pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Deformation of Codimension-2 Surface and Horizon Thermodynamics

The deformation equation of a spacelike submanifold with an arbitrary
codimension is given by a general construction without using local frames. In
the case of codimension-1, this equation reduces to the evolution equation of
the extrinsic curvature of a spacelike hypersurface. In the more interesting
case of codimension-2, after selecting a local null frame, this deformation
equation reduces to the well known (cross) focusing equations. We show how the
thermodynamics of trapping horizons is related to these deformation equations
in two different formalisms: with and without introducing quasilocal energy. In
the formalism with the quasilocal energy, the Hawking mass in four dimension is
generalized to higher dimension, and it is found that the deformation of this
energy inside a marginal surface can be also decomposed into the contributions
from matter fields and gravitational radiation as in the four dimension. In the
formalism without the quasilocal energy, we generalize the definition of slowly
evolving future outer trapping horizons proposed by Booth to past trapping
horizons. The dynamics of the trapping horizons in FLRW universe is given as an
example. Especially, the slowly evolving past trapping horizon in the FLRW
universe has close relation to the scenario of slow-roll inflation. Up to the
second order of the slowly evolving parameter in this generalization, the
temperature (surface gravity) associated with the slowly evolving trapping
horizon in the FLRW universe is essentially the same as the one defined by
using the quasilocal energy.Comment: Latex, 61 pages, no figures; v2, type errors corrected; v3,
  references and comments are added, English is improved, to appear in JHE
Discovery Potential for Low-Scale Gauge Mediation at Early LHC

Low-scale gauge-mediated supersymmetry(SUSY)-breaking (GMSB) models with
gravitino mass m_{3/2}<16 eV are attractive, since there are no flavor and
cosmological problems. In this paper, we thoroughly study the collider signal
in the case that the next-to-lightest SUSY particle is the bino or slepton and
investigate the discovery potential of the LHC. Our result is applicable to a
wider class of GMSB models other than the minimal GMSB models and we pay
particular attention to realistic experimental setups. We also apply our
analysis to the minimal GMSB models with a metastable SUSY-breaking vacuum and
we show, by requiring sufficient stability of the SUSY-breaking vacuum, these
models can be tested at an early stage of the LHC.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures.Texts in section 3.2.2 and 3.2.4 are revised.
  Captions change
Tree-level Recursion Relation and Dual Superconformal Symmetry of the
  ABJM Theory

We propose a recursion relation for tree-level scattering amplitudes in
three-dimensional Chern-Simons-matter theories. The recursion relation involves
a complex deformation of momenta which generalizes the BCFW-deformation used in
higher dimensions. Using background field methods, we show that all tree-level
superamplitudes of the ABJM theory vanish for large deformations, establishing
the validity of the recursion formula. Furthermore, we use the recursion
relation to compute six-point and eight-point component amplitudes and match
them with independent computations based on Feynman diagrams or the
Grassmannian integral formula. As an application of the recursion relation, we
prove that all tree-level amplitudes of the ABJM theory have dual
superconformal symmetry. Using generalized unitarity methods, we extend this
symmetry to the cut-constructible parts of the loop amplitudes.Comment: 52 pages, 14 figures; v2. a section on loop amplitudes and references
  added; v3. minor improvements to conform with the published versio
Conifolds and Tunneling in the String Landscape

We investigate flux vacua on a variety of one-parameter Calabi-Yau
compactifications, and find many examples that are connected through continuous
monodromy transformations. For these, we undertake a detailed analysis of the
tunneling dynamics and find that tunneling trajectories typically graze the
conifold point---particular 3-cycles are forced to contract during such vacuum
transitions. Physically, these transitions arise from the competing effects of
minimizing the energy for brane nucleation (facilitating a change in flux),
versus the energy cost associated with dynamical changes in the periods of
certain Calabi-Yau 3-cycles. We find that tunneling only occurs when warping
due to back-reaction from the flux through the shrinking cycle is properly
taken into account.Comment: 1+62 pages, 17 figure
Solutions from boundary condition changing operators in open string
  field theory

