pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Need for Further Integration of Services to Prevent Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Syphilis in Mwanza City, Tanzania.

To assess the operational integration of maternal HIV testing and syphilis screening in Mwanza, Tanzania. Interviews were conducted with 76 health workers (HW) from three antenatal clinics (ANC) and three maternity wards in 2008-2009 and 1137 consecutive women admitted for delivery. Nine ANC health education sessions and client flow observations were observed. Only 25.0% of HWs reported they had received training in both prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) and syphilis screening. HIV and syphilis tests were sometimes performed in different rooms and results recorded in separate registers with different formats and the results were not always given by the same person. At delivery, most women had been tested for both HIV (79.4%) and syphilis (88.1%) during pregnancy. Of those not tested antenatally for each infection, 70.1% were tested for HIV at delivery but none for syphilis. Integration of maternal HIV and syphilis screening was limited. Integrated care guidelines and related health worker training should address this gap
Common skin infection due to Panton-Valentine leucocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus strains in asylum seekers from Eritrea: a genome-based investigation of a suspected outbreak.

Since late 2014, multiple cases of abscesses and boils due to methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) expressing the Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL) were observed in Eritrean asylum seekers in Lausanne, Switzerland. Strains isolated from infected Eritrean and non-Eritrean patients were compared by whole genome sequencing to determine whether these numerous cases result from an outbreak. The genome of S. aureus PVL-producing strains were sequenced and compared. Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients infected by PVL-producing strains were investigated. This work reports 15 cases of infections due to PVL-producing strains affecting mostly asylum seekers (n = 10), people working with refugees and/or exposed to Africans (n = 3). Most infections were due to closely related strains of CC152 (n = 8) and CC15 (n = 3), two distantly related (&gt;34 000 core single nucleotide polymorphisms) clonal complexes. An epidemiological link between the 15 cases could be ruled out by whole genome sequencing (33 to 172 core single nucleotide polymorphisms between the different strains of a given complex). Altogether, these results reflect the probable high incidence of CC15 and CC152 PVL-producing strains in eastern Africa. Clinicians facing unusual skin infections in African refugees (or in any person returning from this region of high endemicity) should consider S. aureus PVL-producer before suspecting rare infections such as leishmaniasis or rickettsiosis. Clinicians should also remember that PVL are frequently expressed by MSSA in some regions of the world and that antibiotics that are efficient on toxin expression, such as clindamycin, represent the best therapeutic option
Search for new physics in the multijet and missing transverse momentum final state in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

A search for new physics is performed in multijet events with large missing transverse momentum produced in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.5 fb[superscript −1] collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample is divided into three jet multiplicity categories (3-5, 6-7, and ≥8 jets), and studied further in bins of two variables: the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta and the missing transverse momentum. The observed numbers of events in various categories are consistent with backgrounds expected from standard model processes. Exclusion limits are presented for several simplified supersymmetric models of squark or gluino pair production.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio
SIMULTANEOUS MULTI-BAND RADIO AND X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF THE GALACTIC CENTER MAGNETAR SGR 1745–2900

We report on multi-frequency, wideband radio observations of the Galactic Center magnetar (SGR 1745–2900) with the Green Bank Telescope for ~100 days immediately following its initial X-ray outburst in 2013 April. We made multiple simultaneous observations at 1.5, 2.0, and 8.9 GHz, allowing us to examine the magnetar's flux evolution, radio spectrum, and interstellar medium parameters (such as the dispersion measure (DM), the scattering timescale, and its index). During two epochs, we have simultaneous observations from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, which permitted the absolute alignment of the radio and X-ray profiles. As with the two other radio magnetars with published alignments, the radio profile lies within the broad peak of the X-ray profile, preceding the X-ray profile maximum by ~0.2 rotations. We also find that the radio spectral index γ is significantly negative between ~2 and 9 GHz; during the final ~30 days of our observations γ ~ -1.4, which is typical of canonical pulsars. The radio flux has not decreased during this outburst, whereas the long-term trends in the other radio magnetars show concomitant fading of the radio and X-ray fluxes. Finally, our wideband measurements of the DMs taken in adjacent frequency bands in tandem are stochastically inconsistent with one another. Based on recent theoretical predictions, we consider the possibility that the DM is frequency-dependent. Despite having several properties in common with the other radio magnetars, such as L[subscript X,qui]/L[subscript rot] [< over ~] 1, an increase in the radio flux during the X-ray flux decay has not been observed thus far in other systems
Search for high mass dilepton resonances in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This article presents a search for high mass e e or mu mu resonances in pp
collisions at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS
experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of
~40/pb. No statistically significant excess above the Standard Model
expectation is observed in the search region of dilepton invariant mass above
110 GeV. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the cross section
times branching ratio of Z' resonances decaying to dielectrons and dimuons as a
function of the resonance mass. A lower mass limit of 1.048 TeV on the
Sequential Standard Model Z' boson is derived, as well as mass limits on Z* and
E(6)-motivated Z' models
Measurement of the inclusive jet cross-section in proton-proton collisions at √s=7  TeV using 4.5 fb⁻¹ of data with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive jet cross-section is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV using a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.5 fb⁻¹ collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. Jets are identified using the anti-k t algorithm with radius parameter values of 0.4 and 0.6. The double-differential cross-sections are presented as a function of the jet transverse momentum and the jet rapidity, covering jet transverse momenta from 100 GeV to 2 TeV. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations corrected for non-perturbative effects and electroweak effects, as well as Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order matrix elements interfaced to parton showering, are compared to the measured cross-sections. A quantitative comparison of the measured cross-sections to the QCD calculations using several sets of parton distribution functions is performed
Measurement of W+W− production in association with one jet in proton–proton collisions at View the MathML sources=8TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production of W boson pairs in association with one jet in pp   collisions at View the MathML sources=8 TeV is studied using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb−1 collected by the ATLAS detector during 2012 at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The cross section is measured in a fiducial phase-space region defined by the presence of exactly one electron and one muon, missing transverse momentum and exactly one jet with a transverse momentum above 25 GeV and a pseudorapidity of |η|<4.5|η|<4.5. The leptons are required to have opposite electric charge and to pass transverse momentum and pseudorapidity requirements. The fiducial cross section is found to be View the MathML sourceσWWfid,1-jet=136±6(stat)±14(syst)±3(lumi) fb. In combination with a previous measurement restricted to leptonic final states with no associated jets, the fiducial cross section of WW   production with zero or one jet is measured to be View the MathML sourceσWWfid,≤1-jet=511±9(stat)±26(syst)±10(lumi) fb. The ratio of fiducial cross sections in final states with one and zero jets is determined to be 0.36±0.050.36±0.05. Finally, a total cross section extrapolated from the fiducial measurement of WW production with zero or one associated jet is reported. The measurements are compared to theoretical predictions and found in good agreement
Roaming form factors for the tricritical to critical Ising flow.

We study the massless flows described by the staircase model introduced by Al.B. Zamolodchikov through the analytic continuation of the sinh-Gordon S-matrix, focusing on the renormalisation group flow from the tricritical to the critical Ising model. We show that the properly defined roaming limits of certain sinh-Gordon form factors are identical to the form factors of the order and disorder operators for the massless flow. As a by-product, we also construct form factors for a semi-local field in the sinh-Gordon model, which can be associated with the twist field in the ultraviolet limiting free massless bosonic theory
On the mechanism of biological activation by tritium

The mechanism of biological activation by beta-emitting radionuclide tritium was studied. Luminous marine bacteria were used as a bioassay to monitor the biological effect of tritium with luminescence intensity as the physiological parameter tested. Two different types of tritium sources were used: HTO molecules distributed regularly in the surrounding aqueous medium, and a solid source with tritium atoms fixed on its surface (tritium-labeled films, 0.11, 0.28, 0.91, and 2.36 MBq/cm2). When using the tritium-labeled films, tritium penetration into the cells was prevented. The both types of tritium sources revealed similar changes in the bacterial luminescent kinetics: a delay period followed by bioluminescence activation. No monotonic dependences of bioluminescence activation efficiency on specific radioactivities of the films were found. A 15-day exposure to tritiated water (100 MBq/L) did not reveal mutations in bacterial DNA. The results obtained give preference to a “non-genomic” mechanism of bioluminescence activation by tritium. An activation of the intracellular bioluminescence process develops without penetration of tritium atoms into the cells and can be caused by intensification of trans-membrane cellular processes stimulated by ionization and radiolysis of aqueous media
Quark–meson coupling model based upon the Nambu–Jona Lasinio model

AbstractThe NJL model for the octet baryons, using proper time regularisation to simulate some of the features of confinement, is solved self-consistently in nuclear matter. This provides an alternative framework to the MIT bag model which has been used in the quark–meson coupling model. After fitting the parameters of the model to the saturation properties of symmetric nuclear matter the model is used to explore the equation of state of pure neutron matter as well as nuclear matter at densities relevant to heavy ion collisions. With a view to future studies of high mass neutron stars, the binding of hyperons is also explored
Noncommutative multi-instantons on R2n×S2

AbstractGeneralizing self-duality on R2×S2 to higher dimensions, we consider the Donaldson–Uhlenbeck–Yau equations on R2n×S2 and their noncommutative deformation for the gauge group U(2). Imposing SO(3) invariance (up to gauge transformations) reduces these equations to vortex-type equations for an Abelian gauge field and a complex scalar on R2nθ. For a special S2-radius R depending on the noncommutativity θ we find explicit solutions in terms of shift operators. These vortex-like configurations on R2nθ determine SO(3)-invariant multi-instantons on R2nθ×S2R for R=R(θ). The latter may be interpreted as sub-branes of codimension 2n inside a coincident pair of noncommutative Dp-branes with an S2 factor of suitable size
Formation of mega-scale glacial lineations on the Dubawnt Lake Ice Stream bed: 2. Sedimentology and stratigraphy

AbstractMega-scale glacial lineations (MSGLs) are highly elongate, subglacial landforms produced beneath zones of fast-flowing ice. While qualitative data on their morphology have existed for several decades, studies of their composition and sedimentology are comparatively rare. Sediment exposures along the course of the Finnie River in Nunavut, northern Canada, provide a window into the internal stratigraphy and sedimentology of MSGLs formed by the Dubawnt Lake Palaeo-Ice Stream during regional deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Stratigraphic sections record evidence for an initial advance of ice into the study area followed by ice sheet recession and deposition of glacifluvial and glacilacustrine outwash. Subsequently, the Dubawnt Lake Palaeo-Ice Stream overrode and reworked this outwash subglacially forming an ‘MSGL till’. This till comprises a sandy, red diamicton facies, forming the core of the MSGL ridges and containing variably deformed lenses, stringers and rafts of outwash. The sedimentology of this diamicton is consistent with an origin as a glacitectonite and hybrid till formed by a combination of non-pervasive subglacial sediment deformation and lodgement. Facies variations from stratified to massive diamicton reflect, in turn, variations in strain and subglacial transport distance. The occurrence of stratified glacifluvial sediments within these ridges and the well-preserved nature of many of the sandy inclusions within the diamicton imply relatively short transport distances and incomplete mixing. MSGLs under the Dubawnt Lake Palaeo-Ice Stream formed through a combination of subglacial erosion and deposition. This included non-pervasive, subglacial sediment deformation and the reworking of pre-existing sediment depocentres during streaming flow. These results highlight the importance of sediment supply to MSGL formation with the presence of abundant pre-existing sediments which were subsequently overridden being critical to lineation formation
Asymptotic behaviour of the stochastic Lotka–Volterra model

AbstractThis paper examines the asymptotic behaviour of the stochastic extension of a fundamentally important population process, namely the Lotka–Volterra model. The stochastic version of this process appears to have far more intriguing properties than its deterministic counterpart. Indeed, the fact that a potential deterministic population explosion can be prevented by the presence of even a tiny amount of environmental noise shows the high level of difference which exists between these two representations
Chlorophyll breakdown in higher plants

AbstractChlorophyll breakdown is an important catabolic process of leaf senescence and fruit ripening. Structure elucidation of colorless linear tetrapyrroles as (final) breakdown products of chlorophyll was crucial for the recent delineation of a chlorophyll breakdown pathway which is highly conserved in land plants. Pheophorbide a oxygenase is the key enzyme responsible for opening of the chlorin macrocycle of pheophorbide a characteristic to all further breakdown products. Degradation of chlorophyll was rationalized by the need of a senescing cell to detoxify the potentially phototoxic pigment, yet recent investigations in leaves and fruits indicate that chlorophyll catabolites could have physiological roles. This review updates structural information of chlorophyll catabolites and the biochemical reactions involved in their formation, and discusses the significance of chlorophyll breakdown. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Regulation of Electron Transport in Chloroplasts
Inverse decays and the relic density of the sterile sneutrino

AbstractWe consider a weak scale supersymmetric seesaw model where the higgsino is the next-to-lightest supersymmetric particle and the right-handed sneutrino is the dark matter candidate. It is shown that, in this model, inverse decays, which had been previously neglected, may suppress the sneutrino relic density by several orders of magnitude. After including such processes and numerically solving the appropriate Boltzmann equation, we study the dependence of the relic density on the μ parameter, the sneutrino mass, and the neutrino Yukawa coupling. We find that, even though much smaller than in earlier calculations, the sneutrino relic density is still larger than the observed dark matter density
Gauge invariance and asymptotic behavior for the Ginzburg–Landau equations of superconductivity

AbstractIn this paper we study the gauge invariance of the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equations through the introduction of a model which uses observable variables. We observe that the various choices of gauge lead to a different representation of such variables and therefore to a different definition of the weak solution of the problem. With a suitable decomposition of the unknown fields, related to the choice of London gauge, we examine the Ginzburg–Landau equations and deduce some energy estimates which prove the existence of a maximal attractor for the system
Human capital and international portfolio diversification: A reappraisal

AbstractWe study the implications of human capital hedging for international portfolio choice. First, we document that, at the household level, the degree of home country bias in equity holdings is increasing in the labor income to financial wealth ratio. Second, we show that a heterogeneous agent model in which households face short selling constraints and labor income risk, calibrated to match both micro and macro labor income and asset returns data, can both rationalize this finding and generate a large aggregate home country bias in portfolio holdings. Third, we find that the empirical evidence supporting the belief that the human capital hedging motive should skew domestic portfolios toward foreign assets, is driven by an econometric misspecification rejected by the data
High-spin states beyond the proton drip-line: Quasiparticle alignments in 113Cs

AbstractExcited states have been studied in the deformed proton emitter 113Cs. Gamma-ray transitions have been unambiguously assigned to 113Cs by correlation with its characteristic proton decay, using the method of recoil-decay tagging. Two previously identified rotational bands have been observed and extended to tentative spins of 45/2 and 51/2ħ, with excitation energies over 8 MeV above the lowest state. These are the highest angular momenta and excitation energies observed to date in any nucleus beyond the proton drip-line. Transitions in the bands have been rearranged compared to previous work. A study of aligned angular momenta, in comparison to the predictions of Woods–Saxon cranking calculations, is consistent with the most intense band being based on the πg7/2[422]3/2+ configuration, which would contradict the earlier πh11/2 assignment, and with the second band being based on the πd5/2[420]1/2+ configuration. The data suggest that the band based upon the πh11/2 configuration is not observed
Harmless R-parity violation from Z12−I compactification of E8×E8′ heterotic string

AbstractIn a recent Z12−I orbifold model, an approximate Z2 symmetry which forbids the baryon number violating operators up to sufficiently high orders is found. The dimension-4 ΔB≠0 operators of the MSSM fields occur at dimension 10. The effective dimension-5 ΔB≠0 operators derived from these are harmless if some VEVs of neutral singlets are O(110) times the string scale. The main reason for forbidding these ΔB≠0 operators up to such a high order is the large order N=12 of ZN since the H-momentum rule is (−1,1,1) mod (12,3,12). For a lower order N<12, the ΔB≠0 operators would appear at lower dimensions
Approximate probability propagation with mixtures of truncated exponentials

AbstractMixtures of truncated exponentials (MTEs) are a powerful alternative to discretisation when working with hybrid Bayesian networks. One of the features of the MTE model is that standard propagation algorithms can be used. However, the complexity of the process is too high and therefore approximate methods, which tradeoff complexity for accuracy, become necessary. In this paper we propose an approximate propagation algorithm for MTE networks which is based on the Penniless propagation method already known for discrete variables. We also consider how to use Markov Chain Monte Carlo to carry out the probability propagation. The performance of the proposed methods is analysed in a series of experiments with random networks
Does CPT violation affect the Bd meson life times and decay asymmetries?

AbstractWe study indirect CPT violating effects in Bd meson decays and mixing, taking into account the recent constraints on the CPT violating parameters from the Belle Collaboration. The life time difference of the Bd meson mass eigenstates, expected to be negligible in the standard model and many of its CPT conserving extensions, could be sizeable (∼ a few percent of the total width) due to breakdown of this fundamental symmetry. The time evolution of the direct CP violating asymmetries in one amplitude dominated processes (inclusive semileptonic Bd decays, in particular) turn out to be particularly sensitive to this effect
Abū al-Wafā’ Latinus? A study of method

AbstractThis article studies the legacy in the West of Abū al-Wafā’s Book on those geometric constructions which are necessary for craftsmen. Although two-thirds of the geometric constructions in the text also appear in Renaissance works, a joint analysis of original solutions, diagram lettering, and probability leads to a robust finding of independent discovery. The analysis shows that there is little chance that the similarities between the contents of Abū al-Wafā’s Book and the works of Tartaglia, Marolois, and Schwenter owe anything to historical transmission. The commentary written by Kamāl al-Dīn Ibn Yūnus seems to have had no Latin legacy, either
Single neutral pion production by charged-current ν¯μ interactions on hydrocarbon at 〈Eν〉=3.6 GeV

AbstractSingle neutral pion production via muon antineutrino charged-current interactions in plastic scintillator (CH) is studied using the MINERvA detector exposed to the NuMI low-energy, wideband antineutrino beam at Fermilab. Measurement of this process constrains models of neutral pion production in nuclei, which is important because the neutral-current analog is a background for ν¯e appearance oscillation experiments. The differential cross sections for π0 momentum and production angle, for events with a single observed π0 and no charged pions, are presented and compared to model predictions. These results comprise the first measurement of the π0 kinematics for this process