pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Aspects of dealing with imperfect data in temporal databases

In reality, some objects or concepts have properties with a time-variant or time-related nature. Modelling these kinds of objects or concepts in a (relational) database schema is possible, but time-variant and time-related attributes have an impact on the consistency of the entire database. Therefore, temporal database models have been proposed to deal with this. Time itself can be at the source of imprecision, vagueness and uncertainty, since existing time measuring devices are inherently imperfect. Accordingly, human beings manage time using temporal indications and temporal notions, which may contain imprecision, vagueness and uncertainty. However, the imperfection in human-used temporal indications is supported by human interpretation, whereas information systems need extraordinary support for this. Several proposals for dealing with such imperfections when modelling temporal aspects exist. Some of these proposals consider the basis of the system to be the conversion of the specificity of temporal notions between used temporal expressions. Other proposals consider the temporal indications in the used temporal expressions to be the source of imperfection. In this chapter, an overview is given, concerning the basic concepts and issues related to the modelling of time as such or in (relational) database models and the imperfections that may arise during or as a result of this modelling. Next to this, a novel and currently researched technique for handling some of these imperfections is presented
Constraint-wish and satisfied-dissatisfied: an overview of two approaches for dealing with bipolar querying

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in dealing with user preferences in flexible database querying, expressing both positive and negative information in a heterogeneous way. This is what is usually referred to as bipolar database querying. Different frameworks have been introduced to deal with such bipolarity. In this chapter, an overview of two approaches is given. The first approach is based on mandatory and desired requirements. Hereby the complement of a mandatory requirement can be considered as a specification of what is not desired at all. So, mandatory requirements indirectly contribute to negative information (expressing what the user does not want to retrieve), whereas desired requirements can be seen as positive information (expressing what the user prefers to retrieve). The second approach is directly based on positive requirements (expressing what the user wants to retrieve), and negative requirements (expressing what the user does not want to retrieve). Both approaches use pairs of satisfaction degrees as the underlying framework but have different semantics, and thus also different operators for criteria evaluation, ranking, aggregation, etc
The Malta-Sicily Escarpment : mass movement dynamics in a sediment-undersupplied margin

The Malta-Sicily Escarpment (MSE) is a steep carbonate escarpment that appears to have largely remained isolated from inputs of fluvial and littoral sediments since the Messinian Salinity Crisis. Mass movement activity has so far only been inferred from sediment cores at the base of the MSE. In this study we use geophysical and sedimentological data acquired from the upper MSE and outer Malta Plateau to: (i) map and characterise the dominant forms of mass movements, and (ii) determine the nature and origin of these mass movements, and their role in the evolution of the MSE. We document 67 mass movement scars across 370 km2 of seafloor. Slope instability entailed translational slides, spreads and debris flows that mobilised Plio-Pleistocene outer shelf hemipelagic/pelagic sediments or carbonate sequences across the upper continental slope. Slope failure events are caused by loss of support associated with the formation of channels, gullies, canyon heads and fault-related escarpments. Mass movements play a key role in eroding the seafloor and transferring material to the lower MSE. In particular, they control the extent of headward and lateral extension of submarine canyons, facilitate tributary development, remove material from the continental shelf and slope, and feed sediment and drive its transport across the submarine canyon system.peer-reviewe
Submarine mass movements along a sediment starved margin: the Menorca Channel (Balearic Islands - Western Mediterranean)

Sediment starved passive margins, particularly those of insular slopes,\ud
display significant mass transport activity despite the absence of\ud
environmental stresses from high sedimentation rates. The “Menorca\ud
Channel” represents the up to 120 m deep shelf sector connecting\ud
the Menorca and Mallorca Islands (Balearic Islands – Western\ud
Mediterranean). South of the Menorca Channel submarine gravitational\ud
processes have been mapped and interpreted from swath-bathymetry,\ud
TOPAS parametric echosounder and deep-towed videos. The shelf-break\ud
is located at an average depth of 140 m, and sediment instability is a\ud
widespread phenomenon. The slope region south the Menorca Channel\ud
shows a number of submarine canyons disrupting the outer shelf. The\ud
north-easternmost canyon is the more active feature, with an incised\ud
axis and scars shaping the flanks up to their edges. Headwall scarps,\ud
between 140 and 700 m depth, are up to 20 m high. The shallower\ud
scarps producing slab-type failures have carved the outer edges of\ud
planar sedimentary bodies interpreted as formed in shallow environments\ud
during previous glacial stages. Results show that a variety of sediment\ud
instability processes extensively shape the southern upper slope of the\ud
Menorca Channel. Submarine canyons develop on the Emile Bodout\ud
Escarpment (EBE), a passive tectonic feature which bounds the slope\ud
region of the study area. A number of knickpoints within the canyons\ud
suggest backward erosion control on mass wasting and, at the same\ud
time, that slope failure is one of the main drivers for canyon upslope\ud
migration. Steep gradients of the upper slope, the presence of weak layers\ud
and the action of major storms during lowstand stages are additional\ud
factors likely to influence the distribution and frequency of mass wasting\ud
processes in this area
"Tomography" of the cluster structure of light nuclei via relativistic
  dissociation

These lecture notes present the capabilities of relativistic nuclear physics
for the development of the physics of nuclear clusters. Nuclear track emulsion
continues to be an effective technique for pilot studies that allows one, in
particular, to study the cluster dissociation of a wide variety of light
relativistic nuclei within a common approach. Despite the fact that the
capabilities of the relativistic fragmentation for the study of nuclear
clustering were recognized quite a long time ago, electronic experiments have
not been able to come closer to an integrated analysis of ensembles of
relativistic fragments. The continued pause in the investigation of the "fine"
structure of relativistic fragmentation has led to resumption of regular
exposures of nuclear emulsions in beams of light nuclei produced for the first
time at the Nuclotron of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR,
Dubna). To date, an analysis of the peripheral interactions of relativistic
isotopes of beryllium, boron, carbon and nitrogen, including radioactive ones,
with nuclei of the emulsion composition, has been performed, which allows the
clustering pattern to be presented for a whole family of light nuclei.Comment: ISBN 978-3-319-01076-2. 55 pages, 28 figure
Companions of Stars: From Other Stars to Brown Dwarfs to Planets: The
  Discovery of the First Methane Brown Dwarf

The discovery of the first methane brown dwarf provides a framework for
describing the important advances in both fundamental physics and astrophysics
that are due to the study of companions of stars. I present a few highlights of
the history of this subject along with details of the discovery of the brown
dwarf Gliese 229B. The nature of companions of stars is discussed with an
attempt to avoid biases induced by anthropocentric nomenclature. With the newer
types of remote reconnaissance of nearby stars and their systems of companions,
an exciting and perhaps even more profound set of contributions to science is
within reach in the near future. This includes an exploration of the diversity
of planets in the universe and perhaps soon the first solid evidence for
biological activity outside our Solar System.Comment: 31 pages, 13 figure
Latest news on the Physics of Brown dwarfs

The physics of brown dwarfs has continuously improved since the discovery of
these astrophysical bodies. The first important developments were devoted to
the description of their mechanical structure, with the derivation of an
appropriate equation of state, and the modelling of their atmosphere
characterised by strong molecular absorption. New challenges are arising with
progress in observational techniques which provide data of unprecedented
accuracy. The goal of this chapter is to describe some of the current
challenges for the theory of brown dwarfs. Those challenges concerns
atmospheric dust and cloud, non-equilibrium atmospheric chemistry, the effect
of rotation and magnetic fields on internal structure and the very early phases
of evolution characterised by accretion processes. The field remains lively as
more and more high quality observational data become available and because of
increasing discoveries of exoplanets. Indeed, many physical properties of giant
exoplanets can be described by the same theory as brown dwarfs, as described in
this chapter.Comment: Invited Chapter - "50 Years of Brown Dwarfs", ed. Vicki Joergens,
  Astrophysics and Space Science (final version available on
  http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-319-01162-2
Money, Credit, Capital and the State: On the evolution of money and institutions

This paper combines several important arguments, which have puzzled economic theory for decades, to arrive at a more adequate description of the current global crisis. The main theoretical innovation is to view the long-run economic evolution as a stepwise evolution of money forms. Moreover, as already indicated in the title, this development of money forms is closely linked to the development of social institutions, in particular of state institutions. Capital, the most recent form of money, today has to be understood as an omnipresent algorithm, as a growth imperative implicit in social institutions and internalized models. The task of evolutionary political economy thus will be to provide an adequate theoretical counterpart to mirror these processes. This paper explores how far a careful reconsideration of received economic theory can contribute to this task.
Environmental influence in bio-inspired game level solver algorithms

Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Intelligent Distributed Computing - IDC 2013, Prague, Czech Republic, September 2013The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01571-2-19Bio-inspired algorithms have been widely used to solve problems in areas like heuristic search, classical optimization, or optimum configuration in complex systems. This paper studies how Genetic Algorithms (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) algorithms can be applied to automatically solve levels in the well known Lemmings Game. The main goal of this work is to study the influence that the environment exerts over these algorithms, specially when the goal of the selected game is to save an individual (lemming) that should take into account their environment to improve their possibilities of survival. The experimental evaluations carried out reveals that the performance of the algorithm (i.e. number of paths found) is improve when the algorithm uses a small quantity of information about the environment.This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and
Innovation under grant TIN2010-19872
Development of Modular Compliant Anthropomorphic Robot Hand

The chapter presents the development of a modular compliant robotic hand characterized by the anthropomorphic structure and functionality. The prototype is made based on experience in development of contemporary advanced artificial hands and taking into account the complementary aspects of human bio-mechanics. The robot hand developed in the Institute Mihailo Pupin is called “Pupin hand”. The Pupin hand is developed for research purposes as well as for implementation with service and medical robot devices as an advance robot end-effector. Mechanical design, system identification, modeling and simulation and acquisition of the biological skill of grasping adopted from humans are considered in the chapter. Mechanical structure of the tendon-driven, multi-finger, 23 degrees of freedom compliant robot hand is presented in the chapter. Model of the hand is represented by corresponding multi-body rigid system with the complementary structural elasticity inserted between the particular finger modules. Some characteristic simulation results are given in the chapter in order to validate the chosen design concept. For the purpose of motion capture of human grasping skill, an appropriate experimental setup is prepared. It includes an infrared Kinect camera that combines visual and depth information about objects from the environment. The aim of using the Kinect sensor is to acquire human grasping skill and to map this natural motion to the robotic device. The novelties of the robot hand prototyping beyond to the state-of-the-art are stressed out in the conclusion
Spectral Clustering: interpretation and Gaussian parameter

Spectral clustering consists in creating, from the spectral elements of a Gaussian affinity matrix, a low-dimensional space in which data are grouped into clusters. However, questions about the separability of clusters in the projection space and the choice of the Gaussian parameter remain open. By drawing back to some continuous formulation, we propose an interpretation of spectral clustering with Partial Differential Equations tools which provides clustering properties and defines bounds for the affinity parameter
On the Problem of Error Propagation in classifier chains for multi-label classification

So-called classifier chains have recently been proposed as an appealing method for tackling the multi-label classification task. In this paper, we analyze the influence of a potential pitfall of the learning process, namely the discrepancy between the feature spaces used in training and testing: While true class labels are used as supplementary attributes for training the binary models along the chain, the same models need to rely on estimations of these labels when making a prediction. We provide first experimental results suggesting that the attribute noise thus created can affect the overall prediction performance of a classifier chai
High-order ADI schemes for convection-diffusion equations with mixed
  derivative terms

We present new high-order Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) schemes for
the numerical solution of initial-boundary value problems for
convection-diffusion equations with mixed derivative terms. Our approach is
based on the unconditionally stable ADI scheme proposed by Hundsdorfer.
Different numerical discretizations which lead to schemes which are
fourth-order accurate in space and second-order accurate in time are discussed.Comment: 10 pages. The final publication is available at Springer via
  http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01601-6_1
Multidomain Extension of a Pseudospectral Algorithm for the Direct Simulation of Wall-Confined Rotating Flows

International audienceIn this work, we improve an existing pseudospectral algorithm, in order to extend its properties to a multidomain patching of a rotating cavity. Viscous rotating flows have been widely studied over the last decades, either on industrial or aca-demic approaches. Nevertheless, the range of Reynolds numbers reached in indus-trial devices implies very high resolutions of the spatial problem, which are clearly unreachable using a monodomain approach. Hence, we worked on the multido-main extension of the existing divergence-free Navier-Stokes solver with a Schur approach. The particularity of such an approach is that it does not require any sub-domain superposition: the value of a variable on the boundary between two adjacent subdomains is treated as a boundary condition of a local Helmholtz solver. This value is computed on a direct way via a so-called continuity influence matrix and the derivative jump of an homogeneous solution computed independently on each subdomain. Such a method is known to have both good scalability and accuracy. It has been validated on two well documented three-dimensional rotating flows
Regularizing soft decision trees

Recently, we have proposed a new decision tree family called soft decision trees where a node chooses both its left and right children with different probabilities as given by a gating function, different from a hard decision node which chooses one of the two. In this paper, we extend the original algorithm by introducing local dimension reduction via L-1 and L-2 regularization for feature selection and smoother fitting. We compare our novel approach with the standard decision tree algorithms over 27 classification data sets. We see that both regularized versions have similar generalization ability with less complexity in terms of number of nodes, where L-2 seems to work slightly better than L-1.Publisher's VersionAuthor Post Prin
Uneven key pre-distribution scheme for multi-phase wireless sensor networks

In multi-phase Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), sensor nodes are redeployed periodically to replace nodes whose batteries are depleted. In order to keep the network resilient against node capture attacks across different deployment epochs, called generations, it is necessary to refresh the key pools from which cryptographic keys are distributed. In this paper, we propose Uneven Key Pre-distribution (UKP) scheme that uses multiple different key pools at each generation. Our UKP scheme provides self healing that improves the resiliency of the network at a higher level as compared to an existing scheme in the literature. Moreover, our scheme provides perfect local and global connectivity. We conduct our simulations in mobile environment to see how our scheme performs under more realistic scenarios
NEMESYS: Enhanced Network Security for Seamless Service Provisioning in
  the Smart Mobile Ecosystem

As a consequence of the growing popularity of smart mobile devices, mobile
malware is clearly on the rise, with attackers targeting valuable user
information and exploiting vulnerabilities of the mobile ecosystems. With the
emergence of large-scale mobile botnets, smartphones can also be used to launch
attacks on mobile networks. The NEMESYS project will develop novel security
technologies for seamless service provisioning in the smart mobile ecosystem,
and improve mobile network security through better understanding of the threat
landscape. NEMESYS will gather and analyze information about the nature of
cyber-attacks targeting mobile users and the mobile network so that appropriate
counter-measures can be taken. We will develop a data collection infrastructure
that incorporates virtualized mobile honeypots and a honeyclient, to gather,
detect and provide early warning of mobile attacks and better understand the
modus operandi of cyber-criminals that target mobile devices. By correlating
the extracted information with the known patterns of attacks from wireline
networks, we will reveal and identify trends in the way that cyber-criminals
launch attacks against mobile devices.Comment: Accepted for publication in Proceedings of the 28th International
  Symposium on Computer and Information Sciences (ISCIS'13); 9 pages; 1 figur
Imagination, Embodiment and Situatedness: Using Husserl to Dispel (Some) Notions of 'Off-Line Thinking'

During the long reign of behaviourism, imagination almost disappeared into “the outer darkness of intellectual irrelevance” (Morley 2005: 117). Now, after cognitive science’s early ‘iconophobia’ (Thomas 2007), imagination research has grown into what has been described as a ‘flourishing’ (Chalmers and Bourget 2007) field of investigation. This relatively recent phenomenon happens to coincide, more or less, with the arrival of “a new way of thinking about the mind and things mental that has started to seep out of the ivory tower and set up residence in popular consciousness” (Rowlands 2010: 1) – a way of thinking that is said to be “sweeping the planet” (Adams 2010: 619). What is meant is a new model of the mind, the model of ‘situated cognition’, which I take to comprise ‘embedded’, ‘enactive’,‘embodied’ and/or ‘extended’ theories of cognition. And yet, crossovers between the two exciting developments are rare. Imagination does not lend itself, or so it seems, to a situated account. In what follows I propose that serious challenges notwithstanding, there are also reasons to think that these may not be insurmountable, at least not for all features of imagination. With the help of Husserl’s phenomenological analysis of ‘phantasy’, i.e., sensory imagination, I highlight some of those aspects and begin to show how they might be accommodated by some strands of situated cognition. I begin by laying out the necessary vocabulary and some key coordinates of scope, i.e., of the aim and purview of situated cognition theory and Husserlian phenomenology respectively.status: publishe
Destination, tourism

From a geographic perspective, a destination is a particular place which a tourist plans to visit. Typically, natural and human attractions play a major role in making the choice (Gunn 1988). A destination is different from the tourist’s normal environment. The term is used to describe locations at a range of scales from an individual resort to a city, to a country, or to even a continent. A particular trip begins from an origin, through a transit region, to one or many destinations. It may be visited by tourists on a tour as a first stopover, as a hub for excursions, or as an exit point from a country. Tourists may be first timers or repeat visitors of a destination. The dispersal of tourists across destinations is important in determining their expenditure patterns. Stays may be restricted to an enclave resort area or travel around the core destination and beyond.Full Tex
Taking a Transcendental Stance: Anti-Representationalism and Direct Realism in Kant and Husserl

In this article I initially focus on just one aspect of the complex systematic relation between Kant and Husserl: their notions of sensible representation (sinnliche Vorstellung). In my reading, I agree with realist interpretations of Kant and Husserl, which have been put forward against charges of representationalism in both fields independently from each other. By ‘representationalism’, I mean the construal of mind-world relations as relations between internal representations to external objects. In a second section, I argue that the realism implied by Kant’s and Husserl’s anti-representationalism should not surprise us but rather be expected as integral to the project of transcendental idealism. Obviously, the real task is to provide a coherent and comprehensive understanding of transcendental idealism in both Kant and Husserl given their strong realism. My task in this paper is a smaller one, namely to clarify those aspects of their transcendental idealisms that are directly relevant to their accounts of (sensible) representation.status: publishe