pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Hermitian Laplace Operator on Nearly Kähler Manifolds

23 pagesInternational audienceThe moduli space NK of infinitesimal deformations of a nearly Kähler structure on a compact 6-dimensional manifold is described by a certain eigenspace of the Laplace operator acting on co-closed primitive (1,1) forms. Using the Hermitian Laplace operator and some representation theory, we compute the space NK on all 6-dimensional homogeneous nearly Kähler manifolds. It turns out that the nearly Kähler structure is rigid except for the flag manifold F(1,2)=SU_3/T^2, which carries an 8-dimensional moduli space of infinitesimal nearly Kähler deformations, modeled on the Lie algebra su_3 of the isometry group
Supersymmetric AdS5 solutions of massive IIA
supergravity

Motivated by a recently found class of AdS7 solutions, we classify AdS5 solutions in massive IIA, finding infinitely many new analytical examples. We reduce the general problem to a set of PDEs, determining the local internal metric, which is a fibration over a surface. Under a certain simplifying assumption, we are then able to analytically solve the PDEs and give a complete list of all solutions. Among these, one class is new and regular. These spaces can be related to the AdS7 solutions via a simple universal map for the metric, dilaton and fluxes. The natural interpretation of this map is that the dual CFT6 and CFT4 are related by twisted compactification on a Riemann surface Σ g . The ratio of their free energy coefficients is proportional to the Euler characteristic of Σ g . As a byproduct, we also find the analytic expression for the AdS7 solutions, which were previously known only numerically. We determine the free energy for simple examples: it is a simple cubic function of the flux integers
Massive stars formed in atomic hydrogen reservoirs : H i observations of gamma-ray burst host galaxies

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), among the most energetic events in the Universe, are explosions of massive and short-lived stars, so they pinpoint locations of recent star formation. However, several GRB host galaxies have recently been found to be deficient in molecular gas (H-2), believed to be the fuel of star formation. Moreover, optical spectroscopy of GRB afterglows implies that the molecular phase constitutes only a small fraction of the gas along the GRB line of sight. Here we report the first ever 21 cm line observations of GRB host galaxies, using the Australia Telescope Compact Array, implying high levels of atomic hydrogen (HI), which suggests that the connection between atomic gas and star formation is stronger than previously thought. In this case, it is possible that star formation is directly fuelled by atomic gas (or that the HI- to- H-2 conversion is very efficient, which rapidly exhaust molecular gas), as has been theoretically shown to be possible. This can happen in low-metallicity gas near the onset of star formation because cooling of gas (necessary for star formation) is faster than the HI- to- H-2 conversion. Indeed, large atomic gas reservoirs, together with low molecular gas masses, stellar, and dust masses are consistent with GRB hosts being preferentially galaxies which have very recently started a star formation episode after accreting metal-poor gas from the intergalactic medium. This provides a natural route for forming GRBs in low-metallicity environments. The gas inflow scenario is also consistent with the existence of the companion HI object with no optical counterpart similar to 19 kpc from the GRB 060505 host, and with the fact that the HI centroids of the GRB 980425 and 060505 hosts do not coincide with optical centres of these galaxies, but are located close to the GRB positions
Recent advances in 2D and 3D in vitro systems using primary hepatocytes, alternative hepatocyte sources and non-parenchymal liver cells and their use in investigating mechanisms of hepatotoxicity, cell signaling and ADME

This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro. In a complex architecture of nested, zonated lobules, the liver consists of approximately 80 % hepatocytes and 20 % non-parenchymal cells, the latter being involved in a secondary phase that may dramatically aggravate the initial damage. Hepatotoxicity, as well as hepatic metabolism, is controlled by a set of nuclear receptors (including PXR, CAR, HNF-4α, FXR, LXR, SHP, VDR and PPAR) and signaling pathways. When isolating liver cells, some pathways are activated, e.g., the RAS/MEK/ERK pathway, whereas others are silenced (e.g. HNF-4α), resulting in up- and downregulation of hundreds of genes. An understanding of these changes is crucial for a correct interpretation of in vitro data. The possibilities and limitations of the most useful liver in vitro systems are summarized, including three-dimensional culture techniques, co-cultures with non-parenchymal cells, hepatospheres, precision cut liver slices and the isolated perfused liver. Also discussed is how closely hepatoma, stem cell and iPS cell–derived hepatocyte-like-cells resemble real hepatocytes. Finally, a summary is given of the state of the art of liver in vitro and mathematical modeling systems that are currently used in the pharmaceutical industry with an emphasis on drug metabolism, prediction of clearance, drug interaction, transporter studies and hepatotoxicity. One key message is that despite our enthusiasm for in vitro systems, we must never lose sight of the in vivo situation. Although hepatocytes have been isolated for decades, the hunt for relevant alternative systems has only just begun.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1078-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
3,​3-​dichloro-​1,​2-​diphenylcyclopropene (CPICl)​-​mediated synthesis of Nα-​protected amino acid azides and α-​ureidopeptides

Rapid synthesis of acid azides via in situ generation of\ud
acid chlorides using CPICl as chlorinating agent from the corresponding\ud
Nα\ud
-protected amino acids is described. Also the conversion\ud
of acid azides into ureidopeptides through the Curtius\ud
rearrangement under ultrasonication is delineated. The mildness of\ud
the protocol renders the acid-sensitive substrates to afford the corresponding\ud
amino acid azides and ureidopeptides in good yields.\ud
Diphenylcyclopropenone has also been recovered from the reaction\ud
mixture and reused
On the non-triviality of certain spaces of analytic functions.
  Hyperfunctions and ultrahyperfunctions of fast growth

We study function spaces consisting of analytic functions with fast decay on
horizontal strips of the complex plane with respect to a given weight function.
Their duals, so called spaces of (ultra)hyperfunctions of fast growth,
generalize the spaces of Fourier hyperfunctions and Fourier
ultrahyperfunctions. An analytic representation theory for their duals is
developed and applied to characterize the non-triviality of these function
spaces in terms of the growth order of the weight function. In particular, we
show that the Gelfand-Shilov spaces of Beurling type
$\mathcal{S}^{(p!)}_{(M_p)}$ and Roumieu type $\mathcal{S}^{\{p!\}}_{\{M_p\}}$
are non-trivial if and only if $$ \sup_{p \geq 2}\frac{(\log p)^p}{h^pM_p} <
\infty, $$ for all $h > 0$ and some $h > 0$, respectively. We also study
boundary values of holomorphic functions in spaces of ultradistributions of
exponential type, which may be of quasianalytic type.Comment: 39 page
A Dirac–Dunkl equation on S^2 and the Bannai–Ito algebra

The Dirac–Dunkl operator on the two-sphere associated to the  Z_2^3  reflection group is considered. Its symmetries are found and are shown to generate the Bannai–Ito algebra. Representations of the Bannai–Ito algebra are constructed using ladder operators. Eigenfunctions of the spherical Dirac–Dunkl operator are obtained using a Cauchy–Kovalevskaia extension theorem. These eigenfunctions, which correspond to Dunkl monogenics, are seen to support finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the Bannai–Ito algebra
Shared values and deliberative valuation: Future directions

Valuation that focuses only on individual values evades the substantial collective and intersubjective meanings, signi interdisciplinary aggregation with questions of participation, ethics, and social justice. Synthesising understanding from various contributions to this Special Issue of deliberative valuation, we discuss key the ontology of shared values; 2) the role of catalyst and con services; 4) transcendental values; 5) the process and outcomes of deliberation; 6) deliberative monetary valuation; 7) value aggregation, meta-values and results of this Special Issue and these key questions can help develop a more extensive evidence base to mature the area and develop environmental valuation into a more pluralistic, comprehensive, robust, legitimate and eficance and value from ecosystems. Shared, plural and cultural values of ecosystems constitute a diffuse andfield of research, covering an area that links questions around value ontology, elicitation andEcosystem Services, and with a particular focus on deliberation andfindings and present 35 future research questions in eight topic areas: 1)flict points; 3) shared values and cultural ecosystem‘rules of the game’; and 8) integrating valuation methods. Theffective way of safeguarding ecosystems and their services for the future
Anti-phase synchronization and symmetry-breaking bifurcation of impulsively coupled oscillators

