pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On Straight Words and Minimal Permutators in Finite Transformation
  Semigroups

Motivated by issues arising in computer science, we investigate the loop-free
paths from the identity transformation and corresponding straight words in the
Cayley graph of a finite transformation semigroup with a fixed generator set.
Of special interest are words that permute a given subset of the state set.
Certain such words, called minimal permutators, are shown to comprise a code,
and the straight ones comprise a finite code. Thus, words that permute a given
subset are uniquely factorizable as products of the subset's minimal
permutators, and these can be further reduced to straight minimal permutators.
This leads to insight into structure of local pools of reversibility in
transformation semigroups in terms of the set of words permuting a given
subset. These findings can be exploited in practical calculations for
hierarchical decompositions of finite automata. As an example we consider
groups arising in biological systems.Comment: 12 pages, 2 figure
Spontaneous contractility--mediated cortical flow generates cell
  migration in 3-dimensional environments

We present a generic model of cell motility generated by acto-myosin
contraction of the cell cortex. We identify analytically dynamical
instabilities of the cortex and show that they trigger spontaneous cortical
flows which in turn can induce cell migration in 3-dimensional (3D)
environments as well as bleb formation. This contractility--based mechanism,
widely independent of actin treadmilling, appears as an alternative to the
classical picture of lamellipodial motility on flat substrates. Theoretical
predictions are compared to experimental data of tumor cells migrating in 3D
matrigel and suggest that this mechanism could be a general mode of cell
migration in 3D environments.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
Optical photometry of the UCM Lists I and II

We present Johnson B CCD photometry for the whole sample of galaxies of the
Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) Survey Lists I and II. They constitute
a well-defined and complete sample of galaxies in the Local Universe with
active star formation. The data refer to 191 S0 to Irr galaxies at an averaged
redshift of 0.027, and complement the already published Gunn r, J and K
photometries. In this paper the observational and reduction features are
discussed in detail, and the new colour information is combined to search for
clues on the properties of the galaxies, mainly by comparing our sample with
other surveys.Comment: 14 pages, 7 PostScript figures, accepted for publication in A&AS,
  also available vi ftp at ftp://cutrex.fis.ucm.es/pub/OUT/pag/PAPERS
Sensitivity, Specificity and the Hybridization Isotherms of DNA Chips

Competitve hybridization, at the surface and in the bulk, lowers the
sensitivity of DNA chips. Competitive surface hybridization occurs when
different targets can hybridize with the same probe. Competitive bulk
hybridization takes place when the targets can hybridize with free
complementary chains in the solution. The effects of competitive hybridization
on the thermodynamically attainable performance of DNA chips are quantified in
terms of the hybridization isotherms of the spots. These relate the equilibrium
degree of the hybridization to the bulk composition. The hybridization isotherm
emerges as a Langmuir isotherm modified for electrostatic interactions within
the probe layer. The sensitivity of the assay in equilibrium is directly
related to the slope of the isotherm. A simpler description is possible in
terms of $c_{50}$s specifying the bulk composition corresponding to 50%
hybridization at the surface. The effects of competitive hybridization are
important for the quantitative analysis of DNA chip results especially when
used to study point mutations.Comment: 18 pages and 7 figures. To be published in Biophys.
Ab-initio calculations of the optical and magneto-optical properties of
  moderately correlated systems: accounting for correlation effects

The influence of dynamical correlation effects on the magneto-optical
properties of ferromagnetic Fe and Ni has been investigated. In addition the
temperature dependence of the self-energy and its influence on the DOS and
optical conductivity is considered. Magneto-optical properties were calculated
on the basis of the one-particle Green's function, which was obtained from the
DMFT-SPTF procedure. It is shown that dynamical correlations play a rather
important role in weakly correlated Fe and substantially change the spectra for
moderately correlated Ni. Magneto-optical properties obtained for both systems
are found in better agreement with experiment than by conventional LDA
calculations.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, conference: Physics of Spin in Solids:
  Materials, Methods & Applications, October 15-19, 2003, Baku, Azerbaijan; to
  be published as proceedings by the Kluwer Academic Publisher
Interpretation of electron-proton scattering at low Q^2

