pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Evidential evolving Gustafson–Kessel algorithm for online data streams partitioning using belief function theory

AbstractA new online clustering method called E2GK (Evidential Evolving Gustafson–Kessel) is introduced. This partitional clustering algorithm is based on the concept of credal partition defined in the theoretical framework of belief functions. A credal partition is derived online by applying an algorithm resulting from the adaptation of the Evolving Gustafson–Kessel (EGK) algorithm. Online partitioning of data streams is then possible with a meaningful interpretation of the data structure. A comparative study with the original online procedure shows that E2GK outperforms EGK on different entry data sets. To show the performance of E2GK, several experiments have been conducted on synthetic data sets as well as on data collected from a real application problem. A study of parameters’ sensitivity is also carried out and solutions are proposed to limit complexity issues
Impact factors for Reggeon-gluon transition in N=4 SYM with large number of colours

AbstractWe calculate impact factors for Reggeon-gluon transition in supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory with four supercharges at large number of colours Nc. In the next-to-leading order impact factors are not uniquely defined and must accord with BFKL kernels and energy scales. We obtain the impact factor corresponding to the kernel and the energy evolution parameter, which is invariant under Möbius transformation in momentum space, and show that it is also Möbius invariant up to terms taken into account in the BDS ansatz
Bound diquarks and their Bose–Einstein condensation in strongly coupled quark matter

AbstractWe explore the formation of diquark bound states and their Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) in the phase diagram of three-flavor quark matter at nonzero temperature, T, and quark chemical potential, μ. Using a quark model with a four-fermion interaction, we identify diquark excitations as poles of the microscopically computed diquark propagator. The quark masses are obtained by solving a dynamical equation for the chiral condensate and are found to determine the stability of the diquark excitations. The stability of diquark excitations is investigated in the T–μ plane for different values of the diquark coupling strength. We find that diquark bound states appear at small quark chemical potentials and at intermediate coupling strengths. Bose–Einstein condensation of non-strange diquark states occurs when the attractive interaction between quarks is sufficiently strong
Stochastic Cahn–Hilliard equation with singular nonlinearity and reflection

AbstractWe consider a stochastic partial differential equation with logarithmic (or negative power) nonlinearity, with one reflection at 0 and with a constraint of conservation of the space average. The equation, driven by the derivative in space of a space–time white noise, contains a bi-Laplacian in the drift. The lack of the maximum principle for the bi-Laplacian generates difficulties for the classical penalization method, which uses a crucial monotonicity property. Being inspired by the works of Debussche and Zambotti, we use a method based on infinite dimensional equations, approximation by regular equations and convergence of the approximated semigroup. We obtain existence and uniqueness of a solution for nonnegative initial conditions, results on the invariant measures, and on the reflection measures
Search for scalar top quark pair production in natural gauge mediated supersymmetry models with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractThe results of a search for pair production of the lighter scalar partners of top quarks (t˜1) in 2.05 fb−1 of pp collisions at s=7 TeV using the ATLAS experiment at the LHC are reported. Scalar top quarks are searched for in events with two same flavour opposite-sign leptons (e,μ) with invariant mass consistent with the Z boson mass, large missing transverse momentum and jets in the final state. At least one of the jets is identified as originating from a b-quark. No excess over Standard Model expectations is found. The results are interpreted in the framework of R-parity conserving, gauge mediated Supersymmetry breaking ‘natural’ scenarios, where the neutralino (χ˜10) is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle. Scalar top quark masses up to 310 GeV are excluded for 115 GeV<mχ˜10<230 GeV at 95% confidence level, reaching an exclusion of mt˜1<330 GeV for mχ˜10=190 GeV. Scalar top quark masses below 240 GeV are excluded for all values of mχ˜10>mZ
The development of a heat wave vulnerability index for London, United Kingdom

AbstractThe health impacts of heat waves are an emerging environmental health concern. This is especially so for large cities where there is a concentration of people and because of the urban heat island effect. Temperatures within cities can reach stressful levels during extreme temperature events. To better manage heat related health risks, information is required on the intra-urban variability of vulnerability to heat wave events. Accordingly a heat vulnerability index (HVI) is developed and presented for Greater London in the United Kingdom. The approach to HVI development adopted is an inductive one whereby nine proxy measures of heat risk are extracted from the 2001 London census for 4765 census districts and subject to principal components analysis. Scores for the emergent principal components are weighted according to the variance they explain and summed to form the HVI. Although mapping of the HVI shows what appears to be a heterogeneous heat “risk-scape” statistical testing reveals significant spatial clustering of areas of high heat vulnerability in central and east London which also co-occur with areas of potentially high heat exposure. Drivers of the spatial pattern of heat vulnerability are discussed as are the implications of study results for heat risk management in large cities
The evolution of insecticide resistance in the peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae

AbstractThe peach potato aphid, Myzus persicae is a globally distributed crop pest with a host range of over 400 species including many economically important crop plants. The intensive use of insecticides to control this species over many years has led to populations that are now resistant to several classes of insecticide. Work spanning over 40 years has shown that M. persicae has a remarkable ability to evolve mechanisms that avoid or overcome the toxic effect of insecticides with at least seven independent mechanisms of resistance described in this species to date. The array of novel resistance mechanisms, including several ‘first examples’, that have evolved in this species represents an important case study for the evolution of insecticide resistance and also rapid adaptive change in insects more generally. In this review we summarise the biochemical and molecular mechanisms underlying resistance in M. persicae and the insights study of this topic has provided on how resistance evolves, the selectivity of insecticides, and the link between resistance and host plant adaptation
Inclusive search for a vector-like T quark with charge 23 in pp collisions at s=8 TeV

AbstractA search is performed for a massive new vector-like quark T, with charge 23, that is pair produced together with its antiparticle in proton–proton collisions. The data were collected by the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 at s=8 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−1. The T quark is assumed to decay into three different final states, bW, tZ, and tH. The search is carried out using events with at least one isolated lepton. No deviations from standard model expectations are observed, and lower limits are set on the T quark mass at 95% confidence level. The lower limit lies between 687 and 782 GeV for all possible values of the branching fractions into the three different final states assuming strong production. These limits are the most stringent constraints to date on the existence of such a quark
The Cauchy problem for the homogeneous Monge–Ampère equation, II. Legendre transform

AbstractWe continue our study of the Cauchy problem for the homogeneous (real and complex) Monge–Ampère equation (HRMA/HCMA). In the prequel (Y.A. Rubinstein and S. Zelditch [27]) a quantum mechanical approach for solving the HCMA was developed, and was shown to coincide with the well-known Legendre transform approach in the case of the HRMA. In this article—that uses tools of convex analysis and can be read independently—we prove that the candidate solution produced by these methods ceases to solve the HRMA, even in a weak sense, as soon as it ceases to be differentiable. At the same time, we show that it does solve the equation on its dense regular locus, and we derive an explicit a priori upper bound on its Monge–Ampère mass. The technique involves studying regularity of Legendre transforms of families of non-convex functions
Trigonometric version of quantum–classical duality in integrable systems

AbstractWe extend the quantum–classical duality to the trigonometric (hyperbolic) case. The duality establishes an explicit relationship between the classical N-body trigonometric Ruijsenaars–Schneider model and the inhomogeneous twisted XXZ spin chain on N sites. Similarly to the rational version, the spin chain data fixes a certain Lagrangian submanifold in the phase space of the classical integrable system. The inhomogeneity parameters are equal to the coordinates of particles while the velocities of classical particles are proportional to the eigenvalues of the spin chain Hamiltonians (residues of the properly normalized transfer matrix). In the rational version of the duality, the action variables of the Ruijsenaars–Schneider model are equal to the twist parameters with some multiplicities defined by quantum (occupation) numbers. In contrast to the rational version, in the trigonometric case there is a splitting of the spectrum of action variables (eigenvalues of the classical Lax matrix). The limit corresponding to the classical Calogero–Sutherland system and quantum trigonometric Gaudin model is also described as well as the XX limit to free fermions
Pair-vibrational states in the presence of neutron–proton pairing

AbstractPair vibrations are studied for a Hamiltonian with neutron–neutron, proton–proton and neutron–proton pairing. The spectrum is found to be rich in strongly correlated, low-lying excited states. Changing the ratio of diagonal to off-diagonal pairing matrix elements is found to have a large impact on the excited-state spectrum. The variational configuration interaction (VCI) method, used to calculate the excitation spectrum, is found to be in very good agreement with exact solutions for systems with large degeneracies having equal T=0 and T=1 pairing strengths
Comprehensive assessment of soil erosion risk for better land use planning in river basins: Case study of the Upper Blue Nile River

AbstractIn the drought-prone Upper Blue Nile River (UBNR) basin of Ethiopia, soil erosion by water results in significant consequences that also affect downstream countries. However, there have been limited comprehensive studies of this and other basins with diverse agroecologies. We analyzed the variability of gross soil loss and sediment yield rates under present and expected future conditions using a newly devised methodological framework. The results showed that the basin generates an average soil loss rate of 27.5tha−1yr−1 and a gross soil loss of ca. 473Mtyr−1, of which, at least 10% comes from gully erosion and 26.7% leaves Ethiopia. In a factor analysis, variation in agroecology (average factor score=1.32) and slope (1.28) were the two factors most responsible for this high spatial variability. About 39% of the basin area is experiencing severe to very severe (>30tha−1yr−1) soil erosion risk, which is strongly linked to population density. Severe or very severe soil erosion affects the largest proportion of land in three subbasins of the UBNR basin: Blue Nile 4 (53.9%), Blue Nile 3 (45.1%), and Jema Shet (42.5%). If appropriate soil and water conservation practices targeted ca. 77.3% of the area with moderate to severe erosion (>15tha−1yr−1), the total soil loss from the basin could be reduced by ca. 52%. Our methodological framework identified the potential risk for soil erosion in large-scale zones, and with a more sophisticated model and input data of higher spatial and temporal resolution, results could be specified locally within these risk zones. Accurate assessment of soil erosion in the UBNR basin would support sustainable use of the basin's land resources and possibly open up prospects for cooperation in the Eastern Nile region
An unfitted Nitsche method for incompressible fluid–structure interaction using overlapping meshes

AbstractWe consider the extension of the Nitsche method to the case of fluid–structure interaction problems on unfitted meshes. We give a stability analysis for the space semi-discretized problem and show how this estimate may be used to derive optimal error estimates for smooth solutions, irrespectively of the mesh/interface intersection. We also discuss different strategies for the time discretization, using either fully implicit or explicit coupling (loosely coupled) schemes. Some numerical examples illustrate the theoretical discussion
On non-linear partial differential equations with an infinite-dimensional conditional symmetry

AbstractThe invariance of non-linear partial differential equations under a certain infinite-dimensional Lie algebra AN(z) in N spatial dimensions is studied. The special case A1(2) was introduced in [J. Stat. Phys. 75 (1994) 1023] and contains the Schrödinger Lie algebra sch1 as a Lie subalgebra. It is shown that there is no second-order equation which is invariant under the massless realizations of AN(z). However, a large class of strongly non-linear partial differential equations is found which are conditionally invariant with respect to the massless realization of AN(z) such that the well-known Monge–Ampère equation is the required additional condition. New exact solutions are found for some representatives of this class
First measurement of the electromagnetic form factor of the neutral kaon at a large momentum transfer and the effect of SU(3) breaking

AbstractAt large momentum transfers the photon interacts with the charges and spins of the constituent partons in a hadron. It is expected that the neutral kaon can acquire finite electromagnetic form factors because its wave function is affected by the order of magnitude difference between the mass of the strange quark and that of the down quark, or flavor SU(3) breaking. We report on the first measurement of the form factor of neutral kaons at the large timelike momentum transfer of |Q2|=17.4 GeV2 by measuring the cross section for e+e−→KSKL at s=4.17 GeV using CLEO-c data with an integrated luminosity of 586 pb−1. We obtain FKSKL(17.4 GeV2)=5.3×10−3, with a 90% C.L. interval of (2.9–8.2)×10−3. This is nearly an order of magnitude smaller than FK+K−(17.4 GeV2)=(44±1)×10−3, and indicates that the effect of SU(3) breaking is small. In turn, this makes it unlikely that the recently observed strong violation of the pQCD prediction, Fπ+π−(|Q2|)/FK+K−(|Q2|)=fπ2/fK2, which is based on the assumption of similar wave functions for the pions and kaons, can be attributed to SU(3) breaking alone
A fluid dynamic gauging device for measuring biofilm thickness on cylindrical surfaces

AbstractMany industrial processes are susceptible to biofouling. The thickness and structure of such biofilms are key factors in the design of effective cleaning strategies. A novel method based on fluid dynamic gauging has been developed for measuring the thickness and the shear stress needed for removal of the biofilms formed on cylindrical surfaces. The device operates with the test cylinder immersed in liquid: liquid is withdrawn or ejected from a nozzle located near the biofilm surface. There is no net change of liquid volume, making it ideal for sterile and aseptic operation and for studies using valuable liquids. Biofilm removal may also be tested by using appropriate hydrodynamic conditions.Calibration tests using ejection and suction flows in the laminar regime (Reynolds number around 100) indicated a measurement accuracy of ±19μm and showed good agreement with computational fluid dynamics simulations. The device was commissioned in tests on Pseudomonas fluorescens biofilms formed on high density polyethylene (HDPE) and stainless steel (SS) cylinders of diameter 25mm under conditions of mild shear stress (around 2Pa in these tests). The biofilm thickness was not uniform to the eye and measurements made over the surface of the test cylinders confirmed this: layer thicknesses ranged from effectively 0–300μm. The biofilms formed on HDPE were thicker than those formed on SS
Nucleon–meson coupling constants and form factors in the quark model

AbstractWe demonstrate the calculation of the coupling constants and form factors required by effective hadron Lagrangians using the quark model. These relations follow from equating expressions for strong transition amplitudes in the two approaches. As examples we derive the NNm nucleon–meson coupling constants and form factors for m=π,η,η′,σ,a0,ω and ρ, using harmonic oscillator quark model meson and baryon wavefunctions and the 3P0 decay model; these results are relevant to quark-based descriptions of the NN force. This technique should be useful in the application of effective Lagrangians to processes in which the lack of data precludes the direct determination of coupling constants and form factors from experiment
A light sterile neutrino from Friedberg–Lee symmetry

AbstractLight sterile neutrinos of mass about an eV with mixing U˜ls of a few percent to active neutrinos may solve some anomalies shown in experimental data related to neutrino oscillation. How to have light sterile neutrinos is one of the theoretical problems which have attracted a lot of attentions. In this article we show that such an eV scale light sterile neutrino candidate can be obtained in a seesaw model in which the right-handed neutrinos satisfy a softly-broken Friedberg–Lee (FL) symmetry. In this model a right-handed neutrino is guaranteed by the FL symmetry to be light comparing with other two heavy right-handed neutrinos. It can be of eV scale when the FL symmetry is softly broken and can play the role of eV scale sterile neutrino needed for explaining the anomalies of experimental data. This model predicts that one of the active neutrino is massless. We find that this model prefers inverted hierarchy mass pattern of active neutrinos than normal hierarchy. An interesting consequence of this model is that realizing relatively large |U˜es| and relatively small |U˜μs| in this model naturally leads to a relatively small |U˜τs|. This interesting prediction can be tested in future atmospheric or solar neutrino experiments
Suicide rates and trends in São Paulo, Brazil, according to gender, age and demographic aspects: a joinpoint regression analysis

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate suicide rates and trends in São Paulo by sex, age-strata, and methods.MethodsData was collected from State registry from 1996 to 2009. Population was estimated using the National Census. We utilized joinpoint regression analysis to explore temporal trends. We also evaluated marital status, ethnicity, birthplace and methods for suicide.ResultsIn the period analyzed, 6,002 suicides were accrued with a rate of 4.6 per 100,000 (7.5 in men and 2.0 in women); the male-to-female ratio was around 3.7. Trends for men presented a significant decline of 5.3% per year from 1996 to 2002, and a significant increase of 2.5% from 2002 onwards. Women did not present significant changes. For men, the elderly (> 65 years) had a significant reduction of 2.3% per year, while younger men (25-44 years) presented a significant increase of 8.6% from 2004 onwards. Women did not present significant trend changes according to age. Leading suicide methods were hanging and poisoning for men and women, respectively. Other analyses showed an increased suicide risk ratio for singles and foreigners.ConclusionsSpecific epidemiological trends for suicide in the city of São Paulo that warrant further investigation were identified. High-risk groups - such as immigrants - could benefit from targeted strategies of suicide prevention
The supersymmetric Higgs boson with flavoured A-terms

AbstractWe consider a supersymmetric scenario with large flavour violating A-terms in the stop/scharm sector and study their impact on the Higgs mass, the electroweak ρ parameter and the effective Higgs couplings to gluons, photons and charm quarks. For each observable we present explicit analytical expressions which exhibit the relevant parametric dependences, both in the general case and in specific limits. We find significant effects and comment on phenomenological implications for the LHC and future colliders
ARC : An open-source library for calculating properties of alkali Rydberg atoms

We present an object-oriented Python library for computation of properties of highly-excited Rydberg states of alkali atoms. These include single-body effects such as dipole matrix elements, excited-state lifetimes (radiative and black-body limited) and Stark maps of atoms in external electric fields, as well as two-atom interaction potentials accounting for dipole and quadrupole coupling effects valid at both long and short range for arbitrary alignment of the atomic dipoles. The package is cross-referenced to precise measurements of atomic energy levels and features extensive documentation to facilitate rapid upgrade or expansion by users. This library has direct application in the field of quantum information and quantum optics which exploit the strong Rydberg dipolar interactions for two-qubit gates, robust atom-light interfaces and simulating quantum many-body physics, as well as the field of metrology using Rydberg atoms as precise microwave electrometers
Studies of $Z\gamma$ production in association with a high-mass dijet
  system in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production of a $Z$ boson and a photon in association with a high-mass
dijet system is studied using 20.2fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data at
a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector
in 2012 at the Large Hadron Collider. Final states with a photon and a Z boson
decaying into a pair of either electrons, muons, or neutrinos are analysed.
Electroweak and total $pp \to Z\gamma j j$ cross-sections are extracted in two
fiducial regions with different sensitivities to electroweak production
processes. Quartic couplings of vector bosons are studied in regions of phase
space with an enhanced contribution from pure electroweak production, sensitive
to vector-boson scattering processes $VV \to Z\gamma$. No deviations from
Standard Model predictions are observed and constraints are placed on anomalous
couplings parameterized by higher-dimensional operators using effective field
theory.Comment: 32 pages plus author list + cover pages (50 pages total), 9 figures,
  9 tables, submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figure s are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2015-21