pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the production cross section of jets in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at â\u88\u9as=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the production of jets of particles in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at â\u88\u9as=7 TeV are presented, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb-1 collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Inclusive and differential jet cross sections in Z events, with Z decaying into electron or muon pairs, are measured for jets with transverse momentum p T > 30 GeV and rapidity |y| < 4.4. The results are compared to next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations, and to predictions from different Monte Carlo generators based on leading-order and next-to-leading-order matrix elements supplemented by parton showers. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] Â© 2013 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration
Moss stable isotopes (carbon-13, oxygen-18) and testate amoebae reflect environmental inputs and microclimate along a latitudinal gradient on the Antarctic Peninsula

The stable isotope compositions of moss tissue water (δ2H and δ18O) and cellulose (δ13C and δ18O), and testate amoebae populations were sampled from 61 contemporary surface samples along a 600-km latitudinal gradient of the Antarctic Peninsula (AP) to provide a spatial record of environmental change. The isotopic composition of moss tissue water represented an annually integrated precipitation signal with the expected isotopic depletion with increasing latitude. There was a weak, but significant, relationship between cellulose δ18O and latitude, with predicted source water inputs isotopically enriched compared to measured precipitation. Cellulose δ13C values were dependent on moss species and water content, and may reflect site exposure to strong winds. Testate amoebae assemblages were characterised by low concentrations and taxonomic diversity, with Corythion dubium and Microcorycia radiata types the most cosmopolitan taxa. The similarity between the intra- and inter-site ranges measured in all proxies suggests that microclimate and micro-topographical conditions around the moss surface were important determinants of proxy values. Isotope and testate amoebae analyses have proven value as palaeoclimatic, temporal proxies of climate change, whereas this study demonstrates that variations in isotopic and amoeboid proxies between microsites can be beyond the bounds of the current spatial variability in AP climate
Associated production of a top-quark pair with vector bosons at NLO in QCD: impact on t t ¯ H $$ mathrm{t}overline{mathrm{t}}mathrm{H} $$ searches at the LHC

We study the production of a top-quark pair in association with one and two vector bosons, tt¯Vtt¯V and tt¯VVtt¯VV with V = γ, Z, W ±, at the LHC. We provide predictions at next-to-leading order in QCD for total cross sections and top-quark charge asymmetries as well as for differential distributions. A thorough discussion of the residual theoretical uncertainties related to missing higher orders and to parton distribution functions is presented. As an application, we calculate the total cross sections for this class of processes (together with tt¯Htt¯H and tt¯tt¯tt¯tt¯ production) at hadron colliders for energies up to 100 TeV. In addition, by matching the NLO calculation to a parton shower, we determine the contribution of tt¯Vtt¯V and tt¯VVtt¯VV to final state signatures (two-photon and two-same-sign-, three-and four-lepton) relevant for tt¯Htt¯H analyses at the Run II of the LHC
Study of W boson production in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV

The first study of W boson production in pPb collisions is presented, for bosons decaying to a muon or electron, and a neutrino. The measurements are based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34.6 inverse nanobarns at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment. The W boson differential cross sections, lepton charge asymmetry, and forward-backward asymmetries are measured for leptons of transverse momentum exceeding 25 GeV, and as a function of the lepton pseudorapidity in the abs(eta[lab]) < 2.4 range. Deviations from the expectations based on currently available parton distribution functions are observed, showing the need for including W boson data in nuclear parton distribution global fits
Analysis of As/GaAs quantum dot solar cells using Suns-Voc measurements

The performance of InAs/GaAs quantum dot solar cells was investigated up to an optical concentration of 500-suns. A high temperature spacer layer between successive layers of quantum dots was used to reduce the degradation in the open circuit voltage relative to a control device without quantum dots. This improvement is explained using optical data while structural imaging of quantum dot stacks confirm that the devices are not limited by strain. The evolution of the open circuit voltage as a function of number of suns concentration was observed to be nearly ideal when compared with a high performance single junction GaAs solar cell. Analysis of Suns-Voc measurements reveal diode ideality factors as low as 1.16 which is indicative of a low concentration of defects in the devices
Indirect effects of supersymmetric triplets in stop decays

We study an extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model with a zero hypercharge triplet, and the effect that such a particle has on stop decays. This model has the capability of predicting a 125.5 GeV Higgs even in the presence of light stops and it can modify the diphoton rate by means of the extra charged fermion triplet coupled to the Higgs. Working in the limit where the scalar triplet decouples, and with small values of m A , we find that the fermion triplet can greatly affect the branching ratios of the stops, even in the absence of a direct stop-triplet coupling. We compare the triplet extension with the MSSM and discuss how the additional fields affect the search for stop pair production
On quantization of AdS 3 gravity I: semi-classical analysis

