pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
ImageSieve: Exploratory search of museum archives with named entity-based faceted browsing

Over the last few years, faceted search emerged as an attractive alternative to the traditional "text box" search and has become one of the standard ways of interaction on many e-commerce sites. However, these applications of faceted search are limited to domains where the objects of interests have already been classified along several independent dimensions, such as price, year, or brand. While automatic approaches to generate faceted search interfaces were proposed, it is not yet clear to what extent the automatically-produced interfaces will be useful to real users, and whether their quality can match or surpass their manually-produced predecessors. The goal of this paper is to introduce an exploratory search interface called ImageSieve, which shares many features with traditional faceted browsing, but can function without the use of traditional faceted metadata. ImageSieve uses automatically extracted and classified named entities, which play important roles in many domains (such as news collections, image archives, etc.). We describe one specific application of ImageSieve for image search. Here, named entities extracted from the descriptions of the retrieved images are used to organize a faceted browsing interface, which then helps users to make sense of and further explore the retrieved images. The results of a user study of ImageSieve demonstrate that a faceted search system based on named entities can help users explore large collections and find relevant information more effectively
Extending the reach of our collective cultural heritage: The IMLS DCC Flickr Feasibility Study

The Flickr Feasibility Study investigated the roles and processes required for a digital collection aggregator to facilitate participation of cultural heritage institutions in Web 2.0 communities. The results demonstrate that providing this service for museums, libraries, and archives can be a natural extension of aggregation activities. While the role is complicated by the varying requirements of different kinds of institutions, analysis of user interactions can guide both collection development and building of communities of interest around cultural heritage collections.IMLS LG-06-07-0020published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe
Value and Context in Data Use: Domain Analysis Revisited

“Context” is an elusive concept in Information Science – often invoked, and yet rarely explained. In this paper we take a domain analytic approach to examine five sub-disciplines within Earth Systems Science to show how the context of data production and use often impacts the value of data. We argue simply that the value of research data increases with their use. Our analysis is informed by two economic perspectives: first, that data production needs to be situated within a broader information economy; and second, that the concept of anti-fragility helps explain how data increase in value through exposure to diverse contexts of use. We discuss the importance of these perspectives for the development of information systems capable of facilitating interdisciplinary scientific work, as well as the design of sustainable cyberinfrastructures.published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe
Identifying Content and Levels of Representation in Scientific Data

Heterogeneous digital data that has been produced by different communities with varying practices and assumptions, and that is organized according to different representation schemes, encodings, and file formats, presents substantial obstacles to efficient integration, analysis, and preservation. This is a particular impediment to data reuse and interdisciplinary science. An underlying problem is that we have no shared formal conceptual model of information representation that is both accurate and sufficiently detailed to accommodate the management and analysis of real world digital data in varying formats. Developing such a model involves confronting extremely challenging foundational problems in information science. We present two complementary conceptual models for data representation, the Basic Representation Model and the Systematic Assertion Model. We show how these models work together to provide an analytical account of digitally encoded scientific data. These models will provide a better foundation for understanding and supporting a wide range of data curation activities, including format migration, data integration, data reuse, digital preservation strategies, and assessment of identity and scientific equivalence.NSF OCI/ITR DataNet 0830976published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe
Research know-how for research support services: Preparing information specialists for emerging roles

The panel will discuss the importance of understanding the research environment for providing effective information and technology support to researchers, and the implications for curricula in professional education. Our specific context is growing involvement of academic libraries and information services in managing research data, but the issues raised have wider implications for educating and developing other information specialists (e.g., in research institutes, government agencies, public libraries). Studies in the past five years have identified technical and disciplinerelated skills and knowledge gaps as potential constraints on developing library research data services. Our recent research in Australia, New Zealand, the UK, and Ireland confirmed the need for data curation and technology skills, but also found practitioners engaging in other forms of research support, and expressing needs for a multilayered introduction to the research environment, extending beyond the research skills typically gained in masters programs, including subjects such as academic culture and practice, and research policy and evaluation. The panelists represent a mix of academic and practitioner viewpoints from different countries. They will each offer their views on what is missing and should be added to graduate curricula, and how programs can make space, asking the audience to respond with their own suggestions, counter-arguments, and alternative visions, using an interactive style from the start
The effect of scoring and feedback mechanisms in an online educational game

A research and development (R&D) team designed and developed the BiblioBouts online information literacy game to give undergraduate students opportunities to learn and practice information literacy skills using online library research tools and scholarly databases while they work on a research‐and‐writing assignment. To evaluate the alpha version of BiblioBouts, the R&D team analyzed game‐play logs from two undergraduate classes and invited students who played the game in class to participate in focus group interviews. The resulting insights into the impact of scoring and game feedback on student game play were used to help instructors plan for game play in their classes and to help the R&D team improve BiblioBouts. These results also spawned game premises to guide the R&D team and other designers of educational games build better games
Health information behavior in families: Supportive or irritating?

We report preliminary results of a mixed methods study of relationships between family‐based information behavior and social support in chronic illness. Twenty‐four participants (12 people with HIV/AIDS (PHAs) and 12 people with diabetes) completed surveys, visualized their family‐based social support networks, and participated in in‐depth, qualitative interviews. Findings revealed that our sample of people with diabetes had significantly larger family support networks than did PHAs. These differences seem linked to greater interpersonal constraints in talking about HIV/AIDS in families. Yet, the two groups did not differ in terms of perceived social support (PSS), frequency of collaborative information behavior (CIB), or use of information obtained collaboratively. However, a surprising relationship between CIB and PSS emerged among diabetics but not PHAs: the greater the frequency of CIB with family members, the less supportive they were perceived to be. This seems rooted in the prevalence of attempted influence and interference by diabetics' family members. Nevertheless, among both PHAs and diabetics, a significant overlap existed between receipt of informational and emotional support. Indeed, information sharing and emotional support could be the same in interactions such as questions of concern, goal attainment, and caring forwards. This study is among the first to document differences in social support and CIB among people with different diseases, pointing to the merit of information services and systems differentiated by disease. The overlap between informational and emotional support suggests the value of organizing, presenting, or rating health information according to emotional valence. Demonstrating that CIB may have negative effects challenges information scientists to reconsider whether receipt of information is always positive. Health information behavior in families therefore appears more complex than has been previously shown
Author-Constructs & Trojan horse-ing: Academic citation as a strategic discursive practice

This paper draws on the findings of a study of 15 international information researchers' relationship with an author work prominent in the literature of their field (Brenda Dervin) to examine academic citation practices in a new light. Drawing on social constructivist theories, derived in part from Foucault's approach to discourse analysis, and a methodology drawing on aspects of Dervin's (1999) Sense-Making and Glaser & Strauss' (1967) inductive analytic techniques, it seeks to examine citation as a strategic discursive practice
How content contributors assess and establish credibility on the web

The proliferation of user‐generated content (UGC) is one of the distinguishing characteristics of Web 2.0. Internet users contribute content online through platforms such as blogs, wikis, video sharing sites, and sites that allow user feedback. Yet little is known of the credibility practices of these content contributors. Through phone interviews conducted with 29 online content contributors, this study investigates how content contributors assess credibility when gathering information for their online content creation and mediation activities, as well as the strategies they use to establish the credibility of the content they create. These contributors reported that they engaged in content creation activities such as posting or commenting on blogs or online forums, rating or voting on online content, and uploading photos, music, or video. We found that credibility judgments made when gathering information for online content creation and mediation activities could be grouped into three levels: intuitive, heuristic, and strategy‐based. We identified three distinctive ways of establishing credibility that are applied during different phases of content contribution: ensuring credibility during the content creation phase; signaling credibility during the content presentation phase; and reinforcing credibility during the post‐production phase. We also discovered that content contributors tend to carry over the strategies they used for assessing credibility during information gathering to their strategies for establishing the credibility of their own content. Theoretical implications for credibility research and practical implications for developing information literacy programs are discussed
Building community broadband: Barriers and opportunities for community‐based organizations in the federal BTOP and BIP broadband development programs

Despite $7.2 billion of recent federal investments in broadband infrastructure through the Broadband Technology Opportunities and Broadband Initiatives Programs (BTOP and BIP), questions around the effectiveness of such national‐scale initiatives at the local level remain. Drawing on ethnographic interviews, observation, and documentary evidence, this paper charts the experience of twenty‐seven grassroots and community‐based organizations (CBOs) from around the country that have engaged the BTOP and BIP process. We explore the challenges CBOs have faced in initiating, developing partnerships, and executing BTOP and BIP grant applications. We find that CBOs often struggled to define the effective scope of potential BTOP projects; to align these with traditional organizational goals; to develop effective project partnerships, including with larger and more institutionalized partners; and to meet the formal evaluation, reporting, and management requirements of a large‐scale and sensitive federal program. Despite these barriers, several community‐based organizations have engaged in successful BTOP and BIP applications, which are now moving into operational stage. This paper documents these experiences, and concludes with recommendations for reform of the BTOP, BIP, or possible successor programs that could improve the inclusion and effectiveness of community‐based organizations as agents of broadband development and social change
The Analytic Potential of Scientific Data: Understanding Re-use Value

While problems related to the curation and preservation of scientific data are receiving considerable attention from the information science and digital repository communities, relatively little progress has been made on approaches for evaluating the value of data to inform investment in acquisition, curation, and preservation. Adapting Hjørland’s concept of the “epistemological potential” of documents, we assert that analytic potential, or the value of data for analysis beyond its original use, should guide development of data collections for repositories aimed at supporting research. Three key aspects of the analytic potential of data are identified and discussed: potential user communities, preservation readiness, and fit for purpose. Based on evidence from research from the Data Conservancy initiative, we demonstrate how the analytic potential of data can be determined and applied to build large-scale data collections suited for grand challenge science.published or submitted for publicationis peer reviewe
Information use in chronic illness care: The role of the electronic health record in bridging patient experience and healthcare contexts

Chronic health conditions typically manifest as pervasive and ongoing in daily life, in contrast to their curative and episodic mode of treatment in most healthcare settings. A growing sense of provider‐patient disconnect and calls for healthcare reform have emerged new chronic care models that advocate for a team approach to care that is heavily supported through the use of an electronic health record (EHR). This interdisciplinary research examines the use of the EHR in chronic illness care within a best‐practice environment to understand how provider practices frame patient experience. Drawing on data from 144 hours of observation and 49 interviews with healthcare providers at three VA primary care clinics, we examined information use in provider work and patient care. Findings indicate the EHR as a de facto representation of the patient and a ubiquitous force in shaping provider work and patient care. The organizational context and provider work practices as reified in the EHR privileged and elevated objective indicators of the patient's level of “control” while obscuring subjective information and patient narrative that could be useful in problem‐solving disease management. The pervasive use of objective information in patient care and communication framed patient experience in the healthcare context in ways that seemed abstracted from their lived experience with illness, contributing to providerpatient disconnects. Providers were stymied by not having enough information to support effective self‐management or a more complete picture of patients' everyday life experiences, but there was no clear pathway for capturing, retrieving, and using such information in patient care. We suggest that EHR design for chronic illness care should make patients' experiential information more readily available and enable patient input and patient‐provider co‐construction of information. More work is needed to further understand how everyday life experience is presented and received in patient encounters
Who's there? Supporting audience awareness in creative content systems

In this poster abstract, we motivate and describe the design rationale for an approach to making audiences of creative content more visible and salient to producers contributing to user generated content and social media systems. Set in the specific context of digital photography, we discuss how this approach is appropriate for visualizing multiple audience types, thus supporting heterogeneous use models, relationship types and motivations. We also discuss the research questions and future assessment work through which this UI intervention will be evaluated
Crowdsourcing with all‐pay auctions: A field experiment on Taskcn

We investigate the effects of various design features of all‐pay auction crowdsourcing sites by conducting a fieldexperiment on Taskcn, one of the largest crowdsourcingsites in China where all‐pay auction mechanisms are used. Specifically, we study the effects of price, reserve price inthe form of the early entry of high‐quality answers (shillanswers), and reputation systems on answer quantity andquality by posting translation and programming tasks on Taskcn. We find significant price effects on both thenumber of submissions and answer quality, and that taskswith shill answers have pronounced lower answer quality, which are consistent with our theoretical predictions. Inaddition, monetary incentives and the existence of shillanswers have different effects on users with differingexperience and expertise levels
Youth beyond borders: Methodological challenges in youth information interaction

The pace of technological change is rapid and the impact of this acceleration on the information behavior of youth from diverse backgrounds is multifaceted. Most young people have online access in some form, but the uses and quality of access vary tremendously (Madden, Lenhart, Duggan, Cortesi & Gasser, 2013). With the growth and variation of information behaviors among youth in social media and the mobile Web, keeping pace with research methods used to capture these behaviors and phenomena continues to be a discussion among scholars. Adding to the complications of research in this area, youth are increasingly using information and communications technologies (ICT) across platforms for a variety of information behaviors, including academic and social reasons (Agosto & Abbas, 2010). It is often not enough to solely examine a young person's Twitter feed-we need to see how that conversation carries from Twitter, to direct messages, to texting, to a Facebook post and so on. This variation suggests a need for greater nuance in research (Madden, Lenhart, Duggan, Cortesi & Gasser, 2013; Gasser, Cortesi, Malik & Lee, 2012). This panel will bring together several researchers experienced in studying youth information practices to discuss their methodologies and strategies in dealing with these intricate issues. This panel will be conducted in a roundtable style-encouraging deep conversation between the researchers and the audience. This will be followed by a small group discussions with the audience and conclude by sharing back best practices uncovered through the group discussions. Through attending this panel, attendees will engage with current developments in diverse youth, ICT and research methodologies, and identify priorities and approaches for future work in these areas
Searching as learning: Novel measures for information interaction research

There is growing recognition of the importance of learning as a search outcome and of the need to provide support for it. Yet, before we can consider learning as a part of search, we need to know how to assess it. This panel will focus on methods and measures for assessing learning in the context of search tasks and their outcomes. The panel will be interactive as the audience will be encouraged to engage in contributing their own experiences and ideas related to measures and methods to study learning as a part of search processes. Ideas and experiences with explicit and implicit indicators of learning and with evaluating learning outcomes will be shared during a dialogue between the audience and panelists. Outcomes from the panel discussions will contribute to formulating a research agenda for “search as learning.” The outcomes will be shared with the audience (and the wider ASIST community)
Credibility perceptions of content contributors and consumers in social media

This panel addresses information credibility issues in the context of social media. During this panel, participants will discuss people's credibility perceptions of online content in social media from the perspectives of both content contributors and consumers. Each panelist will bring her own perspective on credibility issues in various social media, including Twitter (Morris), Wikipedia (Metzger; Francke), blogs (Rieh), and social Q&A (Jeon). This panel aims to flesh out multi‐disciplinary approaches to the investigation of credibility and discuss integrated conceptual frameworks and future research directions focusing on assessing and establishing credibility in social media
Searching for temporal patterns in the time series of publications of authors in a research specialty

In this paper we report results of our investigation of temporal patterns in the publication activity of authors in a research specialty. We base our analysis on Web of Science data for a field in the physical and chemical sciences from 1991‐2012. We determine the research groups in the field by clustering the co‐author network and generate our sample for this analysis by selecting the most productive author of each co‐author cluster to represent the activity of that group. Whereas a statistical time series analysis did not reveal any specific patterns, a time series clustering approach generated a grouping of time series that correlates with the structural network position (‘node role') of the respective authors in the clustered co‐author network. This work is part of a long‐term research project employing a mix of qualitative and network analytic methods to investigate field‐specific differences in collaborative patterns
Changing communication on researchgate through interface updates

Informal scholarly communication across the Web is a growing component of the scholarly communication infrastructure. This study describes the effects of three different interfaces on these informal channels. Interface design has a widely studied effect on user behavior, and new users often encounter barriers during accessing social media tools. Using a mixed methods approach, we collected and grouped 413 posts across three distinct interfaces of ResearchGate's communication platform. Our results show that scholars were more polite in the initial group discussion interface but that user interface design did not change the core communication patterns of sharing information and opinions among scholars. The site also transitioned from one-to-many discussions to one-to-one posts, but new users were generally welcomed to the scholarly communications