pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On non-local representations of the ageing algebra

The ageing algebra is a local dynamical symmetry of many ageing systems, far
from equilibrium, and with a dynamical exponent z=2. Here, new representations
for an integer dynamical exponent z=n are constructed, which act non-locally on
the physical scaling operators. The new mathematical mechanism which makes the
infinitesimal generators of the ageing algebra dynamical symmetries, is
explicitly discussed for a n-dependent family of linear equations of motion for
the order-parameter. Finite transformations are derived through the
exponentiation of the infinitesimal generators and it is proposed to interpret
them in terms of the transformation of distributions of spatio-temporal
coordinates. The two-point functions which transform co-variantly under the new
representations are computed, which quite distinct forms for n even and n odd.
Depending on the sign of the dimensionful mass parameter, the two-point scaling
functions either decay monotonously or in an oscillatory way towards zero.Comment: Latex2e, 17 pages, with 2 figure
Super exponential inflation from a dynamical foliation of a 5D vacuum
  state

We introduce super exponential inflation ($\omega < -1$) from a 5D
Riemann-flat canonical metric on which we make a dynamical foliation. The
resulting metric describes a super accelerated expansion for the early universe
well-known as super exponential inflation that, for very large times, tends to
an asymptotic de Sitter (vacuum dominated) expansion. The scalar field
fluctuations are analyzed. The important result here obtained is that the
spectral index for energy density fluctuations is not scale invariant, and for
cosmological scales becomes $n_s(k<k_*) \simeq 1$. However, for astrophysical
scales this spectrum changes to negative values $n_s(k>k_*) <0 $.Comment: Final version, to be published in Phys. Lett.
A New Comprehensive 2-D Model of the Point Spread Functions of the
  XMM-Newton EPIC Telescopes : Spurious Source Suppression and Improved
  Positional Accuracy

We describe here a new full 2-D parameterization of the PSFs of the three
XMM-Newton EPIC telescopes as a function of instrument, energy, off-axis angle
and azimuthal angle, covering the whole field-of-view of the three EPIC
detectors. It models the general PSF envelopes, the primary and secondary
spokes, their radial dependencies, and the large-scale azimuthal variations.
This PSF model has been constructed via the stacking and centering of a large
number of bright, but not significantly piled-up point sources from the full
field-of-view of each EPIC detector, and azimuthally filtering the resultant
PSF envelopes to form the spoke structures and the gross azimuthal shapes
observed. This PSF model is available for use within the XMM-Newton Science
Analysis System via the usage of Current Calibration Files XRTi_XPSF_0011.CCF
and later versions. Initial source-searching tests showed substantial
reductions in the numbers of spurious sources being detected in the wings of
bright point sources. Furthermore, we have uncovered a systematic error in the
previous PSF system, affecting the entire mission to date, whereby returned
source RA and Dec values are seen to vary sinusoidally about the true position
(amplitude ~0.8") with source azimuthal position. The new PSF system is now
available and is seen as a major improvement with regard to the detection of
spurious sources. The new PSF also largely removes the discovered astrometry
error and is seen to improve the positional accuracy of EPIC. The modular
nature of the PSF system allows for further refinements in the future.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A. 15 pages, 13 figures (some of
  reduced quality). A full-resolution version is available at
  http://www.star.le.ac.uk/~amr30/amr_PSFpaper.pd
NANTEN 12CO (J=1-0) observations around the star WR 55

Context: A complete study of the molecular and ionized gas in the environs of
the nebula RCW 78 around WR 55 is presented. Aims: The aim of this work is to
investigate the spatial distribution, physical characteristics, and kinematical
properties of the molecular gas linked to the galactic nebula RCW 78 to achieve
a better understanding of its interaction with the star and with the ionized
gas. Methods: This study was based on 12CO(1-0) fully sampled observations of a
region of ~0.45{\deg} in size around the star WR 55 and the nebula RCW 78
obtained with the 4-m NANTEN telescope, radio continuum archival data at 1.4
and 4.85 GHz, obtained from SGPS and PMNRAO Southern Radio Survey,
respectively, and available infrared MIPSGAL images at 24 microns. Results: A
molecular gas component in the velocity range from ~ -58 to -45 km s-1,
compatible with the velocity of the ionized gas, was found to be associated
with the optical nebula. Adopting a distance of ~ 5 kpc, the mass of this
molecular component is about 3.4 x 10^4 Msun. The analysis of the molecular
data revealed the presence of a velocity gradient, in agreement with the Halpha
line. New radiocontinuum flux density determinations confirm the thermal nature
of RCW 78. This indicates that the ionized gas in RCW 78 arises from
photoionization of the molecular gas component in the velocity range from -58
km s-1 to -45 km s-1. A molecular concentration at a velocity of -56.1 km s-1
(identified as C1) is very likely associated with the star HD 117797 and with a
collection of candidate YSOs, lying at a distance of 3.9 kpc, while the rest of
the molecular gas at velocities between -56 and -46 km s-1 constitute an
incomplete ring-like structure which expands around WR 55 at a velocity of
about ~ 5 km s-1. Mechanical energy and time requirements indicate that WR 55
is very capable of sustaining the expansion of the nebula.Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures.Accepted for publication in A&
Turbulence models of gravitational clustering

Large-scale structure formation can be modeled as a nonlinear process that
transfers energy from the largest scales to successively smaller scales until
it is dissipated, in analogy with Kolmogorov's cascade model of incompressible
turbulence. However, cosmic turbulence is very compressible, and vorticity
plays a secondary role in it. The simplest model of cosmic turbulence is the
adhesion model, which can be studied perturbatively or adapting to it
Kolmogorov's non-perturbative approach to incompressible turbulence. This
approach leads to observationally testable predictions, e.g., to the power-law
exponent of the matter density two-point correlation function.Comment: 5 pages; contribution to Spanish Relativity Meeting 2011; based on
  arXiv:1202.3011, with a brief discussion of relativistic aspect
Terahertz detection schemes based on sequential multi-photon absorption

We present modeling and simulation of prototypical multi bound state quantum
well infrared photodetectors and show that such a detection design may overcome
the problems arising when the operation frequency is pushed down into the far
infrared spectral region. In particular, after a simplified analysis on a
parabolic-potential design, we propose a fully three-dimensional model based on
a finite difference solution of the Boltzmann transport equation for realistic
potential profiles. The performances of the proposed simulated devices are
encouraging and support the idea that such design strategy may face the
well-known dark-current problem.Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Applied Physics Letter
A numerical study of wave-function and matrix-element statistics in the
  Anderson model of localization

We have calculated wave functions and matrix elements of the dipole operator
in the two- and three-dimensional Anderson model of localization and have
studied their statistical properties in the limit of weak disorder. In
particular, we have considered two cases. First, we have studied the
fluctuations as an external Aharonov-Bohm flux is varied. Second, we have
considered the influence of incipient localization. In both cases, the
statistical properties of the eigenfunctions are non-trivial, in that the joint
probability distribution function of eigenvalues and eigenvectors does no
longer factorize. We report on detailed comparisons with analytical results,
obtained within the non-linear sigma model and/or the semiclassical approach.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Proceedings PILS'98 in Ann. Physik
  Leibzig 199
Study of the fragmentation of b quarks into B mesons at the Z peak

The fragmentation of b quarks into B mesons is studied with four million
hadronic Z decays collected by the ALEPH experiment during the years 1991-1995.
A semi-exclusive reconstruction of B->l nu D(*) decays is performed, by
combining lepton candidates with fully reconstructed D(*) mesons while the
neutrino energy is estimated from the missing energy of the event. The mean
value of xewd, the energy of the weakly-decaying B meson normalised to the beam
energy, is found to be mxewd = 0.716 +- 0.006 (stat) +- 0.006 (syst) using a
model-independent method; the corresponding value for the energy of the leading
B meson is mxel = 0.736 +- 0.006 (stat) +- 0.006 (syst). The reconstructed
spectra are compared with different fragmentation models.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure
Flavour independent search for Higgs bosons decaying into hadronic final
  states in e+e- collisions

A search for the Higgsstrahlung process e+e- -> hZ is described, where the
neutral Higgs boson h is assumed to decay into hadronic final states. In order
to be sensitive to a broad range of models, the search is performed independent
of the flavour content of the Higgs boson decay. The analysis is based on e+e-
collision data collected by the OPAL detector at energies between 192 GeV and
209 GeV. The search does not reveal any significant excess over the Standard
Model background prediction. Results are combined with previous searches at
energies around 91 GeV and at 189 GeV. A limit is set on the product of the
cross-section and the hadronic branching ration of the Higgs boson, as a
function of the Higgs boson mass. Assuming the hZ coupling predicted by the
Standard Model, and a Higgs boson decaying only into hadronic final states, a
lower bound of 104 GeV/c2 is set on the mass at the 95% confidence level.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to Phys. Letts.
The role of F_L(x,Q^2) in parton analyses

We investigate the effect of the structure function F_L in global parton
analyses of deep inelastic and related hard scattering data. We perform NLO and
NNLO analyses which include the reduced cross section HERA data at high y, as
well as earlier direct measurements of F_L. We find that the NNLO analysis
gives a better description of F_L at low x than that performed at NLO.
Nevertheless the data show evidence of the need of further contributions to
F_L, which may be of higher-twist origin. We study such corrections both
phenomenologically and theoretically via a renormalon approach. The
higher-twist corrections extracted from a successful fit to the data are in
general agreement with the theoretical expectations, but there is still room
for alternative theoretical contributions, particularly at low x and Q^2. The
importance of future measurements of F_L is emphasized.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures attached as .ps files. Version to appear in Phys.
  Lett. B. Correction to typos and updating of reference
Quantum loops in radiative decays of the $a_1$ and $b_1$ axial-vector
  mesons

A previous model where the low-lying axial-vector mesons are dynamically
generated, implementing unitarity in coupled channels in the
vector-pseudoscalar ($VP$) meson interaction, is applied to evaluate the decay
widths of the a_1(1260)$ and $b_1(1235)$ axial-vector mesons into $\pi\gamma$.
Unlike the case of the $a_1$, the $b_1$ radiative decay is systematically
underestimated at tree level. In this work we evaluate for the first time the
loop contribution coming from an initial $VP$ vertex. Despite the large
superficial divergence of the loops, the convergence of the relevant loops can
be established by using arguments of gauge invariance. The partial decay widths
obtained agree very well with the experimental values within uncertainties, and
show that the loop contribution is crucial in the $b_1$ case and also important
for the $a_1$ case.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figurs Added extra discussio
Transiting planets from WASP-South, Euler and TRAPPIST: WASP-68 b,
  WASP-73 b and WASP-88 b, three hot Jupiters transiting evolved solar-type
  stars

We report the discovery by the WASP transit survey of three new hot Jupiters,
WASP-68 b, WASP-73 b and WASP-88 b. WASP-68 b has a mass of 0.95+-0.03 M_Jup, a
radius of 1.24-0.06+0.10 R_Jup, and orbits a V=10.7 G0-type star (1.24+-0.03
M_sun, 1.69-0.06+0.11 R_sun, T_eff=5911+-60 K) with a period of
5.084298+-0.000015 days. Its size is typical of hot Jupiters with similar
masses. WASP-73 b is significantly more massive (1.88-0.06+0.07 M_Jup) and
slightly larger (1.16-0.08+0.12 R_Jup) than Jupiter. It orbits a V=10.5 F9-type
star (1.34-0.04+0.05 M_sun, 2.07-0.08+0.19 R_sun, T_eff=6036+-120 K) every
4.08722+-0.00022 days. Despite its high irradiation (2.3 10^9 erg s^-1 cm^-2),
WASP-73 b has a high mean density (1.20-0.30+0.26 \rho_Jup) that suggests an
enrichment of the planet in heavy elements. WASP-88 b is a 0.56+-0.08 M_Jup
planet orbiting a V=11.4 F6-type star (1.45+-0.05 M_sun, 2.08-0.06+0.12 R_sun,
T_eff=6431+-130 K) with a period of 4.954000+-0.000019 days. With a radius of
1.70-0.07+0.13 R_Jup, it joins the handful of planets with super-inflated
radii. The ranges of ages we determine through stellar evolution modeling are
4.2-8.3 Gyr for WASP-68, 2.7-6.4 Gyr for WASP-73 and 1.8-5.3 Gyr for WASP-88.
WASP-73 appears to be a significantly evolved star, close to or already in the
subgiant phase. WASP-68 and WASP-88 are less evolved, although in an advanced
stage of core H-burning.Comment: Submitted to A&A. 13 pages, 9 figures, 8 table
Universality in the geometric dependence of Renyi entropy

We derive several new results for Renyi entropy, $S_n$, across generic
entangling surfaces. We establish a perturbative expansion of the Renyi
entropy, valid in generic quantum field theories, in deformations of a given
density matrix. When applied to even-dimensional conformal field theories,
these results lead to new constraints on the $n$-dependence, independent of any
perturbative expansion. In 4d CFTs, we show that the $n$-dependence of the
universal part of the ground state Renyi entropy for entangling surfaces with
vanishing extrinsic curvature contribution is in fact fully determined by the
Renyi entropy across a sphere in flat space. Using holography, we thus provide
the first computations of Renyi entropy across non-spherical entangling
surfaces in strongly coupled 4d CFTs. Furthermore, we address the possibility
that in a wide class of 4d CFTs, the flat space spherical Renyi entropy also
fixes the $n$-dependence of the extrinsic curvature contribution, and hence
that of arbitrary entangling surfaces. Our results have intriguing implications
for the structure of generic modular Hamiltonians.Comment: 38 pages + refs. v2: corrected typos, including results on
  negativity; extended arguments in Sec. 5.2 and App. C to non-planar N=4 SY
Precise QCD predictions for the production of Higgs+jet final states

We compute the cross section and differential distributions for the
production of a Standard Model Higgs boson in association with a hadronic jet
to next-to-next-to-leading order in quantum chromodynamics (QCD). In Higgs
boson studies at the LHC, final states containing one jet are a dominant
contribution to the total event rate, and their understanding is crucial for
improved determinations of the Higgs boson properties. We observe substantial
higher order corrections to transverse momentum spectra and rapidity
distributions in Higgs-plus-one-jet final states. Their inclusion stabilises
the residual theoretical uncertainty of the predictions around 9\%, thereby
providing important input to precision studies of the Higgs boson
The Herschel view of the dominant mode of galaxy growth from z=4 to the
  present day

We present an analysis of the deepest Herschel images in four major
extragalactic fields GOODS-North, GOODS-South, UDS and COSMOS obtained within
the GOODS-Herschel and CANDELS-Herschel key programs. The picture provided by
10497 individual far-infrared detections is supplemented by the stacking
analysis of a mass-complete sample of 62361 star-forming galaxies from the
CANDELS-HST H band-selected catalogs and from two deep ground-based Ks
band-selected catalogs in the GOODS-North and the COSMOS-wide fields, in order
to obtain one of the most accurate and unbiased understanding to date of the
stellar mass growth over the cosmic history. We show, for the first time, that
stacking also provides a powerful tool to determine the dispersion of a
physical correlation and describe our method called "scatter stacking" that may
be easily generalized to other experiments. We demonstrate that galaxies of all
masses from z=4 to 0 follow a universal scaling law, the so-called main
sequence of star-forming galaxies. We find a universal close-to-linear slope of
the logSFR-logM* relation with evidence for a flattening of the main sequence
at high masses (log(M*/Msun) > 10.5) that becomes less prominent with
increasing redshift and almost vanishes by z~2. This flattening may be due to
the parallel stellar growth of quiescent bulges in star-forming galaxies.
Within the main sequence, we measure a non varying SFR dispersion of 0.3 dex.
The specific SFR (sSFR=SFR/M*) of star-forming galaxies is found to
continuously increase from z=0 to 4. Finally we discuss the implications of our
findings on the cosmic SFR history and show that more than 2/3 of present-day
stars must have formed in a regime dominated by the main sequence mode. As a
consequence we conclude that, although omnipresent in the distant Universe,
galaxy mergers had little impact in shaping the global star formation history
over the last 12.5 Gyr.Comment: 30 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in A&
Strong coupling hadron masses in 1/d expansion for Wilson fermions

Motivated by the weak-strong coupling expansion \cite{Rosenstein}, we calculate the spectrum of hadrons using a systematic 1/d (d - dimensionality of spacetime) in addition to a strong coupling expansion in \beta. The 1/d expansion is pushed to the next to leading order in (1/d) for mesons and next to next to leading order for baryons. We do the calculation using Wilson fermions with arbitrary r and show that doublers decouple from the spectrum only when r is close to the Wilson's value r=1. For these r the spectrum is much closer to the lattice results and the phenomenological values than those obtained by using either the (nonsystematic) "randomwalk" approximation or the hopping parameter expansion. In particular, the value of the nucleon to \rho - meson mass ratio is lowered to \frac {3 \log d -1/4}{2 {\rm arccosh} 2}+O(1/d)\approx 1.48. The result holds even for \beta as large as 5, where the weak-strong coupling expansion is applicable and therefore these results are expected to be reasonable
Deep inelastic lepton scattering in nuclei at x > 1 and the nucleon spectral function

The nuclear structure function F_{2A} (x) has been studied in the Bjorken limit for (l, l') scattering on nuclei in the region of x > 1 and was found to be very sensitive to the information contained in the nucleon spectral function in nuclei, particularly the correlations between momenta and energies in the region of large momenta. Calculations were done in a local density approximation using two different spectral functions for nuclear matter. Results are compared to those obtained for a spectral function which has been evaluated directly for the finite nucleus, ^{16}O, under consideration. For values of x around 1.5 and larger the quasiparticle contribution is negligible, thus stressing the sensitivity of the present reaction on the dynamical properties of nuclei beyond the shell model approach. Several approximations which are usually employed in studies of the EMC effect have been analyzed and their inaccuracy in this region is demonstrated
Light-Front Analysis of $\pi^{-}$ Mesons Produced in Mg - Mg Collisions at 4.3 A Gev/c

Light-front analysis of pi^{-} mesons in Mg-Mg collisions is carried out. The phase space of secondary pions is naturally divided into two parts in one of which the thermal equilibration assumption seems to be in a good agreement with data. Corresponding temperatures are extracted and compared to the results of other experiments. The experimental results have been compared with the predictions of the Quark Gluon String Model (QGSM) and satisfactory agreement between the experimental data and the model has been found
Event-by-event fluctuations of average transverse momentum in central Pb + Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon

We present first data on event-by-event fluctuations in the average transverse momentum of charged particles produced in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. This measurement provides previously unavailable information allowing sensitive tests of microscopic and thermodynamic collision models and to search for fluctuations expected to occur in the vicinity of the predicted QCD phase transition. We find that the observed variance of the event-by-event average transverse momentum is consistent with independent particle production modified by the known two-particle correlations due to quantum statistics and final state interactions and folded with the resolution of the NA49 apparatus. For two specific models of non-statistical fluctuations in transverse momentum limits are derived in terms of fluctuation amplitude. We show that a significant part of the parameter space for a model of isospin fluctuations predicted as a consequence of chiral symmetry restoration inWe present first data on event-by-event fluctuations in the average transverse momentum of charged particles produced in Pb+Pb collisions at the CERN SPS. This measurement provides previously unavailable information allowing sensitive tests of microscopic and thermodynamic collision models and to search for fluctuations expected to occur in the vicinity of the predicted QCD phase transition. We find that the observed variance of the event-by-event average transverse momentum is consistent with independent particle production modified by the known two-particle correlations due to quantum statistics and final state interactions and folded with the resolution of the NA49 apparatus. For two specific models of non-statistical fluctuations in transverse momentum limits are derived in terms of fluctuation amplitude. We show that a significant part of the parameter space for a model of isospin fluctuations predicted as a consequence of chiral symmetry restoration in a non-equilibrium scenario is excluded by our measurement
1+1 dimensional Baryons from the SU(N) Color-Flavor Transformation

The color-flavor transformation, an identity that connects two integrals, each of which is over one of a dual pair of Lie groups acting in the fermionic Fock space, is extended to the case of the special unitary group. Using this extension, a toy model of lattice QCD is studied: N_f species of spinless fermions interacting with strongly coupled SU(N_c) lattice gauge fields in 1+1 dimensions. The color-flavor transformed theory is expressed in terms of gauge singlets, the meson fields, organized into sectors distinguished by the distribution of baryonic flux. A comprehensive analytical and numerical search is made for saddle-point configurations of the meson fields, with various topological charges, in the vacuum and single-baryon sectors. Two definitions of the static baryon on the square lattice, straight and zigzag, are investigated. The masses of the baryonic states are estimated using the saddle-point approximation for large N_c