pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Thresholds of Large N Factorization in CFT4 : Exploring bulk spacetime
  in AdS5

Large $N$ factorization ensures that, for low-dimension gauge-invariant
operators in the half-BPS sector of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM, products of holomorphic
traces have vanishing correlators with single anti-holomorphic traces. This
vanishing is necessary to consistently map trace operators in the CFT$_4$ to a
Fock space of graviton oscillations in the dual AdS$_5$. We investigate the
regimes at which the CFT correlators do not vanish but become of order one in
the large $N$ limit, which we call a factorization threshold. Quite generally,
we find the threshold to be when the product of the two holomorphic operator
dimensions is of order $N\log N$. Our analysis considers extremal and
non-extremal correlators and correlators in states dual to LLM backgrounds, and
we observe intriguing similarities between the the energy-dependent running
coupling of non-abelian gauge theories and our threshold equations. Finally, we
discuss some interpretations of the threshold within the bulk AdS spacetime.Comment: 52 pages, 6 figure
Dimensional Transmutation and Dimensional Regularization in Quantum
  Mechanics. I. General Theory

This is the first in a series of papers addressing the phenomenon of
dimensional transmutation in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics within the
framework of dimensional regularization. Scale-invariant potentials are
identified and their general properties are derived. A strategy for dimensional
renormalization of these systems in the strong-coupling regime is presented,
and the emergence of an energy scale is shown, both for the bound-state and
scattering sectors. Finally, dimensional transmutation is explicitly
illustrated for the two-dimensional delta-function potential.Comment: 28 pages. To appear in Annals of Physic
Connectivity in MEG resting-state networks increases after resective surgery for low-grade glioma and correlates with improved cognitive performance☆

Purpose Low-grade glioma (LGG) patients often have cognitive deficits. Several disease- and treatment related factors affect cognitive processing. Cognitive outcome of resective surgery is unpredictable, both for improvement and deterioration, especially for complex domains such as attention and executive functioning. MEG analysis of resting-state networks (RSNs) is a good candidate for presurgical prediction of cognitive outcome. In this study, we explore the relation between alterations in connectivity of RSNs and changes in cognitive processing after resective surgery, as a stepping stone to ultimately predict postsurgical cognitive outcome. Methods: Ten patients with LGG were included, who had no adjuvant therapy. MEG recording and neuropsychological assessment were obtained before and after resective surgery. MEG data were recorded during a no-task eyes-closed condition, and projected to the anatomical space of the AAL atlas. Alterations in functional connectivity, as characterized by the phase lag index (PLI), within the default mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), and left- and right-sided frontoparietal networks (FPN) were compared to cognitive changes. Results: Lower alpha band DMN connectivity was increased after surgery, and this increase was related to improved verbal memory functioning. Similarly, right FPN connectivity was increased after resection in the upper alpha band, which correlated with improved attention, working memory and executive functioning. Discussion Increased alpha band RSN functional connectivity in MEG recordings correlates with improved cognitive outcome after resective surgery. The mechanisms resulting in functional connectivity alterations after resection remain to be elucidated. Importantly, our findings indicate that connectivity of MEG RSNs may be used for presurgical prediction of cognitive outcome in future studies
The low-frequency environment of the Murchison Widefield Array:
  radio-frequency interference analysis and mitigation

The Murchison Widefield Array (MWA) is a new low-frequency interferometric
radio telescope built in Western Australia at one of the locations of the
future Square Kilometre Array (SKA). We describe the automated radio-frequency
interference (RFI) detection strategy implemented for the MWA, which is based
on the AOFlagger platform, and present 72-231-MHz RFI statistics from 10
observing nights. RFI detection removes 1.1% of the data. RFI from digital TV
(DTV) is observed 3% of the time due to occasional ionospheric or atmospheric
propagation. After RFI detection and excision, almost all data can be
calibrated and imaged without further RFI mitigation efforts, including
observations within the FM and DTV bands. The results are compared to a
previously published Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) RFI survey. The remote
location of the MWA results in a substantially cleaner RFI environment compared
to LOFAR's radio environment, but adequate detection of RFI is still required
before data can be analysed. We include specific recommendations designed to
make the SKA more robust to RFI, including: the availability of sufficient
computing power for RFI detection; accounting for RFI in the receiver design; a
smooth band-pass response; and the capability of RFI detection at high time and
frequency resolution (second and kHz-scale respectively).Comment: Accepted for publication in PAS
Measurement of charged jet production cross sections and nuclear
  modification in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\rm{NN}} = 5.02$ TeV

Charged jet production cross sections in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm
NN}} = 5.02$ TeV measured with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented.
Using the anti-$k_{\rm T}$ algorithm, jets have been reconstructed in the
central rapidity region from charged particles with resolution parameters $R =
0.2$ and $R = 0.4$. The reconstructed jets have been corrected for detector
effects and the underlying event background. To calculate the nuclear
modification factor, $R_{\rm pPb}$, of charged jets in p-Pb collisions, a pp
reference was constructed by scaling previously measured charged jet spectra at
$\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV. In the transverse momentum range $20 \le p_{\rm T,ch\ jet}
\le 120$ GeV/$c$, $R_{\rm pPb}$ is found to be consistent with unity,
indicating the absence of strong nuclear matter effects on jet production.
Major modifications to the radial jet structure are probed via the ratio of jet
production cross sections reconstructed with the two different resolution
parameters. This ratio is found to be similar to the measurement in pp
collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV and to the expectations from PYTHIA pp
simulations and NLO pQCD calculations at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV.Comment: 25 pages, 6 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 20,
  published version, figures at
  http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/152
CP violation in neutrino mixing with $\delta = -\pi/2$ in $A_4$ Type-II
  seesaw model

We study a class of models for neutrino mass matrix in Type-II seesaw with
$A_4$ family symmetry. The resulting neutrino mass matrix can be naturally made
to respect a $\mu-\tau$ exchange plus CP conjugate symmetry (GLS) with the CP
violating phase $\delta$ and the mixing angle $\theta_{23}$ predicted to be
$\pm\pi/2$ and $\pi/4$, respectively. When GLS is explicitly broken by complex
Yukawa couplings, the model predictions for $\delta$ and $\theta_{23}$ can be
significantly modified. Should future experiments will indeed determine
$\theta_{23}$ and $\delta_{CP}$ away from the GLS limit values, one then had to
consider models with broken GLS. We study several simple scenarios to show how
the modifications arise when GLS is broken and how future experiments can test
this class of models.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures, minor errors corrected. Version appeared in
  Phys.Lett.B. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1504.0156
Molecular tools for bathing water assessment in Europe : balancing social science research with a rapidly developing environmental science evidence-base

The Working Group and associated workshop series were funded by the Natural Environment Research Council as part of the Delivering Healthy Water project (NE/I022191/1). LF received funding in part by the European Regional Development Fund Programme and the European Social Fund Convergence Programme for Cornwall and the Isles of ScillyThe use of molecular tools, principally qPCR, versus traditional culture-based methods for quantifying microbial parameters (e.g., Fecal Indicator Organisms) in bathing waters generates considerable ongoing debate at the science–policy interface. Advances in science have allowed the development and application of molecular biological methods for rapid (~2 h) quantification of microbial pollution in bathing and recreational waters. In contrast, culture-based methods can take between 18 and 96 h for sample processing. Thus, molecular tools offer an opportunity to provide a more meaningful statement of microbial risk to water-users by providing near-real-time information enabling potentially more informed decision-making with regard to water-based activities. However, complementary studies concerning the potential costs and benefits of adopting rapid methods as a regulatory tool are in short supply. We report on findings from an international Working Group that examined the breadth of social impacts, challenges, and research opportunities associated with the application of molecular tools to bathing water regulations.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
A-stable Runge-Kutta methods for semilinear evolution equations

We consider semilinear evolution equations for which the linear part generates a strongly continuous semigroup and the nonlinear part is sufficiently smooth on a scale of Hilbert spaces. In this setting, we prove the existence of solutions which are temporally smooth in the norm of the lowest rung of the scale for an open set of initial data on the highest rung of the scale. Under the same assumptions, we prove that a class of implicit, A-stable Runge-Kutta semidiscretizations in time of such equations are smooth as maps from open subsets of the highest rung into the lowest rung of the scale. Under the additional assumption that the linear part of the evolution equation is normal or sectorial, we prove full order convergence of the semidiscretization in time for initial data on open sets. Our results apply, in particular, to the semilinear wave equation and to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. © 2012 Elsevier Inc
mRNAs that specifically interact with eukaryotic ribosomal subunits.

The accuracy of start codon selection is determined by the translation initiation process. In prokaryotes the initiation step on most mRNAs relies on recruitment of the small ribosomal subunit onto the initiation codon by base pairing between the mRNA and the 16S rRNA. Eukaryotes have evolved a complex molecular machinery involving at least 11 initiation factors, and mRNAs do not directly recruit the small ribosomal subunit. Instead the initiation complex is recruited to the 5' end of the mRNA through a complex protein network including eIF4E that interacts with the 5' cap structure and poly-A binding protein that interacts with the 3'end. However, some viral and cellular mRNAs are able to escape this pathway by internal recruitment of one or several components of the translation machinery. Here we review those eukaryotic mRNAs that have been reported to directly recruit the 40S ribosomal subunit internally. In the well characterized cases of viral IRESes, a specific RNA structure is involved in this process, and in addition to recruitment of the ribosome, the mRNA also manipulates the ribosome structure to stimulate the first translocation step. We also review recently described IRES/ribosome interactions in cases where the molecular mechanism leading to translation initiation has yet to be described. Finally we evaluate the possibility that mRNA may recruit the 40S ribosomal subunit through base pairing with the 18S rRNA
Search for neutral Higgs bosons of the minimal supersymmetric standard model in pp collisions at √s= TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for the neutral Higgs bosons predicted by the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is reported. The analysis is performed on data from proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The samples used for this search were collected in 2012 and correspond to integrated luminosities in the range 19.5-20.3 fb−1. The MSSM Higgs bosons are searched for in the τ τ final state. No significant excess over the expected background is observed, and exclusion limits are derived for the production cross section times branching fraction of a scalar particle as a function of its mass. The results are also interpreted in the MSSM parameter space for various benchmark scenarios
Search for supersymmetry in events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, and at least one tau lepton in 20 fb−1 of √s = 8 TeV proton-proton collision data with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry (SUSY) in events with large missing transverse momentum, jets, at least one hadronically decaying tau lepton and zero or one additional light leptons (electron/muon), has been performed using 20.3fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at s√ = 8 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess above the Standard Model background expectation is observed in the various signal regions and 95% confidence level upper limits on the visible cross section for new phenomena are set. The results of the analysis are interpreted in several SUSY scenarios, significantly extending previous limits obtained in the same final states. In the framework of minimal gauge-mediated SUSY breaking models, values of the SUSY breaking scale Λ below 63 TeV are excluded, independently of tan β. Exclusion limits are also derived for an mSUGRA/CMSSM model, in both the R-parity-conserving and R-parity-violating case. A further interpretation is presented in a framework of natural gauge mediation, in which the gluino is assumed to be the only light coloured sparticle and gluino masses below 1090 GeV are excluded
Search for new phenomena in photon+jet events collected in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This Letter describes a model-independent search for the production of new resonances in photon + jet events using 20 inverse fb of proton--proton LHC data recorded with the ATLAS detector at a centre-of-mass energy of s√ = 8 TeV. The photon + jet mass distribution is compared to a background model fit from data; no significant deviation from the background-only hypothesis is found. Limits are set at 95% credibility level on generic Gaussian-shaped signals and two benchmark phenomena beyond the Standard Model: non-thermal quantum black holes and excited quarks. Non-thermal quantum black holes are excluded below masses of 4.6 TeV and excited quarks are excluded below masses of 3.5 TeV
Impact of child labor on academic performance : evidence from the program "Edúcame Primero Colombia"

In this study, the effects of different variables of child labor on academic performance are investigated. To this end, 3302 children participating in the child labor eradication program “Edúcame Primero Colombia” were interviewed. The interview format used for the children's enrollment into the program was a template from which socioeconomic conditions, academic performance, and child labor variables were evaluated. The academic performance factor was determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The data were analyzed through a logistic regression model that took into account children who engaged in a type of labor (n = 921). The results showed that labor conditions, the number of weekly hours dedicated to work, and the presence of work scheduled in the morning negatively affected the academic performance of child laborers. These results show that the relationship between child labor and academic performance is based on the conflict between these two activities. These results do not indicate a linear and simple relationship associated with the recognition of the presence or absence of child labor. This study has implications for the formulation of policies, programs, and interventions for preventing, eradicating, and attenuating the negative effects of child labor on the social and educational development of children
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is required for radial glial neurogenesis following spinal cord injury

Spinal cord injury results in permanent sensorimotor loss in mammals, in part due to a lack of injury-induced neurogenesis. The regeneration of neurons depends upon resident neural progenitors, which in zebrafish persist throughout the central nervous system as radial glia. However the molecular mechanisms regulating spinal cord progenitors remain uncharacterized. Wnt/β-catenin signaling is necessary for the regenerative response of multiple tissues in zebrafish as well as other vertebrates, but it is not known whether the pathway has a role in spinal cord regeneration. Here we show that spinal radial glia exhibit Wnt/β-catenin activity as they undergo neurogenesis following transection. We then use Cre-mediated lineage tracing to label the progeny of radial glia and show that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is required for progenitors to differentiate into neurons. Finally, we show that axonal regrowth after injury also requires Wnt/β-catenin signaling, suggesting coordinated roles for the pathway in functional recovery. Our data thus establish Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation as a necessary step in spinal cord regeneration
Reporting on sustainability and HRM:a comparative study of sustainability reporting practices by the world's largest companies

As a response to the growing public awareness on the importance of organisational contributions to sustainable development, there is an increased incentive for corporations to report on their sustainability activities. In parallel with this has been the development of ‘Sustainable HRM’ which embraces a growing body of practitioner and academic literature connecting the notions of corporate sustainability to HRM. The aim of this article is to analyse corporate sustainability reporting amongst the world’s largest companies and to assess the HRM aspects of sustainability within these reports in comparison to environmental aspects of sustainable management and whether organisational attributes – principally country-of-origin – influences the reporting of such practices. A focus in this article is the extent to which the reporting of various aspects of sustainability may reflect dominant models of corporate governance in the country in which a company is headquartered. The findings suggest, first and against expectations, that the overall disclosure on HRM-related performance is not lower than that on environmental performance. Second, companies report more on their internal workforce compared to their external workforce. Finally, international differences, in particular those between companies headquartered in liberal market economies and coordinated market economies, are not as apparent as expected
Characterization of a charge-coupled device array for Bragg spectroscopy

The average pixel distance as well as the relative orientation of an array of six charge-coupled device (CCD) detectors have been measured with accuracies of about 0.5 nm and 50 mu rad, respectively. Such a precision satisfies the needs of modern crystal spectroscopy experiments in the field of exotic atoms and highly charged ions. Two different measurements have been performed by illuminating masks in front of the detector array by remote sources of radiation. In one case, an aluminum mask was irradiated with x rays, and in a second attempt, a nanometric quartz wafer was illuminated by a light bulb. Both methods gave consistent results with a smaller error for the optical method. In addition, the thermal expansion of the CCD detectors was characterized between -105 and -40 degrees C. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics
The “universal property” of horizon entropy sum of black holes in four dimensional asymptotical (anti-)de-Sitter spacetime background

We present a new “universal property” of entropy, that is the “entropy sum” relation of black holes in four dimensional (anti-)de-Sitter asymptotical background. They depend only on the cosmological constant with the necessary effect of the un-physical “virtual” horizon included in the spacetime where only the cosmological constant, mass of black hole, rotation parameter and Maxwell field exist. When there is more extra matter field in the spacetime, one will find the “entropy sum” is also dependent of the strength of these extra matter field. For both cases, we conclude that the “entropy sum” does not depend on the conserved charges M , Q and J , while it does depend on the property of background spacetime. We will mainly test the “entropy sum” relation in static, stationary black hole and some black hole with extra matter source (scalar hair and higher curvature) in the asymptotical (anti-)de-sitter spacetime background. Besides, we point out a newly found counter example of the mass independence of the ”entropy product” relation in the spacetime with extra scalar hair case, while the “entropy sum” relation still holds. These result are indeed suggestive to some underlying microscopic mechanism. Moreover, the cosmological constant and extra matter field dependence of the “entropy sum” of all horizon seems to reveal that “entropy sum” is more general as it is only related to the background field. For the case of asymptotical flat spacetime without any matter source, we give a note for the Kerr black hole case in appendix. One will find only mass dependence of “entropy sum” appears. It makes us believe that, considering the dependence of “entropy sum”, the mass background field may be regarded as the next order of cosmological constant background field and extra matter field. However, fully explaining the relationship between the “entropy sum” relation and background properties still requires further exploration
Topological strings and 5d T N partition functions

We evaluate the Nekrasov partition function of 5d gauge theories engineered by webs of 5-branes, using the refined topological vertex on the dual Calabi-Yau three-folds. The theories include certain non-Lagrangian theories such as the T N theory. The refined topological vertex computation generically contains contributions from decoupled M2-branes which are not charged under the 5d gauge symmetry engineered. We argue that, after eliminating them, the refined topological string partition function agrees with the 5d Nekrasov partition function. We explicitly check this for the T 3 theory as well as Sp(1) gauge theories with N f = 2 , 3 , 4 flavors. In particular, our method leads to a new expression of the Sp(1) Nekrasov partition functions without any contour integrals. We also develop prescriptions to calculate the partition functions of theories obtained by Higgsing the T N theory. We compute the partition function of the E 7 theory via this prescription, and find the E 7 global symmetry enhancement. We finally discuss a potential application of the refined topological vertex to non-toric web diagrams