pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Green-to-red light tuning by up-conversion emission via energy transfer in Er3+-Tm3+-codoped germanium-tellurite glasses

The luminescence properties through up-conversion emission process of Er3+-Tm3+-codoped germanium- tellurite glasses was carefully investigated by using UV-visible-near-infrared absorption spectroscopy, emission spectroscopy and lifetimemeasurement under near-infrared laser diode excitation at 976 nm. The glass samples were prepared by the conventional melt-casting technique. The Er3+ and Tm3+ ions act in this glass matrix as donor and acceptor, respectively, and can generate under 976 nm laser excitation a visible emission tunable from the green to the red color by varying the Tm3+ ion concentration. Two mechanisms are involved to obtain this up-conversion emission and its tunability from the green to the red light: (i) the excited state absorption (ESA) of Erbiumions Er3+:(4I11/2→4F7/2) and; (ii) the energy transfers (ETs) between Erbium Er3+ and Thulium Tm3+ ions. Such processes were studied by means of quantum efficiency and ET probability. It was verified that both of themdepend on the Tm3+ ion concentration. The relative intensity of the red emission was increased up to 2.6 times for the glasses containing 0.1 mol% and 1.0 mol% of Thulium oxide Tm2O3 if compared with the Erbium Er3+ single doped glass. The spectroscopic study presented in this work has permitted to fully describe the color rendering, ranging from green to red through yellow and orange, of the light emitted by the Er3+- Tm3+-codoped germanium-tellurite glasses under a low power laser diode excitation at 976 nm (30 mW).CAPESFAPESP (09/08978-4; 11/21293-0)CNPqCentre d'optique, photonique et laser (COPL)INCT - INOFCePO
Consensual unions in Central America : historical continuities and new emerging patterns

Central America has a long history of family formation via consensual union instead of formal marriage. The historically high levels of cohabitation have persisted throughout the twentieth century up to the present day and can be traced in the remarkably high levels of nonmarital childbearing in the region. This chapter reviews past and recent trends in the prevalence of consensual unions in six Central American countries – Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama – in order to ascertain whether cohabitation has reached an upper ceiling in the region and whether the apparent stability at the aggregate level conceals significant changes in cohabiting patterns across social groups. The analyses reveal that the expansion of cohabitation has not come to an end so far, largely because of the recent increase in consensual unions among the higher educated strata. The historically negative educational gradient of cohabitation remains largely in place, but differentials in union patterns across countries and across social groups have narrowed considerably in the past two decades
Jet mass and substructure of inclusive jets in root s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS experiment

Recent studies have highlighted the potential of jet substructure techniques to identify the hadronic decays of boosted heavy particles. These studies all rely upon the assumption that the internal substructure of jets generated by QCD radiation is well understood. In this article, this assumption is tested on an inclusive sample of jets recorded with the ATLAS detector in 2010, which corresponds to 35 pb⁻¹ of pp collisions delivered by the LHC at √s = 7 TeV. In a subsample of events with single pp collisions, measurements corrected for detector efficiency and resolution are presented with full systematic uncertainties. Jet invariant mass, kt splitting scales and N-subjettiness variables are presented for anti-ktR = 1.0 jets and Cambridge-Aachen R = 1.2 jets. Jet invariant-mass spectra for Cambridge-Aachen R = 1.2 jets after a splitting and filtering procedure are also presented. Leading-order parton-shower Monte Carlo predictions for these variables are found to be broadly in agreement with data. The dependence of mean jet mass on additional pp interactions is also explored.G. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M.J. White ... et al. (ATLAS Collaboration
Hyperprolactinemia and estimated dopamine D2 receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia: Analysis of the CATIE data

