pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Answer set programming for computing decisions under uncertainty

Possibility theory offers a qualitative framework for modeling decision under uncertainty. In this setting, pessimistic and optimistic decision criteria have been formally justified. The computation by means of possibilistic logic inference of optimal decisions according to such criteria has been proposed. This paper presents an Answer Set Programming (ASP)-based methodology for modeling decision problems and computing optimal decisions in the sense of the possibilistic criteria.\ud
This is achieved by applying both a classic and a possibilistic ASP-based methodology in order to handle both a knowledge base pervaded with uncertainty and a prioritized preference base.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
Estimation of demand diversity and daily demand profile for off grid electrification in developing countries

Describes software downloadable from: https://github.com/peterboait/ESCoBox_Load_Model\ud
\ud
Open AccessThe potential for small self-contained grid systems to provide electricity for currently unserved regions of the developing world is widely recognised.  However planning and managing the electrical demand that will be supported, so that a mini-grid system is not overloaded and its available resource is used as fully as possible, is actually more difficult than for a large scale grid system.  This paper discusses the mathematical reasons why this is the case, and describes a practical software tool for mini-grid demand estimation and planning that is complementary to the widely used HOMER software.  This software tool is made available for download on an open source basis.  Finally a conclusion is offered that mini-grid systems should aim to serve at least 50 households so that demand variability is more manageable and economies of scale can be realised
Yang-Baxter sigma models and Lax pairs arising from $\kappa$-Poincar\'e
  $r$-matrices

We study Yang-Baxter sigma models with deformed 4D Minkowski spacetimes
arising from classical $r$-matrices associated with $\kappa$-deformations of
the Poincar\'e algebra. These classical $\kappa$-Poincar\'e $r$-matrices
describe three kinds of deformations: 1) the standard deformation, 2) the
tachyonic deformation, and 3) the light-cone deformation. For each deformation,
the metric and two-form $B$-field are computed from the associated $r$-matrix.
The first two deformations, related to the modified classical Yang-Baxter
equation, lead to T-duals of dS$_4$ and AdS$_4$\,, respectively. The third
deformation, associated with the homogeneous classical Yang-Baxter equation,
leads to a time-dependent pp-wave background. Finally, we construct a Lax pair
for the generalized $\kappa$-Poincar\'e $r$-matrix that unifies the three kinds
of deformations mentioned above as special cases.Comment: 31 pages, v2: some clarifications and references added, published
  versio
Trigonometric version of quantum-classical duality in integrable systems

We extend the quantum-classical duality to the trigonometric (hyperbolic)
case. The duality establishes an explicit relationship between the classical
N-body trigonometric Ruijsenaars-Schneider model and the inhomogeneous twisted
XXZ spin chain on N sites. Similarly to the rational version, the spin chain
data fixes a certain Lagrangian submanifold in the phase space of the classical
integrable system. The inhomogeneity parameters are equal to the coordinates of
particles while the velocities of classical particles are proportional to the
eigenvalues of the spin chain Hamiltonians (residues of the properly normalized
transfer matrix). In the rational version of the duality, the action variables
of the Ruijsenaars-Schneider model are equal to the twist parameters with some
multiplicities defined by quantum (occupation) numbers. In contrast to the
rational version, in the trigonometric case there is a splitting of the
spectrum of action variables (eigenvalues of the classical Lax matrix). The
limit corresponding to the classical Calogero-Sutherland system and quantum
trigonometric Gaudin model is also described as well as the XX limit to free
fermions.Comment: 14 page
Chaos in classical string dynamics in $\hat{\gamma}$ deformed $AdS_5
  \times T^{1,1}$

We consider a circular string in $\hat{\gamma}$ deformed $AdS_5 \times
T^{1,1}$ which is localized in the center of $AdS_5$ and winds around the two
circles of deformed $T^{1,1}$. We observe chaos in the phase space of the
circular string implying non-integrability of string dynamics. The chaotic
behaviour in phase space is controlled by energy as well as the deforming
parameter $\hat{\gamma}$. We further show that the point like object exhibits
non-chaotic behaviour. Finally we calculate the Lyapunov exponent for both
extended and point like object in support of our first result.Comment: 15 page
In vivo imaging with a cell-permeable porphyrin-based MRI contrast agent

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with molecular probes offers the potential to monitor physiological parameters with comparatively high spatial and temporal resolution in living subjects. For detection of intracellular analytes, construction of cell-permeable imaging agents remains a challenge. Here we show that a porphyrin-based MRI molecular imaging agent, Mn-(DPA-C[subscript 2])[subscript 2]-TPPS[subscript 3], effectively penetrates cells and persistently stains living brain tissue in intracranially injected rats. Chromogenicity of the probe permitted direct visualization of its distribution by histology, in addition to MRI. Distribution was concentrated in cell bodies after hippocampal infusion. Mn-(DPA-C2)2-TPPS3 was designed to sense zinc ions, and contrast enhancement was more pronounced in the hippocampus, a zinc-rich brain region, than in the caudate nucleus, which contains relatively little labile Zn[superscript 2+]. Membrane permeability, optical activity, and high relaxivity of porphyrin-based contrast agents offer exceptional functionality for in vivo imaging.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (grant DP2-OD2441)United States. Dept. of Defense (grant DAMD17-03-1-0413)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (grant R01-GM065519
Modification of jet shapes in PbPb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

The first measurement of jet shapes, defined as the fractional transverse momentum radial distribution, for inclusive jets produced in heavy-ion collisions is presented. Data samples of PbPb and pp collisions, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 150 μb−1 and 5.3 pb−1 respectively, were collected at a nucleon–nucleon centre-of-mass energy of √sNN = 2.76 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm with a distance parameter R = 0.3, and the jet shapes are measured for charged particles with transverse momentum pT &gt; 1 GeV/c. The jet shapes measured in PbPb collisions in different collision centralities are compared to reference distributions based on the pp data. A centrality- dependent modification of the jet shapes is observed in the more central PbPb collisions, indicating a redistribution of the energy inside the jet cone. This measurement provides information about the parton shower mechanism in the hot and dense medium produced in heavy-ion collisions
An above-barrier narrow resonance in $^{15}$F

8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, Submitted to Phys. Lett. B, expérience GANIL/SPIRAL/LISEInternational audienceIntense and purified radioactive beam of post-accelerated $^{14}$O was used to study the low-lying states in the unbound $^{15}$F nucleus. Exploiting resonant elastic scattering in inverse kinematics with a thick target, the second excited state, a resonance at E$_R$=4.757(6)(10)~MeV with a width of $\Gamma$=36(5)(14)~keV was measured for the first time with high precision. The structure of this narrow above-barrier state in a nucleus located two neutrons beyond the proton drip line was investigated using the Gamow Shell Model in the coupled channel representation with a $^{12}$C core and three valence protons. It is found that it is an almost pure wave function of two quasi-bound protons in the $2s_{1/2}$ shell
Search for direct pair production of the top squark in all-hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The results of a search for direct pair production of the scalar partner to the top quark using an integrated luminosity of 20.1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC are reported. The top squark is assumed to decay via or , where denotes the lightest neutralino (chargino) in supersymmetric models. The search targets a fully-hadronic final state in events with four or more jets and large missing transverse momentum. No significant excess over the Standard Model background prediction is observed, and exclusion limits are reported in terms of the top squark and neutralino masses and as a function of the branching fraction of . For a branching fraction of 100%, top squark masses in the range 270-645 GeV are excluded for masses below 30 GeV. For a branching fraction of 50% to either or , and assuming the mass to be twice the mass, top squark masses in the range 250-550 GeV are excluded for masses below 60 GeV
Search for production of vector-like quark pairs and of four top quarks in the lepton-plus-jets final state in pp collisions at root s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author)A search for pair production of vector-like quarks, both up-type (T) and down-type (B), as well as for four-top-quark production, is presented. The search is based on pp collisions at (Formula presented.) TeV recorded in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1. Data are analysed in the lepton-plus-jets final state, characterised by an isolated electron or muon with high transverse momentum, large missing transverse momentum and multiple jets. Dedicated analyses are performed targeting three cases: a T quark with significant branching ratio to a W boson and a b-quark (TT¯→Wb+X), and both a T quark and a B quark with significant branching ratio to a Higgs boson and a third-generation quark (TT¯→Ht+XandBB¯→Hb+X respectively). No significant excess of events above the Standard Model expectation is observed, and 95% CL lower limits are derived on the masses of the vector-like T and B quarks under several branching ratio hypotheses assuming contributions from T → Wb, Zt, Ht and B → Wt, Zb, Hb decays. The 95% CL observed lower limits on the T quark mass range between 715 GeV and 950 GeV for all possible values of the branching ratios into the three decay modes, and are the most stringent constraints to date. Additionally, the most restrictive upper bounds on four-top-quark production are set in a number of new physics scenarios
Elastic and anelastic relaxation behaviour of perovskite multiferroics II: PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 (PZT)–PbFe0.5Ta0.5O3 (PFT)

