pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Models of Quantum Turing machines

Quantum Turing machines are discussed and reviewed in this paper. Most of the
paper is concerned with processes defined by a step operator $T$ that is used
to construct a Hamiltonian $H$ according to Feynman's prescription. Differences
between these models and the models of Deutsch are discussed and reviewed. It
is emphasized that the models with $H$ constructed from $T$ include fully
quantum mechanical processes that take computation basis states into linear
superpositions of these states. The requirement that $T$ be distinct path
generating is reviewed. The advantage of this requirement is that
Schr\"{o}dinger evolution under $H$ is one dimensional along distinct finite or
infinite paths of nonoverlapping states in some basis $B_{T}$. It is emphasized
that $B_{T}$ can be arbitrarily complex with extreme entanglements between
states of component systems. The new aspect of quantum Turing machines
introduced here is the emphasis on the structure of graphs obtained when the
states in the $B_{T}$ paths are expanded as linear superpositions of states in
a reference basis such as the computation basis $B_{C}$. Examples are discussed
that illustrate the main points of the paper. For one example the graph
structures of the paths in $B_{T}$ expanded as states in $B_{C}$ include finite
stage binary trees and concatenated finite stage binary trees with or without
terminal infinite binary trees. Other examples are discussed in which the graph
structures correspond to interferometers and iterations of interferometers.Comment: 21 pagaes Latex plus 5 postscript figures, submitted to Fortschritte
  der Physi
Group Theoretical Quantization and the Example of a Phase Space S^1 x
  R^+

The group theoretical quantization scheme is reconsidered by means of
elementary systems. Already the quantization of a particle on a circle shows
that the standard procedure has to be supplemented by an additional condition
on the admissibility of group actions. A systematic strategy for finding
admissible group actions for particular subbundles of cotangent spaces is
developed, two-dimensional prototypes of which are T^*R^+ and S^1 x R^+
(interpreted as restrictions of T^*R and T^*S^1 to positive coordinate and
momentum, respectively). In this framework (and under an additional, natural
condition) an SO_+(1,2)-action on S^1 x R^+ results as the unique admissible
group action.
  For symplectic manifolds which are (specific) parts of phase spaces with
known quantum theory a simple projection method of quantization is formulated.
For T^*R^+ and S^1 x R^+ equivalent results to those of more established (but
more involved) quantization schemes are obtained. The approach may be of
interest, e.g., in attempts to quantize gravity theories where demanding
nondegenerate metrics of a fixed signature imposes similar constraints.Comment: 41 pages, LaTeX2
Probing the Physics of Narrow Line Regions in Active Galaxies III:
  Accretion and Cocoon Shocks in the LINER NGC1052

We present Wide Field Spectrograph (WiFeS) integral field spectroscopy and
HST FOS spectroscopy for the LINER galaxy NGC 1052. We infer the presence of a
turbulent accretion flow forming a small-scale accretion disk. We find a
large-scale outflow and ionisation cone along the minor axis of the galaxy.
Part of this outflow region is photoionised by the AGN, and shares properties
with the ENLR of Seyfert galaxies, but the inner ($R \lesssim 1.0$~arcsec)
accretion disk and the region around the radio jet appear shock excited. The
emission line properties can be modelled by a "double shock" model in which the
accretion flow first passes through an accretion shock in the presence of a
hard X-ray radiation, and the accretion disk is then processed through a cocoon
shock driven by the overpressure of the radio jets. This model explains the
observation of two distinct densities ($\sim10^4$ and $\sim10^6$ cm$^{-3}$),
and provides a good fit to the observed emission line spectrum. We derive
estimates for the velocities of the two shock components and their mixing
fractions, the black hole mass, the accretion rate needed to sustain the LINER
emission and derive an estimate for the jet power. Our emission line model is
remarkably robust against variation of input parameters, and so offers a
generic explanation for the excitation of LINER galaxies, including those of
spiral type such as NGC 3031 (M81).Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. 16 pages, 12
  figure
Comparative analysis of electric field influence on the quantum wells
  with different boundary conditions. II. Thermodynamic properties

Thermodynamic properties of the one-dimensional (1D) quantum well (QW) with
miscellaneous permutations of the Dirichlet (D) and Neumann (N) boundary
conditions (BCs) at its edges in the perpendicular to the surfaces electric
field $\mathscr{E}$ are calculated. For the canonical ensemble, analytical
expressions involving theta functions are found for the mean energy and heat
capacity $c_V$ for the box with no applied voltage. Pronounced maximum
accompanied by the adjacent minimum of the specific heat dependence on the
temperature $T$ for the pure Neumann QW and their absence for other BCs are
predicted and explained by the structure of the corresponding energy spectrum.
Applied field leads to the increase of the heat capacity and formation of the
new or modification of the existing extrema what is qualitatively described by
the influence of the associated electric potential. A remarkable feature of the
Fermi grand canonical ensemble is, at any BC combination in zero fields, a
salient maximum of $c_V$ observed on the $T$ axis for one particle and its
absence for any other number $N$ of corpuscles. Qualitative and quantitative
explanation of this phenomenon employs the analysis of the chemical potential
and its temperature dependence for different $N$. It is proved that critical
temperature $T_{cr}$ of the Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation increases with the
applied voltage for any number of particles and for any BC permutation except
the ND case at small intensities $\mathscr{E}$ what is explained again by the
modification by the field of the interrelated energies. It is shown that even
for the temperatures smaller than $T_{cr}$ the total dipole moment $\langle
P\rangle$ may become negative for the quite moderate $\mathscr{E}$. For either
Fermi or BE system, the influence of the electric field on the heat capacity is
shown to be suppressed with $N$ growing
Bose-Einstein condensation and condensation of $q$-particles in
  equilibrium and non equilibrium thermodynamics: a new approach

In the setting of the principle of local equilibrium which asserts that the
temperature is a function of the energy levels of the system, we exhibit plenty
of steady states describing the condensation of free Bosons which are not in
thermal equilibrium. The surprising facts are that the condensation can occur
both in dimension less than 3 in configuration space, and even in excited
energy levels. The investigation relative to non equilibrium suggests a new
approach to the condensation, which allows an unified analysis involving also
the condensation of $q$-particles, $-1\leq q\leq 1$, where $q=\pm1$ corresponds
to the Bose/Fermi alternative. For such $q$-particles, the condensation can
occur only if $0<q\leq1$, the case 1 corresponding to the standard
Bose-Einstein condensation. In this more general approach, completely new and
unexpected states exhibiting condensation phenomena naturally occur also in the
usual situation of equilibrium thermodynamics. The new approach proposed in the
present paper for the situation of $2^\text{nd}$ quantisation of free
particles, is naturally based on the theory of the Distributions, which might
hopefully be extended to more general casesComment: It is a preprint of July 201
Inclusive and differential measurements of the t t-bar charge asymmetry
  in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The t t-bar charge asymmetry is measured in proton-proton collisions at a
centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data, collected with the CMS experiment at
the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns.
Selected events contain an electron or a muon and four or more jets, where at
least one jet is identified as originating from b-quark hadronization. The
inclusive charge asymmetry is found to be 0.0010 +/- 0.0068 (stat) +/- 0.0037
(syst). In addition, differential charge asymmetries as a function of rapidity,
transverse momentum, and invariant mass of the t t-bar system are studied. For
the first time at the LHC, the measurements are also performed in a reduced
fiducial phase space of top quark pair production, with an integrated result of
-0.0035 +/- 0.0072 (stat) +/- 0.0031 (syst). All measurements are consistent
within two standard deviations with zero asymmetry as well as with the
predictions of the standard model.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. All
  figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-12-033/index.htm
Probing anomalous couplings using di-Higgs production in electron-proton
  collisions

A proposed high energy Future Circular Hadron-Electron Collider would provide
sufficient energy in a clean environment to probe di-Higgs production. Using
this channel we show that the azimuthal angle correlation between the missing
transverse energy and the forward jet is a very good probe for the non-standard
$hhh$ and $hhWW$ couplings. We give the exclusion limits on these couplings as
a function of integrated luminosity at a $95$\% C.L. using the fiducial cross
sections. With appropriate error fitting methodology we find that the Higgs
boson self coupling could be measured to be $g^{(1)}_{hhh} =
1.00^{+0.24(0.14)}_{-0.17(0.12)}$ of its expected Standard Model value at
$\sqrt s = 3.5(5.0)$ TeV for an ultimate 10 ab$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity
Health Assessment Questionnaire disability progression in early rheumatoid arthritis :
                    systematic review and analysis of two inception cohorts

Copyright 2014 TheAuthors.Published by Elsevier HS Journals,Inc.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/)The Health Assessment Questionnaire is widely used in patients with inflammatory polyarthritis (IP) and its subset rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study we evaluated the progression of HAQ scores in RA by (i) systematically reviewing the published literature on methods used to assess changes in functional disability over time and (ii) to study in detail HAQ progression in two large prospective observational studies from the U
Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) : witnessing the assembly of the cluster ABELL 1882

We present a combined optical and X-ray analysis of the rich cluster ABELL 1882 (A1882) with the aim of identifying merging substructure and understanding the recent assembly history of this system. Our optical data consist of spectra drawn from the Galaxy and Mass Assembly survey, which lends itself to this kind of detailed study thanks to its depth and high spectroscopic completeness. We use 283 spectroscopically confirmed cluster members to detect and characterize substructure. We complement the optical data with X-ray data taken with both Chandra and XMM. Our analysis reveals that A1882 harbors two main components, A1882A and A1882B, which have a projected separation of similar to ~2 Mpc and a line of sight velocity difference of νlos~ -428+187-139km s-1. The primary system, A1882A, has velocity dispersion σv = 500-26+23 km s-1 and Chandra (XMM) temperature kT = 3.57 ± 0.17 keV (3.31-0.27+0.28 keV) while the secondary, A1882B, has σv = 457-101+108 km s-1 and Chandra (XMM) temperature kT = 2.39 +/- 0.28 keV (2.12 +/- 0.20 keV). The optical and X-ray estimates for the masses of the two systems are consistent within the uncertainties and indicate that there is twice as much mass in A1882A (M500 = 1.5-1.9 x 1014 M ☉) when compared with A1882B (M500 = 0.8-1.0 x 1014 M ☉). We interpret the A1882A/A1882B system as being observed prior to a core passage. Supporting this interpretation is the large projected separation of A1882A and A1882B and the dearth of evidence for a recent (<2 Gyr) major interaction in the X-ray data. Two-body analyses indicate that A1882A and A1882B form a bound system with bound incoming solutions strongly favored. We compute blue fractions of fb= 0.28 ± 0.09 and 0.18 ± 0.07 for the spectroscopically confirmed member galaxies within r 500 of the centers of A1882A and A1882B, respectively. These blue fractions do not differ significantly from the blue fraction measured from an ensemble of 20 clusters with similar mass and redshift.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Search for W'â\u86\u92tb- in the lepton plus jets final state in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Â© 2015.A search for new charged massive gauge bosons, called W', is performed with the ATLAS detector at the LHC, in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=8TeV, using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb-1. This analysis searches for W' bosons in the W'â\u86\u92tb- decay channel in final states with electrons or muons, using a multivariate method based on boosted decision trees. The search covers masses between 0.5 and 3.0 TeV, for right-handed or left-handed W' bosons. No significant deviation from the Standard Model expectation is observed and limits are set on the W'â\u86\u92tb- cross-section times branching ratio and on the W'-boson effective couplings as a function of the W'-boson mass using the CLs procedure. For a left-handed (right-handed) W' boson, masses below 1.70 (1.92) TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level
Local search for the surgery admission planning problem

We present a model for the surgery admission planning problem, and a meta-heuristic algorithm for solving it. The problem involves assigning operating rooms and dates to a set of elective surgeries, as well as scheduling the surgeries of each day and room. Simultaneously, a schedule is created for each surgeon to avoid double bookings. The presented algorithm uses simple Relocate and Two-Exchange neighbourhoods, governed by an iterated local search framework. The problem’s search space associated with these move operators is analysed for three typical fitness surfaces, representing different compromises between patient waiting time, surgeon overtime, and waiting time for children in the morning on the day of surgery. The analysis shows that for the same problem instances, the different objectives give fitness surfaces with quite different characteristics. We present computational results for a set of benchmarks that are based on the admission planning problem in a chosen Norwegian hospital
Measurement of differential production cross-sections for a ℤ boson in association with b-jets in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of differential production cross-sections of a Z boson in association\ud
with b-jets in pp collisions at √s = 7TeV are reported. The data analysed correspond\ud
to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb−1 recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large\ud
Hadron Collider. Particle-level cross-sections are determined for events with a Z boson\ud
decaying into an electron or muon pair, and containing b-jets. For events with at least one\ud
b-jet, the cross-section is presented as a function of the Z boson transverse momentum and rapidity, together with the inclusive b-jet cross-section as a function of b-jet transverse momentum, rapidity and angular separations between the b-jet and the Z boson. For events with at least two b-jets, the cross-section is determined as a function of the invariant mass and angular separation of the two highest transverse momentum b-jets, and as a function of the Z boson transverse momentum and rapidity. Results are compared to leading-order and next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations
Evolution along the sequence of S0 Hubble types induced by dry minor mergers I. Global bulge-to-disk structural relations

Context. Recent studies have argued that galaxy mergers are not important drivers for the evolution of S0's, on the basis that mergers cannot preserve the coupling between the bulge and disk scale-lengths observed in these galaxies and the lack of correlation of their ratio with the S0 Hubble type. However, about 70% of present-day S0's reside in groups, an environment where mergers and tidal interactions dominate galaxy evolution. Aims. We investigate whether the remnants resulting from collision-less N-body simulations of intermediate and minor mergers onto S0 galaxies evolve fulfilling global structural relations observed between the bulges and disks of these galaxies. Methods. Different initial bulge-to-disk ratios of the primary S0 have been considered, as well as different satellite densities, mass ratios, and orbits of the encounter. We have analysed the final morphology of the remnants in images simulating the typical observing conditions of S0 surveys. We derive bulge+disk decompositions of the final remnants to compare their global bulge-to-disk structure with observations. Results. We show that all remnants present undisturbed S0 morphologies according to the prescriptions of specialized surveys. The dry intermediate and minor mergers induce noticeable bulge growth (S0c --> S0b and S0b --> S0a), but affect negligibly to the bulge and disk scale-lengths. Therefore, if a coupling between these two components exists prior to the merger, the encounter does not break this coupling. This fact provides a simple explanation for the lack of correlation between the ratio of bulge and disk scale-lengths and the S0 Hubble type reported by observations. Conclusions. These models prove that dry intermediate and minor mergers can induce global structural evolution within the sequence of S0 Hubble types compatible with observations, meaning that these processes should not be discarded from the evolutionary scenarios of S0's just on the basis of the strong coupling observed between the bulge and disk scale-lengths in these galaxies
Association between hypertension and variation in the alpha- and beta-adducin genes in a white population

