pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Shape, transverse size, and charged-hadron multiplicity of jets in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Journal of High Energy Physics 2012.6 (2012): 160 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMMeasurements of jet characteristics from inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV are presented. The data sample was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC during 2010 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb -1. The mean charged-hadron multiplicity, the differential and integral jet shape distributions, and two independent moments of the shape distributions are measured as functions of the jet transverse momentum for jets reconstructed with the anti-κT algorithm. The measured observables are corrected to the particle level and compared with predictions from various QCD Monte Carlo generator
Measurement of the WW cross section in √s=7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector and limits on anomalous gauge couplings

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThis Letter reports a measurement of the WW production cross section in √ s = 7 TeV pp collisions using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.02 fb−1 collected with the ATLAS detector. Using leptonic decays of oppositely charged W bosons, the total measured cross section is σ(pp → WW) = 54.4 ± 4.0 (stat.) ± 3.9 (syst.) ± 2.0 (lumi.) pb, consistent with the Standard Model prediction of σ(pp→WW) = 44.4±2.8 pb. Limits on anomalous electroweak triple-gauge couplings are extracted from a fit to the transverse-momentum distribution of the leading charged lepton in the eventWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of Americ
Search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons in 7 TeV proton-proton collision data with the ATLAS detector

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA search for events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least two tau leptons has been performed using 2 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at √s = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed and a 95% CL upper limit on the visible cross section for new phenomena is set, where the visible cross section is defined by the product of cross section, branching fraction, detector acceptance and event selection efficiency. A 95% CL lower limit of 32 TeV is set on the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking (GMSB) scale Λ independent of tan β. These limits provide the most stringent tests to date in a large part of the considered parameter spaceWe acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of Americ
Measurement of the inclusive isolated prompt photon cross-section in pp collisions at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV using 35 pb-1 of ATLAS data

A measurement of the differential cross-section for the inclusive production of isolated prompt photons in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is presented. The measurement covers the pseudorapidity ranges vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.37 and 1.52 <= vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.37 in the transverse energy range 45 <= E(T) < 400 GeV. The results are based on an integrated luminosity of 35 pb(-1), collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The yields of the signal photons are measured using a data-driven technique, based on the observed distribution of the hadronic energy in a narrow cone around the photon candidate and the photon selection criteria. The results are compared with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculations and found to be in good agreement over four orders of magnitude in cross-section
Measurement of the transverse momentum distribution of Z/γ* bosons in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A measurement of the Z/gamma* transverse momentum (p(T)(Z)) distribution in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is presented using Z/gamma* -> e(+)e(-) and Z/gamma* -> mu(+)mu(-) decays collected with the ATLAS detector in data sets with integrated luminosities of 35 pb(-1) and 40 pb(-1), respectively. The normalized differential cross sections are measured separately for electron and muon decay channels as well as for their combination up to pi of 350 GeV for invariant dilepton masses 66 GeV < m(ll) < 116 GeV. The measurement is compared to predictions of perturbative QCD and various event generators. The prediction of resummed QCD combined with fixed order perturbative QCD is found to be in good agreement with the data
Non-decoupling of heavy neutrinos and lepton flavor violation

We consider a class of models predicting new heavy neutral fermionic states, whose mixing with the light neutrinos can be naturally significant and produce observable effects below the threshold for their production. We update the indirect limits on the flavour non-diagonal mixing parameters that can be derived from unitarity, and show that significant rates are in general expected for one-loop-induced rare processes due to the exchange of virtual heavy neutrinos, involving the violation of the muon and electron lepton numbers. In particular, the amplitudes for μ--e conversion in nuclei and for μ→ee+e− show a non-decoupling quadratic dependence on the heavy neutrino mass M, while μ→eγ is almost independent of the heavy scale above the electroweak scale. These three processes are then used to set stringent constraints on the flavour-violating mixing angles. In all the cases considered, we point out explicitly that the non-decoupling behaviour is strictly related to the spontaneous breaking of the SU(2) symmetry
Chiral N Î²-Fmoc-amino alkyl isonitriles in Ugi-4CR: An assembly of novel 1,1â²-iminodicarboxylated peptidomimetics

Enantiopure N Î²-Fmoc-amino alkyl isonitriles and amino acid esters have been employed as building blocks in Ugi four-component reaction (U-4CR) to yield 1,1â²-iminodicarboxylated peptidomimetics. By employing trifluoroacetic acid as one of the components, a different outcome has been observed and rationalized. Ugi products are obtained as trifluoroacetamide adducts, which on further reaction under mild acidic conditions lead to the title compounds. The method has also been proven to be useful for the preparation of ethyl, benzyl and tert-butyl esters. Â© 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Measurement of the ratio of branching fractions and difference in $CP$
  asymmetries of the decays $B^+\to J/\psi\pi^+$ and $B^+\to J/\psi K^+$

The ratio of branching fractions and the difference in $CP$ asymmetries of
the decays $B^+\to J/\psi \pi^+$ and $B^+\to J/\psi K^+$ are measured using a
data sample of $pp$ collisions collected by the LHCb experiment, corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of $3~{{\,\mbox{fb}^{-1}}}$ at centre-of-mass
energies of 7 and $8~\mathrm{\,Te\kern -0.1em V}$. The results are
\begin{equation*} {\mathcal{B}(B^+\to J/\psi \pi^+)\over\mathcal{B}(B^+\to
J/\psi K^+)}=(3.83\pm0.03\pm0.03)\times10^{-2}\,, \end{equation*}
\begin{equation*} \mathcal{A}^{CP}(B^+\to J/\psi \pi^+)-\mathcal{A}^{CP}(B^+\to
J/\psi K^+)=(1.82\pm0.86\pm0.14)\times10^{-2}, \end{equation*} where the first
uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. Combining this
result with a recent LHCb measurement of $\mathcal{A}^{CP}(B^+\to J/\psi K^+)$
provides the most precise estimate to date of $CP$ violation in the decay
$B^+\to J/\psi \pi^+$, \begin{equation*} \mathcal{A}^{CP}(B^+\to J/\psi \pi^+)
=(1.91\pm0.89\pm0.16)\times10^{-2}. \end{equation*}Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures. All figures and tables, along with any
  supplementary material and additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2016-051.htm
Untreated hypertension in the UK household population - Who are missed by the general health checks?

© 2015 The Authors. Hypertension is an age-related, long-term condition and a leading risk factor for premature death and disability worldwide. Due to its asymptomatic nature it can often be left undiagnosed. Long-term treatment is available, but blood pressure can also be reduced through health behaviour changes in weight control, smoking cessation, higher physical activity levels, reduced salt and alcohol intake, and healthful diets if discovered early. This paper investigates the prevalence and characteristics of those with untreated (compared to treated) hypertension who did not have a history of cardiovascular disease (CVD); a group who is in effect missed by general health checks. Untreated hypertension was studied in 8933 individuals aged 40-74 years representative of the UK household population, who were interviewed and underwent a physical health examination in their home, 2010-2012. The prevalence of untreated hypertension without a history of CVD was 7% for men, 2% for women, and 5% overall. Untreated hypertension was particularly high among the 55-64 year age group.Age and sex-adjusted analyses found strong positive associations with male gender, smoking, self-reported good-excellent health, full fat dairy preference, white bread preference, higher alcohol consumption, and living alone. Strong negative associations were found for possessing 5. + prescription drugs, statins or antiplatelets, being diagnosed with diabetes or possessing antidiabetics, and long-term limiting illness status.Notably, many reported their health as good to excellent. A fact which emphasises the importance of motivating individuals to take part in the general health checks for an asymptomatic condition such as hypertension
Evidence to inform education, training and supportive work environments for midwives involved in the care of women with female genital mutilation: A review of global experience

Objective to identify how midwives in low and middle income countries (LMIC) and high income countries (HIC) care for women with female genital mutilation (FGM), their perceived challenges and what professional development and workplace strategies might better support midwives to provide appropriate quality care. Design an integrative review involving a narrative synthesis of the literature was undertaken to include peer reviewed research literature published between 2004 and 2014. Findings 10 papers were included in the review, two from LMIC and eight from HIC. A lack of technical knowledge and limited cultural competency was identified, as well as socio-cultural challenges in the abandonment process of the practice, particularly in LMIC settings. Training in the area of FGM was limited. One study reported the outcomes of an education initiative that was found to be beneficial. Key conclusions professional education and training, a working environment supported by guidelines and responsive policy and community education, are necessary to enable midwives to improve the care of women with FGM and advocate against the practice. Implications for practice improved opportunities for midwives to learn about FGM and receive advice and support, alongside opportunities for collaborative practice in contexts that enable the effective reporting of FGM to authorities, may be beneficial and require further investigation
Fischer decomposition for osp(4|2)-monogenics in quaternionic Clifford analysis

Spaces of spinor-valued homogeneous polynomials, and in particular spaces of spinor-valued spherical harmonics, are decomposed in terms of irreducible representations of the symplectic group Sp(p). These Fischer decompositions involve spaces of homogeneous, so-called osp(4|2)-monogenic polynomials, the Lie super algebra osp(4|2) being the Howe dual partner to the symplectic group Sp(p). In order to obtain Sp(p)-irreducibility this new concept of osp(4|2)-monogenicity has to be introduced as a renement of quaternionic monogenicity; it is defined by means of the four quaternionic Dirac operators, a scalar Euler operator E underlying the notion of symplectic harmonicity and a multiplicative Clifford algebra operator P underlying the decomposition of spinor space into symplectic cells. These operators E and P, and their hermitian conjugates, arise naturally when constructing the Howe dual pair
osp(4|2) x Sp(p), the action of which will make the Fischer decomposition multiplicity free
Massive stars formed in atomic hydrogen reservoirs: H I observations of gamma-ray burst host galaxies

Long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), among the most energetic events in the Universe, are explosions of massive and short-lived stars, so they pinpoint locations of recent star formation. However, several GRB host galaxies have recently been found to be deficient in molecular gas (H2), believed to be the fuel of star formation. Moreover, optical spectroscopy of GRB afterglows implies that the molecular phase constitutes only a small fraction of the gas along the GRB line of sight. Here we report the first ever 21 cm line observations of GRB host galaxies, using the AustraliaTelescope Compact Array, implying high levels of atomic hydrogen (H i), which suggests that the connection between atomic gas and star formation is stronger than previously thought. In this case, it is possible that star formation is directly fuelled by atomic gas (or that the H i-to-H2 conversion is very efficient, which rapidly exhaust molecular gas), as has been theoretically shown to be possible. This can happen in low-metallicity gas near the onset of star formation because cooling of gas (necessary for star formation) is faster than the H i-to-H2 conversion. Indeed, large atomic gas reservoirs, together with low molecular gas masses, stellar, and dust masses are consistent with GRB hosts being preferentially galaxies which have very recently started a star formation episode after accreting metal-poor gas from the intergalactic medium. This provides a natural route for forming GRBs in low-metallicity environments. The gas inflow scenario is also consistent with the existence of the companion H I object with no optical counterpart ~19 kpc from the GRB 060505 host, and with the fact that the H I centroids of the GRB 980425 and 060505 hosts do not coincide with optical centres of these galaxies, but are located close to the GRB positions.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Imaging biomarker roadmap for cancer studies.

Imaging biomarkers (IBs) are integral to the routine management of patients with cancer. IBs used daily in oncology include clinical TNM stage, objective response and left ventricular ejection fraction. Other CT, MRI, PET and ultrasonography biomarkers are used extensively in cancer research and drug development. New IBs need to be established either as useful tools for testing research hypotheses in clinical trials and research studies, or as clinical decision-making tools for use in healthcare, by crossing 'translational gaps' through validation and qualification. Important differences exist between IBs and biospecimen-derived biomarkers and, therefore, the development of IBs requires a tailored 'roadmap'. Recognizing this need, Cancer Research UK (CRUK) and the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) assembled experts to review, debate and summarize the challenges of IB validation and qualification. This consensus group has produced 14 key recommendations for accelerating the clinical translation of IBs, which highlight the role of parallel (rather than sequential) tracks of technical (assay) validation, biological/clinical validation and assessment of cost-effectiveness; the need for IB standardization and accreditation systems; the need to continually revisit IB precision; an alternative framework for biological/clinical validation of IBs; and the essential requirements for multicentre studies to qualify IBs for clinical use.Development of this roadmap received support from Cancer Research UK and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (grant references A/15267, A/16463, A/16464, A/16465, A/16466 and A/18097), the EORTC Cancer Research Fund, and the Innovative Medicines Initiative Joint Undertaking (grant agreement number 115151), resources of which are composed of financial contribution from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) and European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA) companies' in kind contribution.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Phase behaviour and non-monotonic film drying kinetics of aluminium chlorohydrate-glycerol-water ternary solutions

We study the drying and film formation of a model ternary system comprising an inorganic salt (aluminium chlorohydrate, ACH), a humectant (glycerol) and water. Employing viscometric, X-ray diffraction, calorimetric, dynamic vapour sorption, spectroscopic, gravimetric and adhesion measurements, we examine the roles of humectant concentration, temperature and relative humidity (RH) in the phase behaviour and kinetics of film formation. Equilibrium film compositions are found to be non-monotonic with glycerol content. Around 15:4 ACH:glycerol mass ratio, films exhibit enhanced, albeit slower, desiccation, with water content lower than that of binary ACH–water solutions. At higher glycerol content, drying is faster, yet the resulting films have higher water content and remain tackier. Water adsorption/desorption is shown to be fully reversible, and share a similar non-monotonic kinetic dependence on glycerol composition. These findings are rationalised in terms of the competitive binding of water and glycerol to ACH, the overall miscibility and glass formation within the ternary system. Our study is relevant to a range of salt formulations, employed in a variety of commercial applications, including lyoprotectants and personal care products
High compliance with dietary recommendations in a cohort of meat eaters, fish eaters, vegetarians, and vegans: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Oxford study

The aim of this study was to investigate differences in dietary intakes between 30251 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Oxford study, comprising 18 244 meat eaters, 4 531 fish eaters, 6 673 vegetarians, and 803 vegans aged 30 to 90 years who completed semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires. We hypothesized that these groups characterized by varying degrees of animal product exclusion have significantly different intakes of many nutrients, with possible implications for dietary adequacy and compliance with population dietary goals. Nutrient intakes were estimated including fortification in foods, but excluding dietary supplements. Dietary supplementation practices were also evaluated. Highly significant differences were found in estimated nutrient intakes between meat eaters and vegans, with fish eaters and vegetarians usually having intermediate values. Meat eaters had the highest energy intakes, followed by fish eaters and vegetarians, whereas vegans had the lowest intakes. Vegans had the highest intakes of polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber, vitamins C and E, folate, magnesium, iron, and copper. Meat eaters had the highest intake of saturated fatty acids, protein, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, vitamin D, zinc, and iodine. Fish eaters had the highest intakes of calcium and selenium. There were no statistically significant differences in sodium and potassium intakes between dietary groups. With the exception of sodium intake, compliance with population dietary goals was high across diet groups. The results suggested a high prevalence of inadequacy for dietary vitamin B12 and iodine in vegans. The diet groups under study showed striking differences in dietary intakes, with possible implications for compliance with dietary recommendations, as well as cardiometabolic diseases risk
Microplastics alter the properties and sinking rates of zooplankton faecal pellets.

This is the final version of the article. Available from the publisher via the DOI in this record.Plastic debris is a widespread contaminant, prevalent in aquatic ecosystems across the globe. Zooplankton readily ingest microscopic plastic (microplastic, < 1 mm), which are later egested within their faecal pellets. These pellets are a source of food for marine organisms, and contribute to the oceanic vertical flux of particulate organic matter as part of the biological pump. The effects of microplastics on faecal pellet properties are currently unknown. Here we test the hypotheses that (1) faecal pellets are a vector for transport of microplastics, (2) polystyrene microplastics can alter the properties and sinking rates of zooplankton egests and, (3) faecal pellets can facilitate the transfer of plastics to coprophagous biota. Following exposure to 20.6 μm polystyrene microplastics (1000 microplastics mL(-1)) and natural prey (∼1650 algae mL(-1)) the copepod Calanus helgolandicus egested faecal pellets with significantly (P < 0.001) reduced densities, a 2.25-fold reduction in sinking rates, and a higher propensity for fragmentation. We further show that microplastics, encapsulated within egests of the copepod Centropages typicus, could be transferred to C. helgolandicus via coprophagy. Our results support the proposal that sinking faecal matter represents a mechanism by which floating plastics can be vertically transported away from surface waters.This work was funded by a NERC standard grant (NE/
L007010)