pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for the $a_0(980)-f_0(980)$ mixing in weak decays of $D_s/B_s$
  mesons

Scalar mesons $a^0_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ can mix with each other through
isospin violating effects, and the mixing intensity has been predicted at the
percent level in various theoretical models. However the mixing has not been
firmed established on the experimental side to date. In this work we explore
the possibility to extract the $a_0-f_0$ mixing intensity using weak decays of
heavy mesons: $D_s\to [\pi^0\eta, \pi\pi] e^+\nu$, $B_s\to [\pi^0\eta,
\pi\pi]\ell^+\ell^-$ and the $B_s\to J/\psi [\pi^0\eta,\pi^+\pi^-]$ decays.
Based on the large amount of data accumulated by various experimental
facilities including BEPC-II, LHC, Super KEKB and the future colliders, we find
that the $a_0-f_0$ mixing intensity might be determined to a high precision,
which will lead to a better understanding of the nature of scalar mesons.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure
Economic Determinants and Consequences of Political Institutions

This thesis is comprised of four empirical essays on the economic
determinants and consequences of political institutions. It opens with a broad perspective on the link between the state throughout history and the past and current
economic performance of nations. The rest of the chapters focus on a particular form of
institutional failure -  "endemic corruption" -  with illustrations of its harmful impact on
key development areas: human capital formation and democracy. More specifically,
chapters two and three identify causal links between public sector wages, monitoring and incentives and corruption in education. The final chapter examines the clientelistic structure of electoral politics showing that local politicians in can influence national
elections by vote buying and electoral fraud
Observation of a peaking structure in the J/ψϕ mass spectrum from B±→J/ψϕK± decays

A peaking structure in the J/ψϕ mass spectrum near threshold is observed in B±→J/ψϕK± decays, produced in pp collisions at View the MathML source collected with the CMS detector at the LHC. The data sample, selected on the basis of the dimuon decay mode of the J/ψ, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 fb−1. Fitting the structure to an S -wave relativistic Breit– Wigner lineshape above a three-body phase-space nonresonant component gives a signal statistical significance exceeding five standard deviations. The fitted mass and width values are View the MathML source and View the MathML source, respectively. Evidence for an additional peaking structure at higher J/ψϕ mass is also reported
Dynamic thermal performance of a PCM window system:characterization using large scale measurements

Introdution of more dynamic building envelope components have been done throughout the last decades in order to try to increase indoor thermal comfort and reduce energy need in buildings for both temperature and light control. One of these promising technologies is phase change materials (PCM), where, the latent heat storage potential of the transition between solid and liquid state of a material is utilized as thermal mass. A PCM layer incorporated in a transparent component can increase the possibilities to harvest energy from solar radiation by reducing the heating/cooling demand and still allowing the utilization of daylight. The introduction of dynamic components in the building envelope makes the characterization of conventional static performance indices insufficient in giving a clear picture of the performance of the component in question.

Measurements have been performed on a state-of-the-art window that integrates PCM using a large scale climate simulator. The glazing unit consists of a four-pane glazing with an integrated layer that dynamically controls the solar transmittance (prismatic glass) in the outer glazing cavity. The innermost cavity is filled with a phase change material.

This article presents and assesses the series of measurements and the related methodologies with the aim of investigating the thermal behavior and thermal mass activation of the PCM-filled window. The experiments have been carried out using several static and dynamic test cycles comprised of temperature and solar radiation cycling. A conventional double-pane window has also been experimental investigated using the same test cycles for reference purpose.

It was found that even for temperatures similar to a warm day in Nordic climate, the potential latent heat storage capacity of the PCM was fully activated, but relatively long periods of sun combined with high exterior temperatures are needed.

