pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
GOODS-ALMA : 1.1 mm galaxy survey.

Aims. We present a 69 arcmin2 ALMA survey at 1.1 mm, GOODS-ALMA, matching the deepest HST-WFC3 H-band part of the GOODS-South field.\ud
\ud
Methods. We tapered the 0″24 original image with a homogeneous and circular synthesized beam of 0″60 to reduce the number of independent beams – thus reducing the number of purely statistical spurious detections – and optimize the sensitivity to point sources. We extracted a catalog of galaxies purely selected by ALMA and identified sources with and without HST counterparts down to a 5σ limiting depth of H = 28.2 AB (HST/WFC3 F160W).\ud
\ud
Results. ALMA detects 20 sources brighter than 0.7 mJy at 1.1 mm in the 0″60 tapered mosaic (rms sensitivity σ ≃ 0.18 mJy beam−1) with a purity greater than 80%. Among these detections, we identify three sources with no HST nor Spitzer-IRAC counterpart, consistent with the expected number of spurious galaxies from the analysis of the inverted image; their definitive status will require additional investigation. We detect additional three sources with HST counterparts either at high significance in the higher resolution map, or with different detection-algorithm parameters ensuring a purity greater than 80%. Hence we identify in total 20 robust detections.\ud
\ud
Conclusions. Our wide contiguous survey allows us to push further in redshift the blind detection of massive galaxies with ALMA with a median redshift of z = 2.92 and a median stellar mass of M⋆ = 1.1 × 1011 M⊙. Our sample includes 20% HST-dark galaxies (4 out of 20), all detected in the mid-infrared with Spitzer-IRAC. The near-infrared based photometric redshifts of two of them (z ∼ 4.3 and 4.8) suggest that these sources have redshifts z >  4. At least 40% of the ALMA sources host an X-ray AGN, compared to ∼14% for other galaxies of similar mass and redshift. The wide area of our ALMA survey provides lower values at the bright end of number counts than single-dish telescopes affected by confusion
An all-sky optical catalogue of radio/X-ray sources

Original article can be found at: http://www.aanda.org/ Copyright The European Southern Observatory DOI : 10.1051/0004-6361:20041076We present an all-sky catalogue that aligns and overlays the ROSAT HRI, RASS, PSPC and WGA X-ray catalogues and the NVSS, FIRST and SUMSS radio catalogues onto the optical APM and USNO-A catalogues. Objects presented are those APM/USNO-A optical objects which are calculated with ???40% confidence to be associated with radio/X-ray detections, or which are identified as known QSOs, AGN or BL Lacs, totalling 501 761 objects in all, including 48 285 QSOs and 21 498 double radio lobe detections. For each radio/X-ray associated optical object we display the calculated percentage probabilities of its being a QSO, galaxy, star, or erroneous radio/X-ray association, plus any identification from the literature. The catalogue includes 86 009 objects which were not previously identified and which we list as being 40% to >99% likely to be a QSO. As a byproduct of the construction of this catalogue, we are able to list comprehensive ROSAT field shifts as determined by our whole-sky likelihood algorithm, and also plate-by-plate photometric recalibration of the complete APM and USNO-A2.0 optical catalogues, significantly improving accuracy for objects of >15 mag. The catalogue is available wholly and in subsets at http://quasars.org/qorg-data.ht
A singularly perturbed semilinear reaction-diffusion problem in a polygonal domain

The semilinear reaction-di®usion equation ¡"24u+b(x; u) = 0 with Dirichlet bound-ary conditions is considered in a convex polygonal domain. The singular perturbation parameter ε is arbitrarily small, and the “reduced equation” b(x, u0 (x)) = 0 may have multiple solutions. An asymptotic expansion for u is constructed that involves boundary and corner layer functions. By perturbing this asymptotic expansion, we obtain certain sub- and super-solutions and thus show the existence of a solution u that is close to the constructed asymptotic expansion. The polygonal boundary forces the study of the nonlinear autonomous elliptic equation −Dz + f (z) = 0 posed in an infinite sector, and then well-posedness of the corresponding linearized problem
The structure of zonal jets in geostrophic turbulence

The structure of zonal jets arising in forced-dissipative, two-dimensional turbulent flow on the β-plane is investigated using high-resolution, long-time numerical integrations, with particular emphasis on the late-time distribution of potential vorticity. The structure of the jets is found to depend in a simple way on a single nondimensional parameter, which may be conveniently expressed as the ratio LRh/Lg, where LRh = √U/β and Lg = (ε/β3)1/5 are two natural length scales arising in the problem; here U may be taken as the r.m.s. velocity, β is the background gradient of potential vorticity in the north–south direction, and ε is the rate of energy input by the forcing. It is shown that jet strength increases with LRh/Lg, with the limiting case of the potential vorticity staircase, comprising a monotonic, piecewise-constant profile in the north–south direction, being approached for LRh/Lg ∼ 0(10). At lower values, eddies created by the forcing become sufficiently intense to continually disrupt the steepening of potential vorticity gradients in the jet cores, preventing strong jets from developing. Although detailed features such as the regularity of jet spacing and intensity are found to depend on the spectral distribution of the forcing, the approach of the staircase limit with increasing LRh/Lg is robust across a variety of different forcing types considered.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
(International Congress on Ultrasonics, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, January 2009)

A tensor Hankel transform'' (THT) is defined for vector fields, such as displacement, and second-order tensor fields, such as stress or strain. The THT establishes a bijection between the real space and the wave-vector domain, and, remarkably, cannot be reduced to a scalar transform applied separately to each component. One of the advantages of this approach is that some standard elasticity problems can be concisely rewritten by applying this tensor integral transform coupled with an azimuthal Fourier series expansion. A simple and compact formulation of the boundary conditions is also achieved. Thanks to the THT, we obtain for each azimuthal wavenumber and each azimuthal direction exactly the same wave equation as for a standard 2D model of elastic wave propagation. Thus, waves similar to the standard plane P, SV and SH waves are naturally found. Lastly, the THT is used to calculate the ultrasonic field in an isotropic cylindrical leaky waveguide, the walls of which radiating into a surrounding elastic medium, by using a standard scattering approach
Measurement with the ATLAS detector of multi-particle azimuthal correlations in p+Pb collisions at root sNN= 5.02 TeV

ATLAS Collaboration members: P. Jackson, N. Soni, M.J. White for the University of Adelaide, South Australia.In order to study further the long-range correlations ("ridge") observed recently in p+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV, the second-order azimuthal anisotropy parameter of charged particles, v2, has been measured with the cumulant method using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. In a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of approximately 1μb⁻¹, the parameter v2 has been obtained using two- and four-particle cumulants over the pseudorapidity range |η|<2.5. The results are presented as a function of transverse momentum and the event activity, defined in terms of the transverse energy summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. They show features characteristic of collective anisotropic flow, similar to that observed in Pb+Pb collisions. A comparison is made to results obtained using two-particle correlation methods, and to predictions from hydrodynamic models of p+Pb collisions. Despite the small transverse spatial extent of the p+Pb collision system, the large magnitude of v2 and its similarity to hydrodynamic predictions provide additional evidence for the importance of final-state effects in p+Pb reactions.ATLAS Collaboratio
A horizon scan of global conservation issues for 2014

This paper presents the output of our fifth annual horizon-scanning exercise, which aims to identify topics that increasingly may affect conservation of biological diversity, but have yet to be widely considered. A team of professional horizon scanners, researchers, practitioners, and a journalist identified 15 topics which were identified via an iterative, Delphi-like process. The 15 topics include a carbon market induced financial crash, rapid geographic expansion of macroalgal cultivation, genetic control of invasive species, probiotic therapy for amphibians, and an emerging snake fungal disease. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd
The 2d-Directed Spanning Forest is almost surely a tree

We consider the Directed Spanning Forest (DSF) constructed as follows: given
a Poisson point process N on the plane, the ancestor of each point is the
nearest vertex of N having a strictly larger abscissa. We prove that the DSF is
actually a tree. Contrary to other directed forests of the literature, no
Markovian process can be introduced to study the paths in our DSF. Our proof is
based on a comparison argument between surface and perimeter from percolation
theory. We then show that this result still holds when the points of N
belonging to an auxiliary Boolean model are removed. Using these results, we
prove that there is no bi-infinite paths in the DSF.Comment: 6 figure
Noether Symmetry Approach in f(R) Tachyon Model

In this Letter by utilizing the Noether symmetry approach in cosmology, we
attempt to find the tachyon potential via the application of this kind of
symmetry to a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric. We reduce the
system of equations to simpler ones and obtain the general class of the
tachyon's potential function and $f(R)$ functions. We have found that the
Noether symmetric model results in a power law $f(R)$ and an inverse fourth
power potential for the tachyonic field. Further we investigate numerically the
cosmological evolution of our model and show explicitly the behavior of the
equation of state crossing the cosmological constant boundary.Comment: 12 pages, 1 figure. matches published version in Physics Letters
Measurement of the B+- production cross-section in pp collisions at
  sqrt(s)=7 TeV

The production of B+- mesons in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV is
studied using 35 pb-1 of data collected by the LHCb detector. The B+- mesons
are reconstructed exclusively in the B+- -> J/psi K+- mode, with J/psi -> mu+
mu-. The differential production cross-section is measured as a function of the
B+- transverse momentum in the fiducial region 0 < pT < 40 GeV/c and with
rapidity 2.0 < y < 4.5. The total cross-section, summing up B+ and B-, is
measured to be sigma(pp -> B+- X, 0 < pT < 40 GeV/c, 2.0 < y < 4.5) = 41.4 +-
1.5 (stat.) +- 3.1 (syst.) mub.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, submitted to JHE
Measurement of the cross section for top-quark pair production in pp
  collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector using final states with
  two high-pt leptons

A measurement is reported of the production cross section of top-quark pairs
in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded with
the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Candidate events have a signature consistent
with containing two isolated leptons, large missing transverse momentum, and at
least two jets. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity
of 0.70 fb^-1, a t-tbar production cross section sigmattbar=176 +/-5 (stat) +14
-11 (syst) +/- 8 (lum.) pb is measured for an assumed top-quark mass of m_t =
172.5 GeV.Comment: 14 pages plus author list (37 pages total), 3 figures, 2 tables,
  revised author list, matches JHEP versio
Tunneling between two semiconductors with localized electrons: Can it
  reveal the Coulomb gap?

It is shown that the voltage dependence of the tunneling conductance between
two lightly doped semiconductors, which are separated by an large area
tunneling barrier, can reveal the high energy part of the Coulomb gap if the
barrier is thick enough. At the barrier thickness smaller than average distance
between impurities no Coulomb gap feature can be found. This happens because
such tunneling is sensitive to very rare shortest pairs of occupied and empty
states localized at opposite sides of the barrier, whose density of states in
this limit has no Coulomb gap. Small area tunneling contacts are also
discussed. It is shown that the tunneling conductance of a point-like contact
exponentialy grows with the applied voltage. This dependence does not permit a
direct measurement of the Coulomb gap, but indirectly has information about it.Comment: Proc. of 9th conference "Hopping and related phenomena", Shefaim,
  Israel, September 200
Diffractive Photoproduction of J/psi Mesons with Large Momentum Transfer
  at HERA

The diffractive photoproduction of J/psi mesons is measured with the H1
detector at the ep collider HERA using an integrated luminosity of 78 pb^-1.
The differential cross section d sigma(gamma p -> J/psi Y) / d t is studied in
the range 2 < |t| < 30 GeV^2, where t is the square of the four-momentum
transferred at the proton vertex. The cross section is also presented as a
function of the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy W in three t intervals,
spanning the range 50 < W < 200 GeV. A fast rise of the cross section with W is
observed for each t range and the slope for the effective linear Pomeron
trajectory is measured to be alpha^\prime= -0.0135 \pm 0.0074 (stat.) \pm
0.0051 (syst.) GeV^-2. The measurements are compared with perturbative QCD
models based on BFKL and DGLAP evolution. The data are found to be compatible
with s-channel helicity conservation.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures and 6 table
Logarithmic Corrections to Scaling in the Two Dimensional $XY$--Model

By expressing thermodynamic functions in terms of the edge and density of
Lee--Yang zeroes, we relate the scaling behaviour of the specific heat to that
of the zero field magnetic susceptibility in the thermodynamic limit of the
$XY$--model in two dimensions. Assuming that finite--size scaling holds, we
show that the conventional Kosterlitz--Thouless scaling predictions for these
thermodynamic functions are not mutually compatable unless they are modified by
multiplicative logarithmic corrections. We identify these logarithmic
corrections analytically in the case of the specific heat and numerically in
the case of the susceptibility. The techniques presented here are general and
can be used to check the compatibility of scaling behaviour of odd and even
thermodynamic functions in other models too.Comment: 11 pages, latex, 4 figure
Production of doubly charmed tetraquarks with exotic color
  configurations in electron-positron collisions

Structure and production of doubly charmed tetraquarks T_cc (cc ubar dbar)
are studied from the viewpoint of color configurations. Based on the diquark
correlation, the tetraquark T_cc with I(JP)=0(1+) is considered to be stable
against strong decay. We discuss that the mixing probability of color
antitriplet and sextet cc components in T_cc is suppressed by 1/m_c^2, so the
two configurations are separately realized in the heavy quark limit. Utilizing
the nonrelativistic QCD framework, we evaluate the production cross sections of
T_cc in electron-positron collisions. The momentum dependence of the cross
section of color antitriplet is found to be different from that of sextet,
which can be used to discriminate the color structure of the T_cc states in
experimental measurements.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in Phys. Lett.
Are deviation from bi-maximal mixing and none-zero U_{e3} related to
  non-degeneracy of heavy Majorana neutrinos?

We propose a scenario that the mass splitting between the first generation of
the heavy Majorana neutrino and the other two generations of degenerate heavy
neutrinos in the seesaw framework is responsible for the deviation of the solar
mixing angle from the maximal mixing, while keeping the maximal mixing between
the tau and muon neutrinos as it is. On top of the scenario, we show that the
tiny breaking of the degeneracy of the two heavy Majorana neutrinos leads to
the non-zero small mixing angle $U_{e3}$ in the PMNS matrix and the little
deviation of the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle from the maximal mixing.Comment: 12 pages, model claified, references added and correcte
Higgs boson mass, neutrino masses and mixing and keV dark matter in an
  $U(1)_R-$ lepton number model

We discuss neutrino masses and mixing in the framework of a supersymmetric
model with an $U(1)_{R}$ symmetry, consisting of a single right handed neutrino
superfield with an appropriate R charge. The lepton number ($L$) of the
standard model fermions are identified with the negative of their R-charges. As
a result, a subset of leptonic R-parity violating operators can be present and
are consistent with the $U(1)_R$ symmetry. This model can produce one light
Dirac neutrino mass at the tree level without the need of introducing a very
small neutrino Yukawa coupling. We analyze the scalar sector of this model in
detail paying special attention to the mass of the lightest Higgs boson. One of
the sneutrinos might acquire a substantial vacuum expectation value leading to
interesting phenomenological consequences. Different sum rules involving the
physical scalar masses are obtained and we show that the lightest Higgs boson
mass receives a contribution proportional to the square of the neutrino Yukawa
coupling $f$. This allows for a 125 GeV Higgs boson at the tree level for $f
\sim {\cal O} (1)$ and still having a small tree level mass for the active
neutrino. In order to fit the experimental results involving neutrino masses
and mixing angles we introduce a small breaking of $U(1)_R$ symmetry, in the
context of anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking. In the presence of this
small R-symmetry breaking, light neutrino masses receive contributions at the
one-loop level involving the R-parity violating interactions. We also identify
the right handed sterile neutrino as a warm dark matter candidate in our model.
In the case of R-symmetry breaking, the large $f$ case is characterized by a
few hundred MeV lightest neutralino as an unstable lightest supersymmetric
particle (LSP) and we briefly discuss the cosmological implications of such a
scenario.Comment: Minor corrections in the text, figure 9.6 and 9.7 modified, eq. (66)
  added, matches with the published version in JHE
Reactions between cold methyl halide molecules and alkali-metal atoms

We investigate the potential energy surfaces and activation energies for
reactions between methyl halide molecules CH$_{3}X$ ($X$ = F, Cl, Br, I) and
alkali-metal atoms $A$ ($A$ = Li, Na, K, Rb) using high-level {\it ab initio}
calculations. We examine the anisotropy of each intermolecular potential energy
surface (PES) and the mechanism and energetics of the only available exothermic
reaction pathway, ${\rm CH}_{3}X+A\rightarrow{\rm CH}_{3}+AX$. The region of
the transition state is explored using two-dimensional PES cuts and estimates
of the activation energies are inferred. Nearly all combinations of methyl
halide and alkali-metal atom have positive barrier heights, indicating that
reactions at low temperatures will be slow.Comment: Version accepted by J. Chem. Phys, Nov 2013. 10 pages, 5 figure
Orbifold finiteness under geometric and spectral constraints

The class of Riemannian orbifolds of dimension n defined by a lower bound on
the sectional curvature and the volume and an upper bound on the diameter has
only finitely many members up to orbifold homeomorphism. Furthermore, any class
of isospectral Riemannian orbifolds with a lower bound on the sectional
curvature is finite up to orbifold homeomorphism.Comment: 11 pages. V2 only adds the following comment: that the material in
  this article has now been inserted, without substantial changes, in
  arXiv:1401.0531, which has now been published in the Journal of Geometric
  Analysi
8D Likelihood Effective Higgs Couplings Extraction Framework in the
  Golden Channel

In this paper we build a comprehensive analysis framework to perform direct
extraction of all possible effective Higgs couplings to neutral electroweak
gauge bosons in the decay to electrons and muons, the so called `golden
channel'. Our framework is based on a maximum likelihood method constructed
from analytic expressions of the fully differential cross sections for $h
\rightarrow 4\ell$ and for the dominant irreducible $q\bar{q} \rightarrow
4\ell$ background, where $4\ell = 2e2\mu, 4e, 4\mu$. Detector effects are
included by an explicit convolution of these analytic expressions with the
appropriate transfer function over all center of mass variables. Using the full
set of decay observables, we construct an unbinned 8-dimensional detector-level
likelihood function which is continuous in the effective couplings and includes
systematic uncertainties. We consider all possible $ZZ$, $Z\gamma$ and
$\gamma\gamma$ couplings, allowing for general CP odd/even admixtures and any
possible phases. We describe how the convolution is performed and demonstrate
the validity and power of the framework with a number of supporting checks and
example fits. The framework can be used to perform a variety of multi-parameter
extractions, including their correlations, to determine the Higgs couplings to
neutral electroweak gauge bosons using data obtained at the LHC and other
future colliders.Comment: technical details moved to addendum. version to be published in
  journa
Minimal area submanifolds in AdS x compact

We describe the asymptotic behavior of minimal area submanifolds in product
spacetimes of an asymptotically hyperbolic space times a compact internal
manifold. In particular, we find that unlike the case of a minimal area
submanifold just in an asymptotically hyperbolic space, the internal part of
the boundary submanifold is constrained to be itself a minimal area
submanifold. For applications to holography, this tells us what are the allowed
"flavor branes" that can be added to a holographic field theory. We also give a
compact geometric expression for the spectrum of operator dimensions associated
with the slipping modes of the submanifold in the internal space. We illustrate
our results with several examples, including some that haven't appeared in the
literature before.Comment: 24 pages, no figure
Coulomb branch Hilbert series and Three Dimensional Sicilian Theories

We evaluate the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of mirrors of three dimensional
Sicilian theories, which arise from compactifying the $6d$ $(2,0)$ theory with
symmetry $G$ on a circle times a Riemann surface with punctures. We obtain our
result by gluing together the Hilbert series for building blocks
$T_{\mathbf{\rho}}(G)$, where $\mathbf{\rho}$ is a certain partition related to
the dual group of $G$, which we evaluated in a previous paper. The result is
expressed in terms of a class of symmetric functions, the Hall-Littlewood
polynomials. As expected from mirror symmetry, our results agree at genus zero
with the superconformal index prediction for the Higgs branch Hilbert series of
the Sicilian theories and extend it to higher genus. In the $A_1$ case at genus
zero, we also evaluate the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of the Sicilian theory
itself, showing that it only depends on the number of external legs.Comment: v1: 45 pages and 7 figures; v2: minor revision, version to appear in
  JHE