pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Renormalization of gauge theories in the background-field approach

Using the background-field method we demonstrate the
Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) structure of counterterms in a broad class of
gauge theories. Put simply, we show that gauge invariance is preserved by
renormalization in local gauge field theories whenever they admit a sensible
background-field formulation and anomaly-free path integral measure. This class
encompasses Yang-Mills theories (with possibly Abelian subgroups) and
relativistic gravity, including both renormalizable and non-renormalizable
(effective) theories. Our results also hold for non-relativistic models such as
Yang-Mills theories with anisotropic scaling or Horava gravity. They strengthen
and generalize the existing results in the literature concerning the
renormalization of gauge systems. Locality of the BRST construction is
emphasized throughout the derivation. We illustrate our general approach with
several explicit examples.Comment: 45 pages, no figures; references added, changes in the Introduction
  and Conclusion
Sparseness bounds on local operators in holographic $CFT_d$

We use the thermodynamics of anti-de Sitter gravity to derive sparseness
bounds on the spectrum of local operators in holographic conformal field
theories. The simplest such bound is $\rho(\Delta) \lesssim
\exp\left(\frac{2\pi\Delta}{d-1}\right)$ for CFT$_d$. Unlike the case of $d=2$,
this bound is strong enough to rule out weakly coupled holographic theories. We
generalize the bound to include spins $J_i$ and $U(1)$ charge $Q$, obtaining
bounds on $\rho(\Delta, J_i, Q)$ in $d=3$ through $6$. All bounds are saturated
by black holes at the Hawking-Page transition and vanish beyond the
corresponding BPS bound.Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures, 2 appendice
Precise predictions for electroweakino-pair production in association
  with a jet at the LHC

We present the full NLO SUSY-QCD corrections to the pair production of
neutralinos and charginos at the LHC in association with a jet and their
matching to parton-shower programs in the framework of the POWHEG-BOX package.
The code we have developed provides a SUSY Les Houches Accord interface for
setting electroweak and supersymmetric input parameters. Decays of the
neutralinos and charginos and parton-shower effects can be simulated with
multi-purpose programs such as PYTHIA. The capabilities of the code are
illustrated by phenomenological results for a parameter point in the framework
of pMSSM10, compatible with present experimental limits on supersymmetry. We
find that NLO-QCD corrections as well as parton-shower effects are of primary
importance for the appropriate description of jet distributions.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures. V2: minor corrections, matches the published
  versio
3d Coulomb branch and 5d Higgs branch at infinite coupling

The Higgs branch of minimally supersymmetric five dimensional SQCD theories
increases in a significant way at the UV fixed point when the inverse gauge
coupling is tuned to zero. It has been a long standing problem to figure out
how, and to find an exact description of this Higgs branch. This paper solves
this problem in an elegant way by proposing that the Coulomb branches of three
dimensional ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric quiver gauge theories, named
"Exceptional Sequences", provide the solution to the problem. Thus, once again,
3d ${\cal N}=4$ Coulomb branches prove to be useful tools in solving problems
in higher dimensions. Gauge invariant operators on the 5d side consist of
classical objects such as mesons, baryons and gaugino bilinears, and non
perturbative objects such as instanton operators with or without baryon number.
On the 3d side we have classical objects such as Casimir invariants and non
perturbative objects such as monopole operators, bare or dressed. The duality
map works in a very interesting way.Comment: 37 pages, 3 figure
Signals of the electroweak phase transition at colliders and gravitational wave observatories.

If the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) is of strongly first order due to higher dimensional operators, the scale of new physics generating them is at the TeV scale or below. In this case the effective-field theory (EFT) neglecting operators of dimension higher than six may overlook terms that are relevant for the EWPT analysis. In this article we study the EWPT in the EFT to dimension eight. We estimate the reach of the future gravitational wave observatory LISA for probing the region in which the EWPT is strongly first order and compare it with the capabilities of the Higgs measurements via double-Higgs production at current and future colliders. We also match different UV models to the previously mentioned dimension-eight EFT and demonstrate that, from the top-down point of view, the double-Higgs production is not the best signal to explore these scenarios
Multi-particle amplitudes from the four-point correlator in planar N = 4 SYM.

