pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Advanced functionality for radio analysis in the Offline software framework of the Pierre Auger Observatory.

The advent of the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) necessitates the development of a powerful framework for the analysis of radio measurements of cosmic ray air showers. As AERA performs "radio-hybrid" measurements of air shower radio emission in coincidence with the surface particle detectors and fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the radio analysis functionality had to be incorporated in the existing hybrid analysis solutions for fluorescence and surface detector data. This goal has been achieved in a natural way by extending the existing Auger Offline software framework with radio functionality. In this article, we lay out the design, highlights and features of the radio extension implemented in the Auger Offline framework. Its functionality has achieved a high degree of sophistication and offers advanced features such as vectorial reconstruction of the electric field, advanced signal processing algorithms, a transparent and efficient handling of FFTs, a very detailed simulation of detector effects, and the read-in of multiple data formats including data from various radio simulation codes. The source code of this radio functionality can be made available to interested parties on request. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Month of birth and risk of multiple sclerosis: confounding  and adjustments

A month of birth effect on multiple sclerosis (MS) risk has been reported from different countries. Recent critics have suggested that this finding is caused by confounding and that adequately adjusting for year and place of birth would markedly reduce this effect. All inhabitants in Norway are registered in the Norwegian Population Registry (Statistics Norway), making this an ideal area for performing adjusted analyses. Using the entire Norwegian population born between 1930 and 1979 (n = 2,899,260), we calculated the excess between observed and expected number of births for each month for 6649 Norwegian MS patients, 5711 mothers, 5247 fathers, and 8956 unaffected siblings. The analyses were adjusted for year of birth and place of birth according to the 19 counties in Norway. An unadjusted analysis revealed 13% fewer MS births than expected in February (P = 0.0015; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.018), 10% more in April (P = 0.0083; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.0996) and 15% more in December (P = 0.00058; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.007). Adjustments for both year and place of birth significantly altered our results for February and December, but even after these adjustments there were still 10% more MS births than expected in April (P = 0.00796; Bonferroni corrected P = 0.096). MS patients had a higher incidence of April births than their siblings (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.011), mothers (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.004), and fathers (Fisher-exact test; P = 0.011) without MS. Adjustments for confounding significantly affected our results. However, even after adjustments, there appears to be a persistent higher than expected frequency of April births in the MS population
Constraints on the Higgs boson width from off- shell production and decay to Z-boson pairs

Constraints are presented on the total width of the recently discovered Higgs boson, ΓH, using its relative on-shell and off-shell production and decay rates to a pair of Z bosons, where one Z boson decays to an electron or muon pair, and the other to an electron, muon, or neutrino pair. The analysis is based on the data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011 and 2012, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 5.1 fb−1 at a center- of-mass energy √s = 7 TeV and 19.7 fb−1 at √s = 8 TeV. A simultaneous maximum likelihood fit to the measured kinematic distributions near the resonance peak and above the Z-boson pair production threshold leads to an upper limit on the Higgs boson width of ΓH &lt; 22 MeV at a 95% confidence level, which is 5.4 times the expected value in the standard model at the measured mass of mH = 125.6 GeV
Impairing retinoic acid signalling in the neural crest cells is sufficient to alter entire eye morphogenesis.

International audienceRetinoic acid (RA) is known to be required at various levels of eye patterning via Retinoic Acid Receptors (RAR); however the molecular and cellular mechanisms triggered by these nuclear receptors are still obscure. The genetic studies performed here enable us to present a new model to study RA action during eye development. By inactivating the three RARs, specifically in the periocular mesenchyme, we discriminate the individual contribution of each RAR during eye development and describe a new function for RARs during the formation of the optic nerve. We demonstrate that RARalpha is the only receptor that mediates RA signalling in the neurectoderm during ocular development. Surprisingly, and despite a sophisticated pattern of RA-activity in the developing retina, we observed that RA signalling is not autonomously required in this tissue for eye formation. We show that the action of RA during eye morphogenesis is occurring specifically in neural crest-derived periocular mesenchyme and is mediated by all three RARs. Furthermore, we point out that Pitx2, which encodes a homeodomain transcription factor, is a key RA-responsive gene in neural crest cells during eye development. Interestingly, we observed that RA is required in the neural crest cells for normal position of the extraocular muscle
Inelastic X-ray scattering investigations of lattice dynamics in SmFeAsO1−xFysuperconductors

International audienceWe report measurements of the phonon density of states as probed with inelastic X-ray scattering in SmFeAsO1−xFy powders. An unexpected strong renormalization of phonon branches around 23 meV is observed as fluorine is substituted for oxygen. Phonon dispersion measurements on SmFeAsO1−xFy single crystals allow us to identify the 21 meV A1g in-phase (Sm,As) and the 26 meV B1g (Fe,O) modes to be responsible for this renormalization, and may reveal unusual electron-phonon coupling through the spin channel in iron-based superconductors
Building Efficient and Compact Data Structures for Simplicial Complexe

International audienceThe Simplex Tree (ST)  is a recently introduced data structurethat can represent abstract simplicial complexes of any dimension andallows efficient implementation of a large range of basic operations onsimplicial complexes. In this paper, we show how to optimally compressthe Simplex Tree while retaining its functionalities. In addition, wepropose two new data structures called the Maximal Simplex Tree (MxST)  and  the Simplex Array List (SAL). We analyze the compressedSimplex Tree, the Maximal Simplex Tree, and the Simplex Array List under various settings
Predictors of carotid occlusion intolerance?during proximal protected?carotid artery?stenting.

OBJECTIVES:\ud
The aim of this study was to identify predictors of occlusion intolerance (OI) developing during proximal protected carotid artery stenting (CAS).\ud
BACKGROUND:\ud
The use of proximal embolic protection devices, such as endovascular occlusion, during CAS has been demonstrated to be particularly safe and effective. However, endovascular occlusion can expose the ipsilateral hemisphere to hypoperfusion and produce transient neurological symptoms (OI).\ud
METHODS:\ud
From March 2010 to March 2012, 605 consecutive patients underwent proximal protected CAS at our institution. To identify independent predictors of OI, a multivariate logistic regression model was developed that included all patients' clinical/angiographic and procedural characteristics.\ud
RESULTS:\ud
OI developed in a total of 184 patients (30.4%). Compared with patients in whom OI did not develop, those who experienced OI had lower occlusion pressure (OP) (42.3 ± 12.7 mm Hg vs. 61.9 ± 15.4 mm Hg, p < 0.001). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that OP was the most consistent predictor of OI with a C-statistic of 0.85 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.82 to 0.88) with best cutoff being ≤40 mm Hg (sensitivity, 68.5%; specificity, 93.3%). By logistic regression analysis, the most powerful independent predictor of OI developing was an OP ≤40 mm Hg (odds ratio: 33.2, 95% CI: 19.1 to 57.7) and the most powerful clinical predictor of such OP was the presence of contralateral internal carotid artery occlusion (odds ratio: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5 to 6.2).\ud
CONCLUSIONS:\ud
OI may occur in as many as one-third of the patients undergoing proximal protected CAS. This event is more common in those patients with an OP ≤40 mm Hg. Patients presenting with concomitant occlusion of the contralateral internal carotid artery more frequently have an OP ≤40 mm Hg
The Western Sierras Pampeanas : protracted Grenville-age history (1330-1030 Ma) of intra-oceanic arcs, subduction-accretion at continental-edge and AMCG intraplate magmatism

New U–Pb SHRIMP zircon ages combined with geochemical and isotope investigation in the Sierra de Maz and Sierra de Pie de Palo and a xenolith of the Precordillera basement (Ullún), provides insight into the identification of major Grenville-age tectonomagmatic events and their timing in the Western Sierras Pampeanas. The study reveals two contrasting scenarios that evolved separately during the 300 Ma long history: Sierra de Maz, which was always part of a continental crust, and the juvenile oceanic arc and back-arc sector of Sierra de Pie de Palo and Ullún. The oldest rocks are the Andino-type granitic orthogneisses of Sierra de Maz (1330–1260 Ma) and associated subalkaline basic rocks, that were part of an active continental margin developed in a Paleoproterozoic crust. Amphibolite facies metamorphism affected the orthogneisses at ca. 1175 Ma, while granulite facies was attained in neighbouring meta-sediments and basic granulites. Interruption of continental-edge magmatism and high-grade metamorphism is interpreted as related to an arc–continental collision dated by zircon overgrowths at 1170–1230 Ma. The next event consisted of massif-type anorthosites and related meta-jotunites, meta-mangerites (1092 ± 6 Ma) and meta-granites (1086 ± 10 Ma) that define an AMCG complex in Sierra de Maz. The emplacement of these mantle-derived magmas during an extensional episode produced a widespread thermal overprint at ca. 1095 Ma in neighbouring country rocks. In constrast, juvenile oceanic arc and back-arc complexes dominated the Sierra de Pie de Palo–Ullún sector, that was fully developed ca. 1200 Ma (1196 ± 8 Ma metagabbro). A new episode of oceanic arc magmatism at 1165 Ma was roughly coeval with the amphibolite high-grade metamorphism of Sierra de Maz, indicating that these two sectors underwent independent geodynamic scenarios at this age. Two more episodes of arc subduction are registered in the Pie de Palo–Ullún sector: (i) 1110 ± 10 Ma orthogneisses and basic amphibolites with geochemical fingerprints of emplacement in a more mature crust, and (ii) a 1027 ± 17 Ma TTG juvenile suite, which is the youngest Grenville-age magmatic event registered in the Western Sierras Pampeanas. The geodynamic history in both study areas reveals a complex orogenic evolution, dominated by convergent tectonics and accretion of juvenile oceanic arcs to the continent.\ud
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Search for scalar top quark pair production in natural gauge mediated supersymmetry models with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at s=7TeV

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThe results of a search for pair production of the lighter scalar partners of top quarks (˜t1) in 2.05 fb−1 of pp collisions at √ s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS experiment at the LHC are reported. Scalar top quarks are searched for in events with two same flavour opposite-sign leptons (e,μ) with invariant mass consistent with the Z boson mass, large missing transverse momentum and jets in the final state. At least one of the jets is identified as originating from a b-quark. No excess over Standard Model expectations is found. The results are interpreted in the framework of R-parity conserving, gauge mediated Supersymmetry breaking ‘natural’ scenarios, where the neutralino ( ˜χ 0 1 ) is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle. Scalar top quark masses up to 310 GeV are excluded for 115 GeV < m ˜χ 0 1 < 230 GeV at 95% confidence level, reaching an exclusion of m˜t1 < 330 GeV for m ˜χ 0 1 = 190 GeV. Scalar top quark masses below 240 GeV are excluded for all values of m ˜χ 0 1 >mZWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United State
Quark-lepton mass relation in a realistic A(4) extension of the Standard Model

We propose a realistic A(4) extension of the Standard Model involving a particular quark-lepton mass relation, namely that the ratio of the third family mass to the geometric mean of the first and second family masses are equal for down-type quarks and charged leptons. This relation, which is approximately renormalization group invariant, is usually regarded as arising from the Georgi-Jarlskog relations, but in the present model there is no unification group or supersymmetry. In the neutrino sector we propose a simple modification of the so-called Zee-Wolfenstein mass matrix pattern which allows an acceptable reactor angle along with a deviation of the atmospheric and solar angles from their bi-maximal values. Quark masses, mixing angles and CP violation are well described by a numerical fit
Magnetoresistive studies on nanocrystalline la0.8Sr 0.2MnO3+Î´ manganite

Low-temperature magnetoresistance (MR) measurement has been carried out on nanocrystalline La0.8Sr0.2MnO3+Î´ manganites prepared by combustion synthesis. This preparation method yields voluminous powders with large surface area (â¼40m2/g) having crystalline nanosize(-50 nm) products. Formation and homogeneity of the solid solutions have been confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Rietveld refinement of X-ray data indicates that as-formed compound exhibits cubic phase with space group Pm3m. However, calcined sample transforms into rhombohedral phase with space group R-3c. The stabilization of the cubic phase in as-formed manganite is due to the substitution of Sr2+ on La3+ sites, resulting in higher Mn4+ content. The low-temperature resistivity measurements down to 70 K exhibit a broad metal-insulator transition (TM-I) at around 257 K. MR measurements on sintered pellets show â¼5 MR at 1T, whereas for 4 and 7T, the MR values are found as 22 and 28, respectively, at TM-I. Â© 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of silver metalized TiO2 particles in the degradation of an azo dye methyl orange: Characterization and activity at different pH values

The photocatalytic activity of silver deposited Degussa P25 titanium dioxide (Ag-​DP25) in the photodegrdn. of methyl orange (MO) was investigated.  The photocatalysts were characterized using PXRD, SEM, EDX, FTIR and UV-​vis spectrophotometer.  The obtained results show that the silver (Ag0) deposited TiO2 exhibited visible light plasmon absorption band.  The degrdn. expt. reveals that the catalytic property of Ag-​DP25 in the degrdn. of MO is more efficient than that of com. available Degussa P25 TiO2 (DP25) samples.  The improvement of Ag-​DP25 catalyst efficiency strongly depends on the content of silver (Ag) deposits.  The present study shows that the degrdn. process is dominated by Ag-​TiO2 photocatalytic system, complying with pseudo-​first order rate law.  The higher rate of photodegrdn. obsd. on Ag-​DP25 at pH 6.6 can be correlated to the ratios of the concns. of the ionized to the neutral dye mols. and also to the higher concn. of hydroxylated surface, which are able to effectively scavenge photogenerated valence band holes.  Accumulation of the holes in the semiconductor particles increases the probability of formation of excited oxygen atom which is a reactive species readily oxidizing the org. dye mol.  The redn. of pH during the course of the reaction is attributed to the complete mineralization of the dye
Search for TeV-scale gravity signatures in high-mass final states with leptons and jets with the ATLAS detector at s=13 TeV

A search for physics beyond the Standard Model, in final states with at least one high transverse momentum charged lepton (electron or muon) and two additional high transverse momentum leptons or jets, is performed using 3.2 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 at View the MathML sources=13 TeV. The upper end of the distribution of the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of leptons and jets is sensitive to the production of high-mass objects. No excess of events beyond Standard Model predictions is observed. Exclusion limits are set for models of microscopic black holes with two to six extra dimensions.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COL-CIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, Canarie, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom
The genetics of blood pressure regulation and its target organs from association studies in 342,415 individuals.

To dissect the genetic architecture of blood pressure and assess effects on target organ damage, we analyzed 128,272 SNPs from targeted and genome-wide arrays in 201,529 individuals of European ancestry, and genotypes from an additional 140,886 individuals were used for validation. We identified 66 blood pressure-associated loci, of which 17 were new; 15 harbored multiple distinct association signals. The 66 index SNPs were enriched for cis-regulatory elements, particularly in vascular endothelial cells, consistent with a primary role in blood pressure control through modulation of vascular tone across multiple tissues. The 66 index SNPs combined in a risk score showed comparable effects in 64,421 individuals of non-European descent. The 66-SNP blood pressure risk score was significantly associated with target organ damage in multiple tissues but with minor effects in the kidney. Our findings expand current knowledge of blood pressure-related pathways and highlight tissues beyond the classical renal system in blood pressure regulation.Peer-reviewedPost-prin
Measurement of the tt¯ production cross section in the eμ channel in proton-proton collisions at √s=7 and 8 TeV

© 2016, The Author(s).Abstract: The inclusive cross section for top quark pair production is measured in proton-proton collisions at s=7 and 8 TeV, corresponding to 5.0 and 19.7 fb−1, respectively, with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The cross sections are measured in the electron-muon channel using a binned likelihood fit to multi-differential final state distributions related to identified b quark jets and other jets in the event. The measured cross section values are 173.6 ± 2.1(stat)− 4.0+ 4.5(syst) ± 3.8(lumi)pb at s=7 TeV, and 244.9 ± 1.4(stat)− 5.5+ 6.3(syst) ± 6.4(lumi)pb at s=8 TeV, in good agreement with QCD calculations at next-to-next-to-leading-order accuracy. The ratio of the cross sections measured at 7 and 8 TeV is determined, as well as cross sections in the fiducial regions defined by the acceptance requirements on the two charged leptons in the final state. The cross section results are used to determine the top quark pole mass via the dependence of the theoretically predicted cross section on the mass, giving a best result of 173. 8− 1.8+ 1.7 GeV. The data at s=8 TeV are also used to set limits, for two neutralino mass values, on the pair production of supersymmetric partners of the top quark with masses close to the top quark mass.[Figure not available: see fulltext.
UK prescribing practices as proxy markers of unmet need in allergic rhinitis: a retrospective observational study

Little data on UK prescribing patterns and treatment effectiveness for allergic rhinitis (AR) are available. We quantified unmet pharmacologic needs in AR by assessing AR treatment effectiveness based on the prescribing behaviour of UK general practitioners (GP) during two consecutive pollen seasons (2009 and 2010). We conducted a retrospective observational study with the data from the Optimum Patient Care Research Database. We assessed diagnoses and prescription data for patients with a recorded diagnosis of rhinitis who took rhinitis medication during the study period. We assessed the data from 25,069 patients in 2009 and 22,381 patients in 2010. Monotherapy was the initial prescription of the season for 67% of patients with seasonal AR (SAR) and 77% of patients with nonseasonal upper airways disease (NSUAD), for both years. Initial oral antihistamine (OAH) or intranasal corticosteroid (INS) monotherapy proved insufficient for >20% of SAR and >37% of NSUAD patients. Multiple therapy was the initial prescription for 33% of SAR and 23% of NSUAD in both years, rising to 45% and >50% by season end, respectively. For NSUAD, dual-therapy prescriptions doubled and triple-therapy prescriptions almost tripled during both seasons. Many patients revisited their GP regardless of initial prescription. Initial OAH or INS monotherapy provides insufficient symptom control for many AR patients. GPs often prescribe multiple therapies at the start of the season, with co-prescription becoming more common as the season progresses. However, patients prescribed multiple therapies frequently revisit their GP, presumably to adjust treatment. These data suggest the need for more effective AR treatment and management strategies