pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Engineering Nucleotide Specificity of Succinyl-CoA Synthetase in Blastocystis: The Emerging Role of Gatekeeper Residues.

PublishedJournal ArticleThis is the final version of the article. Available from American Chemical Society via the DOI in this record.Charged, solvent-exposed residues at the entrance to the substrate binding site (gatekeeper residues) produce electrostatic dipole interactions with approaching substrates, and control their access by a novel mechanism called "electrostatic gatekeeper effect". This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the nucleotide specificity can be engineered by altering the electrostatic properties of the gatekeeper residues outside the binding site. Using Blastocystis succinyl-CoA synthetase (SCS, EC 6.2.1.5), we demonstrated that the gatekeeper mutant (ED) resulted in ATP-specific SCS to show high GTP specificity. Moreover, nucleotide binding site mutant (LF) had no effect on GTP specificity and remained ATP-specific. However, via combination of the gatekeeper mutant with the nucleotide binding site mutant (ED+LF), a complete reversal of nucleotide specificity was obtained with GTP, but no detectable activity was obtained with ATP. This striking result of the combined mutant (ED+LF) was due to two changes; negatively charged gatekeeper residues (ED) favored GTP access, and nucleotide binding site residues (LF) altered ATP binding, which was consistent with the hypothesis of the "electrostatic gatekeeper effect". These results were further supported by molecular modeling and simulation studies. Hence, it is imperative to extend the strategy of the gatekeeper effect in a different range of crucial enzymes (synthetases, kinases, and transferases) to engineer substrate specificity for various industrial applications and substrate-based drug design.Work is supported by the National Institute of Malaria Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi and Dept. of Biotechnology, New Delhi. K.C.P. is a recipient of the Prof. Ramalingaswami Fellowship (Department of Biotechnology, Government of India (BT/HRD/35/02/2006), K.V. is a recipient of UGC Senior Research Fellowship, M.v.d.G. is grateful for support from the University of Exeter and the Wellcome Trust (078566/A/05/Z)
10Be in the Akademii Nauk ice core – first results for CE 1590-1950 and implications for future chronology validation

Temporal variations of the radionuclide 10Be are broadly synchronous across the globe and thus provide a powerful tool to synchronize ice core chronologies from different locations. We compared the 10Be record of the Akademii Nauk (AN) ice core (Russian Arctic) for the time period CE 1590–1950 to the 10Be records of two well-dated Greenland ice cores (Dye3 and NGRIP). A high correlation (r = 0.59) was found between the AN and Dye3 records whereas the correlation with NGRIP was distinctly lower (r = 0.45). Sources of deviations may include local fluctuations in the deposition of 10Be due to changes in the precipitation patterns, and artefacts due to the core-sampling strategy. In general, the existing age model was validated, confirming the AN ice core to be a unique and well-dated source of palaeoclimate parameters for the Russian Arctic. We further used numerical simulations to test the influence of the core-sampling strategy on the results and derived an optimized sampling strategy for the deeper parts of the ice core
AGN-host connection at 0.5 <z <2.5:A rapid evolution of AGN fraction in red galaxies during the last 10 Gyr

We explore the dependence of the incidence of moderate-luminosity (L0.5-8 keV = 1041.9-43.7 erg s-1) active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and the distribution of their accretion rates on host color at 0.5 ∗ > 1010 M⊙. We use extinction-corrected rest-frame U-V colors to divide both AGN hosts and non-AGN galaxies into red sequence (red), green valley (green), and blue cloud (blue) populations. We find that the fraction of galaxies hosting an AGN at fixed X-ray luminosity increases with stellar mass and redshift for all the three galaxy populations, independent of their colors. However, both the AGN fraction at fixed stellar mass and its evolution with redshift are clearly dependent on host colors. Most notably, red galaxies have the lowest AGN fraction (∼5%) at z ∼ 1 yet with most rapid evolution with redshift, increasing by a factor of ∼5 (24%) at z ∼ 2. Green galaxies exhibit the highest AGN fraction across all redshifts, which is most pronounced at z ∼ 2 with more than half of them hosting an AGN at M∗ > 1010.6 M⊙. Together with the high AGN fraction in red galaxies at z ∼ 2, this indicates that (X-ray) AGNs could be important in both transforming (quenching) star-forming galaxies into quiescent ones and subsequently maintaining their quiescence at high redshift. Furthermore, consistent with previous studies at lower redshifts, we show that the probability of hosting an AGN for the total galaxy population can be characterized by a universal Eddington ratio (as approximated by LX/M∗) distribution (p(λEdd) ∼ λEdd -0.4), which is independent on host mass. Yet consistent with their different AGN fractions, galaxies with different colors appear to also have different p(λEdd) with red galaxies exhibiting more rapid redshift evolution compared with that for green and blue galaxies. Evidence for a steeper power-law distribution of p(λEdd) in red galaxies (p(λEdd) ∼ λEdd -0.6) is also presented, though larger samples are needed to confirm. These results suggest that the AGN accretion or the growth of supermassive black holes is related to their host properties, and may also influence their hosts in a different mode dependent on the host color
Search for natural supersymmetry in events with top quark pairs and
  photons in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 8 TeV

