pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Reconstruction of changes in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet since the Last Glacial Maximum

Marine and terrestrial geological and marine geophysical data that constrain deglaciation since the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) of the sector of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) draining into the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea have been collated and used as the basis for a set of time-slice reconstructions. The drainage basins in these sectors constitute a little more than one-quarter of the area of the WAIS, but account for about one-third of its surface accumulation. Their mass balance is becoming increasingly negative, and therefore they account for an even larger fraction of current WAIS discharge. If all of the ice in these sectors of the WAIS were discharged to the ocean, global sea level would rise by ca 2 m.\ud
\ud
There is compelling evidence that grounding lines of palaeo-ice streams were at, or close to, the continental shelf edge along the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea margins during the last glacial period. However, the few cosmogenic surface exposure ages and ice core data available from the interior of West Antarctica indicate that ice surface elevations there have changed little since the LGM. In the few areas from which cosmogenic surface exposure ages have been determined near the margin of the ice sheet, they generally suggest that there has been a gradual decrease in ice surface elevation since pre-Holocene times. Radiocarbon dates from glacimarine and the earliest seasonally open marine sediments in continental shelf cores that have been interpreted as providing approximate ages for post-LGM grounding-line retreat indicate different trajectories of palaeo-ice stream recession in the Amundsen Sea and Bellingshausen Sea embayments. The areas were probably subject to similar oceanic, atmospheric and eustatic forcing, in which case the differences are probably largely a consequence of how topographic and geological factors have affected ice flow, and of topographic influences on snow accumulation and warm water inflow across the continental shelf.\ud
\ud
Pauses in ice retreat are recorded where there are “bottle necks” in cross-shelf troughs in both embayments. The highest retreat rates presently constrained by radiocarbon dates from sediment cores are found where the grounding line retreated across deep basins on the inner shelf in the Amundsen Sea, which is consistent with the marine ice sheet instability hypothesis. Deglacial ages from the Amundsen Sea Embayment (ASE) and Eltanin Bay (southern Bellingshausen Sea) indicate that the ice sheet had already retreated close to its modern limits by early Holocene time, which suggests that the rapid ice thinning, flow acceleration, and grounding line retreat observed in this sector over recent decades are unusual in the context of the past 10,000 years
The wear of PEEK in rolling???sliding contact :
                    Simulation of polymer gear applications

?? 2013 The Author(s). This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence CC BY 3.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/, which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The wear and friction in the pitch region of the centre of polymer gear teeth are not well understood. The transition around this point of the tooth between rolling and sliding has an important effect on the durability of polymer gear drives and can be simulated using a twin-disc configuration. This paper investigates the rolling-sliding wear behaviour of two poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) discs running against each other with a simplified method of analysing and understanding the dynamic response of high performance polymeric gear teeth. Tests were conducted without external lubrication over a range of loads and slip ratios, using a twin-disc test rig. The wear and friction mechanisms were closely related to surface morphology, with changes in crystallinity correlating with the severity of operating conditions. Observed failure mechanisms were also related to the structure of the contact surfaces, and included surface melting and contact fatigue. Overall the PEEK discs were capable of running at low slip ratios for both low and high loads. Their performance reduced with an increase of the slip ratio. The results presented can be used in conjunction with the design process to allow the PEEK to be engineered for a specific high performance gear contact conditions
An interactive 3D virtual environment to\ud
reduce the public speaking anxiety levels\ud
of novice software engineers

Software engineering is a set of activities that relies no only on technical tasks but also requires abilities focused on social\ud
duties such as daily meetings and product introduction presentations. However, engineers may experience elevated levels of\ud
anxiety when required to present their work in an unfamiliar environment. More specifically, they may suffer from public speaking\ud
anxiety even though they are supposed to be effective in those social tasks as well as in their engineering activities. Fortunately,\ud
previous studies suggest that virtual exposure therapy is an effective strategy to reduce public speaking anxiety. In this study, an\ud
interactive 3D virtual environment similar to real classrooms and auditoriums was developed to examine if this might decrease\ud
the anxiety levels of novice software engineers. To compare traditional and virtual exposure therapy, the sample set (N = 14)\ud
was divided equally into 2 groups including one experimental group and one control group. For 4 weeks, the virtual exposure\ud
therapy was conducted in the experimental group whereas psychoeducation was used in the control group. The findings from our\ud
study illustrate that virtual exposure therapy may be represent an alternative solution to the traditional therapeutic intervention for\ud
software engineers seeking to overcome public presentation anxiet
The Groebner basis of the ideal of vanishing polynomials

We construct an explicit minimal strong Groebner basis of the ideal of
vanishing polynomials in the polynomial ring over Z/m for m>=2. The proof is
done in a purely combinatorial way. It is a remarkable fact that the
constructed Groebner basis is independent of the monomial order and that the
set of leading terms of the constructed Groebner basis is unique, up to
multiplication by units. We also present a fast algorithm to compute reduced
normal forms, and furthermore, we give a recursive algorithm for building a
Groebner basis in Z/m[x_1,x_2,...,x_n] along the prime factorization of m. The
obtained results are not only of mathematical interest but have immediate
applications in formal verification of data paths for microelectronic
systems-on-chip.Comment: 15 pages, 1 table, 2 algorithms (corrected version with new Prop. 3.8
  and proof); Journal of Symbolic Computation 46 (2011
Earth rotation based on the celestial coordinates of the celestial intermediate pole - I. The dynamical equations

We present a study of the Earth's rotational motion in terms of the Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) of the new paradigm that is recommended by the IAU 2000 resolutions to transform between the celestial and terrestrial reference systems. This paper presents the first part of the study whose purpose is to establish the dynamical equations of the rotation of a rigid Earth as a function of these new parameters. Starting from Euler dynamical equations for a rigid Earth, and using expressions for the components of the instantaneous rotation vector as functions of the celestial coordinates X, Y of the Celestial intermediate pole (CIP) and of the Earth rotation angle (ERA), the equations of Earth rotation were obtained explicitly in terms of those parameters. Taking into account the order of magnitude of the terms of these equations, we obtain the most appropriate form of the equations for a practical integration. We then investigated the possible methods of integration for providing semi-analytical solutions for the X and Y variables in the axially symmetric case. We also perform a number of tests regarding the efficiency of these methods, based on the IAU 2000 precession-nutation. We extended this approach to a deformable Earth, based on integration constants compliant with the new P03 precession model
Crop manuring and intensive land management by Europe's first farmers

The spread of farming from western Asia to Europe had profound long-term social and ecological impacts, but identification of the specific nature of Neolithic land management practices and the dietary contribution of early crops has been problematic. Here, we present previously undescribed stable isotope determinations of charred cereals and pulses from 13 Neolithic sites across Europe (dating ca. 5900–2400 cal B.C.), which show that early farmers used livestock manure and water management to enhance crop yields. Intensive manuring inextricably linked plant cultivation and animal herding and contributed to the remarkable resilience of these combined practices across diverse climatic zones. Critically, our findings suggest that commonly applied paleodietary interpretations of human and herbivore δ15N values have systematically underestimated the contribution of crop-derived protein to early farmer diets
Are Public-Private Partnerships a Healthy Option? A Systematic Literature Review of “Constructive” Partnerships between Public and Private Actors

15.05.14 KB. Ok to add accepted version to spiral, Elsevier says ok while mandate not enforced.Governments around the world, but especially in Europe, have increasingly used private sector involvement in developing, financing and providing public health infrastructure and service delivery through public-private partnerships (PPPs). Although PPPs have attracted practitioner and academic interest over the last two decades, there has been no attempt to integrate the general management and health management literatures to provide a holistic view of PPPs in healthcare delivery. This study analyzes over 1,400 publications from a wide range of disciplines over a 20-year time period. We find that despite the scale and significance of the phenomenon, there is relatively limited conceptualization and in-depth empirical investigation. Based on bibliographic and content analyses, we synthesize formerly dispersed research perspectives into a comprehensive multi-dimensional framework of public-private partnerships. In so doing, we provide new directions for further research and practice
$CPT$ Violating Electrodynamics and Chern-Simons Modified Gravity

The electrodynamics with a Chern-Simons term
$p_{\mu}A_{\nu}\widetilde{F}^{\mu\nu}$ violates Lorentz and $CPT$ symmetries
with a non-vanishing $p_{\mu}$. For a fixed vector $p_{\mu}$, in this paper we
point out that the energy-momentum tensor of this theory coupled to the gravity
minimally is symmetric but not divergence free, which consequently makes the
gravitational field equation inconsistent. To preserve the consistency, we
introduce a Chern-Simons term in the gravity sector with the coefficient
determined by the Lorentz and $CPT$ violating term in the electromagnetic
field. Further we study the phenomenologies of the model on the cosmic
microwave background radiation and the relic gravitational waves.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, the version to appear in Physics Letters
Pair-vibrational states in the presence of neutron-proton pairing

Pair vibrations are studied for a Hamiltonian with neutron-neutron,
proton-proton and neutron-proton pairing. The spectrum is found to be rich in
strongly correlated, low-lying excited states. Changing theratio of diagonal to
off-diagonal pairing matrix elements is found to have a large impact on the
excited-state spectrum. The variational configuration interaction (VCI) method,
used to calculate the excitation spectrum, is found to be in very good
agreement with exact solutions for systems with large degeneracies having equal
T=0 and T=1 pairing strengths.Comment: 7 pages, 3 tables, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Physics
  Letters
Dark Energy: fiction or reality?

Is Dark Energy justified as an alternative to the cosmological constant
$\Lambda$ in order to explain the acceleration of the cosmic expansion ? It
turns out that a straightforward dimensional analysis of Einstein equation
provides us with clear evidences that the geometrical nature of $\Lambda$ is
the only viable source to this phenomenon, in addition of the application of
Ockham's razor principle. This contribution is primarily a review of the main
stream in the interpretation of $\Lambda$ because it is at the origin of such a
research program.Comment: 9 pages, Invited talk at Tenth International Symposium Frontiers of
  Fundamental and Computational Physics (FFP10) Perth, Western Australia,
  November 24-26, 200
Generalized coorbit space theory and inhomogeneous function spaces of
  Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel type

Coorbit space theory is an abstract approach to function spaces and their
atomic decompositions. The original theory developed by Feichtinger and
Gr{\"o}chenig in the late 1980ies heavily uses integrable representations of
locally compact groups. Their theory covers, in particular, homogeneous
Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces, modulation spaces, Bergman spaces, and the
recent shearlet spaces. However, inhomogeneous Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel spaces
cannot be covered by their group theoretical approach. Later it was recognized
by Fornasier and the first named author that one may replace coherent states
related to the group representation by more general abstract continuous frames.
In the first part of the present paper we significantly extend this abstract
generalized coorbit space theory to treat a wider variety of coorbit spaces. A
unified approach towards atomic decompositions and Banach frames with new
results for general coorbit spaces is presented. In the second part we apply
the abstract setting to a specific framework and study coorbits of what we call
Peetre spaces. They allow to recover inhomogeneous Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel
spaces of various types of interest as coorbits. We obtain several old and new
wavelet characterizations based on precise smoothness, decay, and vanishing
moment assumptions of the respective wavelet. As main examples we obtain
results for weighted spaces (Muckenhoupt, doubling), general 2-microlocal
spaces, Besov-Lizorkin-Triebel-Morrey spaces, spaces of dominating mixed
smoothness, and even mixtures of the mentioned ones. Due to the generality of
our approach, there are many more examples of interest where the abstract
coorbit space theory is applicable.Comment: to appear in Journal of Functional Analysi
Entanglement dynamics of bipartite system in squeezed vacuum reservoirs

Entanglement plays a crucial role in quantum information protocols, thus the
dynamical behavior of entangled states is of a great importance. In this paper
we suggest a useful scheme that permits a direct measure of entanglement in a
two-qubit cavity system. It is realized in the cavity-QED technology utilizing
atoms as fying qubits. To quantify entanglement we use the concurrence. We
derive the conditions, which assure that the state remains entangled in spite
of the interaction with the reservoir. The phenomenon of sudden death
entanglement (ESD) in a bipartite system subjected to squeezed vacuum reservoir
is examined. We show that the sudden death time of the entangled states depends
on the initial preparation of the entangled state and the parameters of the
squeezed vacuum reservoir.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, CEWQO17(St Andrews
Evolution of the solar irradiance during the Holocene

Aims. We present a physically consistent reconstruction of the total solar
irradiance for the Holocene. Methods. We extend the SATIRE models to estimate
the evolution of the total (and partly spectral) solar irradiance over the
Holocene. The basic assumption is that the variations of the solar irradiance
are due to the evolution of the dark and bright magnetic features on the solar
surface. The evolution of the decadally averaged magnetic flux is computed from
decadal values of cosmogenic isotope concentrations recorded in natural
archives employing a series of physics-based models connecting the processes
from the modulation of the cosmic ray flux in the heliosphere to their record
in natural archives. We then compute the total solar irradiance (TSI) as a
linear combination of the jth and jth + 1 decadal values of the open magnetic
flux. Results. Reconstructions of the TSI over the Holocene, each valid for a
di_erent paleomagnetic time series, are presented. Our analysis suggests that
major sources of uncertainty in the TSI in this model are the heritage of the
uncertainty of the TSI since 1610 reconstructed from sunspot data and the
uncertainty of the evolution of the Earth's magnetic dipole moment. The
analysis of the distribution functions of the reconstructed irradiance for the
last 3000 years indicates that the estimates based on the virtual axial dipole
moment are significantly lower at earlier times than the reconstructions based
on the virtual dipole moment. Conclusions. We present the first physics-based
reconstruction of the total solar irradiance over the Holocene, which will be
of interest for studies of climate change over the last 11500 years. The
reconstruction indicates that the decadally averaged total solar irradiance
ranges over approximately 1.5 W/m2 from grand maxima to grand minima
Quantum Gravity Equation In Schroedinger Form In Minisuperspace
  Description

We start from classical Hamiltonian constraint of general relativity to
obtain the Einstein-Hamiltonian-Jacobi equation. We obtain a time parameter
prescription demanding that geometry itself determines the time, not the matter
field, such that the time so defined being equivalent to the time that enters
into the Schroedinger equation. Without any reference to the Wheeler-DeWitt
equation and without invoking the expansion of exponent in WKB wavefunction in
powers of Planck mass, we obtain an equation for quantum gravity in
Schroedinger form containing time. We restrict ourselves to a minisuperspace
description. Unlike matter field equation our equation is equivalent to the
Wheeler-DeWitt equation in the sense that our solutions reproduce also the
wavefunction of the Wheeler-DeWitt equation provided one evaluates the
normalization constant according to the wormhole dominance proposal recently
proposed by us.Comment: 11 Pages, ReVTeX, no figur
Study of Inclusive J/psi Production in Two-Photon Collisions at LEP II
  with the DELPHI Detector

Inclusive J/psi production in photon-photon collisions has been observed at
LEP II beam energies. A clear signal from the reaction gamma gamma -> J/psi+X
is seen. The number of observed N(J/psi -> mu+mu-) events is 36 +/- 7 for an
integrated luminosity of 617 pb^{-1}, yielding a cross-section of
sigma(J/psi+X) = 45 +/- 9 (stat) +/- 17 (syst) pb. Based on a study of the
event shapes of different types of gamma gamma processes in the PYTHIA program,
we conclude that (74 +/- 22)% of the observed J/psi events are due to
`resolved' photons, the dominant contribution of which is most probably due to
the gluon content of the photon.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by Phys. Lett.
Two-loop QCD corrections to gluon-gluon scattering

We present the O(alpha_s^4) virtual QCD corrections to gluon-gluon scattering
due to the interference of tree and two-loop amplitudes. We work in
conventional dimensional regularisation and give analytic expressions
renormalised in the MSbar scheme. The structure of the infrared divergences
agrees with that predicted by Catani while formulae for the finite remainder
are given in terms of logarithms and polylogarithms that are real in the
physical region. These results, together with those previously obtained for
quark-quark and quark-gluon scattering, complete the two-loop matrix elements
needed for the next-to-next-to-leading order contribution to inclusive jet
production at hadron colliders.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX, JHEP class, typo fixe
First measurement of time-dependent CP violation in Bs -> K+K- decays

Direct and mixing-induced CP-violating asymmetries in Bs -> K+K- decays are
measured for the first time using a data sample of pp collisions, corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 1.0 fb^{-1}, collected with the LHCb detector at
a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The results are C_{KK} = 0.14 \pm 0.11 \pm
0.03 and S_{KK} = 0.30 \pm 0.12 \pm 0.04, where the first uncertainties are
statistical and the second systematic. The corresponding quantities are also
determined for B0 -> pi+pi- decays to be C_{pipi} = -0.38 \pm 0.15 \pm 0.02 and
S_{pipi} = -0.71 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.02, in good agreement with existing
measurements.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, v2 with minor changes after journal
  revie
Coleman-Weinberg Inflation in light of Planck

We revisit a single field inflationary model based on Coleman-Weinberg
potentials. We show that in small field Coleman-Weinberg inflation, the
observed amplitude of perturbations needs an extremely small quartic coupling
of the inflaton, which might be a signature of radiative origin. However, the
spectral index obtained in a standard cosmological scenario turns out to be
outside the 2 sigma region of the Planck data. When a non-standard cosmological
framework is invoked, such as brane-world cosmology in the Randall-Sundrum
model, the spectral index can be made consistent with Planck data within 1
sigma, courtesy of the modification in the evolution of the Hubble parameter in
such a scheme. We also show that the required inflaton quartic coupling as well
as a phenomenologically viable B-L symmetry breaking together with a natural
electroweak symmetry breaking can arise dynamically in a generalized B-L
extension of the Standard Model where the full potential is assumed to vanish
at a high scale.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, Version to be published in Phys. Lett.
Substellar Objects in Nearby Young Clusters (SONYC) VIII: Substellar
  population in Lupus 3

SONYC -- Substellar Objects in Nearby Young Clusters -- is a survey program
to investigate the frequency and properties of substellar objects in nearby
star-forming regions. We present a new imaging and spectroscopic survey
conducted in the young (~1 Myr), nearby (~200 pc) star-forming region Lupus 3.
Deep optical and near-infrared images were obtained with MOSAIC-II and NEWFIRM
at the CTIO-4m telescope, covering ~1.4 sqdeg on the sky. The i-band
completeness limit of 20.3 mag is equivalent to 0.009-0.02 MSun, for Av \leq 5.
Photometry and 11-12 yr baseline proper motions were used to select candidate
low-mass members of Lupus 3. We performed spectroscopic follow-up of 123
candidates, using VIMOS at the Very Large Telescope (VLT), and identify 7
probable members, among which 4 have spectral type later than M6.0 and Teff
\leq 3000K, i.e. are probably substellar in nature. Two of the new probable
members of Lupus 3 appear underluminous for their spectral class and exhibit
emission line spectrum with strong Halpha or forbidden lines associated with
active accretion. We derive a relation between the spectral type and effective
temperature: Teff=(4120 +- 175) - (172 +- 26) x SpT, where SpT refers to the M
spectral subtype between 1 and 9. Combining our results with the previous works
on Lupus 3, we show that the spectral type distribution is consistent with that
in other star forming regions, as well as is the derived star-to-BD ratio of
2.0-3.3. We compile a census of all spectroscopically confirmed low-mass
members with spectral type M0 or later.Comment: Accepted by Astrophysical Journa