pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Nearly Kähler heterotic compactifications with fermion condensates

We revisit AdS 4 heterotic compactifications on nearly Kähler manifolds in the presence of H-flux and certain fermion condensates. Unlike previous studies, we do not assume the vanishing of the supersymmetry variations. Instead we determine the full equations of motion originating from the ten-dimensional action, and subsequently we provide explicit solutions to them on nearly Kähler manifolds at first order in α'. The Bianchi identity is also taken into account in order to guarantee the absence of all anomalies. In the presence of H-flux, which is identified with the torsion of the internal space, as well as of fermion condensates in the gaugino and dilatino sectors, new solutions are determined. These solutions provide a full classification of consistent backgrounds of heterotic supergravity under our assumptions. All the new solutions are non-supersymmetric, while previously known supersymmetric ones are recovered too. Our results indicate that fully consistent (supersymmetric or not) heterotic vacua on nearly Kähler manifolds are scarce, even on AdS 4, and they can be completely classified.DFG/EXC/QUESTHeisenberg-Landau programRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchDFG/SFB-Transregio/TR33EU/PITN-GA-2009-23792
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the infuence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca

The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain?s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of ?mind-expansion? frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs
Measurement of the tt production cross section in pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with lepton + jets final states

A measurement of the t t-bar production cross section in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is presented. The results are based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns collected by the CMS detector at the LHC. Selected events are required to have one isolated, high transverse momentum electron or muon, large missing transverse energy, and hadronic jets, at least one of which must be consistent with origination from a b quark. The measured cross section is 158.1 +/- 2.1 (stat.) +/- 10.2 (syst.) +/- 3.5 (lum.) pb, in agreement with standard model predictions
MOM19, an import receptor for mitochondrial precursor proteins

We have identified a 19 kd protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM19). Monospecific IgG and Fab fragments directed against MOM19 inhibit import of precursor proteins destined for the various mitochondrial subcompartments, including porin, cytochrome c1, Fe/S protein, F0 ATPase subunit 9, and F1 ATPase subunit β. Inhibition occurs at the level of high affinity binding of precursors to mitochondria. Consistent with previous functional studies that suggested the existence of distinct import sites for ADP/ATP carrier and cytochrome c, we find that import of those precursors is not inhibited. We conclude that MOM19 is identical to, or closely associated with, a specific mitochondrial import receptor.
Measurement of the jet radius and transverse momentum dependence of inclusive jet suppression in lead-lead collitions at root(sNN) = 2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector

ATLAS Collaboration Contributor: Paul Douglas Jackson of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford CA, United States of America.Measurements of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions at the LHC provide direct sensitivity to the physics of jet quenching. In a sample of lead–lead collisions at √(sNN) = 2.76 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 7 μb⁻¹, ATLAS has measured jets with a calorimeter system over the pseudorapidity interval |η|<2.1|η|<2.1 and over the transverse momentum range 38<pT<210 GeV38<pT<210 GeV. Jets were reconstructed using the anti-ktkt algorithm with values for the distance parameter that determines the nominal jet radius of R=0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5. The centrality dependence of the jet yield is characterized by the jet “central-to-peripheral ratio,” RCPRCP. Jet production is found to be suppressed by approximately a factor of two in the 10% most central collisions relative to peripheral collisions. RCPRCP varies smoothly with centrality as characterized by the number of participating nucleons. The observed suppression is only weakly dependent on jet radius and transverse momentum. These results provide the first direct measurement of inclusive jet suppression in heavy ion collisions and complement previous measurements of dijet transverse energy imbalance at the LHC.ATLAS Collaboratio
Radio and X-ray study of two multi-shell supernova remnants: Kes 79 and G352.7-0.1

Aims. We investigate two multi-shell galactic supernova remnants (SNRs), Kes 79, and G352.7−0.1, to understand the causes of this morphology. Methods. The research was carried out based on new and reprocessed archival VLA observations and XMM-Newton archival data. The surrounding gas was investigated based on data extracted from the HI Canadian Galactic Plane Survey, the 13CO Galactic Ring
Survey, and the HI Southern Galactic Plane Survey. Results. The present study infers that the overall morphology of both SNRs is the result of the mass-loss history of their respective progenitor stars. Kes 79 is likely to be the product of the gravitational collapse of a massive O9 star evolving near a molecular cloud
and within the precursor’s wind-driven bubble, while G352.7−0.1 should be the result of interactions of the SNR with an asymmetric wind from the progenitor together with projection effects. No radio point source or pulsar wind nebula was found to be associated with the X-ray pulsar CXOU J185238.6+004020 in Kes 79. The X-ray study of G352.7−0.1 found that most of the thermal X-ray radiation completely fills the interior of the remnant and originates in heated ejecta. Characteristic parameters, such as radio flux, radio spectral index, age, distance, shock velocity, initial energy, and luminosity, were estimated for both SNRs.Fil: Giacani, Elsa Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Smith, M. J. S.. Agencia Espacial Europea. XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre; EspañaFil: Dubner, Gloria Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Loiseau, N.. Agencia Espacial Europea. XMM-Newton Science Operations Centre; Españ
Sequence variant at 4q25 near PITX2 associates with appendicitis

Appendicitis is one of the most common conditions requiring acute surgery and can pose a threat to the lives of affected individuals. We performed a genome-wide association study of appendicitis in 7,276 Icelandic and 1,139 Dutch cases and large groups of controls. In a combined analysis of the Icelandic and Dutch data, we detected a single signal represented by an intergenic variant rs2129979 [G] close to the gene PITX2 associating with increased risk of appendicitis (OR = 1.15, P = 1.8 × 10−11). We only observe the association in patients diagnosed in adulthood. The marker is close to, but distinct from, a set of markers reported to associate with atrial fibrillation, which have been linked to PITX2. PITX2 has been implicated in determination of right-left symmetry during development. Anomalies in organ arrangement have been linked to increased prevalence of gastrointestinal and intra-abdominal complications, which may explain the effect of rs2129979 on appendicitis risk.Peer Reviewe
Tuberculosis stigma as a social determinant of health :
                    a systematic mapping review of research in low incidence countries

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, and is not altered, transformed, or built upon in any way. ??2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases.Tuberculosis (TB)-related stigma is an important social determinant of health. Research generally highlights how stigma can have a considerable impact on individuals and communities, including delays in seeking health care and adherence to treatment. There is scant research into the assessment of TB-related stigma in low incidence countries. This study aimed to systematically map out the research into stigma. A particular emphasis was placed on the methods employed to measure stigma, the conceptual frameworks used to understand stigma, and whether structural factors were theorized. Twenty-two studies were identified; the majority adopted a qualitative approach and aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs about TB. Few studies included stigma as a substantive topic. Only one study aimed to reduce stigma. A number of studies suggested that TB control measures and representations of migrants in the media reporting of TB were implicated in the production of stigma. The paucity of conceptual models and theories about how the social and structural determinants intersect with stigma was apparent. Future interventions to reduce stigma, and measurements of effectiveness, would benefit from a stronger theoretical underpinning in relation to TB stigma and the intersection between the social and structural determinants of health
"Are the 'others' coming?" Evidence on 'alien conspiracy' from three illegal markets in Greece

In the early 1990s Greece accepted a large number of immigrants from a variety of contexts. Since then 'organised criminality' has become an important aspect of the immigration nexus in the country, and ethnicity has been viewed as an extremely important-if not the primary–explanatory variable. Simultaneously, there has been very little empirical research on 'organised crime' in Greece in general and 'organised crime' and ethnicity in particular. The purpose of this article, which is based on previous research that the author has conducted on three illegal markets in Greece (a. migrant smuggling business, b. the cigarette black market, and c. the market of stolen cars and car parts), is to show the extent to which these illegal markets are controlled by foreign nationals, and establish whether there is such thing as an 'alien conspiracy' in the particular country
q-Poincar´e supersymmetry in AdS5/CF T4