PublishedThis paper studies the synchronization in two mechanical oscillators coupled by impacts which can be considered as a class of state-dependent impulsively coupled oscillators. The two identical oscillators are harmonically excited in a counter phase, and the synchronous (anti-phase synchronization) and the asynchronous motions are considered. One- and two-parameter bifurcations of the system have been studied by varying the amplitude and the frequency of external excitation. Numerical simulations show that the system could exhibit complex phenomena, including symmetry and asymmetry periodic solutions, quasi-periodic solutions and chaotic solutions. In particular, the regimes in anti-phase synchronization are identified, and it is found that the symmetry-breaking bifurcation plays an important role in the transition from synchronous to asynchronous motion.This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant nos. 11402224, 11202180, 61273106 and 11171290), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (Grant no. BK20151295), the Qin Lan Project of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China, and the Jiangsu Overseas Research and Training Program for University Prominent Young and Middle-aged Teachers and Presidents. We also thank Mr. Marcin Kapitaniak for helpful discussion
Undressing of Waddlia chondrophila to enrich its outer membrane proteins to develop a new species-specific ELISA.

Waddlia chondrophila, an obligate intracellular bacterium of the Chlamydiales order, is considered as an agent of bovine abortion and a likely cause of miscarriage in humans. Its role in respiratory diseases was questioned after the detection of its DNA in clinical samples taken from patients suffering from pneumonia or bronchiolitis. To better define the role of Waddlia in both miscarriage and pneumonia, a tool allowing large-scale serological investigations of Waddlia seropositivity is needed. Therefore, enriched outer membrane proteins of W. chondrophila were used as antigens to develop a specific ELISA. After thorough analytical optimization, the ELISA was validated by comparison with micro-immunofluorescence and it showed a sensitivity above 85% with 100% specificity. The ELISA was subsequently applied to human sera to specify the role of W. chondrophila in pneumonia. Overall, 3.6% of children showed antibody reactivity against W. chondrophila but no significant difference was observed between children with and without pneumonia. Proteomic analyses were then performed using mass spectrometry, highlighting members of the outer membrane protein family as the dominant proteins. The major Waddlia putative immunogenic proteins were identified by immunoblot using positive and negative human sera. The new ELISA represents an efficient tool with high throughput applications. Although no association with pneumonia and Waddlia seropositivity was observed, this ELISA could be used to specify the role of W. chondrophila in miscarriage and in other diseases
Analyzing the temporal regulation of translation efficiency in mouse liver.

Mammalian physiology and behavior follow daily rhythms that are orchestrated by endogenous timekeepers known as circadian clocks. Rhythms in transcription are considered the main mechanism to engender rhythmic gene expression, but important roles for posttranscriptional mechanisms have recently emerged as well (reviewed in Lim and Allada (2013) [1]). We have recently reported on the use of ribosome profiling (RPF-seq), a method based on the high-throughput sequencing of ribosome protected mRNA fragments, to explore the temporal regulation of translation efficiency (Janich et al., 2015 [2]). Through the comparison of around-the-clock RPF-seq and matching RNA-seq data we were able to identify 150 genes, involved in ribosome biogenesis, iron metabolism and other pathways, whose rhythmicity is generated entirely at the level of protein synthesis. The temporal transcriptome and translatome data sets from this study have been deposited in NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus under the accession number GSE67305. Here we provide additional information on the experimental setup and on important optimization steps pertaining to the ribosome profiling technique in mouse liver and to data analysis
K-mixing in the doubly mid-shell nuclide 170Dy and the role of vibrational degeneracy

