pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A Quantum Jensen-Shannon Graph Kernel for Unattributed Graphs

In this paper, we use the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence as a means of measuring the information theoretic dissimilarity of graphs and thus develop a novel graph kernel. In quantum mechanics, the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence can be used to measure the dissimilarity of quantum systems specified in terms of their density matrices. We commence by computing the density matrix associated with a continuous-time quantum walk over each graph being compared. In particular, we adopt the closed form solution of the density matrix introduced in Rossi et al. (2013) [27,28] to reduce the computational complexity and to avoid the cumbersome task of simulating the quantum walk evolution explicitly. Next, we compare the mixed states represented by the density matrices using the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence. With the quantum states for a pair of graphs described by their density matrices to hand, the quantum graph kernel between the pair of graphs is defined using the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence between the graph density matrices. We evaluate the performance of our kernel on several standard graph datasets from both bioinformatics and computer vision. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed quantum graph kernel
Contrasting controls on the phosphorus concentration of suspended particulate matter under baseflow and storm event conditions in agricultural headwater streams

Whilst the processes involved in the cycling of dissolved phosphorus (P) in rivers have been extensively studied, less is known about the mechanisms controlling particulate P concentrations during small and large flows. This deficiency is addressed through an analysis of large numbers of suspended particulate matter (SPM) samples collected under baseflow (n = 222) and storm event (n = 721) conditions over a 23-month period across three agricultural headwater catchments of the River Wensum, UK. Relationships between clay mineral and metal oxyhydroxide associated elements were assessed and multiple linear regression models for the prediction of SPM P concentration under baseflow and storm event conditions were formulated. These models, which explained 71–96% of the variation in SPM P concentration, revealed a pronounced shift in P association from iron (Fe) dominated during baseflow conditions to particulate organic carbon (POC) dominated during storm events. It is hypothesised this pronounced transition in P control mechanism, which is consistent across the three study catchments, is driven by changes in SPM source area under differing hydrological conditions. In particular, changes in SPM Fe–P ratios between small and large flows suggest there are three distinct sources of SPM Fe; surface soils, subsurface sediments and streambed iron sulphide. Further examination of weekly baseflow data also revealed seasonality in the Fe–P and aluminium oxalate–dithionate (Alox–Aldi) ratios of SPM, indicating temporal variability in sediment P sorption capacity. The results presented here significantly enhance our understanding of SPM P associations with soil derived organic and inorganic fractions under different flow regimes and has implications for the mitigation of P originating from different sources in agricultural catchments
Parametric inference for mixed models defined by stochastic differential equations

International audienceNon-linear mixed models defined by stochastic differential equations (SDEs) are consid- ered: the parameters of the diffusion process are random variables and vary among the individuals. A maximum likelihood estimation method based on the Stochastic Approximation EM algorithm, is proposed. This estimation method uses the Euler-Maruyama approximation of the diffusion, achieved using latent auxiliary data introduced to complete the diffusion process between each pair of measure- ment instants. A tuned hybrid Gibbs algorithm based on conditional Brownian bridges simulations of the unobserved process paths is included in this algorithm. The convergence is proved and the error induced on the likelihood by the Euler-Maruyama approximation is bounded as a function of the step size of the approximation. Results of a pharmacokinetic simulation study illustrate the accuracy of this estimation method. The analysis of the Theophyllin real dataset illustrates the relevance of the SDE approach relative to the deterministic approach
Phonemes as images : An experimental inquiry into shape-sound symbolism applied to the distinctive features of French

International audienceThis paper attempts to improve the understanding of shape-sound symbolism by isolating the phonological features of the pseudo-words used in the experiments and the graphic features of the figures matched with them. In a first section, it analyses the classic maluma-takete effect from both an articulatory and acoustical point of view, showing that it is determined by several phonological features operating simultaneously. In a second section, two new experiments are presented to isolate, first, vowels and consonants and, second, the consonant features of [voicing], [manner of articulation], [nasality] and [place of articulation] in relation to the graphic features of \acuity\, \continuity\, \curvature\, \regularity\, and \density\. The main result is that each phonological feature shows a different pattern of correlations with the graphic features, determined by its subtle phono-articulatory and phono-acoustic structure
A two-fluid model for violent aerated flows

23 pages, 19 figures.Accepted to Computers and Fluids. Other authors publications and related animations can be downloaded at http://www.lama.univ-savoie.fr/~dutykhInternational audienceIn the study of ocean wave impact on structures, one often uses Froude scaling since the dominant force is gravity. However the presence of trapped or entrained air in the water can significantly modify wave impacts. When air is entrained in water in the form of small bubbles, the acoustic properties in the water change dramatically. While some work has been done to study small-amplitude disturbances in such mixtures, little work has been done on large disturbances in air-water mixtures. We propose a basic two-fluid model in which both fluids share the same velocities and analyze some of its properties. It is shown that this model can successfully mimic water wave impacts on coastal structures. The governing equations are discretized by a second-order finite volume method. Numerical results are presented for two examples: the dam break problem and the drop test problem. It is shown that this basic model can be used to study violent aerated flows, especially by providing fast qualitative estimates
Increase in late Neogene denudation of the European Alps confirmed by analysis of a fission-track thermochronology database

International audienceA sharp increase in deposited sediment volume since Pliocene times has been observed worldwide and in particular around the European Alps. This phenomenon has been linked to a rise in denudation rates controlled by an increase of either climatic or tectonic forcing. Observation of in-situ cooling histories for orogens is critical to assess the reality of the inferred increase in denudation rates, and to determine whether this phenomenon is widespread or localized at active tectonic structures. We exploit the unique density of fission-track ages in the Western European Alps to reconstruct cooling isoage surfaces and to estimate exhumation rates on the orogen scale between 13.5 and 2.5 Ma. Our novel technique is based on the association of isoage contours with age–elevation relationships. It uses map-view interpolation, enabling a spatio-temporal analysis of exhumation rates over the entire Western Alps. The resulting exhumation histories reconstructed for eight areas of the Western Alps display strong similarities in timing and rates with orogen-wide average denudation rates inferred from sediment volumes. This consistency validates the use of both techniques for the study of an orogen characterized by strong relief and high recent exhumation rates. We conclude that exhumation rates in the Western Alps have increased more than twofold since Late Miocene times. This increase may have been locally modulated by the distinct response of different tectonic units
Digital Innovation and Social Dilemmas

Part 1: Creating ValueInternational audienceDigital innovation is rapidly reshaping society, affecting fundamental aspects of our everyday activities and lives. This development is accompanied with benefits as well as social dilemmas. In this paper we approach this class of challenges in IS digital innovation research. We investigate how social challenges are attended in research agendas, and reflect upon social challenges emerging from a digital service innovation project. Based on the empirical case, we present a scenario that illustrates how social challenges can unfold in digital service innovation. The case exemplifies three conflicts of interest that are used to discuss implications for the research agendas for digital innovation. We propose that explicit attention is paid to social and ethical challenges, taking a large scale and interdisciplinary approach on social and ethical challenges in digital ecosystems
What Do Partners Share in Strategic Alliances?

Part 4: Enterprise ArchitectureInternational audienceThis study categorizes resources into firm-specific and general resource; costs into accounting and non-accounting cost; and risks into visible and invisible risks. Using data from 167 Canadian firms in technology industries, we find that sharing firm-specific resources and non-accounting costs are negatively correlated with environmental dynamism but sharing general resources, accounting costs and visible risks are positively correlated with environmental dynamism. Findings suggest that sharing certain resources, costs and risks do not necessarily incur high transaction costs
An articulatory and acoustic study of /u/ in preboundary position in French: The interaction of compensatory articulation, neutralization avoidance and featural enhancement

27 pagesInternational audienceThis study presents acoustic and electro-magnetic articulography (EMA) data for the back rounded vowel /u/ in preboundary position in French. Five boundary types are examined: the Utterance, the Intonational phrase, the Accentual phrase, the Word and the Syllable. The three speakers studied produce similar acoustic output, with both F1 and F2 becoming lower before stronger prosodic boundaries. However, the Utterance boundary has a particularly strong effect on F1, which is particularly low before this boundary. To achieve the acoustic output observed, the speakers adopt different articulatory strategies at different prosodic boundaries. The strategies observed before the strongest boundaries are tongue dorsum backing (coupled with either raising or lowering, depending on the speaker); tongue tip retraction; and lip protrusion. Somewhat unexpectedly in light of acoustic considerations, lip constriction is observed to be greater before the weaker prosodic boundaries. This result, considered in conjunction with the tongue data and with the lip protrusion data, leads us to suggest that the French speakers in our study are actively aiming to prevent F2 from becoming too high before the weaker prosodic boundaries. We suggest that a high F2 for /u/ may lead to perceptual confusion with the front rounded vowel /y/, which is also present in the French phoneme inventory. This result echoes our previous results for the front unrounded vowel /i/ (Tabain & Perrier, 2005. Articulation and acoustics of /i/ in preboundary position in French. Journal of Phonetics, 33, 77–100), and suggests that the structure of a language's phoneme inventory has important effects on the articulatory strategies adopted by its speakers
A new species of Baikuris (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Sphecomyrminae) in mid-Cretaceous amber from France

International audienceA new species of the extinct ant genus Baikuris Dlussky, 1987 (Formicidae: Sphecomyrminae) is describedand figured from a male preserved in a piece of w100 Myr amber from Charentes, in southwesternFrance. Baikuris maximus sp. nov., is distinguished from other species notably by its larger size, itsforewing with vein 2MþCu absent and vein 3Cu tubular, and the presence of a subpetiolar process. Thediagnosis of the genus is emended, and its distribution during the Cretaceous is briefly discussed
Platform independent Web application modeling and development with Netsilon

This paper discusses platform independent Web application modeling and development in the context of model-driven engineering. A specific metamodel (and associated notation) is introduced and motivated for the modeling of dynamicWeb specific concerns.Web applications are represented via three independent but related models (business, hypertext and presentation). A kind of action language (based on OCL and Java) is used all over these models to write methods and actions, specify constraints and express conditions. The concepts described in the paper have been implemented in the Netsilon tool and operational modeldriven Web information systems have been successfully deployed by translation from abstract models to platform specific models
First stages of the InP(1 0 0) surfaces nitridation studied by AES, EELS and EPES

International audienceThe nitrides of group III metals: AlN, GaN and InN are very important materials due to their applications for short wavelength opto-electronics (light-emitting diodes and laser diodes). It is essential for the realization of such novel devices to grow high-quality nitride single crystals. In this paper, we report the first stages of the InP(1 0 0) surfaces nitridation in order to grow high-quality nitride films. Indeed, the nitridation process is an important step in the growth of nitrides [J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 17 (1999) 2194; Phys. Status Solidi A 176 (1999) 595]. Previous works [Synth. Met. 90 (1997) 2233; Appl. Phys. Lett. 63 (1993) 1957] have shown that in situ Ar+ ions bombardment is useful on the one hand to clean the surface, and on the other hand to create droplets of metallic indium in well-controlled quantity. Then the indium metallic enrichment of the surface, monitoring by elastic peak electron spectroscopy (EPES) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) allows to prepare the III-V semiconductors surfaces to the nitridation step. The nitridated process has been performed with a high voltage plasma discharge cell and has been studied using quantitative Auger electron spectroscopy, elastic peak electron spectroscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), in order to optimize the conditions of InN layers formation
Interface changes causing accidents. An empirical study of negative transfer

International audienceWhen expert operators interact with a new device, they inevitably reuse former interaction modes and actions. This phenomenon is due to the human cognition seeking resources savings. Schemas support this strategy and are implemented in such a way that perfection is disregarded at the profit of an intuitive trade-off between performance and cognitive resources savings. As a consequence, humans have a strong inclination to fit well-known solution procedures into new problems. For this reason, changes in work environments can cause accidents when they allow operators to interact with a new device if the latter is erroneously perceived as familiar. This research issue originates from an industrial background. The suspected cause of a fatal error performed by an operator in a steelworks factory is replicated in an experiment. The results support the hypothesis according to which errors (and possible subsequent accidents) due to changes in the interface are more likely when the latter does not inhibit former modes of interaction modes. This main result is discussed under the angle of cognitive ergonomics and used as a basis to provide design guidelines
Near-infrared optical imaging of nucleic acid nanocarriers in vivo.

