pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Multiplicities of charged pions and unidentified charged hadrons from
  deep-inelastic scattering of muons off an isoscalar target

Multiplicities of charged pions and unidentified hadrons produced in
deep-inelastic scattering were measured in bins of the Bjorken scaling variable
$x$, the relative virtual-photon energy $y$ and the relative hadron energy $z$.
Data were obtained by the COMPASS Collaboration using a 160 GeV muon beam and
an isoscalar target ($^6$LiD). They cover the kinematic domain in the photon
virtuality $Q^2$ > 1(GeV/c$)^2$, $0.004 < x < 0.4$, $0.2 < z < 0.85$ and $0.1 <
y < 0.7$. In addition, a leading-order pQCD analysis was performed using the
pion multiplicity results to extract quark fragmentation functions
APOBEC3B-Mediated Cytidine Deamination Is Required for Estrogen Receptor Action in Breast Cancer.

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) is the key transcriptional driver in a large proportion of breast cancers. We report that APOBEC3B (A3B) is required for regulation of gene expression by ER and acts by causing C-to-U deamination at ER  binding regions. We show that these C-to-U changes lead to the generation of DNA  strand breaks through activation of base excision repair (BER) and to repair by non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) pathways. We provide evidence that transient cytidine deamination by A3B aids chromatin modification and remodelling at the regulatory regions of ER target genes that promotes their expression. A3B expression is associated with poor patient survival in ER+ breast cancer, reinforcing the physiological significance of A3B for ER action
Transit spectrophotometry of the exoplanet HD 189733b. II. New Spitzer observations at 3.6 μm

Copyright © ESO, 2010Context. We present a new primary transit observation of the hot-jupiter HD 189733b, obtained at 3.6 μm with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. Previous measurements at 3.6 microns suffered from strong systematics, and conclusions could hardly be obtained with confidence on the water detection by comparison of the 3.6 and 5.8 microns observations.

Aims. We aim at constraining the atmospheric structure and composition of the planet and improving previously derived parameters.

Methods. We use a high-S/NSpitzer photometric transit light curve to improve the precision of the near infrared radius of the planet at 3.6 μm. The observation has been performed using high-cadence time series integrated in the subarray mode. We are able to derive accurate system parameters, including planet-to-star radius ratio, impact parameter, scale of the system, and central time of the transit from the fits of the transit light curve. We compare the results with transmission spectroscopic models and with results from previous observations at the same wavelength.

Results. We obtained the following system parameters of Rp/R* = 0.15566+0.00011
−0.00024, b = 0.661+0.0053
−0.0050, and a/R* = 8.925+0.0490
−0.052 and at 3.6 μm. These measurements are three times more accurate than previous studies at this wavelength because they benefit from greater observational efficiency and less statistic and systematic errors. Nonetheless, we find that the radius ratio has to be corrected for stellar activity and present a method to do so using ground-based long-duration photometric follow-up in the V-band. The resulting planet-to-star radius ratio corrected for the stellar variability agrees with our previous measurement obtained in the same bandpass. We also discuss that water vapour could not be detected by a comparison of the planetary radius measured at 3.6 and 5.8 μm, because the radius measured at 3.6 μm is affected by absorption by other species, possibly Rayleigh scattering by haze.CNES (Centre National d’Études Spatiales)Agence Nationale pour la Recherch
A U_A(1) symmetry restoration scenario supported by the generalized Witten-Veneziano relation and its analytic solution

The Witten-Veneziano relation, or, alternatively, its generalization proposed by Shore, facilitates understanding and describing the complex of eta and eta' mesons. We present an analytic, closed-form solution to Shore's equations which gives results on the eta-eta' complex in full agreement with results previously obtained numerically. Although the Witten-Veneziano relation and Shore's equations are related, the ways they were previously used in the context of dynamical models to calculate eta and eta' properties, were rather different. However, with the analytic solution, the calculation can be formulated similarly to the approach through the Witten-Veneziano relation, and with some conceptual improvements. In the process, one strengthens the arguments in favor of a possible relation between the U_A(1) and SU_A(3) chiral symmetry breaking and restoration. To test this scenario, the experiments such as those at RHIC, NICA and FAIR, which extend the RHIC (and LHC) high- temperature scans also to the finite-density parts of the QCD phase diagram, should pay particular attention to the signatures from the eta'-eta complex indicating the symmetry restoration
Measurement of the ratio B(t → Wb)/B(t → Wq) in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV

The ratio of the top-quark branching fractions R = B(t → Wb)/B(t → Wq), where the denominator includes the sum over all down-type quarks (q = b, s, d), is measured in the tt dilepton ¯ final state with proton–proton collision data at √s = 8 TeV from an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1, collected with the CMS detector. In order to quantify the purity of the signal sample, the cross section is measured by fitting the observed jet multiplicity, thereby constraining the signal and background contributions. By counting the number of b jets per event, an unconstrained value of R = 1.014 ± 0.003 (stat.) ± 0.032 (syst.) is measured, in a good agreement with current precision measurements in electroweak and flavour sectors. A lower limit R &gt; 0.955 at the 95% confidence level is obtained after requiring R ≤ 1, and a lower limit on the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix element |Vtb| &gt; 0.975 is set at 95% confidence level. The result is combined with a previous CMS measurement of the t-channel single-top-quark cross section to determine the top-quark total decay width, Γt = 1.36 ± 0.02 (stat.)+0.14 −0.11 (syst.) Ge
Transformational leadership and employee voice behavior: a Pygmalion mechanism

We theorized and examined a Pygmalion perspective beyond those proposed in past studies in the relationship between transformational leadership and employee voice behavior. Specifically, we proposed that transformational leadership influences employee voice through leaders’ voice expectation  and  employees’  voice  role  perception  (i.e.,  Pygmalion  mechanism).  We  also  theorized that personal identification with transformational leaders influences the extent to which employees internalize leaders’ external voice expectation as their own voice role perception. In a  time-lagged field study, we found that leaders’ voice expectation and employees’ voice role  perception (i.e., the Pygmalion process) mediate the relationship between transformational  leadership and voice behavior. In addition, we found transformational leadership strengthens  employees’ personal identification with the leader, which in turn, as a moderator, amplifies the proposed Pygmalion process. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed
Algorithms for combinatorial structures: Well-founded systems and Newton iterations.

International audienceWe consider systems of recursively defined combinatorial structures. We give algorithms checking that these systems are well founded, computing generating series and providing numerical values. Our framework is an articulation of the constructible classes of Flajolet and Sedgewick with Joyal's species theory. We extend the implicit species theorem to structures of size zero. A quadratic iterative Newton method is shown to solve well-founded systems combinatorially. From there, truncations of the corresponding generating series are obtained in quasi-optimal complexity. This iteration transfers to a numerical scheme that converges unconditionally to the values of the generating series inside their disk of convergence. These results provide important subroutines in random generation. Finally, the approach is extended to combinatorial differential systems.Nous considérons des systèmes de structures combinatoires définies récursivement. Nous présentons une méthode à convergence quadratique qui résout ces systèmes lorsqu'ils sont bien fondés. Nous en déduisons les troncatures des séries génératrices correspondantes en complexité quasi-optimale. Cette itération se traduit en un schéma numérique qui converge de manière inconditionnelle vers les valeurs des séries génératrices à l'intérieur de leur disque de convergence. Ces techniques sont notamment utiles en génération aléatoire
The likelihood ratio test for general mixture models with possibly unknown structural parameter

24 pagesInternational audienceThis paper deals with the likelihood ratio test (LRT) for testing hypotheses on the mixing measure in mixture models with possibly unknown structural parameter. The main result gives the asymptotic distribution of the LRT statistics under some conditions that are proved to be almost necessary. A detailed solution is given for two testing problems: the test of a single distribution against any mixture, with application to Gaussian, Poisson and binomial distributions; the test of the number of populations in a finite mixture with possibly unknown structural parameter
Maintenance of red blood cell integrity by AMP-activated protein kinase alpha1 catalytic subunit.

5 pagesInternational audienceAMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a pivotal role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. We previously showed that AMPKalpha1-/- mice develop moderate anemia associated with splenomegaly and high reticulocytosis. Here, we report that splenectomy of AMPKalpha1-/- mice worsened anemia supporting evidence that AMPKalpha1-/- mice developed a compensatory response through extramedullary erythropoiesis in the spleen. Transplantation of bone marrow from AMPKalpha1-/- mice into wild-type recipients recapitulated the hematologic phenotype. Further, AMPKalpha1-/- red blood cells (RBC) showed less deformability in response to shear stress limiting their membrane flexibility. Thus, our results highlight the crucial role of AMPK to preserve RBC integrity
Ginzburg-Landau minimizers with prescribed degrees. Capacity of the domain and emergence of vortices

