pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear neutrino-photon interactions inside strong laser pulses

Even though neutrinos are neutral particles and interact only via the
exchange of weak gauge bosons, charged leptons and quarks can mediate a
coupling to the photon field beyond tree level. Inside a relativistically
strong laser field nonlinear effects in the laser amplitude can play an
important role, as electrons and positrons interact nonperturbatively with the
coherent part of the photon field. Here, we calculate for the first time the
leading-order contribution to the axial-vector--vector current-coupling tensor
inside an arbitrary plane-wave laser field (which is taken into account exactly
by employing the Furry picture). The current-coupling tensor appears in the
calculation of various electroweak processes inside strong laser fields like
photon emission or trident electron-positron pair production by a neutrino.
Moreover, as we will see below, the axial-vector--vector current-coupling
tensor contains the Adler-Bell-Jackiw (ABJ) anomaly. This occurrence renders
the current-coupling tensor also interesting from a fundamental point of view,
as it is the simplest Feynman diagram in an external field featuring this kind
of anomaly.Comment: 18 pages, 4 figure
Dark-matter bound states from Feynman diagrams

If dark matter couples directly to a light force mediator, then it may form
bound states in the early universe and in the non-relativistic environment of
haloes today. In this work, we establish a field-theoretic framework for the
computation of bound-state formation cross-sections, de-excitation and decay
rates, in theories with long-range interactions. Using this formalism, we carry
out specific computations for scalar particles interacting either via a light
scalar or vector mediator. At low relative velocities of the interacting
particles, the formation of bound states is enhanced by the Sommerfeld effect.
For particle-antiparticle pairs, we show that bound-state formation can be
faster than annihilation into radiation in the regime where the Sommerfeld
effect is important. The field-theoretic formalism outlined here can be
generalised to compute bound-state formation cross-sections in a variety of
theories, including theories featuring non-Abelian (albeit non-confining)
interactions, such as the electroweak interactions.Comment: 36 pages + appendices + references, 9 figures, 1 table; v2: published
  versio
Towards a complete $A_4 \times SU(5)$ SUSY GUT

We propose a renormalisable model based on $A_4$ family symmetry with an
$SU(5)$ grand unified theory (GUT) which leads to the minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM) with a two right-handed neutrino seesaw mechanism.
Discrete $\mathbb{Z}_9\times \mathbb{Z}_6$ symmetry provides the fermion mass
hierarchy in both the quark and lepton sectors, while $\mathbb{Z}_4^R$ symmetry
is broken to $\mathbb{Z}_2^R$, identified as usual R-parity. Proton decay is
highly suppressed by these symmetries. We discuss both the $A_4$ and $SU(5)$
symmetry breaking sectors, including doublet-triplet splitting, Higgs mixing
and the origin of the $\mu$ term. The model provides an excellent fit (better
than one sigma) to all quark and lepton (including neutrino) masses and mixing
with spontaneous CP violation. With the $A_4$ vacuum alignments, $(0,1,1)$ and
$(1,3,1)$, the model predicts the entire PMNS mixing matrix with no free
parameters, up to a relative phase, selected to be $2\pi/3$ from a choice of
the nine complex roots of unity, providing a direct link between neutrino
oscillations and leptogenesis.Comment: 30 pages, 17 figures, 7 tables; Minor changes, references added,
  version accepted in JHE
Two-loop Yang-Mills diagrams from superstring amplitudes

Starting from the superstring amplitude describing interactions among D-branes with a constant world-volume field strength, we present a detailed analysis of how the open string degeneration limits reproduce the corresponding field theory Feynman diagrams. A key ingredient in the string construction is represented by the twisted (Prym) super differentials, as their periods encode the information about the background field. We provide an efficient method to calculate perturbatively the determinant of the twisted period matrix in terms of sets of super-moduli appropriate to the degeneration limits. Using this result we show that there is a precise one-to-one correspondence between the degeneration of different factors in the superstring amplitudes and one-particle irreducible Feynman diagrams capturing the gauge theory effective action at the two-loop level
Supersymmetric black holes and attractors in gauged supergravity with hypermultiplets

