pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Integration of a Ca-looping system for CO2 capture in an existing power plant

AbstractThis work analyses a Ca-looping system that uses CaO as regenerable sorbent to capture CO2 from the flue gases generated in an existing supercritical power plant. The CO2 is captured by CaO in a CFB carbonator while coal oxycombustion provides the energy required to regenerate the sorbent. Part of the energy introduced into the calciner can be transferred to a new supercritical steam cycle to generate additional power. Two case studies based on a scenario of low solid circulation rate between reactors have been integrated with the new supercritical steam cycle. Efficiency penalties, mainly associated with the energy consumption of the ASU, CO2 compressor and auxiliaries, can be as low as 7.5 percentage points of net efficiency when working with low CaCO3 make-up flows and integrating the Ca-looping with a cement plant that makes use of the solid purge. 70% of the CO2 generated in the existing plant is captured under these conditions, with an overall CO2 capture in the process over 86%. Different scenarios with high circulation rates between reactors could be also proposed to achieve a determined CO2 capture efficiency. In this case the optimal thermal integration for the new scenarios should be evaluated as the energy availability in the process streams and the consumptions of the main equipments in the process would be different
Nuclear charge radii of potassium isotopes beyond N=28

AbstractWe report on the measurement of optical isotope shifts for 38, 39, 42, 44, 46–51K relative to 47K from which changes in the nuclear mean square charge radii across the N=28 shell closure are deduced. The investigation was carried out by bunched-beam collinear laser spectroscopy at the CERN-ISOLDE radioactive ion-beam facility. Mean square charge radii are now known from 37K to 51K, covering all νf7/2-shell as well as all νp3/2-shell nuclei. These measurements, in conjunction with those of Ca, Cr, Mn and Fe, provide a first insight into the Z dependence of the evolution of nuclear size above the shell closure at N=28
Observations of Bs0→ψ(2S)η and B(s)0→ψ(2S)π+π− decays

AbstractFirst observations of the Bs0→ψ(2S)η, B0→ψ(2S)π+π− and Bs0→ψ(2S)π+π− decays are made using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=7 TeV. The ratios of the branching fractions of each of the ψ(2S) modes with respect to the corresponding J/ψ decays areB(Bs0→ψ(2S)η)B(Bs0→J/ψη)=0.83±0.14(stat)±0.12(syst)±0.02(B),B(B0→ψ(2S)π+π−)B(B0→J/ψπ+π−)=0.56±0.07(stat)±0.05(syst)±0.01(B),B(Bs0→ψ(2S)π+π−)B(Bs0→J/ψπ+π−)=0.34±0.04(stat)±0.03(syst)±0.01(B), where the third uncertainty corresponds to the uncertainties of the dilepton branching fractions of the J/ψ and ψ(2S) meson decays
Search for first generation scalar leptoquarks in the eνjj channel in pp collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractA search for pair-production of first generation scalar leptoquarks is performed in the final state containing an electron, a neutrino, and at least two jets using proton–proton collision data at s=7 TeV. The data were collected by the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb−1. The number of observed events is in good agreement with the predictions for standard model processes. Prior CMS results in the dielectron channel are combined with this electron+neutrino search. A 95% confidence level combined lower limit is set on the mass of a first generation scalar leptoquark at 339 GeV for β=0.5, where β is the branching fraction of the leptoquark to an electron and a quark. These results represent the most stringent direct limits to date for values of β greater than 0.05
Pion structure function F2π in the valon model

AbstractPartonic structure of constituent quark (or valon) in the next-to-leading order is used to calculate pion structure function. This is a further demonstration of the finding that the constituent quark structure is universal, and once it is calculated, the structure of any hadron can be predicted thereafter, using a convolution method, without introducing any new free parameter. The results are compared with the pion structure function from ZEUS Collaboration leading neutron production in e+p collisions at HERA. We found good agreement with the experiment. A resolution for the issue of normalization of the experimental data is suggested. In addition, the proportionality of F2π and F2p, which have caused confusion in the normalization of ZEUS data is discussed and resolved
Static and dynamic modifications to photon absorption: The effects of surrounding chromophores

