pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Improving NLO-parton shower matched simulations with higher order matrix
  elements

In recent times the algorithms for the simulation of hadronic collisions have
been subject to two substantial improvements: the inclusion, within parton
showering, of exact higher order tree level matrix elements (MEPS) and,
separately, next-to-leading order corrections (NLOPS). In this work we examine
the key criteria to be met in merging the two approaches in such a way that the
accuracy of both is preserved, in the framework of the POWHEG approach to
NLOPS. We then ask to what extent these requirements may be fulfilled using
existing simulations, without modifications. The result of this study is a
pragmatic proposal for merging MEPS and NLOPS events to yield much improved
MENLOPS event samples. We apply this method to W boson and top quark pair
production. In both cases results for distributions within the remit of the NLO
calculations exhibit no discernible changes with respect to the pure NLOPS
prediction; conversely, those sensitive to the distribution of multiple hard
jets assume, exactly, the form of the corresponding MEPS results.Comment: 38 pages, 17 figures. v2: added citations and brief discussion of
  related works, MENLOPS prescription localized in a subsection. v3: cited 4
  more MEPS works in introduction
Thermodynamic Properties of Holographic Multiquark and the Multiquark
  Star

We study thermodynamic properties of the multiquark nuclear matter. The
dependence of the equation of state on the colour charges is explored both
analytically and numerically in the limits where the baryon density is small
and large at fixed temperature between the gluon deconfinement and chiral
symmetry restoration. The gravitational stability of the hypothetical
multiquark stars are discussed using the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation.
Since the equations of state of the multiquarks can be well approximated by
different power laws for small and large density, the content of the multiquark
stars has the core and crust structure. We found that most of the mass of the
star comes from the crust region where the density is relatively small. The
mass limit of the multiquark star is determined as well as its relation to the
star radius. For typical energy density scale of $10\text{GeV}/\text{fm}^{3}$,
the converging mass and radius of the hypothetical multiquark star in the limit
of large central density are approximately $2.6-3.9$ solar mass and 15-27 km.
The adiabatic index and sound speed distributions of the multiquark matter in
the star are also calculated and discussed. The sound speed never exceeds the
speed of light and the multiquark matters are thus compressible even at high
density and pressure.Comment: 27 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, JHEP versio
Slepton mass-splittings as a signal of LFV at the LHC

Precise measurements of slepton mass-splittings might represent a powerful
tool to probe supersymmetric (SUSY) lepton flavour violation (LFV) at the LHC.
We point out that mass-splittings of the first two generations of sleptons are
especially sensitive to LFV effects involving $\tau-\mu$ transitions. If these
mass-splittings are LFV induced, high-energy LFV processes like the neutralino
decay ${\nt}_2\to\nt_1\tau^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}$ as well as low-energy LFV processes
like $\tau\to\mu\gamma$ are unavoidable. We show that precise slepton
mass-splitting measurements and LFV processes both at the high- and low-energy
scales are highly complementary in the attempt to (partially) reconstruct the
flavour sector of the SUSY model at work. The present study represents another
proof of the synergy and interplay existing between the LHC, i.e. the {\em
high-energy frontier}, and high-precision low-energy experiments, i.e. the {\em
high-intensity frontier}.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures. v2: added discussion on backgrounds, added
  references, version to be published on JHE
Dark matter from dynamical SUSY breaking

We consider explicit models of dynamical supersymmetry breaking where dark
matter is a 10 -- 100 TeV strongly-interacting composite state carrying no
standard model quantum numbers. These constructions are simple variants of
well-known supersymmetry breaking mechanisms, augmented to allow for a large
"flavor" symmetry. Dark matter is the lightest composite modulus charged under
this symmetry and is a viable cold dark matter candidate with a thermal relic
abundance. This is an attractive possibility in low-scale gauge-mediated
scenarios where the gravitino is the lightest superparticle. A light R-axion
associated with supersymmetry breaking is present in these hidden sectors and
serves as the portal between dark matter and the standard model. Such scenarios
are relevant for present and future indirect detection experiments
General Gauge Mediation with Gauge Messengers

We generalize the General Gauge Mediation formalism to allow for the
possibility of gauge messengers. Gauge messengers occur when charged matter
fields of the susy-breaking sector have non-zero F-terms, which leads to
tree-level, susy-breaking mass splittings in the gauge fields. A classic
example is that SU(5) / SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1) gauge fields could be gauge
messengers. We give a completely general, model independent, current-algebra
based analysis of gauge messenger mediation of susy-breaking to the visible
sector. Characteristic aspects of gauge messengers include enhanced
contributions to gaugino masses, (tachyonic) sfermion mass-squareds generated
already at one loop, and also at two loops, and significant one-loop A-terms,
already at the messenger scale.Comment: 79 pages, 5 figure
A SUSY GUT of Flavour with S4 x SU(5) to NLO

We construct a Supersymmetric (SUSY) Grand Unified Theory (GUT) of Flavour
based on S4 x SU(5), together with an additional (global or local) Abelian
symmetry, and study it to next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy. The model
includes a successful description of quark and lepton masses and mixing angles
at leading order (LO) incorporating the Gatto-Sartori-Tonin (GST) relation and
the Georgi-Jarlskog (GJ) relations. We study the vacuum alignment arising from
F-terms to NLO and such corrections are shown to have a negligible effect on
the results for fermion masses and mixings achieved at LO. Tri-bimaximal (TB)
mixing in the neutrino sector is predicted very accurately up to NLO
corrections of order 0.1%. Including charged lepton mixing corrections implies
small deviations from TB mixing described by a precise sum rule, accurately
maximal atmospheric mixing and a reactor mixing angle close to three degrees.Comment: 44 pages, 1 figure, version to be published in JHE
The phase diagram of Yang-Mills theory with a compact extra dimension

We present a non-perturbative study of the phase diagram of SU(2) Yang-Mills
theory in a five-dimensional spacetime with a compact extra dimension. The
non-renormalizable theory is regularized on an anisotropic lattice and
investigated through numerical simulations in a regime characterized by a
hierarchy between the scale of low-energy physics, the inverse compactification
radius, and the cutoff scale. We map out the structure of the phase diagram and
the pattern of lines corresponding to fixed values of the ratio between the
mass of the fifth component of the gauge field and the non-perturbative mass
gap of the four-dimensional modes. We discuss different limits of the model,
and comment on the implications of our findings.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figure
Sublattice Counting and Orbifolds

Abelian orbifolds of C^3 are known to be encoded by hexagonal brane tilings.
To date it is not known how to count all such orbifolds. We fill this gap by
employing number theoretic techniques from crystallography, and by making use
of Polya's Enumeration Theorem. The results turn out to be beautifully encoded
in terms of partition functions and Dirichlet Series. The same methods apply to
counting orbifolds of any toric non-compact Calabi-Yau singularity. As
additional examples, we count the orbifolds of the conifold, of the L^{aba}
theories, and of C^4.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figure
BPS black holes, the Hesse potential, and the topological string

The Hesse potential is constructed for a class of four-dimensional N=2
supersymmetric effective actions with S- and T-duality by performing the
relevant Legendre transform by iteration. It is a function of fields that
transform under duality according to an arithmetic subgroup of the classical
dualities reflecting the monodromies of the underlying string compactification.
These transformations are not subject to corrections, unlike the
transformations of the fields that appear in the effective action which are
affected by the presence of higher-derivative couplings. The class of actions
that are considered includes those of the FHSV and the STU model. We also
consider heterotic N=4 supersymmetric compactifications. The Hesse potential,
which is equal to the free energy function for BPS black holes, is manifestly
duality invariant. Generically it can be expanded in terms of powers of the
modulus that represents the inverse topological string coupling constant,
$g_s$, and its complex conjugate. The terms depending holomorphically on $g_s$
are expected to correspond to the topological string partition function and
this expectation is explicitly verified in two cases. Terms proportional to
mixed powers of $g_s$ and $\bar g_s$ are in principle present.Comment: 28 pages, LaTeX, added comment
Suppression of Lepton Flavour Violation from Quantum Corrections above
  $M_{GUT}$

