pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A New Method to Search for High-redshift Clusters Using Photometric Redshifts

We describe a new method (Poisson probability method, PPM) to search for high-redshift galaxy clusters and groups by using photometric redshift information and galaxy number counts. The method relies on Poisson statistics and is primarily introduced to search for megaparsec-scale environments around a specific beacon. The PPM is tailored to both the properties of the FR I radio galaxies in the Chiaberge et al. sample, which are selected within the COSMOS survey, and to the specific data set used. We test the efficiency of our method of searching for cluster candidates against simulations. Two different approaches are adopted. (1) We use two z ~ 1 X-ray detected cluster candidates found in the COSMOS survey and we shift them to higher redshift up to z = 2. We find that the PPM detects the cluster candidates up to z = 1.5, and it correctly estimates both the redshift and size of the two clusters. (2) We simulate spherically symmetric clusters of different size and richness, and we locate them at different redshifts (i.e., z = 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0) in the COSMOS field. We find that the PPM detects the simulated clusters within the considered redshift range with a statistical 1σ redshift accuracy of ~0.05. The PPM is an efficient alternative method for high-redshift cluster searches that may also be applied to both present and future wide field surveys such as SDSS Stripe 82, LSST, and Euclid. Accurate photometric redshifts and a survey depth similar or better than that of COSMOS (e.g., I < 25) are required
the Syrian conflict and the Lebanese outbreak

Background

Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease, endemic in many worldwide foci including the Middle East. Several outbreaks have occurred in the Middle East over the past decades, mostly related to war-associated population migration. With the start of the Syrian war, the frequency and magnitude of these outbreaks increased alarmingly. We describe the epidemiology of Leishmania infection in Lebanon and the most recent outbreak relevant to the Syrian war.

Methods

We reviewed all leishmaniasis cases reported to the Epidemiologic Surveillance Department at the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health between 2001 and the first quarter of 2014. The demographics and distribution of Syrian refugees in Lebanon were linked to reports of new Leishmania cases.

Results

In total, 1033 new cases of leishmaniasis were reported in 2013 compared to a previous annual number in the range of 0–6 cases. The majority of cases reported in 2013 involved Syrian refugees and their relevant areas of concentration.

Conclusions

This new outbreak of leishmaniasis in Lebanon is the first of its kind for more than a decade. The sudden increase in Leishmania cases in Lebanon in 2013 is attributed to the increasing numbers and wide distribution of Syrian refugees in Lebanon. This serves as an example of the risks associated with military conflicts and the ability of communicable diseases to cross borders.PublishedN/
Search for associated production of dark matter with a Higgs boson decaying to b b-bar or gamma-gamma at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search for dark matter is performed using events with large missing transverse momentum and a Higgs boson decaying either to a pair of bottom quarks or to a pair of photons. The data from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in 2015 with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns. Results are interpreted in the context of a Z'-two-Higgs-doublet model, where the gauge symmetry of the standard model is extended to a U(1)[Z'] group, with a new massive Z' gauge boson, and the Higgs sector is extended with four additional Higgs bosons. In this model, a high-mass resonance Z' decays into a pseudoscalar boson A and a light SM-like Higgs boson, and the A decays to a pair of dark matter particles. No significant excesses are observed over the background prediction. Combining results from the two decay channels yields exclusion limits in the signal cross section in the m[Z']-m[A] phase space. For example, the observed data exclude the Z' mass range from 600 to 1860 GeV, for Z' coupling strength g[Z'] = 0.8, the coupling of A with dark matter particles g[chi] = 1, the ratio of the vacuum expectation values tan[beta] = 1, and m[A] = 300 GeV. The results of this analysis are valid for any dark matter particle mass below 100 GeV
The primitive spectrum of a basic classical lie superalgebra

