pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Housework over the course of relationships : Gender ideology, resources, and the division of housework from a growth curve perspective

In the 21st century, the division of housework remains gendered, with women on average still spending more time doing chores than their male partners. While research has studied why this phenomenon is so persistent, few studies have yet been able to assess the effect of gender ideology and socio-economic resources at the same time, usually due to data restrictions. We use data from the pairfam, a new and innovative German panel study, in order to test the effect of absolute and relative resources as well as his and her gender ideology on the division of housework. We employ a life course perspective and analyze trajectories of couples’ housework division over time, using multi-level random effects growth curve models. We find that an egalitarian gender ideology of both him and her significantly predicts more egalitarian division-trajectories, while neither absolute nor relative resources appear to have an effect on the division of housework over time. Furthermore, our results expand the literature by investigating how these processes differ among childless couples and couples who experience the first birth
How to beat procrastination: The role of goal focus

Procrastination, defined as the subjectively aversive inability to initiate or complete the pursuit of a given goal, is a common phenomenon in academic contexts. This theoretical paper presents a dynamic model that centers on the role of goal focus in influencing procrastination during goal pursuit. Our central hypothesis is that focusing on the means of goal pursuit (i.e., adopting a process focus) reduces procrastination, particularly when fear of failure is high. Focusing on the means should decrease the salience of performance outcomes and thereby reduce fear of failure. This, in turn, should facilitate the initiation and maintenance of goal pursuit. In contrast, when means are perceived as unpleasant (high task aversiveness), focusing more on the outcome of goal pursuit (i.e., adopting an outcome focus) should reduce procrastination by directing attention away from the means while highlighting the importance of goal achievement. Furthermore, the model takes account of dynamic contextual factors, particularly the distance to a given deadline
Light hadrons from lattice QCD with light (u,d), strange and charm
  dynamical quarks

We present results of lattice QCD simulations with mass-degenerate up and
down and mass-split strange and charm (N_f = 2+1+1) dynamical quarks using
Wilson twisted mass fermions at maximal twist. The tuning of the strange and
charm quark masses is performed at two values of the lattice spacing a~0.078 fm
and a~0.086 fm with lattice sizes ranging from L~1.9 fm to L~2.8 fm. We measure
with high statistical precision the light pseudoscalar mass m_PS and decay
constant f_PS in a range 270 < m_PS < 510 MeV and determine the low energy
parameters f_0, l_3 and l_4 of SU(2) chiral perturbation theory. We use the two
values of the lattice spacing, several lattice sizes as well as different
values of the light, strange and charm quark masses to explore the systematic
effects. A first study of discretisation effects in light-quark observables and
a comparison to N_f=2 results are performed.Comment: 31 pages, 14 figure
Noether Charges for Self-interacting Quantum Field Theories in Curved
  Spacetimes with a Killing-vector

We consider self-interacting, perturbative quantum field theory in a curved
spacetime background with a Killing vector field. We show that the action of
this spacetime symmetry on interacting field operators can be implemented by a
Noether charge which arises as a surface integral over the time-component of
the interacting Noether current-density associated with the Killing field. The
proof of this involves the demonstration of a corresponding set of Ward
identities. Our work is based on the perturbative construction by Brunetti and
Fredenhagen (Commun.Math.Phys. 208 (2000) 623-661) of self-interacting quantum
field theories in general globally hyperbolic spacetimes.Comment: Latex, 29 pages, no figures. v2: minor corrections and rewordings,
  v3: typos correcte
Neutral-Current Four-Fermion Production in e+e- Interactions at LEP

Neutral-current four-fermion production, e+e- -> ffff is studied in 0.7/fb of
data collected with the L3 detector at LEP at centre-of-mass energies
root(s)=183-209GeV. Four final states are considered: qqvv, qqll, llll and
llvv, where l denotes either an electron or a muon. Their cross sections are
measured and found to agree with the Standard Model predictions. In addition,
the e+e- -> Zgamma* -> ffff process is studied and its total cross section at
the average centre-of-mass energy 196.6GeV is found to be 0.29 +/- 0.05 +/-
0.03 pb, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic,
in agreement with the Standard Model prediction of 0.22 pb. Finally, the mass
spectra of the qqll final states are analysed to search for the possible
production of a new neutral heavy particle, for which no evidence is found
Status of the Gribov-Pontecorvo Solution to the Solar Neutrino Problem

