pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Evolution of the differential transverse momentum correlation function with centrality in Au+Au collisions at √sNN = 200 GeV

We present first measurements of the evolution of the differential transverse momentum correlation function, C, with collision centrality in Au. +. Au interactions at √sNN=200 GeV. This observable exhibits a strong dependence on collision centrality that is qualitatively similar to that of number correlations previously reported. We use the observed longitudinal broadening of the near-side peak of C with increasing centrality to estimate the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density, η/s, of the matter formed in central Au. +. Au interactions. We obtain an upper limit estimate of η/s that suggests that the produced medium has a small viscosity per unit entropy. Keywords: Azimuthal correlations, QGP, Heavy ion collisionsUnited States. Department of Energy. Office of Nuclear PhysicsUnited States. Department of Energy. High Energy Physics DivisionNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio
Measurement of the production cross section of three isolated photons in ppcollisions at √s=8TeV using the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the production of three isolated photons in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy √s=8TeV is reported. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 20.2fb−1collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The differential cross sections are measured as functions of the transverse energy of each photon, the difference in azimuthal angle and in pseudorapidity between pairs of photons, the invariant mass of pairs of photons, and the invariant mass of the triphoton system. A measurement of the inclusive fiducial cross section is also reported. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD predictions are compared to the cross-section measurements. The predictions underestimate the measurement of the inclusive fiducial cross section and the differential measurements at low photon transverse energies and invariant masses. They provide adequate descriptions of the measurements at high values of the photon transverse energies, invariant mass of pairs of photons, and invariant mass of the triphoton system
Beurling-Landau densities of weighted Fekete sets and correlation kernel estimates

Let $Q$ be a suitable real function on $C$. An $n$-Fekete set corresponding to $Q$ is a subset ${Z_{n1}},\dotsb, Z_{nn}}$ of $C$ which maximizes the expression $\Pi^n_i_{<j}|Z_{ni} - Z_{nj}|^2 e^-^{n(Q(Z_n_1)+\dotsb+Q(Z_{nn}))}$. It is well known that, under reasonable conditions on $Q$, there is a compact set $S$ known as the 'droplet' such that the measures $\mu_n n^{-1} (\delta_{zn1}+\dots+\delta_{znn})$ converges to the equilibrium measure $\Delta Q.1 _S$d$A$ as $n \rightarrow \infty$. In this note we prove that Fekete sets are, in a sense, maximally spread out with respect to the equilibrium measure. In general, our results apply only to a part of the Fekete set, which is at a certain distance away from the boundary of the droplet. However, for the potential $Q=|Z|^2$ we obtain results which hold globally, and we conjecture that such global results are true for a wide range of potentials
Evaluating summarised radionuclide concentration ratio datasets for wildlife\ud

Concentration ratios (CRwo-media) are used in most radioecological models to predict\ud
radionuclide activity concentrations in wildlife from those in environmental media. This simplistic\ud
approach amalgamates the various factors influencing transfer within a single generic value and, as a\ud
result, comparisons of model predictions with site-specific measurements can vary by orders of\ud
magnitude. To improve model predictions, the development of 'condition-specific' CRwo-media values\ud
has been proposed (e.g. for a specific habitat). However, the underlying datasets for most CRwo-media\ud
value databases, such as the wildlife transfer database (WTD) developed within the IAEA EMRAS II\ud
programme, include summarised data. This presents challenges for the calculation and subsequent\ud
statistical evaluation of condition-specific CRwo-media values. A further complication is the common\ud
use of arithmetic summary statistics to summarise data in source references, even though CRwo-media\ud
values generally tend towards a lognormal distribution and should be summarised using geometric\ud
statistics. In this paper, we propose a statistically-defensible and robust method for reconstructing\ud
underlying datasets to calculate condition-specific CRwo-media values from summarised data and\ud
deriving appropriate summary statistics. This method is applied to terrestrial datasets from the WTD.\ud
Statistically significant differences in sub-category CRwo-media values were identified, which may\ud
justify the use of these CRwo-media values for specific assessment contexts. However, biases and\ud
limitations within the underlying datasets of the WTD explain some of these differences. Given the\ud
uncertainty in the summarised CRwo-media values, we suggest that the CRwo-media approach to\ud
estimating transfer is used with caution above screening-level assessments
Clinical outcome 10 years after attempted percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in 856 patients.