Results are presented from a search for natural gauge-mediated supersymmetry
(SUSY) in a scenario in which the top squark is the lightest squark, the
next-to-lightest SUSY particle is a bino-like neutralino, and the lightest SUSY
particle is the gravitino. The strong production of top squark pairs can
produce events with pairs of top quarks and neutralinos, with each bino-like
neutralino decaying to a photon and a gravitino. The search is performed using
a sample of pp collision data accumulated by the CMS experiment at $\sqrt{s} =
$8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{-1}$. The final
state consists of a lepton (electron or muon), jets, and one or two photons.
The imbalance in transverse momentum in the events is compared with the
expected spectrum from standard model processes. No excess event yield is
observed beyond the expected background, and the result is interpreted in the
context of a general model of gauge-mediated SUSY breaking that leads to
exclusion of top squark masses below 650-730 GeV.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SUS-15-00
Measurement of the cross section for electroweak production of Z gamma in association with two jets and constraints on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A measurement is presented of the cross section for the electroweak production of a Z boson and a photon in association with two jets in proton–proton collisions at View the MathML sources=8 TeV. The Z bosons are identified through their decays to electron or muon pairs. The measurement is based on data collected with the CMS detector corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. The electroweak contribution has a significance of 3.0 standard deviations, and the measured fiducial cross section is View the MathML source1.86−0.75+0.90(stat)−0.26+0.34(syst)±0.05(lumi) fb, while the summed electroweak and quantum chromodynamic total cross section in the same region is observed to be View the MathML source5.94−1.35+1.53(stat)−0.37+0.43(syst)±0.13(lumi) fb. Both measurements are consistent with the leading-order standard model predictions. Limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings are set based on the ZγZγ mass distribution
How to share knowledge by gossiping

Given n agents each of which has a secret (a fact not known to anybody else), the classical version of the gossip problem is to achieve shared knowledge of all secrets in a minimal number of phone calls. There exist protocols achieving shared knowledge in 2(n−2) calls: when the protocol terminates everybody knows all the secrets. We generalize that problem and focus on higher-order shared knowledge: how many calls does it take to obtain that everybody knows that everybody knows all secrets? More generally, how many calls does it take to obtain shared knowledge of order k? This requires not only the communication of secrets, but also the communication of knowledge about secrets. We give a protocol that works in (k+1)(n−2) steps and prove that it is correct: it achieves shared knowledge of level k. The proof is presented in a dynamic epistemic logic that is based on the observability of propositional variables by agents
CP Violation in Multibody $B$ Decays from QCD Factorization

We test a data-driven approach based on QCD factorization for charmless
three-body $B$-decays by confronting it to measurements of CP violation in $B^-
\to \pi^- \pi^+ \pi^-$. While some of the needed non-perturbative objects can
be directly extracted from data, some others can, so far, only be modelled.
Although this approach is currently model dependent, we comment on the
perspectives to reduce this model dependence. While our model naturally
accommodates the gross features of the Dalitz distribution, it cannot
quantitatively explain the details seen in the current experimental data on
local CP asymmetries. We comment on possible refinements of our simple model
and conclude by briefly discussing a possible extension of the model to large
invariant masses, where large local CP asymmetries have been measured.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures, added reference
Symmetric form for the hyperbolic-parabolic system of fourth-gradient
  fluid model

The fourth-gradient model for fluids-associated with an extended molecular
mean-field theory of capillarity-is considered. By producing fluctuations of
density near the critical point like in computational molecular dynamics, the
model is more realistic and richer than van der Waals' one and other models
associated with a second order expansion. The aim of the paper is to prove-with
a fourth-gradient internal energy already obtained by the mean field
theory-that the quasi-linear system of conservation laws can be written in an
Hermitian symmetric form implying the stability of constant solutions. The
result extends the symmetric hyperbolicity property of governing-equations'
systems when an equation of energy associated with high order deformation of a
continuum medium is taken into account
Search for s channel single top quark production in pp collisions at √s = 7 and 8 TeV

A search is presented for single top quark production in the s channel in proton-proton collisions with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in decay modes of the top quark containing a muon or an electron in the final state. The signal is extracted through a maximum-likelihood fit to the distribution of a multivariate discriminant defined using boosted decision trees to separate the expected signal contribution from background processes. The analysis uses data collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV and corresponding to integrated luminosities of 5.1 and 19.7 fb−1, respectively. The measured cross sections of 7.1 ± 8.1 pb (at 7 TeV) and 13.4 ± 7.3 pb (at 8 TeV) result in a best fit value of 2.0 ± 0.9 for the combined ratio of the measured and expected values. The signal significance is 2.5 standard deviations, and the upper limit on the rate relative to the standard model expectation is 4.7 at 95% confidence level.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
A density-functional theory study of the confined soft ellipsoid fluid

A system of soft ellipsoid molecules confined between two planar walls is studied using classical density-functional theory. Both the isotropic and nematic phases are considered. The excess free energy is evaluated using two different Ansätze and the intermolecular interaction is incorporated using two different direct correlation functions (DCF’s). The first is a numerical DCF obtained from simulations of bulk soft ellipsoid fluids and the second is taken from the Parsons–Lee theory. In both the isotropic and nematic phases the numerical DCF gives density and order parameter profiles in reasonable agreement with simulation. The Parsons–Lee DCF also gives reasonable agreement in the isotropic phase but poor agreement in the nematic phase
A systematic review : the effects of orientation programs for cancer patients and their family/carers

Objectives\ud
\ud
To assess the effects of information interventions which orient patients and their carers/family to a cancer care facility and the services available within the facility.\ud
\ud
Design\ud
\ud
Systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), cluster RCTs and quasi-RCTs.\ud
\ud
Data sources\ud
\ud
MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.\ud
\ud
Methods\ud
\ud
We included studies evaluating the effect of an orientation intervention, compared with a control group which received usual care, or with trials comparing one orientation intervention with another orientation intervention.\ud
\ud
Results\ud
\ud
Four RCTs of 610 participants met the criteria for inclusion. Findings from two RCTs demonstrated significant benefits of the orientation intervention in relation to reduced levels of distress (mean difference (MD): −8.96, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): −11.79 to −6.13), but non-significant benefits in relation to the levels state anxiety levels (MD −9.77) (95%CI: −24.96 to 5.41). There are insufficient data on the other outcomes of interest.\ud
\ud
Conclusions\ud
\ud
This review has demonstrated the feasibility and some potential benefits of orientation interventions. There was a low level of evidence to suggest that orientation interventions can reduce distress in patients. However, other outcomes, including patient knowledge recall/satisfaction, remain inconclusive. The majority of trials were subjected to high risk of bias and were likely to be insufficiently powered. Further well conducted and powered RCTs are required to provide evidence for determining the most appropriate intensity, nature, mode and resources for such interventions. Patient and carer-focused outcomes should be included
The influence of online reviews on consumers’ attributions of service quality and control for service standards in hotels

Online travel reviews are emerging as a powerful source of information affecting tourists' pre-purchase evaluation of a hotel organization. This trend has highlighted the need for a greater understanding of the impact of online reviews on consumer attitudes and behaviors. In view of this need, we investigate the influence of online hotel reviews on consumers' attributions of service quality and firms' ability to control service delivery. An experimental design was used to examine the effects of four independent variables: framing; valence; ratings; and target. The results suggest that in reviews evaluating a hotel, remarks related to core services are more likely to induce positive service quality attributions. Recent reviews affect customers' attributions of controllability for service delivery, with negative reviews exerting an unfavorable influence on consumers' perceptions. The findings highlight the importance of managing the core service and the need for managers to act promptly in addressing customer service problems
Bending angle prediction and control of soft pneumatic actuators with embedded flex sensors - a data-driven approach

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY/4.0/). Supplementary data for this article is available in the Loughborough Data Repository at doi: 10.17028/rd.lboro.5509528In this paper, a purely data-driven modelling approach is presented for predicting and controlling the free bending angle response of a typical soft pneumatic actuator (SPA), embedded with a resistive flex sensor. An experimental setup was constructed to test the SPA at different input pressure values and orientations, while recording the resulting feedback from the embedded flex sensor and on-board pressure sensor. A calibrated high speed camera captures image frames during the actuation, which are then analysed using an image processing program to calculate the actual bending angle and synchronise it with the recorded sensory feedback. Empirical models were derived based on the generated experimental data using two common data-driven modelling techniques; regression analysis and artificial neural networks. Both techniques were validated using a new dataset at untrained operating conditions to evaluate their prediction accuracy. Furthermore, the derived empirical model was used as part of a closed-loop PID controller to estimate and control the bending angle of the tested SPA based on the real-time sensory feedback generated. The tuned PID controller allowed the bending SPA to accurately follow stepped and sinusoidal reference signals, even in the presence of pressure leaks in the pneumatic supply. This work demonstrates how purely data-driven models can be effectively used in controlling the bending of SPAs under different operating conditions, avoiding the need for complex analytical modelling and material characterisation. Ultimately, the aim is to create more controllable soft grippers based on such SPAs with embedded sensing capabilities, to be used in applications requiring both a ‘soft touch’ as well as a more controllable object manipulation
Effect of Linguistic Heterogeneity on Technology Transfer: An Economic Study of FIFA Football Rankings.

