pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A surface-patterned chip as a strong source of ultracold atoms for quantum technologies

Laser-cooled atoms are central to modern precision measurements. They are also increasingly important as an enabling technology for experimental cavity quantum electrodynamics, quantum information processing and matter–wave interferometry. Although significant progress has been made in miniaturizing atomic metrological devices, these are limited in accuracy by their use of hot atomic ensembles and buffer gases. Advances have also been made in producing portable apparatus that benefits from the advantages of atoms in the microkelvin regime. However, simplifying atomic cooling and loading using microfabrication technology has proved difficult. In this Letter we address this problem, realizing an atom chip that enables the integration of laser cooling and trapping into a compact apparatus. Our source delivers ten thousand times more atoms than previous magneto-optical traps with microfabricated optics and, for the first time, can reach sub-Doppler temperatures. Moreover, the same chip design offers a simple way to form stable optical lattices. These features, combined with simplicity of fabrication and ease of operation, make these new traps a key advance in the development of cold-atom technology for high-accuracy, portable measurement devices
Opportunities for knowledge co-production across the energy-food-water nexus: Making interdisciplinary approaches work for better climate decision making

The relationship between the energy-food-water nexus and the climate is non-linear, multi-sectoral and time sensitive, incorporating aspects of complexity and risk in climate related decision-making. This paper seeks to explore how knowledge co-production can help identify opportunities for building more effective, sustainable, inclusive and legitimate decision making processes on climate change. This would enable more resilient responses to climate risks impacting the nexus while increasing transparency, communication and trust among key actors. We do so by proposing the operationalization of an interdisciplinary approach of analysis applying the novel methodology developed in Howarth and Monasterolo (2016). Through a bottom-up, participative approach, we present results of five themed workshops organized in the UK (focusing on: shocks and hazards, infrastructure, local economy, governance and governments, finance and insurance) featuring 78 stakeholders from academia, government and industry. We present participant's perceptions of opportunities that can emerge from climate and weather shocks across the energy-food-water nexus. We explore opportunities offered by the development and deployment of a transdisciplinary approach of analysis within the nexus boundaries and we analyse their implications. Our analysis contributes to the current debate on how to shape global and local responses to climate change by reflecting on lessons learnt and best practice from cross-stakeholder and cross-sectorial engagement. In so doing, it helps inform a new generation of complex systems models to analyse climate change impact on the food-water-energy Nexus
Search for first generation scalar leptoquarks in pp collisions at root s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

We report a search for first generation scalar leptoquarks using 1.03 fb−11.03 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions data produced by the Large Hadron Collider at View the MathML sources=7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS experiment. Leptoquarks are sought via their decay into an electron or neutrino and a quark, producing events with two oppositely charged electrons and at least two jets, or events with an electron, missing transverse momentum and at least two jets. Control data samples are used to validate background predictions from Monte Carlo simulation. In the signal region, the observed event yields are consistent with the background expectations. We exclude at 95% confidence level the production of first generation scalar leptoquark with masses View the MathML sourcemLQ<660(607) GeV when assuming the branching fraction of a leptoquark to a charged lepton is equal to 1.0 (0.5).We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT; Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; ARTEMIS, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Search for new resonances decaying to a W or Z boson and a Higgs boson in the ℓ+ℓ−bb¯, ℓνbb¯, and νν¯bb¯ channels with pp collisions at s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search is presented for new resonances decaying to a W or Z   boson and a Higgs boson in the View the MathML sourceℓ+ℓ−bb¯, View the MathML sourceℓνbb¯, and View the MathML sourceνν¯bb¯ channels in pp   collisions at View the MathML sources=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider using a total integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1. The search is conducted by looking for a localized excess in the WH/ZHWH/ZH invariant or transverse mass distribution. No significant excess is observed, and the results are interpreted in terms of constraints on a simplified model based on a phenomenological Lagrangian of heavy vector triplets.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TREK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Inflammation and the coagulation system in tuberculosis: Tissue Factor leads the dance

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, drives the formation of granulomas, structures in which both immune cells and the bacterial pathogen cohabit. The most abundant cells in granulomas are macrophages, which contribute as both cells with bactericidal activity and as targets for M. tuberculosis infection and proliferation during the entire course of infection. The mechanisms and factors involved in the regulation and control of macrophage microenvironment-specific polarization and plasticity are not well understood, as some granulomas are able to control bacteria growth and others fail to do so, permitting bacterial spread. In this issue of the European Journal of Immunology, Venkatasubramanian et al. [Eur. J. Immunol. 2016. 46: 464-479] show that mice lacking the tissue factor gene in myeloid cells have augmented M. tuberculosis growth and increased inflammation in the lungs. This suggests that tissue factor, an initiator of coagulation, is important for the generation of fibrin, which supports granuloma formation. This article demonstrates for the first time the involvement of tissue factor in inducing effective immunity against M. tuberculosis, and sheds new lights on the complex interplay between host inflammatory response, the coagulation system, and the control of M. tuberculosis infection
Computing role assignments of chordal graphs. \ud

In social network theory, a simple graph G is called k-role assignable if there is a surjective mapping that assigns a number from {1,…,k}, called a role, to each vertex of G such that any two vertices with the same role have the same sets of roles assigned to their neighbors. The decision problem whether such a mapping exists is called the k-Role Assignment problem. This problem is known to be NP-complete for any fixed k≥2. In this paper, we classify the computational complexity of the k-Role Assignment problem for the class of chordal graphs. We show that for this class the problem can be solved in linear time for k=2, but remains NP-complete for any k≥3. This generalizes earlier results by Sheng and answers her open problem.\ud
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Preaxial polydactyly of the foot: Clinical and genetic implications for the orthopedic practice based on a literature review and 76 patients

Background and purpose — Preaxial polydactyly of the foot is a rare malformation and clinicians are often unfamiliar with the associated malformations and syndromes. In order to give guidelines for diagnostics and referral to a clinical geneticist, we provide an overview of the presentation using a literature review and our own patient population. Patients and methods — The literature review was based on the Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) project. From the HPO dataset, all phenotypes describing preaxial polydactyly were obtained and related diseases were identified and selected. An overview was generated in a heatmap, in which the phenotypic contribution of 12 anatomical groups to each disease is displayed. Clinical cases were obtained from our hospital database and were reviewed in terms of phenotype, genotype, heredity, and diagnosed syndromes. Results — From the HPO dataset, 21 diseases were related to preaxial polydactyly of the foot. The anatomical groups with the highest phenotypic contribution were lower limb, upper limb, and craniofacial. From our clinical database, we included 76 patients with 9 different diseases, of which 27 had a GLI3 mutation. Lower limb malformations (n = 55), upper limb malformations (n = 59), and craniofacial malformations (n = 32) were most frequently observed. Malformations in other anatomical groups were observed in 27 patients. Interpretation — Preaxial polydactyly of the foot often presents with other upper and lower limb malformations. In patients with isolated preaxial polydactyly of the foot, referral to a clinical geneticist is not mandatory. In patients with additional malformations, consultation with a clinical geneticist is recommended. When additional limb malformations are present, analysis of GLI3 is most feasible
Validating a breast cancer score in Spanish women. The MCC-Spain study

A breast-risk score, published in 2016, was developed in white-American women using 92 genetic variants (GRS92), modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. With the aim of validating the score in the Spanish population, 1,732 breast cancer cases and 1,910 controls were studied. The GRS92, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor scores were estimated via logistic regression. SNPs without available genotyping were simulated as in the aforementioned 2016 study. The full model score was obtained by combining GRS92, modifiable and non-modifiable risk factor scores. Score performances were tested via the area under the ROC curve (AUROC), net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI). Compared with non-modifiable and modifiable factor scores, GRS92 had higher discrimination power (AUROC: 0.6195, 0.5885 and 0.5214, respectively). Adding the non-modifiable factor score to GRS92 improved patient classification by 23.6% (NRI = 0.236), while the modifiable factor score only improved it by 7.2%. The full model AUROC reached 0.6244. A simulation study showed the ability of the full model for identifying women at high risk for breast cancer. In conclusion, a model combining genetic and risk factors can be used for stratifying women by their breast cancer risk, which can be applied to individualizing genetic counseling and screening recommendations
Gamification in factory management education : A case study with Lego Mindstorms

Research oriented teaching in universities provides opportunities to support the student's desire to explore. A student's learning success can benefit from gamified project work, especially when students face self-guided learning processes in demanding educational activities. Gamification is defined as the use of game elements in a non-game context. Games offer the chance to improve the motivation of students, support group work, train communication skills and introduce the capacity for experimenting in safe environments. Therefore the learning effect of prospective engineers can be increased through the integration of Gamification into educational activities. This leads to higher student participation in university courses and encourages the development of the student's social, personal and technical competences. In this paper a game concept for teaching in universities is introduced focusing on the impartment of the state of the art on manufacturing for value creation, e.g. production planning and control. The concept covers a level based storyline with rules and goals using physical artefacts of Lego Mindstorms. Due to the modular characteristic of Lego, which supports creativity by having a high number of possible combinations, a “free playing space” for students is established. In groups, the students work in a highly problem oriented way, e.g. finding cost savings for their factory due to a changing market condition. Feedback in the sense of the success of student's strategies is given directly through the designed Lego model and its functionality
Kinetic mixing of U(1)’s for local string models.

We study kinetic mixing between massless U(1)s in toroidal orbifolds with D3-branes at orbifold singularities. We focus in particular on   C3/Z4  singularities but also study   C3/Z6  and   C3/Z′6  singularities. We find kinetic mixing can be present and describe the conditions for it to occur. Kinetic mixing comes from winding modes in the   N=2  sector of the orbifold. If kinetic mixing is present its size depends only on the complex structure modulus of the torus and is independent of the Kähler moduli. We also study gauge threshold corrections for local   ZM×ZN  orbifold models finding that, consistent with previous studies, gauge couplings run from the bulk winding scale rather than the string scale
Tunable trimers: using temperature and pressure to control luminescent emission in gold(I) pyrazolate-based trimers

A systematic investigation into the relationship between the solid‐state luminescence and the intermolecular Au⋅⋅⋅Au interactions in a series of pyrazolate‐based gold(I) trimers; tris(μ2‐pyrazolato‐N,N′)‐tri‐gold(I) (1), tris(μ2‐3,4,5‐ trimethylpyrazolato‐N,N′)‐tri‐gold(I) (2), tris(μ2‐3‐methyl‐5‐phenylpyrazolato‐N,N′)‐tri‐gold(I) (3) and tris(μ2‐3,5‐diphenylpyrazolato‐N,N′)‐tri‐gold(I) (4) has been carried out using variable temperature and high pressure X‐ray crystallography, solid‐state emission spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and computational techniques. Single‐crystal X‐ray studies show that there is a significant reduction in the intertrimer Au⋅⋅⋅Au distances both with decreasing temperature and increasing pressure. In the four complexes, the reduction in temperature from 293 to 100 K is accompanied by a reduction in the shortest intermolecular Au⋅⋅⋅Au contacts of between 0.04 and 0.08 Å. The solid‐state luminescent emission spectra of 1 and 2 display a red shift with decreasing temperature or increasing pressure. Compound 3 does not emit under ambient conditions but displays increasingly red‐shifted luminescence upon cooling or compression. Compound 4 remains emissionless, consistent with the absence of intermolecular Au⋅⋅⋅Au interactions. The largest pressure induced shift in emission is observed in 2 with a red shift of approximately 630 cm−1 per GPa between ambient and 3.80 GPa. The shifts in all the complexes can be correlated with changes in Au⋅⋅⋅Au distance observed by diffraction
Can 14- to 20-month-old children learn that a tool serves multiple purposes? A developmental study on children's action goal prediction

Contains fulltext :
                  99983.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)We investigated infants' visual anticipations to the target of an ongoing tool-use action and examined if infants can learn that tools serve multiple functions and can thus be used on different targets. Specifically, we addressed the question at what age children are able to predict the goal of an ongoing tool-use action on the basis of how the actor initiates the action. Fourteen- and 20-month-old children watched a model using a tool to execute two different actions. Each way of grasping and holding the tool was predictive for its use on a particular target. Analyses revealed that the 20- but not the 14-month-olds were able to visually anticipate to the correct target during action observation, which suggests that they perceived the initial part of the tool-use action as predictive for its use on an action target.6 p
LIDF: Layered intrusion detection framework for ad-hoc networks

As ad-hoc networks have different characteristics from a wired network, the intrusion detection techniques used for wired networks are no longer sufficient and effective when adapted directly to a wireless ad-hoc network. In this article, first τhe security challenges in intrusion detection for ad-hoc networks are identified and the related work for anomaly detection is discussed. We then propose a layered intrusion detection framework, which consists of collection, detection and alert modules that are handled by local agents. The collection, detection and alert modules are uniquely enabled with the main operations of ad-hoc networking, which are found at the OSI link and network layers. The proposed modules are based on interpolating polynomials and linear threshold schemes. An experimental evaluation of these modules shows their efficiency for several attack scenarios, such as route logic compromise, traffic patterns distortion and denial of service attacks
Finding vertex-surjective graph homomorphisms.

The Surjective Homomorphism problem is to test whether a given graph G called the guest graph allows a vertex-surjective homomorphism to some other given graph H called the host graph. The bijective and injective homomorphism problems can be formulated in terms of spanning subgraphs and subgraphs, and as such their computational complexity has been extensively studied. What about the surjective variant? Because this problem is NP-complete in general, we restrict the guest and the host graph to belong to graph classes G  and H , respectively. We determine to what extent a certain choice of G  and H  influences its computational complexity. We observe that the problem is polynomial-time solvable if H  is the class of paths, whereas it is NP-complete if G  is the class of paths. Moreover, we show that the problem is even NP-complete on many other elementary graph classes, namely linear forests, unions of complete graphs, cographs, proper interval graphs, split graphs and trees of pathwidth at most 2. In contrast, we prove that the problem is fixed-parameter tractable in k if G  is the class of trees and H  is the class of trees with at most k leaves, or if G  and H  are equal to the class of graphs with vertex cover number at most k
Targeting TKI-resistance in NSCLC: importance of rebiopsy and molecular diagnostics — A case study

We present the case of a 27 year old woman with widely disseminated metastatic adenocarcinoma of the lung who outlived stage IV diagnosis of NSCLC by more than 4 years. Based on rebiopsy and molecular diagnostics of oncogene dependency, appropriately targeted therapies were successfully employed up to a fifth line oral monotherapy with the ErbB family blocker afatinib for a final 11 months. We stress the importance of rebiopsies, the corresponding selection of targeted therapies, and the observed gain in quality of live even in end stage disease
Multivariate normal approximation in geometric probability

Consider a measure $\mu_\lambda = \sum_x \xi_x \delta_x$ where the sum is
over points $x$ of a Poisson point process of intensity $\lambda$ on a bounded
region in $d$-space, and $\xi_x$ is a functional determined by the Poisson
points near to $x$, i.e. satisfying an exponential stabilization condition,
along with a moments condition (examples include statistics for proximity
graphs, germ-grain models and random sequential deposition models). A known
general result says the $\mu_\lambda$-measures (suitably scaled and centred) of
disjoint sets in $R^d$ are asymptotically independent normals as $\lambda \to
\infty$; here we give an $O(\lambda^{-1/(2d + \epsilon)})$ bound on the rate of
convergence. We illustrate our result with an explicit multivariate central
limit theorem for the nearest-neighbour graph on Poisson points on a finite
collection of disjoint intervals.Comment: 23 page
Search for long-lived particles in events with photons and missing energy in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

Results are presented from a search for long-lived neutralinos decaying into a photon and an invisible particle, a signature associated with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking in supersymmetric models. The analysis is based on a 4.9 inverse femtobarn sample of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The missing transverse energy and the time of arrival of the photon at the electromagnetic calorimeter are used to search for an excess of events over the expected background. No significant excess is observed, and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are obtained on the mass of the lightest neutralino, m(neutralino) > 220 GeV (for c tau < 500 mm), as well as on the proper decay length of the lightest neutralino, c tau > 6000 mm (for m(neutralino) < 150 GeV)