pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for third generation scalar leptoquarks in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for pair-produced third generation scalar leptoquarks is presented, using proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV at the LHC. The data were recorded with the ATLAS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1). Each leptoquark is assumed to decay to a tau lepton and a b-quark with a branching fraction equal to 100%. No statistically significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed. Third generation leptoquarks are therefore excluded at 95% confidence level for masses less than 534 GeV
Cell Migration with Multiple Pseudopodia : Temporal and Spatial Sensing Models

International audienceCell migration triggered by pseudopodia (or "false feet") is the most used method of locomotion. A 3D finite element model of a cell migrating over a 2D substrate is proposed, with a particular focus on the mechanical aspects of the biological phenomenon. The decomposition of the deformation gradient is used to reproduce the cyclic phases of protrusion and contraction of the cell, which are tightly synchronized with the adhesion forces at the back and at the front of the cell, respectively. First, a steady active deformation is considered to show the ability of the cell to simultaneously initiate multiple pseudopodia. Here, randomness is considered as a key aspect, which controls both the direction and the amplitude of the false feet. Second, the migration process is described through two different strategies: the temporal and the spatial sensing models. In the temporal model, the cell "sniffs" the surroundings by extending several pseudopodia and only the one that receives a positive input will become the new leading edge, while the others retract. In the spatial model instead, the cell senses the external sources at different spots of the membrane and only protrudes one pseudopod in the direction of the most attractive one
Isolated minimizers and proper efficiency for C0,1 constrained vector optimization problems.

We consider the vector optimization problem min(C) f (x), g(x) is an element of - K, where f:R-n -> R-m and g: R-n -> R-p are C-0,C-1 (i.e. locally Lipschitz) functions and C subset of R-m and K subset of R-p are closed convex cones. We give several notions of solution (efficiency concepts), among them the notion of properly efficient point (p-minimizer) of order k and the notion of isolated minimizer of order k. We show that each isolated minimizer of order k >= 1 is a p-minimizer of order k. The possible reversal of this statement in the case k = 1 is studied through first order necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of Dim derivatives. Observing that the optimality conditions for the constrained problem coincide with those for a suitable unconstrained problem, we introduce sense I solutions (those of the initial constrained problem) and sense II solutions (those of the unconstrained problem). Further, we obtain relations between sense I and sense II isolated minimizers and p-minimizers
Planck intermediate results: XXIV. Constraints on variations in fundamental constants

Any variation in the fundamental physical constants, more particularly in the fine structure constant, α, or in the mass of the electron, me, affects the recombination history of the Universe and cause an imprint on the cosmic microwave background angular power spectra. We show that the Planck data allow one to improve the constraint on the time variation of the fine structure constant at redshift z ~ 103 by about a factor of 5 compared to WMAP data, as well as to break the degeneracy with the Hubble constant, H0. In addition to α, we can set a constraint on the variation in the mass of the electron, me, and in the simultaneous variation of the two constants. We examine in detail the degeneracies between fundamental constants and the cosmological parameters, in order to compare the limits obtained from Planck and WMAP and to determine the constraining power gained by including other cosmological probes. We conclude that independent time variations of the fine structure constant and of the mass of the electron are constrained by Planck to Δα/α = (3.6 ± 3.7) × 10-3 and Δme/me = (4 ± 11) × 10-3 at the 68% confidence level. We also investigate the possibility of a spatial variation of the fine structure constant. The relative amplitude of a dipolar spatial variation in α (corresponding to a gradient across our Hubble volume) is constrained to be δα/α = (-2.4 ± 3.7) × 10-2
Zincfingerhomeobox is required for the differentiation of serotonergicneurons in the seaurchinembryo

Serotonergicneurons differentiate in the neurogenic animal plate ectoderm of the seaurchinembryo. The regulatory mechanisms that control the specification or differentiation of these neurons in the seaurchinembryo are not yet understood, although, after the genome was sequenced, many genes encoding transcription factors expressed in this region were identified. Here, we report that zincfingerhomeobox (zfhx1/z81) is expressed in serotonergic neural precursor cells, using double in situ hybridization screening with a serotonergic neural marker, tryptophan 5-hydroxylase (tph) encoding a serotonin synthase that is required for the differentiation of serotonergicneurons. zfhx1/z81 begins to be expressed at gastrula stage in individual cells in the anterior neuroectoderm, some of which also express delta. zfhx1/z81 expression gradually disappears as neural differentiation begins with tph expression. When the translation of Zfhx1/Z81 is blocked by morpholino injection, embryos express neither tph nor the neural marker synaptotagminB in cells of the animal plate, and serotonergicneurons do not differentiate. In contrast, Zfhx1/Z81 morphants do express fez, another neural precursor marker, which appears to function in the initial phase of specification/differentiation of serotonergicneurons. In addition, zfhx1/z81 is one of the targets suppressed in the animal plate by anti-neural signals such as Nodal as well as Delta-Notch. We conclude that Zfhx1/Z81 functions during the specification of individual anterior neural precursors and promotes the expression of tph and synaptotagminB, required for the differentiation of serotonergicneurons
The mass-hierarchy and CP-violation discovery reach of the LBNO long-baseline neutrino experiment

The next generation neutrino observatory proposed by the LBNO collaboration will address fundamental questions in particle and astroparticle physics. The experiment consists of a far detector, in its first stage a 20 kt LAr double phase TPC and a magnetised iron calorimeter, situated at 2300 km from CERN and a near detector based on a highpressure argon gas TPC. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the L/E behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from delta(CP) and matter. In this paper we have reevaluated the physics potential of this setup for determining the mass hierarchy (MH) and discovering CP-violation (CPV), using a conventional neutrino beam from the CERN SPS with a power of 750 kW. We use conservative assumptions on the knowledge of oscillation parameter priors and systematic uncertainties. The impact of each systematic error and the precision of oscillation prior is shown. We demonstrate that the first stage of LBNO can determine unambiguously the MH to > 5 sigma C.L. over the whole phase space. We show that the statistical treatment of the experiment is of very high importance, resulting in the conclusion that LBNO has similar to 100% probability to determine the MH in at most 4-5 years of running. Since the knowledge of MH is indispensable to extract delta(CP) from the data, the first LBNO phase can convincingly give evidence for CPV on the 3 sigma C.L. using today's knowledge on oscillation parameters and realistic assumptions on the systematic uncertainties
Breed effect on quality veal production in mountain areas: Emphasis on meat

This study was designed to compare the quality of veal produced from ‘Tudanca x Charolais’ cross (n=6) and Limousin (n=6) breeds when allowed to feed freely on mountain pastures and suckle naturally from birth to 7 months of age. After 80 days of age calves also had access to concentrate (maximum of 3 Kg/day), while mothers did not. At slaughter, Limousin calves were heavier (P<0.01) and provided better carcass yield (P<0.05) and conformation (P<0.001) than Tudanca calves. Tudanca beef provided higher fat content (P<0.05) was less tough (P<0.05), and was scored as more tender and juicy (P<0.1) with higher acceptability than Limousin beef (P<0.1). In general, Tudanca had a better fatty acid profile than Limousin
beef, especially in terms of the content of polyunsaturated (P<0.05), long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (P<0.05) and their n-6/n-3 ratios (P<0.1), as well as vaccenic acid (P<0.1) and the overall trans-18:1 isomer profile
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted, Mild, Facile, and Rapid One‐Pot Three‐Component Synthesis of Some Novel Pyrano[2,3‐d]pyrimidine‐2,4,7‐triones.

Novel pyrano[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4,7-triones were synthesized in 90–97% yield via a three-component reaction of an aromatic aldehyde, Meldrums acid, and barbituric acid in the presence of 10 mol % K2CO3 under microwave irradiation. This is the first protocol to be reported for the synthesis of title compounds and the significant features of the present protocol are simplicity, high yields, short reaction time, involvement of aqueous work-up procedure, environmentally benign nature, and no chromatographic purification
Holographic paramagnetism-ferromagnetism phase transition with the
  nonlinear electrodynamics

In the probe limit, we investigate the nonlinear electrodynamical effects of
the both exponential form and the logarithmic form on the holographic
paramagnetism-ferromagnetism phase transition in the background of a
Schwarzschild-AdS black hole spacetime. Moreover, by comparing the exponential
form of nonlinear electrodynamics with the logarithmic form of nonlinear
electrodynamics and the Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics which has been
presented in Ref.~\cite{Wu:2016uyj}, we find that the higher nonlinear
electrodynamics correction makes the critical temperature smaller and the
magnetic moment harder form in the case without external field. Furthermore,
the increase of nonlinear parameter b will result in extending the period of
the external magnetic field. Especially, the effect of the exponential form of
nonlinear electrodynamics on the periodicity of hysteresis loop is more
noticeable.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1212.6693, arXiv:1208.5902
  by other author
Evidence for azimuthal variations of the oxygen abundance gradient
  tracing the spiral structure of the galaxy HCG91c

Context. The distribution of elements in galaxies forms an important
diagnostic tool to characterize the system's formation and evolution. This tool
is however complex to use in practice, as galaxies are subject to a range of
simultaneous physical processes active from pc to kpc scales. This renders
observations of the full optical extent of galaxies down to sub-kpc scales
essential. Aims. Using the WiFeS integral field spectrograph, we previously
detected abrupt and localized variations in the gas-phase oxygen abundance of
the spiral galaxy HCG91c. Here, we follow-up on these observations to map
HCG91c's disk out to ~2Re at a resolution of 600pc, and characterize the
non-radial variations of the gas-phase oxygen abundance in the system. Methods.
We obtained deep MUSE observations of the target under ~0.6 arcsec seeing
conditions. We perform both a spaxel-based and aperture-based analysis of the
data to map the spatial variations of 12+log(O/H) across the disk of the
galaxy. Results. We confirm the presence of rapid variations of the oxygen
abundance across the entire extent of the galaxy previously detected with
WiFeS, for all azimuths and radii. The variations can be separated in two
categories: a) localized and associated with individual HII regions, and b)
extended over kpc scales, and occurring at the boundaries of the spiral
structures in the galaxy. Conclusions. Our MUSE observations suggest that the
enrichment of the interstellar medium in HGC91c has proceeded preferentially
along spiral structures, and less efficiently across them. Our dataset
highlights the importance of distinguishing individual star-forming regions
down to scales of a few 100pc when using integral field spectrographs to
spatially resolve the distribution of oxygen abundances in a given system, and
accurately characterize azimuthal variations and intrinsic scatter.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Supplementary
  movie assocociated with Fig. 8 is available (until publication) at:
  http://www.sc.eso.org/~fvogt/supp_mat/HCG91c/O_gradient.mp
SoLid : Search for Oscillations with Lithium-6 Detector at the SCK-CEN BR2 reactor

Sterile neutrinos have been considered as a possible explanation for the recent reactor and Gallium anomalies arising from reanalysis of reactor flux and calibration data of previous neutrino experiments. A way to test this hypothesis is to look for distortions of the anti-neutrino energy caused by oscillation from active to sterile neutrino at close stand-off (similar to 6-8m) of a compact reactor core. Due to the low rate of anti-neutrino interactions the main challenge in such measurement is to control the high level of gamma rays and neutron background. 
The SoLid experiment is a proposal to search for active-to-sterile anti-neutrino oscillation at very short baseline of the SCK center dot CEN BR2 research reactor. 
This experiment uses a novel approach to detect anti-neutrino with a highly segmented detector based on Lithium-6. With the combination of high granularity, high neutron-gamma discrimination using 6LiF:ZnS(Ag) and precise localization of the Inverse Beta Decay products, a better experimental sensitivity can be achieved compared to other state-of-the-art technology. This compact system requires minimum passive shielding allowing for very close stand off to the reactor. The experimental set up of the SoLid experiment and the BR2 reactor will be presented. The new principle of neutrino detection and the detector design with expected performance will be described. The expected sensitivity to new oscillations of the SoLid detector as well as the first measurements made with the 8 kg prototype detector deployed at the BR2 reactor in 2013-2014 will be reported
Monitoring the condition of Marine Renewable Energy Devices through underwater Acoustic Emissions:Case study of a Wave Energy Converter in Falmouth Bay, UK

Maintaining the engineering health of Marine Renewable Energy Devices (MREDs) is one of the main limits to their economic viability, because of the requirement for costly marine interventions in challenging conditions. Acoustic Emission (AE) condition monitoring is routinely and successfully used for land-based devices, and this paper shows how it can be used underwater. We review the acoustic signatures expected from operation and likely failure modes of MREDs, providing a basis for a generic classification system. This is illustrated with a Wave Energy Converter tested at Falmouth Bay (UK), monitored for 2 years. Underwater noise levels have been measured between 10 Hz and 32 kHz throughout this time, covering operational and inactive periods. Broadband MRED contributions to ambient noise are generally negligible. Time-frequency analyses are used to detect acoustic signatures (60 Hz – 5 kHz) of specific operational activities, such as the active Power Take Off, and relate them to engineering and environmental conditions. These first results demonstrate the feasibility of using underwater Acoustic Emissions to monitor the health and performance of MREDs
The moduli spaces of 3dN≥2N≥2 Chern-Simons gauge theories and their Hilbert series.

We present a formula for the Hilbert series that counts gauge invariant chiral operators in a large class of 3d  N≥2N≥2  Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theories. The formula counts ’t Hooft monopole operators dressed by gauge invariants of a residual gauge theory of massless fields in the monopole background. We provide a general formula for the case of abelian theories, where nonperturbative corrections are absent, and consider a few examples of nonabelian theories where nonperturbative corrections are well understood. We also analyze in detail nonabelian ABJ(M) theories as well as worldvolume theories of M2-branes probing Calabi-Yau fourfold and hyperKähler twofold singularities with  N≥2N≥2  and  N≥3N≥3  supersymmetry
QUASARS PROBING QUASARS. VI. EXCESS H I ABSORPTION WITHIN ONE PROPER Mpc OF z ~ 2 QUASARS

With close pairs of quasars at different redshifts, a background quasar sightline can be used to study a foreground quasar's environment in absorption. We use a sample of 650 projected quasar pairs to study the H I Lyα absorption transverse to luminous, z ~ 2 quasars at proper separations of 30 kpc < R [subscript ⊥] < 1 Mpc. In contrast to measurements along the line-of-sight, regions transverse to quasars exhibit enhanced H I Lyα absorption and a larger variance than the ambient intergalactic medium, with increasing absorption and variance toward smaller scales. Analysis of composite spectra reveals excess absorption characterized by a Lyα equivalent width profile W = 2.3 Å (R [subscript ⊥]/100 kpc)[superscript –0.46]. We also observe a high ([~ over -] 60%) covering factor of strong, optically thick H I absorbers (H I column N[subscript HI] > 10[superscript 17.3] cm[superscript -2]) at separations R [subscript ⊥] < 200 kpc, which decreases to ~20% at R [subscript ⊥] [~ over -] 1 Mpc, but still represents a significant excess over the cosmic average. This excess of optically thick absorption can be described by a quasar-absorber cross-correlation function ξ[subscript QA](r) = (r/r [subscript 0])[superscript γ] with a large correlation length r[subscript 0] = 12.5[+2.7 over -1.4] h[superscript -1] Mpc (comoving) and γ =1.68[+0.14 over -0.30]. The H I absorption measured around quasars exceeds that of any previously studied population, consistent with quasars being hosted by massive dark matter halos M [subscript halo] ≈ 10[superscript 12.5] M [subscript ☉] at z ~ 2.5. The environments of these massive halos are highly biased toward producing optically thick gas, and may even dominate the cosmic abundance of Lyman limit systems and hence the intergalactic opacity to ionizing photons at z ~ 2.5. The anisotropic absorption around quasars implies the transverse direction is much less likely to be illuminated by ionizing radiation than the line-of-sight
Theoretical and experimental characterization of a FEM element assembly for the simulation of very compliant knitted mesh

The paper deals with the description, development and validation of an equivalent FEM element assembly suitable for the simulation of very compliant knitted meshes, like those used in elastic coatings, deployable antennas, medical applications and similar. The assembly is based on a network of lumped springs able to reproduce the orthotropic behaviour of the mesh when stretched along two directions. The parameters of the model have been identified by experimental tests using a dedicated biaxial testing device. The effectiveness of the modelling technique has been validated under two test settings, providing in-plane or out-of-plane displacements. For deformations up to 50%, the differences observed between experiments and numerical results are bounded below 6%. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Comparative structural bioinformatics analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens chemotaxis proteins within Bacillus subtilis group

Chemotaxis is a process in which bacteria sense
their chemical environment and move towards more
favorable conditions. Since plant colonization by bacteria
is a multifaceted process which requires a response to the
complex chemical environment, a finely tuned and sensitive
chemotaxis system is needed. Members of the Bacillus
subtilis group including Bacillus amyloliquefaciens are
industrially important, for example, as bio-pesticides. The
group exhibits plant growth-promoting characteristics, with
different specificity towards certain host plants. Therefore,
we hypothesize that while the principal molecular mechanisms
of bacterial chemotaxis may be conserved, the
bacterial chemotaxis system may need an evolutionary
tweaking to adapt it to specific requirements, particularly in
the process of evolution of free-living soil organisms,
towards plant colonization behaviour. To date, almost
nothing is known about what parts of the chemotaxis
proteins are subjected to positive amino acid substitutions,
involved in adjusting the chemotaxis system of bacteria
during speciation. In this novel study, positively selected
and purified sites of chemotaxis proteins were calculated,
and these residues were mapped onto homology models that were built for the chemotaxis proteins, in an attempt to
understand the spatial evolution of the chemotaxis proteins.
Various positively selected amino acids were identified in
semi-conserved regions of the proteins away from the
known active sites.Rhodes University and National
Research Foundation (NRF) of South Africa.http://www.springer.com/chemistry/biotechnology/journal/253nf201
Precision study of the η→μ+μ−γ and ω→μ+μ−π0 electromagnetic transition form-factors and of the ρ→μ+μ− line shape in NA60

AbstractThe NA60 experiment studied low-mass muon pair production in proton–nucleus (p–A) collisions using a 400 GeV proton beam at the CERN SPS. The low-mass dimuon spectrum is well described by the superposition of the two-body and Dalitz decays of the light neutral mesons η, ρ, ω, η′ and ϕ, and no evidence of in-medium effects is found. A new high-precision measurement of the electromagnetic transition form factors of the η and ω was performed, profiting from a 10 times larger data sample than the peripheral In–In sample previously collected by NA60. Using the pole-parameterisation |F(M)|2=(1−M2/Λ2)−2 we find Λη−2=1.934±0.067 (stat.) ±0.050 (syst.) (GeV/c2)−2 and Λω−2=2.223±0.026 (stat.) ±0.037 (syst.) (GeV/c2)−2. An improved value of the branching ratio of the Dalitz decay ω→μ+μ−π0 is also obtained, with BR(ω→μ+μ−π0)=[1.41±0.09 (stat.)±0.15 (syst.)]×10−4. Further results refer to the ρ line shape and a new limit on ρ/ω interference in hadron interactions
On the Bohnenblust–Hille inequality and a variant of Littlewoodʼs 4/3 inequality

AbstractThe search for sharp constants for inequalities of the type Littlewoodʼs 4/3 and Bohnenblust–Hille has lately shown unexpected applications in many fields such as Analytic Number Theory, Quantum Information Theory, or in results on n-dimensional Bohr radii. Recent estimates obtained for the multilinear Bohnenblust–Hille inequality (for real scalars) have been used, as a crucial tool, by A. Montanaro in order to solve problems in Quantum XOR games. Here, among other results, we obtain new upper bounds for the Bohnenblust–Hille constants (for complex scalars). For bilinear forms, we provide optimal constants of variants of Littlewoodʼs 4/3 inequality (for real scalars) when the exponent 4/3 is replaced by any r⩾43. We also prove that the optimal constants in real case are always strictly greater than those from the complex case
Dynamical breaking of U(1)R and supersymmetry in a metastable vacuum

AbstractWe consider the metastable N=1 QCD model of Intriligator, Seiberg and Shih (ISS), deformed by adding a baryon term to the superpotential. This simple deformation causes the spontaneous breaking of the approximate R-symmetry of the metastable vacuum. We then gauge the flavour SU(5)f and identify it with the parent gauge symmetry of the Standard Model (SM). This implements direct mediation of supersymmetry breaking without the need for an additional messenger sector. A reasonable choice of parameters leads to gaugino masses of the right order. Finally, we speculate that the entire “ISS × SM” model should be interpreted as a magnetic dual of an (unknown) asymptotically free theory