pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The need for an early anti-neutrino run of NO ν A

The moderately large value of θ 13 , measured recently by reactor experiments, is very welcome news for the future neutrino experiments. In particular, the NO ν A experiment, with 3 years each of ν and v ¯ $$ \overline{v} $$ runs, will be able to determine the mass hierarchy if one of the following two favourable combinations is true: normal hierarchy with −180° ≤ δ CP ≤ 0 or inverted hierarchy with 0 ≤ δ CP ≤ 180°. In this report, we study the hierarchy reach of the first 3 years of NO ν A data. Since sin 2 2 θ 23 is measured to be non-maximal, θ 23 can be either in the lower or higher octant. Pure ν data is affected by θ 13 -hierarchy and octant-hierarchy degeneracies, which limit the hierarchy sensitivity of such data. A combination of ν and v ¯ $$ \overline{v} $$ data is not subject to these degeneracies and hence has much better hierarchy discrimination capability. We find that, with a 3 year ν run, hierarchy determination is possible for only two of the four octant-hierarchy combinations. Equal 1.5 year runs in ν and v ¯ $$ \overline{v} $$ modes give good hierarchy sensitivity for all the four combinations
Higher S -dualities and Shephard-Todd groups

Seiberg and Witten have shown that in N = 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ SQCD with N f = 2 N c = 4 the S -duality group P S L 2 ℤ $$ \mathrm{P}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{L}\left(2,\mathrm{\mathbb{Z}}\right) $$ acts on the flavor charges, which are weights of Spin(8), by triality. There are other N = 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=2 $$ SCFTs in which SU(2) SYM is coupled to strongly-interacting non-Lagrangian matter: their matter charges are weights of E 6 , E 7 and E 8 instead of Spin(8). The S -duality group P S L 2 ℤ $$ \mathrm{P}\mathrm{S}\mathrm{L}\left(2,\mathrm{\mathbb{Z}}\right) $$ acts on these weights: what replaces Spin(8) triality for the E 6 , E 7 , E 8 root lattices
Serum and CSF microRNAs in paediatric malignant GCTs

BACKGROUND: The current biomarkers alpha fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotropin have limited sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing malignant germ cell tumours (GCTs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) from the miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 clusters are over-expressed in all malignant GCTs and some of these miRNAs show elevated serum levels at diagnosis. Here, we developed a robust technical pipeline to quantify these miRNAs in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The pipeline was used in samples from a cohort of exclusively paediatric patients with gonadal and extragonadal malignant GCTs, compared with appropriate tumour and non-tumour control groups. 

METHODS: We developed a method for miRNA quantification that enabled sample adequacy assessment and reliable data normalisation. We performed qRT-PCR profiling for miR-371~373 and miR-302/367 cluster miRNAs in a total of 45 serum and CSF samples, obtained from 25 paediatric patients. 

RESULTS: The exogenous non-human spike-in cel-miR-39-3p and the endogenous housekeeper miR- 30b-5p were optimal for obtaining robust serum and CSF qRT-PCR quantification. A four serum miRNA panel (miR-371a-3p, miR-372-3p, miR-373-3p and miR-367-3p): i) showed high sensitivity/specificity for diagnosing paediatric extracranial malignant GCT; ii) allowed early detection of relapse of a testicular mixed malignant GCT; iii) distinguished intracranial malignant GCT from intracranial non-GCT tumours at diagnosis, using CSF and serum samples. 

