pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Lifshitz black holes in IIA supergravity.

We compute string theoretic black hole solutions having Lifshitz asymptotics with a general dynamical exponent z > 1. We start by constructing solutions in a flux compactification of six dimensional supergravity, then uplift them to massive type IIA supergravity. Alongside the Lifshitz black holes we study the simpler anti-de Sitter solutions, of which there are a 1-parameter family in this supergravity, and compare and contrast their properties. The black holes are characterized by a two-form and scalar charge, and we numerically explore their configuration space and thermodynamical aspects
The influence of high impact exercise on cortical and trabecular bone mineral content and 3D distribution across the proximal femur in older men: a randomised controlled unilateral intervention

This is the accepted version \ud
of the following article: ALLISON, J ... et al, 2015. The influence of high impact exercise on cortical and trabecular bone mineral content and 3D distribution across the proximal femur in older men: a randomised controlled unilateral intervention. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 30(9), pp.1709-1716., which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.2499.Regular exercisers have lower fracture risk, despite modest effects of exercise on BMC. Exercise may produce localised cortical and trabecular bone changes that affect bone strength independently of BMC. We previously demonstrated that brief, daily unilateral hopping exercises increased femoral neck BMC in the exercise leg versus the control leg of older men. This study evaluated the effects of these exercises on cortical and trabecular bone and its 3D distribution across the proximal femur, using clinical computed tomography (CT). Fifty healthy men had pelvic CT scans before and after the exercise intervention. We used hip QCT analysis to quantify BMC in traditional regions of interest and estimate biomechanical variables. Cortical bone mapping localised cortical mass surface density and endocortical trabecular density changes across each proximal femur, which involved registration to a canonical proximal femur model. Following statistical parametric mapping, we visualised and quantified statistically significant changes of variables over time in both legs, and significant differences between legs. Thirty-four men aged 70 (4) years exercised for 12-months, attending 92% of prescribed sessions. In traditional ROIs, cortical and trabecular BMC increased over time in both legs. Cortical BMC at the trochanter increased more in the exercise than control leg, whilst femoral neck buckling ratio declined more in the exercise than control leg. Across the entire proximal femur, cortical mass surface density increased significantly with exercise (2.7%; P < 0.001), with larger changes (>6%) at anterior and posterior aspects of the femoral neck and anterior shaft. Endocortical trabecular density also increased (6.4%; P < 0.001), with localised changes of >12% at the anterior femoral neck, trochanter and inferior femoral head. Odd impact exercise increased cortical mass surface density and endocortical trabecular density, at regions that may be important to structural integrity. These exercise-induced changes were localised rather than being evenly distributed across the proximal femur. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Developing robust composite measures of healthcare quality – ranking intervals and dominance relations for Scottish Health Boards

Although composite indicators are widely used to inform health system performance comparisons, such measures typically embed contentious assumptions, for instance about the weights assigned to constituent indicators. Moreover, although many comparative measures are constructed as ratios, the choice of denominator is not always straightforward. The conventional approach is to determine a single set of weights and to choose a single denominator, even though this involves considerable methodological difficulties.  This study proposes an alternative approach to handle incomplete information about an appropriate set of weights and about a defensible denominator in composite indicators which considers all feasible weights and can incorporate multiple denominators. We illustrate this approach for comparative quality assessments of Scottish Health Boards. The results (displayed as ranking intervals and dominance relations) help identify Boards which cannot be ranked, say, worse than 4th or better than 7th.  Such rankings give policy-makers a sense of the uncertainty around ranks, indicating the extent to which action is warranted. By identifying the full range of rankings that the organizations under comparison may attain, the approach proposed here acknowledges imperfect information about the “correct” set of weights and the appropriate denominator and may thus help to increase transparency of and confidence in health system performance comparisons
Model-independent measurement of mixing parameters in $D^0 \to K_S \pi^+
  \pi^-$ decays

The first model-independent measurement of the charm mixing parameters in the
decay $D^0 \to K_S \pi^+ \pi^-$ is reported, using a sample of $pp$ collision
data recorded by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity
of 1.0 fb$^{-1}$ at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The measured values are
\begin{eqnarray*} x &=& (-0.86 \pm 0.53 \pm 0.17) \times 10^{-2}, \\ y &=&
(+0.03 \pm 0.46 \pm 0.13) \times 10^{-2}, \end{eqnarray*} where the first
uncertainties are statistical and include small contributions due to the
external input for the strong phase measured by the CLEO collaboration, and the
second uncertainties are systematic.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures. Sign error in x fixed as of v2. All figures and
  tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are
  available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2015-042.htm
Production of multistrange hadrons, light nuclei and hypertriton in
  central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 and 200 GeV

The production of dibaryons, light nuclei and hypertriton in the most central
Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 and 200 GeV are investigated by using
a naive coalescence model. The production of light nuclei is studied and found
that the production rate reduces by a factor of 330 (1200) for each extra
nucleon added to nuclei at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 (200) GeV. The $p_{T}$
integrated yield of multistrange hadrons falls exponentially as strangeness
quantum number increases. We further investigate strangeness population factor
$S_{3}, S_{2}$ as a function of transverse momentum as well as $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$.
The calculations for $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 11.5 GeV presented here will stimulate
interest to carry out these measurements during the phase-II of beam energy
scan program at STAR experiment.Comment: Phys. Lett.
Heterotic Reduction of Courant Algebroid Connections and
  Einstein-Hilbert Actions

We discuss Levi-Civita connections on Courant algebroids. We define an
appropriate generalization of the curvature tensor and compute the
corresponding scalar curvatures in the exact and heterotic case, leading to
generalized (bosonic) Einstein-Hilbert type of actions known from supergravity.
In particular, we carefully analyze the process of the reduction for the
generalized metric, connection, curvature tensor and the scalar curvature.Comment: New section and several references added based on the journal revie
Measurement of the forward Z boson production cross-section in pp
  collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV

A measurement of the production cross-section of Z bosons in pp collisions at
$\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV is presented using dimuon and dielectron final states in
LHCb data. The cross-section is measured for leptons with pseudorapidities in
the range $2.0 < \eta < 4.5$, transverse momenta $p_\text{T} > 20$ GeV and
dilepton invariant mass in the range $60<m(\ell\ell)<120$ GeV. The integrated
cross-section from averaging the two final states is
\begin{equation*}\sigma_{\text{Z}}^{\ell\ell} = 194.3 \pm 0.9 \pm 3.3 \pm
7.6\text{ pb,}\end{equation*} where the first uncertainty is statistical, the
second is due to systematic effects, and the third is due to the luminosity
determination. In addition, differential cross-sections are measured as
functions of the Z boson rapidity, transverse momentum and the angular variable
$\phi^*_\eta$.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
  additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2016-021.htm
A Systematic Review of Generic Multidimensional Patient-Reported Outcome Measures for Children, Part I: Descriptive Characteristics

Copyright © 2015 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc.Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ReviewObjectives

The objectives of this systematic review were 1) to identify studies that assess the psychometric performance of the English-language version of 35 generic multidimensional patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for children and young people in general populations and evaluate their quality and 2) to summarize the psychometric properties of each PROM.
Methods

MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO were searched. The methodological quality of the articles was assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for selection of health Measurement INstruments checklist. For each PROM, extracted evidence of content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, proxy reliability, responsiveness, and precision was judged against standardized reference criteria.
Results

We found no evidence for 14 PROMs. For the remaining 21 PROMs, 90 studies were identified. The methodological quality of most studies was fair. Quality was generally rated higher in more recent studies. Not reporting how missing data were handled was the most common reason for downgrading the quality. None of the 21 PROMs has had all psychometric properties evaluated; data on construct validity and internal consistency were most frequently reported.
Conclusions

Overall, consistent positive findings for at least five psychometric properties were found for Child Health and Illness Profile, Healthy Pathways, KIDSCREEN, and Multi-dimensional Student Life Satisfaction Scale. None of the PROMs had been evaluated for responsiveness to detect change in general populations. Further well-designed studies with transparent reporting of methods and results are required.(NIHR) Health Services and Delivery Research programme (Project 10/2002/16 http://www.nets.nihr.ac.uk/projects/hsdr/10200216).PenCLAHRCCerebr
Extremal dichotomy for uniformly hyperbolic systems.

We consider the extreme value theory of a hyperbolic toral automorphism T : T2 → T2
showing that, if a Holder observation ¨ φ is a function of a Euclidean-type distance to a
non-periodic point ζ and is strictly maximized at ζ , then the corresponding time series
{φ◦Ti
} exhibits extreme value statistics corresponding to an independent identically
distributed (iid) sequence of random variables with the same distribution function as φ
and with extremal index one. If, however, φ is strictly maximized at a periodic point
q, then the corresponding time-series exhibits extreme value statistics corresponding
to an iid sequence of random variables with the same distribution function as φ but
with extremal index not equal to one. We give a formula for the extremal index, which
depends upon the metric used and the period of q. These results imply that return times
to small balls centred at non-periodic points follow a Poisson law, whereas the law is
compound Poisson if the balls are centred at periodic points.Ana Cristina Moreira Freitas was partially supported by FCT [grant SFRH/BPD/66174/2009]. Jorge
Milhazes Freitas was partially supported by FCT [grant SFRH/BPD/66040/2009]. Both these grants
are financially supported by the program POPH/FSE. Ana Cristina Moreira Freitas and Jorge Milhazes
Freitas are supported by FCT (Portugal) project [PTDC/MAT/120346/2010], which is financed
by national and European structural funds through the programs FEDER and COMPETE. Maria Carvalho,
Ana Cristina Moreira Freitas and Jorge Milhazes Freitas are also partially supported by CMUP
[UID/MAT/00144/2013], which is funded by FCT (Portugal) with national (MEC) and European
structural funds through the programs FEDER, under the partnership agreement [PT2020]
Genetic diversity and population genetics of large lungworms (Dictyocaulus, Nematoda) in wild deer in Hungary

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Springer Verlag via the DOI in this record.Dictyocaulus nematode worms live as parasites in the lower airways of ungulates and can cause significant disease in both wild and farmed hosts. This study represents the first population genetic analysis of large lungworms in wildlife. Specifically, we quantify genetic variation in Dictyocaulus lungworms from wild deer (red deer, fallow deer and roe deer) in Hungary, based on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) sequence data, using population genetic and phylogenetic analyses. The studied Dictyocaulus taxa display considerable genetic diversity. At least one cryptic species and a new parasite–host relationship are revealed by our molecular study. Population genetic analyses for Dictyocaulus eckerti revealed high gene flow amongst weakly structured spatial populations that utilise the three host deer species considered here. Our results suggest that D. eckerti is a widespread generalist parasite in ungulates, with a diverse genetic backround and high evolutionary potential. In contrast, evidence of cryptic genetic structure at regional geographic scales was observed for Dictyocaulus capreolus, which infects just one host species, suggesting it is a specialist within the studied area. D. capreolus displayed lower genetic diversity overall, with only moderate gene flow compared to the closely related D. eckerti. We suggest that the differing vagility and dispersal behaviour of hosts are important contributing factors to the population structure of lungworms, and possibly other nematode parasites with single-host life cycles. Our findings are of relevance for the management of lungworms in deer farms and wild deer populations.This work was carried out as a part of Zoltán Ács’ PhD thesis on “Distribution and host spectrum of Dictyocaulus lungworms in deer” supported by the Hungarian Government
The WIRCam Deep Survey. II. Mass selected clustering

International audienceWe present an analysis of the clustering of galaxies from z ≈ 2 to the present day          using the WIRCam Deep Survey (WIRDS). WIRDS combines deep optical data from the CFHTLS          Deep fields with its own deep near-infrared data, providing a photometric data-set over an          effective area of 2.4 deg2, from which accurate photometric redshifts and stellar          masses can be estimated. We use the data to calculate the angular correlation function for          galaxy samples split by star-formation activity, stellar mass and redshift. Using WIRDS          with its large total area and multiple fields gives a low cosmic variance contribution to          the error, which we estimate to be less than ~2.8%. Based on power-law fits, we estimate the real-space clustering          for each sample, determining clustering lengths and power-law slopes. For galaxies          selected by constant mass, we find that the clustering scale shows no evolution up to            z ≈ 2.          Splitting the galaxy sample by mass, we see a consistent trend for higher mass galaxies to          have larger clustering scales at all redshifts considered. We use our results to test the            galform semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and evolution. The observed          trends are well matched by the model galaxies for both the redshift evolution and the mass          dependence of the galaxy clustering. We split the galaxy population into passive and          star-forming populations based on rest-frame dust-corrected NUV-r colours. We find that the          passive galaxy populations show a significantly larger clustering scale at all redshifts          than the star-forming population below masses of M⋆ ~              1011 h-1 M⊙,          showing that even at z ≈            2 passive galaxies exist in denser environments than the bulk of the          star-forming galaxy population. For star-forming galaxies with stellar masses of            M⋆ ≳              1011 h-1 M⊙,          we find a clustering strength of ~8h-1 Mpc across all redshifts, comparable          to the measurements for the passive population. Additionally, for star-forming galaxies we          see that clustering strength increases for higher stellar mass systems, however little          sign of a mass dependence in passive galaxies is observed over the range in stellar mass          that is probed. Comparing our results to the model galaxy population produced by            galform, we find a qualitative good agreement between the model predictions and          the observed clustering. Finally, we investigate the connection between galaxy stellar          mass and dark matter halo mass, showing a clear correlation between the two in both the          WIRDS data and the galform predictions
Echoes of multiple outbursts of Sagittarius A⋆   revealed by Chandra

International audienceContext. The relatively rapid spatial and temporal variability of the X-ray radiation from some molecular clouds near the Galactic center shows that this emission component is due to the reflection of X-rays generated by a source that was luminous in the past, most likely the central supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A⋆. Aims. Studying the evolution of the molecular cloud reflection features is therefore a key element in reconstructing Sgr   A⋆’s past activity. The aim of the present work is to study this emission on small angular scales in order to characterize the source outburst on short time scales. Methods. We use Chandra high-resolution data collected from 1999 to 2011 to study the most rapid variations detected so far, those of clouds between 5′ and 20′ from Sgr   A⋆ toward positive longitudes. Our systematic spectral-imaging analysis of the reflection emission, notably of the Fe Kα line at 6.4 keV and its associated 4–8 keV continuum, allows us to characterize the variations down to a 15′′ angular scale and a 1-year time scale. Results. We reveal for the first time abrupt variations of only a few years and, in particular, a short peaked emission, with a factor of 10 increase followed by a comparable decrease, which propagates along the dense filaments of one cloud. This 2-year peaked feature contrasts with the slower 10-year linear variations we reveal in all the other molecular structures of the region. Based on column density constraints, we argue that these two different behaviors are unlikely to be due to the same illuminating event. Conclusions. The variations likely stem from a highly variable active phase of Sgr   A⋆ which occurred sometime within the past few hundred years, and is characterized by at least two luminous outbursts with typical time scales of a few years and during which the Sgr   A⋆ luminosity went up to at least 1039 erg s-1
Planck intermediate results. XII: Diffuse          Galactic components in the Gould Belt system

International audienceWe perform an analysis of the diffuse low-frequency Galactic components in the southern          part of the Gould Belt system (130° ≤ l ≤ 230° and            −50° ≤ b ≤ −10°). Strong ultra-violet flux          coming from the Gould Belt super-association is responsible for bright diffuse foregrounds          that we observe from our position inside the system and that can help us improve our          knowledge of the Galactic emission. Free-free emission and anomalous microwave emission          (AME) are the dominant components at low frequencies            (ν < 40 GHz), while synchrotron emission is          very smooth and faint. We separated diffuse free-free emission and AME from synchrotron          emission and thermal dust emission by using Planck data, complemented by          ancillary data, using the correlated component analysis (CCA) component-separation method          and we compared our results with the results of cross-correlation of foreground templates          with the frequency maps. We estimated the electron temperature            Te from Hα and free-free emission using two          methods (temperature-temperature plot and cross-correlation) and obtained            Te ranging from 3100 to 5200K for an effective fraction of          absorbing dust along the line of sight of 30% (fd = 0.3). We          estimated the frequency spectrum of the diffuse AME and recovered a peak frequency (in          flux density units) of 25.5 ± 1.5 GHz. We verified the reliability of this result with          realistic simulations that include biases in the spectral model for the AME and in the          free-free template. By combining physical models for vibrational and rotational dust          emission and adding the constraints from the thermal dust spectrum from            Planck and IRAS, we are able to present a good description of the AME          frequency spectrum for plausible values of the local density and radiation field
Search for heavy vector-like quarks coupling to light quarks in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This Letter presents a search for singly produced vector-like quarks, Q, coupling to light quarks, q. The search is sensitive to both charged current (CC) and neutral current (NC) processes, pp -> Qq -> Wqq' and pp -> Qq -> Zqq' with a leptonic decay of the vector gauge boson. In 1.04 fb(-1) of data taken in 2011 by the ATLAS experiment at a center-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV, no evidence of such heavy vector-like quarks is observed above the expected Standard Model background. Limits on the heavy vector-like quark production cross section times branching ratio as a function of mass m(Q) are obtained. For a coupling K-qQ = v/m(Q), where v is the Higgs vacuum expectation value, 95% C.L. lower limits on the mass of a vector-like quark are set at 900 GeV and 760 GeV from CC and NC processes, respectively
Discovery of large-scale diffuse radio emission and of a new galaxy cluster in the surroundings of MACS J0520.7-1328

International audienceWe report the discovery of large-scale diffuse radio emission south-east of the galaxy cluster MACS J0520.7-1328, detected through high-sensitivity Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope 323 MHz observations. This emission is dominated by an elongated diffuse radio source and surrounded by other features of lower surface brightness. Patches of these faint sources are marginally detected in a 1.4 GHz image obtained through a re-analysis of archival NVSS data. Interestingly, the elongated radio source coincides with a previously unclassified extended X-ray source. We perform a multi-wavelength analysis based on archival infrared, optical, and X-ray Chandra data. We find that this source is a low-temperature (~3.6 keV) cluster of galaxies, with indications of a disturbed dynamical state, located at a redshift that is consistent with the one of the main galaxy cluster MACS J0520.7-132 (z = 0.336). We suggest that the diffuse radio emission is associated to non-thermal components in the intracluster and intergalactic medium in and around the newly detected cluster. We are planning deeper multi-wavelength and multi-frequency radio observations to accurately investigate the dynamical scenario of the two clusters and to address the nature of the complex radio emission more precisely