Elastic and anelastic properties of ceramic samples of multiferroic perovskites with nominal compositions across the binary join PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3–PbFe0.5Ta0.5O3 (PZT–PFT) have been assembled to create a binary phase diagram and to address the role of strain relaxation associated with their phase transitions. Structural relationships are similar to those observed previously for PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3–PbFe0.5Nb0.5O3 (PZT–PFN), but the magnitude of the tetragonal shear strain associated with the ferroelectric order parameter appears to be much smaller. This leads to relaxor character for the development of ferroelectric properties in the end member PbFe0.5Ta0.5O3. As for PZT–PFN, there appear to be two discrete instabilities rather than simply a reorientation of the electric dipole in the transition sequence cubic–tetragonal–monoclinic, and the second transition has characteristics typical of an improper ferroelastic. At intermediate compositions, the ferroelastic microstructure has strain heterogeneities on a mesoscopic length scale and, probably, also on a microscopic scale. This results in a wide anelastic freezing interval for strain-related defects rather than the freezing of discrete twin walls that would occur in a conventional ferroelastic material. In PFT, however, the acoustic loss behaviour more nearly resembles that due to freezing of conventional ferroelastic twin walls. Precursor softening of the shear modulus in both PFT and PFN does not fit with a Vogel–Fulcher description, but in PFT there is a temperature interval where the softening conforms to a power law suggestive of the role of fluctuations of the order parameter with dispersion along one branch of the Brillouin zone. Magnetic ordering appears to be coupled only weakly with a volume strain and not with shear strain but, as with multiferroic PZT–PFN perovskites, takes place within crystals which have significant strain heterogeneities on different length scales
Revisiting Leptogenesis in a SUSY SU(5) x T' Model of Flavour

We investigate the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe within
a SUSY SU(5) x T' model of flavour, which gives rise to realistic masses and
mixing patterns for quarks and leptons. The model employs the see-saw mechanism
for generation of the light neutrino masses and the baryon asymmetry is
produced via leptogenesis. We perform detailed calculations of both the CP
violating lepton asymmetries, originating from the decays of the heavy Majorana
neutrinos operative in the see-saw mechanism, and of the efficiency factors
which account for the lepton asymmetry wash-out processes in the Early
Universe. The latter are calculated by solving numerically the system of
Boltzmann equations describing the generation and the evolution of the lepton
asymmetries. The baryon asymmetry in the model considered is proportional to
the J_{CP} factor, which determines the magnitude of CP violation effects in
the oscillations of flavour neutrinos. The leptogenesis scale can be
sufficiently low, allowing to avoid the potential gravitino problem.Comment: 14 pages, 1 figure; published versio
THE COMPLEX ACCRETION GEOMETRY OF GX 339−4 AS SEEN BY NuSTAR AND Swift

International audienceWe present spectral analysis of five NuSTAR and Swift observations of GX 339−4 taken during a failed outburst in summer 2013. These observations cover Eddington luminosity fractions in the range ≈0.9–6%. Throughout this outburst, GX 339−4 stayed in the hard state, and all five observations show similar X-ray spectra with a hard power-law with a photon index near 1.6 and significant contribution from reflection. Using simple reflection models we find unrealistically high iron abundances. Allowing for different photon indices for the continuum incident on the reflector relative to the underlying observed continuum results in a statistically better fit and reduced iron abundances. With a photon index around 1.3, the input power-law on the reflector is significantly harder than that which is directly observed. We study the influence of different emissivity profiles and geometries and consistently find an improvement when using separate photon indices. The inferred inner accretion disk radius is strongly model dependent, but we do not find evidence for a truncation radius larger than 100 r g in any model. The data do not allow independent spin constraints but the results are consistent with the literature (i.e., a > 0). Our best-fit models indicate an inclination angle in the range 40–60 • , consistent with limits on the orbital inclination but higher than reported in the literature using standard reflection models. The iron line around 6.4 keV is clearly broadened, and we detect a superimposed narrow core as well. This core originates from a fluorescence region outside the influence of the strong gravity of the black hole and we discuss possible geometries
Periodic formation and propagation of double layers in the expanding chamber of an inductive discharge operating in Ar/ SF 6 mixtures

