pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric DC conductivities from black hole horizons

An analytic expression for the DC electrical conductivity in terms of black hole horizon data was recently obtained for a class of holographic black holes exhibiting momentum dissipation. We generalise this result to obtain analogous expressions for the DC thermoelectric and thermal conductivities. We illustrate our results using some holographic Q-lattice black holes as well as for some black holes with linear massless axions, in both D = 4 and D = 5 bulk spacetime dimensions, which include both spatially isotropic and anisotropic examples. We show that some recently constructed ground states of holographic Q-lattices, which can be either electrically insulating or metallic, are all thermal insulators
On shape dependence of holographic mutual information in AdS 4

We study the holographic mutual information in AdS 4 of disjoint spatial domains in the boundary which are delimited by smooth closed curves. A numerical method which approximates a local minimum of the area functional through triangulated surfaces is employed. After some checks of the method against existing analytic results for the holographic entanglement entropy, we compute the holographic mutual information of equal domains delimited by ellipses, superellipses or the boundaries of two dimensional spherocylinders, finding also the corresponding transition curves along which the holographic mutual information vanishes
Identifying genetic risk variants for coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolemia: an extreme genetics approach.

To access publisher's full text version of this article click on the hyperlink at the bottom of the pageMutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene cause familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), a disorder characterized by coronary heart disease (CHD) at young age. We aimed to apply an extreme sampling method to enhance the statistical power to identify novel genetic risk variants for CHD in individuals with FH. We selected cases and controls with an extreme contrast in CHD risk from 17 000 FH patients from the Netherlands, whose functional LDLR mutation was unequivocally established. The genome-wide association (GWA) study was performed on 249 very young FH cases with CHD and 217 old FH controls without CHD (above 65 years for males and 70 years of age for females) using the Illumina HumanHap550K chip. In the next stage, two independent samples (one from the Netherlands and one from Italy, Norway, Spain, and the United Kingdom) of FH patients were used as replication samples. In the initial GWA analysis, we identified 29 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with suggestive associations with premature CHD (P<1 × 10(-4)). We examined the association of these SNPs with CHD risk in the replication samples. After Bonferroni correction, none of the SNPs either replicated or reached genome-wide significance after combining the discovery and replication samples. Therefore, we conclude that the genetics of CHD risk in FH is complex and even applying an 'extreme genetics' approach we did not identify new genetic risk variants. Most likely, this method is not as effective in leveraging effect size as anticipated, and may, therefore, not lead to significant gains in statistical power
A chemical probe that labels human pluripotent stem cells.

A small-molecule fluorescent probe specific for human pluripotent stem cells would serve as a useful tool for basic cell biology research and stem cell therapy. Screening of fluorescent chemical libraries with human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and subsequent evaluation of hit molecules identified a fluorescent compound (Kyoto probe 1 [KP-1]) that selectively labels human pluripotent stem cells. Our analyses indicated that the selectivity results primarily from a distinct expression pattern of ABC transporters in human pluripotent stem cells and from the transporter selectivity of KP-1. Expression of ABCB1 (MDR1) and ABCG2 (BCRP), both of which cause the efflux of KP-1, is repressed in human pluripotent stem cells. Although KP-1, like other pluripotent markers, is not absolutely specific for pluripotent stem cells, the identified chemical probe may be used in conjunction with other reagents
Defining an L2-disparity Measure to Check and Improve the Geometric Accuracy of Non-interpolating Curved High-order Meshes

