pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Analyticity for multi-Regge limits of the Bern–Dixon–Smirnov amplitudes

AbstractAs a consequence of the AdS/CFT correspondence, planar N=4 super-Yang–Mills SU(N) theory is expected to exhibit stringy behavior and multi-Regge asymptotic. In this paper we extend our recent investigation to consider issues of analyticity, a central feature of Regge asymptotics. We contrast flat-space open string theory in the planar limit with the N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory, as represented by the Bern, Dixon and Smirnov (2005) [1] (BDS) conjecture for n-gluon scattering, believed to be exact for n=4,5 and modified only by a function of cross-ratios for n⩾6. It is emphasized that multi-Regge factorization should be applied to trajectories with definite signature. A variety of analyticity and factorization constraints realized in flat space string theory are not satisfied by the BDS conjecture, at least when the exponential factors are truncate in the infra-red regulator below O(ϵ)
Origin of the pKa shift of the catalytic lysine in acetoacetate decarboxylase

AbstractThe pKa value of Lys115, the catalytic residue in acetoacetate decarboxylate, was calculated using atomic coordinates of the X-ray crystal structure with consideration of the protonation states of all titratable sites in the protein. The calculated pKa value of Lys115 (pKa(Lys115)) was unusually low (≈6) in agreement with the experimentally measured value. Although charged residues impact pKa(Lys115) considerably in the native protein, the significant pKa(Lys115) downshift in the protein with respect to aqueous solution was mainly due to loss of the solvation energy in the catalytic active site relative to bulk water
Multi-pair states in electron–positron pair creation

AbstractUltra strong electromagnetic fields can lead to spontaneous creation of single or multiple electron–positron pairs. A quantum field theoretical treatment of the pair creation process combined with numerical methods provides a description of the fermionic quantum field state, from which all observables of the multiple electron–positron pairs can be inferred. This allows to study the complex multi-particle dynamics of electron–positron pair creation in-depth, including multi-pair statistics as well as momentum distributions and spin. To illustrate the potential benefit of this approach, it is applied to the intermediate regime of pair creation between nonperturbative Schwinger pair creation and perturbative multiphoton pair creation where the creation of multi-pair states becomes nonnegligible but cascades do not yet set in. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how spin and helicity of the created electrons and positrons are affected by the polarization of the counterpropagating laser fields, which induce the creation of electron–positron pairs
Graphene on Rh(111): Combined DFT, STM, and NC-AFM Studies

AbstractThe simultaneous combination of scanning probe methods (tunneling and force microscopies, STM and AFM) is a unique way to get information about crystallographic and electronic structure of the studied surface. Here we apply these methods accompanied by the state- of-the-art density functional theory (DFT) calculations to shed a light on the structure and electronic properties of the strongly-corrugated graphene/Rh(111) system. The atomically-resolved images are obtained for both STM and AFM modes and compared with the DFT results showing good agreement between theory and experiment
The MSSM invisible Higgs in the light of dark matter and g−2

AbstractGiving up the assumption of the gaugino mass unification at the GUT scale, the latest LEP and Tevatron data still allow the lightest supersymmetric Higgs to have a large branching fraction into invisible neutralinos. Such a Higgs may be difficult to discover at the LHC and is practically unreachable at the Tevatron. We argue that, for some of these models to be compatible with the relic density, light sleptons with masses not far above the current limits are needed. There are, however, models that allow for larger sleptons masses without being in conflict with the relic density constraint. This is possible because these neutralinos can annihilate efficiently through a Z pole. We also find that many of these models can nicely account, at the 2σ level, for the discrepancy in the latest g−2 measurement. However, requiring consistency with the g−2 at the 1σ level, excludes models that lead to the largest Higgs branching fraction into LSP's. In all cases one expects that even though the Higgs might escape detection, one would have a rich SUSY phenomenology even at the Tevatron, through the production of charginos and neutralinos
Guiding functional connectivity estimation by structural connectivity in MEG: an application to discrimination of conditions of mild cognitive impairment

AbstractWhole brain resting state connectivity is a promising biomarker that might help to obtain an early diagnosis in many neurological diseases, such as dementia. Inferring resting-state connectivity is often based on correlations, which are sensitive to indirect connections, leading to an inaccurate representation of the real backbone of the network. The precision matrix is a better representation for whole brain connectivity, as it considers only direct connections. The network structure can be estimated using the graphical lasso (GL), which achieves sparsity through l1-regularization on the precision matrix. In this paper, we propose a structural connectivity adaptive version of the GL, where weaker anatomical connections are represented as stronger penalties on the corresponding functional connections. We applied beamformer source reconstruction to the resting state MEG recordings of 81 subjects, where 29 were healthy controls, 22 were single-domain amnestic Mild Cognitive Impaired (MCI), and 30 were multiple-domain amnestic MCI. An atlas-based anatomical parcellation of 66 regions was obtained for each subject, and time series were assigned to each of the regions. The fiber densities between the regions, obtained with deterministic tractography from diffusion-weighted MRI, were used to define the anatomical connectivity. Precision matrices were obtained with the region specific time series in five different frequency bands. We compared our method with the traditional GL and a functional adaptive version of the GL, in terms of log-likelihood and classification accuracies between the three groups. We conclude that introducing an anatomical prior improves the expressivity of the model and, in most cases, leads to a better classification between groups
First observation of long-lived π+π− atoms

AbstractAfter observing and investigating the double-exotic (a double-exotic atom is a bound system, in which both oppositely charged components are unstable particles like μ,π,K,…) π+π− atom with the ground state lifetime τ of about 3×10−15 s, the upgraded DIRAC experiment at the CERN PS accelerator observes for the first time long-lived states of the same atom with lifetimes of about 10−11 s and more. The number of characteristic pion pairs resulting from the breakup (ionisation) of long-lived π+π− atoms amounts to 436±61, corresponding to a signal-to-error ratio of better than 7 standard deviations. This observation opens a new possibility to measure energy differences between p and s atomic states and so to determine ππ scattering lengths
Collinear photon exchange in the beam normal polarization asymmetry of elastic electron–proton scattering

AbstractThe parity-conserving single-spin beam asymmetry of elastic electron–proton scattering is induced by an absorptive part of the two-photon exchange amplitude. We demonstrate that this asymmetry has logarithmic and double-logarithmic enhancement due to contributions of hard collinear quasi-real photons. An optical theorem is used to evaluate the asymmetry in terms of the total photoproduction cross section on the proton, predicting its magnitude at 20–30 parts per million for high electron beam energies and small scattering angles. At fixed 4-momentum transfers, the asymmetry is rising logarithmically with increasing electron beam energy, following the high-energy diffractive behavior of total photoproduction cross section on the proton
Measurement of the WW cross section in s=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous gauge couplings

AbstractThis Letter reports a measurement of the WW production cross section in s=7 TeV pp collisions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb−1 collected with the ATLAS detector. Using leptonic decays of oppositely charged W bosons, the total measured cross section is σ(pp→WW)=54.4±4.0(stat.)±3.9(syst.)±2.0(lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of σ(pp→WW)=44.4±2.8 pb. Limits on anomalous electroweak triple-gauge couplings are extracted from a fit to the transverse-momentum distribution of the leading charged lepton in the event
Community Detection as a Tool for District Metered Areas Identification

AbstractWater losses, the portion of water introduced in a pipe network but not consumed by users, represent a significant problem in water distribution system (WDS) management. Modern guidelines suggest to divide the pipe network in clusters, in order to compute a water balance and measure water consumption by each group. These clusters are called district metered areas (DMAs). The division of a pipe network in DMAs is usually realized with a visual exam supported by technical experience. This approach, which is convenient for small WDSs, becomes difficult to apply to large WDSs characterized by thousands of user nodes and pipes. Therefore, it is necessary to have an automatic tool to recognize the affinity degree of neighbouring nodes and to decide how to assign a node to a particular DMA. We propose an automated approach to subdivide pipes, that only requires flow rates through the network. The method has been tested to a large WDS often used as benchmark. The approach successfully divides the pipe network in an acceptable number of DMAs. Each resulting DMA is characterized by a low number of external links and by a proper number of users
Neutrino transition magnetic moments within the non-standard neutrino–nucleus interactions

AbstractTensorial non-standard neutrino interactions are studied through a combined analysis of nuclear structure calculations and a sensitivity χ2-type of neutrino events expected to be measured at the COHERENT experiment, recently planned to operate at the Spallation Neutron Source (Oak Ridge). Potential sizeable predictions on transition neutrino magnetic moments and other electromagnetic parameters, such as neutrino milli-charges, are also addressed. The non-standard neutrino–nucleus processes, explored from nuclear physics perspectives within the context of quasi-particle random phase approximation, are exploited in order to estimate the expected number of events originating from vector and tensor exotic interactions for the case of reactor neutrinos, studied with TEXONO and GEMMA neutrino detectors
Higgs phenomenology of supersymmetric economical 3–3–1 model

AbstractWe explore the Higgs sector in the supersymmetric economical 3–3–1 model and find new features in this sector. The charged Higgs sector is revised, i.e., in difference of the previous work, the exact eigenvalues and states are obtained without any approximation. In this model, there are three Higgs bosons having masses equal to that of the gauge bosons—the W and extra X and Y. There is one scalar boson with mass of 91.4 GeV, which is closed to the Z boson mass and in good agreement with present limit: 89.8 GeV at 95% CL. The condition of eliminating for charged scalar tachyon leads to splitting of VEV at the first symmetry breaking, namely, w≃w′. The interactions among the Standard Model gauge bosons and scalar fields in the framework of the supersymmetric economical 3–3–1 model are presented. From these couplings, at some limit, almost scalar Higgs fields can be recognized in accordance with the Standard Model. The hadronic cross section for production of the bilepton charged Higgs boson at the CERN LHC in the effective vector boson approximation is calculated. Numerical evaluation shows that the cross section can exceed 35.8 fb
Self-similarity in jet events following from pp collisions at LHC

AbstractUsing a Tsallis nonextensive approach, we simultaneously analyze recent data obtained by the LHC ATLAS experiment on distributions of transverse momenta of jets, pTjet, together with distributions of transverse momenta of particles produced within these jets (defined relative to the jetʼs axis), pTrel, and their multiplicity distributions, P(N). The respective nonextensivity parameters for distributions of jets, qjet, for distributions of particles in jets, qrel and the global nonextensivity parameter obtained from P(N), qN, were then compared with nonextensivity parameters q obtained from minimum bias pp collisions at energies corresponding to the energies of these jets. The values of the corresponding nonextensivity parameters were found to be similar, strongly indicating the existence of a common mechanism behind all these processes. We tentatively identify this as a self-similarity property known to be present there and resulting in Tsallis type distributions. If confirmed, this would considerably strengthen the nonextensive Tsallis approach
Consistent factorization of jet observables in exclusive multijet cross sections

AbstractWe demonstrate the consistency at the next-to-leading-logarithmic (NLL) level of a factorization theorem based on Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) for jet shapes in e+e− collisions. We consider measuring jet observables in exclusive multijet final states defined with cone and kT-type jet algorithms. Consistency of the factorization theorem requires that the renormalization group evolution of hard, jet, and soft functions is such that the physical cross section is independent of the factorization scale μ. The anomalous dimensions of the various factorized pieces, however, depend on the color representation of jets, choice of jet observable, the number of jets whose shapes are measured, and the jet algorithm, making it highly nontrivial to satisfy the consistency condition. We demonstrate the intricate cancellations between anomalous dimensions that occur at the NLL level, so that, up to power corrections that we identify, our factorization of the jet shape distributions is consistent for any number of quark and gluon jets, for any number of jets whose shapes are measured or unmeasured, for any angular size R of the jets, and for any of the algorithms we consider. Corrections to these results are suppressed by the SCET expansion parameter λ (set by the ratio of the typical momentum in a jet transverse to the jet axis to the total jet energy) and in the jet separation measure 1/t2=tan2(R/2)/tan2(ψ/2), where ψ is the angular separation between jets. Our results can be used to calculate a wide variety of jet observables in multijet final states to NLL accuracy
Adenosine conformations of nucleotides bound to methionyl tRNA synthetase by transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy

The conformations of MgATP and AMP bound to a monomeric tryptic fragment of methionyl tRNA synthetase have been investigated by two-dimensional proton transferred nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (TRNOESY). The sample protocol was chosen to minimize contributions from adventitious binding of the nucleotides to the observed NOE. The experiments were performed at 500 MHz on three different complexes, E.MgATP, E.MgATP.L-methioninol, and E.AMP.L-methioninol. A starter set of distances obtained by fitting NOE build-up curves (not involving H5' and H5") were used to determine a CHARMm energy-minimized structure. The positioning of the H5' and H5" protons was determined on the basis of a conformational search of the torsion angle to obtain the best fit with the observed NOEs for their superposed resonance. Using this structure, a relaxation matrix was set up to calculate theoretical build-up curves for all of the NOEs and compare them with the observed curves. The final structures deduced for the adenosine moieties in the three complexes are very similar, and are described by a glycosidic torsion angle (chi) of 56 degrees +/- 5 degrees and a phase angle of pseudorotation (P) in the range of 47 degrees to 52 degrees, describing a 3(4)T-4E sugar pucker. The glycosidic torsion angle, chi, deduced here for this adenylyl transfer enzyme and those determined previously for three phosphoryl transfer enzymes (creatine kinase, arginine kinase, and pyruvate kinase), and one pyrophosphoryl enzyme (PRibPP synthetase), are all in the range 52 degrees +/- 8 degrees. The narrow range of values suggests a possible common motif for the recognition and binding of the adenosine moiety at the active sites of ATP-utilizing enzymes, irrespective of the point of cleavage on the phosphate chain
The relationship between information processing style and information seeking, and its moderation by affect and perceived usefulness: Analysis vs. procrastination

AbstractWe examined the relationship between information processing style and information seeking, and its moderation by anxiety and information utility. Information about Salmonella, a potentially commonplace disease, was presented to 2960 adults. Two types of information processing were examined: preferences for analytical or heuristic processing, and preferences for immediate or delayed processing. Information seeking was captured by measuring the number of additional pieces of information sought by participants. Preferences for analytical information processing were associated positively and directly with information seeking. Heuristic information processing was associated negatively and directly with information seeking. The positive relationship between preferences for delayed decision making and information seeking was moderated by anxiety and by information utility. Anxiety reduced the tendency to seek additional information. Information utility increased the likelihood of information seeking. The findings indicate that low levels of anxiety could prompt information seeking. However, information seeking occurred even when information was perceived as useful and sufficient, suggesting that it can be a form of procrastination rather than a useful contribution to effective decision making
Vacuum structure in a chiral R+Rn modification of pure supergravity

AbstractWe discuss an R+Rn class of modified N=1, D=4 supergravity models where the deformation is a monomial Rn|F in the chiral scalar curvature multiplet R of the “old minimal” auxiliary field formulation. The scalaron and goldstino multiplets are dual to each other in this theory. Since one of them is not dynamical, this theory, as recently shown, cannot be used as the supersymmetric completion of R+Rn gravity. This is confirmed by investigating the scalar potential and its critical points in the dual standard supergravity formulation with a single chiral multiplet with specific Kähler potential and superpotential. We study the vacuum structure of this dual theory and we find that there is always a supersymmetric Minkowski critical point which however is pathological for n⩾3 as it corresponds to a corner (n=3) and a cusp (n>3) point of the potential. For n>3 an anti-de Sitter regular supersymmetric vacuum emerges. As a result, this class of models are not appropriate to describe inflation. We also find the mass spectrum and we provide a general formula for the masses of the scalars of a chiral multiplet around the anti-de Sitter critical point and their relation to osp(1,4) unitary representations
Effect of Serelaxin on Cardiac, Renal, and Hepatic Biomarkers in the Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure (RELAX-AHF) Development Program Correlation With Outcomes

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of serelaxin on short-term changes in markers of organ damage and congestion and relate them to 180-day mortality in patients with acute heart failure.BackgroundHospitalization for acute heart failure is associated with high post-discharge mortality, and this may be related to organ damage.MethodsThe Pre-RELAX-AHF (Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure) phase II study and RELAX-AHF phase III study were international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials in which patients hospitalized for acute heart failure were randomized within 16 h to intravenous placebo or serelaxin. Each patient was followed daily to day 5 or discharge and at days 5, 14, and 60 after enrollment. Vital status was assessed through 180 days. In RELAX-AHF, laboratory evaluations were performed daily to day 5 and at day 14. Plasma levels of biomarkers were measured at baseline and days 2, 5, and 14. All-cause mortality was assessed as a safety endpoint in both studies.ResultsSerelaxin reduced 180-day mortality, with similar effects in the phase II and phase III studies (combined studies: N = 1,395; hazard ratio: 0.62; 95% confidence interval: 0.43 to 0.88; p = 0.0076). In RELAX-AHF, changes in markers of cardiac (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T), renal (creatinine and cystatin-C), and hepatic (aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase) damage and of decongestion (N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide) at day 2 and worsening heart failure during admission were associated with 180-day mortality. Serelaxin administration improved these markers, consistent with the prevention of organ damage and faster decongestion.ConclusionsEarly administration of serelaxin was associated with a reduction of 180-day mortality, and this occurred with fewer signs of organ damage and more rapid relief of congestion during the first days after admission
Search for the K−pp bound state via γd→K+π−X reaction at Eγ=1.5–2.4 GeV

AbstractA search for the K−pp bound state (the lightest kaonic nucleus) has been performed using the γd→K+π−X reaction at Eγ=1.5–2.4 GeV at LEPS/SPring-8. The differential cross section of the K+π− photo-production off deuterium (d2σ/dcosθK+lab/dcosθπ−lab) has been measured for the first time in this energy region. A peak structure was searched for in the inclusive missing mass spectrum. A statistically significant peak structure was not observed in the region from 2.22 to 2.36 GeV/c2. The upper limits of the differential cross section of the K−pp bound state production were determined to be (0.17–0.55), (0.55–1.7) and (1.1–2.9) μb at 95% confidence level with the assumed widths of 20 MeV, 60 MeV and 100 MeV
Current Evidence and Future Perspectives on HuR and Breast Cancer Development, Prognosis, and Treatment

AbstractHu-antigen R (HuR) is an RNA-binding posttranscriptional regulator that belongs to the Hu/ELAV family. HuR expression levels are modulated by a variety of proteins, microRNAs, chemical compounds, or the microenvironment, and in turn, HuR affects mRNA stability and translation of various genes implicated in breast cancer formation, progression, metastasis, and treatment. The aim of the present review is to critically summarize the role of HuR in breast cancer development and its potential as a prognosticator and a therapeutic target. In this aspect, all the existing English literature concerning HuR expression and function in breast cancer cell lines, in vivo animal models, and clinical studies is critically presented and summarized. HuR modulates many genes implicated in biological processes crucial for breast cancer formation, growth, and metastasis, whereas the link between HuR and these processes has been demonstrated directly in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, clinical studies reveal that HuR is associated with more aggressive forms of breast cancer and is a putative prognosticator for patients' survival. All the above indicate HuR as a promising drug target for cancer therapy; nevertheless, additional studies are required to fully understand its potential and determine against which types of breast cancer and at which stage of the disease a therapeutic agent targeting HuR would be more effective