pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Using U Spin to Extract gamma from Charmless B -> PPP Decays

Some years ago, a method was proposed for measuring the CP-violating phase
gamma using pairs of two-body decays that are related by U-spin reflection (d
<-> s). In this paper we adapt this method to charmless B -> PPP decays.
Time-dependent Dalitz-plot analyses of these three-body decays are required for
the measurement of the mixing-induced CP asymmetries. However, isobar analyses
of the decay amplitudes are not necessary. A potential advantage of using
three-body decays is that the effects of U-spin breaking may be reduced by
averaging over the Dalitz plot. This can be tested independently using the
measurements of direct CP asymmetries and branching ratios in three-body
charged B decays.Comment: 16 pages, no figures; Revised text; Version accepted for publication
  in JHE
Cloud structure and composition of Jupiter's troposphere from 5-{\mu}m
  Cassini VIMS spectroscopy

Jupiter's tropospheric composition and cloud structure are studied using
Cassini VIMS 4.5-5.1 {\mu}m thermal emission spectra from the 2000-2001 flyby.
We make use of both nadir and limb darkening observations on the planet's
nightside, and compare these with dayside observations. Although there is
significant spatial variability in the 5-{\mu}m brightness temperatures, the
shape of the spectra remain very similar across the planet, suggesting the
presence of a spectrally-flat, spatially inhomogeneous cloud deck. We find that
a simple cloud model consisting of a single, compact cloud is able to reproduce
both nightside and dayside spectra, subject to the following constraints: (i)
the cloud base is located at pressures of 1.2 bar or lower; (ii) the cloud
particles are highly scattering; (iii) the cloud is sufficiently spectrally
flat. Using this cloud model, we search for global variability in the cloud
opacity and the phosphine deep volume mixing ratio. We find that the vast
majority of the 5-{\mu}m inhomogeneity can be accounted for by variations in
the thickness of the cloud decks, with huge differences between the cloudy
zones and the relatively cloud-free belts. The relatively low spectral
resolution of VIMS limits reliable retrievals of gaseous species, but some
evidence is found for an enhancement in the abundance of phosphine at high
latitudes.Comment: 16 pages, 17 figures, manuscript accepted for publication in Icaru
Measurement of the $B_s^0 \to \phi \phi$ branching fraction and search
  for the decay $B^0 \to \phi \phi$

Using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb$^{-1}$
collected in $pp$ collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV, the
$B_s^0 \to \phi \phi$ branching fraction is measured to be \[ \mathcal{B}(B_s^0
\to \phi \phi) = ( 1.84 \pm 0.05 (\text{stat}) \pm 0.07 (\text{syst}) \pm 0.11
(f_s/f_d) \pm 0.12 (\text{norm}) ) \times 10^{-5}, \] where $f_s/f_d$
represents the ratio of the $B_s^0$ to $B^0$ production cross-sections, and the
$B^0 \to \phi K^*(892)^0$ decay mode is used for normalization. This is the
most precise measurement of this branching fraction to date, representing a
factor five reduction in the statistical uncertainty compared with the previous
best measurement. A search for the decay $B^0 \to \phi \phi$ is also made. No
signal is observed, and an upper limit on the branching fraction is set as \[
\mathcal{B}(B^0 \to \phi \phi) < 2.8 \times 10^{-8} \] at 90% confidence level.
This is a factor of seven improvement compared to the previous best limit
Augmenting Agent Platforms to Facilitate Conversation Reasoning

Within Multi Agent Systems, communication by means of Agent Communication
Languages (ACLs) has a key role to play in the co-operation, co-ordination and
knowledge-sharing between agents. Despite this, complex reasoning about agent
messaging, and specifically about conversations between agents, tends not to
have widespread support amongst general-purpose agent programming languages.
  ACRE (Agent Communication Reasoning Engine) aims to complement the existing
logical reasoning capabilities of agent programming languages with the
capability of reasoning about complex interaction protocols in order to
facilitate conversations between agents. This paper outlines the aims of the
ACRE project and gives details of the functioning of a prototype implementation
within the Agent Factory multi agent framework
The new vertical neutron beam line at the CERN n-TOF facility design and outlook on the performance

Date of Acceptance: 16/07/2015At the neutron time-of-flight facility n-TOF at CERN a new vertical beam line was constructed in 2014, in order to extend the experimental possibilities at this facility to an even wider range of challenging cross-section measurements of interest in astrophysics, nuclear technology and medical physics. The design of the beam line and the experimental hall was based on FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations, aiming at maximizing the neutron flux, reducing the beam halo and minimizing the background from neutrons interacting with the collimator or back-scattered in the beam dump. The present paper gives an overview on the design of the beam line and the relevant elements and provides an outlook on the expected performance regarding the neutron beam intensity, shape and energy resolution, as well as the neutron and photon backgrounds
On the structure of the transition disk around TW Hydrae

J. Menu acknowledges an FWO travel grant for a long research stay abroad (V448412N). F. Ménard acknowledges support from the Millennium Science Initiative (Chilean Ministry of Economy), through grant “Nucleus P10-022-F”. F. Ménard also acknowledges funding from the EU FP7-2011 under Grant Agreement No 284405.Context. For over a decade, the structure of the inner cavity in the transition disk of TW Hydrae has been a subject of debate. Modeling the disk with data obtained at different wavelengths has led to a variety of proposed disk structures. Rather than being inconsistent, the individual models might point to the different faces of physical processes going on in disks, such as dust growth and planet formation. Aims. Our aim is to investigate the structure of the transition disk again and to find to what extent we can reconcile apparent model differences. Methods. A large set of high-angular-resolution data was collected from near-infrared to centimeter wavelengths. We investigated the existing disk models and established a new self-consistent radiative-transfer model. A genetic fitting algorithm was used to automatize the parameter fitting, and uncertainties were investigated in a Bayesian framework. Results. Simple disk models with a vertical inner rim and a radially homogeneous dust composition from small to large grains cannot reproduce the combined data set. Two modifications are applied to this simple disk model: (1) the inner rim is smoothed by exponentially decreasing the surface density in the inner ~3 AU, and (2) the largest grains (>100 μm) are concentrated towards the inner disk region. Both properties can be linked to fundamental processes that determine the evolution of protoplanetary disks: the shaping by a possible companion and the different regimes of dust-grain growth, respectively. Conclusions. The full interferometric data set from near-infrared to centimeter wavelengths requires a revision of existing models for the TW Hya disk. We present a new model that incorporates the characteristic structures of previous models but deviates in two key aspects: it does not have a sharp edge at 4 AU, and the surface density of large grains differs from that of smaller grains. This is the first successful radiative-transfer-based model for a full set of interferometric data.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Measurement of the top quark pair production charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

This paper presents a measurement of the top quark pair ( tt¯ ) production charge asymmetry A C using 4.7 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy s√ = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A tt¯ -enriched sample of events with a single lepton (electron or muon), missing transverse momentum and at least four high transverse momentum jets, of which at least one is tagged as coming from a b-quark, is selected. A likelihood fit is used to reconstruct the tt¯ event kinematics. A Bayesian unfolding procedure is employed to estimate A C at the parton-level. The measured value of the tt¯ production charge asymmetry is A C = 0.006 ± 0.010, where the uncertainty includes both the statistical and the systematic components. Differential A C measurements as a function of the invariant mass, the rapidity and the transverse momentum of the tt¯ system are also presented. In addition, A C is measured for a subset of events with large tt¯ velocity, where physics beyond the Standard Model could contribute. All measurements are consistent with the Standard Model predictions
Central μ + μ − production via photon-photon fusion in proton-proton collisions with proton dissociation

We present a formalism which uses fluxes of equivalent photons including transverse momenta of the intermediate photons. The formalism reminds the familiar kt-factorization approach used, e.g., to study the two-gluon production of cc¯ or bb¯ pairs. The results of the new method are compared with those obtained using the code lpair, and a good agreement is obtained. The inclusion of the photon transverse momenta is necessary in studies of correlation observables. We present distributions for the dimuon invariant mass, transverse momentum of the muon pair and relative azimuthal angle between muons separately for elastic-elastic, elastic-inelastic, inelastic-elastic and inelastic-inelastic mechanisms. For typical experimental cuts all mechanisms give similar contributions. The results are shown for different sets of cuts relevant for the LHC experiments. The cross sections in different regions of phase space depend on F2 structure function in different regions of x and Q2. A comment on F2 is mad
Heat kernels on the AdS 2 cone and logarithmic corrections to extremal black hole entropy

