pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Quasi-bound low energy tail of resonance

International audienceGround states of particle-unbound nuclei are seen as resonances. According to the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, the shorter is the lifetime of the state the broader is the resonance. The Breit-Wigner function describes perfectly the shape of the resonance when energy-dependent partialwidths are used. In the low energy tail of a resonance, close to the particle-emission threshold, the partial-width for the emission of a charged particle through the Coulomb barrier is dramatically reduced. In this region of the resonance, the charged particle could be trapped inside the unboundnucleus. This idea will be discussed in more details and experimental aspects will be given
Race and assessment practice in South Africa:  understanding black academic experience

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis in Race Ethnicity and Education on 27 February 2012, available online: http://www.tandfonline.com/10.1080/13613324.2011.645568.Despite efforts to transform the racialised system of higher education in South Africa inherited from apartheid, there has been little research published that interrogates the relationship between race and the experience of academic staff within the South African higher education environment. Drawing on critical discourse analysis and critical race theory, this article traces the experience of two black male academics in relation to the assessment practices of their colleagues at a historically white university in South Africa. The interviewees, both graduates from the departments in which they teach, reflected on their experience of their departmental assessment practices both as black students and black academics. The analysis concludes that despite their differing perceptions and experiences they both regard the assessment practices of some of their white colleagues as undermining of their black students' efforts to succeed
Effect of Gender on the Pharmacokinetics of Eslicarbazepine Acetate (BIA 2-093), a New Voltage-gated Sodium Channel Blocker

Purpose. To determine the effect of gender on the pharmacokinetics of eslicarbazepine
acetate, a novel voltage-gated sodium channel blocker in the development for the treatment of
epilepsy and bipolar disorder.
Methods. Single-centre, open-label, parallel-group study in 12 female and 12 male healthy
subjects. The study consisted of a single-dose (600 mg) period and a multiple-dose (600 mg, oncedaily,
for 8 days) period, separated by 4 days.
Results. Eslicarbazepine acetate was rapidly and extensively metabolized to eslicarbazepine
(S-licarbazepine), the main active metabolite. Following a single-dose, arithmetic mean eslicarbazepine
maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) and area under the plasma concentration-time
curve over 24 h (AUC0 24) and from 0 to infinity (AUC0 1) were, respectively, 9.3 mg/ml,
128.5 mg h/ml and 171.9 mg h/ml in male subjects and 10.1 mg/ml, 150.1 mg h/ml and 205.0 mg h/ml
in female subjects. At steady-state, Cmax, AUC0 24 and AUC0 1 were 15.5 mg/ml, 207.8 mg h/ml and
295.8 mg h/ml in male subjects, and 16.8 mg/ml, 214.5 mg h/ml and 295.2 mg h/ml in female subjects.
Steady-state plasma concentrations were attained at 4 to 5 days of administration in both groups.
Eslicarbazepine Cmax, AUC0 24 and AUC0 1 female:male geometric mean ratios (90%CI) were,
respectively, 1.09 (0.94; 1.24), 1.16 (1.00; 1.33) and 1.17 (0.99; 1.38) following single-dose, and 1.10
(0.97; 1.25), 1.04 (0.92; 1.17) and 1.01 (0.88; 1.16) at steady-state.
Conclusion. At steady-state, the pharmacokinetic profile of eslicarbazepine acetate was not
affected by gender
Comparison of the voltammetric behavior of metronidazole at a DNA-modified glassy carbon electrode, a mercury thin film electrode and a glassy carbon electrode

The electroanalytical performance at three electrodes: DNA-modified galssy carbon electrode, mercury thin film electrode and glassy carbon electrode, for the study of the electrochemical reduction of metronidazole is compared. All three electrodes showed a similar trend in the reduction mechanism for metronidazole, depenent on pH in the acid and neutral region and independent in alkaline media, although there was a shift in the peak potentials to more negative values when a bare glassy carbon electrode was used compared to the other two. Besides the advantage of using a solid electrode for the reduction of metronidazole, the DNA-modified galssy carbon electrode enables a lower detection limit of 1.0 muM owing to the preconecentration of the drug on the electrode surface, which is not the case for the mercury thin film or bare glassy carbon electrodes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.114009020
The enhancement of weakly exothermic polymerization fronts

Abstract  The propagation of one-dimensional waves resulting from chemical reactions in a sandwich-type two-layer setting is considered. One layer, termed the polymerization layer, contains the monomer and initiator molecules needed for the initiation of a self-propagating polymer front. The other layer will be referred to as the enhancement layer, and it contains the necessary reactants to support a highly exothermic self-propagating reaction wave. Heat exchange occurs between the layers, and as a result, there is a net diffusion of heat away from the region undergoing the more exothermic reaction. As frontal polymerization (FP) reactions are known not to be very exothermic, an overall transfer of heat from the enhancement layer into the polymerization layer takes place. An analysis of the basic state of the system is carried out to investigate the effect of heat transfer on the polymerization reaction. An enhancement layer is shown to promote FP. This analysis is applicable to the manufacture of thin polymer films by FP.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10665-006-9062-
Superposition effect and clan structure in forward-backward multiplicity
  correlations

The main purpose of this paper is to discuss the link between
forward-backward multiplicity correlations properties and the shape of the
corresponding final charged particle multiplicity distribution in various
classes of events in different collisions. It is shown that the same mechanism
which explains the shoulder effect and the H_n vs. n oscillations in charged
particle multiplicity distributions, i.e., the weighted superposition of
different classes of events with negative binomial properties, reproduces
within experimental errors also the forward-backward multiplicity correlation
strength in e+e- annihilation at LEP energy and allows interesting predictions
for pp collisions in the TeV energy region, to be tested at LHC, for instance
with the ALICE detector. We limit ourselves at present to study substructures
properties in hadron-hadron collisions and e+e- annihilation; they are examined
as ancillary examples in the conviction that their understanding might be
relevant also in other more complex cases.Comment: 16 page
Thermodynamics of MHD flows with axial symmetry

We present strategies based upon extremization principles, in the case of the
axisymmetric equations of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We study the equilibrium
shape by using a minimum energy principle under the constraints of the MHD
axisymmetric equations. We also propose a numerical algorithm based on a
maximum energy dissipation principle to compute in a consistent way the
equilibrium states. Then, we develop the statistical mechanics of such flows
and recover the same equilibrium states giving a justification of the minimum
energy principle. We find that fluctuations obey a Gaussian shape and we make
the link between the conservation of the Casimirs on the coarse-grained scale
and the process of energy dissipation
An overview of the proper generalized decomposition with applications in computational rheology

We review the foundations and applications of the proper generalized decomposition (PGD), a powerful model reduction technique that computes a priori by means of successive enrichment a separated representation of the unknown field. The computational complexity of the PGD scales linearly with the dimension of the space wherein the model is defined, which is in marked contrast with the exponential scaling of standard grid-based methods. First introduced in the context of computational rheology by Ammar et al. [3] and [4], the PGD has since been further developed and applied in a variety of applications ranging from the solution of the Schrödinger equation of quantum mechanics to the analysis of laminate composites. In this paper, we illustrate the use of the PGD in four problem categories related to computational rheology: (i) the direct solution of the Fokker-Planck equation for complex fluids in configuration spaces of high dimension, (ii) the development of very efficient non-incremental algorithms for transient problems, (iii) the fully three-dimensional solution of problems defined in degenerate plate or shell-like domains often encountered in polymer processing or composites manufacturing, and finally (iv) the solution of multidimensional parametric models obtained by introducing various sources of problem variability as additional coordinates
A simulation based supply partner selection decision support tool for service provision in Dell.

Partner selection is an important aspect of all outsourcing processes. Traditional partner selection, typically involves steps to determine the criteria for outsourcing, followed by a qualification of potential suppliers and concluding with a final selection of partner(s). Reverse auctions (RAs) have widely been used for partner selection in recent times. However, RAs, although proven successful in initial price reduction strategies for product and service provision, can suffer from reduced effectiveness as the number of executions increases.\ud
This paper illustrates Dell’s experience of such diminishing returns for its outsourced after sales product repair service and presents the development, of a new partner selection methodology which incorporates a new process improvement stage to be executed in combination with the final selection phase. This new methodology is underpinned by the development of a computer based simulation supply partner selection decision support tool for service provision. The paper highlights the significant additional cost saving benefits achievable and improvement in service through the use of advanced simulation based decision supports
Vortex pinning vs superconducting wire network: origin of periodic oscillations induced by applied magnetic fields in superconducting films with arrays of nanomagnets

Hybrid magnetic arrays embedded in superconducting films are ideal systems to study the competition between different physical (such as the coherence length) and structural length scales such as are available in artificially produced structures. This interplay leads to oscillation in many magnetically dependent superconducting properties such as the critical currents, resistivity and magnetization. These effects are generally analyzed using two distinct models based on vortex pinning or wire network. In this work, we show that for magnetic dot arrays, as opposed to antidot (i.e. holes) arrays, vortex pinning is the main mechanism for field induced oscillations in resistance R(H), critical current Ic(H), magnetization M(H) and ac-susceptibility χ ac(H) in a broad temperature range. Due to the coherence length divergence at Tc, a crossover to wire network behaviour is experimentally found. While pinning occurs in a wide temperature range up to Tc, wire network behaviour is only present in a very narrow temperature window close to Tc. In this temperature interval, contributions from both mechanisms are operational but can be experimentally distinguished
Invisible dark gauge boson search in top decays using a kinematic method

