pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Bifurcation analysis in a frustrated nematic cell

Using Landau-de Gennes theory to describe nematic order, we study a
frustrated cell consisting of nematic liquid crystal confined between two
parallel plates. We prove the uniqueness of equilibrium states for a small cell
width. Letting the cell width grow, we study the behaviour of this unique
solution. Restricting ourselves to a certain interval of temperature, we prove
that this solution becomes unstable at a critical value of the cell width.
Moreover, we show that this loss of stability comes with the appearance of two
new solutions: there is a symmetric pitchfork bifurcation. This picture agrees
with numerical simulations performed by P. Palffy-Muhorray, E.C. Gartland and
J.R. Kelly. Some of the methods that we use in the present paper apply to other
situations, and we present the proofs in a general setting. More precisely, the
paper contains the proof of a general uniqueness result for a class of
perturbed quasilinear elliptic systems, and general considerations about
symmetric solutions and their stability, in the spirit of Palais' Principle of
Symmetric Criticality
Appraisal of the tire derived rubber (TDR) medium for wastewater treatment under aerobic and anaerobic conditions

The present study evaluated the effectiveness and durability of TDR for biofilm development and related long term usage in fixed biofilm reactors for wastewater treatment. TDR incubated (30±2ºC) with activated sludge showed comparatively higher biofilm development (0.51g) under aerobic than under anaerobic (0. 42g) conditions after 7 weeks. During biofilm succession, a significant shift in bacterial community was observed from pathogenic to autotrophic after 4 weeks. The decreasing bacterial count (MPN index) ( 80%) (E .coli and feacal coliforms) and COD, and BOD (70% approx.) depicted diminishing organic load in sludge. While, changes in pH and nutrients like NO2-, NO3-, PO43-and SO32- indicated presence of other key-bacterial species with efficient nutrient consuming abilities in biofilm. Scanning Electron Microscopy showed few aberration and rich bacterial growth on treated TDR. Furthermore, detailed analysis through FTIR spectroscopy confirmed minor transformation in TDR under anaerobic conditions. TDR proved to be considerably durable and cost effective support material that can be used in aerobic fixed biofilm reactors for wastewater treatment. However, operational conditions of the reactor should be optimized to keep the biofilm structure intact and for achieving desired wastewater treatment efficiency
Human cognitive ability is influenced by genetic variation in components of postsynaptic signalling complexes assembled by NMDA receptors and MAGUK proteins

Differences in general cognitive ability (intelligence) account for approximately half of the variation in any large battery of cognitive tests and are predictive of important life events including health. Genome-wide analyses of common single-nucleotide polymorphisms indicate that they jointly tag between a quarter and a half of the variance in intelligence. However, no single polymorphism has been reliably associated with variation in intelligence. It remains possible that these many small effects might be aggregated in networks of functionally linked genes. Here, we tested a network of 1461 genes in the postsynaptic density and associated complexes for an enriched association with intelligence. These were ascertained in 3511 individuals (the Cognitive Ageing Genetics in England and Scotland (CAGES) consortium) phenotyped for general cognitive ability, fluid cognitive ability, crystallised cognitive ability, memory and speed of processing. By analysing the results of a genome wide association study (GWAS) using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, a significant enrichment was found for fluid cognitive ability for the proteins found in the complexes of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex; P=0.002. Replication was sought in two additional cohorts (N=670 and 2062). A meta-analytic P-value of 0.003 was found when these were combined with the CAGES consortium. The results suggest that genetic variation in the macromolecular machines formed by membrane-associated guanylate kinase (MAGUK) scaffold proteins and their interaction partners contributes to variation in intelligence
Towards more efficient longline fisheries: fish feeding behaviour, bait characteristics and development of alternative baits

Better knowledge of food search behavior in fish is essential for studies that aim to improve longline fishing, particularly through bait development. This review provides an overview of our understanding of how fish detect and locate sources of food odour, focusing on the stimuli and sensory modalities involved, and on factors that affect feeding activity. Studies that identify feeding attractants and efforts to develop alternative longline baits are presented. The review reveals that such studies are few in number, and that to date there are no alternatives to traditional baits in commercial longlining despite the growing demand for these resources, which are also used for human consumption. The chemical compounds that elicit food search behavior differ from species to species, and species selectivity could be improved by incorporating specific feeding attractants in manufactured baits. The unique properties of chemical stimuli and odour dispersal form the basis for improving longline efficiency through the development of a long-lasting bait. Vision is important in prey capture, and manufactured baits can be made more visible than natural baits by increasing the contrast (e.g. via fluorescent or polarising coatings) and creating motion through buoyancy. Physical properties such as size, shape, texture and strength can also be manipulated in a manufactured bait to improve catch efficiency. Knowledge obtained from studies of various aspects of food search behaviour is of paramount importance for future research aimed at alternative bait development and improving longline fishing
A new ultrasonic signal amplification method for detection bacteria

A new method is presented that increases the sensitivity of ultrasound-based techniques for detection of bacteria. The technique was developed for the detection of catalase-positive microorganisms. It uses a bubble trapping medium containing hydrogen peroxide that is mixed with the sample for microbiological evaluation. The enzyme catalase is present in catalase-positive bacteria, which induces a rapid hydrolysis of hydrogen peroxide, forming bubbles which remain in the medium. This reaction results in the amplification of the mechanical changes that the microorganisms produce in the medium. The effect can be detected by means of ultrasonic wave amplitude continuous measurement since the bubbles increase the ultrasonic attenuation significantly. It is shown that microorganism concentrations of the order of 105 cells ml−1 can be detected using this method. This allows an improvement of three orders of magnitude in the ultrasonic detection threshold of microorganisms in conventional culture media, and is competitive with modern rapid microbiological methods. It can also be used for the characterization of the enzymatic activity
Systematic analysis of the decoding delay in multiview video

We present a framework for the analysis of the decoding delay in multiview video coding (MVC). We show that in real-time applications, an accurate estimation of the decoding delay is essential to achieve a minimum communication latency. As opposed to single-view codecs, the complexity of the multiview prediction structure and the parallel decoding of several views requires a systematic analysis of this decoding delay, which we solve using graph theory and a model of the decoder hardware architecture. Our framework assumes a decoder implementation in general purpose multi-core processors with multi-threading capabilities. For this hardware model, we show that frame processing times depend on the computational load of the decoder and we provide an iterative algorithm to compute jointly frame processing times and decoding delay. Finally, we show that decoding delay analysis can be applied to design decoders with the objective of minimizing the communication latency of the MVC system
Assessing historical realibility of the agent-based model of the global energy system

This study looks at the historical reliability of the agent-based model of the global energy system. We present a mathematical framework for the agent-based model calibration and sensitivity analysis based on historical observations. Simulation consistency with the historical record is measured as a distance between two vectors of data points and inference on parameter values is done from the probability distribution of this stochastic estimate. Proposed methodology is applied to the model of the global energy system. Some model properties and limitations followed from calibration results are discussed
Non-dipolar Wilson links for transverse-momentum-dependent wave functions

We propose a new definition of a transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) wave function with simpler soft subtraction for k T factorization of hard exclusive processes. The un-subtracted wave function involves two pieces of non-light-like Wilson links oriented in different directions, so that the rapidity singularity appearing in usual k T factorization is regularized, and the pinched singularity from Wilson-link self-energy corrections is alleviated to a logarithmic one. In particular no soft function is needed, when the two pieces of Wilson links are orthogonal to each other. We show explicitly at one-loop level that the simpler definition with the non-dipolar Wilson links exhibits the same infrared behavior as the one with the dipolar Wilson links and complicated soft subtraction. It is pointed out that both definitions reduce to the naive TMD wave function as the non-light-like Wilson links approach to the light cone. Their equivalence is then extended to all orders by considering the evolution in the Wilson-link rapidity
Exact results for boundaries and domain walls in 2d supersymmetric theories

We apply supersymmetric localization to N = 2 2 $$ \mathcal{N}=\left(2,2\right) $$ gauged linear sigma models on a hemisphere, with boundary conditions, i.e., D-branes, preserving B-type supersymmetries. We explain how to compute the hemisphere partition function for each object in the derived category of equivariant coherent sheaves, and argue that it depends only on its K theory class. The hemisphere partition function computes exactly the central charge of the D-brane, completing the well-known formula obtained by an anomaly inflow argument. We also formulate supersymmetric domain walls as D-branes in the product of two theories. In particular 4d line operators bound to a surface operator, corresponding via the AGT relation to certain defects in Toda CFT’s, are constructed as domain walls. Moreover we exhibit domain walls that realize the sl (2) affine Hecke algebra
Noncompact gauging of N=2 7D supergravity and AdS/CFT holography

Half-maximal gauged supergravity in seven dimensions coupled to n vector multiplets contains n + 3 vectors and 3 n + 1 scalars parametrized by ℝ + × SO 3 n / SO 3 × SO n $$ {\mathbb{R}}^{+}\times \mathrm{SO}\left(3,\mathrm{n}\right)/\mathrm{SO}(3)\times \mathrm{SO}\left(\mathrm{n}\right) $$ coset manifold. The two-form field in the gravity multiplet can be dualized to a three-form field which admits a topological mass term. Possible non-compact gauge groups take the form of G 0 × H ⊂ SO(3 , n) with a compact group H. G 0 is one of the five possibilities; SO(3 , 1), S L 3 ℝ $$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{L}\left(3,\mathbb{R}\right) $$ , SO(2 , 2), SO(2 , 1) and SO(2 , 2) × SO(2 , 1). We investigate all of these possible non-compact gauge groups and classify their vacua. Unlike the gauged supergravity without a topological mass term, there are new supersymmetric AdS 7 vacua in the SO(3 , 1) and S L 3 ℝ $$ \mathrm{S}\mathrm{L}\left(3,\mathbb{R}\right) $$ gaugings. These correspond to new N = (1 , 0) superconformal field theories (SCFT) in six dimensions. Additionally, we find a class of AdS 5 × S 2 and AdS 5 × H 2 backgrounds with SO(2) and SO(2)×SO(2) symmetries. These should correspond to N = 1 SCFTs in four dimensions obtained from twisted compactifications of six-dimensional field theories on S 2 or H 2 . We also study RG flows from six-dimensional N = (1 , 0) SCFT to N =1 SCFT in four dimensions and RG flows from a four-dimensional N =1 SCFT to a six-dimensional SYM in the IR. The former are driven by a vacuum expectation value of a dimension-four operator dual to the supergravity dilaton while the latter are driven by vacuum expectation values of marginal operators
Using the regular chains library to build cylindrical algebraic decompositions by projecting and lifting

Cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) is an important tool, both for quantifier elimination over the reals and a range of other applications. Traditionally, a CAD is built through a process of projection and lifting to move the problem within Euclidean spaces of changing dimension. Recently, an alternative approach which first decomposes complex space using triangular decomposition before refining to real space has been introduced and implemented within the RegularChains Library of Maple. We here describe a freely available package ProjectionCAD which utilises the routines within the RegularChains Library to build CADs by projection and lifting. We detail how the projection and lifting algorithms were modified to allow this, discuss the motivation and survey the functionality of the package
Palladium-mediated highly regio- and stereoselective intermolecular β-arylation on allylic alcohols: Synthesis of functionalized allylic alcohols

An efficient and highly regio- and stereoselctive Pd-catalyzed β-arylation method for the formation of β-aryl allylic alcohols, employing aryl iodides, 1-bromo-2-iodobenzenes, and 2-bromobezaldehydes as coupling partners, is presented. The β-aryl allylic alcohols formed in this Pd-catalyzed transformation is unexpected under conventional Jeffery conditions without the assistance of silver salt. It is proposed that the reaction is substrate controlled, and the selective formation of the product depends on the size or nature of the substituent at the ortho position on the aromatic ring of the allylic alcohol par
The dark side of the tradition: The polluting effect of Epiphany
folk fires in the eastern Po Valley (Italy)

In the Veneto Region (Po Valley, Northeastern Italy) on the eve of Epiphany, an important religious celebration,
during the night between January 5th and 6th thousands of folk fires traditionally burn wooden material. The object
of this study is to characterize the 2013 episode, bymonitoring the effects on the air quality in the region's lowlands.
The daily concentrations ofPM2.5 and PM10 exceeded 250 and 300 μg m−3, respectively and the PM10 hourly
values were above 600 μg m−3 in many sites. The levels of total carbon, major inorganic ions, polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons and biomass burning tracers (levoglucosan and K+)weremeasured in 84 samples of PM10 and 38 of
PM2.5 collected at 32 sites between January 4th and 7th. Total carbon ranged from 11 μg m−3 before the pollution
episode to 131 μg m−3 a day afterwards, K+ from 0.6 to 5.1 μg m−3, benzo(a)pyrene from 2 to 23 ng m−3, and
levoglucosan from 0.5 to 8.3 μg m−3. The dispersion of the particulate matter was traced by analyzing the levels
of PM10 and PM2.5 in 133 and 51 sites, respectively, in the Veneto and neighboring regions. In addition to biomass
burning the formation of secondary inorganic aerosol was revealed to be a key factor on a multivariate statistical
data processing. By providing direct information on the effects of an intense and widespread biomass burning
episode in the Po Valley, this study also enables some general considerations on biomass burning practices
Building intuition of iron evolution during solar cell processing through analysis of different process models

An important aspect of Process Simulators for photovoltaics is prediction of defect evolution during device fabrication. Over the last twenty years, these tools have accelerated process optimization, and several Process Simulators for iron, a ubiquitous and deleterious impurity in silicon, have been developed. The diversity of these tools can make it difficult to build intuition about the physics governing iron behavior during processing. Thus, in one unified software environment and using self-consistent terminology, we combine and describe three of these Simulators. We vary structural defect distribution and iron precipitation equations to create eight distinct Models, which we then use to simulate different stages of processing. We find that the structural defect distribution influences the final interstitial iron concentration ([Fe-i]) more strongly than the iron precipitation equations. We identify two regimes of iron behavior: (1) diffusivity-limited, in which iron evolution is kinetically limited and bulk [Fe-i] predictions can vary by an order of magnitude or more, and (2) solubility-limited, in which iron evolution is near thermodynamic equilibrium and the Models yield similar results. This rigorous analysis provides new intuition that can inform Process Simulation, material, and process development, and it enables scientists and engineers to choose an appropriate level of Model complexity based on wafer type and quality, processing conditions, and available computation time
Early quark production and approach to chemical equilibrium

We perform real-time lattice simulations of out-of-equilibrium quark production in non-Abelian gauge theory in 3 þ 1 dimensions. Our simulations include the backreaction of quarks onto the dynamical gluon sector, which is particularly relevant for strongly correlated quarks. We observe fast isotropization and\ud
universal behavior of quarks and gluons at weak coupling and establish a quantitative connection to previous pure glue results. In order to understand the strongly correlated regime, we perform simulations for a large number of flavors and compare them to those obtained with two light quark flavors. By doing\ud
this we are able to provide estimates of the chemical equilibration time
Dynamical effects in the fusion hindrance

3 figuresInternational audienceIt is well known that there is a hindrance of fusion in collisions with heavy nuclei that plays a decisive role in synthesis of the super-heavy elements (SHE). The origin of the fusion hindrance is nowadays qualitatively understood but there are still quantitative ambiguities on the dynamics of the fusion mechanism and the predictions need to be assessed. In this communication, we stress the fact that dynamical effects play a crucial role in the amplitude of the reduction of the fusion probability.We found that the fast evolution of the neck degree of freedom affects the slow radial motion, i.e., the fusioning motion, through a dynamical coupling. We showed that we could do a so-called adiabatic elimination of the fast variable in the coupled equation, resulting in an effective one-dimensional equation for the radial motion with a shift of the starting point. This treatment of the dynamical coupling leads to a larger hindrance
The deep-sea hub of the ANTARES neutrino telescope

The ANTARES neutrino telescope, currently under construction at 2500 m depth off the French Mediterranean coast, will contain 12 detection lines, powered and read out through a deep-sea junction box (JB) hub. Electrical energy from the shore station is distributed through a transformer with multiple secondary windings and a plugboard with 16 deep sea-mateable electro-optic connectors. Connections are made to the JB outputs using manned or remotely operated submersible vehicles. The triply redundant power management and slow control system is based on two identical AC-powered systems, communicating with the shore through 160 Mb/s fibre G-links and a third battery-powered system using a slower link. We describe the power and slow control systems of the underwater hub
HNF1alpha inactivation promotes lipogenesis in human hepatocellular adenoma independently of SREBP-1 and carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) activation.

International audienceBiallelic inactivating mutations of the transcription factor 1 gene (TCF1), encoding hepatocyte nuclear factor 1alpha (HNF1alpha) were identified in 50% of hepatocellular adenomas (HCA) phenotypically characterized by a striking steatosis. To understand the molecular basis of this aberrant lipid storage, we performed a microarray transcriptome analysis validated by quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, Western blotting, and lipid profiling. In mutated HCA, we showed a repression of gluconeogenesis coordinated with an activation of glycolysis, citrate shuttle, and fatty acid synthesis predicting elevated rates of lipogenesis. Moreover, the strong down-regulation of liver fatty acid-binding protein suggests that impaired fatty acid trafficking may also contribute to the fatty phenotype. In addition, transcriptional profile analysis of the observed deregulated genes in non-HNF1alpha-mutated HCA as well as in non-tumor livers allowed us to define a specific signature of the HNF1alpha-mutated HCA. In these tumors, lipid composition was dramatically modified according to the transcriptional deregulations identified in the fatty acid synthetic pathway. Surprisingly, lipogenesis activation did not operate through sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and carbohydrate-response element-binding protein (ChREBP) that were repressed. We conclude that steatosis in HNF1alpha-mutated HCA results mainly from an aberrant promotion of lipogenesis that is linked to HNF1alpha inactivation and that is independent of both SREBP-1 and ChREBP activation. Finally, our findings have potential clinical implications since lipogenesis can be efficiently inhibited by targeted therapies
Health Outcomes and Cost Benefit of Home e-Health in Helping to Manage Heart Failure

Part 7: e-Health, the New Frontier of Service Science InnovationInternational audienceThis study presents a systematic review of the nature and magnitude of outcomes associated with e-Health of cardiac diseases. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on Medline and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant articles published between 2000 and 2014 in which the outcome measure used was one or more of health outcome, proxy health outcome, patient compliance or cost. Studies identified were subjected to narrative review. The magnitude and significance of the Home e-Health effects on patients’ conditions (e.g., early detection of symptoms, decrease in blood pressure, adequate medication, reduced mortality) still remain inconclusive for cardiac diseases. However, the results of this study suggest that regardless of their nationality, socioeconomic status, or age, patients comply with Home e-Health programs and the use of technologies. Importantly, the Home e-Health effects on clinical effectiveness outcomes (e.g., decrease in the emergency visits, hospital admissions, average hospital length of stay) are more consistent in Heart Failure. Home e-Health of cardiac diseases seems to be a promising patient management approach that produces accurate and reliable data, empowers patients, influences their attitudes and behaviors, and potentially improves their medical conditions. Future studies need to build evidence related to its clinical effects, cost effectiveness, impacts on services utilization, and acceptance by health care providers