In this work we explore ideas in quantizing AdS 3 Einstein gravity. We start with the most general solution to the 3d gravity theory which respects Brown-Henneaux boundary conditions. These solutions are specified by two holomorphic functions and satisfy simple superposition rule. These geometries generically have a bifurcate Killing horizon (with a noncompact or not simply connected bifurcation curve) which is not an event horizon. Nonetheless, there are superpositions of these geometries which have event horizon. We propose to view these geometries as “semiclassical fuzzball microstates” of BTZ black holes appearing as superposition of these geometries. The details of quantization of these semiclassical microstates will be discussed in an upcoming work
Anisotropic plasma at finite U(1) chemical potential

We present a type IIB supergravity solution dual to a spatially anisotropic N $$ \mathcal{N} $$ =4 super Yang-Mills plasma at finite U(1) chemical potential and finite temperature. The effective five-dimensional gravitational theory is a consistent Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-Axion truncation of the gauged supergravity. We obtain the solutions both numerically and analytically. We study the phase structure and thermodynamic instabilities of the solution, and find new instabilities independent of the renormalization scheme
Topology and Phase Transitions II. Theorem on a necessary relation

In this second paper, we prove a necessity Theorem about the topological
origin of phase transitions. We consider physical systems described by smooth
microscopic interaction potentials V_N(q), among N degrees of freedom, and the
associated family of configuration space submanifolds {M_v}_{v \in R}, with
M_v={q \in R^N | V_N(q) \leq v}. On the basis of an analytic relationship
between a suitably weighed sum of the Morse indexes of the manifolds {M_ v}_{v
\in R} and thermodynamic entropy, the Theorem states that any possible unbound
growth with N of one of the following derivatives of the configurational
entropy S^{(-)}(v)=(1/N) \log \int_{M_v} d^Nq, that is of |\partial^k
S^{(-)}(v)/\partial v^k|, for k=3,4, can be entailed only by the weighed sum of
Morse indexes.
  Since the unbound growth with N of one of these derivatives corresponds to
the occurrence of a first or of a second order phase transition, and since the
variation of the Morse indexes of a manifold is in one-to-one correspondence
with a change of its topology, the Main Theorem of the present paper states
that a phase transition necessarily stems from a topological transition in
configuration space. The proof of the Theorem given in the present paper cannot
be done without Main Theorem of paper I
Optimized and validated spectrophotometric methods for the determination of levocetirizine in pharmaceuticals based on charge transfer reaction.

Three rapid, selective, and sensitive spectrophotometric methods were proposed for the quant. detn. of levocetirizine dihydrochloride (LCT) in pure form as well as in its pharmaceutical formulation.  The methods are based on the charge transfer complexation reaction of LCT as n-electron donor with 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), picric acid (PA) as Ï€-acceptors and iodine (I2) as Ïƒ-acceptor to give highly colored radical anion species.  The colored products were quantified spectrophotometrically at 420 nm with both DNP (method A) and PA (method B) and at 375 nm with I2 (method C).  Under the optimized exptl. conditions, Beer's law is obeyed over the concn. ranges of 1.2-24, 1.6-32 and 2.4-48 Î¼g mL-1 LCZ for method A, method B and method C, resp.  The values of molar absorptivity, Sandell sensitivity, limits of detection and quantification are also reported.  The effect of reaction medium, reaction time and reagent concn. on the sensitivity and stability of the complexes formed was examd.  The proposed methods were successfully applied to the detn. of LCT in pure form and com. tablets and in syrup with good accuracy and precision.  Statistical comparison of the results was performed using Student's t-test and F-ratio at 95% confidence level and the results showed no significant difference between the ref. and proposed methods with regard to accuracy and precision.  Further to the accuracy and reliability the methods were confirmed by recovery studies via the std. addn. technique. [on SciFinder(R)
Paleoecological and paleoenvironmental changes during the continental Middle–Late Permian transition at the SE Iberian Ranges, Spain

The Middle and Late Permian are characterized by a pair of mass-extinction events that are recorded in both marine and continental environments. Here, we present the first continental western peri-Tethyan record of an extinction event located in the Middle–Late interval. In the SE Iberian Ranges, Central Spain, the transition between the Lower and Middle subunits of the Middle Permian Alcotas Formation indicates a significant paleoclimatic change from arid and semiarid conditions towards more humid conditions. Coincident with the onset of humid conditions there were changes in the sedimentology, mineralogy, and geochemistry that indicate significant environmental changes including a shift in weathering intensity and a change of fluvial style from braided to meandering systems. Near the top of the Middle Subunit, a local biotic crisis is recorded by palynomorph assemblages. Following this crisis, there is a total absence of coal beds, plant remains, and microflora that defines a barren zone in the uppermost part of the Alcotas Formation which is recorded throughout the basin. The barren zone is accompanied by a shift back to braided stream systems, but not by a return to carbonate-bearing paleosols indicative of arid or semi-arid conditions. This combination of features is consistent with other Middle–Late continental basins related with mass extinctions, so the barren zone is interpreted as the extinction interval. The regional character of the extinction interval and its proximity with the Middle–Late Permian transition could be related with the global mid-Capitanian biotic turnover described in this period of time in other marine basins. However, the common difficulties of dating with precision non-marine rocks make this relationship difficult to probe in the Iberian Basin and in other Middle–Late Permian basins. Further work, including high resolution carbon-isotope analyses and complete studies of the magnetostratigraphy, should be desirable in order to obtain a better age constraint and to produce reliable comparisons with marine sections.Peer reviewe
Search for low-scale gravity signatures in multi-jet final states with the ATLAS detector at root s=8 TeV

A search for evidence of physics beyond the Standard Model in final states with multiple high-transverse-momentum jets is performed using 20.3 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data at root s = 8TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. No significant excess of events beyond Standard Model expectations is observed, and upper limits on the visible cross sections for non-Standard Model production of multi-jet final states are set. A wide variety of models for black hole and string ball production and decay are considered, and the upper limit on the cross section times acceptance is as low as 0.16 fb at the 95% confidence level. For these models, excluded regions are also given as function of the main model parameters.<p>ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP07(2015)032</p><p>Funding:We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.</p
Petrogenesis of OIB-like basaltic volcanic rocks in a continental collision zone : Late Cenozoic magmatism of Eastern Iran.

Hundreds of compositionally diverse volcanoes have erupted on the Turkish–Iranian Plateau in the last 15 Myr, attributed to one or more of the processes of Middle Miocene Tethyan slab break-off, localised lithospheric delamination and small-scale convection. Magmatism post-dates the initial Late Eocene or Early Oligocene Arabia–Eurasia collision by >10 Myr. By contrast, in the east of the plateau in Eastern Iran there has been intermittent magmatism from the Late Oligocene to the Quaternary. Magma types include alkali basalt flows and scoria cones and adakite-like intermediate–felsic lavas and domes. New elemental and Nd–Sr–Pb–Hf isotope data from Quaternary mafic alkaline flows near Quchan in the Meshkan area in the NE of the country are combined with existing data from Miocene–Quaternary volcanic centres in the Binalud Range and the Nayband/Neh Fault zones. These mafic, incompatible element-enriched rocks, with positive Nb–Ta anomalies, are OIB-like and are argued to have formed by low-degree melting of a heterogeneous mantle source which contained DMM- and EMII-like components. At least some of the melting took place in the garnet stability field. Significant crustal contamination during magma ascent is recognised in the Nayband/Neh samples. Penecontemporaneous adakite-like rocks are argued to be high-pressure fractionates of basaltic melts which may have a separate source to the OIB-like basalts. Late Cenozoic mantle melting was aided by (1) localised extension and (2) enhanced small-scale asthenospheric convection related to Makran subduction, low mantle viscosity owing to the prior Tethyan subduction history of the region, and possibly edge-driven convection on the margin of the thickened Zagros lithosphere
Dynamics and thermodynamics of decay in charged clusters.

We propose a method for quantifying charge-driven instabilities in clusters, based on equilibrium simulations under confinement at constant external pressure. This approach makes no assumptions about the mode of decay and allows different clusters to be compared on an equal footing. A comprehensive survey of stability in model clusters of 309 Lennard-Jones particles augmented with Coulomb interactions is presented. We proceed to examine dynamic signatures of instability, finding that rate constants for ejection of charged particles increase smoothly as a function of total charge with no sudden changes. For clusters where many particles carry charge, ejection of individual charges competes with a fission process that leads to more symmetric division of the cluster into large fragments. The rate constants for fission depend much more sensitively on total charge than those for ejection of individual particles
Company metamorphosis : professionalization waves, family firms and management buyouts.

We explore the process of professionalization pre- and post-buyout (MBO) or buyin (MBI) of former private family firms using longitudinal evidence from six UK family firms undergoing an MBO/I in 1998. Professionalization behaviour was monitored up to 2014. Previous studies have conceptualized professionalization as a threshold to be attained. We demonstrate that professionalization is a complex process occurring in waves, triggered by changes in firm ownership and management. Waves of professionalization converge during the MBO/I process. Buyouts provide a funnelling mechanism enabling diverse control systems to be standardized. Post-MBO/I, divergence in the professionalization process reoccurs contingent on firm-specific contexts. Professionalization focuses on operations when stewardship relationships predominate, but on agency control mechanisms when there is increased potential for agency costs. Buyout organizational form is an important transitory phase facilitating the professionalization process. Professionalization is not a once-for-all development stage
BIFFOs, jackeens and Dagenham Yanks: county identity, "authenticity" and the Irish diaspora

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Irish Studies Review on 3rd July 2013, available online: http://wwww.tandfonline.com/10.1080/09670882.2013.808874Despite being an everyday point of reference in Irish discourse, the extent to which the county serves as a locus of identification has been oddly overlooked in the Irish studies literature. In particular, the persistence of identification with the county of origin post-migration offers new insights on the construction and maintenance of identity within the Irish diaspora. Drawing on my PhD research on discourses of authenticity and identity among the Irish in England, this article investigates the ways in which county identity is invoked both by Irish migrants and those of Irish descent. It illustrates how the county is used as a rhetorical tool to situate the speaker within discourses of belonging and authenticity, but how this may also act as a constraint on the articulation of a collective, diasporic identity. It argues for a greater research focus on translocalism within the context of changing Ireland-diaspora relations. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC
Origin of heavy tail statistics in equations of the Nonlinear
  Schr\"odinger type: an exact result

We study the formation of extreme events in incoherent systems described by
envelope equations, such as the Nonliner Schr\"odinger equation. We derive an
identity that relates the evolution of the kurtosis (a measure of the relevance
of the tails in a probability density function) of the wave amplitude to the
rate of change of the width of the Fourier spectrum of the wave field. The
result is exact for all dispersive systems characterized by a nonlinear term of
the form of the one contained in the Nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation.
Numerical simulations are also performed to confirm our findings. Our work
sheds some light on the origin of rogue waves in incoherent dispersive
nonlinear media ruled by local cubic nonlinearity.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figure
Search for s channel single top quark production in pp collisions at
  sqrt(s) = 7 and 8 TeV

A search is presented for single top quark production in the s channel in
proton-proton collisions with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in decay modes
of the top quark containing a muon or an electron in the final state. The
signal is extracted through a maximum-likelihood fit to the distribution of a
multivariate discriminant defined using boosted decision trees to separate the
expected signal contribution from background processes. The analysis uses data
collected at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV and corresponding to
integrated luminosities of 5.1 and 19.7 inverse femtobarns, respectively. The
measured cross sections of 7.1 +/- 8.1 pb (at 7 TeV) and 13.4 +/- 7.3 pb (at 8
TeV) result in a best fit value of 2.0 +/- 0.9 for the combined ratio of the
measured and expected values. The signal significance is 2.5 standard
deviations, and the upper limit on the rate relative to the standard model
expectation is 4.7 at 95% confidence level.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference and DOI.
  All figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-13-009/index.htm
Late time cosmic acceleration from natural infrared cutoff?

In this paper, inspired by the ultraviolet deformation of the
Friedmann-Lema\^{\i}tre-Robertson-Walker geometry in loop quantum cosmology, we
formulate an infrared-modified cosmological model. We obtain the associated
deformed Friedmann and Raychaudhuri equations and we show that the late time
cosmic acceleration can be addressed by the infrared corrections. As a
particular example, we applied the setup to the case of matter dominated
universe. This model has the same number of parameters as $\Lambda$CDM, but a
dynamical dark energy generates in the matter dominated era at the late time.
According to our model, as the universe expands, the energy density of the cold
dark matter dilutes and when the Hubble parameter approaches to its minimum,
the infrared effects dominate such that the effective equation of state
parameter smoothly changes from $w_{_{\rm eff}}=0$ to $w_{_{\rm eff}}=-2$.
Interestingly and nontrivially, the unstable de Sitter phase with $w_{_{\rm
eff}}=-1$ is corresponding to $\Omega_m=\Omega_d =0.5$ and the universe crosses
the phantom divide from the quintessence phase with $w_{_{\rm eff}}>-1$ and
$\Omega_m> \Omega_d$ to the phantom phase with $w_{_{\rm eff}}<-1$ and $
\Omega_m<\Omega_d$ which shows that the model is observationally viable. The
results show that the universe finally ends up in a big rip singularity for a
finite time proportional to the inverse of the minimum of the Hubble parameter.
Moreover, we consider the dynamical stability of the model and we show that the
universe starts from the matter dominated era at the past attractor with
$w_{_{\rm eff}}=0$ and ends up in a future attractor at the big rip with
$w_{_{\rm eff}}=-2$.Comment: 11 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in PL