International audienceIt has previously been shown ͓Tuszewski et al., Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 12, 396 ͑2003͔͒ that inductive discharges in electronegative gases are subject to two types of instability: the source instability related to the E to H transition and a transport instability, occurring downstream when an expanding chamber is present. These two types of instability are observed in our " helicon " reactor operated without a static magnetic field in low-pressure Ar/ SF 6 mixtures. Temporally and spatially resolved measurements show that, in our experiment, the downstream instability is a periodic formation and propagation of a double layer. The double layer is born at the end of the source tube and propagates slowly to the end of the expansion region with a velocity of 150 m s −1
Visceral leishmaniasis: host-parasite interactions and clinical presentation in the immunocompetent and in the immunocompromised host.

Visceral leishmaniases are vector-borne parasitic diseases caused by protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. The heterogeneity of clinical manifestations and epidemiological characteristics of the disease reflect the complex interplay between the infecting Leishmania species and the genetic and immunologic characteristics of the infected host. The clinical presentation of visceral leishmaniasis depends strictly on the immunocompetency of the host and ranges from asymptomatic to severe forms. Conditions of depression of the immune system, such as HIV infection or immunosuppressive treatments, impair the capability of the immune response to resolve the infection and allow reactivation and relapses of the disease
Search for supersymmetry in events with a photon, a lepton, and missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A search for supersymmetry involving events with at least one photon, one electron or muon, and large missing transverse momentum has been performed by the CMS experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−119.7 fb−1 of pppp collisions at View the MathML sources=8 TeV, produced at the CERN LHC. No excess of events is observed beyond expectations from standard model processes. The result of the search is interpreted in the context of a general model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, where the charged and neutral winos are the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particles. Within this model, winos with a mass up to 360 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level. Two simplified models inspired by gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking are also examined, and used to derive upper limits on the production cross sections of specific supersymmetric processes
Measurement of the low-mass Drell-Yan differential cross section at s√ = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The differential cross section for the process Z/γ (∗) → ℓℓ (ℓ = e, μ) as a function of dilepton invariant mass is measured in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV at the LHC using the ATLAS detector. The measurement is performed in the e and μ channels for invariant masses between 26 GeV and 66 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 1.6 fb(−1) collected in 2011 and these measurements are combined. The analysis is extended to invariant masses as low as 12 GeV in the muon channel using 35 pb(−1) of data collected in 2010. The cross sections are determined within fiducial acceptance regions and corrections to extrapolate the measurements to the full kinematic range are provided. Next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD predictions provide a significantly better description of the results than next-to-leading-order QCD calculations, unless the latter are matched to a parton shower calculation.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZ. S, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America
Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum at √s = 8 TeV proton-proton collisions using the ATLAS experiment

Journal of High Energy Physics 2013.10 (2013): 130 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA search is presented for new particles decaying to large numbers (7 or more) of jets, with missing transverse momentum and no isolated electrons or muons. This analysis uses 20.3 fb-1 of pp collision data at √s = 8 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The sensitivity of the search is enhanced by considering the number of b-tagged jets and the scalar sum of masses of large-radius jets in an event. No evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of various simplified supersymmetry-inspired models where gluinos are pair produced, as well as an mSUGRA/CMSSM mode
Communication: transition state theory for dissipative systems without a dividing surface

The following article appeared in Journal of Chemical Physics 136.9 (2012): 091102 and may be found at http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/journal/jcp/136/9/10.1063/1.3692182Transition state theory is a central cornerstone in reaction dynamics. Its key step is the identification of a dividing surface that is crossed only once by all reactive trajectories. This assumption is often badly violated, especially when the reactive system is coupled to an environment. The calculations made in this way then overestimate the reaction rate and the results depend critically on the choice of the dividing surface. In this Communication, we study the phase space of a stochastically driven system close to an energetic barrier in order to identify the geometric structure unambiguously determining the reactive trajectories, which is then incorporated in a simple rate formula for reactions in condensed phase that is both independent of the dividing surface and exactSupport from MICINN–Spain under Contract Nos. MTM2009–14621 and i–MATH CSD2006–32 is gratefully acknowledge