pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Massive open star clusters using the VVV survey III: A young massive
  cluster at the far edge of the Galactic bar

Context: Young massive clusters are key to map the Milky Way's structure, and
near-IR large area sky surveys have contributed strongly to the discovery of
new obscured massive stellar clusters.
  Aims: We present the third article in a series of papers focused on young and
massive clusters discovered in the VVV survey. This article is dedicated to the
physical characterization of VVV CL086, using part of its OB-stellar
population.
  Methods: We physically characterized the cluster using $JHK_S$ near-infrared
photometry from ESO public survey VVV images, using the VVV-SkZ pipeline, and
near-infrared $K$-band spectroscopy, following the methodology presented in the
first article of the series.
  Results: Individual distances for two observed stars indicate that the
cluster is located at the far edge of the Galactic bar. These stars, which are
probable cluster members from the statistically field-star decontaminated CMD,
have spectral types between O9 and B0V. According to our analysis, this young
cluster ($1.0$ Myr $<$ age $< 5.0$ Myr) is located at a distance of
$11^{+5}_{-6}$ kpc, and we estimate a lower limit for the cluster total mass of
$(2.8^{+1.6}_{-1.4})\cdot10^3 {M}_{\odot}$. It is likely that the cluster
contains even earlier and more massive stars.Comment: Accepted for publication as a Letter in A&
Small-$x$ dynamics in forward-central dijet decorrelations at the LHC

We provide a description, within the High Energy Factorization formalism, of
central-forward dijet decorrelation data measured by the CMS experiment and the
predictions for nuclear modification ratio~$R_{pA}$ in p+Pb collisions. In our
study, we use the unintegrated gluon density derived from the BFKL and BK
equations supplemented with subleading corrections and a hard scale dependence.
The latter is introduced at the final step of the calculation by reweighting
the Monte Carlo generated events using suitable Sudakov form factors, without
changing the total cross section. We achieve a good description of data in the
whole region of the azimuthal angle.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures; legends of the plots corrected, references
  added, minor refinement
Vacuum Stability in U(1)-Prime Extensions of the Standard Model with TeV
  Scale Right Handed Neutrinos

We investigate a minimal $U(1)'$ extension of the Standard Model with one
extra complex scalar and generic gauge charge assignments. We use a type-I
seesaw mechanism with three heavy right handed neutrinos to illustrate the
constraints on the charges, on their mass and on the mixing angle of the two
scalars, derived by requiring the vacuum stability of the scalar potential. We
focus our study on a scenario which could be accessible at the LHC, by
selecting a vacuum expectation value of the extra Higgs in the TeV range and
determining the constraints that emerge in the parameter space. To illustrate
the generality of the approach, specific gauge choices corresponding to
$U(1)_{B-L}, U(1)_R$ and $U(1)_\chi$ are separately analyzed. Our results are
based on a modified expression of one of the $\beta$ functions of the quartic
couplings of the scalar potential compared to the previous literature. This is
due to a change in the coefficient of the Yukawa term of the right handed
neutrinos. Differently from previous analysis, we show that this coupling may
destabilize the vacuum.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication on PL
Hadroproduction of t anti-t pair with two isolated photons with PowHel

We simulate the hadroproduction of a t anti-t pair in association with two
isolated hard photons at 13 TeV LHC using the PowHel package. We use the
generated events, stored according to the Les-Houches event format, to make
predictions for differential distributions formally at the next-to-leading
order (NLO) accuracy. We present predictions at the hadron level employing the
cone-type isolation of the photons used by experiments. We also compare the
kinematic distributions to the same distributions obtained in the t anti-t H
final state when the Higgs-boson decays into a photon pair, to which the
process discussed here is an irreducible background.Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, minor changes, version submitted for
  publicatio
A Combined Fit on the Annihilation Corrections in $B_{u,d,s}$ $\to$ $PP$
  Decays Within QCDF

Motivated by the possible large annihilation contributions implied by recent
CDF and LHCb measurements on nonleptonic annihilation B meson decays, and the
refined experimental measurements on hadronic B meson decays, we study the
strength of annihilation contributions within QCD factorization (QCDF) in this
paper. With the available measurements of two-body B_{u,d,s} -> pi pi, pi K, K
K decays, a comprehensive fit on the phenomenological parameters X_A^{i,f} (or
rho_A^{i,f} and phi_A^{i,f}) which are used to parameterize the endpoint
singularity in annihilation amplitudes is performed with the statistical chi^2
approach. It is found that (1) flavor symmetry breaking effects are hardly to
be distinguished between X_{A,s}^i and X_{A,d}^i due to the large experimental
errors and theoretical uncertainties, where X_{A,s}^i and X_{A,d}^i are related
to the nonfactorization annihilation contributions in B_s and B_{u,d} decays,
respectively. So X_{A,s}^i = X_{A,d}^i is a good approximation by now. (2) In
principle, parameter X_{A}^f which is related to the factorization annihilation
contributions and independent of the initial state can be regarded as the same
variable for B_{u,d,s} decays. (3) Numerically, two solutions are found, one is
(rho_A^i, phi_A^i) = (2.98^+1.12_-0.86,-105^+34_-24) and (rho_A^f, phi_A^f) =
(1.18^+0.20_-0.23,-40^+11_-8), the other is (rho_A^i, phi_A^i) =
(2.97^+1.19_-0.90,-105^+32_-24) and (rho_A^f, phi_A^f) =
(2.80^+0.25_-0.21,165^+4_-3). Obviously, nonfactorization annihilation
parameter X_A^i is generally unequal to factorization annihilation parameter
X_A^f, which differ from the traditional treatment. With the fitted parameters,
all results for observables of B_{u,d,s} ->pi pi, pi K, K K decays are in good
agreement with experimental data.Comment: 12 pages, version accepted by PL
Conformal Newton-Hooke algebras, Niederer's transformation and
  Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator

Dynamical systems invariant under the action of the l-conformal Newton-Hooke
algebras are constructed by the method of nonlinear realizations. The relevant
first order Lagrangians together with the corresponding Hamiltonians are found.
The relation to the Galajinsky and Masterov [Phys. Lett. B 723 (2013) 190]
approach as well as the higher derivatives formulation is discussed. The
generalized Niederer's transformation are presented which relate the systems
under consideration to those invariant under the action of the l-conformal
Galilei algebra [Nucl. Phys. B 876 (2013) 309]. As a nice application of these
results an analogue of Niederer's transformation, on the Hamiltonian level, for
the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator is constructed
Backreaction and the rolling tachyon -- an effective action point of
  view

We compute the decay of an unstable D9 brane in type IIA string theory
including backreaction effects using an effective field theory approach. The
open string tachyon on the brane is coupled consistently to the space-time
metric, the dilaton and the RR 9-form. The purpose of this note is to address
the fate of the open string energy density, which remains constant if no
interaction with the closed string modes is included. Our computations show
that taking only into account the coupling to the massless closed strings the
total energy stored in the open string sector vanishes asymptotically,
independently how small one chooses g_s. We find also the large time behaviour
of the fields in the Einstein and string frames.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures; v2: references adde
Canonical sectors of five-dimensional Chern-Simons theories

The dynamics of five-dimensional Chern-Simons theories is analyzed. These
theories are characterized by intricate self couplings which give rise to
dynamical features not present in standard theories. As a consequence, Dirac's
canonical formalism cannot be directly applied due to the presence of
degeneracies of the symplectic form and irregularities of the constraints on
some surfaces of phase space, obscuring the dynamical content of these
theories. Here we identify conditions that define sectors where the canonical
formalism can be applied for a class of non-Abelian Chern-Simons theories,
including supergravity. A family of solutions satisfying the canonical
requirements is explicitly found. The splitting between first and second class
constraints is performed around these backgrounds, allowing the construction of
the charge algebra, including its central extension.Comment: 12 pages, no figure
Toric Sasaki-Einstein metrics on S^2 x S^3

We show that by taking a certain scaling limit of a Euclideanised form of the
Plebanski-Demianski metrics one obtains a family of local toric Kahler-Einstein
metrics. These can be used to construct local Sasaki-Einstein metrics in five
dimensions which are generalisations of the Y^{p,q} manifolds. In fact, we find
that these metrics are diffeomorphic to those recently found by Cvetic, Lu,
Page and Pope. We argue that the corresponding family of smooth Sasaki-Einstein
manifolds all have topology S^2 x S^3. We conclude by setting up the equations
describing the warped version of the Calabi-Yau cones, supporting (2,1)
three-form flux.Comment: 9 pages; v2: complex coordinates give
Scalar Laplacian on Sasaki-Einstein Manifolds Y^{p,q}

We study the spectrum of the scalar Laplacian on the five-dimensional toric
Sasaki-Einstein manifolds Y^{p,q}. The eigenvalue equation reduces to Heun's
equation, which is a Fuchsian equation with four regular singularities. We show
that the ground states, which are given by constant solutions of Heun's
equation, are identified with BPS states corresponding to the chiral primary
operators in the dual quiver gauge theories. The excited states correspond to
non-trivial solutions of Heun's equation. It is shown that these reduce to
polynomial solutions in the near BPS limit.Comment: 10 pages, references adde
Toda Fields of SO(3) Hyper-Kahler Metrics

We examine the Toda frame formulation of the SO(3)-invariant hyper-Kahler
4-metrics, namely Eguchi-Hanson, Taub-NUT and Atiyah-Hitchin. Our method
exploits the presence of a rotational SO(2) isometry, leading to the explicit
construction of all three complex structures as a singlet plus a doublet. The
Atiyah-Hitchin metric on the moduli space of BPS SU(2) monopoles with magnetic
charge 2 is purely rotational.Comment: 9 pages, Latex; contribution to the proceedings of the Buckow
  Symposium (to appear in Nucl Phys B Supplement
Open-closed strings: Two-dimensional extended TQFTs and Frobenius
  algebras

We study a special sort of 2-dimensional extended Topological Quantum Field
Theories (TQFTs) which we call open-closed TQFTs. These are defined on
open-closed cobordisms by which we mean smooth compact oriented 2-manifolds
with corners that have a particular global structure in order to model the
smooth topology of open and closed string worldsheets. We show that the
category of open-closed TQFTs is equivalent to the category of knowledgeable
Frobenius algebras. A knowledgeable Frobenius algebra (A,C,i,i^*) consists of a
symmetric Frobenius algebra A, a commutative Frobenius algebra C, and an
algebra homomorphism i:C->A with dual i^*:A->C, subject to some conditions.
This result is achieved by providing a generators and relations description of
the category of open-closed cobordisms. In order to prove the sufficiency of
our relations, we provide a normal form for such cobordisms which is
characterized by topological invariants. Starting from an arbitrary such
cobordism, we construct a sequence of moves (generalized handle slides and
handle cancellations) which transforms the given cobordism into the normal
form. Using the generators and relations description of the category of
open-closed cobordisms, we show that it is equivalent to the symmetric monoidal
category freely generated by a knowledgeable Frobenius algebra. Our formalism
is then generalized to the context of open-closed cobordisms with labeled free
boundary components, i.e. to open-closed string worldsheets with D-brane labels
at their free boundaries.Comment: 47 pages; LaTeX2e with xypic and pstricks macros; corrected typo
Tutte's 5-Flow Conjecture for Highly Cyclically Connected Cubic Graphs

In 1954, Tutte conjectured that every bridgeless graph has a nowhere-zero
5-flow. Let $\omega$ be the minimum number of odd cycles in a 2-factor of a
bridgeless cubic graph. Tutte's conjecture is equivalent to its restriction to
cubic graphs with $\omega \geq 2$. We show that if a cubic graph $G$ has no
edge cut with fewer than $ {5/2} \omega - 1$ edges that separates two odd
cycles of a minimum 2-factor of $G$, then $G$ has a nowhere-zero 5-flow. This
implies that if a cubic graph $G$ is cyclically $n$-edge connected and $n \geq
{5/2} \omega - 1$, then $G$ has a nowhere-zero 5-flow
Halpha Imaging of the Herschel Reference Survey. The star formation
  properties of a volume-limited, K-band-selected sample of nearby late-type
  galaxies

We present new Halpha+[NII] imaging data of late-type galaxies in the
Herschel Reference Survey aimed at studying the star formation properties of a
K-band-selected, volume-limited sample of nearby galaxies. The Halpha+[NII]
data are corrected for [NII] contamination and dust attenuation using different
recipes based on the Balmer decrement and the 24mic luminosities. We show that
the L(Halpha) derived with different corrections give consistent results only
whenever the uncertainty on the estimate of the Balmer decrement is <=0.1. We
use these data to derive the SFR of the late-type galaxies of the sample, and
compare these estimates to those determined using independent monochromatic
tracers (FUV, radio) or the output of SED fitting codes. This comparison
suggests that the 24mic based dust extinction correction for Halpha might be
non universal, and that it should be used with caution in all objects with a
SFA, where dust heating can be dominated by the old stellar population.
Furthermore, because of the sudden truncation of the SFA of cluster galaxies
occurring after their interaction with the surrounding environment, the
stationarity conditions required to transform monochromatic fluxes into SFR
might not always be satisfied in tracers other than L(Halpha). In a similar
way, the parametrisation of the SFH generally used in SED fitting codes might
not be adequate for these recently interacting systems. We then study the SFR
luminosity distribution and the typical scaling relations of late-type
galaxies. We observe a systematic decrease of the SSFR with increasing stellar
mass, stellar mass surface density, and metallicity. We also observe an
increase of the asymmetry and smoothness parameters measured in the Halpha-band
with increasing SSFR, probably induced by an increase of the contribution of
giant HII regions to the Halpha luminosity function in SF low-luminosity
galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication on A&
Future capabilities of CME polarimetric 3D reconstructions with the
  METIS instrument: A numerical test

Understanding the 3D structure of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) is crucial
for understanding the nature and origin of solar eruptions. To derive
information on the 3D structure of CMEs from white-light (total and polarized
brightness) images, the polarization ratio technique is widely used. The
soon-to-be-launched METIS coronagraph on board Solar Orbiter will use this
technique to produce new polarimetric images. We determine the accuracy at
which the position of the centre of mass, direction and speed of propagation,
and the column density of the CME can be determined along the line of sight. We
perform a 3D MHD simulation of a flux rope ejection where a CME is produced.
From the simulation we (i) synthesize the corresponding METIS white-light
(total and polarized brightness) images and (ii) apply the polarization ratio
technique to these synthesized images and compare the results with the known
density distribution from the MHD simulation. We find that the polarization
ratio technique reproduces with high accuracy the position of the centre of
mass along the line of sight. However, some errors are inherently associated
with this determination. The polarization ratio technique also allows
information to be derived on the real 3D direction of propagation of the CME.
In addition, we find that the column density derived from white-light images is
accurate and we propose an improved technique where the combined use of the
polarization ratio technique and white-light images minimizes the error in the
estimation of column densities. Our method allows us to thoroughly test the
performance of the polarization ratio technique and allows a determination of
the errors associated with it, which means that it can be used to quantify the
results from the analysis of the forthcoming METIS observations in white light
(total and polarized brightness)
Search for a high-mass Higgs boson decaying to a $W$ boson pair in $pp$
  collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for a high-mass Higgs boson $H$ is performed in the
$H\to{WW}\to\ell\nu\ell\nu$ and $H\to{WW}\to\ell\nu{qq}$ decay channels, using
$pp$ collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3
fb$^{-1}$, collected at $\sqrt{s}=$ 8 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large
Hadron Collider. No evidence of a high-mass Higgs boson is found. Limits on
$\sigma_H\times \mathrm{BR}(H\to{WW})$ as a function of the Higgs boson mass
$m_H$ are determined in three different scenarios: one in which the heavy Higgs
boson has a narrow width compared to the experimental resolution, one a width
increasing with the boson mass and modeled by the complex-pole scheme following
the same behavior as in the Standard Model, and one for intermediate widths.
The upper range of the search is $m_H=1500$ GeV for the narrow-width scenario
and $m_H=1000$ GeV for the other two scenarios. The lower edge of the search
range is $200-300$ GeV and depends on the analysis channel and search scenario.
For each scenario, individual and combined limits from the two $WW$ decay
channels are presented. At $m_H = 1500$ GeV, the highest mass point tested,
$\sigma_H\cdot\mathrm{BR}(H\rightarrow WW)$ for a narrow-width Higgs boson is
constrained to be less than 22 fb and 6.6 fb at the 95% CL for the gluon fusion
and vector-boson fusion production modes, respectively.Comment: 52 pages plus author list (69 pages total), 16 figures, 8 tables,
  published version, all figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-19
First spectroscopic observations of the substellar companion of the young debris disk star PZ Telescopii

T.O.B.S. and R.N. acknowledge support from the German National Science Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) in grant NE 515/30-1. N.V. acknowledges support by Comité Mixto ESO-Gobierno de Chile, as well as by the Gemini-CONICYT fund 32090027. Ch.H. highlights financial support of the European Community under the FP7 by an ERC starting grant.Context. In 2010 a substellar companion to the solar analog pre-main sequence star PZ Tel and member of the approximately 12 Myr old beta Pic moving group was found by high-contrast direct imaging independently by two teams. Aims. In order to determine the basic parameters of this companion more precisely and independent of evolutionary models, hence age-independent, we obtained follow-up spectroscopic observations of the primary and companion. Methods. We used the Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observations in the Near Infrared (SINFONI) at the Very Large Telescope Unit 4/Yepun of ESO's Paranal Observatory in the H + K band and processed the data using the spectral deconvolution technique. The resulting spectrum of the companion was then compared to a grid of DRIFT-PHOENIX synthetic model spectra, a combination of a general-purpose model atmosphere code with a non-equilibrium, stationary cloud and dust model, using a chi(2) minimization analysis. Results. We find a best fitting spectral type of G6.5 for PZ Tel A. The extracted spectrum of the substellar companion, at a spatial position compatible with earlier orbit estimates, yields a temperature T-eff = 2500(-115)(+138) K, a visual extinction A(V) = 0.53(-0.53)(+0.84) mag, a surface gravity of log g = 3.50(-0.30)(+0.51) dex, and a metallicity at the edge of the grid of [M/H] = 0.30(-0.30) dex. Conclusions. We derive a luminosity of log(L-bol/L-circle dot) = -2.66(-0.08)(+0.06), a radius of R = 2.42(-0.34)(+0.28) R-Jup, and a mass of M = 7.5(-4.3)(+16.9) M-Jup for the PZ Tel companion, which is consistent with most earlier estimates using photometry alone. Combining our results with evolutionary models, we find a best-fitting mass of about 21 Jupiter masses at an age corresponding to the recently determined lithium depletion age of 7(-2)(+4) Myr. Hence, the PZ Tel companion is most likely a wide brown dwarf companion in the 12(-4)(+8) Myr old beta Pic moving group.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
OGLE-2012-BLG-0563Lb : a Saturn-mass planet around an M dwarf with the mass constrained by Subaru AO imaging

A.F. was supported by the Astrobiology Project of the Center for Novel Science Initiatives (CNSI), National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS; Grant Number AB261005). T.S. acknowledges the financial support from the JSPS, JSPS23103002, JSPS24253004, and JSPS26247023. The MOA project is supported by grants JSPS25103508 and 23340064. NJR is a Royal Society of New Zealand Rutherford Discovery Fellow. Work by C.H. was supported by Creative Research Initiative Program (2009-0081561) of National Research Foundation of Korea. S.D. is supported by "the Strategic Priority Research Program—The Emergence of Cosmological Structures" of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant No. 09000000). The OGLE project has received funding from the National Science Centre, Poland, grant MAESTRO 2014/14/A/ST9/00121 to A.U. C.S. received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under grant agreement No. 268421. K.A., D.M.B., M.D., K.H., M.H., C.L., C.S., R.A.S., and Y.T. would like to thank the Qatar Foundation for support from QNRF grant NPRP-09-476-1-078.We report the discovery of a microlensing exoplanet OGLE-2012-BLG-0563Lb with the planet–star mass ratio of ∼1 x 10-3. Intensive photometric observations of a high-magnification microlensing event allow us to detect a clear signal of the planet. Although no parallax signal is detected in the light curve, we instead succeed at detecting the flux from the host star in high-resolution JHK'-band images obtained by the Subaru/AO188 and Infrared Camera and Spectrograph instruments, allowing us to constrain the absolute physical parameters of the planetary system. With the help of spectroscopic information about the source star obtained during the high-magnification state by Bensby et al., we find that the lens system is located at 1.3-0.8+0.6 kpc from us, and consists of an M dwarf (0.34+0.12-0.20MΘ) orbited by a Saturn-mass planet (0.39-0.23+0.14 MJup) at the projected separation of 0.74-0.42+0.26 AU (close model) or 4.3-2.5+1.5 AU (wide model). The probability of contamination in the host star's flux, which would reduce the masses by a factor of up to three, is estimated to be 17%. This possibility can be tested by future high-resolution imaging. We also estimate the (J-Ks) and (H-Ks) colors of the host star, which are marginally consistent with a low metallicity mid-to-early M dwarf, although further observations are required for the metallicity to be conclusive. This is the fifth sub-Jupiter-mass (0.2 < mp/MJup < 1) microlensing planet around an M dwarf with the mass well constrained. The relatively rich harvest of sub-Jupiters around M dwarfs is contrasted with a possible paucity of ~1–2 Jupiter-mass planets around the same type of star, which can be explained by the planetary formation process in the core-accretion scheme.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe