pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Coleman–Weinberg inflation in light of Planck

We revisit a single field inflationary model based on Coleman–Weinberg potentials. We show that in small field Coleman–Weinberg inflation, the observed amplitude of perturbations needs an extremely small quartic coupling of the inflaton, which might be a signature of radiative origin. However, the spectral index obtained in a standard cosmological scenario turns out to be outside the 2 σ region of the Planck data. When a non-standard cosmological framework is invoked, such as brane-world cosmology in the Randall–Sundrum model, the spectral index can be made consistent with Planck data within 1 σ , courtesy of the modification in the evolution of the Hubble parameter in such a scheme. We also show that the required inflaton quartic coupling as well as a phenomenologically viable <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>L</mi></math> symmetry breaking together with a natural electroweak symmetry breaking can arise dynamically in a generalized <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>L</mi></math> extension of the Standard Model where the full potential is assumed to vanish at a high scale
Possible emission of cosmic X - and γ -rays by unstable particles at late times

We find that charged unstable particles as well as neutral unstable particles with non-zero magnetic moment which live sufficiently long may emit electromagnetic radiation. This new mechanism is connected with the properties of unstable particles at the post exponential time region. Analyzing the transition times region between exponential and non-exponential form of the survival amplitude it is found that the instantaneous energy of the unstable particle can take very large values, much larger than the energy of this state for times from the exponential time region. Based on the results obtained for the model considered, it is shown that this purely quantum mechanical effect may be responsible for causing unstable particles to emit electromagnetic-, X - or γ -rays at some time intervals from the transition time regions
Can we reach the Zeptouniverse with rare K and B s,d decays?

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will directly probe distance scales as short as 10 −19 m, corresponding to energy scales at the level of a few TeV. In order to reach even higher resolutions before the advent of future high-energy colliders, it is necessary to consider indirect probes of New Physics (NP), a prime example being Δ F = 2 neutral meson mixing processes, which are sensitive to much shorter distance scales. However Δ F = 2 processes alone cannot tell us much about the structure of NP beyond the LHC scales. To identify for instance the presence of new quark flavour-changing dynamics of a left-handed (LH) or right-handed (RH) nature, complementary results from Δ F = 1 rare decay processes are vital. We therefore address the important question of whether NP could be seen up to energy scales as high as 200 TeV, corresponding to distances as small as O 1 0 − 21 m $$ \mathcal{O}\left(1{0}^{-21}\right)\mathrm{m} $$ — the Zeptouniverse — in rare K and B s,d decays, subject to present Δ F = 2 constraints and perturbativity. We focus in particular on a heavy Z ′ gauge boson. If restricted to purely LH or RH Z ′ couplings to quarks, we find that rare K decays, in particular K + → π + ν ν ¯ $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$ and K L → π 0 ν ν ¯ $$ {K}_L\to {\pi}^0\nu \overline{\nu} $$ , allow us to probe the Zeptouniverse. On the other hand rare B s and B d decays, which receive stronger Δ F = 2 constraints, allow us to reach about 15 TeV. Allowing for both LH and RH couplings a loosening of the Δ F = 2 constraints is possible, and we find that the maximal values of M Z ′ at which NP effects could be found that are consistent with perturbative couplings are approximately 2000 TeV for K decays and 160 TeV for rare B s,d decays. Because Z ′ exchanges in the B s,d → μ + μ − rare decays are helicity suppressed, we also consider tree-level scalar exchanges for these decays, for which we find that scales close to 1000 TeV can be probed for the analogous pure and combined LH and RH scenarios. We further present a simple idea for an indirect determination of M Z ′ that could be realised at the next linear e + e − or μ + μ − collider and with future precise flavour data
The equivariant A-twist and gauged linear sigma models on the two-sphere

We study two-dimensional N = 2 , 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=\left(2,\;2\right) $$ supersymmetric gauged linear sigma models (GLSM) on the Ω-deformed sphere, S Ω 2 , which is a one-parameter deformation of the A -twisted sphere. We provide an exact formula for the S Ω 2 supersymmetric correlation functions using supersymmetric localization. The contribution of each instanton sector is given in terms of a Jeffrey-Kirwan residue on the Coulomb branch. In the limit of vanishing Ω-deformation, the localization formula greatly simplifies the computation of A -twisted correlation functions, and leads to new results for non-abelian theories. We discuss a number of examples and comment on the ϵ Ω -deformation of the quantum cohomology relations. Finally, we present a complementary Higgs branch localization scheme in the special case of abelian gauge groups
Can Effective Field Theory of inflation generate large tensor-to-scalar ratio within Randall–Sundrum single braneworld?

In this paper my prime objective is to explain the generation of large tensor-to-scalar ratio from the single field sub-Planckian inflationary paradigm within Randall–Sundrum (RS) single braneworld scenario in a model independent fashion. By explicit computation I have shown that the effective field theory prescription of brane inflation within RS single brane setup is consistent with sub-Planckian excursion of the inflaton field, which will further generate large value of tensor-to-scalar ratio, provided the energy density for inflaton degrees of freedom is high enough compared to the brane tension in high energy regime. Finally, I have mentioned the stringent theoretical constraint on positive brane tension, cut-off of the quantum gravity scale and bulk cosmological constant to get sub-Planckian field excursion along with large tensor-to-scalar ratio as recently observed by BICEP2 or at least generates the tensor-to-scalar ratio consistent with the upper bound of Planck (2013 and 2015) data and Planck+BICEP2+Keck Array joint constraint
Towards a model for forming psychological safety climate in construction project management

The nature of construction projects and their delivery exposes participants to accidents and dangers. Safety climate serves as a frame of reference for employees to make sense of safety measures in the workplace and adapt their behaviors. Though safety climate research abounds, fewer efforts are made to investigate the formation of a safety climate. An effort to explore forming psychological safety climate, an operationalization of safety climate at the individual level, is an appropriate starting point. Taking the view that projects are social processes, this paper develops a conceptual framework of forming the psychological safety climate, and provides a preliminary validation. The model suggests  that management can create the desired psychological safety climate by efforts from structural, perceptual, interactive, and cultural perspectives. Future empirical research can be built on the model to provide a more comprehensive and coherent picture of the determinants of safety climate.postprin
Precise Radial Velocities of Giant Stars VIII. Testing for the Presence of Planets with CRIRES Infrared Radial Velocities.

Context. We have been monitoring 373 very bright (V ≤ 6 mag) G and K giants with high precision optical Doppler spectroscopy for  more than a decade at Lick observatory. Our goal was to discover planetary companions around those stars and to better understand  planet formation and evolution around intermediate-mass stars. However, in principle long-term g-mode non-radial stellar pulsations  or rotating stellar features such as spots could effectively mimic a planetary signal in the radial velocity data.  Aims. Our goal is to compare optical and infrared radial velocities for those stars with periodic radial velocity patterns and test  for consistency of their fitted radial velocity semi-amplitudes. Thereby, we distinguish processes intrinsic to the star from orbiting  companions as reason for the radial velocity periodicity observed in the optical.  Methods. Stellar spectra with high spectral resolution have been taken in the H-band with the CRIRES near-infrared spectrograph at  ESO’s VLT for twenty stars of our Lick survey. Radial velocities are derived using many deep and stable telluric CO2 lines for precise  wavelength calibration.  Results. We find that the optical and the near-infrared radial velocities of the giant stars in our sample are consistent. We present  detailed results for eight stars in our sample previously reported to have planets or brown dwarf companions. All eight stars passed  the infrared test.  Conclusions. We conclude that the planet hypothesis provides the best explanation for the periodic radial velocity patterns observed  for these giant stars.published_or_final_versio
Cutting cost in service systems:are you running with scissors?

The ability to take action, in particular related to cost reductions in service systems, is strongly infl uenced by the understanding of decision-support tools such as cost estimates. A managerial perspective on cost estimation that neglects the essential characteristics of service systems may drive a locally optimal behavior, but creates tension or failure at the level of the overall system. Cost-cutting decisions that are based on a flawed understanding of the situation can lead to counterproductive outcomes. This paper presents a rigorous link between the domains of cost estimation, systems theory, and accident investigation reveals fundamental epistemological limitations of commonly employed cost models when dealing with the characteristics of servitization systems
A fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based redox sensor reveals physiological role of thioredoxin in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

The physiological roles of the thioredoxin isozymes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae were investigated using a novel FRET-based redox probe, Redoxfluor. After establishing responsiveness of the probe toward thioredoxin, we followed the fluorescence signal of Redoxfluor expressed in the yeast and found that one of the thioredoxin isozymes, Trx2, was required for maintaining the redox status when stationary culture of the organism was exposed to starvation and mild-heat stresses. The failure to maintain redox balance under the tested condition preceded decreased viability of the trx2 mutants, indicating the functional importance of the cytoplasmic thioredoxin in adaptation to environmental changes
Long-term follow-up of cortical hyperexcitability in Japanese Unverricht-Lundborg disease.

[Purpose]To delineate chronological changes of cortical hyperexcitability by long-term follow-up of the amplitudes of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) in patients with Japanese Unverricht–Lundborg disease (ULD). [Method]SEPs to median nerve stimulation were repeatedly examined in 7 genetically diagnosed ULD patients with the mean interval of 11.9 years. The degree of temporal changes in the amplitude of 3 early cortical components, N20, P25 and N35, to the age was analyzed and compared with that of healthy subjects. [Results]Their clinical course was almost stable during the follow-up period, namely cessation of generalized tonic-clonic seizures and little or no progression of myoclonus. SEP amplitudes of P25 and N35 were enlarged in all patients and were gradually decreased with aging in ULD on average. The degree of temporal changes of P25 and N35 in ULD was similar or even lower than that of healthy subjects. [Conclusion]Enlarged but relatively stable SEP amplitudes had a consistency with so-called self-limited clinical course in Japanese ULD. SEP amplitude could be one of the surrogate markers of the degree of cortical hyperexcitability in ULD during the long-term follow-up period
GPS positioning errors during the space weather event of October 2003

Due to the configuration of the Earth’s magnetic field and its reconnection with the Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), the high latitudes ionosphere is directly connected with outer space and, consequently, highly sensitive to the enhancement of the electromagnetic radiation and energetic particles coming from the Sun. Under such conditions the ionosphere may show the presence of small-scale structures or irregularities imbedded in the large-scale ambient plasma. These irregularities can produce short term phase and amplitude fluctuations in the carrier frequency of the radio waves which pass through them, commonly called ionospheric phase and amplitude scintillations. Since September 2003 a GPS Ionospheric Scintillation and TEC Monitor (GISTM) receiver has been deployed at the Italian Arctic station “Dirigibile Italia” in Ny Alesund (79.9° N, 11.9° E, Svalbard, Norway), in the frame of the ISACCO (Ionospheric Scintillations Arctic Campaign Coordinated Observation) project. The receiver computes and records GPS phase and amplitude scintillation parameters, as well as TEC (Total Electron Content). The measurements made by ISACCO during the superstorm of October 2003 have been here used to assess the positioning errors affecting GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems, such as GPS and the European Galileo) users and their correlation with the occurrence of observed levels of scintillation
Temporal variability of major and trace elements concentrations in the groundwaters of Mt. Etna (Italy): effects of transient input of magmatic fluids highlighted by means of Cluster Analysis

Data for major, minor and trace elements in groundwaters from Mt. Etna volcano collected in 1994, 1995 and 1997 were analysed using Cluster Analysis (CA). Two groups of sampling sites were identified (named clusters A and B), mainly on the basis of their different salinity and content of dissolved CO2. The highest levels of both of these parameters were observed in the sites of cluster A, located in the lower south-western and central eastern flanks of the volcano. For both of the statistical groups, CA was repeated taking into account the mean values of each parameter in time, and the results allowed us to recognize four distinct groups of parameters for each group of sites on the basis of their temporal patterns. Four different types of temporal patterns were recognised: concave, convex, increasing, decreasing. The observed changes were basically interpreted as a result of the different response of dissolved chemical elements to changes in the aqueous environment and/or in their solubility/mobility in water due to different rates of input of magmatic gases to Etna’s aquifers. The main changes occurred in 1995, when Etna’s volcanic activity resumed after a two-year period of rest. The temporal changes of the majority of the studied parameters (water temperature, water conductivity, Eh, pH, Al, Mg, B, Ca, Cl-, Hg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Se, Si, Sr, Cr Zn and pCO2) were not cluster-dependent, therefore they were not apparently affected by differences in water salinity between the two groups of sampling sites. A limited number of parameters (Ti, K, Li, HCO3-, As, Fe, SO42-, Cu and V), however, showed different behaviours depending on the cluster of sites which they belonged to, thus suggesting their apparent dependency on water salinity
High-frequency maximum observable shaking map of Italy from fault sources

We present a strategy for obtaining fault-based maximum observable shaking (MOS) maps, which represent an innovative concept for assessing deterministic seismic ground motion at a regional scale. Our approach uses the fault sources supplied for Italy by the Database of Individual Seismogenic Sources, and particularly by its composite seismogenic sources (CSS), a spatially continuous simplified 3-D representation of a fault system. For each CSS, we consider the associated Typical Fault, i.e., the portion of the corresponding CSS that can generate the maximum credible earthquake. We then compute the high-frequency (1–50 Hz) ground shaking for a rupture model derived from its associated maximum credible earthquake. As the Typical Fault floats within its CSS to occupy all possible positions of the rupture, the high-frequency shaking is updated in the area surrounding the fault, and the maximum from that scenario is extracted and displayed on a map. The final high-frequency MOS map of Italy is then obtained by merging 8,859 individual scenario-simulations, from which the ground shaking parameters have been extracted. To explore the internal consistency of our calculations and validate the results of the procedure we compare our results (1) with predictions based on the Next Generation Attenuation ground-motion equations for an earthquake of Mw 7.1, (2) with the predictions of the official Italian seismic hazard map, and (3) with macroseismic intensities included in the DBMI04 Italian database. We then examine the uncertainties and analyse the variability of ground motion for different fault geometries and slip distributions
A correction for the Hartree-Fock density of states for jellium without screening.

We revisit the Hartree-Fock (HF) calculation for the uniform electron gas, or jellium model, whose predictions—divergent derivative of the energy dispersion relation and vanishing density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level—are in qualitative disagreement with experimental evidence for simple metals. Currently, this qualitative failure is attributed to the lack of screening in the HF equations. Employing Slater’s hyper-Hartree-Fock (HHF) equations, derived variationally, to study the ground state and the excited states of jellium, we find that the divergent derivative of the energy dispersion relation and the zero in the DOS are still present, but shifted from the Fermi wavevector and energy of jellium to the boundary between the set of variationally optimised and unoptimised HHF orbitals. The location of this boundary is not fixed, but it can be chosen to lie at arbitrarily high values of wavevector and energy, well clear from the Fermi level of jellium. We conclude that, rather than the lack of screening in the HF equations, the well-known qualitative failure of the ground-state HF approximation is an artifact of its nonlocal exchange operator. Other similar artifacts of the HF nonlocal exchange operator, not associated with the lack of electronic correlation, are known in the literature
Petrogenesis of mafic collision zone magmatism : the Armenian sector of the Turkish-Iranian Plateau.

The Turkish–Iranian Plateau grew after the Middle Miocene following the initial Paleogene Arabia–Eurasia collision. Authors attribute uplift to break-off of the southern Neo-Tethys slab beneath the Bitlis–Zagros Suture at ~ 15–10 Ma, coupled with continued plate convergence and regional crustal shortening. Since this time there has been an upsurge in mantle-derived collision magmatism over large parts of NW Iran, Eastern Anatolia and the Lesser Caucasus, potentially hundreds of kilometres from the site of southern Neo-Tethys slab break-off, > 10 Myr after the proposed break-off event. Whole rock elemental and Sr–Nd–Pb–Hf isotope data are presented for < 3 Ma trachy-basalt to trachy-basaltic andesite lavas erupted in Armenia in the South Caucasus. Samples formed by < 5% melting of fertile subduction-modified spinel-facies lithospheric mantle, and few display elemental or isotopic evidence for contamination by the 45-km thick Mesozoic–Paleogene arc crust or South Armenian Block continental crust. Recent magmatic activity in Armenia may not be a direct consequence of southern Neo-Tethys slab break-off 300–450 km away, beneath the Bitlis Suture. Late Miocene break-off of a second (northern Neo-Tethys) slab beneath the Pontide Arc may have allowed asthenospheric upwelling over a wider area than was affected by southern Neo-Tethyan break-off. However, whole-scale delamination of mantle lithosphere is ruled out due to the modest degrees of partial melting, a lack of asthenospheric components and limited crustal involvement in magmatism. Small-scale sub-lithospheric convection may be complementary to break-off, causing localised removal of lithospheric mantle and aiding the occurrence of melting for a significant time interval after the break-off event(s). Collision magmas such as those in Armenia represent mantle-derived additions to continental crust, enriched in incompatible elements but with Th/La ratios ≤ 0.2, much lower than those calculated for continental crust (0.25–0.3). Collision magmatism in Turkic-style orogens must be balanced by infra-crustal recycling and delamination to produce bulk continental crust
Impact of aerosols and adverse atmospheric conditions on the data quality for spectral analysis of the H.E.S.S. telescopes.

The Earth’s atmosphere is an integral part of the detector in ground-based imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope (IACT) experiments and has to be taken into account in the calibration. Atmospheric and hardware-related deviations from simulated conditions can result in the mis-reconstruction of primary particle energies and therefore of source spectra. During the eight years of observations with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) in Namibia, the overall yield in Cherenkov photons has varied strongly with time due to gradual hardware aging, together with adjustments of the hardware components, and natural, as well as anthropogenic, variations of the atmospheric transparency. Here we present robust data selection criteria that minimize these effects over the full data set of the H.E.S.S. experiment and introduce the Cherenkov transparency coefficient as a new atmospheric monitoring quantity. The influence of atmospheric transparency, as quantified by this coefficient, on energy reconstruction and spectral parameters is examined and its correlation with the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of independent MISR satellite measurements and local measurements of atmospheric clarity is investigated
Hearing voices in the resting brain : a review of intrinsic functional connectivity research on auditory verbal hallucinations.

Resting state networks (RSNs) are thought to reflect the intrinsic functional connectivity of brain regions. Alterations to RSNs have been proposed to underpin various kinds of psychopathology, including the occurrence of auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). This review outlines the main hypotheses linking AVH and the resting state, and assesses the evidence for alterations to intrinsic connectivity provided by studies of resting fMRI in AVH. The influence of hallucinations during data acquisition, medication confounds, and movement are also considered. Despite a large variety of analytic methods and designs being deployed, it is possible to conclude that resting connectivity in the left temporal lobe in general and left superior temporal gyrus in particular are disrupted in AVH. There is also preliminary evidence of atypical connectivity in the default mode network and its interaction with other RSNs. Recommendations for future research include the adoption of a common analysis protocol to allow for more overlapping datasets and replication of intrinsic functional connectivity alterations