A non-trivial consequence of the super-correlator/super-amplitude duality is that the integrand of the four-point correlation function of stress-tensor multiplets in planar   N  = 4 super Yang-Mills contains a certain combination of n-point amplitude integrands for any n. This combination is the sum of products of all helicity super-amplitudes with their corresponding helicity conjugates. The four-point correlator itself is described by a single scalar function whose loop level integrands possess a hidden permutation symmetry facilitating its computation up to ten loops. We discover that assuming Yangian symmetry and an appropriate basis of planar dual conformal integrands it is possible to disentangle the contributions from the individual amplitudes from this combination. We test this up to seven points and up to two loops. This suggests that any scattering amplitude for any n, with any helicity structure and at any loop order may be extractable from the four-point correlator
Observational signatures from horizonless black shells imitating
  rotating black holes

In arXiv:1705.10172 it was proposed that string theory replaces Schwarzschild
black holes with horizonless thin shells with an AdS interior. In this paper we
extend the analysis to slowly rotating black holes, solving the
Israel-Lanczos-Sen junction conditions for a rotating shell composed of stringy
matter to determine the metric. Outside of the shell we find a vacuum solution
that differs from Kerr with a 32% larger quadrupole moment. We discuss the
observational consequences and explore the possibility to distinguish between a
black shell and a black hole. Promising methods include imaging of the black
hole at the center of the Milky Way using the Event Horizon Telescope,
precision measurements of stars in close orbits around the central black hole,
and future observations of colliding super massive black holes using the space
based gravitational wave observatory LISA.Comment: Published versio
Four-dimensional Lens Space Index from Two-dimensional Chiral Algebra

We study the supersymmetric partition function on $S^1 \times L(r, 1)$, or
the lens space index of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal field
theories and their connection to two-dimensional chiral algebras. We primarily
focus on free theories as well as Argyres-Douglas theories of type $(A_1, A_k)$
and $(A_1, D_k)$. We observe that in specific limits, the lens space index is
reproduced in terms of the (refined) character of an appropriately twisted
module of the associated two-dimensional chiral algebra or a generalized vertex
operator algebra. The particular twisted module is determined by the choice of
discrete holonomies for the flavor symmetry in four-dimensions.Comment: 47 pages; v2: minor corrections, published versio
New worldsheet formulae for conformal supergravity amplitudes.\ud

We use 4d ambitwistor string theory to derive new worldsheet formulae for tree-level conformal supergravity amplitudes supported on refined scattering equations. Unlike the worldsheet formulae for super-Yang-Mills or supergravity, the scattering equations for conformal supergravity are not in general refined by MHV degree. Nevertheless, we obtain a concise worldsheet formula for any number of scalars and gravitons which we lift to a manifestly supersymmetric formula using four types of vertex operators. The theory also contains states with non-plane wave boundary conditions and we show that the corresponding amplitudes can be obtained from plane-wave amplitudes by applying momentum derivatives. Such derivatives are subtle to define since the formulae are intrinsically four-dimensional and on-shell, so we develop a method for computing momentum derivatives of spinor variables
DUNE sensitivities to the mixing between sterile and tau neutrinos

Light sterile neutrinos can be probed in a number of ways, including
electroweak decays, cosmology and neutrino oscillation experiments. At
long-baseline experiments, the neutral-current data is directly sensitive to
the presence of light sterile neutrinos: once the active neutrinos have
oscillated into a sterile state, a depletion in the neutral-current data sample
is expected since they do not interact with the $Z$ boson. This channel offers
a direct avenue to probe the mixing between a sterile neutrino and the tau
neutrino, which remains largely unconstrained by current data. In this work, we
study the potential of the DUNE experiment to constrain the mixing angle which
parametrizes this mixing, $\theta_{34}$, through the observation of
neutral-current events at the far detector. We find that DUNE will be able to
improve significantly over current constraints thanks to its large statistics
and excellent discrimination between neutral- and charged-current events.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figure
A spacetime derivation of the Lorentzian OPE inversion formula

Caron-Huot has recently given an interesting formula that determines OPE data
in a conformal field theory in terms of a weighted integral of the four-point
function over a Lorentzian region of cross-ratio space. We give a new
derivation of this formula based on Wick rotation in spacetime rather than
cross-ratio space. The derivation is simple in two dimensions but more involved
in higher dimensions. We also derive a Lorentzian inversion formula in one
dimension that sheds light on previous observations about the chaos regime in
the SYK model.Comment: 26 pages plus appendice
A viable QCD axion in the MeV mass range

The QCD axion is one of the most compelling solutions of the strong CP
problem. There are major current efforts into searching for an ultralight,
invisible axion, which is believed to be the only phenomenologically viable
realization of the QCD axion. Visible axions with decay constants at or below
the electroweak scale are believed to have been long excluded by laboratory
searches. Considering the significance of the axion solution of the strong CP
problem, we revisit experimental constraints on QCD axions in the O(10 MeV)
mass window. In particular, we find a variant axion model that remains
compatible with existing constraints. This model predicts new states at the GeV
scale coupled hadronically, and a variety of low-energy axion signatures, such
as rare meson decays, nuclear de-excitations via axion emission, production in
e+e- annihilation and fixed target experiments. This reopens the possibility of
solving the strong CP problem at the GeV scale.Comment: 59 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; matches published versio
Tensor Models for Black Hole Probes

The infrared dynamics of the SYK model, as well as its associated tensor
models, exhibit some of the non trivial features expected of a holographic dual
of near extremal black holes. These include developing certain symmetries of
the near horizon geometry and exhibiting maximal chaos. In this paper we
present a generalization of these tensor models to include fields with fewer
tensor indices and which can be thought of as describing probes in a black hole
background. In large $N$ limit, dynamics of the original model remain
unaffected by the probe fields and the four point functions of the probe fields
exhibit maximal chaos, a non trivial feature expected of a black hole probe.
Interestingly probe primaries have the same dimensions as primaries of the
original fields.Comment: 32 pages, 12 figure
Exactly solvable gravitating perfect fluid solitons in (2+1) dimensions

The Bogomolnyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) baby Skyrme model coupled to gravity is considered. We show that in an asymptotically flat space-time the model still possesses the BPS property, i.e., admits a BPS reduction to first order Bogomolnyi equations, which guarantees that the corresponding proper energy is a linear function of the topological charge. We also find the mass-radius relation as well as the maximal mass and radius. All these results are obtained in an analytical manner, which implies the complete solvability of this selfgravitating matter system.\ud
\ud
If a cosmological constant is added, then the BPS property is lost. In de Sitter (dS ) space-time both extremal and non-extremal solutions are found, where the former correspond to finite positive pressure solutions of the flat space-time model. For the asymptotic anti-de Sitter (AdS ) case, extremal solutions do not exist as there are no negative pressure BPS baby Skyrmions in flat space-time. Non-extremal solutions with AdS asymptotics do exist and may be constructed numerically. The impact of the negative cosmological constant on the mass-radius relation is studied. We also found two potentials for which exact multi-soliton solutions in the external AdS space can be obtained. Finally, we elaborate on the implications of these findings for certain three-dimensional models of holographic QCD
Lepton-pair production in association with a bb¯ pair and the determination of the W boson mass

We perform a study of lepton-pair production in association with bottom quarks at the LHC based on the predictions obtained at next-to-leading order in QCD, both at fixed order and matched with a QCD parton shower. We consider a comprehensive set of observables and estimate the associated theoretical uncertainties by studying the dependence on the perturbative QCD scales (renormalisation, factorisation and shower) and by comparing different parton-shower models (Pythia8 and Herwig++) and matching schemes (MC@NLO and POWHEG). Based on these results, we propose a simple procedure to include bottom-quark effects in neutral-current Drell-Yan production, going beyond the standard massless approximation. Focusing on the inclusive lepton-pair transverse-momentum distribution p⊥ℓ+ℓ−, we quantify the impact of such effects on the tuning of the simulation of charged-current Drell-Yan observables and the W-boson mass determination
General Continuum Clockwork

The continuum clockwork is an extra-dimensional set-up to realize certain
features of the clockwork mechanism generating exponentially suppressed or
hierarchical couplings of light particles. We study the continuum clockwork in
a general scheme in which large volume, warped geometry, and localization of
zero modes in extra dimension are described by independent parameters. For
this, we propose a generalized 5-dimensional linear dilaton model which can
realize such set-up as a solution of the model, and examine the KK spectrum and
the couplings of zero modes and massive KK modes to boundary-localized
operators for the bulk graviton, Abelian gauge bosons and periodic scalar
fields. We discuss how those KK spectra and couplings vary as a function of the
volume, warping and localization parameters, and highlight the behavior in the
parameter region corresponding to the clockwork limit. We discuss also the
field range of 4-dimensional axions originating from either 5-dimensional
periodic scalar field or the 5-th component of an Abelian gauge field, and
comment on the limitations of continuum clockwork compared to the discrete
clockwork.Comment: 41 pages, 5 figures; v3: minor changes, references updated, version
  published in JHE
Search for exclusive Higgs and $Z$ boson decays to $\phi\gamma$ and
  $\rho\gamma$ with the ATLAS detector

A search for the exclusive decays of the Higgs and $Z$ bosons to a $\phi$ or
$\rho$ meson and a photon is performed with a $pp$ collision data sample
corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 35.6 $fb^{-1}$ collected at
$\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider.
These decays have been suggested as a probe of the Higgs boson couplings to
light quarks. No significant excess of events is observed above the background,
as expected from the Standard Model. Upper limits at 95% confidence level were
obtained on the branching fractions of the Higgs boson decays to $\phi\gamma$
and $\rho\gamma$ of $4.8\times10^{-4}$ and $8.8\times10^{-4}$, respectively.
The corresponding 95% confidence level upper limits for the $Z$ boson decays
are $0.9\times10^{-6}$ and $25\times10^{-6}$ for $\phi\gamma$ and $\rho\gamma$,
respectively.Comment: 36 pages in total, author list starting page 20, 5 figures, 3 tables,
  published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2016-13
Attractive Strings and Five-Branes, Skew-Holomorphic Jacobi Forms and
  Moonshine

We show that certain BPS counting functions for both fundamental strings and
strings arising from fivebranes wrapping divisors in Calabi--Yau threefolds
naturally give rise to skew-holomorphic Jacobi forms at rational and attractor
points in the moduli space of string compactifications. For M5-branes wrapping
divisors these are forms of weight negative one, and in the case of multiple
M5-branes skew-holomorphic mock Jacobi forms arise. We further find that in
simple examples these forms are related to skew-holomorphic (mock) Jacobi forms
of weight two that play starring roles in moonshine. We discuss examples
involving M5-branes on the complex projective plane, del Pezzo surfaces of
degree one, and half-K3 surfaces. For del Pezzo surfaces of degree one and
certain half-K3 surfaces we find a corresponding graded (virtual) module for
the degree twelve Mathieu group. This suggests a more extensive relationship
between Mathieu groups and complex surfaces, and a broader role for M5-branes
in the theory of Jacobi forms and moonshine.Comment: 36 pages, LaTeX; minor typos corrected, footnote added at bottom of
  page 9 to accommodate JHEP editor's suggestio
Taming the $\epsilon$-expansion with Large Spin Perturbation Theory

