pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Metallurgical and mechanical analysis from thixoforging steel shape

Since always, Industry minimizes manufacturing process plan and increases mechanical behaviour. In this topic, the thixoforging process offers important perspectives especially steel thixoforging. It is on the way of industrial development between casting and forging process. Previous works have illustrated the importance many parameters such as steel grade, slide speed, slug and tool temperature on the 
This paper completes the previous results. It presents an analysis from mechanical resistance of samples extracted of from thixo-extrusion parts on a high speed hydraulic press. This strength investigation is correlated with metallurgical analysis. Macrograph analyses allow identifying the material yield during the process and the different phases
Identification and proteolytic processing of procardosin A

Plant aspartic proteinases contain a plant-specific insert (PSI) of about 100 amino acids of unknown function with no similarity with the other aspartic proteinases but with significant similarity with saposins, animal sphingolipid activator proteins. PSI has remained elusive at the protein level, suggesting that it may be removed during processing. To understand the molecular relevance of PSI, the proteolytic processing of cardosin A, the major aspartic proteinase from the flowers of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) was studied. Procardosin A, a 64-kDa cardosin A precursor containing PSI and the prosegment was identified by immunoblotting using monospecific antibodies against PSI and the prosegment. Procardosin A undergoes proteolytic processing as the flower matures. PSI was found to be removed before the prosegment, indicating that during processing the enzyme acquires a structure typical of mammalian or microbial aspartic proteinase proforms. In vitro studies showed that processing of PSI occurs at pH  3.0 and is inhibited by pepstatin A and at pH  7.0. Sequence analysis allowed the identification of the cleavage sites, revealing that PSI is removed entirely, probably by an aspartic proteinase. Cleavage of the PSI scissile bonds requires, however, a conformation specific to the precursor since isolated cardosins and pistil extracts were unable to hydrolyse synthetic peptides corresponding to the cleavage sites. In view of these results, a model for the proteolytic processing of cardosin A is proposed and the molecular and physiological relevance of PSI in plant aspartic proteinase is discussed.http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2550133.
Multiscale statistical process control using wavelet packets

An approach is presented for conducting multiscale statistical process control (MSSPC), based on a library of basis functions provided by wavelet packets. The proposed approach explores the improved ability of wavelet packets in extracting features with arbitrary locations, and having different localizations in the time-frequency domain, in order to improve the detection performances achieved with wavelet-based MSSPC. A novel approach is also developed for adaptively selecting the best decomposition depth. Such an approach is described in detail and tested using artificial simulated signals, employed to compare average run length (ARL) performance against other SPC methodologies. Furthermore, its performance under real world situations is also assessed, for two industrial case studies using datasets containing process upsets, through the construction of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Both univariate and multivariate cases are covered. ARL results for a step perturbation show that the proposed methodology presents a steady good performance for all shift magnitudes, without significantly changing its relative scores, as happens with other current methods, whose relative performance depends on the shift magnitude being tested. For artificial disturbances, with features localized in the time/frequency domain, multiscale methods do present the best performance, and for the particular case of detecting a decrease in autocorrelation they are the only ones that can detect such a perturbation. In the examples using industrial datasets, where disturbances exhibit more complex patterns, multiscale approaches also present the best results, in particular in the range of low false alarms, where monitoring methods are aimed to operate. © 2008 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2008http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.1152
On Connectedness via Closure Operators

This paper describes a convenient modification of the approach presented in the paper “Closure operators and connectedness” by G. Castellini and D. Hajek, which is shown to give a suitable generalization of left- and right-constant subcategories, both at the object and the morphism levels. We show in particular that the framework we introduce here allows the simultaneous study of the classes of connected topological spaces, of concordant continuous maps and of monotone continuous maps.http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:101251230642
A software engineering lifecycle standard for very small enterprises

Industry recognizes that very small enterprises (VSE), that develop parts involving software components are very important to the economy. These parts are often integrated into products of larger enterprises. Failure to deliver a quality product on time and within budget threatens the competitiveness of both organizations. One way to mitigate these risks is to haveall suppliers of a product chain put recognized engineering practices in place. Many international standards and models such as ISO/IEC12207 or CMMI have been developed to capture proven engineering practices. However, these standards were not designed for very small development organizations, those with less than 25 employees, and are consequently difficult to apply in such settings. An ISO/IEC JTC1/SC7 Working Group has been established to address these difficulties by producing a software engineering standard tailored to VSE
Understanding the gap between software process practices and actual practice in very small companies

