pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Towards ℛ-matrix construction of Khovanov-Rozansky polynomials I. Primary T -deformation of HOMFLY

We elaborate on the simple alternative [1] to the matrix-factorization construction of Khovanov-Rozansky (KR) polynomials for arbitrary knots and links in the fundamental representation of arbitrary SL( N ). Construction consists of two steps: with every link diagram with m vertices one associates an m -dimensional hypercube with certain q -graded vector spaces, associated to its 2 m vertices. A generating function for q -dimensions of these spaces is what we suggest to call the primary T -deformation of HOMFLY polynovmial — because, as we demonstrate, it can be explicitly reduced to calculations of ordinary HOMFLY polynomials, i.e. to manipulations with quantum R -matrices, what brings the story completely inside the ordinary Chern-Simons theory. The second step is a certain minimization of residues of this new polynomial with respect to T + 1. Minimization is ambiguous and is actually specified by the choice of commuting cut-and-join morphisms, acting along the edges of the hypercube — this promotes it to Abelian quiver, and KR polynomial is a Poincare polynomial of associated complex, just in the original Khovanov’s construction at N = 2. This second step is still somewhat sophisticated — though incomparably simpler than its conventional matrix-factorization counterpart. In this paper we concentrate on the first step, and provide just a mnemonic treatment of the second step. Still, this is enough to demonstrate that all the currently known examples of KR polynomials in the fundamental representation can be easily reproduced in this new approach. As additional bonus we get a simple description of the DGR relation between KR polynomials and superpolynomials and demonstrate that the difference between reduced and unreduced cases, which looks essential at KR level, practically disappears after transition to superpolynomials. However, a careful derivation of all these results from cohomologies of cut-and-join morphisms remains for further studies
Priming healthy eating. You can't prime all the people all of the time

In the context of a food purchasing environment filled with advertising and promotions, and an increased desire from policy makers to guide individuals toward choosing healthier foods, this study tests whether priming methods that use healthy food adverts to increase preference for healthier food generalize to a representative population. MethodsIn two studies (Study 1 n = 143; Study 2 n = 764), participants were randomly allocated to a prime condition, where they viewed fruit and vegetable advertisements, or a control condition, with no advertisements. A subsequent forced choice task assessed preference between fruits and other sweet snacks. Additional measures included current hunger and thirst, dietary restraint, age, gender, education and self-reported weight and height. ResultsIn Study 1, hunger reduced preferences for fruits (OR (95% CI) = 0.38 (0.26–0.56), p < 0.0001), an effect countered by the prime (OR (95% CI) = 2.29 (1.33–3.96), p = 0.003). In Study 2, the effect of the prime did not generalize to a representative population. More educated participants, as used in Study 1, chose more fruit when hungry and primed (OR (95% CI) = 1.42 (1.13–1.79), p = 0.003), while less educated participants' fruit choice was unaffected by hunger or the prime. ConclusionThis study provides preliminary evidence that the effects of adverts on healthy eating choices depend on key individual traits (education level) and states (hunger), do not generalize to a broader population and have the potential to increase health inequalities arising from food choice.published_or_final_versio
Menopause as a predictor of new-onset asthma: A longitudinal Northern European population study.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked Files.\ud
This article is open access.There is limited and conflicting evidence on the effect of menopause on asthma.We sought to study whether the incidence of asthma and respiratory symptoms differ by menopausal status in a longitudinal population-based study with an average follow-up of 12 years.The Respiratory Health in Northern Europe study provided questionnaire data pertaining to respiratory and reproductive health at baseline (1999-2001) and follow-up (2010-2012). The study cohort included women aged 45 to 65 years at follow-up, without asthma at baseline, and not using exogenous hormones (n = 2322). Menopausal status was defined as nonmenopausal, transitional, early postmenopausal, and late postmenopausal. Associations with asthma (defined by the use of asthma medication, having asthma attacks, or both) and respiratory symptoms scores were analyzed by using logistic (asthma) and negative binomial (respiratory symptoms) regressions, adjusting for age, body mass index, physical activity, smoking, education, and study center.The odds of new-onset asthma were increased in women who were transitional (odds ratio, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.09-5.30), early postmenopausal (odds ratio, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.06-4.20), and late postmenopausal (odds ratio, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.31-9.05) at follow-up compared with nonmenopausal women. The risk of respiratory symptoms increased in early postmenopausal (coefficient, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.06-0.75) and late postmenopausal (coefficient, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.15-1.23) women. These findings were consistent irrespective of smoking status and across study centers.New-onset asthma and respiratory symptoms increased in women becoming postmenopausal in a longitudinal population-based study. Clinicians should be aware that respiratory health might deteriorate in women during reproductive aging
Plasma HDL cholesterol and risk of myocardial infarction: a mendelian randomisation study

