pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Post-depositional tectonic modifications of VMS deposits in Iberia and its economic significance

The original stratigraphic relationships and structure of VMS deposits are commonly obscured by deformation. This can also affect their economic significance, as shown by several Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB, SW Iberia) examples. The contrasting rheologic properties of the different lithologies present in an orebody (massive sulphide, feeder stockwork, alteration envelope, volcanic and sedimentary rocks) playa major role in determining its overall behaviour. Variscan thin-skinned tectonics led to stacking of the massive pyrite and stockwork bodies in duplex structures, resulting in local thickening and increased tonnage of minable mineralization. Furthermore, differential mechanical behaviour of the different sulphide minerals localised the detachments along relatively ductile sulphide-rich bands. The result was a geochemical and mineralogical reorganisation of most deposits, which now consist of barren, massive pyrite horses, bounded by base metal-rich ductile shear zones. Metal redistribution was enhanced by mobilisation of the base metal sulphides from the initially impoverished massive pyrite, through pressuresolution processes, to tensional fissures within the already ductile shear zones. In NW Iberia, VMS deposits were also strongly overprinted by the Variscan deformation during emplacement of the Cabo Ortegal and Órdenes allochthonous nappe complexes, but no stacking of the orebodies was produced. Original contacts were transposed, and the orebodies, their feeder zones and the country rock acquired pronounced laminar geometry. In lower-grade rocks (greenschist facies, Cabo Ortegal Complex), solution transfer mechanisms are common in pyrite, which remains in the brittle domain, while chalcopyrite shows ductile behaviour. In higher-grade rocks (amphibolite facies, Órdenes Complex), metamorphic recrystallisation overprints earlier deformation textures. The contrasting behaviour of the IPB and NW Iberian deposits is explained by key factors that affect their final geometry, composition and economics, such as pre-deformation structure, size and mineralogical composition of the orebody and associated lithologies, temperature, crustal level, deviatoric stress and availability of a fluid phase during deformation and the style and rate of deformation
Mechanical behaviour and rupture of normal and pathological human ascending aortic wall

The mechanical properties of aortic wall, both healthy and pathological, are needed in order to develop and improve diagnostic and interventional criteria, and for the development of mechanical models to assess arterial integrity. This study focuses on the mechanical behaviour and rupture conditions of the human ascending aorta and its relationship with age and pathologies. Fresh ascending aortic specimens harvested from 23 healthy donors, 12 patients with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) and 14 with aneurysm were tensile-tested in vitro under physiological conditions. Tensile strength, stretch at failure and elbow stress were measured. The obtained results showed that age causes a major reduction in the mechanical parameters of healthy ascending aortic tissue, and that no significant differences are found between the mechanical strength of aneurysmal or BAV aortic specimens and the corresponding age-matched control group. The physiological level of the stress in the circumferential direction was also computed to assess the physiological operation range of healthy and diseased ascending aortas. The mean physiological wall stress acting on pathologic aortas was found to be far from rupture, with factors of safety (defined as the ratio of tensile strength to the mean wall stress) larger than six. In contrast, the physiological operation of pathologic vessels lays in the stiff part of the response curve, losing part of its function of damping the pressure waves from the heart
An efficient ‘a priori’ model reduction for boundary element models

The Boundary Element Method (BEM) is a discretisation technique for solving partial differential equations, which offers, for certain problems, important advantages over domain techniques. Despite the high CPU time reduction that can be achieved, some 3D problems remain today untreatable because the extremely large number of degrees of freedom—dof—involved in the boundary description. Model reduction seems to be an appealing choice for both, accurate and efficient numerical simulations. However, in the BEM the reduction in the number of degrees of freedom does not imply a significant reduction in the CPU time, because in this technique the more important part of the computing time is spent in the construction of the discrete system of equations. In this way, a reduction also in the number of weighting functions, seems to be a key point to render efficient boundary element simulations
High Performance FPGA-oriented mersenne twister uniform random number generator

Mersenne Twister (MT) uniform random number generators are key cores for hardware acceleration of Monte Carlo simulations. In this work, two different architectures are studied: besides the classical table-based architecture, a different architecture based on a circular buffer and especially targeting FPGAs is proposed. A 30% performance improvement has been obtained when compared to the fastest previous work. The applicability of the proposed MT architectures has been proven in a high performance Gaussian RNG
Automatic expert system based on images for accuracy crop row detection in maize fields

This paper proposes an automatic expert system for accuracy crop row detection in maize fields based on images acquired from a vision system. Different applications in maize, particularly those based on site specific treatments, require the identification of the crop rows. The vision system is designed with a defined geometry and installed onboard a mobile agricultural vehicle, i.e. submitted to vibrations, gyros or uncontrolled movements. Crop rows can be estimated by applying geometrical parameters under image perspective projection. Because of the above undesired effects, most often, the estimation results inaccurate as compared to the real crop rows. The proposed expert system exploits the human knowledge which is mapped into two modules based on image processing techniques. The first one is intended for separating green plants (crops and weeds) from the rest (soil, stones and others). The second one is based on the system geometry where the expected crop lines are mapped onto the image and then a correction is applied through the well-tested and robust Theil–Sen estimator in order to adjust them to the real ones. Its performance is favorably compared against the classical Pearson product–moment correlation coefficient
Singularities in DROMO formulation. Analysis of deep flybys

The singularities in Dromo are characterized in this paper, both from an analytical and a numerical perspective. When the angular momentum vanishes, Dromo may encounter a singularity in the evolution equations. The cancellation of the angular momentum occurs in very speci?c situations and may be caused by the action of strong perturbations. The gravitational attraction of a perturbing planet may lead to rapid changes in the angular momentum of the particle. In practice, this situation may be encountered during deep planetocentric ?ybys. The performance of Dromo is evaluated in di?erent scenarios. First, Dromo is validated for integrating the orbit of Near Earth Asteroids. Resulting errors are of the order of the diameter of the asteroid. Second, a set of theoretical ?ybys are designed for analyzing the performance of the formulation in the vicinity of the singularity. New sets of Dromo variables are proposed in order to minimize the dependency of Dromo on the angular momentum. A slower time scale is introduced, leading to a more stable description of the ?yby phase. Improvements in the overall performance of the algorithm are observed when integrating orbits close to the singularity
Comparative study of three types of fine recycled aggregates from construction and demolition waste (CDW), and their use in masonry mortar fabrication

This research aims to study feasibility of incorporation of fine fraction of recycled aggregates coming from construction and demolition waste in cement-based masonry mortar fabrication. Initially, three types of recycled aggregates: concrete, mixed and ceramic recycled aggregates, were characterized in terms of physical, mechanical and chemical properties. There were used 1:3 and 1:4 cement-to-aggregate proportions and replacement percentages of 50%, 75% and 100% respectfully for three types of studied recycled aggregates
Enhanced mechanical energy extraction from transverse galloping using a dual mass system

This paper offers a theoretical study of energy extraction through transverse galloping using a dual-mass system. To this end, a two-degree-of-freedom model is developed where fluid forces on the galloping body are described resorting to quasi-steady hypothesis; the model is solved approximately by using the Harmonic Balance Method. Three possible configurations of the dual-mass system have been analyzed. Two of them show an improvement in the efficiency of energy extraction with respect to that of the single mass configuration when the mechanical properties of the dual-mass system are appropriately chosen. In addition, the dual-mass system promotes a broadening of the values of the incident flow velocities at which the efficiency is kept high
Update of the Urban Heat Island of Madrid and Its Influence on the Building's Energy Simulation