We consider four-dimensional N = 2 supergravity coupled to vector- and hypermultiplets, where abelian isometries of the quaternionic Kähler hypermultiplet scalar manifold are gauged. Using the recipe given by Meessen and Ortín in arXiv:1204.0493, we analytically construct a supersymmetric black hole solution for the case of just one vector multiplet with prepotential ℱ = − i χ 0 χ 1 $$ \mathrm{\mathcal{F}}=-i{\chi}^0{\chi}^1 $$ , and the universal hypermultiplet. This solution has a running dilaton, and it interpolates between AdS 2 × H 2 at the horizon and a hyperscaling-violating type geometry at infinity, conformal to AdS 2 × H 2 . It carries two magnetic charges that are completely fixed in terms of the parameters that appear in the Killing vector used for the gauging
Fully covering the MSSM Higgs sector at the LHC

In the context of the Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM), we reanalyze the search for the heavier CP-even H and CP-odd A neutral Higgs bosons at the LHC in their production in the gluon-fusion mechanism and their decays into gauge and lighter h bosons and into top quark pairs. We show that only when considering these processes, that one can fully cover the entire parameter space of the Higgs sector of the model. Indeed, they are sensitive to the low tan β and high Higgs mass ranges, complementing the traditional searches for high mass resonances decaying into τ -lepton pairs which are instead sensitive to the large and moderate tan β regions. The complementarity of the various channels in the probing of the complete [tan β, M A ] MSSM parameter space at the previous and upcoming phases of the LHC is illustrated in a recently proposed simple and model independent approach for the Higgs sector, the h MSSM, that we also refine in this paper
Diphoton production at hadron colliders: transverse-momentum resummation at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy

We consider the transverse-momentum ( q T ) distribution of a diphoton pair produced in hadron collisions. At small values of q T , we resum the logarithmically-enhanced perturbative QCD contributions up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. At intermediate and large values of q T , we consistently combine resummation with the known next-to-leading order perturbative result. All perturbative terms up to order α S 2 are included in our computation which, after integration over q T , reproduces the known next- to-next-to-leading order result for the diphoton pair production total cross section. We present a comparison with LHC data and an estimate of the perturbative accuracy of the theoretical calculation by performing the corresponding variation of scales. In general we observe that the effect of the resummation is not only to recover the predictivity of the calculation at small transverse momentum, but also to improve substantially the agreement with the experimental data
Correlation functions of the chiral stress-tensor multiplet in N=4 SYM.

We give a new method for computing the correlation functions of the chiral part of the stress-tensor supermultiplet that relies on the reformulation of N=4  SYM in twistor space. It yields the correlation functions in the Born approximation as a sum of Feynman diagrams on twistor space that involve only propagators and no integration vertices. We use this unusual feature of the twistor Feynman rules to compute the correlation functions in terms of simple building blocks which we identify as a new class of N=4  off-shell superconformal invariants. Making use of the duality between correlation functions and planar scattering amplitudes, we demonstrate that these invariants represent an off-shell generalisation of the on-shell invariants defining tree-level scattering amplitudes in N=4  SYM
Dual Field Theories of Quantum Computation

Given two quantum states of N q-bits we are interested to find the shortest
quantum circuit consisting of only one- and two- q-bit gates that would
transfer one state into another. We call it the quantum maze problem for the
reasons described in the paper. We argue that in a large N limit the quantum
maze problem is equivalent to the problem of finding a semiclassical trajectory
of some lattice field theory (the dual theory) on an N+1 dimensional space-time
with geometrically flat, but topologically compact spatial slices. The spatial
fundamental domain is an N dimensional hyper-rhombohedron, and the temporal
direction describes transitions from an arbitrary initial state to an arbitrary
target state. We first consider a complex Klein-Gordon field theory and argue
that it can only be used to study the shortest quantum circuits which do not
involve generators composed of tensor products of multiple Pauli Z matrices.
Since such situation is not generic we call it the Z-problem. On the dual field
theory side the Z-problem corresponds to massless excitations of the phase
(Goldstone modes) that we attempt to fix using Higgs mechanism. The simplest
dual theory which does not suffer from the massless excitation (or from the
Z-problem) is the Abelian-Higgs model which we argue can be used for finding
the shortest quantum circuits. Since every trajectory of the field theory is
mapped directly to a quantum circuit, the shortest quantum circuits are
identified with semiclassical trajectories. We also discuss the complexity of
an actual algorithm that uses a dual theory prospective for solving the quantum
maze problem and compare it with a geometric approach. We argue that it might
be possible to solve the problem in sub-exponential time in 2^N, but for that
we must consider the Klein-Gordon theory on curved spatial geometry and/or more
complicated (than N-torus) topology.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figur
Stringy origin of 4d black hole microstates

We derive a precise dictionary between micro-state geometries and open string
condensates for a large class of excitations of four dimensional BPS black
holes realised in terms of D3-branes intersecting on a six-torus. The complete
multipole expansion of the supergravity solutions at weak coupling is extracted
from string amplitudes involving one massless closed string and multiple open
strings insertions on disks with mixed boundary conditions.Comment: 23 pages plus appendices, added references and related comment
Does zero temperature decide on the nature of the electroweak phase
  transition?

Taking on a new perspective of the electroweak phase transition, we
investigate in detail the role played by the depth of the electroweak minimum
("vacuum energy difference"). We find a strong correlation between the vacuum
energy difference and the strength of the phase transition. This correlation
only breaks down if a negative eigenvalue develops upon thermal corrections in
the squared scalar mass matrix in the broken vacuum before the critical
temperature. As a result the scalar fields slide across field space toward the
symmetric vacuum, often causing a significantly weakened phase transition.
Phenomenological constraints are found to strongly disfavour such sliding
scalar scenarios. For several popular models, we suggest numerical bounds that
guarantee a strong first order electroweak phase transition. The zero
temperature phenomenology can then be studied in these parameter regions
without the need for any finite temperature calculations. For almost all
non-supersymmetric models with phenomenologically viable parameter points, we
find a strong phase transition is guaranteed if the vacuum energy difference is
greater than $-8.8\times 10^7$~\text{GeV}$^4$. For the GNMSSM, we guarantee a
strong phase transition for phenomenologically viable parameter points if the
vacuum energy difference is greater than $-6.9\times 10^7$~\text{GeV}$^4$.
Alternatively, we capture more of the parameter space exhibiting a strong phase
transition if we impose a simultaneous bound on the vacuum energy difference
and the singlet mass.Comment: Published versio
Long-range contributions to double beta decay revisited

We discuss the systematic decomposition of all dimension-7 (d=7) lepton
number violating operators. These d=7 operators produce momentum enhanced
contributions to the long-range part of the neutrinoless double beta decay
amplitude and thus are severely constrained by existing half-live limits. In
our list of possible models one can find contributions to the long-range
amplitude discussed previously in the literature, such as the left-right
symmetric model or scalar leptoquarks, as well as some new models not
considered before. The d=7 operators generate Majorana neutrino mass terms
either at tree-level, 1-loop or 2-loop level. We systematically compare
constraints derived from the mass mechanism to those derived from the
long-range double beta decay amplitude and classify our list of models
accordingly. We also study one particular example decomposition, which produces
neutrino masses at 2-loop level, can fit oscillation data and yields a large
contribution to the long-range double beta decay amplitude, in some detail.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figure
An Anderson-like model of the QCD chiral transition

