pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The gradient flow in $\lambda\phi^{4}$ theory

A gradient flow equation for $\lambda\phi^{4}$ theory in $D=4$ is formulated.
In this scheme the gradient flow equation is written in terms of the
renormalized probe variable $\Phi(t,x)$ and renormalized parameters $m^{2}$ and
$\lambda$ in a manner analogous to the higher derivative regularization. No
extra divergence is induced in the interaction of the probe variable
$\Phi(t,x)$ and the 4-dimensional dynamical variable $\phi(x)$ which is defined
in renormalized perturbation theory. The finiteness to all orders in
perturbation theory is established by power counting argument in the context of
$D+1$ dimensional field theory. This illustrates that one can formulate the
gradient flow for the simple but important $\lambda\phi^{4}$ theory in addition
to the well-known Yang-Mills flow, and it shows the generality of the gradient
flow for a wider class of field theory.Comment: 22 pages. To appear in JHE
Anomalies, Conformal Manifolds, and Spheres

The two-point function of exactly marginal operators leads to a universal
contribution to the trace anomaly in even dimensions. We study aspects of this
trace anomaly, emphasizing its interpretation as a sigma model, whose target
space M is the space of conformal field theories (a.k.a. the conformal
manifold). When the underlying quantum field theory is supersymmetric, this
sigma model has to be appropriately supersymmetrized. As examples, we consider
in some detail N=(2,2) and N=(0,2) supersymmetric theories in d=2 and N=2
supersymmetric theories in d=4. This reasoning leads to new information about
the conformal manifolds of these theories, for example, we show that the
manifold is Kahler-Hodge and we further argue that it has vanishing Kahler
class. For N=(2,2) theories in d=2 and N=2 theories in d=4 we also show that
the relation between the sphere partition function and the Kahler potential of
M follows immediately from the appropriate sigma models that we construct.
Along the way we find several examples of potential trace anomalies that obey
the Wess-Zumino consistency conditions, but can be ruled out by a more detailed
analysis.Comment: harvmac, 38 pages; references added and small clarification
BMS invariance and the membrane paradigm

The Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs (BMS) group is the asymptotic symmetry
group of asymptotically flat spacetime. It is infinite dimensional and entails
an infinite number of conservation laws. According to the black hole membrane
paradigm, null infinity (in asymptotically flat spacetime) and black hole event
horizons behave like fluid membranes. The fluid dynamics of the membrane is
governed by an infinite set of symmetries and conservation laws. Our main
result is to point out that the infinite set of symmetries and conserved
charges of the BMS group and the membrane paradigm are the same. This
relationship has several consequences. First, it sheds light on the physical
interpretation of BMS conservation laws. Second, it generalizes the BMS
conservation laws to arbitrary subregions of arbitrary null surfaces. Third, it
clarifies the identification of the superrotation subgroup of the BMS group. We
briefly comment on the black hole information problem.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figur
$S^1/T^2$ Compactifications of 6d $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ Theories and Brane
  Webs

We consider the circle and torus compactification of a certain subclass of 6d
$\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ SCFTs which are Higgsable to the higher rank E-string
theories. Using the T-duality between Type I' and Type IIB, we found that the
$S^1$ compactification of the theories can be realized by 5-brane webs
describing the 5d uplifting of a specified class S theory, generalizing the
result by Benini, Benvenuti and Tachikawa. We checked the above result by
calculating conformal and flavor central charges of the 4d torus compactified
theory both from the tensor branch structure of the 6d theory and from the
predicted class S description.Comment: 21 pages, 10 figures :revised version : explanation are clarified,
  typos are corrected, references are adde
Trinification can explain the di-photon and di-boson LHC anomalies

LHC data show a diphoton excess at 750 GeV and a less significant diboson
excess around 1.9 TeV. We propose trinification as a common source of both
anomalies. The 1.9 TeV excess can be produced by the lightest extra vector: a
$W_R^\pm$ with a gauge coupling $g_R\approx 0.44$ that does not decay into
leptons. Furthermore, trinification predicts extra scalars. One of them can
reproduce the $\gamma\gamma$ excess while satisfying constraints from all other
channels, given the specific set of extra fermions predicted by trinification.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
Modification of Fox-Wolfram Moments for Hadron Colliders

Collisions of composite particles impose an arbitrary boost in the
longitudinal direction on a given event. This implies that the centre-of-mass
frame at hadron colliders is undetermined for processes with missing energy in
the final state. This motivates the modification of the Fox-Wolfram moments
such that the moments for a given event are identical when viewed in the lab or
centre-of-mass frame of the beam. The resulting moments are invariant under
rotations in the plane transverse to the beam and boosts parallel to the beam.
These moments are then used to demonstrate improved signal separation in the
channel where the Higgs decays to two b-quarks while being produced in
association with a vector boson.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
Heavy-Flavor-Conserving Hadronic Weak Decays of Heavy Baryons

More than two decades ago, we studied heavy-flavor-conserving weak decays of
heavy baryons within the framework that incorporates both heavy-quark and
chiral symmetries. In view of the first observation of
$\Xi_b^-\to\Lambda_b^0\pi^-$ by LHCb recently, we have reexamined these decays
and presented updated predictions. The predicted rates for
$\Xi_b^-\to\Lambda_b^0\pi^-$ in the MIT bag and diquark models are consistent
with experiment. The major theoretical uncertainty stems from the evaluation of
baryon matrix elements. The branching fraction of $\Xi_c\to\Lambda_c\pi$ is
predicted to be of order $10^{-4}$. It is suppressed relative to
$Br(\Xi_b\to\Lambda_b\pi)$ owing to the shorter lifetime of $\Xi_c$ relative to
$\Xi_b$ and the destructive nonspectator $W$-exchange contribution. The
kinematically accessible weak decays of the sextet heavy baryon $\Omega_Q$ are
$\Omega_Q\to\Xi_Q\pi$. Due to the absence of the $B_6-B_{\bar 3}$ transition in
the heavy quark limit and the $B_6-B_6$ transition in the model calculations,
$\Omega_Q\to\Xi_Q\pi$ vanish in the heavy quark limit.Comment: 11 pages, to appear in JHE
Quantum and Thermal Fluctuations and Pair-breaking in Planar QED

Planar quantum electrodynamics, in presence of tree-level Chern-Simons term,
is shown to support bound state excitations, with a threshold, not present for
the pure Chern-Simons theory. In the present case, the bound state gets
destabilized by vacuum fluctuations. The bound state itself finds justification
in the duality of the theory with massive topological vector field. Thermal
fluctuations further destabilize this state, leading to smooth dissociation at
high temperatures. Physical systems are suggested for observing such a bound
state.Comment: 16 pages, 3 figures. Concepts are further elucidate
Holographic RG flows, entanglement entropy and the sum rule

We calculate the two-point function of the trace of the stress tensor in
holographic renormalization group flows between pairs of conformal field
theories. We show that the term proportional to the momentum squared in this
correlator gives the change of the central charge between fixed points in d=2
and in d>2 it gives the holographic entanglement entropy for a planar region.
This can also be seen as a holographic realization of the Adler-Zee formula for
the renormalization of Newton's constant. Holographic regularization is found
to provide a perfect match of the finite and divergent terms of the sum rule,
and it is analogous to the regularization of the entropy in terms of mutual
information. Finally, we provide a general proof of reflection positivity in
terms of stability of the dual bulk action, and discuss the relation between
unitarity constraints, the null energy condition and regularity in the interior
of the gravity solution.Comment: v2: 32 pages, 1 figure. Refs. and comments added. Version published
  in JHE
Dynamical AdS strings across horizons

We examine the nonlinear classical dynamics of a fundamental string in
anti-de Sitter spacetime. The string is dual to the flux tube between an
external quark-antiquark pair in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory. We
perturb the string by shaking the endpoints and compute its time evolution
numerically. We find that with sufficiently strong perturbations the string
continues extending and plunges into the Poincar\'e horizon. In the evolution,
effective horizons are also dynamically created on the string worldsheet. The
quark and antiquark are thus causally disconnected, and the string transitions
to two straight strings. The forces acting on the endpoints vanish with a power
law whose slope depends on the perturbations. The condition for this transition
to occur is that energy injection exceeds the static energy between the
quark-antiquark pair.Comment: 29 pages, 15 figure
Thermodynamics and gauge/gravity duality for Lifshitz black holes in the
  presence of exponential electrodynamics

In this paper, we construct a new class of topological black hole Lifshitz
solutions in the presence of nonlinear exponential electrodynamics for
Einstein-dilaton gravity. We show that the reality of Lifshitz supporting
Maxwell matter fields exclude the negative horizon curvature solutions except
for the asymptotic AdS case. Calculating the conserved and thermodynamical
quantities, we obtain a Smarr type formula for the mass and confirm that
thermodynamics first law is satisfied on the black hole horizon. Afterward, we
study the thermal stability of our solutions and figure out the effects of
different parameters on the stability of solutions under thermal perturbations.
Next, we apply the gauge/gravity duality in order to calculate the ratio of
shear viscosity to entropy for a three-dimensional hydrodynamic system by using
the pole method. Furthermore, we study the behavior of holographic conductivity
for two-dimensional systems such as graphene. We consider linear Maxwell and
nonlinear exponential electrodynamics separately and disclose the effect of
nonlinearity on holographic conductivity. We indicate that holographic
conductivity vanishes for $z>3$ in the case of nonlinear electrodynamics while
it does not in the linear Maxwell case. Finally, we solve perturbative
additional field equations numerically and plot the behaviors of real and
imaginary parts of conductivity for asymptotic AdS and Lifshitz cases. We
present experimental results match with our numerical ones.Comment: 31 pages, 16 figures (some figures include two subfigures). V2: some
  typos corrected, some references adde
Yang-Mills solutions and Spin(7)-instantons on cylinders over coset
  spaces with $G_2$-structure

We study $\mathfrak{g}$-valued Yang-Mills fields on cylinders
$Z(G/H)=\mathbb{R} \times G/H$, where G/H is a compact seven-dimensional coset
space with $G_2$-structure, $\mathfrak{g}$ is the Lie algebra of G, and Z(G/H)
inherits a Spin(7)-structure. After imposing a general G-invariance condition,
Yang-Mills theory with torsion on Z(G/H) reduces to Newtonian mechanics of a
point particle moving in $\mathbb{R}^n$ under the influence of some quartic
potential and possibly additional constraints. The kinematics and dynamics
depends on the chosen coset space. We consider in detail three coset spaces
with nearly parallel $G_2$-structure and four coset spaces with
SU(3)-structure. For each case, we analyze the critical points of the potential
and present a range of finite-energy solutions. We also study a
higher-dimensional analog of the instanton equation. Its solutions yield
G-invariant Spin(7)-instanton configurations on Z(G/H), which are special cases
of Yang-Mills configurations with torsion.Comment: 1+52 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables. v2: minor changes to match published
  versio
Dark matter annihilation into right-handed neutrinos and the galactic
  center gamma-ray excess

In this paper, we will discuss a specific case that the dark matter particles
annihilate into right-handed neutrinos. We calculate the predicted gamma-ray
excess from the galactic center and compare our results with the data from the
Fermi-LAT. An approximately 10-60 GeV right-handed neutrino with heavier dark
matter particle can perfectly explain the observed spectrum. The annihilation
cross section $\langle \sigma v \rangle$ falls within the range $0.5$-$4 \times
10^{-26} \text{ cm}^3/\text{s}$, which is roughly compatible with the WIMP
annihilation cross section.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Constraining conformal field theories with a higher spin symmetry in d>
  3 dimensions

We study unitary conformal field theories with a unique stress tensor and at
least one higher-spin conserved current in d>3 dimensions. We prove that every
such theory contains an infinite number of higher-spin conserved currents of
arbitrarily high spin, and that Ward identities generated by the conserved
charges of these currents imply that the correlators of the stress tensor and
the conserved currents of the theory must coincide with one of the following
three possibilities: a) a theory of n free bosons (for some integer n), b) a
theory of n free fermions, or c) a theory of n (d-2)/2-forms. For d even, all
three structures exist, but for d odd, it may be the case that the third
structure (c) does not; if it does exist, it is unclear what theory, if any,
realizes it. This is a generalization of the result proved in three dimensions
by Maldacena and Zhiboedov [arXiv:1112.1016]. This paper supersedes the
previous paper by the authors [arXiv:1307.8092]Comment: 40 pages, This paper supersedes the previous paper arXiv:1307.8092 by
  the author
Persistent Homology and String Vacua

We use methods from topological data analysis to study the topological
features of certain distributions of string vacua. Topological data analysis is
a multi-scale approach used to analyze the topological features of a dataset by
identifying which homological characteristics persist over a long range of
scales. We apply these techniques in several contexts. We analyze N=2 vacua by
focusing on certain distributions of Calabi-Yau varieties and Landau-Ginzburg
models. We then turn to flux compactifications and discuss how we can use
topological data analysis to extract physical informations. Finally we apply
these techniques to certain phenomenologically realistic heterotic models. We
discuss the possibility of characterizing string vacua using the topological
properties of their distributions.Comment: 32 pages, 12 pdf figure
General Gauge Mediation at the Weak Scale

We completely characterize General Gauge Mediation (GGM) at the weak scale by
solving all IR constraints over the full parameter space. This is made possible
through a combination of numerical and analytical methods, based on a set of
algebraic relations among the IR soft masses derived from the GGM boundary
conditions in the UV. We show how tensions between just a few constraints
determine the boundaries of the parameter space: electroweak symmetry breaking
(EWSB), the Higgs mass, slepton tachyons, and left-handed stop/sbottom
tachyons. While these constraints allow the left-handed squarks to be
arbitrarily light, they place strong lower bounds on all of the right-handed
squarks. Meanwhile, light EW superpartners are generic throughout much of the
parameter space. This is especially the case at lower messenger scales, where a
positive threshold correction to $m_h$ coming from light Higgsinos and winos is
essential in order to satisfy the Higgs mass constraint.Comment: 43 pages, 20 figures, mathematica package included in the sourc
Entanglement Dynamics of Detectors in an Einstein Cylinder

We investigate how nontrivial topology affects the entanglement dynamics
between a detector and a quantum field and between two detectors mediated by a
quantum field. Nontrivial topology refers to both that of the base space and
that of the bundle. Using a derivative-coupling Unruh-DeWitt-like detector
model interacting with a quantum scalar field in an Einstein cylinder S1
(space) x R1 (time), we see the beating behaviors in the dynamics of the
detector-field entanglement and the detector-detector entanglement, which
distinguish from the results in the non-compact (1+1) dimensional Minkowski
space. The beat patterns of entanglement dynamics in a normal and a twisted
field with the same parameter values are different because of the difference in
the spectrum of the field modes. In terms of the kinetic momentum of the
detectors, we find that the contribution by the zero mode in a normal field to
entanglement dynamics has no qualitative difference from those by the nonzero
modes.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures. Early-time analysis and comparison with
  perturbative results added; Figs. 6-9, 11-12 update
Renormalized Entanglement Entropy on Cylinder

We develop a framework of calculating entanglement entropy for non-conformal
field theories with the use of the dilaton effective action. To illustrate it,
we locate a theory on a cylinder $\mathbb{R} \times \mathbb{S}^{2}$ and compute
entanglement entropy of a cap-like region perturbatively with respect to the
mass for a free massive scalar field. A renormalized entanglement entropy (REE)
is proposed to regularize the ultraviolet divergence on the cylinder. We find
that the REE decreases monotonically both in the small and large mass regions
as the mass increases. We confirm all of these behaviors by the numerical
calculations, which further shows the monotonic decrease of the REE in the
entire renormalization group flow.Comment: 28 pages, 6 figures, v2: a new section on an interesting discrepancy
  added, some explanations clarifie
Testing the 2-TeV Resonance with Trileptons

The CMS collaboration has reported a 2.8$\sigma$ excess in the search of the
SU(2)$_R$ gauge bosons decaying through right-handed neutrinos into the two
electron plus two jets ($eejj$) final states. This can be explained if the
SU(2)$_R$ charged gauge bosons $W_R^\pm$ have a mass of around 2 TeV and a
right-handed neutrino with a mass of ${\cal O}(1)$ TeV mainly decays to
electron. Indeed, recent results in several other experiments, especially that
from the ATLAS diboson resonance search, also indicate signatures of such a 2
TeV gauge boson. However, a lack of the same-sign electron events in the CMS
$eejj$ search challenges the interpretation of the right-handed neutrino as a
Majorana fermion. Taking this situation into account, in this paper, we
consider a possibility of explaining the CMS $eejj$ excess based on the
$SU(2)_L\otimes SU(2)_R\otimes U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge theory with pseudo-Dirac
neutrinos. We find that both the CMS excess events and the ATLAS diboson
anomaly can actually be explained in this framework without conflicting with
the current experimental bounds. This setup in general allows sizable
left-right mixing in both the charged gauge boson and neutrino sectors, which
enables us to probe this model through the trilepton plus missing-energy search
at the LHC. It turns out that the number of events in this channel predicted in
our model is in good agreement with that observed by the CMS collaboration. We
also discuss prospects for testing this model at the LHC Run-II experiments.Comment: 22 pages, 5 figure
Beyond Higgs Couplings: Probing the Higgs with Angular Observables at
  Future $e^+ e^-$ Colliders

We study angular observables in the $e^+e^-\to Z H\to \ell^+
\ell^-\,b\bar{b}$ channel at future circular $e^+ e^-$ colliders such as CEPC
and FCC-ee. Taking into account the impact of realistic cut acceptance and
detector effects, we forecast the precision of six angular asymmetries at CEPC
(FCC-ee) with center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} =$ 240 GeV and 5 (30) ${\rm
ab}^{-1}$ integrated luminosity. We then determine the projected sensitivity to
a range of operators relevant for the Higgs-strahlung process in the
dimension-6 Higgs EFT. Our results show that angular observables provide
complementary sensitivity to rate measurements when constraining various tensor
structures arising from new physics. We further find that angular asymmetries
provide a novel means of both probing BSM corrections to the $H Z \gamma$
coupling and constraining the "blind spot" in indirect limits on supersymmetric
scalar top partners.Comment: 28 pages, 9 figures. v2: references added, matches published version
  in JHE
Exceptional versus superPoincar\'e algebra as the defining symmetry of
  maximal supergravity

We describe how one may use either the superPoincar\'e algebra or the
exceptional algebra to construct maximal supergravity theories in the
light-cone formalism. The d=4 construction shows both symmetries albeit in a
non-linearly realized manner. In d=11, we find that we have to choose which of
these two symmetries to use, in constructing the theory. In order to understand
the other "unused" symmetry, one has to perform a highly non-trivial field
redefinition. We argue that this shows that one cannot trust counterterm
arguments that do not take the full symmetry of the theory into account.
Finally we discuss possible consequences for Superstring theory and M-theory.Comment: 22 page
Abelian Tensor Hierarchy in 4D, N=1 Superspace

With the goal of constructing the supersymmetric action for all fields,
massless and massive, obtained by Kaluza-Klein compactification from type II
theory or M-theory in a closed form, we embed the (Abelian) tensor hierarchy of
p-forms in four-dimensional, N=1 superspace and construct its Chern-Simons-like
invariants. When specialized to the case in which the tensors arise from a
higher-dimensional theory, the invariants may be interpreted as
higher-dimensional Chern-Simons forms reduced to four dimensions. As an
application of the formalism, we construct the eleven-dimensional Chern-Simons
form in terms of four-dimensional, N=1 superfields.Comment: 31 page
Analysis of the $h, H, A \to \tau \mu$ decays induced from SUSY loops
  within the Mass Insertion Approximation

In this paper we study the lepton favor violating decay channels of the
neutral Higgs bosons of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model into a lepton
and an anti-lepton of different flavor. We work in the context of the most
general flavor mixing scenario in the slepton sector, in contrast to the
minimal flavor violation assumption more frequently used. Our analytic
computation is a one-loop diagrammatic one, but in contrast to the full
one-loop computation which is usually referred to the physical slepton mass
basis, we use here instead the Mass Insertion Approximation (MIA) which uses
the electroweak interaction slepton basis and treats perturbatively the mass
insertions changing slepton flavor. By performing an expansion in powers of the
external momenta in the relevant form factors, we will be able to separate
explicitly in the analytic results the leading non-decoupling (constant at
asymptotically large sparticle masses) and the next to leading decoupling
contributions (decreasing with the sparticle masses). Our final aim is to
provide a set of simple analytic formulas for the form factors and the
associated effective vertices, that we think may be very useful for future
phenomenological studies of the lepton flavor violating Higgs boson decays, and
for their comparison with data. The accuracy of the numerical results obtained
with the MIA are also analyzed and discussed here in comparison with the full
one-loop results. Our most optimistic numerical estimates for the three neutral
Higgs boson decays channels into $\tau$ and $\mu$ leptons, searching for their
maximum rates that are allowed by present constraints from $\tau \to \mu
\gamma$ data and beyond Standard Model Higgs boson searches at the LHC, are
also included.Comment: 37 pages, 16 figures, 3 appendices. This version v3 matches the
  manuscript published in JHE