pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A Creative and Useful Tension? Large Companies Using “Bring Your Own Device”

Part 3: Creating Value through ApplicationsInternational audienceThis paper looks at processes of embedding of computer systems in four organisational case studies in three different countries. A selective literature study of implementation of computer systems leads the authors to suggest that seen from a top down managerial perspective employees may be assumed to accept and use new computer systems, for example an ERP system but what happens deep down in the organisation are a reshaping, domestication or appropriation of the software for example through developing workarounds. The authors further suggest that traditional implementation models may incorrectly assume that the computer systems has been embedded in the organisation because things appear to be running smoothly when in fact software and/or processes have been reshaped by employees to suit their local needs. These social shapings appear to be done for a multitude of reasons. However, from the qualitative case studies it appears that most workarounds are done to make work easier and/or to overcome perceived inflexibilities in existing enterprise mandated systems. The ubiquitous access to cloud technologies and an increasing workforce of tech savy “digital natives” using their own devices (BYOD) has exacerbated the situation
Extended and revised archaeomagnetic database and secular variation curves from Bulgaria for the last eight millennia

International audienceThe efforts of geophysicists to describe geomagnetic field behaviour in the past lead to creation of different geomagnetic field models. On the other hand, the established regional palaeosecular variations of geomagnetic elements are increasingly used for dating purposes in archaeology. Both of these goals can be achieved if sufficient amounts of long archaeomagnetic data sets exist for different geographical regions. The accumulation of archaeomagnetic determinations began at the middle of the last century, parallel with the progressive development of experimental methodology and acceptance criteria. The presence of great number of old determinations requires their critical assessment. The important question about the reliability of the associated dating intervals should be also re-assessed. All this requires the continuous refinement and extension of the accumulated databases. This paper presents the last synthesis of Bulgarian archaeomagnetic database and the local palaeosecular variation curves obtained using a statistical treatment based on Bayesian approach (RenCurve software). The rock-magnetic characteristics of the newly included, non-published results are summarized
Postglacial (after 18 ka) deep-sea sedimentation along the Hikurangi subduction margin (New Zealand): Characterisation, timing and origin of turbidites

International audienceRecent sedimentation along the Hikurangi subduction margin off northeastern New Zealand is investigated using a series of piston cores collected between 2003 and 2008. The active Hikurangi Margin lies along the Pacific-Australia subduction plate boundary and contains a diverse range of geomorphologic settings. Slope basin stratigraphy is thick and complex, resulting from sustained high rates of sedimentation from adjacent muddy rivers throughout the Quaternary. Turbidites deposited since c. 18 ka in the Poverty, Ruatoria and Matakaoa re-entrants are central to this study in that they provide a detailed record of the past climatic conditions and tectonic activity. Here, alternating hemipelagite, turbidite, debrite and tephra layers reflect distinctive depositional modes of marine sedimentation, turbidity current, debris flow and volcanic eruption, respectively. Turbidites dominate the record, ranging in lithofacies from muddy to sandy turbidites, and include some basal-reverse graded turbidites inferred to be derived from hyperpycnal flows. Stacked turbidites are common and indicate multiple gravity-flows over short time periods. The chronology of turbidites is determined by collating an extremely dense set of radiocarbon ages and dated tephra, which facilitate sedimentation rate calculation and identification of the origin of turbidites. Sedimentation rates range from 285 cm/ka during late glacial time (18.5-17 ka) to 15 to 109 cm/ka during postglacial time (17-0 ka). Turbidite deposition is controlled by: (1) the emplacement of slope avalanches reorganising sediment pathways; (2) the postglacial marine transgression leading to a five-fold reduction in sediment supply to the slope due to disconnection of river mouths from the shelf edge, and (3) the Holocene/ Pleistocene boundary climate warming resulting in a drastic decrease in the average turbidite grain-size. Flood-induced turbidites are scarce: nine hyperpycnites are recognised since 18 ka and the youngest is correlated to the largest ENSO-related storm event recorded onland (Lake Tutira). Other turbidites contain a benthic foraminiferal assemblage which is strictly reworked from the upper slope and which relates to large earthquakes over the last c. 7 ka. They yield a shorter return time (270-430 years) than the published coastal records for large earthquakes (c. 670 years), but the offshore record is likely to be more complete. The deep-sea sedimentation along the New Zealand active margin illustrates the complex interaction of tectonic and climate in turbidite generation. Climate warming and glacio-eustatic fluctuations are well recorded at a millennial timescale (18 ka), while tectonic deformation and earthquakes appear predominant in fostering turbidite production at a centennial timescale (270-430 years)
A set-operad of formal fractions and dendriform-like sub-operads

31 pagesInternational audienceWe introduce an operad of formal fractions, abstracted from the Mould operads and containing both the Dendriform and the Tridendriform operads. We consider the smallest set-operad contained in this operad and containing four specific elements of arity two, corresponding to the generators and the associative elements of the Dendriform and Tridendriform operads. We obtain a presentation of this operad (by binary generators and quadratic relations) and an explicit combinatorial description using a new kind of bi-colored trees. Similar results are also presented for related symmetric operads
Plasma DYRK1A as a novel risk factor for Alzheimer's disease

International audienceTo determine whether apparent involvement of DYRK1A in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology makes it a candidate plasma biomarker for diagnosis, we developed a method to quantify plasma DYRK1A by immunoblot in transgenic mouse models having different gene dosages of Dyrk1a, and, consequently, different relative protein expression. Then, we measured plasma DYRK1A levels in 26 patients with biologically confirmed AD and 25 controls (negative amyloid imaging available on 13). DYRK1A was detected in transgenic mouse brain and plasma samples, and relative levels of DYRK1A correlated with the gene copy number. In plasma from AD patients, DYRK1A levels were significantly lower compared with controls (P o 0.0001). Results were similar when we compared AD patients with the subgroup of controls confirmed by negative amyloid imaging. In a subgroup of patients with early AD (CDR = 0.5), lower DYRK1A expression was confirmed. In contrast, no difference was found in levels of DYRK1B, the closest relative of DYRK1A, between AD patients and controls. Further, AD patients exhibited a positive correlation between plasma DYRK1A levels and cerebrospinal fluid tau and phosphorylated-tau proteins, but no correlation with amyloid-β42 levels and Pittsburgh compound B cortical binding. DYRK1A levels detected in lymphoblastoid cell lines from AD patients were also lower when compared with cells from age-matched controls. These findings suggest that reduced DYRK1A expression might be a novel plasma risk factor for AD
Syntenic relationships between genomic profiles of fiber-induced murine and human malignant mesothelioma.
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aCGH of human and murine mesothelioma

International audienceMalignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive tumor with a poor prognosis mainly linked to past asbestos exposure. Murine models of MM based on fiber exposure have been developed to elucidate the mechanism of mesothelioma formation. Genomic alterations in murine MM have now been partially characterized. To gain insight into the pathophysiology of mesothelioma, 16 murine and 35 human mesotheliomas were characterized by array-comparative genomic hybridization and were screened for common genomic alterations. Alteration of the 9p21 human region, often by biallelic deletion, was the most frequent alteration in both species, in agreement with the CDKN2A/CDKN2B locus deletion in human disease and murine models. Other shared aberrations were losses of 1p36.3-p35 and 13q14-q33 and gains of 5p15.3-p13 regions. However, some differences were noted, such as absence of recurrent alterations in mouse regions corresponding to human chromosome 22. Comparison between altered recurrent regions in asbestos-exposed and non-asbestos-exposed patients showed a significant difference in the 14q11.2-q21 region, which was also lost in fiber-induced murine mesothelioma. A correlation was also demonstrated between genomic instability and tumorigenicity of human mesothelioma xenografts in nude mice. Overall, these data show similarities between murine and human disease, and contribute to the understanding of the influence of fibers in the pathogenesis of mesothelioma and validation of the murine model for preclinical testing
On Cluster Resource Allocation for Multiple Parallel Task Graphs

International audienceMany scientific applications can be structured as Parallel Task Graphs (PTGs), that is, graphs of data-parallel tasks. Adding data-parallelism to a task-parallel application provides opportunities for higher performance and scalability, but poses additional scheduling challenges. In this paper, we study the off-line scheduling of multiple PTGs on a single, homogeneous cluster. The objective is to optimize performance without compromising fairness among the PTGs. We consider the range of previously proposed scheduling algorithms applicable to this problem, both from the applied and the theoretical literature, and we propose minor improvements when possible. Our main contribution is an extensive evaluation of these algorithms in simulation, using both synthetic and real-world application configurations, using two different metrics for performance and one metric for fairness. We identify a handful of algorithms that provide good trade-offs when considering all these metrics. The best algorithm overall is one that structures the schedule as a sequence of phases of increasing duration based on a makespan guarantee produced by an approximation algorithm
Towards a Transparent Data Access Model for the GridRPC Paradigm

International audienceAs grids become more and more attractive for solving complex problems with high computational and storage requirements, the need for adequate grid programming models is considerable. To this purpose, the GridRP C model has been proposed as a grid version of the classical RPC paradigm, with the goal to build NES (Network-Enabled Server) environments. In this model, data management has not been deﬁned and is now explicitly left at the user's charge. The contribution of this paper is to enhance data management in NES by introducing a transparent data access model, available through the concept of grid data-sharing service. Data management is totally delegated to the service, whereas the applications simply access shared data via global identiﬁers. We illustrate our approach using the DIET GridRP C middleware and the J UXME M data-sharing service. Notably, our experiments performed on the Grid'5000 using a real-life application show the efﬁciency of using JuxMem for managing persistent data in the GridRPC model: application execution times in a grid environment are of the same order as in a cluster environment
Learning Probabilistic Models of Tree Edit Distance

38 pagesInternational audienceNowadays, there is a growing interest in machine learning and pattern recognition for tree-structured data. Trees actually provide a suitable structural representation to deal with complex tasks such as web information extraction, RNA secondary structure prediction, computer music, or conversion of semi-structured data (e.g. XML documents). Many applications in these domains require the calculation of similarities over pairs of trees. In this context, the tree edit distance (ED) has been subject of investigations for many years in order to improve its computational efficiency. However, used in its classical form, the tree ED needs a priori fixed edit costs which are often difficult to tune, that leaves little room for tackling complex problems. In this paper, to overcome this drawback, we focus on the automatic learning of a non parametric stochastic tree ED. More precisely, we are interested in two kinds of probabilistic approaches. The first one builds a generative model of the tree ED from a joint distribution over the edit operations, while the second works from a conditional distribution providing then a discriminative model. To tackle these tasks, we present an adaptation of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm for learning these distributions over the primitive edit costs. Two experiments are conducted. The first is achieved on artificial data and confirms the interest to learn a tree ED rather than a priori imposing edit costs; The second is applied to a pattern recognition task aiming to classify handwritten digits
Using Schumann resonance measurements for constraining the water abundance on the giant planets - Implications for the solar system's formation

International audienceThe formation and evolution of the solar system is closely related to the abundance of volatiles, namely water, ammonia, and methane in the protoplanetary disk. Accurate measurement of volatiles in the solar system is therefore important for understanding not only the nebular hypothesis and origin of life but also planetary cosmogony as a whole. In this work, we propose a new remote sensing technique to infer the outer planets' water content by measuring Tremendously and Extremely Low Frequency (TLF–ELF) electromagnetic wave characteristics (Schumann resonances) excited by lightning in their gaseous envelopes. Schumann resonance detection can be potentially used for constraining the uncertainty of volatiles of the giant planets, mainly Uranus and Neptune, because such TLF–ELF wave signatures are closely related to the electric conductivity profile and water content. Key words: planets and satellites: composition – planets and satellites: formation – planets and satellites: physical evolution – protoplanetary disks – space vehicles: instruments – waves Online-only material: color figure
MID: A MetaCASE Tool For A Better Reuse Of Visual Notations

International audienceModeling tools facilitate the development process from modeling to coding. Such tools can be designed using a Model-Driven approach into metamodeling environments called metaCASE tools. It turned out that current metaCASE tools still require, in most cases, manual programming to build full tool support for the modeling language. First of all, we want to specify, using models, diagrams editors with a high graphical expressiveness without any need for manual intervention to perform this task. The second axis is dedicated to this specification reuse in other contexts of use. The redundancy of diagrams editors specification raises the problem of inconsistency during the evolution or the update of this specification. We propose then MID, a tool based on a set of meta-models supporting the easy specification of modeling editors with reusable components
Analysis of high altitude clouds in the martian atmosphere based on Mars Climate Sounder observations

International Symposium on Sun, Earth, and Life, Jun 2016, Bandung, IndonesiaInternational audienceHigh altitude clouds have been observed in the Martian atmosphere. However, their properties still remain to be characterized. Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) aboard Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) is an instrument that measures radiances in the thermal infrared, both in limb and nadir views. It allows us to retrieve vertical profiles of radiance, temperature and aerosols. Using the MCS data and radiative transfer model coupled with an automated inversion routine, we can investigate the chemical composition of the high altitude clouds. We will present the first results on the properties of the clouds. CO<sub>2</sub> ice is the best candidate to be the main component of some high altitude clouds due to the most similar spectral variation compared to water ice or dust, in agreement with previous studies. Using cloud composition of contaminated CO<sub>2</sub> ice (dust core surrounded by CO<sub>2</sub> ice) might improve the fitting result, but further study is needed
Evolution of calc-alkaline to alkaline magmatism through Carboniferous convergence to Permian transcurrent tectonics, western Chinese Tianshan

International audienceContinuous magmatic activity occurred in the western Chinese Tianshan, Central Asia, from the Carboniferous to the Permian, i.e. before and after the Late Carboniferous amalgamation of Junggar and the Yili Blocks. Zircon U–Pb LA-ICPMS and Ar–Ar data reveal a coincidence in time between regional wrench faulting and granitoid emplacement. Permian post-collisional granitoids crop out within or at the margins of large-scale dextral strike-slip shear zones, some of them show synkinematic fabrics. The whole rock geochemical features of the Early-Middle Permian granitoids indicate an evolution from high-K calc-alkaline towards alkaline series. In other places of the North Tianshan, alkaline magmatism occurred together with deep marine sedimentation within elongated troughs controlled by wrench faults. Therefore, in contrast with previous interpretations that forwarded continental rift or mantle plume hypotheses, the coexistence of diverse magmatic sources during the same tectonic episode suggests that post-collisional lithosphere-scale transcurrent shearing tightly controlled the magmatic activity during the transition from convergent margin to intraplate anorogenic processes
Segmentation of the Nazca and South American plates along the Ecuador subduction zone from wide angle seismic profiles

International audienceWe describe the deep structure of the south Colombian-northern Ecuador convergent margin using travel time inversion of wide-angle seismic data recently collected offshore. The margin appears segmented into three contrasting zones. In the North Zone, affected by four great subduction earthquakes during the 20th century, normal oceanic crust subducts beneath the oceanic Cretaceous substratum of the margin underlined by seismic velocities as high as 6.0-6.5 km/s. In the Central Zone the subducting oceanic crust is over-thickened beneath the Carnegie Ridge. A steeper slope and a well-developed, high velocity, Cretaceous oceanic basement characterizes the margin wedge. This area coincides with a gap in significant subduction earthquake activity. In the South Zone, the subducting oceanic crust is normal. The fore-arc is characterized by large sedimentary basins suggesting significant subsidence. Velocities in the margin wedge are significantly lower and denote a different nature or a higher degree of fracturing. Even if the distance between the three profiles exceeds 150 km, the structural segmentation obtained along the Ecuadorian margin correlates well with the distribution of seismic activity and the neotectonic zonation
On the inverse optimal control problems of the human locomotion: stability and robustness of the minimizers

20 pagesInternational audienceIn recent papers models of the human locomotion by means of an optimal control problem have been proposed. In this paradigm, the trajectories are assumed to be solutions of an optimal control problem whose cost has to be determined. The purpose of the present paper is to analyze the class of optimal control problems defined in this way. We prove strong convergence result for their solutions on the one hand for perturbations of the initial and final points (stability), and on the other hand for perturbations of the cost (robustness)
MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding: From specification to a reconfigurable implementation

International audienceThis paper demonstrates that it is possible to produce automatic, reconfigurable, and portable implementations of multimedia decoders onto platforms with the help of the MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding (RVC) standard. MPEG RVC is a new formalism standardized by the MPEGconsortium used to specify multimedia decoders. It produces visual representations of decoder reference software, with the help of graphs that connect several coding tools from MPEG standards. The approach developed in this paper draws on Dataflow Process Networks to produce a Minimal and Canonical Representation (MCR) of \MPEG\ \RVC\ specifications. The \MCR\ makes it possible to form automatic and reconfigurable implementations of decoders which can match any actual platforms. The contribution is demonstrated on one case study where a generic decoder needs to process a multimedia content with the help of the \RVC\ specification of the decoder required to process it. The overall approach is tested on two decoders from MPEG, namely MPEG-4 part 2 Simple Profile and MPEG-4 part 10 Constrained Baseline Profile. The results validate the following benefits on the \MCR\ of decoders: compact representation, low overhead induced by its compilation, reconfiguration and multi-core abilities
Birkhoff normal form for splitting methods applied to semilinear Hamiltonian PDEs. Part II: Abstract splitting.

International audienceWe consider Hamiltonian PDEs that can be split into a linear unbounded operator and a regular non linear part. We consider abstract splitting methods associated with this decomposition where no discretization in space is made. We prove a normal form result for the corresponding discrete flow under generic non resonance conditions on the frequencies of the linear operator and on the step size. This result implies the conservation of the regularity of the numerical solution associated with the splitting method over arbitrary long time, provided the initial data is small enough. This result holds for numerical schemes controlling the round-off error at each step to avoid possible high frequency energy drift. We apply this results to nonlinear Schrödinger equations as well as the nonlinear wave equation.
Second-Order Elliptic Integro-Differential Equations: Viscosity Solutions' Theory Revisited

The aim of this work is to revisit viscosity solutions' theory for second-order elliptic integro-differential equations and to provide a general framework which takes into account solutions with arbitrary growth at infinity. Our main contribution is a new Jensen-Ishii's Lemma for integro-differential equations, which is stated for solutions with no restriction on their growth at infinity. The proof of this result, which is of course a key ingredient to prove comparison principles, relies on a new definition of viscosity solution for integro-differential equation (equivalent to the two classical ones) which combines the approach with test-functions and sub-superjets