pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Classical integrable systems and soliton equations related to eleven-vertex R-matrix

AbstractIn our recent paper we suggested a natural construction of the classical relativistic integrable tops in terms of the quantum R-matrices. Here we study the simplest case – the 11-vertex R-matrix and related gl2 rational models. The corresponding top is equivalent to the 2-body Ruijsenaars–Schneider (RS) or the 2-body Calogero–Moser (CM) model depending on its description. We give different descriptions of the integrable tops and use them as building blocks for construction of more complicated integrable systems such as Gaudin models and classical spin chains (periodic and with boundaries). The known relation between the top and CM (or RS) models allows to rewrite the Gaudin models (or the spin chains) in the canonical variables. Then they assume the form of n-particle integrable systems with 2n constants. We also describe the generalization of the top to 1+1 field theories. It allows us to get the Landau–Lifshitz type equation. The latter can be treated as non-trivial deformation of the classical continuous Heisenberg model. In a similar way the deformation of the principal chiral model is described
Assessing the perceived quality of brachial artery Flow Mediated Dilation studies for inclusion in meta-analyses and systematic reviews: Description of data employed in the development of a scoring ;tool based on currently accepted guidelines

AbstractBrachial artery Flow Mediated Dilation (FMD) is widely used as a non-invasive measure of endothelial function. Adherence to expert consensus guidelines on FMD measurement has been found to be of vital importance to obtain reproducible data. This article lists the literature data which was considered in the development of a tool to aid in the objective judgement of the extent to which published studies adhered to expert guidelines for FMD measurement. Application of this tool in a systematic review of FMD studies (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.03.011) (Greyling et al., 2016 [1]) indicated that adherence to expert consensus guidelines is strongly correlated to the reproducibility of FMD data
METACOHORTS for the study of vascular disease and its contribution to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration: An initiative of the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research

AbstractDementia is a global problem and major target for health care providers. Although up to 45% of cases are primarily or partly due to cerebrovascular disease, little is known of these mechanisms or treatments because most dementia research still focuses on pure Alzheimer's disease. An improved understanding of the vascular contributions to neurodegeneration and dementia, particularly by small vessel disease, is hampered by imprecise data, including the incidence and prevalence of symptomatic and clinically “silent” cerebrovascular disease, long-term outcomes (cognitive, stroke, or functional), and risk factors. New large collaborative studies with long follow-up are expensive and time consuming, yet substantial data to advance the field are available. In an initiative funded by the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, 55 international experts surveyed and assessed available data, starting with European cohorts, to promote data sharing to advance understanding of how vascular disease affects brain structure and function, optimize methods for cerebrovascular disease in neurodegeneration research, and focus future research on gaps in knowledge. Here, we summarize the results and recommendations from this initiative. We identified data from over 90 studies, including over 660,000 participants, many being additional to neurodegeneration data initiatives. The enthusiastic response means that cohorts from North America, Australasia, and the Asia Pacific Region are included, creating a truly global, collaborative, data sharing platform, linked to major national dementia initiatives. Furthermore, the revised World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases version 11 should facilitate recognition of vascular-related brain damage by creating one category for all cerebrovascular disease presentations and thus accelerate identification of targets for dementia prevention
Microplastic Moves Pollutants and Additives to Worms, Reducing Functions Linked to Health and Biodiversity

SummaryInadequate products, waste management, and policy are struggling to prevent plastic waste from infiltrating ecosystems [1, 2]. Disintegration into smaller pieces means that the abundance of micrometer-sized plastic (microplastic) in habitats has increased [3] and outnumbers larger debris [2, 4]. When ingested by animals, plastic provides a feasible pathway to transfer attached pollutants and additive chemicals into their tissues [5–15]. Despite positive correlations between concentrations of ingested plastic and pollutants in tissues of animals, few, if any, controlled experiments have examined whether ingested plastic transfers pollutants and additives to animals. We exposed lugworms (Arenicola marina) to sand with 5% microplastic that was presorbed with pollutants (nonylphenol and phenanthrene) and additive chemicals (Triclosan and PBDE-47). Microplastic transferred pollutants and additive chemicals into gut tissues of lugworms, causing some biological effects, although clean sand transferred larger concentrations of pollutants into their tissues. Uptake of nonylphenol from PVC or sand reduced the ability of coelomocytes to remove pathogenic bacteria by >60%. Uptake of Triclosan from PVC diminished the ability of worms to engineer sediments and caused mortality, each by >55%, while PVC alone made worms >30% more susceptible to oxidative stress. As global microplastic contamination accelerates, our findings indicate that large concentrations of microplastic and additives can harm ecophysiological functions performed by organisms
On the Landau–Ginzburg theory of MAG projected SU(2) lattice gauge theory

AbstractMaximal Abelian gauge fixing and subsequent Abelian projection of SU(2) lattice gauge theory defines closed trajectories of magnetic monopoles. These trajectories can be interpreted in terms of an effective scalar field theory of the MAG monopoles using the world line representation of the functional determinants. Employing the monopole world lines detected in the numerical simulation, we show that a scalar bound state exists. The screening mass m of this state properly scales towards the continuum limit. We find m≈1.4 GeV when the string tension σ=440 MeV is used as reference scale
The effects of technological voids on the hydro-mechanical behaviour of compacted bentonite–sand mixture

AbstractCompacted bentonite-based materials are often used as buffer materials in radioactive waste disposal. A good understanding of their hydro-mechanical behaviour is essential to ensure disposal safety. In this study, a mixture of MX80 bentonite and sand was characterised in the laboratory in terms of water retention property, swelling pressure, compressibility and hydraulic conductivity. The effects of the technological voids or the voids inside the soil were investigated. The technological voids are referred to as the macro-pores related to different interfaces involving the buffer material, whereas the voids inside the soil are referred to as common macro-pores within the compacted bentonite/sand mixture. The results obtained show that at high suction, the amount of water absorbed in the soil depends solely on suction, whereas at low suction it depends on both suction and the bentonite void ratio. There is a unique relationship between the swelling pressure and the bentonite void ratio, regardless of the sample nature (homogeneous or not) and the sand fraction. However, at the same bentonite void ratio, a higher hydraulic conductivity was obtained on the samples with technological voids. The effect of sand fraction was evidenced in the mechanical yield behaviour: at the same bentonite void ratio, the bentonite–sand mixture yielded at a higher pre-consolidation stress
What Works or What's Worked? Evidence from Education in the United Kingdom

AbstractThis paper deliberates the quality of existing evidence on educational school-based interventions aiming to improve pupils’ attainment. An overall picture as well as more specific examples derived from the “Sutton Trust-Education Endowment Foundation (EEF) Teaching and Learning Toolkit” will be discussed presenting different cases and versions of the Toolkit (Early Years Toolkit). The main sources of studies are meta-analyses and systematic reviews with quantitative data, where they have enough information for the calculation of effect sizes (ES). This is an ongoing project; so some representative finding will be discussed providing a best estimate of what is likely to be beneficial in a number of areas of educational practice
Belief Scheduler based on model failure detection in the TBM framework. Application to human activity recognition

AbstractA tool called Belief Scheduler is proposed for state sequence recognition in the Transferable Belief Model (TBM) framework. This tool makes noisy temporal belief functions smoother using a Temporal Evidential Filter (TEF). The Belief Scheduler makes belief on states smoother, separates the states (assumed to be true or false) and synchronizes them in order to infer the sequence. A criterion is also provided to assess the appropriateness between observed belief functions and a given sequence model. This criterion is based on the conflict information appearing explicitly in the TBM when combining observed belief functions with predictions. The Belief Scheduler is part of a generic architecture developed for on-line and automatic human action and activity recognition in videos of athletics taken with a moving camera. In experiments, the system is assessed on a database composed of 69 real athletics video sequences. The goal is to automatically recognize running, jumping, falling and standing-up actions as well as high jump, pole vault, triple jump and long jump activities of an athlete. A comparison with Hidden Markov Models for video classification is also provided
SU(5) tops with multiple U(1)s in F-theory

AbstractWe study F-theory compactifications with up to two Abelian gauge group factors that are based on elliptically fibred Calabi–Yau 4-folds describable as generic hypersurfaces. Special emphasis is put on elliptic fibrations based on generic Bl2P2[3]-fibrations. These exhibit a Mordell–Weil group of rank two corresponding to two extra rational sections which give rise to two Abelian gauge group factors. We show that an alternative description of the same geometry as a complete intersection makes the existence of a holomorphic zero-section manifest, on the basis of which we compute the U(1) generators and a class of gauge fluxes. We analyse the fibre degenerations responsible for the appearance of localised charged matter states, whose charges, interactions and chiral index we compute geometrically. We implement an additional SU(5) gauge group by constructing the four inequivalent toric tops giving rise to SU(5)×U(1)×U(1) gauge symmetry and analyse the matter content. We demonstrate that notorious non-flat points can be avoided in well-defined Calabi–Yau 4-folds. These methods are applied to the remaining possible hypersurface fibrations with one generic Abelian gauge factor. We analyse the local limit of our SU(5)×U(1)×U(1) models and show that one of our models is not embeddable into E8 due to recombination of matter curves that cannot be described as a Higgsing of E8. We argue that such recombination forms a general mechanism that opens up new model building possibilities in F-theory
A comparison of clinical and nonclinical groups of children on the Bender-Gestalt and Draw a Person Tests

AbstractThe present study compared a clinical and a control sample of Turkish children on the Bender Gestalt and Draw A Person tests. 44 of the children from a clinic sample were compared to 44 children from a matched nonclinical school sample The tests were scored according to the Koppitz criteria. ANOVA comparisons showed differences on the Bender Gestalt test, and the HFD. The two groups did not differ on the number of Emotional Indicators. Correct classification of the children in the clinical groups based on the presence of Emotional Indicators was accurate only in 56% of the cases
Grasping the other’s attention: The role of animacy in action cueing of joint attention

AbstractThe current experiment investigates the role of animacy on grasp-cueing effects as investigated in joint attention research. In a simple detection task participants responded to the colour change of one of two objects of identical size. Before the target onset, we presented a cueing stimulus consisting of either two human hands with a small and a large grip aperture (animate condition) or two comparable U-shaped figures with small and large aperture (inanimate condition). Depending on the size of the objects and the arrangement of the apertures (i.e., large aperture to the left and small aperture to the right or vice versa), either the left or right object matched the grasping hand or U-shapes. Our data show that biological grasping actions modulate the observer’s attention whereas the perception of inanimate stimuli does not result in a comparable cueing effect. This strong impact of animacy on attentional priming suggests that grasp cueing represents a marker of a joint attention mechanism that involves spontaneous simulation of the observed motor behaviour
Constraints on quark energy loss from Drell–Yan data

AbstractA leading-order analysis of E866/NuSea and NA3 Drell–Yan data in nuclei is carried out. At Fermilab energy, the large uncertainties in the amount of sea quark shadowing prohibit clarifying the origin of the nuclear dependence observed experimentally. On the other hand, the small shadowing contribution to the Drell–Yan process in π−–A collisions at SPS allows one to set tight constraints on the energy loss of fast quarks in nuclear matter. We find the transport coefficient to be q̂=0.24±0.18 GeV/fm2 that corresponds to a mean energy loss per unit length −dE/dz=0.20±0.15 GeV/fm for Eq>50 GeV quarks in a large (A≈200) nucleus
Non-linear evolution of pomeron and odderon in momentum space

AbstractThe small x evolution of the QCD pomeron and the QCD odderon is investigated in the mean field limit of the color glass condensate. The resulting system of coupled non-linear evolution equations is transformed to the momentum space and analyzed at a very small momentum transfer. The main properties of the C-even and C-odd dipole densities in momentum space are obtained analytically. The critical scaling dimension is found for the odderon and the universal asymptotic behavior of the solutions is determined for small and large gluon momenta. We find that the same saturation scale characterizes both the pomeron and the odderon and both densities depend on the momentum only through the geometric scaling variable. The absorptive effects are found to cause a strong suppression of the odderon exchange amplitude for momenta below saturation scale and only a moderate suppression for larger momenta
C–C bond-forming reactions of ground-state aryl halides under reductive activation

AbstractUnder basic conditions aryl halides can undergo SRN1 reactions, BHAS reactions and benzyne formations. Appropriate complex substrates afford an opportunity to study inherent selectivities. SRN1 reactions are usually favoured under photoactivated conditions, but this paper reports their success using ground-state and transition metal-free conditions. In benzene, the enolate salt 12, derived by deprotonation of diketopiperazine 11, behaves as an electron donor, and assists the initiation of the reactions, but in DMSO, it is not required. The outcomes are compared and contrasted with a recent photochemical study on similar substrates. A particular difference is the prevalence of hydride shuttle reactions under relatively mild thermal conditions
Importance of Knowledge Management Processes in a Project-based organization: A Case Study of Research Enterprise

AbstractKnowledge Management (KM) is vital factor to successfully undertake projects. The temporary nature of projects necessitates employing useful KM practices for tackling issues such as knowledge leakiness and rework. The Project Management Office (PMO) is a unit within organizations to facilitate and oversee organizational projects. Project Management Maturity Models (PMMM) shows the development of PMOs from immature to mature levels. The existing PMMMs have focused on discussing Project Management (PM) practices, however, the management of project knowledge is yet to be addressed, at various levels of maturity. This research project was undertaken to investigate the mentioned gap for addressing KM practices at the existing PMMMs. Due to the exploratory and inductive nature of this research, qualitative methods were chosen as the research methodology. In total, three cases selected from different industries: research; mining and government organizations, to provide broad categories for research and research questions were examined using the developed framework.This paper presents the partial findings of undertaken investigation of the research organisation with the lowest level of maturity. The result shows that knowledge creation and capturing are the most important processes, while knowledge transferring and reusing are not as important as the other two processes. In addition, it was revealed that provision of “knowledge about client” and “project management knowledge” are the most important types of knowledge that are required at this level of maturity. In conclusion, the outcomes of this paper shall provide powerful guidance to PMOs at lowest level of maturity from KM point of view
Measurement of jet suppression in central Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

AbstractThe transverse momentum (pT) spectrum and nuclear modification factor (RAA) of reconstructed jets in 0–10% and 10–30% central Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV were measured. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-kT jet algorithm with a resolution parameter of R=0.2 from charged and neutral particles, utilizing the ALICE tracking detectors and Electromagnetic Calorimeter (EMCal). The jet pT spectra are reported in the pseudorapidity interval of |ηjet|<0.5 for 40<pT,jet<120 GeV/c in 0–10% and for 30<pT,jet<100 GeV/c in 10–30% collisions. Reconstructed jets were required to contain a leading charged particle with pT>5 GeV/c to suppress jets constructed from the combinatorial background in Pb–Pb collisions. The leading charged particle requirement applied to jet spectra both in pp and Pb–Pb collisions had a negligible effect on the RAA. The nuclear modification factor RAA was found to be 0.28±0.04 in 0–10% and 0.35±0.04 in 10–30% collisions, independent of pT,jet within the uncertainties of the measurement. The observed suppression is in fair agreement with expectations from two model calculations with different approaches to jet quenching
Draw Bending Method of Seizure for Pure Titanium Sheet

AbstractIn order to evaluate the seizure of pressing process, we adopted a draw bending method to use pure titanium sheets of 1.0mm in thickness (JIS TP340, ASTM Grade2). The draw bending method was simulated under the conditions of die wall for pressing the glasses frame. The titanium sheet was dragged into the clearance between upper punch and die by the fall motion of the upper punch. The seizure occurred at the shoulder part and side wall part of die. The working conditions changed within the bending radius of die, the lubricating condition and punch speed. The surface roughness of titanium sheets and die surface were measured by the surface measuring instrument using PGI (Phase Grating Interferometry) system (Taylor Hobson Form Talysurf 1200). The surface roughness and the punch load increased intensely within a 10mm of sliding distance under the non-lubricant condition, and increased gradually within a range of 10 to 50mm in every die radius. The load of draw bending process was related to the variation of surface roughness. The seizure of the pressing process, occurring between the surfaces of specimen and die, was estimated by measuring the arithmetic mean roughness
Secant varieties to osculating varieties of Veronese embeddings of Pn

AbstractA well-known theorem by Alexander–Hirschowitz states that all the higher secant varieties of Vn,d (the d-uple embedding of Pn) have the expected dimension, with few known exceptions. We study here the same problem for Tn,d, the tangential variety to Vn,d, and prove a conjecture, which is the analogous of Alexander–Hirschowitz theorem, for n⩽9. Moreover, we prove that it holds for any n,d if it holds for d=3. Then we generalize to the case of Ok,n,d, the k-osculating variety to Vn,d, proving, for n=2, a conjecture that relates the defectivity of σs(Ok,n,d) to the Hilbert function of certain sets of fat points in Pn
The rotor–router model on regular trees

AbstractThe rotor–router model is a deterministic analogue of random walk. It can be used to define a deterministic growth model analogous to internal DLA. We show that the set of occupied sites for this model on an infinite regular tree is a perfect ball whenever it can be, provided the initial rotor configuration is acyclic (that is, no two neighboring vertices have rotors pointing to one another). This is proved by defining the rotor–router group of a graph, which we show is isomorphic to the sandpile group. We also address the question of recurrence and transience: We give two rotor configurations on the infinite ternary tree, one for which chips exactly alternate escaping to infinity with returning to the origin, and one for which every chip returns to the origin. Further, we characterize the possible “escape sequences” for the ternary tree, that is, binary words a1…an for which there exists a rotor configuration so that the kth chip escapes to infinity if and only if ak=1
The inverse spectral problem for radial Schrödinger operators on [0,1]

AbstractWe consider an inverse spectral problem for a class of singular Sturm–Liouville operators on the unit interval with explicit singularity a(a+1)/x2, a∈N, related to the Schrödinger operator with a radially symmetric potential. The purpose of this paper is the global parametrization of potentials by the spectral data λa and some norming constants κa. For a=0 or 1, λa×κa is already known to be a global coordinate system on LR2(0,1). Using some transformation operators, we show that this result holds for any non-negative integer a; moreover, we give a description of the isospectral sets
The KK¯π decay of the f1(1285) and its nature as a K⁎K¯−cc molecule

AbstractWe investigate the decay of f1(1285)→πKK¯ with the assumption that the f1(1285) is dynamically generated from the K⁎K¯−cc interaction. In addition to the tree level diagrams that proceed via f1(1285)→K⁎K¯−cc→πKK¯, we take into account also the final state interactions of KK¯→KK¯ and πK→πK. The partial decay width and mass distributions of f1(1285)→πKK¯ are evaluated. We get a value for the partial decay width which, within errors, is in fair agreement with the experimental result. The contribution from the tree level diagrams is dominant, but the final state interactions have effects in the mass distributions. The predicted mass distributions are significantly different from phase space and tied to the K⁎K¯−cc nature of the f1(1285) state