pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Planck intermediate results. XXVII. High-redshift infrared galaxy
  overdensity candidates and lensed sources discovered by Planck and confirmed
  by Herschel-SPIRE

[Abridged] We use the Planck all-sky submm and mm maps to search for rare
sources distinguished by extreme brightness, a few hundreds of mJy, and their
potential for being situated at high redshift. These "cold" Planck sources,
selected using the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) directly from the maps and
from the Planck Catalogue of Compact Sources (PCCS), all satisfy the criterion
of having their rest-frame far-infrared peak redshifted to the frequency range
353 and 857 GHz. This colour-selection favours galaxies in the redshift range
z=2-4, which we consider as cold peaks in the cosmic infrared background (CIB).
We perform a dedicated Herschel-SPIRE follow-up of 234 such Planck targets,
finding a significant excess of red 350 and 500um sources, in comparison to
reference SPIRE fields. About 94% of the SPIRE sources in the Planck fields are
consistent with being overdensities of galaxies peaking at 350um. About 3% are
candidate lensed systems, all 12 of which have secure spectroscopic
confirmations, placing them at redshifts z>2.2. The galaxy overdensities are
detected with high significance, half of the sample showing statistical
significance above 10sigma. The SPIRE photometric redshifts of galaxies in
overdensities suggest a peak at z~2. Under the Td=35K assumption, we derive an
infrared (IR) luminosity for each SPIRE source of about 4x10^12 Lsun, yielding
star formation rates of typically 700 Msun.yr^-1. If the observed overdensities
are actual gravitationally-bound structures, the total total star formation
rates reaches 7x10^3 Msun.yr^-1. Taken together, these sources show the
signatures of high-z (z>$) protoclusters of intensively star-forming galaxies.
All these observations confirm the uniqueness of our sample and demonstrate the
ability of the all-sky Planck-HFI cold sources to select populations of
cosmological and astrophysical interest for structure formation studies.Comment: Updated author list, in press and available at A&A
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424790 ; Full-res paper (3.6Mb) at A&A
  http://www.aanda.org/2015-press-releases/1095 ; Check also web story at ESA
  http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Herschel_and_Planck_find_missing_clue_to_galaxy_cluster_formation
  and NASA
  http://www.nasa.gov/jpl/herschel/planck/a-gold-mine-of-galaxy-nuggets
Born-Infeld electrodynamics in very special relativity

In this work we discuss the properties of a modified Born-Infeld
electrodynamics in the framework of very special relativity (VSR). This
proposal allows us to study VSR mass effects in a gauge-invariant context of
nonlinear electrodynamics. It is analyzed in detail the electrostatic solutions
for two different cases, as well as the VSR dispersion relations are found to
be of a \emph{massive} particle with nonlinear modifications. Afterwards, the
field energy and static potential are computed, in the latter we find from the
VSR contribution a novel long-range $1/L^3$ correction to the Coulomb
potential, in contrast to the $1/L^5$ correction of the usual Born-Infeld
theory.Comment: 14 pages; to appear in PL
Non-hydrogenic excitons in perovskite CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$

The excitons in the orthorhombic phase of the perovskite CH$_3$NH$_3$PbI$_3$
are studied using the effective mass approximation. The electron-hole
interaction is screened by a distance-dependent dielectric function, as
described by the Haken potential or the Pollmann-B\"uttner potential. The
energy spectrum and the eigenfunctions are calculated for both cases. The
effective masses, the low and high frequency dielectric constants, and the
interband absorption matrix elements, are obtained from generalized density
functional theory calculations. The results show that the Pollmann-B\"uttner
model provides better agreement with the experimental results. The discrete
part of the exciton spectrum is composed of a fundamental state with a binding
energy of 24 meV, and higher states that are within 2 meV from the onset the
unbound exciton continuum. Light absorption is dominated by the fundamental
line with an oscillator strength of 0.013, followed by the exciton continuum.
The calculations have been performed without fitting any parameter from
experiments and are in close agreement with recent experimental results.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
Measurement of the charge asymmetry in dileptonic decays of top quark pairs in pp collisions at â\u88\u9as = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Â© 2015, The Author(s).A measurement of the top-antitop (ttÂ¯) charge asymmetry is presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb<sup>â\u88\u921</sup> of LHC pp collisions at a centreof-mass energy of 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector. Events with two charged leptons, at least two jets and large missing transverse momentum are selected. Two observables are studied: A<inf>C</inf> <sup>â\u84\u93â\u84\u93</sup> based on the identified charged leptons, and (Formula Presented.), based on the reconstructed tt final state. The asymmetries are measured to be (Formula Presented.). The measured values are in agreement with the Standard Model predictions.[Figure not available: see fulltext.
Search for supersymmetry in the vector-boson fusion topology in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV

The first search for supersymmetry in the vector-boson fusion topology is presented. The search targets final states with at least two leptons, large missing transverse momentum, and two jets with a large separation in rapidity. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 $fb^{−1}$ of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The observed dijet invariant mass spectrum is found to be consistent with the expected standard model prediction. Upper limits are set on the cross sections for chargino and neutralino production with two associated jets, assuming the supersymmetric partner of the τ lepton to be the lightest slepton and the lightest slepton to be lighter than the charginos. For a so-called compressed-mass-spectrum scenario in which the mass difference between the lightest supersymmetric particle ${\tilde{\chi}}_1^0$ and the next lightest, mass-degenerate, gaugino particles ${\tilde{\chi}}_2^0$ and ${\tilde{\chi}}_1^{\pm }$ is 50 GeV, a mass lower limit of 170 GeV is set for these latter two particles
Convergence of modified approximants associated with orthogonal rational functions

Let {a_n} be a sequence in the unit disk D={z in C: |z| < 1} consisting of a finite number of points cyclically repeated, and let L be the linear space generated by the functions Bn(z)= ∏_{k=1..n} -a_k(z-a_k)/ |a_k |(1- ã_k z). Let {φ_n(z)} be orthogonal rational functions obtained from the sequence {B_n(z)} (orthogonalization with respect to a given functional on L), and let {ψ_n(z)} be the corresponding functions of the second kind (with superstar transforms φ_n^* (z) and ψ_n^*(z), respectively). Interpolation and convergence properties of the modified approximants R_n(z,u_n,v_n) = (u_nψ_n(z)-v_n ψ_n^*(z))/(u_n φ_n(z) +v_nφ_n^*(z)) that satisfy |u_n| = |v_n| are discussed.status: publishe
A large acceptance scintillator detector with wavelength shifting fibre readout for search of eta-nucleus bound states

A large acceptance scintillator detector with wavelength shifting optical fibre readout has been designed and built to detect the decay particles of eta-nucleus bound system (the so-called eta-mesic nuclei), namely, protons and pions. The detector, named as ENSTAR detector, consists of 122 pieces of plastic scintillator of various shapes and sizes, which are arranged in a cylindrical geometry to provide particle identification, energy loss and coarse position information for these particles. A solid angle coverage of similar to 95% of total 4 pi is obtained in the present design of the detector. Monte Carlo phase space calculations performed to simulate the formation and decay of eta-mesic nuclei suggest that its decay particles, the protons and pions are emitted with an opening angle of 150 +/- 20 degrees, and with energies in the range of 25-300 and 225-450 MeV, respectively. The detailed GEANT simulations show that similar to 80% of the decay particles (protons and pions) can be detected within ENSTAR. Several test measurements using alpha source, cosmic-ray muons, etc. have been carried out to study the response of ENSTAR scintillator pieces. The in-beam tests of fully assembled detector with proton beam of momentum 870 MeV/c from the Cooler synchrotron COSY have been performed. The test results show that the scintillator fibre design chosen for the detector
Higgs ξ -inflation for the 125-126 GeV Higgs: a two-loop analysis

A non-minimal coupling ξ of the Standard Model Higgs field to gravity can give rise to inflation, but large ξ is required and thus leads to a violation of perturbative unitarity at M Pl / ξ , which is well below the inflationary scale $ {{{{M_{\mathrm{Pl}}}}} \left/ {{\sqrt{\xi }}} \right.} $ . We re-examine this claim for a Higgs mass in the range 125-126 GeV for which λ eff ( μ ) runs to very small values near the Planck scale and can significantly reduce the value of ξ required for inflation. Using the two-loop renormalization group equations and effective potential for Higgs ξ -inflation, we find that familiar inflationary solutions can have a non-minimal coupling as small as ξ  ~ 400 without the potential developing a second minimum. We also find a new observationally allowed region of Higgs ξ -inflation with ξ  ~ 90 and distinct inflationary predictions, including an observable level of the tensor-to-scalar ratio r
Cardy formulae for SUSY theories in d = 4 and d = 6

We consider supersymmetric theories on a space with compact space-like slices. One can count BPS representations weighted by (−1) F , or, equivalently, study supersymmetric partition functions by compactifying the time direction. A special case of this general construction corresponds to the counting of short representations of the superconformal group. We show that in four-dimensional N = 1 $$ \mathcal{N}=1 $$ theories the “high temperature” asymptotics of such counting problems is fixed by the anomalies of the theory. Notably, the combination a − c of the trace anomalies plays a crucial role. We also propose similar formulae for six-dimensional (1 , 0) theories
Compactifications of the Klebanov-Witten CFT and new AdS 3 backgrounds

In this paper we find various new backgrounds in Type IIB, IIA and M-theory with an AdS 3 -factor. The solutions are smooth and preserve small amounts of SUSY. These new backgrounds are found by application of non-Abelian T-duality (sometimes combined with T-duality) on the supergravity solution dual to the Klebanov-Witten CFT compactified to two dimensions. The field theory aspects encoded by these backgrounds are studied. We give a detailed account of conserved charges, central charges, entanglement entropy and Wilson loops. Further, we present a possible field theory interpretation for our backgrounds
The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: Population\ud
scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100

This paper applies the methods of multi-dimensional mathematical demography to project national\ud
populations based on alternative assumptions on future, fertility, mortality, migration and educational\ud
transitions that correspond to the five shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) storylines. In doing so it\ud
goes a significant step beyond past population scenarios in the IPCC context which considered only total\ud
population size. By differentiating the human population not only by age and sex - as is conventionally\ud
done in demographic projections - but also by different levels of educational attainment the most\ud
fundamental aspects of human development and social change are being explicitly addressed through\ud
modeling the changing composition of populations by these three important individual characteristics.\ud
The scenarios have been defined in a collaborative effort of the international Integrated Assessment\ud
Modeling community with themedium scenario following that of a major new effort by the Wittgenstein\ud
Centre for Demography and Global Human Capital (IIASA, OEAW, WU) involving over 550 experts from\ud
around the world. As a result, in terms of total world population size the trajectories resulting from the\ud
five SSPs stay very close to each other until around 2030 and by the middle of the century already a\ud
visible differentiation appears with the range between the highest (SSP3) and the lowest (SSP1)\ud
trajectories spanning 1.5 billion. The range opens up much more with the SSP3 reaching 12.6 billion in\ud
2100 and SSP1 falling to 6.9 billion which is lower than today's world population
MNC Organizational Form and Subsidiary Motivation Problems: Controlling Intervention Hazards in the Network MNC

The MNC literature treats the (parent) HQ as entirely benevolent with respect to their perceived and actual intentions when they intervene at lower levels of the MNC. However, HQ may intervene in subsidiaries in ways that demotivate subsidiary employees and managers (and therefore harm value-creation). This may happen even if such intervention is benevolent in its intentions. We argue that the movement away from more traditional hierarchical forms of the MNC and towards network MNCs placed in more dynamic environments gives rise to more occasions for potentially harmful intervention by HQ. Network MNCs should therefore be particularly careful to anticipate and take precautions against "intervention hazards". Following earlier research, we point to the role of normative integration and procedural justice, but argue that they also serve to control harmful HQ intervention (and not just subsidiary opportunism). (authors' abstract
Capture probability in the 3:1 mean motion resonance\ud
with Jupiter: an application to the Vesta family

We study the capture and crossing probabilities in the 3:1 mean motion resonance\ud
with Jupiter for a small asteroid that migrates from the inner to the middle Main Belt under\ud
the action of the Yarkovsky effect. We use an algebraic mapping of the averaged planar\ud
restricted three-body problem based on the symplectic mapping of Hadjidemetriou (Celest\ud
Mech Dyn Astron 56:563–599, 1993), adding the secular variations of the orbit of Jupiter and\ud
non-symplectic terms to simulate the migration. We found that, for fast migration rates, the\ud
captures occur at discrete windows of initial eccentricities whose specific locations depend\ud
on the initial resonant angles, indicating that the capture phenomenon is not probabilistic.\ud
For slow migration rates, these windows become narrower and start to accumulate at low\ud
eccentricities, generating a region of mutual overlap where the capture probability tends to\ud
100%, in agreement with the theoretical predictions for the adiabatic regime.Our simulations\ud
allow us to predict the capture probabilities in both the adiabatic and non-adiabatic cases,\ud
in good agreement with results of Gomes (Celest Mech Dyn Astron 61:97–113, 1995) and\ud
Quillen (Mon Not RAS 365:1367–1382, 2006).We apply our model to the case of the Vesta\ud
asteroid family in the same context as Roig et al. (Icarus 194:125–136, 2008), and found\ud
results indicating that the high capture probability of Vesta family members into the 3:1mean\ud
motion resonance is basically governed by the eccentricity of Jupiter and its secular variationsCNPqFAPERJCONICE
Exclusive processes in electron-ion collisions

The exclusive processes in electron-ion (eA) interactions are an important tool to investigate the QCD dynamics at high energies as they are in general driven by the gluon content of the target which is strongly subject to parton saturation effects. in this Letter we compute the cross sections for the exclusive vector meson production as well as the deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) relying on the color dipole approach and considering the numerical solution of the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation including running coupling corrections (rcBK). the production cross sections obtained with the rcBK solution and bCGC parametrization are very similar, the former being slightly larger. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ São Paulo, Inst Fis, BR-05315970 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Exatas & Terra, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Pelotas, Inst Fis & Matemat, BR-96010900 Pelotas, RS, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Catarina, Ctr Engn Mobilidade, BR-89219905 Joinville, SC, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Exatas & Terra, BR-09972270 Diadema, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc
Are multiple physical symptoms a poor prognostic factor or just a marker of depression severity?:Secondary analysis of the GenPod trial

BACKGROUND: Using data from the GenPod trial this study investigates: (i) if depressed individuals with multiple physical symptoms have a poorer response to antidepressants before and after adjustment for baseline Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II); and (ii) if reboxetine is more effective than citalopram in depression with multiple physical symptoms. METHODS: Linear regression models were used to estimate differences in mean BDI-II score at 6 and 12 weeks. RESULTS: Before adjusting for baseline BDI-II, the difference in mean BDI-II score between no and multiple physical symptoms was 4.5 (95% CI 1.87, 7.14) at 6 weeks, 4.51 (95% CI 1.60, 7.42) at 12 weeks. After adjustment for baseline BDI-II, there was no evidence of a difference in outcome according to physical symptoms with a difference in mean BDI-II of 2.17 (95% CI -0.39, 4.73) at 6 weeks and 2.43 (95% CI -0.46, 5.32) at 12 weeks. There was no evidence that reboxetine was more effective than citalopram in those with multiple physical symptoms at 6 (P=0.18) or 12 weeks (P=0.24). LIMITATIONS: Differential non-adherence between treatment arms has the potential to bias estimates of treatment efficacy. CONCLUSION: Multiple physical symptoms predict response to antidepressants, but not after adjustment for baseline depression severity. Physical symptoms could be a marker of severe depression rather than an independent prognostic factor and depression should be considered in patients with multiple physical symptoms. Treatment with reboxetine conferred no advantage over citalopram in those with physical symptoms, and it is less well tolerated
Modeling lightcurves for improved classification of astronomical objects

Many synoptic surveys are observing large parts of the sky multiple times. The resulting time series of light measurements, called lightcurves, provide a wonderful window to the dynamic nature of the Universe. However, there are many significant challenges in analyzing these lightcurves. We describe a modeling-based approach using Gaussian process regression for generating critical measures for the classification of such lightcurves. This method has key advantages over other popular nonparametric regression methods in its ability to deal with censoring, a mixture of sparsely and densely sampled curves, the presence of annual gaps caused by objects not being visible throughout the year from a given position on Earth and known but variable measurement errors. We demonstrate that our approach performs better by showing it has a higher correct classification rate than past methods popular in astronomy. Finally, we provide future directions for use in sky-surveys that are getting even bigger by the day
Probing the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies with H.E.S.S.

Context. Vela X is a region of extended radio emission in the western part of the Vela constellation: one of the nearest pulsar wind nebulae, and associated with the energetic Vela pulsar (PSR B0833-45). Extended very-high-energy (VHE) γ-ray emission (HESS J0835−455) was discovered using the H.E.S.S. experiment in 2004. The VHE γ-ray emission was found to be coincident with a region of X-ray emission discovered with ROSAT above 1.5 keV (the so-called Vela X cocoon): a filamentary structure extending southwest from the pulsar to the centre of Vela X.
Aims. A deeper observation of the entire Vela X nebula region, also including larger offsets from the cocoon, has been performed with H.E.S.S. This re-observation was carried out in order to probe the extent of the non-thermal emission from the Vela X region at TeV energies and to investigate its spectral properties.
Methods. To increase the sensitivity to the faint γ-ray emission from the very extended Vela X region, a multivariate analysis method combining three complementary reconstruction techniques of Cherenkov-shower images is applied for the selection of γ-ray events. The analysis is performed with the On/Off background method, which estimates the background from separate observations pointing away from Vela X; towards regions free of γ-ray sources but with comparable observation conditions.
Results. The γ-ray surface brightness over the large Vela X region reveals that the detection of non-thermal VHE γ-ray emission from the PWN HESS J0835−455 is statistically significant over a region of radius 1.2° around the position α = 08h35m00s, δ = −45°36′00′′ (J2000). The Vela X region exhibits almost uniform γ-ray spectra over its full extent: the differential energy spectrum can be described by a power-law function with a hard spectral index Γ = 1.32 ± 0.06stat ± 0.12sys and an exponential cutoff at an energy of (14.0 ± 1.6stat ± 2.6sys) TeV. Compared to the previous H.E.S.S. observations of Vela X the new analysis confirms the general spatial overlap of the bulk of the VHE γ-ray emission with the X-ray cocoon, while its extent and morphology appear more consistent with the (more extended) radio emission, contradicting the simple correspondence between VHE γ-ray and X-ray emissions. Morphological and spectral results challenge the interpretation of the origin of γ-ray emission in the GeV and TeV ranges in the framework of current models.http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201219919http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/pdf/2012/12/aa19919-12.pd
Irreplaceability of Neuronal Ensembles after Memory Allocation.

Lesion studies suggest that an alternative system can compensate for damage to the primary region employed when animals acquire a memory. However, it is unclear whether functional compensation occurs at the cellular ensemble level. Here, we inhibited the activities of a specific subset of neurons activated during initial learning by utilizing a transgenic mouse that expresses tetanus toxin (TeNT) under the control of the c-fos promoter. Notably, suppression interfered with relearning while sparing the ability to acquire and express fear memory for a distinct context. These results suggest that the activity of the initial ensemble is preferentially dedicated to the same learning and that it is not replaceable once it is allocated. Our results provide substantial insights into the machinery underlying how the brain allocates individual memories to discrete neuronal ensembles and how it ensures that repetitive learning strengthens memory by reactivating the same neuronal ensembles