pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Entanglement with Centers

Entanglement is a physical phenomenon that each state cannot be described
individually. Entanglement entropy gives quantitative understanding to the
entanglement. We use decomposition of the Hilbert space to discuss properties
of the entanglement. Therefore, partial trace operator becomes important to
define the reduced density matrix from different centers, which commutes with
all elements in the Hilbert space, corresponding to different entanglement
choices or different observations on entangling surface. Entanglement entropy
is expected to satisfy the strong subadditivity. We discuss decomposition of
the Hilbert space for the strong subadditivity and other related inequalities.
The entanglement entropy with centers can be computed from the Hamitonian
formulations systematically, provided that we know wavefunctional. In the
Hamitonian formulation, it is easier to obtain symmetry structure. We consider
massless $p$-form theory as an example. The massless $p$-form theory in
($2p+2)$-dimensions has global symmetry, similar to the electric-magnetic
duality, connecting centers in ground state. This defines a duality structure
in centers. Because it is hard to exactly compute the entanglement entropy from
partial trace operator, we propose the Lagrangian formulation from the
Hamitonian formulation to compute the entanglement entropy with centers. From
the Lagrangian method and saddle point approximation, the codimension two
surface term (leading order) in the Einstein gravity theory or holographic
entanglement entropy should correspond to non-tensor product decomposition
(center is not identity). Finally, we compute the entanglement entropy of the
$SU(N)$ Yang-Mills lattice gauge theory in the fundamental representation using
the strong coupling expansion in the extended lattice model to obtain spatial
area term in total dimensions larger than two for $N>1$.Comment: 49 pages, minor changes, references adde
Strong tW Scattering at the LHC

Deviations of the top electroweak couplings from their Standard Model values
imply that certain amplitudes for the scattering of third generation fermions
and longitudinally polarized vector bosons or Higgses diverge quadratically
with momenta. This high-energy growth is a genuine signal of models where the
top quark is strongly coupled to the sector responsible for electroweak
symmetry breaking. We propose to profit from the high energies accessible at
the LHC to enhance the sensitivity to non-standard top-$Z$ couplings, which are
currently very weakly constrained. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the
approach, we perform a detailed analysis of $tW \to tW$ scattering, which can
be probed at the LHC via $pp\to t\bar{t}Wj$. By recasting a CMS analysis at 8
TeV, we derive the strongest direct bounds to date on the $Ztt$ couplings. We
also design a dedicated search at 13 TeV that exploits the distinctive features
of the $t\bar{t}Wj$ signal. Finally, we present other scattering processes in
the same class that could provide further tests of the top-Higgs sector.Comment: 37 pages, 10 figures; v2: minor improvements in the discussion,
  references added. Matches version published in JHE
Helicity Evolution at Small-x

We construct small-x evolution equations which can be used to calculate quark
and anti-quark helicity TMDs and PDFs, along with the $g_1$ structure function.
These evolution equations resum powers of $\alpha_s \, \ln^2 (1/x)$ in the
polarization-dependent evolution along with the powers of $\alpha_s \, \ln
(1/x)$ in the unpolarized evolution which includes saturation effects. The
equations are written in an operator form in terms of polarization-dependent
Wilson line-like operators. While the equations do not close in general, they
become closed and self-contained systems of non-linear equations in the
large-$N_c$ and large-$N_c \, \& \, N_f$ limits. As a cross-check, in the
ladder approximation, our equations map onto the same ladder limit of the
infrared evolution equations for $g_1$ structure function derived previously by
Bartels, Ermolaev and Ryskin.Comment: 33 pages, 20 figures; v2: typos corrected, a reference added; v3:
  more corrections include
Higher Spin Conformal Geometry in Three Dimensions and Prepotentials for
  Higher Spin Gauge Fields

We study systematically the conformal geometry of higher spin bosonic gauge
fields in three spacetime dimensions. We recall the definition of the Cotton
tensor for higher spins and establish a number of its properties that turn out
to be key in solving in terms of prepotentials the constraint equations of the
Hamiltonian (3 + 1) formulation of four-dimensional higher spin gauge fields.
The prepotentials are shown to exhibit higher spin conformal symmetry. Just as
for spins 1 and 2, they provide a remarkably simple, manifestly duality
invariant formulation of the theory. While the higher spin conformal geometry
is developed for arbitrary bosonic spin, we explicitly perform the Hamiltonian
analysis and derive the solution of the constraints only in the illustrative
case of spin 3. In a separate publication, the Hamiltonian analysis in terms of
prepotentials is extended to all bosonic higher spins using the conformal tools
of this paper, and the same emergence of higher spin conformal symmetry is
confirmed.Comment: 32 pages, typos in formulas (3.3), (3.5), (7.3) and (7.4) correcte
Quantum Scalar Corrections to the Gravitational Potentials on de Sitter
  Background

We employ the graviton self-energy induced by a massless, minimally coupled
(MMC) scalar on de Sitter background to compute the quantum corrections to the
gravitational potentials of a static point particle with a mass $M$. The
Schwinger-Keldysh formalism is used to derive real and causal effective field
equations. When evaluated at the one-loop order, the gravitational potentials
exhibit a secular decrease in the observed gravitational coupling $G$. This can
also be interpreted as a (time dependent) anti-screening of the mass $M$.Comment: 21 pages, uses LaTeX 2
Geometry and Dynamics of a Coupled 4D-2D Quantum Field Theory

Geometric and dynamical aspects of a coupled 4D-2D interacting quantum field
theory - the gauged nonAbelian vortex - are investigated. The fluctuations of
the internal 2D nonAbelian vortex zeromodes excite the massless 4D Yang-Mills
modes and in general give rise to divergent energies. This means that the
well-known 2D CP(N-1) zeromodes associated with a nonAbelian vortex become
nonnormalizable. Moreover, all sorts of global, topological 4D effects such as
the nonAbelian Aharonov-Bohm effect come into play. These topological global
features and the dynamical properties associated with the fluctuation of the 2D
vortex moduli modes are intimately correlated, as shown concretely here in a
U(1) x SU(N) x SU(N) model with scalar fields in a bifundamental representation
of the two SU(N) factor gauge groups.Comment: Latex, 39 pages, 5 figure
Cancellation of Glauber gluon exchange in the double Drell-Yan process

An essential part of any factorisation proof is the demonstration that the
exchange of Glauber gluons cancels for the considered observable. We show this
cancellation at all orders for double Drell-Yan production (the double parton
scattering process in which a pair of electroweak gauge bosons is produced)
both for the integrated cross section and for the cross section differential in
the transverse boson momenta. In the process of constructing this proof, we
also revisit and clarify some issues regarding the Glauber cancellation
argument and its relation to the rest of the factorisation proof for the single
Drell-Yan process.Comment: 65 pages, 23 figure
Symplectic and Killing Symmetries of AdS$_3$ Gravity: Holographic vs
  Boundary Gravitons

The set of solutions to the AdS$_3$ Einstein gravity with Brown-Henneaux
boundary conditions is known to be a family of metrics labeled by two arbitrary
periodic functions, respectively left and right-moving. It turns out that there
exists an appropriate presymplectic form which vanishes on-shell. This promotes
this set of metrics to a phase space in which the Brown-Henneaux asymptotic
symmetries become symplectic symmetries in the bulk of spacetime. Moreover, any
element in the phase space admits two global Killing vectors. We show that the
conserved charges associated with these Killing vectors commute with the
Virasoro symplectic symmetry algebra, extending the Virasoro symmetry algebra
with two $U(1)$ generators. We discuss that any element in the phase space
falls into the coadjoint orbits of the Virasoro algebras and that each orbit is
labeled by the $U(1)$ Killing charges. Upon setting the right-moving function
to zero and restricting the choice of orbits, one can take a near-horizon
decoupling limit which preserves a chiral half of the symplectic symmetries.
Here we show two distinct but equivalent ways in which the chiral Virasoro
symplectic symmetries in the near-horizon geometry can be obtained as a limit
of the bulk symplectic symmetries.Comment: 39 pages, v2: a reference added, the version to appear in JHE
Typical Event Horizons in AdS/CFT

We consider the construction of local bulk operators in a black hole
background dual to a pure state in conformal field theory. The properties of
these operators in a microcanonical ensemble are studied. It has been argued in
the literature that typical states in such an ensemble contain firewalls, or
otherwise singular horizons. We argue this conclusion can be avoided with a
proper definition of the interior operators.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
  arXiv:1310.799
Natural Supersymmetry and Unification in Five Dimensions

We explore unification and natural supersymmetry in a five dimensional
extension of the standard model in which the extra dimension may be large, of
the order of 1-10 TeV. Power law running generates a TeV scale A_ term allowing
for the observed 125 GeV Higgs and allowing for stop masses below 2 TeV,
compatible with a natural SUSY spectrum. We supply the full one-loop RGEs for
various models and use metastability to give a prediction that the gluino mass
should be lighter than 3.5 TeV for A_t <= 2.5 TeV, for such a compactification
scale, with brane localised 3rd generation matter. We discuss why models in
which the 1st and 2nd generation of matter fields are located in the bulk are
likely to be ruled out. We also look at electroweak symmetry breaking in these
models.Comment: 34 pages, 12 figure
Holographic Complexity And Cosmological Singularities

We study the evolution of holographic complexity in various AdS/CFT models
containing cosmological crunch singularities. We find that a notion of
complexity measured by extremal bulk volumes tends to decrease as the
singularity is approached in CFT time, suggesting that the corresponding
quantum states have simpler entanglement structure at the singularity.Comment: Significant rewriting for pedagogical reasons. Figures and references
  added. Same results. Version published in JHEP. 23 pages, 8 figure
Quasinormal modes of Gauss-Bonnet black holes at large D

Einstein's General Relativity theory simplifies dramatically in the limit
that the spacetime dimension D is very large. This could still be true in the
gravity theory with higher derivative terms. In this paper, as the first step
to study the gravity with a Gauss-Bonnet(GB) term, we compute the quasi-normal
modes of the spherically symmetric GB black hole in the large D limit. When the
GB parameter is small, we find that the non-decoupling modes are the same as
the Schwarzschild case and the decoupled modes are slightly modified by the GB
term. However, when the GB parameter is large, we find some novel features. We
notice that there are another set of non-decoupling modes due to the appearance
of a new plateau in the effective radial potential. Moreover, the effective
radial potential for the decoupled vector-type and scalar-type modes becomes
more complicated. Nevertheless we manage to compute the frequencies of the
these decoupled modes analytically. When the GB parameter is neither very large
nor very small, though analytic computation is not possible, the problem is
much simplified in the large D expansion and could be numerically treated. We
study numerically the vector-type quasinormal modes in this case.Comment: 26 pages; typos corrected, reference adde
Fermionic Semi-Annihilating Dark Matter

Semi-annihilation is a generic feature of dark matter theories with
symmetries larger than Z2. We investigate two examples with multi-component
dark sectors comprised of an SU(2)L singlet or triplet fermion besides a scalar
singlet. These are respectively the minimal fermionic semi-annihilating model,
and the minimal case for a gauge-charged fermion. We study the relevant dark
matter phenomenology, including the interplay of semi-annihilation and the
Sommerfeld effect. We demonstrate that semi-annihilation in the singlet model
can explain the gamma ray excess from the galactic center. For the triplet
model we scan the parameter space, and explore how signals and constraints are
modified by semi-annihilation. We find that the entire region where the model
comprises all the observed dark matter is accessible to current and planned
direct and indirect searches.Comment: 34 pages, 22 figures; v3 accepted for publication in JHE
Holographic Thermalization with Weyl Corrections

We consider holographic thermalization in the presence of a Weyl correction
in five dimensional AdS space. We first obtain the Weyl corrected black brane
solution perturbatively, up to first order in the coupling. The corresponding
AdS-Vaidya like solution is then constructed. This is then used to numerically
analyze the time dependence of the two point correlation functions and the
expectation values of rectangular Wilson loops in the boundary field theory,
and we discuss how the Weyl correction can modify the thermalization time
scales in the dual field theory. In this context, the subtle interplay between
the Weyl coupling constant and the chemical potential is studied in detail.Comment: References added, discussions improved. Version to appear in JHE
Planckian Axions and the Weak Gravity Conjecture

Several recent works have claimed that the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC)
excludes super-Planckian displacements of axion fields, and hence large-field
axion inflation, in the absence of monodromy. We argue that in theories with
$N\gg1$ axions, super-Planckian axion diameters $\cal{D}$ are readily allowed
by the WGC. We clarify the nontrivial relationship between the kinetic matrix
$K$ --- unambiguously defined by its form in a Minkowski-reduced basis --- and
the diameter of the axion fundamental domain, emphasizing that in general the
diameter is not solely determined by the eigenvalues $f_1^2 \le ... \le f_N^2$
of $K$: the orientations of the eigenvectors with respect to the
identifications imposed by instantons must be incorporated. In particular, even
if one were to impose the condition $f_N<M_{pl}$, this would imply neither
${\cal D}<M_{pl}$ nor ${\cal D}<\sqrt{N}M_{pl}$. We then estimate the actions
of instantons that fulfill the WGC. The leading instanton action is bounded
from below by $S \ge {\cal S} M_{pl}/f_N$, with ${\cal S}$ a fixed constant,
but in the universal limit $S\gtrsim {\cal S} \sqrt{N}M_{pl}/f_N$. Thus, having
$f_N>M_{pl}$ does not immediately imply the existence of unsuppressed higher
harmonic contributions to the potential. Finally, we argue that in effective
axion-gravity theories, the zero-form version of the WGC can be satisfied by
gravitational instantons that make negligible contributions to the potential.Comment: 20 pages, 2 figure
Generalised matter couplings in massive bigravity

We investigate matter couplings in massive bigravity. We find a new family of
such consistent couplings, including and extending known consistent matter
couplings, and we investigate their decoupling limits, ADM decompositions,
Higuchi bounds and further aspects. We show that differences to previous known
consistent couplings only arise beyond the $\Lambda_3$ decoupling limit and
discuss the uniqueness of consistent matter couplings and how this is related
to the so-called symmetric vielbein condition. Since we work in a vielbein
formulation, these results easily generalise to multi-gravity.Comment: 40 page
$E_{7(7)}$ invariant non-extremal entropy

The entropy of generic non-extremal dyonic black holes in the STU model has
been shown to admit a remarkably universal form. The missing invariant in the
formula was recently identified by S\'arosi using the formalism of quantum
entanglement as well as a higher dimensional embedding of the U-duality group.
Here, we express the non-extremal black hole entropy in the STU model in terms
of U-duality covariant tensors. We then provide the extension to the most
general non-extremal black hole of ungauged $\mathcal N= 8$ supergravity using
$E_{7(7)}$ invariants. We also conjecture a generalization for ungauged
$\mathcal N = 2$ supergravity coupled to vector multiplets with arbitrary cubic
prepotential. The most general rotating dyonic black hole solution of the STU
model with all scalar moduli turned on is provided in an appendix.Comment: 25 pages, published versio
On the N=1* Gauge Theory on a Circle and Elliptic Integrable Systems

We continue our study of the N=1* supersymmetric gauge theory and its
relation to elliptic integrable systems. Upon compactification on a circle, we
show that the semi-classical analysis of the massless and massive vacua depends
on the classification of nilpotent orbits, as well as on the conjugacy classes
of the component group of their centralizer. We demonstrate that
semi-classically massless vacua can be lifted by Wilson lines in unbroken
discrete gauge groups. The pseudo-Levi subalgebras that play a classifying role
in the nilpotent orbit theory are also key in defining generalized Inozemtsev
limits of (twisted) elliptic integrable systems. We illustrate our analysis in
the N=1* theories with gauge algebras su(3), su(4), so(5) and for the
exceptional gauge algebra G2. We map out modular duality diagrams of the
massive and massless vacua. Moreover, we provide an analytic description of the
branches of massless vacua in the case of the su(3) and the so(5) theory. The
description of these branches in terms of the complexified Wilson lines on the
circle invokes the Eichler-Zagier technique for inverting the elliptic
Weierstrass function. After fine-tuning the coupling to elliptic points of
order three, we identify the Argyres-Douglas singularities of the su(3) theory.Comment: 60 pages, many figure
Fluxes in F-theory Compactifications on Genus-One Fibrations

We initiate the construction of gauge fluxes in F-theory compactifications on
genus-one fibrations which only have a multi-section as opposed to a section.
F-theory on such spaces gives rise to discrete gauge symmetries in the
effective action. We generalize the transversality conditions on gauge fluxes
known for elliptic fibrations by taking into account the properties of the
available multi-section. We test these general conditions by constructing all
vertical gauge fluxes in a bisection model with gauge group SU(5) x Z2. The
non-abelian anomalies are shown to vanish. These flux solutions are dynamically
related to fluxes on a fibration with gauge group SU(5) x U(1) by a conifold
transition. Considerations of flux quantization reveal an arithmetic constraint
on certain intersection numbers on the base which must necessarily be satisfied
in a smooth geometry. Combined with the proposed transversality conditions on
the fluxes these conditions are shown to imply cancellation of the discrete Z2
gauge anomalies as required by general consistency considerations.Comment: 30 pages; v2: typos correcte
ATLAS diboson excess from low scale supersymmetry breaking

We provide an interpretation of the recent ATLAS diboson excess in terms of a
class of supersymmetric models in which the scale of supersymmetry (SUSY)
breaking is in the few TeV range. The particle responsible for the excess is
the scalar superpartner of the Goldstone fermion associated with SUSY breaking,
the sgoldstino. This scalar couples strongly to the Standard Model vector
bosons and weakly to the fermions, with all coupling strengths determined by
ratios of soft SUSY breaking parameters over the SUSY breaking scale.
Explaining the ATLAS excess selects particular relations and ranges for the
gaugino masses, while imposing no constraints on the other superpartner masses.
Moreover, this signal hypothesis predicts a rate in the $Z\gamma$ final state
that is expected to be observable at the LHC Run II already with a few
fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; v2 bibtex compilation problem fixe
High-Scale Inflation and the Tensor Tilt

In this paper, we explore a novel observational signature of gravitational
corrections during slow-roll inflation. We study the coupling of the inflaton
field to higher-curvature tensors in models with a minimal breaking of
conformal symmetry. In that case, the most general correction to the tensor
two-point function is captured by a coupling to the square of the Weyl tensor.
We show that these scenarios lead to a correction to the tilt of the tensor
power spectrum and hence a violation of the tensor consistency condition. We
arrive at the same conclusion through an analysis in conformal perturbation
theory.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figur
Towards model-independent exclusion of light Stops

Understanding the extent to which experimental searches are sensitive to
Light Stops (LST) scenarios is essential to resolve questions about
naturalness, electroweak baryogenesis and Dark Matter. In this paper we
characterize the reach on LST scenarios in two ways. We extend experimental
searches to cover specific gaps in the LST parameter space, showing for the
first time that assuming a single decay channel one can exclude the region of
$m_{\tilde{t}}<m_{top}$, which in its turn excludes electroweak baryogenesis in
MSSM. Also, we explore the extent to which searches are weakened in a more
generic scenario when more than one decay channel takes place, even after their
combination. This study highlights the need for a more comprehensive
exploration of the LST parameter space.Comment: 28 page