pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective synthesis of 3,5,6-substituted dihydropyranones and dihydropyridinones using isothiourea-mediated catalysis

We thank the Royal Society for a University Research Fellowship (ADS), Syngenta and EPSRC grant No. EP/K503162/1 (DGS), and the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) ERC Grant Agreement No. 279850, for funding.The scope of dihydropyranone and dihydropyridinone products accessible by isothiourea-catalysed processes has been expanded and explored through the use of 2-N-tosyliminoacrylates and 2-aroylacrylates in a Michael addition-lactonisation/lactamisation cascade. Notably, in order to ensure reproducibility it is essential to use homoanhydrides as ammonium enolate precursors with 2-aroyl acrylates, while carboxylic acids can be used with 2-N-tosyliminoacrylates, delivering a range of 3,5,6-substituted dihydropyranones and dihydropyridinones with high enantioselectivity (typically >90% ee). The derivatisation of the heterocyclic core of a model 3,5,6-substituted dihydropyranone through hydrogenation is also reported.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
An Extremely Porous Hydrogen-Bonded Framework Composed of D-Penicillaminato Co^III_2Au^I_3 Complex Anions and Aqua Cobalt(II) Cations : Formation and Stepwise Structural Transformation

This is the accepted version of the following article: S. Surinwong, N. Yoshinari, B. Yotnoi & T. Konno, "An Extremely Porous Hydrogen-Bonded Framework Composed of D-Penicillaminato CoIII2AuI3 Complex Anions and Aqua Cobalt(II) Cations : Formation and Stepwise Structural Transformation," Chem. Asian J. , 11(4) pp. 486-490, John Wiley & Sons, 2016, which has　been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201501352. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with the Wiley Self-Archiving Policy
Superionic Conduction in Co-Vacant P2-NaxCoO2 Created by Hydrogen Reductive Elimination

The layered P2-NaxMO2 (M: transition metal) system has been widely recognized as electronic or mixed conductor. Here, we demonstrate that Co vacancies in P2-NaxCoO2 created by hydrogen reductive elimination lead to an ionic conductivity of 0.045 S cm−1 at 25 °C. Using in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction and Raman spectroscopy, the composition of the superionic conduction phase is evaluated to be Na0.61(H3O)0.18Co0.93O2. Electromotive force measurements as well as molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the ion conducting species is proton rather than hydroxide ion. The fact that the Co-stoichiometric compound Nax(H3O)yCoO2 does not exhibit any significant ionic conductivity proves that Co vacancies are essential for the occurrence of superionic conductivity
Surface-Bound Cucurbit[8]uril Catenanes on Magnetic Nanoparticles Exhibiting Molecular Recognition

We demonstrate the preparation of surfacebound
cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) catenanes on silica nanoparticles
(NPs), where CB[8] was employed as a tethered
supramolecular “handcuff” to selectively capture target
guest molecules. In this catenane, CB[8] was threaded onto
a methyl viologen (MV2+) axle and immobilized onto silica
NPs. The formation of CB[8] catenanes on NPs were
confirmed by UV-vis titration experiments and lithographic
characterization, demonstrating high density of CB[8] on
the silica NPs surface, 0.56 nm2 . This CB[8] catenane system
exhibits specific molecular recognition towards certain
aromatic molecules such as perylene bis(diimide), naphthol
and aromatic amino acids, therefore, can act as a nanoscale
molecular receptor for target guests. Furthermore, we also
demonstrate its use as an efficient and recyclable nanoplatform
for peptide separation. By embedding magnetic
NPs inside silica NPs, separation could be achieved by simply
applying an external magnetic field. Moreover, the peptides
captured by the catenanes could be released by reversible
single-electron reduction of MV2+. The entire process
demonstrated high recoverability.X. Ren thanks the CSC Cambridge Scholarship for financial support and
Dr. Ziyi Yu for template preparation. Y. Wu is financially supported
by the EP/L504920/1, J. Liu by the Marie Curie FP7 SASSYPOL ITN
(607602) programme, and G. Wu by the Leverhulme Trust.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asia.201600875
Tetrabutylammonium Salts of Aluminum(III) and Gallium(III) Phthalocyanine Radical Anions Bonded with Fluoren-9-olato(-) Anions and Indium(III) Phthalocyanine Bromide Radical Anions.

Reduction of aluminum(III), gallium(III), and indium(III) phthalocyanine chlorides by sodium fluorenone ketyl in the presence of tetrabutylammonium cations yielded crystalline salts of the type (Bu4 N(+) )2 [M(III) (HFl-O(-) )(Pc(.3-) )](.-) (Br(-) )⋅1.5 C6 H4 Cl2 [M=Al (1), Ga (2); HFl-O(-) =fluoren-9-olato(-) anion; Pc=phthalocyanine] and (Bu4 N(+) ) [In(III) Br(Pc(.3-) )](.-) ⋅0.875 C6 H4 Cl2 ⋅0.125 C6 H14 (3). The salts were found to contain Pc(.3-) radical anions with negatively charged phthalocyanine macrocycles, as evidenced by the presence of intense bands of Pc(.3-) in the near-IR region and a noticeable blueshift in both the Q and Soret bands of phthalocyanine. The metal(III) atoms coordinate HFl-O(-) anions in 1 and 2 with short Al-O and Ga-O bond lengths of 1.749(2) and 1.836(6) Å, respectively. The C-O bonds [1.402(3) and 1.391(11) Å in 1 and 2, respectively] in the HFl-O(-) anions are longer than the same bond in the fluorenone ketyl (1.27-1.31 Å). Salts 1-3 show effective magnetic moments of 1.72, 1.66, and 1.79 μB at 300 K, respectively, owing to the presence of unpaired S=1/2 spins on Pc(.3-) . These spins are coupled antiferromagnetically with Weiss temperatures of -22, -14, and -30 K for 1-3, respectively. Coupling can occur in the corrugated two-dimensional phthalocyanine layers of 1 and 2 with an exchange interaction of J/kB =-0.9 and -1.1 K, respectively, and in the π-stacking {[In(III) Br(Pc(.3-) )](.-) }2 dimers of 3 with an exchange interaction of J/kB =-10.8 K. The salts show intense electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals attributed to Pc(.3-) . It was found that increasing the size of the central metal atom strongly broadened these EPR signals
Luminescence Color Tuning from Blue to Near Infrared of Stable Luminescent Solid Materials Based on Bis-o-Carborane-Substituted Oligoacenes

Aryl‐substituted o‐carboranes have shown highly efficient solid‐state emission in previous studies. To demonstrate color tuning of the solid‐state emission in an aryl‐o‐carborane‐based system, bis‐o‐carborane‐substituted oligoacenes were synthesized and their properties were systematically investigated. Optical and electrochemical measurements revealed efficient decreases in energy band gaps and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) levels by adding a number of fused benzene rings for the extension of π‐conjugation. As a consequence, bright solid‐state emission was observed in the region from blue to near infrared (NIR). Furthermore, various useful features were obtained from the modified o‐carboranes as an optical material. The naphthalene derivatives exhibited aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and almost 100 % quantum efficiency in the crystalline state. Furthermore, it was shown that the tetracene derivative with NIR‐emissive properties had high durability toward photo‐bleaching under UV irradiation
On H∞ model reduction for discrete-time linear time-invariant systems using linear matrix inequalities

In this paper, we address the H∞ model reduction problem for linear time-invariant discrete-time systems. We revisit this problem by means of linear matrix inequality (LMI) approaches and first show a concise proof for the well-known lower bounds on the approximation error, which is given in terms of the Hankel singular values of the system to be reduced. In addition, when we reduce the system order by the multiplicity of the smallest Hankel singular value, we show that the H∞ optimal reduced-order model can readily be constructed via LMI optimization. These results can be regarded as complete counterparts of those recently obtained in the continuous-time system setting
Variable-structure control with complementarity-inputs for a lean-burn IC engine of a series hybrid vehicle

This paper presents a robust controller for an internal combustion (IC) engine, as the first stage of a project to develop a hybrid light urban vehicle, running on ethanol in lean burn. In particular, this work focuses on the design of a sliding mode control for an IC engine of a series hybrid power train. The controller must allow for optimal speed regulation and high fuel efficiency. To attain the latter, a complementary operation mode is proposed for the system inputs. Simulation results are presented and discussed showing the viability and advantages of the control strategy employed.Postprint (author's final draft
Online reconstruction of drifting underwater ice topography: The 2D case

An online estimation design for a drifting two dimensional ice topography is presented. Under the assumption that the topography can be accurately represented by a truncated Fourier series, and given a moving window of measurements along the topography, an observer design is proposed to estimate the parameters of the model. The chosen method ensures an online cutoff of higher wave numbers in the spectrum representing the topography such that sufficient data compression is achieved for transmitting the model parameters through a limited hydroacoustic communication channel. This allows online reconstruction of the underwater drifting ice topography at a remote operation center. The observer is shown to be uniformly globally exponentially stable under a persistency of excitation condition. For comparison, a design based on B-spline basis functions is also presented. The effectiveness of the estimation algorithm is verified on a set of real ice draft measurements taken from the underside of an ice sheet off the coast of Greenland.© 2015 The Authors Asian Journal of Control published by Chinese Automatic Control Society and Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made
Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation with Norm-Limited Update Vector

Article first published online: 12 MAY 2015This paper addresses the convergence of simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation (SPSA) with a norm-limited update vector. We first illustrate an unstable solution of the standard SPSA algorithm which motivates the consideration of a modified version, where the norm of the update vector is limited to a certain value. Next, a result on the almost-sure convergence is presented by reducing the modified algorithm into the standard SPSA algorithm and restricting the probability distribution for the perturbation to a Bernoulli distribution. Finally, we apply the modified algorithm to a system identification problem to demonstrate its performance
A new algorithm to design minimal multi-functional observers for linear systems

Designing minimum possible order (minimal) observers for Multi-Input Multi-Output (MIMO) linear systems have always been an interesting subject. In this paper, a new methodology to design minimal multi-functional observers for Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) systems is proposed. The approach is applicable, and it also helps in regulating the convergence rate of the observed functions. It is assumed that the system is functional observable or functional detectable, which is less conservative than assuming the observability or detectability of the system. To satisfy the minimality of the observer, a recursive algorithm is provided that increases the order of the observer by appending the minimum required auxiliary functions to the desired functions that are going to be estimated. The algorithm increases the number of functions such that the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a functional observer are satisfied. Moreover, a new methodology to solve the observer design interconnected equations is elaborated. Our new algorithm has advantages with regard to the other available methods in designing minimal order functional observers. Specifically, it is compared with the most common schemes, which are transformation based. Using numerical examples it is shown that under special circumstances, the conventional methods have some drawbacks. The problem partly lies in the lack of sufficient numerical degrees of freedom proposed by the conventional methods. It is shown that our proposed algorithm can resolve this issue. A recursive algorithm is also proposed to summarize the observer design procedure. Several numerical examples and simulation results illustrate the efficacy, superiority and different aspects of the theoretical findings
Stabilization and Control of Delayed Recycling High Order Systems with one Unstable Pole at the Forward Path

International audienceUnstable recycling systems containing delay terms pose a challenge problem in their own. When unstable time delay system have recycle the control problem becomes even more difficult. In this work it is proposed a control methodology for the stabilization and control of recycling systems with one unstable and m stable poles in the direct path and a delayed stable subsystem in the backward loop. The strategy is based on the observation that if some internal signals were available, then it would be possible to decouple the backward dynamics and then a feedback controller could be designed for the forward dynamics. The key for this strategy to be carried out is the asymptotic observer-predictor proposed to estimate the required internal signals. Necessary and sufficient conditions are stated in order to guarantee the stabilization of the proposed scheme, achieving step tracking and step disturbance rejection. Then, the strategy is extended to a more general family of plants including " p " left half plane zeros (LHP) in the direct path
A Comparative Analysis of Route-Based Energy Management Systems for Phevs

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Taghavipour, A., Vajedi, M., Azad, N. L., & McPhee, J. (2015). A Comparative Analysis of Route-Based Energy Management Systems for Phevs. Asian Journal of Control, 18(1), 29–39, which has been published in final form at https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/asjc.1191. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) development seems to be essential step on the path to widespread deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) as the zero-emission solution for the future of transportation. Because of their larger battery pack in comparison to conventional hybrid electic vehicles (HEVs), they offer longer electric range which leads to a superior fuel economy performance. Advanced energy management systems (EMSs) use vehicle trip information to enhance a PHEV's performance. In this study, the performance of two optimal control approaches, model predictive control (MPC) and adaptive equivalent consumption minimization strategy (A-ECMS), for designing an EMS for different levels of trip information are compared. The resulting EMSs are fine-tuned for the Toyota Prius plug-in hybrid powertrain and their performances are evaluated by using a high-fidelity simulation model in the Autonomie software. The results of simulation show that both MPC and A-ECMS can approximately improve fuel economy up to 10% compared to the baseline Autonomie controller for EPA urban and highway drive cycles. Although both EMSs can be implemented in real time, A-ECMS is 15% faster than MPC. Moreover, it is shown that the engine operating points are more sensitive to the battery depletion pattern than to different driving schedules
Characterization modeling and H∞ control of n-DOF Piezoelectric actuators : Application to a 3-DOF precise positioner.

International audienceThis paper deals with the characterization, the modeling and the closed-loop control of multivariable piezoelectric actuators, with an application to a 3-DOF piezoelectric tube scanner, widely used in precise positioning. These actuators are typified by hysteresis and creep nonlinearities, badly damped oscillation and strong couplings between their axis. First, during the modeling, we propose to decouple the system and to use a linear model where the couplings and the two nonlinearities are integrated through an external fictive disturbance. From the obtained monovariable systems, monovariable H ∞ controllers are calculated by using specifications based on model approximation. The experimental tests demonstrate the efficiency of the method to reject simultaneously the couplings, hysteresis, creep and badly damped oscillations. Furthermore, the bandwidth of the closed-loop and theopen-loop systems are compared and the results show that the proposed control technique allows to achieve a convenient closed-loop bandwidth and precision for all the axis of the precise positioner
Hysteresis-based design of dynamic reference trajectories to avoid saturation in controlled wind turbines

The main objective of this paper is to design a dynamic reference trajectory based on hysteresis to avoid saturation in controlled wind turbines. Basically, the torque controller and pitch controller set-points are hysteretically manipulated to avoid saturation and drive the system with smooth dynamic changes. Simulation results obtained from a 5MW wind turbine benchmark model show that our proposed strategy has a clear added value with respect to the baseline controller (a well-known and accepted industrial wind turbine controller). Moreover, the proposed strategy has been tested in healthy conditions but also in the presence of a realistic fault where the baseline controller caused saturation to  nally conduct to instability.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Real-time sliding mode observer scheme for shear force estimation in a transverse dynamic force microscope

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via the DOI in this record.This paper describes a sliding mode observer scheme for estimation of the
shear force affecting the cantilever in a Transverse Dynamic Force Microscope
(TDFM). The vertically oriented cantilever is oscillated in proximity to the
specimen under investigation. The amplitude of oscillation of the cantilever
tip is affected by these shear forces. They are created by the ordered-water
layer above the specimen. The oscillation amplitude is therefore a measure
of distance between the tip and the surface of the specimen. Consequently,
the estimation of the shear forces provides useful information about the
specimen characteristics. For estimating the shear forces, an approximate
finite dimensional model of the cantilever is created using the method of
lines. This model is subsequently reduced for its model order. An unknown
input sliding mode observer has been used to reconstruct the unknown shear
forces using only tip position measurements and the cantilever excitation. This
paper describes the development of the sliding mode scheme and presents
experimental results from the TDFM set up at the Centre for Nanoscience and
Quantum Information (NSQI) at Bristol University
Delay distribution based robust H∞ control of networked control systems with uncertainties

Network induced delay in networked control systems (NCS) is inherently non-uniformly distributed and behaves with multifractal nature. However, such network characteristics have not been well considered in NCS analysis and synthesis. Making use of the information of the statistical distribution of NCS network induced delay, a delay distribution based stochastic model is adopted to link Quality-of-Control and network Quality-of-Service for NCS with uncertainties. From this model together with a tighter bounding technology for cross terms, H∞ NCS analysis is carried out with significantly improved stability results. Furthermore, a memoryless H∞ controller is designed to stabilize the NCS and to achieve the prescribed disturbance attenuation level. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of\ud
the proposed method
On‐off iterative adaptive controller for low‐power micro‐robotic step regulation

A novel model‐free iterative adaptive controller is presented for low‐power control of piezoelectric actuators. The controller uses simple adaptation rules based on known general behavior of piezoelectric actuators to adjust on‐off switching times to drive piezoelectric actuators through a desired transient step motion. Adaptation rules are based on small numbers of measurements taken during each iteration of the actuator movement. Combined with the use of only on‐off control inputs, controller implementation can be possible at much lower overall power levels than would be needed to implement a conventional control strategy such as through pulse‐width‐modulation (PWM) with real‐time feedback. Such power savings are particularly important for the intended controller application to piezoelectric microactuators driving autonomous terrestrial micro‐robots. A method for predicting convergence of systems with nominally linear dynamics and unknown, bounded nonlinearities is described, and applied to a sample target piezoelectric actuator. The controller is tested in simulation and experimentally on a piezoelectric cantilever actuator, and shows predicted convergence to the desired response.  Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Societ
Revisiting the iISS small-gain theorem through transient plus ISS small-gain regulation

International audienceRecently, the small-gain theorem for input-to-state stable (ISS) systems has been extended to the class of integral input-to-state stable (iISS) systems. Feedback connections of two iISS systems are robustly stable with respect to disturbance if an extended small-gain condition is satisfied. It has been proved that at least one of the two iISS subsystems needs to be ISS for guaranteeing globally asymptotic stability and iISS of the overall system. Making use of this necessary condition for the stability, this paper gives a new interpretation to the iISS small gain theorem as transient plus ISS small-gain regulation. The observation provides useful information for designing and analyzing nonlinear control systems based on the iISS small-gain theorem
Adaptive parameter estimation for an energy model of belt conveyor with DC motor

In practice, design parameters of a belt conveyor are likely drifting away
from their design values by maintenance, readjustment, retrofit, abrasion and
circumstance change. For the purpose of energy optimization, these parameters
should be estimated through experiments. In this paper, a new energy model of
a DC motor driven belt conveyor is presented. Then, based on an adaptive
observer, a parameter estimation algorithm is derived. In addition, under
a persistent excitation condition, the convergence of the parameters to the
desired values can also be concluded. Compared with the existing methods,
our methods can be implemented by measuring only the feed rate of the belt
conveyor and the angular velocity of the rotor of the DC motor.National Science Foundation of China (No. 61074091, 61174216, 61273183), the National Science Foundation of Hubei Province (2011CDB187), the Scientific Innovation Team Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (T201103).http://eu.wiley.comhb201