pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for a massive resonance decaying into a Higgs boson and a W or Z
  boson in hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A search for a massive resonance decaying into a standard-model-like Higgs
boson (H) and a W or Z boson is reported. The analysis is performed on a data
sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns,
collected in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with
the CMS detector at the LHC. Signal events, in which the decay products of
Higgs, W, or Z bosons at high Lorentz boost are contained within single
reconstructed jets, are identified using jet substructure techniques, including
the tagging of b hadrons. This is the first search for heavy resonances
decaying into HW or HZ resulting in an all-jet final state, as well as the
first application of jet substructure techniques to identify H to WW* to 4q
decays at high Lorentz boost. No significant signal is observed and limits are
set at 95% confidence level on the production cross section of W' and Z' in a
model with mass-degenerate charged and neutral spin-1 resonances. Resonance
masses are excluded for W' in the interval [1.0, 1.6] TeV, for Z' in the
intervals [1.0, 1.1] and [1.3, 1.5] TeV, and for mass-degenerate W' and Z' in
the interval [1.0, 1.7] TeV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. All
  figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-14-009/index.htm
Solution of the string equations for asymmetric potentials

We consider the large $N$ expansion of the partition function for the
Hermitian one-matrix model. It is well known that the coefficients of this
expansion are generating functions $F^{(g)}$ for a certain kind of graph
embedded in a Riemann surface. Other authors have made a simplifying assumption
that the potential $V$ is an even function. We present a method for computing
$F^{(g)}$ in the case that $V$ is not an even function. Our method is based on
the string equations, and yields "valence independent" formulas which do not
depend explicitly on the potential. We introduce a family of differential
operators, the "string polynomials", which make clear the valence independent
nature of the string equations.Comment: 32 pages, 1 figur
Beam Dump Experiment at Future Electron-Positron Colliders

We propose a new beam dump experiment at future colliders with electron
($e^-$) and positron ($e^+$) beams, BDee, which will provide a new possibility
to search for hidden particles, like hidden photon. If a particle detector is
installed behind the beam dump, it can detect the signal of in-flight decay of
the hidden particles produced by the scatterings of $e^\pm$ beams off materials
for dumping. We show that, compared to past experiments, BDee (in particular
BDee at $e^+e^-$ linear collider) significantly enlarges the parameter region
where the signal of the hidden particle can be discovered.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Pleistocene till provenance in east Yorkshire : Reconstructing ice flow of the British North Sea Lobe

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pgeola.2014.12.002The ice flow path and dynamic behaviour of the British-Irish Ice Sheet has been subject to renewed interest and controversy in recent years. Early studies in eastern England argued for interaction with Fennoscandian ice onshore in Britain, instigating re-examination of the sedimentology and provenance of many Pleistocene till successions. These studies instead supported an exclusively British provenance, and are used to predict southward advance of a broadly coast-parallel North Sea Lobe. Quantitative lithological and palynological analysis of the Pleistocene till succession in Holderness, East Yorkshire, however, remains to be carried out. We examined the lithologically diverse Skipsea Till in order to reconstruct ice flow pathways to the Holderness coast during the Pleistocene, thereby constraining which areas of substrate were subglacially eroded and entrained prior to deposition. The till yields a diverse range of soft, low-durability and uniquely British allochthonous material, including Permian Magnesian Limestone, Carboniferous limestone and coal, and Carboniferous pollen and spore assemblages that would be unlikely to survive polyphase reworking. Ice extended southwards through southern Scotland, incorporating material in north-east England, north-east Yorkshire and the western margin of the North Sea Basin (NSB), supporting a recurrent ice flow pathway for the eastern margin of the British-Irish Ice Sheet during the Mid to Late Pleistocene.authorsversionPeer reviewe
First NuSTAR observations of MRK 501 within a radio to TeV multi-instrument capaign

We report on simultaneous broadband observations of the TeV-emitting blazar Markarian 501 between 2013 April 1 and August 10, including the first detailed characterization of the synchrotron peak with Swift and NuSTAR. During the campaign, the nearby BL Lac object was observed in both a quiescent and an elevated state. The broadband campaign includes observations with NuSTAR, MAGIC, VERITAS, the Fermi Large Area Telescope, Swift X-ray Telescope and UV Optical Telescope, various ground-based optical instruments, including the GASPWEBT program, as well as radio observations by OVRO, Metsähovi, and the F-Gamma consortium. Some of the MAGIC observations were affected by a sand layer from the Saharan desert, and had to be corrected using eventby-event corrections derived with a Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) facility. This is the first time that LIDAR information is used to produce a physics result with Cherenkov Telescope data taken during adverse atmospheric conditions, and hence sets a precedent for the current and future ground-based gamma-ray instruments. The NuSTAR instrument provides unprecedented sensitivity in hard X-rays, showing the source to display a spectral energy distribution (SED) between 3 and 79 keV consistent with a log-parabolic spectrum and hard X-ray variability on hour timescales. None (of the four extended NuSTAR observations) show evidence of the onset of inverse-Compton emission at hard X-ray energies. We apply a single-zone equilibrium synchrotron selfCompton (SSC) model to five simultaneous broadband SEDs. We find that the SSC model can reproduce the observed broadband states through a decrease in the magnetic field strength coinciding with an increase in the luminosity and hardness of the relativistic leptons responsible for the high-energy emission
On the origin of lopsidedness in galaxies as determined from the Spitzer srvey of stellar structure in galaxies(S^(4)G)

We study the m = 1 distortions (lopsidedness) in the stellar components of 167 nearby galaxies that span a wide range of morphologies and luminosities. We confirm the previous findings of (1) a high incidence of lopsidedness in the stellar distributions, (2) increasing lopsidedness as a function of radius out to at least 3.5 exponential scale lengths, and (3) greater lopsidedness, over these radii, for galaxies of later type and lower surface brightness. Additionally, the magnitude of the lopsidedness (1) correlates with the character of the spiral arms (stronger arm patterns occur in galaxies with less lopsidedness), (2) is not correlated with the presence or absence of a bar, or the strength of the bar when one is present, (3) is inversely correlated to the stellar mass fraction, f_*, within one radial scale length, and (4) correlates directly with f_* measured within the radial range over which we measure lopsidedness. We interpret these findings to mean that lopsidedness is a generic feature of galaxies and does not, generally, depend on a rare event, such as a direct accretion of a satellite galaxy onto the disk of the parent galaxy. While lopsidedness may be caused by several phenomena, moderate lopsidedness (< A_1 >_i + < A_1>_o)/2 < 0.3) is likely to reflect halo asymmetries to which the disk responds or a gravitationally self-generated mode. We hypothesize that the magnitude of the stellar response depends both on how centrally concentrated the stars are with respect to the dark matter and whether there are enough stars in the region of the lopsidedness that self-gravity is dynamically important
‘Looting marks’ in space-borne SAR imagery: measuring rates of archaeological looting in Apamea (Syria) with TerraSAR-X Staring Spotlight

In archaeological remote sensing, space-borne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has not been used so far to monitor ‘looting’ (i.e. illegal excavations in heritage sites) mainly because of the spatial resolution of SAR images, typically not comparable to the ground dimensions of looting features. This paper explores the potential of the new TerraSAR-X beam mode Staring Spotlight (ST) to investigate looting within a workflow of radar backscattering change detection. A bespoke time series of five single polarisation, ascending mode, ST scenes with an unprecedented azimuth resolution of 0.24 m was acquired over the archaeological site of Apamea in western Syria, from October 2014 to June 2015 with a regular sampling of one image every two months. Formerly included in the Tentative List of UNESCO, the site has been heavily looted from at least early 2012 to May 2014, as confirmed by Google Earth Very High Resolution (VHR) optical imagery. Building upon the theory of SAR imaging, we develop a novel conceptual model of ‘looting marks’, identify marks due to occurrence of new looting and discriminate them from alteration (e.g. filling) of pre-existing looting holes. ‘Looting marks’ appear as distinctive patterns of shadow and layover which are visible in the ground-range reprojected ST image and generated by the morphology of the holes. The recognition of looting marks within ratio maps of radar backscatter (σ0) between consecutive ST scenes allows quantification of the magnitude, spatial distribution and rates of looting activities. In agreement with the estimates based on Google Earth imagery, the ST acquired in October 2014 shows that ~ 45% of the site was looted. In the following eight months new looting happened locally, with holes mainly dug along the margins of the already looted areas. Texture values of ~ 0.31 clearly distinguish these holes from the unaltered, bare ground nearby. Hot spots of change are identified based on the temporal variability of σ0, and colour composites indicate where repeated looting and alteration of existing holes occurred. Most looting marks are observed north of the two main Roman decumani. Looting intensified almost steadily from December 2014, with over 1500 new marks in February–April 2015. The estimated rates of looting increased from 214 looting marks/month in October–December 2014 to over 780 marks/month in April–June 2015, and numerically express the dynamic nature of the phenomenon to which Apamea is still exposed. The method of identifying looting marks in VHR radar images therefore proves a reliable opportunity for archaeologists and image analysts to measure remotely the scale of looting and monitor its temporal evolution
Study of hadronic event-shape variables in multijet final states in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Event-shape variables, which are sensitive to perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of quantum chromodynamic (QCD) interactions, are studied in multijet events recorded in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV. Events are selected with at least one jet with transverse momentum pt > 110 GeV and pseudorapidity abs(eta) < 2.4, in a data sample corresponding to integrated luminosities of up to 5 inverse femtobarns. The distributions of five event-shape variables in various leading jet pt ranges are compared to predictions from different QCD Monte Carlo event generators
Farming does not necessarily conflict with\ud
tree diversity in the mid-Zambezi valley,\ud
Zimbabwe

We tested whether cultivation and fallowing\ud
have any significant effect on tree species\ud
diversity and dominance in semi-arid Zimbabwe. To\ud
this end, we quantified tree species diversity and\ud
physiognomy on two soil types (mutapo and bandati)\ud
stratified into three land-use categories, i.e., cultivated\ud
land, fallow land and woodland. Results showed that\ud
tree species diversity was significantly different on the\ud
two soil types. Tree species diversity was high on\ud
bandati soil and low on mutapo soil. Results also\ud
showed that there was significant difference in tree\ud
species diversity among the three land-use categories\ud
on mutapo soil but no differences on bandati soil.\ud
Pairwise comparisons revealed significant differences\ud
in species diversity between paired categories on\ud
mutapo soil but no significant differences on bandati\ud
soil. Tree physiognomy was significantly different\ud
among all three land use categories. Colophospermum\ud
mopane and Diospyros kirkii were the dominant\ud
species within woodlands, while Acacia tortilis subsp.\ud
spirocarpa replaced them as the dominant species\ud
within the fallow land category. These results indicate\ud
that woodland conversion for cultivation purposes has\ud
no immediate significant effect on tree species diversity\ud
on bandati soil, while it has a pronounced effect\ud
on mutapo soil, at least in the short term.\ud
Keywords Cultivation � Fallowing � Physiognomy �\ud
Species dominance � Woodlan
Deviation from bimaximal mixing and leptonic CP phases in S 4 family symmetry and generalized CP

The lepton flavor mixing matrix having one row or one column in common with the bimaximal mixing up to permutations is still compatible with the present neutrino oscillation data. We provide a thorough exploration of generating such a mixing matrix from S 4 family symmetry and generalized CP symmetry H CP . Supposing that S 4 ⋊ H CP is broken down to Z 2 S T 2 S U × H C P ν $$ {Z}_2^{S{T}^2SU}\times {H}_{\mathrm{CP}}^{\nu } $$ in the neutrino sector and Z 4 T S T 2 U ⋊ H C P l $$ {Z}_4^{TS{T}^2U}\rtimes {H}_{\mathrm{CP}}^l $$ in the charged lepton sector, one column of the PMNS matrix would be of the form 1 / 2 , 1 / 2 , 1 / 2 T $$ {\left(1/2,1/\sqrt{2},1/2\right)}^T $$ up to permutations, both Dirac CP phase and Majorana CP phases are trivial to accommodate the observed lepton mixing angles. The phenomenological implications of the remnant symmetry K 4 T S T 2 , T 2 U × H C P ν $$ {K}_4^{\left(TS{T}^2,{T}^2U\right)}\times {H}_{\mathrm{CP}}^{\nu } $$ in the neutrino sector and Z 2 SU  ×  H CP l in the charged lepton sector are studied. One row of PMNS matrix is determined to be 1 / 2 , 1 / 2 , − i / 2 $$ \left(1/2,1/2,-i/\sqrt{2}\right) $$ , and all the three leptonic CP phases can only be trivial to fit the measured values of the mixing angles. Two models based on S 4 family symmetry and generalized CP are constructed to implement these model independent predictions enforced by remnant symmetry. The correct mass hierarchy among the charged leptons is achieved. The vacuum alignment and higher order corrections are discussed
Linear-scaling time-dependent density-functional theory beyond the Tamm-Dancoff approximation: Obtaining efficiency and accuracy with in situ optimised local orbitals

We present a solution of the full time-dependent density-functional theory (TDDFT) eigenvalue equation in the linear response formalism exhibiting a linear-scaling computational complexity with system size, without relying on the simplifying Tamm-Dancoff approximation (TDA). The implementation relies on representing the occupied and unoccupied subspaces with two different sets of in situ optimised localised functions, yielding a very compact and efficient representation of the transition density matrix of the excitation with the accuracy associated with a systematic basis set. The TDDFT eigenvalue equation is solved using a preconditioned conjugate gradient algorithm that is very memory-efficient. The algorithm is validated on a small test molecule and a good agreement with results obtained from standard quantum chemistry packages is found, with the preconditioner yielding a significant improvement in convergence rates. The method developed in this work is then used to reproduce experimental results of the absorptionspectrum of bacteriochlorophyll in an organic solvent, where it is demonstrated that the TDA fails to reproduce the main features of the low energyspectrum, while the full TDDFT equation yields results in good qualitative agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, the need for explicitly including parts of the solvent into the TDDFT calculations is highlighted, making the treatment of large system sizes necessary that are well within reach of the capabilities of the algorithm introduced here. Finally, the linear-scaling properties of the algorithm are demonstrated by computing the lowest excitation energy of bacteriochlorophyll in solution. The largest systems considered in this work are of the same order of magnitude as a variety of widely studied pigment-protein complexes, opening up the possibility of studying their properties without having to resort to any semiclassical approximations to parts of the protein environment.T.J.Z. acknowledges the support of EPSRC under Grant No. EP/J017639/1 and the ARCHER eCSE programme. M.C.P. and P.D.H. acknowledge the support of EPSRC under Grant No. EP/J015059/1. The underlying data of this publication can be accessed via the following persistent URI: https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251293This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from AIP via http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.493628
The impact of alcohol consumption on patterns of union formation in Russia 1998–2010: an assessment using longitudinal data

Using data from the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Survey, 1998–2010, we investigated the extent to which patterns of alcohol consumption in Russia are associated with the subsequent likelihood of entry into cohabitation and marriage. Using discrete-time event history analysis we estimated for 16–50 year olds the extent to which the probabilities of entry into the two types of union were affected by the amount of alcohol drunk and the pattern of drinking, adjusted to allow for social and demographic factors including income, employment, and health. The results show that individuals who did not drink alcohol were less likely to embark on either cohabitation or marriage, that frequent consumption of alcohol was associated with a greater chance of entering unmarried cohabitation than of entering into a marriage, and that heavy drinkers were less likely to convert their relationship from cohabitation to marriage
Search for signatures of magnetically-induced alignment in the arrival directions measured by the Pierre Auger Observatory

We present the results of an analysis of data recorded at the Pierre Auger Observatory in which we search for groups of directionally-aligned events (or ‘multiplets’) which exhibit a correlation between arrival direction and the inverse of the energy. These signatures are expected from sets of events coming from the same source after having been deflected by intervening coherent magnetic fields. The observation of several events from the same source would open the possibility to accurately reconstruct the position of the source and also measure the integral of the component of the magnetic field orthogonal to the trajectory of the cosmic rays. We describe the largest multiplets found and compute the probability that they appeared by chance from an isotropic distribution. We find no statistically significant evidence for the presence of multiplets arising from magnetic deflections in the present data.CNPqFINEPFAPESPFAPERJMCTEntre outra
Psychological stress activates a dorsomedial hypothalamus-medullary raphe circuit driving brown adipose tissue thermogenesis and hyperthermia.

心理ストレスを受けたときに体温を上昇させる脳神経回路を解明 -ストレス疾患の発症機構の解明に期待- 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-06-27.Psychological stress-induced hyperthermia (PSH) is a fundamental autonomic stress response observed in many mammalian species. Here we show a hypothalamomedullary, glutamatergic neural pathway for psychological stress signaling that drives the sympathetic thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) that contributes to PSH. Using in vivo drug nanoinjections into rat brain and thermotelemetry, we demonstrate that the rostral medullary raphe region (rMR) and dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) mediate a psychosocial stress-induced thermogenesis in BAT and PSH. Functional neuroanatomy indicates that the DMH functions as a hub for stress signaling, with monosynaptic projections to the rMR for sympathetic outputs and to the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus for neuroendocrine outputs. Optogenetic experiments showed that the DMH-rMR monosynaptic pathway drives BAT thermogenesis and cardiovascular responses. These findings make an important contribution to our understanding of the central autonomic circuitries linking stress coping with energy homeostasis-potentially underlying the etiology of psychogenic fever, a major psychosomatic symptom
The XMM-Newton bright serendipitous survey - Identification and optical spectral properties

Aims.We present the optical classification and redshift of 348 X-ray selected sources from the XMM-Newton Bright Serendipitous Survey (XBS), which contains a total of 400 objects (identification level = 87%). About 240 are new identifications. In particular, we discuss in detail the classification criteria adopted for the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) population.\ud
Methods.By means of systematic spectroscopic campaigns using various telescopes and through the literature search, we have collected an optical spectrum for the large majority of the sources in the XBS survey and applied a well-defined classification "flow chart".\ud
Results.We find that the AGNs represent the most numerous population at the flux limit of the XBS survey (~10-13 erg cm-2 s-1) constituting 80% of the XBS sources selected in the 0.5-4.5 keV energy band and 95% of the "hard" (4.5-7.5 keV) selected objects. Galactic sources populate the 0.5-4.5 keV sample significantly (17%) and only marginally (3%) the 4.5-7.5 keV sample. The remaining sources in both samples are clusters/groups of galaxies and normal galaxies (i.e. probably not powered by an AGN). Furthermore, the percentage of type 2 AGNs (i.e. optically absorbed AGNs with $A_{\rm V}>2$ mag) dramatically increases going from the 0.5-4.5 keV sample ( $f=N_{\rm AGN 2}/N_{\rm AGN}=7$%) to the 4.5-7.5 keV sample (f=32%). We finally propose two simple diagnostic plots that can be easily used to obtain the spectral classification for relatively low-redshift AGNs even if the quality of the spectrum is not good.Peer-reviewedPublisher Version4359
The ‘Abject’ Single: Exploring the Gendered Experience of Singleness in Britain

This paper explores the gendered experience of singleness in Britain through a theoretical and empirical understanding of the abject. Drawing on the writings of Judith Butler, we argue that singleness is culturally pathologised as an abject ‘other’, a liminal state which renders the legitimation of the single subject unintelligible. Through 14 active interviews with British singles, we demonstrate how our participants negotiate their marginal status vis-à-vis the marketplace and the broader society that continue to uphold heterosexual partnership as a normative form of intimacy. Our data uncovers persistent and powerful gender stereotypes of how singles ought to organise their lives and conform both to social, as well as market-driven pressures. We therefore highlight research gaps in the experience of singleness and critique the heteronormative framework that remains dominant, yet concealed, in gender research.Peer-reviewedPost-prin