pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On the Classical Limit of Quantum Mechanics

Contrary to the widespread belief, the problem of the emergence of classical mechanics from quantum mechanics is still open. In spite of many results on the ¯h → 0 asymptotics, it is not yet clear how to explain within standard quantum mechanics the classical motion of macroscopic bodies. In this paper we shall analyze special cases of classical behavior in the framework of a precise formulation of quantum mechanics, Bohmian mechanics, which contains in its own structure the possibility of describing\ud
real objects in an observer-independent way
Study of alkaline hydrothermal activation of belite cements by thermal analysis

The effect of alkaline hydrothermal activation of class-C fly ash belite cement was studied using thermal analysis (TG/DTG) by determining the increase in the combined water during a period of hydration of 180 days. The results were compared with those obtained for a belite cement hydrothermally activated in water. The two belite cements were fabricated via the hydrothermal-calcination route of class-C fly ash in 1 M NaOH solution (FABC-2-N) or demineralised water (FABC-2-W). From the results, the effect of the alkaline hydrothermal activation of belite cement (FABC-2-N) was clearly differentiated, mainly at early ages of hydration, for which the increase in the combined water was markedly higher than that of the belite cement that was hydrothermally activated in water. Important direct quantitative correlations were obtained among physicochemical parameters, such as the combined water, the BET surface area, the volume of nano-pores, and macro structural engineering properties such as the compressive mechanical strength
Geochemical characterization of the mining district of Linares (Jaen, Spain) by means of XRF and ICP-AES

Linares (Jaen, Spain) has been subjected to an intense mining and metallurgic activity during 2500 years. Basically, lead and silver have been extracted from galena; as well as copper and zinc. Different studies have been conducted to evaluate trace element concentrations to obtain relationships with anthropogenic and geologic factors. The analytical results of these studies have been obtained with ICP-AES. This analytical technique is relatively expensive and inaccessible in zones with scarce economic means. In this study, XRF analyses have been conducted and the obtained results are presented, as well as a comparison with the previously obtained ICP results. In both cases, a cluster analysis has been made to try to identify the same relations in the target area. 5 groups have been identified, mainly related with lithology. Only 10 of the 122 grid squares (each one of 1 km2) are classified in different groups if the cluster analysis is conducted with XRF results or ICP results. ICP classifies better where these grid squares are located, mostly, in contact zones of different lithologies
Preference aggregation theory without acyclicity: The core without majority dissatisfaction

Acyclicity of individual preferences is a minimal assumption in social choice theory.  We replace that assumption by the direct assumption that preferences have maximal elements on a fixed agenda.  We show that the core of a simple game is nonempty for all profiles of such preferences if and only if the number of alternatives in the agenda is less than the Nakamura number of the game.  The same is true if we replace the core by the core without majority dissatisfaction, obtained by deleting from the agenda all the alternatives that are non-maximal for all players in a winning coalition.  Unlike the core, the core without majority dissatisfaction depends only onthe players' sets of maximal elements and is included in the union of such sets.  A result for an extended framework gives another sense in which the core without majority dissatisfaction behaves better than the core.
A note on the inefficiency of bargaining over the price of a share

We study the problem of dissolving a partnership when agents have unequal endowments. Agents bid on the price of the entire partnership.  The highest bidder is awarded the partnership and buys out her partners' shares at a per-unit price that is a function of the two highest bids.  We show that there exists no price-setting mechanism satisfying certain mild regularity properties that is ex-post efficient, for any common prior of valuations.  This result sharply contrasts the equal-endowment case in which efficient dissolution of the sort we are examining is possible through a simple k-double auction, as suggested by Cramton, Gibbons, and Klemperer (Econometrica, 1987).
An experimental and analytical study of the elasticity of model polyurethane networks crosslinked by tri- and quadriisocyanate

The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com : http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00396-009-2145-6?LI=truePolyurethane networks have been prepared from a mix of tri- and quadriisocyanate and from two types of diols, polyether-based (with molar masses of 1,000, 2,000, and 4,000 g/mol) and polyester-based (1,035 g/mol). The weight fraction of sol has been measured, as well as the elastic shear modulus of the gels. It has been found that the statistical theory of network formation predicts a weight fraction of sol in agreement
with the experimental results, but its standard combination with the theory of rubber elasticity disagrees significantly with the elastic modulus measured. This suggests a discrepancy between theory and experiment in terms of elastically active chains. In contrast, the assumption that all nodes in the gel, or even in the system, are elastically active gives much better predictions for the system considered.ANR JCJC MELA
Effect of electro discharge machining (EDM) on the AISI316L SS white layer microstructure and corrosion resistance

The localised corrosion resistance of austenitic stainless steels is strongly influenced by the quality of finished surface. EDM machining induces substantial changes by the high thermal gradients generated by electric sparks. Experimental techniques such as roughness measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive microanalysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction technique, reveal microgeometrical, microstructural, chemical and mechanical changes. These changes lead to white and heat-affected layers with a depth less than 100 μm. The white layer is a melted material characterised by dendritic structure and constituted by austenite, chromium carbide and ε-carbide. The heat-affected layer is characterised by very large grain size comparatively to the bulk material. Electrochemical test coupled with metallographic examinations using SEM reveals a weakening of the resistance to pitting and intergranular corrosion comparatively to diamond polished surface. This weakening is correlated to differences in structure and chemical composition of white layer. Susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking has been attributed to the field of tensile residual stresses resulting from thermal effects. The removal of the white layer material by polishing or wire brushing restores the corrosion resistance of the AISI316L SS
Dynamics of unidirectional phonon-assisted transport of photoexcited carriers in step-graded Inx(Al0.17Ga0.83)1-xAs/Al0.17Ga0.83As multiple quantum wells

The dynamics of perpendicular transport of photoexcited carriers assisted by phonon scattering is investigated in a novel step-graded Inx(Al0.17Ga0.83)1-xAs quantum-well heterostructure by measuring the temperature dependence of spectrally and temporally resolved photoluminescence (PL). When builtin potential gradients are present in the quantum-well heterostructure due to variations in the In mole fraction (x) in the well, carriers that are thermally released by the particular well move unidirectionally from shallower to deeper wells. That is, asymmetric unidirectional motion of photoexcited carriers is possible via phonon-assisted activation above the barrier band-edge state. We have directly measured this perpendicular motion of photoexcited carriers by monitoring the transient PL signals from the different wells, which are spectrally separated. A rate equation analysis rigorously explains the dynamical changes of the PL signal intensities from the quantum wells as a function of lattice temperature. Our study of PL dynamics proves the asymmetric perpendicular flow of photoexcited carriers and the capture by the deeper quantum wells, providing firm evidence for the dynamical carrier flow and capture processes in the novel heterostructure
Aggregation methods in dynamical systems and applications in population and community dynamics

Approximate aggregation techniques allow one to transform a complex system involving many coupled variables into a simpler reduced model with a lesser number of global variables in such a way that the dynamics of the former can be approximated by that of the latter. In ecology, as a paradigmatic example, we are faced with modelling complex systems involving many variables corresponding to various interacting organization levels. This review is devoted to approximate aggregation methods that are based on the existence of different time scales, which is the case in many real systems as ecological ones where the different organization levels (individual, population, community and ecosystem) possess a different characteristic time scale. Two main goals of variables aggregation are dealt with in this work. The first one is to reduce the dimension of the mathematical model to be handled analytically and the second one is to understand how different organization levels interact and which properties of a given level emerge at other levels. The review is organized in three sections devoted to aggregation methods associated to different mathematical formalisms: ordinary differential equations, infinite-dimensional evolution equations and difference equations
The role of technology transfer for the development of a local wind component industry in Chile

This paper contributes to the debate about climate change technology transfer by analysing barriers and enablers for a Chilean company starting up the production of wind blades. Literature on the role of technology transfer for the development and deployment of local renewable energy technologies in developing countries often refers to success stories in Brazil, India and China. Instead, this case study highlights the different challenges faced by smaller emerging economies. The paper argues that successful technology transfer in a smaller economy like Chile requires: a minimum internal demand and access to regional markets to attract foreign knowledge providers; a focus in the types of technologies where the recipient country or company have a competitive advantage; and active learning processes by the recipient company. Lessons are drawn for improving the design and implementation of technology-push and market-pull policies in small or medium emerging economies
Experimental analysis of energy savings and hygrothermal conditions improvement by means of air curtaines in stores with intensive pedestrian traffic

Current worldwide building legislation requirements aim to the design and construction of technical services that reduce energy consumption and improve indoor hygrothermal conditions. The retail sector in Spain, with a lot of outdated technical systems, demands energy conservation measures in order to reduce the increasingly electrical consumption for cooling. Climatic separation with modern air curtains and advanced hygrothermal control systems enables energy savings and can keep suitable indoor air temperature and humidity of stores with intense pedestrian traffic, especially when located in hot humid climates. As stated in the article, the energy savings in commercial buildings with these systems exceeds 30
A methodology to compute emission projections from road transport (EmiTRANS)

Atmospheric emissions from road transport have increased all around the world during the last decades more rapidly than from other pollution sources. For instance, they contribute to more than 25% of total CO, CO2, NOx, and fine particle emissions in most of the European countries. This situation shows the importance of road transport when complying with emission ceilings and air quality standards applied to these pollutants.\ud
This paper presents a modelling system to perform atmospheric emission projections (simultaneously both air quality pollutants and greenhouse gases) from road transport including the development of a tailored software tool (EmiTRANS) as a planning tool. The methodology has been developed with two purposes: 1) to obtain outputs used as inputs to the COPERT4 software to calculate emission projections and 2) to summarize outputs for policy making evaluating the effect of emission abatement measures for a vehicle fleet.\ud
This methodology has been applied to the calculation of emission projections in Spain up to 2020 under several scenarios, including a sensitivity analysis useful for a better interpretation and confidence building on the results. This case study demonstrates the EmiTRANS applicability to a country, and points out the need for combining both technical and non-technical measures (such as behavioural changes or demand management) to reduce emissions, indirectly improving air quality and contributing to mitigate climate change
Multi-messenger astronomy

Some interesting developments in astroparticle physics are discussed, taking advantage of novel experimental approaches. Multi-messenger astronomy is likely to open new insights on the physics of the most violent events in the universe. Examples are taken using UHE cosmic rays, gamma-ray bursts and the exploration of dark matter using high energy photons. A generic case involving the detection of gravitational waves and neutrinos from the next galactic supernova is worked out in more detail, emphasizing its implications in particle and stellar collapse physics
Corn cob lightweight concrete for non-structural applications

A lightweight concrete using granulated corn cob (without corn) as an aggregate is proposed in this
research work. Taking into account that corn cob, after extracting the corn, is generally considered an
agricultural waste, an interesting economic and sustainable benefit may result by using it as a building
material. Therefore, it can be an alternative sustainable lightweight aggregate solution in comparison
to the most currently applied ones such as expanded clay, particles of cork, particles of expanded polystyrene
(EPS), among others. The density, the compressive strength and the thermal insulation properties
of a corn cob concrete were experimentally quantified. An expanded clay concrete was also studied as
reference. The main results obtained are presented and discussed showing that the proposed corn cob
concrete may have the adequate material properties required for a lightweight concrete for non-structural
application purposes
Network Representation and Complex Systems

In this article, network science is discussed from a methodological per- spective, and two central theses are defended. The first is that network science exploits the very properties that make a system complex. Rather than using idealization techniques to strip those properties away, as is standard practice in other areas of science, network science brings them to the fore, and uses them to furnish new forms of explanation. The second thesis is that network representations are particularly helpful in explaining the properties of non-decomposable systems. Where part-whole decomposition is not possible, network science provides a much-needed alternative method of compressing information about the behavior of complex systems, and does so without succumbing to problems associated with combinatorial explosion. The article concludes with a comparison between the uses of network representation analyzed in the main discussion, and an entirely distinct use of network representation that has recently been discussed in connection with mechanistic modeling
Reliability analysis of time series force plate data of community dwelling older adults

Frequency-based analysis of body sway has been used to distinguish between healthy young, healthy elderly adults and elderly adults with Huntingtons disease. Our aim was to assess the reliability of spectral-based outcomes of the centre of pressure (CoP) kinematics in order to determine if these outcomes could be tested for their capability to distinguish between elderly fallers and non-fallers in a future study. We have studied balance for 30 community dwelling healthy older adults 60 years or older. Four test conditions were used. Three successive trials were performed for each condition. CoP kinematics were estimated with a force platform with three strain gauges set in a triangular position. The frequency content of these signals was estimated. Intrasession correlation coefficients (ICC's) were then calculated for all test conditions. The reliability of the selected parameters varied between low and high (ICC 0.652-0.939). The ICC's for the narrow stance tests were higher compared to tests with normal standing conditions (0.771-0.94) to (0.652-0.865). The highest value was obtained in the high frequency band (0.939). These measures should be viewed with caution when screening geriatric patients because their reliability cannot always be assumed
Transformation in transportation?

The world of transportation is changing. Due to increasing mobility demand, challenges like financing, dealing with emissions and volatile oil prices are accentuated. Decision-makers in the areas of policy and planning have to address these challenges and have try to develop a transportation system capable of meeting the future needs of society and the economy. Thus there is a need for conceptions of the future system as guidelines for decisions. Besides developing new mobility solutions, adapting to a changed world of energy dependencies and addressing social developments will be the main tasks for decision-makers. This paper shows the results of future-oriented research based on the qualitative analysis of megatrends, which were used to describe the main trends setting the direction for future development in transportation and their likely effects. Based on the question of whether there is a transformation - a process of actively supporting change in the transportation system according to trends and changes in frame conditions - going on, analysis of current policies provide a different conclusion. The change in transportation appears as a process of substitution within the boundaries of the fossil-fueled world rather than as transformation in the sense of a fundamental change. Finding alternative development paths would require a perception of transformation as a process of actively shaping and redirecting the system by anticipating and addressing future challenges. Starting points and impulses in this context are rare and to be found in strategies of China, in other parts of Asia and in Europe. The approach of using recent, established and prospective, uncertain megatrends with their potential impact as a basis to provide a future perspective on change processes turned out to be an appropriate way to identify starting points for further research, which should integrate quantitative analysis. Furthermore, additional future- oriented research on megatrends would be needed to accommodate the complexity of the systemic perspective
Entropy and Multi-Objective Based Approach for Groundwater Quality Monitoring Network Assessment and Redesign

Abstract  Selection of the number and location of groundwater quality monitoring wells may require the consideration of different aspects such as: monitoring objectives, temporal frequency of monitoring, and monitoring costs. These aspects were examined using observations of groundwater quality variables made twice a year in 124 wells in the northern part of the Gaza Strip, where groundwater is of the best quality. Considering these features the groundwater quality monitoring network was assessed and redesigned using entropy. The assessment procedure was based on expressing transinformation as a function of distance between wells. It was found that the number and location of groundwater quality monitoring wells varied if these aspects were embedded in the assessment and redesign procedure.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11269-008-9343-
The Principle of Non-Gravitating Vacuum Energy and some of its
  consequences

For Einstein's General Relativity (GR) or the alternatives suggested up to
date$ the vacuum energy gravitates. We present a model where a new measure is
introduced for integration of the total action in the D-dimensional space-time.
This measure is built from D scalar fields $\varphi_{a}$. As a consequence of
such a choice of the measure, the matter lagrangian $L_{m}$ can be changed by
adding a constant while no gravitational effects, like a cosmological term, are
induced. Such Non-Gravitating Vacuum Energy (NGVE) theory has an infinite
dimensional symmetry group which contains volume-preserving diffeomorphisms in
the internal space of scalar fields $\varphi_{a}$. Other symmetries contained
in this symmetry group, suggest a deep connection of this theory with theories
of extended objects. In general {\em the theory is different from GR} although
for certain choices of $L_{m}$, which are related to the existence of an
additional symmetry, solutions of GR are solutions of the model. This is
achieved in four dimensions if $L_{m}$ is due to fundamental bosonic and
fermionic strings. Other types of matter where this feature of the theory is
realized, are for example: scalars without potential or subjected to nonlinear
constraints, massless fermions and point particles. The point particle plays a
special role, since it is a good phenomenological description of matter at
large distances. de Sitter space is realized in an unconventional way, where
the de Sitter metric holds, but such de Sitter space is supported by the
existence of a variable scalar field which in practice destroys the maximal
symmetry. The only space - time where maximal symmetry is not broken, in a
dynamical sense, is Minkowski space. The theory has non trivial dynamics in 1+1
dimensions, unlike GR.Comment: 23 page
Chiral Gauged WZW Theories and Coset Models in Conformal Field Theory

The Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) theory has a global symmetry denoted by
$G_L\otimes G_R$. In the standard gauged WZW theory, vector gauge fields (\ie\
with vector gauge couplings) are in the adjoint representation of the subgroup
$H \subset G$. In this paper, we show that, in the conformal limit in two
dimensions, there is a gauged WZW theory where the gauge fields are chiral and
belong to the subgroups $H_L$ and $H_R$ where $H_L$ and $H_R$ can be different
groups. In the special case where $H_L=H_R$, the theory is equivalent to vector
gauged WZW theory. For general groups $H_L$ and $H_R$, an examination of the
correlation functions (or more precisely, conformal blocks) shows that the
chiral gauged WZW theory is equivalent to $(G/H)_L\otimes (G/H)_R$ coset models
in conformal field theory. The equivalence of the vector gauged WZW theory and
the corresponding $G/H$ coset theory then follows.Comment: 42 page