pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
$A_4$ symmetry at colliders and in the universe

Two puzzling facts of our time are the observed patterns in the fermion
masses and mixings and the existence of non-baryonic dark matter, which are
both often associated with extensions of the Standard Model at higher energy
scales. In this paper, we consider a solution to these two problems with the
flavour symmetry ${\mathbb A}_4\times {\mathbb Z}_2\times {\mathbb
Z}_2^\prime$, in a model which has been shown before to explain large leptonic
mixings with a specific texture. The model contains 3 generations of
$SU(2)_L$-doublet scalar fields, arranged as an ${\mathbb A}_4$-triplet, that
spontaneously break the electroweak symmetry, and a "dark sector" of ${\mathbb
Z}_2$-odd fields, containing one Majorana neutrino and an ${\mathbb
A}_4$-triplet $SU(2)_L$-doublet scalar field, the lightest of which provides a
candidate for dark matter.
  Concerning the ${\mathbb Z}_2$-even scalar fields, compared to the Standard
Model, we predict additional fields with masses at the electroweak scale. We
therefore investigate present phenomenological constraints from lepton flavour
violation experiments, obtaining a lower bound on the extra scalar masses of
140 GeV. Furthermore we consider the oblique parameters, Higgs boson decay
properties and possible flavour violating signals at the LHC.
  Concerning the "dark sector", we study bounds from dark matter search
experiments and identify the parameter space of the dark matter candidate that
is compatible with the observed relic density. We find two allowed mass ranges
for the dark matter within which the experimental constraints can be
accommodated: the low-mass range is from 47 GeV to 74 GeV and the high-mass
range is from 600 GeV and 3.6 TeV.Comment: v2, to be published in JHE
Dessins d'Enfants in $\mathcal{N}=2$ Generalised Quiver Theories

We study Grothendieck's dessins d'enfants in the context of the
$\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories in $\left(3+1\right)$ dimensions
with product $SU\left(2\right)$ gauge groups which have recently been
considered by Gaiotto et al. We identify the precise context in which dessins
arise in these theories: they are the so-called ribbon graphs of such theories
at certain isolated points in the Coulomb branch of the moduli space. With this
point in mind, we highlight connections to other work on trivalent dessins,
gauge theories, and the modular group.Comment: 44 pages, 8 figures. v2: Minor corrections made throughout the text.
  Matches published version. Background discussion of BPS quivers based upon
  arXiv:1109.494
Counting the Massive Vacua of N=1* Super Yang-Mills Theory

We compute the number of massive vacua of N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills
theory mass-deformed to preserve N=1 supersymmetry, for any gauge group G. We
use semi-classical techniques and efficiently reproduce the known counting for
A,B and C-type gauge groups, present the generating function for both O(2n) and
SO(2n), and compute the supersymmetric index for gauge groups of exceptional
type. A crucial role is played by the classification of nilpotent orbits, as
well as global properties of their centralizers. We give illustrative examples
of new features of our analysis for the D-type algebras.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figure
New $AdS_3 \times S^2$ T-duals with $\mathcal{N} = (0,4)$ supersymmetry

It is well known that Hopf-fibre T-duality and uplift takes the D1-D5
near-horizon into a class of $AdS_3 \times S^2$ geometries in 11D where the
internal space is a Calabi-Yau three-fold. Moreover, supersymmetry dictates
that Calabi-Yau is the only permissible $SU(3)$-structure manifold.
Generalising this duality chain to non-Abelian isometries, a strong parallel
exists, resulting in the first explicit example of a class of $AdS_3 \times
S^2$ geometries with $SU(2)$-structure. Furthermore, the non-Abelian T-dual of
$AdS_3 \times S^3 \times S^3 \times S^1$ results in a new supersymmetric $AdS_3
\times S^2$ geometry, which falls outside of all known classifications. We
explore the basic properties of the holographic duals associated to the new
backgrounds. We compute the central charges and show that they are compatible
with a large $\mathcal{N}=4$ superconformal algebra in the infra-red.Comment: 30 pages plus one appendix. v2: updated references, v3: published
  versio
Holographic RG Flow in a New $SO(3)\times SO(3)$ Sector of
  $\omega$-Deformed $SO(8)$ Gauged ${\cal N}=8$ Supergravity

We consider a certain ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric, $SO(3)\times SO(3)$
invariant, subsector of the $\omega$-deformed family of $SO(8)$-gauged ${\cal
N}=8$ four-dimensional supergravities. The theory contains two scalar fields
and two pseudoscalar fields. We look for stationary points of the scalar
potential, corresponding to AdS vacua in the theory. One of these, which breaks
all supersymmetries but is nonetheless stable, is new. It exists only when
$\omega\ne 0$. We construct supersymmetric domain wall solutions in the
truncated theory, and we give a detailed analysis of their holographic dual
interpretations using the AdS/CFT correspondence. Domain walls where the
pseudoscalars vanish were studied previously, but those with non-vanishing
pseudoscalars, which we analyse numerically, are new. The pseudoscalars are
associated with supersymmetric mass deformations in the CFT duals. When
$\omega$ is zero, the solutions can be lifted to M-theory, where they approach
the Coulomb-branch flows of dielectric M5-branes wrapped on $S^3$ in the deep
IR.Comment: 40 pages, 10 figure
Implications of N=4 superconformal symmetry in three spacetime
  dimensions

We study implications of N=4 superconformal symmetry in three dimensions,
thus extending our earlier results in arXiv:1503.04961 devoted to the N=1,2,3
cases. We show that the three-point function of the supercurrent in N=4
superconformal field theories contains two linearly independent forms. However,
only one of these structures contributes to the three-point function of the
energy-momentum tensor and the other one is present in those N=4 superconformal
theories which are not invariant under the mirror map. We point out that
general N=4 superconformal field theories admit two inequivalent flavour
current multiplets and show that the three-point function of each of them is
determined by one tensor structure. As an example, we compute the two- and
three-point functions of the conserved currents in N=4 superconformal models of
free hypermultiplets. We also derive the universal relations between the
coefficients appearing in the two- and three-point correlators of the
supercurrent and flavour current multiplets in all superconformal theories with
N=1,2,3,4 supersymmetry. Our derivation is based on the use of Ward identities
in conjunction with superspace reduction techniques.Comment: 75 page
Large BCFT moduli in open string field theory

We use the recently constructed solution for marginal deformations by one of the authors, to analytically relate the BCFT modulus (λ BCFT ) to the coefficient of the boundary marginal field in the solution (λ SFT ). We explicitly find that the relation is not one to one and the same value of λ SFT corresponds to a pair of different λ BCFT ’s: a “small” one, and a “large” one. The BCFT moduli space is fully covered, but the coefficient of the marginal field in the solution is not a good global coordinate on such a space
The composite twin Higgs scenario

Based on an explicit model, we propose and discuss the generic features of a possible implementation of the Twin Higgs program in the context of composite Higgs models. We find that the Twin Higgs quadratic divergence cancellation argument can be uplifted to a genuine protection of the Higgs potential, based on symmetries and selection rules, but only under certain conditions which are not fulfilled in some of the existing models. We also find that a viable scenario, not plagued by a massless Twin Photon, can be obtained by not gauging the Twin Hypercharge and taking this as the only source of Twin Symmetry breaking at a very high scale
Asymmetries in Heavy Quark Pair and Dijet Production at an EIC

Asymmetries in heavy quark pair and dijet production in electron-proton
collisions allow studies of gluon TMDs in close analogy to studies of quark
TMDs in semi-inclusive DIS. Here we present expressions for azimuthal
asymmetries for both unpolarized and transversely polarized proton cases and
consider the maximal asymmetries allowed. The latter are found to be rather
sizeable, except in certain kinematic limits which are pointed out. In
addition, we consider the small-x limit and expectations from a
McLerran-Venugopalan model for unpolarized and linearly polarized gluons and
from a perturbative, large transverse momentum calculation for the T-odd gluon
TMDs. Comparison to related observables at RHIC and LHC is expected to provide
valuable information about the process dependence of the gluon TMDs. In
particular this will offer the possibility of a sign change test of the gluon
Sivers TMD and two other T-odd gluon TMDs. This provides additional motivation
for studies of azimuthal asymmetries in heavy quark pair and dijet production
at a future Electron-Ion Collider.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
Factorization and Resummation for Generic Hierarchies between Jets

Jets are an important probe to identify the hard interaction of interest at
the LHC. They are routinely used in Standard Model precision measurements as
well as in searches for new heavy particles, including jet substructure
methods. In processes with several jets, one typically encounters hierarchies
in the jet transverse momenta and/or dijet invariant masses. Large logarithms
of the ratios of these kinematic jet scales in the cross section are at present
primarily described by parton showers. We present a general factorization
framework called SCET$_+$, which is an extension of Soft-Collinear Effective
Theory (SCET) and allows for a systematic higher-order resummation of such
kinematic logarithms for generic jet hierarchies. In SCET$_+$ additional
intermediate soft/collinear modes are used to resolve jets arising from
additional soft and/or collinear QCD emissions. The resulting factorized cross
sections utilize collinear splitting amplitudes and soft gluon currents and
fully capture spin and color correlations. We discuss how to systematically
combine the different kinematic regimes to obtain a complete description of the
jet phase space. To present its application in a simple context, we use the
case of $e^+e^- \to $3 jets. We then discuss in detail the application to N-jet
processes at hadron colliders, considering representative classes of
hierarchies from which the general case can be built. This includes in
particular multiple hierarchies that are either strongly ordered in angle or
energy or not.Comment: 63 pages, 6 figures, v2: minor typos fixed, Ref. added, v3: journal
  versio
Sbottoms of Natural NMSSM at the LHC

Search for the bottom squarks (sbottoms) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
has recently assumed a heightened focus in the hunt for Supersymmetry (SUSY).
The popular framework of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
(NMSSM) could conceive a naturally light sbottom which could easily be
consistent with available constraints from the experiments at the LHC.
Phenomenology of such sbottoms could in principle be as striking as that for a
light top squark (stop) thanks to a rather nontrivial neutralino sector (with
appreciable mixing among the neutral higgsinos and the singlino) that the
scenario gives rise to. Nonetheless, finding such sbottoms might require a
moderately large amount of data ($\sim 300$ $\text{fb}^{-1}$) at the 13 TeV run
of the LHC. A multi-channel analysis establishing a generic depletion of events
in the usual $2b$-$jets$ +$\text{\sout{E}}_T$ final state while registering, in
conjunction, characteristically significant rates in various multi-lepton final
states accompanied by $b$-$jets$ might point not only to the presence of light
sbottom(s) but could also shed crucial light on their compositions and the
(singlino) nature of the lightest SUSY particle (LSP).Comment: 30 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables; matches with published versio
Heavy-quark mass effects in Higgs plus jets production

We study the production of a Standard Model Higgs boson in the gluon-fusion
channel at the 13 TeV LHC. Our results are accurate to the next-to-leading
order in QCD, bar for the lack of some two-loop amplitudes, for up to two extra
jets and are matched to the PYTHIA8 Monte Carlo. We address the impact, at the
level of inclusive rates and of differential distributions, of the merging of
samples characterised by different final-state multiplicities, and of the
effects induced by top and bottom masses through heavy-quark loop diagrams. We
find that both the merging and the heavy-quark masses must be included in the
calculation in order to realistically predict observables of experimental
interest.Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures; 4 references and some clarifications added to
  the tex
One-Loop Corrections from Higher Dimensional Tree Amplitudes

We show how one-loop corrections to scattering amplitudes of scalars and
gauge bosons can be obtained from tree amplitudes in one higher dimension.
Starting with a complete tree-level scattering amplitude of n+2 particles in
five dimensions, one assumes that two of them cannot be "detected" and
therefore an integration over their LIPS is carried out. The resulting object,
function of the remaining n particles, is taken to be four-dimensional by
restricting the corresponding momenta. We perform this procedure in the context
of the tree-level CHY formulation of amplitudes. The scattering equations
obtained in the procedure coincide with those derived by Geyer et al from
ambitwistor constructions and recently studied by two of the authors for
bi-adjoint scalars. They have two sectors of solutions: regular and singular.
We prove that the contribution from regular solutions generically gives rise to
unphysical poles. However, using a BCFW argument we prove that the unphysical
contributions are always homogeneous functions of the loop momentum and can be
discarded. We also show that the contribution from singular solutions turns out
to be homogeneous as well.Comment: 21 pages v.2: ref added, typos fixe
Constraints on Perturbative RG Flows in Six Dimensions

When conformal field theories (CFTs) are perturbed by marginally relevant
deformations, renormalization group (RG) flows ensue that can be studied with
perturbative methods, at least as long as they remain close to the original
CFT. In this work we study such RG flows in the vicinity of six-dimensional
unitary CFTs. Neglecting effects of scalar operators of dimension two and four,
we use Weyl consistency conditions to prove the $a$-theorem in perturbation
theory, and establish that scale implies conformal invariance. We identify a
quantity that monotonically decreases in the flow to the infrared due to
unitarity, showing that it does not agree with the one studied recently in the
literature on the six-dimensional $\phi^3$ theory.Comment: 16 pages. v2: Mathematica notebook with consistency conditions
  included. v3: published version. Added derivation of equations 3.5, 3.13 to
  Mathematica noteboo
Boundary Anomalies and Correlation Functions

It was shown recently that boundary terms of conformal anomalies recover the
universal contribution to the entanglement entropy and also play an important
role in the boundary monotonicity theorem of odd-dimensional quantum field
theories. Motivated by these results, we investigate relationships between
boundary anomalies and the stress tensor correlation functions in conformal
field theories. In particular, we focus on how the conformal Ward identity and
the renormalization group equation are modified by boundary central charges.
Renormalized stress tensors induced by boundary Weyl invariants are also
discussed, with examples in spherical and cylindrical geometries.Comment: 25 page
Holographic confinement in inhomogenous backgrounds

As noted by Witten, compactifying a $d$-dimensional holographic CFT on an
$S^1$ gives a class of $(d-1)$-dimensional confining theories with gravity
duals. The prototypical bulk solution dual to the ground state is a double Wick
rotation of the AdS$_{d+1}$ Schwarzschild black hole known as the AdS soliton.
We generalize such examples by allowing slow variations in the size of the
$S^1$, and thus in the confinement scale. Coefficients governing the second
order response of the system are computed for $3 \le d \le 8$ using a
derivative expansion closely related to the fluid-gravity correspondence. The
primary physical results are that i) gauge-theory flux tubes tend to align
orthogonal to gradients and along the eigenvector of the Hessian with the
lowest eigenvalue, ii) flux tubes aligned orthogonal to gradients are attracted
to gradients for $d \le 6$ but repelled by gradients for $d \ge 7$, iii) flux
tubes are repelled by regions where the second derivative along the tube is
large and positive but are attracted to regions where the eigenvalues of the
Hessian are large and positive in directions orthogonal to the tube, and iv)
for $d > 3$, inhomogeneities act to raise the total energy of the confining
vacuum above its zeroth order value.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, typos correcte
On a possible large width 750 GeV diphoton resonance at ATLAS and CMS

The ATLAS and CMS experiments at the LHC have reported an excess of diphoton
events with invariant mass around 750 GeV, with local significance of about
$3.6 \sigma$ and $2.6 \sigma$, respectively. We entertain the possibility that
this excess is due to new physics, in which case the data suggest a new
particle with 13 TeV LHC production cross section times diphoton branching
ratio of about 5~fb. Interestingly, ATLAS reports a mild preference for a
sizeable width for the signal of about 45 GeV; this result appears consistent
with CMS, and is further supported by improving the compatibility of the 8 TeV
and 13 TeV analyses. We focus on the possibility that the new state is a
scalar. First, we show that, in addition to the new state that is needed
directly to produce the diphoton bump, yet more new particles beyond the
Standard Model are needed to induce diphoton decay rate of the right size.
Second, we note that if the excess is attributed to the Breit-Wigner peak of a
single new state, then the signal strength and width -- taken together --
suggest a total LHC production cross section of order $10^5$ fb. Restricting to
perturbative models without ad-hoc introduction of many new states or exotic
charges, we reach the following conclusions: (i) Gluon-fusion cannot explain
the required large production cross section. (ii) Tree level production from
initial state quarks cannot explain the required branching ratio to two
photons. (iii) Tree level production is constrained by flavor data as well as
LHC Run-I and Tevatron dijet analyses. Insisting on a large width we are led to
suggest that more than one scalar states, nearly degenerate in mass, could
conspire to produce an observed wide bump.Comment: v2: A discussion concerning the flavor constraints in the U(2)
  symmetry limit added. Contours in Fig. 1 modified. Conclusions left unchanged
  v3: Journal published version. A discussion concerning the interference in
  $t\bar t$ searches is adde
Towards Bootstrapping QED$_3$

We initiate the conformal bootstrap study of Quantum Electrodynamics in $2+1$
space-time dimensions (QED$_{3}$) with $N$ flavors of charged fermions by
focusing on the 4-point function of four monopole operators with the lowest
unit of topological charge. We obtain upper bounds on the scaling dimension of
the doubly-charged monopole operator, with and without assuming other gaps in
the operator spectrum. Intriguingly, we find a (gap-dependent) kink in these
bounds that comes reasonably close to the large $N$ extrapolation of the
scaling dimensions of the singly-charged and doubly-charged monopole operators
down to $N=4$ and $N=6$.Comment: 29 pages plus an appendix, 5 figures, v2 minor improvements, refs
  adde
Non-Perturbative Quantum Geometry III

The Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit of the refined topological string on toric
Calabi-Yau manifolds and the resulting quantum geometry is studied from a
non-perturbative perspective. The quantum differential and thus the quantum
periods exhibit Stokes phenomena over the combined string coupling and
quantized Kaehler moduli space. We outline that the underlying formalism of
exact quantization is generally applicable to points in moduli space featuring
massless hypermultiplets, leading to non-perturbative band splitting. Our prime
example is local P1xP1 near a conifold point in moduli space. In particular, we
will present numerical evidence that in a Stokes chamber of interest the string
based quantum geometry reproduces the non-perturbative corrections for the
Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit of 4d supersymmetric SU(2) gauge theory at strong
coupling found in the previous part of this series. A preliminary discussion of
local P2 near the conifold point in moduli space is also provided.Comment: 34 pages; v2: Minor correction and refs added; v3: Table 2 modified,
  clarifying comment and footnote adde
Emergent two-Higgs doublet models

We investigate origin of three features that are often assumed in analysis of
two-Higgs doublet models: (i) softly broken Z2 symmetry, (ii) CP invariant
Higgs potential, and (iii) degenerated mass spectra. We extend electroweak
gauge symmetry, introducing extra gauge symmetry and extra scalars, and we show
that our models effectively derive two-Higgs dou- blet models at low energy
which naturally hold the three features. We also find that the models can solve
the strong CP problem.Comment: 17 pages, no figures; version published in JHE
Eternal Higher Spin Black Holes: a Thermofield Interpretation

We study Lorentzian eternal black holes in the Chern-Simons sector of AdS$_3$
higher spin gravity. We probe such black holes using bulk Wilson lines and
motivate new regularity conditions that must be obeyed by the bulk connections
in order for the geometry to be consistent with an interpretation as a
thermofield state in the dual CFT$_2$. We demonstrate that any higher spin
black hole may be placed in a gauge that satisfies these conditions: this is
the Chern-Simons analogue of the construction of Kruskal coordinates that
permit passage through the black hole horizon. We also argue that the Wilson
line provides a higher-spin notion of causality in higher spin gravity that can
be used to associate a Penrose diagram with the black hole. We present some
applications of the formalism, including a study of the time-dependent
entanglement entropy arising from the higher spin black hole interior and
evidence for an emergent AdS$_2$ region in the extremal limit.Comment: 53 pages, 9 figure
Small Black Holes and Near-Extremal CFTs

Pure theories of AdS$_3$ quantum gravity are conjectured to be dual to CFTs
with sparse spectra of light primary operators. The sparsest possible spectrum
consistent with modular invariance includes only black hole states above the
vacuum. Witten conjectured the existence of a family of extremal CFTs, which
realize this spectrum for all admissible values of the central charge. We
consider the quantum corrections to the classical spectrum, and propose a
specific modification of Witten's conjecture which takes into account the
existence of "small" black hole states. These have zero classical horizon area,
with a calculable entropy attributed solely to loop effects. Our conjecture
passes various consistency checks, especially when generalized to include
theories with supersymmetry. In theories with $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry,
this "near-extremal CFT" proposal precisely evades the no-go results of
Gaberdiel et al.Comment: 41 pages + appendices, 6 figure