CONCLUSIONS: The pipeline we have developed is robust, scalable and transferable. It potentially promises to improve clinical management of paediatric (and adult) malignant GCTs.Grant funding was from CwCUK/GOSHCC (M.J. Murray, K.L. Raby, J.C. Nicholson, N. Coleman), SPARKS (M.J. Murray, J.C. Nicholson, N. Coleman), AstraZeneca (E. Bell, H. Brown and B. Destenaves), CRUK (N. Coleman), MRC (M.J. Murray) and an Erasmus MC MRACE grant (M.A. Rijlaarsdam). The authors also thank the Max Williamson Fund and The Perse Preparatory School, Cambridge for supporting this study.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from NPG via http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2015.42
Search for squarks and gluinos with the ATLAS detector in final states with jets and missing transverse momentum using root s=8 TeV proton-proton collision data

A search for squarks and gluinos in final states containing high-pT jets, missing transverse momentum and no electrons or muons is presented. The data were recorded in 2012 by the ATLAS experiment in root s = 8 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, with a total integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb(-1). Results are interpreted in a variety of simplified and specific supersymmetry-breaking models assuming that R-parity is conserved and that the lightest neutralino is the lightest supersymmetric particle. An exclusion limit at the 95% confidence level on the mass of the gluino is set at 1330 GeV for a simplified model incorporating only a gluino and the lightest neutralino. For a simplified model involving the strong production of first- and second-generation squarks, squark masses below 850 GeV (440 GeV) are excluded for a massless lightest neutralino, assuming mass degenerate ( single light-flavour) squarks. In mSUGRA/CMSSM models with tan beta = 30, A(0) = -2m(0) and mu &gt; 0, squarks and gluinos of equal mass are excluded for masses below 1700 GeV. Additional limits are set for non-universal Higgs mass models with gaugino mediation and for simplified models involving the pair production of gluinos, each decaying to a top squark and a top quark, with the top squark decaying to a charm quark and a neutralino. These limits extend the region of supersymmetric parameter space excluded by previous searches with the ATLAS detector.<p>ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP09(2014)176</p
Geopropolis from Melipona scutellaris decreases the mechanical inflammatory hypernociception by inhibiting the production of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The pharmacological activity of geopropolis collected by stingless bees (important and threatened pollinators), a product widely used in folk medicine by several communities in Brazil, especially in the Northeast Region, needs to be studied. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the antinociceptive activity of Melipona scutellaris geopropolis (stingless bee) using different models of nociception. Material and methods: The antinociceptive activity of the ethanolic extract of geopropolis (EEGP) and fractions was evaluated using writhing induced by acetic acid, formalin test, carrageenan-induced hypernociception, and quantification of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. The chemical composition was assessed by quantification of total flavonoids and phenolic compounds. Results: EEGP and its hexane and aqueous fractions showed antinociceptive activity. Both EEGP and its aqueous fraction presented activity in the mechanical inflammatory hypernociception induced by the carrageenan model, an effect mediated by the inhibition of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha. The chemical composition of EEGP and its hexane and aqueous fractions showed a significant presence of phenolic compounds and absence of flavonoids. Conclusion: Our data indicate that geopropolis is a natural source of bioactive substances with promising antinociceptive activity. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.FAPESP [2009/12352-3, 2010/20214-7
The 234U neutron capture cross section measurement at the n TOF facility

The neutron capture cross-section of 234U has been measured for energies from thermal up to the keV\ud
region in the neutron time-of-flight facility n TOF, based on a spallation source located at CERN. A 4π BaF2 array\ud
composed of 40 crystals, placed at a distance of 184.9 m from the neutron source, was employed as a total absorption\ud
calorimeter (TAC) for detection of the prompt γ-ray cascade from capture events in the sample. This text describes the\ud
experimental setup, all necessary steps followed during the data analysis procedure. Results are presented in the form\ud
of R-matrix resonance parameters from fits with the SAMMY code and compared to the evaluated data of ENDF in\ud
the relevant energy region, indicating the good performance of the n TOF facility and the TAC.Postprint (published version
Extensions in Jacobian Algebras and Cluster Categories of Marked Surfaces

Generalized the results to include self-extensions, Added a new section containing an example, New abstract, Added a new result on snake graphs, Minor corrections, 31 pages, 14 figures. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary: 13F60, 16P10, 18G15, 18E30In the context of representation theory of finite dimensional algebras, string algebras have been extensively studied and almost all aspects of their representation theory are well-understood. One exception to this is the classification of extensions between indecomposable modules. In this paper we explicitly describe such extensions for a class of string algebras, namely gentle algebras associated to surface triangulations. These algebras arise as Jacobian algebras of unpunctured surfaces. We give bases of their extension spaces and show that the dimensions of these extension spaces are given in terms of crossing arcs in the surface. Our approach is new and consists of interpreting snake graphs as indecomposable modules. To give a complete answer, we need to work in the associated cluster category where we explicitly calculate the middle terms of extensions and give a basis of the extension space. We note that not all extensions in the cluster category give rise to extensions for the Jacobian algebra.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, grant\ud
 number EP/K026364/1Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Abnormal IgD and IgA1 O-glycosylation in hyperimmunoglobulinaemia D and periodic fever syndrome

In order to determine the glycosylation pattern for IgD, and to examine whether there are changes in the pattern of IgD and IgA1 O-glycosylation in patients with hyperimmunoglobulinaemia D and periodic fever syndrome (HIDS) during acute febrile attacks and during periods of quiescence, serum was obtained from 20 patients with HIDS and 20 control subjects. In the HIDS group, serum was obtained either during an acute febrile episode (n = 9) or during a period of quiescence (n = 11). The O-glycosylation profiles of native and desialylated IgA1 and IgD were measured in an ELISA-type system using the lectins Helix aspersa and peanut agglutinin, which bind to alternative forms of O-glycan moieties. IgD is more heavily O-galactosylated and less O-sialylated than IgA1 in healthy subjects. HIDS is associated with more extensive O-galactosylation of IgD and a reduction in O-sialylation of both IgD and IgA1. These changes are present both during acute febrile attacks and periods of quiescence. The T cell IgD receptor is a lectin with binding affinity for the O-glycans of both IgD and IgA1. The observed changes in IgD and IgA1 O-glycosylation are likely to have a significant effect on IgD/IgA1-T cell IgD receptor interactions including basal immunoglobulin synthesis, and possibly myeloid IgD receptor-mediated cytokine release.Peer-reviewedPublisher Version1515
Biological clustering supports both "Dutch" and "British" hypotheses of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are heterogeneous diseases. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine, in terms of their sputum cellular and mediator profiles, the extent to which they represent distinct or overlapping conditions supporting either the "British" or "Dutch" hypotheses of airway disease pathogenesis. METHODS: We compared the clinical and physiological characteristics and sputum mediators between 86 subjects with severe asthma and 75 with moderate-to-severe COPD. Biological subgroups were determined using factor and cluster analyses on 18 sputum cytokines. The subgroups were validated on independent severe asthma (n = 166) and COPD (n = 58) cohorts. Two techniques were used to assign the validation subjects to subgroups: linear discriminant analysis, or the best identified discriminator (single cytokine) in combination with subject disease status (asthma or COPD). RESULTS: Discriminant analysis distinguished severe asthma from COPD completely using a combination of clinical and biological variables. Factor and cluster analyses of the sputum cytokine profiles revealed 3 biological clusters: cluster 1: asthma predominant, eosinophilic, high TH2 cytokines; cluster 2: asthma and COPD overlap, neutrophilic; cluster 3: COPD predominant, mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic. Validation subjects were classified into 3 subgroups using discriminant analysis, or disease status with a binary assessment of sputum IL-1β expression. Sputum cellular and cytokine profiles of the validation subgroups were similar to the subgroups from the test study. CONCLUSIONS: Sputum cytokine profiling can determine distinct and overlapping groups of subjects with asthma and COPD, supporting both the British and Dutch hypotheses. These findings may contribute to improved patient classification to enable stratified medicine.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Quantifying human sensitivity to spatio-temporal information in dynamic faces.

A great deal of perceptual and social information is conveyed by facial motion. Here, we investigated observers’ sensitivity to the complex spatio-temporal information in facial expressions and what cues they use to judge the similarity of these movements. We motion-captured four facial expressions and decomposed them into time courses of semantically meaningful local facial actions (e.g., eyebrow raise). We then generated approximations of the time courses which differed in the amount of information about the natural facial motion they contained, and used these and the original time courses to animate an avatar head. Observers chose which of two animations based on approximations was more similar to the animation based on the original time course. We found that observers preferred animations containing more information about the natural facial motion dynamics. To explain observers’ similarity judgments, we developed and used several measures of objective stimulus similarity. The time course of facial actions (e.g., onset and peak of eyebrow raise) explained observers’ behavioral choices better than image-based measures (e.g., optic flow). Our results thus revealed observers’ sensitivity to changes of natural facial dynamics. Importantly, our method allows a quantitative explanation of the perceived similarity of dynamic facial expressions, which suggests that sparse but meaningful spatio-temporal cues are used to process facial motion
Hydrodynamic regimes of spinning black D3-branes.

We present the long-wavelength effective description of non-extremal spinning black D3-branes in flat space. Our setup is motivated by recent explorations of low energy dynamics on black brane world-volumes within the blackfold approach and its connections to the fluid/gravity correspondence. The spinning D3-branes with a rigid radial Dirichlet cut-off give rise to an effective field theory. This theory describes a charged plasma which is driven by external forces, given by one vector and two scalar operators. Furthermore, the flavour charge of this plasma is anomalous, allowing us to examine features of anomaly-induced transport in the blackfold context. We calculate the hydrodynamic transport coefficients to first order and show that in the near-horizon limit, they reproduce the conformal charged fluid dynamics of TeX Super Yang-Mills theory. More generally the system interpolates smoothly between the blackfold, fluid/gravity, and Rindler fluid dynamics
Simulation of high precision process control for set-up dominant processes.

The main focus of this paper is to use discrete-event simulation models, to test the robustness of two process control methods against processes with different statistical distributions. The two methods under scrutiny are the Small-Batch Full-size image (3 K) & R chart and the Set-Up Process Algorithm (SUPA). These have been developed for ‘setup dominant processes’, were the major source of product variation is detected between batches. Minimizing this type of variation is critical to ensure spare parts produced at a later date will fit in operating assemblies, maintaining a Through-life Engineering Service. This paper shows their suitability to industry
Fall-off of eigenfunctions for non-local Schrödinger operators with decaying potentials

The final publication is available at link.springer.com via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11118-016-9597-3. An ArXiv pre-print is available online at: http://arxiv.org/abs/1503.03508v2We study the spatial decay of eigenfunctions of non-local Schrodinger operators based on generators of symmetric jump-paring Levy processes with Kato-class potentials decaying at infinity. This class of processes has the property that the intensity of single large jumps dominates the intensity of all multiple large jumps. We find that the decay rates of eigenfunctions depend on the process via specific preference rates in particular jump scenarios, and depend on the potential through the distance of the corresponding eigenvalue from the edge of the continuous spectrum. We prove that the conditions of the jump-paring class imply that for all eigenvalues the corresponding positive eigenfunctions decay at most as rapidly as the Levy intensity. This condition is sharp in the sense that if the jump-paring property fails to hold, then eigenfunction decay becomes slower than the decay of the Levy intensity. We furthermore prove that under reasonable conditions the Levy intensity also governs the upper bounds of eigenfunctions, and a ground state is comparable to it by two-sided bounds. As an interesting consequence, we identify a sharp regime change in the decay of eigenfunctions as the Levy intensity is varied from sub-exponential to exponential order, and dependent on the location of the eigenvalue, in the sense that through the transition Levy intensity-driven decay becomes slower than the rate of Levy intensity. Our approach is based on path integration and probabilistic potential theory techniques, and all results are also illustrated by specific examples
Validating the learning outcomes of an e-learning system using NLP

Despite the development and the wide use of E-Learning,\ud
developing an adaptive personalised E-Learning system tailored to the\ud
needs of individual learners remains a challenge. In an early work, the\ud
authors proposed APELS that extracts freely available resources on\ud
the web using an ontology to model the leaning topics and optimise\ud
the information extraction process. APELS takes into consideration the\ud
leaner’s needs and background. In this paper, we developed an approach\ud
to evaluate the topics’ content extracted previously by APELS against a\ud
set of learning outcomes as defined by standard curricula. Our validation\ud
approach is based on finding patterns in part of speech and grammatical\ud
dependencies using the Stanford English Parser. As a case study, we use\ud
the computer science field with the IEEE/ACM Computing curriculum\ud
as the standard curriculum
Probing Compositeness with the CMS $eejj$ & $eej$ Data

Quark-lepton compositeness is a well-known beyond the Standard Model (SM)
scenario with heavy exotic particles like leptoquarks (LQs) and leptogluons
(LGs) etc. These particles can couple to leptons and jets simultaneously. In
this letter, we use the recent CMS scalar LQ search data in the $eejj$ and
$eej$ channels to probe this scenario. We recast the data in terms of a color
octet partner of the SM electron (or a first generation spin-1/2 LG) that
couples to an electron and a gluon via a dimension five operator suppressed by
the quark-lepton compositeness scale ($\Lambda$). By combining different
production processes of the color octet electron ($e_8$) at the LHC, we use the
CMS 8TeV data to obtain a simultaneous bound on $\Lambda$ and the mass of the
$e_8$ ($M_{e_8}$). We also study the reach of the 13 TeV LHC to discover the
$e_8$ and interpret the required luminosity in terms of $M_{e_8}$ and
$\Lambda$.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Minor changes, typos fixed. Matches
  with the published versio
Ferromagnetic resonance and magnetic damping in C-doped Mn5Ge3

Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) was used to investigate the static and dynamic
magnetic properties of carbon-doped Mn5Ge3 (C$_{0.1}$ and C$_{0.2}$) thin films
grown on Ge(111). The temperature dependence of magnetic anisotropy shows an
increased perpendicular magneto-crystalline contribution at 80K with an
in-plane easy axis due to the large shape contribution. We find that our
samples show a small FMR linewidth (corresponding to an intrinsic magnetic
damping parameter $\alpha$=0.005), which is a measure of the spin relaxation
and directly related with the magnetic and structural quality of the material.
In the perpendicular-to-plane geometry, the FMR linewidth shows a minimum at
around 200K for all the samples, which seems to be not correlated to the
C-doping. The magnetic relaxation parameters have been determined and indicate
the two-magnon scattering as the main extrinsic contribution. We observe a
change in the main contribution from scattering centres in Mn5Ge3C0.2 at low
temperatures, which could be related to the minimum in linewidth
Incentives for the conservation of traditional settlements: residents’ perception in Ainokura and Kawagoe, Japan

This study emerged from the author(s)’ experience in conducting a survey with the
residents in Ainokura Village at the Toyama Prefecture and the Kawagoe in
the Saitama Prefecture, Japan. With the comprehensive legislations bound into the
cultural heritage’s sophisticated systems, Japan is often regarded as one of the leading
countries in promoting cultural heritage protection despite the tendency for
westernization and modernization influences prevalent after World War II. At present,
the establishment of the Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties in Japan has
increased public awareness for the conservation of the cultural heritage including
tangible and intangible heritage. This research intends to look at the perceptions of
the residents on the implementation of the cultural heritage conservation and
incentives programme in those two traditional settlements. By using questionnaires
and interviews involving the residents in the two areas, this study has employed the
quantitative and qualitative approach in order to gather factual data. This research is
conducted in order to address the overarching question of whether the incentive
programmes that have been created for the community have been found to be suitable
for the fulfilment of their aspirations and real needs