pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Constraints on non-Standard Model Higgs boson interactions in an
  effective Lagrangian using differential cross sections measured in the $H
  \rightarrow \gamma\gamma$ decay channel at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS
  detector

The strength and tensor structure of the Higgs boson's interactions are
investigated within an effective field theory framework, which allows new
CP-even and CP-odd interactions that can lead to changes in the kinematic
properties of the Higgs boson and associated jet spectra. The parameters of the
effective field theory are probed using a fit to five differential cross
sections previously measured by the ATLAS experiment in the $H \rightarrow
\gamma\gamma$ decay channel with an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ at
$\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV. In order to perform a simultaneous fit to the five
distributions, the statistical correlations between them are determined by
re-analysing the $H \rightarrow \gamma\gamma$ candidate events in the
proton-proton collision data. No significant deviations from the Standard Model
are observed and limits on the effective field theory parameters are derived.
The statistical correlations are made publicly available to allow for future
analysis of theories with non-Standard Model interactions.Comment: 13 pages plus author list (30 pages total), 6 figures, 1 table,
  submitted to Phys. Lett. B, All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2015-02
Substellar objects in nearby young clusters (SONYC). VIII. Substellar population in Lupus 3

This work was co-funded under the Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission (FP7KCOFUND). A.S. acknowledges financial support through the grant 10/RFP/AST2780 from the Science Foundation Ireland. B.L.M. was supported by the Spanish Plan Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica through project AYA 2011-30147-C03-03. Support for this work also came from grants to R.J. from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.SONYC - Substellar Objects in Nearby Young Clusters - is a survey program to investigate the frequency and properties of substellar objects in nearby star-forming regions. We present a new imaging and spectroscopic survey conducted in the young (∼1 Myr), nearby (∼200 pc) star-forming region Lupus 3. Deep optical and near-infrared images were obtained with MOSAIC-II and NEWFIRM at the CTIO 4 m telescope, covering ∼1.4 deg2 on the sky. The i-band completeness limit of 20.3 mag is equivalent to 0.009-0.02 M☉, for AV ≤ 5. Photometry and 11-12 yr baseline proper motions were used to select candidate low-mass members of Lupus 3. We performed a spectroscopic follow-up of 123 candidates, using VIMOS at the Very Large Telescope, and we identify 7 probable members, among which 4 have spectral type later than M6.0 and Teff ≤ 3000 K, i.e., are probably substellar in nature. Two of the new probable members of Lupus 3 appear underluminous for their spectral class and exhibit emission line spectrum with strong Hα or forbidden lines associated with active accretion. We derive a relation between the spectral type and effective temperature: Teff = (4120 ± 175)-(172 ± 26) × SpT, where SpT refers to the M spectral subtype between 1 and 9. Combining our results with the previous works on Lupus 3, we show that the spectral type distribution is consistent with that in other star-forming regions, as well as the derived star-to-brown dwarf ratio of 2.0-3.3. We compile a census of all spectroscopically confirmed low-mass members with spectral type M0 or later.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Proton transfer reactions of N-aryl triazolium salts : unusual ortho-substituent effects

The authors thank the EPSRC (D. E. T., R. S. and C. J. C.) and Durham University (P. Q., D. J. J. and C. R. B.) for funding of this project.Previous studies of the C(3)-hydrogen/deuterium exchange reactions of the triazolium ion conjugate acids of triazolyl N-heterocyclic carbenes revealed a change of mechanism under acidic conditions with N1-protonation to a dicationic salt. Interestingly, the data suggested an increase in pKaN1 in the presence of a N-pentafluorophenyl substituent relative to other N-aryl substituents with hydrogens or methyl substituents rather than fluorines at the ortho-positions. To probe the presence of an apparent donor effect of a N-pentafluorophenyl substituent, which differs from the more common electron withdrawing effect of this group, we have studied the analogous deuterium exchange reactions of four triazolium salts with heteroatoms or heteroatom substituents in the 2-position and/or 6-position of the N-aryl ring. These include triazolium salts with N-2,4,6-tribromophenyl 11, N-2,6-dichlorophenyl 12, N-2-pyridyl 13 and N-2-pyrimidinyl 14 substituents. The log kex – pD profiles for 11, 12 and 14 were found to show similar trends at lower pDs as for the previously studied N-pentafluorophenyl triazolium salt, hence supporting the presence an apparent donor effect on pKaN1. Surprisingly, the log kex – pD profile for N-pyridyl salt 13 uniquely showed acid catalysis at lower pDs. We propose herein that this data is best explained by invoking an intramolecular general base role for the N-(2-pyridyl) substituent in conjunction with N1-protonation on the triazolium ring. Finally, the second order rate constants for deuteroxide ion catalysed C(3)-H/D exchange (kDO, M−1 s−1), which could be obtained from data at pDs >1.5, were used to provide estimates of C(3)-carbon acid pKaC3 values for the four triazolium salts 11, 12, 13, 14.PostprintPeer reviewe
New investigations at Kalambo Falls, Zambia : Luminescence chronology, site formation, and archaeological significance

Sponsorship: NERC; AHRC RONO: NER/T/S/2002/00677; AN865/APN16171Fluvial deposits can provide excellent archives of early hominin activity but may be complex to interpret, especially without extensive geochronology. The Stone Age site of Kalambo Falls, northern Zambia, has yielded a rich artefact record from dominantly fluvial deposits, but its significance has been restricted by uncertainties over site formation processes and a limited chronology. Our new investigations in the centre of the Kalambo Basin have used luminescence to provide a chronology and have provided key insights into the geomorphological and sedimentological processes involved in site formation. Excavations reveal a complex assemblage of channel and floodplain deposits. Single grain quartz optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) measurements provide the most accurate age estimates for the youngest sediments, but in older deposits the OSL signal from some grains is saturated. A different luminescence signal from quartz, thermally transferred OSL (TT-OSL), can date these older deposits. OSL and TT-OSL results are combined to provide a chronology for the site. Ages indicate four phases of punctuated deposition by the dominantly laterally migrating and vertically aggrading Kalambo River (?500?300 ka, ?300?50 ka, ?50?30 ka, ?1.5?0.49 ka), followed by deep incision and renewed lateral migration at a lower topographic level. A conceptual model for site formation provides the basis for improved interpretation of the generation, preservation, and visibility of the Kalambo archaeological record. This model highlights the important role of intrinsic meander dynamics in site formation and does not necessarily require complex interpretations that invoke periodic blocking of the Kalambo River, as has previously been suggested. The oldest luminescence ages place the Mode 2/3 transition between ?500 and 300 ka, consistent with other African and Asian sites where a similar transition can be found. The study approach adopted here can potentially be applied to other fluvial Stone Age sites throughout Africa and beyondpublishersversionPeer reviewe
Exploring dependence between categorical variables : benefits and limitations of using variable selection within Bayesian clustering in relation to log-linear modelling with interaction terms

This work was supported by MRC grant G1002319.This manuscript is concerned with relating two approaches that can be used to explore complex dependence structures between categorical variables, namely Bayesian partitioning of the covariate space incorporating a variable selection procedure that highlights the covariates that drive the clustering, and log-linear modelling with interaction terms. We derive theoretical results on this relation and discuss if they can be employed to assist log-linear model determination, demonstrating advantages and limitations with simulated and real data sets. The main advantage concerns sparse contingency tables. Inferences from clustering can potentially reduce the number of covariates considered and, subsequently, the number of competing log-linear models, making the exploration of the model space feasible. Variable selection within clustering can inform on marginal independence in general, thus allowing for a more efficient exploration of the log-linear model space. However, we show that the clustering structure is not informative on the existence of interactions in a consistent manner. This work is of interest to those who utilize log-linear models, as well as practitioners such as epidemiologists that use clustering models to reduce the dimensionality in the data and to reveal interesting patterns on how covariates combine.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
STARTVerso1: A randomized trial of faldaprevir plus pegylated interferon/ribavirin for chronic HCV genotype-1 infection.

BACKGROUND & AIMS\ud
\ud
The efficacy and tolerability of faldaprevir, a potent hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease inhibitor, plus peginterferon and ribavirin was assessed in a double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study of treatment-naïve patients with HCV genotype-1 infection.\ud
\ud
METHODS\ud
\ud
Patients were randomly assigned (1:2:2) to peginterferon/ribavirin plus: placebo (arm 1, n=132) for 24 weeks; faldaprevir (120 mg, once daily) for 12 or 24 weeks (arm 2, n=259); or faldaprevir (240 mg, once daily) for 12 weeks (arm 3, n=261). In arms 2 and 3, patients with early treatment success (HCV RNA <25 IU/mL at week 4 and undetectable at week 8) stopped all treatment at week 24. Other patients received peginterferon/ribavirin until week 48 unless they met futility criteria. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response 12 weeks post-treatment (SVR12).\ud
\ud
RESULTS\ud
\ud
SVR12 was achieved by 52%, 79%, and 80% of patients in arms 1, 2, and 3, respectively (estimated difference for arms 2 and 3 versus arm 1: 27%, 95% confidence interval 17%-36%; and 29%, 95% confidence interval, 19%-38%, respectively; P<.0001 for both). Early treatment success was achieved by 87% (arm 2) and 89% (arm 3) of patients, of whom 86% and 89% achieved SVR12. Adverse event rates were similar among groups; few adverse events led to discontinuation of all regimen components.\ud
\ud
CONCLUSIONS\ud
\ud
Faldaprevir plus peginterferon/ribavirin significantly increased SVR12, compared with peginterferon/ribavirin, in treatment-naïve patients with HCV genotype-1 infection. There do not seem to be any differences in responses of patients given once-daily 120 or 240 mg faldaprevir
Physical mechanism of the compressive response of F-actin\ud
networks : significance of crosslinker unbinding events

A model of crosslinker unbinding is implemented in a highly coarsegrained granular model of F-actin cytoskeleton. We employ this specific granular model to study the mechanisms of the compressive responses of F-actin networks. It is found that the compressive response of F-actin cytoskeleton has dependency on the strain rate. The evolution of deformation energy in the network indicates that crosslinker unbinding events can induce the remodelling of F-actin cytoskeleton in response to external loadings. The internal stress in F-actin cytoskeleton can efficiently dissipate with the help of crosslinker unbinding, which could lead to the spontaneous relaxation of living cells
Reconstruction of ice complex remnants on the eastern Siberian arctic shelf

Based on the analysis of seafloor topography together with historical, geological and palaeogeographical data obtained from published and archived sources, the position of former Ice Complex (IC) islands has been reconstructed. Within the Laptev Sea shelf and in the western part of the East Siberian Sea shelf, most of these islands have been destroyed by coastal thermal erosion and thermal abrasion during the last thousand years or so. The IC islands were the remnants of the ice-rich syncryogenic freshwater terrestrial deposits (so called IC), which covered most of the arctic coastal plains and the emerged arctic shelf during the Late Pleistocene. At the present time, sandbanks exist at the places of former IC islands. These sandbanks are the subject of intense seafloor thermal abrasion. The approximate rates of seafloor thermal abrasion and the time of complete disappearance of these islands during the last thousand years have been estimated. The rate is different for different islands and for different time intervals. The most common values are between 0.02 and 0.3 m/year. Schematic maps of the former IC islands within the Laptev Sea and western part of the East Siberian Sea shelves have been compiled
Search for an extended VHE gamma-ray emission from Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 with the MAGIC Telescope

Part of the very high energy gamma-ray radiation coming from extragalactic sources is absorbed through the pair production process on the extragalactic background light photons. Extragalactic magnetic fields alter the trajectories of these cascade pairs and, in turn, convert cosmic background photons to gamma-ray energies by inverse Compton scattering. These secondary photons can form an extended halo around bright VHE sources. We searched for an extended emission around the bright blazars Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 using the MAGIC telescope data. If extended emission is present, the angular distribution of reconstructed gamma-ray arrival directions around the source is broader than for a point-like source. In the analysis of a few tens of hours of observational data taken from Mrk 421 and Mrk 501 we used a newly developed method that provides better angular resolution. This method is based on the usage of multidimensional decision trees. Comparing the measured shapes of angular distributions with those expected from a point-like source one can detect or constrain possible extended emission around the source. We also studied the influence of different types of systematic errors on the shape of the distribution of reconstructed gamam-ray arrival directions for a point source. We present upper limits for an extended emission calculated for both sources for various source extensions and emission profiles. We obtain upper limits on the extended emission around the Mrk 421 (Mrk 501) on the level of &lt;5% (&lt;4%) of the Crab Nebula flux above the energy threshold of 300 GeV. Using these results we discuss possible constraints on the extragalactic magnetic fields strength around a few times 10^(-15) G
Discovery of VHE gamma-ray emission from the BL Lac object B3 2247+381 with the MAGIC telescopes

We study the non-thermal jet emission of the BL Lac object B3 2247+381 during a high optical state. The MAGIC telescopes observed the source during 13 nights between September 30th and October 30th 2010, collecting a total of 14.2 hours of good quality very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray data. Simultaneous multiwavelength data was obtained with X-ray observations by the Swift satellite and optical R-band observations at the KVA-telescope. We also use high energy gamma-ray (HE, 0.1 GeV-100 GeV) data from the Fermi satellite. The BL Lac object B3 2247+381 (z=0.119) was detected, for the first time, at VHE gamma-rays at a statistical significance of 5.6 sigma. A soft VHE spectrum with a photon index of -3.2 +- 0.6 was determined. No significant short term flux variations were found. We model the spectral energy distribution using a one-zone SSC-model, which can successfully describe our data
The exposure of the hybrid detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Pierre Auger Observatory is a detector for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. It consists of a surface array to measure secondary particles at ground level and a fluorescence detector to measure the development of air showers in the atmosphere above the array. The “hybrid” detection mode combines the information from the two subsystems. We describe the determination of the hybrid exposure for events observed by the fluorescence telescopes in coincidence with at least one water-Cherenkov detector of the surface array. A detailed knowledge of the time dependence of the detection operations is crucial for an accurate evaluation of the exposure. We discuss the relevance of monitoring data collected during operations, such as the status of the fluorescence detector, background light and atmospheric conditions, that are used in both simulation and reconstruction
Coherent rho(0) photoproduction in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV

We report the first measurement at the LHC of coherent photoproduction of ρ0 mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb-Pb collisions. The invariant mass and transverse momentum distributions for ρ0 production are studied in the π+π− decay channel at mid-rapidity. The production cross section in the rapidity range |y|&lt;0.5 is found to be dσ/dy=425±10(stat.) +42−50(sys.) mb. Coherent ρ0 production is studied with and without requirement of nuclear breakup, and the fractional yields for various breakup scenarios are presented. The results are compared with those from lower energies and with model predictions
Search for top-squark pairs decaying into Higgs or Z bosons in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

A search for supersymmetry through the direct pair production of top squarks, with Higgs (H) or Z bosons in the decay chain, is performed using a data sample of proton–proton collisions at View the MathML sources=8 TeV collected in 2012 with the CMS detector at the LHC. The sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−1. The search is performed using a selection of events containing leptons and bottom-quark jets. No evidence for a significant excess of events over the standard model background prediction is observed. The results are interpreted in the context of simplified supersymmetric models with pair production of a heavier top-squark mass eigenstate View the MathML sourcet˜2 decaying to a lighter top-squark mass eigenstate View the MathML sourcet˜1 via either View the MathML sourcet˜2→Ht˜1 or View the MathML sourcet˜2→Zt˜1, followed in both cases by View the MathML sourcet˜1→tχ˜10, where View the MathML sourceχ˜10 is an undetected, stable, lightest supersymmetric particle. The interpretation is performed in the region where the mass difference between the View the MathML sourcet˜1 and View the MathML sourceχ˜10 states is approximately equal to the top-quark mass (View the MathML sourcemt˜1−mχ˜10≃mt), which is not probed by searches for direct View the MathML sourcet˜1 squark pair production. The analysis excludes top squarks with masses View the MathML sourcemt˜2<575 GeV and View the MathML sourcemt˜1<400 GeV at a 95% confidence level
Analyzing logic programs using ''prop''-ositional logic programs and a magic wand

This paper illustrates the role of a class of ''prop''-ositional logic programs in the analysis of complex properties of logic programs. Analyses are performed by abstracting Prolog programs to corresponding ''prop''-ositional logic programs which approximate the original programs and have finite meanings. We focus on a groundness analysis which is equivalent to that obtained by abstract interpretation using the domain Prop. The main contribution is in the ease in which a highly efficient implementation of the analysis is obtained. The implementation is bottom-up and provides approximations of a program's success patter-os. Goal-dependent information such as call patterns is obtained using a magic-set transformation. A novel compositional approach is applied so that call patterns for arbitrary goals are derived in a precise and efficient way.status: publishe
Spectator Detection for the Measurement of Proton-Neutron Interactions at ANKE

A telescope of three silicon detectors has been installed close to the internal target position of the ANKE spectrometer, which is situated inside the ultra-high vacuum of the COSYJulich light-ion storage ring. The detection and identification of slow protons and deuterons emerging from a deuterium cluster-jet target thus becomes feasible. A good measurement of the energy and angle of such a spectator proton (p(sp)) allows one to identify a reaction as having taken place on the neutron in the target and then to determine the kinematical variables of the ion-neutron system on an event-by-event basis over a range of c.m. energies.The system has been successfully tested under laboratory conditions. By measuring the spectator proton in the pd-->p(sp)dpi(0) reaction in coincidence with a fast deuteron in the ANKE Forward Detector, values of the pn-->dpi(0) total cross-section have been deduced. Further applications of the telescope include the determination of the luminosity and beam polarisation which are required for several experiments. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Toward a reassessment of the 19 F(p,  α0 ) 16 O reaction rate at astrophysical temperatures

The 19 F(p,  α0 ) 16 O reaction at low energies plays an important role in fundamental physics. In particular in nuclear astrophysics it represents, together with the 19 F(p,  γ ) 20 Ne reaction, the crossing point between the CNO and the NeNa cycles in stars. Further, in hydrogen-rich stellar environments, it is the most important fluorine destruction channel. In this paper we report new measurements on the 19 F(p,  α0 ) 16 O reaction at deeply sub-Coulomb energies (0.2–0.6 MeV), a region where, despite the key role of this reaction, very few and old data are reported. The deduced astrophysical S -factor is ≈1.5–2 times larger than currently adopted extrapolations with possibly important astrophysical consequences
Saddle point inflation from f(R) theory

We analyse several saddle point inflationary scenarios based on power-law f(R) models. We investigate inflation resulting from f(R)=R+αnM2(1−n)Rn+αn+1M−2nRn+1 and f(R)=∑nlαnM2(1−n)Rn as well as l→∞ limit of the latter. In all cases we have found relation between αn coefficients and checked consistency with the PLANCK data as well as constraints coming from the stability of the models in question. Each of the models provides solutions which are both stable and consistent with PLANCK data, however only in parts of the parameter space where inflation starts on the plateau of the potential, some distance from the saddle. And thus all the correct solutions bear some resemblance to the Starobinsky model
Topological vertex for Higgsed 5d T N theories

We analyse the computation of the partition function of 5d T N theories in Higgs branches using the topological vertex. The theories are realised by a web of ( p, q ) 5-branes whose dual description may be given by an M-theory compactification on a certain local non-toric Calabi-Yau threefold. We explicitly show how it is possible to directly apply the topological vertex to the non-toric geometry. Using this novel technique, which considerably simplifies the computation by the existing method, we are able to compute the partition function of the higher rank E 6 , E 7 and E 8 theories. Moreover we show how in some specific cases similar results can be extended to the computation of the partition function of 5d T N theories in the Higgs branch using the refined topological vertex. These cases require a modification of the refined topological vertex