pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Limit Theorems and Coexistence Probabilities for the Curie-Weiss Potts Model with an external field

17 pagesInternational audienceThe Curie-Weiss Potts model is a mean field version of the well-known Potts model. In this model, the critical line $\beta = \beta_c (h)$ is explicitly known and corresponds to a first order transition when $q > 2$. In the present paper we describe the fluctuations of the density vector in the whole domain $\beta \geqslant 0$ and $h \geqslant 0$, including the conditional fluctuations on the critical line and the non-Gaussian fluctuations at the extremity of the critical line. The probabilities of each of the two thermodynamically stable states on the critical line are also computed. Similar results are inferred for the Random-Cluster model on the complete graph
Electromagnetic glitch on the AES round counter

International audienceThis article presents a Round Addition Analysis on a software implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. The round keys are computed on-the-fly during each encryption. A non-invasive transient fault injection is achieved on the AES round counter. The attack is performed by injecting a very short electromagnetic glitch on a 32-bit microcontroller based on the arm Cortex-M3 processor. Using this experimental setup, we are able to disrupt the round counter increment at the end of the penultimate round and execute one additional round. This faulty execution enables us to recover the encryption key with only two pairs of corresponding correct and faulty ciphertexts
GIADA: shining a light on the monitoring of the comet dust production from the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov Gerasimenko

International audienceDuring the period between 15 September 2014 and 4 February 2015, the Rosetta spacecraft accomplished the circular orbit phase around the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). The Grain Impact Analyzer and Dust Accumulator (GIADA) onboard Rosetta moni- tored the 67P coma dust environment for the entire period.Aims. We aim to describe the dust spatial distribution in the coma of comet 67P by means of in situ measurements. We determine dynamical and physical properties of cometary dust particles to support the study of the production process and dust environment modification.Methods. We analyzed GIADA data with respect to the observation geometry and heliocentric distance to describe the coma dust spatial distribu- tion of 67P, to monitor its activity, and to retrieve information on active areas present on its nucleus. We combined GIADA detection information with calibration activity to distinguish different types of particles that populate the coma of 67P: compact particles and fluffy porous aggregates. By means of particle dynamical parameters measured by GIADA, we studied the dust acceleration region.Results. GIADA was able to distinguish different types of particles populating the coma of 67P: compact particles and fluffy porous aggregates. Most of the compact particle detections occurred at latitudes and longitudes where the spacecraft was in view of the comet’s neck region of the nucleus, the so-called Hapi region. This resulted in an oscillation of the compact particle abundance with respect to the spacecraft position and a global increase as the comet moved from 3.36 to 2.43 AU heliocentric distance. The speed of these particles, having masses from 10−10 to 10−7 kg, ranged from 0.3 to 12.2 m s−1 . The variation of particle mass and speed distribution with respect to the distance from the nucleus gave indications of the dust acceleration region. The influence of solar radiation pressure on micron and submicron particles was studied. The integrated dust mass flux collected from the Sun direction, that is, particles reflected by solar radiation pressure, was three times higher than the flux coming directly from the comet nucleus. The awakening 67P comet shows a strong dust flux anisotropy, confirming what was suggested by on-ground dust coma observations performed in 2008
Magnetic anisotropy and magnetic domain structure in C-doped Mn5Ge3

International audienceMagnetic properties of Mn5Ge3C0.7 thin films grown by molecular beam epitaxy have been studied. SQUID-VSM measurements and magnetic force microscopy have been used to probe the magnetic state and determine the relevant magnetic parameters. The results are supported by a combination of improved Saito's and Kittel's models. The moderate perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (Q(exp) - 2K(u)/mu M-0(Sat)2 approximate to 0:2) leads to a stripe domain structure for film thicknesses above 28 nm. For thinner films, the magnetization lies in-plane. The uniaxial magnetocrystalline constant has been found to be much weaker than in Mn5Ge3 and is assigned to hybridization effect between the Mn and C atoms
Cancer stem cells: Beyond Koch’s postulates

International audienceUntil the last century, infectious diseases were the leading cause of human mortality. Therefore, our current medical reasoning is profoundly influenced by views that originated from medical microbiology. The notion that cancer growth is sustained by a sub-population of particular cells, the cancer stem cells, is highly reminiscent of the germ theory of disease as exemplified by Koch's postulates in the XIX th century. However, accumulating data underscore the importance of cell-cell interactions and tumor environment. Hence it is essential to critically review the basic tenets of the cancer stem cell concept on the light of their relationships with Koch's postulates. Shifting the pathogenic element from a special cellular entity (cancer stem cell or microorganism) to a " pathogenic field " could be critical for curing both cancer and drug-resistant infectious diseases
Mapping urban climate zones and quantifying climate behaviors - An application on Toulouse urban area (France)

International audienceFacing the concern of the population to its environment and to climatic change, city planners are now considering the urban climate in their choices of planning. The use of climatic maps, such Urban Climate Zone--UCZ, is adapted for this kind of application. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the UCZ classification, integrated in the World Meteorological Organization guidelines, first can be automatically determined for sample areas and second is meaningful according to climatic variables. The analysis presented is applied on Toulouse urban area (France). Results show first that UCZ differentiate according to air and surface temperature. It has been possible to determine the membership of sample areas to an UCZ using landscape descriptors automatically computed with GIS and remote sensed data. It also emphasizes that climate behavior and magnitude of UCZ may vary from winter to summer. Finally we discuss the influence of climate data and scale of observation on UCZ mapping and climate characterization
Permafrost extension modeling in rock slope since the Last Glacial Maximum: application to the large Séchilienne landslide (French Alps).

12 pagesInternational audienceRecent dating performed on large landslides in the Alps reveal that the initiation of instability did not immediately follow deglaciation but occurred several thousand years after ice down-wastage in the valleys. This result indicates that debuttressing is not the immediate cause of landslide initiation. The period of slope destabilization appears to coincide with the wetter and warmer Holocene Climatic Optimum, indicating a climatic cause of landslide triggering, although the role of seismic activity cannot be ruled out. A phenomenon which may partly explain the delay between valley deglaciation and gravitational instability is the temporal persistence of thick permafrost layers developed in the Alps since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). This hypothesis was tested through 2D thermal numerical modeling of the large Séchilienne landslide (Romanche valley, French Alps) using plausible input parameter values. Simulation results suggest that permafrost vanished in the Séchilienne slope at 10 to 11 ka, 3,000 to 4,000 years following the total ice down-wastage of the Romanche valley at 14.3 ka. Permafrost persistence could have contributed to the failure delay by temporally strengthening the slope. Numerical simulations also show that the permafrost depth expansion approximately fits the thickness of ground affected by gravitational destabilization, as deduced from geophysical investigations. These results further suggest that permafrost development, associated with an ice segregation mechanism, damaged the rock slope and influenced the resulting landslide geometry
Simultaneous remote transfer of accurate timing and optical frequency over a public fiber network

In this work we demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to transfer simultaneously an ultra-stable optical frequency and a precise and accurate timing over 540 km using a public telecommunication optical fiber networks with Internet data. The optical phase is used to carry both the frequency information and the timestamps by modulating a very narrow optical carrier at 1.55 µm with spread spectrum signals using two-way satellite time transfer modems. The results in term of absolute time accuracy (250 ps) and long-term timing stability (20 ps) well outperform the conventional Global Navigation Satellite System or geostationary transfer methods
Salt precipitation and trapped liquid cavitation in micrometric capillary tubes.

International audienceLaboratory evidence shows that the occurrence of solid salt in soil pores causes drastic changes in the topology of the porous spaces and possibly also in the properties of the occluded liquid. Observations were made on NaCl precipitation in micrometric cylindrical capillary tubes, filled with a 5.5 M NaCl aqueous solution and submitted to drying conditions. Solid plug-shaped NaCl (halite) commonly grows at the two liquid-air interfaces, isolating the inner liquid column. The initially homogeneous porosity of the capillary tube becomes heterogeneous because of these two NaCl plugs, apparently closing the micro-system on itself. After three months, we observed cavitation of a vapor bubble in the liquid behind the NaCl plugs. This event demonstrates that the occluded liquid underwent a metastable superheated state, controlled by the capillary state of thin capillary films persisting around the NaCl precipitates. These observations show, first, that salt precipitation can create a heterogeneous porous medium in an initially regular network, thus changing the transfer properties due to isolating significant micro-volumes of liquid. Second, our experiment illustrates that the secondary salt growth drastically modifies the thermo-chemical properties of the occluded liquid and thus its reactive behavior
Seismology and activity of the F type star HD 49933

accepted in A&A LettersA 10-night asteroseismic observation programme has been conducted in January 2004 with the spectrometer Harps at the ES0 3.6-m telescope. The selected target, the 6th magnitude F5V star HD 49933, was chosen among the prime candidates of Corot, the European space mission dedicated to characterize stellar oscillations mode with high precision photometry measurements. This star shows important line profiles variations, indicating a surprisingly high activity with respect to its low rotation rate. However, with the help of tools developed for disentangling the signatures of activity and oscillations, we are able to observe its oscillation spectrum in the frequency range [1.2, 2.2 mHz]. We measure the large separation (88.7+-0.4 microHz) and the maximum amplitude (around 0.4+-0.1 m/s rms), respectively in agreement and marginal agreement with the predicted values
A modelling exercise on the importance of ternary alkaline earth carbonate species of uranium(VI) in the inorganic speciation of natural waters

International audiencePredictive modelling of uranium speciation in natural waters can be achieved using equilibrium thermodynamic data and adequate speciation software. The reliability of such calculations is highly dependent on the equilibrium reactions that are considered as entry data, and the values chosen for the equilibrium constants. The working group " Speciation " of the CETAMA (Analytical methods establishment committee of the French Atomic Energy commission, CEA) has organized a modelling exercise, including four participants, in order to compare modellers' selections of data and test thermodynamic data bases regarding the calculation of U(VI) inorganic speciation. Six different compositions of model waters were chosen so that to check the importance of ternary alkaline earth carbonate species of U(VI) on the aqueous speciation, and the possible uranium solid phases as solubility-limiting phases. The comparison of the results from the participants suggests i) that it would be highly valuable for end-users to review thermodynamic constants of ternary carbonate species of U(VI) in a consistent way and implement them in available speciation data bases, and ii) stresses the necessary care when using data bases to avoid biases and possible erroneous calculations
Quantum Fluctuation Relations for the Lindblad Master Equation

International audienceAn open quantum system interacting with its environment can be modeled under suitable assumptions as a Markov process, described by a Lindblad master equation. In this work, we derive a general set of fluctuation relations for systems governed by a Lindblad equation. These identities provide quantum versions of Jarzynski-Hatano-Sasa and Crooks relations. In the linear response regime, these fluctuation relations yield a fluctuation-dissipation theorem (FDT) valid for a stationary state arbitrarily far from equilibrium. For a closed system, this FDT reduces to the celebrated Callen-Welton-Kubo formula
Field statistics in linear viscoelastic composites and polycrystals.

International audienceThe aim of this study is to estimate the effective response, as well as the statistics of the fields (average and fluctuations per phase) in linear viscoelastic heterogeneous materials. To this effect, a variational method based on a rate variational principle (RVP) has recently been introduced by the authors in which, at each time step, the stress or strain fields are approximated by those of a linear thermoelastic comparison composite. In the present study, a different derivation of this estimate is proposed, based on a simple approximation of the stress field along the time steps. The present study also explores the accuracy of the RVP model by comparing its predictions with reference results, either in closed form (for specific two-phase particulate composites) or obtained by full-field simulations (FFT method) for 2D polycrystals. A differential equation for the second moment of the stress field in the individual phases of two-phase particulate composites is given for the first time. These comparisons show that the RVP model delivers a very accurate estimate of the effective behavior as well as of the statistics of the local fields in two-phase particulate composites. For polycrystalline materials subjected to monotonic loading, the effective behavior and the statistics of the local fields are well predicted. The agreement is less accurate for cycling loadings
Usefulness of a single-item measure of depression to predict mortality: the GAZEL prospective cohort study.
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single-item of depression and mortality

International audienceBACKGROUND: It remains unknown whether short measures of depression perform as well as long measures in predicting adverse outcomes such as mortality. The present study aims to examine the predictive value of a single-item measure of depression for mortality. METHODS: A total of 14,185 participants of the GAZEL cohort completed the 20-item Center-for-Epidemiologic-Studies-Depression (CES-D) scale in 1996. One of these items (I felt depressed) was used as a single-item measure of depression. All-cause mortality data were available until 30 September 2009, a mean follow-up period of 12.7 years with a total of 650 deaths. RESULTS: In Cox regression model adjusted for baseline socio-demographic characteristics, a one-unit increase in the single-item score (range 0-3) was associated with a 25% higher risk of all-cause mortality (95% CI: 13-37%, P<0.001). Further adjustment for health-related behaviours and physical chronic diseases reduced this risk by 36% and 8%, respectively. After adjustment for all these variables, every one-unit increase in the single-item score predicted a 15% increased risk of death (95% CI: 5-27%, P<0.01). There is also an evidence of a dose-reponse relationship between reponse scores on the single-item measure of depression and mortality. CONCLUSION: This study shows that a single-item measure of depression is associated with an increased risk of death. Given its simplicity and ease of administration, a very simple single-item measure of depression might be useful for identifying middle-aged adults at risk for elevated depressive symptoms in large epidemiological studies and clinical settings
Targeted energy transfer between a Rotor and a Morse oscillator: A model for selective chemical dissociation

International audienceStandard Kramers theory of chemical reactions involves a coupling with a Langevin thermal bath which intrinsically forbids the possible existence of Discrete Breathers (DBs) (i.e. local modes). However, it is now known that in complex systems, that energy may focus for long time as Discrete Breathers (local mode). In very special systems, targeted energy transfer may occur subsequently to another selected site and induces an ultraselective chemical reaction operating at low temperature. The dynamics of the reaction is non brownian but highly coherent along a speciﬁc path in the phase space where the system is nearly integrable (chemical expressway). A simple toy model illustrating this idea is reduced to a Rotor weakly coupled to a Morse oscillator (supposed to represent two speciﬁc local modes in a complex system) which are appropriately tuned for targeted energy transfer. When the Rotor is initially rotating with a frequency resonant with those of theMorse oscillator at rest, the energy of the Rotor is almost completely transferred to the Morse oscillator and induces chemical dissociation. The periodic oscillations of the Rotor andMorse oscillator remain coherent and their frequencies simultaneously vary, but always remain resonant. This process is analytically described within an integrable approximation. Numerical investigations of this model conﬁrm that in the appropriate conditions, the particle in the Morse oscillator is indeed promptly ejected at inﬁnity with a ﬁnite velocity (chemical dissociation) despite some chaotic transient manifesting imperfect integrability
Scheduling for Responsive Grids

en cours de soumission chez Kluwer Academic PublishersIn the 70s, the transition from batch systems to interactive computing fueled the widespread diffusion of advances in integrated circuit technology. Grids are facing a similar challenge, namely the seamless integration of the grid power into everyday use. One critical component for this integration is responsiveness, the capacity to support on-demand computing and interactivity. A large contributor to responsiveness is the Quality of Service (QoS) for the job execution time. Grid scheduling is involved at two levels in order to provide QoS: the policy level and the implementation level. The main contributions of this paper are as follows. First, we present a detailed analysis of the performance of the EGEE grid with respect to responsiveness. Second, we define and demonstrate a virtualization scheme, which achieves QoS, schedulability analysis, and coexistence of QoS and best-effort poli- cies, within a brokering-based system organized as a federation of batch-scheduled clusters. Last, we examine two user-level schedulers located between the general scheduling layer and the application layer. These are the DIANE (DIstributed ANal- ysis Environment) framework, a general-purpose overlay system, and a specialized, embedded scheduler for gPTM3D, an interactive medical image analysis application
Sounding of finite solid bodies by way of topological derivative

This paper is concerned with an application of the concept of topological derivative to elastic-wave imaging of finite solid bodies containing cavities. Building on the approach originally proposed in the (elastostatic) theory of shape optimization, the topological derivative, which quantifies the sensitivity of a featured cost functional due to the creation of an infinitesimal hole in the cavity-free (reference) body, is used as a void indicator through an assembly of sampling points where it attains negative values. The computation of topological derivative is shown to involve an elastodynamic solution to a set of supplementary boundary-value problems for the reference body, which are here formulated as boundary integral equations. For a comprehensive treatment of the subject, formulas for topological sensitivity are obtained using three alternative methodologies, namely (i) direct differentiation approach, (ii) adjoint field method, and (iii) limiting form of the shape sensitivity analysis. The competing techniques are further shown to lead to distinct computational procedures. Methodologies (i) and (ii) are implemented within a BEM-based platform and validated against an analytical solution. A set of numerical results is included to illustrate the utility of topological derivative for 3D elastic-wave sounding of solid bodies; an approach that may perform best when used as a pre-conditioning tool for more accurate, gradient-based imaging algorithms. Despite the fact that the formulation and results presented in this investigation are established on the basis of a boundary integral solution, the proposed methodology is readily applicable to other computational platforms such as the finite element and finite difference techniques
Generation of InN nanocrystals in organic solution through laser ablation of high pressure chemical vapor deposition-grown InN thin film

Cataloged from PDF version of article.We report the synthesis of colloidal InN nanocrystals (InN-NCs) in organic solution through nanosecond pulsed laser ablation of high pressure chemical vapor deposition-grown InN thin film on GaN/sapphire template substrate. The size, the structural, the optical, and the chemical characteristics of InN-NCs demonstrate that the colloidal InN crystalline nanostructures in ethanol are synthesized with spherical shape within 5.9-25.3, 5.45-34.8, 3.24-36 nm particle-size distributions, increasing the pulse energy value. The colloidal InN-NCs solutions present strong absorption edge tailoring from NIR region to UV region. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V
Advances in measuring lifespan in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Much research aimed at discovering the genetic bases of longevity focuses on the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Unfortunately, yeast researchers use a definition of longevity not applied to other species. We propose here a method that makes it possible to estimate for yeast the same measures of longevity calculated for other species. We also show that the conventional method (equating longevity with the number of offspring) is only an approximate measure of true chronological lifespan. Our method will allow results for yeast to be compared more correctly with those for other species
One-loop renormalization factors and mixing coeffecients of bilinear quark operators for improved gluon and quark actions

We calculate one-loop renormalization factors and mixing coefficients of bilinear quark operators for a class of gluon actions with six-link loops and O(a)-improved quark action. The calculation is carried out by evaluating on-shell Green\u27s functions of quarks and gluons in the standard perturbation theory. We find a general trend that finite parts of one-loop coefficients are reduced approximately by a factor two for the renormalization-group improved gluon actions compared with the case of the standard plaquette gluon action