pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
See Paris and… found a business? The impact of cross-cultural experience on opportunity recognition capabilities

AbstractInternationally mobile individuals such as migrants and expatriates exhibit a higher level of entrepreneurial activity than people without cross-cultural experience. Current research suggests that this pattern is rooted in specific resources and institutional arrangements that increase the attractiveness of exploiting entrepreneurial opportunities. In this study, we provide an additional explanation: We argue that cross-cultural experience increases the ability to recognize entrepreneurial opportunities. This argument is supported by two complementary studies—a longitudinal quasi-experiment and a priming experiment. We find convergent evidence that cross-cultural experience increases a person's capabilities to recognize particularly profitable types of opportunities by facilitating the application of cross-cultural knowledge for the discovery of arbitrage opportunities and creative recombination
Magnetic strings in Einstein–Born–Infeld-dilaton gravity

AbstractA class of spinning magnetic string in 4-dimensional Einstein-dilaton gravity with Liouville type potential which produces a longitudinal nonlinear electromagnetic field is presented. These solutions have no curvature singularity and no horizon, but have a conic geometry. In these spacetimes, when the rotation parameter does not vanish, there exists an electric field, and therefore the spinning string has a net electric charge which is proportional to the rotation parameter. Although the asymptotic behavior of these solutions are neither flat nor (A)dS, we calculate the conserved quantities of these solutions by using the counterterm method. We also generalize these four-dimensional solutions to the case of (n+1)-dimensional rotating solutions with k⩽[n/2] rotation parameters, and calculate the conserved quantities and electric charge of them
Neutrino induced hard exclusive Ds production

AbstractMotivated by the possibility to use high intensity neutrino beams for neutrino–nucleon scattering experiments we analyze charged current induced exclusive meson production within the framework of generalized parton distributions. The cross section for hard exclusive Ds production is estimated in this formalism to leading order in QCD. The integrated cross section proves to be sizable. It is shown that the considered process is well suited to provide novel information on the gluon structure of nucleons, which is contained in the generalized gluon parton distribution
Dissipation of excess energy triggered by blue light in cyanobacteria with CP43′ (isiA)

AbstractThe chlorophyll-protein CP43′ (isiA gene) induced by stress conditions in cyanobacteria is shown to serve as an antenna for Photosystem II (PSII), in addition to its known role as an antenna for Photosystem I (PSI). At high light intensity, this antenna is converted to an efficient trap for chlorophyll excitations that protects system II from photo-inhibition. In contrast to the ‘energy-dependent non-photochemical quenching’ (NPQ) in chloroplasts, this photoprotective energy dissipation in cyanobacteria is triggered by blue light. The induction is proportional to light intensity. Induction and decay of the quenching exhibit the same large temperature-dependence
A new characterization of P6-free graphs

AbstractWe study P6-free graphs, i.e., graphs that do not contain an induced path on six vertices. Our main result is a new characterization of this graph class: a graph G is P6-free if and only if each connected induced subgraph of G on more than one vertex contains a dominating induced cycle on six vertices or a dominating (not necessarily induced) complete bipartite subgraph. This characterization is minimal in the sense that there exists an infinite family of P6-free graphs for which a smallest connected dominating subgraph is a (not induced) complete bipartite graph. Our characterization of P6-free graphs strengthens results of Liu and Zhou, and of Liu, Peng and Zhao. Our proof has the extra advantage of being constructive: we present an algorithm that finds such a dominating subgraph of a connected P6-free graph in polynomial time. This enables us to solve the Hypergraph 2-Colorability problem in polynomial time for the class of hypergraphs with P6-free incidence graphs
Probing Pb+Pb collisions at SNN=2760 GeV with spectators

AbstractThere is event by event geometric as well as quantum fluctuations in the initial condition of heavy-ion collisions. The standard technique of analysing heavy-ion collisions in bins of centrality obtained from final state multiplicity averages out the various initial configurations and thus restricts the study to only a limited range of initial conditions. In this paper, we propose an additional binning in terms of total spectator neutrons in an event. This offers us a key control parameter to probe events with broader range of initial conditions providing us an opportunity to peep into events with rarer initial conditions which otherwise get masked when analysed by centrality binning alone. We find that the inclusion of spectator binning allows one to vary ε2 and ε3 independently. We observe that the standard scaling relation between v2/ε2 and 1SdNchdη exhibited by centrality bins is strongly broken by the spectator neutron bins. Further, the acoustic scaling relation between ln⁡(vn/εn) and transverse system size is also broken- the strength of the breaking being sensitive to the binning procedure. The introduction of the spectator binning allows us to tune over a wide range viscosity driven effects for events with varying initial states but similar final state multiplicity
Optimized Prognostic Score for Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography Results From the CONFIRM Registry (COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter Registry)