We consider the exact S-matrix governing the planar spectral problem for strings on AdS5×\ud
S\ud
5 and N = 4 super Yang-Mills, and we show that it is invariant under a novel “boost”\ud
symmetry, which acts as a differentiation with respect to the particle momentum. This\ud
generator leads us also to reinterpret the usual centrally extended psu(2|2) symmetry, and\ud
to conclude that the S-matrix is invariant under a q-Poincar´e supersymmetry algebra, where\ud
the deformation parameter is related to the ’t Hooft coupling. We determine the twoparticle\ud
action (coproduct) that turns out to be non-local, and study the property of the\ud
new symmetry under crossing transformations. We look at both the strong-coupling (large\ud
tension in the string theory) and weak-coupling (spin-chain description of the gauge theory)\ud
limits; in the former regime we calculate the cobracket utilising the universal classical rmatrix\ud
of Beisert and Spill. In the eventuality that the boost has higher partners, we also\ud
construct a quantum affine version of 2D Poincar´e symmetry, by contraction of the quantum\ud
affine algebra Uq(slc2) in Drinfeld’s second realisation
Implementation of an End-to-End Standards-based Patient Monitoring Solution

A proof-of-concept design of a patient monitoring solution for intensive care unit environments has been presented. It is end-to-end standard-based, using ISO/IEEE 11073 (X73) in the bedside environment and EN13606 to communicate the information to an electronic healthcare record (EHR) server. At the bedside end, the system is a plug-and-play sensor network communicating with a gateway that collects medical information and sends the data to a monitoring server. The monitoring server transforms this information into an EN13606 extract to be stored on the EHR server. The system has been implemented to comply with the last X73 and EN13606 available versions and tested in a laboratory environment to demonstrate the feasibility of an end-to-end standard-based solution
Dynamic analysis of a floating vertical axis wind turbine under emergency shutdown using hydrodynamic brake

Emergency shutdown is always a challenge for an operating vertical axis wind turbine. A 5-MW vertical axis wind turbine
with a Darrieus rotor mounted on a semi-submersible support structure was examined in this study. Coupled non-linear
aero-hydro-servo-elastic simulations of the floating vertical axis wind turbine were carried out for emergency shutdown
cases over a range of environmental conditions based on correlated wind and wave data. When generator failure happens,
a brake should be applied to stop the acceleration of the rotor to prevent the rotor from overspeeding and subsequent
disaster. In addition to the traditional mechanical brake, a novel hydrodynamic brake was presented to apply to the
shutdown case. The effects of the hydrodynamic brake on the platform motions and structural loads under normal
operating conditions and during the emergency shutdown events were evaluated. The use of both the hydrodynamic brake
and mechanical brake was also investigated. The application of the hydrodynamic brake is expected to be efficient for
rotor shutdown and for reducing the platform motions and structural loads.© 2014 Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/)
Alleviating the non-ultralocality of the AdS5 ??S5 superstring

We generalize the initial steps of the Faddeev-Reshetikhin procedure to the AdS5 ??S5 superstring theory. Specifically, we propose a modification of the Poisson bracket whose alleviated non-ultralocality enables to write down a lattice Poisson algebra for the Lax matrix. We then show that the dynamics of the Pohlmeyer reduction of the AdS5 ?? S5 superstring can be naturally reproduced with respect to this modified Poisson bracket. This work generalizes the alleviation procedure recently developed for symmetric space ??- models. It also shows that the lattice Poisson algebra recently obtained for the AdS5 ??S5 semi-symmetric space sine-Gordon theory coincides with the one obtained by the alleviation procedure
Endogenous Capital Market Imperfection, Informal Interest Rate Determination and International Factor mobility in a General Equilibrium Model

This paper makes a pioneering attempt to provide a theory of determination of interest rate in the informal credit market in a less developed economy in terms of a three-sector static deterministic general equilibrium model. There are two informal sectors which obtain production loans from a monopolistic moneylender and employ labour from the informal labour market. On the other hand, the formal sector employs labour at an institutionally fixed wage rate and takes loans from the competitive formal credit market. We show that an inflow of foreign capital and/or an emigration of labour raises (lowers) the informal (formal) interest rate but lowers the competitive wage rate in the informal labour market when the informal manufacturing sector is more capital-intensive vis-à-vis the informal agricultural sector. International factor mobility, therefore, raises the degrees of distortions in both the factor markets in this case.
Stereoselective Disposition of S- and R-Licarbazepine in Mice

The stereoselective disposition of S-licarbazepine (S-Lic) and R-licarbazepine
(R-Lic) was investigated in plasma, brain, liver, and kidney tissues after their
individual administration (350 mg/kg) to mice by oral gavage. Plasma, brain, liver, and
kidney concentrations of licarbazepine enantiomers and their metabolites were determined
over the time by a validated chiral HPLC-UV method. The mean concentration
data, attained at each time point, were analyzed using a non-compartmental model. S-Lic
and R-Lic were rapidly absorbed from gastrointestinal tract of mouse and immediately
distributed to tissues supplied with high blood flow rates. Both licarbazepine enantiomers
were metabolized to a small extent, each parent compound being mainly responsible
for the systemic and tissue drug exposure. The stereoselectivity in the metabolism
and distribution of S- and R-Lic was easily identified. An additional metabolite was
detected following R-Lic administration and S-Lic showed a particular predisposition for
hepatic and renal accumulation. Stereoselective processes were also identified at the
blood–brain barrier, with the brain exposure to S-Lic almost twice that of R-Lic. Another
finding, reported here for the first time, was the ability of the mouse to perform the chiral
inversion of S- and R-Lic, albeit to a small extent
Magmatic differentiation in the calc-alkaline Khalkhab–Neshveh pluton,\ud
Central Iran

Geochemical and isotopic data (Sr, Nd) are presented for the Khalkhab–Neshveh pluton, an E-W elongated\ud
body of quartz monzogabbro, quartz monzodiorite, granodiorite and granite in the Urumieh–\ud
Dokhtar magmatic arc of Central Iran. The plutonic rocks are medium- to high-K, metaluminous, and\ud
I-type, with 52–71 wt.% SiO2. The geochemistry shows smooth differentiation trends in which most\ud
major elements (except Al2O3, K2O and Na2O) are negatively correlated with SiO2; K2O, Ba, Rb, Ce, Nb,\ud
and Zr are positively correlated. Na2O, Sr, Eu and Y follow curves that are not considered to represent\ud
simple mixing between mafic and felsic magmas, but reflect crystal fractionation of clinopyroxene,\ud
plagioclase and hornblende. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios (~0.7047) and eNdt values (~+3.0) are essentially\ud
constant, and the large volume of quartz monzogabbros compared to granites, as well as the lack of mafic\ud
enclaves in more evolved rocks, are also indicative of crystal fractionation rather than mixing of magmas\ud
from different sources. Clinopyroxene fractionation was the main control in the evolution of the magmas\ud
up to 55% SiO2; hornblende took over from 55 wt.%, resulting in decreasing Dy/Yb with increasing silica\ud
content in the most siliceous rocks. Sr concentration increases up to 55% SiO2, and then decreases\ud
together with CaO, Al2O3, Na2O. Fractionation of opaque minerals and apatite throughout the sequence,\ud
and the continuous increase in K2O and Ba vs. SiO2 reflect the absence of significant fractionation of biotite\ud
and K-feldspar. Based on geochemical and isotope data, geophysics information and field studies, it\ud
seems that suturing of the Arabia and Iran plates caused the Khalkhab and Koush nousrat faults with leftlateral\ud
strike-slip in the Urumieh–Dokhtar region, and generated a purely tensional T space at 32º to the\ud
faults which was exploited by the emplacement of Khalkhab–Neshveh pluton
Discovery of very high energy gamma-rays from the blazar S5 0716+714\ud

The MAGIC Collaboration reports the detection of the blazar S5 0716+714 (z = 0.31 +/- 0.08) in very high energy gamma rays. The observations were performed in 2007 November and in 2008 April, and were triggered by the Kungliga Vetenskapliga Akademi telescope due to the high optical state of the object. An overall significance of the signal accounts to S = 5.8 sigma for 13.1 hr of data. Most of the signal (S = 6.9 sigma) comes from the 2008 April data sample during a higher optical state of the object suggesting a possible correlation between the Very High Energy gamma-ray and optical emissions. The differential energy spectrum of the 2008 data sample follows a power law with a photon index of G = 3.45 +/- 0.54(stat) +/- 0.2(syst), and the integral flux above 400 GeV is at the level of (7.5 +/- 2.2(stat) +/- 2.3(syst)) x 10(-12) cm(-2) s(-1), corresponding to a 9% Crab Nebula flux. Modeling of the broadband spectral energy distribution indicates that a structured jet model appears to be more promising in describing the available data than a simple one-zone synchrotron self-Compton model.\u
Ionization in atmospheres of brown dwarfs and extrasolar planets VI : properties of large-scale discharge events

Funding European Community FP7 ERC starting grant. Physics Trust of the University of St Andrews.Mineral clouds in substellar atmospheres play a special role as a catalyst for a variety of charge processes. If clouds are charged, the surrounding environment becomes electrically activated, and ensembles of charged grains are electrically discharging (e.g., by lightning), which significantly influences the local chemistry creating conditions similar to those thought responsible for life in early planetary atmospheres. We note that such lightning discharges contribute also to the ionization state of the atmosphere. We apply scaling laws for electrical discharge processes from laboratory measurements and numerical experiments to DRIFT-PHOENIX model atmosphere results to model the discharge's propagation downward (as lightning) and upward (as sprites) through the atmospheric clouds. We evaluate the spatial extent and energetics of lightning discharges. The atmospheric volume affected (e.g., by increase of temperature or electron number) is larger in a brown dwarf atmosphere (10^8-10^10 m3) than in a giant gas planet (10^4-10^6 m3). Our results suggest that the total dissipated energy in one event is <10^12 J for all models of initial solar metallicity. First attempts to show the influence of lightning on the local gas phase indicate an increase of small carbohydrate molecules like CH and CH2 at the expense of CO and CH4. Dust-forming molecules are destroyed and the cloud particle properties are frozen in unless enough time is available for complete evaporation. We summarize instruments potentially suitable to observe lightning on extrasolar objects.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
A new Lenstra-type Algorithm for Quasiconvex Polynomial Integer
  Minimization with Complexity 2^O(n log n)

We study the integer minimization of a quasiconvex polynomial with
quasiconvex polynomial constraints. We propose a new algorithm that is an
improvement upon the best known algorithm due to Heinz (Journal of Complexity,
2005). This improvement is achieved by applying a new modern Lenstra-type
algorithm, finding optimal ellipsoid roundings, and considering sparse
encodings of polynomials. For the bounded case, our algorithm attains a
time-complexity of s (r l M d)^{O(1)} 2^{2n log_2(n) + O(n)} when M is a bound
on the number of monomials in each polynomial and r is the binary encoding
length of a bound on the feasible region. In the general case, s l^{O(1)}
d^{O(n)} 2^{2n log_2(n) +O(n)}. In each we assume d>= 2 is a bound on the total
degree of the polynomials and l bounds the maximum binary encoding size of the
input.Comment: 28 pages, 10 figure