Keywords: window; 
façade; 
phase change material; 
experimental; 
measurement; 
dynamic; 
climate simulator© 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
Stability Hierarchy between Piracetam Forms I, II, and III from Experimental Pressure-Temperature Diagrams and Topological Inferences

International audienceThe trimorphism of the active pharmaceutical ingredient piracetam is a famous case of polymorphism that has been frequently revisited by many researchers. The phase relationships between forms I, II, and III were ambiguous because they seemed to depend on the heating rate of the DSC and on the history of the samples or they have not been observed at all (equilibrium II-III). In the present paper, piezo-thermal analysis and high-pressure differential thermal analysis have been used to elucidate the positions of the different solid-solid and solid-liquid equilibria. The phase diagram, involving the three solid phases, the liquid phase and the vapor phase, has been constructed. It has been shown that form III is the high-pressure, low-temperature form and the stable form at room temperature. Form II is stable under intermediary conditions and form I is the low pressure, high temperature form, which possesses a stable melting point. The present paper demonstrates the strength of the topological approach based on the Clapeyron equation and the alternation rule when combined with high-pressure measurement
Dust SEDs in the era of Herschel and Planck: a Hierarchical Bayesian
  fitting technique

We present a hierarchical Bayesian method for fitting infrared spectral
energy distributions (SEDs) of dust emission to observed fluxes. Under the
standard assumption of optically thin single temperature (T) sources the dust
SED as represented by a power--law modified black body is subject to a strong
degeneracy between T and the spectral index beta. The traditional
non-hierarchical approaches, typically based on chi-square minimization, are
severely limited by this degeneracy, as it produces an artificial
anti-correlation between T and beta even with modest levels of observational
noise. The hierarchical Bayesian method rigorously and self-consistently treats
measurement uncertainties, including calibration and noise, resulting in more
precise SED fits. As a result, the Bayesian fits do not produce any spurious
anti-correlations between the SED parameters due to measurement uncertainty. We
demonstrate that the Bayesian method is substantially more accurate than the
chi-square fit in recovering the SED parameters, as well as the correlations
between them. As an illustration, we apply our method to Herschel and sub
millimeter ground-based observations of the star-forming Bok globule CB244.
This source is a small, nearby molecular cloud containing a single low-mass
protostar and a starless core. We find that T and beta are weakly positively
correlated -- in contradiction with the chi-square fits, which indicate a
T-beta anti-correlation from the same data-set. Additionally, in comparison to
the chi-square fits the Bayesian SED parameter estimates exhibit a reduced
range in values.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, ApJ format, revised version matches ApJ-accepted
  versio
CO 2 Migration Monitoring Methodology in the Shallow Subsurface: Lessons Learned From the CO 2 FIELDLAB Project

International audienceA CO 2 migration field laboratory for testing of monitoring methods has been established in the glaciofluvial-glaciomarine Holocene deposits of the Svelvik ridge, near Oslo. A shallow CO 2 injection experiment was conducted in September 2011 in which approximately 1700 kg of CO 2 was injected at 18 m depth below surface. The objectives of this experiment were to (i) detect and, where possible, quantify migrated CO 2 concentrations, (ii) evaluate the sensitivity of the monitoring tools and (iii) study the impact of the vadose zone on measurements. This paper describes the injection, discusses the joint interpretation of the results and suggests some recommendations for further work
Fruiting body, spores and in vitro produced mycelium of ganoderma lucidum from northeast Portugal : a comparative study of the antioxidant potential of phenolic and polysaccharidic extracts

Ganoderma lucidum is one of the most extensively studied mushrooms due to its medicinal properties. Herein, a systematic study was carried out in order to compare the antioxidant activity of phenolic and polysaccharidic extracts from fruiting body, spores and mycelium, obtained in three different culture media, of G. lucidum from Northeast Portugal. Phenolic extracts were characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to photodiode array detection, while polysaccharidic extracts were hydrolysed and further characterized using HPLC and refraction index detection. In general, the phenolic extracts (Ph) proved to have higher antioxidant potential than their corresponding polysaccharidic extracts (Ps). Amongst phenolic extracts, FB-Ph provided the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 ≤ 0.6 mg/ml) and the highest content in total phenolics (~29 mg GAE/g extract) and phenolic acids (p-hydroxybenzoic and p-coumaric acids). S-Ps was the polysaccharidic extract with the best antioxidant activity (EC50 ≤ 2 mg/ml); nevertheless, the highest levels of total phenolics were obtained in FB-PS (~56 mg GAE/g extract), while the highest levels of total polysaccharides (~14 mg PE/g extract) and individual sugars were observed in mycelia obtained from solid culture media, M-PDA-Ps and M-sMMN-Ps. The free radical scavenging properties, reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition of G. lucidum seemed to be correlated with phenolic compounds mostly in a free form, but also linked to polysaccharides.The authors are grateful to Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) and COMPETE/QREN/UE (research project PTDC/AGR-ALI/110062/2009) for financial support. S.A. Heleno (BD/70304/2010) and L. Barros (BPD/4609/2008) thank to FCT, POPH-QREN and FSE for their grants. The GIP-USAL is financially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación through the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme (FUN-C-FOOD, CSD2007-00063), and Junta de Castilla y León (Grupo de Investigación de Excelencia, GR133)
Dextran sulphate and ficcol fail as macromolecular crowders to enhance extracellular matrix deposition

Publicado em "Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine", vol. 7, supp. 1 (2013)The development of strategies based on the use of scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine(TERM) has been hindered by the inability of researchers to present solutions to overcome problems mainly related with the biocompatibility of materials andin vivoperfusion of the 3D structures. It is in this context that scaffold-free methodologies are being presented as increasingly attractive strategies for TERM. Scaffold-free approaches in general rely on the production of<br>extracellular matrix(ECM) by the cells of interest. However, the creation of an ECM robust enough for use in TERM is many times a challenge. Therefore, there is an important need to develop protocols that boost cell’s ability to produce ECM. One way to achieve this is to expose cells to an environment crowded with adequate macromolecules in order to mimic the physiological cellular milieu. Dextran sulphate(DxS) and Ficoll(Fc) have been suggested as compounds capable of increasing ECM deposition. The involved mechanism is closely related to the  increase in enzyme-mediated collagen deposition. In the present work, we hypothesized that the use of DxS or of a combination of Fc of different molecular weights (Fc70/Fc400) as crowders in culture medium could increase the robustness of the ECM produced by humanfibroblasts(hFb) or human adipose-derived Stem Cells(hASCs). 5x10<sup>4 </sup>hFb or hASC were seeded on wells of 24 and 48 well plates, and cultured for 24 h in a-MEM supplemented wih10% FBS and 1% antibiotics. After thefirst 24 h, the medium was replaced by fresh medium supplemented with 1% FBS and a)50lg/mL of Ascorbic Acid, b)50lg/mL of Dextran Sulphate, or c)37.5 mg/mL of Fc70+25 mg/mL of Fc400. Cells were cultured for further 2 and 5 days. dsDNA quantification showed that in both conditions b) and c), and independently of the cell type, cell proliferation was significantly reduced. ECM production was<br>evaluated by quantifying the deposited collagen using a semi-quantitative Sirius Red kit (Picrosirius, Chondrex, USA). Collagen quantification, normalized with dsDNA, demonstrated that for both cells types, the presence of either DxS or Fc70/Fc400 resulted in the decrease of ECM deposition. In conclusion, the use of DxS and Fc70/Fc under the conditions herein described failed to increase the ECM production by both hFb and hASCs
ALMA reveals a warm and compact starburst around a heavily obscured supermassive black hole at z=4.75