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: This study reports the 10-year outcome of 856 consecutive patients who underwent attempted coronary angioplasty at the Thoraxcenter during the years 1980 to 1985.

BACKGROUND: Coronary balloon angioplasty was first performed in 1977, and this procedure was introduced into clinical practice at the Thoraxcenter in 1980. Although advances have been made, extending our knowledge of the long-term outcome in terms of survival and major cardiac events remains of interest and a valuable guide in the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease.

METHODS: Details of survival, cardiac events, symptoms and medication were retrospectively obtained from the Dutch civil registry, medical records or by letter or telephone or from the patient's physician and entered into a dedicated data base. Patient survival curves were constructed, and factors influencing survival and cardiac events were identified.

RESULTS: The procedural clinical success rate was 82%. Follow-up information was obtained in 837 patients (97.8%). Six hundred forty-one patients (77%) were alive, of whom 334 (53%) were symptom free, and 254 (40%) were taking no antianginal medication. The overall 5- and 10-year survival rates were 90% (95% confidence interval [CI] 87.6% to 92.4%) and 78% (95% CI 75.0% to 81.0%), respectively, and the respective freedom from significant cardiac events (death, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass surgery and repeat angioplasty) was 57% (95% CI 53.4% to 60.6%) and 36% (95% CI 32.4% to 39.6%). Factors that were found to adversely influence 10-year survival were age > or = 60 years (> or = 60 years [67%], 50 to 59 years [82%], < 50 years [88%]), multivessel disease (multivessel disease [69%], single-vessel disease [82%]), impaired left ventricular function (ejection fraction < 50% [57%], > or = 50% [80%]) and a history of previous myocardial infarction (previous myocardial infarction [72%], no previous infarction [83%]). These factors were also found to be independent predictors of death during the follow-up period by a multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis. Other factors tested, with no influence on survival, were gender, procedural success and stability of angina at the time of intervention.

CONCLUSIONS: The long-term prognosis of patients after coronary angioplasty is good, particularly in those <60 years old with single-vessel disease and normal left ventricular function. The majority of patients are likely to experience a further cardiac event in the 10 years after their first angioplasty procedure
Light 1-+ exotics: molecular resonances

Highlights in the search for nonconventional (non qqbar) meson states are the
pi_1(1400) and pi_1(1600) exotic candidates. Should they exist, mounting
theoretical arguments suggest that they are tetraquark molecular resonances
excitable by meson rescattering.
  We report a new tetraquark calculation within a model field theory
approximation to Quantum Chromodynamics in the Coulomb gauge supporting this
conjecture. We also strengthen this claim by consistently contrasting results
with exotic state predictions for hybrid (q qbar g) mesons within the same
theoretical framework.
  Our findings confirm that molecular-like configurations involving two color
singlets (a resonance, not a bound state) are clearly favored over hybrid or
color-exotic tetraquark meson (q qbar q qbar atoms) formation.
  Finally, to assist needed further experimental searches we document a useful
off-plane correlator for establishing the structure of these exotic systems
along with similar, but anticipated much narrower, states that should exist in
the charmonium and bottomonium spectra.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure
Search for a Higgs boson decaying into a b-quark pair and produced in association with b quarks in proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV

A search for a neutral Higgs boson decaying to a pair of b quarks, and produced in association with at least one additional b quark, is presented. Multijet final states with three jets identified as originating from b quarks, at least one of which may include a non-isolated muon, are studied. The data used in this analysis correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.7–4.8 fb collected by the CMS experiment in proton–proton collisions at the LHC at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. This search is particularly sensitive to Higgs bosons in scenarios of the Minimal Supersymmetric Model (MSSM) with large values of tanβ. No excess over the predicted background from standard model processes is observed. Stringent upper limits on cross section times branching fraction are derived and interpreted as bounds in the MSSM tanβ and mA parameter-space. Observed 95% confidence level upper limits reach as low as tanβ ≈ 18 for MA ≈ 100 GeV
X-ray observations of ultraluminous X-ray sources.

Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are amongst the most intriguing of X-ray source classes. Their extreme luminosities—greater than 1039 erg s−1 in the 0.3–10 keV band alone—suggest either the presence of black holes larger than those regularly encountered in our own Galaxy (the Galactic centre excepted), or sources apparently radiating well above the Eddington limit. We review the insights afforded us by studies of their X-ray emission, focussing on what this reveals about the underlying compact object. In particular, we discuss recent deep observations of ULXs by the XMM-Newton observatory, and how the unprecedented data quality provided by this mission is starting to discriminate between the different physical models for these extraordinary X-ray emitters
Aspects of the UV/IR correspondence : energy broadening and string
  fluctuations

We show that a source which radiates in the vacuum of the strongly coupled
N=4 SYM theory produces an energy distribution which, in the supergravity
approximation, has the same space-time pattern as the corresponding classical
distribution: the radiation propagates at the speed of light without
broadening. We illustrate this on the basis of several examples: a small
perturbation propagating down a steady string, a massless particle falling into
AdS_5, and the decay of a time-like wave-packet. A similar observation was made
in Phys. Rev. D81 (2010) 126001 for the case of a rotating string. In all these
cases, the absence of broadening is related to the fact that the energy
backreaction on the boundary arises exclusively from the bulk perturbation at,
or near, the boundary. This is so since bulk sources which propagate in AdS_5
at the speed of light do not generate any energy on the boundary. We interpret
these features as an artifact of the supergravity approximation, which fails to
encode quantum mechanical fluctuations that should be present even in the
strong coupling limit. We argue that such fluctuations should enter the dual
string theory as longitudinal string fluctuations, which are not suppressed at
strong coupling. We heuristically estimate the effects of such fluctuations and
argue that they restore the broadening of the radiation, in agreement with
expectations from both quantum mechanics and the ultraviolet/infrared
correspondence.Comment: 47 page
XMM-Newton observation of PSR B2224+65 and its jet

We have investigated the pulsar PSR B2224+65 and its X-ray jet with
XMM-Newton. Apart from the long X-ray jet which is almost perpendicular to the
direction of proper motion, a putative extended feature at the pulsar position,
which oriented in the opposite direction of the proper motion, is also
suggested by this deep X-ray imaging. Non-detection of any coherent X-ray
pulsation disfavors the magnetospheric origin of the X-rays observed from the
position of PSR B2224+65 and hence suggest that the interpretation of pulsar
wind nebula is more viable. We have also probed the origin of PSR B2224+65 and
identified a runaway star, which possibly originated from the Cygnus OB9
association, as a candidate for the former binary companion of the neutron
star's progenitor.Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Ap
Characterization of the anticipated synchronization regime in the
  coupled FitzHugh--Nagumo model for neurons

We characterize numerically the regime of anticipated synchronization in the
coupled FitzHugh-Nagumo model for neurons. We consider two neurons, coupled
unidirectionally (in a master-slave configuration), subject to the same random
external forcing and with a recurrent inhibitory delayed connection in the
slave neuron. We show that the scheme leads to anticipated synchronization, a
regime in which the slave neuron fires the same train of pulses as the master
neuron, but earlier in time. We characterize the synchronization in the
parameter space (coupling strength, anticipation time) and introduce several
quantities to measure the degree of synchronization.Comment: 8 pages. Proceedings of the conference on "Stochastic Systems: From
  Randomness to"Complexit
Tunnelling of topological line defects in strongly coupled superfluids

The geometric theory of vortex tunnelling in superfluid liquids is developed.
Geometry rules the tunnelling process in the approximation of an incompressible
superfluid, which yields the identity of phase and configuration space in the
vortex collective co-ordinate. To exemplify the implications of this approach
to tunnelling, we solve explicitly for the two-dimensional motion of a point
vortex in the presence of an ellipse, showing that the hydrodynamic collective
co-ordinate description limits the constant energy paths allowed for the vortex
in configuration space. We outline the experimental procedure used in helium II
to observe tunnelling events, and compare the conclusions we draw to the
experimental results obtained so far. Tunnelling in Fermi superfluids is
discussed, where it is assumed that the low energy quasiparticle excitations
localised in the vortex core govern the vortex dynamical equations. The
tunnelling process can be dominated by Hall or dissipative terms, respectively
be under the influence of both, with a possible realization of this last
intermediate case in unconventional, high-temperature superconductors.Comment: 51 pages, 15 figures, uses Ann. Phys. (Leipzig) style file; forms
  part of author's dissertation, available at
  http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/cond-mat/9909166v
Neutrino induced hard exclusive D_s production

