pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Investigating the functions of subregions within anterior hippocampus.

Previous functional MRI (fMRI) studies have associated anterior hippocampus with imagining and recalling scenes, imagining the future, recalling autobiographical memories and visual scene perception. We have observed that this typically involves the medial rather than the lateral portion of the anterior hippocampus. Here, we investigated which specific structures of the hippocampus underpin this observation. We had participants imagine novel scenes during fMRI scanning, as well as recall previously learned scenes from two different time periods (one week and 30 min prior to scanning), with analogous single object conditions as baselines. Using an extended segmentation protocol focussing on anterior hippocampus, we first investigated which substructures of the hippocampus respond to scenes, and found both imagination and recall of scenes to be associated with activity in presubiculum/parasubiculum, a region associated with spatial representation in rodents. Next, we compared imagining novel scenes to recall from one week or 30 min before scanning. We expected a strong response to imagining novel scenes and 1-week recall, as both involve constructing scene representations from elements stored across cortex. By contrast, we expected a weaker response to 30-min recall, as representations of these scenes had already been constructed but not yet consolidated. Both imagination and 1-week recall of scenes engaged anterior hippocampal structures (anterior subiculum and uncus respectively), indicating possible roles in scene construction. By contrast, 30-min recall of scenes elicited significantly less activation of anterior hippocampus but did engage posterior CA3. Together, these results elucidate the functions of different parts of the anterior hippocampus, a key brain area about which little is definitely known
Search for new resonances in Wγ and Zγ final states in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This Letter presents a search for new resonances decaying to final states with a vector boson produced in association with a high transverse momentum photon, Vγ, with V=W(→ℓν)V=W(→ℓν) or Z(→ℓ[superscript +]ℓ[superscript −]), where ℓ=e or μ . The measurements use 20.3 fb[superscript −1] of proton–proton collision data at a center-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector. No deviations from the Standard Model expectations are found, and production cross section limits are set at 95% confidence level. Masses of the hypothetical a[subscript T] and ω[subscript T] states of a benchmark Low Scale Technicolor model are excluded in the ranges [275, 960] GeV and [200,700]∪[750,890] GeV, respectively. Limits at 95% confidence level on the production cross section of a singlet scalar resonance decaying to Zγ final states have also been obtained for masses below 1180 GeV.European Organization for Nuclear ResearchUnited States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Brookhaven National Laborator
INVESTIGATING THE NATURE OF IGR J17454–2919 USING X-RAY AND NEAR-INFRARED OBSERVATIONS

IGR J17454−2919 is a hard X-ray transient discovered by INTEGRAL on 2014 September 27. We report on our 20 ks Chandra observation of the source, performed about five weeks after the discovery, as well as on INTEGRAL and Swift long-term monitoring observations. X-ray broad-band spectra of the source are compatible with an absorbed power law, Γ ~ 1.6–1.8, N[subscript H] ~ (10–12) X 10[superscript 22] cm[superscript -2], with no trace of a cut-off in the data up to about 100 keV, and with an average absorbed 0.5–100 keV flux of about (7.1–9.7) X 10[superscript -10] erg cm[superscript -2] s[superscript -1]. With Chandra, we determine the most accurate X-ray position of IGR J17454−2919, α[subscript J2000] = 17[superscript h]45[superscript m]27[s over .]69, δ[subscript J2000] = −29°19' 53[" over .]8 (90% uncertainty of 0[" over .]6), consistent with the NIR source 2MASS J17452768–2919534. We also include NIR investigations from our observations of the source field on 2014 October 6 with GROND. With the multi-wavelength information at hand, we discuss the possible nature of IGR J17454−2919.United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant G04-15027X
Training transfer evaluation in the public administration of Catalonia : the MEVIT factors model

The current research highlights the need to find alternative ways to measure learning transfer by means of diagnosis of barriers and facilitators of training effectiveness (Baldwin & Ford, 1988 [1]; Noe, 1988 [2]; Pineda et al., 2010 [3]; Quesada et al., 2011 [4]). We developed the MEVIT model, a 40 items, 5-point Likert scale questionnaire measurings the factors affecting learning transfer. Our sample consisted of 458 employees of the Public Administration of Catalonia –PAC-. After an exploratory factor analysis, the results showed “motivational elements” as being the most valued factor by participants in training, with an average of 4.49 out of 5 s. The least significant factors are related to the “work context” (3.73), followed by the “elements of control over transfer opportunities” (3.74). The study provides a reliable tool to measure what facilitates and what hinders learning transfer and, therefore, the areas of improvement for an efficient and cost-effective training in the PA
Measurement of the WW cross section in root s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous gauge couplings

