pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Inclusive search for same-sign dilepton signatures in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

An inclusive search is presented for new physics in events with two isolated leptons (e or mu) having the same electric charge. The data are selected from events collected from pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV by the ATLAS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb^-1. The spectra in dilepton invariant mass, missing transverse momentum and jet multiplicity are presented and compared to Standard Model predictions. In this event sample, no evidence is found for contributions beyond those of the Standard Model. Limits are set on the cross-section in a ducial region for new sources of same-sign high-mass dilepton events in the ee, emu and mumu channels. Four models predicting same-sign dilepton signals are constrained: two descriptions of Majorana neutrinos, a cascade topology similar to supersymmetry or universal extra dimensions, and fourth generation d-type quarks. Assuming a new physics scale of 1 TeV, Majorana neutrinos produced by an effective operator V with masses below 460 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. A lower limit of 290 GeV is set at 95% confidence level on the mass of fourth generation d-type quarks
Quantum loops in radiative decays of the a(1) and b(1) axial-vector mesons

A previous model where the low-lying axial-vector mesons are dynamically generated, implementing unitarity in coupled channels in the vector-pseudoscalar (VP) meson interaction, is applied to evaluate the decay widths of the a1 (1260) and b1 (1235) axial-vector mesons into πγ. Unlike the case of the a1, the b1 radiative decay is systematically underestimated at tree level. In this work we evaluate for the first time the loop contribution coming from an initial VP vertex. Despite the large superficial divergence of the loops, the convergence of the relevant loops can be established by using arguments of gauge invariance. The partial decay widths obtained agree with the experimental values within uncertainties, and we show that the loop contribution is crucial in the b1 case and also important for the a1 case
The exposure of the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The 'hybrid' detection mode combines the information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are used in both simulation and reconstruction
Electrodeposition of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate coatings on stainless steel substrates

Cathodic reduction of an aqueous solution containing dissolved calcium and phosphate ions results in the deposition of micrometer thick CaHPO 4Â·2H2O (dicalcium phosphate dihydrate) coatings on stainless steel substrates. The coating obtained at a low deposition current (8 mA cm-2) comprises lath-like crystallites oriented along 020. The 020 crystal planes are non-polar and have a low surface energy. At a high deposition current (12 mA cm-2), platelets oriented along 121Ì are deposited. CaHPO4Â·2H2O is an important precursor to the nucleation of hydroxyapatite, the inorganic component of bones. Differently oriented CaHPO4Â·2H2O coatings transform to hydroxyapatite with different kinetics, the transformation being more facile when the coating is oriented along 121Ì�. These observations have implications for the development of electrodeposited biocompatible coatings for metal endoprostheses for medical applications. Â© Indian Academy of Sciences
Synthesis and crystal structure analysis of 2-(4-fluorobenzyl)-6-phenylimidazo2,1-b1,3,4thiadiazole and its chlorophenyl derivative

Preparations of 2-(4-fluorobenzyl)-6-phenylimidazo2,1-b1,3,4thiadiazole (3a) and its chlorophenyl derivative (3b) are described. Preliminary analysis was done spectroscopically by means of 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectra, mass spectra and elemental analyses. Further the structures were confirmed by X-ray crystal structure analyses. The compound (3a) has crystallized in a triclinic P-1 space group with three independent molecules in the asymmetric unit, while the compound (3b) belongs to P21/c space group with one molecule in the asymmetric unit. The molecule (3b) differs from molecule (3a) by the presence of chlorine substituent. Additionally, the imidazo-thiadiazole entity is as usual planar. Intramolecular C-Hâ¯N hydrogen bonding between the imidazole and the phenyl ring of the molecule can be observed in (3a) &amp; (3b). The molecules of (3a) are linked into two dimensional supramolecular hexagonal hydrogen bonded network sustained by C-Hâ¯F interaction, while those of (3b) are linked by bifurcated C-Hâ¯N interactions. Further, the molecular packing of both the compounds is stabilized by Ï-Ï stacking interactions between the benzene and imidazo-thiadiazole ring systems. Â© 2011 Elsevier B.V
Measurement of electroweak-induced production of W gamma with two jets
  in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV and constraints on anomalous quartic
  gauge couplings

A measurement of electroweak-induced production of W gamma and two jets is
performed, where the W boson decays leptonically. The data used in the analysis
correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns collected by
the CMS experiment in sqrt(s) = 8 TeV proton-proton collisions produced at the
LHC. Candidate events are selected with exactly one muon or electron, missing
transverse momentum, one photon, and two jets with large rapidity separation.
An excess over the hypothesis of the standard model without electroweak
production of W gamma with two jets is observed with a significance of 2.7
standard deviations. The cross section measured in the fiducial region is 10.8
+/- 4.1 (stat) +/- 3.4 (syst) +/- 0.3 (lumi) fb, which is consistent with the
standard model electroweak predictions. The total cross section for W gamma
production in association with 2 jets in the same fiducial region is measured
to be 23.2 +/- 4.3 (stat) +/- 1.7 (syst) +/- 0.6 (lumi) fb, which is consistent
with the standard model prediction from the combination of electroweak- and
quantum chromodynamics-induced processes. No deviations are observed from the
standard model predictions and experimental limits on anomalous quartic gauge
couplings f[M, 0-7] / Lambda^4, f[T, 0-2] / Lambda^4, and f[T, 5-7] / Lambda^4
are set at 95% confidence level.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-14-01
Particle ow SMC-PHD lter for audio-visual multi-speaker tracking

Sequential Monte Carlo probability hypothesis density (SMC- PHD) ltering has been recently exploited for audio-visual (AV) based tracking of multiple speakers, where audio data are used to inform the particle distribution and propagation in the visual SMC-PHD lter. How- ever, the performance of the AV-SMC-PHD lter can be a ected by the mismatch between the proposal and the posterior distribution. In this pa- per, we present a new method to improve the particle distribution where audio information (i.e. DOA angles derived from microphone array mea- surements) is used to detect new born particles and visual information (i.e. histograms) is used to modify the particles with particle ow (PF). Using particle ow has the bene t of migrating particles smoothly from the prior to the posterior distribution. We compare the proposed algo- rithm with the baseline AV-SMC-PHD algorithm using experiments on the AV16.3 dataset with multi-speaker sequences
Evaluation of drug-induced neurotoxicity based on metabolomics, proteomics and electrical activity measurements in complementary CNS in vitro models.

The present study was performed in an attempt to develop an in vitro integrated testing strategy (ITS) to evaluate drug-induced neurotoxicity. A number of endpoints were analyzed using two complementary brain cell culture models and an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model after single and repeated exposure treatments with selected drugs that covered the major biological, pharmacological and neuro-toxicological responses. Furthermore, four drugs (diazepam, cyclosporine A, chlorpromazine and amiodarone) were tested more in depth as representatives of different classes of neurotoxicants, inducing toxicity through different pathways of toxicity. The developed in vitro BBB model allowed detection of toxic effects at the level of BBB and evaluation of drug transport through the barrier for predicting free brain concentrations of the studied drugs. The measurement of neuronal electrical activity was found to be a sensitive tool to predict the neuroactivity and neurotoxicity of drugs after acute exposure. The histotypic 3D re-aggregating brain cell cultures, containing all brain cell types, were found to be well suited for OMICs analyses after both acute and long term treatment. The obtained data suggest that an in vitro ITS based on the information obtained from BBB studies and combined with metabolomics, proteomics and neuronal electrical activity measurements performed in stable in vitro neuronal cell culture systems, has high potential to improve current in vitro drug-induced neurotoxicity evaluation
Maxima and minima of complete and incomplete stationary sequences

In the seminal contribution [R. A. Davis, Maxima and minima of stationary sequences, Ann. Probab. 7(3) (1979), pp. 453-460.] the joint weak convergence of maxima and minima of weakly dependent stationary sequences is derived under some mild asymptotic conditions. In this paper we address additionally the case of incomplete samples assuming that the average proportion of incompleteness converges in probability to some random variable P. We show the joint weak convergence of the maxima and the minima of both complete and incomplete samples. It turns out that the maxima and the minima are asymptotically independent when P is a deterministic constant
Consensus statement from the 2014 International Microdialysis Forum 8

Microdialysis enables the chemistry of the extracellular interstitial space to be measured. Use of this technique in patients with acute brain injury has increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of several acute neurological disorders. In 2004 a consensus document on the clinical application of cerebral microdialysis was published. Since then there have been significant advances in the clinical use of microdialysis in neurocritical care. The objective of this review is to report on the International Microdialysis Forum held in Cambridge, UK, in April 2014 and to produce a revised and updated consensus statement about its clinical use including technique, data interpretation, relationship with outcome, role in guiding therapy in neurocritical care and research applications.We gratefully acknowledge financial support for participants as follows: P.J.H. - National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Professorship and the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge; I.J. – Medical Research Council (G1002277 ID 98489); A. H. - Medical Research Council, Royal College of Surgeons of England; K.L.H.C. - NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge (Neuroscience Theme; Brain Injury and Repair Theme); M.G.B. - Wellcome Trust Dept Health Healthcare Innovation Challenge Fund (HICF-0510-080); L. H. - The Swedish Research Council, VINNOVA and Uppsala Berzelii Technology Centre for Neurodiagnostics; S. M. - Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico; D.K.M. - NIHR Senior Investigator Award to D.K.M., NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (Neuroscience Theme), FP7 Program of the European Union; M. O. - Swiss National Science Foundation and the Novartis Foundation for Biomedical Research; J.S. - Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (Instituto de Salud Carlos III) (PI11/00700) co-financed by the European Regional Development; M.S. – NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre; N. S. - Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-015-3930-
A nocturnal atmospheric loss of CH₂I₂ in the remote marine boundary layer

Ocean emissions of inorganic and organic iodine compounds drive the biogeochemical cycle of iodine and produce reactive ozone-destroying iodine radicals that influence the oxidizing capacity of the atmosphere. Di-iodomethane (CH₂I₂) and chloro-iodomethane (CH₂ICl) are the two most important organic iodine precursors in the marine boundary layer. Ship-borne measurements made during the TORERO (Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive halogens and Oxygenated VOC) field campaign in the east tropical Pacific Ocean in January/February 2012 revealed strong diurnal cycles of CH₂I₂ and CH₂ICl in air and of CH₂I₂ in seawater. Both compounds are known to undergo rapid photolysis during the day, but models assume no night-time atmospheric losses. Surprisingly, the diurnal cycle of CH₂I₂ was lower in amplitude than that of CH₂ICl, despite its faster photolysis rate. We speculate that night-time loss of CH₂I₂ occurs due to reaction with NO₃ radicals. Indirect results from a laboratory study under ambient atmospheric boundary layer conditions indicate a k_(CH₂I₂+NO₃) of ≤4 × 10⁻¹³ cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹; a previous kinetic study carried out at ≤100 Torr found k_(CH₂I₂+NO₃) of 4 × 10⁻¹³ cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹. Using the 1-dimensional atmospheric THAMO model driven by sea-air fluxes calculated from the seawater and air measurements (averaging 1.8 +/− 0.8 nmol m⁻² d⁻¹ for CH₂I₂ and 3.7 +/− 0.8 nmol m⁻² d⁻¹ for CH₂ICl), we show that the model overestimates night-time CH₂I₂ by >60 % but reaches good agreement with the measurements when the CH₂I₂+ NO₃ reaction is included at 2–4 × 10⁻¹³ cm³ molecule⁻¹ s⁻¹. We conclude that the reaction has a significant effect on CH₂I₂ and helps reconcile observed and modeled concentrations. We recommend further direct measurements of this reaction under atmospheric conditions, including of product branching ratios.LJC acknowledges NERC (NE/J00619X/1) and the National Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS) for funding. The laboratory work was supported by the NERC React-SCI (NE/K005448/1) and RONOCO (NE/F005466/1) grants.This is the final version of the article. It was first available from Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10874-015-9320-
Body size but not warning signal luminance influences predation risk in recently metamorphosed poison frogs

During early development, many aposematic species have bright and conspicuous warning appearance, but have yet to acquire chemical defenses, a phenotypic state which presumably makes them vulnerable to predation. Body size and signal luminance in particular are known to be sensitive to variation in early nutrition. However, the relative importance of these traits as determinants of predation risk in juveniles is not known. To address this question, we utilized computer-assisted design (CAD) and information on putative predator visual sensitivities to produce artificial models of postmetamorphic froglets that varied in terms of body size and signal luminance. We then deployed the artificial models in the field and measured rates of attack by birds and unknown predators. Our results indicate that body size was a significant predictor of artificial prey survival. Rates of attack by bird predators were significantly higher on smaller models. However, predation by birds did not differ between artificial models of varying signal luminance. This suggests that at the completion of metamorphosis, smaller froglets may be at a selective disadvantage, potentially because predators can discern they have relatively low levels of chemical defense compared to larger froglets. There is likely to be a premium on efficient foraging, giving rise to rapid growth and the acquisition of toxins from dietary sources in juvenile poison frogs.This study was conducted in compliance with the scientific permit SE/A-19-11 provided by the Panamanian National Authority for the Environment (ANAM). This study was supported by a PhD scholarship (IFARHU-SENACYT program) and a research grant No. APY-NI-010-006B/SENACYT both awarded to EEF by the Government of Panama, and by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship to JDB. MS was supported by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council David Phillips Research Fellowship (BB/G022887/1). HMR was supported by a Junior Research Fellowship from Churchill College, Cambridge. Special thanks to Rachel Page at STRI for supporting EEF with the grant application, Sistema Nacional de Investigacion de Panama (SNI), and the People of Santa Fe for their collaboration during the study. We are grateful to Leesther Vásquez, Joelbin De La Cruz, Georgia Croxford and field assistants from AMIPARQUE for assistance with the production of frog models.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.173
Measurement of the top quark pair production charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

This paper presents a measurement of the top quark pair (tt¯) production charge asymmetry AC using 4.7 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s√ = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A tt¯-enriched sample of events with a single lepton (electron or muon), missing transverse momentum and at least four high transverse momentum jets, of which at least one is tagged as coming from a b-quark, is selected. A likelihood fit is used to reconstruct the tt¯ event kinematics. A Bayesian unfolding procedure is employed to estimate AC at the parton-level. The measured value of the tt¯ production charge asymmetry is AC = 0.006 ± 0.010, where the uncertainty includes both the statistical and the systematic components. Differential AC measurements as a function of the invariant mass, the rapidity and the transverse momentum of the tt¯ system are also presented. In addition, AC is measured for a subset of events with large tt¯ velocity, where physics beyond the Standard Model could contribute. All measurements are consistent with the Standard Model predictions.G. Aad … P. Jackson … L. Lee … A. Petridis … N. Soni ... M. White ... et al. (The ATLAS Collaboration
FARADAY ROTATION MEASURE DUE TO THE INTERGALACTIC MAGNETIC FIELD. II. THE COSMOLOGICAL CONTRIBUTION

We investigate the Faraday rotation measure (RM) due to the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) through the cosmic web up to cosmological distances, using a model IGMF based on turbulence dynamo in the large-scale structure of the universe. By stacking the IGMF and gas density data up to redshift z = 5 and taking account of the redshift distribution of polarized background radio sources against which the RM is measured, we simulate the sky map of the RM. The contribution from galaxy clusters is subtracted from the map, based on several different criteria of X-ray brightness and temperature. Our findings are as follows. The distribution of RM for radio sources of different redshifts shows that the rms value increases with redshift and saturates for z greater than or similar to 1. The saturated value is RMrms approximate to several rad m(-2). The probability distribution function of vertical bar RM vertical bar follows the lognormal distribution. The power spectrum has a broad plateau over the angular scale of similar to 1 degrees-0 degrees.1 with a peak around similar to 0 degrees.15. The second-order structure function has a flat profile in the angular separation of greater than or similar to 0 degrees.2. Our results could provide useful insights for surveys to explore the IGMF with the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) and upcoming SKA pathfindersopen121
New production technologies in aerospace industry - 5th machining innovations conference (MIC 2014) determination of residual stresses in plate material by layer removal with machine-integrated measurement

Structural aircraft components are usually manufactured from rolled plate material. Despite a stress relief treatment residual stress remains in the plates. This can result in distortions of the workpiece after the final manufacturing step, which leads to time-consuming repair processes or even a scrap part. Using an FEM simulation, it is possible to predict distortions caused by residual stress and to avoid them by adjusting the manufacturing process. However, the known methods to determine the residual stress state in plate material are expensive in terms of time and material and require specially trained staff. This paper describes a novel method to measure residual stress in plates with little effort. The method is derived from the well-known Layer-Removal-Method and utilizes a machine tool with a standard probing device. The measuring task is fully automated and can be performed by untrained staff. No special preparation of the specimen is necessary. The paper describes the procedure and the results of residual stress measurement on samples of the material EN AW-7075 T651. The results are in line with values published by other authors.Ministry of Economics, Labour and Transport of Lower Saxon
Revising the Schizoparmaceae : Coniella and its synonyms Pilidiella and Schizoparme

The asexual genera Coniella (1918) and Pilidiella (1927), including their sexual morphs in Schizoparme (1923), have a cosmopolitan distribution and are
associated with foliar, fruit, leaf, stem and root diseases on a wide variety of hosts. Species of these genera sometimes occur as secondary invaders of plant tissues
infected by other organisms or that are injured by other causes. Several studies published over the last few decades had conflicting ideas as to whether Coniella,
Pilidiella and Schizoparme should be regarded as synonymous or as separate genera. The present study aims to resolve the generic classification of these genera
through phylogenetic analyses of the concatenated alignment of partial LSU nrDNA, rpb2, ITS nrDNA and tef1 sequence data of 117 isolates, combined with their
morphology. Results revealed that all strains cluster in a single well-supported clade. Conidial colour, traditionally the distinguishing character between Coniella and
Pilidiella, evolved multiple times throughout the clade, and is not a good character at generic level in Schizoparmaceae. The three genera should therefore be regarded
as synonymous, with the older name Coniella having priority. Furthermore, this study delineated 13 new species, and new combinations were proposed for a further 15
species.Lourdes V. Alvarez wishes to thank the Department of Science and Technology,
Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and Emerging Technology
Research and Development, Department of Science and Technology (DOSTPCIEERD),
Bicutan, Taguig City, Philippines through the BCDA Fund for the
financial grant awarded to her through the “DOST Administrative Order No.
002, Series of 2014” to undertake this research at the CBS-KNAW Fungal
Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.http://www.studiesinmycology.orgam2017Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI)Microbiology and Plant Patholog