This paper used the Fédération International de Football Association (FIFA) world ranking points data to examine how linguistic heterogeneity has an impact on technology transfer from the most developed countries. The major findings are: (1) the learning effect from the most developed countries on team performance i
s larger for developing countries than for developed countries. (2) Linguistic heterogeneity has a detrimental effect on technology transfer for the developed countries but not for the developing countries. The results presented here are interpreted as implying that the importance of common and proper comprehension of team strategy among members, which is hampered by linguistic heterogeneity, in improving team performance, depends upon the development stage.
Nerve commitment in Hydra. I. Role of morphogenetic signals

The kinetics of nerve commitment during head regeneration in Hydra were investigated using a newly developed assay for committed cells. Committed nerve precursors were assayed by their ability to continue nerve differentiation following explanation of small pieces of tissue. Committed nerve precursors appear at the site of regeneration within 6 hr after cutting and increase rapidly. The increase is localized to the site of regeneration and does not occur at proximal sites in the body column of the regenerate. The increase is delayed about 8–12 hr when regeneration occurs at sites lower in the body column. The results show, furthermore, that redistribution of committed precursors does not play a major role in the pattern of nerve differentiation during regeneration. Since the increase in committed nerves coincides with the increase in morphogenetic potential of the regenerating tissue, the results strengthen the idea that morphogenetic signals are involved directly in the control of nerve commitment in Hydra.
Developing constructs of anatomy education environment\ud
measurement: A Delphi study

Inadequate anatomical knowledge due to unsatisfactory anatomy education environment has contributed to poor clinical\ud
performance among medical graduates. Unfortunately, no specific environment measurement tool is available. Delphi technique\ud
was conducted to identify the anatomy education environment components and their items. It involved identification of possible\ud
components and their definitions by nine anatomists which were then appraised and verified, getting critical appraisal from five\ud
medical educationists, determining suitable items for each component and finally appraised by content experts. Eleven\ud
components with 129 items that might represent the anatomy education environment were proposed. Further validation is\ud
required to determine its psychometric properties
Search for top quark partners with charge 5/3 in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search for the production of heavy partners of the top quark with charge 5/3 (X5/3) decaying into a top quark and a W boson is performed with a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 fb−1, collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Final states with either a pair of same-sign leptons or a single lepton, along with jets, are considered. No significant excess is observed in the data above the expected standard model background contribution and an X5/3 quark with right-handed (left-handed) couplings is excluded at 95% confidence level for masses below 1020 (990) GeV. These are the first limits based on a combination of the same-sign dilepton and the single-lepton final states, as well as the most stringent limits on the X5/3 mass to date
Descriptors of Posidonia oceanica meadows: Use and application

The conservation of the coastal marine environment requires the possession of information that enables the global quality of the environment to be evaluated reliably and relatively quickly. The use of biological indicators is often an appropriate method. Seagrasses in general, and Posidonia oceanica meadows in particular, are considered to be appropriate for biomonitoring because of their wide distribution, reasonable size, sedentary habit, easy collection and abundance and sensitivity to modifications of littoral zone. Reasoned management, on the scale of the whole Mediterranean basin, requires standardized methods of study, to be applied by both researchers and administrators, enabling comparable results to be obtained. This paper synthesises the existing methods applied to monitor P. oceanica meadows, identifies the most suitable techniques and suggests future research directions. From the results of a questionnaire, distributed to all the identified laboratories working on this topic, a list of the most commonly used descriptors was drawn up, together with the related research techniques (e.g. standardization, interest and limits, valuation of the results). It seems that the techniques used to study meadows are rather similar, but rarely identical, even though the various teams often refer to previously published works. This paper shows the interest of a practical guide that describes, in a standardized way, the most useful techniques enabling P. oceanica meadows to be used as an environmental descriptor. Indeed, it constitutes the first stage in the process. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer reviewe