pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Four Tilting Rotor Convertible MAV: Modeling and Real-Time Hover Flight Control

International audienceThis paper describes the modeling, control and hardware implementation of an experimental tilt-rotor aircraft. This vehicle combines the high-speed cruise capabilities of a conventional airplane with the hovering capabilities of a helicopter by tilting their four rotors. Changing between cruise and hover flight modes in mid-air is referred to transition. Dynamic model of the vehicle is derived both for vertical and horizontal flight modes using Newtonian approach. Two nonlinear control strategies are presented and evaluated at simulation level to control, the vertical and horizontal flight dynamics of the vehicle in the longitudinal plane. An experimental prototype named Quad-plane was developed to perform the vertical flight. A low-cost DSP-based Embedded Flight Control System (EFCS) was designed and built to achieve autonomous attitude-stabilized flight
Spontaneous autophoretic motion of isotropic particles

International audienceSuspended colloidal particles interacting chemically with a solute can self-propel by autophoretic motion when they are asymmetrically patterned (Janus colloids). Here we demonstrate theoretically that such anisotropy is not necessary for locomotion and that the nonlinear interplay between surface osmotic flows and solute advection can produce spontaneous and self-sustained motion of isotropic particles. Solving the classical autophoretic framework for isotropic particles, we show that, for given material properties, there exists a critical particle size (or Peclet number) above which spontaneous symmetry-breaking and autophoretic motion occur. A hierarchy of instabilities is further identified for quantized critical Peclet numbers. (C) 2013 AIP Publishing LLC
Geometrical Models for Substitutions

International audienceWe consider a substitution associated with the Arnoux-Yoccoz interval exchange transformation (IET) related to the tribonacci substitution. We construct the so-called stepped lines associated with the fixed points of the substitution in the abelianization (symbolic) space. We analyze various projections of the stepped line, recovering the Rauzy fractal, a Peano curve related to work in [Arnoux 88], another Peano curve related to the work of [McMullen 09] and [Lowenstein et al. 07], and also the interval exchange transformation itself
Adequate Moods for non-EU Decision Making in a Sequential Framework
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A synthetic Discussion

International audienceIn a dynamic (sequential) framework, departures from the independence axiom (IND) are reputed to induce violations of dynamic consistency (DC), which may in turn have undesirable normative consequences. This result thus questions the normative acceptability of non expected-utility (non-EU) models, which precisely relax IND. This paper pursues a twofold objective. The main one is to discuss the normative conclusion: usual arguments linking violations of DC to departures from IND are shown to be actually based on specific (but usually remaining implicit) assumptions which may rightfully be released, so that it is actually possible for a non-EU maximizer to be dynamically consistent and thus avoid normative difficulties. The second objective is to introduce a kind of 'reality principle' (through two other evaluation criteria) in order to mitigate the normative requirement when examining adequate moods for non-EU decision making
Headwater valley response to climate and land use changes during theLittle Ice Age in the Massif Central (Yzeron basin, France)

International audienceThe geomorphological response of valley bottoms in eastern France to climatic fluctuations of the Little Ice Age (LIA) was investigated using sedimentological analysis together with optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and radiocarbon dating. Diachronic mapping of land use since the beginning of the nineteenth century was also carried out. Since A.D. 1500, the valley bottoms experienced three cycles of aggradation and subsequent incision , each characterized by paired periods of high and low detritic activity. While the impact of human activity on the aggradation of the alluvial plain is observed, the vertical dynamics of the valley bottom deposits seemingly were also linked to the hydroclimatic fluctuations during the LIA. The sensitivity to these fluctuations was increased by human activity at the scale of the basin. Variations of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and solar activity from the last five centuries correlate with wet and cold phases during which valley bottoms accumulated , and dry and warm phases during which the streams incised into the valley floors. This fluvial sensitivity to the meteorological conditions induced temporal variations in sedimentary supply originating from either direct input from remnants of periglacial alluvial sheets or local rocky outcrops and/or from indirect input from the erosion of alluvial and colluvial deposits. These two components, combined with the sheet runoff over the ploughlands, express the complex coupling between hillslopes and valley bottoms in the headwater catchments. This caused a cascade-shaped transit of the sediments characterized by alternating phases of storage and removal. Keywords: Little Ice Age Headwater valley bottom deposits Aggradation-incision cycle OSL and radiocarbon dating Landscape history Massif Centra
Evolution of the crustal magma plumbing system during the build-up to the 22-ka caldera-forming eruption of Santorini (Greece)

International audienceThe formation of shallow, caldera-sized reservoirs of crystal-poor silicic magma requires the generation of large volumes of silicic melt, followed by the segregation of that melt and its accumulation in the upper crust. The 21.8 ± 0.4-ka Cape Riva eruption of Santorini discharged >10 km3 of crystal-poor dacitic magma, along with <0.004 km3 year-1. Rapid ascent and accumulation of the Cape Riva dacite may have been caused by an increased flux of mantle-derived basalt into the crust, explaining the occurrence of hybrid andesites (formed by the mixing of olivine basalt and dacite in approximately equal proportions) in the Cape Riva and late Therasia products. Pressurisation of the upper crustal plumbing system by sustained, high-flux injection of dacite and basalt may have triggered the transition from prolonged, largely effusive activity to explosive eruption and caldera collapse
Theoretical profiles of the Mg + resonance lines perturbed by collisions with He

International audienceThe effects of collision broadening by He are central to understanding the opacity of cool stellar atmospheres. Aims. DZ white dwarfs show metal lines which are, in many cases, believed to come from some rocky material, a remnant of a former exoplanetary system. The analysis of the Mg + resonance lines is a valuable method to determine the chemical abundances in these systems. Methods. Unified profiles of the strongest of the UV lines of Mg + have been calculated in the semi-classical approach using very recent ab initio potential energies. Results. We present the first theoretical line profile calculations of the resonance lines of Mg + that have been perturbed by helium in physical conditions of atmospheres in helium-rich white dwarfs with metal traces
Dynamo threshold detection in the von Kármán sodium experiment

International audiencePredicting dynamo self-generation in liquidmetal experiments has been an ongoing question for many years. In contrast to simple dynamical systems for which reliable techniques have been developed, the ability to predict the dynamo capacity of a flow and the estimate of the corresponding critical value of the magnetic Reynolds number (the control parameter of the instability) has been elusive, partly due to the high level of turbulent fluctuations of flows in such experiments (with kinetic Reynolds numbers in excess of 10^6).We address these issues here, using the von Karman sodium experiment and studying its response to an externally applied magnetic field. We first show that a dynamo threshold can be estimated from analysis related to critical slowing down and susceptibility divergence, in configurations for which dynamo action is indeed observed. These approaches are then applied to flow configurations that have failed to self-generate magnetic fields within operational limits, and we quantify the dynamo capacity of these configurations
Publishing scientific software matters

International audienceSoftware is a central part of modern scientific discovery. Software turns a theoretical model into quantitative predictions; software controls an experi- ment; and software extracts from raw data evidence supporting or rejecting a theory. As of today, scientific publications seldom discuss software in depth, maybe because it is both highly technical and a recent addition to scientific tools. But times are changing. More and more scientific investi- gators are developing software and it is important to establish norms for publication of this work
Experimental Evidence of Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem Violation in a Superspin Glass

We present the experimental observation of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) violation in an assembly of interacting magnetic nanoparticles in the low temperature superspin glass phase. The magnetic noise is measured with a two-dimension electron gas Hall probe and compared to the out of phase ac susceptibility of the same ferrofluid. For "intermediate" aging times of the order of 1 h, the ratio of the effective temperature $T_{\rm eff}$ to the bath temperature T grows from 1 to 6.5 when T is lowered from $T_g$ to 0.3 $T_g$, regardless of the noise frequency. These values are comparable to those measured in an atomic spin glass as well as those calculated for a Heisenberg spin glass
Josephson current through a precessing classical spin

International audienceA study of the dc Josephson current between two superconducting leads in the presence of a precessing classical spin is presented. The precession gives rise to a time-dependent tunnel potential which not only implies different tunneling probabilities for spin-up and spin-down quasiparticles, but introduces also a time-dependent spin-flip term. We provide an exact general analytic solution for the out-of-equilibrium steady-state permanent current between two spin-singlet superconductors as a function of the superconducting phase difference, the precession frequency and for arbitrary junction transparency. As an application we focus on the effects of the spin-flip term alone and show that the magnitude and nature of the Josephson current are indeed strongly affected by the precession of the classical spin
Highly-accurate stability-preserving optimization of the Zener viscoelastic model, with application to wave propagation in the presence of strong attenuation

International audienceThis article concerns the numerical modeling of time-domain mechanical waves in vis-coelastic media based on a generalized Zener model. To do so, classically in the literature relaxation mechanisms are introduced, resulting in a set of so-called memory variables and thus in large computational arrays that need to be stored. A challenge is thus to accurately mimic a given attenuation law using a minimal set of relaxation mechanisms. For this purpose, we replace the classical linear approach of Emmerich & Korn (1987) with a nonlinear optimization approach with constraints of positivity. We show that this technique is significantly more accurate than the linear approach. Moreover it ensures that physically-meaningful relaxation times that always honor the constraint of decay of total energy with time are obtained. As a result these relaxation times can always be used in a stable way in a modeling algorithm, even in the case of very strong attenuation for which the classical linear approach may provide some negative and thus unusable coefficients
Rock magnetic investigation of possible sources of the Bangui magnetic anomaly

International audienceThe Bangui magnetic anomaly (BMA) is the largest lithospheric magnetic field anomaly on Earth at low latitudes. Previous studies investigated its geological source using constraints from satellite and ground magnetic field measurements, as well as from surface magnetic susceptibility measurements on rocks from the Panafrican Mobile Belt Zone (PMBZ). Here we combine magnetic field data modelling and rock magnetic property measurements (susceptibility and natural remanent magnetization, NRM) on many samples from this PMBZ and the surrounding formations. It reveals that NRM is a significant component of the total magnetization (Mt) of the BMA source, which reaches 4.3 A/m with maximum thicknesses of 38 and 54 km beneath the western and eastern parts of the BMA. Only the isolated and relatively thin banded iron formations and some migmatites show such Mt values. Thus we suggest that the thick BMA source may be composed either by overlapped slices of such metamorphic rocks, or by an iron-rich mafic source, or by a combination of these two geological structures
Deciphering orogenic evolution

International audienceDeciphering orogenic evolution requires the integration of a growing number of geological and geophysical techniques on various spatial and temporal scales. Contrasting visions of mountain building and lithospheric deformation have been proposed in recent years. These models depend on the respective roles assigned to the mantle, the crust or the sediments. This article summarizes the contents of the Special Issue dedicated to 'Geodynamics and Orogenesis' following the 'Réunion previous termdesnext termprevious termSciencesnext termprevious termdenext termprevious termlaprevious termTerre' 2010 conference held in Bordeaux, France. Further, based on the example of the Western Alps-Mediterranean domain we emphasize the possibility to integrate long and short term, plate- to sample-scale, datasets in order to constrain orogenic evolution
Hunting lesions caused by osseous projectile points: experimental results and archaeological implications.

International audienceThe identification of projectile impact traces on archaeological faunal remains is an important issue for understanding prehistoric hunting behavior, especially in the Paleolithic and Mesolithic. From the beginning of the Upper Paleolithic in Europe, and earlier in Africa, projectiles tipped with osseous points were of great importance for subsistence; but thus far, no specific experimental reference has been developed to help identify the traces left by these points. In 2003 and 2004 two series of projectile experiments with antler points of Magdalenian design were organized, involving two ox calves and two female fallow deer as targets for bow and spearthrower shooting. The subsequent study demonstrates that positive identifications of impact traces left by osseous points can be made. The observation of 127 impact traces allowed us to distinguish three main types of traces: notches, punctures and perforations. The relationships between the nature of the impact traces and the (i) target species, (ii) characteristics of the impacted bones, and (iii) type of weapon are presented. Synthesized results are then discussed within the context of the European Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic
Mantle sources and magma evolution beneath the Cameroon Volcanic Line: Geochemistry of mafic rocks from the Bamenda Mountains (NW Cameroon)

International audienceWe report the mineralogy, geochemistry and geochronology of the mafic rocks from the Bamenda Mountains, part of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL), in order to discuss the origin and evolution of the magmas in this part of the CVL. Mafic rocks in the Bamenda Mountains are basanites, basalts, hawaiites and mugearites with an alkaline affinity. K-Ar ages have been obtained on 10 samples and range from 17.6 Myr to present. Trace element and isotopic compositions (Sr-Nd-Pb) show that some samples among the oldest are slightly contaminated by a crustal component with high La/Nb and 87Sr/86Sr ratios and low Pb isotopic ratios. The mafic rocks strongly resemble OIB in their trace element compositions. Some samples possess a positive Sr and Eu anomaly which cannot be explained by a process of plagioclase accumulation. These anomalies are also observed in some pyroxenites found as xenoliths in the Adamawa volcanic province further north. Furthermore, non-contaminated samples have high Pb isotopic ratios and point towards an HIMU component similar to the St. Helena mantle plume. We propose that the Bamenda mafic magmas with positive Sr and Eu anomalies were formed by hybridization of asthenospheric melts with melts formed by the partial melting of pyroxenites. Samples without these anomalies result from the hybridization of the same asthenopheric melts with melts coming from the metasomatized, amphibole-bearing, lithospheric mantle
Tectonic and sedimentary inheritance on the structural framework of Provence (SE France): Importance of the Salon-Cavaillon fault

Cashima ProjectInternational audienceUsing field data, balanced cross-sections, gravity and reprocessed seismic reflection data, a detailed structural study has been realized on the Salon-Cavaillon fault (SCF) area, in Provence region (SE France). This fault separates two main ridges (the Alpilles to the west and the Luberon to the east). Field data and balanced cross-sections allow us to characterize the present-day structures and the post-Oligocene deformation that significantly differ on either sides of the SCF. Our structural study shows a post-Oligocene southward displacement of the structures on the two sides of the SCF. The Luberon ridge is a fault propagation-fold developed on a S-verging ramp. The anticline is bent as a drag fold in the vicinity of the dextral strike-slip SCF. The Alpilles ridge is a less developed fault propagation fold. Its eastern termination was affected by a counter-clockwise rigid block rotation around a vertical axis. The differences between the two ridges in terms of structural architecture are explained by the deep geometry of their ramp, inherited from the Late Cretaceous to Middle Eocene Pyrenean tectonic phase. The décollement level is shallow to the western side of the SCF (2-3 km), probably in the Lower Cretaceous or Upper Jurassic marls, than in the eastern side, the fault is rooted in Triassic layers at a depth > 5 km. The deep rooting favoured a large-scale fault propagation type of folding, whereas shallow-seated rooting favoured a small-scale fault propagation type of folding and block rotations. To image the sub-surface structures to the west of the SCF, we also included gravity data and reprocessed seismic reflection. It allows us to refine the regional tectonic framework and to detect several hidden E-trending S-verging folds. The main shortening episode in Provence occurred during the Pyrenean phase, with 65% of the total shortening to the east of the SCF and 95% to the west. From the Miocene to the present, Alpine shortening decreases strongly to the West of the SCF (less than 400 m against 2 km to the East), providing evidence for the major role of the SCF in the transfer of the south-directed Alpine deformation
Isolation and analysis of differentially expressed genes in Penicillium glabrum subjected to thermal stress

This is an author manuscript that has been accepted for publication in Journal of Medical Microbiology, copyright Society for General Microbiology, but has not been copy-edited, formatted or proofed. Cite this article as appearing in Journal of Medical Microbiology. This version of the manuscript may not be duplicated or reproduced, other than for personal use or within the rule of 'Fair Use of Copyrighted Materials' (section 17, Title 17, US Code), without permission from the copyright owner, Society for General Microbiology. The Society for General Microbiology disclaims any responsibility or liability for errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or in any version derived from it by any other parties. The final copy-edited, published article, which is the version of record, can be found at http://mic.sgmjournals.org, and is freely available without a subscription.International audiencePenicillium glabrum is a filamentous fungus frequently involved in food contamination. Numerous environmental factors (temperature, humidity, atmosphere composition, etc.) or food characteristics (water activity, pH, preservatives, etc.) could represent potential sources of stress for micro-organisms. These factors can directly affect physiology of these spoilage micro-organisms: growth, conidiation, synthesis of secondary metabolites, etc. This study investigates the transcriptional response to temperature in P. glabrum, since this factor is one of the most important for fungal growth. Gene expression was first analysed by using suppression subtractive hybridization to generate two libraries containing 445 different up- and down-regulated Expressed Sequenced Tags (ESTs). Expression of these ESTs was then assessed for different thermal stress conditions, with cDNA microarrays, resulting in the identification of 35 and 49 significantly up- and down-regulated ESTs, respectively. These ESTs encode heat shock proteins, ribosomal proteins, superoxide dismutase, trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and a large variety of identified or unknown proteins. Some of them may be potential molecular markers for thermal stress response in P. glabrum. To our knowledge, this work represents the first study of the transcriptional response of a food spoilage filamentous fungus under thermal stress conditions
Dynamic Programming and Error Estimates for Stochastic Control Problems with Maximum Cost

International audienceThis work is concerned with stochastic optimal control for a running maximum cost. A direct approach based on dynamic programming techniques is studied leading to the characterization of the value function as the unique viscosity solution of a second order Hamilton- Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) equation with an oblique derivative boundary condition. A general numerical scheme is proposed and a convergence result is provided. Error estimates are obtained for the semi-Lagrangian scheme. These results can apply to the case of lookback options in finance. Moreover, optimal control problems with maximum cost arise in the characterization of the reachable sets for a system of controlled stochastic differential equations. Some numerical simulations on examples of reachable analysis are included to illustrate our approach
A theory for game theories

International audienceGame semantics is a valuable source of fully abstract models of programming languages or proof theories based on categories of so-called games and strategies. However, there are many variants of this technique, whose interrelationships largely remain to be elucidated. This raises the question: what is a category of games and strategies? Our central idea, taken from the first author's PhD thesis, is that positions and moves in a game should be morphisms in a base category: playing move m in position f consists in factoring f through m, the new position being the other factor. Accordingly, we provide a general construction which, from a selection of "legal moves" in an almost arbitrary category, produces a category of games and strategies, together with subcategories of deterministic and winning strategies. As our running example, we instantiate our construction to obtain the standard category of Hyland-Ong games subject to the switching condition. The extension of our framework to games without the switching condition is handled in the first author's PhD thesis