pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Media sharing in situated displays : service design lessons from existing practices with paper leaflets

Serie : "Lecture notes in business information processing", ISSN 1865-1348, vol. 143Digital public displays have an enormous potential as a collaborative technology to socialize in public venues, especially when they are open to the participation of visitors. However, user-generated content is a form of control sharing that requires safeguards against the publication of content deemed inap-propriate. In this work, we study the perceptions of Café owners in regard to their acceptance of user-generated content displayed on their venue screens. Our goal is to inform the design of new media sharing services for public dis-plays by uncovering how existing practices with paper leaflets could be lever-aged as a conceptual framework for dealing with content appropriateness. Based on interviews with 10 café owners, we identify important insights into some of practices surrounding the distribution of paper leaflets and their impli-cations for the design of media sharing services for public displays
Privacy concerns and purchase of travel product online

The travel and tourism industry has come to rely heavily on information and communication technologies to facilitate relations with consumers. Compiling consumer data profiles has become easier and it is widely thought that consumers place great importance on how that data is handled by firms. Lack of trust may cause consumers to have privacy concerns and may, in turn, have an adverse impact on consumers’ willingness to purchase online. Three specific aspects of privacy that have received attention from researchers are unauthorized use of secondary data, invasion of privacy, and errors. A survey study was undertaken to examine the effects of these factors on both prior purchase of travel products via the Internet and future purchase probability. Surprisingly, no significant relationships were found to indicate that such privacy concerns affect online purchase behavior within the travel industry. Implications for managers are discussed
Hierarchical growing neural gas

???The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com???. Copyright Springer.This paper describes TreeGNG, a top-down unsupervised learning method that produces hierarchical classification schemes. TreeGNG is an extension to the Growing Neural Gas algorithm that maintains a time history of the learned topological mapping. TreeGNG is able to correct poor decisions made during the early phases of the construction of the tree, and provides the novel ability to influence the general shape and form of the learned hierarchy
Non-aqueous electrolyte solutions in chemistry and modern technology

In this paper a brief survey is given of the properties of non-aqueous electrolyte solutions and their applications in chemistry and technology without going into the details of theory. Specific solvent-solute interactions and the role of the solvent beyond its function as a homogenous isotropic medium are stressed. Taking into account Parker's statement1) ldquoScientists nowadays are under increasing pressure to consider the relevance of their research, and rightly sordquo we have included examples showing the increasing industrial interest in non-aqueous electrolyte solutions.\ud
The concepts and results are arranged in two parts. Part A concerns the fundamentals of thermodynamics, transport processes, spectroscopy and chemical kinetics of non-aqueous solutions and some applications in these fields. Part B describes their use in various technologies such as high-energy batteries, non-emissive electro-optic displays, photoelectrochemical cells, electrodeposition, electrolytic capacitors, electro-organic synthesis, metallurgic processes and others.\ud
Four Appendices are added. Appendix A gives a survey on the most important non-aqueous solvents, their physical properties and correlation parameters, and the commonly used abbreviations. Appendices B and C show the mathematical background of the general chemical model. The Symbols and abbreviations of the text are listed and explained in Appendix D
Raman spectroscopy with ultrashort coherent excitation. Narrowing of spectral lines beyond the dephasing linewidth

Spectroscopists are constantly faced with the task of improved spectral resolution. Two points are of major interest: (i) The precise frequency of the quantized transition and (ii) the detection of new neighboring transitions. Besides experimental factors the ultimate spectral resolution is determined by the inherent linewidth of the transition. Optical spectroscopists have to deal with different line-broadening processes; for instance with the Doppler effect or with collision broadening in gases, with dephasing processes in condensed systems and with the population relaxation which results in the natural linewidth. In recent years, different novel techniques have been devised which provide spectral resolution beyond the transition linewidth. For instance, Doppler broadening can be eliminated by saturation spectroscopy or by two counter-propagating beams for two-photon transitions/I/. Even measurements beyond the natural linewidth have been performed taking biased signals from the fluorescent decay /2-5/. Techniques have been proposed where the difference between the decay rates of the two states rather than their sum determines the linewidth /6,7/, and narrowing of the natural linewidth by decaying-pulse excitation has been discussed /8/. Very recently, we have demonstrated substantial line narrowing of Raman type transitions in condensed phases /9-11/. The lines were broadened by vibrational dephasing. New information was obtained in congestedspectral regions.
Gauge Theories and Fibre Bundles - Applications to Particle Dynamics

The underlying mathematical structures of gauge theories are known to be
geometrical in nature and the local and global features of this geometry have
been studied for a long time in mathematics under the name of fibre bundles. It
is now understood that the global properties of gauge theories can have a
profound influence on physics. For example, instantons and monopoles are both
consequences of properties of geometry in the large, and the former can lead
to, e.g., CP-violation, while the latter can lead to such remarkable results as
the creation of fermions out of bosons. Some familiarity with global
differential geometry and fibre bundles seems therefore very desirable to a
physicist who works with gauge theories. One of the purposes of the present
work is to introduce the physicist to these disciplines using simple examples.Comment: This is an updated version of "Gauge Symmetries and Fibre Bundles -
  Applications to Particle Dynamics" first published in Springer "Lecture Notes
  in Physics", 188 (1983) For a related, and a more recent account, see
  Reference 1. Minor correction
Radiation Hydrodynamics in Solar Flares

Solar flares are currently understood as the explosive release of energy
stored in the form of stressed magnetic fields. In many cases, the released
energy seems to take the form of large numbers of electrons accelerated to high
energies or alternatively plasma heated to very high temperatures. The
transport of this energy into the remaining portion of the atmosphere results
in violent mass motion and strong emission across the electromagnetic spectrum.
One important phenomenon observed during flares is the appearance in coronal
magnetic loops of large amounts of upflowing, soft X-ray emitting plasma. It is
believed that this is due to chromospheric evaporation, the process of heating
cool chromospheric material beyond its ability to radiate. The pressure
increase in the evaporated plasma leads to a number of interesting phenomena in
the flare chromosphere. The sudden pressure increase initiates a downward
moving "chromospheric condensation", an overdense region which gradually
decelerates as it accretes material and propagates into the gravitationally
stratified chromosphere. Solutions to an equation of motion for this
condensation shows that its motion decays after about one minute of propagation
into the chromosphere. When the front of this downflowing region is supersonic
relative to the atmosphere ahead of it, a radiating shock will form. If the
downflow is rapid enough, the shock strength should be sufficient to excite UV
radiation normally associated with the transition region, and furthermore, the
radiating shock will be brighter than the transition region. These results lead
to a number of observationally testable relationships between the optical and
ultraviolet spectra from the condensation and radiating shock.Comment: 32 pages, 6 figures; Radiation Hydrodynamics in Stars and Compact
  Objects, Ed. Dimitri Mihalas and Karl-Heinz A. Winkler. Springer-Verlag
  Publisher\c{s
Survey of correlation properties of polyatomic molecules vibrational energy levels using FT analysis

International audienceIn the last few years molecular spectroscopists have begun to study the highly excited vibrational levels of polyatomic molecules. In this high energy regime vibrational quantum numbers can no longer be intrinsically assigned (in contrast to vibrational levels at low energy). One can only characterize these levels by their correlation properties. The authors consider: short range correlations which are characterized by the next neighbor distribution, (NND). These correlations range from a Poisson (random or uncorrelated spectra) to a Wigner distribution (which shows 'level repulsion'); (ii) long range correlations are characterized by the$\mathrm{\Sigma ^{2}}$(L) and$\mathrm{\Delta _{3}}$(L) function. They describe the behavior which ranges from an uncorrelated spectra (Poisson statistic) to a spectra with 'spectral rigidity'
Motion of minimal configurations of a modular robot: sinusoidal, lateral rolling and lateral shift

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26415-9_80Complex modular robots can be constructed by means of simple modules. There is no geometric superior size to the total number of modules that can be added. The number of possible configurations growth exponentially. However, an inferior limit exists: the minimum number of modules needed to achieve the locomotion. In this paper, three minimal configurations has been developed using only two and three one-degree-of-freedom modules. The simplest one is pitch-pitch (PP) configuration, composed of two modules, which can move in a straight line, forward or backward, at different speeds. The second one is the pitch-yaw-pitch (PYP), with one more module that moves in the yaw axis. In this case, three new kinds of motion can be achieved: 2D sinusoidal motion, lateral shift and lateral rolling. All these gaits are controlled by sinusoidal waves using different amplitudes and phases. Finally, the third configuration is a three-modules star, that can be moved in three directions as well as rotated parallel to the ground
Geometric Cluster Algorithm for Interacting Fluids

We discuss a new Monte Carlo algorithm for the simulation of complex fluids.
This algorithm employs geometric operations to identify clusters of particles
that can be moved in a rejection-free way. It is demonstrated that this
geometric cluster algorithm (GCA) constitutes the continuum generalization of
the Swendsen-Wang and Wolff cluster algorithms for spin systems. Because of its
nonlocal nature, it is particularly well suited for the simulation of fluid
systems containing particles of widely varying sizes. The efficiency
improvement with respect to conventional simulation algorithms is a rapidly
growing function of the size asymmetry between the constituents of the system.
We study the cluster-size distribution for a Lennard-Jones fluid as a function
of density and temperature and provide a comparison between the generalized GCA
and the hard-core GCA for a size-asymmetric mixture with Yukawa-type couplings.Comment: To appear in "Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed-Matter Physics
  XVII". Edited by D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis and H.B. Schuettler. Springer,
  Heidelberg, 200
What is Probability?

Probabilities may be subjective or objective; we are concerned with both
kinds of probability, and the relationship between them. The fundamental theory
of objective probability is quantum mechanics: it is argued that neither Bohr's
Copenhagen interpretation, nor the pilot-wave theory, nor stochastic
state-reduction theories, give a satisfactory answer to the question of what
objective probabilities are in quantum mechanics, or why they should satisfy
the Born rule; nor do they give any reason why subjective probabilities should
track objective ones.
  But it is shown that if probability only arises with decoherence, then they
must be given by the Born rule. That further, on the Everett interpretation, we
have a clear statement of what probabilities are, in terms of purely
categorical physical properties; and finally, along lines recently laid out by
Deutsch and Wallace, that there is a clear basis in the axioms of decision
theory as to why subjective probabilities should track these objective ones.
  These results hinge critically on the absence of hidden-variables or any
other mechanism (such as state-reduction) from the physical interpretation of
the theory.
  The account of probability has traditionally been considered the principal
weakness of the Everett interpretation; on the contrary it emerges as one of
its principal strengths.Comment: 28 page
Quantum Theory Looks at Time Travel

We introduce a quantum mechanical model of time travel which includes two
figurative beam splitters in order to induce feedback to earlier times. This
leads to a unique solution to the paradox where one could kill one's
grandfather in that once the future has unfolded, it cannot change the past,
and so the past becomes deterministic. On the other hand, looking forwards
towards the future is completely probabilistic. This resolves the classical
paradox in a philosophically satisfying manner.Comment: This paper contains minor changes to our paper published as Chapter 4
  of Quo Vadis Quantum Mechanics?, ed. by A. Elitzur, S. Dolev and N. Kolenda,
  Springer Verlag, Berlin (2005). It is an expanded version of D.M. Greenberger
  and K. Svozil, in: Between Chance and Choice, ed. by H. Atmanspacher and R.
  Bishop, Imprint Academic, Thorverton England (2002), pp. 293-308. Two
  references adde
Charge and Isospin Fluctuations in High Energy pp-Collisions

Charge and isospin event-by-event fluctuations in high-energy pp-collisions
are predicted within the Unitary Eikonal Model, in particular the fluctuation
patterns of the ratios of charged-to-charged and neutral-to-charged pions.
These fluctuations are found to be sensitive to the presence of unstable
resonances, such as $\rho $ and $\omega $ mesons. We predict that the
charge-fluctuation observable $D_{UEM}$ should be restricted to the interval
$8/3\le D_{UEM}\le 4$ depending on the $\rho /\pi $ production ratio. Also, the
isospin fluctuations of the DCC-type of the ratio of neutral-to-charged pions
are suppressed if pions are produced together with $\rho $ mesons.Comment: Latex, 5 pages, no figures. To appear in the proceedings of 9th
  Adriatic Meeting, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 4 - 14 September 2003. Added reference
  into reference no.
Finite Unified Theories and the Higgs mass prediction

Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are N=1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories,
which can be made all-loop finite, both in the dimensionless (gauge and Yukawa
couplings) and dimensionful (soft supersymmetry breaking terms) sectors. This
remarkable property provides a drastic reduction in the number of free
parameters, which in turn leads to an accurate prediction of the top quark mass
in the dimensionless sector, and predictions for the Higgs boson mass and the
supersymmetric spectrum in the dimensionful sector. Here we examine the
predictions of two FUTs taking into account a number of theoretical and
experimental constraints. For the first one we present the results of a
detailed scanning concerning the Higgs mass prediction, while for the second we
present a representative prediction of its spectrum.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figure
Non-Commutative GUTs, Standard Model and C,P,T properties from
  Seiberg-Witten map

Noncommutative generalizations of Yang-Mills theories using Seiberg-Witten
map are in general not unique. We study these ambiguities and see that SO(10)
GUT, at first order in the noncommutativity parameter \theta, is unique and
therefore is a truly unified theory, while SU(5) is not. We then present the
noncommutative Standard Model compatible with SO(10) GUT. We next study the
reality, hermiticity and C,P,T properties of the Seiberg-Witten map and of
these noncommutative actions at all orders in \theta. This allows to compare
the Standard Model discussed in [5] with the present GUT inspired one.Comment: 9 pages. Presented at the Balkan Workshop 2003, Vrnjacka Banja,
  29.8-2.9.2003 and at the 9th Adriatic Meeting, Dubrovnik, 4-14.9.200
Lepton flavor violation in the SUSY seesaw model: an update

We present an update of previous work on charged lepton flavor violation
(LFV) in the seesaw model. The most recent neutrino data fits and post WMAP
mSUGRA benchmark scenarios are used as input. In this framework we compare the
sensitivity of rare radiative decays on the right-handed Majorana mass scale
M_R with the reach in slepton-pair production at a future linear collider.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, talk presented by R. Ruckl at the 9th Adriatic
  Meeting: Particle Physics and the Universe, Dubrovnik, Croatia; references
  adde
Waiting for Clear Signals of New Physics in B and K Decays

We classify the extensions of the Standard Model (SM) according to the
structure of local operators in the weak effective Hamiltonian and the presence
or absence of new flavour and CP-violating interactions beyond those
represented by the CKM matrix. In particular we review characteristic
properties of models with minimal flavour violation (MFV), models with
significant contributions from Higgs penguins and models with enhanced Z^0
penguins carrying a large new CP-violating phase. Within the latter models, the
anomalous behaviour of certain B\to\pi K observables implies large departures
from the SM predictions for rare and CP-violating K and B decays. Most
spectacular is the enhancement of Br(K_L->pi^0 nu nubar) by one order of
magnitude and a strong violation of the MFV relation
(\sin2\beta)_{\pi\nu\bar\nu}=(\sin2\beta)_{\psi K_S}. On the other hand our
prediction for (\sin2\beta)_{\phi K_S}\approx 0.9 differs from the Belle result
by the sign but is consistent with the BaBar value. We give a personal shopping
list for the coming years.Comment: Main latex-file, 4 figures, 22 page
New Source of CP violation in B physics ?

In this talk we discuss how the down type left-right squark mixing in
Supersymmetry can induce a new source of CP violation in the time dependent
asymmtries in B --> phi K process. We use QCD improved factorization process to
calculate the hadronic matrix element for the process and find the allowed
parameter space for $\rho $ and $\phi $, the magnitude and phase of the down
type LR(RL) squark mixing parameter $\delta^{bs}_{LR(RL)}$. In the same allowed
regin we calculate the expected CP asymmtries in the $B \to \phi K^{*}$
process.Comment: 16 pages, Latex, 2 postscript figures, invited talk presented by N.G.
  Deshpande at the 9th Adriatic meeting, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 4-14 September,
  2003. With updated reference
Towards a NNLO calculation in hadronic heavy hadron production

We calculate the Laurent series expansion up to ${\cal O}(\epsilon^2)$ for
all scalar one-loop one-, two-, three- and four-point integrals that are needed
in the calculation of hadronic heavy flavour production. The Laurent series up
to ${\cal O}(\epsilon^2)$ is needed as input to that part of the NNLO
corrections to heavy hadron production at hadron colliders where the one-loop
integrals appear in the loop-by-loop contributions. The four-point integrals
are the most complicated. The ${\cal O}(\epsilon^2)$ expansion of the
four-point integrals contains polylogarithms up to $ Li_4$ and the multiple
polylogarithms.Comment: 5 pages, 2 Postscript figure
Quantum Gravity Phenomenology and Lorentz Violation

If quantum gravity violates Lorentz symmetry, the prospects for observational
guidance in understanding quantum gravity improve considerably. This article
briefly reviews previous work on Lorentz violation (LV) and discusses aspects
of the effective field theory framework for parametrizing LV effects. Current
observational constraints on LV are then summarized, focusing on effects in QED
at order E/M_Planck.Comment: 16 pages, Expanded version of a lecture by T. Jacobson, to be
  published in Particle Physics and the Universe, Proceedings of the 9th
  Adriatic Meeting, eds. J.Trampetic and J.Wess (Springer-Verlag, 2004
The impact of the new CHAMP and GRACE Earth gravity models on the
  measurement of the general relativistic Lense--Thirring effect with the
  LAGEOS and LAGEOS II satellites

Among the effects predicted by the General Theory of Relativity for the
orbital motion of a test particle, the post-Newtonian gravitomagnetic
Lense-Thirring effect is very interesting and, up to now, there is not yet an
undisputable experimental direct test of it. To date, the data analysis of the
orbits of the existing geodetic LAGEOS and LAGEOS II satellites has yielded a
test of the Lense-Thirring effect with a claimed accuracy of 20%-30%. According
to some scientists such estimates could be optimistic. Here we wish to discuss
the improvements obtainable in this measurement, in terms of reliability of the
evaluation of the systematic error and reduction of its magnitude, due to the
new CHAMP and GRACE Earth gravity models.Comment: LaTex2e, 6 pages, no figures, no tables. Paper presented at 2nd CHAMP
  science meeting, Potsdam, 1-4 September 200
Lasers Cleaning of Patrimonial Plasters

International audienceThe use of the lasers Q-switched Nd:YAG to remove the dust of the stone monuments especially sculpture gradually replaces the more abrasive technique of sandblasting. This tendency made us consider the lasers as solution for the cleaning of ceramics and the plasters. Indeed in museums, these materials are often covered with dirty mark (dust, grease, etc.) which is difficult to remove without damaging the object. This paper deals with the impact of different types of lasers (Nd:YAG first and third harmonic) irradiation on plaster and with the effects on its morphology and its crystallography. Plaster is an interesting material because of its typical acicular crystals altered at low temperature. That is why synthesis samples were prepared, constrained in temperature then analysed by various processes (SEM, XRD, TGA. . . ). These results were compared with samples cleaned by laser. That enabled us to conclude that plasters cleaned by UV-laser (third harmonic of the Nd:YAG) underwent neither yellowing, nor morphological or crystallographic changes. It has to be opposed to the intense yellowing, and sometimes morphological destruction, which appears with an infrared wavelength (first harmonic of the Nd:YAG)