pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Imaginary Part of the Static Potential in Strongly Coupled
  Anisotropic Plasma

Using the gauge/gravity duality we study the imaginary part of the static
potential associated to the thermal width in finite temperature strongly
coupled anisotropic plasma. We firstly derive the potential for a generic
anisotropic background. Then we apply our formulas to a theory where the
anisotropy has been generated by a space dependent axion term. We find that
using our method there exist a peculiar turning point in the imaginary part of
the potential, similar to the one appearing in the real part. The presence of
anisotropy leads to decrease of the imaginary potential, where larger decrease
happens along the anisotropic direction when the temperature is kept fixed.
When the entropy density is fixed, increase happens along the parallel
direction while along the transverse plane we observe a decrease. To estimate
the thermal width we use an approximate extrapolation beyond the turning point
and we find a decrease in presence of the anisotropy, independently of the
comparison scheme used.Comment: 20+4 pages, 15 figures, v2: version published in JHE
Testing the higgsino-singlino sector of the NMSSM with trileptons at the
  LHC

We propose a simplified light higgsino-singlino scenario in the NMSSM, in
which the masses of the chargino and the lightest neutralino determine the
masses and couplings of all 3 lightest neutralinos. This scenario is
complementary to the simplified wino-like chargino/neutralino scenario used
conventionally for the interpretation of results from trilepton searches, and
motivated by lower bounds on the gluino mass in the case of GUT relations
between the wino and gluino masses. We present all masses and mixing angles
necessary for the determination of production cross sections of the chargino
and the 3 neutralinos in the form of Tables in the M_{neutralino_1} -
M_{chargino_1} plane, assuming Higgs mass motivated values for tan(beta)=2 and
lambda=0.6. We show that this scenario leads to considerable signal rates, and
present constraints in this plane from recent searches for trileptons at the
LHC.Comment: 16 pages, 1 Figure, 8 Table
Radiatively induced symmetry breaking and the conformally coupled
  magnetic monopole in AdS space

We implement quantum corrections for a magnetic monopole in a classically
conformally invariant theory containing gravity. This yields the trace
(conformal) anomaly and introduces a length scale in a natural fashion via the
process of renormalization. We evaluate the one-loop effective potential and
extract the vacuum expectation value (VEV) from it; spontaneous symmetry
breaking is radiatively induced. The VEV is set at the renormalization scale
$M$ and we exchange the dimensionless scalar coupling constant for the
dimensionful VEV via dimensional transmutation. The asymptotic (background)
spacetime is anti-de Sitter (AdS) and its Ricci scalar is determined entirely
by the VEV. We obtain analytical asymptotic solutions to the coupled set of
equations governing gravitational, gauge and scalar fields that yield the
magnetic monopole in an AdS spacetime.Comment: 18 pages, one figure, to appear in JHE
Dirac Sigma Models from Gauging

The G/G WZW model results from the WZW-model by a standard procedure of
gauging. G/G WZW models are members of Dirac sigma models, which also contain
twisted Poisson sigma models as other examples. We show how the general class
of Dirac sigma models can be obtained from a gauging procedure adapted to Lie
algebroids in the form of an equivariantly closed extension. The rigid gauge
groups are generically infinite dimensional and a standard gauging procedure
would give a likewise infinite number of 1-form gauge fields; the proposed
construction yields the requested finite number of them.
  Although physics terminology is used, the presentation is kept accessible
also for a mathematical audience.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure
Refined stable pair invariants for E-, M- and [p,q]-strings

We use mirror symmetry, the refined holomorphic anomaly equation and
modularity properties of elliptic singularities to calculate the refined BPS
invariants of stable pairs on non-compact Calabi-Yau manifolds, based on del
Pezzo surfaces and elliptic surfaces, in particular the half K3. The BPS
numbers contribute naturally to the five-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric index
of M-theory, but they can be also interpreted in terms of the superconformal
index in six dimensions and upon dimensional reduction the generating functions
count N=2 Seiberg-Witten gauge theory instantons in four dimensions. Using the
M/F-theory uplift the additional information encoded in the spin content can be
used in an essential way to obtain information about BPS states in physical
systems associated to small instantons, tensionless strings, gauge symmetry
enhancement in F-theory by [p,q]-strings as well as M-strings.Comment: 120 pages, 21 figure
From AdS to Schr\"odinger/Lifshitz dual space-times without or with
  hyperscaling violation

It is observed that the (intersecting) branes of M/string theory, which are
known to give AdS geometry (directly or upto a conformal transformation) in the
near horizon limit, do also lead to Schr\" odinger/Lifshitz dual space-times
(without or with hyperscaling violation) upon using appropriate solution
generating transformation and dimensional reduction. We show that the dynamical
exponents of the Schr\" odinger and the Lifshitz space-times obtained in this
way always add upto 2. We illustrate this by several examples, including M2-,
M5-branes of M-theory and D$(p+1)$-branes ($p\neq 4$, since in this case the
near horizon limit does not give AdS geometry) of string theory as well as many
of their intersecting solutions. The Schr\" odinger space-time can be obtained
by the standard wave generating technique along one of the brane directions
(for single brane) or one of the common brane directions (for intersecting
branes) and then interchanging the light-cone coordinates by double Wick
rotations, whereas, the Lifshitz space-time can be obtained by dimensionally
reducing (for M-theory) along the wave direction or taking T-duality (for
string theory) along the same direction. We thus obtain Schr\" odinger/Lifshitz
dual space-times without or with hyperscaling violation from the same M/string
theory solutions and they preserve some fraction of the supersymmetry.Comment: 30 pages, no figures; v2: typos corrected, added references, added
  acknowledgement; v3: added more references, acknowledgement and a note, added
  more clarifications, version to appear in JHE
Correlation Function of Circular Wilson Loops at Strong Coupling

We study the correlation function of two circular Wilson loops at strong
coupling in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, the
problem maps to finding the minimal surface between two circles defined on the
boundary of AdS, and the fluctuations around the classical solution in AdS_5 x
S^5. At the classical level, we derive the string solution in H_3 x S^1
explicitly, and focus on properties such as stability and phase transition.
Furthermore, a computation of the associated algebraic curve is given. At the
quantum level, the one-loop partition function is constructed by introducing
quadratic bosonic and fermionic fluctuations around the classical solution,
embedded in AdS_5 x S^5. We find an analytic, formal expression for the
partition function in terms of an infinite product by employing the
Gel'fand-Yaglom method and supersymmetric regularization. We regulate the
expression and evaluate the partition function numerically.Comment: 44 pages, 14 figures. v2: references adde
Unruh Effect under Non-equilibrium conditions: Oscillatory motion of an
  Unruh-DeWitt detector

The Unruh effect refers to the thermal fluctuations a detector experiences
while undergoing linear motion with uniform acceleration in a Minkowski vacuum.
This thermality can be demonstrated by tracing the vacuum state of the field
over the modes beyond the accelerated detector's event horizon. However, the
event horizon is well-defined only if the detector moves with eternal uniform
linear acceleration. This idealized condition cannot be fulfilled in realistic
situations when the motion unavoidably involves periods of non-uniform
acceleration. Many experimental proposals to test the Unruh effect are of this
nature. Often circular or oscillatory motion, which lacks an obvious geometric
description, is considered in such proposals. The proper perspective for
theoretically going beyond, or experimentally testing, the Unruh-Hawking effect
in these more general conditions has to be offered by concepts and techniques
in non-equilibrium quantum field theory. In this paper we provide a detailed
analysis of how an Unruh-DeWitt detector undergoing oscillatory motion responds
to the fluctuations of a quantum field. Numerical results for the late-time
temperatures of the oscillating detector are presented. We comment on the
digressions of these results from what one would obtain from a naive
application of Unruh's result.Comment: 23 pages, 11 figures. Minor revision, new references adde
NLO thermal dilepton rate at non-zero momentum

The vector channel spectral function and the dilepton production rate from a QCD plasma at a temperature above a few hundred MeV are evaluated up to next-to-leading order (NLO) including their dependence on a non-zero momentum with respect to the heat bath. The invariant mass of the virtual photon is taken to be in the range K2 ~ (πT)2 ~ (1GeV)2, generalizing previous NLO results valid for K2 ≫ (πT)2. In the opposite regime 0 < K2 ≪ (πT)2 the loop expansion breaks down, but agrees nevertheless in order of magnitude with a previous result obtained through resummations. Ways to test the vector spectral function through comparisons with imaginary-time correlators measured on the lattice are discussed
Momentum-space entanglement for interacting fermions at finite density

We investigate the entanglement between individual field theory modes in
finite-density systems of interacting relativistic and non-relativistic
fermions in one spatial dimension. We calculate the entanglement entropy for a
single field theory mode and the mutual information between any two modes. The
calculation is perturbative in the four-fermion (two-body) coupling, with the
leading contribution at order lambda^2 log(lambda^2). At this leading order,
the perturbative expression for the entanglement entropy of a mode diverges
logarithmically as the momentum of the mode approaches the Fermi surface from
above or below. The mutual information between modes is largest for pairs of
modes just above and below the Fermi momentum. The entanglement properties of
modes near the Fermi surface are qualitatively the same if the field theory is
cut off to eliminate modes away from the Fermi surface.Comment: 19 pages, LaTeX, 7 figure
Some properties of the de Sitter black holes in three dimensional
  spacetime

We investigate the physical properties of the de Sitter spacetime and new
type-de Sitter black holes in new massive gravity, a higher derivative gravity
theory in three dimensions. We calculate thermodynamic quantities and check
that the first law of thermodynamics is satisfied. In particular, we obtain the
energies of the de Sitter spacetime and new type-de Sitter black holes from the
renormalized Brown-York boundary stress tensor on the Euclidean surfaces at
late temporal infinity. We also obtain the quasinormal modes and by using them
we find that the entropy spectra are equally spaced via semi-classical
quantization.Comment: 19 pages, 1 figure, some minor corrections, to appear in JHE
Modular anomaly equation, heat kernel and S-duality in N=2 theories

We investigate epsilon-deformed N=2 superconformal gauge theories in four
dimensions, focusing on the N=2* and Nf=4 SU(2) cases. We show how the modular
anomaly equation obeyed by the deformed prepotential can be efficiently used to
derive its non-perturbative expression starting from the perturbative one. We
also show that the modular anomaly equation implies that S-duality is
implemented by means of an exact Fourier transform even for arbitrary values of
the deformation parameters, and then we argue that it is possible,
perturbatively in the deformation, to choose appropriate variables such that it
reduces to a Legendre transform.Comment: 30 pages, LeTeX2e. V2: references added, appendix B expanded, a few
  typos correcte
A construction of integrated vertex operator in the pure spinor
  sigma-model in AdS5xS5

Vertex operators in string theory come in two varieties: integrated and
unintegrated. Understanding both types is important for the calculation of the
string theory amplitudes. The relation between them is a descent procedure
typically involving the b-ghost. In the pure spinor formalism vertex operators
can be identified as cohomology classes of an infinite-dimensional Lie
superalgebra formed by covariant derivatives. We show that in this language the
construction of the integrated vertex from an unintegrated vertex is very
straightforward, and amounts to the evaluation of the cocycle on the
generalized Lax currents.Comment: LaTeX 13pp; v2: correction in Section 4.
Up-type quark masses in SU(5) F-theory models

F-theory SU(5) unification has been proposed as a scenario where the mass of
the top quark is naturally large, as opposed to type II SU(5) models. We
analyze this claim from the viewpoint of local SU(5) F-theory models, by
explicitly computing the 10 x 10 x 5 Yukawa couplings that are developed in the
vicinity of an E6 singularity. Realizing this singularity via T-branes allows
for a non-trivial mass for the top quark, while lighter generations of up-type
quarks still have vanishing Yukawa couplings. Nevertheless, we show that by
taking instanton effects into account non-vanishing Yukawas are induced for all
U-quark families, together with a hierarchical structure at the level of the
superpotential. Finally, by solving for internal wavefunction profiles we
compute physical U-quark Yukawa couplings and show that this F-theory scenario
allows to describe the measured top quark mass, as well as the observed
quotients of U-quark masses.Comment: 48 pages + appendices, 1 figur
Microscopic unitary description of tidal excitations in high-energy
  string-brane collisions

The eikonal operator was originally introduced to describe the effect of
tidal excitations on higher-genus elastic string amplitudes at high energy. In
this paper we provide a precise interpretation for this operator through the
explicit tree-level calculation of generic inelastic transitions between closed
strings as they scatter off a stack of parallel Dp-branes. We perform this
analysis both in the light-cone gauge, using the Green-Schwarz vertex, and in
the covariant formalism, using the Reggeon vertex operator. We also present a
detailed discussion of the high energy behaviour of the covariant string
amplitudes, showing how to take into account the energy factors that enhance
the contribution of the longitudinally polarized massive states in a simple
way.Comment: 58 page
Lifshitz from AdS at finite temperature and top down models

We construct analytically an asymptotically Lifshitz black brane with
dynamical exponent z=1+epsilon^2 in an Einstein-Proca model, where epsilon is a
small parameter. In previous work we showed that the holographic dual QFT is a
deformation of a CFT by the time component of a vector operator and the
parameter epsilon is the corresponding deformation parameter. In the black
brane background this operator additionally acquires a vacuum expectation
value. We explain how the QFT Ward identity associated with Lifshitz invariance
leads to a conserved mass and compute analytically the thermodynamic quantities
showing that they indeed take the form implied by Lifshitz invariance. In the
second part of the paper we consider top down Lifshitz models with dynamical
exponent close to one and show that they can be understood in terms of vector
deformations of conformal field theories. However, in all known cases, both the
conformal field theory and its Lifshitz deformations have modes that violate
the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound.Comment: 35 page
A new pentagon identity for the tetrahedron index

Recently Kashaev, Luo and Vartanov, using the reduction from a
four-dimensional superconformal index to a three-dimensional partition
function, found a pentagon identity for a special combination of hyperbolic
Gamma functions. Following their idea we have obtained a new pentagon identity
for a certain combination of so-called tetrahedron indices arising from the
equality of superconformal indices of dual three-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric
theories and give a mathematical proof of it.Comment: 13 pages, v2: we added a new section with the proof of the identity,
  misprints correcte
Quark confinement via magnetic color-flavor locking

The color-flavor locking phenomenon in the magnetic picture can be the
microscopic description of the quark confinement in QCD. We demonstrate it in
an N=2 supersymmetric SU(Nc)xSU(Nc) quiver gauge theory coupled to Nf flavors
of quarks (Nf<Nc). This model reduces to SU(Nc) gauge theory with Nf flavors
when the vacuum expectations value of the link field is much larger than the
dynamical scales, and thus provides a continuous deformation of the N=2
supersymmetric QCD. We study a vacuum which survives upon adding a
superpotential term to reduce to N=1 while preserving the vectorial SU(Nf)
flavor symmetry. We find a region of the parameter space where the confinement
is described by the Higgsing of a weakly coupled magnetic SU(Nf)xU(1) gauge
theory. The Higgsing locks the quantum numbers of SU(Nf) magnetic color to
those of SU(Nf) flavor symmetry, and thus the massive magnetic gauge bosons
become the singlet and adjoint representations of the flavor group, i.e, the
vector mesons. If the qualitative picture remains valid in non-supersymmetric
QCD, one can understand the Hidden Local Symmetry as the magnetic dual
description of QCD, and the confining string is identified as the vortex of
vector meson fields.Comment: 23 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected, a reference adde
Massive N=2 Gauge Theories at Large N

Using exact results obtained from localization on S^4, we explore the large N
limit of N=2 super-Yang-Mills theories with massive matter multiplets. We focus
on three cases: N=2* theory, describing a massive hypermultiplet in the adjoint
representation, SU(N) super-Yang-Mills with 2N massive hypermultiplets in the
fundamental, and super-QCD with massive quarks. When the radius of the
four-sphere is sent to infinity the theories at hand are described by solvable
matrix models, which exhibit a number of interesting phenomena including
quantum phase transitions at finite 't Hooft coupling.Comment: 52 pages, 12 figure
Probing Exotic Fermions from a Seesaw/Radiative Model at the LHC

There exist tree-level generalizations of the Type-I and Type-III seesaw
mechanisms that realize neutrino mass via low-energy effective operators with
d>5. However, these generalizations also give radiative masses that can
dominate the seesaw masses in regions of parameter space --- i.e. they are not
purely seesaw models, nor are they purely radiative models, but instead they
are something in between. A recent work detailed the remaining minimal models
of this type. Here we study the remaining model with d=9 and investigate the
collider phenomenology of the exotic quadruplet fermions it predicts. These
exotics can be pair produced at the LHC via electroweak interactions and their
subsequent decays produce a host of multi-lepton signals. Furthermore, the
branching fractions for events with distinct charged-leptons encode information
about both the neutrino mass hierarchy and the leptonic mixing phases. In large
regions of parameter-space discovery at the LHC with a 5 sigma significance is
viable for masses approaching the TeV scale.Comment: v3 supersedes JHEP version; corrects typo's and a basic error
  (erroneously placed matrix elements in Eq. 22
Phase Transition to a Hairy Black Hole in Asymptotically Flat Spacetime

We discuss a phase transition of a Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole to a hairy
black hole in asymptotically flat spacetime. The hair is due to a massive
charged scalar field. The no-hair theorem is evaded thanks to a derivative
coupling of the scalar field to the Einstein tensor. The resulting hairy
configuration is spherically symmetric. We solve the equations analytically
near the transition temperature and show that the hair is concentrated near the
horizon decaying exponentially away from it.Comment: v2: 17 pages, 6 figures (corrected) - JHEP versio
On the Supersymmetric Completion of $R+R^2$ Gravity and Cosmology

We revisit and clarify the supersymmetric versions of $R+ R^2$ gravity, in
view of the renewed interest to these models in cosmology. We emphasize that
the content of the dual standard supergravity theory in the old minimal
formulation necessarily includes two massive chiral multiplets, that we call
the inflaton and the goldstino. We point out that the presence of these
multiplets is model independent in the old minimal formulation and therefore
any theory that contains a single chiral multiplet fails to be a supersymmetric
generalization of the $R+R^2$ gravity. The supergravity interactions of the two
chiral multiplets are encoded in a superpotential mass term and an arbitrary
Kahler potential for the goldstino multiplet. The implication for cosmology of
the supersymmetric $R+R^2$ gravity is also discussed.Comment: 11 pages; accepted for publication in JHEP; v2: typos corrected in
  (3.17) and in discussio
Axion-induced birefringence effects in laser driven nonlinear vacuum
  interaction

The propagation of a probe electromagnetic field through a counterpropagating
strong plane wave is investigated. The effects of the electromagnetic
field-(pseudo)scalar axion field interaction and of the self-interaction of the
electromagnetic field mediated by virtual electron-positron pairs in the
effective Lagrangian approach are included. First, we show that if the strong
field is circularly polarized, contrary to the leading-order nonlinear QED
effects, the axion-photon interaction induces a chiral-like birefringence and a
dichroism in the vacuum. The latter effect is explained by evoking the
conservation of the total angular momentum along the common propagation
direction of probe and the strong wave, which allows for real axion production
only for probe and strong fields with the same helicity. Moreover, in the case
of ultra-short strong pulses, it is shown that the absorption coefficients of
probe photons depend on the form of the pulse and, in particular, on the
carrier-envelope phase of the strong beam. The present results can be exploited
experimentally to isolate nonlinear vacuum effects stemming from light-axion
interaction, especially at upcoming ultra-strong laser facilities, where
stringent constraints on the axion-photon coupling constant are in principle
provided.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figur
non-Abelian T-duality, G2-structure Rotation and Holographic Duals of
  N=1 Chern-Simons Theories

A new dynamic SU(3)-structure solution in type-IIA is found by T-dualising a
deformation of the Maldacena-Nastase solution along an SU(2) isometry. It is
argued that this is dual to a quiver gauge theory with multiple Chern-Simons
levels. A clear way of defining Chern-Simons levels in terms of Page charges is
presented, which is also used to define a Chern-Simons term for the
G2-structure analogue of Klebanov-Strassler, providing evidence of a cascade in
both the ranks and levels of the dual quiver.Comment: 29 pages. v2 - minor corrections and references added, version to
  appear in JHE