pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On gauged linear sigma models with torsion

We study a broad class of two dimensional gauged linear sigma models (GLSMs) with off-shell N = 2 , 2 $$ \mathcal{N} = \left(2,\ 2\right) $$ supersymmetry that flow to nonlinear sigma models (NLSMs) on noncompact geometries with torsion. These models arise from coupling chi-ral, twisted chiral, and semichiral multiplets to known as well as to a new N = 2 , 2 $$ \mathcal{N} = \left(2,\ 2\right) $$ vector multiplet, the constrained semichiral vector multiplet (CSVM). We discuss three kinds of models, corresponding to torsionful deformations of standard GLSMs realizing Kähler, hy-perkähler, and Calabi-Yau manifolds. The (2, 2) supersymmetry guarantees that these spaces are generalized Kähler. Our analysis of the geometric structure is performed at the classical level, but we also discuss quantum aspects such as R-symmetry anomalies. We provide an explicit example of a generalized Kähler structure on the conifold
The effective Standard Model after LHC Run I

We treat the Standard Model as the low-energy limit of an effective field theory that incorporates higher-dimensional operators to capture the effects of decoupled new physics. We consider the constraints imposed on the coefficients of dimension-6 operators by electroweak precision tests (EWPTs), applying a framework for the effects of dimension- 6 operators on electroweak precision tests that is more general than the standard S, T formalism, and use measurements of Higgs couplings and the kinematics of associated Higgs production at the Tevatron and LHC, as well as triple-gauge couplings at the LHC. We highlight the complementarity between EWPTs, Tevatron and LHC measurements in obtaining model-independent limits on the effective Standard Model after LHC Run 1. We illustrate the combined constraints with the example of the two-Higgs doublet model
Network Economics and the Environment: Insights and Perspectives

Local interactions and network structures appear to be a prominent feature of many environmental problems. This paper discusses a wide range of issues and potential areas of application, including the role of relational networks in the pattern of adoption of green technologies, common pool resource problems characterized by a multiplicity of sources, the role of social networks in multi-level environmental governance, infrastructural networks in the access to and use of natural resources such as oil and natural gas, the use of networks to describe the internal structure of inter-country relations in international agreements, and the formation of bilateral “links” in the process of building up an environmental coalition. For each of these areas, we examine why and how network economics would be an effective conceptual and analytical tool, and discuss the main insights that we can foresee
Benchmarking real-valued acts

A benchmarking procedure ranks real-valued acts by the probability that they outperform a benchmark β which may itself be a random variable; that is, an act f is evaluated by means of the functional V (f) = P(f \ge  β). Expected utility is a special case of benchmarking procedure, where the acts and the benchmark\ud
are stochastically independent. This paper provides axiomatic characterizations of preference relations that are representable as benchmarking procedures. The key axiom is the sure-thing principle. When the state space is infinite, different continuity assumptions translate into different properties of the probability P
Preparation, characterization and catalytic applications of ZrO2 supported on low cost SBA-15

This work presents some applications of ZrO2 supported over SBA-15 silica as promoter of sulfated zirconia and as support from CuO/CeO 2 catalytic system for preferential oxidation of CO to CO2 in hydrogen rich streams, used as feed for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). Different amounts of ZrO2, from 10 to 30 wt.% were incorporated. These prepared materials were characterized by powder XRD, adsorption-desorption of N2 at 77 K, transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM and SEM) and X-rays photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The acidity was studied by thermo-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH 3-TPD). These materials were tested, after treatment with H 2SO4, by 2-propanol dehydration and 1-butene isomerization catalytic tests. The samples were found quite good catalyst with strong acid sites, the sample with 20 wt.% of ZrO2 being the better performing sample. Finally this material was successfully used as support for a CuO/CeO2 system, with 6 wt.% of Cu and 20 wt.% of Ce. The resulting catalyst was tested in the preferential oxidation of CO (CO-PROX) attaining conversions close to 100% and high selectivity to CO2
Using Google Forms to Track Library Space Usage

This article is a response to the excellent “Using Mobile Technology to Observe Student Study Behaviors and Track Library Space Usage” by Susan Thompson (2015). Thompson reviews the literature regarding user counts on mobile devices, and describes the California State University San Marcos (CSUSM) Library’s evaluation of SUMA, Counter+ and CloudOn. After trialing these mobile technologies, CSUSM selected CloudOn. At New York University Abu Dhabi (NYUAD), we use Google Forms to conduct user counts on an iPad and Google Sheets to evaluate this data. We find that Google Forms are easy to set up, modify as necessary, and present the data in easy-to-manipulate spreadsheets
First plasma of the A-PHOENIX electron cyclotron resonance ion source

International audienceA-PHOENIX is a new compact hybrid electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) using a large permanent magnet hexapole (1.92 Tesla at the magnet surface) and High Temperature Superconducting Solenoids (3 Tesla) to make min-|B| structure suitable for 28 GHz CW operation. The final assembly of the source was achieved at the end of june 2007. The first plasma of A-PHOENIX at 18 GHz was done on August the 16th 2007. The technological specificities of A-PHOENIX are presented. The large hexapole builded is presented and experimental magnetic measurements show that it is nominal with respect to simulation. A fake plasma chamber prototype including thin iron inserts showed that the predicted radial magnetic confinement can be fulfilled up to 2.15 Tesla at the plasma chamber wall. Planning of experiments scheduled until end 2008 is presented
Relationship of structural to functional impairment during alveolar-capillary membrane development

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a chronic lung disease of extreme preterm infants and results in impaired gas exchange. Although bronchopulmonary dysplasia is characterized histologically by alveolar-capillary simplification in animal models, it is clinically defined by impaired gas diffusion. With the use of a developmentally relevant model, we correlated alveolar-capillary structural simplification with reduced functional gas exchange as measured by the diffusing factor for carbon monoxide (DFCO). Neonatal mouse pups were exposed to >90% hyperoxia or room air during postnatal days 0 to 7, and then all pups were returned to room air from days 7 to 56. At day 56, DFCO was measured as the ratio of carbon monoxide uptake to neon dilution, and lungs were fixed for histologic assessment of alveolar-capillary development. Neonatal hyperoxia exposure inhibited alveolar-capillary septal development as evidenced by significantly increased mean linear intercept, increased airspace-to-septal ratio, decreased nodal density, and decreased pulmonary microvasculature. Importantly, alveolar-capillary structural deficits in hyperoxia-exposed pups were accompanied by a significant 28% decrease in DFCO (0.555 versus 0.400; P < 0.0001). In addition, DFCO was highly and significantly correlated with structural measures of reduced alveolar-capillary growth. Simplification of alveolar-capillary structure is highly correlated with impaired gas exchange function. Current mechanistic and therapeutic animal models of inhibited alveolar development may benefit from application of DFCO as an alternative physiologic indicator of alveolar-capillary development
Critical budget of metal sources and pathways in the Seine River basin (1994–2003) for Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn

International audienceRiver basin metal pollution originates from heavy industries (plating, automobile) and from urban sources (Paris conurbation: 2740 km2 , 9.47 million inhabitants). The natural sources of metal have been found to be limited due to sedimentary nature of this catchment and to the very low river sediment transport (10 t km − 2 y − 1). Several types of data have been collected to build the metal budget within the whole Seine River basin: field surveys, economical statistics and environmental models. Environmental contamination and related fluxes have been measured on atmospheric fallout, rural streams particles, and Seine River particles upstream and downstream of Paris and at river mouth. Metal pathways and budgets have been set up for (i) a typical cultivated area, (ii) a Paris combined sewer system, (iii) Paris conurbation and (iv) the whole catchment metal retention effect in floodplain and dredged material. Metal fluxes to the estuary have been decomposed into natural, urban domestic and other sources. The latter are within 1–2 orders of magnitude larger than waste water fluxes directly released into rivers according to an industrial census. These fluxes have been further compared to the annual use (1994–2003) of these metals. Metal excess fluxes exported by the river are now a marginal leak of metal inputs to the catchment (i.e. "raw" metals, metals in goods, atmospheric fallout), generally from 0.2 to 5‰. However, due to the very limited dilution power in this basin, the contamination of particles is still relatively high. The Seine River basin is gradually storing metals, mostly in manufactured products used in construction, but also in various waste dumps, industrial soils, agricultural and flood plain soils
Beam test of a small MICROMEGAS DHCAL prototype

International audienceA sampling hadronic calorimeter with gaps instrumented with thin MICROMEGAS chambers of small pad size and single bit readout is a candidate for an experiment at a future linear collider. Several MICROMEGAS chambers with 1 cm2 anode pads were fabricated using the Bulk technology. Some prototypes equipped with analog readout GASSIPLEX chips were developed for characterisation at the CERN/PS facility. A stack of four chambers and stainless steal absorber plates was used to assess the behaviour of MICROMEGAS in 2 GeV electron showers. Longitudinal and transverse shower profile are shown. The Bulk fabrication process was adapted to laminate a mesh on anode PCBs with front-end chips connected on the backside. It is well suited for the construction of a 1 m3 DHCAL-MICROMEGAS prototype as large and thin chambers can be made. Such chambers with digital readout chips (HARDROC or DIRAC) were fabricated and tested in a beam. First results are presented
Workaround Motivation Model (WAMM): An Adaptation of Theory of Interpersonal Behaviour

Part 2: Organizational Semiotics and ApplicationsInternational audienceThe study of workarounds (WA) has increased in importance due to their impact on patient safety and efficiency. However, there are no adequate theories to explain the motivation to create and use a workaround in a healthcare sitting. Although theories of technology acceptance help to understand the reasons to accept or reject technology, they fail to explain drivers for alternatives. Also workarounds involve creators and performers that have different motivations. Models such as Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) or Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) can help to explain the role of workaround users, but lack explanation of workaround creators’ dynamics. Our aim is to develop a theoretical foundation to explain workaround motivation behaviour models with norms that relate to sanctions to provide an integrated Workaround Motivation Model; WAMM. The development of WAMM model is explained in this paper based on workaround cases as part of further research to establish the model
With Exhaustible Resources, Can A Developing Country Escape From The Poverty Trap?

International audienceThis paper studies the optimal growth of a developing non-renewable natural resource producer. It extracts the resource from its soil, and produces a single consumption good with man-made capital. More- over, it can sell the extracted resource abroad and use the revenues to buy an imported good, which is a perfect substitute of the domes- tic consumption good. The domestic technology is convex-concave, so that the economy may be locked into a poverty trap. We show that the extent to which the country will escape from the poverty trap depends, besides the interactions between its technology and its impatience, on the characteristics of the resource revenue function, on the level of its initial stock of capital, and on the abundance of the natural resource
Innovation in the Shadow of Patent Litigation

The original publication is available at springerlink.com. We are grateful to the Publisher for authorizing preprint diffusion.International audienceWe analyze non-cooperative R&D investment by two firms that already hold patents that they can assert against each other with probabilistic success. The market structure results from stochastic innovation and patent litigation. Depending on the level of infringement fees, we highlight positive and negative effects of litigation threats on innovation. We define an appropriate regulatory structure of infringement fees that will implement socially efficient R&D investments in the case of symmetric and asymmetric patent portfolios
Explanation-Based Large Neighborhood Search

International audienceOne of the most well-known and widely used local search techniques for solving optimization problems in Constraint Programming is the Large Neigh-borhood Search (LNS) algorithm. Such a technique is, by nature, very flexible and can be easily integrated within standard backtracking procedures. One of its drawbacks is that the relaxation process is quite often problem dependent. Several works have been dedicated to overcome this issue through problem independent parameters. Nevertheless, such generic approaches need to be carefully parameter-ized at the instance level. In this paper, we demonstrate that the issue of finding a problem independent neighborhood generation technique for LNS can be addressed using explanation-based neighborhoods. An explanation is a subset of constraints and decisions which justifies a solver event such as a domain modification or a conflict. We evaluate our proposal for a set of optimization problems. We show that our approach is at least competitive with or even better than state-of-the-art algorithms and can be easily combined with state-of-the-art neighborhoods. Such results pave the way to a new use of explanation-based approaches for improving search
API2MoL: Automating the building of bridges between APIs and Model-Driven Engineering

International audienceContext: A software artefact typically makes its functionality available through a specialized Application Programming Interface (API) describing the set of services offered to client applications. In fact, building any software system usually involves managing a plethora of APIs, which complicates the development process. In Model-Driven Engineering (MDE), where models are the key elements of any software engineering activity, this API management should take place at the model level. Therefore, tools that facilitate the integration of APIs and MDE are clearly needed. Objective: Our goal is to automate the implementation of API-MDE bridges for supporting both the creation of models from API objects and the generation of such API objects from models. In this sense, this paper presents the API2MoL approach, which provides a declarative rule-based language to easily write mapping definitions to link API specifications and the metamodel that represents them. These definitions are then executed to convert API objects into model elements or vice versa. The approach also allows both the metamodel and the mapping to be automatically obtained from the API specification (bootstrap process). Method: After implementing the API2MoL engine, its correctness was validated using several APIs. Since APIs are normally large, we then developed a tool to implement the bootstrap process, which was also validated. Results: We provide a toolkit (language and bootstrap tool) for the creation of bridges between APIs and MDE. The current implementation focuses on Java APIs, although its adaptation to other statically typed object-oriented languages is straightforward. The correctness, expressiveness and completeness of the approach have been validated with the Swing, SWT and JTwitter APIs. Conclusion: API2MoL frees developers from having to manually implement the tasks of obtaining models from API objects and generating such objects from models. This helps to manage API models in MDE-based solutions
Mass predictions of exotic nuclei within a macro-microscopic model

International audienceDifferent Liquid Drop Model mass formulae have been studied. They include a Coulomb diffuseness correction Z2/A term and pairing and shell energies of the Thomas-Fermi model. The influence of the selected charge radius, the curvature energy and different forms of the Wigner term has been investigated. Their coefficients have been determined by a least square fitting procedure to 2027 experimental atomic masses. The different fits lead to a surface energy coefficient of 17-18 MeV. A large equivalent rms radius (r0 = 1.22 − 1.24 fm) or a shorter central radius may be used. A rms deviation of 0.54 MeV can be reached between the experimental and theoretical masses. The remaining differences come from the determination of the shell and pairing energies. Mass predictions are given for exotic nuclei
A comparative high-altitude meteorological analysis from three catchments in the Nepalese Himalaya

International audienceMeteorological studies in high-mountain environments form the basis of our understanding of catchment hydrology and glacier accumulation and melt processes, yet high-altitude (>4000 m above sea level, asl) observatories are rare. This research presents meteorological data recorded between December 2012 and November 2013 at seven stations in Nepal, ranging in elevation from 3860 to 5360 m asl. Seasonal and diurnal cycles in air temperature, vapour pressure, incoming short-wave and long-wave radiation, atmospheric transmissivity, wind speed, and precipitation are compared between sites. Solar radiation strongly affects diurnal temperature and vapour pressure cycles, but local topography and valley-scale circulations alter wind speed and precipitation cycles. The observed diurnal variability in vertical temperature gradients in all seasons highlights the importance of in situ measurements for melt modelling. The monsoon signal (progressive onset and sharp end) is visible in all data-sets, and the passage of the remnants of Typhoon Phailin in mid-October 2013 provides an interesting case study on the possible effects of such storms on glaciers in the region
Statistical model checking QoS properties of systems with SBIP

International audienceBIP is a component-based framework sup-porting rigorous design of embedded systems. BIP sup-ports incremental design of large systems from atomic components that communicates via connectors and whose interactions can be described with a powerful algebra. This paper presents SBIP, an extension of BIP for stochastic systems. SBIP offers the possibility to add stochastic information to atomic component's behaviors, and hence to the entire system. Atomic component's semantics in SBIP is described by Markov Chains. We show that the semantics of the entire system is described by a Markov chain, showing that the non-determinism arising from system interac-tions is automatically eliminated by BIP. This allows us to verify systems described in SBIP with Statistical Model Checking. This paper introduces SBIP and illustrates its usabil-ity on several industrial case studies
Assimilation of spatial distributed water levels into a shallow-water flood model. Part II: using a remote sensing image of Mosel river

International audienceWith rapid flood extent mapping capabilities, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images of river inundation prove to be very relevant to operational flood management. In this context, a recently developed method provides distributed water levels from SAR images. Furthermore, in view of improving numerical flood prediction, a variational data assimilation method (4D-var) using such distributed water level has been developed in Part I of this study. This method combines an optimal sense remote sensing data (distrib- uted water levels extracted from spatial images) and a 2D shallow water model. In the present article (Part II of the study), we also derive water levels with a ±40 cm average vertical uncertainty from a RADARSAT-1 image of a Mosel River flood event (1997, France). Assimilated in a 2D shallow water hydraulic model using the 4D-var developed method, these SAR derived spatially distributed water levels prove to be capable of enhancing model calibration. Indeed, the assimilation process can identify optimal Manning friction coefficients, at least in the river channel. Moreover, used as a guide for sensitivity anal- ysis, remote sensing water levels allow also identifying some areas in the floodplain and the channel where Manning friction coefficients are homogeneous. This allows basing the spatial segmentation of roughness coefficient on floodplain hydraulic functioning
A new approach for the design of hypersonic scramjet inlets

A new methodology has been developed for the design of hypersonic scramjet inlets using gas dynamic relations. The approach aims to find the optimal inlet geometry which has maximum total pressure recovery at a prescribed design free stream Mach number. The design criteria for inlet is chosen as shock-on-lip condition which ensures maximum capture area and minimum intake length. Designed inlet geometries are simulated using computational fluid dynamics analysis. The effects of 1D, 2D inviscid and viscouseffects on performance of scramjet inlet are reported here. A correction factor in inviscid design is reported for viscouseffects to obtain shock-on-lip condition. A parametric study is carried out for the effect of Mach number at the beginning of isolator for the design of scramjet inlets. Present results show that 2D and viscouseffects are significant on performance of scramjet inlet. Present simulation results are matching very well with the experimental results available from the literature
Diffusion models of multicomponent mixtures in the lung

International audienceIn this work, we are interested in two different diffusion models for multicomponent mixtures. We numerically recover experimental results underlining the inadequacy of the usual Fick diffusion model, and the importance of using the Maxwell-Stefan model in various situations. This model nonlinearly couples the mole fractions and the fluxes of each component of the mixture. We then consider a subregion of the lower part of the lung, in which we compare the two different models. We first recover the fact that the Fick model is enough to model usual air breathing. In the case of chronic obstructive bronchopneumopathies, a mixture of helium and oxygen is often used to improve a patient's situation. The Maxwell-Stefan model is then necessary to recover the experimental behaviour, and to observe the benefit for the patient, namely an oxygen peak