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to analyze the predictive value of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and to model and validate an optimized score for prognosis of 2-year survival on the basis of a patient population with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).BackgroundCoronary computed tomography angiography carries important prognostic information in addition to the detection of obstructive CAD. But it is still unclear how the results of CCTA should be interpreted in the context of clinical risk predictors.MethodsThe analysis is based on a test sample of 17,793 patients and a validation sample of 2,506 patients, all with suspected CAD, from the international CONFIRM (COronary CT Angiography EvaluatioN For Clinical Outcomes: An InteRnational Multicenter) registry. On the basis of CCTA data and clinical risk scores, an optimized score was modeled. The endpoint was all-cause mortality.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 2.3 years, 347 patients died. The best CCTA parameter for prediction of mortality was the number of proximal segments with mixed or calcified plaques (C-index 0.64, p < 0.0001) and the number of proximal segments with a stenosis >50% (C-index 0.56, p = 0.002). In an optimized score including both parameters, CCTA significantly improved overall risk prediction beyond National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) score as best clinical score. According to this score, a proximal segment with either a mixed or calcified plaque or a stenosis >50% is equivalent to a 5-year increase in age or the risk of smoking.ConclusionsIn CCTA, both plaque burden and stenosis, particularly in proximal segments, carry incremental prognostic value. A prognostic score on the basis of this data can improve risk prediction beyond clinical risk scores
Supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric Seiberg-like dualities for gauged Wess–Zumino–Witten theories, realised on branes

AbstractIn this work we extend the results of previous derivations of Seiberg-like dualities (level-rank duality) between gauged Wess–Zumino–Witten theories. The arguments in use to identify a potential dual for the supersymmetric WZW theory based on the coset U(N+M)kU(N)k can be extended to be applied to a wider variety of gauge groups, notably USp(2N+2M)2kUSp(2N)2k and SO(2N+2M)2kSO(2N)2k, which will be dealt with briefly. Most interestingly, non-supersymmetric versions of the latter theories can also be shown to have duals in a similar fashion. These results are supported by several pieces of evidence, string phenomenological interpretations of Seiberg duality, even in non-supersymmetric backgrounds, are helpful to justify the formulation, then, from field theory, quantities such as central charges or Witten indices are shown to match exactly. The stability of these non-supersymmetric models is also discussed and shown to be consistent
Measurement of the muon charge asymmetry in inclusive pp→W+X production at s=7 TeV at CMS and an improved determination of light parton distribution functions

AbstractMeasurements of the muon charge asymmetry in inclusive pp→WX production at s=7 TeV are presented. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb-1 recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. With a sample of more than twenty million W→μν events, the statistical precision is greatly improved in comparison to previous measurements. These new results provide additional constraints on the parton distribution functions of the proton in the range of the Bjorken scaling variable x from 10-3 to 10-1. These measurements are used together with the cross sections for inclusive deep inelastic ep scattering at HERA in a next-to-leading-order QCD analysis
Early-onset neonatal sepsis and the implementation of group B streptococcus prophylaxis in a Brazilian maternity hospital: a descriptive study

AbstractObjectivesTo describe early-onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) epidemiology in a public maternity hospital in Brasilia, Brazil.MethodsWe defined EOS as a positive blood culture result obtained from infants aged ≤72 hours of life plus treatment with antibiotic therapy for ≥5 days. Incidence was calculated based on the number of cases and total live births (LB). This is a descriptive study comparing the period of 2012–2013 with the period of 2014–September 2015, before and after implementation of antibiotic prophylaxis during labor for group B streptococcus (GBS) prevention, respectively.ResultsOverall, 36 infants developed EOS among 21,219 LB (1.7 cases per 1000 LB) and 16 died (case fatality rate of 44%). From 2014, 305 vaginal-rectal swabs were collected from high-risk women and 74 (24%) turned out positive for GBS. After implementation of GBS prevention guidelines, no new cases of GBS were detected, and the EOS incidence was reduced from 1.9 (95% CI 1.3–2.8) to 1.3 (95% CI 0.7–2.3) cases per 1000 LB from 2012–2013 to 2014–September 2015 (p=0.32).ConclusionsAlthough the reduction of EOS incidence was not significant, GBS colonization among pregnant women was high, no cases of neonatal GBS have occurred after implementation of prevention guidelines
The Krein–Gupta–Bleuler quantization in de Sitter space–time; Casimir energy–momentum tensor for a curved brane

AbstractIn this paper, vacuum expectation value (VEV) of the energy–momentum tensor for a conformally coupled scalar field in de Sitter space–time is investigated through the Krein–Gupta–Bleuler construction. This construction has already been successfully applied to the de Sitter minimally coupled massless scalar field and massless spin-2 field to obtain a causal and fully covariant quantum field on de Sitter background. We also consider the effects of boundary conditions. In this respect, Casimir energy–momentum tensor induced by Dirichlet boundary condition on a curved brane is evaluated
Search for supersymmetry in final states with two same-sign or three
  leptons and jets using 36 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collision data
  with the ATLAS detector

A search for strongly produced supersymmetric particles using signatures
involving multiple energetic jets and either two isolated same-sign leptons
($e$ or $\mu$), or at least three isolated leptons, is presented. The analysis
relies on the identification of $b$-jets and high missing transverse momentum
to achieve good sensitivity. A data sample of proton--proton collisions at
$\sqrt{s}= 13$ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron
Collider in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of
36.1 fb$^{-1}$, is used for the search. No significant excess over the Standard
Model prediction is observed. The results are interpreted in several simplified
supersymmetric models featuring $R$-parity conservation or $R$-parity
violation, extending the exclusion limits from previous searches. In models
considering gluino pair production, gluino masses are excluded up to 1.87 TeV
at 95% confidence level. When bottom squarks are pair-produced and decay to a
chargino and a top quark, models with bottom squark masses below 700 GeV and
light neutralinos are excluded at 95% confidence level. In addition,
model-independent limits are set on a possible contribution of new phenomena to
the signal region yields.Comment: 43 pages in total, author list starting page 27, 6 figures, 5 tables,
  submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2016-14
Ancillarity-Sufficiency Interweaving Strategy (ASIS) for Boosting MCMC
  Estimation of Stochastic Volatility Models

Bayesian inference for stochastic volatility models using MCMC methods highly
depends on actual parameter values in terms of sampling efficiency. While draws
from the posterior utilizing the standard centered parameterization break down
when the volatility of volatility parameter in the latent state equation is
small, non-centered versions of the model show deficiencies for highly
persistent latent variable series. The novel approach of
ancillarity-sufficiency interweaving has recently been shown to aid in
overcoming these issues for a broad class of multilevel models. In this paper,
we demonstrate how such an interweaving strategy can be applied to stochastic
volatility models in order to greatly improve sampling efficiency for all
parameters and throughout the entire parameter range. Moreover, this method of
"combining best of different worlds" allows for inference for parameter
constellations that have previously been infeasible to estimate without the
need to select a particular parameterization beforehand
Should I stay or should I go? : climate change effects on the future of Neotropical savannah bats

Most extant species are survivors of the last climate change event 20,000 years ago. While past events took place over thousands of years, current climate change is occurring much faster, over a few decades. We modelled the potential distribution area of bat species in the Brazilian Cerrado, a Neotropical savannah, and assessed the potential impacts of climate change up to 2050 in two scenarios. First we evaluated what the impact on the distributions of bat species would be if they were unable to move to areas where climate conditions might be similar to current ones. The novelty of our paper is that, based on least-cost-path analyses, we identified potential corridors that could be managed now to mitigate potential impacts of climate change. Our results indicate that on average, in the future bat species would find similar climate conditions 281 km southeast from current regions. If bat species were not able to move to new suitable areas and were unable to adapt, then 36 species (31.6%) could lose >80% of their current distribution area, and five species will lose more than 98% of their distribution area in the Brazilian Cerrado. In contrast, if bat species are able to reach such areas, then the number of highly impacted species will be reduced to nine, with none of them likely to disappear from the Cerrado. We present measures that could be implemented immediately to mitigate future climate change impacts
Measurement of the single-top-quark t-channel cross section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

A measurement of the single-top-quark t-channel production cross section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC is presented. Two different and complementary approaches have been followed. The first approach exploits the distributions of the pseudorapidity of the recoil jet and reconstructed top-quark mass using background estimates determined from control samples in data. The second approach is based on multivariate analysis techniques that probe the compatibility of the candidate events with the signal. Data have been collected for the muon and electron final states, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 1.17 and 1.56 fb-1, respectively. The single-top-quark production cross section in the t-channel is measured to be 67.2±6.1 pb, in agreement with the approximate next-to-next-to-leading- order standard model prediction. Using the standard model electroweak couplings, the CKM matrix element |V tb| is measured to be 1.020 ± 0.046 (meas.) ± 0.017 (theor.). © 2012 CERN for the benefit of the CMS collaboration.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Estimating Photometric Redshifts for X-ray sources in the X-ATLAS field,
  using machine-learning techniques

