pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Dispersive calculation of complex Regge trajectories for the lightest f_2 resonances and the K^∗(892)

We apply a recently developed dispersive formalism to calculate the Regge trajectories of the f_2(1270), f´_ 2(1525) and K^∗(892) mesons. Trajectories are calculated, not fitted to a family of resonances. Assuming that these resonances can be treated in the elastic approximation, the only input are the pole position and residue of a resonance. In all three cases, the predicted Regge trajectories are almost real and linear, with slopes in agreement with the universal value of order 1 GeV_(−2). We also show how these results barely change when considering more than two subtractions in the dispersive formalism
A sensitive and robust method for the determination of alkylphenol polyethoxylates and their carboxylic acids and their transformation in a trickling filter wastewater treatment plant

This paper presents a method for the determination of alkylphenols, alkylphenol polyethoxylates (APEO) and alkylphenol ethoxycarboxylates (APEC) in the aqueous and particulate phase of wastewater samples. Quantification was achieved by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The sensitivity of the method is demonstrated by low detection limits, in the dissolved phase 1.2 to 9.6 ng L-1 for alkylphenol, AP1-3EO and APEC and 0.1 – 4.1 ng L-1 for longer chain alkylphenol polyethoxylates. The method detection limit for particulate phase samples ranged from 6 to 60 ng g-1 for AP, AP1-3EO and APEC; with the longer chain APEO being from 0.5 – 20 ng g-1. Matrix effects were noted in complex matrix rich samples. There was a distinct change in the distribution of alkylphenol ethoxylates during biological treatment of the wastewater, with the major biotransformation products observed being carboxylated derivatives at concentrations of up to 1768 ng L-1. Shorter chain APEO were present in higher proportions in the suspended solids, due to their higher affinity to particulate matter compared to the long chain oligomers
Search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks and top squarks in proton–proton collisions at View the MathML source

A search for pair production of third-generation scalar leptoquarks and supersymmetric top quark partners, top squarks, in final states involving tau leptons and bottom quarks is presented. The search uses events from a data sample of proton-proton collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC with sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The number of observed events is found to be in agreement with the expected standard model background. Third-generation scalar leptoquarks with masses below 740 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level, assuming a 100% branching fraction for the leptoquark decay to a tau lepton and a bottom quark. In addition, this mass limit applies directly to top squarks decaying via an R-parity violating coupling lambda'[333]. The search also considers a similar signature from top squarks undergoing a chargino-mediated decay involving the R-parity violating coupling lambda'[3jk]. Each top squark decays to a tau lepton, a bottom quark, and two light quarks. Top squarks in this model with masses below 580 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level. The constraint on the leptoquark mass is the most stringent to date, and this is the first search for top squarks decaying via lambda'[3jk]
T cell regulation in microgravity - the current knowledge from in vitro experiments con-ducted in space, parabolic flights and ground-based facilities

Dating back to the Apollo and Skylab missions, it has been reported that astronauts suffered from bacterial and viral infections during space flight or after returning to Earth. Blood analyses revealed strongly reduced capability of human lymphocytes to become active upon mitogenic stimulation. Since then, a large number of in vitro studies on human immune cells have been conducted in space, in parabolic flights, and in ground-based facilities. It became obvious that microgravity affects cell morphology and important cellular functions. Observed changes include cell proliferation, the cytoskeleton, signal transduction and gene expression. This review gives an overview of the current knowledge of T cell regulation under altered gravity conditions obtained by in vitro studies with special emphasis on the cell culture conditions used. We propose that future in vitro experiments should follow rigorous standardized cell culture conditions, which allows better comparison of the results obtained in different flight- and ground-based experiment platforms
INTEGRAL-ISGRI observations of the cygnus OB2 region - Searching for hard X-ray point sources in a region containing several non-thermal emitting massive stars