This paper reports on a grounded theory to study into software developers’ use of software development process in actual practice in the specific context of very small companies. This study was conducted in three very small software product companies located in Ecuador. The data collection was based on semi-structured qualitative interviews with software project managers, focus group with software developers and was supplemented by literature and documents studies. We interviewed two types of participants (managers and developers), so as to ensure that we elicited a holistic perspective of how they approached the software development process in actual practice. The goal was to study what practices are actually used and their opinion and attitude towards the potential adopting of an international standard (ISO/IEC 29110) specifically designed for very small companies. With the collected data we performed an analysis utilizing Grounded Theory coding techniques, as this methodology promotes the focus on uncovering the real concerns of the participants. This study highlighted three areas of concern: customer, software product and development tasks coordination and tracking. The findings in this study give an insight towards the work products as they relate to software development process practices in very small companies and the important factors that must be considered to assist project success
Multiscale análisis of heavy metal contents in Spanish agricultural topsoils

This study characterized and mapped the spatial variability patterns of seven topsoil heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Pb, Cu, Zn, Hg and Cd) within the Ebro river basin (9.3 million ha) by Multivariate Factorial Kriging. The variograms and cross-variograms of heavy metal concentrations showed the presence of multiscale variation that was modeled using three variogram models with ranges of 20 km (short-range), 100 km (medium-range) and 225 km (long-range). Our results indicate that the heavy metal concentration is influenced by bedrock composition and dynamics at all the spatial scales, while human activities have a notorious effect only at the short- and medium- range scale of variation. Sources of Cu, Pb and Zn (and secondary Cd) are associated with agricultural practices (at the short-range scale of variation), whereas Hg variation at the short- and medium-range scale of variation is related to atmospheric deposition
The effect of rapid thermal annealing on the photoluminescence of InAsN/InGaAs dot-in-a-well structures

The effect of post-growth rapid thermal annealing on the optical characteristics of InAsN/InGaAs dot-in-a-well DWELL structures grown by molecular beam epitaxy on GaAs(1 0 0) has been studied. InAs/InGaAs DWELL structures have been used as a reference. Photoluminescence measurements of these samples show similar optical effects, such as a blueshift of the peak wavelength and a reduction of the full width of at half maximum PL emission, in both types of structures up to an annealing temperature of 750 °C. Nevertheless, at 850 °C, these effects are much more pronounced in the structures with N. These results suggest that an additional As–N interdiffusion process inside the InAsN quantum dots plays a dominant role in these effects at high annealing temperatures (850 °C) on InAsN/InGaAs structures
Prediction of the Failure Locus of C/PEEK Composites under Transverse Compression and Longitudinal Shear Through Computational Micromechanics

The potential of computational micromechanics to predict the failure locus of a unidirectional C/PEEK composite subjected to transverse compression and longitudinal shear was established. Numerical simulations were compared with the experimental results of Vogler and Kyriakides [Vogler TJ, Kyriakides S. Inelastic behavior of an AS4/PEEK composite under combined transverse compression and shear. Part I: Experiments. Int J Plasticity 1999;15:783–806], which contain detailed information of the matrix and fiber properties as well as the failure micromechanisms during multiaxial loading. Analyses were based in the finite element analysis of a three-dimensional representative volume element of the lamina microstructure and included the main deformation and failure mechanisms observed experimentally, namely matrix shear yielding and interface decohesion. In addition, the numerical predictions of the failure locus for composites with strong and weak interfaces were compared with those obtained by current phenomenological failure models to establish the accuracy and range of validity of these criteria
Scale and structure of time-averaging (age mixing) in terrestrial gastropod assemblages from Quaternary eolian deposits of the eastern Canary Islands

Quantitative estimates of time-averaging (age mixing) in gastropod shell accumulations from Quaternary (the late Pleistocene\ud
and Holocene) eolian deposits of Canary Islands were obtained by direct dating of individual gastropods obtained from\ud
exceptionally well-preserved dune and paleosol shell assemblages. A total of 203 shells of the gastropods Theba geminata and\ud
T. arinagae, representing 44 samples (= strati graphic horizons) from 14 sections, were dated using amino acid (isoleucine)\ud
epimerization ratios calibrated with 12 radiocarbon dates. Most samples reveal a substantial variation in shell age that exceeds the\ud
error that could be generated by dating imprecision, with the mean within-sample shell age range of 6670 years and the mean\ud
standard deviation of 2920 years. Even the most conservative approach (Monte Carlo simulations with a non-sequential Bonferroni\ud
correction) indicates that at least 25% of samples must have undergone substantial time-averaging (e.g., age variations within those\ud
samples cannot be explained by dating imprecision alone). Samples vary in shell age structure, including both left-skewed (17 out\ud
of 44) and right-skewed distributions (26 out of 44) as well as age distributions with a highly variable kurtosis. Dispersion and\ud
shape of age distributions of samples do not show any notable correlation with the stratigraphic age of samples, suggesting that the\ud
structure and scale of temporal mixing is time invariant. The statistically significant multi-millennial time-averaging observed here\ud
is consistent with previous studies of shell accumulations from various depositional settings and reinforces the importance of dating\ud
numerous specimens per horizon in geochrono logical studies. Unlike in the case of marine samples, typified by right-skewed age\ud
distributions (attributed to an exponential-like shell loss from older age classes), many of the samples analyzed here displayed leftskewed\ud
distributions, suggestive of different dynamics of age mixing in marine versus terrestrial shell accumulations
Effects of coaches' timeouts on basketball teams' offensive and defensive performances according to momentary differences in score and game period.

The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of game timeouts on basketball teams? offensive and defensive performances according to momentary differences in score and game period. The sample consisted of 144 timeouts registered during 18 basketball games randomly selected from the 2007 European Basketball Championship (Spain). For each timeout, five ball possessions were registered before (n?493) and after the timeout (n?475). The offensive and defensive efficiencies were registered across the first 35 min and last 5 min of games. A k-means cluster analysis classified the timeouts according to momentary score status as follows: losing ( ?10 to ?3 points), balanced ( ?2 to 3 points), and winning (4 to 10 points). Repeated-measures analysis of variance identified statistically significant main effects between pre and post timeout offensive and defensive values. Chi-square analysis of game period identified a higher percentage of timeouts called during the last 5 min of a game compared with the first 35 min (64.999.1% vs. 35.1910.3%; x ?5.4, PB0.05). Results showed higher post timeout offensive and defensive performances. No other effect or interaction was found for defensive performances. Offensive performances were better in the last 5 min of games, with the least differences when in balanced situations and greater differences when in winning situations. Results also showed one interaction between timeouts and momentary differences in score, with increased values when in losing and balanced situations but decreased values when in winning situations. Overall, the results suggest that coaches should examine offensive and defensive performances according to game period and differences in score when considering whether to call a timeout
Prefix-suffix duplication

We consider a bio-inspired formal operation on words called prefix-suffix duplication which consists in the duplication of a prefix or suffix of a given word. The class of languages defined by the iterated application of the prefix-suffix duplication to a word is considered. We show that such a language is context-free if and only if the initial\ud
word contains just one letter. Moreover, every language in this class is semilinear and belongs to NL. We propose a 0(n2 logn) time and 0(n2 ) space recognition algorithm.\ud
Two algorithms are further proposed for computing the prefix-suffix duplication distance between two words, defined as the minimal number of prefix-suffix duplications applied to one of them in order to get the other one. The first algorithm runs in cubic time and uses quadratic space while the second one is more efficient, having 0(n2 logn) time complexity, but needs 0(n2 logn) space
Surface-driven registration method for the structure-informed segmentation of diffusion MR images

Current methods for processing diffusion MRI (dMRI) to map the connectivity of the human brain require precise delineations of anatomical structures. This requirement has been approached by either segmenting the data in native dMRI space or mapping the structural information from T1-weighted (T1w) images. The characteristic features of diffusion data in terms of signal-to-noise ratio, resolution, as well as the geometrical distortions caused by the inhomogeneity of magnetic susceptibility across tissues hinder both solutions. Unifying the two approaches, we propose regseg, a surface-to-volume nonlinear registration method that segments homogeneous regions within multivariate images by mapping a set of nested reference-surfaces. Accurate surfaces are extracted from a T1w image of the subject, using as target image the bivariate volume comprehending the fractional anisotropy (FA) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps derived from the dMRI dataset. We first verify the accuracy of regseg on a general context using digital phantoms distorted with synthetic and random deformations. Then we establish an evaluation framework using undistorted dMRI data from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) and realistic deformations derived from the inhomogeneity fieldmap corresponding to each subject. We analyze the performance of regseg computing the misregistration error of the surfaces estimated after being mapped with regseg onto 16 datasets from the HCP. The distribution of errors shows a 95% CI of 0.56–0.66 mm, that is below the dMRI resolution (1.25 mm, isotropic). Finally, we cross-compare the proposed tool against a nonlinear b0-to-T2w registration method, thereby obtaining a significantly lower misregistration error with regseg. The accurate mapping of structural information in dMRI space is fundamental to increase the reliability of network building in connectivity analyses, and to improve the performance of the emerging structure-informed techniques for dMRI data processing
An investigation of self-reported health-related productivity loss in office workers and associations with individual and work-related factors using an employer's perspective

Objective:
Office workers have a high prevalence of musculoskeletal conditions. This can be a significant economic burden due to health-related productivity loss. Individual and work-related factors related to office worker health-related productivity were investigated.
Methods:
A survey including the Health and Work Performance Questionnaire, which estimated productivity loss, also recorded individual and work-related factors with potential associations with health-related productivity. Muscle function and workstation ergonomics were examined through physical assessments. Linear models investigated the relationships between these factors and health-related productivity.
Results:
Significant factors identified were occupational category (0.001 < P < 0.050), job satisfaction (P < 0.001), psychological wellbeing (P = 0.031), and musculoskeletal pain (P = 0.023). Health-related productivity loss was greater in office workers working as managers, with lower job satisfaction and psychological wellbeing, and those with musculoskeletal pain.
Conclusion:
Office worker health-related productivity loss is represented by a combination of both individual and work-related factors
Retrograde Approach for Endovascular Salvage of an Infrapopliteal Vein Bypass

Producción CientíficaEndovascular treatment through femoropopliteal and infragenicular percutaneous transluminal
angioplasty, both in native vessels and in bypass salvage, has been an emerging technique
in recent years. However, in some cases, a difficult anterograde access in distal occlusions
has limited the technical success of this procedure. Combined subintimal arterial flossing with
antegradeeretrograde intervention is used as a resource technique to obtain precise recanalization
in these cases. Here, we present the case of a retromalleolar access of the posterior tibial
artery, based on subintimal arterial flossing with antegradeeretrograde intervention technique,
to achieve femoraleposterior tibial bypass salvage
Is spillover relevant for hydrogen adsorption and storage in porous carbons doped with palladium nanoparticles?

Producción CientíficaExperiments have shown that the efficiency of nanoporous carbons to store hydrogen becomes enhanced by doping the material with metallic nanoparticles. In particular, doping with palladium has been used with success. The hypothesis to justify the enhancement has been that the Pd nanoparticles dissociate the hydrogen molecules and then the hydrogen atoms spill over the carbon substrate, where the hydrogen is retained. To test this hypothesis we have performed ab initio molecular dynamics simulations of the deposition of molecular hydrogen on Pd nanoparticles (Pd6 and Pd13) supported on graphene, which is a good model for the wall of a carbon nanopore. Three channels have been identified in the simulations: bouncing off the molecule, molecular adsorption, and dissociation of the molecule in two H atoms. The relative percentage of those channels is sensitive to the size of the Pd particle. Dissociation occurs more frequently on Pd13 and it generally takes place on the lateral regions of the Pd particles. However, in our simulations, we have not found a single case of H atoms or H2 molecules spilling over the carbon substrate. We have also tested the situation when several H atoms are preadsorbed on the Pd6 and Pd13 particles and found that not a single dissociation event occurs on these H-saturated nanoparticles. These results lead us to cast strong doubts on the validity of the spillover mechanism for explaining the enhancement of hydrogen adsorption on porous carbons doped with transition metal nanoparticles.Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – Ref. VA050U14
Probabilities of consistent election outcomes with majorities based on difference in support

Producción CientíficaComputer simulations are used to evaluate the likelihood of consistent outcomes under the class of majorities based on diference in support. These majorities require certain consensus in collective preferences to declare an alternative as the winner. More precisely, individuals show preference intensities in the unit interval among each pair of alternatives and it is required that the winner alternative obtains a diference in the sum of the intensities with respect to the loser alternative. This diference is a real number located between 0 and the total number of voters. We introduce the values of the required threshold for which majorities based on diference in support lead to transitive and triple-acyclic collective decisions with a probability of 1. Ourresults improve the previous theoretical ones since they require softer thresholds to reach consistent collective decisions.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project ECO2012-32178)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Project ECO2012-34202