AbstractThis Letter investigates the influence, on the molecular absorption of light, of surrounding chromophores. Two novel rate contributions are identified – one vanishing for a medium with no static dipole moment. The other, dynamic term is used to model a system of primary absorbers and secondary chromophores distributed in a host medium. Further modification provides a basis for modelling a case where the medium is, itself, marginally absorptive, thus accounting for optical losses as the input propagates through the surrounding host. The results facilitate tailoring of secondary chromophore and host effects in the pursuit of materials with specific absorption features
First measurement of the helicity asymmetry E in η photoproduction on the proton

AbstractResults are presented for the first measurement of the double-polarization helicity asymmetry E for the η photoproduction reaction γp→ηp. Data were obtained using the FROzen Spin Target (FROST) with the CLAS spectrometer in Hall B at Jefferson Lab, covering a range of center-of-mass energy W from threshold to 2.15 GeV and a large range in center-of-mass polar angle. As an initial application of these data, the results have been incorporated into the Jülich–Bonn model to examine the case for the existence of a narrow N⁎ resonance between 1.66 and 1.70 GeV. The addition of these data to the world database results in marked changes in the predictions for the E observable from that model. Further comparison with several theoretical approaches indicates these data will significantly enhance our understanding of nucleon resonances
The Smc5/6 Complex Is an ATP-Dependent Intermolecular DNA Linker

SummaryThe structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) protein complexes cohesin and condensin and the Smc5/6 complex (Smc5/6) are crucial for chromosome dynamics and stability. All contain essential ATPase domains, and cohesin and condensin interact with chromosomes through topological entrapment of DNA. However, how Smc5/6 binds DNA and chromosomes has remained largely unknown. Here, we show that purified Smc5/6 binds DNA through a mechanism that requires ATP hydrolysis by the complex and circular DNA to be established. This also promotes topoisomerase 2-dependent catenation of plasmids, suggesting that Smc5/6 interconnects two DNA molecules using ATP-regulated topological entrapment of DNA, similar to cohesin. We also show that a complex containing an Smc6 mutant that is defective in ATP binding fails to interact with DNA and chromosomes and leads to cell death with concomitant accumulation of DNA damage when overexpressed. Taken together, these results indicate that Smc5/6 executes its cellular functions through ATP-regulated intermolecular DNA linking
Bornavirus Closely Associates and Segregates with Host Chromosomes to Ensure Persistent Intranuclear Infection

SummaryBornaviruses are nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses that establish a persistent infection in the nucleus and occasionally integrate a DNA genome copy into the host chromosomal DNA. However, how these viruses achieve intranuclear infection remains unclear. We show that Borna disease virus (BDV), a mammalian bornavirus, closely associates with the cellular chromosome to ensure intranuclear infection. BDV generates viral factories within the nucleus using host chromatin as a scaffold. In addition, the viral ribonucleoprotein (RNP) interacts directly with the host chromosome throughout the cell cycle, using core histones as a docking platform. HMGB1, a host chromatin-remodeling DNA architectural protein, is required to stabilize RNP on chromosomes and for efficient BDV RNA transcription in the nucleus. During metaphase, the association of RNP with mitotic chromosomes allows the viral RNA to segregate into daughter cells and ensure persistent infection. Thus, bornaviruses likely evolved a chromosome-dependent life cycle to achieve stable intranuclear infection
αs and |Vcs| determination, and CKM unitarity test, from W decays at NNLO