This Letter reports a measurement of the WW production cross section in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb⁻¹ collected with the ATLAS detector. Using leptonic decays of oppositely charged W bosons, the total measured cross section is σ(pp → WW) = 54.4 ± 4.0 (stat.) ± 3.9 (syst.) ± 2.0 (lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of σ(pp→WW) = 44.4±2.8 pb. Limits on anomalous electroweak triple-gauge couplings are extracted from a fit to the transverse-momentum distribution of the leading charged lepton in the eventG. Aad ... P. Jackson ... L. Lee ... A. Petridis ... N. Soni ... M. J. White ... et al. (ATLAS Collaboration
A first principle hybrid functional calculation of TmGe 3+-VGe defect complexes in germanium

By means of density functional theory (DFT), using the screened Heyd,
Scuseria, and Ernzerhof (HSE06) hybrid functional we present results of the Tm3+Ge-VGe defect complexes in germanium (Ge). The formation energies of the  rst (fnn), second (snn), third (tnn) and fourth (ftnn) nearest neighbour con gurations of Tm3+Ge-VGe were examined. The charge state transition levels for all these con gurations were examined as well. The Tm3+Ge-VGe complexes
were found to have a positive binding energies for the neutral charge
state in the fnn and ftnn con gurations. The thermodynamic transition levels revealed that the Tm3+Ge-VGe induced shallow levels in the band gap for the fnn, tnn and ftnn con gurations and deep level for the tnn con guration.The snn con guration showed no charge state transition level, the -2 charge state was stable for all Fermi energies in the band gap . The Tm3+Ge-VGe displayed
evidence of a single donor level (+1=0) and an acceptor level (-1=-2) within the band gap. Charge state controlled metastability was exhibited by the Tm3+Ge-VGe.The National Research foundation (NRF) of South Africa (Grant specific unique reference number (UID) 78838).http://www.journals.elsevier.com/computational-condensed-matter/hb2016Physic
Is it safe to implant bioresorbable scaffolds in ostial side-branch lesions? Impact of ‘neo-carina’ formation on main-branch flow pattern. Longitudinal clinical observations

AbstractFormation of a ‘neo-carina’ has been reported after bioresorbable vascular scaffolds (BVS) implantation over side-branches. However, as this ‘neo-carina’ could protrude into the main-branch, its hemodynamic impact remains unknown. We present two cases of BVS implantation for ostial side-branch lesions, and investigate the flow patterns at follow-up and their potential impact. Computational fluid dynamics analysis was performed, using a 3D mesh created by fusion of 3-dimensional angiogram with optical coherence tomography images. In our first case, mild disturbances were seen when ‘neo-carina’ did not protrude perpendicularly into the main branch. In the second case, extensive flow re-distribution was observed due to a more pronounced protrusion of the ‘neo-carina’. Importantly, these areas of hemodynamic disturbance were observed together with lumen narrowing in a non-stenotic vessel segment. Our case observations highlight the importance of investigating the hemodynamic consequences of BVS implantation in bifurcation lesions and illustrate a novel method to do so in vivo
Resolutions, higher extensions and the relative Malʼtsev axiom

AbstractWe study how the concept of higher-dimensional extension which comes from categorical Galois theory relates to simplicial resolutions. For instance, an augmented simplicial object is a resolution if and only if its truncation in every dimension gives a higher extension, in which sense resolutions are infinite-dimensional extensions or higher extensions are finite-dimensional resolutions. We also relate certain stability conditions of extensions to the Kan property for simplicial objects. This gives a new proof of the fact that a regular category is Malʼtsev if and only if every simplicial object is Kan, using a relative setting of extensions
750 GeV diphoton excess from E6 in F-theory GUTs

AbstractWe interpret the 750–760 GeV diphoton resonance as one or more of the spinless components of a singlet superfield arising from the three 27-dimensional representations of E6 in F-theory, which also contain three copies of colour-triplet charge ∓1/3 vector-like fermions Di,D¯i and inert Higgs doublets to which the singlets may couple. For definiteness we consider (without change) a model that was proposed some time ago which contains such states, as well as bulk exotics, leading to gauge coupling unification. The smoking gun prediction of the model is the existence of other similar spinless resonances, possibly close in mass to 750–760 GeV, decaying into diphotons, as well as the three families of vector-like fermions Di,D¯i
A Late Glacial family at Trollesgave, Denmark

AbstractMicrowear analysis is applied to reconstruct the function and social organisation at the Late Glacial site of Trollesgave, Denmark. As with Bromme Culture sites in general, the lithic assemblage consists of primarily three types of tools. There is a strong association between these types and their use: end scrapers for dry hide scraping; burins for working hard material, primarily bone; and tanged points primarily for projectile tips. Nearly all divergence from this pattern can be referred to as the activities of children, the products and workshops of which have previously been identified. Based on the combined information from microwear analysis, flint knapping and spatial distribution of artefacts, the assemblage is inferred as the traces of a single family hunting (and fishing) occupation
Comparison of the Gottfried and Adler sum rules within the large-Nc expansion

AbstractThe Adler sum rule for deep inelastic neutrino scattering measures the isospin of the nucleon and is hence exact. By contrast, the corresponding Gottfried sum rule for charged lepton scattering was based merely on a valence picture and is modified both by perturbative and by non-perturbative effects. Noting that the known perturbative corrections to two-loop order are suppressed by a factor 1/Nc2, relative to those for higher moments, we propose that this suppression persists at higher orders and also applies to higher-twist effects. Moreover, we propose that the differences between the corresponding radiative corrections to higher non-singlet moments in charged-lepton and neutrino deep inelastic scattering are suppressed by 1/Nc2, in all orders of perturbation theory. For the first moment, in the Gottfried sum rule, the substantial discrepancy between the measured value and the valence-model expectation may be attributed to an intrinsic isospin asymmetry in the nucleon sea, as is indeed the case in a chiral-soliton model, where the discrepancy persists in the limit Nc→∞
Globally enhanced mercury deposition during the end-Pliensbachian extinction and Toarcian OAE: A link to the Karoo–Ferrar Large Igneous Province

AbstractThe Mesozoic Era featured emplacement of a number of Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs), formed by the outpouring of millions of cubic kilometres of basaltic magma. The radiometric ages of several Mesozoic LIPs coincide with the dates of Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs). As a result of these coincidences, a causal link has been suggested, but never conclusively proven. This study explores the use of mercury as a possible direct link between the Karoo–Ferrar LIP and the coeval Toarcian OAE (T-OAE). Mercury is emitted to the atmosphere as a trace constituent of volcanic gas, and may be distributed globally before being deposited in sediments. Modern marine deposits show a strong linear correlation between mercury and organic-matter content. Results presented here indicate departures from such a simple linear relationship in sediments deposited during the T-OAE, and also during the Pliensbachian–Toarcian transition (an event that saw elevated benthic extinctions and carbon-cycle perturbations prior to the T-OAE). A number of depositional settings illustrate an increased mercury concentration in sediments that record one or both events, suggesting a rise in the depositional flux of this element. Complications to this relationship may arise from very organic-rich sediments potentially overprinting any Hg/TOC signal, whereas environments preserving negligible organic matter may leave no record of mercury deposition. However, the global distribution of coevally elevated Hg-rich levels suggests enhanced atmospheric mercury availability during the Early Toarcian, potentially aided by the apparent affinity of Hg for terrestrial organic matter, although the relative importance of aquatic vs terrestrial fixation of Hg in governing these enrichments remains uncertain. A perturbation in atmospheric Hg is most easily explained by enhanced volcanic output. It is suggested that extrusive igneous activity caused increased mercury flux to the Early Toarcian sedimentary realm, supporting the potential of this element as a proxy for ancient volcanism. This interpretation is consistent with a relationship between LIP formation and a perturbed carbon cycle during the Pliensbachian–Toarcian transition and T-OAE. The recording of these two distinct Hg excursions may also indicate that the Karoo–Ferrar LIP released volatiles in temporally distinct episodes, due either to multiple phases of magmatic emplacement or sporadic release of thermogenic gaseous products from intrusion of igneous material into volatile-rich lithologies
Self-similarity in a general aggregation–fragmentation problem. Application to fitness analysis

AbstractWe consider the linear growth and fragmentation equation:∂∂tu(x,t)+∂∂x(τ(x)u)+β(x)u=2∫x∞β(y)κ(x,y)u(y,t)dy, with general coefficients τ, β and κ. Under suitable conditions (see Doumic Jauffret and Gabriel, 2010 [1]), the first eigenvalue represents the asymptotic growth rate of solutions, also called the fitness or Malthus coefficient in population dynamics. This value is of crucial importance in understanding the long-time behavior of the population. We investigate the dependence of the dominant eigenvalue and the corresponding eigenvector on the transport and fragmentation coefficients. We show how it behaves asymptotically depending on whether transport dominates fragmentation or vice versa. For this purpose we perform a suitable blow-up analysis of the eigenvalue problem in the limit of a small/large growth coefficient (resp. fragmentation coefficient). We exhibit a possible non-monotonic dependence on the parameters, in contrast to what would have been conjectured on the basis of some simple cases
Asymptotic distribution of the OLS estimator for a mixed spatial model

AbstractWe find the asymptotic distribution of the OLS estimator of the parameters β and ρ in the mixed spatial model with exogenous regressors Yn=Xnβ+ρWnYn+Vn. The exogenous regressors may be bounded or growing, like polynomial trends. The assumption about the spatial matrix Wn is appropriate for the situation when each economic agent is influenced by many others. The error term is a short-memory linear process. The key finding is that in general the asymptotic distribution contains both linear and quadratic forms in standard normal variables and is not normal
Analytical study of Yang–Mills theory in the infrared from first principles

AbstractPure Yang–Mills SU(N) theory is studied in the Landau gauge and four dimensional space. While leaving the original Lagrangian unmodified, a double perturbative expansion is devised, based on a massive free-particle propagator. In dimensional regularization, all diverging mass terms cancel exactly in the double expansion, without the need to include mass counterterms that would spoil the symmetry of the Lagrangian. No free parameters are included that were not in the original theory, yielding a fully analytical approach from first principles. The expansion is safe in the infrared and is equivalent to the standard perturbation theory in the UV. At one-loop, explicit analytical expressions are given for the propagators and the running coupling and are found in excellent agreement with the data of lattice simulations. A universal scaling property is predicted for the inverse propagators and shown to be satisfied by the lattice data. Higher loops are found to be negligible in the infrared below 300 MeV where the coupling becomes small and the one-loop approximation is under full control
Analytical modeling of synthetic fiber ropes. Part II: A linear elastic model for 1+6 fibrous structures

AbstractIn part I of this study it was shown that, to model synthetic fiber ropes, two scale transition models can be used in sequence. The first model (continuum model) has been presented in the part I and the present paper examines the behavior of a fibrous structure consisting of 6 helicoidal strands around a central core (1+6 structure). An analytical model will be presented which enables the global elastic behavior of such a cable under tension–torsion loading to be predicted. In this model, first, the core and the strands are described as Kirchhoff–Love beams and then the traction–torsion coupling behavior is taken into account for both of them. By modeling the contact conditions between the strands and the core, with certain assumptions, it is possible to describe the behavior of the cable section as a function of the degrees of freedom of the core. The behavior of the cable can thus be deduced from the tension–torsion coupling behavior of its constituents. Tensile tests have been performed on the core, the strands and then on a full scale 205ton failure load cable. Finally, predicted stiffness from the analytical models is compared to the test results
Fiducial and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production measured in the four-lepton decay channel in pp collisions at s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

AbstractMeasurements of fiducial and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production in the H→ZZ⁎→4ℓ decay channel are presented. The cross sections are determined within a fiducial phase space and corrected for detection efficiency and resolution effects. They are based on 20.3 fb−1 of pp collision data, produced at s=8 TeV centre-of-mass energy at the LHC and recorded by the ATLAS detector. The differential measurements are performed in bins of transverse momentum and rapidity of the four-lepton system, the invariant mass of the subleading lepton pair and the decay angle of the leading lepton pair with respect to the beam line in the four-lepton rest frame, as well as the number of jets and the transverse momentum of the leading jet. The measured cross sections are compared to selected theoretical calculations of the Standard Model expectations. No significant deviation from any of the tested predictions is found
An ice-sheet scale comparison of eskers with modelled subglacial drainage routes

AbstractEskers record the signature of channelised meltwater drainage during deglaciation providing vital information on the nature and evolution of subglacial drainage. In this paper, we compare the spatial pattern of eskers beneath the former Laurentide Ice Sheet with subglacial drainage routes diagnosed at discrete time intervals from the results of a numerical ice-sheet model. Perhaps surprisingly, we show that eskers predominantly occur in regions where modelled subglacial water flow is low. Eskers and modelled subglacial drainage routes were found to typically match over distances of <10km, and most eskers show a better agreement with the routes close to the ice margin just prior to deglaciation. This supports a time-transgressive esker pattern, with formation in short (<10km) segments of conduit close behind a retreating ice margin, and probably associated with thin, stagnant or sluggish ice. Esker-forming conduits were probably dominated by supraglacially fed meltwater inputs. We also show that modelled subglacial drainage routes containing the largest concentrations of meltwater show a close correlation with palaeo-ice stream locations. The paucity of eskers along the terrestrial portion of these palaeo-ice streams and meltwater routes is probably because of the prevalence of distributed drainage and the high erosion potential of fast-flowing ice
Second-order eikonal corrections for A(e,e′p)

AbstractThe first-order eikonal approximation is frequently adopted in interpreting the results of A(e,e′p) measurements. Glauber calculations, for example, typically adopt the first-order eikonal approximation. We present an extension of the relativistic eikonal approach to A(e,e′p) which accounts for second-order eikonal corrections. The numerical calculations are performed within the relativistic optical model eikonal approximation. The nuclear transparency results indicate that the effect of the second-order eikonal corrections is rather modest, even at Q2≈0.2 (GeV/c)2. The same applies to polarization observables, left–right asymmetries, and differential cross sections at low missing momenta. At high missing momenta, however, the second-order eikonal corrections are significant and bring the calculations in closer agreement with the data and/or the exact results from models adopting partial-wave expansions