pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Jet Flavour Identification at the CLIC Multi-TeV $e^{+}e^{-}$ Collider

Jet flavour identification in multi-TeV e+e- collisions is expected to provide insights on new phenomena at scales beyond those probed by the LHC. The anticipated high track density and jet collimation represent a new challenge to jet tagging algorithms. A method, based on the sampling of the jet charged multiplicity, sensitive to the long decay length and large decay multiplicity of heavy flavour hadrons is proposed and the expected performances for the tagging of e+e- -> bb events at 3 TeV are discussed
Benchmark Calculations for the Triton Binding Energy for Modern NN
  Forces and the pi-pi Exchange Three-Nucleon Force

We present high precision benchmark calculations for the triton binding
energy using the most recent, phase equivalent realistic nucleon-nucleon (NN)
potentials and the Tuscon-Melbourne pi-pi three-nucleon force (3NF). That 3NF
is included with partial waves up to a total two-body angular momentum of
j_max=6. It is shown that the inclusion of the 3NF slows down the convergence
in the partial waves and j_max=5 is needed in order to achieve converged
results within a few keV. We adjust the cut-off parameter Lambda in the form
factors of the Tuscon-Melbourne 3NF separately for the different NN potentials
to the triton binding energy. This provides a set of phenomenological
three-nucleon Hamiltonians which can be tested in three-nucleon scattering and
systems with A>3. A connection between the probability to find two nucleons at
short distances in the triton and the effect of that 3NF on the triton binding
energy is pointed out.Comment: 18 pages REVTeX, 3 figure
Geometrically designed, variable knot regression splines

A new method of Geometrically Designed least squares (LS) splines with variable knots, named GeDS, is proposed. It is based on the property that the spline regression function, viewed as a parametric curve, has a control polygon and, due to the shape preserving and convex hull properties, it closely follows the shape of this control polygon. The latter has vertices whose x-coordinates are certain knot averages and whose y-coordinates are the regression coefficients. Thus, manipulation of the position of the control polygon may be interpreted as estimation of the spline curve knots and coefficients. These geometric ideas are implemented in the two stages of the GeDS estimation method. In stage A, a linear LS spline fit to the data is constructed, and viewed as the initial position of the control polygon of a higher order (n > 2) smooth spline curve. In stage B, the optimal set of knots of this higher order spline curve is found, so that its control polygon is as close to the initial polygon of stage A as possible and finally, the LS estimates of the regression coefficients of this curve are found. The GeDS method produces simultaneously linear, quadratic, cubic (and possibly higher order) spline fits with one and the same number of B-spline coefficients. Numerical examples are provided and further supplemental materials are available online
Measuring effectiveness, efficiency and equity in a Payments for Ecosystem Services trial.

There is currently a considerable effort to evaluate the performance of payments for ecosystem services (PES) as an environmental management tool. The research presented here contributes to this work by using an experimental design to evaluate PES as a tool for supporting biodiversity conservation in the context of an African protected area. The trial employed a 'before and after' and 'with and without' design. We present the results of social and ecological surveys to investigate the impacts of the PES in terms of its effectiveness, efficiency and equity. We find the PES to be effective at bringing about additional conservation outcomes. However, we also found that increased monitoring is similarly effective in the short term, at lower cost. The major difference - and arguably the significant contribution of the PES - was that it changed the motives for protecting the park and improved local perceptions both of the park and its authority. We discuss the implications of these results for conservation efficiency, arguing that efficiency should not be defined in terms of short-term cost-effectiveness, but also in terms of the sustainability of behavioral motives. This insight helps us to resolve the apparent trade-off between goals of equity and efficiency in PES
Analysis of combined radial velocities and activity of BD+20 1790:
  evidence supporting the existence of a planetary companion

This paper presents the simultaneous Bayesian analysis of the radial velocity
and activity indices for the K5Ve active star BD+20 1790, that was proposed to
host a close-in massive planet by Hern\'an-Obispo et al. (2010). The Bayesian
analysis supports the hypothesis of a planetary companion. We present a new
orbital solution after removing the two main contributions to the stellar
jitter, one that varies with the photometric period and another that varies
with the synodic period of the star+planet system. We use a new method to
determine these jitter components, considering them as a second and third
signals in the system. A discussion on possible magnetic
star-planet-interaction is included, based on the Bayesian analysis of the
activity indices. We propose two possible sources for flare events of this
star: one related to the geometry of the system and the relative movement of
the star+planet, and a second one purely stochastic source that is related to
the evolution of stellar active regions. Also, we observe for the first time
the magnetic field of the star, from spectropolarimetric data.Comment: 17 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication at A\&A (!2 January
  2015
QCD evolution of (un)polarized gluon TMDPDFs and the Higgs
  $q_T$-distribution

We provide the proper definition of all the leading-twist (un)polarized gluon
transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDPDFs), by
considering the Higgs boson transverse momentum distribution in hadron-hadron
collisions and deriving the factorization theorem in terms of them. We show
that the evolution of all the (un)polarized gluon TMDPDFs is driven by a
universal evolution kernel, which can be resummed up to
next-to-next-to-leading-logarithmic accuracy. Considering the proper definition
of gluon TMDPDFs, we perform an explicit next-to-leading-order calculation of
the unpolarized ($f_1^g$), linearly polarized ($h_1^{\perp g}$) and helicity
($g_{1L}^g$) gluon TMDPDFs, and show that, as expected, they are free from
rapidity divergences. As a byproduct, we obtain the Wilson coefficients of the
refactorization of these TMDPDFs at large transverse momentum. In particular,
the coefficient of $g_{1L}^g$, which has never been calculated before,
constitutes a new and necessary ingredient for a reliable phenomenological
extraction of this quantity, for instance at RHIC or the future AFTER@LHC or
Electron-Ion Collider. The coefficients of $f_1^g$ and $h_1^{\perp g}$ have
never been calculated in the present formalism, although they could be obtained
by carefully collecting and recasting previous results in the new TMD
formalism. We apply these results to analyze the contribution of linearly
polarized gluons at different scales, relevant, for instance, for the inclusive
production of the Higgs boson and the $C$-even pseudoscalar bottomonium state
$\eta_{b}$. Applying our resummation scheme we finally provide predictions for
the Higgs boson $q_T$-distribution at the LHC.Comment: 36 pages, 9 figures. v2: typos corrected, references added,
  discussion on resummation and analysis of theoretical uncertainties improved,
  JHEP version. v3: gluon helicity coefficient corrected, corresponding plots
  updated, typos fixed, references added. v4: typo fixed. v5: typos fixe
Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward
  rapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=2.76$ TeV

The elliptic flow, $v_{2}$, of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at
forward rapidity ($2.5 < y < 4$) is measured in Pb--Pb collisions at
$\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$~=~2.76 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar
product, two- and four-particle $Q$ cumulants and Lee-Yang zeros methods are
used. The dependence of the $v_2$ of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on
the collision centrality, in the range 0--40\%, and on transverse momentum,
$p_{\rm T}$, is studied in the interval $3 < p_{\rm T} < 10$~GeV/$c$. A
positive $v_2$ is observed with the scalar product and two-particle $Q$
cumulants in semi-central collisions (10--20\% and 20--40\% centrality classes)
for the $p_{\rm T}$ interval from 3 to about 5 GeV/$c$. The $v_2$ magnitude
tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing $p_{\rm
T}$. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval $6<p_{\rm T}<10~{\rm
GeV/}c$. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy
quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in
high-energy heavy-ion collisions. The model calculations describe the measured
$v_2$ within uncertainties.Comment: 25 pages, 4 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 20,
  submitted to PLB, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/173
Measurement of the branching ratio $\Gamma(\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow
  \psi(2S)\Lambda^0)/\Gamma(\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow J/\psi\Lambda^0)$ with the
  ATLAS detector

An observation of the $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \psi(2S) \Lambda^0$ decay and
a comparison of its branching fraction with that of the $\Lambda_b^0
\rightarrow J/\psi \Lambda^0$ decay has been made with the ATLAS detector in
proton--proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8\,$TeV at the LHC using an integrated
luminosity of $20.6\,$fb$^{-1}$. The $J/\psi$ and $\psi(2S)$ mesons are
reconstructed in their decays to a muon pair, while the $\Lambda^0\rightarrow
p\pi^-$ decay is exploited for the $\Lambda^0$ baryon reconstruction. The
$\Lambda_b^0$ baryons are reconstructed with transverse momentum $p_{\rm
T}>10\,$GeV and pseudorapidity $|\eta|<2.1$. The measured branching ratio of
the $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow \psi(2S) \Lambda^0$ and $\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow
J/\psi \Lambda^0$ decays is $\Gamma(\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow
\psi(2S)\Lambda^0)/\Gamma(\Lambda_b^0 \rightarrow J/\psi\Lambda^0) = 0.501\pm
0.033 ({\rm stat})\pm 0.019({\rm syst})$, lower than the expectation from the
covariant quark model.Comment: 12 pages plus author list (28 pages total), 5 figures, 1 table,
  published on Physics Letters B 751 (2015) 63-80. All figures are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/BPHY-2013-08
The accretion dynamics of EX Lupi in quiescence : the star, the spot, and the accretion column

Context. EX Lupi is a young, accreting M0 star and the prototype of EXor variable stars. Its spectrum is very rich in emission lines, including many metallic lines with narrow and broad components. The presence of a close companion has also been proposed, based on radial velocity signatures. Aims: We use the metallic emission lines to study the accretion structures and to test the companion hypothesis. Methods: We analyse 54 spectra obtained during five years of quiescence time. We study the line profile variability and the radial velocity of the narrow and broad metallic emission lines. We use the velocity signatures of different species with various excitation conditions and their time dependency to track the dynamics associated with accretion. Results: We observe periodic velocity variations in the broad and the narrow line components, consistent with rotational modulation. The modulation is stronger for lines with higher excitation potentials (e.g. He II), which are likely produced in a confined area very close to the accretion shock. Conclusions: We propose that the narrow line components are produced in the post-shock region, while the broad components originate in the more extended, pre-shock material in the accretion column. All the emission lines suffer velocity modulation due to the rotation of the star. The broad components are responsible for the line-dependent veiling observed in EX Lupi. We demonstrate that a rotationally modulated line-dependent veiling can explain the radial velocity signature of the photospheric absorption lines, making the close-in companion hypothesis unnecessary. The accretion structure is locked to the star and very stable during the five years of observations. Not all stars with similar spectral types and accretion rates show the same metallic emission lines, which could be related to differences in temperature and density in their accretion structure(s). The contamination of photospheric signatures by accretion-related processes can be turned into a very useful tool for determining the innermost details of the accretion channels in the proximity of the star. The presence of emission lines from very stable accretion columns will nevertheless be a very strong limitation for the detection of companions by radial velocity in young stars, given the similarity of the accretion-related signatures with those produced by a companion. Appendices are available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.orgPostprintPeer reviewe
Search for direct production of charginos and neutralinos in events with three leptons and missing transverse momentum in √s = 7 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for the direct production of charginos and neutralinos in final states with three electrons or muons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is based on 4.7 fb−14.7 fb−1 of View the MathML sources=7 TeV proton–proton collision data delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded with the ATLAS detector. Observations are consistent with Standard Model expectations in three signal regions that are either depleted or enriched in Z-boson decays. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set in R-parity conserving phenomenological minimal supersymmetric models and in simplified models, significantly extending previous results
Differential branching fractions and isospin asymmetries of $B \to K^{(*)}\mu^{+}\mu^{-}$ decays

The isospin asymmetries of $B \to K\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B \to K^{*}\mu^+\mu^-$ decays and the partial branching fractions of the $B^0 \to K^0\mu^+\mu^-$, $B^+ \to K^+\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B^+ \to K^{*+}\mu^+\mu^-$ decays are measured as functions of the dimuon mass squared, $q^2$. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 3$~$fb$^{-1}$ from proton-proton collisions collected with the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of 7$\,$TeV and 8$\,$TeV in 2011 and 2012, respectively. The isospin asymmetries are both consistent with the Standard Model expectations. The three measured branching fractions, while individually consistent, all favour lower values than their respective Standard Model predictions
Suppression of Υ (1S) at forward rapidity in Pb– Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV

We report on the measurement of the inclusive Υ (1S) production in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV carried out at forward rapidity (2.5 &lt; y &lt; 4) and down to zero transverse momentum using its μ+μ− decay channel with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. A strong suppression of the inclusive Υ (1S) yield is observed with respect to pp collisions scaled by the number of independent nucleon– nucleon collisions. The nuclear modification factor, for events in the 0–90% centrality range, amounts to 0.30 ± 0.05(stat) ± 0.04(syst). The observed Υ (1S) suppression tends to increase with the centrality of the collision and seems more pronounced than in corresponding mid-rapidity measurements. Our results are compared with model calculations, which are found to underestimate the measured suppression and fail to reproduce its rapidity dependence
Search for narrow resonances in dilepton mass spectra in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A search for narrow, high-mass resonances decaying to electron or muon pairs has been performed using pp collision data collected at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV by the CMS experiment in 2011. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of approximately 5 inverse femtobarns. The event yields observed in the signal regions are consistent with predictions of the standard model backgrounds, and upper limits on the cross section times branching fraction for a resonance decaying to dileptons are extracted from a shape analysis of the dilepton invariant mass distribution. The resulting mass limits at 95% confidence level are 2330 GeV for the Z' in the Sequential Standard Model, 2000 GeV for the superstring-inspired Z'(psi) resonance, 890 (540) GeV for the Stueckelberg extension Z'(St) with the mass parameter epsilon = 0.06 (0.04), and 2140 (1810) GeV for Kaluza--Klein gravitons with the coupling parameter k/Mbar(Pl) of 0.10 (0.05). These limits are the most stringent to date
Baryogenesis and asymmetric dark matter from the left–right mirror symmetric model

The paper suggests a left–right mirror symmetric model to account for the baryogenesis and asymmetric dark matter. The model can simultaneously accommodate the standard model, neutrino physics, matter–antimatter asymmetry and dark matter. In particular, it naturally and elegantly explains the origin of the baryon and dark matter asymmetries, and clearly gives the close interrelations of them. In addition, the model predicts a number of interesting results, e.g. that the cold dark matter neutrino mass is 3.1 times the proton mass. It is also feasible and promising to test the model in future experiments
The thermal scalar and random walks in AdS 3 and BTZ

We analyze near-Hagedorn thermodynamics of strings in the WZW AdS 3 model. We compute the thermal spectrum of all primaries and find the thermal scalar explicitly in the string spectrum using CFT twist techniques. Then we use the link to the Euclidean WZW BTZ black hole and write down the Euclidean BTZ spectrum. We give a Hamiltonian interpretation of the thermal partition function of angular orbifolds where we find a reappearance of discrete states that dominate the partition function. Using these results, we discuss the nature of the thermal scalar in the WZW BTZ model. As a slight generalization of the angular orbifolds, we discuss the AdS 3 string gas with a non-zero chemical potential corresponding to angular momentum around the spatial cigar. For this model as well, we determine the thermal spectrum and the Hagedorn temperature as a function of chemical potential. Finally the nature of α ′ corrections to the AdS 3 thermal scalar action is analyzed and we find the random walk behavior of highly excited strings in this particular AdS 3 background
Deformations of large N = (4 , 4) 2D SCFT from 3D gauged supergravity

Supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric deformations of large N = (4 , 4) SCFT with superconformal symmetry D 1 (2 , 1; α ) × D 1 (2 , 1; α ) are explored in the gravity dual described by a Chern-Simons N = 8, (SO(4) × SO(4)) ⋉ T 12 gauged supergravity in three dimensions. For α > 0, the gauged supergravity describes an effective theory of the maximal supergravity in nine dimensions on AdS 3 × S 3 × S 3 with the parameter α being the ratio of the two S 3 radii. We consider the scalar manifold of the supergravity theory of the form SO(8 , 8) / SO(8) × SO(8) and find a number of stable non-supersymmetric AdS 3 critical points for some values of α . These correspond to non-supersymmetric IR fixed points of the UV N = (4 , 4) SCFT dual to the maximally supersymmetric critical point. We study the associated RG flow solutions interpolating between these fixed points and the UV N = (4 , 4) SCFT. Possible supersymmetric flows to non-conformal field theories and half-supersymmetric domain walls within this gauged supergravity are also investigated
New public management and professionals in the public sector:What new patterns beyond opposition?

The proliferation of reforms in public administration based on the principles and instruments of the " New Public Management" (NPM) have triggered protest from and collective action by many professional groups in various sectors (healthcare, education, justice, social work, research...) and raised questions about the future of professionals working in the public service, particularly as concerns their autonomy. However, after analyzing the situation, it seems that the opposition between NPM and certain professional groups is not the last word in the debate. Should changes be seen as the decline of professional groups and of their autonomy or as a transformation of professional models, an overhaul of professionalism, etc.? Such questions, which current events in France and Europe have brought to the fore, are food for ongoing sociological thought. They are broached here empirically, from the field, applying varied levels of analysis and research. The contributors to this dossier explore the different forms of tension existing between professional groups and NPM. © 2012 Elsevier Masso
Effect of conductivity and frequency on detection of heterogeneities in solid/liquidinterfaces using localelectrochemical impedance: Theoretical and experimentalstudy

This short communication demonstrates, by solving the Laplace equation with proper boundary conditions (BC) using finite element method (FEM), that it is not possible to establish a correlation between what happens in the electrolyte near an active boundary and what really occurs at the actual boundary if adequate ranges of conductivity and input AC signal frequency are not selected, especially when inhomogeneities approximated by Neumann BC are present. Experimental evidence obtained by local electrochemical impedance mapping (LEIM) support the theoretical results.This work has been supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain (MAT2006-04486 and IPT-020000-2010-0001 Projects).Peer reviewe
Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde measurements in urban atmosphere\ud
impacted by the use of ethanol biofuel: Metropolitan Area of Sao Paulo\ud
(MASP), 2012–2013

There is a consensus that particulate matter and gases pollutants originating from industry and vehicle\ud
emission processes in urban areas are important from the point of view of public health and climate\ud
change. Local anthropogenic emissions, especially those resulting from energy generation processes from\ud
the industrial and transport sector, are connected with those occurring at the regional and global scales. A\ud
major concern in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo (MASP) is the impact of the large scale use of ethanol\ud
as a fuel and as an additive for Otto vehicles. In this study, atmospheric concentrations of ozone, nitrogen\ud
oxides (NO and NO2), formaldehyde and acetaldehyde were measured in the MASP in Brazil, over four\ud
seasons in 2012 and 2013. The results were compared with data collected in previous studies. Our results\ud
demonstrate that, although there was a large increase in the number of vehicles in the MASP that use\ud
ethanol (‘‘flex-fuel’’ vehicles), technological advances in vehicle emissions control have prevented any\ud
significant increase in the atmospheric concentrations of aldehydes. In addition, an increase in the\ud
formaldehyde/acetaldehyde ratio has been observed.FAPESP - 2008/58104-8, 2011/18777-6CAPES/PROEXCNPqCETES
On the experience of conducting a Systematic Review in Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology: Yes it is Worthwhile

Systematic Review methodology (SRm) is an increasingly popular choice for literature reviews in the Social Sciences. While compared to traditional narrative reviews SRm appears time-consuming and laborious, transparency and replicability of the methodology is argued to facilitate greater clarity of review. Nevertheless, researchers in Industrial, Work, and Organizational (IWO) Psychology have yet to embrace this methodology. Drawing on experience from conducting a Systematic Review (SR) of individual workplace performance we explore the premise: The advantages of SRm to IWO Psychology researchers outweigh the disadvantages. We offer observations, insights, and potential solutions to challenges faced during the reviewing process, concluding that SRm is worthwhile for IWO Psychology researcher