AbstractThe hadronic (ΓhadW) and total (ΓtotW) widths of the W boson, computed at least at next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) accuracy, are combined to derive a new precise prediction for the hadronic W branching ratio BhadW ≡ ΓhadW/ΓtotW=0.682±0.011par, using the experimental Cabibbo–Kobayashi–Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements, with uncertainties dominated by the input parameters of the calculations, or BhadW=0.6742±0.0002th±0.0001par assuming CKM unitarity. Comparing the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements for various W decay observables, the NNLO strong coupling constant at the Z pole, αs(mZ2)=0.117±0.042exp±0.004th±0.001par, as well as the charm-strange CKM element, |Vcs|=0.973±0.004exp±0.002par, can be extracted under different assumptions. We also show that W decays provide today the most precise test of CKM unitarity for the 5 quarks lighter than mW, ∑u,c,d,s,b|Vij|2=1.999±0.008exp±0.001th. Perspectives for αs and |Vcs| extractions from W decays measurements at the LHC and future e+e− colliders are presented
Sum rates of asynchronous GFDMA and SC-FDMA for 5G uplink

AbstractThe fifth generation (5G) of mobile communication envisions ultralow latency less than 1 ms for radio interface. To this end, frameless asynchronous multiple access may be needed to allow users to transmit instantly without waiting for the next frame start. In this paper, generalized frequency division multiple-access (GFDMA), one of the promising multiple-access candidates for 5G mobile, is compared with the conventional single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) in terms of the uplink sum rate when both techniques are adapted for the asynchronous scenario. In particular, a waveform windowing technique is applied to both schemes to mitigate the inter-user interference due to non-zero out-of-band emission
Trajectory of neutron–neutron–18C excited three-body state

AbstractThe trajectory of the first excited Efimov state is investigated by using a renormalized zero-range three-body model for a system with two bound and one virtual two-body subsystems. The approach is applied to n–n–18C, where the n–n virtual energy and the three-body ground state are kept fixed. It is shown that such three-body excited state goes from a bound to a virtual state when the n–18C binding energy is increased. Results obtained for the n–19C elastic cross-section at low energies also show dominance of an S-matrix pole corresponding to a bound or virtual Efimov state. It is also presented a brief discussion of these findings in the context of ultracold atom physics with tunable scattering lengths
Enterohaemorrhagic E. coli modulates an ARF6:Rab35 signaling axis to prevent recycling endosome maturation during infection

AbstractEnteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EPEC/EHEC) manipulate a plethora of host cell processes to establish infection of the gut mucosa. This manipulation is achieved via the injection of bacterial effector proteins into host cells using a Type III secretion system. We have previously reported that the conserved EHEC and EPEC effector EspG disrupts recycling endosome function, reducing cell surface levels of host receptors through accumulation of recycling cargo within the host cell. Here we report that EspG interacts specifically with the small GTPases ARF6 and Rab35 during infection. These interactions target EspG to endosomes and prevent Rab35-mediated recycling of cargo to the host cell surface. Furthermore, we show that EspG has no effect on Rab35-mediated uncoating of newly formed endosomes, and instead leads to the formation of enlarged EspG/TfR/Rab11 positive, EEA1/Clathrin negative stalled recycling structures. Thus, this paper provides a molecular framework to explain how EspG disrupts recycling whilst also reporting the first known simultaneous targeting of ARF6 and Rab35 by a bacterial pathogen
Bulk viscosity of dual fluid at finite cutoff surface via gravity/fluid correspondence in Einstein–Maxwell gravity

AbstractBased on the previous paper arXiv:1207.5309, we investigate the possibility to find out the bulk viscosity of dual fluid at the finite cutoff surface via gravity/fluid correspondence in Einstein–Maxwell gravity. We find that if we adopt new conditions to fix the undetermined parameters contained in the stress tensor and charged current of the dual fluid, two new terms appear in the stress tensor of the dual fluid. One new term is related to the bulk viscosity term, while the other can be related to the perturbation of energy density. In addition, since the parameters contained in the charged current are the same, the charged current is not changed
Geometrically Precise Building Blocks: the Self-Assembly of β-Peptides

SummaryPeptides comprised entirely of β-amino acids, or β-peptides, have attracted substantial interest over the past 25 years due to their unique structural and chemical characteristics. β-Peptides form well-defined secondary structures that exhibit different geometries compared with their α-peptide counterparts, giving rise to their foldamer classification. β-Peptide foldamers can be functionalized easily and are metabolically stable and, together with the predictable side-chain topography, have led to the design of a growing number of bioactive β-peptides with a range of biological targets. The strategic engineering of chemical and topographic properties has also led to the design of β-peptide mimics of higher-order oligomers. More recently, the ability of these peptides to self-assemble into complex structures of controlled geometries has been exploited in materials applications. The focus of this mini-review is on how the unique structural features of β-peptide assemblies have been exploited in the design of self-assembled proteomimetic bundles and nanomaterials
Genome-wide analyses of aggressiveness in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

Contains fulltext :
                  167832.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Aggressiveness is a behavioral trait that has the potential to be harmful to individuals and society. With an estimated heritability of about 40%, genetics is important in its development. We performed an exploratory genome-wide association (GWA) analysis of childhood aggressiveness in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to gain insight into the underlying biological processes associated with this trait. Our primary sample consisted of 1,060 adult ADHD patients (aADHD). To further explore the genetic architecture of childhood aggressiveness, we performed enrichment analyses of suggestive genome-wide associations observed in aADHD among GWA signals of dimensions of oppositionality (defiant/vindictive and irritable dimensions) in childhood ADHD (cADHD). No single polymorphism reached genome-wide significance (P < 5.00E-08). The strongest signal in aADHD was observed at rs10826548, within a long noncoding RNA gene (beta = -1.66, standard error (SE) = 0.34, P = 1.07E-06), closely followed by rs35974940 in the neurotrimin gene (beta = 3.23, SE = 0.67, P = 1.26E-06). The top GWA SNPs observed in aADHD showed significant enrichment of signals from both the defiant/vindictive dimension (Fisher's P-value = 2.28E-06) and the irritable dimension in cADHD (Fisher's P-value = 0.0061). In sum, our results identify a number of biologically interesting markers possibly underlying childhood aggressiveness and provide targets for further genetic exploration of aggressiveness across psychiatric disorders. (c) 2016 The Authors. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc
Echocardiographic findings associated with mortality ortransplant in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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                  172394.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)BACKGROUND: Identification of patients at risk of deterioration is essential to guide clinical management in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of well-investigated echocardiographic findings that are associated with clinical deterioration in PAH. METHODS: MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for longitudinal studies published by April 2015 that reported associations between echocardiographic findings and mortality, transplant or clinical worsening. Meta-analysis using random effect models was performed for echocardiographic findings investigated by four or more studies. In case of statistical heterogeneity a sensitivity analysis was conducted. RESULTS: Thirty-seven papers investigating 51 echocardiographic findings were included. Meta-analysis of univariable hazard ratios (HRs) and sensitivity analysis showed that presence of pericardial effusion (pooled HR 1.70; 95 % CI 1.44-1.99), right atrial area (pooled HR 1.71; 95 % CI 1.38-2.13) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE; pooled HR 1.72; 95 % CI 1.34-2.20) were the most well-investigated and robust predictors of mortality or transplant. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis substantiates the clinical yield of specific echocardiographic findings in the prognostication of PAH patients in day-to-day practice. In particular, pericardial effusion, right atrial area and TAPSE are of prognostic value
Measurement of the transverse momentum spectra of weak vector bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV

The transverse momentum spectra of weak vector bosons are measured in the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at s√=8 TeV, collected during a special low-luminosity running that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.4 ± 0.5 pb−1. The production of W bosons is studied in both electron and muon decay modes, while the production of Z bosons is studied using only the dimuon decay channel. The ratios of W− to W+ and Z to W differential cross sections are also measured. The measured differential cross sections and ratios are compared with theoretical predictions up to next-to-next leading order in QCD
Flavonoids: an overview