Low-Q^2 photons do not resolve partons in the proton, which gives problems
when applying the deep inelastic scattering formalism, such as an unphysical,
negative gluon density extracted from data. Considering instead hadronic
fluctuations of the photon, we show that the generalised vector meson dominance
model (GVDM) gives a good description of the measured cross section at low Q^2,
i.e. reproduces F_2(x,Q^2), using only few parameters with essentially known
values. Combining GVDM and parton density functions makes it possible to obtain
a good description of F_2 data over the whole range of x and Q^2.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures. Discussion extended, references added, figures
  updated with additional results. Accepted for publication in Physics Letters
On the determination of CP-even and CP-odd components of a mixed CP
  Higgs boson at $e^+$ $e^-$ collider

We present a method to investigate the CP quantum numbers of the Higgs boson
in the process $e^+ e^- \to Z\phi$ at a future linear collider (LC), where
$\phi$, a generic Higgs boson, is a mixture of CP-even and CP-odd states. The
procedure consist of a comparison of the data with predictions obtained from
Monte Carlo simulations corresponding to the productions of scalar and
pseudoscalar Higgs and the interference term wich constitutes a distinctive
signal of CP violation. We present estimates of the sensitivity of the method
from Monte Carlo studies using hypothetical data samples with a full LC
detector simulation taking into account the background signals.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
First Look at the Physics Case of TLEP

The discovery by the ATLAS and CMS experiments of a new boson with mass
around 125 GeV and with measured properties compatible with those of a
Standard-Model Higgs boson, coupled with the absence of discoveries of
phenomena beyond the Standard Model at the TeV scale, has triggered interest in
ideas for future Higgs factories. A new circular e+e- collider hosted in a 80
to 100 km tunnel, TLEP, is among the most attractive solutions proposed so far.
It has a clean experimental environment, produces high luminosity for
top-quark, Higgs boson, W and Z studies, accommodates multiple detectors, and
can reach energies up to the t-tbar threshold and beyond. It will enable
measurements of the Higgs boson properties and of Electroweak Symmetry-Breaking
(EWSB) parameters with unequalled precision, offering exploration of physics
beyond the Standard Model in the multi-TeV range. Moreover, being the natural
precursor of the VHE-LHC, a 100 TeV hadron machine in the same tunnel, it
builds up a long-term vision for particle physics. Altogether, the combination
of TLEP and the VHE-LHC offers, for a great cost effectiveness, the best
precision and the best search reach of all options presently on the market.
This paper presents a first appraisal of the salient features of the TLEP
physics potential, to serve as a baseline for a more extensive design study.Comment: 43 pages, 18 figures, 11 tables, 85 references. Changes with respect
  to version V2: The comments from the JHEP referee are now include
Full result for the QCD equation of state with 2+1 flavors

We present a full result for the 2+1 flavor QCD equation of state. All the
systematics are controlled, the quark masses are set to their physical values,
and the continuum extrapolation is carried out. This extends our previous
studies [JHEP 0601:089 (2006); 1011:077 (2010)] to even finer lattices and now
includes ensembles with Nt = 6,8,10,12 up to Nt = 16. We use a Symanzik
improved gauge and a stout-link improved staggered fermion action. Our findings
confirm our earlier results. In order to facilitate the direct use of our
equation of state we make our tabulated results available for download.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figure
Holographic entanglement entropy and gravitational anomalies

We study entanglement entropy in two-dimensional conformal field theories
with a gravitational anomaly. In theories with gravity duals, this anomaly is
holographically represented by a gravitational Chern-Simons term in the bulk
action. We show that the anomaly broadens the Ryu-Takayanagi minimal worldline
into a ribbon, and that the anomalous contribution to the CFT entanglement
entropy is given by the twist in this ribbon. The entanglement functional may
also be interpreted as the worldline action for a spinning particle -- that is,
an anyon -- in three-dimensional curved spacetime. We demonstrate that the
minimization of this action results in the Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon equations
of motion for a spinning particle in three dimensions. We work out several
simple examples and demonstrate agreement with CFT calculations.Comment: 29 pages + Appendices, 4 figure
Dominance of Nuclear Processes in the Dissociation of $^{8}B$

