pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Recurrence relations for the ${\cal W}_3$ conformal blocks and ${\cal
  N}=2$ SYM partition functions

Recursion relations for the sphere $4$-point and torus $1$-point ${\cal W}_3$
conformal blocks, generalizing Alexei Zamolodchikov's famous relation for the
Virasoro conformal blocks are proposed. One of these relations is valid for any
4-point conformal block with two arbitrary and two special primaries with
charge parameters proportional to the highest weight of the fundamental irrep
of $SU(3)$. The other relation is designed for the torus conformal block with a
special (in above mentioned sense) primary field insertion. AGT relation maps
the sphere conformal block and the torus block to the instanton partition
functions of the ${\cal N}=2$ $SU(3)$ SYM theory with 6 fundamental or an
adjoint hypermultiplets respectively. AGT duality played a central role in
establishing these recurrence relations, whose gauge theory counterparts are
novel relations for the $SU(3)$ partition functions with $N_f=6$ fundamental or
an adjoint hypermultiplets. By decoupling some (or all) hypermultiplets,
recurrence relations for the asymptotically free theories with $0\le N_f<6$ are
found.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures; minor corrections, published versio
Transmutation of a Trans-series: The Gross-Witten-Wadia Phase Transition

We study the change in the resurgent asymptotic properties of a trans-series
in two parameters, a coupling $g^2$ and a gauge index $N$, as a system passes
through a large $N$ phase transition, using the universal example of the
Gross-Witten-Wadia third-order phase transition in the unitary matrix model.
This transition is well-studied in the immediate vicinity of the transition
point, where it is characterized by a double-scaling limit Painlev\'e II
equation, and also away from the transition point using the pre-string
difference equation. Here we present a complementary analysis of the transition
at all coupling and all finite N, in terms of a differential equation, using
the explicit Tracy-Widom mapping of the Gross-Witten-Wadia partition function
to a solution of a Painlev\'e III equation. This mapping provides a simple
method to generate trans-series expansions in all parameter regimes, and to
study their transmutation as the parameters are varied. For example, at any
finite N the weak coupling expansion is divergent, with a non-perturbative
trans-series completion; on the other hand, the strong coupling expansion is
convergent, and yet there is still a non-perturbative trans-series completion.
We show how the different instanton terms `condense' at the transition point to
match with the double-scaling limit trans-series. We also define a uniform
large N strong-coupling expansion (a non-linear analogue of uniform WKB), which
is much more precise than the conventional large N expansion through the
transition region, and apply it to the evaluation of Wilson loops.Comment: 46 pages; 20 figure
One Loop Tadpole in Heterotic String Field Theory

We compute the off-shell 1-loop tadpole amplitude in heterotic string field
theory. With a special choice of cubic vertex, we show that this amplitude can
be computed exactly. We obtain explicit and elementary expressions for the
Feynman graph decomposition of the moduli space, the local coordinate map at
the puncture as a function of the modulus, and the $b$-ghost insertions needed
for the integration measure. Recently developed homotopy algebra methods
provide a consistent configuration of picture changing operators. We discuss
the consequences of spurious poles for the choice of picture changing
operators.Comment: v3: 36 pages, 8 figures. Figure 8 correcte
Universality of next-to-leading power threshold effects for colourless
  final states in hadronic collisions

We consider the production of an arbitrary number of colour-singlet particles
near partonic threshold, and show that next-to-leading order cross sections for
this class of processes have a simple universal form at next-to-leading power
(NLP) in the energy of the emitted gluon radiation. Our analysis relies on a
recently derived factorisation formula for NLP threshold effects at amplitude
level, and therefore applies both if the leading-order process is tree-level
and if it is loop-induced. It holds for differential distributions as well. The
results can furthermore be seen as applications of recently derived
next-to-soft theorems for gauge theory amplitudes. We use our universal
expression to re-derive known results for the production of up to three Higgs
bosons at NLO in the large top mass limit, and for the hadro-production of a
pair of electroweak gauge bosons. Finally, we present new analytic results for
Higgs boson pair production at NLO and NLP, with exact top-mass dependence.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figure
From quarks to nucleons in dark matter direct detection

We provide expressions for the nonperturbative matching of the effective
field theory describing dark matter interactions with quarks and gluons to the
effective theory of nonrelativistic dark matter interacting with
nonrelativistic nucleons. We give the leading and subleading order expressions
in chiral counting. In general, a single partonic operator already matches onto
several nonrelativistic operators at leading order in chiral counting. Thus,
keeping only one operator at the time in the nonrelativistic effective theory
does not properly describe the scattering in direct detection. Moreover, the
matching of the axial--axial partonic level operator, as well as the matching
of the operators coupling DM to the QCD anomaly term, naively include momentum
suppressed terms. However, these are still of leading chiral order due to pion
poles and can be numerically important. We illustrate the impact of these
effects with several examples.Comment: 47 pages, 8 figures. Improved discussion, corrected typographical
  errors, updated reference
Spinning Geodesic Witten Diagrams

We present an expression for the four-point conformal blocks of symmetric
traceless operators of arbitrary spin as an integral over a pair of geodesics
in Anti-de Sitter space, generalizing the geodesic Witten diagram formalism of
Hijano et al [arXiv:1508.00501] to arbitrary spin. As an intermediate step in
the derivation, we identify a convenient basis of bulk three-point interaction
vertices which give rise to all possible boundary three point structures. We
highlight a direct connection between the representation of the conformal block
as a geodesic Witten diagram and the shadow operator formalism.Comment: 28+6 pages, 8 figure
$R(D^*)$, $|V_{cb}|$, and the Heavy Quark Symmetry relations between
  form factors

Stringent relations between the $B^{(*)} \to D^{(*)} $ form factors exist in
the heavy quark limit and the leading symmetry breaking corrections are known.
We reconsider their uncertainty and role in the analysis of recent Belle data
for $B\to D^{(*)}\ell\nu$ with model-independent parametrizations and in the
related prediction of $R(D^{(*)})$. We find $|V_{cb}|=41.5(1.3) \ 10^{-3}$ and
$|V_{cb}|=40.6(^{+1.2}_{-1.3}) \ 10^{-3}$ using input from Light Cone Sum
Rules, and $R(D^{*})=0.260(8)$.Comment: 13 pages. Improved discussion of R(D*), P_tau prediction and various
  explanations adde
From Diophantus to Supergravity and massless higher spin multiplets

We present a new method of deriving the off-shell spectrum of supergravity
and massless $4D,~\mathcal{N}=1$ higher spin multiplets without the need of an
action and based on a set of natural requirements: (a.) existence of an
underlying superspace description, (b.) an economical description of free,
massless, higher spins and (c.) equal numbers of bosonic and fermionic degrees
of freedom. We prove that for any theory that respects the above, the fermionic
auxiliary components come in pairs and are gauge invariant and there are two
types of bosonic auxiliary components. Type (1) are pairs of a $(2,0)$-tensor
with real or imaginary $(1,1)$-tensor with non-trivial gauge transformations.
Type (2) are singlets and gauge invariant. The outcome is a set of Diophantine
equations, the solutions of which determine the off-shell spectrum of
supergravity and massless higher spin multiplets. This approach provides (i) a
classification of the irreducible, supersymmetric, representations of arbitrary
spin and (ii) a very clean and intuitive explanation to why some of these
theories have more than one formulations (e.g. the supergravity multiplet) and
others do not
Non-Geometric Vacua of the $\mathbf{\text{Spin}(32)/\mathbb Z_2}$
  Heterotic String and Little String Theories

We study a class of 6d $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ non-geometric vacua of the
$\text{Spin}(32)/\mathbb Z_2$ heterotic string which can be understood as
fibrations of genus-two curves over a complex one-dimensional base. The 6d
$\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ theories living on the defects that arise when the
genus-two fiber degenerates at a point of the base are analyzed by dualizing to
F-theory on elliptic K3-fibered non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds. We consider
all possible degenerations of genus-two curves and systematically attempt to
resolve the singularities of the dual threefolds. As in the analogous
non-geometric vacua of the $E_8\times E_8$ heterotic string, we find that many
of the resulting dual threefolds contain singularities which do not admit a
crepant resolution. When the singularities can be resolved crepantly, we
determine the emerging effective theories which turn out to be little string
theories at a generic point on their tensor branch. We also observe a form of
duality in which theories living on distinct defects are the same.Comment: 39 pages, 3 figures, and 6 table
The quantum Fokker-Planck equation of stochastic inflation

We derive the stochastic description of a massless, interacting scalar field
in de Sitter space directly from the quantum theory. This is done by showing
that the density matrix for the effective theory of the long wavelength
fluctuations of the field obeys a quantum version of the Fokker-Planck
equation. This equation has a simple connection with the standard Fokker-Planck
equation of the classical stochastic theory, which can be generalised to any
order in perturbation theory. We illustrate this formalism in detail for the
theory of a massless scalar field with a quartic interaction.Comment: 25 pages, no figure
Constraining Neutrino Masses, the Cosmological Constant and BSM Physics
  from the Weak Gravity Conjecture

It is known that there are AdS vacua obtained from compactifying the SM to 2
or 3 dimensions. The existence of such vacua depends on the value of neutrino
masses through the Casimir effect. Using the Weak Gravity Conjecture, it has
been recently argued by Ooguri and Vafa that such vacua are incompatible with
the SM embedding into a consistent theory of quantum gravity. We study the
limits obtained for both the cosmological constant $\Lambda_4$ and neutrino
masses from the absence of such dangerous 3D and 2D SM AdS vacua. One
interesting implication is that $\Lambda_4$ is bounded to be larger than a
scale of order $m_\nu^4$, as observed experimentally. Interestingly, this is
the first argument implying a non-vanishing $\Lambda_4$ only on the basis of
particle physics, with no cosmological input. Conversely, the observed
$\Lambda_4$ implies strong constraints on neutrino masses in the SM and also
for some BSM extensions including extra Weyl or Dirac spinors, gravitinos and
axions. The upper bounds obtained for neutrino masses imply (for fixed neutrino
Yukawa and $\Lambda_4$) the existence of upper bounds on the EW scale. In the
case of massive Majorana neutrinos with a see-saw mechanism associated to a
large scale $M\simeq 10^{10-14}$ GeV and $Y_{\nu_1}\simeq 10^{-3}$, one obtains
that the EW scale cannot exceed $M_{EW}\lesssim 10^2-10^4$ GeV. From this point
of view, the delicate fine-tuning required to get a small EW scale would be a
mirage, since parameters yielding higher EW scales would be in the swampland
and would not count as possible consistent theories. This would bring a new
perspective into the issue of the EW hierarchy.Comment: 41 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables. v2: Added section 6 + fig.12 +
  references; typos correcte
The transverse momentum distribution of hadrons within jets

We study the transverse momentum distribution of hadrons within jets, where
the transverse momentum is defined with respect to the standard jet axis. We
consider the case where the jet substructure measurement is performed for an
inclusive jet sample $pp\to\text{jet}+X$. We demonstrate that this observable
provides new opportunities to study transverse momentum dependent fragmentation
functions (TMDFFs) which are currently poorly constrained from data, especially
for gluons. The factorization of the cross section is obtained within Soft
Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), and we show that the relevant TMDFFs are the
same as for the more traditional processes semi-inclusive deep inelastic
scattering (SIDIS) and electron-positron annihilation. Different than in SIDIS,
the observable for the in-jet fragmentation does not depend on TMD parton
distribution functions which allows for a cleaner and more direct probe of
TMDFFs. We present numerical results and compare to available data from the
LHC.Comment: 28 pages, 3 figures, published versio
Back-to-back heavy quark pair production in Semi-inclusive DIS

The one-loop correction to heavy quark pair back-to-back production in
unpolarized semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering is given in this work in
the framework of transverse momentum dependent(TMD) factorization. Both
unpolarized and linearly polarized TMD gluon distribution functions are taken
into account. A subtraction method based on diagram expansion is used to get
finite hard coefficients. It is found the soft and collinear divergences of
one-loop amplitude is proportional to tree level ones and can be expressed
through several basic scalar triangle and bubble integrals. The subtraction of
these divergences is spin independent. Beyond tree level an additional soft
factor related to final heavy quark pair must be added into the factorization
formula. This soft factor affects the azimuthal angle distribution of virtual
photon in a nonperturbative way. Integrating over virtual photon azimuthal
angle we construct three weighted cross sections, which depend on only three
additional integrated soft factors. These weighted cross sections can be used
to extract linearly polarized gluon distribution function. In addition, lepton
azimuthal angle is unintegrated in this work, which provides more observables.
All hard coefficients relevant to lepton and virtual photon azimuthal angle
distributions are given at one-loop level.Comment: 23 pages, 10 figure
Minimal Flavor Violation with Axion-like Particles

We revisit the flavor-changing processes involving an axion-like particle
(ALP) in the context of generic ALP effective lagrangian with a discussion of
possible UV completions providing the origin of the relevant bare ALP
couplings. We focus on the minimal scenario that ALP has flavor-conserving
couplings at tree level, and the leading flavor-changing couplings arise from
the loops involving the Yukawa couplings of the Standard Model fermions. We
note that such radiatively generated flavor-changing ALP couplings can be
easily suppressed in field theoretic ALP models with sensible UV completion. We
discuss also the implication of our result for string theoretic ALP originating
from higher-dimensional $p$-form gauge fields, for instance for ALP in large
volume string compactification scenario.Comment: 41 pages, 3 figures; v3: a discussion on general extended Higgs
  sector added in sec. 2, version published in JHE
Supersymmetric R\'enyi Entropy and Defect Operators

We describe the defect operator interpretation of the supersymmetric Renyi
entropies of superconformal field theories in three, four and five dimensions.
The operators involved are supersymmetric codimension-two defects in an
auxiliary Z_n gauge theory coupled to n copies of the SCFT. We compute the
exact expectation values of such operators using localization, and compare the
results to the supersymmetric Renyi entropy. The agreement between the two
implies a relationship between the partition function on a squashed sphere and
the one on a round sphere in the presence of defects.Comment: 45 pages, 1 figur
CMB constraints on the inflaton couplings and reheating temperature in
  $\alpha$-attractor inflation

We study reheating in $\alpha$-attractor models of inflation in which the
inflaton couples to other scalars or fermions. We show that the parameter space
contains viable regions in which the inflaton couplings to radiation can be
determined from the properties of CMB temperature fluctuations, in particular
the spectral index. This may be the only way to measure these fundamental
microphysical parameters, which shaped the universe by setting the initial
temperature of the hot big bang and contain important information about the
embedding of a given model of inflation into a more fundamental theory of
physics. The method can be applied to other models of single field inflation.Comment: 39 pages, 14 figures. Identical to the version that is to appear in
  JHE
Realization of a spontaneous gauge and supersymmetry breaking vacuum

It is one of the major issues to realize a vacuum which breaks supersymmetry
(SUSY) and R-symmetry, in a supersymmetric model. We study the model, where the
same sector breaks the gauge symmetry and SUSY. In general, the SUSY breaking
model without gauge symmetry has a flat direction at the minimum of F-term
scalar potential. When we introduce U(1) gauge symmetry to such a SUSY breaking
model, there can appear a runaway direction. Such a runway direction can be
lifted by loop effects, and the gauge symmetry breaking and SUSY breaking are
realized. The R-symmetry, that is assigned to break SUSY, is also spontaneously
broken at the vacuum. This scenario can be extended to non-Abelian gauge
theories. We also discuss application to the Pati-Salam model and the SU(5)
grand unified theory. We see that non-vanishing gaugino masses are radiatively
generated by the R-symmetry breaking and the gauge messenger contribution.Comment: 23 pages, version accepted in JHE
False Vacuum Decay in Gauge Theory

The decay rate of a false vacuum is studied in gauge theory, paying
particular attention to its gauge invariance. Although the decay rate should
not depend on the gauge parameter $\xi$ according to the Nielsen identity, the
gauge invariance of the result of a perturbative calculation has not been
clearly shown. We give a prescription to perform a one-loop calculation of the
decay rate, with which a manifestly gauge-invariant expression of the decay
rate is obtained. We also discuss the renormalization necessary to make the
result finite, and show that the decay rate is independent of the gauge
parameter even after the renormalization.Comment: 39 pages, 1 figure, typos corrected, reference adde
Inclusive Production Through AdS/CFT

It has been shown that AdS/CFT calculations can reproduce certain exclusive
2->2 cross sections in QCD at high energy, both for near-forward and for
fixed-angle scattering. In this paper, we extend prior treatments by using
AdS/CFT to calculate the inclusive single-particle production cross section in
QCD at high center-of-mass energy. We find that conformal invariance in the UV
restricts the cross section to have a characteristic power-law falloff in the
transverse momentum of the produced particle, with the exponent given by twice
the conformal dimension of the produced particle, independent of incoming
particle types. We conclude by comparing our findings to recent LHC
experimental data from ATLAS and ALICE, and find good agreement.Comment: JHEP version. Discussion, appendix, figures, and tables added.
  Conclusions and key results unchange
Corner contributions to holographic entanglement entropy in AdS4/BCFT3

We study the holographic entanglement entropy of spatial regions with corners
in the AdS4/BCFT3 correspondence by considering three dimensional boundary
conformal field theories whose boundary is a timelike plane. We compute
analytically the corner function corresponding to an infinite wedge having one
edge on the boundary. A relation between this corner function and the
holographic one point function of the stress tensor is observed. An analytic
expression for the corner function of an infinite wedge having only its tip on
the boundary is also provided. This formula requires to find the global minimum
among two extrema of the area functional. The corresponding critical
configurations of corners are studied. The results have been checked against a
numerical analysis performed by computing the area of the minimal surfaces
anchored to some finite domains containing corners.Comment: 83 pages, 29 figures. v2: published versio
Systematics of the Multi-Regge Three-Loop Symbol

We review the systematics of Mandelstam cut contributions to planar
scattering amplitudes in the multi-Regge limit. Isolating the relevant cut
terms, we explain how the BFKL expansion can be used to construct the
perturbative n-point multi-Regge limit amplitude in certain kinematic regions
from a finite number of basic building blocks. At three loops and at leading
logarithmic order, two building blocks are required. Their symbols are
extracted from the known three-loop six-point and seven-point symbols for
general kinematics. The new seven-point building block is constructed in terms
of single-valued multiple polylogarithms to the extent it can be determined
using the symbol as well as further symmetry and consistency constraints.
Beyond the leading logarithmic order, the subleading and sub-subleading terms
require two and one further building block, respectively. The latter could
either be reconstructed from further perturbative data, or from BFKL integrals
involving yet-unknown corrections to the central emission block.Comment: 34 pages, 88 diagrams; v2: added references, fixed typos, minor
  revision; v3: significant extension, new section on construction of the
  function g3, new appendix on four-loop decomposition, published versio
Integrable flows between exact CFTs

We explicitly construct families of integrable $\sigma$-model actions
smoothly interpolating between exact CFTs. In the ultraviolet the theory is the
direct product of two current algebras at levels $k_1$ and $k_2$. In the
infrared and for the case of two deformation matrices the CFT involves a coset
CFT, whereas for a single matrix deformation it is given by the ultraviolet
direct product theories but at levels $k_1$ and $k_2-k_1$. For isotropic
deformations we demonstrate integrability. In this case we also compute the
exact beta-function for the deformation parameters using gravitational methods.
This is shown to coincide with previous results obtained using perturbation
theory and non-perturbative symmetries.Comment: 1+27 pages, text improvements, version published in JHE
Nilpotent orbits and the Coulomb branch of $T^\sigma (G)$ theories:
  special orthogonal vs orthogonal gauge group factors

Coulomb branches of a set of $3d\ \mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric gauge
theories are closures of nilpotent orbits of the algebra $\mathfrak{so}(n)$.
From the point of view of string theory, these quantum field theories can be
understood as effective gauge theories describing the low energy dynamics of a
brane configuration with the presence of orientifold planes. The presence of
the orientifold planes raises the question to whether the orthogonal factors of
a the gauge group are indeed orthogonal $O(N)$ or special orthogonal $SO(N)$.
In order to investigate this problem, we compute the Hilbert series for the
Coulomb branch of $T^\sigma(SO(n)^\vee)$ theories, utilizing the monopole
formula. The results for all nilpotent orbits from $\mathfrak {so} (3)$ to
$\mathfrak{so}(10)$ which are special and normal are presented. A new
relationship between the choice of $SO/O(N)$ factors in the gauge group and the
Lusztig's Canonical Quotient of the corresponding nilpotent orbit is observed.
We also provide a new way of projecting several magnetic lattices of different
$SO(N)$ gauge group factors by the simultaneous action of a $\mathbb Z_2$
group.Comment: 33 pages, 3 figures, 28 table