AbstractBackgroundLarge-scale data are still lacking on the relationship between serum prolactin concentration and dopamine D2 receptor occupancy in patients with schizophrenia treated with antipsychotics.MethodsThe dataset from 481 subjects (risperidone, N=172, olanzapine, N=211, and ziprasidone, N=98) who participated in Phase 1 of the Clinical Antipsychotic Trials in Intervention Effectiveness (CATIE) was used in the present analysis. Dopamine D2 receptor occupancy levels on the day of the measurement of serum prolactin level were estimated from plasma antipsychotic concentrations. A multivariate general linear model was used to examine effects of clinical and demographic characteristics, including estimated D2 occupancy levels, on serum prolactin concentrations. Individual subjects were divided into two groups, stratified by the presence of hyperprolactinemia. To evaluate the performance of this binary classification, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of consecutive cut-off points in the D2 occupancy were calculated.ResultsThe multivariate general linear model revealed that estimated D2 occupancy levels had significant effects on serum prolactin concentrations while any other variables failed to show significant effects. The cut-off point associated with 0.5 or greater, in both sensitivity and specificity with the greatest accuracy, was 73% (sensitivity, 0.58; specificity, 0.68; accuracy=0.64) (68–70% for risperidone, 77% for olanzapine, and 55% for ziprasidone.).ConclusionThe threshold for hyperprolactinemia in D2 occupancy may lie somewhat on a lower side of the established therapeutic window with antipsychotics (i.e. 65–80%). This finding highlights the need for the use of the lowest possible dose to avoid this hormonal side effect in the treatment of schizophrenia
Ticagrelor Enhances Adenosine-Induced Coronary Vasodilatory Responses in Humans

ObjectivesThis study was undertaken to determine if ticagrelor augments adenosine-induced coronary blood flow and the sensation of dyspnea in human subjects.BackgroundTicagrelor is a P2Y12 receptor antagonist that showed superior clinical benefit versus clopidogrel in a phase III trial (PLATO [Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes]). Ticagrelor has been shown to inhibit cell uptake of adenosine and enhance adenosine-mediated hyperemia responses in a dog model.MethodsIn this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 40 healthy male subjects were randomized to receive a single dose of ticagrelor (180 mg) or placebo in a crossover fashion. Coronary blood flow velocity (CBFV) was measured by using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography at rest after multiple stepwise adenosine infusions given before and after study drug, and again after the infusion of theophylline.ResultsTicagrelor significantly increased the area under the curve of CBFV versus the adenosine dose compared with placebo (p = 0.008). There was a significant correlation between ticagrelor plasma concentrations and increases in the area under the curve (p < 0.001). In both treatment groups, the adenosine-induced increase in CBFV was significantly attenuated by theophylline, with no significant differences between subjects receiving ticagrelor or placebo (p = 0.39). Furthermore, ticagrelor significantly enhanced the sensation of dyspnea during adenosine infusion, and the effects were diminished by theophylline.ConclusionsTicagrelor enhanced adenosine-induced CBFV and the sensation of dyspnea in these healthy male subjects via an adenosine-mediated mechanism. (Study to Assess the Effect of Ticagrelor on Coronary Blood Flow in Healthy Male Subjects; NCT01226602
Associated ZH production at hadron colliders: The fully differential NNLO QCD calculation

AbstractWe consider Standard Model Higgs boson production in association with a Z boson in hadron collisions. We present a fully exclusive computation of QCD radiative corrections up to next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO). Our calculation includes the Higgs boson decay to bottom quarks (b) in next-to-leading order QCD and the leptonic decay of the Z boson with finite-width effects and spin correlations. The computation is implemented in a parton level Monte Carlo program that makes possible to consider arbitrary kinematical cuts on the final-state leptons, the b jets and the associated QCD radiation, and to compute the corresponding distributions in the form of bin histograms. We assess the impact of QCD radiative effects in the boosted kinematics at the LHC and show that the inclusion of the NNLO corrections is crucial to control the pT spectrum of the Higgs boson candidate
Energy Assessment of A Pcm–Embedded Plaster: Embodied Energy Versus Operational Energy

AbstractPhase change materials (PCMs) are an emerging technology that can be integrated in building envelope components. PCMs are able to stabilise indoor air temperature and increase thermal energy storage especially in lightweight constructions. Within a research activity aimed at developing advanced plasters with improved thermal properties, a plaster which incorporates a microencapsulated paraffin-based PCM was developed. The paper highlights the importance of an overall analysis, facing both operational and embodied energy, since the expected decrease of the energy consumption during the operational stage difficultly counterbalances the high energy impact related to manufacturing processes
Measurement of the branching ratio of the KL→π+π− decay with the KLOE detector

