pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol regulates Syntaxin 6 trafficking at trans-Golgi network endosomal boundaries.

Inhibition of cholesterol export from late endosomes causes cellular cholesterol imbalance, including cholesterol depletion in the trans-Golgi network (TGN). Here, using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) Niemann-Pick type C1 (NPC1) mutant cell lines and human NPC1 mutant fibroblasts, we show that altered cholesterol levels at the TGN/endosome boundaries trigger Syntaxin 6 (Stx6) accumulation into VAMP3, transferrin, and Rab11-positive recycling endosomes (REs). This increases Stx6/VAMP3 interaction and interferes with the recycling of αVβ3 and α5β1 integrins and cell migration, possibly in a Stx6-dependent manner. In NPC1 mutant cells, restoration of cholesterol levels in the TGN, but not inhibition of VAMP3, restores the steady-state localization of Stx6 in the TGN. Furthermore, elevation of RE cholesterol is associated with increased amounts of Stx6 in RE. Hence, the fine-tuning of cholesterol levels at the TGN-RE boundaries together with a subset of cholesterol-sensitive SNARE proteins may play a regulatory role in cell migration and invasion
Measurement of the ratio B(t→Wb)/B(t→Wq) in pp collisions at s√ = 8 TeV

The ratio of the top-quark branching fractions R=B(t→Wb)/B(t→Wq)R=B(t→Wb)/B(t→Wq), where the denominator includes the sum over all down-type quarks (q=b,s,dq=b,s,d), is measured in the  tt¯ dilepton final state with proton–proton collision data at  s=8 TeV from an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1, collected with the CMS detector. In order to quantify the purity of the signal sample, the cross section is measured by fitting the observed jet multiplicity, thereby constraining the signal and background contributions. By counting the number of b jets per event, an unconstrained value of  R=1.014±0.003(stat.)±0.032(syst.) is measured, in a good agreement with current precision measurements in electroweak and flavour sectors. A lower limit R>0.955R>0.955 at the 95% confidence level is obtained after requiring R≤1R≤1, and a lower limit on the Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa matrix element |Vtb|>0.975|Vtb|>0.975 is set at 95% confidence level. The result is combined with a previous CMS measurement of the t  -channel single-top-quark cross section to determine the top-quark total decay width, Γt=1.36±0.02(stat.)−0.11+0.14(syst.) GeV
Coherent psi (2S) photo-production in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at s(NN)=2.76TeV

We have performed the first measurement of the coherent psi(2S) photo-production cross section in ultraperipheral Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC. This charmonium excited state is reconstructed via the psi(2S) -> l(+)l(-) and ->(2S) -> J/psi pi(+)pi(-) decays, where the J/psi decays into two leptons. The analysis is based on an event sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 22 mu b(-1). The cross section for coherent psi(2S) production in the rapidity interval -0.9 < y < 0.9is d sigma(coh)(psi(2S))/dy = 0.83 +/- 0.19 (stat+syst) mb. The psi(2S) to J/psi coherent cross section ratio is 0.34(-0.07)(+0.08)(stat+syst). The obtained results are compared to predictions from theoretical models
Measurements of the t t-bar charge asymmetry using the dilepton decay channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

The t t-bar charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is measured using the dilepton decay channel (ee, e mu, or mu mu). The data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The t t-bar and lepton charge asymmetries, defined as the differences in absolute values of the rapidities between the reconstructed top quarks and antiquarks and of the pseudorapidities between the positive and negative leptons, respectively, are measured to be Ac = -0.010 +/- 0.017 (stat.) +/- 0.008 (syst.) and Ac[lep] = 0.009 +/- 0.010 (stat.) +/- 0.006 (syst). The lepton charge asymmetry is also measured as a function of the invariant mass, rapidity, and transverse momentum of the t t-bar system. All measurements are consistent with the expectations of the standard model
Search for a doubly-charged boson in four-lepton final states in type II seesaw

CMS and ATLAS have searched for a doubly-charged boson <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>±</mo><mo>±</mo></mrow></msup></math> which may arise from type II seesaw in the 7 TeV run at the LHC by considering pair or associated production of doubly-charged bosons under the assumption of degenerate triplet scalars. In this work, we consider non-degenerate triplet components with the mass gap <math altimg="si2.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>∼</mo><mn>1</mn><mtext>–</mtext><mn>40</mn><mtext> GeV</mtext></math> which leads to enhanced pair-production cross-sections of <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>±</mo><mo>±</mo></mrow></msup></math> added by the gauge decays of the heavier neutral and singly-charged bosons. We reevaluate the constraints in the Δ M – <math altimg="si3.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></msub></math> plane depending on the triplet vacuum expectation value <math altimg="si4.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mrow><mi>v</mi></mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi></mrow></msub></math> in the type II seesaw model which are much more stringent than the current search limits. We further study the possibility of observing same-sign tetra-lepton signals in the allowed parameter space which can be probed in the future runs of the LHC
Electroweak ZZjj production in the Standard Model and beyond in the POWHEG-BOX V2

We present an implementation of electroweak ZZjj production in the POWHEG BOX V2 framework, an upgrade of the POWHEG BOX program which includes a number of new features that are particularly helpful for high-multiplicity processes. We consider leptonic and semi-leptonic decay modes of the Z bosons, and take non-resonant contributions and spin correlations of the final-state particles into account. In the case of decays to leptons, we also include interactions beyond the Standard Model that arise from an effective Lagrangian which includes CP conserving and violating operators up to dimension six. We find that while leptonic distributions are very sensitive to anomalous couplings, because of the small cross-section involved, these analyses are feasible only after a high-luminosity upgrade of the LHC. We consider the cases of a 14 TeV, 33 TeV and 100 TeV machine and discuss the limits that can be placed on those couplings for different luminosities
The shortened KK spectrum of IIB supergravity on Y p,q

We examine the shortened KK spectrum of IIB supergravity compactified on Y p,q and conjecture that the spectrum we have obtained is complete. The (untwisted) shortened spectrum on S 5 / $ \mathbb{Z} $ 2 p and on T 1,1 / $ \mathbb{Z} $ p are obtained as special cases when p = q and q = 0, respectively. Knowledge of the shortened spectrum allows us to compute the superconformal index of these theories and to find agreement with earlier calculations from the dual field theories. We also employ the shortened spectrum to perform a 1 /N 2 test of AdS/CFT by holographically reproducing the difference of the central charges, c − a = p/ 8, of the dual CFTs
Modular discretization of the AdS 2 /CFT 1 holography

We propose a finite discretization for the black hole, near horizon, geometry and dynamics. We realize our proposal, in the case of extremal black holes, for which the radial and temporal near horizon geometry is known to be $ \mathrm{Ad}{{\mathrm{S}}_2}={{{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{L}\left( {2,\mathbb{R}} \right)}} \left/ {{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}\left( {1,1,\mathbb{R}} \right)}} \right.} $ . We implement its discretization by replacing the set of real numbers $ \mathbb{R} $ with the set of integers modulo N with AdS 2 going over to the finite geometry $ \mathrm{Ad}{{\mathrm{S}}_2}\left[ N \right]={{{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{L}\left( {2,{{\mathbb{Z}}_N}} \right)}} \left/ {{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}\left( {1,1,{{\mathbb{Z}}_N}} \right)}} \right.} $ . We model the dynamics of the microscopic degrees of freedom by generalized Arnol’d cat maps, $ \mathrm{A}\in \mathrm{SL}\left( {2,{{\mathbb{Z}}_N}} \right) $ which are isometries of the geometry, at both the classical and quantum levels. These are well known to exhibit fast quantum information processing through the well studied properties of strong arithmetic chaos, dynamical entropy, nonlocality and factorization in the cutoff discretization N. We construct, finally, a new kind of unitary and holographic correspondence, for AdS 2 [ N ]/CFT 1 [ N ], via coherent states of the bulk and boundary geometries
'We can all just get on a bus and go': rethinking independent mobility in the context of the universal provision of free bus travel to young Londoners

This paper uses qualitative data from interviews with 118 young Londoners (age 12–18) to examine how the universal provision of free bus travel has affected young people’s independent mobility. Drawing on Sen’s capabilities approach, we argue that free bus travel enhanced young Londoners’ capabilities to shape their daily mobility, both directly by increasing financial access and indirectly by facilitating the acquisition of the necessary skills, travelling companions and confidence. These capabilities in turn extended both opportunity freedoms (e.g. facilitating non-‘necessary’ recreational and social trips) and process freedoms (e.g. feeling more independent by decreasing reliance on parents). Moreover, the universal nature of the entitlement rendered buses a socially inclusive way for groups to travel and spend time together, thereby enhancing group-level capabilities. We believe this attention to individual and group capabilities for self-determination provides the basis for a broader and more child-centred view of independent mobility than the typical research focus upon travelling without an adult and acquiring parental permission
Surface-induced magnetism in C-doped SnO2

3 páginas, 3 figuras.The magnetism of C-doped SnO2 (001) surfaces is studied using first-principles calculations. It is found that carbon does not induce magnetism in bulk SnO2 when located at the oxygen site but shows a large magnetic moment at the SnO2 (001) surface. The magnetic moment is mainly contributed by the carbon atoms due to empty minority spins of p orbitals and is localized at the surface and subsurface atoms. No magnetism is observed when the carbon atom is located at the subsurface oxygen sites. The origin of magnetism is discussed in the context of surface bonding.V.M.G.S. thanks the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e\ud
Innovación for a Juan de la Cierva fellowship and the\ud
Marie Curie European ITNs FUNMOLS and NANOCTM\ud
for funding.Peer reviewe
Pyrrhotite deposition through thermal projection to simulate iron sulphide slagging in oxyfuel combustion.

The 8th European conference on coal research and its applications.Oxyfuel combustion is envisaged as one of the main options for power production from\ud
fossil fuels in a carbon constrained scenery. There are still certain aspects of\ud
oxycombustion still on research stage, one of those is the issue of boiler materials\ud
resistance to corrosion due to solid deposits formed as a consequence of slagging in\ud
CO2 rich flue gases. The novel approach to the issue is the simulation of realistic\ud
slagging by pyrite projection through an oxyacetylene spray gun, flying along a\ud
controlled flame and impacting onto metallic surfaces of selected composition for\ud
fireside waterwall construction (F22, P91, 409, 347, 304H and I800HT). Metallic\ud
surface temperature was kept at 400, 500, 600 and 700ºC, and after deposition, metallic\ud
coupons were aged for long periods (150 and 1500 hours) at the selected conditions\ud
(O2/N2, CO2/N2) . The characterization of deposits was performed with XRD, SEMEDX\ud
and carburization tests.\ud
The first finding is that the oxidation scale progression is different when partially\ud
transformed pyrite covers metallic surfaces: chromium oxide grows as a response to\ud
oxidation between the steel and the deposit, less dense and partially interrupted, and no\ud
iron oxide scale is generated. There is a clear presence of chromium sulphides in\ud
competence with the chromium oxide. On the other hand, comparison of scales in CO2\ud
vs. air indicates same chemical composition but different morphology: in air\ud
combustion, corrosion layers are thicker and cracked. These results can improve the\ud
prediction of operational problems in coal oxyfuel combustion.Peer reviewe
Measurement of the forward-backward asymmetry of electron and muon pair-production in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements from the ATLAS experiment of the forward-backward asymmetry in the reaction pp -&gt; Z/gamma* -&gt; l(+)l(-), with l being electrons or muons, and the extraction of the effective weak mixing angle. The results are based on the full set of data collected in 2011 in pp collisions at the LHC at root s = 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 fb(-1). The measured asymmetry values are found to be in agreement with the corresponding Standard Model predictions. The combination of the muon and electron channels yields a value of the effective weak mixing angle of sin(2) theta(lept)(eff) = 0.2308 +/- 0.0005(stat.)+/- 0.0006(syst.)+/- 0.0009(PDF), where the first uncertainty corresponds to data statistics, the second to s ystematic effects and the third to knowledge of the parton density functions. This result agrees with the current world average from the Particle Data Group fit.<p>ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2015)049</p><p>Funding: We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.</p
Behavioral characterization of the alarm reaction and anxiolytic-like effect of acute treatment with fluoxetine in piaucu fish

In Ostariophysan fish, the detection of the alarm substance liberated into the water as a consequence of an attack by a predator elicits an alarm reaction or anti-predatory behavior. In this study, experiments were performed to: (i) describe and quantitatively characterize the behavioral and ventilatory responses in piaucu fish (Leporinus macrocephalus), individually and as part of a school, to conspecific alarm substance (CAS) and; (ii) test the effect of acute fluoxetine treatment on alarm reaction. Histological analysis revealed the presence of club cells in the intermediate and superficial layers of the epidermis. The predominant behavioral response to CAS was freezing for fish held individually, characterized by the cessation of the swimming activity as the animal settles to a bottom corner of the aquarium. Fish exposed to CAS showed decrease in the mean ventilatory frequency (approximately 13%) relative to control. In schools, CAS elicited a biphasic response that was characterized by erratic movements followed by increased school cohesion and immobility, reflected as an increased school cohesion (65.5% vs. -5.8% for controls) and in the number of animals near the bottom of the aquarium (42.0% vs. 6.5% for controls). Animals treated with single i.p. injections of fluoxetine (10 mu g/g b.w.) did not exhibit alarm behavior following CAS stimulation. These results show that an alarm pheromone system is present in piaucu fish, evidenced by the presence of epidermal club cells and an alarm reaction induced by CAS and consequently of a chemosensory system to transmit the appropriate information to neural structures responsible for initiating anti-predator behavioral responses. In addition, fluoxetine treatment caused an anxiolytic-like effect following CAS exposure. Thus, the alarm reaction in piaucu can be a useful model for neuroethological and pharmacological studies of anxiety-related states. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP)Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Level  or Education  Personnel (CAPES)National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), Brazi
Pico-electrochemistry in humidity-equilibrated electrolyte films on nano-cotton:Three- and four-point probe voltammetry and impedance

Cotton-extracted cellulose nanocrystals are spin-coated from aqueous suspension (0.6 wt%) onto glass slides to give ca. 40 nm thick films. Impregnation with LiCl and redox active Fe(CN)6 3-/4- into this film gives extremely thin redox active layers (typically 170 nm at 60% relative humidity), which were investigated with a 4-point or 3-point probe electrochemical system based on 250 μm diameter platinum wire probes. Both voltammetry and impedance measurements were performed and effects from humidity, concentrations, and time domain on measurements are reported. Only a pico-litre volume under the working electrode was "active" to give a novel electroanalytical "spot test"
May Testing, Non-interference, and Compositionality.

This paper uses CSP to introduce a characterisation of noninterference in terms of the deductions that may be made about high level processes by low level tests. May testing yields classic noninference, and has a concise formulation in CSP. It is preserved by a wider range of composition operators than are normally considered in the context of non-interference, and thus also composes under the operators traditionally studied with non-interference. The CSP characterisation of may noninterference also permits some attractive and simple Compositionality proofs. This work has benefitted from discussions with Peter Ryan, and from the careful reading and comments of the anonymous referees. The work has also received financial support from DERA
Earthquake occurrence models in the short and long term for the Italian   seismicity

This work describes three earthquake occurrence models, two in the short-(24 hour) and one in
 long-term (5- and 10 year), applied to the whole Italian territory in order to assess the occurrence
 probability of future (M≥5.0) earthquakes. The first model for short-term forecasts is a purely
 stochastic Epidemic Type Earthquake Sequence model (ETES). The second short-term epidemic
 forecast is based on a model physically constrained by the application of Dieterich rate-state
constitutive law to the earthquake clustering (ERS). The third forecast is based on a Long Term
 model that considers the perturbation of earthquake probability for interacting faults by static
 Coulomb stress changes (LTST). These models have been submitted to the CSEP (Collaboratory
 for the study of Earthquake Predictability) forecast testing for Italy (ETH-Zurich) and locked down
 to test their validity on real data in a forward way starting from August 1, 2009
Cognitive styles and future depressed mood in early adulthood : the importance of global attributions.

Background: Cognitive theories of depression suggest that beliefs of low self-worth and the tendency to attribute negative events to causes that are global (widespread rather than specific) and stable (will persist rather than change in the future) are associated with the development of depressed mood. Such theories are supported by evidence from prospective studies and have guided the development of successful treatment and prevention strategies such as CBT. However, the relative importance of different psychological constructs within cognitive theories is unknown. This is important to refine cognitive theories and develop more efficient prevention strategies.\ud
\ud
Method: We used prospective data from over 3500 young adults from the Avon Longitudinal Study for Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort in the UK to investigate the association between cognitive style, measured by short forms of the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS) and Cognitive Styles Questionnaire-Short Form (CSQ-SF) at age 18, and future depressed mood at age 19. Structural equation modelling techniques were used to separate cognitive style constructs.\ud
\ud
Results: Cognitive styles were associated with future depressed mood, independently of baseline mood, both as measured by the DAS-SF and the CSQ-SF. Of the different CSQ-SF constructs, only global attributions were associated with both baseline and future mood independently of other constructs.\ud
\ud
Limitations: The study was subject to attrition and the follow-up was relatively short (10 months).\ud
\ud
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the tendency to attribute negative events specifically to global causes could be particularly important for depression. Reducing global attributions is potentially important in the prevention and treatment of depression
The consistency of topological expansions in field theory : “BRST anomalies” in strings and Yang-Mills.

Many field theories of physical interest have configuration spaces consisting of disconnected components. Quantum mechanical amplitudes are then expressed as sums over these components. We use the Faddeev-Popov approach to write the terms in this topological expansion as moduli space integrals. A cutoff is needed when these integrals diverge. This introduces a dependence on the choice of parametrisation of configuration space which must be removed if the theory is to make physical sense. For theories that have a local symmetry this also leads to a breakdown in BRST invariance. We discuss in detail the cases of bosonic strings and Yang-Mills theory, showing how this arbitrariness may be removed by the use of a counterterm in the former case, and by compactification on S4 in the latter