We develop new techniques to efficiently evaluate heat kernel coefficients for the Laplacian in the short-time expansion on spheres and hyperboloids with conical singularities. We then apply these techniques to explicitly compute the logarithmic contribution to black hole entropy from an $ \mathcal{N} $ = 4 vector multiplet about a $ \mathbb{Z} $ N orbifold of the nearhorizon geometry of quarter-BPS black holes in $ \mathcal{N} $ = 4 supergravity. We find that this vanishes, matching perfectly with the prediction from the microstate counting. We also discuss possible generalisations of our heat kernel results to higher-spin fields over $ \mathbb{Z} $ N orbifolds of higher-dimensional spheres and hyperboloids
Vacuum Insertion Approximation and the ΔI=1/2 rule: A lattice QCD test of the naïve factorization hypothesis for K , D , B and static mesons

Motivated by a recent paper by the RBC–UKQCD Collaboration, which observes large violations of the naïve factorization hypothesis in K→ππ decays, we study in this paper the accuracy of the Vacuum Insertion Approximation (VIA) for the matrix elements of the complete basis of four-fermion ΔF=2 operators. We perform a comparison between the matrix elements in QCD, evaluated on the lattice, and the VIA predictions. We also investigate the dependence on the external meson masses by computing matrix elements for K , Ds , Bs and static mesons. In commonly used renormalization schemes, we find large violations of the VIA in particular for one of the two relevant Wick contractions in the kaon sector. These deviations, however, decrease significantly as the meson mass increases and the VIA predictions turn out to be rather well verified for B -meson matrix elements and, even better, in the infinite mass limit
Linear programming analysis of the R -parity violation within EDM-constraints

The constraint on the R -parity violating supersymmetric interactions is discussed in the light of current experimental data of the electric dipole moment of neutron, 129 Xe , 205 Tl, and 199 Hg atoms, and YbF and ThO molecules. To investigate the constraints without relying upon the assumption of the dominance of a particular combination of couplings over all the rest, an extensive use is made of the linear programming method in the scan of the parameter space. We give maximally possible values for the EDMs of the proton, deuteron, 3 He nucleus, 211 Rn, 225 Ra, 210 Fr, and the R -correlation of the neutron beta decay within the constraints from the current experimental data of the EDMs of neutron, 129 Xe, 205 Tl, and 199 Hg atoms, and YbF and ThO molecules using the linear programming method. It is found that the R -correlation of the neutron beta decay and hadronic EDMs are very useful observables to constrain definite regions of the parameter space of the R -parity violating supersymmetry
Massive Born-Infeld and other dual pairs

We consider massive dual pairs of p -forms and ( D − p − 1)-forms described by non-linear Lagrangians, where non-linear curvature terms in one theory translate into non-linear mass-like terms in the dual theory. In particular, for D = 2 p and p even the two non-linear structures coincide when the non-linear massless theory is self-dual. This state of affairs finds a natural realization in the four-dimensional massive N = 1 supersymmetric Born-Infeld action, which describes either a massive vector multiplet or a massive linear (tensor) multiplet with a Born-Infeld mass-like term. These systems should play a role for the massive gravitino multiplet obtained from a partial super-Higgs in N = 2 Supergravity
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the decay width H → Zγ

We present the analytic calculation of the two-loop QCD corrections to the decay width of a Higgs boson into a photon and a Z boson. The calculation is carried out using integration-by-parts identities for the reduction to master integrals of the scalar integrals, in terms of which we express the amplitude. The calculation of the master integrals is performed using differential equations applied to a set of functions suitably chosen to be of uniform weight. The final result is expressed in terms of logarithms and polylogarithmic functions Li 2 , Li 3 , Li 4 and Li 2,2
Noise- and inertia-induced inhomogeneity in the distribution of small particles in fluid flows

7 pages, 3 figures.-- PMID: 12779579 [PubMed].-- Printed version published Jun 2002.ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/nlin/0111008The dynamics of small spherical neutrally buoyant particulate impurities immersed in a two-dimensional fluid flow are known to lead to particle accumulation in the regions of the flow in which vorticity dominates over strain, provided that the Stokes number of the particles is sufficiently small. If the flow is viewed as a Hamiltonian dynamical system, it can be seen that the accumulations occur in the nonchaotic parts of the phase space: the Kolmogorov–Arnold–Moser tori. This has suggested a generalization of these dynamics to Hamiltonian maps, dubbed a bailout embedding. In this paper we use a bailout embedding of the standard map to mimic the dynamics of neutrally buoyant impurities subject not only to drag but also to fluctuating forces modeled as white noise. We find that the generation of inhomogeneities associated with the separation of particle from fluid trajectories is enhanced by the presence of noise, so that they appear in much broader ranges of the Stokes number than those allowing spontaneous separation.J.H.E.C. acknowledges the financial support of the Spanish CSIC, Plan Nacional del Espacio Contract No. ESP98-1347. M.O.M. acknowledges the support of the Meyer Foundation. O.P. acknowledges the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia,\ud
Proyecto CONOCE, Contract No. BFM2000-1108.Peer reviewe
|Vus| and ms from hadronic tau decays

5 páginas.-- Comunicación presentada al 9º International Workshop on Tau Lepton Physics (TAU06) celebrado del 19 al 22 de Septiembre en Pisa (Italia).-- arXiv:hep-ph/0612154v1Recent progress in the determination of |Vus| employing strange hadronic τ-decay data are reported. This includes using the recent OPAL update of the strange spectral function, as well as augmenting the dimension-two perturbative contribution with the recently calculated order  term on the theory side. These updates result in |Vus|=0.2220±0.0033, with the uncertainty presently being dominated by experiment, and already being competitive with the standard extraction from Ke3 decays and other new proposals to determine |Vus|. In vie of the ongoing work to analyse τ-decay data at the B-factories BaBar and Belle, as well as future results from BESIII, the error on |Vus| from τ decays is expected to be much reduced in the near future.This work has been supported in part by\ud
the European Commission (EC) RTN FLAVIAnet\ud
under Contract No. MRTN-CT-2006-\ud
035482, by MEC (Spain) and FEDER (EC)\ud
Grant Nos. FPA2005-02211 (M.J.), FPA2004-\ud
00996 (A.P.) and FPA2006-05294 (J.P.), by Junta\ud
de Andalucía Grant Nos. P05-FQM-101 (J.P.)\ud
and P05-FQM-437 (E.G. and J.P.) and by the\ud
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (F.S.).Peer reviewe
A membrane-associated movement protein of Pelargonium flower break virus shows RNA-binding activity and contains a biologically relevant leucine zipper-like motif.

Two small viral proteins (DGBp1 and DGBp2) have been proposed to act in a concerted manner to aid intra- and intercellular trafficking of carmoviruses though the distribution of functions and mode of action of each protein partner are not yet clear. Here we have confirmed the requirement of the DGBps of Pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV), p7 and p12, for pathogen movement. Studies focused on p12 have shown that it associates to cellular membranes, which is in accordance to its hydrophobic profile and to that reported for several homologs. However, peculiarities that distinguish p12 from other DGBps2 have been found. Firstly, it contains a leucine zipper-like motif which is essential for virus infectivity in plants. Secondly, it has an unusually long and basic N-terminal region that confers RNA binding activity. The results suggest that PFBV p12 may differ mechanistically from related proteins and possible roles of PFBV DGBps are discussed.This research wassupported by grant BFU2006-11230 and BFU2009-11699 from the Ministerio Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN, Spain) and by grants ACOM/2006/210 and ACOMP/2009/040 (Generalitat Valenciana, GV) to C. H. S. M.-T. was the recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from GV and of a predoctoral contract from MICINN.Peer reviewe
High order nonlinear solver for multiple roots (uncorrected proof)

Computers and Mathematics with Applications, 55, (2008), 2012–2017.A method of order four for finding multiple zeros of nonlinear functions is developed. The method is based on Jarratt’s	4 fifth-order method (for simple roots) and it requires one evaluation of the function and three evaluations of the derivative. The	5 informational efficiency of the method is the same as previously developed schemes of lower order. For the special case of double	6 root, we found a family of fourth-order methods requiring one less derivative. Thus this family is more efficient than all others. All	7 these methods require the knowledge of the multiplicity.The article of record as published may be located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2007.09.00
Comparative analysis of conjugated alkynyl chromophore-triazacyclononane ligands for sensitized emission of europium and terbium.

A series of europium and terbium complexes based on a functionalized triazacyclononane carboxylate or phosphinate macrocyclic ligand is described. The influence of the anionic group, that is, carboxylate, methylphosphinate, or phenylphosphinate, on the photophysical properties was studied and rationalized on the basis of DFT calculated structures. The nature, number, and position of electron-donating or electron-withdrawing aryl substituents were varied systematically within the same phenylethynyl scaffold in order to optimize the brightness of the corresponding europium complexes and investigate their two-photon absorption properties. Finally, the europium complexes were examined in cell-imaging applications, and selected terbium complexes were studied as potential oxygen sensors
Causality & holographic entanglement entropy.

We identify conditions for the entanglement entropy as a function of spatial region to be compatible with causality in an arbitrary relativistic quantum field theory. We then prove that the covariant holographic entanglement entropy prescription (which relates entanglement entropy of a given spatial region on the boundary to the area of a certain extremal surface in the bulk) obeys these conditions, as long as the bulk obeys the null energy condition. While necessary for the validity of the prescription, this consistency requirement is quite nontrivial from the bulk standpoint, and\ud
therefore provides important additional evidence for the prescription. In the process, we introduce a codimension-zero bulk region, named the entanglement wedge, naturally\ud
associated with the given boundary spatial region. We propose that the entanglement wedge is the most natural bulk region corresponding to the boundary reduced density matrix
Last glacial dynamics of the Vale of York and North Sea lobes of the British and Irish Ice Sheet.

During the Last Glacial Maximum, the Vale of York and North Sea lobes of the British and Irish Ice Sheet extended to within 10 km of each other, impounding a series of pro-glacial lakes. Such an interplay of ice lobes provides a useful analogue for elsewhere in the North Sea basin. This paper focusses on reconstructing the Vale of York and North Sea Ice lobes using a regional suite of 25 luminescence ages in combination with stratigraphical and geomorphic evidence. Results extend and revise the chronology of the Dimlington LGM typesite, showing that the North Sea Ice lobe advanced between 20.9–17.1 ka and 17.1–15.1 ka before present. Initially this lobe impounded a proto Lake Humber which likely covered parts of Holderness as well as the southern part of the Vale of York. Later stages of Lake Humber within the Vale of York show continued blockage of the Humber Gap by the North Sea Ice lobe. The Vale of York Ice extended briefly at ∼18.7 ± 0.63 ka across Lake Humber into South Yorkshire and North Lincolnshire before retreating to and forming the Escrick and York moraines. Both glacier lobes appear to have been short-lived, comprising relatively dynamic ice, especially when moving into areas of deformable lacustrine sediments, which allowed them to rapidly advance and over-extend their margins due to low basal shear stress. Topographic control of the extent and spatial positioning of both Ice lobes also appears to have been significant
Kaluza-Klein gluon + jets associated production at the Large Hadron
  Collider

The Kaluza-Klein excitations of gluons offer the exciting possibility of
probing bulk Randall-Sundrum (RS) models. In these bulk models either a
custodial symmetry or a deformation of the metric away from AdS is invoked in
order to deal with electroweak precision tests. Addressing both these models,
we suggest a new channel in which to study the production of KK-gluons
($g_{KK}$): one where it is produced in association with one or more hard jets.
The cross-section for the $g_{KK}+$ jets channel is significant because of
several contributing sub-processes. In particular, the 1-jet and the 2-jet
associated processes are important because at these orders in QCD the $qg$ and
the $gg$ initial states respectively come into play. We have performed a
hadron-level simulation of the signal and present strategies to effectively
extract the signal from what could potentially be a huge background. We present
results for the kinematic reach of the LHC Run-II for different $g_{KK}$ masses
in bulk-RS models.Comment: 16 Pages, 5 Figures v2: Improved analysis with multijet QCD
  background accounted for. Added clarifications and reference