pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Period-Luminosity-Colour distribution and classification of Galactic oxygen-rich LPVs I. Luminosity calibrations

The absolute K magnitudes and kinematic parameters of about 350 oxygen-rich Long-Period Variable stars are calibrated, by means of an up-to-date maximum-likelihood method, using HIPPARCOS parallaxes and proper motions together with radial velocities and, as additional data, periods and V-K colour indices. Four groups, differing by their kinematics and mean magnitudes, are found. For each of them, we also obtain the distributions of magnitude, period and de-reddened colour of the base population, as well as de-biased period-luminosity-colour relations and their two-dimensional projections. The SRa semiregulars do not seem to constitute a separate class of LPVs. The SRb appear to belong to two populations of different ages. In a PL diagram, they constitute two evolutionary sequences towards the Mira stage. The Miras of the disk appear to pulsate on a lower-order mode. The slopes of their de-biased PL and PC relations are found to be very different from the ones of the Oxygen Miras of the LMC. This suggests that a significant number of so-called Miras of the LMC are misclassified. This also suggests that the Miras of the LMC do not constitute a homogeneous group, but include a significant proportion of metal-deficient stars, suggesting a relatively smooth star formation history. As a consequence, one may not trivially transpose the LMC period-luminosity relation from one galaxy to the other
From saturated to unsaturated conditions and vice versa.

Representing transitions between saturated and unsaturated conditions, during drying, wetting and loading paths, is a necessary step for a consistent unification between saturated and unsaturated soil mechanics. Transitions from saturated to unsaturated conditions during drying will occur at a nonzero air-entry value of suction, whereas transitions from unsaturated to saturated conditions during wetting or loading will occur at a lower nonzero air-exclusion value of suction. Air-entry and air-exclusion values of suction for a given soil will differ (representing hysteresis in the retention behaviour) and both are affected by changes in the dry density of the soil or by the occurrence of plastic volumetric strains. The paper demonstrates, through model simulations and comparison with experimental data from the literature (covering drying, wetting and loading tests), that the Glasgow Coupled Model (GCM), a coupled elasto-plastic constitutive model covering both mechanical and retention behaviour, represents transitions between unsaturated and saturated behaviour in a consistent fashion. Key aspects of the GCM are the use of Bishop’s stress tensor for mechanical behaviour, the additional influence of degree of saturation on mechanical yielding, inclusion of hysteresis in the retention behaviour, and the role of plastic volumetric strains (and not total volumetric strains) in the description of the water retention response. The success of the GCM in representing consistently transitions between saturated and unsaturated conditions, together with subsequent mechanical and retention responses, demonstrates the potential of this coupled constitutive model for numerical modelling of boundary value problems involving saturated and unsaturated conditions
The development of selective inhibitors of NagZ : increased susceptibility of Gram-negative bacteria to β-lactams

This work was supported by a Wellcome Trust Fellowship to T Gloster.The increasing incidence of inducible chromosomal AmpC β-lactamases within the clinic is a growing concern because these enzymes deactivate a broad range of even the most recently developed β-lactam antibiotics. As a result, new strategies are needed to block the action of this antibiotic resistance enzyme. Presented here is a strategy to combat the action of inducible AmpC by inhibiting the β-glucosaminidase NagZ, which is an enzyme involved in regulating the induction of AmpC expression. A divergent route facilitating the rapid synthesis of a series of N-acyl analogues of 2-acetamido-2-deoxynojirimycin is reported here. Among these compounds are potent NagZ inhibitors that are selective against functionally related human enzymes. These compounds reduce minimum inhibitory concentration values for β-lactams against a clinically relevant Gram-negative bacterium bearing inducible chromosomal AmpC β-lactamase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The structure of a NagZ-inhibitor complex provides insight into the molecular basis for inhibition by these compounds.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Address terms in turn beginnings: managing disalignment and disaffiliation in telephone counseling

This article was published in the journal, Research on Language and Social Interaction [© Taylor & Francis (Routledge)] and the definitive version is available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08351813.2011.619311This article examines use of address terms by counselors on a telephone counseling service for children and young people. Drawing on conversation analytic findings and methods, we show how personal names are used in the management of structural and interpersonal aspects of counseling interaction. Focusing on address terms in turn beginnings—where a name is used as, or as part of, a preface—the analysis shows that address terms are used in turns that are not fitted with prior talk in terms of either the activity or affective stance of the client. We discuss two environments in which this practice is observed: in beginning turns that initiate a new action sequence and in turns that challenge the client's position. Our focus is on the use of client names in the context of producing disaligning or disaffiliative actions. In disaligned actions, counselors produced sequentially disjunctive turns that regularly involved a return to a counseling agenda. In disaffiliative actions, counselors presented a stance that did not fit with the affective stance of the client in the prior turn—for instance, in disagreeing with or complimenting the client. The article discusses how such turns invoke a counseling agenda and how name use is used in the management of rapport and trust in counseling interaction
Is youth unemployment really the major worry? (AOM)

Youth unemployment is neither the only nor the basic problem of the European labour market. The comparative analysis of unemployment data demonstrates that the unemployment of older people is even more serious. The article proves that the weight of young people in total unemployment has as a tendency been declining in the “inner periphery” of the EU, among them in Central and Eastern European member states (CEECs). The trend is just the opposite in the developed or “core” countries of the Union where youngsters took a higher share in total unemployment in 2012 than 10-12 years ago. In Europe there are millions of young people beyond the active unemployed who do not want to work or think they cannot find a job that fulfils their expectations and refuse to take part in any kind of education or training (NEETs-“Not in Employment, Education or Training”). By estimating the rate of NEETs in the adult population the article claims that the NEETs-phenomenon is not the differentia specifica of the youth. At the end the article details two suggestions for the mitigation of the problem. It concludes that the joblessness in Europe is an old and tendencially worsening problem that cannot be solved by particular policies
REM near-IR and optical multiband observations of PKS2155-304 in 2005

Spectral variability is the main tool for constraining emission models of BL
  Lac objects. By means of systematic observations of the BL Lac prototype PKS
2155-304 in the infrared-optical band, we explore variability on the scales of
months, days and hours. We made our observations with the robotic 60 cm
telescope REM located at La Silla, Chile. VRIJHK filters were used. PKS
2155-304 was observed from May to December 2005. The wavelength interval
explored, the total number of photometric points and the short integration time
render our photometry substantially superior to previous ones for this source.
On the basis of the intensity and colour we distinguish three different states
of the source, each of duration of months, which include all those described in
the literature. In particular, we report the highest state ever detected in the
H band. The source varied by a factor of 4 in this band, much more than in the
V band (a factor ~2). The source softened with increasing intensity, contrary
to the general pattern observed in the UV-X-ray bands. On five nights of
November we had nearly continuous monitoring for 2-3 hours. A variability
episode with a time scale of ~24 h is well documented, a much more rapid flare
with t=1-2 h, is also apparent, but is supported by relatively few points.Comment: This paper is the corrected version of the paper published in A&A 469
  503. It contains the material in the "Errata Corrrige", in press in A&
Statistical mechanical theory of an oscillating isolated system. The
  relaxation to equilibrium

In this contribution we show that a suitably defined nonequilibrium entropy
of an N-body isolated system is not a constant of the motion in general and its
variation is bounded, the bounds determined by the thermodynamic entropy, i.e.,
the equilibrium entropy. We define the nonequilibrium entropy as a convex
functional of the set of n-particle reduced distribution functions
(n=0,......., N) generalizing the Gibbs fine-grained entropy formula.
Additionally, as a consequence of our microscopic analysis we find that this
nonequilibrium entropy behaves as a free entropic oscillator. In the approach
to the equilibrium regime we find relaxation equations of the Fokker-Planck
type, particularly for the one-particle distribution function
Frequency-resolved Monte Carlo.

We adapt the Quantum Monte Carlo method to the cascaded formalism of quantum optics, allowing us to simulate the emission of photons of known energy. Statistical processing of the photon clicks thus collected agrees with the theory of frequency-resolved photon correlations, extending the range of applications based on correlations of photons of prescribed energy, in particular those of a photon-counting character. We apply the technique to autocorrelations of photon streams from a two-level system under coherent and incoherent pumping, including the Mollow triplet regime where we demonstrate the direct manifestation of leapfrog processes in producing an increased rate of two-photon emission events
ND3, ND1 and 39 kDa subunits are more exposed in the de-active form of bovine mitochondrial complex i

This study was supported by MRC grants G1100051 (to A.G.) and by the Cluster of Excellence “Macromolecular Complexes” at the Goethe University Frankfurt [EXC 115], the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Sonderforschungsbereich 815 project Z1-Redox-Proteomics and by the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Grant BMBF [01GM1113B] mitoNET-Deutsches Netzwerk für mitochondriale Erkrankungen (to I.W.).An intriguing feature of mitochondrial complex I from several species is the so-called A/D transition, whereby the idle enzyme spontaneously converts from the active (A) form to the de-active (D) form. The A/D transition plays an important role in tissue response to the lack of oxygen and hypoxic deactivation of the enzyme is one of the key regulatory events that occur in mitochondria during ischaemia. We demonstrate for the first time that the A/D conformational change of complex I does not affect the macromolecular organisation of supercomplexes in vitro as revealed by two types of native electrophoresis. Cysteine 39 of the mitochondrially-encoded ND3 subunit is known to become exposed upon de-activation. Here we show that even if complex I is a constituent of the I + III + IV (S) supercomplex, cysteine 39 is accessible for chemical modification in only the D-form. Using lysine-specific fluorescent labelling and a DIGE-like approach we further identified two new subunits involved in structural rearrangements during the A/D transition: ND1 (MT-ND1) and 39 kDa (NDUFA9). These results clearly show that structural rearrangements during de-activation of complex I include several subunits located at the junction between hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains, in the region of the quinone binding site. De-activation of mitochondrial complex I results in concerted structural rearrangement of membrane subunits which leads to the disruption of the sealed quinone chamber required for catalytic turnover. CrownPublisher PDFPeer reviewe
Nucleon Emision Off Nuclei Induced By Neutrino Interactions

We make a review of the main nuclear effects that affect neutrino-nucleus
cross sections. We discuss how the different models in the literature try to
describe these different effects, and thus try to compare between them. We
focus on the quasi-elastic reaction in the neutrino energy region of around 1
GeV, where recent data from MiniBoone are available. Among the issues discussed
are the different treatment of medium corrections to initial and nal state
nucleon wave functions and the problem of the rescattering of ejected nucleons.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures. To appear in the proceedings for NuFact09; July
  20-25, (2009) Illinois Institute of Technolog
Type I and $new$ seesaw in left-right symmetric theories

We extend the Type I seesaw and suggest a $new$ seesaw mechanism to generate
neutrino masses within the left-right symmetric theories where parity is
spontaneously broken. We construct a next to minimal left-right symmetric model
where neutrino masses are determined irrespective of the B-L breaking scale and
call it the $new$ seesaw mechanism. In this scenario B-L scale can be very low.
This makes B-L gauge boson and the quasi-Dirac $heavy$ leptons very light.
These TeV scale particles could have large impact on lepton flavor and CP
violating processes. We also shed light on the phenomenological aspects of the
model within the reach of the LHC.Comment: 10 pages, Published in PL
Exactness of the reduction on \'etale modules

We prove the exactness of the reduction map from \'etale
$(\phi,\Gamma)$-modules over completed localized group rings of compact open
subgroups of unipotent $p$-adic algebraic groups to usual \'etale
$(\phi,\Gamma)$-modules over Fontaine's ring. This reduction map is a component
of a functor from smooth $p$-power torsion representations of $p$-adic
reductive groups (or more generally of Borel subgroups of these) to
$(\phi,\Gamma)$-modules. Therefore this gives evidence for this functor---which
is intended as some kind of $p$-adic Langlands correspondence for reductive
groups---to be exact. We also show that the corresponding higher
$\Tor$-functors vanish. Moreover, we give the example of the Steinberg
representation as an illustration and show that it is acyclic for this functor
to $(\phi,\Gamma)$-modules whenever our reductive group is
$\GL_{d+1}(\mathbb{Q}_p)$ for some $d\geq 1$.Comment: 18 pages; some typos corrected and proof of Lemma 1 rewritten, to
  appear in Journal of Algebr
Probability boxes on totally preordered spaces for multivariate
  modelling

A pair of lower and upper cumulative distribution functions, also called
probability box or p-box, is among the most popular models used in imprecise
probability theory. They arise naturally in expert elicitation, for instance in
cases where bounds are specified on the quantiles of a random variable, or when
quantiles are specified only at a finite number of points. Many practical and
formal results concerning p-boxes already exist in the literature. In this
paper, we provide new efficient tools to construct multivariate p-boxes and
develop algorithms to draw inferences from them. For this purpose, we formalise
and extend the theory of p-boxes using Walley's behavioural theory of imprecise
probabilities, and heavily rely on its notion of natural extension and existing
results about independence modeling. In particular, we allow p-boxes to be
defined on arbitrary totally preordered spaces, hence thereby also admitting
multivariate p-boxes via probability bounds over any collection of nested sets.
We focus on the cases of independence (using the factorization property), and
of unknown dependence (using the Fr\'echet bounds), and we show that our
approach extends the probabilistic arithmetic of Williamson and Downs. Two
design problems---a damped oscillator, and a river dike---demonstrate the
practical feasibility of our results.Comment: 33 pages, 8 figures; v2: added keywords, added doi lin
Comparison of theoretical white dwarf cooling timescales

An accurate assessment of white dwarf cooling times is paramount to place
white dwarf cosmochronology of Galactic populations on more solid grounds. This
issue is particularly relevant in view of the enhanced observational
capabilities provided by the next generation of Extremely Large Telescopes,
that will offer more avenues to employ white dwarfs as probes of Galactic
evolution and test-beds of fundamental physics. We estimate for the first time
the consistency of results obtained from two independent and widely used
evolutionary codes (BaSTI and LPCODE) for white dwarf models with fixed mass
and chemical stratification, when the same input physics is employed in both
codes. We considered 0.55Msun white dwarf models with both pure carbon and
uniform carbon-oxygen (50/50 mass fractions) core. We have assessed for the
first time the maximum possible accuracy in the current estimates of white
dwarf cooling times, resulting only from the different implementations of the
stellar evolution equations and homogeneous input physics in two independent
stellar evolution codes. This accuracy amounts to 2% at luminosities lower than
log(L/L_{\sun})= -1.5$. This agreement is true for both pure carbon and uniform
carbon-oxygen stratification core models, and also when the release of latent
heat and carbon-oxygen phase separation are considered. This difference is
smaller than the uncertainties in cooling times due to the present
uncertainties in the white dwarf chemical stratification. We have also
determined quantitatively and explained the effect of varying equation of
state, low-temperature radiative opacities and electron conduction opacities in
our calculation. Finally, we extend the scope of our work by providing
tabulations of our cooling sequences and the required input physics, that can
be used as a comparison test of cooling times obtained from other white dwarf
evolutionary codes.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and
  Astrophysic
Synergies between neutrino oscillation experiments: An `adequate'
  configuration for LBNO

Determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, octant of the mixing angle
theta_{23} and the CP violating phase delta_{CP} are the unsolved problems in
neutrino oscillation physics today. In this paper our aim is to obtain the
minimum exposure required for the proposed Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillation
(LBNO) experiment to determine the above unknowns. We emphasize on the
advantage of exploiting the synergies offered by the existing and upcoming
long-baseline and atmospheric neutrino experiments in economising the LBNO
configuration. In particular, we do a combined analysis for LBNO, T2K, NOvA and
INO. We consider three prospective LBNO setups -- CERN-Pyhasalmi (2290 km),
CERN-Slanic (1500 km) and CERN-Frejus (130 km) and evaluate the adequate
exposure required in each case. Our analysis shows that the exposure required
from LBNO can be reduced considerably due to the synergies arising from the
inclusion of the other experiments.Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables Version published in JHE
Nuclear charge radii of potassium isotopes beyond N=28

We report on the measurement of optical isotope shifts for
$^{38,39,42,44,46\text{-}51}$K relative to $^{47}$K from which changes in the
nuclear mean square charge radii across the N=28 shell closure are deduced. The
investigation was carried out by bunched-beam collinear laser spectroscopy at
the CERN-ISOLDE radioactive ion-beam facility. Mean square charge radii are now
known from $^{37}$K to $^{51}$K, covering all $\nu f_{7/2}$-shell as well as
all $\nu p_{3/2}$-shell nuclei. These measurements, in conjunction with those
of Ca, Cr, Mn and Fe, provide a first insight into the $Z$ dependence of the
evolution of nuclear size above the shell closure at N=28
Multiparticle Higgs and Vector Boson Amplitudes at Threshold

In a spontaneously broken gauge theory we consider (sub)-processes in which
one virtual intermediate state (it can be a Higgs or a gauge field) produces
many on-shell Higgses and massive vector bosons. In the kinematic regime where
all final states are produced on their mass threshold, we show how to compute
iteratively all tree-level amplitudes ${\cal A}_{1\to n+m}$ involving an
arbitrary number $n$ of Higgs bosons and $m$ of longitudinal vector bosons in
the final state, and list the amplitudes coefficients for up to $n=32$ and
$m=32$. We find that these amplitudes exhibit factorial growth not only in the
number of scalar fields, but also in the number of longitudinal gauge fields,
${\cal A}_{1\to n+m} \sim n! \,m!$. This growth is not expected to disappear at
loop-level in the fixed-order perturbation theory. We conclude that at energies
accessible at the next generation of hadron colliders, such as the 50-100 TeV
FCC, where $\sqrt{\hat{s}}$ is sufficient to produce $\gg 1/\alpha_W$ of $W,Z$
and $H$, perturbation theory breaks down when applied to the multiparticle
electroweak production, at least near the kinematic multiparticle mass
threshold where the electroweak gauge-Higgs sector becomes strongly coupled.Comment: v3: improved numerical values for m>24 v2: A Mathematica notebook
  with results and derivations is included with the submission files. 18 pages,
  7 Figure
Overlap Fermions on a $20^{4}$ Lattice

We report results on hadron masses, fitting of the quenched chiral log, and quark masses from Neuberger's overlap fermion on a quenched $20^4$ lattice with lattice spacing $a = 0.15$ fm. We used the improved gauge action which is shown to lower the density of small eigenvalues for $H^2$ as compared to the Wilson gauge action. This makes the calculation feasible on 64 nodes of CRAY-T3E. Also presented is the pion mass on a small volume ($6^3 \times 12$ with a Wilson gauge action at $\beta = 5.7$). We find that for configurations that the topological charge $Q \ne 0$, the pion mass tends to a constant and for configurations with trivial topology, it approaches zero possibly linearly with the quark mass
Chern-Simons Theory as the Large Mass Limit of Topologically Massive
  Yang-Mills Theory

We study quantum Chern-Simons theory as the large mass limit of the limit
$D\to 3$ of dimensionally regularized topologically massive Yang-Mills theory.
This approach can also be interpreted as a BRS-invariant hybrid regularization
of Chern-Simons theory, consisting of a higher-covariant derivative Yang-Mills
term plus dimensional regularization. Working in the Landau gauge, we compute
radiative corrections up to second order in perturbation theory and show that
there is no two-loop correction to the one-loop shift $k\rightarrow k+
c_{\scriptscriptstyle V},\,\,k$ being the bare Chern-Simons parameter. In
passing we also prove by explicit computation that topologically massive
Yang-Mills theory is UV finite.Comment: 64 pages without figures (10 figures), DAMTP 91-34, LPTHE 91-61,
  NBI-HE 91-55, UGMS 91-2