BACKGROUND: The substitution of tryptophan for glycine at amino acid 460 (Gly460Trp polymorphism) of the alpha-subunit of the heterodimeric cytoskeleton protein adducin increases renal sodium reabsorption and may be involved in the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. In the present study, we investigated in multivariate analyses whether the risk of hypertension was associated with the C1797T polymorphism of the beta-adducin gene. METHODS: A total of 1848 subjects randomly selected from a white population were genotyped. Study nurses measured blood pressure at the participants' homes. RESULTS: The frequencies of the alpha-adducin Trp and beta-adducin T alleles were 0.23 and 0.11, respectively. In men (N = 904), the beta-adducin T allele was not associated with hypertension [adjusted relative risk (RR) vs. CC homozygotes 0.94, P = 0.77], but T allele carriers had lower plasma renin activity (PRA) and 24-hour urinary aldosterone excretion (P < 0.04). In all women (N = 944), beta-adducin T allele carriers had a higher risk of hypertension than CC homozygotes (RR 1.81, CI 1.18-2.77, P = 0.007), but similar PRA and 24-hour urinary aldosterone excretion (P> 0.29). In 345 post-menopausal women and 190 users of oral contraceptives, the RRs of hypertension were 2.47 (CI 1.34-4.64, P = 0.003) and 2.56 (CI 0.83-7.86, P = 0.10), respectively. For systolic pressure in women, there was a significant interaction (P = 0.02) between the alpha- and beta-adducin polymorphisms. Only in female carriers of the mutated alpha-adducin Trp allele was the systolic pressure significantly higher in beta-adducin T allele carriers compared with CC homozygotes (+3.8 mm Hg, P = 0.02). Furthermore, in the presence of the mutated alpha-adducin Trp allele, the RRs associated with the beta-adducin T allele were 2.35 (P = 0.01) in all women, 2.92 (P = 0.03) in post-menopausal subjects, and 3.79 (P = 0.09) in users of oral contraceptives. CONCLUSIONS: The 1797T allele of the beta-adducin gene is associated with increased risk of hypertension in post-menopausal women and in users of oral contraceptives, particularly in the presence of the mutated alpha-adducin Trp allele. We hypothesize that inhibition of the renin-aldosterone system in men and absence of such a compensatory mechanism in women may explain, at least to some extent, the sexual dimorphism of the blood pressure phenotype in relation to the C1797T beta-adducin polymorphism.status: publishe
N =2 supersymmetric QCD and elliptic potentials

We investigate the relation between the four dimensional N =2 SU(2) super Yang-Mills theory with four fundamental flavors and the quantum mechanics model with Treibich-Verdier potential described by the Heun equation in the elliptic form. We study the precise correspondence of quantities in the gauge theory and the quantum mechanics model. An iterative method is used to obtain the asymptotic expansion of the spectrum for the Schrödinger operator, we are able to fix the precise relation between the energy spectrum and the instanton partition function of the gauge theory. We also study asymptotic expansions for the spectrum which correspond to the strong coupling regions of the Seiberg-Witten theory
Activation and involvement of the lateral-posterior nucleus of the thalamus after a single generalized tonic-clonic seizure

The lateral-posterior thalamic nuclei (LP) have been shown to play an important role in controlling epileptic activity. in addition, thalamic atrophy and neuronal loss have been observed in epilepsy. the objective of this study was to investigate whether lateral-posterior neuronal activation may be observed shortly after a single generalized seizure in rats submitted to the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. the results showed an increased lateral-posterior activation as soon as the seizure occurred, suggesting that neuronal loss in the thalamus is not only the consequence of chronic epilepsy. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Dept Expt Neurol, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Neurobiol Lab, Programa Posgrad Disturbios Desenvolvimento, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Dept Expt Neurol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med UNIFESP EPM, Dept Fisiol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc
How a Broken Egg Attractor Has Influenced the Dynamics of My Life

IUTAM Symposium on 50 Years of Chaos: Applied and Theoretical, Nov. 28-Dec. 2, 2011, Kyoto University, Clock Tower Centennial Hall, Kyoto, JAPAN.First, the Broken Egg Phenomenon (BEgg) which constitutes this symposium’s starting point is presented. It was observed accidentally in the course of the author’s analog computer experiments for a Periodically Forced Self-Oscillatory System, just 50 years and 5 days ago. Then, experimental researches are given from another study conducted in accordance with the BEgg phenomenon which was implemented as an electronic circuit. Finally, the prescriptive systems are proposed in order to survey the phenomena which occur in Periodically Forced Self-Oscillatory Systems. Among various steady states in the systems, regular (predictable) phenomena and their bifurcation sets are presented, covering all such phenomena that are readily observed, perhaps excepting some phenomena of so-called second kind. Various chaotic attractors are also collected, and it is shown that global bifurcations and classification of chaotic attractors are often related, but it seems to be extremely difficult to describe them completely