pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Molten-salt-assisted self-assembly (MASA)-synthesis of mesoporous metal titanate-titania, metal sulfide-titania, and metal selenide-titania thin films

New synthetic strategies are needed for the assembly of porous metal titanates and metal chalcogenite-titania thin films for various energy applications. Here, a new synthetic approach is introduced in which two solvents and two surfactants are used. Both surfactants are necessary to accommodate the desired amount of salt species in the hydrophilic domains of the mesophase. The process is called a molten-salt-assisted self-assembly (MASA) because the salt species are in the molten phase and act as a solvent to assemble the ingredients into a mesostructure and they react with titania to form mesoporous metal titanates during the annealing step. The mesoporous metal titanate (meso-Zn 2TiO4 and meso-CdTiO3) thin films are reacted under H2S or H2Se gas at room temperature to yield high quality transparent mesoporous metal chalcogenides. The H2Se reaction produces rutile and brookite titania phases together with nanocrystalline metal selenides and H2S reaction of meso-CdTiO3 yields nanocrystalline anatase and CdS in the spatially confined pore walls. Two different metal salts (zinc nitrate hexahydrate and cadmium nitrate tetrahydrate) are tested to demonstrate the generality of the new assembly process. The meso-TiO2-CdSe film shows photoactivity under sunlight. High quality mesoporous metal titanate thin films are synthesized using a molten-phase-assisted self-assembly (MASA) method. The metal salts are used as a non-volatile solvent in the new assembly process. The films are converted into mesoporous titania-metal chalcogenides (TiO2-CdS, TiO 2-CdSe, and TiO2-ZnSe) under H2S or H 2Se at room temperature and may find applications in solar cells, catalysis, photocatalysis, electronics, and optoelectronics. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 2.76 TeV

20 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, authors from page 15, submitted to PLB, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/1884 ; see paper for full list of authorsInternational audienceThe centrality dependence of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density measured with ALICE in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ over a broad pseudorapidity range is presented. This Letter extends the previous results reported by ALICE to more peripheral collisions. No strong change of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density distributions with centrality is observed, and when normalised to the number of participating nucleons in the collisions, the evolution over pseudorapidity with centrality is likewise small. The broad pseudorapidity range allows precise estimates of the total number of produced charged particles which we find to range from $162\pm22$ (syst.) to $17170\pm770$ (syst.) in 80-90% and 0-5 central collisions, respectively. The total charged-particle multiplicity is seen to approximately scale with the number of participating nucleons in the collision. This suggests that hard contributions to the charged-particle multiplicity are limited. The results are compared to models which describe $\mbox{d}N_{\mbox{ch}}/\mbox{d}\eta$ at mid-rapidity in the most central Pb-Pb collisions and it is found that these models do not capture all features of the distributions
Drazin-Moore-Penrose invertibility in rings

Characterizations are given for elements in an arbitrary ring with involution, having a group inverse and a Moore-Penrose inverse that are equal and the difference between these elements and EP-elements is explained. The results are also generalized to elements for which a power has a Moore-Penrose inverse and a group inverse that are equal.
As an application we consider the ring of square matrices of order $m$ over a projective free ring $R$ with involution  such that $R^m$ is a module of finite length, providing a new characterization for range-Hermitian matrices over the complexes.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - Programa Operacional "Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação" (POCTI).Centro de Matemática da Universidade do Minho (CMAT)
Measurement of the charge asymmetry in top-quark pair production in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 TeV

Artículo escrito por muchos autores, sólo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración y los autores que firman como pertenecientes a la UAMThe difference in angular distributions between top quarks and antiquarks, commonly referred to as the charge asymmetry, is measured in pp collisions at the LHC with the CMS experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.09 fb−1 at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. Top-quark pairs are selected in the final state with an electron or muon and four or more jets. At least one jet is identified as originating from b-quark hadronization. The charge asymmetry is measured in two variables, one based on the pseudorapidities (η) of the top quarks and the other on their rapidities (y). The results Aη C = −0.017 ± 0.032 (stat.) +0.025 −0.036 (syst.) and Ay C = −0.013 ± 0.028 (stat.) +0.029 −0.031 (syst.) are consistent within uncertainties with the standard-model predictionsWe thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); Academy of Sciences and NICPB (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); SCSR (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MST, MAE and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA). Individuals have received support from the Marie-Curie programme and the European Research Council (European Union); the Leventis Foundation; the A.P. Sloan Foundation; the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation; the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office; the Fonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l’Industrie et dans l’Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium); the Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium); and the Council of Science and Industrial Research, Indi
Measurement of the tt production cross-section as a function of jet multiplicity and jet transverse momentum in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

Journal of High Energy Physics 2015.1 (2015): 020 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)The tt production cross-section dependence on jet multiplicity and jet transverse momentum is reported for proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV in the single-lepton channel. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and comprise the full 2011 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1. Differential cross-sections are presented as a function of the jet multiplicity for up to eight jets using jet transverse momentum thresholds of 25, 40, 60, and 80 GeV, and as a function of jet transverse momentum up to the fifth jet. The results are shown after background subtraction and corrections for all known detector effects, within a kinematic range closely matched to the experimental acceptance. Several QCD-based Monte Carlo models are compared with the results. Sensitivity to the parton shower modelling is found at the higher jet multiplicities, at high transverse momentum of the leading jet and in the transverse momentum spectrum of the fifth leading jet. The MC@NLO+HERWIG MC is found to predict too few events at higher jet multiplicitiesWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff
from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia;BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and W ˇ allenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (U.K.) and BNL (U.S.A.) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwid
Observation of the suppressed ADS modes B-+/- -> [pi K-+/-(-/+)pi(+)pi(-)](D)K-+/- and B-+/- -> [pi K-+/-(-/+)pi(+)pi(-)](D)pi(+/-)

An analysis of and B-+/- -> DK +/- and B-+/- -> D pi(+/-) decays is presented where the D meson is reconstructed in the four-body final state K-+/-pi(-/+)pi(+)pi(-). Using LHCb data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb(-1), first observations are made of the suppressed ADS modes B-+/- ->[pi K-+/-(-/+)pi(+)pi(-)](D)K-+/- and B +/- -> [pi K-+/-(-/+)pi(+)pi(-)](D)pi(+/-) with a significance of 5.1 sigma and greater than 10 sigma, respectively. Measurements of CP asymmetries and CP-conserving ratios of partial widths from this family of decays are also performed. The magnitude of the ratio between the suppressed and favoured B-+/- -> DK +/- amplitudes is determined to be r(B)(K) = 0.097 +/- 0.011
Combined search for the Standard Model Higgs boson using up to 4.9 fb-1 of pp collision data at √(s)=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

A combined search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC using datasets corresponding to integrated luminosities from 1.04 fb(-1) to 4.9 fb(-1) of pp collisions collected at root s = 7 TeV is presented. The Higgs boson mass ranges 112.9-115.5 GeV, 131-238 GeV and 251-466 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level (CL), while the range 124-519 GeV is expected to be excluded in the absence of a signal. An excess of events is observed around m(H) similar to 126 GeV with a local significance of 3.5 standard deviations (sigma). The local significances of H -> gamma, H -> ZZ(()*()) -> l(+)l(-)l'(+)l'(-) and H -> WW(*()) l(+)nu l'(-)(nu) over bar, the three most sensitive channels in this mass range, are 2.8 sigma, 2.1 sigma and 1.4 sigma. respectively. The global probability for the background to produce such a fluctuation anywhere in the explored Higgs boson mass range 110-600 GeV is estimated to be similar to 1.4% or, equivalently, 2.2 sigma
Novel T-Violation observable open to any pair of decay channels at meson factories

Quantum entanglement between the two neutral mesons produced in meson factories has allowed the first indisputable direct observation of Time Reversal Violation in the time evolution of the neutral meson between the two decays. The exceptional meson transitions are directly connected to semileptonic and CP eigenstate decay channels. The possibility of extending the observable asymmetries to more decay channels confronts the problem of the ¿orthogonality condition¿, which can be stated with this tonguetwister: Given a decay channel f, which is the decay channel f' such that the meson state not decaying to f is orthogonal to the meson state not decaying to f? In this Letter we propose an alternative T-Violation asymmetry at meson factories which allows its opening to any pair of decay channels. Instead of searching which is the pair of decay channels associated to the T-reverse meson transition, we build an asymmetry which tags the initial states of both the Reference and the T-reverse meson transitions. This observable filters the appropriate final states by means of two measurable survival probabilities. We discuss the methodology to be followed in the analysis of the new observable and the results expected in specific examples
A study of strange particle production in nu(mu) charged current interactions in the NOMAD experiment

A study of strange particle production in nu(mu) charged cur-rent interactions has been performed using the data from the NOMAD experiment. Yields of neutral strange particles (K-S(0), Lambda, ( ) over bar) have been measured. Mean multiplicities are reported as a function of the event kinematic variables E-nu W-2 and Q(2) as well as of the variables describing particle behaviour within a hadronic jet: x(F), z and p(T)(2). Decays of resonances and heavy hyperons with identified K, and A in the final state have been analyzed. Clear signals corresponding to K*+/-, Sigma(*+/-), Xi(-) and Sigma(0) have been observed
Formation and maintenance of nitrogen fixing cell patterns in
  filamentous cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria forming one-dimensional filaments are paradigmatic model
organisms of the transition between unicellular and multicellular living forms.
Under nitrogen limiting conditions, in filaments of the genus Anabaena, some
cells differentiate into heterocysts, which lose the possibility to divide but
are able to fix environmental nitrogen for the colony. These heterocysts form a
quasi-regular pattern in the filament, representing a prototype of patterning
and morphogenesis in prokaryotes. Recent years have seen advances in the
identification of the molecular mechanism regulating this pattern. We use this
data to build a theory on heterocyst pattern formation, for which both genetic
regulation and the effects of cell division and filament growth are key
components. The theory is based on the interplay of three generic mechanisms:
local autoactivation, early long range inhibition, and late long range
inhibition. These mechanisms can be identified with the dynamics of hetR, patS
and hetN expression. Our theory reproduces quantitatively the experimental
dynamics of pattern formation and maintenance for wild type and mutants. We
find that hetN alone is not enough to play the role as the late inhibitory
mechanism: a second mechanism, hypothetically the products of nitrogen fixation
supplied by heterocysts, must also play a role in late long range inhibition.
The preponderance of even intervals between heterocysts arises naturally as a
result of the interplay between the timescales of genetic regulation and cell
division. We also find that a purely stochastic initiation of the pattern,
without a two-stage process, is enough to reproduce experimental observations
Search for single production of a vector-like quark via a heavy gluon in the 4b final state with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at s=8 TeV

A search is performed for the process View the MathML sourcepp→G⁎→BHb¯/B¯Hb→Hbb¯→bb¯bb¯, predicted in composite Higgs scenarios, where G⁎G⁎ is a heavy colour octet vector resonance and BHBH a vector-like quark of charge −1/3−1/3. The data were obtained from pp   collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−119.5 fb−1, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The largest background, multijet production, is estimated using a data-driven method. No significant excess of events with respect to Standard Model predictions is observed, and upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio are set. Comparisons to the predictions from a specific benchmark model are made, resulting in lower mass limits in the two-dimensional mass plane of mG⁎mG⁎ vs. mBHmBH.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, Canarie, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
Cities in citizens' hands

We propose a new paradigm for public participation in urban planning, a field which presents significant challenges for public understanding and participation. Our approach is based on leveraging the rich diversity of meaning associated with cultural gestures, traditions, folklore, and rituals, and using them in augmented reality systems, in order for citizens’ to explore, understand, and communicate the complex, systemic ideas and concepts associated with urban planning.
At an immediate level, this approach holds the potential for enabling increased public awareness of what is at stake in urban planning - both on the part of citizens and on the part of public officials, policy-makers, and decision-makers – and consequently enhancing understanding and improving participation in public life and citizenship. It may also open up a new field of research and development in human-computer interaction, to leverage the richness of meaning and modes of expression which exist in various cultures and societies, rather than ignoring them and imposing dumbed-down or prescribed command methods. Thus, it aims to facilitate new levels of empowerment of users in the use of digital systems and data. The active utilization of cultural meaning in gestures, rituals, and social practices may also support and promote better inclusion and participation of minority groups and migrant communities in contemporary, technology-rich life.FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within project UID/EEA/50014/2013
Dark matter and leptogenesis linked by classical scale invariance.

In this work we study a classically scale invariant extension of the Standard Model that can explain simultaneously dark matter and the baryon asymmetry in the universe. In our set-up we introduce a dark sector, namely a non-Abelian SU(2) hidden sector coupled to the SM via the Higgs portal, and a singlet sector responsible for generating Majorana masses for three right-handed sterile neutrinos. The gauge bosons of the dark sector are mass-degenerate and stable, and this makes them suitable as dark matter candidates. Our model also accounts for the matter-anti-matter asymmetry. The lepton flavour asymmetry is produced during CP-violating oscillations of the GeV-scale right-handed neutrinos, and converted to the baryon asymmetry by the electroweak sphalerons. All the characteristic scales in the model: the electro-weak, dark matter and the leptogenesis/neutrino mass scales, are generated radiatively, have a common origin and related to each other via scalar field couplings in perturbation theory
Slow wave sleep and accelerated forgetting

We investigated whether the benefit of slow wave sleep (SWS) for memory consolidation typically observed in healthy individuals is disrupted in people with accelerated long-term forgetting (ALF) due to epilepsy. SWS is thought to play an active role in declarative memory in healthy individuals and, furthermore, electrographic epileptiform activity is often more prevalent during SWS than during wakefulness or other sleep stages. We studied the relationship between SWS and the benefit of sleep for memory retention using a word-pair associates task. In both the ALF and the healthy control groups, sleep conferred a memory benefit. However, the relationship between the amount of SWS and sleep-related memory benefits differed significantly between the groups. In healthy participants, the amount of SWS correlated positively with sleep-related memory benefits. In stark contrast, the more SWS, the smaller the sleep-related memory benefit in the ALF group. Therefore, contrary to its role in healthy people, SWS-associated brain activity appears to be deleterious for memory in patients with ALF
The multisensory function of the human primary visual cortex.

It has been nearly 10 years since Ghazanfar and Schroeder (2006) proposed that the neocortex is essentially multisensory in nature. However, it is only recently that sufficient and hard evidence that supports this proposal has accrued. We review evidence that activity within the human primary visual cortex plays an active role in multisensory processes and directly impacts behavioural outcome. This evidence emerges from a full pallet of human brain imaging and brain mapping methods with which multisensory processes are quantitatively assessed by taking advantage of particular strengths of each technique as well as advances in signal analyses. Several general conclusions about multisensory processes in primary visual cortex of humans are supported relatively solidly. First, haemodynamic methods (fMRI/PET) show that there is both convergence and integration occurring within primary visual cortex. Second, primary visual cortex is involved in multisensory processes during early post-stimulus stages (as revealed by EEG/ERP/ERFs as well as TMS). Third, multisensory effects in primary visual cortex directly impact behaviour and perception, as revealed by correlational (EEG/ERPs/ERFs) as well as more causal measures (TMS/tACS). While the provocative claim of Ghazanfar and Schroeder (2006) that the whole of neocortex is multisensory in function has yet to be demonstrated, this can now be considered established in the case of the human primary visual cortex