We report ALMA Cycle 0 observations at 1.3 mm of LESS J033229.4-275619 (XID403), an ultraluminous infrared galaxy at z = 4 . 75 in the Chandra Deep Field South hosting a Compton-thick QSO. The source is not resolved in our data at a resolution of similar to 0.75 arcsec, placing an upper-limit of 2.5 kpc to the half-light radius of the continuum emission from heated-dust. After deconvolving for the beam size, however, we found a similar to 3 sigma indication of an intrinsic source size of 0 . 27 +/- 0 . 08 arcsec (Gaussian FWHM), which would correspond to rhalf similar to 0 . 9 +/- 0 . 3 kpc. We build the far-infrared SED of XID403 by combining datapoints from both ALMA and Herschel and fit it with a modified blackbody spectrum. For the first time, we measure the dust temperature T-d = 58 . 5 +/- 5 . 3 K in this system, which is comparable to what has been observed in other high-z submillimeter galaxies. The measured star formation rate is SFR = 1020 +/- 150 M-circle dot yr(-1), in agreement with previous estimates at lower S/N. Based on the measured SFR and source size, we constrain the SFR surface density to be Sigma SFR > 26 M-circle dot yr(-1) kpc(-2) (similar to 200 M-circle dot yr(-1) kpc(-2) for r(half) similar to 0 . 9 kpc). The compactness of this starburst is comparable to what has been observed in other local and high-z starburst galaxies. If the gas mass measured from previous [CII] and CO(2-1) observations at low resolution is confined within the same dust region, assuming r(half) similar to 0 . 9 +/- 0 . 3 kpc, this would produce a column density of N-H similar to 0.3-1.1 x 10(24) cm(-2) towards the central SMBH, similar to the column density of approximate to 1.4 x 10(24) cm(-2) measured from the X-rays. Then, in principle, if both gas and dust were confined on sub-kpc scales, this would be sufficient to produce the observed X-ray column density without any need of a pc-scale absorber (e.g. the torus postulated by Unified Models). We speculate that the high compactness of star formation, together with the presence of a powerful AGN, likely produce an outflowing wind. This would be consistent with the similar to 350 km s(-1) velocity shift observed between the Ly alpha emission and the submm lines ([CII], CO(2-1), [NII]) and with the highly-ionized Fe emission line at similar to 6 .9 keV rest-frame tentatively observed in the X-ray spectrum. Finally, our observations show that, besides the mass, star formation rate and gas depletion timescale, XID403 has also the right size to be one of the progenitors of the compact quiescent massive galaxies seen at z similar to 3
Elliptic flow of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76TeV

The elliptic flow, v2, of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays at forward rapidity (2.5 <y <4) is measured in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The scalar product, two-and four-particle Qcumulants and Lee–Yang zeros methods are used. The dependence of the v2of muons from heavy-flavour hadron decays on the collision centrality, in the range 0–40%, and on transverse momentum, pT, is studied in the interval 3 <pT<10GeV/c. A positive v2is observed with the scalar product and two-particle Qcumulants in semi-central collisions (10–20% and 20–40% centrality classes) for the pTinterval from 3 to about 5GeV/cwith a significance larger than 3σ, based on the combination of statistical and systematic uncertainties. The v2magnitude tends to decrease towards more central collisions and with increasing pT. It becomes compatible with zero in the interval 6 <pT<10GeV/c. The results are compared to models describing the interaction of heavy quarks and open heavy-flavour hadrons with the high-density medium formed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
Search for new physics in events with photons, jets, and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at √s =7 TeV

Journal of High Energy Physics 2013.3 (2013): 111 reproduced by permission of Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA search for physics beyond the standard model involving events with one or more photons, jets, and missing transverse energy has been performed by the CMS experiment. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.93 fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at √s =7 TeV, produced at the Large Hadron Collider. No excess of events with large missing transverse energy is observed beyond expectations from standard model processes, and upper limits on the signal production cross sections for new physics processes are set at the 95% confidence level. The results of this search are interpreted in the context of three models of new physics: a general model of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking, Simplified Models, and a theory involving universal extra dimensions. In the absence of evidence for new physics, exclusion regions are derived in the parameter spaces of the respective model
Maternal affection and motivation for breastfeeding

Several studies by UNICEF, OMS and other childhood protection institutions have concluded that the breastfeeding is considered an important strategy for infantile survival. Thus, the motivation for breastfeeding is an important variable which should be considered, given that motivation is the agent propeller of all action. To identify whether maternal affection conditions the motivation for maternal breast feeding. Quantitative, transverse, descriptive-correlational and explanatory study, using a the nonprobabilistic convenience sample (N=235 women). Data is collected by a questionnaire, including the inventory of maternal affection (Mary & Muller, 1994, adapted by Garcia Galvão, 2000) and Motivation for breastfeeding Scale (Nelas et al., 2008). Most of the women have breastfeeding experience and they indicate as reasons for dissatisfaction with breastfeeding experiencing nipple pain. The women reveal positive maternal affection. The mothers with lower education reveal less maternal affection. More affection existed in the women who fell supported by counseling groups for breastfeeding. The women are motivated for breastfeeding and they reveal positive levels of maternal affection
Advanced functionality for radio analysis in the Offline software framework of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The advent of the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) necessitates the development of a powerful framework for the analysis of radio measurements of cosmic ray air showers. As AERA performs 'radio-hybrid' measurements of air shower radio emission in coincidence with the surface particle detectors and fluorescence telescopes of the Pierre Auger Observatory, the radio analysis functionality had to be incorporated in the existing hybrid analysis solutions for fluoresence and surface detector data. This goal has been achieved in a natural way by extending the existing Auger Offline software framework with radio functionality. In this article, we lay out the design, highlights and features of the radio extension implemented in the Auger Offline framework. Its functionality has achieved a high degree of sophistication and offers advanced features such as vectorial reconstruction of the electric field, advanced signal processing algorithms, a transparent and efficient handling of FFTs, a very detailed simulation of detector effects, and the read-in of multiple data formats including data from various radio simulation codes. The source code of this radio functionality can be made available to interested parties on request
Equilibration and Exchange of Fluorescently Labeled Molecules in Skeletal Muscle Fibers Studied Using Confocal Microscopy

Diffusion of molecules into skinned muscle fibers is often necessary when studying muscle contraction and its regulation. Usually, it is assumed that diffusion of molecules is fast also in the structured system of a muscle fiber, and that equilibration is reached within minutes or at most hours. One method to study not only equilibration, but also the time dependent distribution and the binding dynamics of fluorescently labeled molecules inside a muscle fiber is confocal laser fluorescence microscopy. Because of the principle of confocal imaging, one can obtain optical sections of a muscle fiber even under physiological conditions and with reasonable time and spatial resolution. In the present study, we used confocal microscopy to follow the equilibration of several fluorescently labeled substances in chemically skinned single muscle fibers of rabbit psoas. The investigation concerned mainly two questions: * What causes the equilibration time for molecules of the same size and type to be different from minutes to days? * Is the high affinity binding ofsome muscle-specific molecules readily reversible? Originally published Biophysical Journal, Vol. 68, No. 4 suppl, Apr 199
Accelerated front propagation for monostable equations with nonlocal
  diffusion: Multidimensional case

We describe acceleration of the front propagation for solutions to a class of
monostable nonlinear equations with a nonlocal diffusion in $\mathbb{R}^d$,
$d\geq1$. We show that the acceleration takes place if either the diffusion
kernel or the initial condition has 'regular' heavy tails in $\mathbb{R}^d$ (in
particular, decays slower than exponentially). Under general assumptions which
can be verified for particular models, we present sharp estimates for the
time-space zone which separates the region of convergence to the unstable zero
solution with the region of convergence to the stable positive constant
solution. We show the variety of different possible rates of the propagation
starting from a little bit faster than a linear one up to the exponential rate.
The paper generalizes to the case $d>1$ our results for the case $d=1$ obtained
early in https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036811.2017.1400537 .Comment: Part of results from the first version of the paper was separated off
  for arXiv:1704.0582