Flavonoids, a group of natural substances with variable phenolic structures, are found in fruits, vegetables, grains, bark, roots, stems, flowers, tea and wine.\ud
These natural products are well known for their beneficial effects on health and efforts are being made to isolate the ingredients so called flavonoids.\ud
Flavonoids are now considered as an indispensable component in a variety of nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, medicinal and cosmetic applications. This\ud
is attributed to their anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic properties coupled with their capacity to modulate key cellular\ud
enzyme function. Research on flavonoids received an added impulse with the discovery of the low cardiovascular mortality rate and also prevention of\ud
CHD. Information on the working mechanisms of flavonoids is still not understood properly. However, it has widely been known for centuries that derivatives\ud
of plant origin possess a broad spectrum of biological activity. Current trends of research and development activities on flavonoids relate to isolation,\ud
identification, characterisation and functions of flavonoids and finally their applications on health benefits. Molecular docking and knowledge of\ud
bioinformatics are also being used to predict potential applications and manufacturing by industry. In the present review, attempts have been made to\ud
discuss the current trends of research and development on flavonoids, working mechanisms of flavonoids, flavonoid functions and applications, prediction\ud
of flavonoids as potential drugs in preventing chronic diseases and future research directions
Measurement of prompt J/ψ pair production in pp collisions at s = 7 Tev

Production of prompt J/ψ meson pairs in proton-proton collisions at s = 7 TeV is measured with the CMS experiment at the LHC in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 4.7 fb-1. The two J/ψ mesons are fully reconstructed via their decays into μ +μ -pairs. This observation provides for the first time access to the high-transverse-momentum region of J/ψ pair production where model predictions are not yet established. The total and differential cross sections are measured in a phase space defined by the individual J/ψ transverse momentum (p T J/ψ) and rapidity (|y J/ψ|): |y J/ψ| < 1.2 for p T J/ψ> 6.5 GeV/c; 1.2 < |y J/ψ| < 1.43 for a p Tthreshold that scales linearly with |y J/ψ| from 6.5 to 4.5 GeV/c; and 1.43 < |y J/ψ| < 2.2 for p T J/ψ> 4.5 GeV/c. The total cross section, assuming unpolarized prompt J/ψ pair production is 1.49 ± 0.07 (stat) ±0.13 (syst) nb. Different assumptions about the J/ψ polarization imply modifications to the cross section ranging from -31% to +27%. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2014 The Author(s).The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the jets plus missing
  transverse momentum final state at $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for pair production of a scalar partner of the top quark in events
with four or more jets plus missing transverse momentum is presented. An
analysis of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$ of $\sqrt{s}$=13 TeV proton-proton collisions
collected using the ATLAS detector at the LHC yields no significant excess over
the expected Standard Model background. To interpret the results a simplified
supersymmetric model is used where the top squark is assumed to decay via
$\tilde{t}_1 \rightarrow t^{(*)} \tilde\chi^0_1$ and $\tilde{t}_1\rightarrow
b\tilde\chi^\pm_1 \rightarrow b W^{(*)} \tilde\chi^0_1$, where $\tilde\chi^0_1$
($\chi^\pm_1$) denotes the lightest neutralino (chargino). Exclusion limits are
placed in terms of the top-squark and neutralino masses. Assuming a branching
ratio of 100% to $t \tilde\chi^0_1$, top-squark masses in the range 450-950 GeV
are excluded for $\tilde\chi^0_1$ masses below 160 GeV. In the case where
$m_{\tilde{t}_1}\sim m_t+m_{\tilde\chi^0_1}$, top-squark masses in the range
235-590 GeV are excluded.Comment: 57 pages in total, author list starts on page 40, 12 figures, 14
  tables, submitted to JHEP, all figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2016-1