pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Mental health law and the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

AbstractPeople with a mental illness may be subject to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), depending on definitions of terms such as ‘impairment’, ‘long-term’ and the capaciousness of the word ‘includes’ in the Convention's characterisation of persons with disabilities. Particularly challenging under the CRPD is the scope, if any, for involuntary treatment.Conventional mental health legislation, such as the Mental Health Act (England and Wales) appears to violate, for example, Article 4 (‘no discrimination of any kind on the basis of disability’), Article 12 (persons shall ‘enjoy legal capacity on an equal basis with others in all aspects of life’) and Article 14 (‘the existence of a disability shall in no case justify a deprivation of liberty’).We argue that a form of mental health law, such as the Fusion Law proposal, is consistent with the principles of the CRPD. Such law is aimed at eliminating discrimination against persons with a mental illness. It covers all persons regardless of whether they have a ‘mental’ or a ‘physical’ illness, and only allows involuntary treatment when a person's decision-making capability (DMC) for a specific treatment decision is impaired — whatever the health setting or cause of the impairment — and where supported decision making has failed. In addition to impaired DMC, involuntary treatment would require an assessment that such treatment gives the person's values and perspective paramount importance
A Single-blinded, Randomized Clinical Trial of How to Implement an Evidence-based Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder [IMPLEMENT] — Effects of Three Different Strategies of Implementation

AbstractBackgroundDespite long-standing calls to disseminate evidence-based treatments for generalized anxiety (GAD), modest progress has been made in the study of how such treatments should be implemented. The primary objective of this study was to test three competing strategies on how to implement a cognitive behavioral treatment (CBT) for out-patients with GAD (i.e., comparison of one compensation vs. two capitalization models).MethodsFor our three-arm, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial (implementation of CBT for GAD [IMPLEMENT]), we recruited adults with GAD using advertisements in high-circulation newspapers to participate in a 14-session cognitive behavioral treatment (Mastery of your Anxiety and Worry, MAW-packet). We randomly assigned eligible patients using a full randomization procedure (1:1:1) to three different conditions of implementation: adherence priming (compensation model), which had a systematized focus on patients' individual GAD symptoms and how to compensate for these symptoms within the MAW-packet, and resource priming and supportive resource priming (capitalization model), which had systematized focuses on patients' strengths and abilities and how these strengths can be capitalized within the same packet. In the intention-to-treat population an outcome composite of primary and secondary symptoms-related self-report questionnaires was analyzed based on a hierarchical linear growth model from intake to 6-month follow-up assessment. This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT02039193) and is closed to new participants.FindingsFrom June 2012 to Nov. 2014, from 411 participants that were screened, 57 eligible participants were recruited and randomly assigned to three conditions. Forty-nine patients (86%) provided outcome data at post-assessment (14% dropout rate). All three conditions showed a highly significant reduction of symptoms over time. However, compared with the adherence priming condition, both resource priming conditions indicated faster symptom reduction. The observer ratings of a sub-sample of recorded videos (n=100) showed that the therapists in the resource priming conditions conducted more strength-oriented interventions in comparison with the adherence priming condition. No patients died or attempted suicide.InterpretationTo our knowledge, this is the first trial that focuses on capitalization and compensation models during the implementation of one prescriptive treatment packet for GAD. We have shown that GAD related symptoms were significantly faster reduced by the resource priming conditions, although the limitations of our study included a well-educated population. If replicated, our results suggest that therapists who implement a mental health treatment for GAD might profit from a systematized focus on capitalization models.FundingSwiss Science National Foundation (SNSF-Nr. PZ00P1_136937/1) awarded to CF
Analytical study of holographic superconductor in Born–Infeld electrodynamics with backreaction

