pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Tri-Bimaximal Neutrino Mixing and Discrete Flavour Symmetries

We review the application of non-Abelian discrete groups to Tri-Bimaximal
(TB) neutrino mixing, which is supported by experiment as a possible good first
approximation to the data. After summarizing the motivation and the formalism,
we discuss specific models, mainly those based on A4 but also on other finite
groups, and their phenomenological implications, including the extension to
quarks. The recent measurements of \theta_13 favour versions of these models
where a suitable mechanism leads to corrections to \theta_13 that can naturally
be larger than those to \theta_12 and \theta_23. The virtues and the problems
of TB mixing models are discussed, also in connection with lepton flavour
violating processes, and the different approaches are compared.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. V3 submitted to add an acknowledgment
  to a network. Review written for the special issue on "Flavor Symmetries and
  Neutrino Oscillations", published in Fortschritte der Physik - Progress of
  Physic
The role of lepton flavor symmetries in leptogenesis

The presence of flavor symmetries in the lepton sector may have several
consequences for the generation of the baryon asymmetry of the Universe via
leptogenesis. We review the mechanism in general type-I, type-II and type-III
seesaw models. We then turn to the discussion of the cases when the asymmetry
is generated in the context of seesaw models extended with flavor symmetries,
before or after flavor symmetry breaking. Finally we explain how the interplay
between type-I and type-II seesaws can (or not) lead to viable models for
leptogenesis even when there is an exact mixing pattern enforced by the flavor
symmetry.Comment: 31 pages, 7 figures; version 2: references added. Review prepared for
  the special issue of the journal Fortschritte der Physik (Progress of
  physics) on "Flavor Symmetries and Neutrino Oscillations
Neutrino Mixings and the S4 Discrete Flavour Symmetry

Discrete non-Abelian Symmetries have been extensively used to reproduce the
lepton mixings. In particular, the S4 group turned out to be suitable to
describe predictive mixing patterns, such as the well-known Tri-Bimaximal and
the Bimaximal schemes, which all represent possible first approximations of the
experimental lepton mixing matrix. We review the main application of the S4
discrete group as a flavour symmetry, first dealing with the formalism and
later with the phenomenological implications. In particular, we summarize the
main features of flavour models based on S4, commenting on their ability in
reproducing a reactor angle in agreement with the recent data and on their
predictions for lepton flavour violating transitions.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Review written for the special issue
  on "Flavor Symmetries and Neutrino Oscillations", published in Fortschritte
  der Physik - Progress of Physic
Quantum Field Theory Analysis of Polarizations Correlations,
  Entanglement and Bell's Inequality: Explicit Processes

This paper provides explicit and detailed quantum field theory (QFT)
computations of polarizations correlations of emerging particles in several
processes in QED, Electroweak Theory, and even in particle productions from
strings, and hence are based on dynamical theries. The novel properties
observed in the computations of such polarizations correlations, as predicted
by QFT, is that they depend on the speed of the colliding particles, and, in
some cases, even on coupling parameters ratios as well as on mass ratios of the
underlying theory. These investigations clearly show that arguments based
simply on combining spins to generate probabilities of such polarization
correlations are not reliable. The novel properties obtained, with details of
derivations provided here, hopefully would call for experiments on
polarizations correlations which would monitor speeds of colliding particles,
and, would, in turn, lead to new tests of the fundamental interactions of QFT
such as of QED and of the Electroweak Theory.Comment: 16 page
Black Hole Quantum Mechanics in the Presence of Species

Recently within the context of a microscopic quantum theory, the Black Hole's
Quantum N-Portrait, it was shown that continuous global symmetries are
compatible with quantum black hole physics. In the present paper we revise
within the same framework the semi-classical black hole bound on the number of
particle species N_{species}. We show that unlike the bound on global charge,
the bound on species survives in the quantum picture and gives rise to a new
fundamental length-scale, L_{species} = sqrt{N_{species}} L_P$, beyond which
the resolution of species identities is impossible. This finding nullifies the
so-called species problem. This scale sets the size of the lightest quantum
black hole in the theory, Planckion.
  A crucial difference between the gravitational and non-gravitational species
emerges. For gravitational species, the lightest black holes are exactly at the
scale of perturbative unitarity violation, which is a strong indication for
self-UV-completion of gravity. However, non-gravitational species create a gap
between the perturbative unitarity scale and the lightest black holes, which
must be filled by some unitarity-restoring physics. Thus, self-UV-completion of
gravity implies that the number of non-gravitational species must not exceed
the gravitational ones.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figure
Finite Theories Before and After the Discovery of a Higgs Boson at the
  LHC

Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are N = 1 supersymmetric Grand Unified
Theories (GUTs) which can be made finite to all-loop orders, based on the
principle of reduction of couplings, and therefore are provided with a large
predictive power. Confronting the predictions of SU(5) FUTs with the top and
bottom quark masses and other low-energy experimental constraints a light
Higgs-boson mass in the range M_h \sim 121-126 GeV was predicted, in striking
agreement with the recent discovery of a Higgs-like state around \sim 125.5 GeV
at ATLAS and CMS. Furthermore the favoured model, a finiteness constrained
version of the MSSM, naturally predicts a relatively heavy spectrum with
coloured supersymmetric particles above \sim 1.5 TeV, consistent with the
non-observation of those particles at the LHC. Restricting further the best
FUT's parameter space according to the discovery of a Higgs-like state and
B-physics observables we find predictions for the rest of the Higgs masses and
the supersymmetric particle spectrum.Comment: 34 pages, 5 figures. Review prepared to appear in "Fortschritte der
  Physik". arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1101.2476,
  arXiv:1001.042
Cool horizons for entangled black holes

General relativity contains solutions in which two distant black holes are
connected through the interior via a wormhole, or Einstein-Rosen bridge. These
solutions can be interpreted as maximally entangled states of two black holes
that form a complex EPR pair. We suggest that similar bridges might be present
for more general entangled states.
  In the case of entangled black holes one can formulate versions of the
AMPS(S) paradoxes and resolve them. This suggests possible resolutions of the
firewall paradoxes for more general situations.Comment: 48 pages, 23 figures. v2: references adde
Lie algebroids, non-associative structures and non-geometric fluxes

In the first part of this article, the geometry of Lie algebroids as well as
the Moyal-Weyl star product and some of its generalizations in open string
theory are reviewed. A brief introduction to T-duality and non-geometric fluxes
is given. Based on these foundations, more recent results are discussed in the
second part of the article. On the world-sheet level, we will analyse closed
string theory with flat background and constant H-flux. After an odd number of
T-dualities, correlation functions allow to extract a three-product having a
pattern similar to the Moyal-Weyl product. We then focus on the target space
and the local appearance of the various fluxes. An algebra based on vector
fields is proposed, whose structure functions are given by the fluxes.
Jacobi-identities for vector fields allow for the computation of
Bianchi-identities. Based on the latter, we give a proof for a special Courant
algebroid structure on the generalized tangent bundle, where the fluxes are
realized by the commutation relations of a basis of sections. As reviewed in
the first part of this work, in the description of non-geometric Q- and
R-fluxes, the B-field gets replaced by a bi-vector \beta, which is supposed to
serve as the dual object to B under T-duality. A natural question is about the
existence of a differential geometric framework allowing the construction of
actions manifestly invariant under coordinate- and gauge transformations, which
couple the \beta-field to gravity. It turns out that Lie algebroids are the
right language to answer this question positively. We conclude by giving an
outlook on future directions.Comment: 105 pages, Ph.D. thesis of the autho
Revisiting toric SU(3) structures

Three-dimensional smooth compact toric varieties (SCTV) admit SU(3)
structures, and may thus be relevant for string compactifications, if they have
even first Chern class (c1). This condition can be fulfilled by infinitely many
SCTVs, including CP3 and CP1 bundles over all two-dimensional SCTVs. We show
that as long as c1 is even, toric SU(3) structures can be constructed using a
method proposed in arXiv:1005.2194. We perform a systematic study of the
parametric freedom of the resulting SU(3) structures, with a particular focus
on the metric and the torsion classes. Although metric positivity constrains
the SU(3) parameters, we find that every SCTV admits several toric SU(3)
structures and that parametric choices can sometimes be made to match
requirements of string vacua. We also provide a short review on the constraints
that an SU(3) structure must meet to be relevant for four-dimensional,
maximally symmetric N=1 or N=0 string vacua.Comment: 32 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor modifications, references adde
Inflation and Integrable one-field Cosmologies embedded in Rheonomic
  Supergravity

In this paper we show that the new approach to the embedding of the
inflationary potentials into supergravity, presented in a quite recent paper
[11] of Ferrara, Kallosh, Linde and Porrati can be formulated within the
framework of standard matter coupled supergravity, without the use of the new
minimal auxiliary set and of conformal compensators. The only condition is the
existence of a translational Peccei Quinn isometry of the scalar Kahler
manifold. We suggest that this embedding strategy based on a nilpotent gauging
amounts to a profound Copernican Revolution. The properties of the inflaton
potential are encoded in the geometry of some homogeneous one-dimensional
Kahler manifolds that now should be regarded as the primary object, possibly
providing a link with microscopic physics. We present a simple and elegant
formula for the curvature of the Kahler manifold in terms of the potential.
Most relevant consequence of the new strategy is that all the integrable
potentials quite recently classified in a paper [7] that we have coauthored,
are automatically embedded into supergravity and their associated Kahler
manifolds demand urgent study. In particular one integrable potential that
provides the best fit to PLANCK data seems to have inspiring geometrical
properties deserving further study.Comment: 26 pages, LaTex, 3 eps figures; v3: misprints correcte
Axial Symmetric Kahler manifolds, the D-map of Inflaton Potentials and
  the Picard-Fuchs Equation

In this paper we provide a definition of the D-map, namely of the
mathematical construction implicitly utilized by supergravity that associates
an axial symmetric Kahler surface to every positive definite potential function
V(phi). The properties of the D-map are discussed in general. Then the D-map is
applied to the list of integrable cosmological potentials classified by us in a
previous publication with A. Sagnotti. Several interesting geometrical and
analytical properties of the manifolds in the image of this D-map are
discovered and illustrated. As a by-product of our analysis we demonstrate the
existence of (integrable) Starobinsky-like potentials that can be embedded into
supergravity. Some of them follow from constant curvature Kahler manifolds. In
the quest for a microscopic interpretation of inflaton dynamics we present the
Ariadne's thread provided by a new mathematical concept that we introduce under
the name of axial symmetric descendants of one dimensional special Kahler
manifolds. By means of this token we define a clearcut algorithm that to each
potential function V(phi) associates a unique 4th order Picard-Fuchs equation
of restricted type. Such an equation encodes information on the chiral ring of
a superconformal field theory to be sought for, unveiling in this way a
microscopic interpretation of the inflaton potential. We conjecture that the
physical mechanism at the basis of the transition from a special manifold to
its axial symmetric descendant is probably the construction of an Open String
descendant of a Closed String model.Comment: 59 pages, LaTex, 18 eps figures, 2 tables; v2: misprints corrected,
  one reference added and some credit assessments reformulate
The Tensor Track, III

We provide an informal up-to-date review of the tensor track approach to
quantum gravity. In a long introduction we describe in simple terms the
motivations for this approach. Then the many recent advances are summarized,
with emphasis on some points (Gromov-Hausdorff limit, Loop vertex expansion,
Osterwalder-Schrader positivity...) which, while important for the tensor track
program, are not detailed in the usual quantum gravity literature. We list open
questions in the conclusion and provide a rather extended bibliography.Comment: 53 pages, 6 figure
p-wave superconductors in dilaton gravity

In this paper, we study peculiar properties of p-wave superconductors in
dilaton gravity. The scale invariance of the bulk geometry is effectively
broken due to the existence of dilaton. By coupling the dilaton to the
non-Abelian gauge field, i.e., $-\frac14 e^{-\beta \Phi}
F^a_{\mu\nu}F^{a\mu\nu}$, we find that the dissipative conductivity of the
normal phase decreases and approaches zero at the zero frequency as $\beta$
increases. Intuitively, the system behaves more and more like an insulator.
When the hairy solution is turned on, the system crosses a critical point to
the superconducting phase. We find that the critical chemical potential
decreases with the increasing of $\beta$ and the maximum height of the
conductivity is suppressed gradually which are consistent with our intuition
for insulator/supercondutor transition.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
M-strings, Elliptic Genera and N=4 String Amplitudes

We study mass-deformed N=2 gauge theories from various points of view. Their
partition functions can be computed via three dual approaches: firstly,
(p,q)-brane webs in type II string theory using Nekrasov's instanton calculus,
secondly, the (refined) topological string using the topological vertex
formalism and thirdly, M theory via the elliptic genus of certain M-strings
configurations. We argue for a large class of theories that these approaches
yield the same gauge theory partition function which we study in detail. To
make their modular properties more tangible, we consider a fourth approach by
connecting the partition function to the equivariant elliptic genus of R^4
through a (singular) theta-transform. This form appears naturally as a specific
class of one-loop scattering amplitudes in type II string theory on T^2, which
we calculate explicitly.Comment: 65 pages, a section on calculation of partition function using
  Nekrasov's instanton calculus is adde
On axionic dark matter in Type IIA string theory

We investigate viable scenarios with various axions in the context of
supersymmetric field theory and in globally consistent D-brane models. The
Peccei-Quinn symmetry is associated with an anomalous U(1) symmetry, which
acquires mass at the string scale but remains as a perturbative global symmetry
at low energies. The origin of the scalar Higgs-axion potential from F-, D- and
soft breaking terms is derived, and two Standard Model examples of global
intersecting D6-brane models in Type II orientifolds are presented, which
differ in the realisation of the Higgs sector and in the hidden sector, the
latter of which is of particluar importance for the soft supersymmetry breaking
terms.Comment: v2: references added; v1: 1+52 page
On the Gauged Kahler Isometry in Minimal Supergravity Models of
  Inflation

In this paper we address the question how to discriminate whether the gauged
isometry group G_Sigma of the Kahler manifold Sigma that produces a D-type
inflaton potential in a Minimal Supergravity Model is elliptic, hyperbolic or
parabolic. We show that the classification of isometries of symmetric cosets
can be extended to non symmetric Sigma.s if these manifolds satisfy additional
mathematical restrictions. The classification criteria established in the
mathematical literature are coherent with simple criteria formulated in terms
of the asymptotic behavior of the Kahler potential K(C) = 2 J(C) where the real
scalar field C encodes the inflaton field. As a by product of our analysis we
show that phenomenologically admissible potentials for the description of
inflation and in particular alpha-attractors are mostly obtained from the
gauging of a parabolic isometry, this being, in particular the case of the
Starobinsky model. Yet at least one exception exists of an elliptic
alpha-attractor, so that neither type of isometry can be a priori excluded. The
requirement of regularity of the manifold Sigma poses instead strong
constraints on the alpha-attractors and reduces their space considerably.
Curiously there is a unique integrable alpha-attractor corresponding to a
particular value of this parameter.Comment: 85 pages, LaTex, 32 jpg figures, 4 tables; v2: title and abstract
  slightly modified, some assessments improved and made more precise, two
  figures and one reference added, several misprints correcte
Holographic RG flow and the Quantum Effective Action

The calculation of the full (renormalized) holographic action is undertaken
in general Einstein-scalar theories. The appropriate formalism is developed and
the renormalized effective action is calculated up to two derivatives in the
metric and scalar operators. The holographic RG equations involve Ricci flow
for the space-time metric as well as the standard $\beta$-function flow for
scalar operators. Several examples are analyzed and the effective action is
calculated. A set of conserved quantities of the holographic flow is found,
whose interpretation is not yet understood.Comment: 85 pages, 6 figures. v2: three subsections and one appendix added
  with a more detailed discussion of local RG transformations, RG invariance of
  the renormalized action, trace identities and scheme dependence; discussion
  added about the distinction between RG-invariant and RG scale-dependent
  operators; details added in sections 6 and 7; typos corrected, references
  adde
Gauge Fields on Non-Commutative Spaces and Renormalization

Constructing renormalizable models on non-commutative spaces constitutes a
big challenge. Only few examples of renormalizable theories are known, such as
the scalar Grosse-Wulkenhaar model. Gauge fields are even more difficult, since
new renormalization techniques are required which are compatible with the
inherently non-local setting on the one hand, and also allow to properly treat
the gauge symmetry on the other hand. In this proceeding (which is based on my
talk given at the ``Workshop on Noncommutative Field Theory and Gravity'' in
Corfu/Greece, September 8 -- 15, 2013), I focus on this last point and present
new extensions to existing renormalization schemes (which are known to work for
gauge field theories in commutative space) adapted to non-commutative Moyal
space.Comment: 7 pages; talk given at the "Corfu Summer Institute - Workshop on
  Noncommutative Field Theory and Gravity" in Corfu/Greece, September 8 - 15,
  201
Iwasawa nilpotency degree of non compact symmetric cosets in N-extended
  Supergravity

We analyze the polynomial part of the Iwasawa realization of the coset
representative of non compact symmetric Riemannian spaces. We start by studying
the role of Kostant's principal SU(2)_P subalgebra of simple Lie algebras, and
how it determines the structure of the nilpotent subalgebras. This allows us to
compute the maximal degree of the polynomials for all faithful representations
of Lie algebras. In particular the metric coefficients are related to the
scalar kinetic terms while the representation of electric and magnetic charges
is related to the coupling of scalars to vector field strengths as they appear
in the Lagrangian. We consider symmetric scalar manifolds in N-extended
supergravity in various space-time dimensions, elucidating various relations
with the underlying Jordan algebras and normed Hurwitz algebras. For magic
supergravity theories, our results are consistent with the Tits-Satake
projection of symmetric spaces and the nilpotency degree turns out to depend
only on the space-time dimension of the theory. These results should be helpful
within a deeper investigation of the corresponding supergravity theory, e.g. in
studying ultraviolet properties of maximal supergravity in various dimensions.Comment: 40 page
Higgs mass in Noncommutative Geometry

In the noncommutative geometry approach to the standard model, an extra
scalar field - initially suggested by particle physicist to stabilize the
electroweak vacuum - makes the computation of the Higgs mass compatible with
the 126 GeV experimental value. We give a brief account on how to generate this
field from the Majorana mass of the neutrino, following the principles of
noncommutative geometry.Comment: Proceedings of the Corfou Workshop on noncommutative field theory and
  gravity, september 201
A Course on Noncommutative Geometry in String Theory

In this pedagogical mini course the basics of the derivation of the
noncommutative structures appearing in string theory are reviewed. First we
discuss the well established appearance of the noncommutative Moyal-Weyl
star-product in the correlation functions of open string vertex operators on a
magnetized D-brane. Second, we will review the most recent attempts to
generalize these concepts to the closed string moving in a nongeometric flux
background.Comment: 18 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the Workshop on
  Noncommutative Field Theory and Gravity, September 8 - 15, 2013, Corfu,
  Greece, v2: refs. adde
Conserved symmetries in noncommutative quantum mechanics

We consider a problem of the consistent deformation of physical system
introducing a new features, but preserving its fundamental properties. In
particular, we study how to implement the noncommutativity of space-time
without violation of the rotational symmetry in quantum mechanics or the
Lorentz symmetry in f{i}eld theory. Since the canonical (Moyal)
noncommutativity breaks the above symmetries one should work with more general
case of coordinate-dependent noncommutative spaces, when the commutator between
coordinates is a function of these coordinates. F{i}rst we describe in general
lines how to construct the quantum mechanics on coordinate-dependent
noncommutative spaces. Then we consider the particular examples: the Hydrogen
atom on rotationally invariant noncommutative space and the Dirac equation on
covariant noncommutative space-time.Comment: Proceedings of the Corfou Workshop on noncommutative field theory and
  gravity, september 201