We study the problems of chiral symmetry breaking and eigenmode localisation
in finite-temperature QCD by looking at the lattice Dirac operator as a random
Hamiltonian. We recast the staggered Dirac operator into an unconventional
three-dimensional Anderson Hamiltonian ("Dirac-Anderson Hamiltonian") carrying
internal degrees of freedom, with disorder provided by the fluctuations of the
gauge links. In this framework, we identify the features relevant to chiral
symmetry restoration and localisation of the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes in the
ordering of the local Polyakov lines, and in the related correlation between
spatial links across time slices, thus tying the two phenomena to the
deconfinement transition. We then build a toy model based on QCD and on the
Dirac-Anderson approach, replacing the Polyakov lines with spin variables and
simplifying the dynamics of the spatial gauge links, but preserving the
above-mentioned relevant dynamical features. Our toy model successfully
reproduces the main features of the QCD spectrum and of the Dirac eigenmodes
concerning chiral symmetry breaking and localisation, both in the ordered
(deconfined) and disordered (confined) phases. Moreover, it allows us to study
separately the roles played in the two phenomena by the diagonal and the
off-diagonal terms of the Dirac-Anderson Hamiltonian. Our results support our
expectation that chiral symmetry restoration and localisation of the low modes
are closely related, and that both are triggered by the deconfinement
transition.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figures; a few comments added, typos corrected; matches
  published versio
On the cusp anomalous dimension in the ladder limit of $\mathcal N=4$
  SYM

We analyze the cusp anomalous dimension in the (leading) ladder limit of
$\mathcal N=4$ SYM and present new results for its higher-order perturbative
expansion. We study two different limits with respect to the cusp angle $\phi$.
The first is the light-like regime where $x = e^{i\,\phi}\to 0$. This limit is
characterised by a non-trivial expansion of the cusp anomaly as a sum of powers
of $\log x$, where the maximum exponent increases with the loop order. The
coefficients of this expansion have remarkable transcendentality features and
can be expressed by products of single zeta values. We show that the whole
logarithmic expansion is fully captured by a solvable Woods-Saxon like
one-dimensional potential. From the exact solution, we extract generating
functions for the cusp anomaly as well as for the various specific
transcendental structures appearing therein. The second limit that we discuss
is the regime of small cusp angle. In this somewhat simpler case, we show how
to organise the quantum mechanical perturbation theory in a novel efficient way
by means of a suitable all-order Ansatz for the ground state of the associated
Schr\"odinger problem. Our perturbative setup allows to systematically derive
higher-order perturbative corrections in powers of the cusp angle as explicit
non-perturbative functions of the effective coupling. This series approximation
is compared with the numerical solution of the Schr\"odinger equation to show
that we can achieve very good accuracy over the whole range of coupling and
cusp angle. Our results have been obtained by relatively simple techniques.
Nevertheless, they provide several non-trivial tests useful to check the
application of Quantum Spectral Curve methods to the ladder approximation at
non zero $\phi$, in the two limits we studied.Comment: 21 pages, 3 figure
Manifestly diffeomorphism invariant classical Exact Renormalization
  Group

We construct a manifestly diffeomorphism invariant Wilsonian (Exact)
Renormalization Group for classical gravity, and begin the construction for
quantum gravity. We demonstrate that the effective action can be computed
without gauge fixing the diffeomorphism invariance, and also without
introducing a background space-time. We compute classical contributions both
within a background-independent framework and by perturbing around a fixed
background, and verify that the results are equivalent. We derive the exact
Ward identities for actions and kernels and verify consistency. We formulate
two forms of the flow equation corresponding to the two choices of classical
fixed-point: the Gaussian fixed point, and the scale invariant interacting
fixed point using curvature-squared terms. We suggest how this programme may
completed to a fully quantum construction.Comment: 50 pages, 2 figures, minor typos fixed, minor additions to the
  Discussion, one reference adde
Feynman Rules of Higher-order Poles in CHY Construction

In this paper, we generalize the integration rules for scattering equations
to situations where higher-order poles are present. We describe the strategy to
deduce the Feynman rules of higher-order poles from known analytic results of
simple CHY-integrands, and propose the Feynman rules for single double pole and
triple pole as well as duplex-double pole and triplex-double pole structures.
We demonstrate the validation and strength of these rules by ample non-trivial
examples.Comment: 52 pages, 37 figure
Warped AdS_3 Black Holes in Higher Derivative Gravity Theories

We consider warped AdS_3 black holes in generic higher derivatives gravity
theories in 2+1 dimensions. The asymptotic symmetry group of the phase space
containing these black holes is the semi-direct product of a centrally extended
Virasoro algebra and an affine u(1) Kac-Moody algebra. Previous works have
shown that in some specific theories, the entropy of these black holes agrees
with a Cardy-like entropy formula derived for warped conformal field theories.
In this paper, we show that this entropy matching continues to hold for the
most general higher derivative theories of gravity. We also discuss the
existence of phase transitions.Comment: 35 pages, 1 figure, added reference
Chilly Dark Sectors and Asymmetric Reheating

In a broad class of theories, the relic abundance of dark matter is
determined by interactions internal to a thermalized dark sector, with no
direct involvement of the Standard Model (SM). We point out that these theories
raise an immediate cosmological question: how was the dark sector initially
populated in the early universe? Motivated in part by the difficulty of
accommodating large amounts of entropy carried in dark radiation with cosmic
microwave background measurements of the effective number of relativistic
species at recombination, $N_{\mathrm{eff}}$, we aim to establish which
admissible cosmological histories can populate a thermal dark sector that never
reaches thermal equilibrium with the SM. The minimal cosmological origin for
such a dark sector is asymmetric reheating, when the same mechanism that
populates the SM in the early universe also populates the dark sector at a
lower temperature. Here we demonstrate that the resulting inevitable
inflaton-mediated scattering between the dark sector and the SM can wash out a
would-be temperature asymmetry, and establish the regions of parameter space
where temperature asymmetries can be generated in minimal reheating scenarios.
Thus obtaining a temperature asymmetry of a given size either restricts
possible inflaton masses and couplings or necessitates a non-minimal cosmology
for one or both sectors. As a side benefit, we develop techniques for
evaluating collision terms in the relativistic Boltzmann equation when the full
dependence on Bose-Einstein or Fermi-Dirac phase space distributions must be
retained, and present several new results on relativistic thermal averages in
an appendix.Comment: 22 pages + 3 appendices, 14 figures; v2: references added, version to
  appear in JHE
The Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism of the spinning particle

We show that the axiom of Felder and Kazhdan on the vanishing of the
cohomology groups in negative degree associated to solutions of the classical
master equation in the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism is violated by the spinning
particle in a flat background coupled to D=1 supergravity. In this model, there
are nontrivial cohomology groups in all negative degrees, regardless of the
dimension of the spacetime in which the spinning particle is propagating.Comment: 17 pages In v2, we correct an error in the calculation of cohomology
  in degree -1, extend our calculation to positive degrees, and construct the
  transgression classes by a uniform method. In v3, we calculate the Lie
  bracket on the BV cohomology, and make a number of further corrections,
  especially to the definition of the filtration used in the spectral sequence
  used to prove the main theore
Production of Heavy neutrino in next-to-leading order QCD at the LHC and
  beyond

Majorana and pseudo-Dirac heavy neutrinos are introduced into the type-I and
inverse seesaw models, respectively, in explaining the naturally small neutrino
mass. TeV scale heavy neutrinos can also be accommodated to have a sizable
mixing with the Standard Model light neutrinos, through which they can be
produced and detected at the high energy colliders. In this paper we consider
the Next-to-Leading Order QCD corrections to the heavy neutrino production, and
study the scale variation in cross-sections as well as the kinematic
distributions with different final states at $14$ TeV LHC and also in the
context of $100$ TeV hadron collider. The repertoire of the Majorana neutrino
is realized through the characteristic signature of the same-sign dilepton
pair, whereas, due to a small lepton number violation, the pseudo-Dirac heavy
neutrino can manifest the trileptons associated with missing energy in the
final state. Using the $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV, $20.3$ fb$^{-1}$ and $19.7$ fb$^{-1}$
data at the ATLAS and CMS respectively, we obtain prospective scale dependent
upper bounds of the light-heavy neutrino mixing angles for the Majorana heavy
neutrinos at the $14$ TeV LHC and $100$ TeV collider. Further exploiting a
recent study on the anomalous multilepton search by CMS at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV
with $19.5$ fb$^{-1}$ data, we also obtain the prospective scale dependent
upper bounds on the mixing angles for the pseudo-Dirac neutrinos. We thus
project a scale dependent prospective reach using the NLO processes at the $14$
TeV LHC.Comment: 28 pages. Matched journal versio