pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Boundedness of cohomology

Let d∈N and let Dd denote the class of all pairs (R,M) in which R=⊕n∈N0Rn is a Noetherian homogeneous ring with Artinian base ring R0 and such that M is a finitely generated graded R-module of dimension ⩽d. For such a pair (R,M) let View the MathML source denote the (finite) R0-length of the n-th graded component of the i-th R+-transform module View the MathML source.\ud
\ud
The cohomology table of a pair (R,M)∈Dd is defined as the family of non-negative integers View the MathML source. We say that a subclass C of Dd is of finite cohomology if the set {dM|(R,M)∈C} is finite. A set S⊆{0,…,d−1}×Z is said to bound cohomology, if for each family (hσ)σ∈S of non-negative integers, the class View the MathML source is of finite cohomology. Our main result says that this is the case if and only if S contains a quasi diagonal, that is a set of the form {(i,ni)|i=0,…,d−1} with integers n0>n1>⋯>nd−1.\ud
\ud
We draw a number of conclusions of this boundedness criterion
Distinct steps in the import of ADP/ATP carrier into mitochondria

Transport of the precursor to the ADP/ATP carrier from the cytosol into the mitochondrial inner membrane was resolved into several consecutive steps. The precursor protein was trapped at distinct stages of the import pathway and subsequently chased to the mature form. In a first reaction, the precursor interacts with a protease-sensitive component on the mitochondrial surface. It then reaches intermediate sites in the outer membrane which are saturable and where it is protected against proteases. This translocation intermediate can be extracted at alkaline pH. We suggest that it is anchored to the membrane by a so far unknown proteinaceous component. The membrane potential delta psi-dependent entrance of the ADP/ATP carrier into the inner membrane takes place at contact sites between outer and inner membranes. Completion of translocation into the inner membrane can occur in the absence of delta psi. A cytosolic component which is present in reticulocyte lysate and which interacts with isolated mitochondria is required for the specific binding of the precursor to mitochondria.
Lipid mediators involved in the oxidative stress and antioxidant defence of human lung cancer cells.

BACKGROUND: The oxidative modifications of bioactive macromolecules have important roles in carcinogenesis. Of particular interest are lipid peroxidation products, which are involved in the activation of Nrf2 and endocannabinoids that affect cancer progression. ----- METHODS: In lung cancer tissues (squamous cell lung carcinoma - SCC and adenocarcinoma - AC), the glutathione peroxidase and catalase activity and glutathione level, together with the expression of Nrf2 and its activators/inhibitors were estimated. The oxidative modifications of DNA (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and N7-methylguanine), endocannabinoids (anandamide and 2- arachidonylglyceriol), their receptors (CB1/2, TRV1, GPR55), phospholipid fatty acids (arachidonic, linoleic and docosahexaenoic), and reactive aldehydes (4-hydroxynonenal, 4-oxononenal and malondialdehyde) were determined. ----- RESULTS: Tumour tissues showed lower antioxidant capacity than healthy tissues, which was accompanied by lower levels of fatty acids and higher levels of reactive aldehydes. Disturbances in antioxidant capacity and enhanced DNA oxidative modifications were observed in 88% of AC patients and 81% of SCC patients. The 4-hydroxynonenal-Histidine adducts were detected in the necrotic and stromal cells in all tumours. These findings were associated with the enhanced Nrf2 activity, especially in AC. The strong difference between the cancer subtypes was evident in the levels of endocannabinoids, with an increase in 89% of SCC and a decrease in 85% of AC patients being observed. Additionally, the increase in the expression of CB1/2 receptors was observed only in 82% of AC, while the expression of VR1 and GPR55 was enhanced in 79% of SCC and 82% of AC patients. ----- CONCLUSIONS: This study shows significant differences in the redox status, Nrf2 pathway and endocannabinoid system between SCC and AC tissues. Understanding the relation between the various lipid mediators and antioxidants in different lung cancer subtypes may be beginning for further research on the effective anticancer therapy
A silicone nanocrystal tunnel field effect transistor

Abstract : In this work, we demonstrate a silicon nanocrystal Field Effect Transistor (ncFET). Its operation is similar to that of a Tunnelling Field Effect Transistor (TFET) with two barriers in series. The tunnelling barriers are fabricated in very thin silicon dioxide and the channel in intrinsic polycrystalline silicon. The absence of doping eliminates the problem of achieving sharp doping proﬁles at the junctions, which has proven a challenge for large-scale integration and, in principle, allows scaling down the atomic level. The demonstrated ncFET features a 104 on/off current ratio at room temperature, a low 30pA/lm leakage current at a 0.5V bias, an on-state current on a par with typical all-Si TFETs and bipolar operation with high symmetry. Quantum dot transport spectroscopy is used to assess the band structure and energy levels of the silicon island
Detection and understanding of natural CO2 releases in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa

The work was supported by funding from the UK CCS Research Centre (UKCCSRC). The UKCCSRC is funded by the EPSRC as part of the RCUK Energy Programme. The South African National Energy Development Institute (SANEDI) Stakeholder Engagement team under the South African Centre for Carbon Capture & Storage (SACCCS) is thanked for making the scientific work possible. The National, Provincial and Local Government structures including Traditional Authorities, Municipalities, landowners and local residents are thanked for granting permission to conduct the monitoring in the areas of interest. Council for Geoscience staff are thanked for their assistance and support in the field.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Alexithymia, not autism, is associated with impaired interoception

It has been proposed that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with difficulties perceiving the internal state of one's body (i.e., impaired interoception), causing the socio-emotional deficits which are a diagnostic feature of the condition. However, research indicates that alexithymia – characterized by difficulties in recognizing emotions from internal bodily sensations – is also linked to atypical interoception. Elevated rates of alexithymia in the autistic population have been shown to underpin several socio-emotional impairments thought to be symptomatic of ASD, raising the possibility that interoceptive difficulties in ASD are also due to co-occurring alexithymia. Following this line of inquiry, the present study examined the relative impact of alexithymia and autism on interoceptive accuracy (IA). Across two experiments, it was found that alexithymia, not autism, was associated with atypical interoception. Results indicate that interoceptive impairments should not be considered a feature of ASD, but instead due to co-occurring alexithymia
Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Processed by I-ECAP

Incremental equal channel angular pressing (I-ECAP) is a severe plastic deformation process used to refine grain size of metals, which allows processing very long billets. As described in the current article, an AZ31B magnesium alloy was processed for the first time by three different routes of I-ECAP, namely, A, BC, and C, at 523 K (250 C). The structure of the material was homogenized and refined to ∼5 microns of the average grain size, irrespective of the route used. Mechanical properties of the I-ECAPed samples in tension and compression were investigated. Strong influence of the processing route on yield and fracture behavior of the material was established. It was found that texture controls the mechanical properties of AZ31B magnesium alloy subjected to I-ECAP. SEM and OM techniques were used to obtain microstructural images of the I-ECAPed samples subjected to tension and compression. Increased ductility after I-ECAP was attributed to twinning suppression and facilitation of slip on basal plane. Shear bands were revealed in the samples processed by I-ECAP and subjected to tension. Tension-compression yield stress asymmetry in the samples tested along extrusion direction was suppressed in the material processed by routes BC and C. This effect was attributed to textural development and microstructural homogenization. Twinning activities in fine- and coarse-grained samples have also been studied
Search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons in 7 TeV proton-proton collision data with the ATLAS detector ATLAS Collaboration

A search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons has been performed using 2 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at View the MathML sources=7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed and a 95% CL upper limit on the visible cross section for new phenomena is set, where the visible cross section is defined by the product of cross section, branching fraction, detector acceptance and event selection efficiency. A 95% CL lower limit of 32 TeV is set on the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) scale Λ independent of tan β. These limits provide the most stringent tests to date in a large part of the considered parameter space.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Letter to the editorCUTLASS observations of a high-m ULF wave and its consequences for the DOPE HF Doppler sounder

The CUTLASS
(Co-operative UK Twin Located Auroral Sounding System)
Finland HF radar, whilst operating in a high spatial and
temporal resolution mode, has measured the ionospheric signature of a naturally
occurring ULF wave in scatter artificially generated by
the Tromsù Heater. The wave had a period of 100 s and
exhibited curved phase fronts across the heated volume
(about 180 km along a single radar beam). Spatial
information provided by CUTLASS has enabled an m-number
for the wave of about 38 to be determined. This high-m
wave was not detected by the IMAGE (International Monitor
for Auroral Geomagnetic Efects) network of ground magnetometers, as expected
for a wave of a small spatial scale size. These observations
over the first independent confirmation of the existence
of the ground uncorrelated ULF wave signatures previously
reported in measurements recorded from an HF Doppler sounder located in the
vicinity of Tromsö. These results both demonstrate a new
capability for geophysical exploration from the combined CUTLASS-EISCAT
ionospheric Heater experiment, and provide a verification of the HF Doppler
technique for the investigation of small scale ULF waves.<br><br><b>Key words.&nbsp;</b> 
Ionosphere (ionosphere – magnetosphere interactions)
. Magnetospheric
physics (magnetosphere – ionosphere
interactions; MHD waves and instabilities
Measurement of D-*+/-, D-+/- and D-S(+/-) meson production cross sections in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author)The production of D*(+/-), D-+/- and D-S(+/-) charmed mesons has been measured with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at,/7s = 7 TeV at the LHC, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 280 nb(-)1(.) The charmed mesons have been reconstructed in the range of transverse momentum 3.5 < p(T)(D) < 100 GeV and pseudorapidity vertical bar eta(D)vertical bar < 2.1. The differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity were measured for D*(+/-) and D-+/- production. The next-to-leading-order QCD predictions are consistent with the data in the visible kinematic region within the large theoretical uncertainties. Using the visible D cross sections and an extrapolation to the full kinematic phase space, the strangeness -suppression factor in charm fragmentation, the fraction of charged non -strange D mesons produced in a vector state, and the total cross section of charm production at root s = 7 TeV were derived. (C) 2016 The Authors
Quantifying tropical peatland dissolved organic carbon (DOC) using UV-visible spectroscopy.

UV-visible spectroscopy has been shown to be a useful technique for determining dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. However, at present we are unaware of any studies in the literature that have investigated the suitability of this approach for tropical DOC water samples from any tropical peatlands, although some work has been performed in other tropical environments. We used water samples from two oil palm estates in Sarawak, Malaysia to: i) investigate the suitability of both single and two-wavelength proxies for tropical DOC determination; ii) develop a calibration dataset and set of parameters to calculate DOC concentrations indirectly; iii) provide tropical researchers with guidance on the best spectrophotometric approaches to use in future analyses of DOC. Both single and two-wavelength model approaches performed well with no one model significantly outperforming the other. The predictive ability of the models suggests that UV-visible spectroscopy is both a viable and low cost method for rapidly analyzing DOC in water samples immediately post-collection, which can be important when working at remote field sites with access to only basic laboratory facilities.We thank the Malaysian Oil Palm Board (grant: R010913000); the University of Aberdeen, the University of St. Andrews, and Sarawak Oil Palms Berhad; and the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) (grant: X402NE53) for financial support. V.G and S.C are grateful for support from the AXA Research Fund. S.E.P and M.J.W are grateful to the University of Leicester for study leave.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Implications of 36Cl exposure ages from Skye, northwest Scotland for the timing of ice stream deglaciation and deglacial ice dynamics.

Geochronological constraints on the deglaciation of former marine based ice streams provide information on the rates and modes by which marine based ice sheets have responded to external forcing factors such as climate change. This paper presents new 36Cl cosmic ray exposure dating from boulders located on two moraines (Glen Brittle and Loch Scavaig) in southern Skye, northwest Scotland. Ages from the Glen Brittle moraines constrain deglaciation of a major marine terminating ice stream, the Barra-Donegal Ice Stream that drained the former British-Irish Ice Sheet, depending on choice of production method and scaling model this occurred 19.9 ± 1.5–17.6 ± 1.3 ka ago. We compare this timing of deglaciation to existing geochronological data and changes in a variety of potential forcing factors constrained through proxy records and numerical models to determine what deglaciation age is most consistent with existing evidence. Another small section of moraine, the Scavaig moraine, is traced offshore through multibeam swath-bathymetry and interpreted as delimiting a later stillstand/readvance stage following ice stream deglaciation. Additional cosmic ray exposure dating from the onshore portion of this moraine indicate that it was deposited 16.3 ± 1.3–15.2 ± 0.9 ka ago. When calculated using the most up-to-date scaling scheme this time of deposition is, within uncertainty, the same as the timing of a widely identified readvance, the Wester Ross Readvance, observed elsewhere in northwest Scotland. This extends the area over which this readvance has potentially occurred, reinforcing the view that it was climatically forced
Opportunism and diversification: entrepreneurship and livelihood strategies in uncertain times

As economic crisis deepens across Europe people are forced to find innovative strategies to accommodate circumstances of chronic uncertainty. Even with a second multi-billion euro bailout package secured for Greece, the prospects of a sustainable recovery in the near future look bleak. However, crisis has also created dynamic spaces for entrepreneurial opportunism and diversification resulting in social mobility, relocation, shifts in livelihood strategy and a burgeoning informal economy. Although economic systems are currently undergoing radical reassessment, social demands such as competitive consumption remain. Opportunities for investment in renewable energy programmes, especially photovoltaics, are also pervasive. By considering cases of business opportunism and livelihood diversification in relation to Max Weber's concept of wertrational and notions of uncertainty, this article brings new perspectives to strategies of negotiating the worst economic crisis in living memory
Conformal invariant powers of the Laplacian, Fefferman-Graham ambient
  metric and Ricci gauging

The hierarchy of conformally invariant k-th powers of the Laplacian acting on
a scalar field with scaling dimensions $\Delta_{(k)}=k-d/2$, k=1,2,3 as
obtained in the recent work [1] is rederived using the Fefferman-Graham d+2
dimensional ambient space approach. The corresponding mysterious "holographic"
structure of these operators is clarified. We explore also the d+2 dimensional
ambient space origin of the Ricci gauging procedure proposed by A. Iorio, L.
O'Raifeartaigh, I. Sachs and C. Wiesendanger as another method of constructing
the Weyl invariant Lagrangians. The corresponding \emph{gauged} ambient metric,
Fefferman-Graham expansion and extended Penrose-Brown-Henneaux transformations
are proposed and analyzed.Comment: 15 pages, Latex, v.2 references added, v.3 ref. added, to appear in
  Phys. Lett.
Measurement of the production cross section for a W boson and two b jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV

The production cross section for a W boson and two b jets is measured using proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV in a data sample collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns. The W + b b-bar events are selected in the W to mu nu decay mode by requiring a muon with transverse momentum pt > 25 GeV and pseudorapidity abs(eta) < 2.1, and exactly two b-tagged jets with pt > 25 GeV and abs(eta) < 2.4. The measured W + b b-bar production cross section in the fiducial region, calculated at the level of final-state particles, is sigma(pp to W + b b-bar) x B(W to mu nu) = 0.53 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.09 (syst.) +/- 0.06 (theo.) +/- 0.01 (lum.) pb, in agreement with the standard model prediction. In addition, kinematic distributions of the W + b b-bar system are in agreement with the predictions of a simulation using MADGRAPH and PYTHIA
Features and Origin of Red Clays\ud
in Castafiar Cave: A Touch of Colour

In Castaiiar Cave (Caceres, Spain), coatings of red clays cover the walls\ud
of the chambers, coexisting with diverse speleothems of aragonite, calcite, huntite\ud
and dolomite. The mineralogy of the clays is mainly illite, chlorite, kaolinite, smectite,\ud
quartz and Fe oxides and hydroxides such as goethite. They can be transported\ud
into the cave by infiltration waters or form by in situ alteration of the host rock: layers\ud
of dolomite rich in Fe and magnesite interbedded with greywackes and shales.\ud
Present-day hydrological conditions in the cave and conditions during the formation\ud
of speleothems have determined that the clays have not been transported by any\ud
flooding or seepage, but mostly staying in situ, and not included into carbonate crystal\ud
forms . Thus, most of the well-preserved speleothems are white and not stained,\ud
conforming an interesting chromatic contrast with the red clays that represent an\ud
additional attraction in this show cave
Removing systematics from the CoRoT light curves: I. Magnitude-Dependent
  Zero Point

This paper presents an analysis that searched for systematic effects within
the CoRoT exoplanet field light curves. The analysis identified a systematic
effect that modified the zero point of most CoRoT exposures as a function of
stellar magnitude. We could find this effect only after preparing a set of
learning light curves that were relatively free of stellar and instrumental
noise. Correcting for this effect, rejecting outliers that appear in almost
every exposure, and applying SysRem, reduced the stellar RMS by about 20 %,
without attenuating transit signals.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic
Heterotic compactifications on nearly K\"ahler manifolds

We consider compactifications of heterotic supergravity on anti-de Sitter
space, with a six-dimensional nearly K"ahler manifold as the internal space.
Completing the model proposed by Frey and Lippert with the particular choice of
SU(3)/U(1)xU(1) for the internal manifold, we show that it satisfies not only
the supersymmetry constraints but also the equations of motion with string
corrections of order alpha'. Furthermore, we present a non-supersymmetric
model. In both solutions we find confirmed a recent result of Ivanov on the
connection used for anomaly cancellation. Interestingly, the volume of the
internal space is fixed by the supersymmetry constraints and/or the equations
of motion.Comment: 1+16 page
Star formation properties of UCM galaxies

We present new near-infrared J and K imaging data for 67 galaxies from the
Universidad Complutense de Madrid survey used to determine the SFR density of
the local universe by Gallego et al. (1995). This is a sample of local
star-forming galaxies with redshift lower than 0.045, and they constitute a
representative subsample of the galaxies in the complete UCM survey. From the
new data, complemented with our own Gunn-r images and long-slit optical
spectroscopy, we have measured integrated K-band luminosities, r-J and J-K
colours, and Halpha luminosities and equivalent widths. Using a maximum
likelihood estimator and a complete set of evolutionary synthesis models, these
observations have allowed us to estimate the strength of the current (or most
recent) burst of star formation, its age, the star-formation rate and the total
stellar mass of the galaxies. An average galaxy in the sample has a stellar
mass of 5E10 Msun and is undergoing (or recently completed) a burst of star
formation involving about 2 per cent of its total stellar mass. We have
identified two separate classes of star-forming galaxies in the UCM sample: low
luminosity, high excitation galaxies (HII-like) and relatively luminous spirals
galaxies (starburst disk-like). The former show higher specific star formation
rates (SFR per unit mass) and burst strengths, and lower stellar masses than
the latter. With regard to their specific star formation rates, the UCM
galaxies are intermediate objects between normal quiescent spirals and the most
extreme HII galaxies.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, also
  available at ftp://cutrex.fis.ucm.es/pub/OUT/gil/PAPERS/mnras00.ps.g