pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A dynamically-packed planetary system around GJ667C with three
  super-Earths in its habitable zone

Since low-mass stars have low luminosities, orbits at which liquid water can
exist on Earth-sized planets are relatively close-in, which produces Doppler
signals that are detectable using state-of-the-art Doppler spectroscopy. GJ
667C is already known to be orbited by two super-Earth candidates. We
investigate whether the data supports the presence of additional companions. We
obtain new Doppler measurements from HARPS extracted spectra and combined them
with those obtained from the PFS and HIRES spectrographs. We used Bayesian and
periodogram-based methods to re-assess the number of candidates and evaluated
the confidence of each detection. Among other tests, we validated the planet
candidates by analyzing correlations of each Doppler signal activity indices
and investigate quasi-periodicity. Doppler measurements of GJ 667C are
described better by six Keplerian-like signals: the two known candidates (b and
c); three additional few-Earth mass candidates with periods of 92, 62 and 39
days (d, e and f); a cold super-Earth in a 260-day orbit (g) and tantalizing
evidence of a $\sim$ 1 M$_\oplus$ object in a close-in orbit of 17 days (h). We
explore whether long-term stable orbits are compatible with the data by
integrating 8$\times 10^4$ solutions derived from the Bayesian samplings. The
system consisting of six planets is compatible with dynamically stable
configurations. As for the solar system, the most stable solutions do not
contain mean-motion resonances and are described well by analytic
Laplace-Lagrange solutions. The presence of a seventh planet (h) is supported
by the fact that it appears squarely centered on the only island of stability
left in the six-planet solution. Habitability assessments accounting for the
stellar flux, as well as tidal dissipation effects, indicate that three (maybe
four) planets are potentially habitable...Comment: Accepted for publication in A&
An external field prior for the hidden Potts model, with application to
  cone-beam computed tomography

In images with low contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), the information gain from
the observed pixel values can be insufficient to distinguish foreground
objects. A Bayesian approach to this problem is to incorporate prior
information about the objects into a statistical model. This paper introduces a
method for representing spatial prior information as an external field in a
hidden Potts model of the image lattice. The prior distribution of the latent
pixel labels is a mixture of Gaussian fields, centred on the positions of the
objects at a previous point in time. This model is particularly applicable in
longitudinal imaging studies, where the manual segmentation of one image can be
used as a prior for automatic segmentation of subsequent images. The model is
demonstrated by application to cone-beam computed tomography (CT), an imaging
modality that exhibits distortions in pixel values due to X-ray scatter. The
external field prior results in a substantial improvement in segmentation
accuracy, reducing the mean pixel misclassification rate on our test images
from 87% to 6%
Identification, location-domination and metric dimension on interval and
  permutation graphs. II. Algorithms and complexity

We consider the problems of finding optimal identifying codes, (open)
locating-dominating sets and resolving sets (denoted IDENTIFYING CODE, (OPEN)
LOCATING-DOMINATING SET and METRIC DIMENSION) of an interval or a permutation
graph. In these problems, one asks to distinguish all vertices of a graph by a
subset of the vertices, using either the neighbourhood within the solution set
or the distances to the solution vertices. Using a general reduction for this
class of problems, we prove that the decision problems associated to these four
notions are NP-complete, even for interval graphs of diameter $2$ and
permutation graphs of diameter $2$. While IDENTIFYING CODE and (OPEN)
LOCATING-DOMINATING SET are trivially fixed-parameter-tractable when
parameterized by solution size, it is known that in the same setting METRIC
DIMENSION is $W[2]$-hard. We show that for interval graphs, this
parameterization of METRIC DIMENSION is fixed-parameter-tractable.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures. Some theorems have been restated and errors have
  been correcte
Linear programming analysis of the $R$-parity violation within
  EDM-constraints

The constraint on the $R$-parity violating supersymmetric interactions is
discussed in the light of current experimental data of the electric dipole
moment of neutron, $^{129}$Xe , $^{205}$Tl, and $^{199}$Hg atoms, and YbF and
ThO molecules. To investigate the constraints without relying upon the
assumption of the dominance of a particular combination of couplings over all
the rest, an extensive use is made of the linear programming method in the scan
of the parameter space. We give maximally possible values for the EDMs of the
proton, deuteron, $^3$He nucleus, $^{211}$Rn, $^{225}$Ra, $^{210}$Fr, and the
$R$-correlation of the neutron beta decay within the constraints from the
current experimental data of the EDMs of neutron, $^{129}$Xe, $^{205}$Tl, and
$^{199}$Hg atoms, and YbF and ThO molecules using the linear programming
method. It is found that the $R$-correlation of the neutron beta decay and
hadronic EDMs are very useful observables to constrain definite regions of the
parameter space of the $R$-parity violating supersymmetry.Comment: 24 pages, 6 figure
Walking in the 3-dimensional large $N$ scalar model

The solvability of the three-dimensional O($N$) scalar field theory in the
large $N$ limit makes it an ideal toy model exhibiting "walking" behavior,
expected in some SU($N$) gauge theories with a large number of fermion flavors.
We study the model using lattice regularization and show that when the ratio of
the particle mass to an effective 4-point coupling (with dimension mass) is
small, the beta function associated to the running 4-point coupling is
"walking". We also study lattice artifacts and finite size effects, and find
that while the former can be sizable at realistic correlation length, the
latter are under control already at lattice sizes a few ($\sim$3) correlation
lengths. We show the robustness of the walking phenomenon by showing that it
can also be observed by studying physical observables such as the scattering
phase shifts and the mass gap in finite volume.Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures, typos in the published version are correcte
Quasi-Supersymmetric $G^3$ Unification from Intersecting D6-Branes on
  Type IIA Orientifolds

We construct three quasi-supersymmetric $G^3$ GUT models with $S_3$ symmetry
and gauge coupling unification from intersecting D6-branes on Type IIA
orientifolds. The Standard Model fermions and Higgs doublets can be embedded
into the bifundamental representations in these models, and there is no any
other unnecessary massless representation. Especially in Model I with gauge
group $U(4)^3$, we just have three-family SM fermions and three pairs of Higgs
particles. The $G^3$ gauge symmetry in these models can be broken down to the
Standard Model gauge symmetry by introducing light open string states. And 1
TeV scale supersymmetry breaking soft masses imply the reasonable intermediate
string scale.Comment: Latex, 14 pages, typos fixed, version to appear in PL
One-Loop Gluon Scattering Amplitudes in Theories with $N < 4$
  Supersymmetries

Generalised unitarity techniques are used to calculate the coefficients of
box and triangle integral functions of one-loop gluon scattering amplitudes in
gauge theories with $N < 4$ supersymmetries. We show that the box coefficients
in N=1 and N=0 theories inherit the same coplanar and collinear constraints as
the corresponding N=4 coefficients. We use triple cuts to determine the
coefficients of the triangle integral functions and present, as an example, the
full expression for the one-loop amplitude $A^{N=1}(1^-,2^-,3^-,4^+,..,n^+)$.Comment: 15 pages, minor typos correcte
Enhanced Minijet Production in A-A Collisions from Gluons with Large Transverse Momenta

We find supersaturation for the intrinsic gluon distribution of nuclei, i.e. the low $x$ unintegrated nuclear gluon distribution peaks at intermediate transverse momenta $k_t=Q_s$ and vanishes at zero $k_t$. Taking into account the intrinsic transverse momenta of the gluons and the saturation scale $p_s$ of the produced gluons, we calculate the minijet cross section arising from gluon gluon scattering for RHIC energies. For central collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200GeV$ the saturation scale $p_s\approx 1.4$ GeV is larger due to intrinsic $k_t$ effects and increases with energy. Our theoretical results on charged particle multiplicity agree very well with the recent experimental data from RHIC
High-precision e-expansions of three-loop master integrals contributing to the electron g-2 in QED

In this paper we calculate at high-precision the Laurent expansions in e=(4-D)/2 of the 17 master integrals which appeared in the analytical calculation of 3-loop QED contribution to the electron g-2, using difference and differential equations. The coefficients of the expansions so obtained are in perfect agreement with all the analytical expressions already known. The values of coefficients not previously known will be used in the high-precision calculation of the 4-loop QED contribution to the electron g-2
Supersymmetric Dyonic Black Holes in Kaluza-Klein Theory

We study supersymmetric, four-dimensional (4-d), Abelian charged black holes
(BH's) arising in (4+n)-d (1 \le n \le 7) Kaluza-Klein (KK) theories. Such
solutions, which satisfy supersymmetric Killing spinor equations (formally
satisfied for any n) and saturate the corresponding Bogomol'nyi bounds, can be
obtained if and only if the isometry group of the internal space is broken down
to the U(1)_E \times U(1)_M gauge group; they correspond to dyonic BH's with
electric Q and magnetic P charges associated with {\it different} U(1) factors.
The internal metric of such configurations is diagonal with (n-2) internal
radii constant, while the remaining two radii (associated with the respective
electric and magnetic U(1) gauge fields) and the 4-d part of the metric turn
out to be independent of n, i.e., solutions are effectively those of
supersymmetric 4-d BH's of 6-d KK theory. For Q \ne 0 and P \ne 0, 4-d
space-time has a null singularity, finite temperature (T_H \propto 1 /
\sqrt{|QP|}) and zero entropy. Special cases with either Q=0 or P=0 correspond
to the supersymmetric 4-d BH's of 5-d KK theory, first derived by Gibbons and
Perry, which have a naked singularity and infinite temperature.Comment: 36 pages TEX (1 Postscript figure available via anonymous ftp to
  dept.physics.upenn.edu:/pub/UPR-623-T), UPR-623-
On the ERG approach in $3 - d$ Well Developed Turbulence

We apply the method of the Renormalization Group (GR), following the
Polchinski point of view, to a model of well developed and isotropic fluid
turbulence. The Galilei-invariance is preserved and a universal behavior,
related to the change of the stochastic stirring force, is evident by the
numerical results in the inertial region, where a scale-invariant behavior also
appear. The expected power law of the energy spectrum ($q^{-{5\over 3}}$) is
obtained and the Kolmogorov constant $C_K$ agrees with experimental data.Comment: 25 pages LaTex2e file with 2 .eps figures. submitted to Phys. Rew.
F_q[M_n], F_q[GL_n] and F_q[SL_n] as quantized hyperalgebras

The quantized universal enveloping algebra U_q(gl(n)) has two integral forms
- over Z[q,q^{-1}] - the restricted (by Lusztig) and the unrestricted (by De
Concini and Procesi) one. Dually, the quantum function algebra F_q[GL(n)] has
two integral forms, namely those of all elements - of F_q[GL(n)] - which take
values in Z[q,q^{-1}] when paired respectively with the restricted or the
unrestricted form of U_q(gl(n)). The first one is the well-known form generated
over Z[q,q^{-1}] by the entries of a q-matrix and the inverse of its quantum
determinant. In this paper instead we study the second integral form, say
F'_q[GL(n)], i.e. that of all elements which are Z[q,q^{-1}]-valued over the
unrestricted form of U_q(gl(n)). In particular we yield a presentation of it by
generators and relations, and a PBW-like theorem: in short, it is an algebra of
"quantum divided powers" and "quantum binomial coefficients". Moreover, we give
a direct proof that F'_q[GL(n)] is a Hopf subalgebra of F_q[GL(n)], and that
its specialization at q=1 is the Z-hyperalgebra over gl(n)^*, the Lie bialgebra
dual to gl(n). In addition, we describe explicitly the specializations of
F'_q[GL(n)] at roots of 1, and the associated quantum Frobenius (epi)morphism.
The same analysis is done for F'_q[SL(n)] and (as a key step) F'_q[Mat(n)]: in
fact, for the latter the strongest results are obtained.
  This work extends to general n>2 the results for n=2, already treated in
math.QA/0411440.Comment: AMS-TeX file, 34 pages. This is the final version (after the
  journal's proofs correction
Tellurium n-type doping of highly mismatched amorphous GaN1-xAsx alloys in plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy

In this paper we report our study on n-type Te doping of amorphous GaNi1-xAsx layers grown by plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. We have used a low temperature PbTe source as a source of tellurium. Reproducible and uniform tellurium incorporation in amorphous GaNi1-xAsx layers has been successfully achieved with a maximum Te concentration of 9 x 10(20) cm(-3). Tellurium incorporation resulted in n-doping of GaN1-xAsx layers with Hall carrier concentrations up to 3 x 10(19) cm(-3) and mobilities of similar to 1 cm(2)/V s. The optimal growth temperature window for efficient Te doping of the amorphous GaNi1-xAsx layers has been determined
Robot Formations Control Using Fast Marching

This paper presents the application of the Voronoi Fast Marching (V FM) method to the Control of Robot Formations. The V FM method uses the propagation of a wave (Fast Marching) operating on the world model to de- termine a motion plan over a viscosity map (similar to the refraction index in optics) extracted from the updated map model. The computational effciency of the method allows the planner to operate at high rate sensor frequencies. This method allows us to maintain good response time and smooth and safe planned trajectories. The navigation function can be classiffed as a type of potential field, but it has no local minima, it is complete (it finds the solu- tion path if it exists) and it has a complexity of order n (O(n)), where n is the number of cells in the environment map. The results presented in this paper show how the proposed method behaves with mobile robot formations and generates trajectories of good quality without problems of local minima when the formation encounters non-convex obstacles
A correction for the Hartree-Fock Density of States for Jellium without
  Screening

We revisit the Hartree-Fock (HF) calculation for the uniform electron gas, or
jellium model, whose predictions -- divergent derivative of the energy
dispersion relation and vanishing density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level --
are in qualitative disagreement with experimental evidence for simple metals.
Currently, this qualitative failure is attributed to the lack of screening in
the HF equations. Employing Slater's hyper-Hartree-Fock (HHF) equations,
derived variationally, to study the ground state and the excited states of
jellium, we find that the divergent derivative of the energy dispersion
relation and the zero in the DOS are still present, but shifted from the Fermi
wavevector and energy of jellium to the boundary between the set of
variationally optimised and unoptimised HHF orbitals. The location of this
boundary is not fixed, but it can be chosen to lie at arbitrarily high values
of wavevector and energy, well clear from the Fermi level of jellium. We
conclude that, rather than the lack of screening in the HF equations, the
well-known qualitative failure of the ground-state HF approximation is an
artifact of its nonlocal exchange operator. Other similar artifacts of the HF
nonlocal exchange operator, not associated with the lack of electronic
correlation, are known in the literature
Determination of the structure of the $X(3872)$ in $\bar p A$ collisions

Currently, the structure of the $X(3872)$ meson is unknown. Different
competing models of the $c\bar c$ exotic state $X(3872)$ exist, including the
possibilities that this state is either a mesonic molecule with dominating $D^0
\bar D^{*0} +c.c.$ composition, a $c \bar c q \bar q$ tetraquark, or a $c \bar
c$-gluon hybrid state. It is expected that the $X(3872)$ state is rather
strongly coupled to the $\bar p p$ channel and, therefore, can be produced in
$\bar p p$ and $\bar pA$ collisions at PANDA. We propose to test the
hypothetical molecular structure of $X(3872)$ by studying the $D$ or $\bar
D^{*}$ stripping reactions on a nuclear residue.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figures; version accepted in PL
X-ray nuclear activity in S^(4)G barred galaxies: no link between bar strength and co-occurrent supermassive black hole fueling

Stellar bars can lead to gas inflow toward the center of a galaxy and stimulate nuclear star formation. However, there is no compelling evidence on whether they also feed a central supermassive black hole: by measuring the fractions of barred active and inactive galaxies, previous studies have yielded conflicting results. In this paper, we aim to understand the lack of observational evidence for bar-driven active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity by studying a sample of 41 nearby (d < 35 Mpc) barred galaxies from the Spitzer Survey for Stellar Structure in Galaxies. We use Chandra observations to measure nuclear 2-10 keV X-ray luminosities and estimate Eddington ratios, together with Spitzer 3.6 μm imaging to quantify the strength of the stellar bar in two independent ways: (1) from its structure, as traced by its ellipticity and boxiness, and (2) from its gravitational torque Q_b , taken as the maximum ratio of the tangential force to the mean background radial force. In this way, rather than discretizing the presence of both stellar bars and nuclear activity, we are able to account for the continuum of bar strengths and degrees of AGN activity. We find nuclear X-ray sources in 31 out of 41 galaxies with median X-ray luminosity and Eddington ratio of L_X = 4.3 × 10^38 erg s^–1 and L_bol/L_Edd = 6.9 × 10^–6, respectively, consistent with low-luminosity AGN activity. Including upper limits for those galaxies without nuclear detections, we find no significant correlation between any of the bar strength indicators and the degree of nuclear activity, irrespective of galaxy luminosity, stellar mass, Hubble type, or bulge size. Strong bars do not favor brighter or more efficient nuclear activity, implying that at least for the low-luminosity regime, supermassive black hole fueling is not closely connected to large-scale features
The relationship between symbolic and non-symbolic numerical magnitude processing skills and the typical and atypical development of mathematics: a review of evidence from brain and behavior

Many studies tested the association between numerical magnitude processing and mathematics achievement, results differ depending on the number format used. For symbolic numbers (digits), data are consistent and robust across studies and populations: weak performance correlates with low math achievement and dyscalculia. For non-symbolic formats (dots), many conflicting findings have been reported. These inconsistencies might be explained by methodological issues. Alternatively, it might be that the processes measured by non-symbolic tasks are not critical for school-relevant mathematics. A few neuroimaging studies revealed that brain activation during number comparison correlates with the children’s mathematics achievement level, but the consistency of such relationships for symbolic and non-symbolic processing is unclear. These neurocognitive data provide ground for educational interventions, which seem to have positive effects on children's numerical development in (a)typical populations.status: publishe
The spectrum of light states in large N minimal models

W N,k minimal models possess an interesting class of ‘light’ primaries which control much of the low energy density of states in the large N ’t Hooft limit. In this paper we conduct a detailed exploration of their distribution using a combination of numerical and analytical techniques. We also make some observations about the density of states of the full CFT. Our results appear to support the contention that there is no finite temperature analogue of the Hawking-Page transition in these systems
Strangeness production in light and intermediate size nucleus–nucleus collisions

Within the statistical model, the net strangeness conservation and incomplete total strangeness equilibration lead to the suppression of strange particle multiplicities. Furthermore, suppression effects appear to be stronger in small systems. By treating the production of strangeness within the canonical ensemble formulation we developed a simple model which allows to predict the excitation function of <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> ratio in nucleus–nucleus collisions. In doing so we assumed that different values of <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup><mo stretchy="false">/</mo><msup><mrow><mi>π</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>+</mo></mrow></msup></math> , measured in p + p and Pb + Pb interactions at the same collision energy per nucleon, are driven by the finite size effects only. These predictions may serve as a baseline for experimental results from NA61/SHINE at the CERN SPS and the future CBM experiment at FAIR
Non-Bunch–Davis initial state reconciles chaotic models with BICEP and Planck

The BICEP2 experiment has announced a signal for primordial gravity waves with tensor-to-scalar ratio r=0.2−0.05+0.07 [1] . There are two ways to reconcile this result with the latest Planck experiment [2] . One is by assuming that there is a considerable tilt of r , Tr , with a positive sign, Tr=dln⁡r/dln⁡k≳0.57−0.27+0.29 corresponding to a blue tilt for the tensor modes of order nT≃0.53−0.27+0.29 , assuming the Planck experiment best-fit value for tilt of scalar power spectrum nS . The other possibility is to assume that there is a negative running in the scalar spectral index, dnS/dln⁡k≃−0.02 which pushes up the upper bound on r from 0.11 up to 0.26 in the Planck analysis assuming the existence of a tensor spectrum. Simple slow-roll models fail to provide such large values for Tr or negative runnings in nS [1] . In this note we show that a non-Bunch–Davies initial state for perturbations can provide a match between large field chaotic models (like m2ϕ2 ) with the latest Planck result [3] and BICEP2 results by accommodating either the blue tilt of r or the negative large running of nS
The Glashow resonance in neutrino–photon scattering

Reactions νlγ→W+l− (l=e,μ,τ) near the threshold s=mW+ml are analyzed. Two independent calculations of the corresponding cross sections (straightforward calculations using the Standard Electroweak Lagrangian and calculations in the framework of the parton model) are compared. It is shown that the Standard Electroweak Theory strongly suggests that these reactions proceed via the Glashow resonances. Accordingly, a hypothesis that the on-shell W bosons in the reactions νlγ→W+l− are the Glashow resonances is put forward. A role of these reactions for testing T symmetry is discussed. A model with T-violating Glashow resonances for description of the distribution of the TeV–PeV neutrino events recently observed by the IceCube Collaboration is presented