pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Scaling Self-Similar Formulation of the String Equations of the
  Hermitian Matrix Model

The string equation appearing in the double scaling limit of the Hermitian
one--matrix model, which corresponds to a Galilean self--similar condition for
the KdV hierarchy, is reformulated as a scaling self--similar condition for the
Ur--KdV hierarchy. A non--scaling limit analysis of the one--matrix model has
led to the complexified NLS hierarchy and a string equation. We show that this
corresponds to the Galilean self--similarity condition for the AKNS hierarchy
and also its equivalence to a scaling self--similar condition for the
Heisenberg ferromagnet hierarchy.Comment: 12 pages in AMS-LaTeX, AMS-LaTeXable versio
Dynamics and thermodynamics of decay in charged clusters

We propose a method for quantifying charge-driven instabilities in clusters,
based on equilibrium simulations under confinement at constant external
pressure. This approach makes no assumptions about the mode of decay and allows
different clusters to be compared on an equal footing. A comprehensive survey
of stability in model clusters of 309 Lennard-Jones particles augmented with
Coulomb interactions is presented. We proceed to examine dynamic signatures of
instability, finding that rate constants for ejection of charged particles
increase smoothly as a function of total charge with no sudden changes. For
clusters where many particles carry charge, ejection of individual charges
competes with a fission process that leads to more symmetric division of the
cluster into large fragments. The rate constants for fission depend much more
sensitively on total charge than those for ejection of individual particles.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, Special Issue of Molecular Physics for the 70th
  birthday of Jean-Pierre Hanse
Hydrodynamics of the Polyakov Line in SU$(N_c)$ Yang-Mills

We discuss a hydrodynamical description of the eigenvalues of the Polyakov
line at large but finite $N_c$ for Yang-Mills theory in even and odd space-time
dimensions. The hydro-static solutions for the eigenvalue densities are shown
to interpolate between a uniform distribution in the confined phase and a
localized distribution in the de-confined phase. The resulting critical
temperatures are in overall agreement with those measured on the lattice over a
broad range of $N_c$, and are consistent with the string model results at
$N_c=\infty$. The stochastic relaxation of the eigenvalues of the Polyakov line
out of equilibrium is captured by a hydrodynamical instanton. An estimate of
the probability of formation of a Z(N$_c)$ bubble using a piece-wise sound wave
is suggested.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure
The Megasecond Chandra X-Ray Visionary Project Observation of NGC 3115
  (II): properties of point sources

We have carried out an in-depth study of low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs)
detected in the nearby lenticular galaxy NGC 3115, using the Megasecond Chandra
X-Ray Visionary Project observation (total exposure time 1.1 Ms). In total we
found 136 candidate LMXBs in the field and 49 in globular clusters (GCs) above
2\sigma\ detection, with 0.3--8 keV luminosity L_X ~10^36-10^39 erg/s. Other
than 13 transient candidates, the sources overall have less long-term
variability at higher luminosity, at least at L_X > 2x10^37 erg/s. In order to
identify the nature and spectral state of our sources, we compared their
collective spectral properties based on single-component models (a simple power
law or a multicolor disk) with the spectral evolution seen in representative
Galactic LMXBs. We found that in the L_X versus photon index \Gamma_PL and L_X
versus disk temperature kT_MCD plots, most of our sources fall on a narrow
track in which the spectral shape hardens with increasing luminosity below
L_X~7x10^37 erg/s but is relatively constant (\Gamma_PL~1.5 or kT_MCD~1.5 keV)
above this luminosity, similar to the spectral evolution of Galactic neutron
star (NS) LMXBs in the soft state in the Chandra bandpass. Therefore we
identified the track as the NS LMXB soft-state track and suggested sources with
L_X<7x10^37 erg/s as atolls in the soft state and those with L_X>7x10^37 erg/s
as Z sources. Ten other sources (five are transients) displayed significantly
softer spectra and are probably black hole X-ray binaries in the thermal state.
One of them (persistent) is in a metal-poor GC.Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures, four online tables, accepted for publication in
  Ap
Pentaquarks from intrinsic charms in $\Lambda_b$ decays

We study the three-body $\Lambda_b$ decays of $\Lambda_b\to J/\psi pM$ with
$M=K^-$ and $\pi^-$. The two new states ${\cal P}_{c1}\equiv {\cal
P}_c(4380)^+$ and ${\cal P}_{c2}\equiv {\cal P}_c(4450)^+$ observed recently as
the resonances in the $J/\psi p$ invariant mass spectrum of $\Lambda_b\to
J/\psi p K^-$ can be identified to consist of five quarks, $uudc\bar c$, being
consistent with the existence of the pentaquark states. We argue that, in the
doubly charmful $\Lambda_b$ decays of $\Lambda_b\to J/\psi pK^-$ through $b\to
c\bar c s$, apart from those through the non-resonant $\Lambda_b\to pK^-$ and
resonant $\Lambda_b\to \Lambda^*\to pK^-$ transitions, the third contribution
with the non-factorizable effects is not the dominant part for the resonant
$\Lambda_b\to K^-{\cal P}_{c1,c2}, {\cal P}_{c1,c2}\to J/\psi p$ processes,
such that we propose that the ${\cal P}_{c1,c2}$ productions are mainly from
the charmless $\Lambda_b$ decays through $b\to \bar u u s$, in which the $c\bar
c$ content in ${\cal P}_{c1,c2}$ arises from the intrinsic charms within the
$\Lambda_b$ baryon. We hence predict the observables related to the branching
ratios and the direct CP violating asymmetries to be ${\cal B}(\Lambda_b\to
\pi^-({\cal P}_{c1,c2}\to) J/\psi p)/{\cal B}(\Lambda_b\to K^-({\cal
P}_{c1,c2}\to) J/\psi p)=0.8\pm 0.1$, ${\cal A}_{CP}(\Lambda_b\to \pi^-({\cal
P}_{c1,c2}\to)J/\psi p)=(-3.9\pm 0.2)\%$, and ${\cal A}_{CP}(\Lambda_b\to
K^-({\cal P}_{c1,c2}\to)J/\psi p)=(5.8\pm 0.2)\%$, which can alleviate the
inconsistency between the theoretical expectations from the three contributions
in the doubly charmful $\Lambda_b$ decays and the observed data.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, revised version accepted by PL
Integrated planning and scheduling in operational patient management

This thesis presents new optimisation methods for daily planning in hospitals. Implemented in software, these methods can contribute to shorter waiting times for urgently ill patients, such as cancer patients, as well a better utilisation of expensive hospital resources. One of the main challenges a hospital faces is to give proper treatment to each patient, at the right time, using the hospital's limited resources. To achieve this, it is critical that the treatment of all patients is planned as well as possible. The optimal plan is one that optimises the patients' waiting time, the number of cancellations, staff overtime, and so on. Today, this planning is done using simple rules for scheduling each patient, based on the planner's experience. While this works, from day to day, the resulting plans are often not optimal. Finding the optimal plan is very difficult, because of the inherent complexity of the underlying, mathematical, optimisation problem. Better planning therefore requires that the planner has access to powerful optimisation tools. The optimisation methods that are presented in this thesis contribute towards the development of such tools. The focus of this work has been on modelling and solving complex, real life, planning problems, without introducing unnecessary simplifications. Also, a point has been made to develop a general mathematical model that can capture a wide range of planning situations, including for example the scheduling of patients for surgery, diagnostic services, therapeutic services, or cancer treatment. Based on this model, different exact and approximate optimisation methods have been developed. The methods have been validated based on realistic data from different planning situations in different Norwegian Hospitals
ASSERT - The Autism Symptom SElf-ReporT for adolescents and adults: Bifactor analysis and validation in a large adolescent population

With a view to developing a brief screening instrument for autism symptoms in a general population of adolescents, seven items from the Asperger syndrome (and high-functioning autism) diagnostic interview were adapted for use as self-report in an online questionnaire for youths aged 16–19 years (N = 10,220). The selected items target lack of social understanding (4 items) and rigid and repetitive behavior and interests (RRBI; 3 items). Factor analyses were performed, and the seven items were also validated against self-reported ASD diagnosis. Best statistical model fit was found for a bifactor model with one general factor and two domain specific factors tied to social difficulties and RRBI. Both the general and the domain specific factors were associated with self-reported ASD diagnoses. The scale (referred to as the Autism Symptom SElf-ReporT for Adolescents and Adults – ASSERT) had good screening properties with a receiver operating curve-area under the curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.87 and a diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 15.8. Applying a modified scoring of the scale further improved the screening properties leading to a ROC-AUC of 0.89 and a DOR of 24.9. The ASSERT holds promise as a brief self-report screen for autism symptoms in adolescents, and further studies should explore its usefulness for adults
Atypical visual processing in posttraumatic stress disorder

BACKGROUND: \ud
Many patients with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) feel overwhelmed in situations with high levels of sensory input, as in crowded situations with complex sensory characteristics. These difficulties might be related to subtle sensory processing deficits similar to those that have been found for sounds in electrophysiological studies.\ud
\ud
METHOD: \ud
Visual processing was investigated with functional magnetic resonance imaging in trauma-exposed participants with (N = 18) and without PTSD (N = 21) employing a picture-viewing task.\ud
\ud
RESULTS: \ud
Activity observed in response to visual scenes was lower in PTSD participants 1) in the ventral stream of the visual system, including striate and extrastriate, inferior temporal, and entorhinal cortices, and 2) in dorsal and ventral attention systems (P < 0.05, FWE-corrected). These effects could not be explained by the emotional salience of the pictures.\ud
\ud
CONCLUSIONS: \ud
Visual processing was substantially altered in PTSD in the ventral visual stream, a component of the visual system thought to be responsible for object property processing. Together with previous reports of subtle auditory deficits in PTSD, these findings provide strong support for potentially important sensory processing deficits, whose origins may be related to dysfunctional attention processes
Thomas-fermi approach to resonant-tunneling in delta-doped diodes

We study resonant tunneling in B-S-doped diodes grown by Si-molecular beam epitaxy. A Thomas-Fermi approach is used to obtain the conduction-band modulation. Using a scalar Hamiltonian within the effective-mass approximation. we demonstrate that the occurrence of negative differential resistance (NDR) only involves conduction-band states, whereas interband tunneling effects seem to be negligible. Our theoretical results are in very good agreement with recent experimental observations of NDR in this type of diode. 0 1995 American Institute of Physics
Inclusive, prompt and non-prompt J/psi production at mid-rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV

The transverse momentum (p T) dependence of the nuclear modification factor R AA and the centrality dependence of the average transverse momentum 〈p T〉 for inclusive J/ψ have been measured with ALICE for Pb-Pb collisions at sNN−−−√=2.76 TeV in the e+e− decay channel at mid-rapidity (|y| &lt; 0.8). The 〈p T〉 is significantly smaller than the one observed for pp collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy. Consistently, an increase of R AA is observed towards low p T. These observations might be indicative of a sizable contribution of charm quark coalescence to the J/ψ production. Additionally, the fraction of non-prompt J/ψ from beauty hadron decays, f B, has been determined in the region 1.5 &lt; p T &lt; 10 GeV/c in three centrality intervals. No significant centrality dependence of f B is observed. Finally, the R AA of non-prompt J/ψ is discussed and compared with model predictions. The nuclear modification in the region 4.5 &lt; p T &lt; 10 GeV/c is found to be stronger than predicted by most models
Stable Bianchi III attractor in U(1) R gauged supergravity

Bianchi attractors are homogeneous but anisotropic extremal black brane horizons. We study the AdS 3  × ℍ 2 solution which is a special case of Bianchi type III in a U(1) R gauged supergravity. For a wide range of values for certain free parameters in gauged supergravity, there exist a large class of solutions that satisfy conditions for the attractor mechanism to hold. We investigate the response of the solution against linearized fluctuations of the scalar field. The sufficient conditions for the attractor mechanism ensure that there exist a solution for the scalar fluctuation which dies out at the horizon. Furthermore, we solve for the gauge field and metric fluctuations that are sourced by scalar fluctuations and show that they are well behaved near the horizon. Thus, we have an example of a stable Bianchi attractor in gauged supergravity. We also analyze the Killing spinor equations of gauged supergravity in the background of our solution. We find that a radial Killing spinor consistent with the Bianchi III symmetry breaks supersymmetry
Bose-Fermi degeneracies in large N adjoint QCD

We analyze the large N limit of adjoint QCD, an SU( N ) gauge theory with N f flavors of massless adjoint Majorana fermions, compactified on S 3 × S 1 . We focus on the weakly-coupled confining small- S 3 regime. If the fermions are given periodic boundary conditions on S 1 , we show that there are large cancellations between bosonic and fermionic contributions to the twisted partition function. These cancellations follow a pattern previously seen in the context of misaligned supersymmetry, and lead to the absence of Hagedorn instabilities for any S 1 size L , even though the bosonic and fermionic densities of states both have Hagedorn growth. Adjoint QCD stays in the confining phase for any L ∼ N 0 , explaining how it is able to enjoy large N volume independence for any L . The large N boson-fermion cancellations take place in a setting where adjoint QCD is manifestly non-supersymmetric at any finite N , and are consistent with the recent conjecture that adjoint QCD has emergent fermionic symmetries in the large N limit
Neutrino transition magnetic moments within the non-standard neutrino–nucleus interactions

Tensorial non-standard neutrino interactions are studied through a combined analysis of nuclear structure calculations and a sensitivity χ2 -type of neutrino events expected to be measured at the COHERENT experiment, recently planned to operate at the Spallation Neutron Source (Oak Ridge). Potential sizeable predictions on transition neutrino magnetic moments and other electromagnetic parameters, such as neutrino milli-charges, are also addressed. The non-standard neutrino–nucleus processes, explored from nuclear physics perspectives within the context of quasi-particle random phase approximation, are exploited in order to estimate the expected number of events originating from vector and tensor exotic interactions for the case of reactor neutrinos, studied with TEXONO and GEMMA neutrino detectors
Study of shear viscosity of SU(2)-gluodynamics within lattice simulation

This paper is devoted to the study of two-point correlation function of the energy-momentum tensor 〈 T 12 T 12 〉 for SU(2)-gluodynamics within lattice simulation of QCD. Using multilevel algorithm we carried out the measurement of the correlation function at the temperature T /T c ≃ 1 . 2. It is shown that lattice data can be described by spec-tral functions which interpolate between hydrodynamics at low frequencies and asymptotic freedom at high frequencies. The results of the study of spectral functions allowed us to estimate the ratio of shear viscosity to the entropy density η/s = 0 . 134 ± 0 . 057
Macrofossils in Raraku Lake (Easter Island) integrated with sedimentary and geochemical records: Towards a palaeoecological synthesis for the last 34,000 years

Macrofossil analysis of a composite 19m long sediment core from Rano Raraku Lake (Easter Island) wasrelated to litho-sedimentary and geochemical features of the sediment. Strong stratigraphical patterns are shown by indirect gradient analyses of the data. The good correspondence between the stratigraphical patterns derived from macrofossil (Correspondence Analysis) and sedimentary and geochemical data (Principal Component Analysis) shows that macrofossil associations provide sound palaeolimnological information in conjunction with sedimentary data. The main taphonomic factors influencing the macrofossil assemblages are run-off from the catchment, the littoral plant belt, and the depositional environment within the basin. Five main stages during the last 34,000 calibrated years BP (calyrBP) are characterised from the lithological, geochemical, and macrofossil data. From 34 to 14.6calkyrBP (last glacial period) the sediments were largely derived from the catchment, indicating a high energy lake environment with much erosion and run-off bringing abundant plant trichomes, lichens, and mosses into the centre of Raraku Lake. During the early Holocene the infilling of the lake basin and warmer conditions favoured the growth of a littoral plant belt that obstructed terrigenous input. Cladoceran remains and Solanaceae seeds are indicative of reduced run-off and higher values of N and organic C indicate increased aquatic and catchment productivity. From 8.7 to 4.5calkyrBP a swamp occupied the entire basin. The increase of Cyperaceae seeds reflects this swamp development and, with oribatid mites and coleopteran remains, indicates a peaty environment and more anoxic conditions in Raraku. At around 4.5calkyrBP dry conditions prevented peat growth and there is a sedimentary hiatus. About 800calyrBP, peat deposition resumed. Finally, in the last few centuries, a small lake formed within the surrounding swamp. Evidence of human activity is recorded in these uppermost sediments. Â© 2011 Elsevier Ltd.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education through the projects LAVOLTER (CGL2004-00683/BTE), GEOBILA (CGL2007-60932/BTE) and CONSOLIDER GRACCIE (CSD2007-00067) and an undergraduate grant (BES-2008-002938 to N. Cañellas-Boltà).Peer Reviewe
THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL PROJECTED SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. I. METHOD AND APPLICATION TO NGC 4261

We present a new method for the determination of the two-dimensional (2D) projected spatial distribution of globular clusters (GCs) in external galaxies. This method is based on the K-Nearest Neighbor density estimator of Dressler, complemented by Monte-Carlo simulations to establish the statistical significance of the results. We apply this method to NGC 4261, a "test galaxy" where significant 2D anisotropy in the GC distribution has been reported. We confirm that the 2D distribution of GC is not azimuthally isotropic. Moreover, we demonstrate that the 2D distribution departures from the average GC radial distribution results in highly significant spiral-like or broken shell features. Overall, the same perturbations are found in "red" and "blue" GCs, but with some differences. In particular, we observe a central feature, roughly aligned with the minor axis of NGC 4261, composed of red and most luminous GCs. Blue and fainter GCs are more frequent at large radial distances and follow the spiral-like features of the overall density structure. These results suggest a complex merging history for NGC 4261.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Cosmic X-ray surveys of distant active galaxies.

We review results from cosmic X-ray surveys of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) over the past ≈15 years that have dramatically improved our understanding of growing supermassive black holes in the distant universe. First, we discuss the utility of such surveys for AGN investigations and the capabilities of the missions making these surveys, emphasizing Chandra, XMM-Newton, and NuSTAR. Second, we briefly describe the main cosmic X-ray surveys, the essential roles of complementary multiwavelength data, and how AGNs are selected from these surveys. We then review key results from these surveys on the AGN population and its evolution (“demographics”), the physical processes operating in AGNs (“physics”), and the interactions between AGNs and their environments (“ecology”). We conclude by describing some significant unresolved questions and prospects for advancing the field
Next-to-leading order QCD predictions for top-quark pair production with up to two jets merged with a parton shower.

We present differential cross sections for the production of top-quark pairs in conjunction with up to two jets, computed at next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD and consistently merged with a parton shower in the Sherpa+OpenLoops framework. Top quark decays including spin correlation effects are taken into account at leading order accuracy. The calculation yields a unified description of top-pair plus multi-jet production, and detailed results are presented for various key observables at the Large Hadron Collider. A large improvement with respect to the multi-jet merging approach at leading order is found for the total transverse energy spectrum, which plays a prominent role in searches for physics beyond the Standard Model
Measured internal temperatures in UK homes: a time series analysis and modelling approach

This is an Open Access Article. It is published by Elsevier under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported Licence (CC BY-NC-ND). Full details of this licence are available at: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This paper presents an analysis of internal air temperatures measured hourly in the living rooms of 230 domestic buildings in the city of Leicester, UK. Time series analysis is used to identify the mechanisms that shape room temperatures, during the summertime period of July and August, in rooms that are neither mechanically heated nor cooled, and to develop empirical models of room temperatures for use in predicting future temperatures based on past measured values and on future weather conditions. Such models can enable overheating risk alerts for homeowners and public authorities to be more accurately estimated and targeted
The evolution of green jobs in Scotland : a hybrid approach

In support of its ambitious target to reduce CO2 emissions the Scottish Government is aiming to have the equivalent of 100% of Scottish electricity consumption generated from renewable sources by 2020. This is, at least in part, motivated by an expectation of subsequent employment growth in low carbon and renewable energy technologies; however there is no official data source to track employment in these areas. This has led to a variety of definitions, methodologies and alternative estimates being produced. Building on a recent study (Bishop et al, 2013) we develop a "hybrid" approach which combines the detail of "bottom-up" surveys with "top-down" trend data to produce estimates on employment in Low Carbon Environmental Goods and Services (LCEGS). We demonstrate this methodology to produce estimates for such employment in Scotland between 2004 and 2012. Our approach shows how survey and official sources can combine to produce a more timely measure of employment in LCEGS activities, assisting policymakers in tracking, consistently, developments. Applying our approach, we find that over this period employment in LCEGS in Scotland grew, but that this was more volatile than aggregate employment, and in particular that employment in this sector was particularly badly hit during the great recession