We apply analytic bootstrap techniques to the four-point correlator of
fundamental fields in the Wilson-Fisher model. In an $\epsilon$-expansion
crossing symmetry fixes the double discontinuity of the correlator in terms of
CFT data at lower orders. Large spin perturbation theory, or equivalently the
recently proposed Froissart-Gribov inversion integral, then allows one to
reconstruct the CFT data of intermediate operators of any spin. We use this
method to compute the anomalous dimensions and OPE coefficients of leading
twist operators. To cubic order in $\epsilon$ the double discontinuity arises
solely from the identity operator and the scalar bilinear operator, making the
computation straightforward. At higher orders the double discontinuity receives
contributions from infinite towers of higher spin operators. At fourth order,
the structure of perturbation theory leads to a proposal in terms of functions
of certain degree of transcendentality, which can then be fixed by symmetries.
This leads to the full determination of the CFT data for leading twist
operators to fourth order.Comment: 16 pages. v2: Added discussion on low spin spectru
Lorentz covariant form of extended higher-spin equations

The extension of nonlinear higher-spin equations in d=4 proposed in
[arXiv:1504.07289] for the construction of invariant functional is shown to
respect local Lorentz symmetry. The equations are rewritten in a manifestly
Lorentz covariant form resulting from some Stueckelberg-like field
transformation. We also show that the two field-independent central terms
entering higher-spin equations which are not entirely fixed by the consistency
alone get fixed unambiguously by the requirement of Lorentz symmetry. One of
the important advantages of the proposed approach demonstrated in the paper is
the remarkable simplification of the perturbative analysis.Comment: V2: 20 pages, typos corrected, references added. Version published in
  JHE
Measurement of ϒ production in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

The production cross-sections of ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S) and ϒ(3S) mesons in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV are measured with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 277 ± 11 pb⁻¹ recorded by the LHCb experiment in 2015. The ϒ mesons are reconstructed in the decay mode ϒ → μ⁺μ⁻. The differential production cross-sections times the dimuon branching fractions are measured as a function of the ϒ transverse momentum, pT, and rapidity, y, over the range 0 < pT < 30 GeV/c and 2.0 < y < 4.5. The ratios of the cross-sections with respect to the LHCb measurement at √s = 8 TeV are also determined. The measurements are compared with theoretical predictions based on NRQCD
A variant of 3-3-1 model for the generation of the SM fermion mass and
  mixing pattern

We propose an extension of the 3-3-1 model with an additional symmetry group
$Z_{2}\times Z_{4} \times U(1)_{L_g}$ and an extended scalar sector. To our
best knowledge this is the first example of a renormalizable 3-3-1 model, which
allows explanation of the SM fermion mass hierarchy by a sequential loop
suppression: tree-level top and exotic fermion masses, 1-loop bottom, charm,
tau and muon masses; 2-loop masses for the light up, down, strange quarks as
well as for the electron. The light active neutrino masses are generated from a
combination of linear and inverse seesaw mechanisms at two loop level. The
model also has viable fermionic and scalar dark matter candidates.Comment: 35 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in JHE
Observation of proton-tagged, central (semi)exclusive production of high-mass lepton pairs in pp collisions at 13 TeV with the CMS-TOTEM precision proton spectrometer

The process pp → pℓ⁺ℓ⁻p(*), with ℓ⁺ℓ⁻ a muon or an electron pair produced at midrapidity with mass larger than 110 GeV, has been observed for the first time at the LHC in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV. One of the two scattered protons is measured in the CMS-TOTEM precision proton spectrometer (CT-PPS), which operated for the first time in 2016. The second proton either remains intact or is excited and then dissociates into a low-mass state p*, which is undetected. The measurement is based on an integrated luminosity of 9.4 fb⁻¹ collected during standard, high-luminosity LHC operation. A total of 12 μ⁺μ⁻ and 8 e⁺e⁻ pairs with m(ℓ⁺ℓ⁻) > 110 GeV, and matching forward proton kinematics, are observed, with expected backgrounds of 1.49 ± 0.07 (stat) ± 0.53 (syst) and 2.36 ± 0.09 (stat) ± 0.47 (syst), respectively. This corresponds to an excess of more than five standard deviations over the expected background. The present result constitutes the first observation of proton-tagged γγ collisions at the electroweak scale. This measurement also demonstrates that CT-PPS performs according to the design specifications. Keywords: Forward physics; Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments); Photon production; proton-proton scatterin