pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The 0.1<z<1.65 evolution of the bright end of the [OII] luminosity
  function

We present the [OII] luminosity function measured in the redshift range
0.1<z<1.65 with unprecedented depth and accuracy. Our measurements are based on
medium resolution flux-calibrated spectra of emission line galaxies with the
FORS2 instrument at VLT and with the SDSS-III/BOSS spectrograph. The FORS2
spectra and the corresponding catalog containing redshifts and line fluxes are
released along with this paper.
  In this work we use a novel method to combine the aforementioned surveys with
GAMA, zCOSMOS and VVDS, which have different target selection, producing a
consistent weighting scheme to derive the [OII] luminosity function.
  The measured luminosity function is in good agreement with previous
independent estimates. The comparison with two state-of-the-art semi-analytical
models is good, which is encouraging for the production of mock catalogs of
[OII] flux limited surveys. We observe the bright end evolution over 8.5 Gyr:
we measure the decrease of log L* from 42.4 erg/s at redshift 1.44 to 41.2 at
redshift 0.165 and we find that the faint end slope flattens when redshift
decreases.
  This measurement confirms the feasibility of the target selection of future
baryonic acoustic oscillation surveys aiming at observing [OII] flux limited
samples.Comment: 24 pages, 18 Figures, submitte
Power law violation of the area law in quantum spin chains

The sub-volume scaling of the entanglement entropy with the system's size,
$n$, has been a subject of vigorous study in the last decade [1]. The area law
provably holds for gapped one dimensional systems [2] and it was believed to be
violated by at most a factor of $\log\left(n\right)$ in physically reasonable
models such as critical systems.
  In this paper, we generalize the spin$-1$ model of Bravyi et al [3] to all
integer spin-$s$ chains, whereby we introduce a class of exactly solvable
models that are physical and exhibit signatures of criticality, yet violate the
area law by a power law. The proposed Hamiltonian is local and translationally
invariant in the bulk. We prove that it is frustration free and has a unique
ground state. Moreover, we prove that the energy gap scales as $n^{-c}$, where
using the theory of Brownian excursions, we prove $c\ge2$. This rules out the
possibility of these models being described by a conformal field theory. We
analytically show that the Schmidt rank grows exponentially with $n$ and that
the half-chain entanglement entropy to the leading order scales as $\sqrt{n}$
(Eq. 16). Geometrically, the ground state is seen as a uniform superposition of
all $s-$colored Motzkin walks. Lastly, we introduce an external field which
allows us to remove the boundary terms yet retain the desired properties of the
model. Our techniques for obtaining the asymptotic form of the entanglement
entropy, the gap upper bound and the self-contained expositions of the
combinatorial techniques, more akin to lattice paths, may be of independent
interest.Comment: v3: 10+33 pages. In the PNAS publication, the abstract was rewritten
  and title changed to "Supercritical entanglement in local systems:
  Counterexample to the area law for quantum matter". The content is same
  otherwise. v2: a section was added with an external field to include a model
  with no boundary terms (open and closed chain). Asymptotic technique is
  improved. v1:37 pages, 10 figures. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, (Nov. 2016
Approximate N^3LO Higgs-boson production cross section using
  physical-kernel constraints

The single-logarithmic enhancement of the physical kernel for Higgs
production by gluon-gluon fusion in the heavy top-quark limit is employed to
derive the leading so far unknown contributions, ln^{5,4,3}(1-z), to the N^3LO
coefficient function in the threshold expansion. Also using knowledge from
Higgs-exchange DIS to estimate the remaining terms not vanishing for z =
m_H^2/s^hat -> 1, these results are combined with the recently completed soft +
virtual contributions to provide an uncertainty band for the complete N^3LO
correction. For the 2008 MSTW parton distributions these N^3LO contributions
increase the cross section at 14 TeV by (10 +- 2)% and (3 +- 2.5)% for the
standard choices mu_R = m_H and mu_R = m_H/2 of the renormalization scale. The
remaining uncertainty arising from the hard-scattering cross sections can be
quantified as no more than 5%, which is smaller than that due to the strong
coupling and the parton distributions.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figures. arXiv-dysfunctional LaTeX macro for beta_0
  replaced. Minor text changes with 3 new references. Version to appear in JHE
Locally Constrained Homomorphisms on Graphs of Bounded Treewidth and
  Bounded Degree

A homomorphism from a graph G to a graph H is locally bijective, surjective,
or injective if its restriction to the neighborhood of every vertex of G is
bijective, surjective, or injective, respectively. We prove that the problems
of testing whether a given graph G allows a homomorphism to a given graph H
that is locally bijective, surjective, or injective, respectively, are
NP-complete, even when G has pathwidth at most 5, 4, or 2, respectively, or
when both G and H have maximum degree 3. We complement these hardness results
by showing that the three problems are polynomial-time solvable if G has
bounded treewidth and in addition G or H has bounded maximum degree.Comment: An extended abstract of this paper appeared in the proceedings of FCT
  2013, LNCS 8070: 121-132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40164-0_1
Gaia-ESO Survey: The analysis of high-resolution UVES spectra of
  FGK-type stars

The Gaia-ESO Survey is obtaining high-quality spectroscopic data for about
10^5 stars using FLAMES at the VLT. UVES high-resolution spectra are being
collected for about 5000 FGK-type stars. These UVES spectra are analyzed in
parallel by several state-of-the-art methodologies. Our aim is to present how
these analyses were implemented, to discuss their results, and to describe how
a final recommended parameter scale is defined. We also discuss the precision
(method-to-method dispersion) and accuracy (biases with respect to the
reference values) of the final parameters. These results are part of the
Gaia-ESO 2nd internal release and will be part of its 1st public release of
advanced data products. The final parameter scale is tied to the one defined by
the Gaia benchmark stars, a set of stars with fundamental atmospheric
parameters. A set of open and globular clusters is used to evaluate the
physical soundness of the results. Each methodology is judged against the
benchmark stars to define weights in three different regions of the parameter
space. The final recommended results are the weighted-medians of those from the
individual methods. The recommended results successfully reproduce the
benchmark stars atmospheric parameters and the expected Teff-log g relation of
the calibrating clusters. Atmospheric parameters and abundances have been
determined for 1301 FGK-type stars observed with UVES. The median of the
method-to-method dispersion of the atmospheric parameters is 55 K for Teff,
0.13 dex for log g, and 0.07 dex for [Fe/H]. Systematic biases are estimated to
be between 50-100 K for Teff, 0.10-0.25 dex for log g, and 0.05-0.10 dex for
[Fe/H]. Abundances for 24 elements were derived: C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca,
Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Mo, Ba, Nd, and Eu. The typical
method-to-method dispersion of the abundances varies between 0.10 and 0.20 dex.Comment: 39 pages, A&A accepte
Unification of gauge couplings and the tau neutrino mass in Supergravity
  without R-parity

Minimal R-parity violating supergravity predicts a value for $alpha_s(M_Z)$
smaller than in the case with conserved R-parity, and therefore closer to the
experimental world average. We show that the R-parity violating effect on the
$alpha_s$ prediction comes from the larger two-loop b-quark Yukawa contribution
to the renormalization group evolution of the gauge couplings which
characterizes R-parity violating supergravity. The effect is correlated to the
tau neutrino mass and is sensitive to the initial conditions on the soft
supersymmetry breaking parameters at the unification scale. We show how a few
percent effect on $alpha_s(M_Z)$ may naturally occur even with tau neutrino
masses as small as indicated by the simplest neutrino oscillation
interpretation of the atmospheric neutrino data from Super-Kamiokande.Comment: Latex, 21 pages including 2 figure
Quantum and classical aspects of deformed c = 1 strings

The quantum and classical aspects of a deformed c=1 matrix model proposed by Jevicki and Yoneya are studied. String equations are formulated in the framework of Toda lattice hierarchy. The Whittaker functions now play the role of generalized Airy functions in c<1 strings. This matrix model has two distinct parameters. Identification of the string coupling constant is thereby not unique, and leads to several different perturbative interpretations of this model as a string theory. Two such possible interpretations are examined. In both cases, the classical limit of the string equations, which turns out to give a formal solution of Polchinski's scattering equations, shows that the classical scattering amplitudes of massless tachyons are insensitive to deformations of the parameters in the matrix model
Anyons with anomalous gyromagnetic ratio & the Hall effect

Letting the mass depend on the spin-field coupling as
$M^2=m^2-(eg/2c^2)F_{\alpha\beta}S^{\alpha\beta}$, we propose a new set of
relativistic planar equations of motion for spinning anyons. Our model can
accommodate any gyromagnetic ratio $g$ and provides us with a novel version of
the Bargmann-Michel-Telegdi equations in 2+1 dimensions. The system becomes
singular when the field takes a critical value, and, for $g\neq2$, the only
allowed motions are those which satisfy the Hall law. For each $g\neq2,0$ a
secondary Hall effect arises also for another critical value of the field. The
non-relativistic limit of our equations yields new models which generalize our
previous ``exotic'' model, associated with the two-fold central extension of
the planar Galilei group.Comment: The affiliation of the first author's Institution is presented in
  detail. LaTeX, 12 pages no figures. To appear in Phys. Lett.
On the distribution of the order and index of g(mod p) over residue
  classes III

For a fixed rational number g and integers a and d the sets N_g(a,d),
respectively R_g(a,d), of primes p for which the order, respectively the index
of g(mod p) is congruent to a(mod d), are considered.
  Under the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH), it was shown in part II that
these sets have a natural density. Here it is shown that these densities can be
expressed as linear combinations of certain constants introduced by Pappalardi.
  Furthermore it is proved that these densities equal their g-averages for
almost all g. It is also shown that if such a density does not equal its
g-average then it is close to it. Thus these quantities experience a strong
`pull' towards the g-average.Comment: 21 page
Uniform large deviations for the nonlinear Schrodinger equation with
  multiplicative noise

Uniform large deviations for the laws of the paths of the solutions of the
stochastic nonlinear Schrodinger equation when the noise converges to zero are
presented. The noise is a real multiplicative Gaussian noise. It is white in
time and colored in space. The path space considered allows blow-up and is
endowed with a topology analogue to a projective limit topology. Thus a large
variety of large deviation principle may be deduced by contraction. As a
consequence, asymptotics of the tails of the law of the blow-up time when the
noise converges to zero are obtained
Logarithmic speeds for one-dimensional perturbed random walk in random
  environment

We study the random walk in random environment on {0,1,2,...}, where the
environment is subject to a vanishing (random) perturbation. The two particular
cases we consider are: (i) random walk in random environment perturbed from
Sinai's regime; (ii) simple random walk with random perturbation. We give
almost sure results on how far the random walker will be from the origin after
a long time t, for almost every environment. We give both upper and lower
almost sure bounds. These bounds are of order $(\log t)^\beta$, for $\beta \in
(1,\infty)$, depending on the perturbation. In addition, in the ergodic cases,
we give results on the rate of decay of the stationary distribution.Comment: Revised versio
Cold asymmetrical fermion superfluids in nonperturbative renormalisation
  group

The application of the nonperturbative renormalisation group approach to a
system with two fermion species is studied. Assuming a simple ansatz for the
effective action with effective bosons, describing pairing effects we derive a
set of approximate flow equations for the effective coupling including boson
and fermionic fluctuations. The case of two fermions with different masses but
coinciding Fermi surfaces is considered.
  The phase transition to a phase with broken symmetry is found at a critical
value of the running scale. The large mass difference is found to disfavour the
formation of pairs.
  The mean-field results are recovered if the effects of boson loops are
omitted. While the boson fluctuation effects were found to be negligible for
large values of $p_{F} a$ they become increasingly important with decreasing
$p_{F} a$ thus making the mean field description less accurate.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, revte
High value information in engineering organisations

This article was published in the International Journal of Information Management [© Elsevier] and the definitive version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/02684012The management of information in engineering organizations is facing a particular challenge in\ud
the ever-increasing volume of information. It has been recognized that an effective methodology is\ud
required to evaluate information in order to avoid information overload and to retain the right\ud
information for reuse. By using, as a starting point, a number of the current tools and techniques\ud
which attempt to obtain ‘the value’ of information, it is proposed that an assessment or filter\ud
mechanism for information is needed to be developed. This paper addresses this issue firstly by\ud
briefly reviewing the information overload problem, the definition of value, and related research\ud
work on the value of information in various areas. Then a “characteristic” based framework of\ud
information evaluation is introduced using the key characteristics identified from related work as an\ud
example. A Bayesian Network diagram method is introduced to the framework to build the linkage\ud
between the characteristics and information value in order to quantitatively calculate the quality and\ud
value of information. The training and verification process for the model is then described using 60\ud
real engineering documents as a sample. The model gives a reasonable accurate result and the\ud
differences between the model calculation and training judgments are summarized as the potential\ud
causes are discussed. Finally several further the issues including the challenge of the framework and\ud
the implementations of this evaluation assessment method are raised
Cell Migration with Multiple Pseudopodia: Temporal and Spatial Sensing Models

Cell migration triggered by pseudopodia (or “false feet”) is the most used method of locomotion. A 3D finite element model of a cell migrating over a 2D substrate is proposed, with a particular focus on the mechanical aspects of the biological phenomenon. The decomposition of the deformation gradient is used to reproduce the cyclic phases of protrusion and contraction of the cell, which are tightly synchronized with the adhesion forces at the back and at the front of the cell, respectively. First, a steady active deformation is considered to show the ability of the cell to simultaneously initiate multiple pseudopodia. Here, randomness is considered as a key aspect, which controls both the direction and the amplitude of the false feet. Second, the migration process is described through two different strategies: the temporal and the spatial sensing models. In the temporal model, the cell “sniffs” the surroundings by extending several pseudopodia and only the one that receives a positive input will become the new leading edge, while the others retract. In the spatial model instead, the cell senses the external sources at different spots of the membrane and only protrudes one pseudopod in the direction of the most attractive one
Searches for supersymmetry using the MT2 variable in hadronic events
  produced in pp collisions at 8 TeV

Searches for supersymmetry (SUSY) are performed using a sample of hadronic
events produced in 8 TeV pp collisions at the CERN LHC. The searches are based
on the MT2 variable, which is a measure of the transverse momentum imbalance in
an event. The data were collected with the CMS detector and correspond to an
integrated luminosity of 19.5 inverse femtobarns. Two related searches are
performed. The first is an inclusive search based on signal regions defined by
the value of the MT2 variable, the hadronic energy in the event, the jet
multiplicity, and the number of jets identified as originating from bottom
quarks. The second is a search for a mass peak corresponding to a Higgs boson
decaying to a bottom quark-antiquark pair, where the Higgs boson is produced as
a decay product of a SUSY particle. For both searches, the principal
backgrounds are evaluated with data control samples. No significant excess over
the expected number of background events is observed, and exclusion limits on
various SUSY models are derived.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
On pseudo-hyperk\"ahler prepotentials

An explicit surjection from a set of (locally defined) unconstrained
holomorphic functions on a certain submanifold of (Sp_1(C) \times C^{4n}) onto
the set HK_{p,q} of local isometry classes of real analytic
pseudo-hyperk\"ahler metrics of signature (4p,4q) in dimension 4n is
constructed. The holomorphic functions, called prepotentials, are analogues of
K\"ahler potentials for K\"ahler metrics and provide a complete
parameterisation of HK_{p,q}. In particular, there exists a bijection between
HK_{p,q} and the set of equivalence classes of prepotentials. This affords the
explicit construction of pseudo-hyperk\"ahler metrics from specified
prepotentials. The construction generalises one due to Galperin, Ivanov,
Ogievetsky and Sokatchev. Their work is given a coordinate-free formulation and
complete, self-contained proofs are provided. An appendix provides a vital tool
for this construction: a reformulation of real analytic G-structures in terms
of holomorphic frame fields on complex manifolds.Comment: 53 pages; v2: minor amendments to Def.4.1 and Theorem 4.5; a
  paragraph inserted in the proof of the latter; V3: minor changes; V4: minor
  changes/ typos corrected for journal versio
Twist-3 Contributions in Semi-Inclusive DIS with Transversely Polarized
  Target

We study semi-inclusive DIS with a transversely polarized target in the
approach of collinear factorization. The effects related with the transverse
polarization are at twist-3. We derive the complete result of twist-3
contributions to the relevant hadronic tensor at leading order of $\alpha_s$,
and construct correspondingly experimental observables. Measuring these
observables will help to extract the twist-2 transversity distribution, twist-3
distributions and twist-3 fragmentation functions of the produced unpolarized
hadron. A detailed comparison with the approach of
transverse-momentum-dependent factorization is made.Comment: discussions and references are added. Published version in PL
Analytical Formulas of Molecular Ion Abundances and N2H+ Ring in
  Protoplanetary Disks

We investigate the chemistry of ion molecules in protoplanetary disks,
motivated by the detection of N$_2$H$^+$ ring around TW Hya. While the ring
inner radius coincides with the CO snow line, it is not apparent why N$_2$H$^+$
is abundant outside the CO snow line in spite of the similar sublimation
temperatures of CO and N$_2$. Using the full gas-grain network model, we
reproduced the N$_2$H$^+$ ring in a disk model with millimeter grains. The
chemical conversion of CO and N$_2$ to less volatile species (sink effect
hereinafter) is found to affect the N$_2$H$^+$ distribution. Since the
efficiency of the sink depends on various parameters such as activation
barriers of grain surface reactions, which are not well constrained, we also
constructed the no-sink model; the total (gas and ice) CO and N$_2$ abundances
are set constant, and their gaseous abundances are given by the balance between
adsorption and desorption. Abundances of molecular ions in the no-sink model
are calculated by analytical formulas, which are derived by analyzing the
full-network model. The N$_2$H$^+$ ring is reproduced by the no-sink model, as
well. The 2D (R-Z) distribution of N$_2$H$^+$, however, is different among the
full-network model and no-sink model. The column density of N$_2$H$^+$ in the
no-sink model depends sensitively on the desorption rate of CO and N$_2$, and
the flux of cosmic ray. We also found that N$_2$H$^+$ abundance can peak at the
temperature slightly below the CO sublimation, even if the desorption energies
of CO and N$_2$ are the same.Comment: accepted to Ap
The application of a novel fluidised photo reactor under UV-Visible and natural solar irradiation in the photocatalytic generation of hydrogen

With advancements in the development of visible light responsive catalysts for H2 production frequently being reported, photocatalytic water splitting has become an attractive method as a potential ‘solar fuel generator’. The development of novel photo reactors which can enhance the potential of such catalyst, however, is rarely reported. This is particularly important as many reactor configurations are mass transport limited, which in turn limits the efficiency of more effective photocatalysts in larger scale applications. This paper describes the performance of a novel fluidised photo reactor for the production of H2 over two catalysts under UV–Visible light and natural solar illumination. Catalysts Pt-C3N4 and NaTaO3·La were dispersed in the reactor and the rate of H2 was determined by GC-TCD analysis of the gas headspace. The unit was an annular reactor constructed from stainless steel 316 and quartz glass with a propeller located in the base to control fluidisation of powder catalysts. Reactor properties such as propeller rotational speed were found to enhance the photo activity of the system through the elimination of mass transport limitations and increasing light penetration. The optimum conditions for H2 evolution were found to be a propeller rotational speed of 1035 rpm and 144 W of UV–Visible irradiation, which produced a rate of 89 μmol h−1 g−1 over Pt-C3N4. Solar irradiation was provided by the George Ellery Hale Solar Telescope, located at the California Institute of Technology.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe