pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Public Acceptance towards Congestion Charge: A Case Study of Brisbane

AbstractThis paper investigates public acceptance towards congestion charge in Australia by taking Brisbane as a case study. Public acceptance to congestion charge has often been investigated in the literature. However, few were in the context of an Australian city. This paper fills the gap. A face-to-face survey was conducted to solicit public opinions on the congestion charge, should a congestion charge scheme be implemented in the Brisbane City area. The survey data were analysed to pinpoint important factors relevant to people's attitudes towards congestion charge and to measure their relationships. Main findings from our analysis are: (1) the residents’ attitudes towards congestion charge differ by genders and by user groups of transport modes; (2) for each of the three groups (i.e., the auto users, the transit riders, and the whole participants), a positive and stable correlation was found between a participant's attitude towards congestion charge and the effectiveness of congestion charge on reducing traffic congestion. A negative and stable correlation was also found for all three groups between a participant's attitude towards congestion charge and congestion charge's negative impact on the attractiveness of working in the city; (3) the auto users tended to be more sceptical about the service capacity of existing transit systems in coping with extra passengers induced by the implementation of congestion charge; and (4) for people with high income, introducing the congestion charge may have no impact on their travelling to the city
High prevalence of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia among Mozambican children <5 years of age admitted to hospital with clinical severe pneumonia

AbstractWe aimed to describe Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) prevalence and features in children from sub-Saharan Africa and to investigate PCP-associated risk factors. During 2006–2007 we used molecular methods to test children younger than 5 years old admitted with severe pneumonia to a hospital in southern Mozambique for Pneumocystis infection. We recruited 834 children. PCP prevalence was 6.8% and HIV prevalence was 25.7%. The in-hospital and delayed mortality were significantly higher among children with PCP (20.8% vs. 10.2%, p 0.021, and 11.5% vs. 3.6%, p 0.044, respectively). Clinical features were mostly overlapping between the two groups. Independent risk factors for PCP were age less than a year (odds ratio (OR) 6.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.86–21.65), HIV infection (OR 2.99, 95% CI 1.16–7.70), grunting (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.04–6.73) and digital clubbing (OR 10.75, 95% CI 1.21–95.56). PCP is a common and life-threatening cause of severe pneumonia in Mozambican children. Mother-to-child HIV transmission prevention should be strengthened. Better diagnostic tools are needed
The RNA Binding Protein IMP2 Preserves Glioblastoma Stem Cells by Preventing let-7 Target Gene Silencing

SummaryCancer stem cells (CSCs) can drive tumor growth, and their maintenance may rely on post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, including that mediated by microRNAs (miRNAs). The let-7 miRNA family has been shown to induce differentiation by silencing stem cell programs. Let-7-mediated target gene suppression is prevented by LIN28A/B, which reduce let-7 biogenesis in normal embryonic and some cancer stem cells and ensure maintenance of stemness. Here, we find that glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) lack LIN28 and express both let-7 and their target genes, suggesting LIN28-independent protection from let-7 silencing. Using photoactivatable-ribonucleoside-enhanced crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (PAR-CLIP), we show that insulin-like growth factor 2 mRNA-binding protein 2 (IMP2) binds to let-7 miRNA recognition elements (MREs) and prevents let-7 target gene silencing. Our observations define the RNA-binding repertoire of IMP2 and identify a mechanism whereby it supports GSC and neural stem cell specification
On the measured lifetime of light hypernuclei 3ΛH and 4ΛH

AbstractA statistical combination of the experimental lifetime estimations available in the literatures is performed for 3ΛH and 4ΛH, including several recent measurements. The combined average values of the lifetime for 3ΛH and 4ΛH are respectively 216−16+19 ps and 192−18+20 ps with a reduced χ2 of 0.89 and 0.48. A new insight into the lifetime estimation of the HypHI Phase 0 experiment by a Bayesian approach is also presented. In this approach, several different prior distributions including the combination of previous lifetime data and a Jeffrey prior are used. The principal mode and the smallest credible interval at 68% of the posterior distribution, given by the prior belief of the previous measurements, are 217−16+19 ps and 194−18+20 ps respectively for 3ΛH and 4ΛH. The two employed approaches have revealed that the lifetime of hypernuclei 3ΛH and 4ΛH can be shorter than the Λ–hyperon lifetime
Bs mixing phase and lepton flavor violation in supersymmetric SU(5)

AbstractWe inspect consequences of the latest Bs mixing phase measurements on lepton flavor violation in a supersymmetric SU(5) theory. The O(1) phase, preferring a non-vanishing squark mixing, generically implies τ→(e+μ)γ and μ→eγ. Depending on the gaugino and the scalar mass parameters as well as tanβ, the rates turn out to be detectable or even already excessive, if the RR mass insertion of down-type squarks is nonzero. We find that it becomes easy to reconcile Bs mixing phase with lepton flavor violation given: gaugino to scalar squared mass ratio around 1/12, both LL and RR insertions with decent sizes, and low tanβ
Microscopic shell-model description of the exotic nucleus 16C

AbstractThe structure of the neutron-rich carbon nucleus 16C is described by introducing a new microscopic shell model of no-core type. The model space is composed of the 0s, 0p, 1s0d, and 1p0f shells. The effective interaction is microscopically derived from the CD-Bonn potential and the Coulomb force through a unitary transformation theory. Calculated low-lying energy levels of 16C agree well with the experimental values. The B(E2;21+→01+) value is calculated with the bare charges. The anomalously hindered B(E2) value for 16C, measured recently, is well reproduced
Global strong solution to the 2D nonhomogeneous incompressible MHD system

AbstractIn this paper, we first prove the unique global strong solution with vacuum to the two-dimensional nonhomogeneous incompressible MHD system, as long as the initial data satisfies some compatibility condition. As a corollary, the global existence of strong solution with vacuum to the 2D nonhomogeneous incompressible Navier–Stokes equations is also established. Our main result improves all the previous results where the initial density need to be strictly positive. The key idea is to use some critical Sobolev inequality of logarithmic type, which is originally due to Brezis and Wainger (1980) [7]
A Dynamin-Actin Interaction Is Required for Vesicle Scission during Endocytosis in Yeast

SummaryActin is critical for endocytosis in yeast cells, and also in mammalian cells under tension. However, questions remain as to how force generated through actin polymerization is transmitted to the plasma membrane to drive invagination and scission. Here, we reveal that the yeast dynamin Vps1 binds and bundles filamentous actin. Mutational analysis of Vps1 in a helix of the stalk domain identifies a mutant RR457-458EE that binds actin more weakly. In vivo analysis of Vps1 function demonstrates that the mutation disrupts endocytosis but not other functions of Vps1 such as vacuolar trafficking or peroxisome fission. The mutant Vps1 is stably expressed in cells and co-localizes with the endocytic reporters Abp1 and the amphiphysin Rvs167. Detailed analysis of individual endocytic patch behavior indicates that the mutation causes aberrant movements in later stages of endocytosis, consistent with a scission defect. Ultrastructural analysis of yeast cells using electron microscopy reveals a significant increase in invagination depth, further supporting a role for the Vps1-actin interaction during scission. In vitro analysis of the mutant protein demonstrates that—like wild-type Vps1—it is able to form oligomeric rings, but, critically, it has lost its ability to bundle actin filaments into higher-order structures. A model is proposed in which actin filaments bind Vps1 during invagination, and this interaction is important to transduce the force of actin polymerization to the membrane to drive successful scission
Prefrontal cortex connectivity dysfunction in performing the Fist–Edge–Palm task in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and non-psychotic first-degree relatives

AbstractNeurological soft signs have been considered one of the promising neurological endophenotypes for schizophrenia. However, most previous studies have employed clinical rating data only. The present study aimed to examine the neurobiological basis of one of the typical motor coordination signs, the Fist–Edge–Palm (FEP) task, in patients with first-episode schizophrenia and their non-psychotic first degree relatives. Thirteen patients with first-episode schizophrenia, 14 non-psychotic first-degree relatives and 14 healthy controls were recruited. All of them were instructed to perform the FEP task in a 3 T GE Machine. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis was used to evaluate the functional connectivity between the sensorimotor cortex and frontal regions when participants performed the FEP task compared to simple motor tasks. In the contrast of palm-tapping (PT) vs. rest, activation of the left frontal–parietal region was lowest in the schizophrenia group, intermediate in the relative group and highest in the healthy control group. In the contrast of FEP vs. PT, patients with schizophrenia did not show areas of significant activation, while relatives and healthy controls showed significant activation of the left middle frontal gyrus. Moreover, with the increase in task complexity, significant functional connectivity was observed between the sensorimotor cortex and the right frontal gyrus in healthy controls but not in patients with first episode schizophrenia. These findings suggest that activity of the left frontal–parietal and frontal regions may be neurofunctional correlates of neurological soft signs, which in turn may be a potential endophenotype of schizophrenia. Moreover, the right frontal gyrus may play a specific role in the execution of the FEP task in schizophrenia spectrum disorders
Born–Infeld determinantal gravity and the taming of the conical singularity in 3-dimensional spacetime

AbstractIn the context of Born–Infeld determinantal gravity formulated in an n-dimensional spacetime with absolute parallelism, we found an exact 3-dimensional vacuum circular symmetric solution without cosmological constant consisting in a rotating spacetime with non-singular behavior. The space behaves at infinity as the conical geometry typical of 3-dimensional General Relativity without cosmological constant. However, the solution has no conical singularity because the space ends at a minimal circle that no freely falling particle can ever reach in a finite proper time. The space is curved, but no divergences happen since the curvature invariants vanish at both asymptotic limits. Remarkably, this very mechanism also forbids the existence of closed timelike curves in such a spacetime
The Resistive-Plate WELL with Argon mixtures – A robust gaseous radiation detector

AbstractA thin single-element THGEM-based, Resistive-Plate WELL (RPWELL) detector was operated with 150GeV/c muon and pion beams in Ne/(5%CH4), Ar/(5%CH4) and Ar/(7%CO2); signals were recorded with 1cm2 square pads and SRS/APV25 electronics. Detection efficiency values greater than 98% were reached in all the gas mixtures, at average pad multiplicity of 1.2. The use of the 109Ωcm resistive plate resulted in a completely discharge-free operation also in intense pion beams. The efficiency remained essentially constant at 98–99% up to fluxes of ∼104Hz/cm2, dropping by a few % when approaching 105Hz/cm2. These results pave the way towards cost-effective, robust, efficient, large-scale detectors for a variety of applications in future particle, astro-particle and applied fields. A potential target application is digital hadron calorimetry
Reactive transport modelling of carbonate cementation in a deep saline aquifer, the Middle Jurassic Oolithe Blanche Formation, Paris Basin, France

AbstractThe Oolithe Blanche Formation (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) is one of the deep saline aquifers of the Paris Basin in France. The spatial distribution of its reservoir properties (porosity, permeability, tortuosity, etc.) is now better known with relatively homogeneous properties, except for some levels in the central part of the basin, where permeability exhibits higher values. This spatial distribution has been correlated with diagenetic events (variability of cementation) and palaeo-fluid flow circulation phases leading to variable cementation. In this paper, numerical simulations of reactive transport are performed. They provide a preliminary quantitative analysis of the Oolithe Blanche Formation, the type of fluids involved, the duration of fluid flow, and the time required to reduce the primary porosity of the Bathonian sediments by 10% due to cementation. Our results from the reactive transport simulations along a flow line, and a parameter sensitivity analysis suggest that diagenesis processes driven by meteoric water recharge do not exclusively cause the 10% decrease in porosity. Other geochemical and hydrogeologic processes must be involved
Through-Life Systems Engineering Design & Support with SysML

AbstractNew system capability needs have been evaluated based primarily on the product design characteristics. This process neglects the other areas of the system design such as operational availability. The proposed solution takes a more holistic view of system capability identification and trade-off analysis. This solution will consider the combination of both operations and support environments with through-life predictions of the key performance indicators of the various options, while using the systems modelling language (SysML) integrated with SimuLink. This involves using SysML to provide engineering templates, modular assembly of simulation scenarios and a matrix trade-off method using stochastic information
Plateau inflation in R-parity violating MSSM

AbstractInflation with plateau potentials give the best fit to the CMB observables as they predict tensor to scalar ratio stringently bounded by the observations from Planck and BICEP2/Keck. In supergravity models it is possible to obtain plateau potentials for scalar fields in the Einstein frame which can serve as the inflation potential by considering higher dimensional Planck suppressed operators and by the choice of non-canonical Kähler potentials. We construct a plateau inflation model in MSSM where the inflation occurs along a sneutrino-Higgs flat direction. A hidden sector Polonyi field is used for the breaking of supersymmetry after the end of the inflation. The proper choice of superpotential leads to strong stabilization of the Polonyi field, mZ2≫m3/22, which is required to solve the cosmological moduli problem. Also, the SUSY breaking results in a TeV scale gravitino mass and scalar masses and gives rise to bilinear and trilinear couplings of scalars which can be tested at the LHC. The sneutrino inflation field can be observed at the LHC as a TeV scale diphoton resonance like the one reported by CMS and ATLAS
Processing and microstructure characterisation of oxide dispersion strengthened Fe–14Cr–0.4Ti–0.25Y2O3 ferritic steels fabricated by spark plasma sintering

AbstractFerritic steels strengthened with Ti–Y–O nanoclusters are leading candidates for fission and fusion reactor components. A Fe–14Cr–0.4Ti+0.25Y2O3 (14YT) alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying and subsequently consolidated by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The densification of the 14YT alloys significantly improved with an increase in the sintering temperature. Scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction revealed that 14YT SPS-sintered at 1150°C under 50MPa for 5min had a high density (99.6%), a random grain orientation and a bimodal grain size distribution (<500nm and 1–20μm). Synchrotron X-ray diffraction patterns showed bcc ferrite, Y2Ti2O7, FeO, and chromium carbides, while transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography showed uniformly dispersed Y2Ti2O7 nanoclusters of <5nm diameter and number density of 1.04×1023m−3. Due to the very much shorter consolidation times and lower pressures used in SPS compared with the more usual hot isostatic pressing routes, SPS is shown to be a cost-effective technique for oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy manufacturing with microstructural features consistent with the best-performing ODS alloys
3d N=1 Chern–Simons-matter theory and localization

AbstractWe consider the most general, classically-conformal, three-dimensional N=1 Chern–Simons-matter theory with global symmetry Sp(2) and gauge group U(N)×U(N). We show that the Lagrangian in the on-shell formulation of the theory admits one more free parameter as compared to the theory formulated in off-shell N=1 superspace. The theory on T3 can be formally localized. We partially carry out the localization procedure for the theory on T3 with periodic boundary conditions. In particular we show that restricting to the saddle points with vanishing gauge connection gives a trivial contribution to the partition function, i.e. the bosonic and fermionic contributions exactly cancel each other
Supermarket Choice, Shopping Behavior, Socioeconomic Status, and Food Purchases

IntroductionBoth SES and supermarket choice have been associated with diet quality. This study aimed to assess the contributions of supermarket choice and shopping behaviors to the healthfulness of purchases and social patterning in purchases.MethodsObservational panel data on purchases of fruit and vegetables and less-healthy foods/beverages from 2010 were obtained for 24,879 households, stratified by occupational social class (analyzed in 2014). Households’ supermarket choice was determined by whether they ever visited market-defined high- or low-price supermarkets. Analyses also explored extent of use within supermarket choice groups. Shopping behaviors included trip frequency, trip size, and number of store chains visited.ResultsHouseholds using low-price (and not high-price) supermarkets purchased significantly lower percentages of energy from fruit and vegetables and higher percentages of energy from less-healthy foods/beverages than households using high-price (and not low-price) supermarkets. When controlling for SES and shopping behaviors, the effect of supermarket choice was reduced but remained significant for both fruit and vegetables and less-healthy foods/beverages. The extent of use of low- or high-price supermarkets had limited effects on outcomes. More-frequent trips and fewer small trips were associated with healthier purchasing for both outcomes; visiting more store chains was associated with higher percentages of energy from fruit and vegetables.ConclusionsAlthough both supermarket choice and shopping behaviors are associated with healthfulness of purchases, neither appears to contribute to socioeconomic differences. Moreover, differences between supermarket environments may not be primary drivers of the relationship between supermarket choice and healthfulness of purchases
Urban Mobility Data Management – The OPTICITIES Project and the Madrid Standardization Proposal

AbstractUrban mobility is an increasingly complex challenge for the cities, and involves many different aspects. An aspect central to the problem is the management of mobility data in the cities. The traditional approach has resulted in data silos implemented and mostly valid only for the city for which they were developed.The OPTICITIES project aims at providing a common framework for multimodal transport management and service provision in the urban environment. A thorough analysis of all the relevant aspects related to the urban data management will be performed in a number of European cities. Working on the idea of local implementations, an overall interoperability framework and local data management profiles of data formats and interfaces are being defined and tested. Working closely with ISO and CEN standardisation groups, it is expected that OPTICITIES will impact directly on reference standard drafts.Additionally, cities usually present also particularities that cannot be addressed exclusively from a technical point of view. The city and region of Madrid, Spain, has done a huge effort in order to integrate operators’ data in a common platform, but needs to consider legacy and new systems, and other factors. The OPTICITIES project aims to integrate all these factors into an implementation guidelines handbook that will allow any city, regardless of the currently used systems and applications, to address the deployment of advanced multimodal data management elements
Work at Height: Neglect or Improvisation in Civil Construction in Brazil and Uruguay?

AbstractWork at heights in the construction industry is responsible for a large number of occupational accidents. In Brazil, despite the relevant security-related legislation, it is possible to find situations of neglect and improvisation in various construction sites. The aim is to promote the debate about labor safety at construction sites. This article discusses the similarities between the labor safety laws of Brazil and Uruguay. After visits to construction sites in the cities of Recife (Brazil) and Montevideo (Uruguay) it was possible to observe both ergonomic and labor safety problems. After analyzing the perception of risk, improvement suggestions were generated
Search for long-lived, heavy particles in final states with a muon and multi-track displaced vertex in proton–proton collisions at s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

AbstractMany extensions of the Standard Model posit the existence of heavy particles with long lifetimes. In this Letter, results are presented of a search for events containing one or more such particles, which decay at a significant distance from their production point, using a final state containing charged hadrons and an associated muon. This analysis uses a data sample of proton–proton collisions at s=7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4 fb−1 collected in 2011 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Results are interpreted in the context of R-parity violating supersymmetric scenarios. No events in the signal region are observed and limits are set on the production cross section for pair production of supersymmetric particles, multiplied by the square of the branching fraction for a neutralino to decay to charged hadrons and a muon, based on the scenario where both of the produced supersymmetric particles give rise to neutralinos that decay in this way. However, since the search strategy is based on triggering on and reconstructing the decay products of individual long-lived particles, irrespective of the rest of the event, these limits can easily be reinterpreted in scenarios with different numbers of long-lived particles per event. The limits are presented as a function of neutralino lifetime, and for a range of squark and neutralino masses