AbstractWe extend the analytical studies on the properties of s-wave holographic superconductors in the presence of Born–Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics by taking the backreaction into account. We find that even in the case of nonlinear electrodynamics, one can still employ the analytical method when the backreaction is turned on. In our calculations, we use the variational method which is based on the Sturm–Liouville eigenvalue problem. For this system, we obtain the relation between the critical temperature and the charge density. We find that both backreaction and Born–Infeld parameters decrease the critical temperature of the superconductor and make the condensation harder. Finally, we compute the critical exponent associated with the condensation near the critical temperature and find that it equals 1/2 which is the universal value in the mean field theory
New Lie-algebraic and quadratic deformations of Minkowski space from twisted Poincaré symmetries

AbstractWe consider two new classes of twisted D=4 quantum Poincaré symmetries described as the dual pairs of noncocommutative Hopf algebras. Firstly we investigate a two-parameter class of twisted Poincaré algebras which provide the examples of Lie-algebraic noncommutativity of the translations. The corresponding associative star-products and new deformed Lie-algebraic Minkowski spaces are introduced. We discuss further the twist deformations of Poincaré symmetries generated by the twist with its carrier in Lorentz algebra. We describe corresponding deformed Poincaré group which provides the quadratic deformations of translation sector and define the quadratically deformed Minkowski space–time algebra
Coherent pion production in proton–deuteron collisions

AbstractValues of the proton analysing power in the pd→He3π0/H3π+ reactions at 350–360 MeV per nucleon were obtained by using a polarised proton beam incident on a deuterium cluster-jet target and with a polarised deuteron beam incident on a target cell filled with polarised hydrogen. These results have a much larger angular coverage than existing data. First measurements are also presented of the deuteron vector analysing power and the deuteron–proton spin correlations. Data were also obtained on the deuteron–proton spin correlation and proton analysing power at small angles at 600 MeV per nucleon, though the angular coverage at this energy was much more restricted even when using a deuteron beam. By combining the extrapolated values of the spin correlations to the forward or backward directions with published measurements of the deuteron tensor analysing powers, the relative phases between the two non-vanishing amplitudes were evaluated
Using Health State Utility Values from the General Population to Approximate Baselines in Decision Analytic Models when Condition-Specific Data are Not Available

AbstractBackgroundDecision analytic models in health care require baseline health-related quality of life data to accurately assess the benefits of interventions. The use of inappropriate baselines such as assuming the value of perfect health (EQ-5D = 1) for not having a condition may overestimate the benefits of some treatment and thus distort policy decisions informed by cost per quality adjusted life years thresholds.ObjectiveThe primary objective was to determine if data from the general population are appropriate for baseline health state utility values (HSUVs) when condition specific data are not available.MethodsData from four consecutive Health Surveys for England were pooled. Self-reported health status and EQ-5D data were extracted and used to generate mean HSUVs for cohorts with or without prevalent health conditions. These were compared with mean HSUVs from all respondents irrespective of health status.ResultsMore than 45% of respondents (n = 41,174) reported at least one condition and almost 20% reported at least two. Our results suggest that data from the general population could be used to approximate baseline HSUVs in some analyses, but not all. In particular, HSUVs from the general population would not be an appropriate baseline for cohorts who have just one condition. In these instances, if condition specific data are not available, data from respondents who report they do not have any prevalent health condition may be more appropriate. Exploratory analyses suggest the decrement on health-related quality of life may not be constant across ages for all conditions and these relationships may be condition specific. Additional research is required to validate our findings
Multiplicity dependence of pion, kaon, proton and lambda production in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

AbstractIn this Letter, comprehensive results on π±, K±, KS0, p(p¯) and Λ(Λ¯) production at mid-rapidity (0<yCMS<0.5) in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV, measured by the ALICE detector at the LHC, are reported. The transverse momentum distributions exhibit a hardening as a function of event multiplicity, which is stronger for heavier particles. This behavior is similar to what has been observed in pp and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC. The measured pT distributions are compared to d–Au, Au–Au and Pb–Pb results at lower energy and with predictions based on QCD-inspired and hydrodynamic models
Supersymmetric D2–anti-D2 strings

AbstractWe consider the flat supersymmetric D2 and anti-D2 system, which follows from ordinary noncommutative D2–anti-D2 branes by turning on an appropriate worldvolume electric field describing dissolved fundamental strings. We study the strings stretched between D2 and anti-D2 branes and show explicitly that the would-be tachyonic states become massless. We compute the string spectrum and clarify the induced noncommutativity on the worldvolume. The results are compared with the matrix theory description of the worldvolume gauge theories
A very intense neutrino super beam experiment for leptonic CP violation discovery based on the European spallation source linac

AbstractVery intense neutrino beams and large neutrino detectors will be needed in order to enable the discovery of CP violation in the leptonic sector. We propose to use the proton linac of the European Spallation Source currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, to deliver, in parallel with the spallation neutron production, a very intense, cost effective and high performance neutrino beam. The baseline program for the European Spallation Source linac is that it will be fully operational at 5 MW average power by 2022, producing 2 GeV 2.86 ms long proton pulses at a rate of 14 Hz. Our proposal is to upgrade the linac to 10 MW average power and 28 Hz, producing 14 pulses/s for neutron production and 14 pulses/s for neutrino production. Furthermore, because of the high current required in the pulsed neutrino horn, the length of the pulses used for neutrino production needs to be compressed to a few μs with the aid of an accumulator ring. A long baseline experiment using this Super Beam and a megaton underground Water Cherenkov detector located in existing mines 300–600 km from Lund will make it possible to discover leptonic CP violation at 5 σ significance level in up to 50% of the leptonic Dirac CP-violating phase range. This experiment could also determine the neutrino mass hierarchy at a significance level of more than 3 σ if this issue will not already have been settled by other experiments by then. The mass hierarchy performance could be increased by combining the neutrino beam results with those obtained from atmospheric neutrinos detected by the same large volume detector. This detector will also be used to measure the proton lifetime, detect cosmological neutrinos and neutrinos from supernova explosions. Results on the sensitivity to leptonic CP violation and the neutrino mass hierarchy are presented
Dynamics in dumbbell domains II. The limiting problem

AbstractIn this work we continue the analysis of the asymptotic dynamics of reaction–diffusion problems in a dumbbell domain started in [J.M. Arrieta, A.N. Carvalho, G. Lozada-Cruz, Dynamics in dumbbell domains I. Continuity of the set of equilibria, J. Differential Equations 231 (2) (2006) 551–597]. Here we study the limiting problem, that is, an evolution problem in a “domain” which consists of an open, bounded and smooth set Ω⊂RN with a curve R0 attached to it. The evolution in both parts of the domain is governed by a parabolic equation. In Ω the evolution is independent of the evolution in R0 whereas in R0 the evolution depends on the evolution in Ω through the continuity condition of the solution at the junction points. We analyze in detail the linear elliptic and parabolic problem, the generation of linear and nonlinear semigroups, the existence and structure of attractors
Measurement of the Λb cross section and the Λ¯b to Λb ratio with J/ψΛ decays in pp collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractThe Λb differential production cross section and the cross section ratio σ(Λ¯b)/σ(Λb) are measured as functions of transverse momentum pTΛb and rapidity |yΛb| in pp collisions at s=7 TeV using data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurements are based on Λb decays reconstructed in the exclusive final state J/ψΛ, with the subsequent decays J/ψ→μ+μ− and Λ→pπ, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.9 fb−1. The product σ(Λb)×B(Λb→J/ψΛ) versus pTΛb falls faster than that of b mesons. The measured value of σ(Λb)×B(Λb→J/ψΛ) for pTΛb>10 GeV and |yΛb|<2.0 is 1.16±0.06±0.12 nb, and the integrated σ(Λ¯b)/σ(Λb) ratio is 1.02±0.07±0.09, where the uncertainties are statistical and systematic, respectively
On neutrinoless double beta decay in the νMSM