We define an Full-size image L2-disparity measure between curved high-order meshes and parameterized manifolds in terms of an Full-size image L2 norm. The main application of the proposed definition is to measure and improve the distance between a curved high-order mesh and a target parameterized curve or surface. The approach allows considering meshes with the nodes on top of the curve or surface (interpolative), or floating freely in the physical space (non-interpolative). To compute the disparity measure, the average of the squared point-wise differences is minimized in terms of the nodal coordinates of an auxiliary parametric high-order mesh. To improve the accuracy of approximating the target manifold with a non-interpolating curved high-order mesh, we minimize the square of the disparity measure expressed both in terms of the nodal coordinates of the physical and parametric curved high-order meshes. The proposed objective functions are continuously differentiable and thus, we are able to use minimization algorithms that require the first or the second derivatives of the objective function. Finally, we present several examples that show that the proposed methodology generates high-order approximations of the target manifold with optimal convergence rates for the geometric accuracy even when non-uniform parameterizations of the manifolds are prescribed. Accordingly, we can generate coarse curved high-order meshes significantly more accurate than finer low-order meshes that feature the same resolution.This research was partially supported by CONACYT-SENER ("Fondo Sectorial CONACYT SENER HIDROCARBUROS", gran contract 163723). The work of the corresponding author was partially supported by the Boeing CO. & US Air Force Office of Scientific Research & European Comission through the Boeing-MIT Alliance & Computational Math Program & Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions (HiPerMeGaFlows project), respectively.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
GRB 050410 and GRB 050412: Are they really dark gamma-ray bursts?

Aims.We present a detailed analysis of the prompt and afterglow emission of GRB 050410 and GRB 050412 detected by Swift for which no optical counterpart was observed.\ud
Methods.We analysed data from the prompt emission detected by the Swift BAT and from the early phase of the afterglow obtained by the Swift narrow field instrument XRT.\ud
Results.The 15-150 keV energy distribution of the GRB 050410 prompt emission shows a peak energy at 53 -21+40 keV. The XRT light curve of this GRB decays as a power law with a slope of $\alpha=$ 1.06 $\pm$ 0.04. The spectrum is well reproduced by an absorbed power law with a spectral index $\Gamma_{\rm x}=2.4$ $\pm$ 0.4 and a low energy absorption $N_{\rm H}$ = 4 +3-2 $\times$ 1021 cm-2 which is higher than the Galactic value. The 15-150 keV prompt emission in GRB 050412 is modelled with a hard ($\Gamma$ = 0.7 $\pm$ 0.2) power law. The XRT light curve follows a broken power law with the first slope $\alpha_1$ = 0.7 $\pm$ 0.4, the break time  $T_{\rm break}$ = 254 -41+79 s and the second slope $\alpha_2$ = 2.8 -0.8+0.5. The spectrum is fitted by a power law with spectral index $\Gamma_{\rm x}=1.3$ $\pm$ 0.2 which is absorbed at low energies by the Galactic column.\ud
Conclusions.The GRB 050410 afterglow light curve reveals the expected characteristics of the third component of the canonical Swift light curve. Conversely, a complex phenomenology was detected in the GRB 050412 because of the presence of the very early break. The light curve in this case can be interpreted as being the last peak of the prompt emission. The two bursts present tight upper limits for the optical emission, however, neither of them can be clearly classified as dark. For GRB 050410, the suppression of the optical afterglow could be attributed to a low density interstellar medium surrounding the burst. For GRB 050412, the evaluation of the darkness is more difficult due to the ambiguity in the extrapolation of the X-ray afterglow light curve.Peer-reviewedPublisher Version4994
NADPH oxidase 4 over-expression is associated with epithelial ciliary dysfunction in neutrophilic asthma

BACKGROUND: Bronchial epithelial ciliary dysfunction is an important feature of asthma. We sought to determine the role in asthma of neutrophilic inflammation and NADPH oxidases in ciliary dysfunction. METHODS: Bronchial epithelial ciliary function was assessed by video-microscopy in fresh ex vivo epithelial strips from asthmatics stratified by their sputum cell differentials and in cultures from healthy controls and asthmatics. Bronchial epithelial oxidative damage was determined by 8-oxo-dG expression. NOX/DUOX expression was assessed in bronchial epithelial cells by microarrays, with NOX4, DUOX1/2 expression assessed in bronchial biopsies. Ciliary dysfunction following NADPH oxidase inhibition, using GKT137831, was evaluated in fresh epithelial strips from asthmatics and a murine model of ovalbumin sensitisation and challenge. RESULTS: Ciliary beat frequency was impaired in asthmatics with sputum neutrophilia (n=11) versus those without (n=10) (5.8 [0.6] versus 8.8 [0.5]Hz; P=0.003) and was correlated with sputum neutrophil count (r=-0.70; P<0.001). Primary bronchial epithelial cells expressed DUOX1/2 and NOX4. 8-oxo-dG and NOX4, were elevated in neutrophilic versus non-neutrophilic asthmatics, DUOX1 was elevated in both, and DUOX2 was elevated in non-neutrophilic asthma in vivo. In primary epithelial cultures ciliary dysfunction did not persist, although NOX4 expression and reactive oxygen species generation was increased from subjects with neutrophilic asthma. GKT137831 both improved ciliary function in ex vivo epithelial strips (n=13), relative to the intensity of neutrophilic inflammation, and abolished ciliary dysfunction in the murine asthma model without a reduction in inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: Ciliary dysfunction is increased in neutrophilic asthma associated with increased NOX4 expression and is attenuated by NADPH oxidase inhibition.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Reconstruction of changes in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum.

Marine and terrestrial geological and marine geophysical data that constrain deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) of the sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) draining into the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea have been collated and used as the basis for a set of time-slice reconstructions. The drainage basins in these sectors constitute a little more than one-quarter of the area of the WAIS, but account for about one-third of its surface accumulation. Their mass balance is becoming increasingly negative, and therefore they account for an even larger fraction of current WAIS discharge. If all of the ice in these sectors of the WAIS were discharged to the ocean, global sea level would rise by ca 2 m.\ud
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There is compelling evidence that grounding lines of palaeo-ice streams were at, or close to, the continental shelf edge along the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea margins during the last glacial period. However, the few cosmogenic surface exposure ages and ice core data available from the interior of West Antarctica indicate that ice surface elevations there have changed little since the LGM. In the few areas from which cosmogenic surface exposure ages have been determined near the margin of the ice sheet, they generally suggest that there has been a gradual decrease in ice surface elevation since pre-Holocene times. Radiocarbon dates from glacimarine and the earliest seasonally open marine sediments in continental shelf cores that have been interpreted as providing approximate ages for post-LGM grounding-line retreat indicate different trajectories of palaeo-ice stream recession in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea embayments. The areas were probably subject to similar oceanic, atmospheric and eustatic forcing, in which case the differences are probably largely a consequence of how topographic and geological factors have affected ice flow, and of topographic influences on snow accumulation and warm water inflow across the continental shelf.\ud
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Pauses in ice retreat are recorded where there are “bottle necks” in cross-shelf troughs in both embayments. The highest retreat rates presently constrained by radiocarbon dates from sediment cores are found where the grounding line retreated across deep basins on the inner shelf in the Amundsen Sea, which is consistent with the marine ice sheet instability hypothesis. Deglacial ages from the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) and Eltanin Bay (southern Bellingshausen Sea) indicate that the ice sheet had already retreated close to its modern limits by early Holocene time, which suggests that the rapid ice thinning, flow acceleration, and grounding line retreat observed in this sector over recent decades are unusual in the context of the past 10,000 years
Altered GABAA α5 subunit expression in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of hypertensive and pregnant rats.

A characteristic of both hypertension and pregnancy is increased sympathetic nerve activity. The level of sympathetic activation is determined, in part, by a tonic GABAergic inhibition arising from the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN). In hypertension, decreases in GABAergic inhibition and increases in glutamatergic excitation within the PVN contribute to this sympatho-excitation. In late-term pregnancy however, the sympatho-excitation appears to be mediated by decreases in GABAergic inhibition only. This study examined whether changes in subunit expression for GABAA receptors in the PVN could provide a molecular basis for the sympatho-excitation characteristic of hypertension and pregnancy. Hypertension and pregnancy were accompanied by significant decrease in the GABAA receptor α5 subunit in the PVN. We suggest that decreases in the α5 subunit of the GABAA receptor may be important in mediating the sympatho-excitation observed in both hypertension and pregnancy
Communication: transition state trajectory stability determines barrier crossing rates in chemical reactions induced by time-dependent oscillating fields

Copyright (2014) American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics. The following article appeared in Journal of Chemical Physics and may be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4891471When a chemical reaction is driven by an external field, the transition state that the system must pass through as it changes from reactant to product—for example, an energy barrier—becomes timedependent.\ud
We show that for periodic forcing the rate of barrier crossing can be determined through\ud
stability analysis of the non-autonomous transition state. Specifically, strong agreement is observed between the difference in the Floquet exponents describing stability of the transition state trajectory,\ud
which defines a recrossing-free dividing surface [G. T. Craven, T. Bartsch, and R. Hernandez,“Persistence of transition state structure in chemical reactions driven by fields oscillating in time,”Phys. Rev. E 89, 040801(R) (2014)], and the rates calculated by simulation of ensembles of trajectories.\ud
This result opens the possibility to extract rates directly from the intrinsic stability of the transition state, even when it is time-dependent, without requiring a numerically expensive simulation\ud
of the long-time dynamics of a large ensemble of trajectorie
HYM-flation: Yang-Mills cosmology with Horndeski coupling

We propose new mechanism for inflation using classical SU(2) Yang-Mills (YM)
homogeneous and isotropic field non-minimally coupled to gravity via Horndeski
prescription. This is the unique generally and gauge covariant ghost-free YM
theory with the curvature-dependent action leading to second-order gravity and
Yang-Mills field equations. We show that its solution space contains de Sitter
boundary to which the trajectories are attracted for some finite time, ensuring
the robust inflation with a graceful exit. The theory can be generalized to
include the Higgs field leading to two-steps inflationary scenario, in which
the Planck-scale YM-generated inflation naturally prepares the desired initial
conditions for the GUT-scale Higgs inflation.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
Analysis of the ${\frac{3}{2}}^{\pm}$ pentaquark states in the
  diquark-diquark-antiquark model with QCD sum rules

In this article, we construct the
axialvector-diquark-scalar-diquark-antiquark type and the
axialvector-diquark-axialvector-diquark-antiquark type interpolating currents,
and study the $J^P={\frac{3}{2}}^\pm$ hidden-charm pentaquark states with the
strangeness $S=0,\,-1,\,-2,\,-3$ systematically using the QCD sum rules. The
predicted masses of the pentaquark states
$P_{uud}^{10\frac{1}{2}}\left({\frac{3}{2}^-}\right)$,
$P_{uud}^{11\frac{1}{2}}\left({\frac{3}{2}^-}\right)$ and
$P_{uud}^{11\frac{3}{2}}\left({\frac{3}{2}^-}\right)$ are compatible with the
experimental value $M_{P_c(4380)}=4380\pm 8\pm 29\,\rm{MeV}$ from the LHCb
collaboration, more experimental data are still needed to identify the
$P_c(4380)$ unambiguously.Comment: 39 pages, 6 figure
Combination of searches for $WW$, $WZ$, and $ZZ$ resonances in $pp$
  collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV with the ATLAS detector

The ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider has performed searches
for new, heavy bosons decaying to $WW$, $WZ$ and $ZZ$ final states in multiple
decay channels using 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s} = 8$
TeV. In the current study, the results of these searches are combined to
provide a more stringent test of models predicting heavy resonances with
couplings to vector bosons. Direct searches for a charged diboson resonance
decaying to WZ in the $\ell\nu\ell'\ell'$ ($\ell = \mu, e$) , $\ell\ell q
\bar{q}$, $\ell \nu q \bar{q}$ and fully hadronic final states are combined and
upper limits on the rate of production times branching ratio to the $WZ$ bosons
are compared with predictions of an extended gauge model with a heavy $W'$
boson. In addition, direct searches for a neutral diboson resonance decaying to
$WW$ and $ZZ$ in the $\ell \ell q \bar{q}$, $\ell \nu q \bar{q}$, and fully
hadronic final states are combined and upper limits on the rate of production
times branching ratio to the $WW$ and $ZZ$ bosons are compared with predictions
for a heavy, spin-2 graviton in an extended Randall--Sundrum model where the
Standard Model fields are allowed to propagate in the bulk of the extra
dimension.Comment: 20 pages plus author list + cover pages (37 pages total), 4 figures,
  5 tables, submitted to PLB, All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2014-1
Search for high mass dilepton resonances in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

