected for detector effects, presented as particle-level distributions and are compared to the predictions of various Monte Carlo event generators
Search for TeV-scale gravity signatures in final states with leptons and jets with the ATLAS detector at √(s)=7 TeV

The production of events with multiple high transverse momentum particles including charged leptons and jets is measured, using 1.04 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector during the first half of 2011 at root s = 7 TeV. No excess beyond Standard Model expectations is observed, and upper limits on the fiducial cross sections for non-Standard Model production of these final states are set. Using models for string ball and black hole production and decay, exclusion contours are determined as a function of mass threshold and the fundamental gravity scale