pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Structure-dependent mobility of a dry aqueous foam flowing along two parallel channels

Jones, S. A., Dollet, B., M?heust, Y., Cox, S. J., Cantat, I. (2013). Structure-dependent mobility of a dry aqueous foam flowing along two parallel channels. Physics of Fluids, 25 (6), [063101] Copyright 2013 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.The velocity of a two-dimensional aqueous foam has been measured as it flows through two parallel channels, at a constant overall volumetric flow rate. The flux distribution between the two channels is studied as a function of the ratio of their widths. A peculiar dependence of the velocity ratio on the width ratio is observed when the foam structure in the narrower channel is either single staircase or bamboo. In particular, discontinuities in the velocity ratios are observed at the transitions between double and single staircase and between single staircase and bamboo. A theoretical model accounting for the viscous dissipation at the solid wall and the capillary pressure across a film pinned at the channel outlet predicts the observed non-monotonic evolution of the velocity ratio as a function of the width ratio. It also predicts quantitatively the intermittent temporal evolution of the velocity in the narrower channel when it is so narrow that film pinning at its outlet repeatedly brings the flow to a near stop.publishersversionPeer reviewe
The effect of energy consumption on countries’ economic efficiency: a conditional robust non parametric approach

This paper investigates the effect of energy consumption on countries’ economic efficiency. By using a sample of 18 EU countries for three census years (1980, 1990 and 2000) the paper employs conditional and unconditional robust nonparametric frontiers in order to establish such a relationship. By using probabilistic approaches it conditions the effect of energy consumption on the obtained countries’ economic efficiencies. With the use of nonparametric regressions the paper calculates the effect of energy consumption. The results reveal that lower levels of energy consumption increase countries’ economic efficiencies to a point where the effect of energy consumption on countries’ economic efficiency is neutral.
Science and technology parks and cooperation for innovation: Empirical evidence from Spain

Science and Technology Parks (STPs) are one of the most important regional innovation policy initiatives. Previous studies show that location in a Park promotes cooperation for innovation but have not investigated if they help to achieve better results from cooperation. We extend previous literature by analyzing how STPs influence the results of cooperation of Park firms and how this influence is channelled. We rely on a much larger sample of firms and STPs than previous studies and account for selection bias and endogeneity when these problems arise. Results show that location in a STP increases the likelihood of cooperation for innovation and the intangible results from cooperation with the main innovation partner, mainly due to the higher diversity of the relationship.
A live test of automated facies prediction at wells for CO(2) storage projects

At least 900 m of image log data have been interpreted in detail through the Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic succession intersected at two purpose-drilled injection wells of the CO2CRC Otway Project. Interpretations have been calibrated against core observations where possible. Natural clusters for the combined signature of a common suite of coincident well log data were determined using an unsupervised Naive Bayesian classification algorithm called Autoclass. A deterministic relationship between these modelled clusters and interpreted image log facies provides a two-step facies prediction algorithm that can be applied using well log data acquired at other wells intersecting sedimentary successions prospective for CO2 storage. Earlier this year the Division of Resources & Energy, Department of Trade & Investment, of the Australian state of New South Wales drilled a new stratigraphic test well within the Pondie Range Trough of the Darling Basin. The new well, Mena Murtee-1, was drilled close to a 2D seismic tie line linking the Pondie Range Trough depocenter with an old petroleum exploration well, Pondie Range-1, that is sited on a flanking high. Analyses and interpretation of data acquired at Mena Murtee-1 is the latest step in reducing the uncertainty surrounding CO2 storage potential within the Darling Basin. Interpretation of core and image log data acquired at the new well has provided a means by which to test facies predictions made on the basis of the models developed within the Otway Basin.Mark Bunc
Young and Unlicensed: Risky Driving Before Entering  the Licensing System

Objective: On-road driving before gaining a valid license (prelicense driving) represents a risk for all road users. Prelicense driving among young people who obtained a provisional license within an enhanced graduated driver licensing program in Queensland, Australia, was investigated. Methods: Recently licensed drivers (n = 1032) aged 17 to 19 years (M = 17.54) completed a survey exploring their driving experiences while on their learner's license. Six months later, 355 of these drivers completed the same survey exploring their experiences on their provisional (intermediate) license. Results: Twelve percent of participants reported prelicense driving. Prelicense drivers reported significantly more risky driving as learners and provisional drivers. Conclusions: Prelicense drivers not only place themselves and other road users at risk at the time but also continue to do so through their subsequent risky driving. Prelicense driving should be discouraged, and parents should be encouraged to monitor car use and the driving behavior of their children.Full Tex
New measures for estimating surface complementarity and packing at protein-protein interfaces

A number of methods exist that use different approaches to assess   geometric properties like the surface complementarity and atom packing at the protein-protein interface. We have developed two new and conceptually different measures using the Delaunay tessellation and interface slice selection to compute the surface complementarity and atom packing at the protein-protein interface in a straightforward manner. Our measures show a strong correlation among themselves and with other existing measures, and can be calculated in a highly time-efficient manner. The measures are discriminative for evaluating biological, as well as non-biological protein-protein contacts, especially from large protein complexes and large-scale structural studies(http://pallab.serc. iisc.ernet.in/nip_nsc). (C) 201 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved
Measurements of the charm jet cross section and nuclear modification factor in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV

The CMS Collaboration presents the first measurement of the differential cross section of jets from charm quarks produced in proton-lead (pPb) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV, as well as results from charm quark jets in proton-proton (pp) collisions at sqrt(s) = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV. By comparing the yields of the pPb and pp collision systems at the same energy, a nuclear modification factor for charm jets from 55 to 400 GeV/c in pPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV of R[pA] = 0.92 +/- 0.07 (stat) +/- 0.11 (syst) is obtained. This is consistent with an absence of final-state energy loss for charm quarks in pPb collisions. In addition, the fraction of jets coming from charm quarks is found to be consistent with that predicted by PYTHIA 6 for pp collisions at sqrt(s)= 2.76 and 5.02 TeV, and is independent of the jet transverse momentum from 55 to 400 GeV/c
Measurements of tt-bar cross sections in association with b jets and inclusive jets and their ratio using dilepton final states in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

The cross sections for the production of tt-bar bb-bar and tt-bar jj events and their ratio sigma[tt-bar bb-bar]/sigma[tt-bar jj] are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3 inverse femtobarns collected in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with two leptons (e or mu) and at least four reconstructed jets, including at least two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected. In the full phase space, the measured ratio is 0.022 +/- 0.003 (stat) +/- 0.006 (syst), the cross section sigma[tt-bar bb-bar] is 4.0 +/- 0.6 (stat) +/- 1.3 (syst) pb and sigma[tt-bar jj] is 184 +/- 6 (stat) +/- 33 (syst) pb. The measurements are compared with the standard model expectations obtained from a POWHEG simulation at next-to-leading-order interfaced with PYTHIA
Measurement of the cross-section for producing a W boson in association with a single top quark in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with ATLAS

The inclusive cross-section for the associated production of a W boson and top quark is measured using data from proton-proton collisions at s√=13 TeV. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.2 fb−1, and was collected in 2015 by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Events are selected requiring two opposite sign isolated leptons and at least one jet; they are separated into signal and control regions based on their jet multiplicity and the number of jets that are identified as containing b hadrons. The W t signal is then separated from the tt¯ background using boosted decision tree discriminants in two regions. The cross-section is extracted by fitting templates to the data distributions, and is measured to be σ W t  = 94 ± 10(stat.) − 22 + 28 (syst.) ± 2(lumi.) pb. The measured value is in good agreement with the SM prediction of σtheory = 71.7±1.8 (scale)± 3.4 (PDF) pb [1]
Anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity using human HepG2 cells and hepatotoxicity of 6-substituted methyl 3-aminothieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2- carboxylate derivatives: In vitro evaluation, cell cycle analysis and QSAR studies

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly complex cancer, resistant to commonly used treatments and new therapeutic agents are urgently needed. A total of thirty-two thieno[3,2-b]pyridine derivatives of two series: methyl 3-amino- -(hetero)arylthieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylates (1ae1t) and methyl
3-amino-6-[(hetero)arylethynyl]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylates (2ae2n), previously prepared by
some of us, were evaluated as new potential anti-HCC agents by studying their in vitro cell growth
inhibition on human HepG2 cells and hepatotoxicity using a porcine liver primary cell culture (PLP1). The
presence of amino groups linked to a benzene moiety emerges as the key element for the anti-HCC
activity. The methyl 3-amino-6-[(3-aminophenyl)ethynyl]thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-2-carboxylate (2f) is
the most potent compound presenting GI50 values on HepG2 cells of 1.2 mM compared to 2.9 mM of the
positive control ellipticine, with no observed hepatotoxicity (PLP1 GI50 > 125 mM against 3.3 mM of
ellipticine). Moreover this compound changes the cell cycle profile of the HepG2 cells, causing a decrease
in the % of cells in the S phase and a cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. QSAR studies were also performed
and the correlations obtained using molecular and 1D descriptors revealed the importance of the
presence of amino groups and hydrogen bond donors for anti-HCC activity, and hydrogen bond acceptors
for hepatotoxicity. The best correlations were obtained with 3D descriptors belonging to different
subcategories for anti-HCC activity and hepatotoxicity, respectively. These results point to different
molecular mechanisms of action of the compounds in anti-HCC activity and hepatotoxicity. This work
presents some promising thieno[3,2-b]pyridine derivatives for potential use in the therapy of HCC. These
compounds can also be used as scaffolds for further synthesis of more potent analogs.The authors are grateful to Foundation for Science and Technology
(FCT, Portugal) through the financial support of the research
centres and through the research project PTDC/QUIeQUI/111060/
2009 also financed by FEDER/COMPETE/QREN/EU. R.M.V. Abreu,
R.C. Calhelha, and Filomena Adega thank to FCT, POPH-QREN and
FSE for their SFRH/PROTEC/49450/2009 and SFRH/BPD/68344/2010
grants and researcher contract under “Programa Compromisso com
Ciência-2007”, respectively
Early-Life Stress Triggers Juvenile Zebra Finches to Switch Social Learning Strategies.

This is the final version of the article. Available from Elsevier (Cell Press) via the DOI in this record.Stress during early life can cause disease and cognitive impairment in humans and non-humans alike. However, stress and other environmental factors can also program developmental pathways. We investigate whether differential exposure to developmental stress can drive divergent social learning strategies between siblings. In many species, juveniles acquire essential foraging skills by copying others: they can copy peers (horizontal social learning), learn from their parents (vertical social learning), or learn from other adults (oblique social learning). However, whether juveniles' learning strategies are condition dependent largely remains a mystery. We found that juvenile zebra finches living in flocks socially learned novel foraging skills exclusively from adults. By experimentally manipulating developmental stress, we further show that social learning targets are phenotypically plastic. While control juveniles learned foraging skills from their parents, their siblings, exposed as nestlings to experimentally elevated stress hormone levels, learned exclusively from unrelated adults. Thus, early-life conditions triggered individuals to switch strategies from vertical to oblique social learning. This switch could arise from stress-induced differences in developmental rate, cognitive and physical state, or the use of stress as an environmental cue. Acquisition of alternative social learning strategies may impact juveniles' fit to their environment and ultimately change their developmental trajectories.We thank Ben Sheldon, Kevin Laland, Will Hoppitt, Lucy Aplin, Bram Kuijper, and Willem Frankenhuis for their constructive feedback, James Sturdy for his help scoring the videos, and Roland Stump for his help setting up the PIT/RFID system. D.R.F. was funded by grants from the NSF (NSF-IOS1250895) to Margaret Crofoot and BBSRC (BB/L006081/1) to Ben Sheldon, K.A.S. was funded by a BBSRC David Phillips Research Fellowship, and N.J.B. was funded by a Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) Rubicon grant
Throwing Caution to the Wind: Callous-Unemotional Traits and Risk Taking in Adolescents

Developmental research suggests that adolescents may be highly influenced by their peers to take risks. Although youths with callous-unemotional (CU) traits engage in high-risk behaviors in the form of antisocial behavior and aggression, little is known about their decision making, particularly when their peers are present. Youths high on CU traits may be most susceptible to influence, especially when rewards are involved, or they may be highly rational relative to their low CU peers and less susceptible to social peer pressures. The present study used a gambling task with 675 youths (female n = 348), ages 16 to 20 years (M = 16.9, SD = .8). The majority were White British (64%). We experimentally manipulated whether youths made decisions in groups with peers or individually. All members of the group reported on their CU traits. Using multilevel modeling to control for group-level effects, youths with higher levels of CU traits were found to be less sensitive to accruing rewards on the gambling task than youths low on these traits. When in groups, male participants with higher levels of CU traits made quicker decisions to take risks than male participants lower on CU traits, particularly after punishment. Youths with CU traits are distinct in showing a lack of emotion and this may facilitate heightened rationality in responding to rewards. However, results suggest that male adolescents who are high on CU traits may react to the possible frustration of losing by attempting to gain back rewards quickly when their peers are watching.Full Tex
APPLICATIONS:  Financial risk and financial Risk Management Technology (RMT):  Issues and advances

Methods for sound risk management are of increasing
interest among Wall Street investment banking and brokerage
firms in the aftermath of the October 1987 crash of the stock
market. As the knowledge of advanced technology applications
in risk management increases, financial firms are finding
innovative ways to use them practically, in order to insulate
themselves. The recent development in models, the software
and hardware, and the market data to track risk are all
considered advances in Risk Management Technology (RMT). -.
These advances have affected all three stages of risk management: the identification, the measurement, and the formulation of strategies to control financial risk. This article discusses
the advances made in five areas of RMT: communication
software, object-oriented programming, parallel processing, neural nets and artificial intelligence. Systems based on any of these areas may be used to add value to the business of
a firm. A business value linkage analysis shows how the utility
of advanced systems can be measured to justify their costs.Information Systems Working Papers Serie
Autistic traits modulate mimicry of social but not nonsocial rewards

Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) are associated with diminished responsiveness to social stimuli, and especially to social rewards such as smiles. Atypical responsiveness to social rewards, which reinforce socially appropriate behavior in children, can potentially lead to a cascade of deficits in social behavior. Individuals with ASC often show diminished spontaneous mimicry of social stimuli in a natural setting. In the general population, mimicry is modulated both by the reward value and the sociality of the stimulus (i.e., whether the stimulus is perceived to belong to a conspecific or an inanimate object). Since empathy and autistic traits are distributed continuously in the general population, this study aimed to test if and how these traits modulated automatic mimicry of rewarded social and nonsocial stimuli. High and low rewards were associated with human and robot hands using a conditioned learning paradigm. Thirty-six participants from the general population then completed a mimicry task involving performing a prespecified hand movement which was either compatible or incompatible with a hand movement presented to the participant. High autistic traits (measured using the Autism Spectrum Quotient, AQ) predicted lesser mimicry of high-reward than low-reward conditioned human hands, whereas trait empathy showed an opposite pattern of correlations. No such relations were observed for high-reward vs. low-reward conditioned robot hands. These results demonstrate how autistic traits and empathy modulate the effects of reward on mimicry of social compared to nonsocial stimuli. This evidence suggests a potential role for the reward system in underlying the atypical social behavior in individuals with ASC, who constitute the extreme end of the spectrum of autistic traits
Genetic variation near IRS1 associates with reduced adiposity and an impaired metabolic profile.

Genome-wide association studies have identified 32 loci influencing body mass index, but this measure does not distinguish lean from fat mass. To identify adiposity loci, we meta-analyzed associations between ∼2.5 million SNPs and body fat percentage from 36,626 individuals and followed up the 14 most significant (P &lt; 10(-6)) independent loci in 39,576 individuals. We confirmed a previously established adiposity locus in FTO (P = 3 × 10(-26)) and identified two new loci associated with body fat percentage, one near IRS1 (P = 4 × 10(-11)) and one near SPRY2 (P = 3 × 10(-8)). Both loci contain genes with potential links to adipocyte physiology. Notably, the body-fat-decreasing allele near IRS1 is associated with decreased IRS1 expression and with an impaired metabolic profile, including an increased visceral to subcutaneous fat ratio, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, risk of diabetes and coronary artery disease and decreased adiponectin levels. Our findings provide new insights into adiposity and insulin resistance
Probing quantum gravity using photons from a flare of the active
  galactic nucleus Markarian 501 observed by the MAGIC telescope

We analyze the timing of photons observed by the MAGIC telescope during a
flare of the active galactic nucleus Mkn 501 for a possible correlation with
energy, as suggested by some models of quantum gravity (QG), which predict a
vacuum refractive index \simeq 1 + (E/M_{QGn})^n, n = 1,2. Parametrizing the
delay between gamma-rays of different energies as \Delta t =\pm\tau_l E or
\Delta t =\pm\tau_q E^2, we find \tau_l=(0.030\pm0.012) s/GeV at the 2.5-sigma
level, and \tau_q=(3.71\pm2.57)x10^{-6} s/GeV^2, respectively. We use these
results to establish lower limits M_{QG1} > 0.21x10^{18} GeV and M_{QG2} >
0.26x10^{11} GeV at the 95% C.L. Monte Carlo studies confirm the MAGIC
sensitivity to propagation effects at these levels. Thermal plasma effects in
the source are negligible, but we cannot exclude the importance of some other
source effect.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, Phys. Lett. B, reflects published versio
Leadership and branding in business schools:A Bourdieusian analysis

This paper explores the growth of corporate branding in higher education (HE) and its use by academic and professional managers as a mechanism for not only enhancing institutional reputation but also for facilitating internal culture change. It uses Bourdieu's framework of field, capital and habitus to analyse case studies of branding in two English business schools from the perspectives of academics, management and professional staff and students. The findings reveal a number of tensions and inconsistencies between the experiences of these groups that highlight the contested nature of branding in HE. In an era of rankings, metrics and student fees, it is suggested that branding has become an important means through which HE leaders and managers (re)negotiate the perceived value of different forms of capital and their relative positions within the field. Whilst branding operates at a largely ideological level it has a material effect on the allocation of power and resources within institutions. This is an important development in a sector that has typically privileged scientific capital and contributes towards an understanding of the ways in which leadership is 'distributed' within universities
The connection between computability of a nonlinear problem and its linearization: the Hartman-Grobman theorem revisited

As one of the seven open problems in the addendum to their 1989 book Computability in Analysis and Physics Pour-El and Richards (1989)[17], Pour-El and Richards asked, "What is the connection between the computability of the original nonlinear operator and the linear operator which results from it?" Yet at present, systematic studies of the issues raised by this question seem to be missing from the literature. In this paper, we study one problem in this direction: the Hartman-Grobman linearization theorem for ordinary differential equations (ODEs). We prove, roughly speaking, that near a hyperbolic equilibrium point x(0) of a nonlinear ODE (x) over dot = f(x), there is a computable homeomorphism H such that H circle phi = L circle H, where phi is the solution to the ODE and L is the solution to its linearization (x) over dot = Df (x(0)) x. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia; EU FEDER POCTI/POCI via SQIG - Instituto de Telecomunicacoes through the FCT [PEst-OE/EEI/LA0008/2011