pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A non-planar two-loop three-point function beyond multiple
  polylogarithms

We consider the analytic calculation of a two-loop non-planar three-point
function which contributes to the two-loop amplitudes for $t \bar{t}$
production and $\gamma \gamma$ production in gluon fusion through a massive
top-quark loop. All subtopology integrals can be written in terms of multiple
polylogarithms over an irrational alphabet and we employ a new method for the
integration of the differential equations which does not rely on the
rationalization of the latter. The top topology integrals, instead, in spite of
the absence of a massive three-particle cut, cannot be evaluated in terms of
multiple polylogarithms and require the introduction of integrals over complete
elliptic integrals and polylogarithms. We provide one-fold integral
representations for the solutions and continue them analytically to all
relevant regions of the phase space in terms of real function, extracting all
imaginary parts explicitly. The numerical evaluation of our expressions becomes
straightforward in this way.Comment: 27 pages, 1 figure, 1 ancillary fil
Phase Transitions, Inhomogeneous Horizons and Second-Order Hydrodynamics

We use holography to study the spinodal instability of a four-dimensional,
strongly-coupled gauge theory with a first-order thermal phase transition. We
place the theory on a cylinder in a set of homogeneous, unstable initial
states. The dual gravity configurations are black branes afflicted by a
Gregory-Laflamme instability. We numerically evolve Einstein's equations to
follow the instability until the system settles down to a stationary,
inhomogeneous black brane. The dual gauge theory states have constant
temperature but non-constant energy density. We show that the time evolution of
the instability and the final states are accurately described by second-order
hydrodynamics. In the static limit, the latter reduces to a single,
second-order, non-linear differential equation from which the inhomogeneous
final states can be derived.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures. Matches published version in JHE
Unusual square roots in the ghost-free theory of massive gravity

A crucial building block of the ghost free massive gravity is the square root
function of a matrix. This is a problematic entity from the viewpoint of
existence and uniqueness properties. We accurately describe the freedom of
choosing a square root of a (non-degenerate) matrix. It has discrete and (in
special cases) continuous parts. When continuous freedom is present, the usual
perturbation theory in terms of matrices can be critically ill defined for some
choices of the square root. We consider the new formulation of massive and
bimetric gravity which deals directly with eigenvalues (in disguise of
elementary symmetric polynomials) instead of matrices. It allows for a
meaningful discussion of perturbation theory in such cases, even though certain
non-analytic features arise.Comment: 24 pages; minor changes, final versio
A complexity/fidelity susceptibility g-theorem for AdS$_3$/BCFT$_2$

We use a recently proposed holographic Kondo model as a well-understood
example of AdS/boundary CFT (BCFT) duality, and show explicitly that in this
model the bulk volume decreases along the RG flow. We then obtain a proof that
this volume loss is indeed a generic feature of AdS/BCFT models of the type
proposed by Takayanagi in 2011. According to recent proposals holographically
relating bulk volume to such quantities as complexity or fidelity
susceptibility in the dual field theory, this suggests the existence of a
complexity or fidelity susceptibility analogue of the Affleck-Ludwig g-theorem,
which famously states the decrease of boundary entropy along the RG flow of a
BCFT. We comment on this possibility.Comment: 24 pages, 4 figures v2: added citations and minor clarification
Onset of superradiant instabilities in rotating spacetimes of exotic
  compact objects

Exotic compact objects, horizonless spacetimes with reflective properties,
have intriguingly been suggested by some quantum-gravity models as alternatives
to classical black-hole spacetimes. A remarkable feature of spinning
horizonless compact objects with reflective boundary conditions is the
existence of a {\it discrete} set of critical surface radii,
$\{r_{\text{c}}({\bar a};n)\}^{n=\infty}_{n=1}$, which can support spatially
regular static ({\it marginally-stable}) scalar field configurations (here
${\bar a}\equiv J/M^2$ is the dimensionless angular momentum of the exotic
compact object). Interestingly, the outermost critical radius
$r^{\text{max}}_{\text{c}}\equiv \text{max}_n\{r_{\text{c}}({\bar a};n)\}$
marks the boundary between stable and unstable exotic compact objects: spinning
objects whose reflecting surfaces are situated in the region
$r_{\text{c}}>r^{\text{max}}_{\text{c}}({\bar a})$ are stable, whereas spinning
objects whose reflecting surfaces are situated in the region
$r_{\text{c}}<r^{\text{max}}_{\text{c}}({\bar a})$ are superradiantly unstable
to scalar perturbation modes. In the present paper we use analytical techniques
in order to explore the physical properties of the critical (marginally-stable)
spinning exotic compact objects. In particular, we derive a remarkably compact
{\it analytical} formula for the discrete spectrum
$\{r^{\text{max}}_{\text{c}}({\bar a})\}$ of critical radii which characterize
the marginally-stable exotic compact objects. We explicitly demonstrate that
the analytically derived resonance spectrum agrees remarkably well with
numerical results that recently appeared in the physics literature.Comment: 9 page
Understanding the Cancelation of Double Poles in the Pfaffian of
  CHY-formulism

For a physical field theory, the tree-level amplitudes should possess only
single poles. However, when computing amplitudes with Cachazo-He-Yuan (CHY)
formulation, individual terms in the intermediate steps will contribute
higher-order poles. In this paper, we investigate the cancelation of
higher-order poles in CHY formula with Pfaffian as the building block. We
develop a diagrammatic rule for expanding the reduced Pfaffian. Then by
organizing diagrams in appropriate groups and applying the cross-ratio
identities, we show that all potential contributions to higher-order poles in
the reduced Pfaffian are canceled out, i.e., only single poles survive in
Yang-Mills theory and gravity. Furthermore, we show the cancelations of
higher-order poles in other field theories by introducing appropriate
truncations, based on the single pole structure of Pfaffian.Comment: 30 pages,6 figures,1 table, footnote adde
Three dimensional canonical singularity and five dimensional N=1 SCFT

We conjecture that every three dimensional canonical singularity defines a
five dimensional N=1 SCFT. Flavor symmetry can be found from singularity
structure: non-abelian flavor symmetry is read from the singularity type over
one dimensional singular locus. The dimension of Coulomb branch is given by the
number of compact crepant divisors from a crepant resolution of singularity.
The detailed structure of Coulomb branch is described as follows: a): A chamber
of Coulomb branch is described by a crepant resolution, and this chamber is
given by its Nef cone and the prepotential is computed from triple intersection
numbers; b): Crepant resolution is not unique and different resolutions are
related by flops; Nef cones from crepant resolutions form a fan which is
claimed to be the full Coulomb branch.Comment: 35 pages, 17 figure
Updated Global 3+1 Analysis of Short-BaseLine Neutrino Oscillations

We present the results of an updated fit of short-baseline neutrino
oscillation data in the framework of 3+1 active-sterile neutrino mixing. We
first consider $\nu_e$ and $\bar\nu_e$ disappearance in the light of the
Gallium and reactor anomalies. We discuss the implications of the recent
measurement of the reactor $\bar\nu_e$ spectrum in the NEOS experiment, which
shifts the allowed regions of the parameter space towards smaller values of
$|U_{e4}|^2$. The beta-decay constraints allow us to limit the oscillation
length between about 2 cm and 7 m at $3\sigma$ for neutrinos with an energy of
1 MeV. We then consider the global fit of the data in the light of the LSND
anomaly, taking into account the constraints from $\nu_e$ and $\nu_\mu$
disappearance experiments, including the recent data of the MINOS and IceCube
experiments. The combination of the NEOS constraints on $|U_{e4}|^2$ and the
MINOS and IceCube constraints on $|U_{\mu4}|^2$ lead to an unacceptable
appearance-disappearance tension which becomes tolerable only in a pragmatic
fit which neglects the MiniBooNE low-energy anomaly. The minimization of the
global $\chi^2$ in the space of the four mixing parameters $\Delta{m}^2_{41}$,
$|U_{e4}|^2$, $|U_{\mu4}|^2$, and $|U_{\tau4}|^2$ leads to three allowed
regions with narrow $\Delta{m}^{2}_{41}$ widths at $ \Delta m^2_{41} \approx
1.7 $ (best-fit), 1.3 (at $2\sigma$), 2.4 (at $3\sigma$) eV$^2$. The
restrictions of the allowed regions of the mixing parameters with respect to
our previous global fits are mainly due to the NEOS constraints. We present a
comparison of the allowed regions of the mixing parameters with the
sensitivities of ongoing experiments, which show that it is likely that these
experiments will determine in a definitive way if the reactor, Gallium and LSND
anomalies are due to active-sterile neutrino oscillations or not.Comment: 39 pages; improved treatment of the reactor flux uncertainties and
  other minor correction
M-theory Superstrata and the MSW String

The low-energy description of wrapped M5 branes in compactifications of
M-theory on a Calabi-Yau threefold times a circle is given by a conformal field
theory studied by Maldacena, Strominger and Witten and known as the MSW CFT.
Taking the threefold to be T$^6$ or K3xT$^2$, we construct a map between a
sub-sector of this CFT and a sub-sector of the D1-D5 CFT. We demonstrate this
map by considering a set of D1-D5 CFT states that have smooth horizonless bulk
duals, and explicitly constructing the supergravity solutions dual to the
corresponding states of the MSW CFT. We thus obtain the largest known class of
solutions dual to MSW CFT microstates, and demonstrate that five-dimensional
ungauged supergravity admits much larger families of smooth horizonless
solutions than previously known.Comment: 48 pages, v2: typos corrected, references adde
Higgs Boson Decays to Dark Photons through the Vectorized Lepton Portal

Vector-like fermions charged under both the Standard Model and a new dark
gauge group arise in many theories of new physics. If these fermions include an
electroweak doublet and singlet with equal dark charges, they can potentially
connect to the Higgs field through a Yukawa coupling in analogy to the standard
neutrino portal. With such a coupling, fermion loops generate exotic decays of
the Higgs boson to one or more dark vector bosons. In this work we study a
minimal realization of this scenario with an Abelian dark group. We investigate
the potential new Higgs decays modes, we compute their rates, and we study the
prospects for observing them at the Large Hadron Collider and beyond given the
other experimental constraints on the theory. We also discuss extensions of the
theory to non-Abelian dark groups.Comment: 32 pages, 5 figures, updated to match JHEP versio
Wilsonian renormalisation of CFT correlation functions: Field theory

We examine the precise connection between the exact renormalisation group
with local couplings and the renormalisation of correlation functions of
composite operators in scale-invariant theories. A geometric description of
theory space allows us to select convenient non-linear parametrisations that
serve different purposes. First, we identify normal parameters in which the
renormalisation group flows take their simplest form; normal correlators are
defined by functional differentiation with respect to these parameters. The
renormalised correlation functions are given by the continuum limit of
correlators associated to a cutoff-dependent parametrisation, which can be
related to the renormalisation group flows. The necessary linear and non-linear
counterterms in any arbitrary parametrisation arise in a natural way from a
change of coordinates. We show that, in a class of minimal subtraction schemes,
the renormalised correlators are exactly equal to normal correlators evaluated
at a finite cutoff. To illustrate the formalism and the main results, we
compare standard diagrammatic calculations in a scalar free-field theory with
the structure of the perturbative solutions to the Polchinski equation close to
the Gaussian fixed point.Comment: 40 pages, 2 figures. Minor changes and references added. Matches JHEP
  versio
The Light Composite Higgs in Strong Extended Technicolor

This paper extends an earlier one describing the Higgs boson $H$ as a light
composite scalar in a strong extended technicolor model of electroweak symmetry
breaking. The Higgs mass $M_H$ is made much smaller than $\Lambda_{ETC}$ by
tuning the ETC coupling very close to the critical value for electroweak
symmetry breaking. The technicolor interaction, neglected in the earlier paper,
is considered here. Its weakness relative to extended technicolor is essential
to understanding the lightness of $H$ compared to the low-lying spin-one
technihadrons. Technicolor cannot be completely ignored, but implementing
technigluon exchange together with strong extended technicolor appears
difficult. We propose a solution that turns out to leave the results of the
earlier paper essentially unchanged. An argument is then presented that masses
of the spin-one technifermion bound states, $\rho_H$ and $a_H$, are much larger
than $M_H$ and, plausibly, controlled by technicolor. Assuming $M_{\rho_H}$ and
$M_{a_H}$ are in the TeV-energy region, we identify $\rho_H$ and $a_H$ with the
diboson excesses observed near $2\,{\rm TeV}$ by ATLAS and CMS in LHC Run 1
data, and we discuss their phenomenology for Runs 2 and 3.Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures. Updated discussion of diboson resonance status
  in view of current Run 2 data. Version to be published in JHE
Probing the anomalous $\gamma\gamma\gamma Z$ coupling at the LHC with
  proton tagging

The sensitivities to the anomalous quartic gauge boson coupling
$\gamma\gamma\gamma Z$ are estimated via $\gamma Z$ production with intact
protons in the forward region at the LHC. Proton tagging proves to be a
powerful tool to suppress the background, which allows consideration of the
hadronic decays of the $Z$ boson in addition to the leptonic ones. We discuss
the discovery potential for an integrated luminosity of $300\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$
and $3000\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$. The sensitivity we obtain at
$300\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ goes beyond the one expected from LHC bounds on the
$Z\rightarrow \gamma\gamma\gamma$ decay by about three orders of magnitude. The
$\gamma Z$ channel provides important discriminatory information with respect
to the exclusive $\gamma\gamma$ channel, as many particles beyond the Standard
Model (such as a radion or Kaluza Klein gravitons) predict a signal in the
latter but not the former.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures. v2 matches journal versio
Feynman Rules for the Standard Model Effective Field Theory in
  $R_\xi$-gauges

We assume that New Physics effects are parametrized within the Standard Model
Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) written in a complete basis of gauge invariant
operators up to dimension 6, commonly referred to as "Warsaw basis". We discuss
all steps necessary to obtain a consistent transition to the spontaneously
broken theory and several other important aspects, including the
BRST-invariance of the SMEFT action for linear $R_\xi$-gauges. The final theory
is expressed in a basis characterized by SM-like propagators for all physical
and unphysical fields. The effect of the non-renormalizable operators appears
explicitly in triple or higher multiplicity vertices. In this mass basis we
derive the complete set of Feynman rules, without resorting to any simplifying
assumptions such as baryon-, lepton-number or CP conservation. As it turns out,
for most SMEFT vertices the expressions are reasonably short, with a noticeable
exception of those involving 4, 5 and 6 gluons. We have also supplemented our
set of Feynman rules, given in an appendix here, with a publicly available
Mathematica code working with the FeynRules package and producing output which
can be integrated with other symbolic algebra or numerical codes for automatic
SMEFT amplitude calculations.Comment: v4: 115 pages, corrected treatment of neutrino fields as massive
  Majorana spinors, supersedes version published in JHE
Seiberg-Witten geometries for Coulomb branch chiral rings which are not
  freely generated

Coulomb branch chiral rings of $\mathcal N=2$ SCFTs are conjectured to be
freely generated. While no counter-example is known, no direct evidence for the
conjecture is known either. We initiate a systematic study of SCFTs with
Coulomb branch chiral rings satisfying non-trivial relations, restricting our
analysis to rank 1. The main result of our study is that (rank-1) SCFTs with
non-freely generated CB chiral rings when deformed by relevant deformations,
always flow to theories with non-freely generated CB rings. This implies that
if they exist, they must thus form a distinct subset under RG flows. We also
find many interesting characteristic properties that these putative theories
satisfy which may behelpful in proving or disproving their existence using
other methods.Comment: 40 pages, 4 table
New Physics in multi-Higgs boson final states

We explore the potential for the discovery of the triple-Higgs signal in the
$2b2l^{\pm}4j+E\!\!\!/$ decay channel at a $100$ TeV hadron collider. We
consider both the Standard Model and generic new-physics contributions,
described by an effective Lagrangian that includes higher-dimensional
operators. The selected subset of operators is motivated by composite-Higgs and
Higgs-inflation models. In the Standard Model, we perform both a parton-level
and a detector-level analysis. Although the parton-level results are
encouraging, the detector-level results demonstrate that this mode will be
really challenging. However, sizable contributions from new effective operators
can largely increase the cross section and/or modify the kinematics of the
Higgs bosons in the final state. Taking into account the projected constraints
from single and double Higgs-boson production, we propose benchmark points in
the new physics models for the measurement of the triple-Higgs boson final
state for future collider projects.Comment: 47 pages, 19 figures, 19 tables, added references, improved text,
  corrected typo
Operator mixing in deformed D1D5 CFT and the OPE on the cover

We consider the D1D5 CFT near the orbifold point and develop methods for
computing the mixing of untwisted operators to first order by using the OPE on
the covering surface. We argue that the OPE on the cover encodes both the
structure constants for the orbifold CFT and the explicit form of the mixing
operators. We show this explicitly for some example operators. We start by
considering a family of operators dual to supergravity modes, and show that the
OPE implies that there is no shift in the anomalous dimension to first order,
as expected. We specialize to the operator dual to the dilaton, and show that
the leading order singularity in the OPE reproduces the correct structure
constant. Finally, we consider an unprotected operator of conformal dimension
(2,2), and show that the leading order singularity and one of the subleading
singularies both reproduce the correct structure constant. We check that the
operator produced at subleading order using the OPE method is correct by
calculating a number of three point functions using a Mathematica package we
developed. Further development of this OPE technique should lead to more
efficient calculations for the D1D5 CFT perturbed away from the orbifold point.Comment: 23 page
Isospin susceptibility in the O($n$) sigma-model in the delta-regime

We compute the isospin susceptibility in an effective O($n$) scalar field
theory (in $d=4$ dimensions), to third order in chiral perturbation theory
($\chi$PT) in the delta--regime using the quantum mechanical rotator picture.
This is done in the presence of an additional coupling, involving a parameter
$\eta$, describing the effect of a small explicit symmetry breaking term (quark
mass). For the chiral limit $\eta=0$ we demonstrate consistency with our
previous $\chi$PT computations of the finite-volume mass gap and isospin
susceptibility. For the massive case by computing the leading mass effect in
the susceptibility using $\chi$PT with dimensional regularization, we determine
the $\chi$PT expansion for $\eta$ to third order. The behavior of the shape
coefficients for long tube geometry obtained here might be of broader interest.
The susceptibility calculated from the rotator approximation differs from the
$\chi$PT result in terms vanishing like $1/\ell$ for $\ell=L_t/L_s\to\infty$.
We show that this deviation can be described by a correction to the rotator
spectrum proportional to the square of the quadratic Casimir invariant.Comment: 34 page
Pauli-Lubanski, Supertwistors, and the Superspinning Particle

We present a novel construction of the super-Pauli-Lubanski pseudo-vector for
4D supersymmetry and show how it arises naturally from the spin-shell
constraints in the supertwistor formulation of superparticle dynamics. We
illustrate this result in the context of a simple classical action for a
"superspinning particle" of superspin 1/2. We then use an Sl(2;K)-spinor
formalism for K=R,C,H to unify our 4D results with previous results for 3D and
6D (super)Pauli-Lubanski tensors.Comment: 23 pp. v4 is a modification of the rewritten v3 to include
  clarifications and additional references of the published versio
Landau Singularities from the Amplituhedron

We propose a simple geometric algorithm for determining the complete set of
branch points of amplitudes in planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory directly from
the amplituhedron, without resorting to any particular representation in terms
of local Feynman integrals. This represents a step towards translating
integrands directly into integrals. In particular, the algorithm provides
information about the symbol alphabets of general amplitudes. We illustrate the
algorithm applied to the one- and two-loop MHV amplitudes.Comment: 34 pages, 16 figures; v2: minor corrections and improvement
Mass Gap without Confinement

We revisit a one-parameter family of three-dimensional gauge theories with
known supergravity duals. We show that three infrared behaviors are possible.
For generic values of the parameter, the theories exhibit a mass gap but no
confinement, meaning no linear quark-antiquark potential; for one limiting
value of the parameter the theory flows to an infrared fixed point; and for
another limiting value it exhibits both a mass gap and confinement. Theories
close to these limiting values exhibit quasi-conformal and quasi-confining
dynamics, respectively. Eleven-dimensional supergravity provides a simple,
geometric explanation of these features.Comment: 35 pages, 9 figure