International audienceLet $\Omega\subset {\mathbb R}^2$  be a simply connected domain, let $\omega$ be a simply connected subdomain of $\Omega$, and set $A=\Omega\setminus\overline\omega$. Let $J$ be the class of complex-valued maps on the annular domain $A$ with degree $1$ both on $\partial\Omega$ and on $\partial\omega$. We consider the variational problem of minimizing the Ginzburg- Landau energy $E_\lambda$ among all maps in $J$. Because only the degrees of the map are prescribed on the boundary, the set $J$ is not  closed under  weak $H^1$-convergence. We show that the attainability of the minimum of $E_\lambda$ over $J$ is determined by the value of cap$\,(A)$, where cap$\,(A)$ is the $H^1$-capacity of the domain $A$. In contrast, it is known that the existence of minimizers of $E_\lambda$ among the maps with a prescribed Dirichlet boundary data does not depend on this geometric characteristic. When cap$\,(A)\ge \pi$ (such an $A$  is denoted as either  subcritical - if  cap$\,(A)$>$\pi$ or critical - if cap$\,(A)= \pi$), we show that the global minimizers of $E_\lambda$ exist for each $\lambda>0$  and that  they are vortexless when $\lambda$ is large. Assuming that $\lambda\to\infty$, we demonstrate that the minimizers of $E_\lambda$ converge in $H^1(A)$ (and even better)  to an ${\mathbb S}^1$-valued harmonic map which we explicitly identify. When cap$\, (A)$<$\pi$ (i.e., $A$ is supercritical), we prove that either (i) there is a critical value $\lambda_0$ such that the global minimizers exist when $\lambda$<$\lambda_0$  and they do not exist when $\lambda$>$\lambda_0$, or (ii) the global minimizers exist for each $\lambda>0$. We conjecture that the second case never occurs. Further, for large $\lambda$, we establish that the minimizing sequences/minimizers in supercritical domains develop exactly two vortices - a vortex of degree $1$ near $\partial\Omega$ and a vortex of degree $-1$ near $\partial\omega$
Gas reservoir of a hyper-luminous quasar at z = 2.6

International audienceContext. Understanding the relationship between the formation and evolution of galaxies and their central super-massive black holes (SMBH) is one of the main topics in extragalactic astrophysics. Links and feedback may reciprocally affect both black hole and galaxy growth.Aims. Observations of the CO line at the main epoch of galaxy and SMBH assembly (z = 2−4) are crucial to investigating the gas mass, star formation, and accretion onto SMBHs, and the effect of AGN feedback. Potential correlations between AGN and host galaxy properties can be highlighted by observing extreme objects.Methods. We targeted CO(3–2) in ULAS J1539+0557, a hyper-luminous quasar (Lbol > 1048  erg/s) at z = 2.658, selected through its unusual red colour in the UKIDSS Large Area Survey (ULAS).Results. We find a molecular gas mass of 4.1 ± 0.8 × 1010 M⊙, by adopting a conversion factor α = 0.8  M⊙ K-1 km s-1 pc2, and a gas fraction of ~0.4−0.1, depending mostly on the assumed source inclination. We also find a robust lower limit to the star-formation rate (SFR = 250−1600 M⊙/yr) and star-formation efficiency (SFE = 25−350 L⊙/(K km s-1 pc2) by comparing the observed optical-near-infrared spectral energy distribution with AGN and galaxy templates. The black hole gas consumption timescale, M(H2) /Ṁacc, is ~160 Myr, similar to or higher than the gas consumption timescale.Conclusions. The gas content and the star formation efficiency are similar to those of other high-luminosity, highly obscured quasars, and at the lower end of the star-formation efficiency of unobscured quasars, in line with predictions from AGN-galaxy co-evolutionary scenarios. Further measurements of the (sub)mm continuum in this and similar sources are mandatory to obtain a robust observational picture of the AGN evolutionary sequence
Scaling laws to understand tidal dissipation   in fluid planetary regions and stars   I. Rotation, stratification and thermal diffusivity

International audienceContext. Tidal dissipation in planets and stars is one of the key physical mechanisms driving the evolution of star-planet and planet-moon systems. Several signatures of its action are observed in planetary systems thanks to their orbital architecture and the rotational state of their components.Aims. Tidal dissipation inside the fluid layers of celestial bodies is intrinsically linked to the dynamics and physical properties of those bodies. This complex dependence must be characterized.Methods. We compute the tidal kinetic energy dissipated by viscous friction and thermal diffusion in a rotating local fluid Cartesian section of a star, planet, or moon submitted to a periodic tidal forcing. The properties of tidal gravito-inertial waves excited by the perturbation are derived analytically as explicit functions of the tidal frequency and local fluid parameters (i.e. the rotation, the buoyancy frequency characterizing the entropy stratification, viscous and thermal diffusivities) for periodic normal modes.Results. The sensitivity of the resulting dissipation frequency-spectra, which could be highly resonant, to a control parameter of the system is either important or negligible depending on the position in the regime diagram relevant for planetary and stellar interiors. For corresponding asymptotic behaviours of tidal gravito-inertial waves dissipated by viscous friction and thermal diffusion, scaling laws for the frequencies, number, width, height, and contrast with the non-resonant background of resonances are derived to quantify these variations.Conclusions. We characterize the strong impact of the internal physics and dynamics of fluid planetary layers and stars on the dissipation of tidal kinetic energy in their bulk. We point out the key control parameters that really play a role in tidal dissipation and demonstrate how it is now necessary to develop ab initio modelling for tidal dissipation in celestial bodies
Identification and characterization of the nano-sized vesicles\ud
released by muscle cells

