pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Fuzzy rule generation using data mining techniques to classify two-class BCI experiment

In recent years, the Graz Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) has been developed and different aspects of this new field of research such as feature extraction and classification, mode of operation, mental strategy, and type of feedback have been investigated. In this paper, a Fuzzy Rule-Based Classification System (FRBCS) is presented in which a novel approach for fuzzy rule generation is proposed. The proposed algorithm makes the use of data mining principles, which are used by frequent pattern mining algorithms. Employing these principles enables us to well generate rules for subsequent classification purposes. Finally, a rule-weighting mechanism is investigated to tune the rule-base to have better classification ability. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme features containing standard bandpower and adaptive autoregressive coefficients are determined on four subjects in order to increase the performance of a cue-based BCI system for imagery classification tasks (left and right hand movements). As comparative classifiers, a number of successful methods of classification including Adaboost, Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) have been assessed. The results show that the proposed method of classification is effective in prediction ability of choosing between the left and right imagery tasks.PRIB 2008 proceedings found at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88436-
General distress, hopelessness - suicidal ideation and worrying in adolescence:concurrent and predictive validity of a symptom-level bifactor model for clinical diagnoses

Background Clinical disorders often share common symptoms and aetiological factors. Bifactor models acknowledge the role of an underlying general distress component and more specific sub-domains of psychopathology which specify the unique components of disorders over and above a general factor. Methods A bifactor model jointly calibrated data on subjective distress from The Mood and Feelings Questionnaire and the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale. The bifactor model encompassed a general distress factor, and specific factors for (a) hopelessness - suicidal ideation, (b) generalised worrying and (c) restlessness - fatigue at age 14 which were related to lifetime clinical diagnoses established by interviews at ages 14 (concurrent validity) and current diagnoses at 17 years (predictive validity) in a British population sample of 1159 adolescents. Results Diagnostic interviews confirmed the validity of a symptom-level bifactor model. The underlying general distress factor was a powerful but non-specific predictor of affective, anxiety and behaviour disorders. The specific factors for hopelessness - suicidal ideation and generalised worrying contributed to predictive specificity. Hopelessness - suicidal ideation predicted concurrent and future affective disorder; generalised worrying predicted concurrent and future anxiety, specifically concurrent generalised anxiety disorders. Generalised worrying was negatively associated with behaviour disorders. Limitations The analyses of gender differences and the prediction of specific disorders was limited due to a low frequency of disorders other than depression. Conclusions The bifactor model was able to differentiate concurrent and predict future clinical diagnoses. This can inform the development of targeted as well as non-specific interventions for prevention and treatment of different disorders
Cationic State Distribution over the P700 Chlorophyll Pair in Photosystem I.

The primary electron donor P700 in photosystem I is composed of two chlorophylls, P(A) and P(B). P700 forms the cationic [P(A)/P(B)](•+) state as a result of light-induced electron transfer. We obtained a P(A)(•+)/P(B)(•+) ratio of 28:72 and a spin distribution of 22:78 for the entire PSI protein-pigment complex. By considering the influence of the protein components on the redox potential for one-electron oxidation of P(A)/P(B) monomers, we found that the following three factors significantly contributed to a large P(B)(•+) population relative to P(A)(•+): 1), Thr-A743 forming a H-bond with P(A); 2), P(A) as a chlorophyll a epimer; and 3), a conserved PsaA/PsaB pair, the Arg-A750/Ser-B734 residue. In addition, 4), the methyl-ester groups of the accessory chlorophylls A(-1A)/A(-1B) significantly stabilized the cationic [P(A)/P(B)](•+) state and 5), the methyl-ester group orientations were completely different in A(-1A) and A(-1B) as seen in the crystal structure. When the methyl-ester group was rotated, the spin-density distribution over P(A)/P(B) ranged from 22:78 to 15:85
In vivo imaging reveals PKA regulation of ERK activity during neutrophil recruitment to inflamed intestines.

生きたマウスの白血球の中で分子活性を可視化することに世界で初めて成功 -非ステロイド性抗炎症薬は白血球を活性化する-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2014-05-26.Many chemical mediators regulate neutrophil recruitment to inflammatory sites. Although the actions of each chemical mediator have been demonstrated with neutrophils in vitro, how such chemical mediators act cooperatively or counteractively in vivo remains largely unknown. Here, by in vivo two-photon excitation microscopy with transgenic mice expressing biosensors based on Förster resonance energy transfer, we time-lapse-imaged the activities of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase A (PKA) in neutrophils in inflamed intestinal tissue. ERK activity in neutrophils rapidly increased during spreading on the endothelial cells and showed positive correlation with the migration velocity on endothelial cells or in interstitial tissue. Meanwhile, in the neutrophils migrating in the interstitial tissue, high PKA activity correlated negatively with migration velocity. In contradiction to previous in vitro studies that showed ERK activation by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) engagement with prostaglandin receptor EP4, intravenous administration of EP4 agonist activated PKA, inhibited ERK, and suppressed migration of neutrophils. The opposite results were obtained using nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Therefore, NSAID-induced enteritis may be caused at least partially by the inhibition of EP4 receptor signaling of neutrophils. Our results demonstrate that ERK positively regulates the neutrophil recruitment cascade by promoting adhesion and migration steps
Deep CHANDRA monitoring observations of NGC 4649. Ii. Wide-field hubble space telescope imaging of the globular clusters

We present g and z photometry and size estimates for globular clusters (GCs) in the massive Virgo elliptical NGC 4649 (M60) using a five-pointing Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys mosaic. The metal-poor GCs show a monotonic negative metallicity gradient of –0.43 ± 0.10 dex per dex in radius over the full radial range of the data, out to ~24 kpc. There is evidence for substantial color substructure among the metal-rich GCs. The metal-poor GCs have typical sizes ~0.4 pc larger than the metal-rich GCs out to large galactocentric distances (gsim 20 kpc), favoring an intrinsic explanation for the size difference rather than projection effects. There is no clear relation between half-light radius and galactocentric distance beyond ~15 kpc, suggesting that the sizes of GCs are not generically set by tidal limitation. Finally, we identify ~20 candidate ultracompact dwarfs that extend down to surprisingly faint absolute magnitudes (Mz ~ –8.5), and may bridge the gap between this class and "extended clusters" in the Local Group. Three of the brighter candidates have published radial velocities and can be confirmed as bona fide ultracompact dwarfs; follow-up spectroscopy will determine the nature of the remainder of the candidates.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Theoretical status of Bs-mixing and lifetimes of heavy hadrons.

We review the theoretical status of the lifetime ratios τB+/τBd, τBs/τBd, τΛb/τBd and τBc and of the mixing quantities ΔMs, ΔΓs and ϕs. ΔMs and ΔΓs suffer from large uncertainties due to the badly known decay constants, while the ratio ΔΓs/ΔMs can be determined with almost no non-perturbative uncertainties, therefore it can be used perfectly to find possible new physics contributions in the mixing parameters. We suggest a very clear method of visualizing the bounds on new physics and demonstrate this by combining the latest experimental numbers on the mixing quantities quantities with theory – one already gets some hints for new physics contributions, but more precise experimental numbers are needed to draw some definite conclusions. We conclude with a ranking list of all the discussed quantities according to their current theoretical uncertainties and point out possible improvements
Reynolds-dependence of turbulent skin-friction drag reduction induced by
  spanwise forcing

This paper examines how increasing the value of the Reynolds number $Re$
affects the ability of spanwise-forcing techniques to yield turbulent
skin-friction drag reduction. The considered forcing is based on the
streamwise-travelling waves of spanwise wall velocity (Quadrio {\em et al. J.
Fluid Mech.}, vol. 627, 2009, pp. 161--178). The study builds upon an extensive
drag-reduction database created with Direct Numerical Simulation of a turbulent
channel flow for two, 5-fold separated values of $Re$, namely $Re_\tau=200$ and
$Re_\tau=1000$. The sheer size of the database, which for the first time
systematically addresses the amplitude of the forcing, allows a comprehensive
view of the drag-reducing characteristics of the travelling waves, and enables
a detailed description of the changes occurring when $Re$ increases. The effect
of using a viscous scaling based on the friction velocity of either the
non-controlled flow or the drag-reduced flow is described. In analogy with
other wall-based drag reduction techniques, like for example riblets, the
performance of the travelling waves is well described by a vertical shift of
the logarithmic portion of the mean streamwise velocity profile. Except when
$Re$ is very low, this shift remains constant with $Re$, at odds with the
percentage reduction of the friction coefficient, which is known to present a
mild, logarithmic decline. Our new data agree with the available literature,
which is however mostly based on low-$Re$ information and hence predicts a
quick drop of maximum drag reduction with $Re$. The present study supports a
more optimistic scenario, where for an airplane at flight Reynolds numbers a
drag reduction of nearly 30\% would still be possible thanks to the travelling
waves
Do characteristics of CEO and chairman influence government-linked companies performance?

Chairman is the leader of the board, responsibile to ensure that board is effective, communicate with the shareholders and a good relationship between board.While the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) plays a major role in managing and ensuring the business operations.This study examines the characteristics of CEO and Chairman of Government Linked Companies (GLCs) in Malaysia with firm performance using a sample of 80 companies for the period 2005-2009.This study finds that there are positive relationship among chairman's age, ethnicity, firm size and firm age, when regressed on Return on Assets (ROA).In terms of CEO characteristics, there are negative relationship for professional qualification, CEO age, firm age with ROA.In sum, it can be concluded that factors such as age, ethnicity, professional qualification, firm size and firm age do influence firm performance
Quantitative easing and the loan to collateral value ratio

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Volume 45, August 2014, Pages 146–164. doi:10.1016/j.jedc.2014.05.013Based in part on second author's doctoral dissertation, 2014 http://hdl.handle.net/10871/16503We study monetary optimal policy in a New Keynesian model at the zero bound
interest rate where households use cash alongside house equity borrowing to conduct
transactions. The amount of borrowing is limited by a collateral constraint. When either
the loan to value ratio declines or house prices fall, we observe a decrease in the money
multiplier. We argue that the central bank should respond to the fall in the money
multiplier and therefore to the reduction in house prices or the loan to collateral value
ratio. We also find that optimal monetary policy generates a large and persistent fall in
the money multiplier in response to the drop in the loan to collateral value ratio
CD8+T cell profiles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and their relationship to disease activity

Objective

CD8+T cells are abundant in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, their role in the disease pathogenesis is poorly defined. Here we investigated the relationship between disease activity and CD8+T cell phenotypes, production of cytokines and cytotoxic molecules in RA peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF).

Methods

CD8+T cell phenotypes were determined in 96 patients with RA (44 in remission, 34 with active disease) and in 64 gender and age-matched healthy controls (HC). Ten paired PB and SF samples from patients with active RA were analyzed. The expression of surface markers, cytokines and proteolytic enzymes in CD8+T cells was evaluated using flow-cytometry.

Results

The PB CD8+T cells from RA patients with active disease exhibited an effector CD27-CD62L- (p=0.005) phenotype with elevated proinflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17A) when compared to HC. The phenotype observed in patients with active disease persisted in remission, with a significant increase in the frequency of CD69 (p<0.001) and was associated with lower cytokine production. CD8+T cells from SF expressed more robust effector memory (CD27+CD62L-) and activated (CD69+) profiles compared with paired blood-derived subsets. Cytokine-production (IL-6, IL-17A, and IFN-γ) by CD8+T cells from PB and SF was positively correlated within individual donors. The production of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-17A) by CD8+T cells in the PB from RA patients positively correlated with DAS28.

Conclusion

Herein we characterize the activation status and proinflammatory potential of CD8+T cells subsets in RA patients. This activation status strongly suggests a local and systemic effector cytotoxic role in the disease
Conservation of the oligomeric state of native VDAC1 in detergent micelles.

The voltage-dependent anion-selective channel (VDAC) is an intrinsic β-barrel membrane protein located within the mitochondrial outer membrane where it serves as a pore, connecting the mitochondria to the cytosol. The high-resolution structures of both the human and murine VDACs have been resolved by X-ray diffraction and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) in 2008. However, the structural data are not completely in line with the findings that were obtained after decades of research on biochemical and functional analysis of VDAC. This discrepancy may be related to the fact that structural biology studies of membrane proteins reveal specific static conformations that may not necessarily represent the physiological state. For example, overexpression of membrane proteins in bacterial inclusion bodies or simply the extraction from the native lipid environment using harsh purification methods (i.e. chaotropic agents) can disturb the physiological conformations and the supramolecular assemblies. To address these potential issues, we have developed a method, allowing rapid one step purification of endogenous VDAC expressed in the native mitochondrial membrane without overexpression of recombinant protein or usage of harsh chaotropic extraction procedures. Using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae isoform 1 of VDAC as a model, this method yields efficient purification, preserving VDAC in a more physiological, native state following extraction from mitochondria. Single particle analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrated conservation of oligomeric assembly after purification. Maintenance of the native state was evaluated using functional assessment that involves an ATP-binding assay by micro-scale thermophoresis (MST). Using this approach, we were able to determine for the first time the apparent KD for ATP of 1.2 mM
Probing the $^{8}$He ground state via the $^{8}$He(p,t)$^{6}$He reaction

GANIL E405SThe weakly-bound 8He nucleus exhibits a neutron halo or thick neutron skin and is generally considered to have an α+4n structure in its ground state, with the four valence neutrons each occupying 1p3/2 states outside the α core. The 8He(p,t)6He reaction is a sensitive probe of the ground state structure of 8He, and we present a consistent analysis of new and existing data for this reaction at incident energies of 15.7 and Click to view the MathML source, respectively. Our results are incompatible with the usual assumption of a pure (1p3/2)4 structure and suggest that other configurations such as (1p3/2)2(1p1/2)2 may be present with significant probability in the ground state wave function of 8He
Cretaceous mantle exhumation in the central Pyrenees: New constraints from the peridotites in eastern Ariè ge (North Pyrenean zone, France)

International audienceWe provide new constraints on the modes of mantle exhumation and denudation in the pre-orogenic Pyrenees by investigating the poorly known peridotites located east of the Lherz body, in eastern Ariè ge (Vicdessos, Urs, Bestiac, Caussou and Prades main peridotitic bodies). We show that: (1) numerous peridotite bodies, not described so far, are constituted by decametric to sub-metric outcrops scattered between and around the main outcrops identified by Monchoux (1970); (2) most of the peridotites form blocks and lenses of various sizes, from millimetric monocrystalline grains to hectometric olistoliths, embedded in debris flows involving mainly Mesozoic metasediments; these peridotites can therefore be linked to the S-type peridotites of Lagabrielle et al. (2010), and share similarities with the peridotites of Lherz region (Clerc et al., 2012). All originated from tectono-sedimentary processes associated with mantle exhumation in relation with extreme thinning and breakoff of the continental basement; (3) the various petrographic characters of these peridotites and their heterogeneity in serpentinisation degree imply a peculiar mode of exhumation, which merges mantle fragments inherited from different structural levels; (4) the lack of tectonic structures such as faults and shear planes associated with the ultramafic-rich breccia formation and the presence of neoformation of metamorphic minerals within the matrix preclude their origin as cataclasites related to the Latest Cretaceous and Tertiary Pyrenean contractional deformation. The peridotites of eastern Ariè ge are indisputable witnesses of the presence of an inverted hyper-extended Cretaceous passive margin forming the current North Pyrenean zone. The geometry of the extensional system was complex and probably associated with strike-slip faults and transcurrent motion. ß 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Acadé mie des sciences. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Analysis of ocean-atmosphere coupling algorithms : consistency and stability

International audienceThis paper is focused on the numerical and computational issues associated to ocean-atmosphere coupling. It is shown that usual coupling methods do not provide the solution to the correct problem, but to an approaching one since they are equivalent to performing one single iteration of an iterative coupling method. The stability analysis of these ad-hoc methods is presented, and we motivate and propose the adaptation of a Schwarz domain decomposition method to ocean-atmosphere coupling to obtain a stable and consistent coupling method
The impact of international influence on microbanks' performance: A global survey

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in International Business Review. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in  International Business Review, 20(2), 163-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ibusrev.2010.07.006Microbanks serve micro-enterprises and poor people with financial services. This study examines how various aspects of international influence affect microbanks' financial and social performance. Grounded in agency theory and resource-based theory, we argue that there are multiple ways that the internationalization of microbanks might affect performance. Specifically, we argue that one can distinguish between four sources of such internationalization effects; international initiator, international directorship, international debt, and international affiliation/networks. This study utilizes data from 379 microbanks in 73 developing countries - assessed between 2001 and 2008. We find that the internationalization of microbanks to a large extend enhances social performance, but does not enhance financial performance
Key Aspects of Smart Grid Design for Distribution System Automation: Architecture and Responsibilities ☆

In the conventional distribution network, systems designed for the control of individual constituents are autonomous with each other with respect to architectures and controlling. Thus, centralized control and integrated functionality are the major challenges faced by the distribution system operators. To overcome these issues, the term “distribution system automation” came into picture by using information and communications technology (ICT)as a resolution that integrate all the critical constituents of a distribution system. This develops a smart environment at power distribution level, called as “smart microgrid” that can optimize the system economy and improve the system resiliency. The major challenge lies in distribution system automation is the selection of proper architecture and communications. In view of all these aspects, this paper present an overview of distribution system automation as a part of smartgrid initiatives and its important features viz., architecture layout and responsibilities
Nonparametric estimation of the derivatives of the stationary density for stationary processes

International audienceAbstract In this article, our aim is to estimate the successive derivatives of the stationary density $f$ of a strictly stationary and $ \beta$-mixing process$ \left(X_{t}\right)_{t\geq0}$. This process is observed at discrete times $t=0,\Delta,\ldots,n\Delta$. The sampling interval $\Delta$ can be fixed or small. We use a penalized least-square approach to compute adaptive estimators. If the derivative $f^{(j)}$ belongs to the Besov space $\mathcal{B}_{2,\infty}^{\alpha}$, then our estimator converges at rate $\left(n\Delta\right)^{-\alpha/(2\alpha+2j+1)}$. Then we consider a diffusion with known diffusion coefficient. We use the particular form of the stationary density to compute an adaptive estimator of its first derivative $f'$. When the sampling interval $\Delta$ tends to 0, and when the diffusion coefficient is known, the convergence rate of our estimator is $\left(n\Delta\right)^{-\alpha/(2\alpha+1)}$. When the diffusion coefficient is known, we also construct a quotient estimator of the drift for low-frequency data