pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Massive twistor particle with spin generated by Souriau–Wess–Zumino term and its quantization

We present a new model of <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></math> relativistic massive particle with spin and we describe its quantization. The model is obtained by an extension of standard relativistic phase space description of massive spinless particle by adding a new topological Souriau–Wess–Zumino term which depends on spin fourvector variable. We describe equivalently our model as given by the free two-twistor action with suitable constraints. An important tool in our derivation is the spin-dependent twistor shift, which modifies standard Penrose incidence relations. The quantization of the model provides the wave function with correct mass and spin eigenvalues
Maintenance cognitive stimulation therapy: an economic evaluation within a randomised controlled trial

Background Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is effective and cost-effective for people with mild-to-moderate dementia when delivered bi-weekly over seven weeks. Aims To examine whether longer-term (maintenance) CST is cost-effective when added to usual care. Methods Cost-effectiveness analysis within multicentre, single-blind, pragmatic randomised controlled trial; subgroup analysis for people taking acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (ACHEIs). 236 participants with mild-to-moderate dementia received CST for seven weeks. They were randomised to either weekly maintenance CST added to usual care or usual care alone for 24 weeks. Results Although outcome gains were modest over 6 months, maintenance CST appeared cost-effective when looking at self-rated quality of life as primary outcome, and cognition (MMSE) and proxy-rated quality-adjusted life years as secondary outcomes. CST in combination with ACHEIs offered cost-effectiveness gains when outcome was measured as cognition. Conclusions Continuation of CST is likely to be cost-effective for people with mild-to-moderate dementia. Trial registration Current controlled trials ISRCTN26286067
Tag-probe labeling methods for live-cell imaging of membrane proteins

Instead of using reconstituted proteoliposomes, in situ investigations of membrane proteins in living cell membranes are important because the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of biomembranes significantly affects their behavior. Protein-specific labeling is a key technique for the detection of a target protein by fluorescence measurements, particularly fluorescence microscopy. However, conventional genetic fusion with fluorescent proteins has several shortcomings. Post-translational labeling methods using a genetically encodable tag and synthetic probes targeting to the tag can overcome these limitations. This review summarizes emerging tag–probe techniques for labeling specific membrane proteins and their applications, including endocytotic internalization, partitioning to specific membrane domains, interprotein interactions, and conformational changes
Spatial and temporal seismicity clustering in Central-Northern Apennines: fluids and seismicity

The Northern Apennines (NAs) are composed by a NE verging thrust-fold belt formed as result of the
collision (Oligo-Miocene) between the European plate (Sardinia-Corsica block) and the Adriatic microplate,
once the westward subduction of the Tethyan oceanic lithosphere was completed (Alvarez, 1972; Reutter et
al., 1980; Argnani, 2002). This mountain chain is dominated by concomitant extension and compression in
two adjacent areas: inner zone of the belt and outer zone (Frepoli and Amato, 1997; Collettini and Barchi,
2002). Our study area is located in the inner zone characterised by Pliocene-Quaternary sedimentation
developed in grabens and half-grabens borded by normal faults. This tectonic extension process is associated
whith diffuse CO2 degassing (Chiodini et al., 2004). The question whether the CO2 has a metamorphic
and/or magmatic upper crust origin is more debated (Minissale et al., 2000; Chiodini et al., 2004; Minissale,
2004; Heinicke et al., 2006). Instrumental seismicity is concentrated in a relatively shallow layer that
deepens from the internal to external areas (Chiarabba and Amato, 2003). High fluid pressures (85% of the
lithostatic pressure) encountered at shallow crustal depth suggest that deep fluids from deeper layers could
play a key role in triggering earthquakes (Chiodini et al., 2004; Antonioli et al., 2005) and seem to control
also the spatio-temporal evolution of the seismicity (Piccinini & Antonioli, 2007). Our study area is confined
by the Upper Tiber Valley (NSE), Casentino (W), Mugello (NW) and the Montefeltro seismic area (NE). We
analysed the seismic events recorded both by the National Seismic Network (1981-2001, CSI 1.1; data-set
was extracted online, http://www.ingv.it/CSI/) and by two temporal local seismic networks installed by
INGV-Arezzo Observatory (OSCAR) during 2002-2003 (CAESAR experiment) and 2005-2006 (M88-2005
experiment). In order to obtain a better azimuthal coverage we integrated this data-set with on-line database
of the Rete Sismometrica Marchigiana (DBRSM, http://protezionecivile.regione.marche.it/dbrsm/) and
the monthly seismic bulletin of the INGV. We extracted the events located inside the area of interest in order
to retrieve a detailed local 1D velocity model used for successive location with VELEST-code (Kissling et
al., 1994) and relocation using HYPOELLIPSE (Lahr, 1989). We discuss the main seismicity patterns of
several seismic clusters by integrating the results of previous studies with newly determined hypocentral
locations and focal mechanisms. Our results are interpreted as a function of the historical seismicity, the
structural and geodynamic setting and the carbon dioxide degassing
Present geodynamics of the northern Adriatic plate