International audienceNoninvasive, real-time optical imaging methods are well suited to follow the in vivo distribution of nucleic acid nanocarriers, their dissociation, and the resulting gene expression or inhibition. Indeed, most small animal imaging devices perform bioluminescence and fluorescence measurements without moving the animal, allowing a simple, rapid, and cost-effective method of investigation of several parameters at a time, in longitudinal experiments that can last for days or weeks.Here we help the reader in choosing adapted near-infrared (NIR) fluorophores or pairs of fluorophores for Förster resonance energy transfer assays, imaging of reporter genes, as well as nanocarriers for in vivo gene and siRNA delivery. In addition, we present the labeling methods of these macromolecules and of their payload and the protocols to detect them using bioluminescence and NIR fluorescence imaging in mice
Catchability of pelagic trawls for sampling deep-living nekton in the mid-North Atlantic

Material collected in summer 2004 from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge between Iceland and the Azores with three pelagic trawls was used to
estimate relative catchabilities of common fish, cephalopod, decapod, and jellyfish species. Catchability is defined as the ratio of
numbers caught between two trawls, standardized for towed distance. Taxon-specific catchability coefficients were estimated for
two large pelagic trawls with graded meshes, using a smaller pelagic trawl with a uniform mesh size as the reference trawl. Two of
the trawls were equipped with multiple opening–closing codends that allowed sampling of different depth layers. Generalized
linear and mixed models suggest that most of the taxa have catchabilities much lower than expected from the area of opening
alone, indicating that only a few species are herded by the large mesh at the mouth of larger trawls. Catchability coefficients
across taxa show a very large spread, indicating that the sampled volume for the larger trawls with graded meshes was highly
taxon-specific. Part of this variability can be explained by body size and taxonomic group, the latter probably reflecting differences
in body form and behaviour. The catchability estimates presented here form the basis for combining data for quantitative analyses
of community structure
White matter lesions as a predictor of depression in the elderly: the 3C-Dijon study.

International audienceBACKGROUND: There is increasing evidence for a link between cerebrovascular disease and depression in the elderly but the mechanisms are still unknown. This study examines the longitudinal relationship between depression and white matter lesions (WML) in a sample of elderly aged 65 years and older. METHODS: Three City (3C)-Dijon is a 4-year follow-up population-based prospective study of 1658 subjects. At baseline, lifetime major depressive episode diagnosis was established using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. At each study wave, severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D), and antidepressants intake was recorded. At baseline, lifetime major depression (LMD) was defined as lifetime major depressive episode or antidepressant medication intake. At follow-up, subjects were classified "incident depression" if scoring high at CES-D or antidepressant users. At baseline, cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed to quantify WML volumes using an automated method of detection. At 4-year follow-up, 1214 subjects had a second MRI. RESULTS: Cross-sectional analysis showed a significantly higher WML volume in subjects with LMD compared with other subjects. Adjusted longitudinal analysis showed that increase in WML load was significantly higher in subjects with baseline LMD (2.1 cm(3) vs. 1.5 cm(3), p = .004). Among subjects free of depression up to baseline (n = 956), the higher the baseline WML volume, the higher the risk of developing depression during follow-up (odds ratio one quartile increase: 1.3; 95% confidence interval: = 1.1-1.7). CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that depression and WML volumes are strongly related. These results are consistent with the hypothesis of a vascular depression in the elderly
Formally verified certificate checkers for hardest-to-round computation

International audienceIn order to derive efficient and robust floating-point implementations of a given function f, it is crucial to compute its hardest-to-round points, i.e. the floating-point numbers x such that f(x) is closest to the midpoint of two consecutive floating-point numbers. Depending on the floating-point format one is aiming at, this can be highly computationally intensive. In this paper, we show how certificates based on Hensel's lemma can be added to an algorithm using lattice basis reduction so that the result of a computation can be formally checked in the Coq proof assistant
Assessing respiratory contributions to f0 declination in German across varying speech tasks and respiratory demands

International audienceMany past studies have sought to determine the factors that affect f0 declination, and the physiological underpinnings of the phenomenon.  This study assessed the relation between respiration and f0 declination by means of simultaneous acoustic and respiratory recordings from read and spontaneous speech from speakers of German. Within the respective Intonational Phrase unit, we analysed the effect of the number of syllables and voiceless obstruents. Both factors could influence the slope of either f0 declination or rib cage movement. If respiration and f0 declination are related physiologically, their relationship might also be modulated by either one or both factors. Our results show consistently for both speech tasks that the slope of the rib cage movement is not related with f0 declination when length and consonant content vary. Furthermore f0 slopes are generally shallower in spontaneous than in read speech. Finally, although a higher number of voiceless obstruents yielded a greater rib cage compression, it did not affect f0 declination. These results suggest that although f0 declination occurs in many languages, it might not have a purely physiological origin in breathing, but rather reflects cognitive processing which allows speakers to look ahead when planning their utterances