pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Gröbner basis of the ideal of vanishing polynomials

AbstractWe construct an explicit minimal strong Gröbner basis of the ideal of vanishing polynomials in the polynomial ring over Z/m for m≥2. The proof is done in a purely combinatorial way. It is a remarkable fact that the constructed Gröbner basis is independent of the monomial order and that the set of leading terms of the constructed Gröbner basis is unique, up to multiplication by units. We also present a fast algorithm to compute reduced normal forms, and furthermore, we give a recursive algorithm for building a Gröbner basis in Z/m[x1,x2,…,xn] along the prime factorization of m. The obtained results are not only of mathematical interest but have immediate applications in formal verification of data paths for microelectronic systems-on-chip
Population genomics meet Lagrangian simulations: Oceanographic patterns and long larval duration ensure connectivity among Paracentrotus lividus populations in the Adriatic and Ionian seas

Connectivity between populations influences both their dynamics and the genetic structuring of species. In this study, we explored connectivity patterns of a marine species with long-distance dispersal, the edible common sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus, focusing mainly on the Adriatic-Ionian basins (Central Mediterranean). We applied a multidisciplinary approach integrating population genomics, based on 1,122 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) obtained from 2b-RAD in 275 samples, with Lagrangian simulations performed with a biophysical model of larval dispersal. We detected genetic homogeneity among eight population samples collected in the focal Adriatic-Ionian area, whereas weak but significant differentiation was found with respect to two samples from the Western Mediterranean (France and Tunisia). This result was not affected by the few putative outlier loci identified in our dataset. Lagrangian simulations found a significant potential for larval exchange among the eight Adriatic-Ionian locations, supporting the hypothesis of connectivity of P. lividus populations in this area. A peculiar pattern emerged from the comparison of our results with those obtained from published P. lividus cytochrome b (cytb) sequences, the latter revealing genetic differentiation in the same geographic area despite a smaller sample size and a lower power to detect differences. The comparison with studies conducted using nuclear markers on other species with similar pelagic larval durations in the same Adriatic-Ionian locations indicates species-specific differences in genetic connectivity patterns and warns against generalizing single-species results to the entire community of rocky shore habitats
Environmental consequences of oil production from oil sands

Crude oil from oil sands will constitute a substantial share of future global oil demand. Oil sands deposits account for a third of globally proven oil reserves, underlie large natural forested areas, and have extraction methods requiring large volumes of freshwater. Yet little work has been done to quantify some of the main environmental impacts of oil sands operations. Here we examine forest loss and water use for the world's major oil sands deposits. We calculate actual and potential rates of water use and forest loss both in Canadian deposits, where oil sands extraction is already taking place, and in other major deposits worldwide. We estimated that their exploitation, given projected production trends, could result in 1.31 km3 yr−1 of freshwater demand and 8700 km2 of forest loss. The expected escalation in oil sands extraction thus portends extensive environmental impacts
Search for top quark partners with charge 5/3 in proton-proton
  collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search for the production of heavy partners of the top quark with charge
5/3 (X[5/3]) decaying into a top quark and a W boson is performed with a data
sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns,
collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with
the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Final states with either a pair of same-sign
leptons or a single lepton, along with jets, are considered. No significant
excess is observed in the data above the expected standard model background
contribution and an X[5/3] quark with right-handed (left-handed) couplings is
excluded at 95% confidence level for masses below 1020 (990) GeV. These are the
first limits based on a combination of the same-sign dilepton and the
single-lepton final states, as well as the most stringent limits on the X[5/3]
mass to date.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-15-00
Search for top quark decays $t \rightarrow qH$, with $H\to\gamma\gamma$,
  in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV $pp$ collisions using the ATLAS detector

This article presents a search for flavour-changing neutral currents in the
decay of a top quark into an up-type ($q = c, u$) quark and a Higgs boson,
where the Higgs boson decays into two photons. The proton--proton collision
data set analysed amounts to 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV collected by
the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Top quark pair events are searched for, where
one top quark decays into $qH$ and the other decays into $bW$. Both the
hadronic and leptonic decay modes of the $W$ boson are used. No significant
excess is observed and an upper limit is set on the $t \rightarrow cH$
branching ratio of $2.2\times 10^{-3}$ at the 95% confidence level, while the
expected limit in the absence of signal is $1.6 \times 10^{-3}$. The
corresponding limit on the $tcH$ coupling is 0.090 at the 95% confidence level.
The observed upper limit on the $t \rightarrow uH$ branching ratio is $2.4
\times 10^{-3}$.Comment: 41 pages in total, author list starting page 25, 7 figures, 3 tables,
  submitted to JHEP. All figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2016-26
Non-Markovian Quantum Feedback Networks II : Controlled Flows

The concept of a controlled flow of a dynamical system, especially when the controlling process feeds information back about the system, is of central importance in control engineering. In this paper we build on the ideas presented by Bouten and van Handel (L. Bouten, R. van Handel, "On the separation principle of quantum control", Quantum Stochastics and Information: Statistics, Filtering and Control}, World Scientific, 2008) and develop a general theory of quantum feedback. We elucidate the relationship between the controlling processes and the measured process, and to this end make a distinction between what we call the input picture and the output picture. We should that the input-output relations for the noise fields have additional terms not present in the standard theory, but that the relationship between the control processes and measured processes themselves are internally consistent - we do this for the two main cases of quadrature measurement and photon-counting measurement. The theory is general enough to include a modulating filter which processes the measurement readout $Y$ before returning to the system. This opens up the prospect of applying very general engineering feedback control techniques to open quantum systems in a systematic manner, and we consider a number of specific modulating filter problems. Finally, we give a brief argument as to why most of the rules for making instantaneous feedback connections (J. Gough, M.R. James, "Quantum Feedback Networks: Hamiltonian Formulation", Commun. Math. Phys. 287, 1109, 2009) ought to apply for controlled dynamical networks as well.authorsversionPeer reviewe
Atomic data from the Iron project LXIV: Radiative transition rates and collision strengths for Ca II

Aims.This work reports radiative transition rates and electron impact excitation rate coefficients for levels of the n = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 configurations of . Methods.The radiative data were computed using the Thomas-Fermi-Dirac central potential method in the frozen core approximation and includes the polarization interaction between the valence electron and the core using a model potential. This method allows for configuration interactions (CI) and relativistic effects in the Breit-Pauli formalism. Collision strengths in LS-coupling were calculated in the close coupling approximation with the R-matrix method. Then, fine structure collision strengths were obtained by means of the intermediate-coupling frame transformation (ICFT) method which accounts for spin-orbit coupling effects. Results. We present extensive comparisons with the most recent calculations and measurements for as well as a comparison between the core polarization results and the "unpolarized" values. We find that core polarization affects the computed lifetimes by up to 20%. Our results are in very close agreement with recent measurements for the lifetimes of metastable levels. The present collision strengths were integrated over a Maxwellian distribution of electron energies and the resulting effective collision strengths are given for a wide range of temperatures. Our effective collision strengths for the resonance transitions are within ~11% from previous values derived from experimental measurements, but disagree with later computations using the distorted wave approximation
Domestic dogs in protected areas : a threat to Brazilian mammals?

The presence of domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) in Brazilian protected areas is fairly frequent. The interaction of such dogs with native animals leads to population declines for many species, particularly carnivores. In this paper the main threats dogs bring about Brazilian biodiversity are assessed with a focus on protected areas. We collected information from papers on the interaction of dogs and wildlife species as well as from interviews with National Park managers. Studies in protected areas in Brazil listed 37 native species affected by the presence of dogs due to competition, predation, or pathogen transmission. Among the 69 threatened species of the Brazilian fauna, 55% have been cited in studies on dogs. Dog occurrence was assessed for 31 National Parks in Brazil. The presence of human residents and hunters in protected areas were the factors most often quoted as facilitating dog occurrence. These may be feral, street or domestically owned dogs found in protected areas in urban, rural or natural areas. Effective actions to control this invasive alien species in natural areas must consider dog dependence upon humans, pathways of entry, and the surrounding landscape and context
Social capital and learning advantages: a problem of absorptive capacity

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: HUGHES, M. ... et al., 2014. Social capital and learning advantages: a problem of absorptive capacity. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 8 (3), pp.214-233, which has been published in final form at: https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1162. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.Theoretically, social capital allows entrepreneurial firms to capitalize on learning advantages of newness and gain access to knowledge as the foundation for improved performance. But this understates its complexity. We consider whether learning through social capital relationships has a direct effect on performance and whether absorptive capacity mediates and moderates this relationship. We find that network-based learning has no direct relationship with performance, but this is mediated in each instance by absorptive capacity and is moderated twice. Our findings challenge the learning advantages of newness thesis and reveal how absorptive capacity can enable business performance from a firm's network relationships
Revisiting the concept of the ‘problem young driver’ within the context of the ‘young driver problem’ : Who are they?

For decades there have been two young driver concepts: the ‘young driver problem’ where the driver cohort represents a key problem for road safety; and the ‘problem young driver’ where a sub-sample of drivers represents the greatest road safety problem. Given difficulties associated with identifying and then modifying the behaviour of the latter group, broad countermeasures such as graduated driver licensing (GDL) have generally been relied upon to address the young driver problem. GDL evaluations reveal general road safety benefits for young drivers, yet they continue to be overrepresented in fatality and injury statistics. Therefore it is timely for researchers to revisit the ‘problem young driver’ concept to assess its potential countermeasure implications. This is particularly relevant within the context of broader countermeasures that have been designed to address the ‘young driver problem’. Personal characteristics, behaviours and attitudes of 378 Queensland novice drivers aged 17-25 years were explored during their pre-, Learner and Provisional 1 (intermediate) licence as part of a larger longitudinal project. Self-reported risky driving was measured by the Behaviour of Young Novice Drivers Scale (BYNDS), and five subscale scores were used to cluster the drivers into three groups (high risk n=49, medium risk n=163, low risk n=166). High risk ‘problem young drivers’ were characterised by greater self-reported pre-Licence driving, unsupervised Learner driving, and speeding, driving errors, risky driving exposure, crash involvement, and offence detection during the Provisional period. Medium risk drivers were also characterised by more risky road use than the low risk group. Interestingly problem young drivers appear to have some insight into their high-risk driving, since they report significantly greater intentions to bend road rules in future driving. The results suggest that tailored intervention efforts may need to target problem young drivers within the context of broad countermeasures such as GDL which address the young driver problem in general. Experiences such as crash-involvement could be used to identify these drivers as a pre-intervention screening measure
Rice monitoring using ENVISAT-ASAR data: preliminary results of a case study in the Mekong River Delta, Vietnam

Vietnam is one of the world’s largest rice exporting countries, and the fertile Mekong River Delta at the southern tip of Vietnam accounts for more than half of the country’s rice production. Unfortunately, a large part of rice crop growing time coincides with a rainy season, resulting in a limited number of cloud-free optical remote sensing images for rice monitoring. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data allows for observations independent of weather conditions and solar illumination, and is potentially well suited for rice crop monitoring.\ud
The aim of the study was to apply new generation Envisat ASAR data with dual polarization (HH and VV) to rice cropping system mapping and monitoring in An Giang province, Mekong River Delta. Several sample areas were established on the ground, where selected rice parameters (e.g. rice height and biomass) are periodically being measured over a period of 12 months. A correlation analysis of rice parameters and radar imagery values is then being conducted to determine the significance and magnitude of the relationships.\ud
This paper describes a review of the previous research studies on rice monitoring using SAR data, the context of this on-going study, and some preliminary results that provide insights on how ASAR imagery could be useful for rice crop monitoring. More work is being done to develop algorithms for mapping and monitoring rice cropping systems, and to validate a rice yield prediction model for one year cycle using time-series SAR imagery
Perceptions of career development learning and work-integrated learning in Australian higher education

This article is a report on the perceived correspondence between of career development learning and work-integrated learning programs that were delivered by career services in Australian higher education institutions.  The study entailed a questionnaire survey of representatives of university career services.  The questionnaire addressed the extent to which the elements of career development learning were present in work-integrated learning programs.  Results of the survey indicated convergence of the career development learning domains of self-awareness and opportunity awareness, but relatively less integration of decision-making and transition learning.  The article concludes with a call for further exploration into how universities and employers view career development learning in work-integrated learning programs
Inclusive b-hadron production cross section with muons in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A measurement of the b-hadron production cross section in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV is presented. The dataset, corresponding to 85 inverse nanobarns, was recorded with the CMS experiment at the LHC using a low-threshold single-muon trigger. Events are selected by the presence of a muon with transverse momentum greater than 6 GeV with respect to the beam direction and pseudorapidity less than 2.1. The transverse momentum of the muon with respect to the closest jet discriminates events containing b hadrons from background. The inclusive b-hadron production cross section is presented as a function of muon transverse momentum and pseudorapidity. The measured total cross section in the kinematic acceptance is sigma(pp to b+X to mu + X') =1.32 +/- 0.01 (stat) +/- 0.30 (syst) +/- 0.15 (lumi) microbarns
Search for long-lived particles decaying to photons and missing energy in proton-proton collisions at \sqrt{s} = 7 TeV /

Results are presented from a search for long-lived neutralinos decaying into a photon and an invisible particle, a signature associated with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking in supersymmetric models. The analysis is based on a 4.9 inverse femtobarn sample of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The missing transverse energy and the time of arrival of the photon at the electromagnetic calorimeter are used to search for an excess of events over the expected background. No significant excess is observed, and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are obtained on the mass of the lightest neutralino, m(neutralino) > 220 GeV (for c tau<500 mm), as well as on the proper decay length of the lightest neutralino, c tau > 6000mm (for m(neutralino) < 150 GeV)
Mg–Ni–H films as selective coatings: Tunable reflectance by layered hydrogenation

Unlike other switchable mirrors, Mg2NiHx films show large changes in reflection that yield very low reflectance (high absorptance) at different hydrogen contents, far before reaching the semiconducting state. The resulting reflectance patterns are of interference origin, due to a self-organized layered hydrogenation mechanism that starts at the substrate interface, and can therefore be tuned by varying the film thickness. This tunability, together with the high absorptance contrast observed between the solar and the thermal energies, strongly suggests the use of these films in smart coatings for solar applications.
Construction of a map-based reference genome sequence for barley, Hordeum vulgare L

Citation: Beier, S., Himmelbach, A., Colmsee, C., Zhang, X. Q., Barrero, R. A., Zhang, Q. S., . . . Mascher, M. (2017). Construction of a map-based reference genome sequence for barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Scientific Data, 4, 24. doi:10.1038/sdata.2017.44Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a cereal grass mainly used as animal fodder and raw material for the malting industry. The map-based reference genome sequence of barley cv. `Morex' was constructed by the International Barley Genome Sequencing Consortium (IBSC) using hierarchical shotgun sequencing. Here, we report the experimental and computational procedures to (i) sequence and assemble more than 80,000 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones along the minimum tiling path of a genome-wide physical map, (ii) find and validate overlaps between adjacent BACs, (iii) construct 4,265 non-redundant sequence scaffolds representing clusters of overlapping BACs, and (iv) order and orient these BAC clusters along the seven barley chromosomes using positional information provided by dense genetic maps, an optical map and chromosome conformation capture sequencing (Hi-C). Integrative access to these sequence and mapping resources is provided by the barley genome explorer (BARLEX)
Measurements of differential production cross sections for a Z boson in association with jets in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV

Cross sections for the production of a Z boson in association with jets in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV are measured using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to 19.6 $fb^{−1}$. Differential cross sections are presented as functions of up to three observables that describe the jet kinematics and the jet activity. Correlations between the azimuthal directions and the rapidities of the jets and the Z boson are studied in detail. The predictions of a number of multileg generators with leading or next-to-leading order accuracy are compared with the measurements. The comparison shows the importance of including multi-parton contributions in the matrix elements and the improvement in the predictions when next-to-leading order terms are included
Management based on exhaled nitric oxide levels adjusted for atopy reduces asthma exacerbations in children: A dual centre randomized controlled trial

While several randomized control trials (RCTs) have evaluated the use of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) to improve asthma outcomes, none used FeNO cut-offs adjusted for atopy, a determinant of FeNO levels. In a dual center RCT, we assessed whether a treatment strategy based on FeNO levels, adjusted for atopy, reduces asthma exacerbations compared with the symptoms-based management (controls). Children with asthma from hospital clinics of two hospitals were randomly allocated to receive an a-priori determined treatment hierarchy based on symptoms or FeNO levels. There was a 2-week run-in period and they were then reviewed 10 times over 12-months. The primary outcome was the number of children with exacerbations over 12-months. Sixty-three children were randomized (FeNO = 31, controls = 32); 55 (86%) completed the study. Although we did achieve our planned sample size, significantly fewer children in the FeNO group (6 of 27) had an asthma exacerbation compared to controls (15 of 28), P = 0.021; number to treat for benefit = 4 (95% CI 3–24). There was no difference between groups for any secondary outcomes (quality of life, symptoms, FEV1). The final daily inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) dose was significantly (P = 0.037) higher in the FeNO group (median 400 µg, IQR 250–600) compared to the controls (200, IQR100–400). Taking atopy into account when using FeNO to tailor asthma medications is likely beneficial in reducing the number of children with severe exacerbations at the expense of increased ICS use. However, the strategy is unlikely beneficial for improving asthma control. A larger study is required to confirm or refute our findings.Full Tex