pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Re–Os geochronology and Os isotope fingerprinting of petroleum sourced from a Type I lacustrine kerogen : insights from the natural Green River petroleum system in the Uinta Basin and hydrous pyrolysis experiments.

Rhenium–osmium (Re–Os) geochronology of marine petroleum systems has allowed the determination of the depositional age of source rocks as well as the timing of petroleum generation. In addition, Os isotopes have been applied as a fingerprinting tool to correlate oil to its source unit. To date, only classic marine petroleum systems have been studied. Here we present Re–Os geochronology and Os isotope fingerprinting of different petroleum phases (oils, tar sands and gilsonite) derived from the lacustrine Green River petroleum system in the Uinta Basin, USA. In addition we use an experimental approach, hydrous pyrolysis experiments, to compare to the Re–Os data of naturally generated petroleum in order to further understand the mechanisms of Re and Os transfer to petroleum.\ud
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The Re–Os geochronology of petroleum from the lacustrine Green River petroleum system (19 ± 14 Ma – all petroleum phases) broadly agrees with previous petroleum generation basin models (∼25 Ma) suggesting that Re–Os geochronology of variable petroleum phases derived from lacustrine Type I kerogen has similar systematics to Type II kerogen (e.g., Selby and Creaser, 2005a, Selby and Creaser, 2005b and Finlay et al., 2010). However, the large uncertainties (over 100% in some cases) produced for the petroleum Re–Os geochronology are a result of multiple generation events occurring through a ∼3000-m thick source unit that creates a mixture of initial Os isotope compositions in the produced petroleum phases. The 187Os/188Os values for the petroleum and source rocks at the time of oil generation vary from 1.4 to 1.9, with the mode at ∼1.6. Oil-to-source correlation using Os isotopes is consistent with previous correlation studies in the Green River petroleum system, and illustrates the potential utility of Os isotopes to characterize the spatial variations within a petroleum system.\ud
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Hydrous pyrolysis experiments on the Green River Formation source rocks show that Re and Os transfer are mimicking the natural system. This transfer from source to bitumen to oil does not affect source rock Re–Os systematics or Os isotopic compositions. This confirms that Os isotope compositions are transferred intact from source to petroleum during petroleum generation and can be used as a powerful correlation tool. These experiments further confirm that Re–Os systematics in source rocks are not adversely affected by petroleum maturation. Overall this study illustrates that the Re–Os petroleum geochronometer and Os isotope fingerprinting tools can be used on a wide range of petroleum types sourced from variable kerogen types
Geochemical and palynological sea-level proxies in hemipelagic sediments : a critical assessment from the Upper Cretaceous of the Czech Republic.

Geochemical and palynological records are presented for an expanded Turonian–Coniacian hemipelagic succession in the central Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. A high-resolution stratigraphic framework is provided by biostratigraphy and organic carbon stable-isotope (δ13Corg) chemostratigraphy. A short-term (100 kyr) sea-level curve has been derived from high-resolution transgressive/regressive maxima / shore-proximity data established from basin-wide sediment geometries. The viability of geochemical and palynological parameters as potential sea-level proxies is tested against this independently derived sea-level record. Elemental chemostratigraphy is demonstrated to offer a reliable means of identifying medium- to long-term (0.4–2.4 Myr) sea-level trends. Manganese maxima are associated with periods of high sea level, and troughs with intervals of low sea level. Falling Mn contents accompany regression and rising values transgression. Major transgressive events associated with medium-term sea-level change are marked by sharp increases in Ti/Al ratios, but short-term (100 kyr) sea-level cycles are not consistently identified. Long-term δ13Corg variation and dinoflagellate cyst species richness are positively correlated and show similarities to the sea-level curve. Baseline trends have a cycle duration close to the 2.4 Myr long-eccentricity cycle. Dinocyst species richness closely follows short-term changes in sea level, with marked increases in dinocyst diversity coincident with most short-term flooding events. Periods of rapid sea-level rise caused an influx of a more diverse ‘outer shelf’ assemblage into the study area, together with the addition of shallower water species, some of which may have been transported into the central basin by hypopycnal flows. Changes in the proportion and abundance of peridinioid dinoflagellate cysts (principally Palaeohystrichophora infusorioides) were controlled principally by changing nutrient levels. Proximity proxies derived from geochemical and palynological data are not always consistent with the independent sea-level model. This exemplifies the need to understand all factors influencing elemental geochemical and palynological proxies before making simplistic sea level interpretations
Sprint-based exercise and cognitive function in adolescents

This is an open access article published by Elsevier and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Moderate intensity exercise has been shown to enhance cognition in an adolescent population, yet the effect of high-intensity sprint-based exercise remains unknown and was therefore examined in the present study. Following ethical approval and familiarisation, 44 adolescents (12.6 ± 0.6 y) completed an exercise (E) and resting (R) trial in a counter-balanced, randomised crossover design. The exercise trial comprised of 10 × 10 s running sprints, interspersed by 50 s active recovery (walking). A battery of cognitive function tests (Stroop, Digit Symbol Substitution (DSST) and Corsi blocks tests) were completed 30 min pre-exercise, immediately post-exercise and 45 min post-exercise. Data were analysed using mixed effect models with repeated measures. Response times on the simple level of the Stroop test were significantly quicker 45 min following sprint-based exercise (R: 818 ± 33 ms, E: 772 ± 26 ms; p = 0.027) and response times on the complex level of the Stroop test were quicker immediately following the sprint-based exercise (R: 1095 ± 36 ms, E: 1043 ± 37 ms; p = 0.038), while accuracy was maintained. Sprint-based exercise had no immediate or delayed effects on the number of items recalled on the Corsi blocks test (p = 0.289) or substitutions made during the DSST (p = 0.689). The effect of high intensity sprint-based exercise on adolescents' cognitive function was dependant on the component of cognitive function examined. Executive function was enhanced following exercise, demonstrated by improved response times on the Stroop test, whilst visuo-spatial memory and general psycho-motor speed were unaffected. These data support the inclusion of high-intensity sprint-based exercise for adolescents during the school day to enhance cognition
Functional strength training and movement performance therapy produce analogous improvement in sit-to-stand early after stroke : early-phase randomised controlled trial

Objectives Restoring independence in the sit-to-stand (STS) task is an important objective for stroke rehabilitation. It is not known if a particular intervention, strength training or therapy focused on movement performance is more likely to improve STS recovery. This study aimed to compare STS outcomes from functional strength training, movement performance therapy and conventional therapy.Design Randomised controlled trial.Setting Acute stroke units.Participants Medically well patients (n = 93) with recent (<42 days) stroke. The mean age of patients was 68.8 years, mean time post ictus was 33.5 days, 54 (58%) were male, 20 showed neglect (22%) and 37 (40%) had a left-sided brain lesion.Interventions Six weeks of either conventional therapy, functional strength training or movement performance therapy. Subjects were allocated to groups on a random basis.Main outcome measures STS ability, timing, symmetry, co-ordination, smoothness and knee velocity were measured at baseline, outcome (after 6 weeks of intervention) and follow-up (3 months after outcome).Results No significant differences were found between the groups. All three groups improved their STS ability, with 88% able to STS at follow-up compared with 56% at baseline. Few differences were noted in quality of movement, with only symmetry when rising showing significantly greater improvement in the movement performance therapy group; this benefit was not evident at follow-up.Conclusions Recovery of the STS movement is consistently good during stroke rehabilitation, irrespective of the type of therapy experienced. Changes in quality of movement did not differ according to group allocation, indicating that the type of therapy is less important.Clinical Trial Registration Number NCT00322192
The primitive spectrum of basic classical Lie superalgebras

We prove Conjecture 5.7 in [arXiv:1409.2532], describing all inclusions
between primitive ideals for the general linear superalgebra in terms of the
Ext1-quiver of simple highest weight modules. For arbitrary basic classical Lie
superalgebras, we formulate two types of Kazhdan-Lusztig quasi-orders on the
dual of the Cartan subalgebra, where one corresponds to the above conjecture.
Both orders can be seen as generalisations of the left Kazhdan-Lusztig order on
Hecke algebras and are related to categorical braid group actions. We prove
that the primitive spectrum is always described by one of the orders, obtaining
for the first time a description of the inclusions. We also prove that the two
orders are identical if category O admits `enough' abstract Kazhdan-Lusztig
theories. In particular, they are identical for the general linear
superalgebra, concluding the proof of the conjecture
RBF DQ Method for Solving Nonlinear Differential Equations of Lane Emden
  type

The Lane-Emden type equations are employed in the modelling of several
phenomena in the areas of mathematical physics and astrophysics . In this paper
a new numerical method is applied to investigate some well-known classes of
Lane-Emden type equations which are nonlinear ordinary differential equations
on the semi-infinite domain. We will apply a mesh-less method based on radial
basis function differential quadrature method. In RBFs-DQ the derivative value
of function with respect to a point is directly approximated by a linear
combination of all functional values in the global domain . The main aim of
this method is the determination of weight coefficients. Here we concentrate on
Gaussian(GS) as a radial function for approximating the solution of the
mentioned equation. The comparison of the results with the other numerical
methods shows the efficiency and accuracy of this method.Comment: 9 figures, 29 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with
  arXiv:1509.0432
Fluids confined in wedges and by edges: virial series for the
  line-thermodynamic properties of hard spheres

This work is devoted to analyze the relation between the thermodynamic
properties of a confined fluid and the shape of its confining vessel. Recently,
new insights in this topic were found through the study of cluster integrals
for inhomogeneous fluids, that revealed the dependence on the vessel shape of
the low density behavior of the system. Here, the statistical mechanics and
thermodynamics of fluids confined in wedges or by edges is revisited, focusing
on their cluster integrals. In particular, the well known hard sphere fluid,
which was not studied in this framework so far, is analyzed under confinement
and its thermodynamic properties are analytically studied up to order two in
the density. Furthermore, the analysis is extended to the confinement produced
by a corrugated wall. These results rely on the obtained analytic expression
for the second cluster integral of the confined hard sphere system as a
function of the opening dihedral angle $0<\beta<2\pi$. It enables a unified
approach to both wedges and edges.Comment: 13 pages and 15 figure
Mechanisms of vortices termination in the cardiac muscle

We propose a solution to a long standing problem: how to terminate multiple
vortices in the heart, when the locations of their cores and their critical
time windows are unknown. We scan the phases of all pinned vortices in parallel
with electric field pulses (E-pulses). We specify a condition on pacing
parameters that guarantees termination of one vortex. For more than one vortex
with significantly different frequencies, the success of scanning depends on
chance, and all vortices are terminated with a success rate of less than one.
We found that a similar mechanism terminates also a free (not pinned) vortex. A
series of about 500 experiments with termination of ventricular fibrillation by
E-pulses in pig isolated hearts is evidence that pinned vortices, hidden from
direct observation, are significant in fibrillation. These results form a
physical basis needed for the creation of new effective low energy
defibrillation methods based on the termination of vortices underlying
fibrillation.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, as accepted to Royal Society Open Scienc
Tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor therapy in chronic physical illness: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect on depression and anxiety

Objective: Depression is more common among individuals with chronic physical illness than in the general population New treatments for severe and chronic inflammatory conditions which inhibit tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), a pro-inflammatory cytokine, may be able to shed some light on the role of inflammatory mediators in depression This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials determined the effects of TNF-α inhibitor therapy on depression and anxiety in people with chronic physical illness. Methods: Seven databases were searched from inception to January 2014: AMED, Central, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO. Articles were screened for inclusion independently by two reviewers. Data extraction and appraisal were conducted by one reviewer and checked by a second. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Results: Six randomised controlled trials (reported in seven articles) met eligibility criteria and were included in the final review. In total 2540 participants were enrolled across the trials, with participants presenting with rheumatoid arthritis (n = 3 trials), psoriasis (n = 2) or ankylosing spondylitis (n = 1). Meta-analyses, using standardised mean differences, showed evidence of small reductions in depression (- 0.24; 95% CI - 0.33 to - 0.14; p < 0.001), and anxiety (- 0.17; 95% CI - 0.31 to - 0.02; p = 0.02). Conclusion: TNF-α inhibitor therapy reduces depression in people with chronic disease though the effects are small. Whilst this is consistent with inflammation contributing to the development of depression, further studies investigating a more detailed timeline of changes in depression, inflammatory biomarkers and disease activity status are required.National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care SouthWest Peninsul
The genome sequence of the orchid #Phalaenopsis equestris#

Orchidaceae, renowned for its spectacular flowers and other reproductive and ecological adaptations, is one of the most diverse plant families. Here we present the genome sequence of the tropical epiphytic orchid Phalaenopsis equestris, a frequently used parent species for orchid breeding. P. equestris is the first plant with crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) for which the genome has been sequenced. Our assembled genome contains 29,431 predicted protein-coding genes. We find that contigs likely to be underassembled, owing to heterozygosity, are enriched for genes that might be involved in self-incompatibility pathways. We find evidence for an orchid-specific paleopolyploidy event that preceded the radiation of most orchid clades, and our results suggest that gene duplication might have contributed to the evolution of CAM photosynthesis in P. equestris. Finally, we find expanded and diversified families of MADS-box C/D-class, B-class AP3 and AGL6-class genes, which might contribute to the highly specialized morphology of orchid flowers. (Résumé d'auteur
Search for high-mass diboson resonances with boson-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at root s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author)A search is performed for narrow resonances decaying into WW, WZ, or ZZ boson pairs using 20.3 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of s=8$$ \sqrt{s}=8 $$ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Diboson resonances with masses in the range from 1.3 to 3.0 TeV are sought after using the invariant mass distribution of dijets where both jets are tagged as a boson jet, compatible with a highly boosted W or Z boson decaying to quarks, using jet mass and substructure properties. The largest deviation from a smoothly falling background in the observed dijet invariant mass distribution occurs around 2 TeV in the WZ channel, with a global significance of 2.5 standard deviations. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section times branching ratio for the WZ final state of a new heavy gauge boson, W′, and for the WW and ZZ final states of Kaluza-Klein excitations of the graviton in a bulk Randall-Sundrum model, as a function of the resonance mass. W′ bosons with couplings predicted by the extended gauge model in the mass range from 1.3 to 1.5 TeV are excluded at 95% confidence level
Air entrainment in transient flows in closed water pipes: a two-layer approach.

International audienceIn this paper, we first construct a model for free surface flows that takes into account the air entrainment by a system of four partial differential equations. We derive it by taking averaged values of gas and fluid velocities on the cross surface flow in the Euler equations (incompressible for the fluid and compressible for the gas). The obtained system is conditionally hyperbolic. Then, we propose a mathematical kinetic interpretation of this system to finally construct a two-layer kinetic scheme in which a special treatment for the ''missing'' boundary condition is performed. Several numerical tests on closed water pipes are performed and the impact of the loss of hyperbolicity is discussed and illustrated. Finally, we make a numerical study of the order of the kinetic method in the case where the system is mainly non hyperbolic. This provides a useful stability result when the spatial mesh size goes to zero
Elementary proofs of some identities of Ramanujan for the Rogers-Ramanujan functions

Cataloged from PDF version of article.In a handwritten manuscript published with his lost notebook, Ramanujan stated without proofs forty identities for the Rogers-Ramanujan functions. With one exception all of Ramanujan's identities were proved. In this paper, we provide a proof for the remaining identity together with new elementary proofs for two identities of Ramanujan which were previously proved using the theory of modular forms. Ramanujan stated that each of his formula was the simplest of a large class. Our proofs are constructive and permit us to obtain several analogous identities which could have been stated by Ramanujan and may very well belong to his large class of identities. © 2011 Elsevier Inc
Annihilation rate in positronic systems by quantum Monte Carlo: e(+)LiH as test case

An accurate method to compute the annihilation rate in positronic systems by means of quantum Monte Carlo simulations is tested and compared with previously proposed methods using simple model systems. This method can be applied within all the quantum Monte Carlo techniques, just requiring the accumulation of the positron-electron distribution function. The annihilation rate of e(+)LiH as a function of the internuclear distance is studied using a model potential approach to eliminate the core electrons of Li, and explicitly correlated wave functions to deal with all the remaining particles. These results allow us to compute vibrationally averaged annihilation rates, and to understand the effect of the Li+ electric field on positron and electron distributions. (C) 2002 American Institute of Physics
Evolutionary Inference of Attribute-based Access Control Policies

The interest in attribute-based access control policies is increasingly growing due to their ability to accommodate the complex security requirements of modern computer systems. With this novel paradigm, access control policies consist of attribute expressions which implicitly describe the properties of subjects and protection objects and which must be satisfied for a request to be allowed. Since specifying a policy in this framework may be very complex, approaches for policy mining, i.e., for inferring a specification automatically from examples in the form of logs of authorized and denied requests, have been recently proposed.\ud
In this work, we propose a multi-objective evolutionary approach for solving the policy mining task. We designed and implemented a problem representation suitable for evolutionary computation, along with several search-optimizing features which have proven to be highly useful in this context: a strategy for learning a policy by learning single rules, each one focused on a subset of requests; a custom initialization of the population; a scheme for diversity promotion and for early termination. We show that our approach deals successfully with case studies of realistic complexity
Of dups and dinos : evolution at the K/Pg boundary

Fifteen years into sequencing entire plant genomes, more than 30 paleopolyploidy events could be mapped on the tree of flowering plants (and many more when also transcriptome data sets are considered). While some genome duplications are very old and have occurred early in the evolution of dicots and monocots, or even before, others are more recent and seem to have occurred independently in many different plant lineages. Strikingly, a majority of these duplications date somewhere between 55 and 75 million years ago (mya), and thus likely correlate with the K/Pg boundary. If true, this would suggest that plants that had their genome duplicated at that time, had an increased chance to survive the most recent mass extinction event, at 66 mya, which wiped out a majority of plant and animal life, including all non-avian dinosaurs. Here, we review several processes, both neutral and adaptive, that might explain the establishment of polyploid plants, following the K/Pg mass extinction