A detailed study of the structure of the doubly mid-shell nucleus View the MathML source has been carried out, following isomeric and β decay. We have measured the yrast band up to the spin-parity Jπ=6+ state, the K=2γ -vibration band up to the 5+ state, a low-lying negative-parity band based on a 2− state that could be a candidate for the lowest energy octupole vibration state within this nucleus, and a candidate for the Kπ=6+ two quasi-particle isomer. This state was determined to have an excitation energy of 1643.91(23) keV and a half life of 0.99(4) μs, with a reduced hindrance for its decay to the ground-state band an order of magnitude lower than predicted by NpNn systematics. This is interpreted as being due to γ -vibrational mixing from a near degeneracy of the isomer and the 6+ state of the γ band. Furthermore, the parent nucleus 170Tb has been determined to have a half-life of View the MathML source s with a possible spin-parity of 2−
Search for supersymmetry in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV in final states with missing transverse momentum and b-jets

Results are presented of a search for supersymmetric particles in events with large missing transverse momentum and at least one heavy flavour jet candidate in √s = 7 TeV proton–proton collisions. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 pb[superscript −1] recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, no significant excess is observed with respect to the prediction for Standard Model processes. For R-parity conserving models in which sbottoms (stops) are the only squarks to appear in the gluino decay cascade, gluino masses below 590 GeV (520 GeV) are excluded at the 95% C.L. The results are also interpreted in an MSUGRA/CMSSM supersymmetry breaking scenario with tanβ=40 and in an SO(10) model framework.European Organization for Nuclear ResearchUnited States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
Measurement of the t[bar over t] production cross-section as a function of jet multiplicity and jet transverse momentum in 7 TeV proton-proton collisions with the ATLAS detector

The t[bar over t] production cross-section dependence on jet multiplicity and jet transverse momentum is reported for proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV in the single-lepton channel. The data were collected with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and comprise the full 2011 data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb[superscript −1]. Differential cross-sections are presented as a function of the jet multiplicity for up to eight jets using jet transverse momentum thresholds of 25, 40, 60, and 80 GeV, and as a function of jet transverse momentum up to the fifth jet. The results are shown after background subtraction and corrections for all known detector effects, within a kinematic range closely matched to the experimental acceptance. Several QCD-based Monte Carlo models are compared with the results. Sensitivity to the parton shower modelling is found at the higher jet multiplicities, at high transverse momentum of the leading jet and in the transverse momentum spectrum of the fifth leading jet. The MC@NLO+HERWIG MC is found to predict too few events at higher jet multiplicities.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
Search for a CP-odd Higgs boson decaying to Zh in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for a heavy, CP-odd Higgs boson, A, decaying into a Z boson and a 125 GeV Higgs boson, h, with the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. The search uses proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb[superscript −1]. Decays of CP-even h bosons to ττ or bb pairs with the Z boson decaying to electron or muon pairs are considered, as well as h → bb decays with the Z boson decaying to neutrinos. No evidence for the production of an A   boson in these channels is found and the 95% confidence level upper limits derived for σ(gg → A) × BR(A → Zh) × BR (h → f[bar over f]) are 0.098–0.013 pb for f = τ and 0.57–0.014 pb for f=b in a range of [subscript mA] = 220–1000 GeV. The results are combined and interpreted in the context of two-Higgs-doublet models.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
Isomorphisms, automorphisms, and generalized involution models of projective reflection groups

We investigate the generalized involution models of the projective reflection groups G(r, p, q, n). This family of groups parametrizes all quotients of the complex reflection groups G(r, p, n) by scalar subgroups. Our classification is ultimately incomplete, but we provide several necessary and sufficient conditions for generalized involution models to exist in various cases. In the process we solve several intermediate problems concerning the structure of projective reflection groups. We derive a simple criterion for determining whether two groups G(r, p, q, n) and G(r, p′, q′, n) are isomorphic. We also describe explicitly the form of all automorphisms of G(r, p, q, n), outside a finite list of exceptional cases. Building on prior work, this allows us to prove that G(r, p, 1, n) has a generalized involution model if and only if G(r, p, 1, n) ≌ G(r, 1, p, n). We also classify which groups G(r, p, q, n) have generalized involution models when n = 2, or q is odd, or n is odd
Data for accelerated degradation of calcium phosphate surface coated polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone/bioactive glass composite scaffolds

Polycaprolactone (PCL)-based composite scaffolds containing 50 wt% of 45S5 bioactive glass (45S5) or strontium-substituted bioactive glass (SrBG) particles were fabricated into scaffolds using melt-extrusion based additive manufacturing technique. Additionally, the PCL scaffolds were surface coated with a layer of calcium phosphate (CaP). For a comparison of the scaffold degradation, the scaffolds were then subjected to in vitro accelerated degradation by immersion in 5 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution for up to 7 days. The scaffold׳s morphology was observed by means of SEM imaging and scaffold mass loss was recorded over the experimental period
Left ventricular noncompaction : anatomical phenotype or distinct cardiomyopathy?

The present study was funded by the Souter Charitable Foundation and the Chest, Heart and Stroke Scotland Charity. Dr. Weir-McCall is supported by the Wellcome Trust through the Scottish Translational Medicine and Therapeutics Initiative (Grant no. WT 085664) in the form of a Clinical Research Fellowship.Background:  There is considerable overlap between left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) and other cardiomyopathies. LVNC has been reported in up to 40% of the general population, raising questions about whether it is a distinct pathological entity, a remodeling epiphenomenon, or merely an anatomical phenotype. Objectives:   The authors determined the prevalence and predictors of LVNC in a healthy population using 4 cardiac magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic criteria. Methods:   Volunteers >40 years of age (N = 1,651) with no history of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a 10-year risk of CVD < 20%, and a B-type natriuretic peptide level greater than their gender-specific median underwent magnetic resonance imaging scan as part of the TASCFORCE (Tayside Screening for Cardiac Events) study. LVNC ratios were measured on the horizontal and vertical long axis cine sequences. All individuals with a noncompaction ratio of ≥2 underwent short axis systolic and diastolic LVNC ratio measurements, and quantification of noncompacted and compacted myocardial mass ratios. Those who met all 4 criteria were considered to have LVNC. Results:  Of 1,480 participants analyzed, 219 (14.8%) met ≥1 diagnostic criterion for LVNC, 117 (7.9%) met 2 criteria, 63 (4.3%) met 3 criteria, and 19 (1.3%) met all 4 diagnostic criteria. There was no difference in demographic or allometric measures between those with and without LVNC. Long axis noncompaction ratios were the least specific, with current diagnostic criteria positive in 219 (14.8%), whereas the noncompacted to compacted myocardial mass ratio was the most specific, only being met in 61 (4.4%). Conclusions:   A significant proportion of an asymptomatic population free from CVD satisfy all currently used cardiac magnetic resonance imaging diagnostic criteria for LVNC, suggesting that those criteria have poor specificity for LVNC, or that LVNC is an anatomical phenotype rather than a distinct cardiomyopathy.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Modeling of synchrotron-based laboratory simulations of Titan’s ionospheric photochemistry

AbstractThe APSIS reactor has been designed to simulate in the laboratory with a VUV synchrotron irradiation the photochemistry occurring in planetary upper atmospheres. A N2–CH4 Titan-like gas mixture has been studied, whose photochemistry in Titan’s ionospheric irradiation conditions leads to a coupled chemical network involving both radicals and ions. In the present work, an ion–neutral coupled model is developed to interpret the experimental data, taking into account the uncertainties on the kinetic parameters by Monte Carlo sampling. The model predicts species concentrations in agreement with mass spectrometry measurements of the methane consumption and product blocks intensities. Ion chemistry and in particular dissociative recombination are found to be very important through sensitivity analysis. The model is also applied to complementary environmental conditions, corresponding to Titan’s ionospheric average conditions and to another existing synchrotron setup. An innovative study of the correlations between species concentrations identifies two main competitive families, leading respectively to saturated and unsaturated species. We find that the unsaturated growth family, driven by C2H2, is dominant in Titan’s upper atmosphere, as observed by the Cassini INMS. But the saturated species are substantially more intense in the measurements of the two synchrotron experimental setups, and likely originate from catalysis by metallic walls of the reactors