pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric fission in 78Kr+40Ca reactions at 5.5 MeV/nucleon

Decay modes of excited nuclei formed in the 78,82Kr+40Ca reactions at 5.5 AMeV are investigated by means of exclusive measurements using the INDRA detector at GANIL. Light‐charged particles in coincidence with fragments show that, in the mechanism of asymmetric fission, the light partner (with atomic number 6≤Z≤10) is produced at excitation energy below the emission particle threshold. This result provides important constraints on various key characteristics of the process as the energetic balance, the sharing of the excitation energy and the fragments cross‐sections indicate the influence of the nuclear level density at excitation energy below the emission threshold. Comparison with statistical and dynamical models suggests the role of multichance emission to explain the observed feature of the fragment cross‐sections. The set of data provides some hints for further explorations in the context of reactions induced with neutron rich projectile to be delivered in future facilities
Reannotation of the genome sequence of Clostridium difficile strain 630.

International audienceA regular update of genome annotations is a prerequisite step to help maintain the accuracy and relevance of the information they contain. Five years after the first publication of the complete genome sequence of Clostridium difficile strain 630, we manually reannotated each of the coding sequences (CDSs), using a high-level annotation platform. The functions of more than 500 genes annotated previously with putative functions were reannotated based on updated sequence similarities to proteins whose functions have been recently identified by experimental data from the literature. We also modified 222 CDS starts, detected 127 new CDSs and added the enzyme commission numbers, which were not supplied in the original annotation. In addition, an intensive project was undertaken to standardize the names of genes and gene products and thus harmonize as much as possible with the HAMAP project. The reannotation is stored in a relational database that will be available on the MicroScope web-based platform (https://www.genoscope.cns.fr/agc/microscope/mage/viewer.php?S_id=752&wwwpkgdb=a78e3466ad5db29aa8fe49e8812de8a7). The original submission stored in the (International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration) INSDC nucleotide sequence databases was also updated
Diffusion and Innovation Theory: Past, Present, and Future Contributions to Academia and Practice

Part 4: PanelInternational audienceThe field of information systems (IS) has throughout its history experienced extensive changes in technology, research, and education. These renewals will continue into the foreseeable future [10]. It is recognized that IS is a key force in the ongoing societal and organizational renewal and change [2, 8, 14]. For example, in the US business sector, IS continues yearly to consume about 30% of total investments made [5]. Recent research document that IS supports the creation of business value, with particular emphasis on an organization’s innovation and change capabilities [1, 3]. Traditionally, research in IS has been interdisciplinary in nature - since it draws on innovation theory, models of value creation, actors’ roles and behaviors, the creation and running of task oriented groups, and how these relate to organizational structures and mechanisms [24]. Throughout its history the question of benefits from investing in IS has been lively discussed
Assessment of peat quality by molecular and bulk geochemical analysis : Application to the Holocene record of the Chautagne marsh (Haute Savoie, France)

International audienceAlthough it is primarily constituted in general from a limited variety of local plants, peat is however sensitive to physicochemical changes in the medium, in particular those induced by hydrological fluctuations. The present study aims at confronting the information on peat quality provided by various families of biochemical components (lipids, lignin, sugars), especially in order to check the validity of a new organic matter (OM) quality indicator, the “R400” index, directly drawn from Rock-Eval pyrolysis. This parameter, which is deduced from the sole S2 pyrolysis peak, is extremely robust. The Chautagne marsh, located between the Le Bourget Lake and the Rhône River lies in a key situation for recording lake level variations and Rhône River floods all along its Holocene filling. The study was conducted on a 6 m long core which comprises 4 m of peat under 66 cm of pedogenetically altered OM-rich sediment. Classical Rock-Eval pyrolysis revealed few qualitative and quantitative OM changes with Total Organic Carbon (TOC) values close to 50% and Hydrogen Index values around 300–350 mg HC g-1TOC in the peat. The R400 parameter remains practically unchanged in the upper unit affected by pedogenesis. It fluctuates however all along the peaty unit together with a progressive downward decrease, ascribable to diagenesis. Molecular analyses show that samples with high R400 values are richer in sugars and in slightly oxidized lignin. These results support the idea that the R400 parameter can be used as an indicator of OM preservation. Since OM preservation is mostly controlled by the water table in peat, the Chautagne marsh records hydrological fluctuations such as those of the Le Bourget Lake water level, all along the Holocene
Knowledge Sharing Idiosyncrasies of University Students in Ghana

Part 6: Decision Making and Knowledge ManagementInternational audienceThis study explored the factors affecting knowledge sharing behaviour of students in a higher institution of learning. Using a model derived from the Social Cognitive Theory and the Theory of Reason Action, six hypotheses were tested from a cross-sectional data collected from 371 undergraduate students on a 4-year degree programme in the University of Ghana. Five out of the six hypotheses were supported. The results showed that the knowledge sharing behaviour (KSB) of the students was significantly related to five of the human and environmental factors (F=639.9, df=5, 290, p<0.05) with a co-efficient of variation of R2=0.917 (91.7%). The knowledge sharing behavior of the students was, however, not significantly dependent on their personal characteristics. The study makes a case for increased attention in understanding the human and environmental factors of knowledge sharing since knowledge sharing is largely a people activity shaped by culture
Long-term outcomes of the WEGENT trial on remission-maintenance for granulomatosis with polyangiitis or microscopic polyangiitis

International audienceOBJECTIVE: The WEGENT trial and other short-term studies suggested that azathioprine or methotrexate could effectively maintain granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) or microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) remission. Whether differences in relapse or adverse event rates would appear after discontinuation of those 2 maintenance regimens and longer follow-up remains unknown. METHODS: Long-term outcomes for the patients enrolled in the WEGENT trial were analyzed according to their randomization group. Parameters at trial entry were evaluated as potential prognostic factors for death, relapse or damage in multivariate models. RESULTS: Data were returned for 88.8% of the 126 original participants. Median [95% confidence interval] followup was 11.9 [11.3-12.5] years. For the azathioprine and methotrexate arms, respectively, the 10-year overall survival rates were 75.1% [64.8-86.9] and 79.9% [70.3-90.8] (P = 0.56), and relapse-free survival rates 26.3% [17.3-40.1] and 33.5% [23.5-47.7] (P = 0.29). No between-arm differences were observed for relapse, adverse events, damage, survival rates without severe side effects and survival rates without relapse and severe side effects. Considering only the 97 GPA patients, no between-arm survival differences were observed. Relapse-free survival was shorter for GPA than MPA patients but the multivariate analysis retained anti-PR3-ANCA-positivity, and not GPA, as being independently associated with relapse. CONCLUSION: This long-term analysis confirms that azathioprine and methotrexate are comparable options for maintaining GPA or MPA remission. Despite good overall survival, relapses, adverse events and damage remain matters of concern and further studies are needed to reduce them
Automatic data-driven real-time segmentation and recognition of surgical workflow

International audiencePurpose With the intention of extending the perception and action of surgical staff inside the operating room, the medical community has expressed a growing interest towards context-aware systems. Requiring an accurate identification of the surgical workflow, such systems make use of data from a diverse set of available sensors. In this paper, we propose a fully data-driven and real-time method for segmentation and recognition of surgical phases using a combination of video data and instrument usage signals, exploiting no prior knowledge. We also introduce new validation metrics for assessment of workflow detection.Methods The segmentation and recognition are based on a four-stage process. Firstly, during the learning time, a Surgical Process Model is automatically constructed from data annotations to guide the following process. Secondly, data samples are described using a combination of low-level visual cues and instrument information. Then, in the third stage, these descriptions are employed to train a set of AdaBoost classifiers capable of distinguishing one surgical phase from others. Finally, AdaBoost responses are used as input to a Hidden semi-Markov Model in order to obtain a final decision.Results On the MICCAI EndoVis challenge laparoscopic dataset we achieved a precision and a recall of 91 % in classification of 7 phases.Conclusion Compared to the analysis based on one data type only, a combination of visual features and instrument signals allows better segmentation, reduction of the detection delay and discovery of the correct phase order
Effect of Manganese Doping of BaSrTiO 3 on Diffusion and Domain Wall Pinning

International audienceIn the present paper, the influence of manganese doping on the dielectric properties of BaSrTiO 3 thin films is presented. The real and imaginary parts of the material's permittivity have been measured in a large frequency range (100 Hz – 1 MHz) and as a function of the electric field. The tunability and the figure of merit of the material have been obtained from the measurement of the permittivity under an applied DC bias electric field. For the undoped material, the dielectric losses become important for a large DC bias which leads to breakdown. At a suitable dopant rate, this effect disappears. In order to better understand the origin of the related phenomena, we measure the permittivity as a function of the AC excitation amplitude and we decompose the obtained permittivity with the hyperbolic law. This enables to extract the different contributions of the bulk (low frequency diffusion and high frequency lattice relaxation) and of the domain wall motions (vibration and pinning/unpinning) to the material's dielectric permittivity and to understand the effect of manganese doping on each contribution. Knowledge of the related mechanisms allows us to establish the optimum dopant rate (mainly conditioned by the lattice contribution) and to reduce the domain wall motion, which finally is beneficial for the desired properties of the ferroelectric thin film. A particular attention is paid to low frequency diffusion, an especially harmful effect when a DC biasing is mandatory (tunable electronic component in mobile telecommunication devices for example)
Discrimination between different water bodies from a multilayered aquifer (Kaluvelly watershed, India): Trace element signature

International audienceIn the multilayered aquifer of Kaluvelly (India), comprising various sedimentary layers overlying a charnockitic basement, concentrations of trace elements were measured in aquifer formations and in groundwaters to identify geochemical tracers for water bodies. The two main sandstones (Cuddalore and Vanur) originate from the charnockites and the Cuddalore sandstone has experienced lateritization. In the studied area, two charnockite end-members were identified: a dioritic and a granitic one. Mineralogical composition and whole-rock Ti concentrations confirmed the charnockite which displayed the granitic composition as the parent rock of the two sandstones. Titanium distribution indicates that the Cuddalore sandstone originates from a more intense weathering of the parent material than the Vanur sandstone. Despite extensive differences in trace element contents recorded in aquifer formations, only a few trace elements were suitable to distinguish the water bodies. Among soluble elements, Li (in the Vanur aquifer) and Ba (in the charnockite and carbonaceous aquifers) can be used as tracers. As the input of these elements in solution is mainly regulated by the available stock, for a given mineralogical origin there is a direct link between the aquifer formation composition and water signature. With the exception of As, concentrations of redox-sensitive elements were not preserved during pumping because of oxidation, preventing their use as tracers. Low-mobility elements such as La, Ce, Th, Zr, Nb, Hf, or Ta were too insoluble to be detected in waters and/or to record the aquifer formation signature. Their input in solution was not regulated by the available stock but by the dissolution rate of rock-forming minerals. Only Ti can be used to distinguish between two out of the three aquifers (charnockite and Vanur). The specific behavior of Ti recorded in these waters may be linked to rutile inclusions within plagioclases and to the influence of climate on Ti solubility
Incised-valley morphologies and sedimentary-fills within the inner shelf of the northern Bay of Biscay

International audienceThis study is a first synthesis focused on incised-valleys located within the inner shelf of the Bay of Biscay. It is based on previously published results obtained during recent seismic surveys and coring campaigns. The morphology of the valleys appears to be strongly controlled by tectonics and lithology. The Pleistocene sedimentary cover of the shelf is very thin and discontinuous with a maximum thickness ranging between 30 and 40 m in incised-valley fills. Thus the incised bedrock morphology plays a key-role by controlling hydrodynamics and related sediment transport and deposition that explains some variations of those incised-valley fills with respect to the previously published general models
Ensemble forecast of solar radiation using TIGGE weather forecasts and HelioClim database

International audienceMedium-range forecasts (one day to two weeks) of solar radiation are commonly assessed with a single forecast at a given location. In this paper, we forecast maps of surface solar irradiance, using ensembles of forecasts from the THORPEX Interactive Grand Global Ensemble (TIGGE) with a 6-h timestep. We compare our forecasts with observations derived from MeteoSat Second Generation (MSG) and provided by the HelioClim-3 database as gridded observations over metropolitan France. First, we study the ensembles from six meteorological centers. Second, we use sequential aggregation to linearly combine all the forecasts with weights that vary in space and time. Sequential aggregation updates the weights before any forecast, using available observations. We use the global numerical weather prediction from the European Center for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) as a reference forecast. The issue of spatial resolution is discussed because the low resolution forecasts from TIGGE are compared to high resolution irradiance estimated from MSG data. We found that the TIGGE ensembles are under-dispersed but rather different from one to another. Aggregation decreases the forecast error by 20%, and produces a more realistic spatial pattern of predicted irradiance
Neutral carbohydrate geochemistry of particulate material (trap and core sediments) in an eutrophic lake (Aydat, France)

Carbohydrate compositions were determined on sinking particles and core samples from eutrophic lake Aydat. Carbohydrate fluxes indicate that phytoplanktonic production is the main organic matter (OM) source whereas the monosaccharides concentrations normalised to OC contents (TImage) mostly reflect degradation. The abundance of rhamnose in all samples, its increasing fluxes (together with fucose) with increasing water depth, and its strong decrease in the top 5 cm of the bottom sediments mark the intense activity of the microbiota. The almost complete removal of sugars in the water and top sediment indicates very little contribution to the preserved OM stock
Interactivity Improves Usability of Geographic Maps for Visually Impaired People

International audienceTactile relief maps are used by visually impaired people to acquire mental representation of space, but they retain important limitations (limited amount of information, braille text, etc.). Interactive maps may overcome these limitations. However, usability of these two types of maps had never been compared. It is then unknown whether interactive maps are equivalent or even better solutions than traditional raised-line maps. This study presents a comparison of usability of a classical raised-line map vs. an interactive map composed by a multi-touch screen, a raised-line overlay and audio output. Both maps were tested by 24 blind participants. We measured usability as efficiency, effectiveness and satisfaction. Our results show that replacing braille with simple audio-tactile interaction significantly improved efficiency and user satisfaction. Effectiveness was not related to the map type but depended on users' characteristics as well as the category of assessed spatial knowledge. Long-term evaluation of acquired spatial information revealed that maps, whether interactive or not, are useful to build robust survey-type mental representations in blind users. Altogether, these results are encouraging as they show that interactive maps are a good solution for improving map exploration and cognitive mapping in visually impaired people
Effect of carbon nanofibre addition on the mechanical properties of different Vf carbon-epoxy composites

Carbon-epoxy (C-epoxy) laminated composites having different fibre volume fractions (40, 50, 60 and 70) were fabricated with and without the addition of aminofunctionalized carbon nanofibres (A-CNF). Flexural strength, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and tensile strength of the composite laminates were determined. It was observed that, the ability of A-CNF to enhance the mechanical properties of C-epoxy diminished significantly as the fibre volume fraction (Vf) of the C-epoxy increased from 40 to 60. At 70Vf, the mechanical properties of the ACNF reinforced C-epoxy were found to be lower compared to the C-epoxy composite made without the addition of A-CNF. In this paper suitable mechanisms for the observed trends are proposed on the basis of the fracture modes of the composite
The minimal 3+2 neutrino model versus oscillation anomalies

We study the constraints imposed by neutrino oscillation experiments on the
minimal extension of the Standard Model that can explain neutrino masses, which
requires the addition of just two singlet Weyl fermions. The most general
renormalizable couplings of this model imply generically four massive neutrino
mass eigenstates while one remains massless: it is therefore a minimal 3+2
model. The possibility to account for the confirmed solar, atmospheric and
long-baseline oscillations, together with the LSND/MiniBooNE and reactor
anomalies is addressed. We find that the minimal model can fit oscillation data
including the anomalies better than the standard $3\nu$ model and similarly to
the 3+2 phenomenological models, even though the number of free parameters is
much smaller than in the latter. Accounting for the anomalies in the minimal
model favours a normal hierarchy of the light states and requires a large
reactor angle, in agreement with recent measurements. Our analysis of the model
employs a new parametrization of seesaw models that extends the Casas-Ibarra
one to regimes where higher order corrections in the light-heavy mixings are
significant.Comment: 18 page
A newsoil roughness parameter for themodelling of radar backscattering over bare soil

International audienceThe characterisation of soil surface roughness is a key requirement for the correct analysis of radar backscattering behaviour. It is noteworthy that an increase in the number of surface roughness parameters in a model also increases the difficulty with which data can be inverted for the purposes of estimating soil parameters. In this paper, a new description of soil surface roughness is proposed for microwave applications. This is based on an original roughness parameter, Zg, which combines the three most commonly used soil parameters: root mean surface height, correlation length, and correlation function shape, into just one parameter. Numerical modelling, based on the moment method and integral equations, is used to evaluate the relevance of this approach. It is applied over a broad dataset of numerically generated surfaces characterised by a large range of surface roughness parameters. A strong correlation is observed between this new parameter and the radar backscattering simulations, for the HH and VV polarisations in the C and X bands. It is proposed to validate this approach using data acquired in the C and X bands, at several agricultural sites in France. It was found that the parameter Zg has a high potential for the analysis of surface roughness using radar measurements. An empirical model is proposed for the simulation of backscattered radar signals over bare soil
Combinatorial Hopf algebras from renormalization

16 pagesInternational audienceIn this paper we describe the right-sided combinatorial Hopf structure of three Hopf algebras appearing in the context of renormalization in quantum field theory: the non-commutative version of the Faà di Bruno Hopf algebra, the non-commutative version of the charge renormalization Hopf algebra on planar binary trees for quantum electrodynamics, and the non-commutative version of the Pinter renormalization Hopf algebra on any bosonic field. We also describe two general ways to define the associative product in such Hopf algebras, the first one by recursion, and the second one by grafting and shuffling some decorated rooted trees
Lifetimes of atoms trapped in an optical lattice in proximity of a surface

International audienceWe study the lifetime of an atom trapped in an optical vertical lattice in proximity of a massive surface using a complex-scaling approach. We analyze how the presence of the surface modifies the known lifetimes of Wannier-Stark states associated with Landau-Zener tunneling. We also investigate how the existence of a hypothetical short-distance deviation from Newton's gravitational law could affect these lifetimes. Our study is relevant in order to discuss the feasibility of any atomic-interferometry experiment performed near a surface. Finally, the difficulties encountered in applying the complex-scaling approach to the atom-surface Casimir-Polder interaction are addressed. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.88.013411 PACS number(s): 37.10.Jk, 34.35.+a, 37.25.+k, 42.50.C