AbstractWe consider the neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay in the νMSM, in which three right-handed neutrinos with masses below the electroweak scale are additionally introduced to the Standard Model. In this model there appear three heavy neutral leptons N1, N2, and N3 corresponding to right-handed neutrinos. It has been known that the lightest one N1 with keV mass, which is a candidate for dark matter, gives a negligible contribution to the 0νββ decay. By contrast, the heavier ones N2 and N3, which are responsible to the seesaw mechanism of neutrino masses and baryogenesis, give the destructive contribution (compared with one from active neutrinos). This is because their mass degeneracy at high precision has been assumed, which is expected by analytical studies of baryogenesis. In this analysis, we find that the effective mass of the 0νββ decay becomes larger than one from active neutrinos due to the N2 and N3 constructive contribution when the mass difference becomes larger and the mass ordering of active neutrinos is inverted. Such a possibility will be explored by the current and near future experiments of the 0νββ decay
Finite-size effects in the spectrum of the OSp(3|2) superspin chain

AbstractThe low energy spectrum of a spin chain with OSp(3|2) supergroup symmetry is studied based on the Bethe ansatz solution of the related vertex model. This model is a lattice realization of intersecting loops in two dimensions with loop fugacity z=1 which provides a framework to study the critical properties of the unusual low temperature Goldstone phase of the O(N) sigma model for N=1 in the context of an integrable model. Our finite-size analysis provides strong evidence for the existence of continua of scaling dimensions, the lowest of them starting at the ground state. Based on our data we conjecture that the so-called watermelon correlation functions decay logarithmically with exponents related to the quadratic Casimir operator of OSp(3|2). The presence of a continuous spectrum is not affected by a change to the boundary conditions although the density of states in the continua appears to be modified
Search for the CP-violating strong decays η→π+π− and η′(958)→π+π−

AbstractA search for the CP-violating strong decays η→π+π− and η′(958)→π+π− has been performed using approximately 2.5×107 events of each of the decays D+→π+π+π− and Ds+→π+π+π−, recorded by the LHCb experiment. The data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb−1 of pp collision data recorded during LHC Run 1 and 0.3 fb−1 recorded in Run 2. No evidence is seen for D(s)+→π+η(′) with η(′)→π+π−, and upper limits at 90% confidence level are set on the branching fractions, B(η→π+π−)<1.6×10−5 and B(η′→π+π−)<1.8×10−5. The limit for the η decay is comparable with the existing one, while that for the η′ is a factor of three smaller than the previous limit
Concentration–compactness phenomena in the higher order Liouville's equation

AbstractWe investigate different concentration–compactness and blow-up phenomena related to the Q-curvature in arbitrary even dimension. We first treat the case of an open domain in R2m, then that of a closed manifold and, finally, the particular case of the sphere S2m. In all cases we allow the sign of the Q-curvature to vary, and show that in the case of a closed manifold, contrary to the case of open domains in R2m, blow-up phenomena can occur only at points of positive Q-curvature. As a consequence, on a locally conformally flat manifold of non-positive Euler characteristic we always have compactness
Single-cell lysis for visual analysis by electron microscopy

AbstractThe stochastic nature of biological systems makes the study of individual cells a necessity in systems biology. Yet, handling and disruption of single cells and the analysis of the relatively low concentrations of their protein components still challenges available techniques. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) allows for the analysis of proteins at the single-molecule level. Here, we present a system for single-cell lysis under light microscopy observation, followed by rapid uptake of the cell lysate. Eukaryotic cells were grown on conductively coated glass slides and observed by light microscopy. A custom-designed microcapillary electrode was used to target and lyse individual cells with electrical pulses. Nanoliter volumes were subsequently aspirated into the microcapillary and dispensed onto an electron microscopy grid for TEM inspection. We show, that the cell lysis and preparation method conserves protein structures well and is suitable for visual analysis by TEM
Physical Activity and Mental Well-being in a Cohort Aged 60–64 Years

IntroductionAlthough evidence suggests physical activity (PA) may be associated with mental well-being at older ages, it is unclear whether some types of PA are more important than others. The purpose of this study is to investigate associations of monitored total PA under free-living conditions, self-reported leisure-time PA (LTPA), and walking for pleasure with mental well-being at age 60–64 years.MethodsData on 930 (47%) men and 1,046 (53%) women from the United Kingdom Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development collected in 2006–2011 at age 60–64 were used in 2013–2014 to test the associations of PA (PA energy expenditure and time spent in different intensities of activity assessed using combined heart rate and acceleration monitors worn for 5 days, self-reported LTPA, and walking for pleasure) with the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale (WEMWBS; range, 14–70).ResultsIn linear regression models adjusted for gender, long-term limiting illness, smoking, employment, socioeconomic position, personality, and prior PA, those who walked for >1 hour/week had mean WEMWBS scores 1.47 (95% CI=0.60, 2.34) points higher than those who reported no walking. Those who participated in LTPA at least five times/month had WEMWBS scores 1.25 (95% CI=0.34, 2.16) points higher than those who did not engage in LTPA. There were no statistically significant associations between free-living PA and WEMWBS scores.ConclusionsIn adults aged 60–64 years, participation in self-selected activities such as LTPA and walking are positively related to mental well-being, whereas total levels of free-living PA are not
Two-loop superstrings. I. Main formulas

AbstractAn unambiguous and slice-independent formula for the two-loop superstring measure on moduli space for even spin structure is constructed from first principles. The construction uses the super-period matrix as moduli invariant under worldsheet supersymmetry. This produces new subtle contributions to the gauge-fixing process, which eliminate all the ambiguities plaguing earlier gauge-fixed formulas.The superstring measure can be computed explicitly and a simple expression in terms of modular forms is obtained. For fixed spin structure, the measure exhibits the expected behavior under degenerations of the surface. The measure allows for a unique modular covariant GSO projection. Under this GSO projection, the cosmological constant, the 1-, 2- and 3-point functions of massless supergravitons all vanish pointwise on moduli space without the appearance of boundary terms. A certain disconnected part of the 4-point function is shown to be given by a convergent, finite integral on moduli space. A general slice-independent formula is given for the two-loop cosmological constant in compactifications with central charge c=15 and N=1 worldsheet supersymmetry in terms of the data of the compactification conformal field theory.In this Letter, a summary of the above results is presented with detailed constructions, derivations and proofs to be provided in a series of subsequent publications
Well-poised generation of Apéry-like recursions

AbstractThe idea to use classical hypergeometric series and, in particular, well-poised hypergeometric series in diophantine problems of the values of the polylogarithms has led to several novelties in number theory and neighbouring areas of mathematics. Here, we present a systematic approach to derive second-order polynomial recursions for approximations to some values of the Lerch zeta function, depending on the fixed (but not necessarily real) parameter α satisfying the condition Re(α)<1. Substituting α=0 into the resulting recurrence equations produces the famous recursions for rational approximations to ζ(2), ζ(3) due to Apéry, as well as the known recursion for rational approximations to ζ(4). Multiple integral representations for solutions of the constructed recurrences are also given
The need for further integration of services to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis in Mwanza City, Tanzania

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the operational integration of maternal HIV testing and syphilis screening in Mwanza, Tanzania.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 76 health workers (HW) from three antenatal clinics (ANC) and three maternity wards in 2008–2009 and 1137 consecutive women admitted for delivery. Nine ANC health education sessions and client flow observations were observed.ResultsOnly 25.0% of HWs reported they had received training in both prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and syphilis screening. HIV and syphilis tests were sometimes performed in different rooms and results recorded in separate registers with different formats and the results were not always given by the same person. At delivery, most women had been tested for both HIV (79.4%) and syphilis (88.1%) during pregnancy. Of those not tested antenatally for each infection, 70.1% were tested for HIV at delivery but none for syphilis.ConclusionIntegration of maternal HIV and syphilis screening was limited. Integrated care guidelines and related health worker training should address this gap