We prove Conjecture 5.7 in Coulembier and Musson (Math. J., arXiv: 1409.2532), describing all inclusions between primitive ideals for the general linear superalgebra in terms of the Ext(1)-quiver of simple highest weight modules. For arbitrary basic classical Lie superalgebras, we formulate two types of Kazhdan-Lusztig quasi-orders on the dual of the Cartan subalgebra, where one corresponds to the above conjecture. Both orders can be seen as generalisations of the left Kazhdan-Lusztig order on Hecke algebras and are related to categorical braid group actions. We prove that the primitive spectrum is always described by one of the orders, obtaining for the first time a description of the inclusions. We also prove that the two orders are identical if category O admits 'enough' abstract Kazhdan-Lusztig theories. In particular, they are identical for the general linear superalgebra, concluding the proof of the conjecture
Chestnut and lemon balm based ingredients as natural preserving agents of the nutritional profile in matured "serra da Estrela" cheese

Chestnut flowers, lemon balm plants and their decoctions were incorporated into "Serra da Estrela" cheese, to assess their potential to preserve its nutritional properties and provide new foodstuffs. The analyses were carried out after the normal ripening period of 1 month and after 6 months of storage. The most abundant nutrients were proteins and fats. The most abundant minerals were Ca and Na, while C16:0 and C18:1 were the main fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids were the most abundant, followed by the monounsaturated. Moisture seemed to be lower in the samples with the plants incorporated. The dried plants, when incorporated, seemed to be more efficient as preservers then the decoctions, although these better preserved the proteins. These plants can be regarded as promising natural preservers in foodstuffs cheese, given the preservation of key parameters and the slight impact on the nutritional value.The authors are grateful to Queijos Casa Matias, Lda and Mais
Ervas, Lda. For providing the cheese and M. officinalis samples,
respectively. The authors also acknowledge PRODER project No.
46577-PlantLact, the Foundation for Science and Technology
(FCT, Portugal) for financial support to the CIMO research centre
(Pest-OE/AGR/UI0690/2014) and ALIMNOVA research group
(UCM-951505/2012), J.C.M. Barreira acknowledges the FCT for his
post-doctoral grant (BPD/72802/2010).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Cbx4 maintains the epithelial lineage identity and cell proliferation in the developing stratified epithelium

YesDuring development, multipotent progenitor cells establish lineage-specific programmers of gene activation and silencing underlying their differentiation into specialized cell types. We show that the Polycomb component Cbx4 serves as a critical determinant that maintains the epithelial identity in the developing epidermis by repressing nonepidermal gene expression programs. Cbx4 ablation in mice results in a marked decrease of the epidermal thickness and keratinocyte (KC) proliferation associated with activation of numerous neuronal genes and genes encoding cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (p16/p19 and p57). Furthermore, the chromodomain- and SUMO E3 ligase-dependent Cbx4 activities differentially regulate proliferation, differentiation, and expression of nonepidermal genes in KCs. Finally, Cbx4 expression in KCs is directly regulated by p63 transcription factor, whereas Cbx4 overexpression is capable of partially rescuing the effects of p63 ablation on epidermal development. These data demonstrate that Cbx4 plays a crucial role in the p63-regulated program of epidermal differentiation, maintaining the epithelial identity and proliferative activity in KCs via repression of the selected nonepidermal lineage and cell cycle inhibitor genes
The dynamics of bidding markets with financial constraints.

We develop a model of bidding markets with financial constraints à la Che and Gale [15] in which two firms choose their budgets optimally and we extend it to a dynamic setting over an infinite horizon. We provide three main results for the case in which the exogenous cash-flow is not too large and the opportunity cost of budgets is positive but arbitrarily low. First, firms keep small budgets and markups are high most of the time. Second, the dispersion of markups and “money left on the table” across procurement auctions hinges on differences, both endogenous and exogenous, in the availability of financial resources rather than on significant private information. Third, we explain why the empirical analysis of the size of markups based on the standard auction model may have a bias, downwards or upwards, positively correlated with the availability of financial resources. A numerical example illustrates that our model is able to generate a rich set of values for markups, bid dispersion and concentration
Search for the flavor-changing neutral current interactions of the top quark and the Higgs boson which decays into a pair of b quarks at √s=13 TeV

