pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
QCD NLO and EW NLO corrections to tt¯H production with top quark decays at hadron collider

AbstractHiggs boson production associated with a top quark pair is an important process in studying the nature of the newly discovered Higgs boson at the LHC. In this letter, we report on our calculations including the next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD and NLO electroweak corrections to the pp→tt¯H process in the standard model. We present the integrated cross sections at the 14 TeV LHC and even at the future proton–proton colliders with s=33 and 100TeV. Our calculation includes the top quark subsequent decays by adopting the narrow width approximation. The kinematic distributions of Higgs boson and top quark decay products at the LHC are provided. We find that the O(αs2αew2) corrections are quantitatively comparable with the O(αs3αew) corrections in some kinematic region
Joint Feedback Analysis Modeling of Nonesterified Fatty Acids in Obese Zucker Rats and Normal Sprague–Dawley Rats after Different Routes of Administration of Nicotinic Acid

ABSTRACTData were pooled from several studies on nicotinic acid (NiAc) intervention of fatty acid turnover in normal Sprague–Dawley and obese Zucker rats in order to perform a joint PKPD of data from more than 100 normal Sprague–Dawley and obese Zucker rats, exposed to several administration routes and rates. To describe the difference in pharmacodynamic parameters between obese and normal rats, we modified a previously published nonlinear mixed effects model describing tolerance and oscillatory rebound effects of NiAc on nonesterified fatty acids plasma concentrations. An important conclusion is that planning of experiments and dose scheduling cannot rely on pilot studies on normal animals alone. The obese rats have a less-pronounced concentration–response relationship and need higher doses to exhibit desired response. The relative level of fatty acid rebound after cessation of NiAc administration was also quantified in the two rat populations. Building joint normal-disease models with scaling parameter(s) to characterize the “degree of disease” can be a useful tool when designing informative experiments on diseased animals, particularly in the preclinical screen. Data were analyzed using nonlinear mixed effects modeling, for the optimization, we used an improved method for calculating the gradient than the usually adopted finite difference approximation. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 103:2571–2584, 201
CDT meets Hořava–Lifshitz gravity

AbstractThe theory of causal dynamical triangulations (CDT) attempts to define a nonperturbative theory of quantum gravity as a sum over spacetime geometries. One of the ingredients of the CDT framework is a global time foliation, which also plays a central role in the quantum gravity theory recently formulated by Hořava. We show that the phase diagram of CDT bears a striking resemblance with the generic Lifshitz phase diagram appealed to by Hořava. We argue that CDT might provide a unifying nonperturbative framework for anisotropic as well as isotropic theories of quantum gravity
Cell sourcing for bone tissue engineering: Amniotic fluid stem cells have a delayed, robust differentiation compared to mesenchymal stem cells

AbstractCell based therapies for bone regeneration are an exciting emerging technology, but the availability of osteogenic cells is limited and an ideal cell source has not been identified. Amniotic fluid-derived stem cells (AFS) and bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were compared to determine their osteogenic differentiation capacity in both 2D and 3D environments. In 2D culture, the AFS cells produced more mineralized matrix but delayed peaks in osteogenic markers. Cells were also cultured on 3D scaffolds constructed of poly-ε-caprolactone for 15weeks. MSCs differentiated more quickly than AFS cells on 3D scaffolds, but mineralized matrix production slowed considerably after 5weeks. In contrast, the rate of AFS cell mineralization continued to increase out to 15weeks, at which time AFS constructs contained 5-fold more mineralized matrix than MSC constructs. Therefore, cell source should be taken into consideration when used for cell therapy, as the MSCs would be a good choice for immediate matrix production, but the AFS cells would continue robust mineralization for an extended period of time. This study demonstrates that stem cell source can dramatically influence the magnitude and rate of osteogenic differentiation in vitro
Event shapes in N=4 super-Yang–Mills theory

AbstractWe study event shapes in N=4 SYM describing the angular distribution of energy and R-charge in the final states created by the simplest half-BPS scalar operator. Applying the approach developed in the companion paper arXiv:1309.0769, we compute these observables using the correlation functions of certain components of the N=4 stress-tensor supermultiplet: the half-BPS operator itself, the R-symmetry current and the stress tensor. We present master formulas for the all-order event shapes as convolutions of the Mellin amplitude defining the correlation function of the half-BPS operators, with a coupling-independent kernel determined by the choice of the observable. We find remarkably simple relations between various event shapes following from N=4 superconformal symmetry. We perform thorough checks at leading order in the weak coupling expansion and show perfect agreement with the conventional calculations based on amplitude techniques. We extend our results to strong coupling using the correlation function of half-BPS operators obtained from the AdS/CFT correspondence
Mean-univariate GARCH VaR portfolio optimization: Actual portfolio approach

AbstractIn accordance with Basel Capital Accords, the Capital Requirements (CR) for market risk exposure of banks is a nonlinear function of Value-at-Risk (VaR). Importantly, the CR is calculated based on a bank’s actual portfolio, i.e. the portfolio represented by its current holdings. To tackle mean-VaR portfolio optimization within the actual portfolio framework (APF), we propose a novel mean-VaR optimization method where VaR is estimated using a univariate Generalized AutoRegressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH) volatility model. The optimization was performed by employing a Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). On a sample of 40 large US stocks, our procedure provided superior mean-VaR trade-offs compared to those obtained from applying more customary mean-multivariate GARCH and historical VaR models. The results hold true in both low and high volatility samples
Analyzing Chaos in Higher Order Disordered Quartic-Sextic Klein-Gordon
  Lattices Using $q$-Statistics

In the study of subdiffusive wave-packet spreading in disordered Klein-Gordon
(KG) nonlinear lattices, a central open question is whether the motion
continues to be chaotic despite decreasing densities, or tends to become
quasi-periodic as nonlinear terms become negligible. In a recent study of such
KG particle chains with quartic (4th order) anharmonicity in the on-site
potential, it was shown that $q-$Gaussian probability distribution functions of
sums of position observables with $q > 1$ always approach pure Gaussians
($q=1$) in the long time limit and hence the motion of the full system is
ultimately "strongly chaotic". In the present paper, we show that these results
continue to hold even when a sextic (6th order) term is gradually added to the
potential and ultimately prevails over the 4th order anharmonicity, despite
expectations that the dynamics is more "regular", at least in the regime of
small oscillations. Analyzing this system in the subdiffusive energy domain
using $q$-statistics, we demonstrate that groups of oscillators centered around
the initially excited one (as well as the full chain) possess strongly chaotic
dynamics and are thus far from any quasi-periodic torus, for times as long as
$t=10^9$.Comment: 13 pages, 4 figure
How to fragment peralkaline rhyolites: Observations on pumice using combined multi-scale 2D and 3D imaging

Peralkaline rhyolites are volatile-rich magmas that typically erupt in continental rift settings. The high alkali and halogen content of these magmas results in viscosities two to three orders of magnitude lower than in calc-alkaline rhyolites. Unless extensive microlite crystallisation occurs, the calculated strain rates required for fragmentation are unrealistically high, yet peralkaline pumices from explosive eruptions of varying scales are commonly microlite-free. Here we present a combined 2D scanning electron microscopy and 3D X-ray microtomography study of peralkaline rhyolite vesicle textures designed to investigate fragmentation processes. Microlite-free peralkaline pumice textures from Pantelleria, Italy, strongly resemble those from calc-alkaline rhyolites on both macro and micro scales. These textures imply that the pumices fragmented in a brittle fashion and that their peralkaline chemistry had little direct effect on textural evolution during bubble nucleation and growth. We suggest that the observed pumice textures evolved in response to high decompression rates and that peralkaline rhyolite magmas can fragment when strain localisation and high bubble overpressures develop during rapid ascent. © 2017 The AuthorsEPSRC/EP/F007906/1EPSRC/EP/I02249X/1EVOKES ERC 247076NERC NE/M01687/1Alexander von Humboldt Foundatio
The responsible marketing of tourism: The case of Canadian Mountain Holidays

Heli-tourism represents one of the great dilemmas and conflicts between recreational enjoyment of the wilderness and the conservation of the fragile alpine and mountain areas where the activity takes place. The question of responsibility towards the environment is one, which tourism operators generally seem reluctant to accept but one operator that appears to have taken a proactive approach to environmental issues in mountain regions is heli-operator Canadian Mountain Holidays (CMH). This paper expands on the limited amount of research that exists on the complex relationship between tourism and the environment by applying a responsible marketing model to CMH. This model is grounded on previous literature in marketing, and strategic and environmental management. Interviews with key stakeholders, observational research, and content analysis of communication materials, were used to identify how near CMH is to finding a balance between responsible action and the communication of these activities
Measurement of the Z gamma production cross section in pp collisions at 8 TeV and search for anomalous triple gauge boson couplings

The cross section for the production of Z gamma in proton- proton collisions at 8 TeV is measured based on data collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 inverse femtobarns. Events with an oppositely-charged pair of muons or electrons together with an isolated photon are selected. The differential cross section as a function of the photon transverse momentum is measured inclusively and exclusively, where the exclusive selection applies a veto on central jets. The observed cross sections are compatible with the expectations of next-to-next-to-leading-order quantum chromodynamics. Limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings of Z Z gamma and Z gamma gamma are set that improve on previous experimental results obtained with the charged lepton decay modes of the Z boson
Stress concentrations around voids in three dimensions: The roots of failure

We present stress concentration factors at the edges of 3D voids in uniaxial compression. Variations in these stress concentration factors due to Poisson's ratio of the host material, void shape, and void-void proximity are explicitly quantified. Voids loaded by a vertical compressive stress are hypothesised to fail in one or two ways: (1) tension crack development due to tensile stress concentrations at the void poles; or (2) compressive stress concentrations at the void sides causing the void wall to fail in shear. The stress concentration factors in this study are found using the numerical displacement discontinuity method. Equations are provided to assess the proximity of a void to the two hypothesised modes of failure. For 3D voids thinned in an axis that lies parallel to the compressive stress these have increasingly high stress concentrations at their sides. Changes in stress concentrations due to the Poisson's ratio of the matrix are minor, apart from for the intermediate stress at the void sides. Void shape, void separation, and void alignment are critical factors in the concentration of stresses. This suggests a significant departure from strength predictions for porous material that are based solely on scalar values of porosity.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
An optimization model for a monopolistic firm serving an environmentally conscious market: Use of chemical reaction optimization algorithm

This paper was accepted for publication in the journal International Journal of Production Economics and the definitive published version is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2014.10.011This research considers a monopolist firm which faces the following twin challenges of serving an environmentally sensitive market. The first challenge is the demand’s elasticity to emissions and price. To entice its environmentally conscious customers and generate higher demand, the firm incrementally invests in cleaner production technologies. It also adopts a voluntary limit on its emissions from transportation. However, such investments and penalty lead to the second challenge of reduced net profit. In order to address these challenges and establish a trade-off, this research develops a Non-Linear Programming (NLP) model with a maximization quadratic profit function. Furthermore, a Chemical Reaction Optimization algorithm, with superior computational performance, has been applied to solve the developed NLP models. The output results of the model provide near optimal monopolistic price, best attainable reduction in manufacturing emissions through proportional investment and a choice of suitable mode of transportation for each type of product offered by the firm. Three types of sensitivity analyses were performed by varying contextual parameters: customers’ emission elasticity, penalty charged per unit emission and investment coefficient. The results underpin the importance of investments in cleaner technologies and the need of financial aids for profit maximizing firms operating in cleaner markets. This research provides a decision making model to determine the near optimal degree of each of the above dimensions in multiple business fronts
An absolute requirement for both the type II and type I receptors, punt and thick veins, for dpp signaling in vivo.

TGF beta elicits diverse cellular responses by signaling through receptor complexes formed by two distantly related transmembrane serine/threonine kinases called type II and type I receptors. Previous studies have indicated that the product of the Drosophila thick veins (tkv) gene is a type I receptor for decapentaplegic (dpp). Here, we show that the Drosophila gene punt encodes a homolog of a vertebrate type II receptor, and we demonstrate that punt, like tkv, is essential in vivo for dpp-dependent patterning processes. Because no dpp-related signalling is apparent in the absence of either the punt or tkv receptor, we infer that both receptors act in concert to transduce the dpp signal and that their functions cannot be replaced by the other extant type II and I receptors
On the dynamical determination of strange parton distributions

The dynamical parton distributions of the nucleon are generated radiatively from positive definite (valencelike) input distributions at an optimally chosen low resolution scale (Q_0^2 < 1 GeV^2). For the strange distribution in particular, it has been assumed that vanishing strange input distributions at this low scale is an appropriate choice. By confronting predictions derived from our (GJR08) NLO dynamical parton distributions with recent neutrino dimuon production measurement from NuTeV we show that this is indeed the case, and that little improvement is achieved by using a more general ansatz. Nevertheless, the data induce an asymmetry in the strange sea which is found to be small and positive in agreement with previous results
Scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs production in association with a top-antitop pair

We present the calculation of scalar and pseudoscalar Higgs production in association with a top-antitop pair to the next-to-leading order (NLO) accuracy in QCD, interfaced with parton showers according to the MC@NLO formalism. We apply our results to the cases of light and very light Higgs boson production at the LHC, giving results for total rates as well as for sample differential distributions, relevant to the Higgs, to the top quarks, and to their decay products. This work constitutes the first phenomenological application of aMC@NLO, a fully automated approach to complete event generation at NLO in QCD
Search for same-sign top-quark pair production at p s = 7 TeV and limits on flavour changing neutral currets in the top sector

An inclusive search for same-sign top-quark pair production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is performed using a data sample recorded with the CMS detector in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse picobarns. This analysis is motivated by recent studies of p p-bar to t t-bar reporting mass-dependent forward-backward asymmetries larger than expected from the standard model. These asymmetries could be due to Flavor Changing Neutral Currents (FCNC) in the top sector induced by t-channel exchange of a massive neutral vector boson (Z'). Models with such a Z' also predict enhancement of same-sign top-pair production in pp or p p-bar collisions. Limits are set as a function of the Z'mass and its couplings to u and t quarks. These limits disfavour the FCNC interpretation of the Tevatron results
Product Configuration Systems: State of the Art, Conceptualization and Extensions

Product configurators are considered to be among the most successful applications
of artificial intelligence technology. In this paper, we determine different conceptualizations of configurators and condense them in a comprehensive morphological box, which should support configurator designers as well as decision makers in selecting the right system. The analysis of the criteria according to which configurators that are designed thus far reveals a neglect of the front-end perspective. Therefore, it is relevant to extend configurators with a front-end component assisting customers during product configuration through advisory. We develop a framework describing the main requirements on an advisory system and propose the technical infrastructure for its implementation. Finally, the advisory system and the configurator are integrated into a comprehensive interaction system.
Potential dividends versus actual cash flows in firm valuation

Practitioners and some academics use potential dividends rather than actual payments to shareholders for valuing a firm’s equity. We underline the differences between the two methods and present some arguments supporting the thesis that firm valuation with potential dividends overstate the actual value of the firm’s equity. In particular, consistently with DeAngelo and DeAngelo (2006, 2007), we underline that cash flows create value for shareholders only if they are withdrawn from the firm, and that the use of potential dividends may lead to contradictions.


This paper is a modified version of the theoretical part (sections 1-3) of Velez-Pareja, I., and Magni, C.A. (2008). Potential Dividends and Actual Cash Flows. Theoretical and Empirical Reasons for Using ‘Actual’ and Dismissing  ‘Potential’, Or: How not to Pull Potential Rabbits Out of Actual Hats.
Does Outward FDI Matter in International Trade? Evidence from Malaysia

Developing and transition economies are an increasingly important source of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI). The objective of this paper is to fill the gap in the literature regarding outward foreign direct investment by adopting the well known gravity model to examine the relationship between trade (export and import), inward and outward FDI using Malaysia as a case. This contributes to the literature as previous studies on OFDI in Malaysia have focused primarily on the determinants of these outward flows, and  there are no studies examining the impact of OFDI on trade. Our findings reveal that inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) conforms to the observed pattern of a complementary relationship between FDI and trade while OFDI and trade linkages are not significant. The empirical results also indicate that Malaysia has yet to follow the trajectory of developed economies in its shift from being a net capital importer to a capital exporter due to the lack of trade linkages between OFDI and trade. This further implies that the country may not be able to reap the potential benefits of OFDI that accrue through efficiency gains from specialization and scale advantages that are generated through trade channels.
Outperforming the naïve Random Walk forecast of foreign exchange daily closing prices using Variance Gamma and normal inverse Gaussian Levy processes

This work demonstrates that forecast of foreign exchange (FX) daily closing prices using the normal inverse Gaussian (NIG) and Variance Gamma (VG) Levy processes outperform the naïve Random Walk model. We use the open software R to estimate NIG and VG distribution parameters and perform several classical goodness–of -fits test to select best models. Seven currency pairs can be forecasted by both Levy processes: TND/GBP, EGP/EUR, EUR/GBP, EUR/JPY, JOD/JPY, USD/GBP, and XAU/USD, while USD/JPY and QAR/JPY can be forecasted with the VG process only. RMSE values show that  NIG and VG forecast are comparable, and both outperform the naïve Random Walk out of sample. Appended R-codes are original.
Cumulative culture in nonhumans : overlooked findings from Japanese monkeys?

The authors thank Corpus Christi College (Cambridge) for funding DS’s visit to Koshima and Prof. Tetsuro Matsuzawa for funding WCM’s visit to Koshima.Cumulative culture, generally known as the increasing complexity or efficiency of cultural behaviors additively transmitted over successive generations, has been emphasized as a hallmark of human evolution. Recently, reviews of candidates for cumulative culture in nonhuman species have claimed that only humans have cumulative culture. Here, we aim to scrutinize this claim, using current criteria for cumulative culture to re-evaluate overlooked qualitative but longitudinal data from a nonhuman primate, the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). We review over 60 years of Japanese ethnography of Koshima monkeys, which indicate that food-washing behaviors (e.g., of sweet potato tubers and wheat grains) seem to have increased in complexity and efficiency over time. Our reassessment of the Koshima ethnography is preliminary and nonquantitative, but it raises the possibility that cumulative culture, at least in a simple form, occurs spontaneously and adaptively in other primates and nonhumans in nature.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe