pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The ultra-sensitive electrical detection of spin Rabi oscillation at
  paramagnetic defects

A short review of the pulsed electrically detected magnetic resonance (pEDMR)
experiment is presented. PEDMR allows the highly sensitive observation of
coherent electron spin motion of charge carriers and defects in semiconductors
by means of transient current measurements. The theoretical foundations, the
experimental implementation, its sensitivity and its potential with regard to
the investigation of electronic transitions in semiconductors are discussed.
For the example of the P_b center at the crystalline silicon (111) to silicon
dioxide interface it is shown experimentally how one can detect spin
Rabi-oscillation, its dephasing, coherence decays and spin-coupling effects.Comment: The manuscript has been submitted for journal publicatio
Deep Chandra, HST-COS, and Megacam Observations of the Phoenix Cluster:
  Extreme Star Formation and AGN Feedback on Hundred Kiloparsec Scales

We present new ultraviolet, optical, and X-ray data on the Phoenix galaxy
cluster (SPT-CLJ2344-4243). Deep optical imaging reveals previously-undetected
filaments of star formation, extending to radii of ~50-100 kpc in multiple
directions. Combined UV-optical spectroscopy of the central galaxy reveals a
massive (2x10^9 Msun)), young (~4.5 Myr) population of stars, consistent with a
time-averaged star formation rate of 610 +/- 50 Msun/yr. We report a strong
detection of OVI(1032,1038) which appears to originate primarily in
shock-heated gas, but may contain a substantial contribution (>1000 Msun/yr)
from the cooling intracluster medium. We confirm the presence of deep X-ray
cavities in the inner ~10 kpc, which are amongst the most extreme examples of
radio-mode feedback detected to date, implying jet powers of 2-7 x10^45 erg/s.
We provide evidence that the AGN inflating these cavities may have only
recently transitioned from "quasar-mode" to "radio-mode", and may currently be
insufficient to completely offset cooling. A model-subtracted residual X-ray
image reveals evidence for prior episodes of strong radio-mode feedback at
radii of ~100 kpc, with extended "ghost" cavities indicating a prior epoch of
feedback roughly 100 Myr ago. This residual image also exhibits significant
asymmetry in the inner ~200 kpc (0.15R500), reminiscent of infalling cool
clouds, either due to minor mergers or fragmentation of the cooling ICM. Taken
together, these data reveal a rapidly evolving cool core which is rich with
structure (both spatially and in temperature), is subject to a variety of
highly energetic processes, and yet is cooling rapidly and forming stars along
thin, narrow filaments.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap
CHARA/MIRC observations of two M supergiants in perseus OB1 : temperature, Bayesian modeling, and compressed sensing imaging

The authors acknowledge funding from the NSF through award AST-0807577 to the University of Michigan, as well as funding by the Australian Research Council and the "Lendület Fiatal Kutatói Program" of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences for the initial work on these objects.Two red supergiants (RSGs) of the Per OB1 association, RS Per and T Per, have been observed in the H band using the Michigan Infra-Red Combiner (MIRC) instrument at the CHARA array. The data show clear evidence of a departure from circular symmetry. We present here new techniques specially developed to analyze such cases, based on state-of-the-art statistical frameworks. The stellar surfaces are first modeled as limb-darkened disks based on SATLAS models that fit both MIRC interferometric data and publicly available spectrophotometric data. Bayesian model selection is then used to determine the most probable number of spots. The effective surface temperatures are also determined and give further support to the recently derived hotter temperature scales of RSGs. The stellar surfaces are reconstructed by our model-independent imaging code SQUEEZE, making use of its novel regularizer based on Compressed Sensing theory. We find excellent agreement between the model-selection results and the reconstructions. Our results provide evidence for the presence of near-infrared spots representing about 3%-5% of the stellar flux.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Measurement of the production cross section of jets in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Measurements of the production of jets of particles in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV are presented, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 fb(-1) collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. Inclusive and differential jet cross sections in Z events, with Z decaying into electron or muon pairs, are measured for jets with transverse momentum p(T) > 30 GeV and rapidity vertical bar y vertical bar < 4.4. The results are compared to next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations, and to predictions from different Monte Carlo generators based on leading-order and next-to-leading-order matrix elements supplemented by parton showers
A certified plasmid reference material for the standardisation of BCR-ABL1 mRNA quantification by real-time quantitative PCR.

Serial quantification of BCR-ABL1 mRNA is an important therapeutic indicator in chronic myeloid leukaemia, but there is a substantial variation in results reported by different laboratories. To improve comparability, an internationally accepted plasmid certified reference material (CRM) was developed according to ISO Guide 34:2009. Fragments of BCR-ABL1 (e14a2 mRNA fusion), BCR and GUSB transcripts were amplified and cloned into pUC18 to yield plasmid pIRMM0099. Six different linearised plasmid solutions were produced with the following copy number concentrations, assigned by digital PCR, and expanded uncertainties: 1.08±0.13 × 10(6), 1.08±0.11 × 10(5), 1.03±0.10 × 10(4), 1.02±0.09 × 10(3), 1.04±0.10 × 10(2) and 10.0±1.5 copies/μl. The certification of the material for the number of specific DNA fragments per plasmid, copy number concentration of the plasmid solutions and the assessment of inter-unit heterogeneity and stability were performed according to ISO Guide 35:2006. Two suitability studies performed by 63 BCR-ABL1 testing laboratories demonstrated that this set of 6 plasmid CRMs can help to standardise a number of measured transcripts of e14a2 BCR-ABL1 and three control genes (ABL1, BCR and GUSB). The set of six plasmid CRMs is distributed worldwide by the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (Belgium) and its authorised distributors (https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/en/reference-materials/catalogue/; CRM code ERM-AD623a-f)
Measurement of the ratio of the production cross sections times branching fractions of $B^{\pm}_{\mathrm{c}} \to J \psi {\pi}^{\pm}$ and $B^{\pm}_{\mathrm{c}} \to J \psi K^{\pm}$ and $\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\mp}\right)/\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm}\right)$ in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7$ TeV

The ratio of the production cross sections times branching fractions $\left(\sigma \left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\right)\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm}\right)\right)/\left(\sigma \left({\mathrm{B}}^{\pm}\right)\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {K}^{\pm}\right)\right)$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The kinematic region investigated requires B$_c^{\pm}$ and B$^{\pm}$ mesons with transverse momentum $p_T$ > 15 GeV and rapidity |y| < 1.6. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.1 inverse femtobarns. The ratio is determined to be $\left[0.48\pm 0.05\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.03\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)\pm 0.05\ \left({\tau}_{{\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}}\right)\right]\%$. The $B_c^{\pm} \to J/\psi {\pi}^{\pm}{\pi}^{\pm}{\pi}^{\mp}$ decay mode is also observed in the same data sample. Using a model-independent method developed to measure the efficiency given the presence of resonant behaviour in the three-pion system, the ratio of the branching fractions $\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\pm }{\pi}^{\mp}\right)/\mathrm{\mathcal{B}}\left({\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{\pm}\to \mathrm{J}/\psi {\pi}^{\pm}\right)$ is measured to be $2.55\pm 0.80\left(\mathrm{stat}\right)\pm 0.33{\left(\mathrm{syst}\right)}_{-0.01}^{+0.04}\left({\tau}_{B_c}\right))$, consistent with the previous LHCb result
Hilbert series for moduli spaces of instantons on ℂ 2 /ℤ n

We study chiral gauge-invariant operators on moduli spaces of G instantons for any classical group G on A-type ALE spaces using Hilbert Series (HS). Moduli spaces of instantons on an ALE space can be realized as Higgs branches of certain quiver gauge theories which appear as world-volume theories on D p branes in a D p -D( p + 4) system with the D( p + 4) branes (with or without O( p + 4) planes) wrapping the ALE space. We study in detail a list of quiver gauge theories which are related to G -instantons of arbitrary ranks and instanton numbers on a generic A n −1 ALE space and discuss the corresponding brane configurations. For a large class of theories, we explicitly compute the Higgs branch HS which reveals various algebraic/geometric aspects of the moduli space such as the dimension of the space, generators of the moduli space and relations connecting them. In a large number of examples involving lower rank instantons, we demonstrate that HS for equivalent instantons of isomorphic gauge groups but very different quiver descriptions do indeed agree, as expected
One-loop renormalization in a toy model of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity

We present a one loop calculation in the context of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. Due to the complexity of the calculation in the full theory we focus here on the study of a toy model, namely the conformal reduction of the z = 2 projectable theory in 2 + 1 dimensions. For this value of the dimension there are no gravitons, hence the conformal mode is the only physical degree of freedom, and thus we expect our toy model to lead to qualitatively correct answers regarding the perturbative renormalization of the full theory. We find that Newton’s constant (dimensionless in Hořava-Lifshitz gravity) is asymptotically free. However, the DeWitt supermetric approaches its Weyl invariant form with the same speed and the effective interaction coupling remains constant along the flow. In other words, the would-be asymptotic freedom associated to the running Newton’s constant is exactly balanced by the strong coupling of the scalar mode as the Weyl invariant limit is approached. We conclude that in such model the UV limit is singular at one loop order, and we argue that a similar phenomenon can be expected in the full theory, even in higher dimensions
Aligned natural inflation and moduli stabilization from anomalous U(1) gauge symmetries

To obtain natural inflation with large tensor-to-scalar ratio in string framework, we need a special moduli stabilization mechanism which can separate the masses of real and imaginary components of Kähler moduli at different scales, and achieve a trans-Planckian axion decay constant from sub-Planckian axion decay constants. In this work, we stabilize the matter fields by F-terms and the real components of Kähler moduli by D-terms of two anomalous U(1) X × U(1) A symmetries strongly at high scales, while the corresponding axions remain light due to their independence on the Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term in moduli stabilization. The racetrack-type axion superpotential is obtained from gaugino condensations of the hidden gauge symmetries SU(n)×SU(m) with massive matter fields in the bi-fundamental respresentations. The axion alignment via Kim-Nilles-Pelroso (KNP) mechanism corresponds to an approximate S 2 exchange symmetry of two Kähler moduli in our model, and a slightly S 2 symmetry breaking leads to the natural inflation with super-Planckian decay constant
Noncommutative extension of AdS–CFT and holographic superconductors

In this Letter, we consider a Non-Commutative (NC) extension of AdS–CFT correspondence and its effects on holographic superconductors. NC corrections are incorporated via the NC generalization of Schwarzschild black hole metric in AdS with the probe limit. We study NC effects on the relations connecting the charge density and the critical temperature of the Holographic Superconductors. Furthermore, condensation operator of the superconductor has been analyzed. Our results suggest that generically, NC effects increase the critical temperature of the holographic superconductor
p19(ARF) deficiency reduces macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis and aggravates atherosclerosis

11 pages, 5 figures.-- PMID: 20381282 [PubMed]OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to investigate the role in atherosclerosis of the tumor suppressor protein ARF (human p14(ARF), mouse p19(ARF)) encoded by the CDKN2A gene. BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is characterized by excessive proliferation and apoptosis, 2 cellular processes regulated by CDKN2A. Although recent genome-wide association studies have linked atherosclerotic diseases to a genomic region in human chromosome 9p21 near the CDKN2A locus, the mechanisms underlying this gene-disease association remain undefined, and no causal link has been established between CDKN2A and atherosclerosis. METHODS: Atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E (apoE)-null and doubly deficient apoE-p19(ARF) mice were fed an atherogenic diet and sacrificed to quantify atherosclerosis burden in whole-mounted aortas and in aortic cross-sections. Proliferation and apoptosis were investigated in atherosclerotic lesions and in primary cultures of macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells obtained from both groups of mice. RESULTS: Genetic disruption of p19(ARF) in apoE-null mice augments aortic atherosclerosis without affecting body weight, plasma lipoproteins, or plaque's proliferative activity. Notably, p19(ARF) deficiency significantly attenuates apoptosis both in atherosclerotic lesions and in cultured macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, 2 major cellular constituents of atheromatous plaques. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings establish a direct link between p19(ARF), plaque apoptosis, and atherosclerosis, and suggest that human genetic variants associated to diminished CDKN2A expression may accelerate atherosclerosis by limiting plaque apoptosis.Work supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) and European Regional Development Fund (SAF2007-62110), and from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (RECAVA: RD06/0014/0021). H.G.-N., Y.N.A.N., and A.V.\ud
received salary support from CSIC’s JAE-Doctor programme, ISCIII, and MICINN,\ud
respectively. The Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) is supported by the MICINN and the Pro-CNIC Foundation.Peer reviewe
Measurement of the distributions of event-by-event flow harmonics in lead-lead collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

The distributions of event-by-event harmonic flow coefficients v (n) for n = 2- 4 are measured in = 2.76 TeV Pb + Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using charged particles with transverse momentum p (T) &gt; 0.5 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range |eta| &lt; 2.5 in a dataset of approximately 7 mu b(-1) recorded in 2010. The shapes of the v (n) distributions suggest that the associated flow vectors are described by a two-dimensional Gaussian function in central collisions for v (2) and over most of the measured centrality range for v (3) and v (4). Significant deviations from this function are observed for v (2) in mid-central and peripheral collisions, and a small deviation is observed for v (3) in mid-central collisions. In order to be sensitive to these deviations, it is shown that the commonly used multi-particle cumulants, involving four particles or more, need to be measured with a precision better than a few percent. The v (n) distributions are also measured independently for charged particles with 0.5 &lt; p (T) &lt; 1 GeV and p (T) &gt; 1 GeV. When these distributions are rescaled to the same mean values, the adjusted shapes are found to be nearly the same for these two p (T) ranges. The v (n) distributions are compared with the eccentricity distributions from two models for the initial collision geometry: a Glauber model and a model that includes corrections to the initial geometry due to gluon saturation effects. Both models fail to describe the experimental data consistently over most of the measured centrality range.<p>ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP11(2013)183</p
Using geomorphic and biological indicators of coastal uplift for the evaluation of paleoseismicity and

The westernmost part of the Gulf of Corinth (Greece) is an area of very fast extension (~15 mm/yr
according to geodetic measurements) and active normal faulting, accompanied by intense coastal uplift and
high seismicity. This study presents geomorphic and biological evidence of Holocene coastal uplift at the
western extremity of the Gulf, where such evidence was previously unknown. Narrow shore platforms
(benches) and rare notches occur mainly on Holocene littoral conglomerates of uplifting small fan deltas.
They are perhaps the only primary paleoseismic evidence likely to provide information on earthquake
recurrence at coastal faults in the specific part of the Rift system, whereas dated marine fauna can provide
constraints on average Holocene coastal uplift rate.
The types of geomorphic and biological evidence identified are not ideal, and there are limitations and
pitfalls involved in their evaluation. In a first approach, 5 uplifted paleoshorelines may be indentified, at 0.4-
0.7, 1.0-1.3, 1.4-1.7, 2.0-2.3 and 2.8-3.4 m a.m.s.l. They probably formed after 1728 or 2250 Cal. B.P.
(depending on the marine reservoir correction used in the calibration of measured radiocarbon ages). A
most conservative estimate for the average coastal uplift rate during the Late Holocene is 1.6 or 1.9 mm/yr
minimum (with different amounts of reservoir correction). Part of the obtained radiocarbon ages of
Lithophaga sp. allows for much higher Holocene uplift rates, of the order of 3-4 mm/yr, which cannot be
discarded given that similar figures exist in the bibliography on Holocene and Pleistocene uplift at
neighbouring areas. They should best be cross-checked by further studies though.
That the identified paleoshoreline record corresponds to episodes of coastal uplift only, cannot be
demonstrated beyond all doubt by independent evidence, but it appears the most likely interpretation, given
the geological and active-tectonic context and, what is known about eustatic sea-level fluctuations in the
Mediterranean. Proving that the documented uplifts were abrupt (i.e., arguably coseismic), is equally difficult,
but reasonably expected and rather probable. Five earthquakes in the last ca. 2000 yrs on the coastal fault
zone responsible for the uplift, compare well with historical seismicity and the results of recent on-fault
paleoseismological studies at the nearby Eliki fault zone. Exact amounts of coseismic uplift cannot be
determined precisely, unless the rate of uniform ("regional") non-seismic uplift of Northern Peloponnesus at
the specific part of the Corinth Rift is somehow constrained
The abject single: exploring the gendered experience of singleness in Britain

The file associated with this record is under an 18-month embargo from publication in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. The full text may be available through the publisher links provided above.This paper explores the gendered experience of singleness in Britain through a theoretical and empirical understanding of the abject. Drawing on the writings of Judith Butler, we argue that singleness is culturally pathologised as an abject ‘other’, a liminal state which renders the legitimation of the single subject unintelligible. Through 14 active interviews with British singles, we demonstrate how our participants negotiate their marginal status vis-à-vis the marketplace and the broader society that continue to uphold heterosexual partnership as a normative form of intimacy. Our data uncovers persistent and powerful gender stereotypes of how singles ought to organise their lives and conform both to social, as well as market-driven pressures. We therefore highlight research gaps in the experience of singleness and critique the heteronormative framework that remains dominant, yet concealed, in gender research.Peer-reviewedPost-prin
AMEND : a model explaining neutrino masses and dark matter testable at the LHC and MEG.

Despite being very successful in explaining the wide range of precision experimental results obtained so far, the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles fails to address two of the greatest observations of the recent decades: tiny but nonzero neutrino masses and the well-known problem of missing mass in the Universe. Typically the new models beyond the SM explain only one of these observations. Instead, in the present article, we take the view that they both point towards the same new extension of the Standard Model. The new particles introduced are responsible simultaneously for neutrino masses and for the dark matter of the Universe. The stability of dark matter and the smallness of neutrino masses are guaranteed by a U(1) global symmetry, broken to a remnant TeX. The canonical seesaw mechanism is forbidden and neutrino masses emerge at the loop level being further suppressed by the small explicit breaking of the U(1) symmetry. The new particles and interactions are invoked at the electroweak scale and lead to rich phenomenology in colliders, in lepton flavour violating rare decays and in direct and indirect dark matter searches, making the model testable in the coming future
A financial engineering approach to identify stock market bubble.

In this paper we adopt an engineering method based on Al-Anaswah and Wilfling, state space model with Markov-switching, to capture the speculative bubbles of stock markets in China and US. We present the VAR log linear asset pricing model in state space model with Markov-switching, so that we can capture the unobservable speculative bubbles. Based on the dataset from Stock markets in China and US, we find empirically that the engineering technique we choose detect the stock markets bubbles effectively, and that the switching probabilities between the surviving and collapsing regimes. In-the-sample and out-of-sample forecasting further support our empirical evidence
Stochastic delay Lotka-Volterra model

We reveal in this paper that the environmental noise will not only suppress a potential population explosion in the stochastic delay Lotka-Volterra model but will also make the solutions to be stochastically ultimately bounded. To reveal these interesting facts, we stochastically perturb the delay Lotka-Volterra model ̇ x(t) = diag(x1 (t),..., xn(t))[b + Ax(t - τ)] into the Itô form dx(t) = diag(x1 (t),..., xn(t) [(b + Ax(t - τ))dt + σ x(t) dw(t)], and show that although the solution to the original delay equation may explode to infinity in a finite time, with probability one that of the associated stochastic delay equation does not. We also show that the solution of the stochastic equation will be stochastically ultimately bounded without any additional condition on the matrix A