Despite great advances on building energy evaluation, available climate data does not include the effects of the Urban Heat Island (UHI). This phenomenon, which increases the temperature in urban areas, is variable in both time and space, and implies an important lack of accuracy when simulating within an urban context. During this research the relevance of the UHI in relation to the dwellings energy performance has been confirmed, as well as the existing barriers to integrate the current UHI representations into the dynamic energy simulation process. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out an update of the existing models, in order to implement it into the energy evaluation process. In this work, as a first stage of the study and based on current techniques of geolocation and the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), it is established a methodology to acquire automatically an update of the UHI through isotherm maps. It is aimed to set up the starting point from which the integration of the UHI into the energy simulation process will happen
Triaxiality in $^{105}$ Mo and $^{107}$Mo from the low to intermediate spin region

The nuclear structure of the odd $^{105}$ Mo and $^{107}$Mo isotopes was reinvestigated in the present work. The excited levels of $^{105}$ Mo were studied by observing prompt $\gamma$ rays emitted after the spontaneous fission of $^{248}$Cm with the EUROGAM2 multidetector array. The already well studied level structure of $^{107}$Mo was also completed by a search for microsecond isomers. For this purpose, this nucleus was produced by the thermal-neutron induced fission reaction at the ILL reactor, in Grenoble. We have shown that the experimental level energies and the $\gamma$-decay patterns are well reproduced by simple particle-rotor calculations, assuming that these nuclei have an asymmetric shape. The shapes of the odd and even Mo are compared in the neutron range N=62-66
Air quality index pattern of particulate around a\ud
haulage vehicle park

This study investigated the air quality index patterns for PM2.5 and\ud
PM10 in the airshed of a haulage vehicle park located around a major highway\ud
connecting Lagos, the commercial centre of Nigeria to its other parts.\ud
Measurements of PM2.5 and PM10 were done at five different sub-parks using the\ud
aerosol mass monitor GT-331 by Met one instrument. The measured concentrations\ud
ranged between 16.07–29.95 μg m−3 and 125.95–433.08 μg m−3 for PM2.5\ud
and PM10, respectively. The air quality index (AQI) within the park with respect\ud
to PM2.5 could be described as moderate but unhealthy within at least two sub\ud
parks when PM10 is considered; hence, the health of vulnerable people could be\ud
at risk. This study establishes that vehicular activities at the park could have\ud
significant impact on the park’s ambient air quality, thus calls for appropriate\ud
regulatory measure to protect commuters plying the major highway around\ud
the park
Deformed-jellium model for the fission of multiply charged simple metal clusters

Producción CientíficaA deformed-jellium model is used to calculate the fission barrier height of positive doubly charged
sodium clusters within an extended Thomas-Fermi approximation. The fissioning cluster is continuously
deformed from the parent configuration until it splits into two fragments. Although the
shape of the fission barrier obviously depends on the parametrization of the fission path, we have
found that remarkably, the maximum of the barrier corresponds to a configuration in which the
emerging fragments are already formed and rather well apart. The implication of this finding in the
calculation of critical numbers for fission is illustrated in the case of multiply charged Na cluster
Electromagnetic enhancement effect on the atomically abrupt heterojunction of Si/InAs heterostructured nanowires

Producción CientíficaSemiconductor nanowires (NWs) present a great number of unique optical properties associated with their reduced dimension and internal structure. NWs are suitable for the fabrication of defect free Si/III-V heterostructures, allowing the combination of the properties of both Si and III-V compounds. We present here a study of the electromagnetic (EM) resonances on the atomically abrupt heterojunction (HJ) of Si/InAs axially heterostructured NWs. We studied the electromagnetic response of Si/InAs heterojunctions sensed by means of micro-Raman spectroscopy. These measurements reveal a high enhancement of the Si Raman signal when the incident laser beam is focused right on the Si/InAs interface. The experimental Raman observations are compared to simulations of finite element methods for the interaction of the focused laser beam with the heterostructured NW. The simulations explain why the enhancement is detected on the Si signal when illuminating the HJ and also provide a physical framework to understand the interaction between the incident EM field and the heterostructured NW. The understanding of this process opens the possibility of controlling the light absorption/scattering on semiconductor NWs with the use of heterostructures while taking advantage of the properties of both Si and III-V semiconductors. This is important not only for current NW based photonic nanodevices, such as light sensors, but also for the design of new optoelectronic devices based on NWsJunta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación - Ref. Project Nos. VA293U13 and VA081U16)Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (Proyect CICYT MAT2010-20441-C02)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Projects No. ENE 2014-56069-C4-4-R
On computing ELECTRE's credibility indices under partial information

The ELECTRE family of decision aid methods is a well-known approach to help decision makers (DMs) advance in a decision process. Among the most recent methods in the family, ELECTRE IS, III, and TRI compute fuzzy indices for the credibility of a given action outranking some other. We consider the case when the DMs are unsure which values each parameter should take, which may result from insufficient, imprecise or contradictory information, as well as from different preferences among a group of DMs. In the framework of a robustness analysis approach, where DMs provide only partial information on the parameter values (through constraints on acceptable combinations), we study how to find whether an outranking among two actions in an ELECTRE method is robust. In this context, we study the resulting nonlinear problems of optimizing a credibility index (under the type of constraints that we consider to appear in practice) and present some examples. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1360(199903)8:2<74::AID-MCDA234>3.0.CO;2-
X-ray Diffraction and DFT Studies of 2-Methoxy-5-phenylaniline

Abstract  2-Methoxy-5-phenylaniline, a promissor monomer for PANI studies, has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at two temperatures: orthorhombic, space group P212121, Z = 12 with a = 5.9900(2) Å, b = 20.4873(6) Å, c = 26.3727(8) Å and R = 0.0868 for 293(2) K and a = 5.8337(9) Å, b = 20.4428(31) Å, c = 26.0773(40) Å and R = 0.0669 for 120(2) K. There are three independent molecules in the unit cell. One of them is approximately planar, the other two have the phenyl rings rotated. At room temperature the two latter molecules are joined in dimers through H-bonds and at low temperature the same molecules are joined in columns that run along the a-axis.    Index Abstract   X-ray Diffraction and DFT Studies of 2-Methoxy-5-phenylaniline   Ana T. Marques, Joana A. Silva, Manuela Ramos Silva, Ana Matos Beja, Licinia L. G. Justino, Abilio J. F. N. Sobral   2-Methoxy-5-phenylaniline, a promissor monomer for PANI studies, has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 293(2) K and 120(2) K. The three independent molecules in the unit cell show different conformations and establish distinct intermolecular H-bonds.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10870-007-9306-
Importance of exposure route for behavioural responses in  Lumbriculus variegatus Müller (Oligochaeta: Lumbriculida) in short-term exposures to Pb

Abstract Goal, Scope and Background   Lumbriculus variegatus Müller (Oligochaeta), a common freshwater sediment-dweller, has frequently been used in toxicokinetic studies, although has been less used in ecotoxicity tests.    Methods  For the first time the Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor® (MFB) was applied in a short-term whole-sediment toxicity test. The MFB automatically and quantitatively recorded the spontaneous locomotory behaviour of Lumbriculus variegatus in exposures with two compartments, water and sediment. The study questioned, whether the animals altered their locomotion depending on the compartment which was spiked with lead (Pb).    Results and Discussion  As in the exposures to Pb-contaminated water/clean sediment, the animals exposed to Pb-contaminated sediment/clean water showed higher activities in intermediate Pb-concentrations. This indicates, that spontaneous locomotory activity is affected by Pb-concentrations at sublethal levels regardless of whether the Pb-concentration is found in the water or in the sediment, because these animals use both environmental compartments simultaneously. However, within the same Pb-levels, the animals showed higher locomotory activity in contaminated water compared with contaminated sediment. This indicates a possible tendency to withdraw from (‘avoidance’) contaminated water into the clean sediment compartment, whereas there was no withdrawal from contaminated sediment into clean water. The latter might be explained by the fact that withdrawal from sediment to water might increase the risk of predation and drift in nature, whereas retracting to sediment might provide shelter.    Conclusions  The study showed that spontaneous locomotory responses of L. variegatus to Pb depend on whether the water or sediment is contaminated. The study also concluded that the Multispecies Freshwater Biomonitor® can be applied effectively in sediment toxicity testing.    Recommendations and Perspectives  More emphasis should be given to the interactions of water/sediment in sediment ecotoxicity tests to better simulate field conditions and increase ecological realism in risk assessment, especially as quantitative recording methods exisit.http://dx.doi.org/10.1065/espr2006.12.37
Laser shock peening without absorbent coating (LSPwC) effect on 3D surface topography and mechanical properties of 6082-T651 Al alloy

The influence of nanosecond laser pulses applied by laser shock peening without absorbent coating (LSPwC) with a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at a wavelength of λ = 1064 nm on 6082-T651 Al alloy has been investigated. The first portion of the present study assesses laser shock peening effect at two pulse densities on three-dimensional (3D) surface topography characteristics. In the second part of the study, the peening effect on surface texture orientation and micro-structure modification, i.e. the effect of surface craters due to plasma and shock waves, were investigated in both longitudinal (L) and transverse (T) directions of the laser-beam movement. In the final portion of the study, the changes of mechanical properties were evaluated with a residual stress profile and Vickers micro-hardness through depth variation in the near surface layer, whereas factorial design with a response surface methodology (RSM) was applied. The surface topographic and micro-structural effect of laser shock peening were characterised with optical microscopy, InfiniteFocus® microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Residual stress evaluation based on a hole-drilling integral method confirmed higher compression at the near surface layer (33 μm) in the transverse direction (σmin) of laser-beam movement, i.e. − 407 ± 81 MPa and − 346 ± 124 MPa, after 900 and 2500 pulses/cm2, respectively. Moreover, RSM analysis of micro-hardness through depth distribution confirmed an increase at both pulse densities, whereas LSPwC-generated shock waves showed the impact effect of up to 800 μm below the surface. Furthermore, ANOVA results confirmed the insignificant influence of LSPwC treatment direction on micro-hardness distribution indicating essentially homogeneous conditions, in both L and T directions
The radiation impedance of electrodynamics tethers in a polar Jovian orbit

Juno, the second mission in the NASA New Frontiers Program, will both be a polar Jovian orbiter, and use solar arrays for power, moving away from previous use of radioisotope power systems (RPSs) in spite of the weak solar light reaching Jupiter. The power generation at Jupiter is critical, and a conductive tether could be an alternative source of power. A current-carrying tether orbiting in a magnetized ionosphere/plasmasphere will radiate waves. A magnitude of interest for both power generation and signal emission is the wave impedance. Jupiter has the strongest magnetic field in the Solar Planetary System and its plasma density is low everywhere. This leads to an electron plasma frequency smaller than the electron cyclotron frequency, and a high Alfven velocity. Unlike the low Earth orbit\ud
(LEO) case, the electron skin depth and the characteristic size of plasma contactors affect the Alfven impedance
Strategies for an accurate determination of the X(3872) energy from QCD
  lattice simulations

We develop a method to determine accurately the binding energy of the X(3872)
from lattice data for the $D \bar D^*$ interaction. We show that, because of
the small difference between the neutral and charged components of the X(3872),
it is necessary to differentiate them in the energy levels of the lattice
spectrum if one wishes to have a precise determination of the the binding
energy of the X(3872). The analysis of the data requires the use of coupled
channels. Depending on the number of levels available and the size of the box
we determine the precision needed in the lattice energies to finally obtain a
desired accuracy in the binding energy