A search for flavor-changing neutral currents (FCNC) in events with the top
quark and the Higgs boson is presented. The Higgs boson decay to a pair of b quarks is considered. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb[superscript −1] recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV. Two channels are considered: single top quark FCNC production in association with the Higgs
boson (pp → tH), and top quark pair production with FCNC decay of the top quark (t →qH). Final states with one isolated lepton and at least three reconstructed jets, among which at least two are associated with b quarks, are studied. No significant deviation is observed from the predicted background. Observed (expected) upper limits at 95% confidence level
are set on the branching fractions of top quark decays, B(t → uH) < 0.47% (0.34%) and B(t → cH) < 0.47% (0.44%), assuming a single nonzero FCNC coupling. Keywords: FCNC Interaction, Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments), Higgs physics, Top physicsNational Science Foundation (U.S.
Multi-triangulations as complexes of star polygons

Maximal $(k+1)$-crossing-free graphs on a planar point set in convex
position, that is, $k$-triangulations, have received attention in recent
literature, with motivation coming from several interpretations of them.
  We introduce a new way of looking at $k$-triangulations, namely as complexes
of star polygons. With this tool we give new, direct, proofs of the fundamental
properties of $k$-triangulations, as well as some new results. This
interpretation also opens-up new avenues of research, that we briefly explore
in the last section.Comment: 40 pages, 24 figures; added references, update Section
Measurement of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections in proton-proton collisions at s√ = 7 TeV

Measurements of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections are presented using an integrated luminosity of 4.5 (4.8) fb−1 in the dimuon (dielectron) channel of proton-proton collision data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at s√ = 7 TeV. The measured inclusive cross section in the Z-peak region (60–120 GeV) is σ(ℓℓ) = 986.4 ± 0.6 (stat.) ± 5.9 (exp. syst.) ± 21.7 (th. syst.) ± 21.7 (lum.) pb for the combination of the dimuon and dielectron channels. Differential cross sections dσ/dm for the dimuon, dielectron, and combined channels are measured in the mass range 15 to 1500 GeV and corrected to the full phase space. Results are also presented for the measurement of the double-differential cross section d2σ/dm d|y| in the dimuon channel over the mass range 20 to 1500 GeV and absolute dimuon rapidity from 0 to 2.4. These measurements are compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD calculations at next-to-leading and next-to-next-to-leading orders using various sets of parton distribution functions
Square-planar metal(II) complexes containing ester functionalised bis(phosphino) amines: Mild P-N methanolysis and C-arene-H cyclometallation

Funding: EPSRC studentship and Infinium UK LtdThe synthesis of three new ester functionalised bis(phosphino)amines Ph2PN{R}PPh2 [R = C6H4(3-CO2Me) 1a; C6H3(3,5-CO2Me)(2) 1b; C6H4(4-CO2Me) 1c] upon stoichiometric reaction of Ph2PCl and the appropriate H2N{R} in Et2O is described. Reaction of 1 equiv. of 1a c with MCl2(cod) (M = Pt, Pd) in CH2Cl2 afforded the dichlorometal(II) complexes PtCl2(1a) 2a, PtCl2(1b) 2b, PtCl2(1c) 2c and PdCl2(1b) 2'b respectively. The corresponding dibromo (and diiodo) platinum(II) complexes 3b (and 4b) were synthesised, in > 80% isolated yields, from PtBr2(cod) or PtI2(cod). When a suspension of 2b in MeOH was stirred at r.t. for ca. 16 h the mixed complex cis-PtCl2[Ph2PNH{R}](Ph2POMe) 5a [R = C6H3(3,5-CO2Me)(2)] was cleanly generated. Metathesis of 5a using excess NaBr or NaI in MeOH/acetone afforded cisPtBr(2)[Ph2PNH{R}](Ph2POMe) 5b or cis-PtI2[Ph2PNH{R}](Ph2POMe) 5c. Methanolysis of PtCl2(1a) 2a at ambient temperature afforded, in low yield (18%), the regiospecific P, C-orthometallated complex cis-PtCl [Ph2PNH{C6H3(3-CO2Me)}](Ph2POMe) 6. We speculate the C - H activated complex 6 is obtained via initial formation of cis-PtCl2[Ph2PNH{C6H4(3-CO2Me)}](Ph2POMe) 7. A similar observation was also found using 2c whereupon examination of the isolated solid, by P-31{H-1} NMR spectroscopy, revealed formation of three complexes namely orthometallated cis-PtCl[Ph2PNH{C6H3(4-CO2Me)}](Ph2POMe) 9, cis-PtCl[Ph2PNH{C6H4(4-CO2Me)}](Ph2POMe) 10 and cis-PtCl2(Ph2POMe)(2) 8. All new compounds reported here have been characterised by multinuclear NMR and IR spectroscopy, microanalysis and in six cases by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The X-ray structure of cis-PtCl[Ph2PNH{C6H3(3-CO2Me)}]( Ph2POMe) 6 revealed selective C - H cycloplatination at the 6-position (as opposed to the 2-position) of the N-arene ring.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Simulations of gated Si nanowires and 3-nm junctionless transistors