Background High plasma HDL cholesterol is associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction, but whether this\ud
association is causal is unclear. Exploiting the fact that genotypes are randomly assigned at meiosis, are independent\ud
of non-genetic confounding, and are unmodifi ed by disease processes, mendelian random isation can be used to test\ud
the hypothesis that the association of a plasma biomarker with disease is causal.\ud
Methods We performed two mendelian randomisation analyses. First, we used as an instrument a single nucleotide\ud
polymorphism (SNP) in the endothelial lipase gene (LIPG Asn396Ser) and tested this SNP in 20 studies\ud
(20 913 myocardial infarction cases, 95 407 controls). Second, we used as an instrument a genetic score consisting of\ud
14 common SNPs that exclusively associate with HDL cholesterol and tested this score in up to 12 482 cases of\ud
myocardial infarction and 41 331 controls. As a positive control, we also tested a genetic score of 13 common SNPs\ud
exclusively associated with LDL cholesterol.\ud
Findings Carriers of the LIPG 396Ser allele (2·6% frequency) had higher HDL cholesterol (0·14 mmol/L higher,\ud
p=8×10–\ud
¹³) but similar levels of other lipid and non-lipid risk factors for myocardial infarction compared with noncarriers.\ud
This diff erence in HDL cholesterol is expected to decrease risk of myocardial infarction by 13% (odds ratio\ud
[OR] 0·87, 95% CI 0·84–0·91). However, we noted that the 396Ser allele was not associated with risk of myocardial\ud
infarction (OR 0·99, 95% CI 0·88–1·11, p=0·85). From observational epidemiology, an increase of 1 SD in HDL\ud
cholesterol was associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction (OR 0·62, 95% CI 0·58–0·66). However, a 1 SD\ud
increase in HDL cholesterol due to genetic score was not associated with risk of myocardial infarction (OR 0·93,\ud
95% CI 0·68–1·26, p=0·63). For LDL cholesterol, the estimate from observational epidemiology (a 1 SD increase in\ud
LDL cholesterol associated with OR 1·54, 95% CI 1·45–1·63) was concordant with that from genetic score (OR 2·13,\ud
95% CI 1·69–2·69, p=2×10–\ud
¹⁰).\ud
Interpretation Some genetic mechanisms that raise plasma HDL cholesterol do not seem to lower risk of myocardial\ud
infarction. These data challenge the concept that raising of plasma HDL cholesterol will uniformly translate into\ud
reductions in risk of myocardial infarction.\ud
Funding US National Institutes of Health, The Wellcome Trust, European Union, British Heart Foundation, and the\ud
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research.11577
Degradation mechanisms of bioresorbable polyesters. Part 1. Effects of random scission, end scission and autocatalysis

A mathematical model was developed to relate the degradation trend of bioresorbable polymers to different underlying hydrolysis mechanisms, including noncatalytic random scission, autocatalytic random scission, noncatalytic end scission or autocatalytic end scission. The effect of each mechanism on molecular weight degradation and potential mass loss was analysed. A simple scheme was developed to identify the most likely hydrolysis mechanism based on experimental data. The scheme was first demonstrated using case studies, then used to evaluate data collected from 31 publications in the literature to identify the dominant hydrolysis mechanisms for typical biodegradable polymers. The analysis showed that most of the experimental data indicates autocatalytic hydrolysis, as expected. However, the study shows that the existing understanding on whether random or end scission controls degradation is inappropriate. It was revealed that pure end scission cannot explain the observed trend in molecular weight reduction because end scission would be too slow to reduce the average molecular weight. On the other hand, pure random scission cannot explain the observed trend in mass loss because too few oligomers would be available to diffuse out of a device. It is concluded that the chain ends are more susceptible to cleavage, which produces most of the oligomers leading to mass loss. However, it is random scission that dominates the reduction in molecular weight.Peer-reviewedPost-prin
Exploring peer-mentoring for community dwelling older adults with chronic low back pain : a qualitative study.