The northern Adriatic plate is surrounded and squeezed by three orogens
(i.e. Apennines, Alps and Dinarides). Therefore, in the same area, the effects of
three independent subduction zones coexist and overlap. This supports the
evidence that plate boundaries are passive features.
The northeastward migration of the Apennines subduction hinge
determines the present-day faster subsidence rate in the western side of the
northern Adriatic (>1 mm/yr). This is recorded also by the dip of the foreland
regional monocline, and the increase SW-ward of the depth of the Tyrrhenian
layer, as well as the increase in thickness of the Pliocene and Pleistocene
sediments. These data indicate the dominant influence of the Apennines
subduction and the related asymmetric subsidence in the northern Adriatic
realm. The Dinarides front has been subsided by the Apennines subduction
hinge, as shown by the eroded Dalmatian anticlines in the eastern Adriatic Sea.
GPS data show the horizontal pattern of motion along the front of the three
belts surrounding the northern Adriatic plate. Values of shortening along the
prisms are in the order of 2-3 mm/yr (Northern Apennines), 1-2 mm/yr
(Southern Alps) and <1mm/yr (Dinarides). The pattern of the new GPS
velocities relative to Eurasia account for different tectonic domains and the
estimated strain rates are within 0.1 μstrain/yr. The shortening directions tend
to be perpendicular to the thrust belt fronts, as expected. The areas where the
strain rate sharply decreases across a tectonic feature (e.g., the Ferrara salient)
are considered structures seismically loading the brittle laye
Cell-cycle regulation of NOTCH signaling during C. elegans vulval development.

C. elegans vulval development is one of the best-characterized systems to study cell fate specification during organogenesis. The detailed knowledge of the signaling pathways determining vulval precursor cell (VPC) fates permitted us to create a computational model based on the antagonistic interactions between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/RAS/MAPK and the NOTCH pathways that specify the primary and secondary fates, respectively. A key notion of our model is called bounded asynchrony, which predicts that a limited degree of asynchrony in the progression of the VPCs is necessary to break their equivalence. While searching for a molecular mechanism underlying bounded asynchrony, we discovered that the termination of NOTCH signaling is tightly linked to cell-cycle progression. When single VPCs were arrested in the G1 phase, intracellular NOTCH failed to be degraded, resulting in a mixed primary/secondary cell fate. Moreover, the G1 cyclins CYD-1 and CYE-1 stabilize NOTCH, while the G2 cyclin CYB-3 promotes NOTCH degradation. Our findings reveal a synchronization mechanism that coordinates NOTCH signaling with cell-cycle progression and thus permits the formation of a stable cell fate pattern.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
On the oscillation of species.

We describe a new class of BPS objects called magnetubes: their supersymmetry is determined by their magnetic charges, while their electric charges can oscillate freely between different species. We show how to incorporate these objects into microstate geometries and create BPS solutions in which the charge densities rotate through different U(1) species as one moves around a circle within the microstate geometry. Our solutions have the same “time-like” supersymmetry as five-dimensional, three-charge black holes but, in various parts of the solution, the supersymmetry takes the “null” form that is normally associated with magnetic charges. It is this property that enables the species oscillation of magnetubes to be compatible with supersymmetry. We give an example in which the species oscillate non-trivially around a circle within a microstate geometry, and yet the energy-momentum tensor and metric are completely independent of this circle: only the amplitude of the oscillation influences the metric
Trace element budgets and (re-)distribution during subduction-zone ultrahigh pressure metamorphism : evidence from Western Tianshan, China.

