pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Design of PhotoFET for monolithic active pixel sensors in high energy physics and biomedical imaging applications

Monolithic active pixel sensors using standard low-cost CMOS technology available from industrial manufacturers have demonstrated excellent tracking performances for minimum ionising particles in high energy physics and biomedical imaging applications. A new design of PhotoFET is presented. This structure offers the advantage of integrating amplification inside the sensing element using a PMOS transistor with a high sensitivity and a large output dynamic range. The proposed PhotoFET has been implemented with the AMS 0.35 µm process. The main results of measurements are presente
Some success factors for the communal management of knowledge

International audienceThis paper explores the contribution of communal structures such as Communities of Practice (CoPs) on intraorganizational Knowledge Management (KM). First, we look at intraorganizational knowledge management and explore the role that information systems can play. We introduce the idea of "Systèmes d'Aide à la Gestion des Connaissances" SAGC (Systems to aid the Management of Knowledge) and then establish our theoretical foundations concerning communal KM, especially as it relates to the structural and functional characteristics of CoPs. The results of an exploratory qualitative survey involving Chief Knowledge Officers (CKOs) of large French businesses are presented which examine the contribution that communal structures such as CoPs can make to intraorganizational KM. The results highlight some of 'success factors' for the communal management of knowledge. Two types of factors in particular appear to encourage the sharing of knowledge: those related to (1) the characteristics of a CoP and (2) the organizational context. The work indicates that, perhaps contrary to what might be expected, many of the key success factors are the same 'management' issues that can be found in almost any IS projects while some of the issues that the literature indicates are important, appear to be less so in practice
Fracture of Zircaloy-4 cladding tubes with or without hydride blisters in uniaxial to plane strain conditions with standard and optimized expansion due to compression tests

International audienceTwo optimizations of the Expansion Due to Compression (EDC) test, which induces a near uniaxial loading, were proposed and developed to reach higher biaxiality ratios (ratio between mechanical quantities in axial and in circumferential direction). The first optimization, named HB-EDC for High-Biaxiality EDC, allowed to reach transverse plane strain conditions. The second optimization, named VHB-EDC for Very High Biaxiality EDC, was designed to reach higher loading biaxiality ratios. These optimized EDC tests were performed at 25 °C, 350 °C and 480 °C on unirradiated hydrided Cold Worked Stress Relieved (CWSR) Zircaloy-4 samples. First, samples unhydrided or uniformly hydrided up to 1130 wppm were tested. Second, samples hydrided at 310 wppm with a hydride blister were tested. A large ductility reduction is induced by the increase in biaxiality level in the absence of a hydride blister or with small blisters (View the MathML source<50μm deep). The fracture strain decreases quickly with the blister depth at 25 °C, but more progressively at higher temperature. An equation that quantifies the fracture strain reduction with the blister depth is proposed. Eventually, one of the tests developed in the present study, the HB-EDC test, was proven to be a good compromise between the test complexity and the stress state reached. It is a good candidate to characterize the mechanical behaviour of irradiated cladding
Social media and management fashions

The management fashion literature has highlighted the role played by business media (i.e. print media outlets) in the diffusion and dissemination of new management concepts and ideas. However, in the last few years, we have witnessed the emergence of social media. Recent research has shown a widespread adoption and usage of social media both in among the general public and professionals in the business community. To date, however, management fashion researchers have not addressed the question of whether social media change the structure and workings of the management fashion market and the ways in which management concepts and ideas are diffused. This article provides a preliminary conceptual elaboration and analysis of how different social media platforms may influence the diffusion and dissemination of fashionable concepts and ideas. The analysis has several implications for research on management fashion
Epidemiology and clinical features of gastroenteritis in hospitalised children: prospective survey during a 2-year period in a Parisian hospital, France

International audienceRotavirus is recognised as the most important agent of severe acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children. In a 2-year prospective survey, we investigated the epidemiology and clinical features of the viral and bacterial pathogens in children hospitalised for AGE. The study was performed in a Parisian teaching hospital from November 2001 to May 2004. Clinical data were prospectively collected to assess the gastroenteritis severity (20-point Vesikari severity score, the need for intravenous rehydration, duration of hospitalisation). Stools were systematically tested for group A rotavirus, norovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus 40/41, sapovirus and Aichi virus and enteropathogenic bacteria. A total of 457 children (mean age 15.9 months) were enrolled. Viruses were detected in 305 cases (66.7%) and bacteria in 31 cases (6.8%). Rotaviruses were the most frequent pathogen (48.8%), followed by noroviruses (8.3%) and adenoviruses, astroviruses, Aichi viruses and sapoviruses in 3.5%, 1.5%, 0.9% and 0.4%, respectively. Cases of rotavirus gastroenteritis were significantly more severe than those of norovirus with respect to the Vesikari score, duration of hospitalisation and the need for intravenous rehydration. Rotaviruses were the most frequent and most severe cause in children hospitalised for AGE, and noroviruses also account for a large number of cases in this population
Displacements and transformations of nitrate-rich and nitrate-poor water masses in the tropical Pacific during the 1997 El Niño

sur l'évolution de la langue d'eau verte équatoriale enrichie en chlorophylle dans le Pacifique après le déclenchement d'un El Niño : retard à l'oligotrophie tant qu'il subsiste des nitrates dans les eaux HNLCA Lagrangian analysis was applied to the outputs of a coupled physical-biogeochemical model to describe the redistribution of nitrate-rich and nitrate-poor surface water masses in the tropical Pacific throughout the major 1997 El Niño. The same tool was used to analyze the causes of nitrate changes along trajectories and to investigate the consequences of the slow nitrate uptake in the high nutrient low chlorophyll (HNLC) region during the growth phase of the event. Three patterns were identified during the drift of water masses. The first mechanism is well known along the equator: oligotrophic waters from the western Pacific are advected eastward and retain their oligotrophic properties along their drift. The second concerns the persistent upwelling in the eastern basin. Water parcels have complex trajectories within this retention zone and remain mesotrophic. This study draws attention to the third process which is very specific to the HNLC region and to the El Niño period. During the 1997 El Niño, horizontal and vertical inputs of nitrate decreased so dramatically that nitrate uptake by phytoplankton became the only mechanism driving nitrate changes along pathways. The study shows that because of the slow nitrate uptake characteristic of the tropical Pacific HNLC system, nitrate in the pre-El Niño photic layer can support biological production for a period of several months. As a consequence, the slow nitrate uptake delays the gradual onset of oligotrophic conditions over nearly all the area usually occupied by upwelled waters. Owing to this process, mesotrophic conditions persist in the tropical Pacific during El Niño events
Clustering of Local Optima in Combinatorial Fitness Landscapes

International audienceUsing the recently proposed model of combinatorial landscapes: local optima networks, we study the distribution of local optima in two classes of instances of the quadratic assignment problem. Our results indicate that the two problem instance classes give rise to very different configuration spaces. For the so-called real-like class, the optima networks possess a clear modular structure, while the networks belonging to the class of random uniform instances are less well partitionable into clusters. We briefly discuss the consequences of the findings for heuristically searching the corresponding problem spaces
Determination of rare earth elements and other trace elements (Y, Mn, Co, Cr) in seawater using Tm addition and Mg(OH)2 co-precipitation

International audienceThis paper reports on a novel procedure for determining trace element abundances (REE and Y, Cr, Mn, Co) in seawater by inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometry (ICP-SFMS). The procedure uses a combination of pre-concentration using co-precipitation onto magnesium hydroxides and addition of thulium spike. The validity of the method was assessed onto 25 ml volumes of certified reference materials (NASS- and CASS-4) and in house seawater standard. Procedural blanks were determined by applying the same procedure to aliquots of seawater previously depleted in trace elements by successive Mg(OH)2 co-precipitations, yielding estimated contributions to the studied samples better than 1.1% for all elements, with the exception of Cr (<3.3%) and Co (up to 8%). The reproducibility of the method over the six month duration of the study was smaller than 11% RSD for all the studied elements. Results obtained for NASS-5 and CASS-4 agree well with published working values for trace elements
Afforestation in China cools local land surface temperature

International audienceChina has the largest afforested area in the world (~62 million hectares in 2008), and these forests are carbon sinks. The climatic effect of these new forests depends on how radiant and turbulent energy fluxes over these plantations modify surface temperature. For instance, a lower albedo may cause warming, which negates the climatic benefits of carbon sequestration. Here, we used satellite measurements of land surface temperature (LST) from planted forests and adjacent grasslands or croplands in China to understand how afforestation affects LST. Afforestation is found to decrease daytime LST by about 1.1 ± 0.5 °C (mean ± 1 SD) and to increase nighttime LST by about 0.2 ± 0.5 °C, on average. The observed daytime cooling is a result of increased evapotranspiration. The nighttime warming is found to increase with latitude and decrease with average rainfall. Afforestation in dry regions therefore leads to net warming, as daytime cooling is offset by nighttime warming. Thus, it is necessary to carefully consider where to plant trees to realize potential climatic benefits in future afforestation projects
Ant colony optimization for the single model U-type assembly line balancing problem

Cataloged from PDF version of article.An assembly line is a production line in which units move continuously through a
sequence of stations. The assembly line balancing problem is defined as the allocation of
tasks to an ordered sequence of stations subject to precedence constraints with the
objective of optimizing a performance measure. In this paper, we propose ant colony
algorithms to solve the single-model U-type assembly line balancing problem. We conduct
an extensive experimental study in which the performance of the proposed algorithm is
compared against best known algorithms reported in the literature. The results indicate
that the proposed algorithms display very competitive performance against them.
& 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
The study of pitch via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy: The case of the Roman amphoras from Monte Poro, Calabria (Italy)

The analysis of the composition of organic residues present in ancient pottery are an important source of information for archaeologists. The chemical characterisation of these materials gives information on diets, habits, technologies and original use of the vessels.\ud
\ud
In this paper the resinous materials from the interior surfaces of Roman amphoras and the contents of two particular vessels (called Kadoi) coming from Monte Poro, in Calabria (Italy) were studied. The organic materials were identified by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The presence of monocarboxylic acids and terpenic species shows that the organic residues were of vegetable origin or mainly consist of vegetable-based resins. Moreover, the presence of characteristic diterpenic biomarkers permits to recognize the use of pine resin and pine pitch, while the presence of methyl dehydro-abietic acid is likely linked to the use of wood tar and not only to the pine pitch. It was not possible to identify with accuracy the species of Pine used to prepare the pitch since the profile of diterpenoid acids of an aged and thermal treated resin is very different from the one of fresh resin. Nevertheless, the hypothesis about the use of Pinus Laricius and Pinus Negrus to prepare the pitch is plausible as these two species were and are both very abundant in Monte Poro's area
An extended linear quadratic regulator for LTI systems with exogenous inputs

This paper proposes a cost effective control law for a linear time invariant (LTI) system having an extra set of exogenous inputs (or external disturbances) besides the traditional set of control inputs. No assumption is made with regard to a-priori knowledge of the modeling equations for the exogenous inputs. The problem of optimal control for such a system is defined in the standard framework of linear quadratic control and an extended linear quadratic regulator (ELQR) is proposed as the solution to the problem. The ELQR approach is demonstrated through an example and is shown to be significantly more cost effective than currently available approaches for linear quadratic control
Economic crisis and its influences on the interaction between land use and transport in Madrid Region

The economic and financial crisis has been impacting European countries since 2008 at different degrees.This paper aims to find\ud
out if the statistical analysis of land use and mobility can help to answer the question of what happens during economic crisis on\ud
both land use and transport system, and unveiling key spatial relationships between them.\ud
The methodology for the analysis was developed accordingly with the data and resources available. First, an exploratory data\ud
analysis (EDA) is performed in order to identify the land use and mobility pattern during the last decade. It focuses on six aspects,\ud
which are distribution of population and dwellings, employment and jobs, GDP, motorization and modal split. The second aspect\ud
consists on crossing the spatial patterns of the different aspects in order to find some explanatory relationships that indicate the\ud
presence of the key characteristics.\ud
Through the exploration analysis, we find that there is a close relationship between the land-use system and travel behaviour in\ud
Madrid Region. With an increasing of new dwellings constructed in the outer periphery of Madrid Region, it leads longer trips\ud
distance and more travel cost particularly by car mode. Moreover, during the economic crisis, we also find the motorization level\ud
of Madrid keeps the same, as a result of the decreasing GDP and relatively decreasing household income
Biallelic Mutations in NBAS Cause Recurrent Acute Liver Failure with Onset in Infancy

Acute liver failure (ALF) in infancy and childhood is a life-threatening emergency. Few conditions are known to cause recurrent acute liver failure (RALF), and in about 50% of cases, the underlying molecular cause remains unresolved. Exome sequencing in five unrelated individuals with fever-dependent RALF revealed biallelic mutations in NBAS. Subsequent Sanger sequencing of NBAS in 15 additional unrelated individuals with RALF or ALF identified compound heterozygous mutations in an additional six individuals from five families. Immunoblot analysis of mutant fibroblasts showed reduced protein levels of NBAS and its proposed interaction partner p31, both involved in retrograde transport between endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi. We recommend NBAS analysis in individuals with acute infantile liver failure, especially if triggered by fever
The innovation journey of new-to-tourism entrepreneurs

This study addresses the neglect of an overall analysis of the generative process of innovation in tourism studies. A conceptual framework draws together the fragmented literature on the innovation process which is visualized as a series of non-linear tasks from idea generation to diffusion. The conceptual framework is explored through a systematic analysis of the tourism innovation journey of 24 new-to-tourism entrepreneurs establishing start-ups in Spain. The analysis draws on the innovators’ narrations about their distinctive journeys to provide a more holistic picture of the innovation process. Drilling down into the sub-processes within each major task reveals the complexity of an innovation journey that is highly dynamic, uncertain, experimental and market-driven. A model of the innovation process is proposed based on the findings
Cyto-Sim: A Formal Language Model and Stochastic Simulator of Membrane-Enclosed Biochemical Processes

Compartments and membranes are the basis of cell topology and more than 30% of the human genome codes for membrane proteins. It is possible to represent compartments and membrane proteins in a nominal way with many mathematical formalisms used in systems biology, however few explicitly model the topology of the membranes themselves. Discrete stochastic simulation of molecular kinetics potentially oers the most accurate representation of cell dynamics. Since the details of every molecular interaction in a pathway are often not known, the relationship between chemical species in not necessarily best described by simple mass action chemistry. Moreover, modelling every individual molecular interac- tion in the cell is probably unnecessary and currently impractical. Simulation is a form of computer aided analysis, relying on human inter- pretation to derive meaning. To improve eciency and gain meaning in an automatic way, it is necessary to have a formalism based on a model which has decidable properties. This is a pre-copy-editing, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Bioinformatics following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version [Sean Sedwards and Tommaso Mazza, Cyto-Sim: a formal language model and stochastic simulator of membrane-enclosed biochemical processes, Bioinformatics, 15 October 2007; 23: 2800 - 2802] is available online at: http://bioinformatics.oxfordjournals.org/ [doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btm416]
Conformity Assessment in the Public Procurement of Accessible ICT

Public procurement is an important instrument for improving the accessibility of the information society. In Europe, in December 2005, the European Commission issued mandate M/376 to CEN, CENELEC and ETSI, to harmonize and facilitate the public procurement of accessible ICT products and services by identifying a set of functional European accessibility requirements for public procurement of products and services in the ICT domain. The mandate is to be carried out in two phases: Phase I – inventory of accessibility requirements and assessment of suitable testing and conformity schemes, and Phase II – standardization activities. This paper presents an overview of the technical report produced by the authors as members of a CEN and CENELEC project team assigned to carry out “an analysis of testing and conformity schemes of products and services meeting accessibility requirements”. The work was developed from October 2007 until October 2008
Performance of a transmutation advanced device for sustainable energy application

Preliminary studies have been performed to design a device for nuclear waste transmutation and hydrogen generation based on a gas-cooled pebble bed accelerator driven system, TADSEA (Transmutation Advanced Device for Sustainable Energy Application). In previous studies we have addressed the viability of an ADS Transmutation device that uses as fuel wastes from the existing LWR power plants, encapsulated in graphite in the form of pebble beds, cooled by helium which enables high temperatures (in the order of 1200 K), to generate hydrogen from water either by high temperature electrolysis or by thermochemical cycles. For designing this device several configurations were studied, including several reflectors thickness, to achieve the desired parameters, the transmutation of nuclear waste and the production of 100 MW of thermal power. In this paper new studies performed on deep burn in-core fuel management strategy for LWR waste are presented. The fuel cycle on TADSEA device has been analyzed based on both: driven and transmutation fuel that had been proposed by the General Atomic design of a gas turbine-modular helium reactor. The transmutation results of the three fuel management strategies, using driven, transmutation and standard LWR spent fuel were compared, and several parameters describing the neutron performance of TADSEA nuclear core as the fuel and moderator temperature reactivity coefficients and transmutation chain, are also presente
Redox Behavior of Anthocyanins Present in Vitis vinifera L.

Voltammetric techniques were employed to study the electrochemical behavior of several anthocyanins. The redox behavior of anthocyanins with the same basic structure, the influence of glycosylation on the redox behavior of anthocyanins derived from different anthocyanidins, and the influence of methoxylation were investigated. The anthocyanins used in this study were malvidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, malvidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside chloride, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, cyanidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside chloride, peonidin-3-O-glucoside chloride, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside chloride and the anthocyanidin petunidin chloride, all of them present in Vitis vinifera L. All hydroxyl groups of the anthocyanins can be electrochemically oxidized and the anthocyanins studied revealed a complex and pH dependent oxidation process, with the occurrence of adsorption and of oxidation products blocking the electrode surface.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.20070394
Differential Expression of Syntaxin 1A and 1B by Noradrenergic and Adrenergic Chromaffin Cells

The expression and localization of syntaxin isoforms 1A and 1B in adrenergic and noradrenergic chromaffin cells were examined by both immunoblot analysis and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Syntaxin 1A was found in higher levels in noradrenergic cells, whereas syntaxin 1B was similarly expressed in most noradrenergic and adrenergic cells. However, some heterogeneity was observed within each catecholaminergic phenotype. Although the majority of adrenergic cells appeared to express low levels of syntaxin 1A, about 7% was strongly stained for syntaxin 1A. A subpopulation of noradrenergic cells, about 17%, expressed greater levels of syntaxin 1B. Syntaxin 1B labeling showed a punctate appearance in the cytoplasm, whereas syntaxin 1A appeared predominantly localized to the plasma membrane. These data show differences in the exocytotic machinery of the two subtypes of chromaffin cells that may underlie some of the distinct characteristics of adrenaline and noradrenaline secretion.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:102565800593