pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Realistic effective interactions for halo nuclei

We study halo nuclei using a two-frequency shell-model approach employing wave functions of two different oscillator constants \hbar\omega_{in} and \hbar\omega_{out}, the former for the inner orbits and the latter for the halo (outer) orbits. An initial application has been made for the halo nuclei ^6He and ^6Li, with 0s_{1/2} taken as the inner and ( 0p_{3/2}, 0p_{1/2}) as the halo orbits. Starting from the Paris NN interaction, we have derived a G-matrix folded-diagram effective interaction for this two-frequency model space, using an essentially exact treatment for the Pauli exclusion operator for the G-matrix. While keeping \hbar\omega_{in} fixed, we have performed calculations with different choices for \hbar\omega_{out}, treating it as a variation parameter. For \hbar\omega_{in}=19.7 MeV and \hbar\omega_{out}=8.2 MeV, our calculated valence energies for ^6He and ^6Li are -2.77 and -3.55 Mev, respectively, both in good agreement with experiments. The importance of certain three-body-force diagrams is discussed
RR-Dilaton Interaction in a Type IIB Superstring

We analyze the interaction between the massless RR states with a dilaton in a
type IIB superstring. By constructing vertex operators for massless and massive
RR states and computing their correlation functions with a dilaton we find the
Ramond-Ramond part of the superstring low-energy effective action. The RR terms
appearing in the action do not contain the standard dilatonic factor (string
coupling constant). The geometrical interpretation of this fact is presented.
Namely we argue that the spin operators in the RR vertices effectively decrease
the Euler character of the worldsheet by 1 unit. As a result, the additional
dilatonic term proportional to string coupling constant appears in the
worldsheet string action.Comment: 12 page
Experimental verification of intermediate band formation on titanium-implanted silicon

Intermediate band formation on silicon layers for solar cell applications was achieved by titanium implantation and laser annealing. A two-layer heterogeneous system, formed by the implanted layer and by the un-implanted substrate, was formed. In this work, we present for the first time electrical characterization results which show that recombination is suppressed when the Ti concentration is high enough to overcome the Mott limit, in agreement with the intermediate band theory. Clear differences have been observed between samples implanted with doses under or over the Mott limit. Samples implanted under the Mott limit have capacitance values much lower than the un-implanted ones as corresponds to a highly doped semiconductor Schottky junction. However, when the Mott limit is surpassed, the samples have much higher capacitance, revealing that the intermediate band is formed. The capacitance increasing is due to the big amount of charge trapped at the intermediate band, even at low temperatures. Ti deep levels have been measured by admittance spectroscopy. These deep levels are located at energies which vary from 0.20 to 0.28 eV below the conduction band for implantation doses in the range 10(13)-10(14) at./cm(2). For doses over the Mott limit, the implanted atoms become nonrecombinant. Capacitance voltage transient technique measurements prove that the fabricated devices consist of two-layers, in which the implanted layer and the substrate behave as an n(+)/n junction
Minimum-Density Identifying Codes in Square Grids

International audienceAn identifying code in a graph G is a subset of vertices with the property that for each vertex v ∈ V (G), the collection of elements of C at distance at most 1 from v is non-empty and distinct from the collection of any other vertex. We consider the minimum density d * (S k) of an identifying code in the square grid S k of height k (i.e. with vertex set Z × {1,. .. , k}). Using the Discharging Method, we prove 7 20 + 1 20k ≤ d * (S k) ≤ min 2 5 , 7 20 + 3 10k , and d * (S3) = 7 18
Incompressibility Estimates for the Laughlin Phase

This paper has its motivation in the study of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect. We consider 2D quantum particles submitted to a strong perpendicular magnetic field, reducing admissible wave functions to those of the Lowest Landau Level. When repulsive interactions are strong enough in this model, highly correlated states emerge, built on Laughlin's famous wave function. We investigate a model for the response of such strongly correlated ground states to variations of an external potential. This leads to a family of variational problems of a new type. Our main results are rigorous energy estimates demonstrating a strong rigidity of the response of strongly correlated states to the external potential. In particular we obtain estimates indicating that there is a universal bound on the maximum local density of these states in the limit of large particle number. We refer to these as incompressibility estimates
Dynamics of bulk fluctuations in a lamellar phase studied by coherent X-ray scattering