AbstractWe present a measurement of the branching ratio of the CP violating decay KL→π+π− performed by the KLOE experiment at the ϕ factory DAΦNE. We use 328 pb−1 of data collected in 2001 and 2002, corresponding to ∼150 million tagged KL mesons. We find BR(KL→π+π−)=(1.963±0.012stat.±0.017syst.)×10−3. This branching ratio measurement is fully inclusive of final-state radiation. Using the above result, we determine the modulus of the amplitude ratio |η+−| to be (2.219±0.013)×10−3 and |ϵ| to be (2.216±0.013)×10−3
Application of Humic Sorbents for Pb2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ Ions Preconcentration from Aqueous Solutions

AbstractThe sorbent prepared by sequential treatment of silica gel by polyhexamethylene guanidine of linear structure and humic acids is suggested for sorption concentration of metal ions (Pb2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+) from aqueous solutions. Thermogravimetry and infrared spectroscopy have confirmed the success of the attachment of the humic acids onto modified silica surface. Sorption isotherms of lead (II), copper (II) and mercury (II) obtained in optimal conditions of metals sorption were analyzed by using Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. Structural model of surface of humic sorbent was proposed based on the obtained results. The results demonstrated the potential applicability of supramolecular humic sorbent in the preconcentration of metal ions from aqueous solution
Role of GALNT2 in the modulation of ENPP1 expression, and insulin signaling and action GALNT2: A novel modulator of insulin signaling

AbstractEctonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1 (ENPP1) inhibits insulin signaling and action. Understanding the mechanisms underlying ENPP1 expression may help unravel molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance. Recent data suggest a role of ENPP1-3′untraslated region (UTR), in controlling ENPP1 expression. We sought to identify trans-acting ENPP1-3′UTR binding proteins, and investigate their role on insulin signaling.By RNA pull-down, 49 proteins bound to ENPP1-3′UTR RNA were identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Among these, in silico analysis of genome wide association studies and expression profile datasets pointed to N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 2 gene (GALNT2) for subsequent investigations. Gene expression levels were evaluated by RT-PCR. Protein expression levels, IRS-1 and Akt phosphorylation were evaluated by Western blot. Insulin receptor (IR) autophosphorylation was evaluated by ELISA.GALNT2 down-regulation increased while GALNT2 over-expression reduced ENPP1 expression levels. In addition, GALNT2 down-regulation reduced insulin stimulation of IR, IRS-1 and Akt phosphorylation and insulin inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) expression, a key neoglucogenetic enzyme.Our data point to GALNT2 as a novel factor involved in the modulation of ENPP1 expression as well as insulin signaling and action in human liver HepG2 cells
Predictors of Carotid Occlusion Intolerance During Proximal Protected Carotid Artery Stenting

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify predictors of occlusion intolerance (OI) developing during proximal protected carotid artery stenting (CAS).BackgroundThe use of proximal embolic protection devices, such as endovascular occlusion, during CAS has been demonstrated to be particularly safe and effective. However, endovascular occlusion can expose the ipsilateral hemisphere to hypoperfusion and produce transient neurological symptoms (OI).MethodsFrom March 2010 to March 2012, 605 consecutive patients underwent proximal protected CAS at our institution. To identify independent predictors of OI, a multivariate logistic regression model was developed that included all patients’ clinical/angiographic and procedural characteristics.ResultsOI developed in a total of 184 patients (30.4%). Compared with patients in whom OI did not develop, those who experienced OI had lower occlusion pressure (OP) (42.3 ± 12.7 mm Hg vs. 61.9 ± 15.4 mm Hg, p < 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that OP was the most consistent predictor of OI with a C-statistic of 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82 to 0.88) with best cutoff being ≤40 mm Hg (sensitivity, 68.5%; specificity, 93.3%). By logistic regression analysis, the most powerful independent predictor of OI developing was an OP ≤40 mm Hg (odds ratio: 33.2, 95% CI: 19.1 to 57.7) and the most powerful clinical predictor of such OP was the presence of contralateral internal carotid artery occlusion (odds ratio: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 to 6.2).ConclusionsOI may occur in as many as one-third of the patients undergoing proximal protected CAS. This event is more common in those patients with an OP ≤40 mm Hg. Patients presenting with concomitant occlusion of the contralateral internal carotid artery more frequently have an OP ≤40 mm Hg
Internal U, Th and Rb concentrations of alkali-feldspar grains: Implications for luminescence dating

AbstractThis study assesses whether internal U, Th and Rb concentrations of single grains of alkali-feldspar can impact upon luminescence dating. Internal alpha dose-rates determined for two sedimentary samples calculated from mean U and Th concentrations accounted for ∼10% of the total dose-rates, while internal beta dose-rates from mean Rb concentrations accounted for ∼2%. Depth profiles of measurements penetrating into each grain show that internal U and Th concentrations varied between grains, where some grains had effective internal alpha dose-rates up to 1.8 Gy/ka (32% of the total dose-rate). K concentrations inferred from Rb (KRb) for individual grains suggest that internal U and Th concentrations are related to the feldspar composition. Grains with KRb > 6% had low U and Th, and grains with KRb < 6% had higher U and Th concentrations. Internal alpha and beta dose-rates of the perthitic and Na-rich grains contaminating the density-separated K-feldspar fractions had a significant impact upon the single-grain De distributions, which was estimated to be equivalent to overdispersion values of ∼10 – 15%. The scatter in the De distributions arising from internal alpha and beta dose-rates for both samples could be reduced by selecting only the brightest 20% of grains for luminescence dating
To understand the rare decay Bs→π+π−ℓ+ℓ−

AbstractMotivated by the LHCb measurement, we analyze the Bs→π+π−ℓ+ℓ− decay in the kinematics region where the pion pairs have invariant masses in the range 0.5–1.3 GeV and muon pairs do not originate from a resonance. The scalar π+π− form factor induced by the strange s¯s current is predicted by the unitarized approach rooted in the chiral perturbation theory. Using the two-hadron light-cone distribution amplitude, we then can derive the Bs→π+π− transition form factor in the light-cone sum rules approach. Merging these quantities, we present our results for differential decay width which can generally agree with the experimental data. More accurate measurements at the LHC and KEKB in future are helpful to validate our formalism and determine the inputs in this approach
Single-Cell Gene Expression Analyses Reveal Heterogeneous Responsiveness of Fetal Innate Lymphoid Progenitors to Notch Signaling

SummaryT and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) share some aspects of their developmental programs. However, although Notch signaling is strictly required for T cell development, it is dispensable for fetal ILC development. Constitutive activation of Notch signaling, at the common lymphoid progenitor stage, drives T cell development and abrogates ILC development by preventing Id2 expression. By combining single-cell transcriptomics and clonal culture strategies, we characterize two heterogeneous α4β7-expressing lymphoid progenitor compartments. αLP1 (Flt3+) still retains T cell potential and comprises the global ILC progenitor, while αLP2 (Flt3−) consists of ILC precursors that are primed toward the different ILC lineages. Only a subset of αLP2 precursors is sensitive to Notch signaling required for their proliferation. Our study identifies, in a refined manner, the diversity of transitional stages of ILC development, their transcriptional signatures, and their differential dependence on Notch signaling
Charged scalar perturbations around Garfinkle–Horowitz–Strominger black holes

AbstractWe examine the stability of the Garfinkle–Horowitz–Strominger (GHS) black hole under charged scalar perturbations. Employing the appropriate numerical methods, we show that the GHS black hole is always stable against charged scalar perturbations. This is different from the results obtained in the de Sitter and anti-de Sitter black holes. Furthermore, we argue that in the GHS black hole background there is no amplification of the incident charged scalar wave to cause the superradiance, so that the superradiant instability cannot exist in this spacetime
Scaling violations of diffractive structure functions: operator approach

AbstractA quantum field theoretic treatment of inclusive deep-inelastic diffractive scattering is given. The process can be described in the general framework of non-forward scattering processes using the light-cone expansion in the generalized Bjorken region. Evolution equations of the diffractive hadronic matrix elements are derived at the level of the twist-2 contributions and are compared to those of inclusive deep-inelastic forward scattering (DIS). The diffractive parton densities are obtained as projections of two-variable parton distributions. We also comment on the higher twist contributions in the light-cone expansion
Search for heavy long-lived charged particles in pp collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractThe result of a search for heavy long-lived charged particles produced in pp collisions at s=7 TeV at the LHC is described. The data sample has been collected using the CMS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb−1. The inner tracking detectors are used to define a sample of events containing tracks with high momentum and high ionization energy loss. A second sample of events, which have high-momentum tracks satisfying muon identification requirements in addition to meeting high-ionization and long time-of-flight requirements, is analyzed independently. In both cases, the results are consistent with the expected background estimated from data. The results are used to establish cross section limits as a function of mass within the context of models with long-lived gluinos, scalar top quarks and scalar taus. Cross section limits on hyper-meson particles, containing new elementary long-lived hyper-quarks predicted by a vector-like confinement model, are also presented. Lower limits at 95% confidence level on the mass of gluinos (scalar top quarks) are found to be 1098 (737) GeV/c2. A limit of 928 (626) GeV/c2 is set for a gluino (scalar top quark) that hadronizes into a neutral bound state before reaching the muon detectors. The lower mass limit for a pair produced scalar tau is found to be 223 GeV/c2. Mass limits for a hyper-kaon are placed at 484, 602, and 747 GeV/c2 for hyper-ρ masses of 800, 1200, and 1600 GeV/c2, respectively
Decay constants of P-wave mesons

AbstractDecay constants of P-wave mesons are computed in the framework of instantaneous Bethe–Salpeter method (Salpeter method). By analyzing the parity and possible charge conjugation parity, we give the relativistic configurations of wave functions with definite parity and possible charge conjugation parity. With these wave functions as input, the full Salpeter equations for different P-wave states are solved, and the mass spectra as well as the numerical values of wave functions are obtained. Finally we compute the leptonic decay constants of heavy–heavy and heavy–light P03, P13 and P11 states
Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 2α Mutation-Related Paragangliomas Classify as Discrete Pseudohypoxic Subcluster

AbstractRecently, activating mutations of the hypoxia-inducible factor 2α gene (HIF2A/EPAS1) have been recognized to predispose to multiple paragangliomas (PGLs) and duodenal somatostatinomas associated with polycythemia, and ocular abnormalities. Previously, mutations in the SDHA/B/C/D, SDHAF2, VHL, FH, PHD1, and PHD2 genes have been associated with HIF activation and the development of pseudohypoxic (cluster-1) PGLs. These tumors overlap in terms of tumor location, syndromic presentation, and noradrenergic phenotype to a certain extent. However, they also differ especially by clinical outcome and by presence of other tumors or abnormalities. In the present study, we aimed to establish additional molecular differences between HIF2A and non-HIF2A pseudohypoxic PGLs. RNA expression patterns of HIF2A PGLs (n=6) from 2 patients were compared with normal adrenal medullas (n=8) and other hereditary pseudohypoxic PGLs (VHL: n=13, SDHB: n=15, and SDHD: n=14). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering showed that HIF2A PGLs made up a separate cluster from other pseudohypoxic PGLs. Significance analysis of microarray yielded 875 differentially expressed genes between HIF2A and other pseudohypoxic PGLs after normalization to adrenal medulla (false discovery rate 0.01). Prediction analysis of microarray allowed correct classification of all HIF2A samples based on as little as three genes (TRHDE, LRRC63, IGSF10; error rate: 0.02). Genes with the highest expression difference between normal medulla and HIF2A PGLs were selected for confirmatory quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, HIF2A PGLs show a characteristic expression signature that separates them from non-HIF2A pseudohypoxic PGLs. Unexpectedly, the most significantly differentially expressed genes have not been previously described as HIF target genes