pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Coulomb Artifacts and Bottomonium Hyperfine Splitting in Lattice NRQCD

We study the role of the lattice artifacts associated with the Coulomb
binding effects in the analysis of the heavy quarkonium within lattice NRQCD.
We find that a "naive" perturbative matching generates spurious linear Coulomb
artifacts, which result in a large systematic error in the lattice predictions
for the heavy quarkonium spectrum. This effect is responsible, in particular,
for the discrepancy between the recent determinations of the bottomonium
hyperfine splitting in the radiatively improved lattice NRQCD [1, 2]. We show
that the correct matching procedure which provides full control over
discretization errors is based on the asymptotic expansion of the lattice
theory about the continuum limit, which gives
$M_{\Upsilon(1S)}-M_{\eta_b(1S)}=52.9\pm 5.5~{\rm MeV}$ [1].Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, journal version (minor revisions implemented).
  arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1504.0597
Classification of maximally supersymmetric backgrounds in supergravity
  theories

We study maximally supersymmetric solutions of all gauged or deformed
supergravity theories in $D \ge 3$ space-time dimensions. For vanishing
background fluxes the space-time background has to be either Minkowski or
anti-de Sitter. We derive a simple criterion for the existence of solutions
with non-trivial fluxes and determine all supergravities that satisfy it. We
show that their solutions coincide with those of the corresponding ungauged
theories and conclude that the known list of maximally supersymmetric solutions
is exhaustive.Comment: 25 pages; improved discussion of the gauged R-symmetry, references
  added, version to be published in JHE
Partially Massless Higher-Spin Theory

We study a generalization of the D-dimensional Vasiliev theory to include a
tower of partially massless fields. This theory is obtained by replacing the
usual higher-spin algebra of Killing tensors on (A)dS with a generalization
that includes "third-order" Killing tensors. Gauging this algebra with the
Vasiliev formalism leads to a fully non-linear theory which is expected to be
UV complete, includes gravity, and can live on dS as well as AdS. The
linearized spectrum includes three massive particles and an infinite tower of
partially massless particles, in addition to the usual spectrum of particles
present in the Vasiliev theory, in agreement with predictions from a putative
dual CFT with the same symmetry algebra. We compute the masses of the particles
which are not fixed by the massless or partially massless gauge symmetry,
finding precise agreement with the CFT predictions. This involves computing
several dozen of the lowest-lying terms in the expansion of the trilinear form
of the enlarged higher-spin algebra. We also discuss nuances in the theory that
occur in specific dimensions; in particular, the theory dramatically truncates
in bulk dimensions D=3,5 and has non-diagonalizable mixings which occur in
D=4,7.Comment: 81 pages, 9 figures. v2 clarifications, corrections and refs, version
  appearing in JHE
On the 3-form formulation of axion potentials from D-brane instantons

The study of axion models and quantum corrections to their potential has
experienced great progress by phrasing the axion potential in terms of a 3-form
field eating up the 2-form field dual to the axion. Such reformulation of the
axion potential has been described for axion monodromy models, and for axion
potentials from non-perturbative gauge dynamics. In this paper we propose a
3-form description of the axion potentials from non-gauge D-brane instantons.
Interestingly, the required 3-form field does not arise in the underlying
geometry, but rather shows up in the KK compactification in the generalized
geometry obtained when the backreaction of the D-brane instanton is taken into
account.Comment: 17 pages. Minor change
Single-diffractive production of charmed mesons at the LHC within the
  $k_t$-factorization approach

We discuss the single diffractive production of $c \bar c$ pairs and charmed
mesons at the LHC. For a first time we propose a $k_t$-factorization approach
to the diffractive processes. The transverse momentum dependent diffractive
parton distributions are obtained from standard (collinear) diffractive parton
distributions used in the literature. In this calculation the transverse
momentum of the pomeron is neglected with respect to transverse momentum of
partons entering the hard process. We also perform the first evaluation of the
cross sections at the LHC using the diffractive transverse momentum dependent
parton distributions. The results of the new approach are compared with those
of the standard collinear one. Significantly larger cross sections are obtained
in the $k_t$-factorization approach where some part of higher-order effects is
effectively included. The differences between corresponding differential
distributions are discussed. Finally, we present a feasibility study of the
process at the LHC using proton tagging technique. The analysis suggests that
the measurement of single diffractive charm production is possible using ATLAS
and CMS/TOTEM detectors.Comment: 21 pages, 14 figure
The five-loop beta function of Yang-Mills theory with fermions

We have computed the five-loop corrections to the scale dependence of the
renormalized coupling constant for Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), its
generalization to non-Abelian gauge theories with a simple compact Lie group,
and for Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). Our analytical result, obtained using
the background field method, infrared rearrangement via a new
diagram-by-diagram implementation of the R* operation and the Forcer program
for massless four-loop propagators, confirms the QCD and QED results obtained
by only one group before. The numerical size of the five-loop corrections is
briefly discussed in the standard MSbar scheme for QCD with n_f flavours and
for pure SU(N) Yang-Mills theory. Their effect in QCD is much smaller than the
four-loop contributions, even at rather low scales.Comment: 19 pages, LaTex, 4 figures. FORM file of the main results available
  with the source. v2: version accepted by JHEP: minor text changes, a few
  additional references, typos correcte
Effects of QCD bound states on dark matter relic abundance

We study scenarios where there exists an exotic massive particle charged
under QCD in the early Universe. We calculate the formation and dissociation
rates of bound states formed by pairs of these particles, and apply the results
in dark matter (DM) coannihilation scenarios, including also the Sommerfeld
effect. We find that on top of the Sommerfeld enhancement, bound-state effects
can further significantly increase the largest possible DM masses which can
give the observed DM relic abundance, by $\sim 30 - 100\%$ with respect to
values obtained by considering the Sommerfeld effect only, for the color
triplet or octet exotic particles we consider. In particular, it indicates that
the Bino DM mass in the right-handed stop-Bino coannihilation scenario in the
Minimal Supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (MSSM) can reach $\sim
2.5$ TeV, even though the potential between the stop and antistop prior to
forming a bound state is repulsive. We also apply the bound-state effects in
the calculations of relic abundance of long-lived or metastable massive colored
particles, and discuss the implications on the BBN constraints and the
abundance of a super-weakly interacting DM. The corrections for the bound-state
effect when the exotic massive colored particles also carry electric charges,
and the collider bounds are also discussed.Comment: 31 pages, 6 figures, added references, added comments on thermal
  masses and higher energy levels of bound states, journal versio
Operators and higher genus mirror curves

We perform further tests of the correspondence between spectral theory and
topological strings, focusing on mirror curves of genus greater than one with
nontrivial mass parameters. In particular, we analyze the geometry relevant to
the SU(3) relativistic Toda lattice, and the resolved C^3/Z_6 orbifold.
Furthermore, we give evidence that the correspondence holds for arbitrary
values of the mass parameters, where the quantization problem leads to resonant
states. We also explore the relation between this correspondence and cluster
integrable systems.Comment: 48 pages, 9 figures, minor typos correcte
A Generalization of Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev

The SYK model: fermions with a $q$-body, Gaussian-random, all-to-all
interaction, is the first of a fascinating new class of solvable large $N$
models. We generalize SYK to include $f$ flavors of fermions, each occupying
$N_a$ sites and appearing with a $q_a$ order in the interaction. Like SYK, this
entire class of models generically has an infrared fixed point. We compute the
infrared dimensions of the fermions, and the spectrum of singlet bilinear
operators. We show that there is always a dimension-two operator in the
spectrum, which implies that, like in SYK, there is breaking of conformal
invariance and maximal chaos in the infrared four-point function of the
generalized model. After a disorder average, the generalized model has a global
$O(N_1) \times O(N_2) \times \ldots\times O(N_f)$ symmetry: a subgroup of the
$O(N)$ symmetry of SYK; thereby giving a richer spectrum. We also elucidate
aspects of the large $q$ limit and the OPE, and solve $q=2$ SYK at finite $N$.Comment: 46 pages, v2 minor changes; published versio
Higher-Spin Algebras, Holography and Flat Space

In this article we study the algebra generated by the holographically
reconstructed cubic couplings for the type A minimal bosonic higher-spin theory
on AdS$_{d+1}$, which were recently extracted from the free scalar $O(N)$
model. We demonstrate that it is equal to the unique higher-spin algebra for
bosonic totally symmetric higher-spin fields in generic dimensions. This
provides an explicit check of the holographic reconstruction and of the duality
between higher-spin theories and the free $O(N)$ model in general dimensions,
extending the result of Giombi and Yin in AdS$_4$. For completeness, we also
address the same problem in the flat space for the cubic couplings derived by
Metsaev in 1991, which are recovered in the flat limit of the AdS type-A cubic
couplings. We observe that both flat and AdS$_4$ higher-spin Lorentz
subalgebras coincide, hinting towards the existence of a full higher-spin
symmetry behind the flat-space cubic couplings of Metsaev.Comment: 39 pages, 1 figure. v3: JHEP versio
Can Gravitational Instantons Really Constrain Axion Inflation?

Axions play a central role in inflationary model building and other
cosmological applications. This is mainly due to their flat potential, which is
protected by a global shift symmetry. However, quantum gravity is known to
break global symmetries, the crucial effect in the present context being
gravitational instantons or Giddings-Strominger wormholes. We attempt to
quantify, as model-independently as possible, how large a scalar potential is
induced by this general quantum gravity effect. We pay particular attention to
the crucial issue which solutions can or cannot be trusted in the presence of a
moduli-stabilisation and a Kaluza-Klein scale. An important conclusion is that,
due to specific numerical prefactors, the effect is surprisingly small even in
UV-completions with the highest possible scale offered by string theory.
  As we go along, we discuss in detail Euclidean wormholes, cored and extremal
instantons, and how the latter arise from 5d Reissner-Nordstrom black holes. We
attempt to dispel possible doubts that wormholes contribute to the scalar
potential by an explicit calculation. We analyse the role of stabilised
dilaton-like moduli. Finally, we argue that Euclidean wormholes may be the
objects satisfying the Weak Gravity Conjecture extended to instantons.Comment: 66 pages, 10 figures. More details, especially concerning instanton
  summation, adde
On scale-free extensions of massive (bi-)gravity

We discuss a scale-free model of bigravity, in which the mass parameter of
the standard bigravity potential is promoted to a dynamical scalar field. This
modification retains the ghost-free bigravity structure, in particular it
remains free of the Boulware-Deser ghost. We investigate the theory's
interaction structure, focusing on its consistent scaling limits and strong
coupling scales. Furthermore we explore the model's quadratic action, both
around generic background configurations and paying special attention to
cosmological backgrounds and to the associated background evolution. Finally we
consider the possibility of realizing a phase of late-time acceleration as well
as a quasi-de Sitter inflationary stage at early times, when the promoted "mass
scalar" becomes the inflaton.Comment: 36 pages; v2 clarifying comments added, references updated, results
  unchange
$G_2$-structures and quantization of non-geometric M-theory backgrounds

We describe the quantization of a four-dimensional locally non-geometric
M-theory background dual to a twisted three-torus by deriving a phase space
star product for deformation quantization of quasi-Poisson brackets related to
the nonassociative algebra of octonions. The construction is based on a choice
of $G_2$-structure which defines a nonassociative deformation of the addition
law on the seven-dimensional vector space of Fourier momenta. We demonstrate
explicitly that this star product reduces to that of the three-dimensional
parabolic constant $R$-flux model in the contraction of M-theory to string
theory, and use it to derive quantum phase space uncertainty relations as well
as triproducts for the nonassociative geometry of the four-dimensional
configuration space. By extending the $G_2$-structure to a $Spin(7)$-structure,
we propose a 3-algebra structure on the full eight-dimensional M2-brane phase
space which reduces to the quasi-Poisson algebra after imposing a particular
gauge constraint, and whose deformation quantisation simultaneously encompasses
both the phase space star products and the configuration space triproducts. We
demonstrate how these structures naturally fit in with previous occurences of
3-algebras in M-theory.Comment: 41 pages; v2: Final version published in JHE
Full Colour for Loop Amplitudes in Yang-Mills Theory

We present a general method to account for full colour dependence Yang-Mills
amplitudes at loop level. The method fits most naturally into the framework of
multi-loop integrand reduction and in a nutshell amounts to consistently
retaining the colour structures of the unitarity cuts from which the integrand
is gradually constructed. This technique has already been used in the recent
calculation of the two-loop five-gluon amplitude in pure Yang-Mills theory with
all positive helicities, arXiv:1507.08797. In this note, we give a careful
exposition of the method and discuss its connection to loop-level Kleiss-Kuijf
relations. We also explore its implications for cancellation of nontrivial
symmetry factors at two loops. As an example of its generality, we show how it
applies to the three-loop case in supersymmetric Yang-Mills case.Comment: 26 pages + appendices + refs; v2 minor corrections, journal versio
Entanglement Entropy in (3+1)-d Free $U(1)$ Gauge Theory

We consider the entanglement entropy for a free $U(1)$ theory in $3 + 1$
dimensions in the extended Hilbert space definition. By taking the continuum
limit carefully we obtain a replica trick path integral which calculates this
entanglement entropy. The path integral is gauge invariant, with a gauge fixing
delta function accompanied by a Faddeev-Popov determinant. For a spherical
region it follows that the result for the logarithmic term in the entanglement,
which is universal, is given by the $a$ anomaly coefficient. We also consider
the extractable part of the entanglement, which corresponds to the number of
Bell pairs which can be obtained from entanglement distillation or dilution.
For a spherical region we show that the coefficient of the logarithmic term for
the extractable part is different from the extended Hilbert space result. We
argue that the two results will differ in general, and this difference is
accounted for by a massless scalar living on the boundary of the region of
interest.Comment: 29 pages, 1 appendi
Off-shell Poincare Supergravity

We present the action and transformation rules of Poincare supergravity
coupled to chiral multiplets $(z^\alpha, \chi^\alpha, h^\alpha)$ with off-shell
auxiliary fields. Starting from the geometric formulation of the superconformal
theory with auxiliary fields, we derive the Poincare counterpart by
gauge-fixing the Weyl and chiral symmetry and S-supersymmetry. We show how this
transition is facilitated by retaining explicit target-space covariance. Our
results form a convenient starting point to study models with constrained
superfields, including general matter-coupled de Sitter supergravity.Comment: 30 pages; v2: version to be published in JHE
$\mathcal{CP}$ violation with an unbroken $\mathcal{CP}$ transformation

A $\mathcal{CP}$ conserving $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ gauge theory is spontaneously
broken to $\mathrm{T}_7$ by the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a
$\boldsymbol{15}$-plet. Even though the $\mathrm{SU}(3)$-$\,\mathcal{CP}$
transformation is not broken by the VEV, the theory exhibits physical
$\mathcal{CP}$ violation in the broken phase. This is because the
$\mathrm{SU}(3)$-$\,\mathcal{CP}$ transformation corresponds to the unique
order-two outer automorphism of $\mathrm{T}_7$, which is not a physical
$\mathcal{CP}$ transformation for the $\mathrm{T}_7$ states, and there is no
other possible $\mathcal{CP}$ transformation. We explicitly demonstrate that
$\mathcal{CP}$ is violated by calculating a $\mathcal{CP}$ odd decay asymmetry
in the broken phase. This scenario provides us with a natural protection for
topological vacuum terms, ensuring that
$\theta\,G_{\mu\nu}\widetilde{G}^{\mu\nu}$ is absent even though $\mathcal{CP}$
is violated for the physical states of the model.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables; v2: considering a different
  contribution to the decay asymmetry, conclusion unchange
Exotic colored scalars at the LHC

We study the phenomenology of exotic color-triplet scalar particles $X$ with
charge $|Q|=2/3, 4/3,5/3,7/3,8/3$ and $10/3$. If $X$ is a non-singlet of
$SU(2)_W$ representation, mass splitting within the multiplet allows for
cascade decays of the members into the lightest state. We study examples where
the lightest state, in turn, decays into a three-body $W^\pm jj$ final state,
and show that in such case the entire multiplet is compatible with existing
direct collider searches and indirect precision tests down to $m_X\sim250$~GeV.
However, bound states $S$, made of $XX^\dag$ pairs at $m_S\approx2m_X$, form
under rather generic conditions and their decay to diphoton can be the first
discovery channel of the model. Furthermore, for $SU(2)_W$-non-singlets, the
mode $S\to W^+W^-$ may be observable and the width of $S\to\gamma\gamma$ and
$S\to jj$ may appear large as a consequence of mass splittings within the
$X$-multiplet. As an example we study in detail the case of an $SU(2)_W$
quartet, finding that $m_X\simeq450$~GeV is allowed by all current searches.Comment: 20 pages, 3 figure
The Galilean Superstring

The action for a Galilean superstring is found from a non-relativistic limit
of the closed Green-Schwarz (GS) superstring; it has zero tension and provides
an example of a massless super-Galilean system A Wess-Zumino term leads to a
topological central charge in the Galilean supersymmetry algebra, such that
unitarity requires a upper bound on the total momentum. This Galilean-invariant
bound, which is also implied by the classical phase-space constraints, is
saturated by solutions of the superstring equations of motion that
half-preserve supersymmetry. We discuss briefly the extension to the Galilean
supermembrane.Comment: 23 pages. Slight revision to clarify a few issues. v3 for further
  clarification and additional referenc
Brane Brick Models in the Mirror

Brane brick models are Type IIA brane configurations that encode the $2d$
$\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ gauge theories on the worldvolume of D1-branes probing
toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. We use mirror symmetry to improve our understanding
of this correspondence and to provide a systematic approach for constructing
brane brick models starting from geometry. The mirror configuration consists of
D5-branes wrapping 4-spheres and the gauge theory is determined by how they
intersect. We also explain how $2d$ $(0,2)$ triality is realized in terms of
geometric transitions in the mirror geometry. Mirror symmetry leads to a
geometric unification of dualities in different dimensions, where the order of
duality is $n-1$ for a Calabi-Yau $n$-fold. This makes us conjecture the
existence of a quadrality symmetry in $0d$. Finally, we comment on how the
M-theory lift of brane brick models connects to the classification of $2d$
$(0,2)$ theories in terms of 4-manifolds.Comment: 74 pages, 56 figure
An Axion-induced SM/MSSM Higgs Landscape and the Weak Gravity Conjecture

We construct models in which the SM Higgs mass scans in a landscape. This is
achieved by coupling the SM to a monodromy axion field through Minkowski
3-forms. The Higgs mass scans with steps given by delta(m_H^2)= eta mu f, where
mu and f are the axion mass and periodicity respectively, and eta measures the
coupling of the Higgs to the associated 3-form. The observed Higgs mass scale
could then be selected on anthropic grounds. The monodromy axion may have a
mass mu in a very wide range depending on the value of eta, and the axion
periodity f. For eta=1 and f = 10^10 GeV, one has 10^{-3}eV < mu < 10^3 eV, but
ultralight axions with e.g. mu = 10^{-17} eV are also possible. In a different
realization we consider landscape models coupled to the MSSM. In the context of
SUSY, 4-forms appear as being part of the auxiliary fields of SUSY multiplets.
The scanning in the 4-forms thus translate into a landscape of vevs for the N=1
auxiliary fields and hence as a landscape for the soft terms. This could
provide a rationale for the MSSM fine-tuning suggested by LHC data. In all
these models there are 3-forms coupling to membranes which induce transitions
between different vacua through bubble nucleation. The Weak Gravity Conjecture
(WGC) set limits on the tension of these membranes and implies new physics
thresholds well below the Planck scale. More generaly, we argue that in the
case of string SUSY vacua in which the Goldstino multiplet contains a monodromy
axion the WGC suggests a lower bound on the SUSY breaking scale m_{3/2} >
M_s^2/M_p.Comment: 28 pages, 1 pdf figur