pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the Υ(1S) production cross-section in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV in ATLAS

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA measurement of the cross-section for Υ (1S)→μ+μ− production in proton–proton collisions at centre of mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The cross-section is measured as a function of the Υ (1S) transverse momentum in two bins of rapidity, |yΥ (1S)| < 1.2 and 1.2 < |yΥ (1S)| < 2.4. The measurement requires that both muons have transverse momentum pμ T > 4 GeV and pseudorapidity |ημ| < 2.5 in order to reduce theoretical uncertainties on the acceptance, which depend on the poorly known polarisation. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 1.13 pb−1, collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The cross-section measurement is compared to theoretical predictions: it agrees to within a factor of two with a prediction based on the NRQCD model including colour-singlet and colour-octet matrix elements as implemented in PYTHIA while it disagrees by up to a factor of ten with the next-to-leading order prediction based on the colour-singlet modelWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We also wish to thank Pierre Artoisenet, John Campbell and Torbjorn Sjostrand for their help with the theoretical predictions. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3–CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwid
Properties of a ternary calcium sulfoalumninate-calcium sulfate-fly ash cement

In this paper, cement combinations based on calcium sulfoaluminate cement (CSAC) were developed and the effect of fly ash and the hemihydrate form of calcium sulfate on the properties of the systems was studied. Fly ash (FA), anhydrite (ANH), flue-gas desulfurization gypsum (FGDG) and plaster gypsum (PL) were used to develop appropriate CSAC/calcium sulfate and CSAC/calcium sulfate/addition systems, the hydration of which was studied. Tested properties of cements were the compressive strength and the setting times. The results suggest that the use of fly ash in the presence of anhydrite accelerates the formation of a strong ettringite-rich matrix that firmly accommodated unreacted fly ash particles, both synergistically contributing to a dense microstructure. At a given sulfate content, the use of anhydrite was shown to be favourable in terms of the setting times, heat patterns and strength development compared to the hemihydrate-based formulations
VLBI detection of the HST-1 feature in the M 87 jet at 2 cm

Context. A bright feature 80 pc away from the core in the powerful jet of M 87 shows highly unusual properties. Earlier radio, optical, and X-ray observations have shown that this feature, labeled HST-1, is superluminal, and is possibly connected with the TeV flare detected by HESS in 2005. It has been claimed that this feature might have a blazar nature because of these properties. Aims. To examine whether HST-1 has a blazar-like nature, we analyzed λ2 cm VLBA archival data from dedicated full-track obser- vations and the 2 cm survey/MOJAVE VLBI monitoring programs performed between 2000 and 2009.\ud
Methods. We studied the subparsec scale structure of M 87 jet by using wide-field imaging techniques, after checking different weight- ing of the interferometric visibilities as a function of distance. The HST-1 region was imaged at milliarcsecond resolution. Results. We present the first 2 cm VLBI detection of HST-1 in observations performed between early 2003 and early 2007, and ana- lyze its evolution with time. Using the detections of HST-1, we find that the projected apparent speed is 0.61 ± 0.31c. A comparison of the VLA and VLBA flux densities of this feature indicates that it is mostly resolved on milliarcsecond scales. This feature is optically thin (α ∼ −0.8 for S ∝ ν+α) between λ2 cm and λ20 cm.\ud
Conclusions. We do not find evidence that HST-1 has a blazar nature.eros@uv.e
Study of production and cold nuclear matter effects in pPb collisions at=5 TeV

Production of mesons in proton-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy = 5 TeV is studied with the LHCb detector. The analysis is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 nb(-1). The mesons of transverse momenta up to 15 GeV/c are reconstructed in the dimuon decay mode. The rapidity coverage in the centre-of-mass system is 1.5 < y < 4.0 (forward region) and -5.0 < y < -2.5 (backward region). The forward-backward production ratio and the nuclear modification factor for (1S) mesons are determined. The data are compatible with the predictions for a suppression of (1S) production with respect to proton-proton collisions in the forward region, and an enhancement in the backward region. The suppression is found to be smaller than in the case of prompt J/psi mesons
Optimization of LC/MS (APCI)+ Methods for the Determination of Possible Lutein Oxidation Products in Plasma and Tissues of Adult Rats

In spite of lutein and its isomer zeaxanthin being richly available in natural sources, the role of these components on reduction of age-related macular degeneration, cancer, and cardiovascular disorders suggested that an update of the analytical procedure is required to determine the oxidative products and to understand their nutritional significance. In the present study, we have standardized and developed an improved method to obtain characteristic ions of lutein, zeaxanthin, and its major oxidative products in vivo (rats) using LC–MS (APCI)+. In addition, lutein and zeaxanthin isomer were separated on a C30 column with shorter run time with high resolution and calibrated on the basis of picomolar concentration on HPLC (DAD), with the lower detection limit of 0.125 for lutein and 0.128 pmol for zeaxanthin. Characteristic mass spectral ion for lutein is m/z 568.7 [M]+ and 551.5 [M + H–H2O]+ and for zeaxanthin isomer is m/z 568.8 [M]+, 569.8 [M + H]+. Further, optimized conditions produced structurally characteristic fragmented ions under standardized MS (APCI)+ conditions. Total ionic chromatogram together with fine UV–Visible and mass spectra were used to differentiate lutein isomers and its oxidative products, such as 523 [M+ + H+–3CH3], 479 [M+ + H+–6CH3], 551 [M+ + H+–H2O], 276.43 [M+–C22H19O], di-epoxides and 3′-oxolutein. The APCI mass spectral characteristics of major oxidative products of lutein in adult rat tissues are reported here for the first time, to our knowledge. These findings could provide new insights into lutein bioavailability and bioconversions with respect to health benefits
Mechanistic chemistry of oxidation of balsalazide with acidic chloramine-T and bromamine-T: A comparative spectrophotometric kinetic study

Balsalazide (BSZ) belongs to a class of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of BSZ with sodium N-halo-p-toluenesulfonamides viz., chloramine-T(CAT) and bromamine-T(BAT) in HClO4 medium have been spectrophotometrically investigated ( $\lambda _{\max } =$ 357nm) at 303 K. Under comparable experimental conditions, reactions with both the oxidants follow a first-order dependence of rate on [BSZ] and fractional-order dependence on each [oxidant] and [HClO4]. Activation parameters and reaction constants have been computed. 2-hydroxy-5-nitroso-benzoic acid and 3-(4-nitroso-benzoylamino)-propionic acid are identified as the oxidation products of BSZ with both CAT and BAT. The rate of oxidation of BSZ is about five-fold faster with BAT than with CAT. Plausible mechanism and related rate law have been deduced for the observed kinetics
Last millennium northern hemisphere summer temperatures from tree rings : Part I: The long term context

Funding: UK Natural Environment Research Council (NERC - NE/K003097/1) and Leverhulme Trust project (F/00 268/BG)Large-scale millennial length Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature reconstructions have been progressively improved over the last 20 years as new datasets have been developed. This paper, and its companion (Part II, Anchukaitis et al. in prep), details the latest tree-ring (TR) based NH land air temperature reconstruction from a temporal and spatial perspective. This work is the first product of a consortium called N-TREND (Northern Hemisphere Tree-Ring Network Development) which brings together dendroclimatologists to identify a collective strategy for improving large-scale summer temperature reconstructions. The new reconstruction, N-TREND2015, utilises 54 records, a significant expansion compared with previous TR studies, and yields an improved reconstruction with stronger statistical calibration metrics. N-TREND2015 is relatively insensitive to the compositing method and spatial weighting used and validation metrics indicate that the new record portrays reasonable coherence with large scale summer temperatures and is robust at all time-scales from 918 to 2004 where at least 3 TR records exist from each major continental mass. N-TREND2015 indicates a longer and warmer medieval period (~900-1170) than portrayed by previous TR NH reconstructions and by the CMIP5 model ensemble, but with better overall agreement between records for the last 600 years. Future dendroclimatic projects should focus on developing new long records from data-sparse regions such as North America and eastern Eurasia as well as ensuring the measurement of parameters related to latewood density to complement ring-width records which can improve local based calibration substantially.PostprintPeer reviewe
Dust in brown dwarfs and extra-solar planets V. Cloud formation in
  carbon- and oxygen-rich environment

Recent observations indicate potentially carbon-rich exoplanet atmospheres.
Spectral fitting methods for brown dwarfs and exoplanets have invoked the C/O
ratio as additional parameter but carbon-rich cloud formation modeling is a
challenge for the models applied. The determination of the habitable zone for
exoplanets requires the treatment of cloud formation in chemically different
regimes. Disk models show that carbon-rich or near-carbon-rich niches may
emerge and cool carbon planets may trace these particular stages of planetary
evolution. We extend our kinetic cloud formation model by including carbon seed
formation and the formation of C[s], TiC[s], SiC[s], KCl[s], and MgS[s] by
gas-surface reactions. The seed formation efficiency is lower in carbon-rich
atmospheres than in oxygen-rich gases due to carbon being a very effective
growth species. The consequence is that less particles will make up a cloud for
C/O_0>1. The cloud particles will be smaller in size than in an oxygen-rich
atmosphere. An increasing initial C/O ratio does not revert this trend because
a much greater abundance of condensible gas species exists in a rich carbon
environment. Cloud particles are generally made of a mix of materials: carbon
dominates if C/O_0>1 and silicates dominate if C/O_0<1. 80-90% carbon is
reached only in extreme cases where C/O_0=3.0 or 10.0. Carbon-rich atmospheres
would form clouds that are made of particles of height-dependent mixed
compositions, sizes and numbers. The remaining gas-phase is far less depleted
than in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. Typical tracer molecules are HCN and C2H2 in
combination with a featureless, smooth continuum due to a carbonaceous cloud
cover, unless the cloud particles become crystalline.Comment: 14 pages, accepted for publication in A&
Search for resonances in the mass distribution of jet pairs with one or two jets identified as b-jets in proton–proton collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Searches for high-mass resonances in the dijet invariant mass spectrum with one or two jets identified as b  -jets are performed using an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−13.2 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of √s=13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No evidence of anomalous phenomena is observed in the data, which are used to exclude, at 95% credibility level, excited b⁎b⁎ quarks with masses from 1.1 TeV to 2.1 TeV and leptophobic Z′Z′ bosons with masses from 1.1 TeV to 1.5 TeV. Contributions of a Gaussian signal shape with effective cross sections ranging from approximately 0.4 to 0.001 pb are also excluded in the mass range 1.5–5.0 TeV
Identification of a new locus at 16q12 associated with time to asthma onset

Background Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in which age of onset plays an important role. Objective We sought to identify the genetic variants associated with time to asthma onset (TAO). Methods We conducted a large-scale meta-analysis of 9 genome-wide association studies of TAO (total of 5462 asthmatic patients with a broad range of age of asthma onset and 8424 control subjects of European ancestry) performed by using survival analysis techniques. Results We detected 5 regions associated with TAO at the genome-wide significant level (P < 5 × 10−8). We evidenced a new locus in the 16q12 region (near cylindromatosis turban tumor syndrome gene [CYLD]) and confirmed 4 asthma risk regions: 2q12 (IL-1 receptor–like 1 [IL1RL1]), 6p21 (HLA-DQA1), 9p24 (IL33), and 17q12-q21 (zona pellucida binding protein 2 [ZPBP2]–gasdermin A [GSDMA]). Conditional analyses identified 2 distinct signals at 9p24 (both upstream of IL33) and 17q12-q21 (near ZPBP2 and within GSDMA). Together, these 7 distinct loci explained 6.0% of the variance in TAO. In addition, we showed that genetic variants at 9p24 and 17q12-q21 were strongly associated with an earlier onset of childhood asthma (P ≤ .002), whereas the 16q12 single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with later asthma onset (P = .04). A high burden of disease risk alleles at these loci was associated with earlier age of asthma onset (4 vs 9-12 years, P = 10−4). Conclusion The new susceptibility region for TAO at 16q12 harbors variants that correlate with the expression of CYLD and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 (NOD2), 2 strong candidates for asthma. This study demonstrates that incorporating the variability of age of asthma onset in asthma modeling is a helpful approach in the search for disease susceptibility genes
Non-intact families and diverging educational destinies : a decomposition analysis for Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United States

We examine whether the presence of non-intact families in society is related to increased inequality in educational attainment according to social background, as suggested by the ‘diverging destinies’ thesis. We analyze four countries, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, and the United States, that differ in the prevalence of non-intact families and in the strength of the negative association between growing up in a non-intact family and children's educational attainment. We use a Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition approach to calculate a ‘counterfactual’ estimate of differences in educational attainment between socioeconomically advantaged and disadvantaged children in the hypothetical absence of non-intact families. Contrary to the diverging destinies thesis, we find little differences between actual and ‘counterfactual’ levels of inequality in educational attainment in all four countries. Whereas growing-up in a non-intact family affects the individual chances of educational attainment, the overall contribution of non-intact families to aggregate levels of social background inequality appears minimal
Search for s-channel single top-quark production in proton-proton collisions at  √s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This Letter presents a search at the LHC for s-channel single top-quark production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The analyzed data set was recorded by the ATLAS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb⁻¹. Selected events contain one charged lepton, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two b-tagged jets. A multivariate event classifier based on boosted decision trees is developed to discriminate s-channel single top-quark events from the main background contributions. The signal extraction is based on a binned maximum-likelihood fit of the output classifier distribution. The analysis leads to an upper limit on the s-channel single top-quark production cross-section of 14.6 pb at the 95% confidence level. The fit gives a cross-section of σ s  =5.0± 4.3 pb, consistent with the Standard Model expectation
n-Hexane Bromination Using Barium Fluorobromate Ba(BrF[4])[2]

It was observed that Ba(BrF[4])[2] demonstrates a high reactivity towards n-hexane. It was found that the heating the reaction mass proceed with intensive self-heating up to 40 °C and release of elemental bromine. The GC-MS analysis showed that the main product of Ba(BrF[4])[2] interaction with n-hexane is 3-bromohexane. The optimal interaction parameters were found. The heat effect of the reaction was determined by isothermal calorimetric method, it was –1451 kJ/mole. The qualitative composition of solid precipitate was determined by EDXRF and XRD analyses. BaF[2] is formed as only solid product of the reaction between Ba(BrF[4])[2] and n-hexane. It was found that conditions of researched reaction are quite unusual for known free-radical hydrogen substitution processes in case of alkanes. Also we can conclude that Ba(BrF[4])[2] is much more soft reagent is case of interaction with alkanes in comparison with BrF[3] and it can provide more or less selective bromination of alkane unlikely to BrF[3]
Measurement of the W±Z boson pair-production cross section in pp   collisions at View the MathML sources=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production of W±ZW±Z events in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV13 TeV is measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The collected data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−13.2 fb−1. The W±ZW±Z candidates are reconstructed using leptonic decays of the gauge bosons into electrons or muons. The measured inclusive cross section in the detector fiducial region for leptonic decay modes is View the MathML sourceσW±Z→ℓ′νℓℓfid.=63.2±3.2(stat.)±2.6(sys.)±1.5(lumi.) fb. In comparison, the next-to-leading-order Standard Model prediction is View the MathML source53.4−2.8+3.6 fb. The extrapolation of the measurement from the fiducial to the total phase space yields View the MathML sourceσW±Ztot.=50.6±2.6(stat.)±2.0(sys.)±0.9(th.)±1.2(lumi.) pb, in agreement with a recent next-to-next-to-leading-order calculation of View the MathML source48.2−1.0+1.1 pb. The cross section as a function of jet multiplicity is also measured, together with the charge-dependent W+ZW+Z and W−ZW−Z cross sections and their ratio
Safety, Clinical Outcome, and Fracture Rate of Femoropopliteal Stenting Using a 4F Compatible Delivery System

ObjectiveTo determine the safety, clinical outcome, and fracture rate of femoropopliteal interventions using 4F stents.MethodsBetween January 2010 and December 2011, 112 symptomatic patients were treated by stent implantation. Ten patients were lost to follow up; therefore, 102 patients (62 men; mean age 66.4 ± 10.1 years) were retrospectively analyzed. The indication for femoropopliteal revascularization was severe claudication (Rutherford–Becker score = 3) in 63 (62%) patients and chronic critical limb ischemia (Rutherford–Becker score = 4–6) in 39 (38%). Follow up included palpation of peripheral pulses and measurement of ankle brachial index. In patients with suspected in-stent restenosis duplex ultrasonography was performed. In 2013, patients were asked to return for a fluoroscopic examination of the stents.Results114 lesions (Trans-Atlantic InterSociety Consensus-C and D, n = 45) were treated with 119 stents (Astron Pulsar, n = 42; Pulsar-18, n = 77). Lesions were long (≥100 mm) in 49 cases and heavily calcified in 35. Stents were long (≥120 mm) in 46 cases. Ten stents were partially overlapped. The technical and clinical success rates were 100%. Two puncture related complications were noted, neither of which required surgical repair. Eleven patients died (myocardial infarction, n = 4; stroke, n = 2; cancer, n = 5) and nine patients underwent major amputation (above knee, n = 4). The primary patency rate was 83% at 6 months and 80% at 12 months. The primary assisted patency rate was 97% at 6 months and 94% at 12 months. The secondary patency rate was 86% at 6 months and 85% at 12 months. The prevalence of fractures was 26% (type III and IV, 10%) after an average follow up of 25 months.ConclusionFemoropopliteal stenting using a 4F compatible delivery system can be accomplished with a low complication rate, acceptable fracture rate, and with similar 12 month patency and revascularization rates as their 6F counterparts
Influence of anodizing process on fatigue life of machined aluminium alloy

AbstractIn order to investigate the coupled effects of machining and anodizing processes on fatigue life of alloy 7010-T7451, a series of rotating bending fatigue tests were conducted at 60Hz. In the as machined condition, test results showed that fatigue life is surface roughness dependent and that fatigue life decreases with an increase in surface roughness and this effect is found to be more pronounced in high cycle fatigue where major portion of fatigue life is consumed in nucleating the cracks. Effects of pretreatments, like degreasing and pickling employed prior to anodizing, on fatigue life of the given alloy were also studied. Results demonstrated that degreasing showed no change in fatigue life while pickling had negative impact on fatigue life of specimens. The small decrease in fatigue life of anodized specimens as compare to pickled specimens is attributed to brittle and microcracking of the coating. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination revealed multi-site crack initiation for the pickled and anodized specimens. SEM examination showed that pickling solution attacked the grain boundaries and intermetallic inclusions present on the surface resulting in pits formation. These pits are of primary concern with respect to accelerated fatigue crack nucleation and subsequent anodized coating formation