pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Noncommutative Riemann integration and and Novikov-Shubin invariants for
  open manifolds

Given a C*-algebra A with a semicontinuous semifinite trace tau acting on the
Hilbert space H, we define the family R of bounded Riemann measurable elements
w.r.t. tau as a suitable closure, a la Dedekind, of A, in analogy with one of
the classical characterizations of Riemann measurable functions, and show that
R is a C*-algebra, and tau extends to a semicontinuous semifinite trace on R.
  Then, unbounded Riemann measurable operators are defined as the closed
operators on H which are affiliated to A'' and can be approximated in measure
by operators in R, in analogy with unbounded Riemann integration. Unbounded
Riemann measurable operators form a tau-a.e. bimodule on R, denoted by R^, and
such bimodule contains the functional calculi of selfadjoint elements of R
under unbounded Riemann measurable functions. Besides, tau extends to a
bimodule trace on R^.
  Type II_1 singular traces for C*-algebras can be defined on the bimodule of
unbounded Riemann-measurable operators. Noncommutative Riemann integration, and
singular traces for C*-algebras, are then used to define Novikov-Shubin numbers
for amenable open manifolds, show their invariance under quasi-isometries, and
prove that they are (noncommutative) asymptotic dimensions.Comment: 34 pages, LaTeX, a new section has been added, concerning an
  application to Novikov-Shubin invariants, the title changed accordingl
Effects of isospin and momentum dependent interactions on liquid-gas
  phase transition in hot asymmetric nuclear matter

The liquid-gas phase transition in hot neutron-rich nuclear matter is
investigated within a self-consistent thermal model using an isospin and
momentum dependent interaction (MDI) constrained by the isospin diffusion data
in heavy-ion collisions, a momentum-independent interaction (MID), and an
isoscalar momentum-dependent interaction (eMDYI). The boundary of the
phase-coexistence region is shown to be sensitive to the density dependence of
the nuclear symmetry energy with a softer symmetry energy giving a higher
critical pressure and a larger area of phase-coexistence region. Compared with
the momentum-independent MID interaction, the isospin and momentum-dependent
MDI interaction is found to increase the critical pressure and enlarge the area
of phase-coexistence region. For the isoscalar momentum-dependent eMDYI
interaction, a limiting pressure above which the liquid-gas phase transition
cannot take place has been found and it is shown to be sensitive to the
stiffness of the symmetry energy.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, revised version, to appear in PL
Perfect and near perfect adaptation in a model of bacterial chemotaxis

The signaling apparatus mediating bacterial chemotaxis can adapt to a wide
range of persistent external stimuli. In many cases, the bacterial activity
returns to its pre-stimulus level exactly and this "perfect adaptability" is
robust against variations in various chemotaxis protein concentrations. We
model the bacterial chemotaxis signaling pathway, from ligand binding to CheY
phosphorylation. By solving the steady-state equations of the model
analytically, we derive a full set of conditions for the system to achieve
perfect adaptation. The conditions related to the phosphorylation part of the
pathway are discovered for the first time, while other conditions are
generalization of the ones found in previous works. Sensitivity of the perfect
adaptation is evaluated by perturbing these conditions. We find that, even in
the absence of some of the perfect adaptation conditions, adaptation can be
achieved with near perfect precision as a result of the separation of scales in
both chemotaxis protein concentrations and reaction rates, or specific
properties of the receptor distribution in different methylation states. Since
near perfect adaptation can be found in much larger regions of the parameter
space than that defined by the perfect adaptation conditions, their existence
is essential to understand robustness in bacterial chemotaxis.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein–mediated actin dynamics control type-I interferon production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells

Mutations in Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) protein (WASp), a regulator of actin dynamics in hematopoietic cells, cause WAS, an X-linked primary immunodeficiency characterized by recurrent infections and a marked predisposition to develop autoimmune disorders. The mechanisms that link actin alterations to the autoimmune phenotype are still poorly understood. We show that chronic activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and elevated type-I interferon (IFN) levels play a role in WAS autoimmunity. WAS patients display increased expression of type-I IFN genes and their inducible targets, alteration in pDCs numbers, and hyperresponsiveness to TLR9. Importantly, ablating IFN-I signaling in WASp null mice rescued chronic activation of conventional DCs, splenomegaly, and colitis. Using WASp-deficient mice, we demonstrated that WASp null pDCs are intrinsically more responsive to multimeric agonist of TLR9 and constitutively secrete type-I IFN but become progressively tolerant to further stimulation. By acute silencing of WASp and actin inhibitors, we show that WASp-mediated actin polymerization controls intracellular trafficking and compartmentalization of TLR9 ligands in pDCs restraining exaggerated activation of the TLR9–IFN-α pathway. Together, these data highlight the role of actin dynamics in pDC innate functions and imply the pDC–IFN-α axis as a player in the onset of autoimmune phenomena in WAS disease
"Eating addiction", rather than "food addiction", better captures addictive-like eating behavior

Copyright © 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. This review has been compiled by scientists of the NeuroFAST consortium (The Integrated Neurobiology of Food Intake, Addiction and Stress; www.neurofast.eu), a research program that aims to reveal neurobiological and psychological mechanisms underlying habit-forming addictive processes related to the overconsumption of highly palatable food. The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no. 245009.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Microneedle/nanoencapsulation-mediated transdermal delivery : mechanistic insights

A systematic study was undertaken to gain more insight into the mechanism of transdermal delivery of nanoencapsulated model dyes across microneedle (MN)-treated skin, a complex process not yet explored. Rhodamine B (Rh B) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as model hydrophilic and hydrophobic small/medium-size molecules, respectively, were encapsulated in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) and delivered through full thickness porcine skin pretreated with MN array. Permeation through MN-treated skin was affected by physicochemical characteristics of NPs and the encapsulated dyes. Dye flux was enhanced by smaller particle size, hydrophilicity, and negative zeta potential of NPs. Regarding encapsulated dyes, solubility at physiological pH and potential interaction with skin proteins proved to outweigh molecular weight as determinants of skin permeation. Data were verified using confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging. Findings coupled with the literature data are supportive of a mechanism involving influx of NPs, particularly of smaller size, deep into MN-created channels, generating depot dye-rich reservoirs. Molecular diffusion of the released dye across viable skin layers proceeds at a rate determined by its molecular characteristics. Data obtained provide mechanistic information of importance to the development of formulation strategies for more effective intradermal and transdermal MN-mediated delivery of nanoencapsulated therapeutic agents
Spin-chain with PSU(2|2)xU(1)^3 and Non-linear Sigma-model with
  D(2,1;gamma)

We propose that the spin-chain with the PSU(2|2)xU(1)^3 symmetry is
equivalent to the non-linear sigma-model on PSU(2|2)xU(1)^3/{HxU(1)} with a
certain subgroup. To this end we show that the spin-variable of the former
theory is identified as the Killing scalar of the latter and their correlation
functions can have the same integrability. It is crucial to think that the
respective theory gets the PSU(2|2)xU(1)^3 symmetry by a symmetry reduction the
exceptional supergroup D(2,1;gamma), rather than by an extension of PSU(2|2).Comment: 13 pages, v2: typos corrected, published versio
The 3-Loop Non-Singlet Heavy Flavor Contributions to the Structure
  Function g_1(x,Q^2) at Large Momentum Transfer

We calculate the massive flavor non-singlet Wilson coefficient for the heavy
flavor contributions to the polarized structure function $g_1(x,Q^2)$ in the
asymptotic region $Q^2 \gg m^2$ to 3-loop order in Quantum Chromodynamics at
general values of the Mellin variable $N$ and the momentum fraction $x$, and
derive heavy flavor corrections to the Bjorken sum-rule. Numerical results are
presented for the charm quark contribution. Results on the structure function
$g_2(x,Q^2)$ in the twist-2 approximation are also given.Comment: 29 pages, 8 Figure
Implicit action encoding influences personal-trait judgments.

When an observed action (e.g., kicking) is compatible to a to be produced action (e.g., a foot-key response as compared to a finger-key response), then the self-produced action is more fluent, that is, it is more accurate and faster. A series of experiments explore the notion that vision-action compatibility effects can influence personal-trait judgments. It is demonstrated that when an observed individual carries out an action that is compatible with the participants' response, (1) this individual is identified more fluently, and (2) the observed individual's personality is attributed with the properties of the observed action. For example, if it is easier to identify one individual with a foot-response when he is seen kicking a ball, as compared to typing, he is perceived to be more 'sporty'. In contrast, if it is easier to identify one individual with a finger response when he is seen typing as compared to kicking a ball, he is associated with the 'academic' trait. These personal-trait judgment effects can be observed with explicit measures, where participants are asked to rate the sporty/academic nature of the person on a scale. They are also obtained when implicit measures are taken in a priming task, where participants are never explicitly asked to rate the personalities of the individuals. A control experiment rules out that these personal-trait effects are merely due to an association of motor responses (foot, finger) to individuals while identifying them, but that these effects depend on a prior manipulation of vision-action fluency
Models for CO2 injection with coupled thermal processes

Large-scale models of carbon dioxide (CO2) storage in geological formations must capture the relevant physical, chemical and thermodynamic processes that affect the migration and ultimate fate of injected CO2. These processes should be modeled over the appropriate length and time scales. Some important mechanisms include convection- driven dissolution, caprock roughness, and local capillary effects, all of which can impact the direction and speed of the plume as well as long-term trapping efficiency. In addition, CO2 can be injected at a different temperature than reservoir conditions, leading to significant density variation within the plume over space and time. This impacts buoyancy and migration patterns, which becomes particularly important for injection sites with temperature and pressure conditions near the critical point. Therefore, coupling thermal processes with fluid flow should be considered in order to correctly capture plume migration and trapping within the reservoir. This study focuses on compositional non- isothermal flow using 3D and vertically upscaled models. The model concept is demonstrated on simple systems. In addition, we explore CO2 thermodynamic models for reliable prediction of density under different injection pressures, temperatures and composition
Search for top quark decays t → qH with H → γγ using the ATLAS detector

A search is performed for flavour-changing neutral currents in the decay of a top quark to an up-type (c, u) quark and a Higgs boson, where the Higgs boson decays to two photons. The proton-proton collision data set used corresponds to 4.7 fb−1 at s√ = 7TeV and 20.3fb−1 at s√ = 8TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Top quark pair events are searched for in which one top quark decays to qH and the other decays to bW. Both the hadronic and the leptonic decay modes of the W boson are used. No significant signal is observed and an upper limit is set on the t → qH branching ratio of 0.79 at the 95% confidence level. The corresponding limit on the tqH coupling combination √λ2tcH+λ2tuH is 0.17
Development of local and regional forest based bioenergy in Norway – supply networks, financial support and political commitment

This paper explore reasons and explanations of growth of new bioenergy firms in Norway: Norwegian authorities have a stated goal of doubling the use of bioenergy by 2020, as both a way of developing the renewable energy sector and providing opportunities for rural employment. However studies shows that there are difficulties concerning the profitability in the sector. We approach the question from a supply chain perspective using a comparative case method. Five cases representing small to medium sized supply chains (1–5 MW) for local heating selected from three geographical regions are studied. The focal firms in the supply chains normally specialize in one or two stages in the chain, for example fuel manufacturing and heat production. In all cases national funding was a critical factor and were directed to various stages in the chains and infrastructure. Also, local political involvement was vital for the establishment of the chains.. Moreover, economies of scope and links to supply chains outside bioenergy were essential. In fact, bioenergy providers drew their main income from other sources and may therefore tolerate sparse income from bioenergy for a period. Hence, the answer to the question of why bioenergy supply increases despite poor profitability seems to be actors’ pluriactivity backed by local political engagement and adequate economic support schemes at national level
Search for microscopic black holes and string balls in final states with leptons and jets with the ATLAS detector at √s = 8 TeV

A search for an excess of events with multiple high transverse momentum objects including charged leptons and jets is presented, using 20.3 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2012 at a centre-of-mass energy of s√ = 8 TeV. No excess of events beyond Standard Model expectations is observed. Using extra-dimensional models for black hole and string ball production and decay, exclusion contours are determined as a function of the mass threshold for production and the fundamental gravity scale for two, four and six extra dimensions. For six extra dimensions, mass thresholds of 4.8-6.2 TeV are excluded at 95 % confidence level, depending on the fundamental gravity scale and model assumptions. Upper limits on the fiducial cross-sections for non-Standard Model production of these final states are set
Rapid early Holocene sea-level rise in Prydz Bay, East Antarctica

Prydz Bay is one of the largest embayments on the East Antarctic coast and it is the discharge point for approximately 16 % of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Geological constraints on the regional ice sheet history include evidence of past relative sea-level change at three sites; the Vestfold Hills, Rauer Islands and Larsemann Hills. In this paper we compile updated regional relative sea-level data from these sites. We compare these with a suite of relative sea-level predictions derived from glacial isostatic adjustment models and discuss the significance of departures between the models and the field evidence. The compiled geological data extend the relative sea-level curve for this region to 11258 cal yr BP and include new constraints based on abandoned penguin colonies, new isolation basin data in the Vestfold Hills, validation of a submarine relative sea-level constraint in the Rauer Islands and recalibrated radiocarbon ages at all sites dating from 12728 cal yr BP. The field data show rapid increases in rates of relative sea level rise of 12-48 mm/yr between 10473 (or 9678) and 9411 cal yr BP in the Vestfold Hills and of 8.8 mm/yr between 8882 and 8563 cal yr BP in the Larsemann Hills. The relative sea-level high stands of ≥ 8.8 m from 9411 to after 7564 cal yr BP (Vestfold Hills) and ≥ 8 m at 8563 and 7066 cal yr BP (Larsemann Hills) are over-predicted by some of the glacial isostatic adjustment models considered here, suggesting that assumptions relating to the magnitude and timing of regional ice loss since the Last Glacial Maximum may need revising. In the Vestfold Hills and Rauer Islands the final deglacial sea-level rise was almost exactly cancelled out by local rebound between 9411-5967 cal yr BP and this was followed by a near exponential decay in relative sea-level. In the Larsemann Hills the sea-level data suggest that the rate of ice retreat in this region was not uniform throughout the Holocene. Swath bathymetric surveys of the benthic seafloor topography show the presence of multiple offshore basins. These are a priority for further study as those free of grounded ice should provide precise constraints on relative sea-level rise and ice sheet history during the most rapid phases of the last major deglaciation
Microstructural imaging of high repetition rate ultrafast laser written LiTaO₃ waveguides

The microstructural changes associated with the formation of lithium tantalate waveguides after high repetition rate ultrafast laser inscription has been investigated by confocal micro-Raman experiments. While the laser beam focal volume is characterized by significant lattice damage, no reduction of Raman mode strength has been observed at the guiding region, suggesting the preservation of the nonlinear optical coefficient in the waveguide. A general blueshift of the Raman modes has been observed at the guiding region, suggesting lattice compression as the dominant mechanism of waveguide formation
W ′ signatures with odd Higgs particles

We point out that W ′ bosons may decay predominantly into Higgs particles associated with their broken gauge symmetry. We demonstrate this in a renormalizable model where the W ′ and W couplings to fermions differ only by an overall normalization. This “meta-sequential” W ′ boson decays into a scalar pair, with the charged one subsequently decaying into a W boson and a neutral scalar. These scalars are odd under a parity of the Higgs sector, which consists of a complex bidoublet and a doublet. The W ′ and Z ′ bosons have the same mass and branching fractions into scalars, and may show up at the LHC in final states involving one or two electroweak bosons and missing transverse energy
Hypergravity in AdS3

Thirty years ago Aragone and Deser showed that in three dimensions there exists a consistent model describing interaction for massless spin-2 and spin-5/2 fields. It was crucial that these fields lived in a flat Minkowski space and as a result it was not possible to deform such model into anti-de Sitter space. In this short note we show that such deformation becomes possible provided one compliment to the model with massless spin-4 field. Resulting theory can be considered as a Chern–Simons one with a well-known supergroup OSp(1,4) . Moreover, there exists a straightforward generalization to the OSp(1,2n) case containing a number of bosonic fields with even spins 2,4,…,2n and one fermionic field with spin n+1/2
Dark Z implication for flavor physics

Dark Z /dark photon ( Z ′ ) is one candidate of dark force carrier, which helps to interpret the properties of dark matter (DM). Other than conventional studies of DM including direct detection, indirect detection and collider simulation, in this work we take flavor physics as a complementary approach to investigate the features of dark matter. We give an exact calculation of the new type of penguin diagram induced by Z ′ which further modifies the well-known X, Y, Z functions in penguin-box expansion. The measurement of rare decays B → K (*) μ + μ − and B s → μ + μ − at LHC, together with direct CP violation ε ′ /ε in K → ππ as well as K L → μ + μ − , are used to determine the parameter space. The size of coupling constant, however, is found to be O 1 $$ \mathcal{O}(1) $$ which is much weaker than the known constraints
Comparison of Raman-scattering and Shubnikov–de Haas measurements to determine charge density in doped semiconductors

4 pages, 3 figures.-- PACS: 78.30.Fs; 72.20.My;\ud
73.61.Ey; 71.20.Nr; 78.66.Fd; 63.20.Ls; 72.80.EyWe have verified the accuracy of free-charge determinations from Raman scattering in doped semiconductors by comparing the results obtained from phonon–plasmon coupled-mode line-shape fits with the charge-density values extracted from the analysis of the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations. The experiments were carried out on n-InP layers, and conduction band nonparabolicity was included both in the Lindhard–Mermin model used to fit the Raman spectra and in the Shubnikov–de Haas analysis. We find a very good agreement between Raman and magnetotransport results, which confirms the reliability of the charge-density determination from Raman-scattering measurements when the line-shape analysis is carried out using the Lindhard–Mermin model.The authors wish to acknowledge financial support from\ud
the Spanish Ministry of Science and Technology.Peer reviewe
Sarcoptes-World Molecular Network (Sarcoptes-WMN): Integrating research on scabies

Parasites threaten human and animal health globally. It is estimated that more than 60% of people on planet Earth carry at least one parasite, many of them several different species. Unfortunately, parasite studies suffer from duplications and inconsistencies between different investigator groups. Hence, groups need to collaborate in an integrated manner in areas including parasite control, improved therapy strategies, diagnostic and surveillance tools, and public awareness. Parasite studies will be better served if there is coordinated management of field data and samples across multidisciplinary approach plans, among academic and non-academic organizations worldwide. In this paper we report the first 'Living organism-World Molecular Network', with the cooperation of 167 parasitologists from 88 countries on all continents. This integrative approach, the 'Sarcoptes-World Molecular Network', seeks to harmonize Sarcoptes epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and molecular studies from all over the world, with the aim of decreasing mite infestations in humans and animals. © 2011 International Society for Infectious Diseases.Peer Reviewe