We study the predictions for sfermion masses and Lepton Flavour Violation
(LFV) for the WMAP preferred parameter space in $b-\tau$ Yukawa-unified models
with massive neutrinos. A soft term structure as predicted by an Abelian
flavour symmetry combined with SU(5) RGEs for scales above $M_{GUT}$, results
to an efficient suppression of the off-diagonal terms in the scalar soft
matrices, particularly for $m_0< 100$ GeV. Using the WMAP bounds, this implies
$35\le\tan\beta \le 45$, $350\,\mathrm{GeV}\le m_{1/2}\le 1\,\mathrm{TeV}$,
with the higher $\tan\beta$ values being favored. Within this framework, SU(5)
unification becomes compatible with the current experimental bounds, in
contrast to the conventional case where the soft terms are postulated at the
GUT scale.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figs
Strings on Bubbling Geometries

We study gauge theory operators which take the form of a product of a trace
with a Schur polynomial, and their string theory duals. These states represent
strings excited on bubbling AdS geometries which are dual to the Schur
polynomials. These geometries generically take the form of multiple annuli in
the phase space plane. We study the coherent state wavefunction of the lattice,
which labels the trace part of the operator, for a general Young tableau and
their dual description on the droplet plane with a general concentric ring
pattern. In addition we identify a density matrix over the coherent states on
all the geometries within a fixed constraint. This density matrix may be used
to calculate the entropy of a given ensemble of operators. We finally recover
the BMN string spectrum along the geodesic near any circle from the ansatz of
the coherent state wavefunction.Comment: 41 pages, 12 figures, published version in JHE
Aspects of Non-minimal Gauge Mediation

A large class of non-minimal gauge mediation models, such as (semi-)direct
gauge mediation, predict a hierarchy between the masses of the supersymmetric
standard model gauginos and those of scalar particles. We perform a
comprehensive study of these non-minimal gauge mediation models, including mass
calculations in semi-direct gauge mediation, to illustrate these features, and
discuss the phenomenology of the models. We point out that the cosmological
gravitino problem places stringent constraints on mass splittings, when the
Bino is the NLSP. However, the GUT relation of the gaugino masses is broken
unlike the case of minimal gauge mediation, and an NLSP other than the Bino
(especially the gluino NLSP) becomes possible, relaxing the cosmological
constraints. We also discuss the collider signals of the models.Comment: 56 pages, 8 figures; v2:minor corrections, references added; v3:minor
  correction
Seesaw Neutrino Signals at the Large Hadron Collider

We discuss the scenario with gauge singlet fermions (right-handed neutrinos)
accessible at the energy of the Large Hadron Collider. The singlet fermions
generate tiny neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism and also have sizable
couplings to the standard-model particles. We demonstrate that these two facts,
which are naively not satisfied simultaneously, are reconciled in the
five-dimensional framework in various fashions, which make the seesaw mechanism
observable. The collider signal of tri-lepton final states with transverse
missing energy is investigated for two explicit examples of the observable
seesaw, taking account of three types of neutrino mass spectrum and the
constraint from lepton flavor violation. We find by showing the significance of
signal discovery that the collider experiment has a potential to find signals
of extra dimensions and the origin of small neutrino masses.Comment: 27 pages, 4 figure
Probing Variant Axion Models at LHC

We study collider implications of variant axion models which naturally avoid
the cosmological domain wall problem. We find that in such models the branching
ratio of $h \to \gamma\gamma$ can be enhanced by a factor of 5 up to 30 as
compared with the standard model prediction. The $h \to \gamma\gamma$ process
is therefore a promising channel to discover a light Higgs boson at the LHC and
to probe the Peccei-Quinn charge assignment of the standard model fields from
Yukawa interactions.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Generalized scaling function from light-cone gauge AdS_5 x S^5
  superstring

We revisit the computation of the 2-loop correction to the energy of a folded
spinning string in AdS_5 with an angular momentum J in S^5 in the scaling limit
log S, J >>1 with J / log S fixed. This correction gives the third term in the
strong-coupling expansion of the generalized scaling function. The computation,
using the AdS light-cone gauge approach developed in our previous paper, is
done by expanding the AdS_5 x S^5 superstring partition function near the
generalized null cusp world surface associated to the spinning string solution.
The result corrects and extends the previous conformal gauge result of
arXiv:0712.2479 and is found to be in complete agreement with the corresponding
terms in the generalized scaling function as obtained from the asymptotic Bethe
ansatz in arXiv:0805.4615 (and also partially from the quantum O(6) model and
the Bethe ansatz data in arXiv:0809.4952). This provides a highly nontrivial
strong coupling comparison of the Bethe ansatz proposal with the quantum AdS_5
x S^5 superstring theory, which goes beyond the leading semiclassical term
effectively controlled by the underlying algebraic curve. The 2-loop
computation we perform involves all the structures in the AdS light-cone gauge
superstring action of hep-th/0009171 and thus tests its ultraviolet finiteness
and, through the agreement with the Bethe ansatz, its quantum integrability. We
do most of the computations for a generalized spinning string solution or the
corresponding null cusp surface that involves both the orbital momentum and the
winding in a large circle of S^5.Comment: 50 pages, late
On the new massive gravity and AdS/CFT

Demanding the existence of a simple holographic $c$-theorem, it is shown that
a general (parity preserving) theory of gravity in 2+1 dimensions involving
upto four derivative curvature invariants reduces to the new massive gravity
theory. We consider extending the theory including upto six derivative
curvature invariants. Black hole solutions are presented and consistency with
1+1 CFTs is checked. We present evidence that bulk unitarity is still in
conflict with a positive CFT central charge for generic choice of parameters.
However, for a special choice of parameters appearing in the four and six
derivative terms reduces the linearized equations to be two derivative, thereby
ameliorating the unitarity problem.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures. v4: typo correcte
Non-perturbative Vacuum Destabilization and D-brane Dynamics

We analyze the process of string vacuum destabilization due to instanton
induced superpotential couplings which depend linearly on charged fields. These
non-perturbative instabilities result in potentials for the D-brane moduli and
lead to processes of D-brane recombination, motion and partial moduli
stabilization at the non-perturbative vacuum. By using techniques of D-brane
instanton calculus, we explicitly compute this scalar potential in toroidal
orbifold compactifications with magnetized D-branes by summing over the
possible discrete instanton configurations. We illustrate explicitly the
resulting dynamics in globally consistent models. These instabilities can have
phenomenological applications to breaking hidden sector gauge groups, open
string moduli stabilization and supersymmetry breaking. Our results suggest
that breaking supersymmetry by Polonyi-like models in string theory is more
difficult than expected.Comment: 61 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables; Minor corrections, version published
  in JHE
Taming open/closed string duality with a Losev trick

A target space string field theory formulation for open and closed B-model is
provided by giving a Batalin-Vilkovisky quantization of the holomorphic
Chern-Simons theory with off-shell gravity background. The target space
expression for the coefficients of the holomorphic anomaly equation for open
strings are obtained. Furthermore, open/closed string duality is proved from a
judicious integration over the open string fields. In particular, by
restriction to the case of independence on continuous open moduli, the shift
formulas of [7] are reproduced and shown therefore to encode the data of a
closed string dual.Comment: 22 pages, no figures; v.2 Refs. and a comment added
QCD-like theories at nonzero temperature and density

We investigate the properties of hot and/or dense matter in QCD-like theories
with quarks in a (pseudo)real representation of the gauge group using the
Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. The gauge dynamics is modeled using a simple lattice
spin model with nearest-neighbor interactions. We first keep our discussion as
general as possible, and only later focus on theories with adjoint quarks of
two or three colors. Calculating the phase diagram in the plane of temperature
and quark chemical potential, it is qualitatively confirmed that the critical
temperature of the chiral phase transition is much higher than the
deconfinement transition temperature. At a chemical potential equal to half of
the diquark mass in the vacuum, a diquark Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC)
phase transition occurs. In the two-color case, a Ginzburg-Landau expansion is
used to study the tetracritical behavior around the intersection point of the
deconfinement and BEC transition lines, which are both of second order. We
obtain a compact expression for the expectation value of the Polyakov loop in
an arbitrary representation of the gauge group (for any number of colors),
which allows us to study Casimir scaling at both nonzero temperature and
chemical potential.Comment: JHEP class, 31 pages, 7 eps figures; v2: error in Eq. (3.11) fixed,
  two references added; matches published versio
Gravity waves and the LHC: Towards high-scale inflation with low-energy
  SUSY

It has been argued that rather generic features of string-inspired
inflationary theories with low-energy supersymmetry (SUSY) make it difficult to
achieve inflation with a Hubble scale H > m_{3/2}, where m_{3/2} is the
gravitino mass in the SUSY-breaking vacuum state. We present a class of
string-inspired supergravity realizations of chaotic inflation where a simple,
dynamical mechanism yields hierarchically small scales of post-inflationary
supersymmetry breaking. Within these toy models we can easily achieve small
ratios between m_{3/2} and the Hubble scale of inflation. This is possible
because the expectation value of the superpotential <W> relaxes from large to
small values during the course of inflation. However, our toy models do not
provide a reasonable fit to cosmological data if one sets the SUSY-breaking
scale to m_{3/2} < TeV. Our work is a small step towards relieving the apparent
tension between high-scale inflation and low-scale supersymmetry breaking in
string compactifications.Comment: 21+1 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX, v2: added references, v3: very minor
  changes, version to appear in JHE
TBA for non-perturbative moduli spaces

Recently, an exact description of instanton corrections to the moduli spaces
of 4d N=2 supersymmetric gauge theories compactified on a circle and Calabi-Yau
compactifications of Type II superstring theories was found. The equations
determining the instanton contributions turn out to have the form of
Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz. We explore further this relation and, in
particular, we identify the contact potential of quaternionic string moduli
space with the free energy of the integrable system and the Kahler potential of
the gauge theory moduli space with the Yang-Yang functional. We also show that
the corresponding S-matrix satisfies all usual constraints of 2d integrable
models, including crossing and bootstrap, and derive the associated Y-system.
Surprisingly, in the simplest case the Y-system is described by the MacMahon
function relevant for crystal melting and topological strings.Comment: 25 pages, 1 figur
CP violation in sbottom decays

We study CP asymmetries in two-body decays of bottom squarks into charginos
and tops. These asymmetries probe the SUSY CP phases of the sbottom and the
chargino sector in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. We identify the
MSSM parameter space where the CP asymmetries are sizeable, and analyze the
feasibility of their observation at the LHC. As a result, potentially
detectable CP asymmetries in sbottom decays are found, which motivates further
detailed experimental studies for probing the SUSY CP phases.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figure
New physics searches at near detectors of neutrino oscillation
  experiments

We systematically investigate the prospects of testing new physics with tau
sensitive near detectors at neutrino oscillation facilities. For neutrino beams
from pion decay, from the decay of radiative ions, as well as from the decays
of muons in a storage ring at a neutrino factory, we discuss which effective
operators can lead to new physics effects. Furthermore, we discuss the present
bounds on such operators set by other experimental data currently available.
For operators with two leptons and two quarks we present the first complete
analysis including all relevant operators simultaneously and performing a
Markov Chain Monte Carlo fit to the data. We find that these effects can induce
tau neutrino appearance probabilities as large as O(10^{-4}), which are within
reach of forthcoming experiments. We highlight to which kind of new physics a
tau sensitive near detector would be most sensitive.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figures, REVTeX
Reconstructing particle masses from pairs of decay chains

A method is proposed for determining the masses of the new particles N,X,Y,Z
in collider events containing a pair of effectively identical decay chains Z to
Y+jet, Y to X+l_1, X to N+l_2, where l_1, l_2 are opposite-sign same-flavour
charged leptons and N is invisible. By first determining the upper edge of the
dilepton invariant mass spectrum, we reduce the problem to a curve for each
event in the 3-dimensional space of mass-squared differences. The region
through which most curves pass then determines the unknown masses. A
statistical approach is applied to take account of mismeasurement of jet and
missing momenta. The method is easily visualized and rather robust against
combinatorial ambiguities and finite detector resolution. It can be successful
even for small event samples, since it makes full use of the kinematical
information from every event.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure