pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Transmembrane Domain Targeting Peptide Antagonizing ErbB2/Neu Inhibits Breast Tumor Growth and Metastasis

SummaryBreast cancer is still a deadly disease despite major achievements in targeted therapies designed to block ligands or ligand-binding subunits of major tyrosine kinase receptors. Relapse is significant and metastases deleterious, which demands novel strategies for fighting this disease. Here, we report a proof-of-concept experiment demonstrating that small peptides interfering with the transmembrane domain of the tyrosine kinase epidermal growth factor receptor ErbB2 exhibit anticancer properties when used at micromolar dosages in a genetically engineered mouse model of breast cancer. Different assays demonstrate the specificity of the ErbB2-targeting peptide, which induces long-term reduction of ErbB2 phosphorylation and Akt signaling consistent with reduced tumor cell proliferation and increased survival. Microcomputed tomography analysis established the antimetastatic activity of the peptide and its impact on primary tumor growth. This reveals the interior of the cell membrane as an unexplored dimension for drug design
Polyandry in nature: a global analysis.

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReviewOpen Access articleA popular notion in sexual selection is that females are polyandrous and their offspring are commonly sired by more than a single male. We now have large-scale evidence from natural populations to be able to verify this assumption. Although we concur that polyandry is a generally common and ubiquitous phenomenon, we emphasise that it remains variable. In particular, the persistence of single paternity, both within and between populations, requires more careful consideration. We also explore an intriguing relation of polyandry with latitude. Several recent large-scale analyses of the relations between key population fitness variables, such as heterozygosity, effective population size (Ne), and inbreeding coefficients, make it possible to examine the global effects of polyandry on population fitness for the first time.Natural Environment Research Council (NERC
Socioeconomic status and the 25 × 25 risk factors as determinants of premature mortality: a multicohort study and meta-analysis of 1·7 million men and women.

In 2011, WHO member states signed up to the 25 × 25 initiative, a plan to cut mortality due to non-communicable diseases by 25% by 2025. However, socioeconomic factors influencing non-communicable diseases have not been included in the plan. In this study, we aimed to compare the contribution of socioeconomic status to mortality and years-of-life-lost with that of the 25 × 25 conventional risk factors.
We did a multicohort study and meta-analysis with individual-level data from 48 independent prospective cohort studies with information about socioeconomic status, indexed by occupational position, 25 × 25 risk factors (high alcohol intake, physical inactivity, current smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity), and mortality, for a total population of 1 751 479 (54% women) from seven high-income WHO member countries. We estimated the association of socioeconomic status and the 25 × 25 risk factors with all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality by calculating minimally adjusted and mutually adjusted hazard ratios [HR] and 95% CIs. We also estimated the population attributable fraction and the years of life lost due to suboptimal risk factors.
During 26·6 million person-years at risk (mean follow-up 13·3 years [SD 6·4 years]), 310 277 participants died. HR for the 25 × 25 risk factors and mortality varied between 1·04 (95% CI 0·98-1·11) for obesity in men and 2 ·17 (2·06-2·29) for current smoking in men. Participants with low socioeconomic status had greater mortality compared with those with high socioeconomic status (HR 1·42, 95% CI 1·38-1·45 for men; 1·34, 1·28-1·39 for women); this association remained significant in mutually adjusted models that included the 25 × 25 factors (HR 1·26, 1·21-1·32, men and women combined). The population attributable fraction was highest for smoking, followed by physical inactivity then socioeconomic status. Low socioeconomic status was associated with a 2·1-year reduction in life expectancy between ages 40 and 85 years, the corresponding years-of-life-lost were 0·5 years for high alcohol intake, 0·7 years for obesity, 3·9 years for diabetes, 1·6 years for hypertension, 2·4 years for physical inactivity, and 4·8 years for current smoking.
Socioeconomic circumstances, in addition to the 25 × 25 factors, should be targeted by local and global health strategies and health risk surveillance to reduce mortality.
European Commission, Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Swiss National Science Foundation, the Medical Research Council, NordForsk, Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
Search for W′→tb decays in the lepton + jets final state in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV

Results are presented from a search for the production of a heavy gauge boson W′ decaying into a top and a bottom quark, using a data set collected by the CMS experiment at √s = 8TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb−1. Various models of W′-boson production are studied by allowing for an arbitrary combination of left-and right-handed couplings. The analysis is based on the detection of events with a lepton (e, μ), jets, and missing transverse energy in the final state. No evidence for W′-boson production is found and 95% confidence level upper limits on the production cross section times branching fraction are obtained. For W′ bosons with purely right-handed couplings, and for those with left-handed couplings assuming no interference effects, the observed 95% confidence level limit is M(W′) > 2.05TeV. For W′ bosons with purely left handed couplings, including interference effects, the observed 95% confidence level limit is M(W′) > 1.84TeV. The results presented in this paper are the most stringent limits published to date.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Differential assessment of emotions and moods: development and validation of the emotion and mood components of anxiety questionnaire

Our research assessed whether mood and emotion can be measured as distinct constructs. Development and validation of the Emotion and Mood Components of Anxiety Questionnaire (EMCA-Q) is reported. We based the questionnaire on a subjective-contextual model of emotion-mood distinctions, which specifies that differentiation of the emotion of anxiety from an anxious mood should reflect an individual's awareness of the context in which the respective feeling states occur. In study 1, we describe the development of the 10-item, two factor EMCA-Q. In study 2, we use confirmatory factor analysis to provide support for the factorial validity of the scale. In study 3, we provide preliminary evidence of construct validity by demonstrating that students preparing to submit their thesis reported significantly higher scores of anxious emotion about their thesis than anxious mood. Findings suggested that emotion and mood might be distinguished empirically in line with theoretical predictions when subjective-contextual information used to distinguish between the two states was assessed
Caenorhabditis elegans inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) homologue BIR-1 plays a conserved role in cytokinesis.

BACKGROUND: Inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) suppress apoptotic cell death in several model systems and are highly conserved between insects and mammals. All IAPs contain at least one copy of the approximately 70 amino-acid baculovirus IAP repeat (BIR), and this domain is essential for the anti-apoptotic activity of the IAPs. Both the marked structural diversity of IAPs and the identification of BIR-containing proteins (BIRPs) in yeast, however, have led to the suggestion that BIRPs might play roles in other, as yet unidentified, cellular processes besides apoptosis. Survivin, a human BIRP, is upregulated 40-fold at G2-M phase and binds to mitotic spindles, although its role at the spindle is still unclear. RESULTS: We have identified and characterised two Caenorhabditis elegans BIRPs,BIR-1 and BIR-2; these proteins are the only BIRPs in C. elegans. The bir-1 gene is highly expressed during embryogenesis with detectable expression throughout other stages of development; bir-2 expression is detectable only in adults and embryos. Overexpression of bir-1 was unable to inhibit developmentally occurring cell death in C. elegans and inhibition of bir-1 expression did not increase cell death. Instead, embryos lacking bir-1 were unable to complete cytokinesis and they became multinucleate. This cytokinesis defect could be partially suppressed by transgenic expression of survivin, the mammalian BIRP most structurally related to BIR-1, suggesting a conserved role for BIRPs in the regulation of cytokinesis. CONCLUSIONS: BIR-1, a C. elegans BIRP, is probably not involved in the general regulation of apoptosis but is required for embryonic cytokinesis. We suggest that BIRPs may regulate cytoskeletal changes in diverse biological processes including cytokinesis and apoptosis
Energy deprivation transiently enhances rhythmic inhibitory events in the CA3 hippocampal network in vitro

Oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) leads to rapid suppression of synaptic transmission. Here we describe an emergence of rhythmic activity at 8 to 20 Hz in the CA3 subfield of hippocampal slice cultures occurring for a few minutes prior to the OGD-induced cessation of evoked responses. These oscillations, dominated by inhibitory events, represent network activity, as they were abolished by tetrodotoxin. They were also completely blocked by the GABAergic antagonist picrotoxin, and strongly reduced by the glutamatergic antagonist NBQX. Applying CPP to block NMDA receptors had no effect and neither did UBP302, an antagonist of GluK1-containing kainate receptors. The gap junction blocker mefloquine disrupted rhythmicity. Simultaneous whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from neighboring or distant CA3 pyramidal cells revealed strong cross-correlation of the incoming rhythmic activity. Interneurons in the CA3 area received similar correlated activity. Interestingly, oscillations were much less frequently observed in the CA1 area. These data, together with the observation that the recorded activity consists primarily of inhibitory events, suggest that CA3 interneurons are important for generating these oscillations. This transient increase in inhibitory network activity during OGD may represent a mechanism contributing to the lower vulnerability to ischemic insults of the CA3 area as compared to the CA1 area
Time‐dependent approach to transport and scattering in atomic and mesoscopic physics

Transport and scattering phenomena in open quantum-systems with a continuous energy\ud
spectrum are conveniently solved using the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. In the timedependent\ud
picture, the evolution of an initially localized wave-packet reveals the eigenstates and\ud
eigenvalues of the system under consideration. We discuss applications of the wave-packet method\ud
in atomic, molecular, and mesoscopic systems and point out specific advantages of the timedependent\ud
approach. In connection with the familiar initial value formulation of classical mechanics,\ud
an intuitive interpretation of transport emerges. For interacting many-particle systems, we discuss\ud
the efficient calculation of the self-consistent classical transport in the presence of a magnetic field
Co-firing of biomass with coals. 1. Thermogravimetric kinetic analysis of combustion of fir (abies bornmulleriana) wood

The chemical composition and reactivity of fir (Abies bornmulleriana) wood under non-isothermal thermogravimetric (TG) conditions were studied. Oxidation of\ud
the wood sample at temperatures near 600 C caused the loss of aliphatics from the structure of the wood and created a char heavily containing C–O functionalities and of highly aromatic character. On-line FTIR recordings of the\ud
combustion of wood indicated the oxidation of carbonaceous and hydrogen content of the wood and release of some hydrocarbons due to pyrolysis reactions that occurred during combustion of the wood. TG analysis was used to study combustion of fir wood. Non-isothermal TG data were used to evaluate the kinetics of the combustion of this carbonaceous material. The article reports application of\ud
Ozawa–Flynn–Wall model to deal with non-isothermal TG data for the evaluation of the activation energy corresponding to the combustion of the fir wood. The average activation energy related to fir wood combustion was 128.9 kJ/mol, and the average reaction order for the combustion of wood was calculated as 0.30
SRD5A3 is required for converting polyprenol to dolichol and is mutated in a congenital glycosylation disorder.

N-linked glycosylation is the most frequent modification of secreted and membrane-bound proteins in eukaryotic cells, disruption of which is the basis of the congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs). We describe a new type of CDG caused by mutations in the steroid 5a-reductase type 3 (SRD5A3) gene. Patients have mental retardation and ophthalmologic and cerebellar defects. We found that SRD5A3 is necessary for the reduction of the alpha-isoprene unit of polyprenols to form dolichols, required for synthesis of dolichol-linked monosaccharides, and the oligosaccharide precursor used for N-glycosylation. The presence of residual dolichol in cells depleted for this enzyme suggests the existence of an unexpected alternative pathway for dolichol de novo biosynthesis. Our results thus suggest that SRD5A3 is likely to be the long-sought polyprenol reductase and reveal the genetic basis of one of the earliest steps in protein N-linked glycosylation
Reference-dependent preferences in the public and private sectors: A nonlinear perspective

Although existing studies in the strategic management literature examine the importance of reference points in the
context of managerial decisions vis-à-vis organizational performance, there is surprisingly little evidence on how
reference earnings affect employees' wellbeing and behavior. The present study closes this gap by investigating
adaptation dynamics towards reference earnings in the context of employees’ behavioral responses to social
comparisons. We argue that a wedge between actual and aspiration-level earnings causes discontent that spurs
employees into action to materialize their aspirations. The robustness of such action depends on the size of the wedge in a nonlinear fashion, a hypothesis supported by our findings. Nevertheless, heterogeneity in behavioral responses is evident across the public and private sectors and across gender and educational attainment. Such heterogeneity could be partially attributed to differences in public service motivation among public and private
sector employees, to the different weights that employees place on pecuniary vs. non-pecuniary rewards, and whether reference earnings are likely to trigger behavioral responses through a 'jealousy' or through an 'ambition'
channel. These findings have implications for the design of strategic human resource management policies to establish reward structures encouraging employees to adopt risk attitudes that are consistent with an overall business strategic plan.
Estimating a Monetary Policy Rule for India

We investigate whether the seemingly discretionary and flexible approach of India’s central bank, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), can in practice be described by a Taylor-type rule. We estimate an exchange rate-augmented Taylor rule for India over the period 1980Q1 to 2008Q4, allowing for potential structural shifts between the pre- and post-liberalization periods in order to capture the potential impact of macroeconomic and institutional changes on the RBI's monetary policy rule. Overall, we find that the output gap seems to matter more to the RBI than inflation, there is greater sensitivity to Consumer Price (CPI) inflation that Wholesale Price (WPI) inflation, and  exchange rate changes do not play an important role in constraining monetary policy. Moreover, the post-1998 conduct of monetary policy seems to have changed in the direction of less inertia.
Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence of Eu:La2O3 nanoparticles synthesized by several methods

Abstract : Europium-doped La2O3 nanocrystalline powders with sizes ranging from 4 nm to 300 nm have been obtained by the modified Pechini, hydrothermal with conventional furnace, hydrothermal with microwave furnace, and precipitation with ultrasonic bath methods. X-ray diffraction techniques were used to study the evolution of the prepared gels towards the desired crystalline phase. We determined the size and the morphology of the nanoparticles by electronic microscopy. Finally, we studied and analyzed the luminescence properties of the trivalent europium in the hexagonal La2O3 nanocrystals by photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence
Search for long-lived charginos based on a disappearing-track signature
  in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents a search for direct electroweak gaugino or gluino pair
production with a chargino nearly mass-degenerate with a stable neutralino. It
is based on an integrated luminosity of 36.1 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of $pp$
collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC.
The final state of interest is a disappearing track accompanied by at least one
jet with high transverse momentum from initial-state radiation or by four jets
from the gluino decay chain. The use of short track segments reconstructed from
the innermost tracking layers significantly improves the sensitivity to short
chargino lifetimes. The results are found to be consistent with Standard Model
predictions. Exclusion limits are set at 95% confidence level on the mass of
charginos and gluinos for different chargino lifetimes. For a pure wino with a
lifetime of about 0.2 ns, chargino masses up to 460 GeV are excluded. For the
strong production channel, gluino masses up to 1.65 TeV are excluded assuming a
chargino mass of 460 GeV and lifetime of 0.2 ns.Comment: 46 pages in total, author list starting page 30, 9 figures, 5 tables,
  published version. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2016-06
Planck intermediate results. II. Comparison of Sunyaev-Zeldovich measurements from Planck and from the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager for 11 galaxy clusters

A comparison is presented of Sunyaev-Zeldovich measurements for 11 galaxy clusters as obtained by Planck and by the ground-based interferometer, the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager. Assuming a universal spherically-symmetric Generalised Navarro, Frenk and White (GNFW) model for the cluster gas pressure profile, we jointly constrain the integrated Compton-Y parameter (Y500) and the scale radius (θ500) of each cluster. Our resulting constraints in the Y500 - θ500 2D parameter space derived from the two instruments overlap significantly for eight of the clusters, although, overall, there is a tendency for AMI to find the Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal to be smaller in angular size and fainter than Planck. Significant discrepancies exist for the three remaining clusters in the sample, namely A1413, A1914, and the newly-discovered Planck cluster PLCKESZ G139.59+24.18. The robustness of the analysis of both the Planck and AMI data is demonstrated through the use of detailed simulations, which also discount confusion from residual point (radio) sources and from diffuse astrophysical foregrounds as possible explanations for the discrepancies found. For a subset of our cluster sample, we have investigated the dependence of our results on the assumed pressure profile by repeating the analysis adopting the best-fitting GNFW profile shape which best matches X-ray observations. Adopting the best-fitting profile shape from the X-ray data does not, in general, resolve the discrepancies found in this subset of five clusters. Though based on a small sample, our results suggest that the adopted GNFW model may not be sufficiently flexible to describe clusters universally. © ESO, 2013
Current practices in long-term video-EEG monitoring services : a survey among partners of the E-PILEPSY pilot network of reference for refractory epilepsy and epilepsy surgery

Purpose: The European Union-funded E-PILEPSY network aims to improve awareness of, and accessibility to, epilepsy surgery across Europe. In this study we assessed current clinical practices in epilepsy monitoring units (EMUs) in the participating centers. 
Method: A 60-item web-based survey was distributed to 25 centers (27 EMUs) of the E-PILEPSY network across 22 European countries. The questionnaire was designed to evaluate the characteristics of EMUs, including organizational aspects, admission, and observation of patients, procedures performed, safety issues, cost, and reimbursement. 
Results: Complete responses were received from all (100%) EMUs surveyed. Continuous observation of patients was performed in 22 (81%) EMUs during regular working hours, and in 17 EMUs (63%) outside of regular working hours. Fifteen (56%) EMUs requested a signed informed consent before admission. All EMUs performed tapering/withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs, 14 (52%) prior to admission to an EMU. Specific protocols on antiepileptic drugs (AED) tapering were available in four (15%) EMUs. Standardized Operating Procedures (SOP) for the treatment of seizure clusters and status epilepticus were available in 16 (59%). Safety measures implemented by EMUs were: alarm seizure buttons in 21 (78%), restricted patient's ambulation in 19 (70%), guard rails in 16 (59%), and specially designated bathrooms in 7 (26%). Average costs for one inpatient day in EMU ranged between 100 and 2200 Euros. 
Conclusion: This study shows a considerable diversity in the organization and practice patterns across European epilepsy monitoring units. The collected data may contribute to the development and implementation of evidence-based recommended practices in LTM services across Europe
Measurement of forward $t\overline{t}, W + b\overline{b}$ and $W + c\overline{c}$ production in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV

The production of $t\overline{t}, W + b\overline{b}$ and $W + c\overline{c}$ is studied in the forward region of proton–proton collisions collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV by the LHCb experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.98 \pm 0.02 fb^{−1}$. The Wbosons are reconstructed in the decays $W \to \ellν$, where $\ell$ denotes muon or electron, while the $b$ and $c$ quarks are reconstructed as jets. All measured cross-sections are in agreement with next-to-leading-order Standard Model predictions
Understanding edge connectivity in the internet through core decomposition

The Internet is a complex network composed of several networks: the autonomous systems. Each of them is designed with the aim of transporting information efficiently. This information is carried over routes, which are discovered by routing protocols, such as the border gateway protocol (BGP). The protocols may find possible paths between nodes whenever they exist, or even find paths satisfying specific constraints, e.g., a certain quality of service (QoS). Here, we study connectivity as a network attribute related to both situations; we provide a formal lower bound to it based on core decomposition and low-complexity algorithms to find it. Then we apply these algorithms to analyze maps obtained from the prominent Internet mapping projects, and use the LaNet-vi open-source software for their visualization.Fil: Alvarez Hamelin, Jose Ignacio. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Tecnologías y Ciencias de la Ingeniería; Argentina; ArgentinaFil: Beiro, Mariano Gastón. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Busch, Jorge R.. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ingeniería; Argentin