Using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy, we studied the layer fluctuations in the lamellar phase of an ionic lyotropic system. We measured the relaxation rate of in-plane (undulation) fluctuations as a function of the wave vector. Static and dynamic results obtained during the same experiment were combined to yield the values of both elastic constants of the lamellar phase (compression and bending moduli) as well as that of the sliding viscosity. The results are in very good agreement with dynamic light scattering data, validating the use of the technique in ordered phases
Effectiveness of telaprevir or boceprevir in treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. : Triple therapy in HCV genotype 1 cirrhotics

International audienceBACKGROUND & AIMS: We investigated the effectiveness of the protease inhibitors peginterferon and ribavirin in treatment-experienced patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis. METHODS: In the Compassionate Use of Protease Inhibitors in Viral C Cirrhosis study, 511 patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and compensated cirrhosis who did not respond to a prior course of peginterferon and ribavirin (44.3% relapsers or patients with viral breakthrough, 44.8% partial responders, and 8.0% null responders) were given either telaprevir (n = 299) or boceprevir (n = 212) for 48 weeks. We assessed percentages of patients with sustained viral responses 12 weeks after therapy and safety. This observational study did not allow for direct comparison of the 2 regimens. RESULTS: Among patients given telaprevir, 74.2% of relapsers, 40.0% of partial responders, and 19.4% of null responders achieved SVR12. Among those given boceprevir, 53.9% of relapsers, 38.3% of partial responders, and none of the null responders achieved SVR12. In multivariate analysis, factors associated with SVR12 included prior response to treatment response, no lead-in phase, HCV subtype 1b (vs 1a), and baseline platelet count greater than 100,000/mm(3). Severe adverse events occurred in 49.9% of cases, including liver decompensation, severe infections in 10.4%, and death in 2.2%. In multivariate analysis, baseline serum albumin level less than 35 g/L and baseline platelet counts of 100,000/mm(3) or less predicted severe side effects or death. CONCLUSIONS: Relatively high percentages of real-life, treatment-experienced patients with HCV genotype 1 infection and cirrhosis respond to the combination of peginterferon and ribavirin with telaprevir or boceprevir. However, side effects are frequent and often severe. Baseline levels of albumin and platelet counts can be used to guide treatment decisions. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01514890
Organotin compounds in surface sediments of the Southern\ud
Baltic coastal zone: a study on the main factors\ud
for their accumulation and degradation

Abstract Sediment samples were collected in the Gulf of\ud
Gdańsk, and the Vistula and Szczecin Lagoons—all located\ud
in the coastal zone of the Southern Baltic Sea—just after the\ud
total ban on using harmful organotins in antifouling paints on\ud
ships came into force, to assess their butyltin and phenyltin\ud
contamination extent. Altogether, 26 sampling stations were\ud
chosen to account for different potential exposure to organotin\ud
pollution and environmental conditions: from shallow and\ud
well-oxygenated waters, shipping routes and river mouths,\ud
to deep and anoxic sites. Additionally, the organic carbon\ud
content, pigment content, and grain size of all the sediment\ud
samples were determined, and some parameters of the nearbottom\ud
water (oxygen content, salinity, temperature) were\ud
measured as well. Total concentrations of butyltin compounds\ud
ranged between 2 and 182 ng Sn g−1 d.w., whereas phenyltins\ud
were below the detection limit. Sediments from the Gulf of\ud
Gdańsk and Vistula Lagoon were found moderately contaminated\ud
with tributyltin, whereas those from the Szczecin\ud
Lagoon were ranked as highly contaminated. Butyltin degradation\ud
indices prove a recent tributyltin input into the sediments\ud
adjacent to sites used for dumping for dredged harbor\ud
materials and for anchorage in the Gulf of Gdańsk (where two\ud
big international ports are located), and into those collected in\ud
the Szczecin Lagoon. Essential factors affecting the degradation\ud
and distribution of organotins, based on significant correlations\ud
between butyltins and environmental variables, were\ud
found in the study area
Evidence for the assembly of a bacterial tripartite multidrug pump with a stoichiometry of 3:6:3.

The multiple transferable resistance (mTR) pump from Neisseria gonorrhoeae MtrCDE multidrug pump is assembled from the inner and outer membrane proteins MtrD and MtrE and the periplasmic membrane fusion protein MtrC. Previously we established that while there is a weak interaction of MtrD and MtrE, MtrC binds with relatively high affinity to both MtrD and MtrE. MtrD conferred antibiotic resistance only when it was expressed with MtrE and MtrC, suggesting that these proteins form a functional tripartite complex in which MtrC bridges MtrD and MtrE. Furthermore, we demonstrated that MtrC interacts with an intraprotomer groove on the surface of MtrE, inducing channel opening. However, a second groove is apparent at the interface of the MtrE subunits, which might also be capable of engaging MtrC. We have now established that MtrC can be cross-linked to cysteines placed in this interprotomer groove and that mutation of residues in the groove impair the ability of the pump to confer antibiotic resistance by locking MtrE in the closed channel conformation. Moreover, MtrE K390C forms an intermolecular disulfide bond with MtrC E149C locking MtrE in the open channel conformation, suggesting that a functional salt bridge forms between these residues during the transition from closed to open channel conformations. MtrC forms dimers that assemble into hexamers, and electron microscopy studies of single particles revealed that these hexamers are arranged into ring-like structures with an internal aperture sufficiently large to accommodate the MtrE trimer. Cross-linking of single cysteine mutants of MtrC to stabilize the dimer interface in the presence of MtrE, trapped an MtrC-MtrE complex with a molecular mass consistent with a stoichiometry of 3:6 (MtrE3MtrC6), suggesting that dimers of MtrC interact with MtrE, presumably by binding to the two grooves. As both MtrE and MtrD are trimeric, our studies suggest that the functional pump is assembled with a stoichiometry of 3:6:3. \ud
\u
A Saxon Fish Weir and undated fish trap frames near Ashlett Creek, Hampshire, UK: static structures on a dynamic foreshore

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer Verlag via the DOI in this record.The remains of a wooden V-shaped fish weir and associated structures have been
discovered near Ashlett Creek on the tidal mudflats of Southampton Water in
Hampshire, southern Britain. Radiocarbon dating of oak roundwood stakes taken from
the main weir structure date it to the middle Saxon period. Clusters of as-yet undated
roundwood posts within the catchment area of the weir are interpreted as the frames
for fish traps that are assumed to pre- or post-date the operational period of the weir
itself. The weir is contemporary with wooden V-shaped fish weirs found elsewhere in
southern and central Britain, and also Ireland, but its circular catchment ‘pound’
remains restricted, in these islands, to the Solent and Severn estuaries: it has a close
parallel with another Saxon-era weir on the nearby Isle of Wight. It also shows
striking structural similarities with examples in use today in Basse Normandy, on the
southern shore of the English Channel. The paper discusses the function and operation
of the weir, and places it in its social and historical context. Regressive cartography
demonstrates that the structures have become exposed as a result of saltmarsh retreat
in this area of Southampton Water since the 19th century. The radiocarbon dates
returned for the posts demonstrate that this transgression of the marsh must have been
preceded by a prolonged period of progradation, which covered and preserved the
site; its subsequent re-exposure has negative implications for its survival.The fieldwork underpinning this research was carried out using equipment
and facilities provided by the Centre for Maritime Archaeology of the University of
Southampton. The authors themselves met incidental costs. Radiocarbon dating was
financed from an internal University of Exeter research allowance
Ionization energy levels in C-doped InxGa1-xN alloys

The InxGa1−xN alloys present levels as a result of the intentional (doped) or unintentional (contamination) introduction of C atoms into the host semiconductor. The III-V nitride semiconductors and their alloys usually crystallize in the wurtzite structure although the zinc blende structure has also been grown. We obtained the InxGa1−xN:C ionization energies from first-principles calculations of the two ordered wurtzite and zinc blende structures using different exchange and correlation terms. In accordance with the experimental results, the ionization levels could give rise, on some occasions, to a metallic impurity band
Is health wealth? Results of a panel data analysis