Çetin, Serkant Ali (Dogus Author)This Letter presents a search for high mass e+e- or μ+μ- resonances in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV at the LHC. The data were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2010 and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of ~40 pb-1. No statistically significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed in the search region of dilepton invariant mass above 110 GeV. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the cross section times branching ratio of Z' resonances decaying to dielectrons and dimuons as a function of the resonance mass. A lower mass limit of 1.048 TeV on the Sequential Standard Model Z' boson is derived, as well as mass limits on Z* and E6-motivated Z' models
The star formation rate cookbook at 1 < z < 3: Extinction-corrected relations for UV and [OII]λ3727 luminosities

International audienceAims. In this paper we use a well-controlled spectroscopic sample of galaxies at 1 <z< 3 drawn from the Galaxy Mass Assembly ultra-deep Spectroscopic Survey (GMASS) to study different star formation rate (SFR) estimators. In particular, we use infrared (IR) data to derive empirical calibrations to correct ultraviolet (UV) and [OII]λ3727 luminosities for dust extinction and dust-corrected estimates of SFR. Methods. We selected 286 star-forming galaxies with spectroscopic redshift 1 <z< 3. In order to have a homogeneous wavelength coverage in the spectra, the sample was divided into two sub-groups: galaxies at 1 <z< 1.6 whose spectra cover the rest-frame range ~2700−4300 Å, where the [OII]λ3727 emission line can be observed, and galaxies at 1.6 <z< 3 whose spectra cover the range ~1100−2800 Å. In the selection procedure we fully exploit the available spectroscopic information. In particular, on the basis of three continuum indices, we are able to identify and exclude from the sample galaxies in which old stellar populations might bring a non-negligible contribution to IR luminosity (LIR) and continuum reddening. Using Spitzer-MIPS and Herschel-PACS data we derive LIR for two-thirds of our sample. The LIR/LUV ratio is used as a probe of effective attenuation (AIRX) to search for correlations with continuum and spectroscopic features in order to derive empirical calibrations to correct UV and [OII]λ3727 luminosities for dust extinction.Results. Through the analyses of the correlations between different dust attenuation probes, a set of relations is provided that allows the recovery of the total unattenuated SFR for star-forming galaxies at 1 <z< 3 using UV and [OII]λ3727 luminosities. The relation between AIRX and UV continuum slope (β) was tested for our sample and found to be broadly consistent with the literature results at the same redshift, though with a larger dispersion with respect to UV-selected samples. We find a correlation between the rest-frame equivalent width of the [OII]λ3727 line and β, which is the main result of this work. We therefore propose the rest-frame equivalent width of the [OII]λ3727 line as a dust attenuation probe and calibrate it through AIRX, though the assumption of a reddening curve is still needed to derive the actual attenuation towards the [OII]λ3727 line (A[OII]). We tested the issue of differential attenuation towards stellar continuum and nebular emission: our results are in line with the traditional prescription of extra attenuation towards nebular lines. Finally, we use our set of cross-calibrated SFR estimates to look at the relation between SFR and stellar mass. The galaxies in our sample show a close linear relation (σ = 0.3 dex) at all redshifts with a slope ~0.7−0.8, which confirms several previous results
Topological susceptibility in full QCD with Ginsparg-Wilson fermions

We show that, if the formula for the topological charge density operator suggested by fermions obeying the Ginsparg-Wilson relation is employed, it is possible to give a precise and unambiguous definition of the topological susceptibility in full QCD, chi_tL, for finite quark masses on the lattice. The lattice expression of chi_tL looks like the formal continuum one, in the sense that no power divergent subtractions are needed for its proper definition. As a consequence, the small mass behaviour of chi_tL leads directly to a multiplicative renormalizable definition of the chiral condensate that does not require any power divergent subtraction