pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Validity of Type D personality in Iceland: association with disease severity and risk markers in cardiac patients

Type D personality has been associated with poor prognosis in cardiac patients. This study investigated the validity of the Type D construct in Iceland and its association with disease severity and health-related risk markers in cardiac patients. A sample of 1,452 cardiac patients completed the Type D scale (DS14), and a subgroup of 161 patients completed measurements for the five-factor model of personality, emotional control, anxiety, depression, stress and lifestyle factors. The Icelandic DS14 had good psychometric properties and its construct validity was confirmed. Prevalence of Type D was 26-29%, and assessment of Type D personality was not confounded by severity of underlying coronary artery disease. Regarding risk markers, Type D patients reported more psychopharmacological medication use and smoking, but frequency of previous mental problems was similar across groups. Type D is a valid personality construct in Iceland, and is associated with health-related risk markers, but not cardiac disease severity
Waking up the Golden Dawn : does exposure to the refugee crisis increase support for extreme-right parties?

Published online: 31 January 2019Does exposure to the refugee crisis fuel support for extreme-right parties? Despite heated debates about the political repercussions of the refugee crisis in Europe, there exists very little—and sometimes conflicting—evidence with which to assess the impact of a large influx of refugees on natives’ political attitudes and behavior. We provide causal evidence from a natural experiment in Greece, where some Aegean islands close to the Turkish border experienced sudden and drastic increases in the number of Syrian refugees while other islands slightly farther away—but with otherwise similar institutional and socioeconomic characteristics—did not. Placebo tests suggest that precrisis trends in vote shares for exposed and nonexposed islands were virtually identical. This allows us to obtain unbiased estimates of the electoral consequences of the refugee crisis. Our study shows that among islands that faced a massive but transient inflow of refugees passing through just before the September 2015 election, vote shares for Golden Dawn, the most extreme-right party in Europe, moderately increased by 2 percentage points (a 44 percent increase at the average). The finding that mere exposure to the refugee crisis is sufficient to fuel support for extreme-right parties has important implications for our theoretical understanding of the drivers of antirefugee backlash
Highly asymmetric magnetic behavior in exchange biased systems induced by noncollinear ﬁeld cooling

This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics.A detailed study of the angular dependence of the magnetization reversal in polycrystalline ferromagnetic (FM)/antiferromagnetic Co/IrMn bilayers with noncollinear FM and unidirectional anisotropies shows a peculiar asymmetric magnetic behavior. The anisotropy configuration is set via a field cooling (FC) procedure with the magnetic field misaligned with respect to the easy magnetization direction of the FM layer. Different magnetization reversal modes are observed for either positive or negative angles with respect to the FC direction. The angular dependence of both coercivity and exchange bias also clearly displays the broken symmetry of the induced noncollinearity. Our findings are reproduced with a modified Stoner–Wohlfarth model including the induced anisotropy configuration. Our results highlight the importance of the relative angle between anisotropies in exchange bias systems, opening a new path for the tailoring of their magnetic properties
The XMM-Newton bright serendipitous survey. Identification and optical
  spectral properties

AIMS: We present the optical classification and redshift of 348 X-ray
selected sources from the XMM-Newton Bright Serendipitous Survey (XBS) which
contains a total of 400 objects (identification level = 87%). About 240 are new
identifications. In particular, we discuss in detail the classification
criteria adopted for the Active Galactic Nuclei population.
  METHODS: By means of systematic spectroscopic campaigns and through the
literature search we have collected an optical spectrum for the large majority
of the sources in the XBS survey and applied a well-defined classification
``flow-chart''.
  RESULTS: We find that the AGN represent the most numerous population at the
flux limit of the XBS survey (~10^-13 erg cm^-2 s^-1) constituting 80% of the
XBS sources selected in the 0.5-4.5 keV energy band and 95% of the ``hard''
(4.5-7.5 keV) selected objects. Galactic sources populate significantly the
0.5-4.5 keV sample (17%) and only marginally (3%) the 4.5-7.5 keV sample. The
remaining sources in both samples are clusters/groups of galaxies and normal
galaxies (i.e. probably not powered by an AGN). Furthermore, the percentage of
type2 AGN (i.e. optically absorbed AGNs with A_V>2mag) dramatically increases
going from the 0.5-4.5 keV sample (f=N_AGN2/N_AGN=7%) to the 4.5-7.5 keV sample
(f=32%). We finally propose two simple diagnostic plots that can be easily used
to obtain the spectral classification for relatively low redshift AGNs even if
the quality of the spectrum is not good.Comment: 14 pages plus 7 additional pages of table, accepted for publication
  on A&
Threshold anomalies in Horava-Lifshitz-type theories

Recently the study of threshold kinematic requirements for
particle-production processes has played a very significant role in the
phenomenology of theories with departures from Poincare' symmetry. We here
specialize these threshold studies to the case of a class of violations of
Poincare' symmetry which has been much discussed in the literature on
Horava-Lifshitz scenarios. These involve modifications of the energy-momentum
("dispersion") relation that may be different for different types of particles,
but always involve even powers of energy-momentum in the correction terms. We
establish the requirements for compatibility with the observed cosmic-ray
spectrum, which is sensitive to the photopion-production threshold. We find
that the implications for the electron-positron pair-production threshold are
rather intriguing, in light of some recent studies of TeV emissions by Blazars.
Our findings should also provide motivation for examining the fate of the law
of energy-momentum conservation in Horava-Lifshitz-type theories.Comment: LaTex, 6 page
Completion of $G$-spectra and stable maps between classifying spaces

We prove structural theorems for computing the completion of a G-spectrum at
the augmentation ideal of the Burnside ring of a finite group G. First we show
that a G-spectrum can be replaced by a spectrum obtained by allowing only
isotropy groups of prime power order without changing the homotopy type of the
completion. We then show that this completion can be computed as a homotopy
colimit of completions of spectra obtained by further restricting isotropy to
one prime at a time, and that these completions can be computed in terms of
completion at a prime.
  As an application, we show that the spectrum of stable maps from BG to the
classifying space of a compact Lie group K splits non-equivariantly as a wedge
sum of p-completed suspension spectra of classifying spaces of certain
subquotients of the product of G and K. In particular this describes the dual
of BG.Comment: Final version, to appear in Advances in Mathematic
Six-point gluon scattering amplitudes from Z_4-symmetric integrable
  model

We study six-point gluon scattering amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory
at strong coupling by investigating the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations of
the underlying Z_4-symmetric integrable model both analytically and
numerically. By the conformal field theory (CFT) perturbation, we compute the
free energy part of the remainder function with generic chemical potential near
the CFT/small mass limit. Combining this with the expansion of the Y-functions,
we obtain the remainder function near the small mass limit up to a function of
the chemical potential, which can be evaluated numerically. We also find the
leading corrections to the remainder function near the large mass limit. We
confirm that these results are in good agreement with numerical computations.Comment: 29 pages, 11 figures, v2: physical interpretations added, a figure
  removed, to appear in JHE
Simulations on the elastic response of amorphous and nanocomposite
  carbon

Theoretical calculations of the elastic response of carbon composites and
amorphous carbon are reported. The studied composites consist of crystalline
nanoinclusions, either spherical diamonds or carbon nanotubes, embedded in
amorphous carbon matrices. The elastic constants of the composites were
calculated and found to systematically increase as the density increases. The
elastic recovery under hydrostatic pressure for all structures was also
investigated and was found to be significantly high for both nanocomposite and
amorphous carbon, but decreases as the material becomes more dilute.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Diamond and Related Material
How localized is an extended quantum system ?

We elaborate on a geometric characterization of the electromagnetic
properties of matter. A fundamental complex quantity, z_{L}, is introduced to
study the localization properties of extended quantum systems. z_L, which
allows us to discriminate between conducting and non-conducting thermodynamic
phases, has an illuminating physical (and geometric) interpretation. Its phase
can be related to the expectation value of the position operator (and a Berry
phase), while its modulus is associated with quantum electric polarization
fluctuations (and a quantum metric). We also study the scaling behavior of z_L
in the one-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model.Comment: 5 pages; 1 figure (revtex
Solving the Altarelli-Parisi equations with truncated moments

The technique of truncated moments of parton distributions allows us to study
scaling violations without making any assumption on the shape of parton
distributions. The numerical implementation of the method is however difficult,
since the evolution equations for truncated moments are not diagonal. We
present a simple way to improve the efficiency of the numerical solution of the
evolution equations for truncated moments. As a result, the number of truncated
moments needed to achieve the required precision in the evolution is
significantly smaller than in the original formulation of the technique. The
method presented here can also be used to obtain the value of parton
distributions in terms of truncated moments, and therefore it can be viewed as
a technique for the solution of the Altarelli-Parisi equations.Comment: 10 pages Late
Multi-loop Amplitudes and Resummation

We explore the relation between resummation and explicit multi-loop
calculations for QCD hard-scattering amplitudes. We describe how the
factorization properties of amplitudes lead to the exponentiation of double and
single poles at each order of perturbation theory. For these amplitudes,
previously-observed relations between single and double poles in different 2 to
2 processes can now be interpreted in terms of universal functions associated
with external partons and process-dependent anomalous dimensions that describe
coherent soft radiation. Catani's proposal for multiple poles in
dimensionally-continued amplitudes emerges naturally.Comment: 14 pages, LateX2e using elsart.cls (included). Typographical errors
  corrected and expansion in renormalized coupling clarified. Thanks added to
  Z. Bern and L. Dixon for critical readings of the original versio
Large Direct CP Violation in B^0 -> pi^+ pi^- and an Enhanced Branching
  Ratio for B^0 -> pi^0 pi^0

Recent measurements of B^0 -> pi pi decays reveal two features that are in
conflict with conventional calculations: the channel B^0 (Bbar^0) -> pi^+ pi^-
shows a large direct CP-violating asymmetry, and the channel B^0 (B^0) -> pi^0
pi^0 has an unexpectedly high branching ratio. We show that both features can
be understood in terms of strong-interaction mixing of pi pi and D Dbar
channels in the isospin-zero state, an effect that is important because of the
large experimentally observed ratio Gamma(B^0 / Bbar^0 -> D^+ D^-) / Gamma (B^0
/ Bbar^0 -> pi^+ pi^-) approx. 50. Our dynamical model correlates the branching
ratios and the CP-violating parameters C and S, for the decays B^0 (Bbar^0) ->
pi^+ pi^-, B^0 (Bbar^0) -> pi^0 pi^0, B^0 (Bbar^0) -> D^+ D^- and B^0 (Bbar^0)
-> D^0 Dbar^0.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; v2: Misprint corrected in Eq. (12),
  second line: -a_m replaced by +a_m. To appear in Phys. Lett.
Reciprocal Space and Crystal Planes in Geometric Algebra

This contribution discusses the geometry of $k$D crystal cells given by
$(k+1)$ points in a projective space $\R^{n+1}$. We show how the concepts of
barycentric and fractional (crystallographic) coordinates, reciprocal vectors
and dual representati on are related (and geometrically interpreted) in the
projective geometric algebra $\R_{n+1}$ (see H. Grassmann, edited by F. Engel,
Sie Ausdehnungslehre von 1844 und die Geom. Anal., vol. 1, part 1, Teubner,
Leipzig, 1894.) and in the conformal algebra $\R_{n+1,1}$. The crystallographic
notions of $d$-spacing, phase angle (in structure factors), extinction of Bragg
reflections, and the interfacial angles of crystal planes are obtained in the
same context.Comment: 6 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
  arXiv:1306.164
Monte Carlo simulations of post-common-envelope white dwarf + main
  sequence binaries: comparison with the SDSS DR7 observed sample