We discuss the status of the Gribov-Pontecorvo (GP) solution to the solar
neutrino problem. This solution naturally appears in bimaximal neutrino mixing
and reduces the solar and atmospheric neutrino problems to vacuum oscillations
of three active neutrinos. The GP solution predicts an energy-independent
suppression of the solar neutrino flux. It is disfavoured by the rate of the
Homestake detector, but its statistical significance greatly improves, when the
chlorine rate and the boron neutrino flux are slightly rescaled, and when the
Super-Kamiokande neutrino spectrum is included in the analysis. Our results
show that rescaling of the chlorine signal by only 10% is sufficient for the GP
solution to exist, if the boron-neutrino flux is taken 10 -- 20% lower than the
SSM prediction. The regions allowed for the GP solution in the parameter space
are found and observational signatures of this solution are discussed.Comment: Typo and new references. RevTex, 13 pages 6 figure
The Generalization of the Decomposition of Functions by Energy operators
  (Part II) and some Applications

This work introduces the families of generalized energy operators
$([[.]^p]_k^+)_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}$ and $([[.]^p]_k^-)_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}$ ($p$ in
$\mathbb{Z}^+$). One shows that with Lemma 1, the successive derivatives of
$\big ([[$f$]^{p-1}]_1^+ \big)^n$ ($n$ in $\mathbb{Z}$, $n\neq 0$) can be
decomposed with the generalized energy operators $\big
([[.]^p]_k^+\big)_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}$ when $f$ is in the subspace
$\mathbf{S}_p^-(\mathbb{R})$. With Theorem 1 and $f$ in
$\mathbf{s}_p^-(\mathbb{R})$, one can decompose uniquely the successive
derivatives of $\big ([[$f$]^{p-1}]_1^+ \big)^n$ ($n$ in $\mathbb{Z}$, $n\neq
0$) with the generalized energy operators $\big
([[.]^p]_k^+\big)_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}$ and $\big
([[.]^p]_k^-\big)_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}$. $\mathbf{S}_p^-(\mathbb{R})$ and
$\mathbf{s}_p^-(\mathbb{R})$ ($p$ in $\mathbb{Z}^+$) are subspaces of the
Schwartz space $\mathbf{S}^-(\mathbb{R})$. These results generalize the work of
[arxiv:1208.3385]. The second fold of this work is the application of the
generalized energy operator families onto the solutions of linear partial
differential equations. The solutions are functions of two variables and
defined in subspaces of $\mathbf{S}^-(\mathbb{R}^2)$. The theory is then
applied to the Helmholtz equation. In this specific case, the use of
generalized energy operators in the general solution of this PDE extends the
results of [montilletIMF45-48-2010]. This work ends with some numerical
examples. We also underline that this theory could possibly open some
applications in astrophysics and aeronautics.Comment: paper submitted - 05/08/2013 (38 pages) / v2, v3, v4 & v5 have less
  mistakes in it. The last version includes numerical examples with simulations
  Accepted for publication October 201
Spin-polarized hydrogen adsorbed on the surface of superfluid 4He

The experimental realization of a thin layer of spin-polarized hydrogen
adsorbed on top of the surface of superfluid 4He provides one of the best
examples of a stable nearly two-dimensional quantum Bose gas. We report a
theoretical study of this system using quantum Monte Carlo methods in the limit
of zero temperature. Using the full Hamiltonian of the system, composed of a
superfluid 4He slab and the adsorbed hydrogen layer, we calculate the main
properties of its ground state using accurate models for the pair interatomic
potentials. Comparing the results for the layer with the ones obtained for a
strictly two-dimensional (2D) setup, we analyze the departure from the 2D
character when the density increases. Only when the coverage is rather small
the use of a purely 2D model is justified. The condensate fraction of the layer
is significantly larger than in 2D at the same surface density, being as large
as $60\%$ at the largest coverage studied.Comment: 6 pages, to appear in J. Chem. Phy
On-shell constrained $M_2$ variables with applications to mass
  measurements and topology disambiguation

We consider a class of on-shell constrained mass variables that are 3+1
dimensional generalizations of the Cambridge $M_{T2}$ variable and that
automatically incorporate various assumptions about the underlying event
topology. The presence of additional on-shell constraints causes their
kinematic distributions to exhibit sharper endpoints than the usual $M_{T2}$
distribution. We study the mathematical properties of these new variables,
e.g., the uniqueness of the solution selected by the minimization over the
invisible particle 4-momenta. We then use this solution to reconstruct the
masses of various particles along the decay chain. We propose several tests for
validating the assumed event topology in missing energy events from new
physics. The tests are able to determine: 1) whether the decays in the event
are two-body or three-body, 2) if the decay is two-body, whether the
intermediate resonances in the two decay chains are the same, and 3) the exact
sequence in which the visible particles are emitted from each decay chain.Comment: 44pages, 17 figures. revised version, published in JHEP. Minor
  addition: a paragraph discussing the effect on the background at the end of
  section 5.
Gauge and matter superfield theories on $S^2$

We develop a superfield formulation of gauge and matter field theories on a
two-dimensional sphere with rigid N=(2,2) as well as extended supersymmetry.
The construction is based on a supercoset SU(2|1)/[U(1) x U(1)] containing
$S^2$ as the bosonic subspace. We derive an explicit form of supervielbein and
covariant derivatives on this coset, and use them to construct classical
superfield actions for gauge and matter supermultiplets in this
superbackground. We then apply superfield methods for computing one-loop
partition functions of these theories and demonstrate how the localization
technique works directly in the superspace.Comment: 1+44 page
Operator analysis of physical states on magnetized $T^{2}/Z_{N}$
  orbifolds

We discuss an effective way for analyzing the system on the magnetized
twisted orbifolds in operator formalism, especially in the complicated cases
$T^{2}/Z_{3}$, $T^{2}/Z_{4}$ and $T^{2}/Z_{6}$. We can obtain the exact and
analytical results which can be applicable for any larger values of the
quantized magnetic flux M, and show that the (non-diagonalized) kinetic terms
are generated via our formalism and the number of the surviving physical states
are calculable in a rigorous manner by simply following usual procedures in
linear algebra in any case. Our approach is very powerful when we try to
examine properties of the physical states on (complicated) magnetized orbifolds
$T^{2}/Z_{3}$, $T^{2}/Z_{4}$, $T^{2}/Z_{6}$ (and would be in other cases on
higher-dimensional torus) and could be an essential tool for actual realistic
model construction based on these geometries.Comment: 41 pages, 1 figur
Hydrodynamic Modes of a holographic $p-$ wave superfluid

In this work we analyze the hydrodynamics of a $p-$ wave superfluid on its
strongly coupled regime by considering its holographic description. We obtain
the poles of the retarded Green function through the computation of the
quasi-normal modes of the dual AdS black hole background finding diffusive,
pseudo-diffusive and sound modes. For the sound modes we compute the speed of
sound and its attenuation as function of the temperature. For the diffusive and
pseudo-diffusive modes we find that they acquire a non-zero real part at
certain finite momentum.Comment: 16 pag., 6 fig. Reference added. Minor corrections. Version accepted
  for publication in JHE
Symplectic Structure of General Relativity for Spatially Bounded Spacetime Regions. Part I: Boundary Conditions

We investigate the covariant Hamiltonian symplectic structure of General Relativity for spatially bounded regions of spacetime. For existence of a well-defined Hamiltonian variational principle taking into account a spatial boundary, it is necessary to modify the standard Arnowitt-Deser-Misner Hamiltonian by adding a boundary term whose form depends on the spatial boundary conditions for the gravitational field. The most general mathematically allowed boundary conditions and corresponding boundary terms are shown to be determined by solving a certain equation obtained from the symplectic current pulled back to the hypersurface boundary of the spacetime region. A main result is that we obtain a covariant derivation of Dirichlet, Neumann, and mixed type boundary conditions on the gravitational field at a fixed boundary hypersurface, together with the associated Hamiltonian boundary terms. As well, we prove uniqueness results for these boundary conditions under certain assumptions motivated by the form of the symplectic current. Our analysis uses a Noether charge method which extends and unifies several results developed in recent literature for General Relativity. As an illustration of the method, we apply it to the Maxwell field equations to derive allowed boundary conditions and boundary terms for existence of a well-defined Hamiltonian variational principle for an electromagnetic field in a fixed spatially bounded region of Minkowski spacetime
U(N) Gauge Theory and Lattice Strings

We explain, in a slightly modified form, an old construction allowing to
reformulate the U(N) gauge theory defined on a D-dimensional lattice as a
theory of lattice strings (a statistical model of random surfaces). The world
surface of the lattice string is allowed to have pointlike singularities
(branch points) located not only at the sites of the lattice, but also on its
links and plaquettes. The strings become noninteracting when $N\to\infty$. In
this limit the statistical weight a world surface is given by exp[ $-$ area]
times a product of local factors associated with the branch points. In $D=4$
dimensions the gauge theory has a nondeconfining first order phase transition
dividing the weak and strong coupling phase. From the point of view of the
string theory the weak coupling phase is expected to be characterized by
spontaneous creation of ``windows'' on the world sheet of the string.Comment: 26 pages, 8 figures not included, available by mail upon request,
  T93-079 (talk at the Workshop on string theory, gauge theory and quantum
  gravity, 28-29 April 1993, Trieste, Italy
The reaction $pd\to(pp)n$ at high momentum transfer and short-range NN
  properties

A recent cross section measurement of the deuteron breakup reaction $pd\to
(pp)(0^\circ)+n(180^\circ)$, in the GeV region in a kinematics similar to
backward $pd$ elastic scattering, strongly contradicts predictions of a $pd \to
dp$ model based on the one-nucleon exchange, single pN scattering and $\Delta$
excitation mechanisms, and on the wave functions of the Reid soft core and
Paris $NN$ potentials. We show within the same model that for the CD Bonn $NN$
potential there is qualitative agreement with the data. It is attributed to a
reduction of the one-nucleon exchange at energies above 1 GeV and an increase
of the $\Delta(1232)$-isobar contribution, both related to the short-range
properties of the wave functions generated by this potential.Comment: 14 pages, Latex, 4 modified figure
Characterization of a CCD array for Bragg spectroscopy

The average pixel distance as well as the relative orientation of an array of
6 CCD detectors have been measured with accuracies of about 0.5 nm and 50
$\mu$rad, respectively. Such a precision satisfies the needs of modern crystal
spectroscopy experiments in the field of exotic atoms and highly charged ions.
Two different measurements have been performed by illuminating masks in front
of the detector array by remote sources of radiation. In one case, an aluminum
mask was irradiated with X-rays and in a second attempt, a nanometric quartz
wafer was illuminated by a light bulb. Both methods gave consistent results
with a smaller error for the optical method. In addition, the thermal expansion
of the CCD detectors was characterized between -105 C and -40 C.Comment: Submitted to Review of Scientific Instrument
Superluminal Signal Velocity

It recently has been demonstrated that signals conveyed by evanescent modes
can travel faster than light. In this report some special features of signals
are introduced and investigated, for instance the fundamental property that
signals are frequency band limited.
  Evanescent modes are characterized by extraordinary properties: Their energy
is {\it negative}, they are not directly measurable, and the evanescent region
is not causal since the modes traverse this region instantaneously. The study
demonstrates the necessity of quantum mechanical principles in order to
interprete the superluminal signal velocity of classical evanescent modes.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Regular and irregular patterns of self-localized excitation in arrays of
  coupled phase oscillators

We study a system of phase oscillators with nonlocal coupling in a ring that
supports self-organized patterns of coherence and incoherence, called chimera
states. Introducing a global feedback loop, connecting the phase lag to the
order parameter, we can observe chimera states also for systems with a small
number of oscillators. Numerical simulations show a huge variety of regular and
irregular patterns composed of localized phase slipping events of single
oscillators. Using methods of classical finite dimensional chaos and
bifurcation theory, we can identify the emergence of chaotic chimera states as
a result of transitions to chaos via period doubling cascades, torus breakup,
and intermittency. We can explain the observed phenomena by a mechanism of
self-modulated excitability in a discrete excitable medium.Comment: postprint, as accepted in Chaos, 10 pages, 7 figure
Time dependence in $B\to V\ell\ell$ decays

We discuss the theory and phenomenology of $B_{d,s}\to V(\to M_1M_2)\ell\ell$
decays in the presence of neutral-meson mixing. We derive expressions for the
time-dependent angular distributions for decays into CP eigenstates, and
identify the relevant observables that can be extracted from time-integrated
and time-dependent analyses with or without tagging, with a focus on the
difference between measurements at $B$-factories and hadronic machines. We
construct two observables of interest, which we call $Q_8^-$ and $Q_9$, and
which are theoretically clean at large recoil. We compute these two observables
in the Standard Model, and show that they have good potential for New Physics
searches by considering their sensitivity to benchmark New Physics scenarios
consistent with current $b\to s\ell\ell$ data. These results apply to decays
such as $B_d\to K^*(\to K_S\pi^0)\ell\ell$, $B_s\to \phi (\to K_SK_L)\ell\ell$
and $B_s\to \phi(\to K^+K^-)\ell\ell$.Comment: 39 pages, 3 figures. Typos corrected. Matches published versio
On the weak N-dependence of SO(N) and SU(N) gauge theories in 2+1
  dimensions

We consider (continuum) mass ratios of the lightest `glueballs' as a function
of N for SO(N) and SU(N) lattice gauge theories in D=2+1. We observe that the
leading large N correction is usually sufficient to describe the N-dependence
of SO(N.geq.3) and SU(N.geq.2), within the errors of the numerical calculation.
Just as interesting is the fact that the coefficient of this correction almost
invariably turns out to be anomalously small, for both SO(N) and SU(N). We
point out that this can follow naturally from the strong constraints that one
naively expects from the Lie algebra equivalence between certain SO(N) and
SU(N') theories and the equivalence of SO(infinity) and SU(infinity). The same
argument for a weak N-dependence can in principle apply to SU(N) and SO(N)
gauge theories in D=3+1.Comment: 17 pages, 6 figures. Clearer discussion and extra, relevant
  reference
The Megasecond Chandra X-Ray Visionary Project Observation of NGC 3115
  (III): luminosity functions of LMXBs and dependence on stellar environments

We have studied the X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of low-mass X-ray
binaries (LMXBs) in the nearby lenticular galaxy NGC 3115, using the Megasecond
Chandra X-Ray Visionary Project Observation. With a total exposure time of ~1.1
Ms, we constructed the XLF down to a limiting luminosity of ~10^36 erg/s, much
deeper than typically reached for other early-type galaxies. We found
significant flattening of the overall LMXB XLF from dN/dL \propto
L^{-2.2\pm0.4} above 5.5x10^37 erg/s to dN/dL \propto L^{-1.0\pm0.1} below it,
though we could not rule out a fit with a higher break at ~1.6x10^38 erg/s. We
also found evidence that the XLF of LMXBs in globular clusters (GCs) is overall
flatter than that of field LMXBs. Thus our results for this galaxy do not
support the idea that all LMXBs are formed in GCs. The XLF of field LMXBs seems
to show spatial variation, with the XLF in the inner region of the galaxy being
flatter than that in the outer region, probably due to contamination of LMXBs
from undetected and/or disrupted GCs in the inner region. The XLF in the outer
region is probably the XLF of primordial field LMXBs, exhibiting dN/dL \propto
L^{-1.2\pm0.1} up to a break close to the Eddington limit of neutron star LMXBs
(~1.7x10^38 erg/s). The break of the GC LMXB XLF is lower, at ~1.1x10^37 erg/s.
We also confirm previous findings that the metal-rich/red GCs are more likely
to host LMXBs than the metal-poor/blue GCs, which is more significant for more
luminous LMXBs, and that more massive GCs are more likely to host LMXBs.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Ap
Implications of $\mu-\tau$ Flavored CP Symmetry of Leptons

We discuss gauge models incorporating $\mu-\tau$ flavored CP symmetry (called
CP$^{\mu\tau}$ in the text) in combination with $L_\mu-L_\tau$ invariance to
understand neutrino mixings and discuss their phenomenological implications. We
show that viable leptogenesis in this setting requires that the lightest
right-handed neutrino mass must be between $10^9-10^{12}$ GeV and for effective
two hierarchical right-handed neutrinos, leptogenesis takes place only in a
narrower range of $5\times 10^{10}-10^{12}$ GeV. A multi-Higgs realization of
this idea implies that there must be a pseudoscalar Higgs boson with mass less
than 300 GeV. Generically, the vev alignment problem can be naturally avoided
in our setting.Comment: 34pp. v3: matches journal versio