pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Identifying the production process of new physics at colliders;
  symmetric or asymmetric?

We propose a class of kinematic variables, which is a smooth generalization
of min-max type mass variables such as the Cambridge-$M_{T2}$ and $M_2$, for
measuring a mass spectrum of intermediate resonances in a semi-invisibly
decaying pair production. While kinematic endpoints of min-max type mass
variables are only sensitive to a heavier resonance mass, kinematic endpoints
of new variables are sensitive to all masses. These new mass variables can be
used to resolve a mass spectrum, so that if the true mass spectrum is
asymmetric, then the kinematic endpoints are separate while the endpoints are
the same for the symmetric true mass spectrum. We demonstrate the behavior of
kinematic endpoint of these new variables in pair production of two-body and
three-body decays with one invisible particle.Comment: 19 pages, 10 figures, updated to the published version in JHE
Killing superalgebras for Lorentzian four-manifolds

We determine the Killing superalgebras underpinning field theories with rigid
unextended supersymmetry on Lorentzian four-manifolds by re-interpreting them
as filtered deformations of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded subalgebras with maximum odd
dimension of the $N{=}1$ Poincar\'e superalgebra in four dimensions. Part of
this calculation involves computing a Spencer cohomology group which, by
analogy with a similar result in eleven dimensions, prescribes a notion of
Killing spinor, which we identify with the defining condition for bosonic
supersymmetric backgrounds of minimal off-shell supergravity in four
dimensions. We prove that such Killing spinors always generate a Lie
superalgebra, and that this Lie superalgebra is a filtered deformation of a
subalgebra of the $N{=}1$ Poincar\'e superalgebra in four dimensions. Demanding
the flatness of the connection defining the Killing spinors, we obtain
equations satisfied by the maximally supersymmetric backgrounds. We solve these
equations, arriving at the classification of maximally supersymmetric
backgrounds whose associated Killing superalgebras are precisely the filtered
deformations we classify in this paper.Comment: 36 pages (v2: final version to appear in JHEP
Gauge theories of Partial Compositeness: Scenarios for Run-II of the LHC

We continue our investigation of gauge theories in which the Higgs boson
arises as a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson (pNGB) and top-partners arise as bound
states of three hyperfermions. All models have additional pNGBs in their
spectrum that should be accessible at LHC. We analyze the patterns of symmetry
breaking and present all relevant couplings of the pNGBs with the gauge fields.
We discuss how vacuum misalignment and a mass for the pNGBs is generated by a
loop-induced potential. Finally, we paint a very broad, qualitative, picture of
the kind of experimental signatures these models give rise to, setting the
stage for further analysis.Comment: 29 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. V2: Improvements in the presentation
  of Section 3 and Appendix A. Explanatory tables and figures added. Figure 1
  (right) corrected. Version to appear on JHE
Large N Correlation Functions in Superconformal Field Theories

We compute correlation functions of chiral primary operators in N=2
superconformal theories at large N using a construction based on supersymmetric
localization recently developed by Gerchkovitz et al. We focus on N=4 SYM as
well as on superconformal QCD. In the case of N=4 we recover the free field
theory results as expected due to non-renormalization theorems. In the case of
superconformal QCD we study the planar expansion in the large N limit. The
final correlators admit a simple generalization to a finite N formula which
exactly matches the various small $N$ results in the literature.Comment: 34 pages, no figure
Novel Collider and Dark Matter Phenomenology of a Top-philic Z'

We consider extending the Standard Model by including an additional Abelian
gauge group broken at low energies under which the right-handed top quark is
the only effectively charged Standard Model fermion. The associated gauge boson
$(Z')$ is then naturally top-philic and couples only to the rest of the SM
particle content at loop-level or via kinetic mixing with the hypercharge gauge
boson which is assumed to be small. Working at the effective theory level, we
demonstrate that such a minimal extension allows for an improved fitting of the
$\sim 2\sigma$ excess observed in $t\bar{t}h$ searches at the LHC in a region
of parameter space that satisfies existing collider constraints. We also
present the reach of the LHC at 13 TeV in constraining the relevant region of
parameter space. Additionally we show that within the same framework a suitably
chosen fermion charged only under the exotic Abelian group can, in the region
of parameter space preferred by the $\bar{t}th$ measurements, simultaneously
explain the dark matter relic density and the $\gamma$-ray excess at the
galactic center observed by the Fermi-LAT experiment.Comment: 30 pages, 11 figures; v2: version published in JHE
A Proof of the Conformal Collider Bounds

In this paper, we prove that the "conformal collider bounds" originally
proposed by Hofman and Maldacena hold for any unitary parity-preserving
conformal field theory (CFT) with a unique stress tensor in spacetime
dimensions larger than 2. In particular this implies that the ratio of central
charges for a unitary 4d CFT lies in the interval $\frac{31}{18} \geq
\frac{a}{c} \geq \frac{1}{3}$. For superconformal theories this is further
reduced to $\frac{3}{2} \geq \frac{a}{c} \geq \frac{1}{2}$. The proof relies
only on CFT first principles - in particular, bootstrap methods - and thus
constitutes the first complete field theory proof of these bounds. We further
elaborate on similar bounds for non-conserved currents and relate them to
results obtained recently from deep inelastic scattering.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figure
The Arithmetic of Elliptic Fibrations in Gauge Theories on a Circle

The geometry of elliptic fibrations translates to the physics of gauge
theories in F-theory. We systematically develop the dictionary between
arithmetic structures on elliptic curves as well as desingularized elliptic
fibrations and symmetries of gauge theories on a circle. We show that the
Mordell-Weil group law matches integral large gauge transformations around the
circle in Abelian gauge theories and explain the significance of Mordell-Weil
torsion in this context. We also use Higgs transitions and circle large gauge
transformations to introduce a group law for genus-one fibrations with
multi-sections. Finally, we introduce a novel arithmetic structure on elliptic
fibrations with non-Abelian gauge groups in F-theory. It is defined on the set
of exceptional divisors resolving the singularities and divisor classes of
sections of the fibration. This group structure can be matched with certain
integral non-Abelian large gauge transformations around the circle when
studying the theory on the lower-dimensional Coulomb branch. Its existence is
required by consistency with Higgs transitions from the non-Abelian theory to
its Abelian phases in which it becomes the Mordell-Weil group. This hints
towards the existence of a new underlying geometric symmetry.Comment: 43 pages, 3 figure
Chasing the cuprates with dilatonic dyons

Magnetic field and momentum dissipation are key ingredients in describing
condensed matter systems. We include them in gauge/gravity and systematically
explore the bottom-up panorama of holographic IR effective field theories based
on bulk Einstein-Maxwell Lagrangians plus scalars. The class of solutions here
examined appear insufficient to capture the phenomenology of charge transport
in the cuprates. We analyze in particular the temperature scaling of the
resistivity and of the Hall angle. Keeping an open attitude, we illustrate weak
and strong points of the approach.Comment: 30 pages, 2 figures, Version to appear in JHE
$B\to K^* \ell^+ \ell^-$ decays at large recoil in the Standard Model: a
  theoretical reappraisal

We critically reassess the theoretical uncertainties in the Standard Model
calculation of the $B \to K^* \ell^+ \ell^-$ observables, focusing on the low
$q^2$ region. We point out that even optimized observables are affected by
sizable uncertainties, since hadronic contributions generated by
current-current operators with charm are difficult to estimate, especially for
$q^2 \sim 4 m_c^2\simeq 6.8$ GeV$^2$. We perform a detailed numerical analysis
and present both predictions and results from the fit obtained using most
recent data. We find that non-factorizable power corrections of the expected
order of magnitude are sufficient to give a good description of current
experimental data within the Standard Model. We discuss in detail the $q^2$
dependence of the corrections and their possible interpretation as shifts of
the Standard Model Wilson coefficients.Comment: 33 pages, 7 figures, 11 tables. v2: fixed numerical error in S4 and
  typos; added discussion of the impact of future measurements; conclusions
  unchange
Hydro-elastic Complementarity in Black Branes at large D

We obtain the effective theory for the non-linear dynamics of black
branes---both neutral and charged, in asymptotically flat or Anti-deSitter
spacetimes---to leading order in the inverse-dimensional expansion. We find
that black branes evolve as viscous fluids, but when they settle down they are
more naturally viewed as solutions of an elastic soap-bubble theory. The two
views are complementary: the same variable is regarded in one case as the
energy density of the fluid, in the other as the deformation of the elastic
membrane. The large-D theory captures finite-wavelength phenomena beyond the
conventional reach of hydrodynamics. For asymptotically flat charged black
branes (either Reissner-Nordstrom or p-brane-charged black branes) it yields
the non-linear evolution of the Gregory-Laflamme instability at large D and its
endpoint at stable non-uniform black branes. For Reissner-Nordstrom AdS black
branes we find that sound perturbations do not propagate (have purely imaginary
frequency) when their wavelength is below a certain charge-dependent value. We
also study the polarization of black branes induced by an external electric
field.Comment: 26 pages. v2: 33 pages. Appendix added with a systematic derivation
  of the effective equations. v3: 34 pages. Expanded introductio
Holographic Conformal Partial Waves as Gravitational Open Wilson
  Networks

We propose a method to holographically compute the conformal partial waves in
any decomposition of correlation functions of primary operators in conformal
field theories using open Wilson network operators in the holographic
gravitational dual. The Wilson operators are the gravitational ones where
gravity is written as a gauge theory in the first order Hilbert-Palatini
formalism. We apply this method to compute the global conformal blocks and
partial waves in 2d CFTs reproducing many of the known results.Comment: 33 pages, 5 figure
Scanning of the Supersymmetry Breaking Scale and the Gravitino Mass in
  Supergravity

We consider the minimal three-form ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity coupled to
nilpotent three-form chiral superfields. The supersymmetry breaking is sourced
by the three-forms of the chiral multiplets, while the value of the gravitino
mass is controlled by the three-form of the supergravity multiplet. The
three-forms can nucleate membranes which scan both the supersymmetry breaking
scale and the gravitino mass. The peculiar supergravity feature that the
cosmological constant is the sum of a positive contribution from the
supersymmetry breaking scale and a negative contribution from the gravitino
mass makes the cosmological constant jump. This can lead to a
phenomenologically allowed small value of the cosmological constant even though
the supersymmetry breaking scale and the gravitino mass are dynamically large.Comment: 18 pages, 2 figures, JHEP version, citations adde
Analytic and Monte Carlo Studies of Jets with Heavy Mesons and Quarkonia

We study jets with identified hadrons in which a family of jet-shape
variables called angularities are measured, extending the concept of
fragmenting jet functions (FJFs) to these observables. FJFs determine the
fraction of energy, z, carried by an identified hadron in a jet with
angularity, \tau_a. The FJFs are convolutions of fragmentation functions (FFs),
evolved to the jet energy scale, with perturbatively calculable matching
coefficients. Renormalization group equations are used to provide resummed
calculations with next-to-leading logarithm prime (NLL') accuracy. We apply
this formalism to two-jet events in e^+ e^- collisions with B mesons in the
jets, and three-jet events in which a J/\psi is produced in the gluon jet. In
the case of B mesons, we use a phenomenological FF extracted from e^+ e^-
collisions at the Z^0 pole evaluated at the scale \mu = m_b. For events with
J/\psi, the FF can be evaluated in terms of Non-Relativistic QCD (NRQCD) matrix
elements at the scale \mu =2 m_c. The z and \tau_a distributions from our NLL'
calculations are compared with predictions from monte carlo event generators.
While we find consistency between the predictions for B mesons and the J/\psi
distributions in \tau_a, we find the z distributions for J/\psi differ
significantly. We describe an attempt to merge PYTHIA showers with NRQCD FFs
that gives good agreement with NLL' calculations of the z distributions.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures, several minor revisions, version published in
  JHE
Renormalization group evolution of the universal theories EFT

The conventional oblique parameters analyses of precision electroweak data
can be consistently cast in the modern framework of the Standard Model
effective field theory (SMEFT) when restrictions are imposed on the SMEFT
parameter space so that it describes universal theories. However, the
usefulness of such analyses is challenged by the fact that universal theories
at the scale of new physics, where they are matched onto the SMEFT, can flow to
nonuniversal theories with renormalization group (RG) evolution down to the
electroweak scale, where precision observables are measured. The departure from
universal theories at the electroweak scale is not arbitrary, but dictated by
the universal parameters at the matching scale. But to define oblique
parameters, and more generally universal parameters at the electroweak scale
that directly map onto observables, additional prescriptions are needed for the
treatment of RG-induced nonuniversal effects. We perform a RG analysis of the
SMEFT description of universal theories, and discuss the impact of RG on
simplified, universal-theories-motivated approaches to fitting precision
electroweak and Higgs data.Comment: 25 pages + appendices and references, 2 figures, 3 table
Exact relations between M2-brane theories with and without Orientifolds

We study partition functions of low-energy effective theories of M2-branes,
whose type IIB brane constructions include orientifolds. We mainly focus on
circular quiver superconformal Chern-Simons theory on $S^3$, whose gauge group
is $O(2N+1)\times USp(2N)\times \cdots \times O(2N+1)\times USp(2N)$. This
theory is the natural generalization of the $\mathcal{N}=5$ ABJM theory with
the gauge group $O(2N+1)_{2k} \times USp(2N)_{-k}$. We find that the partition
function of this type of theory has a simple relation to the one of the
M2-brane theory without the orientifolds, whose gauge group is $U(N)\times
\cdots \times U(N)$. By using this relation, we determine an exact form of the
grand partition function of the $O(2N+1)_{2} \times USp(2N)_{-1}$ ABJM theory,
where its supersymmetry is expected to be enhanced to $\mathcal{N}=6$. As
another interesting application, we discuss that our result gives a natural
physical interpretation of a relation between the grand partition functions of
the $U(N+1)_4 \times U(N)_{-4}$ ABJ theory and $U(N)_2 \times U(N)_{-2}$ ABJM
theory, recently conjectured by Grassi-Hatsuda-Mari\~no. We also argue that
partition functions of $\hat{A}_3$ quiver theories have representations in
terms of an ideal Fermi gas systems associated with $\hat{D}$-type quiver
theories and this leads an interesting relation between certain $U(N)$ and
$USp(2N)$ supersymmetric gauge theories.Comment: 18+11 pages, 5 figures; v5: typos correcte
Partially Natural Two Higgs Doublet Models

It is possible that the electroweak scale is low due to the fine-tuning of
microscopic parameters, which can result from selection effects. The
experimental discovery of new light fundamental scalars other than the Standard
Model Higgs boson would seem to disfavor this possibility, since generically
such states imply parametrically worse fine-tuning with no compelling
connection to selection effects. We discuss counterexamples where the Higgs
boson is light because of fine-tuning, and a second scalar doublet is light
because a discrete symmetry relates its mass to the mass of the Standard Model
Higgs boson. Our examples require new vectorlike fermions at the electroweak
scale, and the models possess a rich electroweak vacuum structure. The
mechanism that we discuss does not protect a small CP-odd Higgs mass in split
or high-scale supersymmetry-breaking scenarios of the MSSM due to an
incompatibility between the discrete symmetries and holomorphy.Comment: 31 pages, 4 figures. v2: refs updated, accepted for publication in
  JHE
$A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ Model for the Lepton Flavor Structure and the
  Strong $CP$ Problem

We present a model with $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ lepton flavor symmetry which
explains the origin of the lepton flavor structure and also solves the strong
$CP$ problem. Standard model gauge singlet fields, so-called "flavons", charged
under the $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry are introduced and are coupled with
the lepton and the Higgs sectors. The flavon vacuum expectation values (VEVs)
trigger spontaneous breaking of the $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry. The
breaking pattern of the $A_4$ accounts for the tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing
and the deviation from it due to the non-zero $\theta_{13}$ angle, and the
breaking of the $U(1)_{PQ}$ gives rise to a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson,
axion, whose VEV cancels the QCD $\theta$ term. We investigate the breaking of
the $A_4 \times U(1)_{PQ}$ symmetry through an analysis on the scalar potential
and further discuss the properties of the axion in the model, including its
decay constant, mass and coupling with photons. It is shown that the axion
decay constant is related with the right-handed neutrino mass through the
flavon VEVs. Experimental constraints on the axion and their implications are
also studied.Comment: 13 pages, final version, minor modification
Untwisting the Pure Spinor Formalism to the RNS and Twistor String in a
  Flat and $AdS_5\times S^5$ Background

The pure spinor formalism for the superstring can be formulated as a twisted
N=2 worldsheet theory with fermionic generators $j_{BRST}$ and composite $b$
ghost. After untwisting the formalism to an N=1 worldsheet theory with
fermionic stress tensor $j_{BRST}+b$, the worldsheet variables combine into N=1
worldsheet superfields $X^m$ and $\Theta^\alpha$ together with a superfield
constraint relating $DX^m$ and $D\Theta^\alpha$. The constraint implies that
the worldsheet superpartner of $\theta^\alpha$ is a bosonic twistor variable,
and different solutions of the constraint give rise to the pure spinor or
extended RNS formalisms, as well as a new twistor-string formalism with
manifest N=1 worldsheet supersymmetry.
  These N=1 worldsheet methods generalize in curved Ramond-Ramond backgrounds,
and a manifestly N=1 worldsheet supersymmetric action is proposed for the
superstring in an $AdS_5\times S^5$ background in terms of the twistor
superfields. This $AdS_5\times S^5$ worldsheet action is a remarkably simple
fermionic coset model with manifest $PSU(2,2|4)$ symmetry and might be useful
for computing $AdS_5\times S^5$ superstring scattering amplitudes.Comment: 30 pages. Corrected typos, added 2 footnotes, and dedicated paper to
  Mario Toni
The 750 GeV diphoton resonance as an sgoldstino: a reappraisal

Among the various explanations of the possible 750 GeV diphoton resonance,
the possibility of it being an sgoldstino is an attractive one, as it is
related to the spontaneous breaking of global supersymmetry. We discuss this
possibility in this paper and point out the various theoretical issues
associated with it. In particular, we indicate the difficulties of this
explanation in realistic models of gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking.Comment: Minor changes from the previous version, to appear in JHE
Quiver Theories for Moduli Spaces of Classical Group Nilpotent Orbits

We approach the topic of Classical group nilpotent orbits from the
perspective of their moduli spaces, described in terms of Hilbert series and
generating functions. We review the established Higgs and Coulomb branch quiver
theory constructions for A series nilpotent orbits. We present systematic
constructions for BCD series nilpotent orbits on the Higgs branches of quiver
theories defined by canonical partitions; this paper collects earlier work into
a systematic framework, filling in gaps and providing a complete treatment. We
find new Coulomb branch constructions for above minimal nilpotent orbits,
including some based upon twisted affine Dynkin diagrams. We also discuss
aspects of 3d mirror symmetry between these Higgs and Coulomb branch
constructions and explore dualities and other relationships, such as
HyperKahler quotients, between quivers. We analyse all Classical group
nilpotent orbit moduli spaces up to rank 4 by giving their unrefined Hilbert
series and the Highest Weight Generating functions for their decompositions
into characters of irreducible representations and/or Hall Littlewood
polynomials.Comment: 67 pages, 11 figure
Tachyons in Classical de Sitter Vacua

We revisit the possibility of de Sitter vacua and slow-roll inflation in type
II string theory at the level of the classical two-derivative supergravity
approximation. Previous attempts at explicit constructions were plagued by
ubiquitous tachyons with a large $\eta$ parameter whose origin has not been
fully understood so far. In this paper, we determine and explain the tachyons
in two setups that are known to admit unstable dS critical points: an SU(3)
structure compactification of massive type IIA with O6-planes and an SU(2)
structure compactification of type IIB with O5/O7-planes. We explicitly show
that the tachyons are always close to, but never fully aligned with the
sgoldstino direction in the considered examples and argue that this behavior is
explained by a generalized version of a no-go theorem by Covi et al, which
holds in the presence of large mixing in the mass matrix between the sgoldstino
and the orthogonal moduli. This observation may also provide a useful stability
criterion for general dS vacua in supergravity and string theory.Comment: 24 pages + appendi
Framing and localization in Chern-Simons theories with matter

Supersymmetric localization provides exact results that should match QFT
computations in some regularization scheme. The agreement is particularly
subtle in three dimensions where complex answers from localization procedure
sometimes arise. We investigate this problem by studying the expectation value
of the 1/6 BPS Wilson loop in planar ABJ(M) theory at three loops in
perturbation theory. We reproduce the corresponding term in the localization
result and argue that it originates entirely from a non-trivial framing of the
circular contour. Contrary to pure Chern-Simons theory, we point out that for
ABJ(M) the framing phase is a non-trivial function of the couplings and that it
potentially receives contributions from vertex-like diagrams. Finally, we
briefly discuss the intimate link between the exact framing factor and the
Bremsstrahlung function of the 1/2-BPS cusp.Comment: 24 pages, 7 figures; v2: published versio