Inspired by recent experimental realizations and theoretical simulations of
thin silicon nanowire-based devices, we perform predictive first-principles
simulations of junctionless gated Si nanowire transistors. Our primary
predictions are that Si-based transistors are physically possible without major
changes in design philosophy at scales of ~1 nm wire diameter and ~3 nm gate
length, and that the junctionless transistor may be the only physically
sensible design at these length scales. We also present investigations into
atomic-level design factors such as dopant positioning and concentration
A unique Z_4^R symmetry for the MSSM

We consider the possible anomaly free Abelian discrete symmetries of the MSSM
that forbid the mu-term at perturbative order. Allowing for anomaly
cancellation via the Green-Schwarz mechanism we identify discrete R-symmetries
as the only possibility and prove that there is a unique Z_4^R symmetry that
commutes with SO(10). We argue that non-perturbative effects will generate a
mu-term of electroweak order thus solving the mu-problem. The non-perturbative
effects break the Z_4^R symmetry leaving an exact Z_2 matter parity. As a
result dimension four baryon- and lepton-number violating operators are absent
while, at the non-perturbative level, dimension five baryon- and lepton-number
violating operators get induced but are highly suppressed so that the nucleon
decay rate is well within present bounds.Comment: 6 page
Interaction between LiH molecule and Li atom from state-of-the-art
  electronic structure calculations

State-of-the-art ab initio techniques have been applied to compute the
potential energy surface for the lithium atom interacting with the lithium
hydride molecule in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. The interaction
potential was obtained using a combination of the explicitly correlated
unrestricted coupled-cluster method with single, double, and noniterative
triple excitations [UCCSD(T)-F12] for the core-core and core-valence
correlation and full configuration interaction for the valence-valence
correlation. The potential energy surface has a global minimum 8743 cm^{-1}
deep if the Li-H bond length is held fixed at the monomer equilibrium distance
or 8825 cm^{-1} deep if it is allowed to vary. In order to evaluate the
performance of the conventional CCSD(T) approach, calculations were carried out
using correlation-consistent polarized valence X-tuple-zeta bases, with X
ranging from 2 to 5. The contribution beyond the CCSD(T)-F12 model, obtained
from full configuration interaction (FCI) calculations for the valence-valence
correlation, was shown to be very small. At linear LiH-Li geometries the
ground-state potential shows an avoided crossing with an ion-pair
potential.Using both adiabatic and diabatic pictures we analyse the interaction
between the two potential energy surfaces and its possible impact on the
collisional dynamics. When the LiH bond is allowed to vary, a seam of conical
intersections appears at C_{2v} geometries. At the linear LiH-Li geometry, the
conical intersection is at a Li-H distance which is only slightly larger than
the monomer equilibrium distance, but for nonlinear geometries it quickly
shifts to Li-H distances that are well outside the classical turning points of
the ground-state potential of LiH. Finally, the reaction channels for the
exchange and insertion reactions are also analyzed.Comment: 38 pages, 9 figure
Inter-layer edge tunneling and transport properties in separately
  contacted double-layer quantum Hall systems

A theory of transport in the quantum Hall regime is developed for separately
contacted double-layer electron systems. Inter-layer tunneling provides a
channel for equilibration of the distribution functions in the two layers at
the edge states. Resistances and transresistances for various configurations of
the electrodes are calculated as functions of the inter-layer tunneling
amplitude. Induced current in one of the layer by a current in the other is
calculated also. It is shown that reflection at the leads causes change in the
results for some electrode configurations. The results obtained in this work is
consistent with recent experiments.Comment: 4 pages, Revtex, 5 embedded eps figure
Collinear Photon Exchange in the Beam Normal Polarization Asymmetry of
  Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering

The parity-conserving single-spin beam asymmetry of elastic electron-proton
scattering is induced by an absorptive part of the two-photon exchange
amplitude. We demonstrate that this asymmetry has logarithmic and
double-logarithmic enhancement due to contributions of hard collinear
quasi-real photons. An optical theorem is used to evaluate the asymmetry in
terms of the total photoproduction cross section on the proton, predicting its
magnitude at a few parts per million for high electon beam energies and small
scattering angles. At fixed 4-momentum transfers, the asymmetry is rising
logarithmically with increasing electron beam energy, following the high-energy
diffractive behavior of total photoproduction cross section on the proton.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, Corrected an algebraic error in Eq.(17), other
  formulas and plots changed accordingl
GRO J1008-57: an (almost) predictable transient X-ray binary

A study of archival RXTE, Swift, and Suzaku pointed observations of the
transient high mass X-ray binary GRO J1008-57 is presented. A new orbital
ephemeris based on pulse arrival timing shows times of maximum luminosities
during outbursts of GRO J1008-57 to be close to periastron at orbital phase
-0.03. This makes the source one of a few for which outburst dates can be
predicted with very high precision.
  Spectra of the source in 2005, 2007, and 2011 can be well described by a
simple power law with high energy cutoff and an additional black body at lower
energies. The photon index of the power law and the black body flux only depend
on the 15-50 keV source flux. No apparent hysteresis effects are seen. These
correlations allow to predict the evolution of the pulsar's X-ray spectral
shape over all outbursts as a function of just one parameter, the source's
flux. If modified by an additional soft component, this prediction even holds
during GRO J1008-57's 2012 type II outburst.Comment: A&A accepted on 13 May 2013, 15 pages, 16 figure
Performance of jet substructure techniques for large-R jets in
  proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

This paper presents the application of a variety of techniques to study jet
substructure. The performance of various modified jet algorithms, or jet
grooming techniques, for several jet types and event topologies is investigated
for jets with transverse momentum larger than 300 GeV. Properties of jets
subjected to the mass-drop filtering, trimming, and pruning algorithms are
found to have reduced sensitivity to multiple proton-proton interactions, are
more stable at high luminosity and improve the physics potential of searches
for heavy boosted objects. Studies of the expected discrimination power of jet
mass and jet substructure observables in searches for new physics are also
presented. Event samples enriched in boosted W and Z bosons and top-quark pairs
are used to study both the individual jet invariant mass scales and the
efficacy of algorithms to tag boosted hadronic objects. The analyses presented
use the full 2011 ATLAS dataset, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
4.7 +/- 0.1 /fb from proton-proton collisions produced by the Large Hadron
Collider at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV.Comment: 72 pages plus author list (93 pages total), 125 figures, 2 tables,
  submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/PERF-2012-02
Review on exact and perturbative deformations of the Einstein-Straus
  model: uniqueness and rigidity results

The Einstein-Straus model consists of a Schwarzschild spherical vacuole in a
Friedman-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) dust spacetime (with or without
\Lambda). It constitutes the most widely accepted model to answer the question
of the influence of large scale (cosmological) dynamics on local systems. The
conclusion drawn by the model is that there is no influence from the cosmic
background, since the spherical vacuole is static. Spherical generalizations to
other interior matter models are commonly used in the construction of lumpy
inhomogeneous cosmological models. On the other hand, the model has proven to
be reluctant to admit non-spherical generalizations. In this review, we
summarize the known uniqueness results for this model. These seem to indicate
that the only reasonable and realistic non-spherical deformations of the
Einstein-Straus model require perturbing the FLRW background. We review results
about linear perturbations of the Einstein-Straus model, where the
perturbations in the vacuole are assumed to be stationary and axially symmetric
so as to describe regions (voids in particular) in which the matter has reached
an equilibrium regime.Comment: 29 pages, 1 figur