pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
CP Violation Studies at Tevatron

4 pages. Talk given at BEACH 2006, Lancaster, EnglandInternational audienceWe present an overview of a few recent results related to CP-violation from the Tevatron. First, we discuss a measurement of the dimuon charge asymmetry from D\O\ , that extracts the CP-violation parameter of $\Bo$ mixing and decay. This is followed by the CDF measurement of the CP-violating asymmetry in $\bdkpi$ decays. Finally we give the CDF result on the ratio $R = \frac{BR(B \rightarrow D^0 K)}{BR(B \rightarrow D^0 \pi)}
Residual thermoluminescence for sun-bleached quartz: dependence on pre-exposure radiation dose.

thermoluminescence, à paraître dans Quaternary GeochronologyQuartz grains zeroed by heat and subsequently irradiated - either in the laboratory, or naturally in volcanic deposits - were exposed to sunlight for several months prior to TL measurements. As a result, the residual TL, either Blue or Red, appeared to grow significantly with the radiation-dose experienced by the grains since zeroing. In another experiment, un-heated sedimentary quartz grains, sampled at the very surface of a coastal sand-dune, were irradiated and subsequently exposed to sunlight before TL measurements. The residual Red-TL still exhibited a strong dose-dependence, but at a level which was higher than the natural signal. Finally, it was concluded that the so-called “un-bleachable TL” is not a constant, intrinsic data, for a given quartz sample. Because the residual TL is strongly correlated to the radiation dose experienced since the last zeroing by heat, it can theoretically be quoted in terms of “dose”, as sometimes done. However, this raises the question of its correct evaluation, and, on the other hand, there is a risk of misinterpretation of its physical meaning in the case of un-heated sediments. In the context of sediment dating, the experimentally-estimated residual signal that is routinely subtracted from the total signal for palaeodose estimation is therefore higher than the signal that would have been measured prior to burial. Such effect induces an error which can be significant for Red TL. It can be corrected for, at least roughly, from experimental exploration of the dose-dependence of the residual T
Hyperprolinemia as a Clue in the Diagnosis of a Patient with Psychiatric Manifestations

Lately, microdeletions of the 22q region, responsible for DiGeorge syndrome or velocardiofacial syndrome, have been increasingly related to neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. These manifestations seem to be related to certain genes located in the hemideleted region such as the proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and the catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) genes. We describe a teenager who started his adolescent psychiatric care presenting cognitive impairment, irritable mood and aggressive behaviour with schizophrenia-like symptoms that scored 153 in the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS) assessment. Worsening of symptoms when the patient was treated with valproic acid, and plasma aminoacids showing an increase in alanine and proline, suggested a mitochondrial involvement of the proline metabolic pathway. Mild dysmorphic features also suggested a possible 22q11 deletion syndrome that was confirmed. A mutation for Hyperprolinemia type I was also detected. Knowledge of the correct diagnosis was crucial for an adequate treatment.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Evidence-based approach to the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa, based on the European guidelines for hidradenitis suppurativa

Hidradenitis suppurativa/acne inversa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by painful, recurrent nodules and abscesses that rupture and lead to sinus tracts and scarring. To date, an evidence-based therapeutic approach has not been the standard of care and this is likely due to the lack of evidence based treatment guidelines. The purpose of this study was to promote a holistic evidence-based approach which implemented Level of Evidence and Strength of Recommendation for the treatment of HS. Based upon the European Dermatology Forumguidelines for the management of HS, evidence-based approach was explored for the treatment of HS. The diagnosis of HS should be made by a dermatologist or other healthcare professional with expert knowledge in HS. All patients should be offered adjuvant therapy as needed (pain management, weight loss, tobacco cessation, treatment of super infections, and application of appropriate dressings). The treating physician should be familiar with disease severity scores, especially Hurley staging, physician global assessment and others. The routine use of patient’reported outcomesincluding DLQI, itch and pain assessment (Visual Analogue Scale) is strongly recommended. The need for surgical intervention should be assessed in all patients depending upon type and extent of scarring, and an evidence-based surgical approach should be implemented. Evidence-based medical treatment of mild disease consists of topical Clindamycin 1 % solution/gel b.i.d. for 12 weeks or Tetracycline 500 p.o. b.i.d. for 4 months (LOE IIb, SOR B), for more widespread disease. If patient fails to exhibit response to treatment or for a PGA of moderate-to-severe disease, Clindamycin 300 p.o. b.i.d. with Rifampicin 600 p.o. o.d. for 10 weeks (LOE III, SOR C) should be considered. If patient is not improved, then Adalimumab 160 mg at week 0, 80 mg at week 2; then 40 mg subcutaneously weekly should be administered (LOE Ib, SOR A). If improvement occurs then therapy should be maintained as long as HS lesions are present. If the patient fails to exhibit response, then consideration of second or third line therapy is required. A growing body of evidence is being published to guide the treatment of HS. HS therapy should be based upon the evaluation of the inflammatory components as well as the scarring and should be directed by evidence-based guidelines. Treatment should include surgery as well as medical treatment. Future studies should include benefit risk ratio analysis and long term assessment of efficacy and safety, in order to facilitate long term evidence based treatment and rational pharmacotherapy
Multi-centennial fluctuations of radionuclide production rates are modulated by the Earth's magnetic field

The production of cosmogenic isotopes offers a unique way to reconstruct solar activity during the Holocene. It is influenced by both the solar and Earth magnetic fields and thus their combined effect needs to be disentangled to infer past solar irradiance. Nowadays, it is assumed that the long-term variations of cosmogenic production are modulated by the geomagnetic field and that the solar field dominates over shorter wavelengths. In this process, the effects of the non-dipolar terms of the geomagnetic field are considered negligible. Here we analyse these assumptions and demonstrate that, for a constant solar modulation potential, the geomagnetic field exerts a strong modulation of multi-centennial to millennial wavelengths (periods of 800 and 2200 yr). Moreover, we demonstrate that the non-dipole terms derived from the harmonic degree 3 and above produce maximum differences of 7% in the global average radiocarbon production rate. The results are supported by the identification, for the first time, of a robust coherence between the production rates independently estimated from geomagnetic reconstructions and that inferred from natural archives. This implies the need to review past solar forcing reconstructions, with important implications both for the assessment of solar-climate relationships as well as for the present and future generation of paleoclimate models
A nonstandard wave decomposition to ensure the convergence of Debye series for modeling wave propagation in an immersed anisotropic elastic plate

When ultrasonic guided waves in an immersed plate are expressed as Debye series, they are considered as the result of successive reflections from the plate walls. Against all expectations, the Debye series can diverge for any geometry if inhomogeneous waves are involved in the problem. For an anisotropic elastic plate immersed in a fluid, this is the case if the incidence angle is greater than the first critical angle.Physically, this divergence can be explained by the energy coupling between two inhomogeneous waves of same kind of polarization, which are expressed by conjugate wavenumbers. Each of these latter inhomogeneous waves does not transfer energy but a linear combination of them can do it. Mathematically, this is due to the fact that inhomogeneous waves do not constitute a basis orthogonal in the sense of energy, contrarily to homogeneous waves. To avoid that difficulty, an orthogonalization of these inhomogeneous waves is required. Doing so, nonstandard upgoing and downgoing waves in the plate are introduced to ensure the convergence of the new Debye series written in the basis formed by these latter waves. The case of an aluminum plate immersed in water illustrates this study by giving numerical results and a detailed description of the latter nonstandard waves. The different reflection and refraction coefficients at each plate interface are analyzed in terms of Debye series convergence and of distribution of energy fluxes between the waves in the plate. From that investigation, an interesting physical phenomenon is described for one specific pair “angle of incidence/frequency”. For this condition, the quasi-energy brought by the incident harmonic plane wave crosses the plate without any conversion to reflected waves either at the first interface or at the second interface. In this zone, there is a perfect impedance matching between the fluid and the plate
Importance of nuclear data uncertainties in criticality calculations

The aim of this paper is to study the importance of nuclear data uncertainties in the prediction of the uncertainties in keff for LWR (Light Water Reactor) unit-cells. The first part of this work is focused on the comparison of different sensitivity/uncertainty propagation methodologies based on TSUNAMI and MCNP codes; this study is undertaken for a fresh-fuel at different operational conditions. The second part of this work studies the burnup effect where the indirect contribution due to the uncertainty of the isotopic evolution is also analyzed
Financing Utilities: How the Role of the European Investment Bank shifted from regional development to making markets

In the face of continuing financial and economic crises, the European Investment Bank (EIB) has been criticized for being overly-conservative in its loans to Europe. Critics in particular have called on the EIB to vastly increase its investment in utilities as a counter-cyclical measure. To take stock and, in order to evaluate the role of the EIB in financing utilities over time, we compile and analyze an original database of all EIB utilities project loans from 1958 to 2004. We find the EIB started out by functioning as a regional development bank, prioritizing utilities finance in its members’ poorer zones; however, energy crises in the 1970s marked a shift whereby the logic of EIB finance to utilities became more politically-oriented. By the 1980s, utilities projects supported by the EIB were intimately related to those required for the Single Market. The origins of the EIB’s current conservative approach to utilities loans was born in the 1970s and fully consolidated by the 1990s.
Detection of VUV photons with large-area avalanche photodiodes

The room-temperature response of large-area avalanche photodiodes (LAAPDs) to 128- and 172-nm light pulses is investigated. The minimum detectable number of photons, which can produce a signal just above the noise level, is found to be around 1300 and 600 photons, respectively. The LAAPD relative statistical fluctuations in the detection of 15 000 photons of 128 nm and 25 500 photons of 172 nm were found to be about 3.9% and 2.2%, respectively. Both the minimum detectable number of photons and statistical fluctuations do not depend on the photon wavelength, but rather on the number of charge carriers produced by the light pulse in the LAAPD. For these light levels, good LAAPD performance is already achieved for gains as low as 30 to 60.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-005-1886-
Binary Diffusion Coefficients for Aqueous Solutions of Lactic Acid

Taylor dispersion equipment installed at the University of Coimbra for the measurement of diffusion in liquids has been tested to ensure adequate accuracy and precision by measuring mutual diffusion coefficients for binary aqueous solutions of sucrose, glycine, lithium chloride, potassium chloride, and hydrochloric acid at 298.15 K. In addition, binary mutual diffusion coefficients for aqueous solutions of lactic acid (not previously reported in the literature) have been measured at 298.15 and 303.15 K and concentrations up to 0.20 mol-dm-3.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10953-005-6987-
Neurofilament proteins in neurodegenerative diseases

The function of neurofilaments, the major component in large myelinated neurons, is not well understood even though they were discovered as structures over 100 years ago. Recent studies have suggested that neuro-filaments are closely related to many neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson disease Alzheimer disease, and diabetes. Using in vitro assays, cultures and transgenic mice, these studies provided new insights into neurofilament function. The function of each subunit, the relationship of neurofilaments with other cytoskeletal elements and their clinical significance are topics of increasing attention.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-004-4268-
Contact sensitizers downregulate the expression of the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR4 in a skin dendritic cell line

Chemokines are involved in the control of dendritic cell (DC) trafficking, which is critical for the immune response, namely in allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). In this work, we investigated by flow cytometry the effect of the contact sensitizers 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), 1,4-phenylenediamine (PPD) and nickel sulfate (NiSO4), on the surface expression of the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR4 in DC. As an experimental model of a DC we used a fetal skin-derived dendritic cell line (FSDC), which has morphological, phenotypical and functional characteristics of skin DC. Our results show that all the skin sensitizers studied decreased the membrane expression of the chemokine receptors CCR6 and CXCR4. In contrast, 2,4-dichloronitrobenzene (DCNB), the inactive analogue of DNFB without contact sensitizing properties, was without effect on the surface expression of these receptors. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which induces the maturation of DC, also reduced surface CCR6 and CXCR4 expression.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00403-005-0574-
Assessment of global cardiovascular risk and risk factors in Portugal according to the SCORE® model

Abstract Background/objective  Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in European countries. This study aimed at estimating the 10-year risk of fatal CVD in Portuguese adults and to assess the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors, according to the SCORE® risk prediction system.    Subjects and methods  A cross-sectional survey was carried out in 60 community pharmacies (CP) from October 2005 to January 2006 in a sample of CP users (=40 and =65 years). Data were collected by patient interviews using a structured questionnaire applied by a trained pharmacist.    Results  A total of 1,043 individuals were enrolled in the study (participation rate: 91%). The mean age was 53.7 years (SD: 7.1) with a ratio men/women of 0.68. The average risk in the sample was 1.94 (minimum 0, maximum 28, SD?=2.69). About 20% of the studied adults were at high risk, of which 39.4% were asymptomatic. CV risk was significantly higher in the oldest age group and in men (p?<?0.05). The prevalence of main CV risk factors was: hypertension-54.8%; hypercholesterolemia-63.1%, diabetes-13.4%; smoking-10.4% and obesity–29.0%. About 1/3 of those asked had family history of premature CVD. Mean values of biochemical and clinical parameters were: systolic blood pressure (mmHg): 134.8?±?19.7; diastolic blood pressure (mmHg): 81.0?±?11.4; total cholesterol (mg/dl): 193.8?±?34.6; body mass index (kg/m2): 28.0?±?4.5.    Conclusions  According to SCORE®, about one-fifth of the individuals was classified as high risk, and 7.7% was asymptomatic. CV risk was significantly higher in the oldest age group (55–65 years old) and in men (p?<?0.05). These results show a high prevalence of some risk factors, particularly hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10389-008-0183-
Soil recovery after removal of the N2-fixing invasive  Acacia longifolia : consequences for ecosystem restoration

Abstract  Invasion by Acacia longifolia alters soil characteristics and processes. The present study was conducted to determine if the changes in soil C and N pools and processes induced by A. longifolia persist after its removal, at the São Jacinto Dunes Nature Reserve (Portugal). Some areas had been invaded for a long time (>20 years) and others more recently (<10 years). For each type of invasion, (i.e., long-invaded and recently invaded), three treatments were used: (1) A. longifolia left intact; (2) A. longifolia was removed; and (3) both A. longifolia and litter layer were removed. Soil samples were collected once a year for four and half years and analysed for chemical and microbial properties. In general, microbial parameters responded faster than C and N pools. In long-invaded areas, two and half years after removal of plants and litter, basal respiration and microbial biomass had already decreased >30%, ß-glucosaminidase activity (N mineralization index) >60% and potential nitrification >95%. Removal of plants and litter resulted in a >35% decrease in C and N content after four and half years. In recently invaded areas, ß-glucosaminidase activity and potential nitrification showed a marked decrease (>54% and >95%, respectively) after removal of both A. longifolia and litter. Our results suggest that after removal of an N2-fixing invasive tree that changes ecosystem-level processes, it takes several years before soil nutrients and processes return to pre-invasion levels, but this legacy slowly diminish, suggesting that the susceptibility of native areas to (re)invasion is a function of the time elapsed since removal. Removal of the N-rich litter layer facilitates ecosystem recovery.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-008-9295-
Influence of water concentration in the viscosities and densities of cellulose dissolving ionic liquids. Correlation of viscosity data

Producción CientíficaThe densities and viscosities of aqueous mixtures of two cellulose dissolving ionic liquids: 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate ionic liquids have been experimentally determined for water concentration up to approx. 35% water at atmospheric pressure and temperature range from (298.15 to 373.15) K. Molar excess volumes were calculated, resulting in negative values. Literature viscosity correlations were modified in order to describe the viscosity as a function of temperature and water concentration for both water concentrations lower than xH2O = 0.4 and for all the water concentration range. These modified equations were applied to correlate viscosity of (water + ionic liquid) viscosity data for other 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ionic liquids as well as for (ethanol + 1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium acetate) from literature obtaining a good reproducibility of the data.Junta de Castilla y León VA295U14MINECO proyecto CTQ 2011 – 14825 – E (Program Explora)MINECO contrato FPI BES-2011-046496MINECO programa Ramon y Cajal RYC-2013-1397
Robertson-Walker fluid sources endowed with rotation characterised by quadratic terms in angular velocity parameter

Einstein's equations for a Robertson-Walker fluid source endowed with rotation Einstein's equations for a Robertson-Walker fluid source endowed with rotation are presented upto and including quadratic terms in angular velocity parameter. A family of analytic solutions are obtained for the case in which the source angular velocity is purely time-dependent. A subclass of solutions is presented which merge smoothly to homogeneous rotating and non-rotating central sources. The particular solution for dust endowed with rotation is presented. In all cases explicit expressions, depending sinusoidally on polar angle, are given for the density and internal supporting pressure of the rotating source. In addition to the non-zero axial velocity of the fluid particles it is shown that there is also a radial component of velocity which vanishes only at the poles. The velocity four-vector has a zero component between poles
The solution of multi-scale partial differential equations using
  wavelets

Wavelets are a powerful new mathematical tool which offers the possibility to
treat in a natural way quantities characterized by several length scales. In
this article we will show how wavelets can be used to solve partial
differential equations which exhibit widely varying length scales and which are
therefore hardly accessible by other numerical methods. As a benchmark
calculation we solve Poisson's equation for a 3-dimensional Uranium dimer. The
length scales of the charge distribution vary by 4 orders of magnitude in this
case. Using lifted interpolating wavelets the number of iterations is
independent of the maximal resolution and the computational effort therefore
scales strictly linearly with respect to the size of the system
Do preference reversals generalise? Results on ambiguity and loss aversion

Preference reversals are frequently observed in the lab, but almost all designs use completely transparent prospects, which are rarely features of decision making elsewhere. This raises questions of external validity. We test the robustness of the phenomenon to gambles which incorporate realistic ambiguity in payoffs and probabilities. In addition, we test a recent rationalisation of preference reversals by Third Generation Prospect Theory, which would also restrict the incidence of reversals outside the lab. According to this account, reversals occur largely because the selling protocol generally used for the valuation task activates loss aversion, which is excluded by the free gift protocol of the choice task. We find that reversals are not dependent on these procedures, though they seem to be encouraged by transparency
Probe-based end-to-end overload control for networks of SIP servers

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) has been adopted by the IETF as the control protocol for creating, modifying and terminating multimedia sessions. Overload occurs in SIP networks when SIP servers have insufficient resources to handle received messages. Under overload, SIP networks may suffer from congestion collapse due to current ineffective SIP overload control mechanisms. This paper introduces a probe-based end-to-end overload control (PEOC) mechanism, which is deployed at the edge servers of SIP networks and is easy to implement. By probing the SIP network with SIP messages, PEOC estimates the network load and controls the traffic admitted to the network according to the estimated load. Theoretic analysis and extensive simulations verify that PEOC can keep high throughput for SIP networks even when the offered load exceeds the capacity of the network. Besides, it can respond quickly to the sudden variations of the offered load and achieve good fairness