Detached white dwarf + main sequence (WD+MS) systems represent the simplest
population of post-common envelope binaries (PCEBs). Since the ensemble
properties of this population carries important information about the
characteristics of the common-envelope (CE) phase, it deserves close scrutiny.
However, most population synthesis studies do not fully take into account the
effects of the observational selection biases of the samples used to compare
with the theoretical simulations. Here we present the results of a set of
detailed Monte Carlo simulations of the population of WD+MS binaries in the
Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7. We used up-to-date stellar
evolutionary models, a complete treatment of the Roche lobe overflow episode,
and a full implementation of the orbital evolution of the binary systems.
Moreover, in our treatment we took into account the selection criteria and all
the known observational biases. Our population synthesis study allowed us to
make a meaningful comparison with the available observational data. In
particular, we examined the CE efficiency, the possible contribution of
internal energy, and the initial mass ratio distribution (IMRD) of the binary
systems. We found that our simulations correctly reproduce the properties of
the observed distribution of WD+MS PCEBs. In particular, we found that once the
observational biases are carefully taken into account, the distribution of
orbital periods and of masses of the WD and MS stars can be correctly
reproduced for several choices of the free parameters and different IMRDs,
although models in which a moderate fraction (<=10%) of the internal energy is
used to eject the CE and in which a low value of CE efficiency is used (<=0.3)
seem to fit better the observational data. We also found that systems with
He-core WDs are over-represented in the observed sample, due to selection
effects.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Dynamic Topology and Flux Rope Evolution During Non-linear Tearing of 3D
  Null Point Current Sheets

In this work the dynamic magnetic field within a tearing-unstable
three-dimensional (3D) current sheet about a magnetic null point is described
in detail. We focus on the evolution of the magnetic null points and flux ropes
that are formed during the tearing process. Generally, we find that both
magnetic structures are created prolifically within the layer and are
non-trivially related. We examine how nulls are created and annihilated during
bifurcation processes, and describe how they evolve within the current layer.
The type of null bifurcation first observed is associated with the formation of
pairs of flux ropes within the current layer. We also find that new nulls form
within these flux ropes, both following internal reconnection and as adjacent
flux ropes interact. The flux ropes exhibit a complex evolution, driven by a
combination of ideal kinking and their interaction with the outflow jets from
the main layer. The finite size of the unstable layer also allows us to
consider the wider effects of flux rope generation. We find that the unstable
current layer acts as a source of torsional MHD waves and dynamic braiding of
magnetic fields. The implications of these results to several areas of
heliophysics are discussed.Comment: Submitted to Physics of Plasmas (12 pages, 12 figures
Pre-conditioned Backward Monte Carlo solutions to radiative transport in
  planetary atmospheres. Fundamentals: Sampling of propagation directions in
  polarising media

Context. The interpretation of polarised radiation emerging from a planetary
atmosphere must rely on solutions to the vector Radiative Transport Equation
(vRTE). Monte Carlo integration of the vRTE is a valuable approach for its
flexible treatment of complex viewing and/or illumination geometries and
because it can intuitively incorporate elaborate physics. Aims. We present a
novel Pre-Conditioned Backward Monte Carlo (PBMC) algorithm for solving the
vRTE and apply it to planetary atmospheres irradiated from above. As classical
BMC methods, our PBMC algorithm builds the solution by simulating the photon
trajectories from the detector towards the radiation source, i.e. in the
reverse order of the actual photon displacements. Methods. We show that the
neglect of polarisation in the sampling of photon propagation directions in
classical BMC algorithms leads to unstable and biased solutions for
conservative, optically-thick, strongly-polarising media such as Rayleigh
atmospheres. The numerical difficulty is avoided by pre-conditioning the
scattering matrix with information from the scattering matrices of prior (in
the BMC integration order) photon collisions. Pre-conditioning introduces a
sense of history in the photon polarisation states through the simulated
trajectories. Results. The PBMC algorithm is robust and its accuracy is
extensively demonstrated via comparisons with examples drawn from the
literature for scattering in diverse media. Since the convergence rate for MC
integration is independent of the integral's dimension, the scheme is a
valuable option for estimating the disk-integrated signal of stellar radiation
reflected from planets. Such a tool is relevant in the prospective
investigation of exoplanetary phase curves. We lay out two frameworks for disk
integration and, as an application, explore the impact of atmospheric
stratification on planetary phase curves...Comment: Accepted for publication in Section 15. Numerical methods and codes
  of Astronomy and Astrophysic
Seeking the Shadowing in eA Processes

We consider the behavior of the slope of the nuclear structure function
$F_2^A$ in the kinematic region which will be explored in the eA HERA collider.
We demonstrate that, similarly to the nucleon case, a `turn over' is predicted
in this observable. Moreover, we predict that the presence of the shadowing
corrections implies that the maximum value of the slope is dependent of the
number of nucleons A, differently from the DGLAP predictions. Our conclusion is
that the measurement of this observable will allow to evidentiate the presence
of the shadowing corrections.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur
Nonlocally regularized antibracket-antifield formalism and anomalies in chiral W$_{3}$ gravity

The nonlocal regularization method, recently proposed in ref.\,\ct{emkw91,kw92,kw93}, is extended to general gauge theories by reformulating it along the ideas of the antibracket-antifield formalism. From the interplay of both frameworks a fully regularized version of the field-antifield (FA) formalism arises, being able to deal with higher order loop corrections and to describe higher order loop contributions to the BRST anomaly. The quantum master equation, considered in the FA framework as the quantity parametrizing BRST anomalies, is argued to be incomplete at two and higher order loops and conjectured to reproduce only the one-loop corrections to the \hbar^p anomaly generated by the addition of O(\hbar^{k}), k<p, counterterms. Chiral W_3 gravity is used to exemplify the nonlocally regularized FA formalism. First, the regularized one-loop quantum master equation is used to compute the complete one-loop anomaly. Its two-loop order, however, is shown to reproduce only the modification to the two-loop anomaly produced by the addition of a suitable one-loop counterterm, thereby providing an explicit verification of the previous statement for p=2. The well-known universal two-loop anomaly, instead, is alternatively obtained from the BRST variation of the nonlocally regulated effective action. Incompleteness of the quantum master equation is thus concluded to be a consequence of a naive derivation of the FA BRST Ward identity
Non-commutative Bloch theory. An Overview

For differential operators which are invariant under the action of an abelian
group Bloch theory is the tool of choice to analyze spectral properties. By
shedding some new non-commutative light on this we motivate the introduction of
a non-commutative Bloch theory for elliptic operators on Hilbert C*-modules. It
relates properties of C*-algebras to spectral properties of module operators
such as band structure, weak genericity of cantor spectra, and absence of
discrete spectrum. It applies e.g. to differential operators invariant under a
projective group action, such as Schroedinger operators with periodic magnetic
field.Comment: 8 pages; final version, to appear in Rep. Math. Phys. (conference
  proceedings "XVII-th Workshop on Geometric Methods in Physics"
On double Hurwitz numbers in genus 0

We study double Hurwitz numbers in genus zero counting the number of covers
$\CP^1\to\CP^1$ with two branching points with a given branching behavior. By
the recent result due to Goulden, Jackson and Vakil, these numbers are
piecewise polynomials in the multiplicities of the preimages of the branching
points. We describe the partition of the parameter space into polynomiality
domains, called chambers, and provide an expression for the difference of two
such polynomials for two neighboring chambers. Besides, we provide an explicit
formula for the polynomial in a certain chamber called totally negative, which
enables us to calculate double Hurwitz numbers in any given chamber as the
polynomial for the totally negative chamber plus the sum of the differences
between the neighboring polynomials along a path connecting the totally
negative chamber with the given one.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure