pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections for Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel at √s=8 TeV with ATLAS

Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=8 TeV. The analysis is performed in the H → γγ decay channel using 20.3 fb−1 of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assuming that the width of the resonance is much smaller than the experimental resolution. The signal yields are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution. The pp → H → γγ fiducial cross section is measured to be 43.2 ±9.4(stat.) − 2.9 + 3.2 (syst.) ±1.2(lumi)fb for a Higgs boson of mass 125.4GeV decaying to two isolated photons that have transverse momentum greater than 35% and 25% of the diphoton invariant mass and each with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.37. Four additional fiducial cross sections and two cross-section limits are presented in phase space regions that test the theoretical modelling of different Higgs boson production mechanisms, or are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. Differential cross sections are also presented, as a function of variables related to the diphoton kinematics and the jet activity produced in the Higgs boson events. The observed spectra are statistically limited but broadly in line with the theoretical expectations
Temperature redistribution modelling during intermittent\ud
microwave convective heating

Microwave power is used for heating and drying processes because of its faster and volumetric heating capability. Non-uniform temperature distribution during microwave application is a major drawback of these processes. Intermittent application of microwave potentially reduces the impact of non-uniformity and improves energy efficiency by redistributing the temperature. However, temperature re-distribution during intermittent microwave heating has not been investigated adequately. Consequently, in this study, a coupled electromagnetic with heat and mass transfer model was developed using the finite element method embedded in COMSOL-Multyphysics software. Particularly, the temperature redistribution due to intermittent heating was investigated. A series of experiments were performed to validate the simulation. The test specimen was an apple and the temperature distribution was closely monitored by a TIC (Thermal Imaging Camera). The simulated temperature profile matched closely with thermal images obtained from experiments
Measurement of the forward $Z$ boson production cross-section in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV

A measurement of the production cross-section for $Z$ bosons that decay to muons is presented. The data were recorded by the LHCb detector during $pp$ collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb$^{-1}$. The cross-section is measured for muons in the pseudorapidity range $2.0 < \eta < 4.5$ with transverse momenta $p_{T} > 20$ GeV/c. The dimuon mass is restricted to $60 < M_{\mu^{+}\mu^{-}} < 120$ GeV/c$^{2}$. The measured cross-section is $$\sigma_{Z\rightarrow\mu^{+}\mu^{-}} = (76.0 \pm 0.3 \pm 0.5 \pm 1.0 \pm 1.3) \, \text{pb}$$ where the uncertainties are due to the sample size, systematic effects, the beam energy and the luminosity. This result is in good agreement with theoretical predictions at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. The cross-section is also measured differentially as a function of kinematic variables of the $Z$ boson. Ratios of the production cross-sections of electroweak bosons are presented using updated LHCb measurements of $W$ boson production. A precise test of the Standard Model is provided by the measurement of the ratio $$\frac{\sigma_{W^{+}\rightarrow\mu^{+}\nu_{\mu}} + \sigma_{W^{-}\rightarrow\mu^{-}\bar{\nu}_{\mu}}}{\sigma_{Z\rightarrow\mu^{+}\mu^{-}}}= 20.63\pm0.09\pm0.12\pm0.05,$$ where the uncertainty due to luminosity cancels
On the use of artificial excitation in operational transfer path analysis

A new measurement procedure to obtain transmissibilities for application in a two-step transfer path analysis is presented. In the proposed method an external excitation, for instance by means of a non-instrumented hammer, is used to bring the structure into vibration. The resulting response is then used to estimate the transmissibilities. In most cases the transmissibilities thus determined are of a better quality as compared to the conventionally determined transmissibilities obtained during machine operation, i.e. in conventional operational transfer path analysis procedures. The reason of this is that when a structure is excited by hammer strokes, its responses are largely independent from each other, whilst vibrations induced by machine operation are in general not.

Subsequently the transmissibilities are applied in a transfer path analysis (TPA) like approach. It was found that the identification of the transfer paths were better as compared to the identification transfer paths by means of a conventional operational transfer path analysis.
The advantages of the method are illustrated by means of an experiment on a small gearbox.

Additionally, a procedure to determine the number of significant transmission paths is proposed which is based upon a singular value decomposition of the response matrix.

In the application discussed in the paper the number of significant structural transmission paths could be estimated by means of this procedure, as well as
the order of magnitude of the strength of the acoustic path relative to that of the structural transmission paths.status: publishe
Study of the deformation-driving νd5/2 orbital in 67 28 Ni 39 using one-neutron transfer reactions

The νg9/2,d5/2,s1/2 orbitals are assumed to be responsible for the swift onset of collectivity observed in the region below 68 Ni. Especially the single-particle energies and strengths of these orbitals are of importance. We studied such properties in the nearby 67 Ni nucleus, by performing a (d,p) -experiment in inverse kinematics employing a post-accelerated radioactive ion beam (RIB) at the REX-ISOLDE facility. The experiment was performed at an energy of 2.95 MeV/u using a combination of the T-REX particle detectors, the Miniball γ -detection array and a newly-developed delayed-correlation technique as to investigate μs-isomers. Angular distributions of the ground state and multiple excited states in 67 Ni were obtained and compared with DWBA cross-section calculations, leading to the identification of positive-parity states with substantial νg9/2 (1007 keV) and νd5/2 (2207 keV and 3277 keV) single-particle strengths up to an excitation energy of 5.8 MeV. 50% of the νd5/2 single-particle strength relative to the νg9/2 -orbital is concentrated in and shared between the first two observed 5/2+ levels. A comparison with extended Shell Model calculations and equivalent ( 3 He,  d ) studies in the region around 90 40 Zr 50 highlights similarities for the strength of the negative-parity pf and positive-parity g9/2 state, but differences are observed for the d5/2 single-particle strength
Anomalous Higgs couplings in angular asymmetries of H → Zℓ + ℓ − and e + e − → HZ

We study in detail the impact of anomalous Higgs couplings in angular asymmetries of the crossing-symmetric processes H → Zℓ + ℓ − and e + e − → HZ . Beyond Standard Model physics is parametrized in terms of the SU(3) × SU(2) L × U(1) Y dimension-six effective Lagrangian. In the light of present bounds on d =6 interactions we study how angular asymmetries can reveal non-standard CP-even and CP-odd couplings. We provide approximate expressions to all observables of interest making transparent their dominant dependence on anomalous couplings. We show that some asymmetries may reveal BSM effects that are hidden in other observables. In particular, CP-even and CP-odd d =6 HZ γ couplings as well as (to a lesser extent) HZℓ + ℓ − contact interactions can generate asymmetries at the several percent level, while having small or no effects on the di-lepton invariant mass spectrum of H → Zℓ + ℓ − . Finally, the higher di-lepton invariant mass probed in e + e − → HZ leads to interesting differences in the asymmetries with respect to those of H → Zℓ + ℓ − that may lead to complementary anomalous coupling searches at the LHC and e + e − colliders
The production and decay of the top partner T in the left–right twin Higgs model at the ILC and CLIC

The left–right twin Higgs model (LRTHM) predicts the existence of the top partner T . In this work, we make a systematic investigation for the single and pair production of this top partner T through the processes: e+e−→tT¯+Tt¯ and TT¯ , the neutral scalar (the SM-like Higgs boson h or neutral pseudoscalar boson ϕ0 ) associate productions e+e−→tT¯h+Tt¯h , TT¯h , tT¯ϕ0+Tt¯ϕ0 and TT¯ϕ0 . From the numerical evaluations for the production cross sections and relevant phenomenological analysis we find that (a) the production rates of these processes, in the reasonable parameter space, can reach the level of several or tens of femtobarns; (b) for some cases, the peak value of the resonance production cross section can be enhanced significantly and reaches to the level of pb; (c) the subsequent decay of T→ϕ+b→tb¯b may generate typical phenomenological features rather different from the signals from other new physics models beyond the standard model (SM); and (d) since the relevant SM background is generally not large, some signals of the top partner T predicted by the LRTHM may be detectable in the future ILC and CLIC experiments
On integrable deformations of superstring sigma models related to AdSn×Sn supercosets

We consider two integrable deformations of 2d sigma models on supercosets associated with AdSn×Sn . The first, the “ η -deformation” (based on the Yang–Baxter sigma model), is a one-parameter generalization of the standard superstring action on AdSn×Sn , while the second, the “ λ -deformation” (based on the deformed gauged WZW model), is a generalization of the non-abelian T-dual of the AdSn×Sn superstring. We show that the η -deformed model may be obtained from the λ -deformed one by a special scaling limit and analytic continuation in coordinates combined with a particular identification of the parameters of the two models. The relation between the couplings and deformation parameters is consistent with the interpretation of the first model as a real quantum deformation and the second as a root of unity quantum deformation. For the AdS2×S2 case we then explore the effect of this limit on the supergravity background associated with the λ -deformed model. We also suggest that the two models may form a dual Poisson–Lie pair and provide direct evidence for this in the case of the integrable deformations of the coset associated with S2
MAGIC observations and multiwavelength properties of the quasar 3C279 in
  2007 and 2009

Context. 3C 279, the first quasar discovered to emit VHE gamma-rays by the
MAGIC telescope in 2006, was reobserved by MAGIC in January 2007 during a major
optical flare and from December 2008 to April 2009 following an alert from the
Fermi space telescope on an exceptionally high gamma -ray state.
  Aims. The January 2007 observations resulted in a detection on January 16
with significance 5.2 sigma, corresponding to a F(> 150 GeV) (3.8 \pm 0.8)
\cdot 10^-11 ph cm^-2 s^-1 while the overall data sample does not show
significant signal. The December 2008 - April 2009 observations did not detect
the source. We study the multiwavelength behavior of the source at the epochs
of MAGIC observations, collecting quasi-simultaneous data at optical and X-ray
frequencies and for 2009 also gamma-ray data from Fermi.
  Methods. We study the light curves and spectral energy distribution of the
source. The spectral energy distributions of three observing epochs (including
the February 2006, which has been previously published in Albert et al. 2008a)
are modeled with one-zone inverse Compton models and the emission on January
16, 2007 also with two zone model and with a lepto-hadronic model.
  Results. We find that the VHE gamma-ray emission detected in 2006 and 2007
challenges standard one-zone model, based on relativistic electrons in a jet
scattering broad line region photons, while the other studied models fit the
observed spectral energy distribution more satisfactorily
Correlated X-ray and Very High Energy emission in the gamma-ray binary
  LS I +61 303

The discovery of very high energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitting X-ray binaries has
triggered an intense effort to better understand the particle acceleration,
absorption, and emission mechanisms in compact binary systems, which provide
variable conditions along eccentric orbits. Despite this, the nature of some of
these systems, and of the accelerated particles producing the VHE emission, is
unclear. To answer some of these open questions, we conducted a multiwavelength
campaign of the VHE gamma-ray emitting X-ray binary LS I +61 303 including the
MAGIC telescope, XMM-Newton, and Swift during 60% of an orbit in 2007
September. We detect a simultaneous outburst at X-ray and VHE bands, with the
peak at phase 0.62 and a similar shape at both wavelengths. A linear fit to the
simultaneous X-ray/VHE pairs obtained during the outburst yields a correlation
coefficient of r=0.97, while a linear fit to all simultaneous pairs provides
r=0.81. Since a variable absorption of the VHE emission towards the observer is
not expected for the data reported here, the correlation found indicates a
simultaneity in the emission processes. Assuming that they are dominated by a
single particle population, either hadronic or leptonic, the X-ray/VHE flux
ratio favors leptonic models. This fact, together with the detected photon
indices, suggests that in LS I +61 303 the X-rays are the result of synchrotron
radiation of the same electrons that produce VHE emission as a result of
inverse Compton scattering of stellar photons
Nagging: A scalable, fault-tolerant, paradigm for distributed search

This paper describes Nagging, a technique for parallelizing search in a heterogeneous distributed computing environment. Nagging exploits the speedup anomaly often observed when parallelizing problems by playing multiple reformulations of the problem or portions of the problem against each other. Nagging is both fault tolerant and robust to long message latencies. In this paper, we show how nagging can be used to parallelize several different algorithms drawn from the artificial intelligence literature, and describe how nagging can be combined with partitioning, the more traditional search parallelization strategy. We present a theoretical analysis of the advantage of nagging with respect to partitioning, and give empirical results obtained on a cluster of 64 processors that demonstrate nagging\u27s effectiveness and scalability as applied to A* search, $alpha beta$ minimax game tree search, and the Davis-Putnam algorithm
Search for the neutral Higgs bosons of the minimal supersymmetric standard model in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for neutral Higgs bosons of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is reported. The analysis is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The data were recorded in 2011 and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb(-1) to 4.8 fb(-1). Higgs boson decays into oppositely-charged in muon or tau lepton pairs are considered for final states requiring either the presence or absence of b-jets. No statistically significant excess over the expected background is observed and exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are derived. The exclusion limits are for the production cross-section of a generic neutral Higgs boson, phi, as a function of the Higgs boson mass and for h/A/H production in the MSSM as a function of the parameters m(A) and tan beta in the m(h)(max) scenario for m(A) in the range of 90 GeV to 500 GeV.<p>ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2013)095</p
ALE spaces from noncommutative U (1) instantons via exact Seiberg-Witten map

The exact Seiberg–Witten (SW) map of a noncommutative (NC) gauge theory gives the commutative equivalent as an ordinary gauge theory coupled to a field dependent effective metric. We study instanton solutions of this commutative equivalent whose self-duality equation turns out to be the exact SW map of NC instantons. We derive general differential equations governing U(1) instantons and we explicitly get an exact solution corresponding to the single NC instanton. Remarkably the effective metric induced by the single U(1) instanton is related to the Eguchi–Hanson metric—the simplest gravitational instanton. Surprisingly the instanton number is not quantized but depends on an integration constant. Our result confirms the expected non-perturbative breakdown of the SW map. However, the breakdown of the map arises in a consistent way: the instanton number plays the role of a parameter giving rise to a one-parameter family of Eguchi–Hanson metrics
Constraints on the geodynamic evolution of the Africa-Iberia plate margin across the Gibraltar Strait from seismic tomography

Geophysical studies point to a complex tectonic and geodynamic evolution of the Alboran Basin and Gulf of Cadiz. Tomographic images show strong seismic waves velocity contrasts in the upper mantle. The high velocity anomaly beneath the Alboran Sea recovered by a number of studies is now a well established feature. Several geodynamic reconstructions have been proposed also on the base of these images. We present and elaborate on results coming from a recent tomography study which concentrates on both
the Alboran and the adjacent Atlantic region. These new results, while they confirm the existence of the fast anomaly below the Alboran region, also show interesting features of the lithosphere-asthenosphere system below the Atlantic. A high velocity body is imaged roughly below the Horseshoe Abyssal plain down to sub-lithospheric depths. This feature suggests either a possible initiation or relic subduction. Pronounced low velocity anomalies pervade the upper mantle below the Atlantic region and separate the lithospheres of the two regions. We also notice a strong change of the upper mantle velocity structure going from south to north across the Gorringe Bank. This variation in structure could be related to the different evolution in the opening of the central and northern Atlantic oceans
Diversity of gamma-ray burst energetics vs. supernova homogeneity: SN 2013cq associated with GRB 130427A

Table 3 can be found at http://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/full_html/2014/07/aa23572-14/T3.htmlAims. Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been found to be associated with broad-lined type-Ic supernovae (SNe), but only a handful of cases have been studied in detail. Prompted by the discovery of the exceptionally bright, nearby GRB 130427A (redshift z = 0.3399), we aim at characterising the properties of its associated SN 2013cq. This is the first opportunity to test the progenitors of high-luminosity GRBs directly.\ud
Methods. We monitored the field of the Swift long-duration GRB 130427A using the 3.6 m TNG and the 8.2 m VLT during the time interval between 3.6 and 51.6 days after the burst. Photometric and spectroscopic observations revealed the presence of the type Ic SN 2013cq.\ud
Results. Spectroscopic analysis suggests that SN 2013cq resembles two previous GRB-SNe, SN 1998bw and SN 2010bh, associated with GRB 980425 and X-ray flash (XRF) 100316D, respectively. The bolometric light curve of SN 2013cq, which is significantly affected by the host galaxy contribution, is systematically more luminous than that of SN 2010bh (~2 mag at peak), but is consistent with SN 1998bw. The comparison with the light curve model of another GRB-connected SN 2003dh indicates that SN 2013cq is consistent with the model when brightened by 20%. This suggests a synthesised radioactive 56Ni mass of ~0.4M⊙. GRB 130427A/SN 2013cq is the first case of low-z GRB-SN connection where the GRB energetics are extreme (Eγ,iso ~ 1054 erg). We show that the maximum luminosities attained by SNe associated with GRBs span a very narrow range, but those associated with XRFs are significantly less luminous. On the other hand the isotropic energies of the accompanying GRBs span 6 orders of magnitude (1048 erg <Eγ,iso< 1054 erg), although this range is reduced when corrected for jet collimation. The GRB total radiated energy is in fact a small fraction of the SN energy budget.The Dark\ud
Cosmology Centre is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation. F.B.\ud
acknowledges support from FONDECYT through Postdoctoral grant 3120227\ud
and from Project IC120009 “Millennium Institute of Astrophysics (MAS)” of\ud
the Iniciativa Científica Milenio del Ministerio de Economía, Fomento y Turismo\ud
de Chile. A.J.C.T. thanks the Spanish Ministry’s Research Project AYA 2012-\ud
39727-C03-01. R.L.C.S. is supported by a Royal Society fellowship. D.M. acknowledges\ud
the Instrument Center for Danish Astrophysics (IDA) for support.\ud
This research was partially supported by contracts ASI INAF I/004/11/1, ASI\ud
INAF I/088/06/0, INAF PRIN 2011, and PRIN MIUR 2010/2011.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Searches for a heavy scalar boson H decaying to a pair of 125 GeV Higgs
  bosons hh or for a heavy pseudoscalar boson A decaying to Zh, in the final
  states with h to tau tau

A search for a heavy scalar boson H decaying into a pair of lighter
standard-model-like 125 GeV Higgs bosons h and a search for a heavy
pseudoscalar boson A decaying into a Z and an h boson are presented. The
searches are performed on a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity
of 19.7 inverse femtobarns of pp collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 8
TeV, collected by CMS in 2012. A final state consisting of two tau leptons and
two b jets is used to search for the H to hh decay. A final state consisting of
two tau leptons from the h boson decay, and two additional leptons from the Z
boson decay, is used to search for the decay A to Zh. The results are
interpreted in the context of the two-Higgs-doublet models. No excess is found
above the standard model expectation and upper limits are set on the heavy
boson production cross sections in the mass ranges 260 < m[H] < 350 GeV and 220
< m[A] < 350 GeV.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference. All
  figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-14-034/index.htm
Measurements of t t-bar charge asymmetry using dilepton final states in
  pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The charge asymmetry in t t-bar events is measured using dilepton final
states produced in pp collisions at the LHC at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. The data
sample, collected with the CMS detector, corresponds to an integrated
luminosity of 19.5 inverse femtobarns. The measurements are performed using
events with two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and two or more
jets, where at least one of the jets is identified as originating from a bottom
quark. The charge asymmetry is measured from differences in kinematic
distributions, unfolded to the parton level, of positively and negatively
charged top quarks and leptons. The t t-bar and leptonic charge asymmetries are
found to be 0.011 +/- 0.011 (stat) +/- 0.007 (syst) and 0.003 +/- 0.006 (stat)
+/- 0.003 (syst), respectively. These results, as well as charge asymmetry
measurements made as a function of the invariant mass, rapidity, and transverse
momentum of the t t-bar system, are in agreement with predictions of the
standard model.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference and DOI.
  All figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-15-009/index.htm