pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Production of antimatter $^{5,6}$Li nuclei in central Au+Au collisions
  at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV

Combining the covariant coalescence model and a blast-wave-like analytical
parametrization for (anti-)nucleon phase-space freezeout configuration, we
explore light (anti-)nucleus production in central Au+Au collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV. Using the nucleon freezeout configuration (denoted
by FO1) determined from the measured spectra of protons (p), deutrons (d) and
$^{3}$He, we find the predicted yield of $^{4}$He is significantly smaller than
the experimental data. We show this disagreement can be removed by using a
nucleon freezeout configuration (denoted by FO2) in which the nucleons are
assumed to freeze out earlier than those in FO1 to effectively consider the
effect of large binding energy value of $^{4}$He. Assuming the binding energy
effect also exists for the production of $^5\text{Li}$,
$^5\overline{\text{Li}}$, $^6\text{Li}$ and $^6\overline{\text{Li}}$ due to
their similar binding energy values as $^{4}$He, we find the yields of these
heavier (anti-)nuclei can be enhanced by a factor of about one order, implying
that although the stable (anti-)$^6$Li nucleus is unlikely to be observed, the
unstable (anti-)$^5$Li nucleus could be produced in observable abundance in
Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV where it may be identified
through the p-$^4\text{He}$ ($\overline{\text{p}}$-$^4\overline{\text{He}}$)
invariant mass spectrum. The future experimental measurement on
(anti-)$^5\text{Li}$ would be very useful to understand the production
mechanism of heavier antimatter.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables. Typos fixed and one ref added. Accepted
  version to appear in PL
Metabarcoding approach for non-indigenous species surveillance in marine coastal waters

Here we applied High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) metabarcoding for the surveillance of plankton communities within the SE Baltic Sea coastal zone. Results were compared to those from routine monitoring survey and morphological analyses. Four of five non-indigenous species found in the samples were identified exclusively by metabarcoding. All of them are considered as invasive in the Baltic Sea with reported impacts on ecosystem and biodiversity. This study indicates that despite some current limitations, HTS metabarcoding can provide information on presence of exotics and advantageously complement conventional approach, without exceeding the regular monitoring effort. Such a combination of HTS metabarcoding and observational records could be recommended, even in the currently immature status of HTS, for assisting early detection of marine pests and delivery of the non-indigenous species-related environmental status metrics
Multi - instantons, supersymmetry and topological field theories

In this letter we argue that instanton-dominated Green's functions in N=2 Super Yang-Mills theories can be equivalently computed either using the so-called constrained instanton method or making reference to the topological twisted version of the theory. Defining an appropriate BRST operator (as a supersymmetry plus a gauge variation), we also show that the expansion coefficients of the Seiberg-Witten effective action for the low-energy degrees of freedom can be written as integrals of total derivatives over the moduli space of self-dual gauge connections
A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum

Bentley, M. J., Ocofaigh, C., Anderson, J. B., Conway, H., Davies, B., Graham, A. G. C., Hillenbrand, C. D., Hodgson, D. A., Jamieson, S. S. R., Larter, R. D., Mackintosh, A., Smith, J. A., Verleyen, E., Ackert, R. P., Bart, P. J., Berg, S., Brunstein, D., Canals, M., Colhoun, E. A., Crosta, X., Dickens, W. A., Domack, E., Dowdeswell, J. A., Dunbar, R., Ehrmann, W., Evans, J., Favier, V., Fink, D., Fogwill, C. J., Glasser, N. F., Gohl, K., Golledge, N. R., Goodwin, I., Gore, D. B., Greenwood, S. L., Hall, B. L., Hall, K., Hedding, D. W., Hein, A. S., Hocking, E. P., Jakobsson, M., Johnson, J. S., Jomelli, V., Jones, R. S., Klages, J. P., Kristoffersen, Y., Kuhn, G., Leventer, A., Licht, K., Lilly, K., Lindow, J., Livingstone, S. J., Mass?, G., McGlone, M. S., McKay, R. M., Melles, M., Miura, H., Mulvaney, R., Nel, W., Nitsche, F. O., O'Brien, P. E., Post, A. L., Roberts, S. J., Saunders, K. M., Selkirk, P. M., Simms, A. R., Spiegel, C., Stolldorf, T. D., Sugden, D. E., van der Putten, N., van Ommen, T., Verfaillie, D., Vyverman, W., Wagner, B., White, D. A., Witus, A. E. Zwartz, D. (2014). A community-based geological reconstruction of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum. Quaternary Science Reviews, 100, 1-9.A robust understanding of Antarctic Ice Sheet deglacial history since the Last Glacial Maximum is important in order to constrain ice sheet and glacial-isostatic adjustment models, and to explore the forcing mechanisms responsible for ice sheet retreat. Such understanding can be derived from a broad range of geological and glaciological datasets and recent decades have seen an upsurge in such data gathering around the continent and Sub-Antarctic islands. Here, we report a new synthesis of those datasets, based on an accompanying series of reviews of the geological data, organised by sector. We present a series of timeslice maps for 20 ka, 15 ka, 10 ka and 5 ka, including grounding line position and ice sheet thickness changes, along with a clear assessment of levels of confidence. The reconstruction shows that the Antarctic Ice sheet did not everywhere reach the continental shelf edge at its maximum, that initial retreat was asynchronous, and that the spatial pattern of deglaciation was highly variable, particularly on the inner shelf. The deglacial reconstruction is consistent with a moderate overall excess ice volume and with a relatively small Antarctic contribution to meltwater pulse la. We discuss key areas of uncertainty both around the continent and by time interval, and we highlight potential priorities for future work. The synthesis is intended to be a resource for the modelling and glacial geological community. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.publishersversionPeer reviewe
Effects of geological heterogeneity on CO2 distribution and migration – A case study from the Johansen Formation, Norway

In characterizing subsurface reservoirs for CO2 storage, the geological heterogeneity distribution is of importance with respect to the injectivity and migration paths. The object of this study is a saline aquifer of Jurassic age; the Johansen Formation of the Northern North Sea. Through scenario modeling the effect of site-typical geological heterogeneities of depositional origin have been tested. The existence of laterally continuous calcite cemented layers and draping mud layers of low permeability in association
with flooding events, could compartmentalize the reservoir. This is not necessarily a disadvantage; however, as the sweep efficiency becomes higher when the plume is spread out, potentially increasing the effect of trapping mechanisms
CALIFA, the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area survey

We present the first public data release (DR1) of the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) survey. It consists of science-grade optical datacubes for the first 100 of eventually 600 nearby (0.005 < z < 0.03) galaxies, obtained with the integral-field spectrograph PMAS/PPak mounted on the 3.5 m telescope at the Calar Alto observatory. The galaxies in DR1 already cover a wide range of properties in color-magnitude space, morphological type, stellar mass, and gas ionization conditions. This offers the potential to tackle a variety of open questions in galaxy evolution using spatially resolved spectroscopy. Two different spectral setups are available for each galaxy, (i) a low-resolution V500 setup covering the nominal wavelength range 3745-7500 angstrom with a spectral resolution of 6.0 angstrom (FWHM), and (ii) a medium-resolution V1200 setup covering the nominal wavelength range 3650-4840 angstrom with a spectral resolution of 2.3 angstrom (FWHM). We present the characteristics and data structure of the CALIFA datasets that should be taken into account for scientific exploitation of the data, in particular the effects of vignetting, bad pixels and spatially correlated noise. The data quality test for all 100 galaxies showed that we reach a median limiting continuum sensitivity of 1.0 x 10(-18) erg s(-1) cm(-2) angstrom(-1) arcsec(-2) at 5635 angstrom and 2.2 x 10(-18) erg s(-1) cm(-2) angstrom(-1) arcsec(-2) at 4500 angstrom for the V500 and V1200 setup respectively, which corresponds to limiting r and g band surface brightnesses of 23.6 mag arcsec(-2) and 23.4 mag arcsec(-2), or an unresolved emission-line flux detection limit of roughly 1 x 10(-17) erg s(-1) cm(-2) arcsec(-2) and 0.6 x 10(-17) erg s(-1) cm(-2) arcsec(-2), respectively. The median spatial resolution is 3 ''.7, and the absolute spectrophotometric calibration is better than 15% (1 sigma). We also describe the available interfaces and tools that allow easy access to this first public CALIFA data at http://califa.caha.es/DR1
Operational performance and analysis of two rabies vaccination campaigns in N'Djamena, Chad

Transmission of rabies from animals to people continues despite availability of good vaccines for both human and animal use. The only effective strategy to achieve elimination of dog rabies and the related human exposure is to immunize dogs at high coverage levels. We present the analysis of two consecutive parenteral dog mass vaccination campaigns conducted in N'Djamena in 2012 and 2013 to advocate the feasibility and effectiveness for rabies control through proof of concept. The overall coverage reached by the intervention was &gt;70% in both years. Monthly reported rabies cases in dogs decreased by more than 90% within one year. Key points were a cooperative collaboration between the three partner institutions involved in the control program, sufficient information and communication strategy to access local leaders and the public, careful planning of the practical implementation phase and the effective motivation of staff. The dynamic and semi to non-restricted nature of dog populations in most rabies endemic areas is often considered to be a major obstacle to achieve sufficient vaccination coverage. However, we show that feasibility of dog mass vaccination is highly dependent on human determinants of dog population accessibility and the disease awareness of dog owners. Consequently, prior evaluation of the human cultural and socio-economic context is an important prerequisite for planning dog rabies vaccination campaigns
Health consequences of exposure to e-waste : a systematic review

Background\ud
\ud
The population exposed to potentially hazardous substances through inappropriate and unsafe management practices related to disposal and recycling of end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment, collectively known as e-waste, is increasing. We aimed to summarise the evidence for the association between such exposures and adverse health outcomes.\ud
\ud
Methods\ud
\ud
We systematically searched five electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycNET, and CINAHL) for studies assessing the association between exposure to e-waste and outcomes related to mental health and neurodevelopment, physical health, education, and violence and criminal behaviour, from Jan 1, 1965, to Dec 17, 2012, and yielded 2274 records. Of the 165 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, we excluded a further 142, resulting in the inclusion of 23 published epidemiological studies that met the predetermined criteria. All studies were from southeast China. We assessed evidence of a causal association between exposure to e-waste and health outcomes within the Bradford Hill framework.\ud
\ud
Findings\ud
\ud
We recorded plausible outcomes associated with exposure to e-waste including change in thyroid function, changes in cellular expression and function, adverse neonatal outcomes, changes in temperament and behaviour, and decreased lung function. Boys aged 8–9 years living in an e-waste recycling town had a lower forced vital capacity than did those living in a control town. Significant negative correlations between blood chromium concentrations and forced vital capacity in children aged 11 and 13 years were also reported. Findings from most studies showed increases in spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, and premature births, and reduced birthweights and birth lengths associated with exposure to e-waste. People living in e-waste recycling towns or working in e-waste recycling had evidence of greater DNA damage than did those living in control towns. Studies of the effects of exposure to e-waste on thyroid function were not consistent. One study related exposure to e-waste and waste electrical and electronic equipment to educational outcomes.\ud
\ud
Interpretation\ud
\ud
Although data suggest that exposure to e-waste is harmful to health, more well designed epidemiological investigations in vulnerable populations, especially pregnant women and children, are needed to confirm these associations.\ud
\ud
Funding\ud
\ud
Children's Health and Environment Program, Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Australia
Charge correlations using the balance function in Pb–Pb collisions at sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV

In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, the correlations between the emitted particles can be used as a probe to gain insight into the charge creation mechanisms. In this Letter, we report the first results of such studies using the electric charge balance function in the relative pseudorapidity (Δη) and azimuthal angle (Δφ) in Pb–Pb collisions at sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The width of the balance function decreases with growing centrality (i.e. for more central collisions) in both projections. This centrality dependence is not reproduced by HIJING, while AMPT, a model which incorporates strings and parton rescattering, exhibits qualitative agreement with the measured correlations in Δφ but fails to describe the correlations in Δη. A thermal blast-wave model incorporating local charge conservation and tuned to describe the pT spectra and v2 measurements reported by ALICE, is used to fit the centrality dependence of the width of the balance function and to extract the average separation of balancing charges at freeze-out. The comparison of our results with measurements at lower energies reveals an ordering with sqrt(s)=2.76 TeV: the balance functions become narrower with increasing energy for all centralities. This is consistent with the effect of larger radial flow at the LHC energies but also with the late stage creation scenario of balancing charges. However, the relative decrease of the balance function widths in Δη and Δφ with centrality from the highest SPS to the LHC energy exhibits only small differences. This observation cannot be interpreted solely within the framework where the majority of the charge is produced at a later stage in the evolution of the heavy-ion collision
Bibliometric analysis - A new business area for information professionals in libraries? : Support for scientific research by perception and trend analysis

Supplying library users with literature by a seamless linking of media is the goal of (scientific) libraries. By the digitization of primary and secondary data and the convergence of products and providers, libraries have already come very close to achieving this ideal. A digital library is the realization of this goal. However, many librarians are in danger of running out of imagination. What will come after the digital library? Will information professionals still be needed? What services can libraries offer? Bibliometric analysis is an example of new business areas in libraries. This paper will discuss what shape this service could take in practice, who needs it and what target groups exist in the scientific environment. Concrete examples of bibliometric analysis from the Central Library of Research Centre Julich will round off the overview
Generalized planar black holes and the holography of hydrodynamic shear

AdS black holes with planar event horizon topology play a central role in AdS/CFT holography, and particularly in its applications. Generalizations of the known planar black holes can be found by considering the Plebański–Demiański metrics, a very general family of exactly specified solutions of the Einstein equations. These generalized planar black holes may be useful in applications. We give a concrete example of this in the context of the holographic description of the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). We argue that our generalized planar black holes allow us to construct a model of the internal shearing motion generated when the QGP is produced in peripheral heavy-ion collisions. When embedded in string theory, the bulk physics is in fact unstable. We find however that this instability may develop too slowly to affect the evolution of the plasma, except possibly for high values of the quark chemical potential, such as will be studied in experimental scans of the quark matter phase diagram
Unifying the PST and the auxiliary tensor field formulations of 4 D self-duality

We unify the Lorentz- and <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> duality-covariant approach to 4 D self-dual theories by Pasti, Sorokin and Tonin (PST) with the formulation involving an auxiliary tensor field. We present the basic features of the new hybrid approach, including symmetries of the relevant generalized PST action. Its salient peculiarity is the unique form of the realization of the PST gauge symmetries. The corresponding transformations do not affect the auxiliary tensor field, which guarantees the self-duality of the nonlinear actions in which the <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>2</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> invariant interactions are constructed out of the tensor field
Modified algebraic Bethe ansatz for XXZ chain on the segment – I: Triangular cases

The modified algebraic Bethe ansatz, introduced by Crampé and the author [8] , is used to characterize the spectral problem of the Heisenberg XXZ spin- 12 chain on the segment with lower and upper triangular boundaries. The eigenvalues and the eigenvectors are conjectured. They are characterized by a set of Bethe roots with cardinality equal to N the length of the chain and which satisfies a set of Bethe equations with an additional term. The conjecture follows from exact results for small chains. We also present a factorized formula for the Bethe vectors of the Heisenberg XXZ spin- 12 chain on the segment with two upper triangular boundaries
Operator analysis of p T -widths of TMDs

Transverse momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs), TMDs for short, are defined as the Fourier transform of matrix elements of non-local combinations of quark and gluon fields. The nonlocality is bridged by gauge links, which for TMDs have characteristic paths (future or past pointing), giving rise to a process dependence that breaks universality. It is possible, however, to construct sets of universal TMDs of which in a given process particular combinations are needed with calculable, process-dependent, coefficients. This occurs for both T-odd and T-even TMDs, including also the unpolarized quark and gluon TMDs. This extends the by now well-known example of T-odd TMDs that appear with opposite sign in single-spin azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering or in the Drell-Yan process. In this paper we ana-lyze the cases where TMDs enter multiplied by products of two transverse momenta, which includes besides the p T -broadening observable, also instances with rank-2 structures. To experimentally demonstrate the process dependence of the latter cases requires measurements of second harmonic azimuthal asymmetries, while the p T -broadening will require measurements of processes beyond semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering or the Drell-Yan process. Furthermore, we propose specific quantities that will allow for theoretical studies of the process dependence of TMDs using lattice QCD calculations
Spatiotemporal patterns driven by autocatalytic internal reaction noise

7 pages, 4 figures.The influence that intrinsic local-density fluctuations can have on solutions of mean-field reaction-diffusion models is investigated numerically by means of the spatial patterns arising from two species that react and diffuse in the presence of strong internal reaction noise. The dynamics of the Gray–Scott (GS) model [P. Gray and S. K. Scott, Chem. Eng. Sci. 38, 29 (1983); and ibid.39, 1087 (1984); and J. Phys. Chem. 89, 22 (1985)] with a constant external source is first cast in terms of a continuum field theory representing the corresponding master equation. We then derive a Langevin description of the field theory and use these stochastic differential equations in our simulations. The nature of the multiplicative noise is specified exactly without recourse to assumptions and turns out to be of the same order as the reaction itself, and thus cannot be treated as a small perturbation. Many of the complex patterns obtained in the absence of noise for the GS model are completely obliterated by these strong internal fluctuations, but we find novel spatial patterns induced by this reaction noise in the regions of parameter space that otherwise correspond to homogeneous solutions when fluctuations are not included.One of the authors\ud
(M.-P.Z.) acknowledges a fellowship provided by INTA for\ud
training in astrobiology. The research of one of the authors\ud
(D.H.) is supported in part by funds from CSIC, Comunidad\ud
Autónoma de Madrid, and another author (F.M.) acknowledges\ud
partial support from Grant No. BMC2003-06957 from\ud
MEC (Spain).Peer reviewe
The meridional gradiente soft the  S-SE Brazilian continental shelf: Introduction to the special volume

This Special Issue is dedicated to the southern and southeastern Brazilian continental shelf. The works comprising the Issue review, substantia teor improve the description of the mechanisms the drive oceanographic processes known to date, and also report new findings. The works support that the strong meridional gradient of physical-chemical characteristics observed in this region is driven by the La Plata River plume   influence of oceanic water masses in the north. The importance of the annual cycle of the wind field modulating the volumes of the distinct waters masses on the shelf is consolidated. The results gathered by this Special Issue strongly support that the continental shelf area near São Sebastião Island delimits two main oceanographic regimes with contrasting sedimentation rates and distinct primary and secondary production mechanisms. Nonetheless, it became clear that process-oriented studies are  imperative for understanding how this region functions