We construct analytic solutions of open string field theory using boundary
condition changing (bcc) operators. We focus on bcc operators with vanishing
conformal weight such as those for regular marginal deformations of the
background. For any Fock space state phi, the component string field <phi,Psi>
of the solution Psi exhibits a remarkable factorization property: it is given
by the matter three-point function of phi with a pair of bcc operators,
multiplied by a universal function that only depends on the conformal weight of
phi. This universal function is given by a simple integral expression that can
be computed once and for all. The three-point functions with bcc operators are
thus the only needed physical input of the particular open string background
described by the solution. We illustrate our solution with the example of the
rolling tachyon profile, for which we prove convergence analytically. The form
of our solution, which involves bcc operators instead of explicit insertions of
the marginal operator, can be a natural starting point for the construction of
analytic solutions for arbitrary backgrounds.Comment: 21 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX2e; v2: minor changes, version published in
  JHE
Non-chiral current algebras for deformed supergroup WZW models

We study deformed WZW models on supergroups with vanishing Killing form. The
deformation is generated by the isotropic current-current perturbation which is
exactly marginal under these assumptions. It breaks half of the global
isometries of the original supergroup. The current corresponding to the
remaining symmetry is conserved but its components are neither holomorphic nor
anti-holomorphic. We obtain the exact two- and three-point functions of this
current and a four-point function in the first two leading orders of a 1/k
expansion but to all orders in the deformation parameter. We further study the
operator product algebra of the currents, the equal time commutators and the
quantum equations of motion. The form of the equations of motion suggests the
existence of non-local charges which generate a Yangian. Possible applications
to string theory on Anti-de Sitter spaces and to condensed matter problems are
briefly discussed.Comment: 43 pages, Latex, one eps figure; v.2: minor corrections, a reference
  adde
On Global Flipped SU(5) GUTs in F-theory

We construct an SU(4) spectral divisor and its factorization of types (3,1)
and (2,2) based on the construction proposed in [1]. We calculate the chiral
spectra of flipped SU(5) GUTs by using the spectral divisor construction. The
results agree with those from the analysis of semi-local spectral covers. Our
computations provide an example for the validity of the spectral divisor
construction and suggest that the standard heterotic formulae are applicable to
the case of F-theory on an elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau fourfold with no
heterotic dual.Comment: 45 pages, 12 tables, 1 figure; typos corrected, footnotes added, and
  a reference adde
Exotic particles below the TeV from low scale flavour theories

A flavour gauge theory is observable only if the symmetry is broken at
relatively low energies. The intrinsic parity-violation of the fermion
representations in a flavour theory describing quark, lepton and higgsino
masses and mixings generically requires anomaly cancellation by new fermions.
Benchmark supersymmetric flavour models are built and studied to argue that: i)
the flavour symmetry breaking should be about three orders of magnitude above
the higgsino mass, enough also to efficiently suppress FCNC and CP violations
coming from higher-dimensional operators; ii) new fermions with exotic decays
into lighter particles are typically required at scales of the order of the
higgsino mass.Comment: 19 pages, references added, one comment and one footnote added,
  results unchange
On F-theory E_6 GUTs

We approach the Minimum Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) from an E_6 GUT
by using the spectral cover construction and non-abelian gauge fluxes in
F-theory. We start with an E_6 singularity unfolded from an E_8 singularity and
obtain E_6 GUTs by using an SU(3) spectral cover. By turning on SU(2) X U(1)^2
gauge fluxes, we obtain a rank 5 model with the gauge group SU(3) X SU(2) X
U(1)^2. Based on the well-studied geometric backgrounds in the literature, we
demonstrate several models and discuss their phenomenology.Comment: 42 pages, 17 tables; typos corrected, clarifications added, and
  references adde
Large CP Violation in B_s Meson Mixing with EDM constraint in
  Supersymmetry

Motivated by the recent measurement of the like-sign dimuon charge asymmetry,
we investigate anomalous CP violation in the B_s- bar{B}_s mixing within the
supersymmetry. We show that when gluino diagrams dominate supersymmetry
contributions, it is very difficult to realize a large B_s- bar{B}_s mixing
phase under the constraint from electric dipole moments barring cancellations.
This constraint can be ameliorated by supposing superparticles decoupled. In
this limit, we find that it is possible to achieve the large CP asymmetry, and
the branching ratio of B_s -> mu^+ mu^- tends to become sizable.Comment: 20 pages, 5 figure
Scalar field theory in Snyder space-time: alternatives

We construct two types of scalar field theory on Snyder space-time. The first
one is based on the natural momenta addition inherent to the coset momentum
space. This construction uncovers a non-associative deformation of the
Poincar\'e symmetries. The second one considers Snyder space-time as a subspace
of a larger non-commutative space. We discuss different possibilities to
restrict the extra-dimensional scalar field theory to a theory living only on
Sndyer space-time and present the consequences of these restrictions on the
Poincar\'e symmetries. We show moreover how the non-associative approach and
the Doplicher-Fredenhagen-Roberts space can be seen as specific approximations
of the extra-dimensional theory. These results are obtained for the 3d
Euclidian Snyder space-time constructed from $\SO(3,1)/\SO(3)$, but our results
extend to any dimension and signature.Comment: 24 pages
Extra gauge symmetries in BHT gravity

We study the canonical structure of the Bergshoeff-Hohm-Townsend massive
gravity, linearized around a maximally symmetric background. At the critical
point in the space of parameters, defined by $\Lambda_0/m^2=-1$, we discover an
extra gauge symmetry, which reflects the existence of the partially massless
mode. The number of the Lagrangian degrees of freedom is found to be 1. We show
that the canonical structure of the theory at the critical point is unstable
under linearization.Comment: LATEX, 12 page
Supersymmetric Open Wilson Lines

In this paper we study Open Wilson Lines (OWL's) in the context of two
Supersymmetric Yang Mills theories. First we consider four dimensional N=2
Supersymmetric Yang Mills Theory with hypermultiplets transforming in the
fundamental representation of the gauge group, and find supersymmetric OWL's
only in the superconformal versions of these theories. We then consider four
dimensional N=4 SYM coupled to a three dimensional defect hypermultiplet. Here
there is a semi-circular supersymmetric OWL, which is related to the ray by a
conformal transformation. We perform a perturbative calculation of the
operators in both theories, and discuss using localization to compute them
non-perturbatively.Comment: 26 pages, 3 figure
Logarithmic Corrections to Extremal Black Hole Entropy from Quantum
  Entropy Function

We evaluate the one loop determinant of matter multiplet fields of N=4
supergravity in the near horizon geometry of quarter BPS black holes, and use
it to calculate logarithmic corrections to the entropy of these black holes
using the quantum entropy function formalism. We show that even though
individual fields give non-vanishing logarithmic contribution to the entropy,
the net contribution from all the fields in the matter multiplet vanishes. Thus
logarithmic corrections to the entropy of quarter BPS black holes, if present,
must be independent of the number of matter multiplet fields in the theory.
This is consistent with the microscopic results. During our analysis we also
determine the complete spectrum of small fluctuations of matter multiplet
fields in the near horizon geometry.Comment: LaTeX file, 52 pages; v2: minor corrections, references adde
Simplified R-Symmetry Breaking and Low-Scale Gauge Mediation

We argue that some of the difficulties in constructing realistic models of
low-scale gauge mediation are artifacts of the narrow set of models that have
been studied. In particular, much attention has been payed to the scenario in
which the Goldstino superfield in an O'Raifeartaigh model is responsible for
both supersymmetry breaking and R-symmetry breaking. In such models, the
competing problems of generating sufficiently massive gauginos while preserving
an acceptably light gravitino can be quite challenging. We show that by sharing
the burdens of breaking supersymmetry and R-symmetry with a second field, these
problems are easily solved even within the O'Raifeartaigh framework. We present
explicit models realizing minimal gauge mediation with a gravitino mass in the
eV range that are both calculable and falsifiable.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figures, references added, minor change
Revealing the footprints of squark gluino production through Higgs
  search experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at 7 TeV and 14 TeV

The invariant mass distribution of the di-photons from the decay of the
lighter scalar Higgs boson(h) to be carefully measured by dedicated h search
experiments at the LHC may be distorted by the di-photons associated with the
squark-gluino events with much larger cross sections in Gauge Mediated
Supersymmetry Breaking (GMSB) models. This distortion if observed by the
experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at 7 TeV or 14 TeV, would disfavour
not only the standard model but various two Higgs doublet models with
comparable h - masses and couplings but without a sector consisting of new
heavy particles decaying into photons. The minimal GMSB (mGMSB) model
constrained by the mass bound on h from LEP and that on the lightest neutralino
from the Tevatron, produce negligible effects. But in the currently popular
general GMSB(GGMSB) models the tail of the above distribution may show
statistically significant excess of events even in the early stages of the LHC
experiments with integrated luminosity insufficient for the discovery of h. We
illustrate the above points by introducing several benchmark points in various
GMSB models - minimal as well as non-minimal. The same conclusion follows from
a detailed parameter scan in a simplified GGMSB model recently employed by the
CMS collaboration to interpret their searches in the di-photon + $\etslash$
channel. Other observables like the effective mass distribution of the
di-photon + X events may also reveal the presence of new heavy particles beyond
the Higgs sector. The contamination of the h mass peak and simple remedies are
also discussed.Comment: 23 pages, 7 figures, title and organization of the paper is changed,
  detailed parameter scan in a simplified GGMSB model is added, conclusions and
  old numerical results remain unchange
Bound state transformation walls

In four dimensional N=2 supergravity theories, BPS bound states near marginal
stability are described by configurations of widely separated constituents with
nearly parallel central charges. When the vacuum moduli can be dialed
adiabatically until the central charges become anti -parallel, a paradox
arises. We show that this paradox is always resolved by the existence of "bound
state transformation walls" across which the nature of the bound state changes,
although the index does not jump. We find that there are two distinct phenomena
that can take place on these walls, which we call recombination and
conjugation. The latter is associated to the presence of singularities at
finite distance in moduli space. Consistency of conjugation and wall-crossing
rules near these singularities leads to new constraints on the BPS spectrum.
Singular loci supporting massless vector bosons are particularly subtle in this
respect. We argue that the spectrum at such loci necessarily contains massless
magnetic monopoles, and that bound states around them transform by intricate
hybrids of conjugation and recombination.Comment: 65 pages, 16 figure
On the instantons and the hypermultiplet mass of N=2* super Yang-Mills
  on S^4

We show that the physical N=4 super Yang-Mills theory on a four-sphere with
an arbitrary gauge group receives no instanton contributions, by clarifying the
relation between the hypermultiplet mass and the equivariant parameters of the
mass-deformed theory preserving N=2 supersymmetry. The correct relation also
implies that N=4 superconformal Yang-Mills theory with gauge group SU(2)
corresponds to Liouville theory on a torus with the insertion of a non-trivial
operator, rather than the identity as have been claimed in the literature.Comment: 9 page
Towards non-AdS holography in 3-dimensional higher spin gravity

We take the first steps towards non-AdS holography in higher spin gravity.
Namely, we propose a variational principle for generic 3-dimensional higher
spin gravity that accommodates asymptotic backgrounds beyond AdS, like
asymptotically Schrodinger, Lifshitz or warped AdS spacetimes. As examples we
study in some detail the four sl(2) embeddings of spin-4 gravity and provide
associated geometries, including an asymptotic Lifshitz black hole.Comment: 26 pp, v2: added Refs. and clarified some statements, v3: minor
  changes, made notation more transparent in sections 4 and 5, matches
  published versio
On the Trace Anomaly and the Anomaly Puzzle in N=1 Pure Yang-Mills

The trace anomaly of the energy-momentum tensor is usually quoted in the form
which is proportional to the beta function of the theory. However, there are in
general many definitions of gauge couplings depending on renormalization
schemes, and hence many beta functions. In particular, N=1 supersymmetric pure
Yang-Mills has the holomorphic gauge coupling whose beta function is one-loop
exact, and the canonical gauge coupling whose beta function is given by the
Novikov-Shifman-Vainshtein-Zakharov beta function. In this paper, we study
which beta function should appear in the trace anomaly in N=1 pure Yang-Mills.
We calculate the trace anomaly by employing the N=4 regularization of N=1 pure
Yang-Mills. It is shown that the trace anomaly is given by one-loop exact form
if the composite operator appearing in the trace anomaly is renormalized in a
preferred way. This result gives the simplest resolution to the anomaly puzzle
in N=1 pure Yang-Mills. The most important point is to examine in which scheme
the quantum action principle is valid, which is crucial in the derivation of
the trace anomaly.Comment: 25 pages, 1 figure; v2:slight correction in sec.5, minor addition in
  appendi
The Soft-Collinear Bootstrap: N=4 Yang-Mills Amplitudes at Six and Seven
  Loops

Infrared divergences in scattering amplitudes arise when a loop momentum
$\ell$ becomes collinear with a massless external momentum $p$. In gauge
theories, it is known that the L-loop logarithm of a planar amplitude has much
softer infrared singularities than the L-loop amplitude itself. We argue that
planar amplitudes in N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory enjoy softer than expected
behavior as $\ell \parallel p$ already at the level of the integrand. Moreover,
we conjecture that the four-point integrand can be uniquely determined, to any
loop-order, by imposing the correct soft-behavior of the logarithm together
with dual conformal invariance and dihedral symmetry. We use these simple
criteria to determine explicit formulae for the four-point integrand through
seven-loops, finding perfect agreement with previously known results through
five-loops. As an input to this calculation we enumerate all four-point dual
conformally invariant (DCI) integrands through seven-loops, an analysis which
is aided by several graph-theoretic theorems we prove about general DCI
integrands at arbitrary loop-order. The six- and seven-loop amplitudes receive
non-zero contributions from 229 and 1873 individual DCI diagrams respectively.Comment: 27 pages, 48 figures, detailed results including PDF and Mathematica
  files available at http://goo.gl/qIKe8 v2: minor corrections v3: figure 7
  corrected, Lemma 2 remove
Quantum Algebraic Approach to Refined Topological Vertex

We establish the equivalence between the refined topological vertex of
Iqbal-Kozcaz-Vafa and a certain representation theory of the quantum algebra of
type W_{1+infty} introduced by Miki. Our construction involves trivalent
intertwining operators Phi and Phi^* associated with triples of the bosonic
Fock modules. Resembling the topological vertex, a triple of vectors in Z^2 is
attached to each intertwining operator, which satisfy the Calabi-Yau and
smoothness conditions. It is shown that certain matrix elements of Phi and
Phi^* give the refined topological vertex C_{lambda mu nu}(t,q) of
Iqbal-Kozcaz-Vafa. With another choice of basis, we recover the refined
topological vertex C_{lambda mu}^nu(q,t) of Awata-Kanno. The gluing factors
appears correctly when we consider any compositions of Phi and Phi^*. The
spectral parameters attached to Fock spaces play the role of the K"ahler
parameters.Comment: 27 page
A scalar field instability of rotating and charged black holes in
  (4+1)-dimensional Anti-de Sitter space-time

We study the stability of static as well as of rotating and charged black
holes in (4+1)-dimensional Anti-de Sitter space-time which possess spherical
horizon topology. We observe a non-linear instability related to the
condensation of a charged, tachyonic scalar field and construct "hairy" black
hole solutions of the full system of coupled Einstein, Maxwell and scalar field
equations. We observe that the limiting solution for small horizon radius is
either a hairy soliton solution or a singular solution that is not a regular
extremal solution. Within the context of the gauge/gravity duality the
condensation of the scalar field describes a holographic
conductor/superconductor phase transition on the surface of a sphere.Comment: 16 pages including 8 figures, v2: discussion on soliton solutions
  extended; v3: matches version accepted for publication in JHE