pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey: III. A constraint on dust grain
  lifetime in early-type galaxies

Passive early-type galaxies (ETGs) provide an ideal laboratory for studying
the interplay between dust formation around evolved stars and its subsequent
destruction in a hot gas. Using Spitzer-IRS and Herschel data we compare the
dust production rate in the envelopes of evolved AGB stars with a constraint on
the total dust mass. Early-type galaxies which appear to be truly passively
evolving are not detected by Herschel. We thus derive a distance independent
upper limit to the dust grain survival time in the hostile environment of ETGs
of < 46 +/- 25 Myr for amorphous silicate grains. This implies that ETGs which
are detected at far-infrared wavelengths have acquired a cool dusty medium via
interaction. Given likely time-scales for ram-pressure stripping, this also
implies that only galaxies with dust in a cool (atomic) medium can release dust
into the intra-cluster medium.Comment: Letter accepted for publication in A&A (Herschel special issue
Thermodynamics of a 4-site Hubbard model by analytical diagonalization

By use of the conservation laws a four-site Hubbard model coupled to a
particle bath within an external magnetic field in z-direction was
diagonalized. The analytical dependence of both the eigenvalues and the
eigenstates on the interaction strength, the chemical potential and magnetic
field was calculated. It is demonstrated that the low temperature behaviour is
determined by a delicate interplay between many-particle states differing in
electron number and spin if the electron density is away from half-filling. The
grand partition sum is calculated and the specific heat, the suszeptibility as
well as various correlation functions and spectral functions are given in
dependence of the interaction strength, the electron occupation and the applied
magnetic field. Furthermore, for both the grand canonical and the canonical
ensemble the so called crossing points of the suszeptibility are calculated.
They confirm the universal value predicted by Vollhardt [1].Comment: 42 pages, including 9 tables and 22 figures, RevTeX 3.
Decoherence effects on the generation of exciton entangled states in
  coupled quantum dots

We report on exciton-acoustic-phonon coupling effects on the generation of
exciton maximally entangled states in N=2 and 3 quantum dot systems. In
particular, we address the question of the combined effect of laser pulses,
appropriate for generating Bell and Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger entangled
states, together with decoherence mechanisms as provided by a phonon reservoir.
By solving numerically the master equation for the optically driven
exciton-phonon kinetics, we show that the generation of maximally entangled
exciton states is preserved over a reasonable parameter window.Comment: Work presented at the Sixth International conference on the Optics of
  Excitons in Confined Systems, Ascona, Switzerland Aug. 30-Sept. 2, 199
Massive complex scalar field in the Kerr-Sen geometry: Exact solution of
  wave equation and Hawking radiation

The separated radial part of a massive complex scalar wave equation in the
Kerr- Sen geometry is shown to satisfy the generalized spheroidal wave equation
which is, in fact, a confluent Heun equation up to a multiplier. The Hawking
evaporation of scalar particles in the Kerr-Sen black hole background is
investigated by the Damour-Ruffini-Sannan method. It is shown that quantum
thermal effect of the Kerr-Sen black hole has the same character as that of the
Kerr-Newman black hole.Comment: Revtex, 5 pages, no figure. A simplified version of gr-qc/010703
Measurement of |V_ub| near the endpoint of the electron momentum
  spectrum from semileptonic B-meson decays

We report measurements of partial branching fractions of inclusive charmless
semileptonic $B$-meson decays at the endpoint of the electron momentum
spectrum. The measurements are made in six overlapping momentum intervals that
have lower bounds ranging from 1.9 GeV/$c$ to 2.4 GeV/$c$ and a common upper
bound of 2.6 GeV/$c$, as measured in the centre of mass frame. The results are
based on a sample of 29 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs, accumulated by the Belle
detector at the KEKB asymmetric $e^+e^-$ collider operating on the
$\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance. In the momentum interval ranging from 1.9 GeV/$c$ to
2.6 GeV/$c$ we measure the partial branching fraction $\Delta \mathcal{B}(B\to
X_u e \nu_e)=(8.47 \pm 0.37 \pm 1.53)\times 10^{-4}$, where the first error is
statistical and the second is systematic. A prediction of the partial rate
$R=(21.69 \pm 3.62^{+ 2.18}_{- 1.98}) |V_{ub}|^2 \mathrm{ps}^{-1}$ in this
momentum interval based on theory is calculated with input HQET parameters that
have been derived from Belle's measurement of the $B\to X_s\gamma$ photon
energy spectrum, where the first error is due to the uncertainty on HQET
parameters and the second error is from theory. Using both $\Delta
\mathcal{B}(B\to X_u e \nu_e)$ and $R$ we find $|V_{ub}|=(5.08 \pm 0.47 \pm
0.42^{+ 0.26}_{- 0.23})\times 10^{-3}$, where the first error is from the
partial branching fraction, and the second and third errors are from
uncertainties in $R$.Comment: 22 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables and to appear in Physics Letters
Phases of QCD with nonvanishing isopin density

The propagation of low-momentum baryons through QCD matter at low isospin
density is studied using chiral perturbation theory. When the isospin chemical
potential exceeds a critical value, the dispersion relation for the lowest
nucleon mode becomes anomalous near zero momentum---increasing momentum yields
decreasing energy---so that the momentum for the lowest energy state, p_min,
becomes nonzero. This can be interpreted as a new phase of QCD, with p_min
serving as the order parameter and the kinetic mass (defined as the inverse of
the second derivative of the energy with respect to the momentum at p_min)
serving as the susceptibility. A lowest-order chiral-perturbation-theory
calculation yields a critical isospin chemical potential of 285 MeV. Since this
is small compared to the chiral-symmetry-breaking scale, corrections to it are
likely to be modest.Comment: 6 pages, 3 eps figures, comment added on leading chiral correction
NNLO global parton analysis

We perform a NNLO (and a LO) global parton analysis in which we include the
new precise data for deep inelastic scattering from HERA and for inclusive jet
production at the Tevatron, together with the improved knowledge of the
three-loop splitting functions. The results are compared with our recent NLO
analyses. The LO fit produces significantly worse results in general, but gives
a surprisingly good fit to the Tevatron high-E_T jet data. For the approximate
NNLO analysis we notice a slight improvement in the quality of the global fit,
and find that the partons are changed by up to 10% at Q^2=10 GeV^2$, in
particular in the x<0.01 regime.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures. FORTRAN code for parton sets can be found at
  http://durpdg.dur.ac.uk/hepdata/mr
Testing the Nature of the D_{sJ}^*(2317)^+ and D_{sJ}(2463)^+ States
  Using Radiative Transitions

The Babar and CLEO collaborations have recently observed states decaying to
D_s^+\pi^0 and D_s^{*+}\pi^0 respectively and suggest the possible explanation
that they are the missing P-wave c\bar{s} states with J^P=0^+ and 1^+. In this
note we compare the properties of the D_{sJ}^*(2317)^+ and D_{sJ}(2463)^+
states to those expected of the c\bar{s} D_{s0}^* and D_{s1} states. We expect
the D_{s0}^* and D_{s1} with the reported masses to be extremely narrow, \Gamma
\sim {\cal O}(10\hbox{keV}), with large branching ratios to D^*_s\gamma for the
D_{s0}^* and to D^*_s\gamma and D_s\gamma for the D_{s1}. Crucial to this
interpretation of the Babar and CLEO observations is the measurement of the
radiative transitions. We note that it may be possible to observe the
$D_{s1}(2536)$ in radiative transitions to the $D_s^*$.Comment: Major revisions to include recent observation by CLEO of
  D_{sJ}(2463)^+ including change of title and additional radiative transitions
  included in results. Conclusions are not change
Scaling properties of high p_T inclusive hadron production

We analyze the scaling properties of inclusive hadron production in
proton-proton and in heavy ion collisions from fixed target to collider
energies. At large transverse momentum p_T, the invariant cross section
exhibits a power-like behavior Ed^3\sigma/d^3p\propto p_T^{-n} at fixed
transverse x, x_T=2p_T/\sqrt{s}, and fixed center-of-mass scattering angle
\theta_{cm}. Knowledge of the exponent n allows one to draw conclusions about
the production mechanisms of hadrons, which are poorly known, even at high p_T.
We find that high-p_T hadrons are produced by different mechanisms at
fixed-target and collider energies. For pions, higher-twist subprocesses where
the pion is produced directly dominate at fixed target energy, while
leading-twist partonic scattering plus fragmentation is the most important
mechanism at collider energies. High-p_T baryons on the other hand appear to be
produced by higher-twist mechanisms at all available energies. The higher-twist
mechanism of direct proton production can be verified experimentally by testing
whether high p_T protons are produced as single hadrons without accompanying
secondaries. In addition, we find that medium-induced gluon radiation in heavy
ion collisions can violate scaling.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
Quantum cluster algebra structures on quantum nilpotent algebras

All algebras in a very large, axiomatically defined class of quantum
nilpotent algebras are proved to possess quantum cluster algebra structures
under mild conditions. Furthermore, it is shown that these quantum cluster
algebras always equal the corresponding upper quantum cluster algebras.
Previous approaches to these problems for the construction of (quantum) cluster
algebra structures on (quantized) coordinate rings arising in Lie theory were
done on a case by case basis relying on the combinatorics of each concrete
family. The results of the paper have a broad range of applications to these
problems, including the construction of quantum cluster algebra structures on
quantum unipotent groups and quantum double Bruhat cells (the
Berenstein-Zelevinsky conjecture), and treat these problems from a unified
perspective. All such applications also establish equality between the
constructed quantum cluster algebras and their upper counterparts. The proofs
rely on Chatters' notion of noncommutative unique factorization domains. Toric
frames are constructed by considering sequences of homogeneous prime elements
of chains of noncommutative UFDs (a generalization of the construction of
Gelfand-Tsetlin subalgebras) and mutations are obtained by altering chains of
noncommutative UFDs. Along the way, an intricate (and unified) combinatorial
model for the homogeneous prime elements in chains of noncommutative UFDs and
their alterations is developed. When applied to special families, this recovers
the combinatorics of Weyl groups and double Weyl groups previously used in the
construction and categorification of cluster algebras. It is expected that this
combinatorial model of sequences of homogeneous prime elements will have
applications to the unified categorification of quantum nilpotent algebras.Comment: Final version; accepted for Memoirs Amer. Math. Soc. Minor
  corrections; running example added; references updated; index added (requires
  MakeIndex and additional LaTeX runs
A search for inverse magnetic catalysis in thermal quark-meson models

We explore the parameter space of the two-flavor thermal quark-meson model
and its Polyakov loop-extended version under the influence of a constant
external magnetic field $B$. We investigate the behavior of the pseudo critical
temperature for chiral symmetry breaking taking into account the likely
dependence of two parameters on the magnetic field: the Yukawa quark-meson
coupling and the parameter $T_0$ of the Polyakov loop potential. Under the
constraints that magnetic catalysis is realized at zero temperature and the
chiral transition at $B=0$ is a crossover, we find that the quark-meson model
leads to thermal magnetic catalysis for the whole allowed parameter space, in
contrast to the present picture stemming from lattice QCD.Comment: 8 pages, 5figure
The Krzy\.{z} conjecture revisited

The Krzy\.z conjecture concerns the largest values of the Taylor coefficients
of a non-vanishing analytic function bounded by one in modulus in the unit
disk. It has been open since 1968 even though information on the structure of
extremal functions is available. The purpose of this paper is to collect
various conditions that the coefficients of an extremal function (and various
other quantities associated with it) should satisfy if the conjecture is true
and to show that each one of these properties is equivalent to the conjecture
itself. This may provide several possible starting points for future attempts
at solving the problem.Comment: Condition (d) in the main Theorem of version 1 of this paper was
  erroneous. This has been corrected in the subsequent versions v2 and v3.
  Also, a proof of one implication in the Main Theorem has now been made
  shorter with respect to v
Super-Liouville - Double Liouville correspondence

The AGT motivated relation between the tensor product of the N = 1
super-Liouville field theory with the imaginary free fermion (SL) and a certain
projected tensor product of the real and the imaginary Liouville field theories
(LL) is analyzed. Using conformal field theory techniques we give a complete
proof of the equivalence in the NS sector. It is shown that the SL-LL
correspondence is based on the equivalence of chiral objects including suitably
chosen chiral structure constants of all the three Liouville theories involved.Comment: The Introduction expanded, main points of the paper clarified.
  Misprints corrected and references added. Published in JHE
Perturbative QCD study of $B_s$ decays to a pseudoscalar meson and a
  tensor meson

