pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The 125th anniversary of the first postulation of the soil origin of endophytic bacteria – a tribute to M.L.V. Galippe \ud

In both managed and natural ecosystems, a wide range of\ud
various non-nodulating bacteria can thrive as endophytes\ud
in the plant interior, and some can be beneficial to their\ud
hosts (Hallmann and Berg 2007; Reinhold-Hurek and\ud
Hurek 2011). Colonizationmechanisms, the ecology and\ud
functioning of these endophytic bacteria as well as their\ud
interactions with plants have been investigated (Hardoim\ud
et al. 2008; Compant et al. 2010). Although the source of\ud
colonization can also be the spermosphere, anthosphere,\ud
caulosphere, and the phyllosphere,most endophytic bacteria\ud
are derived from the soil environment (Hallmann\ud
and Berg 2007; Compant et al. 2010)
Negativity Fonts, multiqubit invariants and Four qubit Maximally
  Entangled States

Recently, we introduced negativity fonts as the basic units of multipartite
entanglement in pure states. We show that the relation between global
negativity of partial transpose of N- qubit state and linear entropy of reduced
single qubit state yields an expression for global negativity in terms of
determinants of negativity fonts. Transformation equations for determinants of
negativity fonts under local unitaries (LU's) are useful to construct LU
invariants such as degree four and degree six invariants for four qubit states.
The difference of squared negativity and N-tangle is an N qubit invariant which
contains information on entanglement of the state caused by quantum coherences
that are not annihilated by removing a single qubit. Four qubit invariants that
detect the entanglement of specific parts in a four qubit state are expressed
in terms of three qubit subsystem invariants. Numerical values of invariants
bring out distinct features of several four qubit states which have been
proposed to be the maximally entangled four qubit states.Comment: 14 pages,02 Tables, Major revision of section on three tangles and
  Tables, Added References. In this version corrected typo
A Case Study of Semiotic  Distinctiveness in Brand Names

Brand names constitute a form of value for commercial products, because they suppose a savings of search costs for the consumer. The law, as a consequence, has the obligation to protect brand names. But the number of attractive brand names is not infinite and sometimes companies seek brand names which are reminiscent of others. In this article a conflict between two companies for the distinctiveness of two brand names is addressed: one Spanish company used the English common noun doughnut for a product similar to the American pastry, while the other company had already registered donut as a brand name, in addition to its variants. This second company sued the first on the grounds that the names were not distinctive. Here we offer the linguistic arguments presented to the judge in defense of the distinctiveness of doughnut and the judgmen
On the Temporal Variability of the ``Strahl'' and Its Relationship with Solar Wind Characteristics: STEREO SWEA Observations

International audienceThe “strahl” is a specific population of the solar wind, constituted by strongly field aligned electrons flowing away from the Sun, with energies >60 eV. Using the Solar Wind Electron Analyzer (SWEA) onboard STEREO, we investigate the short time scale fluctuations of this population. It is shown that its phase space density (PSD) at times presents fluctuations larger than 50% at scales of the order of minutes and less. The fluctuations are particularly strong for periods of a few tens of hours in high-speed streams, following the crossing of the corotating interaction region, when the strahl is also the most collimated in pitch angle. The amplitude of the fluctuations tends to decrease in conjunction with a broadening in pitch angle. Generally, the strongly fluctuating strahl is observed when the magnetic field is also highly perturbed. That SWEA is able to perform a very rapid 3D analysis at a given energy is essential since it can be demonstrated that the observed magnetic turbulence can only marginally perturb the PSD measurements
Quantization of the N=2 Supersymmetric KdV Hierarchy

We continue the study of the quantization of supersymmetric integrable KdV
hierarchies. We consider the N=2 KdV model based on the $sl^{(1)}(2|1)$ affine
algebra but with a new algebraic construction for the L-operator, different
from the standard Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction. We construct the quantum
monodromy matrix satisfying a special version of the reflection equation and
show that in the classical limit, this object gives the monodromy matrix of N=2
supersymmetric KdV system. We also show that at both the classical and the
quantum levels, the trace of the monodromy matrix (transfer matrix) is
invariant under two supersymmetry transformations and the zero mode of the
associated U(1) current.Comment: LaTeX2e, 12 page
Behavior Discovery and Alignment of Articulated Object Classes from
  Unstructured Video

We propose an automatic system for organizing the content of a collection of
unstructured videos of an articulated object class (e.g. tiger, horse). By
exploiting the recurring motion patterns of the class across videos, our
system: 1) identifies its characteristic behaviors; and 2) recovers
pixel-to-pixel alignments across different instances. Our system can be useful
for organizing video collections for indexing and retrieval. Moreover, it can
be a platform for learning the appearance or behaviors of object classes from
Internet video. Traditional supervised techniques cannot exploit this wealth of
data directly, as they require a large amount of time-consuming manual
annotations.
  The behavior discovery stage generates temporal video intervals, each
automatically trimmed to one instance of the discovered behavior, clustered by
type. It relies on our novel motion representation for articulated motion based
on the displacement of ordered pairs of trajectories (PoTs). The alignment
stage aligns hundreds of instances of the class to a great accuracy despite
considerable appearance variations (e.g. an adult tiger and a cub). It uses a
flexible Thin Plate Spline deformation model that can vary through time. We
carefully evaluate each step of our system on a new, fully annotated dataset.
On behavior discovery, we outperform the state-of-the-art Improved DTF
descriptor. On spatial alignment, we outperform the popular SIFT Flow
algorithm.Comment: 19 pages, 19 figure, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text
  overlap with arXiv:1411.788
Taxonomy, purification and chemical characterization of four bioactive compounds from new Streptomyces sp. TN256 strain \ud

A new actinomycete strain designated TN256, producing antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi, was isolated from a Tunisian Saharan soil. Morphological and chemical studies indicated that strain TN256 belonged to the genus Streptomyces. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence of strain TN256 showed a similarity level ranging between 99.79 and 97.8% within Streptomyces microflavus DSM 40331T and Streptomyces griseorubiginosus DSM 40469T respectively. The comparison of its physiological characteristics showed significant differences with the nearest species. Combined analysis of the 16 S rRNA gene sequences (FN687758), fatty acids profile, and results of physiological and biochemical tests indicated that there were genotypic and phenotypic differentiations of that isolate from other Streptomyces species neighbours. These date strongly suggest that strain TN256 represents a novel species with the type strain Streptomyces TN256 (=CTM50228T). Experimental validation by DNA–DNA hybridization would be required for conclusive confirmation. Four active products (1–4) were isolated from the culture broth of Streptomyces TN256 using various separation and purification steps and procedures. 1: N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2 oxo-ethyl] acetamide ‘alkaloid’ derivative; 2: di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, a phthalate derivative; 3: 1-Nonadecene and 4: Cyclo (l-Pro-l-Tyr) a diketopiperazine ‘DKP’ derivative. The chemical structure of these four active compounds was established on the basis of spectroscopic studies NMR and by comparing with data from the literature. According to our biological studies, we showed in this work that the pure compounds (1–4) possess antibacterial and antifungal activities. \u
NUMERICAL-EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF RESIDUAL STRESSES IN COLD-EXPANDED HOLES

Hole cold expansion is a technique widely\ud
used to improve the fatigue life of components with\ud
holes, e.g. bolted or riveted joints. As it has been demonstrated\ud
in literature by analytical, numerical and experimental\ud
analyses carried out by several authors, the\ud
compressive residual stresses introduced by the hole cold\ud
expansion have a beneficial influence on both the static\ud
and the fatigue strength of the treated component, because\ud
they reduce significantly the typical stress peaks\ud
around the hole due to stress concentration. In the literature,\ud
various analyses of the residual stresses introduced\ud
by the hole cold expansion have been performed by\ud
using several methods such as X-ray diffraction, neutron\ud
diffraction and the modified Sachs method. Unfortunately,\ud
all these method are affected by some limitations: low\ud
measurement depth (X-ray method), complex measurement\ud
procedure (neutron diffraction method) and approximate\ud
formulation (Sachs method). In order to overcome\ud
such drawbacks, in this study a new mechanical method,\ud
based on an innovative extension of the “rectilinear\ud
groove method” associated with the classical “integral\ud
method” calculation procedure, is proposed. Experimental\ud
assessment of the proposed method has been performed\ud
by using aluminum 5083 H321 specimens with holes\ud
subjected to various levels of cold expansion
Rosenthal's inequalities for independent and negatively dependent random
  variables under sub-linear expectations with applications

Classical Kolmogorov's and Rosenthal's inequalities for the maximum partial
sums of random variables are basic tools for studying the strong laws of large
numbers. In this paper, motived by the notion of independent and identically
distributed random variables under the sub-linear expectation initiated by Peng
(2006, 2008b), we introduce the concept of negative dependence of random
variables and establish Kolmogorov's and Rosenthal's inequalities for the
maximum partial sums of negatively dependent random variables under the
sub-linear expectations. As an application, we show that Kolmogorov's strong
law of larger numbers holds for independent and identically distributed under a
continuous sub-linear expectation if and only if the corresponding Choquet
integral is finite.Comment: 20 page
A Mathematical Framework for Agent Based Models of Complex Biological
  Networks

Agent-based modeling and simulation is a useful method to study biological
phenomena in a wide range of fields, from molecular biology to ecology. Since
there is currently no agreed-upon standard way to specify such models it is not
always easy to use published models. Also, since model descriptions are not
usually given in mathematical terms, it is difficult to bring mathematical
analysis tools to bear, so that models are typically studied through
simulation. In order to address this issue, Grimm et al. proposed a protocol
for model specification, the so-called ODD protocol, which provides a standard
way to describe models. This paper proposes an addition to the ODD protocol
which allows the description of an agent-based model as a dynamical system,
which provides access to computational and theoretical tools for its analysis.
The mathematical framework is that of algebraic models, that is, time-discrete
dynamical systems with algebraic structure. It is shown by way of several
examples how this mathematical specification can help with model analysis.Comment: To appear in Bulletin of Mathematical Biolog
Existence, uniqueness and a priori estimates for a non linear
  integro-differential equation

The paper deals with the explicit calculus and the properties of the
fundamental solution K of a parabolic operator related to a semilinear equation
that models reaction diffusion systems with excitable kinetics. The initial
value problem in all of the space is analyzed together with continuous
dependence and a priori estimates of the solution. These estimates show that
the asymptotic behavior is determined by the reaction mechanism. Moreover it's
possible a rigorous singular perturbation analysis for discussing travelling
waves with their characteristic times
A MILP model for an extended version of the Flexible Job Shop Problem

A MILP model for an extended version of the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling
problem is proposed. The extension allows the precedences between operations of
a job to be given by an arbitrary directed acyclic graph rather than a linear
order. The goal is the minimization of the makespan. Theoretical and practical
advantages of the proposed model are discussed. Numerical experiments show the
performance of a commercial exact solver when applied to the proposed model.
The new model is also compared with a simple extension of the model described
by \"Ozg\"uven, \"Ozbakir, and Yavuz (Mathematical models for job-shop
scheduling problems with routing and process plan flexibility, Applied
Mathematical Modelling, 34:1539--1548, 2010), using instances from the
literature and instances inspired by real data from the printing industry.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. Optimization Letters, 201
Analysis and prevention of dent defects formed during strip casting of twin-induced plasticity steels

Rapid-solidification experiments were conducted for understanding dent defects formed during strip casting of twin-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels. The rapid-solidification experiments reproduced the dent defects formed on these steels, which were generally located at valleys of the shot-blasted roughness on the substrate. The rapid-solidification experiment results reveal that the number of dips, the Mn content of the steel, and the surface roughness of the substrate affect the depth and size of dents formed on the solidified-shell surfaces, while the composition of the atmosphere gases and the carbon content of the steel are not factors. The formation of dents was attributed to the entrapment of gases inside the roughness valleys of the substrate surface and their volume expansion due to the temperature of the steel melt and the latent heat. The dents could be prevented when the thermal expansion of gases was suppressed by making longitudinal grooves on the substrate surface, which allowed the entrapped gases to escape. Sound solidified shells were obtained by optimizing the width and depth of the longitudinal grooves and by controlling the shot-blasting conditions.ope
Effects of Alloying Elements on High-Temperature Oxidation and Sticking Occurring During Hot Rolling of Modified Ferritic STS430J1L Stainless Steels

In the present study, mechanisms of sticking that occurs during hot rolling of modified STS430J1L ferritic stainless steels were investigated by using a pilot-plant-scale rolling machine, and the effects of alloying elements on sticking were analyzed by the high-temperature oxidation behavior. The hot-rolling test results indicated that the Cr oxide layer formed in a heating furnace was broken off and infiltrated the steel, thereby forming Cr oxides on the rolled steel surface. Because the surface region without oxides underwent a reduction in hardness rather than the surface region with oxides, the thickness of the surface oxide layer favorably affected the resistance to sticking. The addition of Zr, Cu, and Ni to the ferritic stainless steels worked in favor of the decreased sticking, but the Si addition negatively affected the resistance to sticking. In the Si-rich steel, Si oxides were continuously formed along the interfacial area between the Cr oxide layer and the base steel, and interrupted the formation and growth of the Cr oxide layer. Because the Si addition played a role in increasing sticking, the reduction in Si content was desirable for preventing sticking.In the present study, mechanisms of sticking that occurs during hot rolling of modified STS430J1L ferritic stainless steels were investigated by using a pilot-plant-scale rolling machine, and the effects of alloying elements on sticking were analyzed by the high-temperature oxidation behavior. The hot-rolling test results indicated that the Cr oxide layer formed in a heating furnace was broken off and infiltrated the steel, thereby forming Cr oxides on the rolled steel surface. Because the surface region without oxides underwent a reduction in hardness rather than the surface region with oxides, the thickness of the surface oxide layer favorably affected the resistance to sticking. The addition of Zr, Cu, and Ni to the ferritic stainless steels worked in favor of the decreased sticking, but the Si addition negatively affected the resistance to sticking. In the Si-rich steel, Si oxides were continuously formed along the interfacial area between the Cr oxide layer and the base steel, and interrupted the formation and growth of the Cr oxide layer. Because the Si addition played a role in increasing sticking, the reduction in Si content was desirable for preventing sticking.X1
Effects of Particle Sizes on Sintering Behavior of 316L Stainless Steel Powder

In rapidly evolving powder injection molding technology, the wide prevalence of various microstructures demands the powders of smaller particle sizes. The effects of particle size on the sintering behavior are critical to not only shape retention of microstructure but also its mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of three different particle sizes on the sintering behavior of the 316L stainless steel (STS316L) samples, prepared by powder injection molding, via the dilatometry experiments. For this purpose, the STS316L powders of three different mean particle sizes, i.e., 2.97, 4.16, and 8.04 mu m, were produced for STS316L. The samples for the dilatometry test were prepared through powder-binder mixing, injection molding, and solvent and thermal debinding. Dilatometry experiments were carried out with the samples in a H-2 atmosphere at three different heating rates of 3, 6, and 10 K/min. The shrinkage data obtained by dilatometry experiments was collected and analyzed to help understand the densification and the sintering behaviors in terms of particles size and heating rate. The master sintering curve (MSC) model was used to quantify the effects of particle sizes. In addition, we investigated the microstructure evolutions in terms of particles sizes.In rapidly evolving powder injection molding technology, the wide prevalence of various microstructures demands the powders of smaller particle sizes. The effects of particle size on the sintering behavior are critical to not only shape retention of microstructure but also its mechanical properties. This study investigates the effects of three different particle sizes on the sintering behavior of the 316L stainless steel (STS316L) samples, prepared by powder injection molding, via the dilatometry experiments. For this purpose, the STS316L powders of three different mean particle sizes, i.e., 2.97, 4.16, and 8.04 mu m, were produced for STS316L. The samples for the dilatometry test were prepared through powder-binder mixing, injection molding, and solvent and thermal debinding. Dilatometry experiments were carried out with the samples in a H-2 atmosphere at three different heating rates of 3, 6, and 10 K/min. The shrinkage data obtained by dilatometry experiments was collected and analyzed to help understand the densification and the sintering behaviors in terms of particles size and heating rate. The master sintering curve (MSC) model was used to quantify the effects of particle sizes. In addition, we investigated the microstructure evolutions in terms of particles sizes.open18
Serration phenomena occurring during tensile tests of three high-manganese TWinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels

In this study, the serration phenomena of two high-Mn TWIP steels and an Al-added TWIP steel were examined by tensile tests, and were explained by the microstructural evolution including formation of localized Portevin-Le Chatelier deformation bands and twins. In stress-strain curves of the high-Mn steels, serrations started in a fine and short shape, and their height and periodic interval increased with increasing strain, whereas the Al-added steel did not show any serrations. According to digital images of strain rate and strain obtained from a vision strain gage system, deformation bands were initially formed at the upper region of the gage section, and moved downward along the tensile loading direction. The time when the band formation started was matched with the time when one serration occurred in the stress-time curve. This serration behavior was generally explained by dynamic strain aging, which was closely related with the formation of deformation bands. (C) The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society and ASM International 2013ope
Finite element and experimental analyses of closure and contact bonding of pores during hot rolling of steel

The closure and contact bonding behavior of internal pores in steel slabs during hot rolling was studied using experiments and the finite element method (FEM). Effects of pore size and shape were investigated, and three different cases of pore closure results were observed: no closure, partial closure, and full closure. The FEM results well reproduced various closure events. Bonding strengths of unsuccessfully closed pores, measured by tensile tests, showed critical effects. Also, there was a difference in bonding strengths of several fully closed pores. Fracture surfaces showed that welded regions could be divided into three (not, partially, and perfectly) welded regions. The pressure-time curves obtained from the FEM results indicate that pore surface contact time and deformed surface length are important parameters in pore welding. Pore size, pore shape, time of pressure contact, and deformed surface length should be considered to completely eliminate pores in final products.ope
Correlation between microstructure and mechanical properties before and after reversion of metastable austenitic stainless steels

Reversion treatments are a way to improve the mechanical response of metastable austenitic\ud
stainless steels by means of grain refinement. To effectively apply those treatments, the steel\ud
must be previously deformed to induce a significant amount of martensitic transformation. In\ud
this work, the effect of reversion treatments was studied on a commercial AISI 301LN grade\ud
subjected to an industrial cold rolling process, with thickness reductions not higher than 40 pct.\ud
Microstructural changes and evolution of both monotonic and cyclic mechanical properties\ud
were investigated after cold rolling and upon reversion treatments. Results revealed that the\ud
finer austenitic microstructure obtained after reversion leads to an interesting combination of\ud
properties, with strong increments in hardness and yield strength, and also fatigue limit\ud
improvement, as compared to the initial annealed condition.Postprint (author's final draft