Aims:We analyze INTEGRAL-ISGRI data in order to probe the hard X-ray emission (above 20 keV) from point sources in the Cyg OB2 region and to investigate the putative non-thermal high-energy emission from early-type stars (Wolf-Rayet and O-type stars). Among the targets located in the field of view, we focus on the still unidentified EGRET source 3EG 2033+4118 that may be related to massive stars known to produce non-thermal emission in the radio domain, and on the wide colliding-wind binary WR 140. 
Methods: Using a large set of data obtained with the IBIS-ISGRI imager onboard INTEGRAL, we run the OSA software package in order to find point sources in the fully coded field of view of the instrument. 
Results: Our data do not allow the detection of a lower-energy counterpart of 3EG J2033+4118 nor of any other new point sources in the field of view, and we derive upper limits on the high-energy flux for a few targets: 3EG J2033+4118, TeV J2032+4130, WR 140, WR 146 and WR 147. The results are discussed in the context of the multiwavelength investigation of these objects. 
Conclusions: The upper limits derived are valuable constraints for models aimed at understanding the acceleration of particles in non-thermal emitting massive stars, and of the still unidentified very-high gamma-ray source TeV J2032+4130.status: publishe
First look at the physics case of TLEP

The discovery by the ATLAS and CMS experiments of a new boson with mass around 125 GeV and with measured properties compatible with those of a Standard-Model Higgs boson, coupled with the absence of discoveries of phenomena beyond the Standard Model at the TeV scale, has triggered interest in ideas for future Higgs factories. A new circular e + e − collider hosted in a 80 to 100 km tunnel, TLEP, is among the most attractive solutions proposed so far. It has a clean experimental environment, produces high luminosity for top-quark, Higgs boson, W and Z studies, accommodates multiple detectors, and can reach energies up to the $$ \mathrm{t}\overline{\mathrm{t}} $$ threshold and beyond. It will enable measurements of the Higgs boson properties and of Electroweak Symmetry-Breaking (EWSB) parameters with unequalled precision, offering exploration of physics beyond the Standard Model in the multi-TeV range. Moreover, being the natural precursor of the VHE-LHC, a 100 TeV hadron machine in the same tunnel, it builds up a long-term vision for particle physics. Altogether, the combination of TLEP and the VHE-LHC offers, for a great cost effectiveness, the best precision and the best search reach of all options presently on the market. This paper presents a first appraisal of the salient features of the TLEP physics potential, to serve as a baseline for a more extensive design study
Towards the minimal renormalizable supersymmetric E 6 model

We find an explicit renormalizable supersymmetric E 6 model with all the ingredients for being realistic. It consists of the Higgs sector $ {351^{\prime }}+\overline{{{351^{\prime }}}}+27+\overline{27} $ , which breaks E 6 directly to the Standard Model gauge group. Three copies of 27 dimensional representations then describe the matter sector, while an extra $ 27+\overline{27} $ pair is needed to successfully split the Standard Model Higgs doublet from the heavy Higgs triplet. We perform the analysis of the vacuum structure and the Yukawa sector of this model, as well as compute contributions to proton decay. Also, we show why some other simpler E 6 models fail to be realistic at the renormalizable level
Residual ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetries and lepton mixing

We consider two novel scenarios of residual symmetries of the lepton mass matrices. Firstly we assume a ℤ2×ℤ2 symmetry Gℓ for the charged-lepton mass matrix and a ℤ2 symmetry Gν for the light neutrino mass matrix. With this setting, the moduli of the elements of one column of the lepton mixing matrix are fixed up to a reordering. One may interchange the roles of Gℓ and Gν in this scenario, thereby constraining a row, instead of a column, of the mixing matrix. Secondly we assume a residual symmetry group Gℓ≅ℤm ( m>2 ) which is generated by a matrix with a doubly-degenerate eigenvalue. Then, with Gν≅ℤ2×ℤ2 the moduli of the elements of a row of the lepton mixing matrix get fixed. Using the library of small groups we have performed a search for groups which may embed Gℓ and Gν in each of these two scenarios. We have found only two phenomenologically viable possibilities, one of them constraining a column and the other one a row of the mixing matrix
Single-valued Hamiltonian via Legendre–Fenchel transformation and time translation symmetry

Under conventional Legendre transformation, systems with a non-convex Lagrangian will result in a multi-valued Hamiltonian as a function of conjugate momentum. This causes problems such as non-unitary time evolution of quantum state and non-determined motion of classical particles, and is physically unacceptable. In this work, we propose a new construction of single-valued Hamiltonian by applying Legendre–Fenchel transformation, which is a mathematically rigorous generalization of conventional Legendre transformation, valid for non-convex Lagrangian systems, but not yet widely known to the physics community. With the new single-valued Hamiltonian, we study spontaneous breaking of time translation symmetry and derive its vacuum state. Applications to theories of cosmology and gravitation are discussed
Upper bounds on gluino, squark and higgisino masses in the focus point gaugino mediation with a mild fine tuning Δ ≤ 100

We show that upper bounds on the masses for gluino, squarks and higgsino are m gluino ≤5 . 5 TeV , m squark ≤ 4 . 7 TeV and m higgsino ≤ 650 GeV in a focus point gaugino mediation. Here, we impose a mild fine tuning Δ ≤ 100. This result shows that it is very challenging for the LHC to exclude the focus point gaugino mediation with the mild fine tuning. However, the ILC may have a potential for excluding the focus point gaugino mediation with such a mild fine tuning. It is also shown that vector-like matters reduce the required masses of the squark (stop) and gluino to explain the observed Higgs boson mass and enhance the testability of the model at the LHC. The fine-tuning is still kept mild
Higgs constraints from vector boson fusion and scattering

We present results on 4-lepton + 2-jet production, the partonic processes most commonly described as vector boson pair production in the Vector Boson Fusion (VBF) mode. This final state contains diagrams that are mediated by Higgs boson exchange. We focus particularly on the high-mass behaviour of the Higgs boson mediated diagrams, which unlike on-shell production, gives information about the Higgs couplings without assumptions on the Higgs boson total width. We assess the sensitivity of the high-mass region to Higgs coupling strengths, considering all vector boson pair channels, W − W + , W ± W ± , W ± Z and ZZ . Because of the small background, the most promising mode is W + W + which has sensitivity to Higgs couplings because of Higgs boson exchange in the t -channel. Using the Caola-Melnikov (CM) method, the off-shell couplings can be interpreted as bounds on the Higgs boson total width. We estimate the bound that can be obtained with current data, as well as the bounds that could be obtained at s = 13 $$ \sqrt{s}=13 $$ TeV in the VBF channel for data samples of 100 and 300 fb −1 . The CM method has already been successfully applied in the gluon fusion (GGF) production channel. The VBF production channel gives important complementary information, because both production and decay of the Higgs boson occur already at tree graph level
Central μ + μ − production via photon-photon fusion in proton-proton collisions with proton dissociation

We present a formalism which uses fluxes of equivalent photons including transverse momenta of the intermediate photons. The formalism reminds the familiar k t -factorization approach used, e.g., to study the two-gluon production of c c ¯ $$ c\overline{c} $$ or b b ¯ $$ b\overline{b} $$ pairs. The results of the new method are compared with those obtained using the code lpair, and a good agreement is obtained. The inclusion of the photon transverse momenta is necessary in studies of correlation observables. We present distributions for the dimuon invariant mass, transverse momentum of the muon pair and relative azimuthal angle between muons separately for elastic-elastic, elastic-inelastic, inelastic-elastic and inelastic-inelastic mechanisms. For typical experimental cuts all mechanisms give similar contributions. The results are shown for different sets of cuts relevant for the LHC experiments. The cross sections in different regions of phase space depend on F 2 structure function in different regions of x and Q 2 . A comment on F 2 is made
On the weak N -dependence of SO(N) and SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions

We consider (continuum) mass ratios of the lightest ‘glueballs’ as a function of N for SO(N) and SU(N) lattice gauge theories in D=2+1 . We observe that the leading large N correction is usually sufficient to describe the N -dependence of SO(N≥3) and SU(N≥2) , within the errors of the numerical calculation. Just as interesting is the fact that the coefficient of this correction almost invariably turns out to be anomalously small, for both SO(N) and SU(N) . We point out that this can follow naturally from the strong constraints that one naively expects from the Lie algebra equivalence between certain SO(N) and SU(N′) theories and the equivalence of SO(∞) and SU(∞) . The same argument for a weak N -dependence can in principle apply to SU(N) and SO(N) gauge theories in D=3+1
E-government and organizational change: reappraising the role of ICT and bureaucracy in public service delivery

There is a substantial literature on e-government that discusses information and communication technology (ICT) as an instrument for reducing the role of bureaucracy in government organizations. The purpose of this paper is to offer a critical discussion of this literature and to provide a complementary argument, which favors the use of ICT in the public sector to support the operations of bureaucratic organizations. Based on the findings of a case study – of the Venice municipality in Italy – the paper discusses how ICT can be used to support rather than eliminate bureaucracy. Using the concepts of e-bureaucracy and functional simplification and closure, the paper proposes evidence and support for the argument that bureaucracy should be preserved and enhanced where e-government policies are concerned. Functional simplification and closure are very valuable concepts for explaining why this should be a viable approach
All the supersymmetric configurations of N = 4, d = 4 supergravity

39 páginas.-- El PDF del artículo es la versión pre-print.All the supersymmetric configurations of pure, ungauged, N=4, d=4 supergravity are classified in a formalism that keeps manifest the S and T dualities of the theory. We also find simple equations that need to be satisfied by the configurations to be classical solutions of the theory. While the solutions associated to null Killing vectors were essentially classified by Tod (a classification that we refine), we find new configurations and solutions associated to timelike Killing vectors that do not satisfy Tod's rigidity hypothesis (hence, they have a nontrivial U(1) connection) and whose supersymmetry projector is associated to 1-dimensional objects (strings), although they have a trivial axion field.This work has been supported in part by the Spanish\ud
grant BFM2003-01090.Peer reviewe
a-Si nanolayer induced enhancement of the 1.53 μm photoluminescence in Er³⁺ doped a-Al₂2O₃ thin films

3 pags. ; 3 figs.A structured film formed by an active Er³⁺-doped amorphous Al₂O₃ layer located between two amorphous silicon nanolayers (NLs) in as-grown conditions shows an enhancement of the photoluminescence (PL) intensity and lifetime at 1.53 μm of one order of magnitude when compared to a similar Er³⁺-doped film without silicon NLs. The film can be pumped even under nonresonant excitation conditions as a result of a long range energy transfer from the a-Si NLs to the Er³⁺ ions. In addition, the PL shows a single exponential decay with a lifetime value as high as 2.4 ms. The lifetime enhancement is associated with an improvement of the emission efficiency of the Er³⁺ ions.This work has been supported by CICYT (Spain) under Project No. TEC2006-04538-MIC.Peer reviewe
Relativistic Description of 3He (e, e′ p)2H

The relativistic distorted-wave impulse approximation is used to describe the 3He(e, e′ p)2H process. We describe the 3He nucleus within the adiabatic hyperspherical expansion method with realistic nucleon-nucleon interactions. The overlap between the 3He and the deuteron wave functions can be accurately computed from a three-body calculation. The nucleons are described by solutions of the Dirac equation with scalar and vector (S-V) potentials. The wave function of the outgoing proton is obtained by solving the Dirac equation with a S-V optical potential fitted to elastic proton scattering data on the residual nucleus. Within this theoretical framework, we compute the cross section of the reaction and other observables like the transverse-longitudinal asymmetry, and compare them with the available experimental data measured at JLab. © 2010 Springer-Verlag.This work was partly supported by funds provided by DGI of MEC (Spain) under Contracts No. FPA2007- 62216, FIS2008-01301 and the Spanish Consolider-Ingenio programme CPAN (Programme No. CSD2007-00042). R.A.R. and J.R.V. acknowledge support by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) under the >Juan de la Cierva> programmePeer Reviewe
Optically active Er-Yb doped glass films prepared by pulsed laser deposition

Active rare-earth Er3+-Yb3+ co-doped phosphate glass films are produced in a single step by pulsed laser deposition. The films are multimode waveguides and exhibit the highest refractive index, optical density and 1.54 μm photoluminescence intensity and lifetime when deposited at low oxygen pressure (POX≤4×10-5 Torr). The density of the films obtained under these conditions is higher than that of the target material as a consequence of the high kinetic energy of the species generated during ablation. Luminescent emission can be excited by optical pumping the Er3+ ions either directly or through cross-relaxation of the Yb3+. Post-deposition annealing allows us to improve the luminescence performance. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewe
The impact of trench defects in InGaN/GaN light emitting diodes and implications for the "green gap" problem

The impact of trench defects in blue InGaN/GaN light emitting diodes (LEDs) has been investigated. Two mechanisms responsible for the structural degradation of the multiple quantum well (MQW) active region were identified. It was found that during the growth of the p-type GaN capping layer, loss of part of the active region enclosed within a trench defect occurred, affecting the top-most QWs in the MQW stack. Indium platelets and voids were also found to form preferentially at the bottom of the MQW stack. The presence of high densities of trench defects in the LEDs was found to relate to a significant reduction in photoluminescence and electroluminescence emission efficiency, for a range of excitation power densities and drive currents. This reduction in emission efficiency was attributed to an increase in the density of non-radiative recombination centres within the MQW stack, believed to be associated with the stacking mismatch boundaries which form part of the sub-surface structure of the trench defects. Investigation of the surface of green-emitting QW structures found a two decade increase in the density of trench defects, compared to its blue-emitting counterpart, suggesting that the efficiency of green-emitting LEDs may be strongly affected by the presence of these defects. Our results are therefore consistent with a model that the "green gap" problem might relate to localized strain relaxation occurring through defects
The psychology of health and well-being in mass gatherings : a review and a research agenda

Funding: ESRC (UK) research grant ‘Collective participation and social identification: A study of the individual, interpersonal and collective dimensions of attendance at the Magh Mela’ (RES-062-23-1449).Mass gatherings bring large numbers of people into physical proximity. Typically, this physical proximity has been assumed to contribute to ill health (e.g., through being stressful, facilitating infection transmission, etc.). In this paper, we add a new dimension to the emerging field of mass gatherings medicine. Drawing on psychological research concerning group processes, we consider the psychological transformations that occur when people become part of a crowd. We then consider how these transformations may have various consequences for health and well-being. Some of these consequences may be positive. For example, a sense of shared identity amongst participants may encourage participants to view others as a source of social support which in turn contributes to a sense of health and well-being. However, some consequences may be negative. Thus, this same sense of shared identity may result in a loss of disgust at the prospect of sharing resources (e.g., drinking utensils) which could, in turn, facilitate infection transmission. These, and related issues, are illustrated with research conducted at the Magh Mela (North India). We conclude with an agenda for future research concerning health practices at mass gatherings.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Signatures of material and optical chirality:Origins and measures

Chirality in materials and light is of abiding interest across a broad range of scientific disciplines. This article discusses present and emerging issues in relation to molecular and optical chirality, also including some important developments in chiral metamaterials. Quantifying the chirality of matter or light leads to issues concerning the most appropriate measures, such as a helicity parameter for specific chiral chromophores and technical measures of light chirality. An optical helicity and chirality density depend on a difference between the numbers of left- and right-handed photons in a beam. In connection with circularly polarized luminescence, adoption of the Stokes parameter to spontaneous emission from chiral molecules invites critical attention. Modern spectroscopic techniques are often based on the different response arising from left-handed circularly polarized light compared to right-handed light. This dissimilarity can be exploited as a foundation for the separation of chiral molecules, promising new avenues of application