pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Inflation and Dark Matter in the Inert Doublet Model

We discuss inflation and dark matter in the inert doublet model coupled
non-minimally to gravity where the inert doublet is the inflaton and the
neutral scalar part of the doublet is the dark matter candidate. We calculate
the various inflationary parameters like $n_s$, $r$ and $P_s$ and then proceed
to the reheating phase where the inflaton decays into the Higgs and other gauge
bosons which are non-relativistic owing to high effective masses. These bosons
further decay or annihilate to give relativistic fermions which are finally
responsible for reheating the universe. At the end of the reheating phase, the
inert doublet which was the inflaton enters into thermal equilibrium with the
rest of the plasma and its neutral component later freezes out as cold dark
matter with a mass of about 2 TeV.Comment: 21 pages, 7 figures, 1 table; some explanations added; references
  added; version published in JHE
Gauge Backgrounds and Zero-Mode Counting in F-Theory

Computing the exact spectrum of charged massless matter is a crucial step
towards understanding the effective field theory describing F-theory vacua in
four dimensions. In this work we further develop a coherent framework to
determine the charged massless matter in F-theory compactified on elliptic
fourfolds, and demonstrate its application in a concrete example. The gauge
background is represented, via duality with M-theory, by algebraic cycles
modulo rational equivalence. Intersection theory within the Chow ring allows us
to extract coherent sheaves on the base of the elliptic fibration whose
cohomology groups encode the charged zero-mode spectrum. The dimensions of
these cohomology groups are computed with the help of modern techniques from
algebraic geometry, which we implement in the software gap. We exemplify this
approach in models with an Abelian and non-Abelian gauge group and observe
jumps in the exact massless spectrum as the complex structure moduli are
varied. An extended mathematical appendix gives a self-contained introduction
to the algebro-geometric concepts underlying our framework.Comment: 41 pages + extended appendice
Donaldson-Witten theory and indefinite theta functions

We consider partition functions with insertions of surface operators of
topologically twisted N=2, SU(2) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory, or
Donaldson-Witten theory for short, on a four-manifold. If the metric of the
compact four-manifold has positive scalar curvature, Moore and Witten have
shown that the partition function is completely determined by the integral over
the Coulomb branch parameter $a$, while more generally the Coulomb branch
integral captures the wall-crossing behavior of both Donaldson polynomials and
Seiberg-Witten invariants. We show that after addition of a Q-exact surface
operator to the Moore-Witten integrand, the integrand can be written as a total
derivative to the anti-holomorphic coordinate $\bar a$ using Zwegers'
indefinite theta functions. In this way, we reproduce G\"ottsche's expressions
for Donaldson invariants of rational surfaces in terms of indefinite theta
functions for any choice of metric.Comment: 23 pages + appendices, comments welcome. v2: published versio
Non-geometric Calabi-Yau Backgrounds and K3 automorphisms

We consider compactifications of type IIA superstring theory on mirror-folds
obtained as K3 fibrations over two-tori with non-geometric monodromies
involving mirror symmetries. At special points in the moduli space these are
asymmetric Gepner models. The compactifications are constructed from
non-geometric automorphisms that arise from the diagonal action of an
automorphism of the K3 surface and of an automorphism of the mirror surface. We
identify the corresponding gaugings of N=4 supergravity in four dimensions, and
show that the minima of the potential describe the same four-dimensional
low-energy physics as the worldsheet formulation in terms of asymmetric Gepner
models. In this way, we obtain a class of Minkowski vacua of type II string
theory which preserve N=2 supersymmetry. The massless sector consists of N=2
supergravity coupled to 3 vector multiplets, giving the STU model. In some
cases there are additional massless hypermultiplets.Comment: 48 pages, no figures; v2: few typos corrected, one rephrased
  statement in subsection 5.
Prediction of the $CP$ asymmetry $C_{00}$ in $B^0 \to D^0\overline{D^0}$
  decay

Of all $B \to D \overline{D}$ decays, the $B^0 \to D^0 \overline{D^0}$ decay
has the smallest observed branching ratio as it takes place primarily via the
suppressed $W$-exchange diagram. The $CP$ asymmetry for this mode is yet to be
measured experimentally. By exploiting the relationship among the decay
amplitudes of $B \to D\overline{D}$ decays (using isospin and topological
amplitudes) we are able to relate the $CP$ asymmetries and branching ratios by
a simple expression. This enables us to predict the $CP$ asymmetry $C_{00}$ in
$B^0 \to D^0 \overline{D^0}$. While the predicted central values of $C_{00}$
are outside the physically allowed region, they are currently associated with
large uncertainties owing to the large errors in the measurements of the $B^0
\to D^0 \overline{D^0}$ branching ratio ($B_{00}$), the other $CP$ asymmetries
$C_{+-}$ (of $B^0 \to D^+ D^-$) and $A_{\text{CP}}$ (of $B^+ \to D^+
\overline{D^0}$). With a precise determination of $B_{00}$, $C_{+-}$ and
$A_{\text{CP}}$, one can use our analytical result to predict $C_{00}$ with a
reduced error and compare it with the experimental measurement when it becomes
available. The correlation between $B_{00}$ and $C_{00}$ is an interesting
aspect that can be probed in ongoing and future particle physics experiments
such as LHCb and Belle II.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in JHE
On expansions in neutrino effective field theory

We match the seesaw model for generating neutrino masses onto the Standard
Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). We perform this matching at tree level up
to dimension seven in the operator expansion. We explain how some of the
perturbations of the neutrino mass matrix due to operators of mass dimension
greater than five are tied to integrating out the heavy Majorana mass
eigenstates in sequence. We demonstrate that the low energy limit of seesaw
models are well described by the SMEFT, particularly when constructed using a
flavour space expansion. Flavour space expansions of seesaw models are of
interest as the coupling of the heavy states to the Standard Model, that are
integrated out to generate neutrino masses, are through flavour space vectors
$\in \mathbb{C}^3$. We point out that neutrino phenomenology can be
systematically developed as a perturbation around the unknown eigenvectors
diagonalizing the charged lepton mass matrix using the fact that these
eigenvectors also form a basis of $\mathbb{C}^3$. This point holds in seesaw
models and can also be applied to other models of neutrino mass generation to
develop systematic expansions. We develop the algebra for this flavour space
and discuss some phenomenology to illustrate this approach.Comment: 16 pages + appendix, 3 figures, one nice algebra, V3: minor
  correction
Superconformal Chern-Simons Theories from del Pezzo Geometries

We present an explicit expression for the grand potential of the U(N)^3
superconformal Chern-Simons theory with the Chern-Simons levels being (k,0,-k).
From the viewpoint of the Newton polygon, it is expected that the grand
potential is given by the free energy of the topological string theory on the
local D_5 del Pezzo geometry, though the explicit identification was a puzzle
for years. We show how the expectation is realized explicitly. As a bonus, we
can also study the Z_2 orbifold of this theory and find the grand potential is
now given in terms of the local E_7 del Pezzo geometry.Comment: 47 pages; v3: typos corrected, published versio
From 3d duality to 2d duality

In this paper we discuss $3d$ ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories and
their IR dualities when they are compactified on a circle of radius $r$, and
when we take the $2d$ limit in which $r\to 0$. The $2d$ limit depends on how
the mass parameters are scaled as $r\to 0$, and often vacua become infinitely
distant in the $2d$ limit, leading to a direct sum of different $2d$ theories.
For generic mass parameters, when we take the same limit on both sides of a
duality, we obtain $2d$ dualities (between gauge theories and/or
Landau-Ginzburg theories) that pass all the usual tests. However, when there
are non-compact branches the discussion is subtle because the metric on the
moduli space, which is not controlled by supersymmetry, plays an important role
in the low-energy dynamics after compactification. Generally speaking, for IR
dualities of gauge theories, we conjecture that dualities involving non-compact
Higgs branches survive. On the other hand when there is a non-compact Coulomb
branch on at least one side of the duality, the duality fails already when the
$3d$ theories are compactified on a circle. Using the valid reductions we
reproduce many known $2d$ IR dualities, giving further evidence for their
validity, and we also find new $2d$ dualities
Symmetries of the refined D1/D5 BPS spectrum

We examine the large $N$ 1/4-BPS spectrum of the symmetric orbifold CFT
Sym$^N(M)$ deformed to the supergravity point in moduli space for $M= K3$ and
$T^4$. We consider refinement under both left- and right-moving $SU(2)_R$
symmetries of the superconformal algebra, and decompose the spectrum into
characters of the algebra. We find that at large $N$ the character
decomposition satisfies an unusual property, in which the degeneracy only
depends on a certain linear combination of left- and right-moving quantum
numbers, suggesting deeper symmetry structure. Furthermore, we consider the
action of discrete symmetry groups on these degeneracies, where certain
subgroups of the Conway group are known to play a role. We also comment on the
potential for larger discrete symmetry groups to appear in the large $N$ limit.Comment: 27 pages + appendices; v2: minor change
Electroweak Splitting Functions and High Energy Showering

We derive the electroweak (EW) collinear splitting functions for the Standard
Model, including the massive fermions, gauge bosons and the Higgs boson. We
first present the splitting functions in the limit of unbroken SU(2)xU(1) and
discuss their general features in the collinear and soft-collinear regimes. We
then systematically incorporate EW symmetry breaking (EWSB), which leads to the
emergence of additional "ultra-collinear" splitting phenomena and naive
violations of the Goldstone-boson Equivalence Theorem. We suggest a
particularly convenient choice of non-covariant gauge (dubbed "Goldstone
Equivalence Gauge") that disentangles the effects of Goldstone bosons and gauge
fields in the presence of EWSB, and allows trivial book-keeping of leading
power corrections in the VEV. We implement a comprehensive, practical EW
showering scheme based on these splitting functions using a Sudakov evolution
formalism. Novel features in the implementation include a complete accounting
of ultra-collinear effects, matching between shower and decay, kinematic
back-reaction corrections in multi-stage showers, and mixed-state evolution of
neutral bosons (gamma/Z/h) using density-matrices. We employ the EW showering
formalism to study a number of important physical processes at O(1-10 TeV)
energies. They include (a) electroweak partons in the initial state as the
basis for vector-boson-fusion; (b) the emergence of "weak jets" such as those
initiated by transverse gauge bosons, with individual splitting probabilities
as large as O(30%); (c) EW showers initiated by top quarks, including Higgs
bosons in the final state; (d) the occurrence of O(1) interference effects
within EW showers involving the neutral bosons; and (e) EW corrections to new
physics processes, as illustrated by production of a heavy vector boson (W')
and the subsequent showering of its decay products.Comment: 67 pages, 12 figures; v2, published in JHEP, some expanded
  discussions and other minor revision
Charged Composite Scalar Dark Matter

We consider a composite model where both the Higgs and a complex scalar
$\chi$, which is the dark matter (DM) candidate, arise as light pseudo
Nambu-Goldstone bosons (pNGBs) from a strongly coupled sector with TeV scale
confinement. The global symmetry structure is $SO(7)/SO(6)$, and the DM is
charged under an exact $U(1)_{\rm DM} \subset SO(6)$ that ensures its
stability. Depending on whether the $\chi$ shift symmetry is respected or
broken by the coupling of the top quark to the strong sector, the DM can be
much lighter than the Higgs or have a weak-scale mass. Here we focus primarily
on the latter possibility. We introduce the lowest-lying composite resonances
and impose calculability of the scalar potential via generalized Weinberg sum
rules. Compared to previous analyses of pNGB DM, the computation of the relic
density is improved by fully accounting for the effects of the fermionic top
partners. This plays a crucial role in relaxing the tension with the current DM
direct detection constraints. The spectrum of resonances contains exotic top
partners charged under the $U(1)_{\rm DM}$, whose LHC phenomenology is
analyzed. We identify a region of parameters with $f = 1.4\; \mathrm{TeV}$ and
$200\;\mathrm{GeV} \lesssim m_\chi \lesssim 400\;\mathrm{GeV}$ that satisfies
all existing bounds. This DM candidate will be tested by XENON1T in the near
future.Comment: 36 pages + appendices and references, 10 figures. v2: minor
  modifications, references added. Matches version published in JHE
Multi-Higgs doublet models: physical parametrization, sum rules and
  unitarity bounds

If the scalar sector of the Standard Model is non-minimal, one might expect
multiple generations of the hypercharge-1/2 scalar doublet analogous to the
generational structure of the fermions. In this work, we examine the structure
of a Higgs sector consisting of N Higgs doublets (where N \geq 2). It is
particularly convenient to work in the so-called charged Higgs basis, in which
the neutral Higgs vacuum expectation value resides entirely in the first Higgs
doublet, and the charged components of remaining N-1 Higgs doublets are
mass-eigenstate fields.
  We elucidate the interactions of the gauge bosons with the physical Higgs
scalars and the Goldstone bosons and show that they are determined by an Nx2N
matrix. This matrix depends on (N-1)(2N-1) real parameters that are associated
with the mixing of the neutral Higgs fields in the charged Higgs basis. Among
these parameters, N-1 are unphysical (and can be removed by rephasing the
physical charged Higgs fields), and the remaining 2(N-1)^2 parameters are
physical. We also demonstrate a particularly simple form for the cubic
interaction and some of the quartic interactions of the Goldstone bosons with
the physical Higgs scalars. These results are applied in the derivation of
Higgs coupling sum rules and tree-level unitarity bounds that restrict the size
of the quartic scalar couplings. In particular, new applications to three Higgs
doublet models with an order-4 CP symmetry and with a Z_3 symmetry,
respectively, are presented.Comment: 66 pages, 3 figures. v2: refs adde
Full action of two deformation operators in the D1D5 CFT

We are interested in thermalization in the D1D5 CFT, since this process is
expected to be dual to black hole formation. We expect that the lowest order
process where thermalization occurs will be at second order in the perturbation
that moves us away from the orbifold point. The operator governing the
deformation off of the orbifold point consists of a twist operator combined
with a supercharge operator acting on this twist. In a previous paper we
computed the action of two twist operators on an arbitrary state of the CFT. In
the present work we compute the action of the supercharges on these twist
operators, thereby obtaining the full action of two deformation operators on an
arbitrary state of the CFT. We show that the full amplitude can be related to
the amplitude with just the twists through an action of the supercharge
operators on the initial and final states. The essential part of this
computation consists of moving the contours from the twist operators to the
initial and final states; to do this one must first map the amplitude to a
covering space where the twists are removed, and then map back to the original
space on which the CFT is defined.Comment: 48 pages, 2 figure
Liouville Action as Path-Integral Complexity: From Continuous Tensor
  Networks to AdS/CFT

We propose an optimization procedure for Euclidean path-integrals that
evaluate CFT wave functionals in arbitrary dimensions. The optimization is
performed by minimizing certain functional, which can be interpreted as a
measure of computational complexity, with respect to background metrics for the
path-integrals. In two dimensional CFTs, this functional is given by the
Liouville action. We also formulate the optimization for higher dimensional
CFTs and, in various examples, find that the optimized hyperbolic metrics
coincide with the time slices of expected gravity duals. Moreover, if we
optimize a reduced density matrix, the geometry becomes two copies of the
entanglement wedge and reproduces the holographic entanglement entropy. Our
approach resembles a continuous tensor network renormalization and provides a
concrete realization of the proposed interpretation of AdS/CFT as tensor
networks. The present paper is an extended version of our earlier report
arXiv:1703.00456 and includes many new results such as evaluations of
complexity functionals, energy stress tensor, higher dimensional extensions and
time evolutions of thermofield double states.Comment: 63 pages, 10 figure
Sterile Neutrinos or Flux Uncertainties? - Status of the Reactor
  Anti-Neutrino Anomaly

The $\sim 3\sigma$ discrepancy between the predicted and observed reactor
anti-neutrino flux, known as the reactor anti-neutrino anomaly, continues to
intrigue. The recent discovery of an unexpected bump in the reactor
anti-neutrino spectrum, as well as indications that the flux deficit is
different for different fission isotopes seems to disfavour the explanation of
the anomaly in terms of sterile neutrino oscillations. We critically review
this conclusion in view of all available data on electron (anti)neutrino
disappearance. We find that the sterile neutrino hypothesis cannot be rejected
based on global data and is only mildly disfavored compared to an individual
rescaling of neutrino fluxes from different fission isotopes. The main reason
for this is the presence of spectral features in recent data from the NEOS and
DANSS experiments. If state-of-the-art predictions for reactor fluxes are taken
at face value, sterile neutrino oscillations allow a consistent description of
global data with a significance close to $3\sigma$ relative to the
no-oscillation case. Even if reactor fluxes and spectra are left free in the
fit, a $2\sigma$ hint in favour of sterile neutrinos remains, with allowed
parameter regions consistent with an explanation of the anomaly in terms of
oscillations.Comment: 25 pages, 5 figures. 1 page and table 4 added. Published in JHE
Algebraic Cycles and Local Anomalies in F-Theory

We introduce a set of identities in the cohomology ring of elliptic
fibrations which are equivalent to the cancellation of gauge and mixed
gauge-gravitational anomalies in F-theory compactifications to four and six
dimensions. The identities consist in (co)homological relations between complex
codimension-two cycles. The same set of relations, once evaluated on elliptic
Calabi-Yau three-folds and four-folds, is shown to universally govern the
structure of anomalies and their Green-Schwarz cancellation in six- and
four-dimensional F-theory vacua, respectively. We furthermore conjecture that
these relations hold not only within the cohomology ring, but even at the level
of the Chow ring, i.e. as relations among codimension-two cycles modulo
rational equivalence. We verify this conjecture in non-trivial examples with
Abelian and non-Abelian gauge groups factors. Apart from governing the
structure of local anomalies, the identities in the Chow ring relate different
types of gauge backgrounds on elliptically fibred Calabi-Yau four-folds.Comment: 45 page
Flavours and Infra-red Instability in Holography

Within a phenomenological holographic model in $(4+1)$-bulk dimensions,
defined by Einstein-gravity with a negative cosmological constant, coupled to a
Dirac-Born-Infeld and a Chern-Simons term, we explore the fate of BF-bound
violation for a probe scalar field and a fluctuation mode of the corresponding
geometry. We assume this simple model to capture the dynamics of a strongly
coupled SU$(N_c)$ gauge theory with $N_f$ fundamental matter, which in the
limit ${\cal O} \left( N_c \right) \sim {\cal O}\left(N_f\right)$ and with a
non-vanishing matter density, is holographically described by an
AdS$_2$-geometry in the IR. We demonstrate that, superconductor/superfluid
instabilities are facilitated and spontaneous breaking of translational
invariance is inhibited with increasing values of $\left(N_f / N_c \right) $.
This is similar, in spirit, with known results in large $N_c$ Quantum
Chromodynamics with $N_f$ quarks and a non-vanishing density, in which the
chiral density wave phase becomes suppressed and superconducting instabilities
become favoured as the number of quarks is increased.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figure
Quantum radiation by an Unruh-DeWitt detector in oscillatory motion

Quantum radiated power emitted by an Unruh-DeWitt (UD) detector in linear
oscillatory motion in (3+1)D Minkowski space, with the internal harmonic
oscillator minimally coupled to a massless scalar field, is obtained
non-perturbatively by numerical method. The signal of the Unruh-like effect
experienced by the detector is found to be pronounced in quantum radiation in
the highly non-equilibrium regime with high averaged acceleration and short
oscillatory cycle, and the signal would be greatly suppressed by quantum
interference when the averaged proper acceleration is sufficiently low. An
observer at a fixed angle would see periods of negative radiated power in each
cycle of motion, while the averaged radiated power over a cycle is always
positive as guaranteed by the quantum inequalities. Coherent high harmonic
generation and down conversion are identified in the detector's quantum
radiation. Due to the overwhelming largeness of the vacuum correlators of the
free field, the asymptotic reduced state of the harmonics of the radiation
field is approximately a direct product of the squeezed thermal states.Comment: 30 pages, 10 figures, partly based on [arXiv:1601.07006
Anomalous low-temperature thermodynamics of QCD in strong magnetic
  fields

The thermodynamics of quantum chromodynamics at low temperatures and in
sufficiently strong magnetic fields is governed by neutral pions. We analyze
the interacting system of neutral pions and photons at zero baryon chemical
potential using effective field theory. As a consequence of the axial anomaly
and the external magnetic field, the pions and photons mix with one another.
The resulting spectrum contains one usual, relativistic photon state, and two
nonrelativistic modes, one of which is gapless and the other gapped.
Furthermore, we calculate the leading, one-loop contribution to the pressure of
the system. In the chiral limit, a closed analytic expression for the pressure
exists, which features an unusual scaling with temperature and magnetic field,
$T^3B/f_\pi$, at low temperatures, $T\ll B/f_\pi$. Finally, we determine the
pion decay rate as a function of the magnetic field at the tree level. The
result is affected by a competition of the anisotropic kinematics and the
enlarged phase space due to the anomalous mass of the neutral pion. In the
chiral limit, the decay rate scales as $B^3/f_\pi^5$.Comment: 1+19 pages, v2: matches published versio