pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On the CP Violation Associated with Majorana Neutrinos and Neutrinoless
  Double-Beta Decay

Assuming 3-neutrino mixing and massive Majorana neutrinos, we analyze the
possibility of establishing the existence of CP-violation associated with
Majorana neutrinos in the lepton sector i) by measuring of the effective
Majorana mass |<m>| in neutrinoless double beta-decay with a sufficient
precision and ii) by measuring of, or obtaining a stringent upper limit on, the
lightest neutrino mass m1. Information on m1 can be obtained in the tritium
beta decay experiment KATRIN and from astrophysical and cosmological
observations. Proving that the indicated CP-violation takes place requires, in
particular, a relative experimental error on the measured value of |<m>| not
bigger than 20 %, a ``theoretical uncertainty'' in the value of |<m>| due to an
imprecise knowledge of the corresponding nuclear matrix elements smaller than a
factor of 2, a value of tan^2 theta_(solar) larger than 0.55, and values of the
relevant Majorana CP-violating phases typically within the intervals of (Pi/2 -
3 Pi/4) and (5Pi/4 - 3Pi/2).Comment: 21 pages, Latex; 15 pages of text, 6 ps-figure
Bootstrapping topology and systemic risk of complex network using the
  fitness model

We present a novel method to reconstruct complex network from partial
information. We assume to know the links only for a subset of the nodes and to
know some non-topological quantity (fitness) characterising every node. The
missing links are generated on the basis of the latter quan- tity according to
a fitness model calibrated on the subset of nodes for which links are known. We
measure the quality of the reconstruction of several topological properties,
such as the network density and the degree distri- bution as a function of the
size of the initial subset of nodes. Moreover, we also study the resilience of
the network to distress propagation. We first test the method on ensembles of
synthetic networks generated with the Exponential Random Graph model which
allows to apply common tools from statistical mechanics. We then test it on the
empirical case of the World Trade Web. In both cases, we find that a subset of
10 % of nodes is enough to reconstruct the main features of the network along
with its resilience with an error of 5%.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figure
Enhancement of pinning properties of superconducting thin films by
  graded pinning landscapes

A graded distribution of pinning centers (antidots) in superconducting MoGe
thin films has been investigated by magnetization and magneto-optical imaging.
The pinning landscape has maximum density at the border, decreasing
progressively towards the center. At high temperatures and low fields, where
this landscape mimics the vortex distribution predicted by the Bean model, an
increase of the critical current is observed. At low temperatures and fields,
the superconducting performance of the non-uniform sample is also improved due
to suppression of thermomagnetic avalanches. These findings emphasize the
relevance of non-uniform pinning landscapes, so far experimentally unexplored,
on the enhancement of pinning efficiency.Comment: 5 pages and 3 figure
Nonlinear evolution of pomeron and odderon in momentum space

The small x evolution of the QCD pomeron and the QCD odderon is investigated
in the mean field limit of the Color Glass Condensate. The resulting system of
coupled nonlinear evolution equations is transformed to the momentum space and
analyzed at a very small momentum transfer. The main properties of the C-even
and C-odd dipole densities in momentum space are obtained analytically. The
critical scaling dimension is found for the odderon and the universal
asymptotic behavior of the solutions is determined for small and large gluon
momenta. We find that the same saturation scale characterizes both the pomeron
and the odderon and both densities depend on the momentum only through the
geometric scaling variable. The absorptive effects are found to cause a strong
suppression of the odderon exchange amplitude for momenta below saturation
scale and only a moderate suppression for larger momenta.Comment: 12+1 pages, 2 eps figure
Unitarisation of the hard pomeron and black-disk limit at the LHC

Recent models of soft diffraction include a hard pomeron pole besides the
usual soft term. Such models violate the black-disk limit around Tevatron
energies, so that they need to be supplemented by a unitarisation scheme.
Several such schemes are considered in this letter, where we show that they
lead to a large uncertainty at the LHC. We also examine the impact of
unitarisation on various small-t observables, the slope in t of the elastic
cross section, or the ratio of the real to imaginary parts of the scattering
amplitude, leading to the conclusion that the existence of a hard pomeron in
soft scattering may be confirmed by LHC data.Comment: 15 pages, 12 figures, late
Protein-induced membrane curvature changes membrane tension