We study two-body hadronic $B_s\to PT$ decays, with $P (T)$ being a light
pseudoscalar (tensor) meson, in the perturbative QCD approach. The CP-averaged
branching ratios and the direct CP asymmetries of the $\Delta S=0$ modes are
predicted, where $\Delta S$ is the difference between the strange numbers of
final and initial states. We also define and calculate experimental observables
for the $\Delta S=1$ modes under the $B_s^0-\bar{B}_s^0$ mixing, including CP
averaged branching ratios, time-integrated CP asymmetries, and the CP
observables $C_{f}$, $D_{f}$ and $S_{f}$. Results are compared to the $B_s\to
PV$ ones in the literature, and to the $B\to PT$ ones, which indicate
considerable U-spin symmetry breaking. Our work provides theoretical
predictions for the $B_s\to PT$ decays for the first time, some of which will
be potentially measurable at future experiments.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur
Constitutive relations and response parameters in two dimensional
  hydrodynamics with gauge and gravitational anomalies

We obtain the constitutive relations for the stress tensor and gauge current
in $(1+1)$ dimensional hydrodynamics in the presence of both gauge and
gravitational (conformal as well as diffeomorphism) anomalies. The relations
between response parameters and anomaly coefficients are also found. The role
of the Israel-Hartle-Hawking vacuum is emphasized. Finally, in the absence of
gauge fields, earlier results obtained by a hydrodynamic expansion are
reproduced.Comment: latex, 7 pages, no figures; minor changes, to appear in Phys. Lett.
Anisotropic Landau-Lifshitz sigma models from q-deformed AdS_5 x S^5
  superstrings

We consider bosonic subsectors of the q-deformed AdS_5 x S^5 superstring
action and study the classical integrable structure of anisotropic
Landau-Lifshitz sigma models (LLSMs) derived by taking fast-moving limits. The
subsectors are 1) deformed AdS_3 x S^1 and 2) R x deformed S^3. The cases 1)
and 2) lead to a time-like warped SL(2) LLSM and a squashed S^3 LLSM,
respectively. For each of them, we construct an infinite number of non-local
conserved charges and show a quantum affine algebra at the classical level.
Furthermore, a pp-wave like limit is applied for the case 1). The resulting
system is a null-like warped SL(2) LLSM and exhibits a couple of Yangians
through non-local gauge transformations associated with Jordanian twists.Comment: 38 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected, minor comments and references
  adde
A simulated τCDM cosmology cluster catalogue: the NFW profile and the temperature-mass scaling relations

We have extracted over 400 clusters, covering more than two decades in mass, from three simulations of the τCDM cosmology. This represents the largest uniform catalogue of simulated clusters ever produced. The clusters exhibit a wide variety of density profiles. Only a minority are well-fitted in their outer regions by the widely used density profile of Navarro, Frenk & White (NFW), which is applicable to relaxed haloes. Others have steeper outer density profiles, show sharp breaks in their density profiles, or have significant substructure. If we force a fit to the NFW profile, then the best-fitting concentrations decline with increasing mass, but this is driven primarily by an increase in substructure as one moves to higher masses. The temperature–mass relations for properties measured within a sphere enclosing a fixed overdensity all follow the self-similar form, T∝M2/3; however, the normalization is lower than the value inferred for observed clusters. The temperature–mass relations for properties measured within a fixed physical radius are significantly steeper then this. Both can be accurately predicted using the NFW model
RG flows from (1,0) 6D SCFTs to N=1 SCFTs in four and three dimensions

We study $AdS_5\times \Sigma_2$ and $AdS_4\times \Sigma_3$ solutions of
$N=2$, $SO(4)$ gauged supergravity in seven dimensions with $\Sigma_{2,3}$
being $S^{2,3}$ or $H^{2,3}$. The $SO(4)$ gauged supergravity is obtained from
coupling three vector multiplets to the pure $N=2$, $SU(2)$ gauged
supergravity. With a topological mass term for the 3-form field, the $SO(4)\sim
SU(2)\times SU(2)$ gauged supergravity admits two supersymmetric $AdS_7$
critical points, with $SO(4)$ and $SO(3)$ symmetries, provided that the two
$SU(2)$ gauge couplings are different. These vacua correspond to $N=(1,0)$
superconformal field theories (SCFTs) in six dimensions. In the case of
$\Sigma_2$, we find a class of $AdS_5\times S^2$ and $AdS_5\times H^2$
solutions preserving eight supercharges and $SO(2)\times SO(2)$ symmetry, but
only $AdS_5\times H^2$ solutions exist for $SO(2)$ symmetry. These should
correspond to some $N=1$ four-dimensional SCFTs. We also give RG flow solutions
from the $N=(1,0)$ SCFTs in six dimensions to these four-dimensional fixed
points including a two-step flow from the $SO(4)$ $N=(1,0)$ SCFT to the $SO(3)$
$N=(1,0)$ SCFT that eventually flows to the $N=1$ SCFT in four dimensions. For
$AdS_4\times\Sigma_3$, we find a class of $AdS_4\times S^3$ and $AdS_4\times
H^3$ solutions with four supercharges, corresponding to $N=1$ SCFTs in three
dimensions. When the two $SU(2)$ gauge couplings are equal, only $AdS_4\times
H^3$ are possible. The uplifted solutions for equal $SU(2)$ gauge couplings to
eleven dimensions are also given.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures, references added, some results refined, typos
  and errors correcte
Experimental constraints on the $\gamma$-ray strength function in
  $^{90}$Zr using partial cross sections of the $^{89}$Y(p,$\gamma$)$^{90}$Zr
  reaction

Partial cross sections of the $^{89}$Y(p,$\gamma$)$^{90}$Zr reaction have
been measured to investigate the $\gamma$-ray strength function in the
neutron-magic nucleus $^{90}$Zr. For five proton energies between $E_p=3.65$
MeV and $E_p=4.70$ MeV, partial cross sections for the population of seven
discrete states in $^{90}$Zr have been determined by means of in-beam
$\gamma$-ray spectroscopy. Since these $\gamma$-ray transitions are dominantly
of $E1$ character, the present measurement allows an access to the low-lying
dipole strength in $^{90}$Zr. A $\gamma$-ray strength function based on the
experimental data could be extracted, which is used to describe the total and
partial cross sections of this reaction by Hauser-Feshbach calculations
successfully. Significant differences with respect to previously measured
strength functions from photoabsorption data point towards deviations from the
Brink-Axel hypothesis relating the photo-excitation and de-excitation strength
functions.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Galactic center GeV gamma-ray excess from dark matter with gauged lepton
  numbers

The recently observed excess in gamma-ray signal near the Galactic center
suggests that dark matter particles may annihilate into charged fermions that
produce gamma-ray to be observed. In this paper, we consider a leptonic dark
matter, which annihilates into the standard model leptons, $\mu^+ \mu^-$ and
$\tau^+ \tau^-$, by the interaction of the gauged lepton number ${\rm
U(1)}_{L_\mu-L_\tau}$ and fits the observed excess. Interestingly, the
necessary annihilation cross section for the observed gamma-ray flux provides a
good fit to the value for the relic abundance of dark matter. We identify the
preferred parameter space of the model after taking the existing experimental
constraints from the precision measurements including the muon $(g-2)$, tau
decay, neutrino trident production, dark matter direct detection, LHC, and LEP
experiments.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, references added, matches published versio
Cosmology from quantum potential in brane-anti-brane system

Recently, some authors removed the big-bang singularity and predicted an
infinite age of our universe. In this paper, we show that the same result can
be obtained in string theory and M-theory; however, the shape of universe
changes in different epochs. In our mechanism, first, N fundamental string
decay to N D0-anti-D0-brane. Then, D0-branes join to each other, grow and and
form a six-dimensional brane-antibrane system. This system is unstable, broken
and present form of four dimensional universes , one anti-universe in
additional to one wormhole are produced. Thus, there isn't any big-bang in
cosmology and universe is a fundamental string at the beginning. Also, total
age of universe contains two parts, one in related to initial age and second
which is corresponded to present age of universe
($t_{tot}=t_{initial}+t_{present}$). On the other hand, initial age of universe
includes two parts, the age of fundamental string and time of transition
($t_{initial}=t_{transition}+t_{f-string}$). We observe that only in the case
of ($t_{f-string}\rightarrow \infty$), the scale factor of universe is zero and
as a result, total age of universe is infinity.Comment: 12 pages, published in Phys.Lett.
The Continuous Tower of Scalar Fields as a System of Interacting Dark
  Matter -- Dark Energy

This paper aims to introduce a new parameterisation for the coupling Q in
interacting dark matter and dark energy models by connecting said models with
the Continuous Tower of Scalar Fields model. Based upon the existence of a dark
matter and a dark energy sectors in the Continuous Tower of Scalar Fields, a
simplification is considered for the evolution of a single scalar field from
the tower, validated in this paper. This allows for the results obtained with
the Continuous Tower of Scalar Fields model to match those of an interacting
dark matter - dark energy system, considering that the energy transferred from
one fluid to the other is given by the energy of the scalar fields that start
oscillating at a given time, rather than considering that the energy
transference depends on properties of the whole fluids that are interacting.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure