pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
LHC top partner searches beyond the 2 TeV mass region

We propose a new search strategy for heavy top partners at the early stages of the LHC run-II, based on lepton-jet final states. Our results show that final states containing a boosted massive jet and a hard lepton, in addition to a top quark and possibly a forward jet, offer a new window to both detecting and measuring top partners of mass ∼ 2TeV. Our resulting signal significance is comparable or superior to the same sign dilepton channels for top partner masses heavier than roughly 1 TeV. Unlike the di-lepton channel, the selection criteria we propose are sensitive both to 5/3 and 1/3 charge top partners and allow for full reconstruction of the resonance mass peak. Our search strategy utilizes a simplified b -tagging procedure and the Template Overlap Method to tag the massive boosted objects and reject the corresponding backgrounds. In addition, we propose a new, pileup insensitive method, to tag forward jets which characterize our signal events. We consider full effects of pileup contamination at 50 interactions per bunch crossing. We demonstrate that even in the most pessimistic pileup scenarios, the significance we obtain is sufficient to claim a discovery over a wide range of top partner parameters. While we focus on the minimal natural composite Higgs model, the results of this paper can be easily translated into bounds on any heavy partner with a t t ¯ W j $$ t\overline{t}Wj $$ final state topology
Does cumulative advantage affect collective learning in science? An agent-based simulation

Agent-based simulation can model simple micro-level mechanisms capable of generating macro-level patterns, such as frequency distributions and network structures found in bibliometric data. Agent-based simulations of organisational learning have provided analogies for collective problem solving by boundedly rational agents employing heuristics. This paper brings these two areas together in one model of knowledge seeking through scientific publication. It describes a computer simulation in which academic papers are generated with authors, references, contents, and an extrinsic value, and must pass through peer review to become published. We demonstrate that the model can fit bibliometric data for a token journal, Research Policy. Different practices for generating authors and references produce different distributions of papers per author and citations per paper, including the scale-free distributions typical of cumulative advantage processes. We also demonstrate the model’s ability to simulate collective learning or problem solving, for which we use Kauffman’s NK fitness landscape. The model provides evidence that those practices leading to cumulative advantage in citations, that is, papers with many citations becoming even more cited, do not improve scientists’ ability to find good solutions to scientific problems, compared to those practices that ignore past citations. By contrast, what does make a difference is referring only to publications that have successfully passed peer review. Citation practice is one of many issues that a simulation model of science can address when the data-rich literature on scientometrics is connected to the analogy-rich literature on organisations and heuristic search
Coarse-grained depletion potentials for anisotropic colloids:
  application to lock-and-key systems

When a colloid is mixed with a depletant such as a non-adsorbing polymer, one
observes attractive effective interactions between the colloidal particles. If
these particles are anisotropic, analysis of these effective interactions is
challenging in general. We present a method for inference of approximate
(coarse-grained) effective interaction potentials between such anisotropic
particles. Using the example of indented (lock-and-key) colloids, we show how
numerical solutions can be used to integrate out the (hard sphere) depletant,
leading to a depletion potential that accurately characterises the effective
interactions. The accuracy of the method is based on matching of contributions
to the second virial coefficient of the colloids. The simplest version of our
method yields a piecewise-constant effective potential; we also show how this
scheme can be generalised to other functional forms, where appropriate.Comment: 14 page
Reporting of adherence to medication in recent randomized controlled trials of 6 chronic diseases: a systematic literature review.
 : 
medication adherence in recent trials

International audienceBACKGROUND: International recommendations such as the CONSORT and International Conference on Harmonisation statements recognize patient adherence to prescribed treatment as an important aspect of a treatment's evaluation, but this issue is little assessed. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate how medication adherence was assessed and reported in recently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). MATERIAL AND METHODS: All publications of RCTs assessing pharmacological treatments in 6 major chronic diseases published in high-impact-factor journals in 2003 and 2004 were selected from the Medline database. Two investigators analyzed how medication adherence was assessed and reported. RESULTS: A total of 192 publications were analyzed: 71 in HIV infection, 48 diabetes mellitus, 24 rheumatoid arthritis, 23 asthma, 15 hypertension, 7 osteoporosis, and 4 about 2 of these diseases. The assessment of medication adherence was documented in 69 (35.9%) publications, by counting pill intake in half of these. Results of adherence were reported in 64 (33.3%) publications. Adherence was reported as a quantitative measure: Proportion of the treatment prescribed in 27 articles and as a qualitative measure (adherent patient, yes/no) in 41 (in 4 reports both techniques were used). When reported, the median intake of prescribed medication was 93%, and the median proportion of "nonadherent" patients was 6.2%. CONCLUSIONS: There is important variability in the assessment and reporting of medication adherence in published RCTs of pharmacological treatments of selected chronic diseases, for a given disease and across diseases. Standardization is advisable to allow for comparisons among studies
Integrated modeling approach for the transportation disadvantaged

Transportation models have not been adequate in addressing severe long-term urban transportation problems that transportation disadvantaged groups overwhelmingly encounter, and the negative impacts of transportation on the disadvantaged have not been effectively considered in the modeling studies. Therefore this paper aims to develop a transportation modeling approach in order to understand the travel patterns of the transportation disadvantaged, and help in developing policies to solve the problems of the disadvantaged. Effectiveness of this approach is tested in a pilot study in Aydin, Turkey. After determining disadvantaged groups by a series of spatial and statistical analyses, the approach is integrated with a travel demand model. The model is run for both disadvantaged and nondisadvantaged populations to examine the differences between their travel behaviors. The findings of the pilot study reveal that almost two thirds of the population is disadvantaged, and this modeling approach could be particularly useful in disadvantage-sensitive planning studies to deploy relevant land use and transportation policies for disadvantaged groups
High-capacity electrode materials for electrochemical\ud
energy storage: Role of nanoscale effects

This review summarizes the current state-of-the art electrode materials used for\ud
high-capacity lithium-ion-based batteries and their significant role towards revolutionizing the elec-\ud
trochemical energy storage landscape in the area of consumer electronics, transportation and grid\ud
storage application. We discuss the role of nanoscale effects on the electrochemical performance\ud
of high-capacity battery electrode materials. Decrease in the particle size of the primary electrode\ud
materials from micron to nanometre size improves the ionic and electronic diffusion rates signifi-\ud
cantly. Nanometre-thick solid electrolyte (such as lithium phosphorous oxynitride) and oxides (such\ud
as Al\ud
2\ud
O\ud
3\ud
,ZnO,TiO\ud
2\ud
etc.) material coatings also improve the interfacial stability and rate capability\ud
of a number of battery chemistries. We elucidate these effects in terms of different high-capacity\ud
battery chemistries based on intercalation and conversion mechanism
Vertex-centred discretization of multiphase compositional Darcy flows on general meshes

International audienceThis paper concerns the discretization on general 3D meshes of multiphase compositional Darcy flows in heterogeneous anisotropic porous media. Extending Coats' formulation to an arbitrary number of phases, the model accounts for the coupling of the mass balance of each component with the pore volume conservation and the thermodynamical equilibrium, and dynamically manages phase appearance and disappearance. The spatial discretization of the multiphase compositional Darcy flows is based on a generalization of the Vertex Approximate Gradient scheme (VAG), already introduced for single phase diffusive problems. It leads to an unconditionally coercive scheme for arbitrary meshes and permeability tensors. The stencil of this vertex-centred scheme typically comprises 27 points on topologically Cartesian meshes, and the number of unknowns on tetrahedral meshes is considerably reduced, compared with usual cell-centred approaches. The efficiency of our approach is exhibited on the nearwell injection of miscible CO2 in a saline aquifer taking into account the vaporization of H2O in the gas phase as well as the precipitation of salt
Evolution of pastoralism in Southern Greenland during the last two millennia reconstructed from bile acids and coprophilous fungal spores in lacustrine sediments

International audienceTo reconstruct the evolution of livestock in SW Greenland over the last two millennia, we measured the concentration of bile acids in a sedimentary sequence retrieved from Lake Igaliku. Deoxycholic acid (DOC) was the sole bile acid. and was present throughout the sequence.The DOC flux correlated quantitatively with that of coprophilous fungal spores. Maximum DOC and coprophilous fungal spores fluxe was recorded during the two periods of human settlement and grazing activity in the region (i.e. the Norse settlement during the Middle Ages and the recent Danish agricultural phase since 1920). These flux values were consistent with the presence of recent livestock around the lake and are attested to by way of archaeological data relating to the Norse period. In contrast, the DOC and coprophilous fungal spores background during pre-Norse times and the Little Ice Age (LIA), indicated the presence of wild herbivores. Lower DOC and coprophilous fungal spore fluxes values after the Norse abandonment, compared with pre-colonization conditions, could indicate that Norse activity in conjunction with climate pejoration, altered durably the pristine wildlife.Therefore, these quantitative correlations between DOC and coprophilous fungal spores fluxes potentially suggest a quantitative relationship with the livestock grazing in the catchment. The comparison between sedimentary DOC and coprophilous fungal spores provides tremendous highlights on past pastoral dynamics over the last 2000 yr in SW Greenland
Seismoelectric wave propagation numerical modelling in partially saturated materials

International audienceTo better understand and interpret seismoelectric measurements acquired over vadose environments, both the existing theory and the wave propagation modelling programmes, available for saturated materials, should be extended to partial saturation conditions. We propose here an extension of Pride's equations aiming to take into account partially saturated materials, in the case of a water-air mixture. This new set of equations was incorporated into an existing seismoelectric wave propagation modelling code, originally designed for stratified saturated media. This extension concerns both the mechanical part, using a generalization of the Biot-Gassmann theory, and the electromagnetic part, for which dielectric permittivity and electrical conductivity were expressed against water saturation. The dynamic seismoelectric coupling was written as a function of the streaming potential coefficient, which depends on saturation, using four different relations derived from recent laboratory or theoretical studies. In a second part, this extended programme was used to synthesize the seismoelectric response for a layered medium consisting of a partially saturated sand overburden on top of a saturated sandstone half-space. Subsequent analysis of the modelled amplitudes suggests that the typically very weak interface response (IR) may be best recovered when the shallow layer exhibits low saturation. We also use our programme to compute the seismoelectric response of a capillary fringe between a vadose sand overburden and a saturated sand half-space. Our first modelling results suggest that the study of the seismoelectric IR may help to detect a sharp saturation contrast better than a smooth saturation transition. In our example, a saturation contrast of 50 per cent between a fully saturated sand half-space and a partially saturated shallow sand layer yields a stronger IR than a stepwise decrease in saturation
Validation of two tropical marine bivalves as bioindicators of mining contamination in the New Caledonia lagoon: Field transplantation experiments

International audienceThe bioaccumulation and retention capacities of some key local contaminants of the New Caledonia lagoon (Ag, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn) have been determined in the oyster Isognomon isognomon and the edible clam Gafrarium tumidum during transplantation experiments. In a first set of experiments, oysters and clams from a clean site were transplanted into contaminated sites. Uptake kinetics determined in the field indicated that for Cr and Cu in oysters and Co, Ni, and Zn in clams, concentrations in transplanted bivalves reached those of resident organisms after 100d, whereas for the other elements, it would require a longer time for transplanted bivalves to reach the same levels as in the resident populations (e.g., up to 3 years for Cd). However, the slow uptake rate for metals observed in the latter transplantation is rather related to low bioavailability of metals at the contaminated sites than to low bioaccumulation efficiency of the organisms. Indeed, results of a second transplantation experiment into two highly contaminated stations indicated a faster bioaccumulation of metals in both bivalves. Results of both transplantations point out that the clam G. tumidum is a more effective bioindicator of mining contamination than I. isognomon, since it is able to bioaccumulate the contaminants to a greater extent. However the very efficient metal retention capacity noted for most elements indicates that organisms originating from contaminated sites would not be suitable for monitoring areas of lower contamination. Hence, geographical origin of animals to be transplanted in a monitoring perspective should be carefully selected
Filtering for distributed mechanical systems using position measurements: perspectives in medical imaging

International audienceWe propose an effective filtering methodology designed to perform estimation in a distributed mechanical system using position measurements. As in a previously introduced method, the filter is inspired from robust control feedback, but here we take full advantage of the estimation specificity to choose a feedback law that can act on displacements instead of velocities and still retain the same kind of dissipativity property which guarantees robustness. This is very valuable in many applications for which positions are more readily available than velocities, as in medical imaging. We provide an in-depth analysis of the proposed procedure, as well as detailed numerical assessments using a test problem inspired from cardiac biomechanics, as medical diagnosis assistance is an important perspective for this approach. The method is formulated first for measurements based on Lagrangian displacements, but we then derive a nonlinear extension allowing to instead consider segmented images, which of course is even more relevant in medical applications
Crystallization of tetrahedral patchy particles in silico

We investigate the competition between glass formation and crystallization of open tetrahedral structures for particles with tetrahedral patchy interactions. We analyze the outcome of such competition as a function of the potential parameters. Specifically, we focus on the separate roles played by the interaction range and the angular width of the patches, and show that open crystal structures (cubic and hexagonal diamond and their stacking hybrids) spontaneously form when the angular width is smaller than about 30 degrees. Evaluating the temperature and density dependence of the chemical potential of the fluid and of the crystal phases, we find that adjusting the patch width affects the fluid and crystal in different ways. As a result of the different scaling, the driving force for spontaneous self-assembly rapidly grows as the fluid is undercooled for small-width patches, while it only grows slowly for large-width patches, in which case crystallization is pre-empted by dynamic arrest into a network glass. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3578182
Frovatriptan versus almotriptan for acute treatment of menstrual migraine: analysis of a double-blind, randomized, cross-over, multicenter, Italian, comparative study

The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy and safety of frovatriptan and almotriptan in women with menstrually related migraine (IHS Classification of Headache disorders) enrolled in a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Patients received frovatriptan 2.5 mg or almotriptan 12.5 mg in a randomized sequence: after treating 3 episodes of migraine in no more than 3 months with the first treatment, the patient was switched to the other treatment. 67 of the 96 female patients of the intention-to-treat population of the main study had regular menstrual cycles and were thus included in this subgroup analysis. 77 migraine attacks classified as related to menses were treated with frovatriptan and 78 with almotriptan. Rate of pain relief at 2 and 4 h was 36 and 53 % for frovatriptan and 41 and 50 % for almotriptan (p = NS between treatments). Rate of pain free at 2 and 4 h was 19 and 47 % with frovatriptan and 29 and 54 % for almotriptan (p = NS). At 24 h, 62 % of frovatriptan-treated and 67 % of almotriptan-treated patients had pain relief, while 60 versus 67 % were pain free (p = NS). Recurrence at 24 h was significantly (p < 0.05) lower with frovatriptan (8 vs. 21 % almotriptan). This was the case also at 48 h (9 vs. 24 %, p < 0.05). Frovatriptan was as effective as almotriptan in the immediate treatment of menstrually related migraine attacks. However, it showed a more favorable sustained effect, as shown by a lower rate of migraine recurrence
A wave-based model reduction technique for the description of the dynamic behavior of periodic structures involving arbitrary-shaped substructures and large-sized finite element models

International audienceThe wave finite element (WFE) method is investigated to describe the dynamic behavior of periodic structures like those composed of arbitrary-shaped substruc-tures along a certain straight direction. Emphasis is placed on the analysis of non-academic substructures that are described by means of large-sized finite element (FE) models. A generalized eigenproblem based on the so-called S + S −1 transformation is proposed for accurately computing the wave modes which travel in right and left directions along those periodic structures. Besides, a model reduction technique is proposed which involves partitioning a whole periodic structure into one central structure surrounded by two extra substructures. In doing so, a few wave modes are only required for modeling the central periodic structure. An error indicator is also proposed to determine in an a priori process the number of those wave modes that need to be considered. Their computation hence follows by considering the Lanczos method, which can be achieved in a very fast way. Numerical experiments are carried out to highlight the relevance of the proposed reduction technique. A comprehensive validation of the technique is performed on a 2D periodic structure. Also, its efficiency in terms of CPU time savings is highlighted regarding a 3D periodic structure that exhibits substructures with large-sized FE models
Role of degenerate Zeeman states in the storage and retrieval of light pulses

[[abstract]]We have studied the role of degenerate Zeeman states in the storage and retrieval of light pulses in the three-level Λ-type system of electromagnetically induced transparency. A probe pulse with the σ+ polarization is stored in the medium and subsequently released with the σ- polarization. However, the manipulation of the retrieved polarization causes an energy loss. Our study shows that the incompatibility between the stored ground-state coherence and the ratio of the probe and coupling Clebsch-Gordan coefficients is responsible for the energy loss. Such energy loss can be avoided as long as all population accumulates in a single Zeeman state. We provide the useful knowledge for the light-storage technique and demonstrate that the degenerate Zeeman states should be considered in the relevant applications[[fileno]]2010136010004[[department]]物理
Psychometric properties of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) for US mothers

Objective: The aims of this study were to continue the scale development process of the Birth Satisfaction Scale-Revised (BSS-R) by refining the scale to make it culturally relevant for US participants, examining the factor structure of the BSS-R, and describing the level of birth satisfaction in a sample of US mothers. Background: The Birth Satisfaction Scale (BSS) was developed in the UK to assess satisfaction of the childbearing women’s experiences of labor and its outcomes. One of the goals of the development of the BSS was to make comparisons across cultures. Methods: One-hundred and eighty-one first time US mothers participated in this study. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to examine a 1-factor higher-order model containing 3 lower-order factors. The higher-order factor was hypothesized to be Experience of childbearing; the lower-order factors were hypothesized as Stress, Quality of Care, and Women’s attributes. Results: The results of the higher-order factor model indicated good fit, χ2=37.72, p=.22; comparative fit index (CFI)=.99; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=.03; standardized root mean square residual (SRMR)=.04. Cronbach’s α indicated the subscales and total scale were reliable for the US sample (α ranged from .74 to .89). The BSS-R total score was 15.52 (SD=8.35), and the stress, quality of care, and women’s attributes subscales were 7.15 (SD=3.80), 4.61 (SD=3.83) and 3.79 (SD=2.26), respectively. Conclusion: The BSS-R can provide maternal health professionals and researchers with an instrument to quantify childbearing women’s birthing satisfaction, which in turn can assist in heightening the overall patient care experience