Adsorption of proteins onto membranes can alter the local membrane curvature.
This phenomenon has been observed in biological processes such as endocytosis,
tubulation and vesiculation. However, it is not clear how the local surface
properties of the membrane, such as membrane tension, change in response to
protein adsorption. In this paper, we show that the classical elastic model of
lipid membranes cannot account for simultaneous changes in shape and membrane
tension due to protein adsorption in a local region, and a viscous-elastic
formulation is necessary to fully describe the system. Therefore, we develop a
viscous-elastic model for inhomogeneous membranes of the Helfrich type. Using
the new viscous-elastic model, we find that the lipids flow to accommodate
changes in membrane curvature during protein adsorption. We show that, at the
end of protein adsorption process, the system sustains a residual local tension
to balance the difference between the actual mean curvature and the imposed
spontaneous curvatures. This change in membrane tension can have a functional
impact in many biological phenomena where proteins interact with membranes.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figure
Evidence for leptonic CP phase from NO$\nu$A, T2K and ICAL: A
  chronological progression

We study the synergy between the long-baseline (LBL) experiments NO$\nu$A and
T2K and the atmospheric neutrino experiment ICAL@INO for obtaining the first
hint of CP violation in the lepton sector. We also discuss how precisely the
leptonic CP phase ($\delta_{CP}$) can be measured by these experiments. The CP
sensitivity is first described at the level of oscillation probabilities,
discussing its dependence on the parameters -- $\theta_{13}$, mass hierarchy
and $\theta_{23}$. In particular, we discuss how the precise knowledge or lack
thereof of these parameters can affect the CP sensitivity of LBL experiments.
We follow a staged approach and analyze the $\delta_{CP}$ sensitivity that can
be achieved at different points of time over the next 15 years from these LBL
experiments alone and/or in conjunction with ICAL@INO. We find that the CP
sensitivity of NO$\nu$A/T2K is enhanced due to the synergies between the
different channels and between the two experiments. On the other hand the lack
of knowledge of hierarchy and octant makes the CP sensitivity poorer for some
parameter ranges. Addition of ICAL data to T2K and NO$\nu$A can exclude these
spurious wrong-hierarchy and/or wrong-octant solutions and cause a significant
increase in the range of $\delta_{CP}$ values for which a hint of CP violation
can be achieved. In fact in parameter regions unfavourable for NO$\nu$A/T2K, we
may get the first evidence of CP violation by adding the ICAL data to these.
Similarly the precision with which $\delta_{CP}$ can be measured also improves
with inclusion of ICAL data.Comment: 38 pages, 21 figures, version accepted in Nuclear Physics
Causality & holographic entanglement entropy

We identify conditions for the entanglement entropy as a function of spatial
region to be compatible with causality in an arbitrary relativistic quantum
field theory. We then prove that the covariant holographic entanglement entropy
prescription (which relates entanglement entropy of a given spatial region on
the boundary to the area of a certain extremal surface in the bulk) obeys these
conditions, as long as the bulk obeys the null energy condition. While
necessary for the validity of the prescription, this consistency requirement is
quite nontrivial from the bulk standpoint, and therefore provides important
additional evidence for the prescription. In the process, we introduce a
codimension-zero bulk region, named the entanglement wedge, naturally
associated with the given boundary spatial region. We propose that the
entanglement wedge is the most natural bulk region corresponding to the
boundary reduced density matrix.Comment: 42 pages, 11 figures. v2: minor clarifications + refs adde
Asymptotically de Sitter dilatonic space-time, holographic RG flow and
  conformal anomaly from (dilatonic) dS/CFT correspondence

The number of asymptotically de Sitter (non-singular) solutions of 5d
dilatonic gravity with positive cosmological constant is found. These solutions
are similar to the previously known asymptotically AdS spaces where dilaton may
generate the singularity. Using these solutions the consistent $c$-function is
proposed in the same way as in AdS/CFT. The consistency of RG flow gives
further support for dS/CFT correspondence. From holographic RG flow equations
we calculate the holographic 4d conformal anomaly with dilatonic contributions.
This conformal anomaly turns out to be the same as in AdS/CFT correspondence.Comment: LaTeX file, 15 pages, discussions are improve
Linked-cluster Tamm-Dancoff Field Theory

To solve the relativistic bound-state problem one needs to systematically and
simultaneously decouple the high-energy from the low-energy modes and the
many-body from the few-particle states using a consistent renormalization
scheme. In a recent paper we have shown that one such approach can be a
combination of the coupled cluster method as used in many-body theory and the
Wilsonian exact renormalization group. Even though the method is intrinsically
non-perturbative, one can easily implement a loop expansion within it. In this
letter we provide further support for this aspect of our formalism by obtaining
results for the two-loop renormalized $\phi^{4}$ theory. We show that the
non-unitary representation inherent in our method leads to an economic
computation and does not produce any non-hermiticity in the relevant terms.Comment: 11 pages, Revtex
Veneziano-Yankielowicz Superpotential Terms in N=1 SUSY Gauge Theories

The Veneziano-Yankielowicz glueball superpotential for an arbitrary N=1 SUSY
pure gauge theory with classical gauge group is derived using an approach
following recent work of Dijkgraaf, Vafa and others. These non-perturbative
terms, which had hitherto been included by hand in the above approach, are thus
seen to arise naturally, and the approach is rendered self-contained. By
minimising the glueball superpotential for theories with fundamental matter
added, the expected vacuum structure with gaugino condensation and chiral
symmetry breaking is obtained. Various possible extensions are also discussed.Comment: 9 page
Logarithmic corrections to the Bekenstein_Hawking entropy for
  five-dimensional black holes and de Sitter spaces

We calculate corrections to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula for the
five-dimensional topological AdS (TAdS)-black holes and topological de Sitter
(TdS) spaces due to thermal fluctuations. We can derive all thermal properties
of the TdS spaces from those of the TAdS black holes by replacing $k$ by $-k$.
Also we obtain the same correction to the Cardy-Verlinde formula for TAdS and
TdS cases including the cosmological horizon of the Schwarzschild-de Sitter
(SdS) black hole. Finally we discuss the AdS/CFT and dS/CFT correspondences and
their dynamic correspondences.Comment: 9 pages, version to appear in PL
$\tau$ neutrinos from muon storage rings

Charged tau leptons emerging in a long baseline experiment with a muon storage ring and a far-away detector will positively establish neutrino oscillations. We study the conversion of $\nu_\mu$ ($\bar{\nu}_\mu$) and of $\bar{\nu}_e$ ($\nu_e$) to $\nu_\tau$ or $\bar{\nu}_\tau$ for neutrinos from a 20 GeV muon storage ring, within the strong mixing scheme and on the basis of the squared mass differences which are compatible with all reported neutrino anomalies, including the LSND data. In contrast to other solutions which ignore the Los Alamos anomaly, we find charged tau production rates which should be measurable in a realistic set up. As a consequence, determining the complete mass spectrum of neutrinos as well as all three mixing angles seems within reach. Matter effects are discussed thoroughly but are found to be small in this situation
Supersymmetric structure of spacetime and matter: superon-graviton model

A unified description of spacetime and matter is proposed by using a single irreducible representation of SO(10) Super-Poincare algebra(SO(10)SPA). All (observed) elementary particles except the graviton are the (massless) eigenstates of SO10)SPA composed of fundamental Nambu-Goldstone fermions with spin 1/2, superons, associating with the spontaneous breakdown of the supertranslation of the spacetime. The systematic investigations of the standard model(SM) and SU(5)GUT by using superon diagrams may reveal the generation structure, the stability of the proton, K-, B-, D- mixings, CP-violation, the atmospheric and solar neutrino deficits and the absence of the electroweak lepton-flavor-mixing. The fundamental action of the superon-graviton model(SGM) for spacetime and matter is proposed, which is invariant under a new supersymmetry
On the Geometry of Moduli Space of Vacua in N=2 Supersymmetric
  Yang-Mills Theory

We consider generic properties of the moduli space of vacua in $N=2$
supersymmetric Yang--Mills theory recently studied by Seiberg and Witten. We
find, on general grounds, Picard--Fuchs type of differential equations
expressing the existence of a flat holomorphic connection, which for one
parameter (i.e. for gauge group $G=SU(2)$), are second order equations. In the
case of coupling to gravity (as in string theory), where also ``gravitational''
electric and magnetic monopoles are present, the electric--magnetic S duality,
due to quantum corrections, does not seem any longer to be related to
$Sl(2,\mathbb{Z})$ as for $N=4$ supersymmetric theory.Comment: 10 pgs (TeX with harvmac), POLFIS-TH.07/94, CERN-TH.7384/9
From Computer Ethics to Responsible Research and Innovation in ICT: The transition of reference discourses informing ethics-related research in information systems

Article co-authored by members of the DMU Centre for Computing and Social Responsibility and the Computer Science Department of the University of Oxford\ud
\ud
Open Access funded by RCUK fundThe discourse concerning computer ethics qualifies as a reference discourse for ethics-related IS research. Theories, topics and approaches of computer ethics are reflected in IS. The paper argues that there is currently a broader development in the area of research governance which is referred to as “responsible research and innovation” (RRI). RRI applied to information and communication technology (ICT) addresses some of the limitations of computer ethics and points towards a broader approach to the governance of science, technology and innovation. Taking this development into account will help IS increase its relevance make optimal use of its established strengths
Fractional Adams-Moser-Trudinger type inequalities

Extending several works, we prove a general Adams-Moser-Trudinger type
inequality for the embedding of Bessel-potential spaces $\tilde
H^{\frac{n}{p},p}(\Omega)$ into Orlicz spaces for an arbitrary domain
$\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ with finite measure. In particular we prove
$$\sup_{u\in \tilde H^{\frac{n}{p},p}(\Omega),
\;\|(-\Delta)^{\frac{n}{2p}}u\|_{L^{p}(\Omega)}\leq
1}\int_{\Omega}e^{\alpha_{n,p} |u|^\frac{p}{p-1}}dx \leq c_{n,p}|\Omega|, $$
for a positive constant $\alpha_{n,p}$ whose sharpness we also prove. We
further extend this result to the case of Lorentz-spaces (i.e.
$(-\Delta)^\frac{n}{2p}u\in L^{(p,q)})$. The proofs are simple, as they use
Green functions for fractional Laplace operators and suitable cut-off
procedures to reduce the fractional results to the sharp estimate on the Riesz
potential proven by Adams and its generalization proven by Xiao and Zhai. We
also discuss an application to the problem of prescribing the $Q$-curvature and
some open problems.Comment: Added reference
"Hot Entanglement"? -- A Nonequilibrium Quantum Field Theory Scrutiny

The possibility of maintaining entanglement in a quantum system at finite,
even high, temperatures -- the so-called `hot entanglement' -- has obvious
practical interest, but also requires closer theoretical scrutiny. Since
quantum entanglement in a system evolves in time and is continuously subjected
to environmental degradation, a nonequilibrium description by way of open
quantum systems is called for. To identify the key issues and the contributing
factors that may permit `hot entanglement' to exist, or the lack thereof, we
carry out a model study of two spatially-separated, coupled oscillators in a
shared bath depicted by a finite-temperature scalar field. From the Langevin
equations we derived for the normal modes and the entanglement measure
constructed from the covariance matrix we examine the interplay between direct
coupling, field-induced interaction and finite separation on the structure of
late-time entanglement. We show that the coupling between oscillators plays a
crucial role in sustaining entanglement at intermediate temperatures and over
finite separations. In contrast, the field-induced interaction between the
oscillators which is a non-Markovian effect, becomes very ineffective at high
temperature. We determine the critical temperature above which entanglement
disappears to be bounded in the leading order by the inverse frequency of the
center-of-mass mode of the reduced oscillator system, a result not unexpected,
which rules out hot entanglement in such settings.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figure
Biological overlap of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder : evidence from copy number variants

Objective: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often co-occur and share genetic risks. The aim of this analysis was to determine more broadly whether ADHD and ASD share biological underpinnings. Method: We compared copy number variant (CNV) data from 727 children with ADHD and 5,081 population controls to data from 996 individuals with ASD and an independent set of 1,287 controls. Using pathway analyses, we investigated whether CNVs observed in individuals with ADHD have an impact on genes in the same biological pathways as on those observed in individuals with ASD. Results: The results suggest that the biological pathways affected by CNVs in ADHD overlap with those affected by CNVs in ASD more than would be expected by chance. Moreover, this was true even when specific CNV regions common to both disorders were excluded from the analysis. After correction for multiple testing, genes involved in 3 biological processes (nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signalling pathway, cell division, and response to drug) showed significant enrichment for case CNV hits in the combined ADHD and ASD sample. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate the presence of significant overlap of shared biological processes disrupted by large rare CNVs in children with these 2 neurodevelopmental conditions.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Loop Closing for Visual Pose Tracking during Close-Range 3-D Modeling

This work deals with the passive tracking of the pose of a close-range 3-D modeling device using its own high-rate images in realtime, concurrently with customary 3-D modeling of the scene by laser triangulation. Our former works in Refs. [1,2] successfully implemented visual pose tracking. Accuracy being a central requirement to 3-D modeling, however, here we note that accuracy can be further increased using a graph-based nonlinear optimization of the tracked pose by minimization of reprojection errors. Loop closures e.g. when having scanned all around the objects provide the opportunity to increase  pose tracking and 3-D modeling accuracy. The sparse optimization is in the form of a hybrid, keyframe-based bundle adjustment algorithm on stereo keyframes, yielding rapid optimization of the whole trajectory and object mesh model within a second. The optimization is supported by the use of appearance-based SURF descriptors together with a bank of parallel three-point-perspective pose solvers
Gut Microbiota Orchestrates Energy Homeostasis during Cold.

Microbial functions in the host physiology are a result of the microbiota-host co-evolution. We show that cold exposure leads to marked shift of the microbiota composition, referred to as cold microbiota. Transplantation of the cold microbiota to germ-free mice is sufficient to increase insulin sensitivity of the host and enable tolerance to cold partly by promoting the white fat browning, leading to increased energy expenditure and fat loss. During prolonged cold, however, the body weight loss is attenuated, caused by adaptive mechanisms maximizing caloric uptake and increasing intestinal, villi, and microvilli lengths. This increased absorptive surface is transferable with the cold microbiota, leading to altered intestinal gene expression promoting tissue remodeling and suppression of apoptosis-the effect diminished by co-transplanting the most cold-downregulated strain Akkermansia muciniphila during the cold microbiota transfer. Our results demonstrate the microbiota as a key factor orchestrating the overall energy homeostasis during increased demand
Kinematic alignment of non-interacting CALIFA galaxies Quantifying the impact of bars on stellar and ionised gas velocity field orientations

We present 80 stellar and ionised gas velocity maps from the Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area (CALIFA) survey in order to characterise the kinematic orientation of non interacting galaxies. The study of galaxies in isolation is a key step towards understanding how fast external processes, such as major mergers. affect kinematic properties in galaxies. We derived the global and individual (projected approaching and receding sides) kinematic position angles (PAs) for both the stellar and ionised gas line-of-sight velocity distributions. When compared to the photometric PA, we find that morpho-kinematic differences are smaller than 22 degrees in 90% of the sample for both stellar and nebular components and that internal kinematic misalignments are generally smaller than 16 degrees. We find a tight relation between the global stellar and ionised gas kinematic PA consistent with circular-flow pattern motions in both components (~90% of the sample has differences smaller than 16 degrees). This relation also holds, generally in barred galaxies across the bar and galaxy disc scales. Our findings suggest that even in the presence of strong bars, both the stellar and the gaseous components tend to follow the gravitational potential of the disc. As a result, kinematic orientation can be used to assess the degree of external distortions in interacting galaxies