Motivated by the possibility to use high intensity neutrino beams for
neutrino-nucleon scattering experiments we analyze charged current induced
exclusive meson production within the framework of generalized parton
distributions. The cross section for hard exclusive D_s production is estimated
in this formalism to leading order in QCD. The integrated cross section proves
to be sizable. It is shown that the considered process is well suited to
provide novel information on the gluon structure of nucleons, which is
contained in the generalized gluon parton distribution.Comment: 7 pages; modified plots in Fig. 3; accepted for publication in Phys.
  Lett.
Interference of Conversion and Bremsstrahlung Amplitudes in the Decay
  K_L -> mu^+ mu^- gamma

In the region of large mu^+ mu^- invariant mass, the decay spectrum of K_L ->
mu^+ mu^- gamma deviates from the Dalitz pair spectrum, as a result of
interference between conversion (K_L -> gamma^* gamma -> mu^+ mu^- gamma) and
bremsstrahlung amplitudes. The latter is proportional to the K_L -> mu^+ mu^-
matrix element, whose 2 gamma-absorptive part appears to dominate the observed
K_L -> mu^+ mu^- decay rate. We examine the extent to which a scrutiny of the
K_L -> mu^+ mu^- gamma spectrum in the end-point region could provide evidence
on the real part of the K_L -> mu^+ mu^- amplitude. As a by-product, we obtain
the absorptive part of the K_L -> gamma^* gamma form factor, using data on the
K_L -> pi^+ pi^- gamma spectrum.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Impact of cation-based localized electronic states on the conduction and
  valence band structure of AlInN alloys

We demonstrate that cation-related localized states strongly perturb the band
structure of $\text{Al}_{1-x}\text{In}_x$N leading to a strong band gap bowing
at low In content. Our first-principles calculations show that In-related
localized states are formed both in the conduction and the valence band in
$\text{Al}_{1-x}\text{In}_x$N for low In composition, $x$, and that these
localized states dominate the evolution of the band structure with increasing
$x$. Therefore, the commonly used assumption of a single
composition-independent bowing parameter breaks down when describing the
evolution both of the conduction and of the valence band edge in
$\text{Al}_{1-x}\text{In}_x$N.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Higgs phenomenology in Type-I 2HDM with U(1)_H Higgs gauge symmetry

It is well known that generic two-Higgs-doublet models (2HDMs) suffer from
potentially large Higgs-mediated flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC)
problem, unless additional symmetries are imposed on the Higgs fields thereby
respecting the Natural Flavor Conservation Criterion (NFC) by Glashow and
Weinberg. A common way to respect the NFC is to impose Z_2 symmetry which is
softly broken by a dim-2 operator. Another new way is to introduce local U(1)_H
Higgs flavor symmetry that distinguishes one Higgs doublet from the other. In
this paper, we consider the Higgs phenomenology in Type-I 2HDMs with the U(1)_H
symmetry with the simplest U(1)_H assignments that the SM fermions are all
neutral under U(1)_H, and we make detailed comparison with the ordinary Type-I
2HDM. After imposing various constraints such as vacuum stability and
perturbativity as well as the electroweak precision observables and collider
search bounds on charged Higgs boson, we find that the allowed Higgs signal
strengths in our model are much broader than those in the ordinary Type-I 2HDM,
because of newly introduced U(1)_H-charged singlet scalar and U(1)_H gauge
boson. Still the ATLAS data on gg to h to gamma gamma cannot be accommodated.
Our model could be distinguished from the ordinary 2HDM with the Z_2 symmetry
in a certain parameter region and some channels. If the couplings of the new
boson turn out to be close to those in the SM, it would be essential to search
for extra U(1)_H gauge boson and/or one more neutral scalar boson to
distinguish two models.Comment: 28 pages, 18 figures, revised some figures, added references and
  discussions, accepted for publication in JHE
S-duality Improved Perturbation Theory in Compactified Type I /
  Heterotic String Theory

We study the mass of the stable non-BPS state in type I / heterotic string
theory compactified on a circle with the help of the interpolation formula
between weak and strong coupling results. Comparison between the results at
different orders indicate that this procedure can determine the mass of the
particle to within 10% accuracy over the entire two dimensional moduli space
parametrized by the string coupling and the radius of compactification. This
allows us to estimate the region of the stability of the particle in this two
dimensional moduli space. Outside this region the particle is unstable against
decay into three BPS states carrying the same total charge as the original
state. We discuss generalization of this analysis to compactification on higher
dimensional tori.Comment: LaTeX file, 18 pag
The 3-Loop Non-Singlet Heavy Flavor Contributions and Anomalous
  Dimensions for the Structure Function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ and Transversity

We calculate the massive flavor non-singlet Wilson coefficient for the heavy
flavor contributions to the structure function $F_2(x,Q^2)$ in the asymptotic
region $Q^2 \gg m^2$ and the associated operator matrix element $A_{qq,Q}^{(3),
\rm NS}(N)$ to 3-loop order in Quantum Chromodynamics at general values of the
Mellin variable $N$. This matrix element is associated to the vector current
and axial vector current for the even and the odd moments $N$, respectively. We
also calculate the corresponding operator matrix elements for transversity,
compute the contributions to the 3-loop anomalous dimensions to $O(N_F)$ and
compare to results in the literature. The 3-loop matching of the flavor
non-singlet distribution in the variable flavor number scheme is derived. All
results can be expressed in terms of nested harmonic sums in $N$ space and
harmonic polylogarithms in $x$-space. Numerical results are presented for the
non-singlet charm quark contribution to $F_2(x,Q^2)$.Comment: 82 pages, 3 style files, 33 Figure
Oscillation theorems for the Wronskian of an arbitrary sequence of
  eigenfunctions of Schr\"odinger's equation

The work of Adler provides necessary and sufficient conditions for the
Wronskian of a given sequence of eigenfunctions of Schr\"odinger's equation to
have constant sign in its domain of definition. We extend this result by giving
explicit formulas for the number of real zeros of the Wronskian of an arbitrary
sequence of eigenfunctions. Our results apply in particular to Wronskians of
classical orthogonal polynomials, thus generalizing classical results by Karlin
and Szeg\H{o}. Our formulas hold under very mild conditions that are believed
to hold for generic values of the parameters. In the Hermite case, our results
allow to prove some conjectures recently formulated by Felder et al.Comment: 16 pages, typed in AMS-LaTe
Mass and CKM Matrices of Quarks and Leptons, the Leptonic CP-phase in
  neutrino oscillations

A general approach for construction of quark and lepton mass matrices is
formulated. The hierarchy of quarks and charged leptons ("electrons") is large,
it leads using the experimental values of mixing angles to the hierarchical
mass matrix slightly deviating from one's suggested earlier by Stech and
including naturally the CP-phase.
  The same method based on the rotation of generation numbers in the diagonal
mass matrix is used in the electron-neutrino sector of theory, where neutrino
mass matrix is determined by the Majorano see-saw approach. The hierarchy of
neutrino masses, much smaller than for quarks, was used including all existing
(even preliminary) experimental data on neutrinos mixing.
  The leptonic mass matrix found in this way includes not known value of the
leptonic CP-phase. It leads to a large $\nu_\mu \nu_\tau$ oscillations and
suppresses the $\nu_e\nu_\tau$ and also $\nu_e \nu_\mu$ oscillations. The
explicit expressions for the probabilities of neutrino oscillation were
obtained in order to specify the role of leptonic CP-phase. The value of time
reversal effect (proportional to $\sin\delta'$) was found to be small $\sim
1%$. However, a dependence of the values of $\nu_e \nu_\mu, \nu_e \nu_\tau$
transition probabilities, averaged over oscillations, on the leptonic CP-phase
has found to be not small - of order of tens percent.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures, some correction