We present photometric redshifts for 1,031 X-ray sources in the X-ATLAS
field, using the machine learning technique TPZ (Carrasco Kind & Brunner 2013).
X-ATLAS covers 7.1 deg2 observed with the XMM-Newton within the Science
Demonstration Phase (SDP) of the H-ATLAS field, making it one of the largest
contiguous areas of the sky with both XMMNewton and Herschel coverage. All of
the sources have available SDSS photometry while 810 have additionally mid-IR
and/or near-IR photometry. A spectroscopic sample of 5,157 sources primarily in
the XMM/XXL field, but also from several X-ray surveys and the SDSS DR13
redshift catalogue, is used for the training of the algorithm. Our analysis
reveals that the algorithm performs best when the sources are split, based on
their optical morphology, into point-like and extended sources. Optical
photometry alone is not enough for the estimation of accurate photometric
redshifts, but the results greatly improve when, at least, mid-IR photometry is
added in the training process. In particular, our measurements show that the
estimated photometric redshifts for the X-ray sources of the training sample,
have a normalized absolute median deviation, n_mad=0.06, and the percentage of
outliers, eta=10-14 percent, depending on whether the sources are extended or
point-like. Our final catalogue contains photometric redshifts for 933 out of
the 1,031 X-ray sources with a median redshift of 0.9.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, A&A accepte
Bacterial genomic G + C composition-eliciting environmental adaptation

Bacterial genomes reflect their adaptation strategies through nucleotide usage trends found in their chromosome composition. Bacteria, unlike eukaryotes contain a wide range of genomic G + C. This wide variability may be viewed as a response to environmental adaptation. Two overarching trends are observed across bacterial genomes, the first, correlates genomic G + C to environmental niches and lifestyle, while the other utilizees intra-genomic G + C incongruence to delineate horizontally transferred material. In this review, we focus on the influence of several properties including biochemical, genetic flows, selection biases, and the biochemical-energetic properties shaping genome composition. Outcomes indicate a trend toward high G + C and larger genomes in free-living organisms, as a result of more complex and varied environments (higher chance for horizontal gene transfer). Conversely, nutrient limiting and nutrient poor environments dictate smaller genomes of low GC in attempts to conserve replication expense. Varied processes including translesion repair mechanisms, phage insertion and cytosine degradation has been shown to introduce higher AT in genomic sequences. We conclude the review with an analysis of current bioinformatics tools seeking to elicit compositional variances and highlight the practical implications when using such techniques
A Spitzer-IRS view of early-type galaxies with cuspy/core nuclei and fast/slow rotation

The recent literature suggests that an evolutionary dichotomy exists for early-type galaxies (Es and S0s, ETGs) whereby their central photometric structure (cuspy vs. core central luminosity profiles), and figure of rotation (fast vs. slow rotators), are determined by whether they were formed by "wet" or "dry" mergers. Aims. We consider whether the mid-infrared (MIR) properties of ETGs, with their sensitivity to accretion processes in particular in the last few Gyr (on average z ≲ 0.2), can put further constraints on this picture. Methods. We investigate a sample of 49 ETGs for which nuclear MIR properties and detailed photometrical and kinematical classifications are available from the recent literature. Results. In the stellar light cuspy/core ETGs show a dichotomy that is mainly driven by their luminosity. However, in the MIR, the brightest core ETGs show evidence that accretions have triggered both AGN and star formation activity in the recent past, challenging a dry merger scenario. In contrast, we do find in the Virgo and Fornax clusters that cuspy ETGs, fainter than MKs =-24, are predominantly passively evolving in the same epoch, while in low-density environments they tend to be more active. A significant and statistically similar fraction of both fast rotators (FRs) (38-11+18 %) and slow rotators (SRs) (50-21+34%) shows polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon features in their MIR spectra. Ionized and molecular gas are also frequently detected. Recent star formation episodes are then a common phenomenon in both kinematical classes, even in those dominated by AGN activity, suggesting a similar evolutionary path in the last few Gyrs. Conclusions. MIR spectra suggest that the photometric segregation between cuspy and core nuclei and the dynamical segregation between FRs and SRs must have originated before z ~ 0.2. © 2014 ESO
Measurement of CP observables in B-+/- -> DK*(+/-) decays using two- and four-body D final states

Measurements of CP observables in B± → DK*± decays are presented, where D denotes a superposition of D0 and D¯¯¯¯0D¯0 meson states. Decays of the D meson to K−π+, K−K+, π−π+, K−π+π−π+ and π−π+π−π+ are used and the K*± meson is reconstructed in the KS0π± final state. This analysis uses a data sample of pp collisions collected with the LHCb experiment, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 1 fb−1, 2 fb−1 and 1.8 fb−1 at centre-of-mass energies s√=7s=7 TeV, 8 TeV and 13 TeV, respectively. The sensitivity of the results to the CKM angle γ is discussed