We discuss the discovery potential of a dark force carrier ( Z ′ ) of very light mass, m Z ′ ≲ O 1 − 10 $$ {m}_{\mathrm{Z}}^{\prime}\lesssim \mathcal{O}\left(1-10\right) $$ GeV, at hadron colliders via rare top quark decays, especially when it decays invisibly in typical search schemes. We emphasize that the top sector is promising for the discovery of new particles because top quark pairs are copiously produced at the Large Hadron Collider. The signal process is initiated by a rare top decay into a bottom quark and a charged Higgs boson ( H ± ) decaying subsequently into a W and one or multiple Z ′ s. The light Z ′ can be invisible in collider searches in various scenarios, and it would be hard to distinguish the relevant collider signature from the regular t t ¯ $$ t\overline{t} $$ process in the Standard Model. We suggest a search strategy using the recently proposed on-shell constrained M 2 variables. Our signal process is featured by an asymmetric event topology, while the t t ¯ $$ t\overline{t} $$ is symmetric . The essence behind the strategy is to evoke some contradiction in the relevant observables by applying the kinematic variables designed under the assumption of the t t ¯ $$ t\overline{t} $$ event topology. To see the viability of the proposed technique, we perform Monte Carlo simulations including realistic effects such as cuts, backgrounds, detector resolution, and so on at the LHC of s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 14 TeV
A parametric study on the axial behaviour of elastomeric isolators in multi-span bridges subjected to horizontal seismic excitations

This paper investigates the potential tensile loads and buckling effects on rubber-steel laminated bearings on bridges. These isolation bearings are typically used to support the deck on the piers and the abutments and reduce the effects of seismic loads and thermal effects on bridges. When positive means of fixing of the bearings to the deck and substructures are provided using bolts, the isolators are exposed to the possibility of tensile loads that may not meet the code limits. The uplift potential is increased when the bearings are placed eccentrically with respect to the pier axis such as in multi-span simply supported bridge decks. This particular isolator configuration may also result in excessive compressive loads, leading to bearing buckling or in the attainment of other unfavourable limit states for the bearings. In this paper, an extended computer-aided study is conducted on typical isolated bridge systems with multi-span simply-supported deck spans, showing that elastomeric bearings might undergo tensile stresses or exhibit buckling effects under certain design situations. It is shown that these unfavourable conditions can be avoided with the rational design of the bearing properties and in particular of the shape factor, which is the geometrical parameter controlling the axial bearing stiffness and capacity for a given shear stiffness. Alternatively, the unfavourable conditions could be reduced by reducing the flexural stiffness of the continuity slab
The peculiar electrical response of liquid crystal-carbon nanotube systems as seen by impedance spectroscopy

Conductive nanoparticles, especially elongated ones such as carbon nanotubes, dramatically modify the electrical behavior of liquid crystal cells. These nanoparticles are known to reorient with liquid crystals in electric fields, causing significant variations of conductivity at minute concentrations of tens or hundreds ppm. The above notwithstanding, impedance spectroscopy of doped cells in the frequency range customarily employed by liquid crystal devices, 100 Hz?10 kHz, shows a relatively simple resistor/capacitor response where the components of the cell can be univocally assigned to single components of the electrical equivalent circuit. However, widening the frequency range up to 1 MHz or beyond reveals a complex behavior that cannot be explained with the same simple EEC. Moreover, the system impedance varies with the application of electric fields, their effect remaining after removing the field. Carbon nanotubes are reoriented together with liquid crystal reorientation when applying voltage, but barely reoriented back upon liquid crystal relaxation once the voltage is removed. Results demonstrate a remarkable variation in the impedance of the dielectric blend formed by liquid crystal and carbon nanotubes, the irreversible orientation of the carbon nanotubes and possible permanent contacts between electrodes
Status and Performance of the ATLAS Experiment

International audienceATLAS is a general purpose experiment designed to exploit the full discovery potential of LHC. It consists of an inner detector immersed in a soleinodal magnetic field, hadronic and electromagnetic calorimeters and a muon spectrometer embedded in three air-core toroids. After a commissioning period with cosmic rays, ATLAS registered the first LHC proton-proton collisions at 900 GeV and 2.36 GeV center-of-mass energy in December 2009. Since 30 March 2010 the experiment is stably taking data at the energy of 7 TeV in the center of massd. The very good state of the ATLAS detector, performance study and first results with collision data are reported
Assessing Pragmatic Interoperability of Information Systems from a Semiotic Perspective

Part 1: Organizational Semiotics: Theory and ConceptsInternational audienceMost of studies on interoperability of systems integration focus on technical and semantic levels, but hardly extend investigations on pragmatic level. Our past work has addressed pragmatic interoperability, which is concerned with the relationship between signs and the potential behaviour and intention of responsible agents. We also define the pragmatic interoperability as a level concerning with the aggregation and optimisation of various business processes for achieving intended purposes of different information systems. This paper, as the extension of our previous research, is to propose an assessment method for measuring pragmatic interoperability of information systems. We firstly propose interoperability analysis framework, which is based on the concept of semiosis. We then develop pragmatic interoperability assessment process from two dimensions including six aspects (informal, formal, technical, substantive, communication, and control). We finally illustrate the assessment process in an example
From deterministic to stochastic surrender risk models: impact of correlation crises on economic capital

International audienceIn this paper we raise the matter of considering a stochastic modeling of the surrender rate instead of the classical S-shaped deterministic curve (in function of the spread), still used in almost all insurance companies. A stochastic model in which surrenders are conditionally independent with respect to a S-curve disturbance would be tempting in some extreme scenarii, especially to address the question of the lack of data. However, we explain why this conditional independence between policyholders, which has the advantage to be the simplest assumption, looks particularly maladaptive when the spread increases. Indeed the correlation between policyholders' decisions is most likely to increase in this situation. We suggest and develop a simple model which integrates those phenomena. With stochastic orders it is possible to compare it to the conditional independence approach qualitatively. In an partially internal Solvency II model, we quantify the impact of the correlation phenomenon on a real life portfolio for a global risk management strategy
Access to financing, rents, and organization of the firm

International audienceThis paper provides a theory for the choice of an organizational structure by the headquarters of a unitary structure concerned about overload. The headquarters can avoid overload by delegating operational decisions to divisions, i.e., moving the firm to a multidivisional structure. We show that, under moral hazard, these divisions receive rents for incentive purposes, and that the multidivisional structure is able to invest more. Thus, there is a trade-off between increasing investment and paying rents. We also show that this trade-off applies to situations where firms consider engaging in acquisitions and joint ventures, or where entrepreneurs consider resorting to venture capitalists
Ethylenedithio--Tetrathiafulvalene--Helicenes: Electroactive Helical Precursors with Switchable Chiroptical Properties

International audienceElectroactive fused ethylenedithio-tetrathiafulvalene-[4]helicene and -[6]helicenes have been synthesized through a strategy involving the preparation of 2,3-dibromo-helicene derivatives as intermediates. The dihedral angles between the terminal helicenes, as determined by single crystal X-ray analyses, amount to 22.7° and 50.7° for the [4]helicene and [6]helicene, respectively. The solid state architectures show interplay between S···S and ··· intermolecular interactions. The chiroptical properties of the enantiopure EDT-TTF-[6]helicene derivatives have been investigated and supported by TD DFT calculations. Remarkable redox switching of the circular dichroism signal between the neutral and radical cation species has been achieved
An HMM-based reputation model

International audienceIn modern global networks, principals usually have incomplete information about each other. Therefore trust and reputation frameworks have been recently adopted to maximise the security level by basing decision making on estimated trust values for network peers. Existing models for trust and reputation have ignored dynamic behaviours, or introduced ad hoc solutions. In this paper, we introduce the HMM-based reputation model for network principals, where the dynamic behaviour of each one is represented by a hidden Markov model (HMM). We describe the elements of this novel reputation model. In particular we detail the representation of reputation reports. We also describe a mixing scheme that efficiently approximates the behaviour of a trustee given multiple reports about it from different sources
SUMOylation promotes de novo targeting of HP1α to pericentric heterochromatin.

International audienceHP1 enrichment at pericentric heterochromatin is considered important for centromere function. Although HP1 binding to H3K9me3 can explain its accumulation at pericentric heterochromatin, how it is initially targeted there remains unclear. Here, in mouse cells, we reveal the presence of long nuclear noncoding transcripts corresponding to major satellite repeats at the periphery of pericentric heterochromatin. Furthermore, we find that major transcripts in the forward orientation specifically associate with SUMO-modified HP1 proteins. We identified this modification as SUMO-1 and mapped it in the hinge domain of HP1α. Notably, the hinge domain and its SUMOylation proved critical to promote the initial targeting of HP1α to pericentric domains using de novo localization assays, whereas they are dispensable for maintenance of HP1 domains. We propose that SUMO-HP1, through a specific association with major forward transcript, is guided at the pericentric heterochromatin domain to seed further HP1 localization