pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Grassmann Phase Space Methods for Fermions. II. Field Theory

In both quantum optics and cold atom physics, the behaviour of bosonic
photons and atoms is often treated using phase space methods, where mode
annihilation and creation operators are represented by c-number phase space
variables, with the density operator equivalent to a distribution function of
these variables. The anti-commutation rules for fermion annihilation, creation
operators suggests the possibility of using anti-commuting Grassmann variables
to represent these operators. However, in spite of the seminal work by Cahill
and Glauber and a few applications, the use of Grassmann phase space methods in
quantum - atom optics to treat fermionic systems is rather rare, though fermion
coherent states using Grassmann variables are widely used in particle physics.
  This paper presents a phase space theory for fermion systems based on
distribution functionals, which replace the density operator and involve
Grassmann fields representing anti-commuting fermion field annihilation,
creation operators. It is an extension of a previous phase space theory paper
for fermions (Paper I) based on separate modes, in which the density operator
is replaced by a distribution function depending on Grassmann phase space
variables which represent the mode annihilation and creation operators. This
further development of the theory is important for the situation when large
numbers of fermions are involved, resulting in too many modes to treat
separately. Here Grassmann fields, distribution functionals, functional
Fokker-Planck equations and Ito stochastic field equations are involved.
Typical applications to a trapped Fermi gas of interacting spin 1/2 fermionic
atoms and to multi-component Fermi gases with non-zero range interactions are
presented, showing that the Ito stochastic field equations are local in these
cases. Solutions for spin 1/2 fermions either free or in lattices are found.Comment: 63 pages. 0 figures. Version 2. References update
Dilepton bounds on left-right symmetry at the LHC run II and
  neutrinoless double beta decay

In the light of the new 13 TeV dilepton data set with $ 3.2\, {\rm fb^{-1}}$
integrated luminosity from the ATLAS collaboration, we derive limits on the
$Z^{\prime}$ mass in the context of left-right symmetric models and exploit the
complementarity with dijet and $lljj$ data, as well as neutrinoless double beta
decay. We keep the ratio of the left- and right-handed gauge coupling free in
order to take into account different patterns of left-right symmetry breaking.
By combining the dielectron and dimuon data we can exclude $Z^{\prime}$ masses
below $3$ TeV for $g_R=g_L$, and for $g_R \sim 1$ we rule out masses up to
$\sim 4$ TeV. Those comprise the strongest direct bounds on the $Z^{\prime}$
mass from left-right models up to date. We show that in the usual plane of
right-handed neutrino and charged gauge boson mass, dilepton data can probe a
region of parameter space inaccessible to neutrinoless double beta decay and
$lljj$ studies. Lastly, through the mass relation between $W_R$ and
$Z^{\prime}$ we present an indirect bound on the lifetime of neutrinoless
double beta decay using dilepton data. Our results prove that the often ignored
dilepton data in the context of left-right models actually provide important
complementary limits.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures. Matches version published in Phys. Lett.
Modeling nonthermal emission from stellar bow shocks (Research Note)

Context. Runaway O- and early B-type stars passing through the interstellar medium at supersonic velocities and characterized by strong stellar winds may produce bow shocks that can serve as particle acceleration sites. Previous theoretical models predict the production of high-energy photons by nonthermal radiative processes, but their efficiency is still debated. Aims. We aim to test and explain the possibility of emission from the bow shocks formed by runaway stars traveling through the interstellar medium by using previous theoretical models. Methods. We applied our model to AE Aurigae, the first reported star with an X-ray detected bow shock, to BD+43 3654, in which the observations failed in detecting high-energy emission, and to the transition phase of a supergiant star in the late stages of its life. Results. From our analysis, we confirm that the X-ray emission from the bow shock produced by AE Aurigae can be explained by inverse Compton processes involving the infrared photons of the heated dust. We also predict low high-energy flux emission from the bow shock produced by BD+43 3654, and the possibility of high-energy emission from the bow shock formed by a supergiant star during the transition phase from blue to red supergiant. Conclusions. Bow shocks formed by different types of runaway stars are revealed as a new possible source of high-energy photons in our neighborhood
Prediction and warning system of SEP events and solar flares for risk estimation in space launch operations

A web-based prototype system for predicting solar energetic particle (SEP) events and solar flares for use by space launch operators is presented. The system has been developed as a result of the European Space Agency (ESA) project SEPsFLAREs (Solar Events Prediction system For space LAunch Risk Estimation). The system consists of several modules covering the prediction of solar flares and early SEP Warnings (labeled Warning tool), the prediction of SEP event occurrence and onset, and the prediction of SEP event peak and duration. In addition, the system acquires data for solar flare nowcasting from Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)-based techniques (GNSS Solar Flare Detector, GSFLAD and the Sunlit Ionosphere Sudden Total Electron Content Enhancement Detector, SISTED) as additional independent products that may also prove useful for space launch operators.Postprint (published version
Measurement of the centrality dependence of j/psi yields and observation of z production in lead-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Using the ATLAS detector, a centrality-dependent suppression has been observed in the yield of J/psi mesons produced in the collisions of lead ions at the Large Hadron Collider. In a sample of minimum-bias lead-lead collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre of mass energy root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 6.7 mu b(-1), J/psi mesons are reconstructed via their decays to mu(+)mu(-) pairs. The measured J/psi yield, normalized to the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, is found to significantly decrease from peripheral to central collisions. The centrality dependence is found to be qualitatively similar to the trends observed at previous, lower energy experiments. The same sample is used to reconstruct Z bosons in the mu(+)mu(-) final state, and a total of 38 candidates are selected in the mass window of 66 to 116 GeV. The relative Z yields as a function of centrality are also presented, although no conclusion can be inferred about their scaling with the number of binary collisions, because of limited statistics. This analysis provides the first results on J/psi and Z production in lead-lead collisions at the LHC
Search for neutral higgs bosons of the minimal supersymmetric standard model in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for the neutral Higgs bosons predicted by the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is reported. The analysis is performed on data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The samples used for this search were collected in 2012 and correspond to integrated luminosities in the range 19.5-20.3 fb(-1). The MSSM Higgs bosons are searched for in the tau tau final state. No significant excess over the expected background is observed, and exclusion limits are derived for the production cross section times branching fraction of a scalar particle as a function of its mass. The results are also interpreted in the MSSM parameter space for various benchmark scenarios
Six Degree-of Freedom Haptic Rendering for Dental Implantology Simulation

International audienceDental implantology procedures are among the most com- plex surgical procedures executed by dentists. During the critical part of the procedure, the jawbone is drilled at the location of the missing tooth (or the missing group of teeth). This asks for specic skills from the dentists, who need to be well trained. In this paper we present a virtual reality based training system for im- plantology and we mainly focus on the simulation of drilling. We have two main contributions: The rst one is a method for precise haptic rendering of contacts between the drilling tool and the jawbone model issued from a CT-scan. The second one is the real-time simulation of the jawbone erosion during drilling which is compatible with the haptic rendering of contacts
Single-neutron orbits near $^{78}$Ni: Spectroscopy of the N=49 isotope $^{79}$Zn

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). Funded by SCOAP3International audienceSingle-neutron states in the Z=30, N=49isotope 79Zn have been populated using the 78Zn(d,p)79Zn transfer reaction at REX-ISOLDE, CERN. The experimental setup allowed the combined detection of protons ejected in the reaction, and of γrays emitted by 79Zn. The analysis reveals that the lowest excited states populated in the reaction lie at approximately 1MeV of excitation, and involve neutron orbits above the N=50shell gap. From the analysis of γ-ray data and of proton angular distributions, characteristic of the amount of angular momentum transferred, a5/2+configuration was assigned to a state at 983keV. Comparison with large-scale-shell-model calculations supports a robust neutron N=50shell-closure for 78Ni. These data constitute an important step towards the understanding of the magicity of 78Ni and of the structure of nuclei in the region
Equilibrium Partial Pressure of CO2 in the Callovo-Oxfordian Argillite as a Function of Relative Humidity.

International audienceUnderstanding the behavior of a clay mineral-rich rock submitted to different physical-chemical perturbations is important for assessing the safety of nuclear waste disposal facilities in the corresponding geological formations. In this work we studied the effect of rock desaturation on the CO2 partial pressure signature of the Callovo-Oxfordian argillite. This integrated study, which combines experiments and geochemical modeling, points out the primary role of capillary forces on the chemical equilibria. In particular, it was possible to model, without any fitting parameters, the experimental decrease of pCO2 as a function of decreasing water content in the argillite. Moreover, this application to a complex natural system is an example of confirmation of the theoretical concepts of geochemistry in capillary contexts and is promising for dealing with other natural and industrial systems
Analytical modeling of synthetic fiber ropes. Part II : A linear elastic model for 1 + 6 fibrous structures

International audienceIn part I of this study it was shown that, to model synthetic fiber ropes, two scale transition models can be used in sequence. The first model (continuum model) has been presented in the part I and the present paper examines the behavior of a fibrous structure consisting of 6 helicoidal strands around a central core (1 + 6 structure). An analytical model will be presented which enables the global elastic behavior of such a cable under tension-torsion loading to be predicted. In this model, first, the core and the strands are described as Kirchhoff-Love beams and then the traction-torsion coupling behavior is taken into account for both of them. By modeling the contact conditions between the strands and the core, with certain assumptions, it is possible to describe the behavior of the cable section as a function of the degrees of freedom of the core. The behavior of the cable can thus be deduced from the tension-torsion coupling behavior of its constituents. Tensile tests have beer, performed on the core, the strands and then on a full scale 205 ton failure load cable. Finally, predicted stiffness from the analytical models is compared to the test results
Project management success I-C-E model: a work in progress

Project management in software development has shown high rates of failure since the beginning of computation. Over the last years, several studies have sought and proposed solutions for this problem by focusing, for instance, on success critical aspects and evaluation criteria. Although these efforts have provided a significant evolution in how the work is done, project management success rates are in fact still well below the desirable values. This paper presents a work-inprogress based on an integrated approach to project management success and proposes a model that considers jointly the set of success influencers, project characteristics and evaluation criteria of success, from the initiation of a project until its closure
Experimental and numerical analysis of RC structure with two leaf cavity wall subjected to shake table

This paper presents finite element (FE) based pushover analysis of a reinforced concrete structure with a two-leaf cavity wall (TLCW) to estimate the performance level of this structure. In addition to this, an unreinforced masonry (URM) model was selected for comparison. Simulations and analyses of these structures were performed using the DIANA FE program. The mentioned structures were selected as two storeys and two bays. The dimensions of the structures were scaled 1:1.5 according to the Cauchy Froude similitude law. A shake table experiment was implemented on the reinforced concrete structure with the two-leaf cavity wall (TLCW) at the National Civil Engineering Laboratory (LNEC) in Lisbon, Portugal. The model that simulates URM was not experimentally studied. This structure was modelled in the same manner as the TLCW. The purpose of this virtual model is to compare the respective performances. Two nonlinear analyses were performed and compared with the experimental test results. These analyses were carried out in two phases. The research addresses first the analysis of a structure with only reinforced concrete elements, and secondly the analysis of the same structure with reinforced concrete elements and infill walls. Both researches consider static loading and pushover analysis. The experimental pushover curve was plotted by the envelope of the experimental curve obtained on the basis of the shake table records. Crack patterns, failure modes and performance curves were plotted for both models. Finally, results were evaluated on the basis of the current regulation ASCE/SEI 41-06
The Herschel Virgo Cluster survey, V : star-forming dwarf galaxies: dust in metal-poor environments

We present the dust properties of a small sample of Virgo cluster dwarf galaxies drawn from the science demonstration phase data set of the Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey. These galaxies have low metallicities (7.8 < 12 + log(O/H) < 8.3) and star-formation rates <= 10(-1) M-circle dot yr(-1). We measure the spectral energy distribution (SED) from 100 to 500 mu m and derive dust temperatures and dust masses. The SEDs are fitted by a cool component of temperature T <= 20 K, implying dust masses around 10(5) M-circle dot and dust-to-gas ratios D within the range 10(-3)-10(-2). The completion of the full survey will yield a larger set of galaxies, which will provide more stringent constraints on the dust content of star-forming dwarf galaxies
On the origin of the dressing phase in N = 4 super-Yang–Mills

We derive the phase factor proposed by Beisert, Eden and Staudacher for the S-matrix of planar N = 4 super-Yang–Mills, from the all-loopBethe ansatz equations without the dressing factor. We identify a configuration of the Bethe roots, from which the closed integral formula of thephase factor is reproduced in the thermodynamic limit. This suggests that our configuration describes the “physical vacuum” in the sense that thedressing phase is nothing but the effective phase for the scattering of fundamental excitations above this vacuum, providing an interesting clue tothe physical origin of the dressing phase
Search for CP violation in t t-bar production and decay in proton-proton
  collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of
top quark-antiquark (t t-bar) pairs are presented. The search is based on
asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the
time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions
at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an
integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns.. Events are selected having
one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured
using four-momentum vectors associated with t t-bar production and decay. The
measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent
with the expectation from the standard model.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/TOP-16-001/index.htm
Intensive care diaries to promote recovery for patients and families after critical illness: A Cochrane Systematic Review

Objectives\ud
\ud
To assess the effect of an intensive care unit (ICU) diary versus no ICU diary on patients, and their caregivers or families, during the patient's recovery from admission to an ICU.\ud
Design\ud
\ud
Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical controlled trials.\ud
Data sources\ud
\ud
CENTRAL, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PILOT; Web of Science Conference Proceedings, clinical trial registries and reference lists of identified trials.\ud
Review methods\ud
\ud
Studies evaluated the effectiveness of patient diaries, when compared to no ICU diary, for patients or family members to promote recovery after admission to ICU were included. Outcome measures for describing recovery from ICU included the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress symptomatology, health-related quality of life and costs. We used standard methodological approaches as expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. Two review authors independently reviewed titles for inclusion, extracted data and undertook risk of bias according to pre-specified criteria.\ud
Results\ud
\ud
We identified three eligible studies; two describing ICU patients (N = 358), and one describing relatives of ICU patients (N = 30). No study adequately reported on risk of PTSD as described using a clinical interview, family or caregiver anxiety or depression, health-related quality of life or costs. Within a single study there was no clear evidence of a difference in risk for developing anxiety (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.07–1.19) or depression (RR 0.38, 95% CI 0.12–1.19) in participants who received ICU diaries, in comparison to those that did not receive a patient diary. Within a single study there was no evidence of difference in median post-traumatic stress symptomatology scores (diaries 24, SD 11.6; no diary 24, SD 11.6) and delusional ICU memory recall (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.84–1.28) between the patients recovering from ICU admission who received patient diaries, and those who did not. One study reported reduced post-traumatic stress symptomatology in family members of patients recovering from admission to ICU who received patient diaries (median 19; range 14–28), in comparison to no diary (median 28; range 14–38).\ud
Conclusions\ud
\ud
Currently there is minimal evidence from RCTs of the benefits or harms of patient diaries for patients and their caregivers or family members. A small study has described their potential to reduce post-traumatic stress symptomatology in family members. However, there is currently inadequate evidence to support their effectiveness in improving psychological recovery after critical illness for patients and their family members
Employee absence and organizational commitment: Moderation effects of age

This study examined the relations of organizational commitment and demographic factors with objectively measured absence frequency data of 106 staff at a UK school, collected over a 1-year period. We found significant associations of commitment and absenteeism, with high affective and normative commitment, and low continuance commitment being associated with lower levels of absence. Age moderated two of these associations, with low normative commitment and high continuance commitment predicting absence most strongly for older workers. Our findings help practitioners and researchers to understand how commitment may interact with other factors to predict absence. Interaction effects in our data showed that absence frequencies tended to be highest for older workers who felt a lower sense of obligation to their organization, or a lack of alternatives to their present employment
Prospective associations between sedentary time, sleep duration and adiposity in adolescents

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether objectively measured sedentary time and sleep duration are associated with changes in adiposity from mid- to late adolescence. Methods: Students (n = 504, 42% boys) were recruited from schools in Cambridgeshire, UK. At baseline (mean age 15.0 ± 0.3 years), sedentary time was objectively measured by ≥3 days of combined heart rate and movement sensing. Concurrently, sleep duration was measured by combined sensing in conjunction with self-reported bed times. Fat mass index (FMI; kg/m(2)) was estimated at baseline and follow-up (17.5 ± 0.3 years) by anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance. FMI change (ΔFMI) was calculated by subtracting the baseline from follow-up values. Linear regression models adjusted for basic demographics, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and depressive symptoms were used to investigate associations of sedentary time and sleep duration (mutually adjusted for one another) with ΔFMI. Results: FMI increased by 0.5 and 0.6 kg/m(2) in boys and girls, respectively, but there was no association between sedentary time and ΔFMI in either gender (p ≥ 0.087), and no association between sleep duration and ΔFMI in girls (p ≥ 0.61). In boys, each additional hour of baseline sleep significantly reduced the ΔFMI by 0.13 kg/m(2) (p = 0.049), but there was little evidence for this association after adjusting for MVPA and depressive symptoms (p = 0.15). Conclusions: Sedentary time may not determine changes in adiposity from mid- to late adolescence, nor may sleep duration in girls. However, sleep length may be inversely associated with adiposity gain in boys, depending on whether the relationship is confounded or mediated by MVPA and depression
Wnt Ligands Secreted by Subepithelial Mesenchymal Cells Are Essential for the Survival of Intestinal Stem Cells and Gut Homeostasis.

Targeting of Wnt signaling represents a promising anti-cancer therapy. However, the consequences of systemically attenuating the Wnt pathway in an adult organism are unknown. Here, we globally prevent Wnt secretion by genetically ablating Wntless. We find that preventing Wnt signaling in the entire body causes mortality due to impaired intestinal homeostasis. This is caused by the loss of intestinal stem cells. Reconstitution of Wnt/β-catenin signaling via delivery of external Wnt ligands prolongs the survival of intestinal stem cells and reveals the essential role of extra-epithelial Wnt ligands for the renewal of the intestinal epithelium. Wnt2b is a key extra-epithelial Wnt ligand capable of promoting Wnt/β-catenin signaling and intestinal homeostasis. Wnt2b is secreted by subepithelial mesenchymal cells that co-express either Gli1 or Acta2. Subepithelial mesenchymal cells expressing high levels of Wnt2b are predominantly Gli1 positive