Several cell types secrete small membranous vesicles that contain cell-specific collections of proteins, lipids, and genetic material. The function of these vesicles is to allow cell-to-cell signaling and the horizontal transfer of their cargo molecules. Here, we demonstrate that muscle cells secrete nano-sized vesicles and that their release increases during muscle differentiation. Analysis of these nanovesicles allowed us to characterize them as exosome-like particles and to define the potential role of the multifunctional protein Alix in their biogenesis
Predicting atomic dopant solvation in helium clusters: The MgHen case

We present a quantum Monte Carlo study of the solvation and spectroscopic properties of the Mg-doped helium clusters MgHen with n=2-50. Three high-level [MP4, CCSD(T), and CCSDT] MgHe interaction potentials have been used to study the sensitivity of the dopant location on the shape of the pair interaction. Despite the similar MgHe well depth, the pair distribution functions obtained in the diffusion Monte Carlo simulations markedly differ for the three pair potentials, therefore indicating different solubility properties for Mg in He-n. Moreover, we found interesting size effects for the behavior of the Mg impurity. As a sensitive probe of the solvation properties, the Mg excitation spectra have been simulated for various cluster sizes and compared with the available experimental results. The interaction between the excited P-1 Mg atom and the He moiety has been approximated using the diatomics-in-molecules method and the two excited (1)Pi and (1)Sigma MgHe potentials. The shape of the simulated MgHe50 spectra shows a substantial dependency on the location of the Mg impurity, and hence on the MgHe pair interaction employed. To unravel the dependency of the solvation behavior on the shape of the computed potentials, exact density-functional theory has been adapted to the case of doped He-n and various energy distributions have been computed. The results indicate the shape of the repulsive part of the MgHe potential as an important cause of the different behaviors. (C) 2005 American Institute of Physics
Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to jet pairs in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

Results are reported of a general search for pair production of heavy resonances decaying to pairs of jets in events with at least four jets. The study is based on up to 19.4 fb−1 of integrated luminosity from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. Limits are determined on the production of scalar top quarks (top squarks) in the framework of R-parity violating supersymmetry and on the production of color-octet vector bosons (colorons). First limits at the LHC are placed on top squark production for two scenarios. The first assumes decay to a bottom quark and a light-flavor quark and is excluded for masses between 200 and 385 GeV, and the second assumes decay to a pair of light-flavor quarks and is excluded for masses between 200 and 350 GeV at 95% confidence level. Previous limits on colorons decaying to light-flavor quarks are extended to exclude masses from 200 to 835 GeV
Search for strong production of supersymmetric particles in final states with missing transverse momentum and at least three b-jets at s√= 8 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

This paper reports the results of a search for strong production of supersymmetric
particles in 20.1 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV
using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search is performed separately in events with
either zero or at least one high-pT lepton (electron or muon), large missing transverse
momentum, high jet multiplicity and at least three jets identified as originated from the
fragmentation of a b-quark. No excess is observed with respect to the Standard Model
predictions. The results are interpreted in the context of several supersymmetric models
involving gluinos and scalar top and bottom quarks, as well as a mSUGRA/CMSSM
model. Gluino masses up to 1340 GeV are excluded, depending on the model, significantly
extending the previous ATLAS limits.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America
Low frequency of TERT promoter mutations in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).

Somatic mutations in the promoter region of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene, mainly at positions c. − 124 and
c. − 146 bp, are frequent in several human cancers; yet its presence in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has not been
reported to date. Herein, we searched for the presence and clinicopathological association of TERT promoter mutations in
genomic DNA from 130 bona fide GISTs. We found TERT promoter mutations in 3.8% (5/130) of GISTs. The c. − 124C4T
mutation was the most common event, present in 2.3% (3/130), and the c. − 146C4T mutation in 1.5% (2/130) of GISTs.
No significant association was observed between TERT promoter mutation and patient’s clinicopathological features. The present
study establishes the low frequency (4%) of TERT promoter mutations in GISTs. Further studies are required to confirm our
findings and to elucidate the hypothetical biological and clinical impact of TERT promoter mutation in GIST pathogenesis.This project was partially supported by Barretos Cancer Hospital internal
research funds (PAIP) and CNPq Universal Grant (476192/2013-7) to RMR.
NCC is a recipient of an FAPESP Doctoral Fellowship (2013/25787-3). Further
funding from the project ‘Microenvironment, metabolism and cancer’ that was
partially supported by Programa Operacional Regional do Norte (ON.2—O
Novo Norte) under the Quadro de Referência Estratégico Nacional (QREN)
and the Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER). IPATIMUP is
an Associate Laboratory of the Portuguese Ministry of Science, Technology and
Higher Education that is partially supported by the FCT