We study the break-up of 8B in collisions with heavy-ions. The process is described in terms of inelastic excitations leading to states in the continuum. The effects of the nuclear and coulomb fields are included on the same footing in the microscopic construction of the transition matrix elements. The interplay between coulomb and nuclear excitation processes differs significantly from the situation encountered in reactions involving systems close to the stability line. In particular, nuclear excitation is found to remain predominant at energies well below the coulomb barrier
Scattering of positronium by H, He, Ne and Ar

The low-energy scattering of ortho positronium (Ps) by H, He, Ne, and Ar atoms has been investigated in the coupled-channel framework by using a recently proposed time-reversal-symmetric nonlocal electron-exchange model potential with a single parameter $C$. For H and He we use a three-Ps-state coupled-channel model and for Ar and Ne we use a static-exchange model. The sensitivity of the results is studied with respect to the parameter $C$. Present low-energy cross sections for He, Ne and Ar are in good agreement with experiment
Stable Monopole-Antimonopole String Background in SU(2) QCD

Motivated by the instability of the Savvidy-Nielsen-Olesen vacuum we make a
systematic search for a stable magnetic background in pure SU(2) QCD. It is
shown that a pair of axially symmetric monopole and antimonopole strings is
stable, provided that the distance between the two strings is less than a
critical value. The existence of a stable monopole-antimonopole string
background strongly supports that a magnetic condensation of
monopole-antimonopole pairs can generate a dynamical symmetry breaking, and
thus the magnetic confinement of color in QCD.Comment: 7 page
ALE spaces from noncommutative U(1) instantons via exact Seiberg-Witten
  map

The exact Seiberg-Witten (SW) map of a noncommutative (NC) gauge theory gives
the commutative equivalent as an ordinary gauge theory coupled to a field
dependent effective metric. We study instanton solutions of this commutative
equivalent whose self-duality equation turns out to be the exact SW map of NC
instantons. We derive general differential equations governing U(1) instantons
and we explicitly get an exact solution corresponding to the single NC
instanton. Remarkably the effective metric induced by the single U(1) instanton
is related to the Eguchi-Hanson metric - the simplest gravitational instanton.
Surprisingly the instanton number is not quantized but depends on an
integration constant. Our result confirms the expected non-perturbative
breakdown of the SW map. However, the breakdown of the map arises in a
consistent way: The instanton number plays the role of a parameter giving rise
to a one-parameter family of Eguchi-Hanson metrics.Comment: 15 pages, Latex; Comment on commutative limit is added and a small
  mistake in section 4 is correcte
Non-Thermal WIMP Dark Matter, High Energy Cosmic Rays and Late-Decaying Particles From Inflationary Quantum Fluctuations

It has been suggested that the problem of non-singular galactic halos might be explained if dark matter originates non-thermally from the decay of massive particles Y, such that there is a free-streaming length of the order of 0.1Mpc. It has also been suggested that the origin of cosmic rays above the GZK limit might be explained by the decay of particles X with m_{X} \approx 10^{12} GeV. We consider the possibility that these problems might be solved simultaneously by generating densities of X and Y particles during inflation via quantum fluctuations. For the case of non-thermal WIMPs, we find that there is a general problem with deuterium photo-dissociation, requiring that the Y particle decays to WIMPs with very little production of electromagnetic particles in the cascade. Non-thermal WIMP dark matter can then only be produced by decaying Y scalars with m_{Y} \approx 100 GeV and T_{R} \approx 100 GeV; Y fermions are ruled out. X particles can either be scalars, if T_{R} < 100 GeV, or fermions, if T_{R} < 10^{7} GeV. In the case where the X and Y particles are both scalars, we generally expect the contribution to dark matter of non-thermal WIMPs and cold X scalars to be of the same order of magnitude. This may result in observable consequences for galactic halo formation and small-scale structure
A selection of nonequilibrium issues

We give a pedagogical introduction to a selection of recently discussed
topics in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics, concentrating mostly on formal
structures and on general principles. Part I contains an overview of the
formalism of lattice gases that we use to explain various symmetries and
inequalities generally valid for nonequilibrium systems, including the
fluctuation symmetry, Jarzynski equality, and the direction of currents. In
Part II we concentrate on the macroscopic state and how entropy provides a
bridge between microscopic dynamics and macroscopic irreversibility; included
is a construction of quantum macroscopic states and a result on the equivalence
of ensembles.Comment: Lecture notes from the 5th Prague Summer School on Mathematical
  Statistical Mechanics (2006), 55 page
Annealing diffusions in a slowly growing potential

We consider a continuous analogue of the simulated annealing algorithm in
$R^d$. We prove a convergence result, under hypotheses weaker than the usual
ones. In particular, we cover cases where the gradient of the potential goes to
zero at infinity. The proof follows an idea of L. Miclo, but we replace the
Poincar\'e and log-Sobolev inequalities (which do not hold in our setting) by
weak Poincar\'e inequalities. We estimate the latter with measure-capacity
criteria. We show that, despite the absence of a spectral gap, the convergence
still holds for the "classical" schedule t = c/ ln(t), if c is bigger than a
constant related to the potential
Multiphoton Exchange Processes in Ultraperipheral Relativistic Heavy Ion
  Collisions

The very strong electromagnetic fields present in ultraperipheral
relativistic heavy ion collisions lead to important higher order effects of the
electromagnetic interaction. These multiphoton exchange processes are studied
using perturbation theory and the sudden or Glauber approximation. In many
important cases, the multi-photon amplitudes factorize into independent
single-photon amplitudes. These amplitudes have a common impact parameter
vector, which induces correlations between the amplitudes. Impact-parameter
dependent equivalent-photon spectra for simultaneous excitation are calculated,
as well as, impact-parameter dependent gammagamma-luminosities. Excitations,
like the multiphonon giant dipole resonances, vector meson production and
multiple e+e- pair production can be treated analytically in a bosonic model,
analogous to the emission of soft photons in QED.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Nucl. Phys.
Upper bounds and algorithms for parallel knock-out numbers.

We study parallel knock-out schemes for graphs. These schemes proceed in rounds in each of which each surviving vertex simultaneously eliminates one of its surviving neighbours; a graph is reducible if such a scheme can eliminate every vertex in the graph. We resolve the square-root conjecture, first posed at MFCS 2004, by showing that for a reducible graph G, the minimum number of required rounds is View the MathML source; in fact, our result is stronger than the conjecture as we show that the minimum number of required rounds is View the MathML source, where α is the independence number of G. This upper bound is tight. We also show that for reducible K1,p-free graphs at most p−1 rounds are required. It is already known that the problem of whether a given graph is reducible is NP-complete. For claw-free graphs, however, we show that this problem can be solved in polynomial time. We also pinpoint a relationship with (locally bijective) graph homomorphisms
How well can the theory of planned behavior account for occupational intentions?

This article was published in Journal of Vocational Behavior [© Elsevier]. The definitive version is available at: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00018791We tested the capacity of an extended version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to\ud
account for intentions to work for the UK’s National Health Service as a nurse,\ud
physiotherapist or radiographer amongst three groups: professionally unqualified (N = 507),\ud
in professional training (N = 244), and professionally qualified (N = 227). We found strong\ud
support for attitude and subjective norm as predictors of behavioral intention, with or without\ud
controlling for alternative career intentions. There was some support for perceived behavioral\ud
control as a predictor of intention, but less for moral obligation and identity. As hypothesised,\ud
attitude was a stronger predictor of intention amongst the qualified respondents than the other\ud
two groups. We conclude that the TPB is less effective for the bigger and harder-toimplement\ud
decisions in life than for smaller and easier-to-implement ones. Also, the absolute\ud
and relative importance of some TPB variables varies with personal circumstances
Using a shallow linguistic kernel for drug-drug interaction extraction

A drug–drug interaction (DDI) occurs when one drug influences the level or activity of another drug. Information Extraction (IE) techniques can provide health care professionals with an interesting way to reduce time spent reviewing the literature for potential drug–drug interactions. Nevertheless, no approach has been proposed to the problem of extracting DDIs in biomedical texts. In this article, we study whether a machine learning-based method is appropriate for DDI extraction in biomedical texts and whether the results provided are superior to those obtained from our previously proposed pattern-based approach [1]. The method proposed here for DDI extraction is based on a supervised machine learning technique, more specifically, the shallow linguistic kernel proposed in Giuliano et al. (2006) [2]. Since no benchmark corpus was available to evaluate our approach to DDI extraction, we created the first such corpus, DrugDDI, annotated with 3169 DDIs. We performed several experiments varying the configuration parameters of the shallow linguistic kernel. The model that maximizes the F-measure was evaluated on the test data of the DrugDDI corpus, achieving a precision of 51.03%, a recall of 72.82% and an F-measure of 60.01%.
To the best of our knowledge, this work has proposed the first full solution for the automatic extraction of DDIs from biomedical texts. Our study confirms that the shallow linguistic kernel outperforms our previous pattern-based approach. Additionally, it is our hope that the DrugDDI corpus will allow researchers to explore new solutions to the DDI extraction problem.This study was funded by the Projects MA2VICMR (S2009/TIC-1542) and MULTIMEDICA (TIN2010-20644-C03-01).Publicad
Precise measurements of the properties of the B_1(5721)^(0,+) and
  B_2*(5747)^(0,+) states and observation of B^(+,0) pi^(-,+) mass structures

Invariant mass distributions of B+pi- and B0pi+ combinations are investigated
in order to study excited B mesons. The analysis is based on a data sample
corresponding to 3.0 fb-1 of pp collision data, recorded by the LHCb detector
at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. Precise measurements of the masses
and widths of the B_1(5721)^(0,+) and B_2*(5747)^(0,+) states are reported.
Clear enhancements, particularly prominent at high pion transverse momentum,
are seen over background in the mass range 5850--6000 MeV in both B+pi- and
B0pi+ combinations. The structures are consistent with the presence of four
excited B mesons, labelled B_J(5840)^(0,+) and B_J(5960)^(0,+), whose masses
and widths are obtained under different hypotheses for their quantum numbers.Comment: 29 pages, 5 Figures, 8 Table
Abelian reductions of deformed ${\cal N}=4$ SYM

Following the work in \cite{Mohammed:2012gi}, where the massive ABJM model in
2+1 dimensions was shown to have an abelian reduction to the relativistic
Landau-Ginzburg, and motivated by the implications for condensed matter through
AdS/CFT, we show that a FI deformation of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM in 3+1 dimensions
with a mass term can also be reduced to a relativistic Landau-Ginzburg model,
with the possibility of coupling it to a real scalar, whereas the simply mass
deformed ${\cal N}=4$ SYM reduces only to a massive $\phi^4$ model (scalar QED)
coupled to a real scalar. We study the classical solutions of the model, in
particular vortex solutions.Comment: 17 pages, no figure
On dynamical realizations of l-conformal Galilei and Newton-Hooke
  algebras

In two recent papers [N. Aizawa, Y. Kimura, J. Segar, J. Phys. A 46 (2013)
405204] and [N. Aizawa, Z. Kuznetsova, F. Toppan, J. Math. Phys. 56 (2015)
031701], representation theory of the centrally extended l-conformal Galilei
algebra with half-integer l has been applied so as to construct second order
differential equations exhibiting the corresponding group as kinematical
symmetry. It was suggested to treat them as the Schrodinger equations which
involve Hamiltonians describing dynamical systems without higher derivatives.
The Hamiltonians possess two unusual features, however. First, they involve the
standard kinetic term only for one degree of freedom, while the remaining
variables provide contributions linear in momenta. This is typical for
Ostrogradsky's canonical approach to the description of higher derivative
systems. Second, the Hamiltonian in the second paper is not Hermitian in the
conventional sense. In this work, we study the classical limit of the quantum
Hamiltonians and demonstrate that the first of them is equivalent to the
Hamiltonian describing free higher derivative nonrelativistic particles, while
the second can be linked to the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator whose frequencies
form the arithmetic sequence omega_k=(2k-1), k=1,...,n. We also confront the
higher derivative models with a genuine second order system constructed in our
recent work [A. Galajinsky, I. Masterov, Nucl. Phys. B 866 (2013) 212] which is
discussed in detail for l=3/2.Comment: V2:12 pages,clarifying remarks included into the Introduction and
  Conclusion, the version to appear in NP