pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for low mass vector resonances decaying into quark-antiquark
  pairs in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search for narrow vector resonances decaying into quark-antiquark pairs is
presented. The analysis is based on data collected in proton-proton collisions
at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 35.9 inverse femtobarns. The hypothetical resonance is
produced with sufficiently high transverse momentum that its decay products are
merged into a single jet with two-prong substructure. A signal would be
identified as a peak over a smoothly falling background in the distribution of
the invariant mass of the jet, using novel jet substructure techniques. No
evidence for such a resonance is observed within the mass range of 50-300 GeV.
Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section,
and presented in a mass-coupling parameter space. The limits further constrain
simplified models of dark matter production involving a mediator interacting
between quarks and dark matter particles through a vector or axial-vector
current. In the framework of these models, the results are the most sensitive
to date, extending for the first time the search region to masses below 100
GeV.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-17-001/
  (CMS Public Pages
Grading : harmonising standards and stakeholder expectations

This paper suggests that when a course is planned within one culture for delivery to members of another culture, appropriate quality control of assessment becomes an issue of major proportions.  Based on their experience of presenting an Aid Agency-funded Masters course in a developing country in the Pacific, the authors describe the processes to address the needs and wants of all the stakeholders, with different cultural expectations.  Maintaining a balance between domestic and Pacific student cohorts regarding resources and opportunities for study was especially challenging.  However, grounding grades in course curriculum and clearly stated objectives permitted the teaching team to meet external requirements while maintaining their professional and academic freedom
Calibration of vector navigation in desert ants.

Desert ants (Cataglyphis sp.) monitor their position relative to the nest using a form of dead reckoning [1] [2] [3] known as path integration (PI) [4]. They do this with a sun compass and an odometer to update an accumulator that records their current position [1]. Ants can use PI to return to the nest [2] [3]. Here, we report that desert ants, like honeybees [5] and hamsters [6], can also use PI to approach a previously visited food source. To navigate to a goal using only PI information, a forager must recall a previous state of the accumulator specifying the goal, and compare it with the accumulator's current state [4]. The comparison - essentially vector subtraction - gives the direction to the goal. This whole process, which we call vector navigation, was found to be calibrated at recognised sites, such as the nest and a familiar feeder, throughout the life of a forager. If a forager was trained around a one-way circuit in which the result of PI on the return route did not match the result on the outward route, calibration caused the ant's trajectories to be misdirected. We propose a model of vector navigation to suggest how calibration could produce such trajectories
RG-improved single-particle inclusive cross sections and forward-backward asymmetry in tt ̄ production at hadron colliders

We use techniques from soft-collinear effective theory (SCET) to derive renormalization-group improved predictions for single-particle inclusive (1PI) observables in top-quark pair production at hadron colliders. In particular, we study the top-quark transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions, the forward-backward asymmetry at the Tevatron, and the total cross section at NLO+NNLL order in resummed perturbation theory and at approximate NNLO in fixed order. We also perform a detailed analysis of power corrections to the leading terms in the threshold expansion of the partonic hard-scattering kernels. We conclude that, although the threshold expansion in 1PI kinematics is susceptible to numerically significant power corrections, its predictions for the total cross section are in good agreement with those obtained by integrating the top-pair invariant-mass distribution in pair invariant-mass kinematics, as long as a certain set of subleading terms appearing naturally within the SCET formalism is included
Few electron double quantum dot in an isotopically purified 28Si quantum well

We present a few electron double quantum dot device defined in an isotopically purified 28Si quantum well (QW). An electron mobility of 5.5·104cm2(Vs)-1 is observed in the QW, which is the highest mobility ever reported for a two-dimensional electron system in 28Si. The residual concentration of 29Si nuclei in the 28Si QW is lower than 103ppm, at the verge where the hyperfine interaction is theoretically no longer expected to dominantly limit the T2 spin dephasing time. We also demonstrate a complete suppression of hysteretic gate behavior and charge noise using a negatively biased global top gate.\ud
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© 2012 American Institute of Physics\u
Can Information Asymmetry Cause Stratification?

The empirical literature has found evidence of locational sorting of workers by wage or skill.  We show that such sorting can be driven by asymmetric information in the labor market, specifically when firms do not know if a particular worker is of high or low skill. In a model with two types and two regions, workers of different skill levels are offered separating contracts in equilibrium.  When mobile low skill worker population rises or there is technological change that favors high skilled workers, integration of both types of workers in the same region at equilibrium becomes unstable, whereas sorting of worker types into different regions in equilibrium remains stable.  The instability of integrated equilibria results from firms, in the region to which workers are perturbed, offering attractive contracts to low skill workers when there is a mixture of workers in the region of origin.
How do neighbors influence investment in social capital? : Homeownership and length of residence

This paper uses individual data from Japan to explore how the circumstances of where a person resides are related to the degree of their investment in social capital. Controlling for unobserved area-specific fixed effects and various individual characteristics, I found; (1) Not only that homeownership and length of residence are positively related to investment in social capital, but also that rates of homeownership and long-time residency in a locality increase an individual’s investments in social capital. (2) The effects of local neighborhood homeownership and local length of residence are distinctly larger than those of an individual’s homeownership or length of residence.
A conditional directional distance function approach for measuring regional environmental efficiency: Evidence from the UK regions

This paper, by using conditional directional distance functions as introduced by Simar and Vanhems [J. Econometrics 166 (2012) 342-354] modifies the model by Färe and Grosskopf [Eur. J. Operat. Res. 157 (2004) 242-245], examines the link between regional environmental efficiency and economic growth. The proposed model using conditional directional distance functions incorporates the effect of regional economic growth on regions’ environmental efficiency levels. The results from the UK regional data reveal that economic growth has a negative effect on regions’ environmental performance up to a certain GDP per capita level, where after that point the effect becomes positive. This indicates the existence of a Kuznets type relationship between the UK regions’ environmental performance and economic growth.
The influence of variable selection methods on the accuracy of bankruptcy prediction models

Over the last four decades, bankruptcy prediction has given rise to an extensive body of literature, the aim of which was to assess the conditions under which forecasting models perform effectively. Of all the parameters that may influence model accuracy, one has rarely been discussed: the influence of the variable selection method. The aim of our research is to evaluate the prediction accuracy of models designed with various classification techniques and variables selection methods. As a result, we demonstrate that a search strategy cannot be designed without considering the characteristics of the modeling technique and that the fit between the variable selection method and the technique used to design models is a key factor in performance.
Robust regression with imprecise data

We consider the problem of regression analysis with imprecise data. By imprecise data we mean imprecise observations of precise quantities in the form of sets of values. In this paper, we explore a recently introduced likelihood-based approach to regression with such data. The approach is very general, since it covers all kinds of imprecise data (i.e. not only intervals) and it is not restricted to linear regression. Its result consists of a set of functions, reflecting the entire uncertainty of the regression problem. Here we study in particular a robust special case of the likelihood-based imprecise regression, which can be interpreted as a generalization of the method of least median of squares. Moreover, we apply it to data from a social survey, and compare it with other approaches to regression with imprecise data. It turns out that the likelihood-based approach is the most generally applicable one and is the only approach accounting for multiple sources of uncertainty at the same time.
CP violation in multibody B decays from QCD factorization

We test a data-driven approach based on QCD factorization for charmless three-body B-decays by confronting it to measurements of CP violation in B⁻→ π⁻π⁺π⁻. While some of the needed non-perturbative objects can be directly extracted from data, some others can, so far, only be modelled. Although this approach is currently model dependent, we comment on the perspectives to reduce this model dependence. While our model naturally accommodates the gross features of the Dalitz distribution, it cannot quantitatively explain the details seen in the current experimental data on local CP asymmetries. We comment on possible refinements of our simple model and conclude by briefly discussing a possible extension of the model to large invariant masses, where large local CP asymmetries have been measured
Gaze training enhances laparoscopic technical skill acquisition and multi-tasking performance: a randomized, controlled study.

addresses: College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, EX1 2LU, UK. Mark.Wilson@exeter.ac.uknotes: PMCID: PMC3213335types: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tPublicly available through Springer Open Access © Springer 
Science+Business Media B.V. 2011The operating room environment is replete with stressors and distractions that increase the attention demands of what are already complex psychomotor procedures. Contemporary research in other fields (e.g., sport) has revealed that gaze training interventions may support the development of robust movement skills. This current study was designed to examine the utility of gaze training for technical laparoscopic skills and to test performance under multitasking conditions
Molecular motion regulates the activity of the Mitochondrial Serine Protease HtrA2.

Supplementary Information accompanies this paper on Cell Death and Disease website (http://www.nature.com/cddis)HtrA2 (high-temperature requirement 2) is a human mitochondrial protease that has a role in apoptosis and Parkinson's disease. The structure of HtrA2 with an intact catalytic triad was determined, revealing a conformational change in the active site loops, involving mainly the regulatory LD loop, which resulted in burial of the catalytic serine relative to the previously reported structure of the proteolytically inactive mutant. Mutations in the loops surrounding the active site that significantly restricted their mobility, reduced proteolytic activity both in vitro and in cells, suggesting that regulation of HtrA2 activity cannot be explained by a simple transition to an activated conformational state with enhanced active site accessibility. Manipulation of solvent viscosity highlighted an unusual bi-phasic behavior of the enzymatic activity, which together with MD calculations supports the importance of motion in the regulation of the activity of HtrA2. HtrA2 is an unusually thermostable enzyme (TM=97.3 °C), a trait often associated with structural rigidity, not dynamic motion. We suggest that this thermostability functions to provide a stable scaffold for the observed loop motions, allowing them a relatively free conformational search within a rather restricted volume.Funding to Biomolecular Structure and Function lab was provided by the project Norte-01-0145-FEDER-000008 – Porto Neurosciences and Neurologic Disease Research Initiative at I3S, supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER). CM, MJR and PAF acknowledge the financial support from the European Union (FEDER funds POCI/01/0145/FEDER/007728) and National Funds (FCT/MEC, Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Ministério da Educação e Ciência) under the Partnership Agreement PT2020 UID/MULTI/04378/2013. C.M. is a recipient of a FCT PhD fellowship (SFRH/BD/84016/2012). M.M. thanks the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) for its support through the Ciência 2008 program.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
An exploration of sense of community, part 3: dimensions and predictors of psychological sense of community in geographical communities

Within the discipline of community psychology there remains considerable debate as to the latent structure of psychological sense of community (PSOC). One of the few theoretical discussions is that of McMillan and Chavis (1986), who hypothesized four dimensions: Belonging; Fulfillment of Needs; Influence; and Shared Connections. Discussion has also emerged in the literature regarding the role of identification within PSOC. However few studies have empirically investigated the role of identification in PSOC. The current study explored PSOC in a sample of residents of rural, regional and urban geographical communities (N = 669). In an endeavor to clarify the underlying dimensions of PSOC, a test battery included several measures of PSOC as well as measures of identification with the community. The study also examined the role of demographic factors in predicting PSOC. Results provided support for McMillan and Chavis\u27 (1986) four dimensions of PSOC. Further, a fifth dimension emerged, that of Conscious Identification, suggesting that identification is separate to existing dimensions of PSOC. The demographic factors significantly associated with PSOC were type of region, with rural participants displaying higher PSOC than their urban counterparts; participation in local organizations; having children; and a vision of one&rsquo;s neighborhood as broader than just a street or block. These results, and the implications for PSOC research, are discussed.<br /
Reliability analysis of two-unit cold standby repairable systems under Poisson
shock.

This paper analyses the reliability of a cold standby system consisting of two
re- pairable units, a switch and a repairman. At any time, one of the two units
is operating while the other is on cold standby. The repairman may not always at
the job site, or take vacation. We assume that shocks can attack the operating
unit. The arrival times of the shocks follow a homogeneous Poisson process and
their magni- tude is a random variable following a known distribution. Time on
repairing a failed unit and the length of repairman's vacation follow general
continuous probability distributions, respectively. The paper derives a number
of reliability indices: sys- tem reliability, mean time to first failure,
steady-state availability, and steady-state failure frequency
Large Interstellar Polarisation Survey II. UV/optical study of
  cloud-to-cloud variations of dust in the diffuse ISM

It is well known that the dust properties of the diffuse interstellar medium
exhibit variations towards different sight-lines on a large scale. We have
investigated the variability of the dust characteristics on a small scale, and
from cloud-to-cloud. We use low-resolution spectro-polarimetric data obtained
in the context of the Large Interstellar Polarisation Survey (LIPS) towards 59
sight-lines in the Southern Hemisphere, and we fit these data using a dust
model composed of silicate and carbon particles with sizes from the molecular
to the sub-micrometre domain. Large (> 6 nm) silicates of prolate shape account
for the observed polarisation. For 32 sight-lines we complement our data set
with UVES archive high-resolution spectra, which enable us to establish the
presence of single-cloud or multiple-clouds towards individual sight-lines. We
find that the majority of these 35 sight-lines intersect two or more clouds,
while eight of them are dominated by a single absorbing cloud. We confirm
several correlations between extinction and parameters of the Serkowski law
with dust parameters, but we also find previously undetected correlations
between these parameters that are valid only in single-cloud sight-lines. We
find that interstellar polarisation from multiple-clouds is smaller than from
single-cloud sight-lines, showing that the presence of a second or more clouds
depolarises the incoming radiation. We find large variations of the dust
characteristics from cloud-to-cloud. However, when we average a sufficiently
large number of clouds in single-cloud or multiple-cloud sight-lines, we always
retrieve similar mean dust parameters. The typical dust abundances of the
single-cloud cases are [C]/[H] = 92 ppm and [Si]/[H] = 20 ppm.Comment: A&A accepte
Search for high mass dilepton resonances in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This Letter presents a search for high mass e+e−e+e− or μ+μ−μ+μ− resonances in pp   collisions at View the MathML sources=7 TeV at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of ∼40 pb−1∼40 pb−1. No statistically significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed in the search region of dilepton invariant mass above 110 GeV. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the cross section times branching ratio of Z′Z′ resonances decaying to dielectrons and dimuons as a function of the resonance mass. A lower mass limit of 1.048 TeV on the Sequential Standard Model Z′Z′ boson is derived, as well as mass limits on Z⁎Z⁎ and E6E6-motivated Z′Z′ models.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
retrospective nationwide compiled data

Antimicrobial resistance is closely linked to antimicrobial use and is a growing concern worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance increases healthcare costs substantially in many countries, including Lebanon. National data from Lebanon have, in the most part, been limited to a few academic hospitals. The Lebanese Society of Infectious Diseases conducted a retrospective study to better describe the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacterial isolates in Lebanon. Data were based on records retrieved from the bacteriology laboratories of 16 different Lebanese hospitals between January 2011 and December 2013. The susceptibility results of a total 20 684 Gram-positive and 55 594 Gram-negative bacteria were analyzed. The prevalence rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 27.6% and of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp was 1%. Streptococcus pneumoniae had susceptibilities of 46% to oxacillin, 63% to erythromycin, and 98% to levofloxacin. Streptococcus pyogenes had susceptibilities of 94% to erythromycin and 95% to clindamycin. The mean ampicillin susceptibility of Haemophilus influenzae, Salmonella spp, and Shigella spp isolates was 79%, 81.3%, and 62.2%, respectively. The extended-spectrum beta-lactamase production rate for Escherichia coli was 32.3% and for Klebsiella spp was 29.2%. Acinetobacter spp showed high resistance to most antimicrobials, with low resistance to colistin (17.1%). Pseudomonas spp susceptibilities to piperacillin–tazobactam and imipenem were lower than 80% (79.7% and 72.8%, respectively). This study provides population-specific data that are valuable in guiding antimicrobial use in Lebanon and neighbouring countries and will help in the establishment of a surveillance system for antimicrobial resistance following the implementation of a nationwide standardization of laboratory methods and data entry.PublishedN/
Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein and gut permeability responses to exercise

Purpose\ud
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Intestinal cell damage due to physiological stressors (e.g. heat, oxidative, hypoperfusion/ischaemic) may contribute to increased intestinal permeability. The aim of this study was to assess changes in plasma intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP) in response to exercise (with bovine colostrum supplementation, Col, positive control) and compare this to intestinal barrier integrity/permeability (5 h urinary lactulose/rhamnose ratio, L/R).\ud
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Methods\ud
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In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design, 18 males completed two experimental arms (14 days of 20 g/day supplementation with Col or placebo, Plac). For each arm participants performed two baseline (resting) intestinal permeability assessments (L/R) pre-supplementation and one post-exercise following supplementation. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-exercise to determine I-FABP concentration.\ud
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Results\ud
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Two-way repeated measures ANOVA revealed an arm × time interaction for L/R and I-FABP (P < 0.001). Post hoc analyses showed urinary L/R increased post-exercise in Plac (273% of pre, P < 0.001) and Col (148% of pre, P < 0.001) with post-exercise values significantly lower with Col (P < 0.001). Plasma I-FABP increased post-exercise in Plac (191% of pre-exercise, P = 0.002) but not in the Col arm (107%, P = 0.862) with post-exercise values significantly lower with Col (P = 0.013). Correlations between the increase in I-FABP and L/R were evident for visit one (P = 0.044) but not visit two (P = 0.200) although overall plots/patterns do appear similar for each.\ud
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Conclusion\ud
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These findings suggest that exercise-induced intestinal cellular damage/injury is partly implicated in changes in permeability but other factors must also contribute