The objective of this paper is to determine whether health (measured by life expectancy at birth) contributes to economic growth and the functional form in which it influences per capita income. This links our study to the debate between Neo-classical and endogenous growth theorists on whether investment in human capital can sustain growth indefinitely. Data on 216 countries for the period 1980-2009 has been obtained from World Development Indicators dataset. This enables us to focus on a period characterized by globalization and demographic changes manifested in the form of population graying. Our findings confirm the importance of investment in human capital. But, in contrast to conclusions of endogenous growth models, we find evidence that benefit from increasing longevity tapers off. We conclude by pointing out that it is necessary to extend this study further by incorporating other dimensions of health that are not captured by life expectancy.
Voltage-gated sodium channels as targets for pyrethroid insecticides

The pyrethroid insecticides are a very successful group of compounds that have been used extensively for the control of arthropod pests of agricultural crops and vectors of animal and human disease. Unfortunately, this has led to the development of resistance to the compounds in many species. The mode of action of pyrethroids is known to be via interactions with the voltage-gated sodium channel. Understanding how binding to the channel is affected by amino acid substitutions that give rise to resistance has helped to elucidate the mode of action of the compounds and the molecular basis of their selectivity for insects vs mammals and between insects and other arthropods. Modelling of the channel/pyrethroid interactions, coupled with the ability to express mutant channels in oocytes and study function, has led to knowledge of both how the channels function and potentially how to design novel insecticides with greater species selectivity
Management of a shallow temperate estuary to control eutrophication: The effect of hydrodynamics on the system’s nutrient loading

The Mondego estuary, a shallow warm-temperate intertidal system located on the west coast of Portugal, has for some decades been under severe ecological stress, mainly caused by eutrophication. Water circulation in this system was, until 1998, mainly dependent on tides and on the freshwater input of a small tributary artificially controlled by a sluice. After 1998, the sluice opening was effectively minimised to reduce the nutrient loading, and the system hydrodynamics improved due to engineering work in the upstream areas. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the mitigation measures implemented in 1998. Changes to the hydrodynamics of the system were assessed using precipitation and salinity data in relation to the concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients, as well as the linkage between dissolved N:P ratios and the biological parameters (phytoplankton chlorophyll a  concentrations, green macroalgal biomass and seagrass biomass). Two distinctive periods were compared, over a ten year period: from January 1993 to January 1997 and from January 1999 until January 2003. The effective reduction in the dissolved N:P atomic ratio from 37.7 to 13.2 after 1998 is a result of lowered ammonia, but not the oxidised forms of nitrogen (nitrate plus nitrite), or increased concentrations of dissolved inorganic phosphorus. Results suggest that the phytoplankton is not nutrient limited, yet maximum and mean biomass of green macroalgae was reduced by one order of magnitude after the mitigation measures. This suggests that besides lowering the water residence time of the system, macroalgal growth became nitrogen limited. In parallel to these changes the seagrass-covered area and biomass of Zostera noltii showed signs of recoveryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2005.07.00
Formic and acetic acids in a nitrogen matrix: Enhanced stability

Formic acid  HCOOH, FA  and acetic acid  CH3COOH, AA  are studied in a nitrogen matrix. The
infrared  IR  spectra of cis and trans conformers of these carboxylic acids  and also of the HCOOD
isotopologue of FA  are reported and analyzed. The higher-energy cis conformer of these molecules
is produced by narrowband near-IR excitation of the more stable trans conformer, and the
cis-to-trans tunneling decay is evaluated spectroscopically. The tunneling process in both molecules
is found to be substantially slower in a nitrogen matrix than in rare-gas matrices, the cis-form decay
constants being approximately 55 and 600 times smaller in a nitrogen matrix than in an argon
matrix, for FA and AA respectively. The stabilization of the higher-energy cis conformer is discussed
in terms of specific interactions with nitrogen molecule binding with the OH group of the carboxylic
acid. This model is in agreement with the observed differences in the IR spectra in nitrogen and
argon matrices, in particular, the relative frequencies of the  OH and  COH modes and the relative
intensities of the  OH and  CvO band
Phase-resolved energy spectra of the Crab pulsar in the range of 50-400 GeV measured with the MAGIC telescopes

We use 73 h of stereoscopic data taken with the MAGIC telescopes to investigate the very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emission of the Crab pulsar. Our data show a highly significant pulsed signal in the energy range from 50 to 400 GeV in both the main pulse (P1) and the interpulse (P2) phase regions. We provide the widest spectra to date of the VHE components of both peaks, and these spectra extend to the energy range of satellite-borne observatories. The good resolution and background rejection of the stereoscopic MAGIC system allows us to cross-check the correctness of each spectral point of the pulsar by comparison with the corresponding (strong and well-known) Crab nebula flux. The spectra of both P1 and P2 are compatible with power laws with photon indices of 4.0 +/- 0.8 (P1) and 3.42 +/- 0.26 (P2), respectively, and the ratio P1/P2 between the photon counts of the two pulses is 0.54 +/- 0.12. The VHE emission can be understood as an additional component produced by the inverse Compton scattering of secondary and tertiary e(+/-) pairs on IR-UV photons
Evaporation of Microscopic Black Holes in String Theory and the Bound on
  Species

We address the question how string compactifications with D-branes are
consistent with the black hole bound, which arises in any theory with number of
particle species to which the black holes can evaporate. For the Kaluza-Klein
particles, both longitudinal and transversal to the D-branes, it is relatively
easy to see that the black hole bound is saturated, and the geometric relations
can be understood in the language of species-counting.
  We next address the question of the black hole evaporation into the higher
string states and discover, that contrary to the naive intuition, the
exponentially growing number of Regge states does not preclude the existence of
semi-classical black holes of sub-stringy size. Our analysis indicates that the
effective number of string resonances to which such micro black holes evaporate
is not exponentially large but is bounded by N = 1/g_s^2, which suggests the
interpretation of the well-known relation between the Planck and string scales
as the saturation of the black hole bound on the species number. In addition,
we also discuss some other issues in D-brane compactifications with a low
string scale of order TeV, such as the masses of light moduli fields.Comment: 34 page
Holographic Wave Functions, Meromorphization and Counting Rules

We study the large-Q^2 behavior of the meson form factor F_M (Q^2)
constructed using the holographic light-front wave functions proposed recently
by Brodsky and de Teramond. We show that this model can be also obtained within
the Migdal's regularization approach (``meromorphization''), if one applies it
to 3-point function for scalar currents made of scalar quarks. We found that
the asymptotic 1/Q^2 behavior of F_M (Q^2) is generated by soft Feynman
mechanism rather than by short distance dynamics, which causes very late onset
of the 1/Q^2 asymptotic behavior. Using meromorphization for spin-1/2 quarks,
we demonstrated that resulting form factor F^{spinor}_M (Q^2) has 1/Q^4
asymptotic behavior. Now, owing to the late onset of this asymptotic pattern,
  F^{spinor}_M (Q^2) imitates the 1/Q^2 behavior in the few GeV^2 region.
  We discuss analogy between meromorphization and local quark-hadron duality
model for the pion form factor, and show that adding the O(\alpha_s) correction
to the spectral function brings in the hard pQCD contribution that has the
dimensional counting $1/Q^2$ behavior at large Q^2. At accessible Q^2, the
O(\alpha_s) term is a rather small fraction of the total result. We conclude
that the ``observed'' quark counting rules for hadronic form factors is an
approximate phenomenon resulting from Feynman mechanism in its preasymptotic
regime.Comment: Final version published in Physics Letters
Two pion mediated scalar isoscalar NN interaction in the nuclear medium

We study the modification of the nucleon nucleon interaction in a nuclear
medium in the scalar isoscalar channel, mediated by the exchange of two
correlated ($\sigma$ channel) or uncorrelated pions. For this purpose we use a
standard approach for the renormalization of pions in nuclei. The corrections
obtained for the $NN$ interaction in the medium in this channel are of the
order of 20% of the free one in average, and the consideration of short range
correlations plays an important role in providing these moderate changes. Yet,
the corrections are sizable enough to suggest further studies of the stability
and properties of nuclear matter.Comment: 27 page