We have conducted an LA-ICP-MS in situ trace element study of garnet, epidote group minerals, phengitic muscovite and paragonite in rocks of basaltic and sedimentary protolith from an ultrahigh pressure metamorphic belt along Western Tianshan, China. The data are used to evaluate the capacity of these minerals for hosting incompatible elements in response to subduction-zone metamorphism (SZM). The results confirm existing studies in that the presence and stability of these minerals largely control the geochemical behaviors of elements during SZM.\ud
\ud
We found that redistribution of rare earth elements (REEs), Th and U into newly-formed minerals during progressive SZM precludes the release of these elements from the down-going ocean crust, which contradicts the common perception in models of slab-dehydration and flux-melting. This suggests that additional processes, such as the involvement of supercritical fluids or hydrous melts formed at depth are required to supply these elements to the mantle wedge for arc magmatism. In addition, the ready release of large ion lithophile elements (LILEs) by different minerals, and the high immobility of REEs in rocks of basaltic protolith indicate that the contribution of altered ocean crust after SZM may not be responsible for the correlated Sr–Nd (Hf) isotope systematics observed in oceanic basalts. That is, subducted ocean crust that has gone through SZM cannot be the major source material for ocean island basalts
Submarine landform assemblages and sedimentary processes related to glacier surging in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard.

High-resolution swath-bathymetry data from inner Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, reveal characteristic landform assemblages formed during and after surges of tidewater glaciers, and provide new insights into the dynamics of surging glaciers. Glacier front oscillations and overriding related to surge activity lead to the formation of overridden moraines, glacial lineations of two types, terminal moraines, associated debris lobes and De Geer moraines. In contrast to submarine landform assemblages from other Svalbard fjords, the occurrence of two kinds of glacial lineations and the presence of De Geer moraines suggest variability in the landforms produced by surge-type tidewater glaciers. All the landforms in inner Kongsfjorden were deposited during the last c. 150 years. Lithological and acoustic data from the innermost fjord reveal that suspension settling from meltwater plumes as well as ice rafting are dominant sedimentary processes in the fjord, leading to the deposition of stratified glacimarine muds with variable numbers of clasts. Reworking of sediments by glacier surging results in the deposition of sediment lobes containing massive glacimarine muds. Two sediment cores reveal minimum sediment accumulation rates related to the Kongsvegen surge from 1948; these were 30 cm a-1 approximately 2.5 km beyond the glacier front shortly after surge termination, and rapidly dropped to an average rate of 1.8 cm a-1 in ∼ 1950, during glacier retreat
Conceptual fragmentation and the rise of eliminativism.

Pluralist and eliminativist positions have proliferated within both science and philosophy of science in recent decades. This paper asks the question why this shift of thinking has occurred, and where it is leading us. We provide an explanation which, if correct, entails that we should expect pluralism and eliminativism to transform other debates currently unaffected, and for good reasons. We then consider the question under what circumstances eliminativism will be appropriate, arguing that it depends not only on the term in question, but also on the context of discussion and details of the debate at hand. The resultant selective eliminativism is an appealing compromise for various ‘pluralists’ and ‘eliminativists’ who are currently locking horns
IVF in Sri Lanka : a concise history of regulatory impasse.

This article outlines the development of IVF in Sri Lanka from the first successful births in the late 1990s and over the subsequent 15 years. It is based on anthropological fieldwork carried out at various points during this period. The piece focuses on the challenges entailed in achieving regulation of the new reproductive technologies against a backdrop of: (i) a bitter civil war; (ii) a complex mosaic of different religious traditions (specifically, Buddhism, Catholicism, Hinduism and Islam); and (iii) a shift towards neo-liberal marketization, particularly in relation to specialist and hi-tech medical interventions. The article concludes that ‘soft’ regulation operates both to avoid conflict around highly contentious issues in debates about reproductive rights as well as to enable commercially driven developments in technologically specialised areas of medicine
Associated production of a top pair and a Higgs boson beyond NLO.

We consider soft gluon emission corrections to the production of a top-antitop pair in association with a Higgs boson at hadron colliders. In particular, we present a soft-gluon resummation formula for this production process and gather all elements needed to evaluate it at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order. We employ these results to obtain approximate next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) formulas, and implement them in a bespoke parton-level Monte Carlo program which can be used to calculate the total cross section along with arbitrary differential distributions. We use this tool to study the phenomenological impact of the approximate NNLO corrections, finding that they increase the total cross section and the differential distributions which we evaluated in this work
Stoichiometric control of co-crystal formation by solvent free continuous co-crystallization (SFCC)

Reproducible control of stoichiometry and difficulties in large scale production have been\ud
identified as two of the major challenges to commercial uptake of pharmaceutical co-crystals.\ud
The aim of this research was to extend the application of SFCC to control stoichiometry in\ud
caffeine: maleic acid co-crystals. Both 1:1 and 2:1 caffeine: maleic acid co-crystals were\ud
produced by control of the feedstock composition and process conditions. It was also\ud
observed that formation of 2:1 stoichiometry co-crystals involved formation of a 1:1 cocrystal\ud
which was subsequently transformed to 2:1 co-crystals. The investigation of\ud
stoichiometric transformation revealed that although 1:1 co-crystals could be converted into\ud
2:1 form with addition of excess caffeine, the reverse was not possible in the presence of\ud
excess maleic acid. However, conversion from 2:1 into 1:1 was only achieved by melt\ud
seeding with the phase pure 1:1 co-crystals. This investigation demonstrates that\ud
stoichiometric control can be achieved by SFCC by control of parameters such as extrusion\ud
temperature
Massless conformal fields, AdS_{d+1}/CFT_d higher spin algebras and
  their deformations

We extend our earlier work on the minimal unitary representation of $SO(d,2)$
and its deformations for $d=4,5$ and $6$ to arbitrary dimensions $d$. We show
that there is a one-to-one correspondence between the minrep of $SO(d,2)$ and
its deformations and massless conformal fields in Minkowskian spacetimes in $d$
dimensions. The minrep describes a massless conformal scalar field, and its
deformations describe massless conformal fields of higher spin. The generators
of Joseph ideal vanish identically as operators for the quasiconformal
realization of the minrep, and its enveloping algebra yields directly the
standard bosonic $AdS_{(d+1)}/CFT_d$ higher spin algebra. For deformed minreps
the generators of certain deformations of Joseph ideal vanish as operators and
their enveloping algebras lead to deformations of the standard bosonic higher
spin algebra. In odd dimensions there is a unique deformation of the higher
spin algebra corresponding to the spinor singleton. In even dimensions one
finds infinitely many deformations of the higher spin algebra labelled by the
eigenvalues of Casimir operator of the little group $SO(d-2)$ for massless
representations.Comment: 41 pages; LaTeX file; Minor improvements in presentation; Typos
  corrected; References added; Version published in NP
An M-dwarf star in the transition disk of Herbig HD 142527; Physical
  parameters and orbital elements

HD 142527A is one of the most studied Herbig Ae/Be stars with a transitional
disk, as it has the largest imaged gap in any protoplanetary disk: the gas is
cleared from 30 to 90 AU. The HD142527 system is also unique in that it has a
stellar companion with a small mass compared to the mass of the primary star.
This factor of ~20 in mass ratio between the two objects makes this binary
system different from any other YSO. The HD142527 system could therefore
provide a valuable test bed. This low-mass stellar object may be responsible
for both the gap and dust trapping observed by ALMA at longer distances. We
observed this system with the NACO and GPI instruments using the aperture
masking technique. Aperture masking is ideal for providing high dynamic range
even at very small angular separations. We present the spectral energy
distribution for HD142527A and B. Brightness of the companion is now known from
the R band up to the M' band. We also followed the orbital motion of HD 142527B
over a period of more than two years. The SED of the companion is compatible
with a T=3000+/-100K object in addition to a 1700K blackbody environment
(likely a circus-secondary disk). From evolution models, we find that it is
compatible with an object of mass 0.13+/-0.03Msun, radius 0.90+/-0.15Rsun, and
age $1.0^{+1.0}_{-0.75}$Myr. This age is significantly younger than the age
previously estimated for HD142527A. Computations to constrain the orbital
parameters found a semi major axis of $140^{+120}_{-70}$mas, an eccentricity of
0.5+/-0.2, an inclination of 125+/-15 degrees, and a position angle of the
right ascending node of -5+/-40 degrees. Inclination and position angle of the
ascending node are in agreement with an orbit coplanar with the inner disk, not
coplanar with the outer disk. Despite its high eccentricity, it is unlikely
that HD142527B is responsible for truncating the inner edge of the outer disk.Comment: published in A&A; 8 page
Generalization of the model-independent Laurent-Pietarinen
  single-channel pole-extraction formalism to multiple channels

A method to extract resonance pole information from single-channel
partial-wave amplitudes based on a Laurent (Mittag-Leffler) expansion and
conformal mapping techniques has recently been developed. This method has been
applied to a number of reactions and provides a model-independent extraction
procedure which is particularly useful in cases where a set of amplitudes is
available only at descrete energies. This method has been generalized and
applied to the case of a multi-channel fit, where several sets of amplitudes
are analysed simultaneously. The importance of unitarity constraints is
discussed. The final result provides a powerful, model-independent tool for
analyzing partial-wave amplitudes of coupled or connected channels based
entirely on the concepts of analyticity and unitarity
$X(3872)$ production and absorption in a hot hadron gas

We calculate the time evolution of the $X(3872)$ abundance in the hot hadron
gas produced in the late stage of heavy ion collisions. We use effective field
Lagrangians to obtain the production and dissociation cross sections of
$X(3872)$. In this evaluation we include diagrams involving the anomalous
couplings $\pi D^*\bar{D}^*$ and $X \bar{D}^{\ast} D^{\ast}$ and also the
couplings of the $X(3872)$ with charged $D$ and $D^*$ mesons. With these new
terms the $X(3872)$ interaction cross sections are much larger than those found
in previous works. Using these cross sections as input in rate equations, we
conclude that during the expansion and cooling of the hadronic gas, the number
of $X(3872)$, originally produced at the end of the mixed QGP/hadron gas phase,
is reduced by a factor of 4.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure
Association of PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with breast and ovarian cancer risk in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers: Results from a multicenter study

Background: The variable penetrance of breast cancer in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers suggests that other genetic or environmental factors modify breast cancer risk. Two genes of special interest are prohibitin (PHB) and methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), both of which are important either directly or indirectly in maintaining genomic integrity. Methods: To evaluate the potential role of genetic variants within PHB and MTHFR in breast and ovarian cancer risk, 4102 BRCA1 and 2093 BRCA2 mutation carriers, and 6211 BRCA1 and 2902 BRCA2 carriers from the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 (CIMBA) were genotyped for the PHB 1630 C>T (rs6917) polymorphism and the MTHFR 677 C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism, respectively. Results: There was no evidence of association between the PHB 1630 C>T and MTHFR 677 C>T polymorphisms with either disease for BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers when breast and ovarian cancer associations were evaluated separately. Analysis that evaluated associations for breast and ovarian cancer simultaneously showed some evidence that BRCA1 mutation carriers who had the rare homozygote genotype (TT) of the PHB 1630 C>T polymorphism were at increased risk of both breast and ovarian cancer (HR 1.50, 95%CI 1.10-2.04 and HR 2.16, 95%CI 1.24-3.76, respectively). However, there was no evidence of association under a multiplicative model for the effect of each minor allele. Conclusion: The PHB 1630TT genotype may modify breast and ovarian cancer risks in BRCA1 mutation carriers. This association need to be evaluated in larger series of BRCA1 mutation carriers