Objectives\ud
\ud
To explore the perceptions of patients, physiotherapists, and potential peer mentors on the topic of peer-mentoring for self-management of chronic low back pain following discharge from physiotherapy.\ud
\ud
Design\ud
\ud
Exploratory, qualitative study.\ud
\ud
Participants\ud
\ud
Twelve patients, 11 potential peer mentors and 13 physiotherapists recruited from physiotherapy departments and community locations in one health board area of the UK.\ud
\ud
Interventions\ud
\ud
Semi-structured interviews and focus groups.\ud
\ud
Main outcome measures\ud
\ud
Participants’ perceptions of the usefulness and appropriateness of peer-mentoring following discharge from physiotherapy. Data were processed and analysed using the framework method.\ud
\ud
Results\ud
\ud
Four key themes were identified: (i) self-management strategies, (ii) barriers to self-management and peer-mentoring, (iii) vision of peer-mentoring, and (iv) the voice of experience. Peer-mentoring may be beneficial for some older adults with chronic low back pain. Barriers to peer-mentoring were identified, and many solutions for overcoming them. No single format was identified as superior; participants emphasised the need for any intervention to be flexible and individualised. Important aspects to consider in developing a peer-mentoring intervention are recruitment and training of peer mentors and monitoring the mentor-mentee relationship.\ud
\ud
Conclusions\ud
\ud
This study has generated important knowledge that is being used to design and test a peer-mentoring intervention on a group of older people with chronic low back pain and volunteer peer mentors. If successful, peer-mentoring could provide a cost effective method of facilitating longer-term self-management of a significant health condition in older people
A review on continuous-flow microfluidic PCR in droplets : advances, challenges and future

Significant advances have been made in developing microfluidic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) devices in the last two decades. More recently, microfluidic microdroplet technology has been exploited to perform PCR in droplets because of its unique features. For example, it can prevent crossover contamination and PCR inhibition, is suitable for single-cell and single molecule analyses, and has the potential for system integration and automation. This review will therefore focus on recent developments on droplet-based continuous-flow microfluidic PCR, and the major research challenges. This paper will also discuss a new way of on-chip flow control and a rational design simulation tool, which are required to underpin fully integrated and automated droplet-based microfluidic systems. We will conclude with a scientific speculation of future autonomous scientific discoveries enabled by microfluidic microdroplet technologies
The SPAIR method : Isolating incident and reflected directional wave spectra in multidirectional wave basins

Wave tank tests aiming to reproduce realistic or site specific conditions will commonly involve using directionally spread, short-crested sea states. The measurement of these directional characteristics is required for the purposes of calibrating and validating the modelled sea state. Commonly used methods of directional spectrum reconstruction, based on directional spreading functions, have an inherent level of uncertainty associated with them. In this paper we aim to reduce the uncertainty in directional spectrum validation by introducing the SPAIR (Single-summation PTPD Approach with In-line Reflections) method, in combination with a directional wave gauge array. A variety of wave conditions were generated in the FloWave Ocean Energy Research Facility, Edinburgh, UK, to obtain a range of sea state and reflection scenarios. The presented approach is found to provide improved estimates of directional spectra over standard methods, reducing the mean apparent directional deviation down to below 6% over the range of sea states. Additionally, the method isolates incident and reflected spectra in both the frequency and time domain, and can separate these wave systems over 360°. The accuracy of the method is shown to be only slightly sensitive to the level of in-line reflection present, but at present cannot deal with oblique reflections. The SPAIR method, as presented or with slight modification, will allow complex directional sea states to be validated more effectively, enabling multidirectional wave basins to simulate realistic wave scenarios with increased confidence
From dense hot Jupiter to low-density Neptune: The discovery of
  WASP-127b, WASP-136b and WASP-138b

We report three newly discovered exoplanets from the SuperWASP survey.
WASP-127b is a heavily inflated super-Neptune of mass 0.18 +/- 0.02 M_J and
radius 1.37 +/- 0.04 R_J. This is one of the least massive planets discovered
by the WASP project. It orbits a bright host star (Vmag = 10.16) of spectral
type G5 with a period of 4.17 days. WASP-127b is a low-density planet that has
an extended atmosphere with a scale height of 2500 +/- 400 km, making it an
ideal candidate for transmission spectroscopy. WASP-136b and WASP-138b are both
hot Jupiters with mass and radii of 1.51 +/- 0.08 M_J and 1.38 +/- 0.16 R_J,
and 1.22 +/- 0.08 M_J and 1.09 +/- 0.05 R_J, respectively. WASP-136b is in a
5.22-day orbit around an F9 subgiant star with a mass of 1.41 +/- 0.07 M_sun
and a radius of 2.21 +/- 0.22 R_sun. The discovery of WASP-136b could help
constrain the characteristics of the giant planet population around evolved
stars. WASP-138b orbits an F7 star with a period of 3.63 days. Its radius
agrees with theoretical values from standard models, suggesting the presence of
a heavy element core with a mass of ~10 M_earth. The discovery of these new
planets helps in exploring the diverse compositional range of short-period
planets, and will aid our understanding of the physical characteristics of both
gas giants and low-density planets.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in A&
Investigation of the role of $^{10}$Li resonances in the halo structure of $^{11}$Li through the $^{11}$Li(p, d)$^{10}$Li transfer reaction

International audienceThe first measurement of the one-neutron transfer reaction 11Li(p,d)10Li performed using the IRIS facility at TRIUMF with a 5.7AMeV11Li beam interacting with a solid H2 target is reported. The 10Li residue was populated strongly as a resonance peak with energy Er=0.62 ±0.04MeV having a total width $\Gamma$ = 0.33 ±0.07MeV. The angular distribution of this resonance is characterized by neutron occupying the 1p1/2orbital. A DWBA analysis yields a spectroscopic factor of 0.67 ±0.12for p1/2 removal strength from the ground state of 11Li to the region of the peak
Nanopaleomagnetism of meteoritic Fe–Ni studied using X-ray photoemission electron microscopy

X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM) enables natural remanent magnetisation to be imaged with ∼30 nm∼30 nm resolution across a field of view of 5–20 μm. The method is applied to structural features typical of the Widmanstätten microstructure (kamacite – tetrataenite rim – cloudy zone – plessite) in the Tazewell IIICD iron meteorite. Kamacite lamellae and the tetrataenite rim are multidomain, whereas plessite consists of laths of different phases displaying a range of stable magnetisation directions. The cloudy zone (CZ) displays a complex interlocking domain pattern resulting from nanoscale islands of tetrataenite with easy axes distributed along three possible crystallographic directions. Quantitative analysis of the coarse and intermediate CZ was achieved using a combination of image simulations and histogram profile matching. Remanence information was extracted from individual regions of interest ∼400 nm∼400 nm wide, demonstrating for the first time the capability of XPEEM to perform quantitative paleomagnetic analysis at sub-micron length scales. The three tetrataenite easy axis orientations occur with equal probability in the coarse and intermediate CZ, suggesting that spinodal decomposition in these regions was not strongly influenced by internal interaction fields, and that they are suitable candidates for future paleomagnetic studies. The fine CZ shows a strong dominance of one easy axis. This effect is attributed to island–island exchange interactions that render the fine CZ unsuitable for paleomagnetic study. Variations in the relative strength (proportion of dominant easy axis) and direction (direction of dominant easy axis) of a paleomagnetic field can be resolved from different regions of the CZ using XPEEM, raising the prospect of obtaining a time-resolved measurement of the active dynamo period in meteorites originating from the upper unmelted regions of differentiated asteroids (e.g. chondrites, pallasites, mesosiderites)
Memory Resilient Gain-scheduled State-Feedback Control of Uncertain
  LTI/LPV Systems with Time-Varying Delays

The stabilization of uncertain LTI/LPV time delay systems with time varying
delays by state-feedback controllers is addressed. At the difference of other
works in the literature, the proposed approach allows for the synthesis of
resilient controllers with respect to uncertainties on the implemented delay.
It is emphasized that such controllers unify memoryless and exact-memory
controllers usually considered in the literature. The solutions to the
stability and stabilization problems are expressed in terms of LMIs which allow
to check the stability of the closed-loop system for a given bound on the
knowledge error and even optimize the uncertainty radius under some performance
constraints; in this paper, the $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ performance measure is
considered. The interest of the approach is finally illustrated through several
examples
Absence of ground state for the Nelson model on static space-times

International audienceWe consider the Nelson model on some static space-times and investigate the problem of absence of a ground state. Nelson models with variable coefficients arise when one replaces in the usual Nelson model the flat Minkowski metric by a static metric, allowing also the boson mass to depend on position. We investigate the absence of a ground state of the Hamiltonian in the presence of the infrared problem, i.e. assuming that the boson mass $m(x)$ tends to $0$ at spatial infinity. Using path space techniques, we show that if $m(x)\leq C |x|^{-\mu}$ at infinity for some $C>0$ and $\mu>1$ then the Nelson Hamiltonian has no ground state
Eviction of a 125 GeV 'heavy'-Higgs from the MSSM

We prove that the present experimental constraints are already enough to rule out the possibility of the ~125 GeV Higgs found at LHC being the second lightest Higgs in a general MSSM context, even with explicit CP violation in the Higgs potential. Contrary to previous studies, we are able to eliminate this possibility analytically, using simple expressions for a relatively small number of observables. We show that the present LHC constraints on the diphoton signal strength, tau-tau production through Higgs and BR(B -> X_s gamma) are enough to preclude the possibility of H_2 being the observed Higgs with m_H~125 GeV within an MSSM context, without leaving room for finely tuned cancellations. As a by-product, we also comment on the difficulties of an MSSM interpretation of the excess in the gamma-gamma production cross section recently found at CMS that could correspond to a second Higgs resonance at m_H~136 GeV
Study of hard double-parton scattering in four-jet events in $pp$
  collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV with the ATLAS experiment

Inclusive four-jet events produced in proton-proton collisions at a
centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV are analysed for the presence of
hard double-parton scattering using data corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of 37.3 pb$^{-1}$, collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The
contribution of hard double-parton scattering to the production of four-jet
events is extracted using an artificial neural network, assuming that hard
double-parton scattering can be approximated by an uncorrelated overlaying of
dijet events. For events containing at least four jets with transverse momentum
$p_{\mathrm{T}} \geq 20$ GeV and pseudorapidity $\eta \leq 4.4$, and at least
one having $p_{\mathrm{T}} \geq 42.5$ GeV, the contribution of hard
double-parton scattering is estimated to be $f_{\mathrm{DPS}} = 0.092
^{+0.005}_{-0.011} (\mathrm{stat.}) ^{+0.033}_{-0.037} (\mathrm{syst.})$. After
combining this measurement with those of the inclusive dijet and four-jet
cross-sections in the appropriate phase space regions, the effective overlap
area between the interacting protons, $\sigma_{\mathrm{eff}}$, was determined
to be $\sigma_{\mathrm{eff}} = 14.9 ^{+1.2}_{-1.0} (\mathrm{stat.})
^{+5.1}_{-3.8} (\mathrm{syst.})$ mb. This result is consistent within the
quoted uncertainties with previous measurements of $\sigma_{\mathrm{eff}}$,
performed at centre-of-mass energies between 63 GeV and 8 TeV using various
final states, and it corresponds to $21^{+7}_{-6}$% of the total inelastic
cross-section measured at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV. The distributions of the
observables sensitive to the contribution of hard double-parton scattering,
corrected for detector effects, are also provided.Comment: 32 pages plus author list + cover pages (50 pages total), 15 figures,
  1 table, published in JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2015-08