pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measuring galaxy [OII] emission line doublet with future ground-based
  wide-field spectroscopic surveys

The next generation of wide-field spectroscopic redshift surveys will map the
large-scale galaxy distribution in the redshift range 0.7< z<2 to measure
baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO). The primary optical signature used in
this redshift range comes from the [OII] emission line doublet, which provides
a unique redshift identification that can minimize confusion with other single
emission lines. To derive the required spectrograph resolution for these
redshift surveys, we simulate observations of the [OII] (3727,3729) doublet for
various instrument resolutions, and line velocities. We foresee two strategies
about the choice of the resolution for future spectrographs for BAO surveys.
For bright [OII] emitter surveys ([OII] flux ~30.10^{-17} erg /cm2/s like
SDSS-IV/eBOSS), a resolution of R~3300 allows the separation of 90 percent of
the doublets. The impact of the sky lines on the completeness in redshift is
less than 6 percent. For faint [OII] emitter surveys ([OII] flux ~10.10^{-17}
erg /cm2/s like DESi), the detection improves continuously with resolution, so
we recommend the highest possible resolution, the limit being given by the
number of pixels (4k by 4k) on the detector and the number of spectroscopic
channels (2 or 3).Comment: 5 pages, 1 figur
Measurement of the top quark pair production charge asymmetry in
  proton-proton collisions at 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

This letter presents a measurement of the top quark pair (tt) production
charge asymmetry Ac using 4.7 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at a
centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A
tt-enriched sample of events with a single lepton (electron or muon), missing
transverse momentum and at least four high transverse momentum jets, of which
at least one is tagged as coming from a b-quark, is selected. A likelihood fit
is used to reconstruct the tt event kinematics. A Bayesian unfolding procedure
is employed to estimate Ac at the parton-level. The measured value of the tt
production charge asymmetry is 0.006 +/- 0.010, where the uncertainty includes
both the statistical and the systematic components. Differential Ac
measurements as a function of the invariant mass, the rapidity and the
transverse momentum of the tt-system are also presented. In addition, Ac is
measured for a subset of events with large tt velocity, where physics beyond
the Standard Model could contribute. All measurements are consistent with the
Standard Model predictions.Comment: 22 pages plus author list (44 pages total), 3 figures, 9 tables,
  submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2012-17
D-instanton probe and the enhan\c{c}on mechanism from a quiver gauge
  theory

We study the $\mathcal N=2$ field theory realized by D3-branes on the
${\mathbb C}^2/{\mathbb Z}_2$ orbifold. The dual supergravity solution exhibits
a repulson singularity cured by the enhancon mechanism. By comparing the open
and closed string descriptions of a probe D-instanton, we can compute the exact
non-perturbative profile of the supergravity twisted field, which determines
the supergravity background. We then show how the non-trivial IR physics of the
field theory translates into the stringy effects that give rise to the enhancon
mechanism and the associated excision procedure.Comment: 32 pages, 3 figures; v2: minor modifications and clarifications, 1
  reference added; v3: additional details in sec. 4, version published in JHE
The Swift-Hohenberg equation with a nonlocal nonlinearity

It is well known that aspects of the formation of localised states in a
one-dimensional Swift--Hohenberg equation can be described by
Ginzburg--Landau-type envelope equations. This paper extends these multiple
scales analyses to cases where an additional nonlinear integral term, in the
form of a convolution, is present. The presence of a kernel function introduces
a new lengthscale into the problem, and this results in additional complexity
in both the derivation of envelope equations and in the bifurcation structure.
  When the kernel is short-range, weakly nonlinear analysis results in envelope
equations of standard type but whose coefficients are modified in complicated
ways by the nonlinear nonlocal term. Nevertheless, these computations can be
formulated quite generally in terms of properties of the Fourier transform of
the kernel function. When the lengthscale associated with the kernel is longer,
our method leads naturally to the derivation of two different, novel, envelope
equations that describe aspects of the dynamics in these new regimes. The first
of these contains additional bifurcations, and unexpected loops in the
bifurcation diagram. The second of these captures the stretched-out nature of
the homoclinic snaking curves that arises due to the nonlocal term.Comment: 28 pages, 14 figures. To appear in Physica
Axial resonances a1(1260), b1(1235) and their decays from the lattice

The light axial-vector resonances $a_1(1260)$ and $b_1(1235)$ are explored in
Nf=2 lattice QCD by simulating the corresponding scattering channels $\rho\pi$
and $\omega\pi$. Interpolating fields $\bar{q} q$ and $\rho\pi$ or $\omega\pi$
are used to extract the s-wave phase shifts for the first time. The $\rho$ and
$\omega$ are treated as stable and we argue that this is justified in the
considered energy range and for our parameters $m_\pi\simeq 266~$MeV and
$L\simeq 2~$fm. We neglect other channels that would be open when using
physical masses in continuum. Assuming a resonance interpretation a
Breit-Wigner fit to the phase shift gives the $a_1(1260)$ resonance mass
$m_{a1}^{res}=1.435(53)(^{+0}_{-109})$ GeV compared to $m_{a1}^{exp}=1.230(40)$
GeV. The $a_1$ width $\Gamma_{a1}(s)=g^2 p/s$ is parametrized in terms of the
coupling and we obtain $g_{a_1\rho\pi}=1.71(39)$ GeV compared to
$g_{a_1\rho\pi}^{exp}=1.35(30)$ GeV derived from $\Gamma_{a1}^{exp}=425(175)$
MeV. In the $b_1$ channel, we find energy levels related to $\pi(0)\omega(0)$
and $b_1(1235)$, and the lowest level is found at $E_1 \gtrsim m_\omega+m_\pi$
but is within uncertainty also compatible with an attractive interaction.
Assuming the coupling $g_{b_1\omega\pi}$ extracted from the experimental width
we estimate $m_{b_1}^{res}=1.414(36)(^{+0}_{-83})$.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, updated to match published versio
On the incidence of eclipsing Am binary systems in the SuperWASP survey

The results of a search for eclipsing Am star binaries using photometry from
the SuperWASP survey are presented. The light curves of 1742 Am stars fainter
than V = 8.0 were analysed for the presences of eclipses. A total of 70 stars
were found to exhibit eclipses, with 66 having sufficient observations to
enable orbital periods to be determined and 28 of which are newly identified
eclipsing systems. Also presented are spectroscopic orbits for 5 of the
systems. The number of systems and the period distribution is found to be
consistent with that identified in previous radial velocity surveys of
`classical' Am stars.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Owing
  to large size, multi-page Figure 10 containing all 66 light curves is not
  included. Full version can be downloaded from
  http://www.astro.keele.ac.uk/~bs/Wasp_Am_Binary.pd
A Note on the Cardy-Verlinde Formula

We generalize the results of hep-th/0008140 to the case of the
(n+1)-dimensional closed FRW universe satisfying a general equation of state of
the form p=w\rho. We find that the entropy of the universe can no longer be
expressed in a form similar to the Cardy formula, when w\neq 1/n. As a result,
in general the entropy formula does not coincide with the Friedmann equation
when the conjectured bound on the Casimir energy is saturated. Furthermore, the
conjectured bound on the Casimir energy generally does not lead to the Hubble
and the Bekenstein entropy bounds.Comment: 9 pages, LaTe
Order ${\bf 1/N^3}$ corrections to the conformal anomaly of the (2,0)
  theory in six dimensions

Using Supergravity on $AdS_7\times S^4$ we calculate the bulk one-loop
contribution to the conformal anomaly of the (2,0) theory describing $N$
coincident M5 branes. When this is added to the tree-level result, and an
additional subleading order contribution calculated by Tseytlin, it gives an
expression for the anomaly that interpolates correctly between the large $N$
theory and the free (2,0) tensor theory corresponding to N=1. Thus we can argue
that we have identified the exact $N$-dependence of the anomaly, which may have
a simple protected form valid away from the large $N$ limit.Comment: LaTeX, 9 page
The anomalous dimension of the gluon-ghost mass operator in Yang-Mills
  theory

The local composite gluon-ghost operator $({1/2}A^{a\mu}A_{\mu}^{a}+\alpha
\bar{c}^{a}c^{a})$ is analysed in the framework of the algebraic
renormalization in SU(N) Yang-Mills theories in the Landau, Curci-Ferrari and
maximal abelian gauges. We show, to all orders of perturbation theory, that
this operator is multiplicatively renormalizable. Furthermore, its anomalous
dimension is not an independent parameter of the theory, being given by a
general expression valid in all these gauges. We also verify the relations we
obtain for the operator anomalous dimensions by explicit 3-loop calculations in
the MSbar scheme for the Curci-Ferrari gauge.Comment: 12 pages, LaTeX, final version to appear in Phys. Lett.
M Theory Fivebrane Interpretation for Strong Coupling Dynamics of $SO(N_{c})$ Gauge Theories

We study M theory fivebrane to understand the moduli space of vacua of $N=1$ supersymmetric $SO(N_c)$ gauge theory with $N_f$ flavors in four dimensions. We discuss how the various branches of this theory arise in string/M theory brane configuration and compare our results with the ones obtained earlier by Intriligator and Seiberg in the context of field theory. In M theory approach, we explain their appearance by finding the asymptotic position of the semiinfinite D4 branes in the $w = x^{8}+i x^{9}$ directions which is closely related to the eigenvalues of meson matrix $M^{ij} = Q^{i}_a Q^{j}_a$ where $Q^{i}_a$ is a squark multiplet ($i=1, \cdots, 2N_f$ and a=1, \cdots, N_c$). In M theory, these branches are explained by observing a new phenomenon which did not occur for the gauge groups $SU(N_c)$ or $Sp(N_c)$
Closed string tachyon potential and $tt^*$ equation

Recently Dabholkar and Vafa proposed that closed string tachyon potential for
non-supersymmetric orbifold $\C/\Z_3$ in terms of the solution of a $tt^*$
equation. We extend this result to $\C^2/\Z_n$ for $n=3,4,5$. Interestingly,
the tachyon potentials for $n=3$ and 4 are still given in terms of the
solutions of Painleve III type equation that appeared in the study of
$\C^1/\Z_3$ with different boundary conditions. For $\C^2/\Z_5$ case, governing
equations are of generalized Toda type. The potential is monotonically
decreasing function of RG flow.Comment: 15 pages, reference added. to appear in PL
QCD strings and the thermodynamics of the metastable phase of QCD at
  large $N_c$

The thermodyanmics of a metastable hadronic phase of QCD at large $N_C$ are
related to properties of an effective QCD string. In particular, it is shown
that in the large $N_c$ limit and near the maximum hadronic temperature, $T_H$,
the energy density and pressure of the metastable phase scale as ${\cal E} \sim
(T_H-T)^{-(D_\perp-6)/2}$ (for $D_\perp <6$) and $P \sim
(T_H-T)^{-(D_\perp-4)/2}$ (for $D_\perp <4$) where $D_\perp$ is the effective
number of transverse dimensions of the string theory. It is shown, however,
that for the thermodynamic quantities of interest the limits $T \to T_H$ and
$N_c \to \infty$ do not commute. The prospect of extracting $D_\perp$ via
lattice simulations of the metastable hadronic phase at moderately large $N_c$
is discussed.Comment: After this paper was published, the author became aware of an
  important early paper by Charles Thorn on the subject of the QCD phase
  transition at large N_c and its relation to the Hagedorn spectrum. Given the
  pioneering nature of Thorn's paper, and the fact that it is not as widely
  known as it should be, it is important to cite it in the present work. This
  updated version cites Thorn's wor
pi+- p differential cross sections at low energies

Differential cross sections for pi- p and pi+ p elastic scattering were
measured at five energies between 19.9 and 43.3 MeV. The use of the CHAOS
magnetic spectrometer at TRIUMF, supplemented by a range telescope for muon
background suppression, provided simultaneous coverage of a large part of the
full angular range, thus allowing very precise relative cross section
measurements. The absolute normalisation was determined with a typical accuracy
of 5 %. This was verified in a simultaneous measurement of muon proton elastic
scattering. The measured cross sections show some deviations from phase shift
analysis predictions, in particular at large angles and low energies. From the
new data we determine the real part of the isospin forward scattering
amplitude.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figures. To appear in PL
Hepatitis C Virus Infection Protein Network

A proteome-wide mapping of interactions between hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human proteins was performed to provide a comprehensive view of the cellular infection. A total of 314 protein–protein interactions between HCV and human proteins was identified by yeast two-hybrid and 170 by literature mining. Integration of this data set into a reconstructed human interactome showed that cellular proteins interacting with HCV are enriched in highly central and interconnected proteins. A global analysis on the basis of functional annotation highlighted the enrichment of cellular pathways targeted by HCV. A network of proteins associated with frequent clinical disorders of chronically infected patients was constructed by connecting the insulin, Jak/STAT and TGFβ pathways with cellular proteins targeted by HCV. CORE protein appeared as a major perturbator of this network. Focal adhesion was identified as a new function affected by HCV, mainly by NS3 and NS5A proteins
Enrolment of older people in social health protection programs in West Africa e Does social exclusion play a part?

Although the population of older people in Africa is increasing, and older people are becoming increasingly vulnerable due to urbanisation, breakdown of family structures and rising healthcare costs, most African countries have no social health protection for older people. Two exceptions include Senegal's Plan Sesame, a user fees exemption for older people and Ghana's National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) where older people are exempt from paying premiums. Evidence on whether older people are aware of and enrolling in these schemes is however lacking. We aim to fill this gap. Besides exploring economic indicators, we also investigate whether social exclusion determines enrolment of older people. This is the first study that tries to explore the social, political, economic and cultural (SPEC) dimensions of social exclusion in the context of social health protection programs for older people. Data were collected by two cross-sectional household surveys conducted in Ghana and Senegal in 2012. We develop SPEC indices and conduct logistic regressions to study the determinants of enrolment. Our results indicate that older people vulnerable to social exclusion in all SPEC dimensions are less likely to enrol in Plan Sesame and those that are vulnerable in the political dimension are less likely to enrol in NHIS. Efforts should be taken to specifically enrol older people in rural areas, ethnic minorities, women and those isolated due to a lack of social support. Consideration should also be paid to modify scheme features such as eliminating the registration fee for older people in NHIS and creating administration offices for ID cards in remote communities in Senegal
Successful uninformed bidding

This paper provides some striking results that arise in the unique symmetric equilibrium of common value multi-unit auctions in which some bidders have more information than others. We show that in a generalized second price auction with single-unit demand, bidders with less information do surprisingly well: they can have a greater probability of winning than bidders with more information do, and may even have a higher expected utility. We also find a positive relationship between the success of less-informed bidders and a ratio of units for sale to bidders.Publicad
Metallicity dependence of HMXB populations

High-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs) might have contributed a non-negligible
fraction of the energy feedback to the interstellar and intergalactic media at
high redshift, becoming important sources for the heating and ionization
history of the Universe. However, the importance of this contribution depends
on the hypothesized increase in the number of HMXBs formed in low-metallicity
galaxies and in their luminosities. In this work we test the aforementioned
hypothesis, and quantify the metallicity dependence of HMXB population
properties. We compile from the literature a large set of data on the sizes and
X-ray luminosities of HMXB populations in nearby galaxies with known
metallicities and star formation rates. We use Bayesian inference to fit simple
Monte Carlo models that describe the metallicity dependence of the size and
luminosity of the HMXB populations. We find that HMXBs are typically ten times
more numerous per unit star formation rate in low-metallicity galaxies (12 +
log(O/H) < 8, namely < 20% solar) than in solar-metallicity galaxies. The
metallicity dependence of the luminosity of HMXBs is small compared to that of
the population size. Our results support the hypothesis that HMXBs are more
numerous in low-metallicity galaxies, implying the need to investigate the
feedback in the form of X-rays and energetic mass outflows of these high-energy
sources during cosmic dawn.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy &
  Astrophysic
General U(1)xU(1) F-theory Compactifications and Beyond: Geometry of
  unHiggsings and novel Matter Structure

We construct the general form of an F-theory compactification with two U(1)
factors based on a general elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau manifold with
Mordell-Weil group of rank two. This construction produces broad classes of
models with diverse matter spectra, including many that are not realized in
earlier F-theory constructions with U(1)xU(1) gauge symmetry. Generic U(1)xU(1)
models can be related to a Higgsed non-Abelian model with gauge group
SU(2)xSU(2)xSU(3), SU(2)^3xSU(3), or a subgroup thereof. The nonlocal
horizontal divisors of the Mordell-Weil group are replaced with local vertical
divisors associated with the Cartan generators of non-Abelian gauge groups from
Kodaira singularities. We give a global resolution of codimension two
singularities of the Abelian model; we identify the full anomaly free matter
content, and match it to the unHiggsed non-Abelian model. The non-Abelian
Weierstrass model exhibits a new algebraic description of the singularities in
the fibration that results in the first explicit construction of matter in the
symmetric representation of SU(3). This matter is realized on double point
singularities of the discriminant locus. The construction suggests a
generalization to U(1)^k factors with k>2, which can be studied by Higgsing
theories with larger non-Abelian gauge groups.Comment: 83 pages, 10 figures; v2: minor correction
Taub-NUT Dynamics with a Magnetic Field

We study classical and quantum dynamics on the Euclidean Taub-NUT geometry
coupled to an abelian gauge field with self-dual curvature and show that, even
though Taub-NUT has neither bounded orbits nor quantum bound states, the
magnetic binding via the gauge field produces both. The conserved Runge-Lenz
vector of Taub-NUT dynamics survives, in a modified form, in the gauged model
and allows for an essentially algebraic computation of classical trajectories
and energies of quantum bound states. We also compute scattering cross sections
and find a surprising electric-magnetic duality. Finally, we exhibit the
dynamical symmetry behind the conserved Runge-Lenz and angular momentum vectors
in terms of a twistorial formulation of phase space.Comment: 36 pages, three figure
Potentials and Limitations of SAR Image Simulators - A Comparative Study of Three Simulation Approaches

Various applications, like for instance algorithm design, mission planning, geo-referencing, change detection, Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) or SAR data analysis, rely on simulated synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images. However, there are different SAR simulation techniques with different advantages and disadvantages. Depending on the needs of a certain application, a suitable SAR simulation technique has to be used. This paper compares three SAR image simulation approaches, RaySAR, CohRaS®, and SARViz, showing their similarities and differences. RaySAR and CohRaS® are two ray tracing based SAR image simulators. RaySAR is based on the open-source software POV-Ray, while CohRaS® is developed as SAR simulator from scratch. The third simulator, SARViz, is a real-time SAR simulator based on the rasterization approach. The geometrical features of the three simulators are compared and the differences and different applications are analyzed
Thermographic imaging: assessment of drought and heat tolerance in Spanish germplasm of Brachypodium distachyon.

The annual grass Brachypodium distachyon has been recently recognized as the model plant for functional genomics of temperate grasses, including cereals of economic relevance like wheat and barley. Sixty-two lines of B. distachyon were assessed for response to drought stress and heat tolerance. All these lines, except the reference genotype BD21, derive from specimens collected in 32 distinct locations of the Iberian Peninsula, covering a wide range of geo- climatic conditions. Sixteen lines of Brachypodium hybridum, an allotetraploid closely related to B. distachyon were used as reference of abiotic-stress well-adapted genotypes. Drought tolerance was assessed in a green-house trial. At the rosette-stage, no irrigation was applied to treated plants whereas their replicates at the control were maintained well watered during all the experiment. Thermographic images of treated and control plants were taken after 2 and 3 weeks of drought treatment, when stressed plants showed medium and extreme wilting symptoms. The mean leaf temperature of stressed (LTs) and control (LTc) plants was estimated based upon thermographic records from selected pixels (183 per image) that strictly correspond to leaf tissue. The response to drought was based on the analysis of two parameters: LTs and the thermal difference (TD) between stressed and control plants (LTs – LTc). The response to heat stress was based on LTc. Comparison of the mean values of these parameters showed that: 1) Genotypes better adapted to drought (B. hybridum lines) presented a higher LTs and TD than B. distachyon lines. 2) Under high temperature conditions, watered plants of B. hybridum lines maintained lower LTc than those of B. distachyon. Those results suggest that in these species adaptation to drought is linked to a more efficient stomata regulation: under water stress stomata are closed, increasing foliar temperature but also water use efficiency by reducing transpiration. With high temperature and water availability the results are less definite, but still seems that opening stomata allow plants to increase transpiration and therefore to diminish foliar temperature