pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Rising Tides of Ideological Simplifications. A Comparative and Longitudinal Analysis of Local Parties

This article explores the strength and causal determinants of ideological thinking within Swiss local political parties. The concept of “ideologization” refers to (1): “horizontal couplings”, as they are manifested in intercorrelations between different opinions, and to (2) “vertical couplings” of specific opinions to abstract concepts of “left” and “right”. Results show high ideologization on the left-center section of the LR-scale, especially in the vertical dimension. On both sides of the spectrum, ideological constraints are significantly higher in larger communities than in than in smaller ones. Only in rather small communities, does ideologization correlate positively with the educational level, the modern occupational background of party members and the number of other local parties with which they have to compete. In communities of given size, ideological thinking is more pronounced when parties possess a small share of political power. Finally, it is found that ideological constraints have increased somewhat between 1989 and 2002
Mapping local solutions to entrenched transport problems: key lessons regarding the use of geographical information technologies in community mapping with disadvantaged communities

There is an increasing interest in the use of information technology as a participatory planning tool, particularly the use of geographical information technologies to support collaborative activities such as community mapping. However, despite their promise, the introduction of such technologies does not necessarily promote better participation nor improve collaboration. In part this can be attributed to a tendency for planners to focus on the technical considerations associated with these technologies at the expense of broader participation considerations. In this paper we draw on the experiences of a community mapping project with disadvantaged communities in suburban Australia to highlight the importance of selecting tools and techniques which support and enhance participatory planning. This community mapping project, designed to identify and document community-generated transport issues and solutions, had originally intended to use cadastral maps extracted from the government\u27s digital cadastral database as the foundation for its community mapping approach. It was quickly discovered that the local residents found the cadastral maps confusing as the maps lacked sufficient detail to orient them to their suburb (the study area). In response to these concerns and consistent with the project\u27s participatory framework, a conceptual base map based on resident\u27s views of landmarks of local importance was developed to support the community mapping process. Based on this community mapping experience we outline four key lessons learned regarding the process of community mapping and the place of geographical information technologies within this process
Determinants of Online Waqf Acceptance: An Empirical Investigation

ABSTRACT This study explores the factors influencing the acceptance of online waqf, generally termed as Islamic e-donations in Malaysia. The technology acceptance model (TAM) was used as a baseline theory. Questionnaire survey was conducted. The data of the survey were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. Results indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived religiosity and amount of information are instrumental in influencing one’s decision to perform online waqf. Importantly, the results of this study will extend current knowledge on technology acceptance, and online waqf particularly. The results propagate valuable insights for Islamic banking institutions to introduce online waqf in the future where the factors analyzed could be used as a guideline for better planning and implementation of online waqf. Limitations and future researches are provided
Exploring mobile internet use among marginalised young people in post-conflict Sierra Leone

Although the use of mobile internet is emerging as a new area of exploration for accessing the impact of mobile telephony on people in developing countries, study on how it is adopted and utilised in post-conflict context is rare. This paper draws upon domestication theory and ethnographic approach to explore the adoption, popularity and use of mobile internet by marginalised young people in post-conflict Sierra Leone. It argues that such an inquiry is important for understanding how the behavioural patterns of marginalised young people are shaped by the technology that is available to them, and equally how they shape technology to respond to their needs. While the findings reveal an increasing popularity and usage of mobile internet among marginalised young people to build communication networks, access information and entertainment content; some of the users are confronted with multiple impediments that mitigate their capabilities to access and use mobile internet productively. Notable examples of such barriers include high cost of internet enabled mobile phone, low level ICT and literacy skills and limited knowledge in the productive use of mobile internet. The paper concludes that if the potential of mobile internet is to be exploited for productive livelihood improvement, then, there is a need to respond appropriately to these challenges by providing cheaper and durable internet enabled mobile phones, create awareness and facilitate training to improve on the literacy and ICT skills of the user
Depicting cross-cultural interaction: figurative designs in wood, earth and stone from south-east Australia

We examine Aboriginal wooden artefacts traded between European and Aboriginal Australians in south-east Australia in order to gain insight into the impact of cross-cultural interaction on Aboriginal art traditions. Although we focus on wooden objects with figurative designs made and exchanged over the past 150 or more years, as well as their links to earlier ground, tree and rock-art traditions, the study contributes to a larger understanding of cultural change not well documented with ethnography. Information from 469 individual pieces in 90 private and public collections, is summarised, along with the development of individual, community and regional styles. A theory about the role of such material culture during changing times in south-east Australia is outlined. More generally, it is argued that material culture both mediates and expresses change, with figurative motifs and storytelling through pictures particularly effective when communicating to diverse groups of people of varying cultural and linguistic backgrounds.Full Tex
Koey Ngurtai: the emergence of a ritual domain in Western Torres Strait

Koey Ngurtai is a small, uninhabited island located midway between the residential islands of Badu and Mahuyag in western Torres Strait. In 2003 and 2004, 100% surveys of the islet revealed 166 cultural sites. Fifty archaeological excavations were undertaken, revealing a rich history of islet use culminating with the emergence of Koey Ngurtai as a ritual centre after 550-700 cal BP, and a proliferation of ritual structures focused on dugong hunting magic after 350-550 cal BP. Shortly after the arrival of colonial powers in Torres Strait in the 1870s. including pearl shelling and missionary activity, Koey Ngurtai's ritual status was again transformed. This paper reports on these archaeological investigations and historicises Koey Ngurtai as a ritual land-and-seascap
Magnetometer surveys in archaeological research in Papua New Guinea: Keveoki 1, Gulf Province

A magnetometer survey was conducted on the abandoned village site of Keveoki 1, near the Vailala River, Gulf Province, PNG. The survey, using a single sensor proton precession magnetometer, was successful in locating and defining the boundaries of areas confirmed by excavation to contain dense assemblages of pottery. The combination of geophysical and excavation results allowed a broader understanding of the spatial distribution of human occupation at Keveoki 1 than would have been possible based on excavation or visual field walking alone. We suggest this technique should be applied more regularly.
Josephine's journey: Gender-based violence and Marian devotion in urban Papua New Guinea

Contains fulltext :
                  71725.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)This article deals with how, in the urban setting of Madang, Papua New Guinea, Marian devotion is deployed in response to domestic and gender-based violence. While providing insight into the lived religious experiences of Catholic women living in Madang, this article shows how Mary empowers her followers to resist violence, yet, at the same time, paradoxically, is instrumental in sanctioning women to tolerate violence. Josephine's 'journey of violence' reveals not only Josephine's turning to Mary, but more so, her negotiations with values belonging to different cultural logics. Caught between 'tradition', Christianity and 'modernity', Josephine and other Catholic women engage in painful processes of self-analysis and self-transformation to adapt to and change their situation. In these processes, Mary is used as a role model
Young refugees talk about well-being: a qualitative analysis of refugee youth mental health from three states

[Abstract]: Young people from refugee backgrounds face enormous challenges in the settlement process
within Australia. They must locate themselves within a new social, cultural, geographic and
adult space, yet also try to find security within the spaces of their own families and ethnic
communities. Traumas of the past can mix with painful experiences of the present. The
stresses on the lives of these young people can be both complex and diverse. This paper
explores the nature of the stresses among young people from refugee backgrounds living in
Australia. It is based on in-depth interviews with 76 young people from refugee backgrounds
now living in Brisbane, Adelaide and Perth. A qualitative analysis of the impact of these
stressors as well as the coping strategies employed are discussed. It is argued that trauma
exists within a life continuum and that approaches to supporting young people in these
circumstances should be wary of limiting their focus to biomedical categories such as Post-
Traumatic Stress Disorder or Acculturation Stress and instead focus on a wider social context
Mark Latham's third way: income support, civic renewal and collectivism

The core aim of Mark Latham’s Third Way-style policy proposals is to promote the revivification of civil society as part of the renewed pursuit of the common good.  I critically examine this core aim with reference to Mark Latham’s proposed changes to income support.  I claim that Latham's tendency to focus on disadvantaged communities as sites of normative dysfunction only reinforces the traditional conceptual division between deserving employed citizens and undeserving income recipients. It also neglects the real difficulties experienced by mainstream communities, such as the growing time deficit in working households.  I conclude that Latham misses a real opportunity to re-legitimise collective provision and revive the social sphere using a universal rather than a residual policy perspective that shows concern for the well-being of all Australian citizens
An alternative measure of social wellbeing: analysing the key conceptual and statistical components of quality of life

Statisticians, policy makers and social researchers widely accept that there is a need to consider a more nuanced range of measures of quality of life that move beyond the economic domain and that take into account key aspects of an individual’s life circumstances. Using data from an Australian household survey, a composite Wellbeing Index was created that covered objective circumstances, with known associations to wellbeing, evaluated from the individual’s subjective viewpoint. The robustness of the measure comes from the fact that while covering a broad range of key dimensions, the index only includes the items deemed important components of wellbeing by a majority of respondents. The index was then used to explore the extent to which wellbeing is associated with other dimensions of quality of life that have currency in the contemporary literature. The study contributes to the contemporary debate on social wellbeing and adds new Australian evidence to a body of research that has been mainly based on European and American data
Direct evidence that maltose transport activity Is affected by the lipid composition of brewer’s yeast

A brewer’s yeast strain was grown with maltose as sole carbon source under strictly anaerobic conditions with and without ergosterol and /or unsaturated fatty acid (Tween 80) supplements.
Under all these conditions the MALx1 genes for maltose transporters were strongly expressed during growth. The fatty acid
unsaturation indices of growing and stationary phase yeast were increased from about 20% to 56–69% by supplementation with Tween 80. Ergosterol contents were increased up to at least 4- fold by supplementation with ergosterol and Tween 80. Maltose transport activity measured at 20°C was not increased by supplementation
with Tween 80 alone, but was increased 2-fold and 3-fold, respectively, in growing and stationary phase yeast by supplementation with ergosterol together with Tween 80. The
stimulation of maltose transport by ergosterol was greater when the transport was measured at temperatures (10°C and 0°C)
lower than 20°C. The results show that proper function of maltose transporters requires adequate amounts of ergosterol in the yeast. This effect may partly explain the low maltose (and maltotriose) uptake rates both in the second half of brewery fermentations, when the sterol content of yeast has fallen, and when fresh wort is pitched with sterol-deficient cropped yeast.Finnish brewing
and malting industry (PBL) ; Leonardo da Vinci programme ; Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT
A review of flavour formation in continuous beer fermentations

The attractive prospect of a continuous beer fermentation system
consists mostly of the accelerated transformation of wort into
beer. Although continuous beer fermentation has been studied as
a promising technology for several decades, the number of industrial
applications is still limited. The major obstacle hindering
the extensive industrial exploitation of this technology is the
difficulty in achieving the correct balance of sensory compounds
in the short time typical for continuous systems. This paper
offers an integral view on the particularities of continuous systems,
which may impart beer a sensorial character distinct from
conventionally fermented counterparts. The main groups of flavour
active compounds are discussed from the perspective of
possible control strategies by means of process parameters and
strain selection.Czech Grant Agency; MŠM
Volatile composition of wines from cvs. Blanco lexítimo, Agudelo and Serradelo (Vitis vinifera) grown in Betanzos (NW Spain)

Wine aroma is formed by volatile compounds of different chemical natures and origins. Betanzos is the most northern viticole geographic area from Galicia (NW Spain). The aromatic profiles of wines produced from two white varieties (Blanco lexítimo and Agudelo) and one red variety (Serradelo) from Betanzos, harvested in 2006 and 2007, have been established by gas chromatography (GC/FID). A total of 35 varietal and fermentative aroma compounds were identified and quantified in free volatile form, which include terpenols, C13-norisoprenoids, alcohols, esters, volatile fatty acids and volatile phenols. To ascertain the compounds with major impact odours, the Odour Activity Value (OAV) was calculated. Twelve compounds showed concentrations above their perception threshold (OAV>1). The results obtained suggest that ethyl octanoate (apple), isoamyl acetate (banana), ethyl hexanoate (fruity) and β-damascenone (floral) were the most powerful odorants for the white wines Blanco lexítimo and Agudelo from Betanzos. Ethyl octanoate and β-damascenone (fruity and floral aroma respectively) were the most odorant for the red wine Serradelo.Xunta de Galicia (Spain)Adega
Lorenzo Bescansa S.U.L
Flow cytometry for age assessment of a yeast population and its application in beer fermentations

An expeditious method of yeast age estimation was developed
based on selective bud scar staining (Alexa Fluor 488-labelled
wheat-germ agglutinin) and subsequent fluorescence intensity
measurement by flow cytometry. The calibration curve resulting
from the cytometric determination of average bud scar fluorescence
intensities vs. microscopically counted average bud scar
numbers of the same cell populations showed a good correlation
and allowed routine cell age estimation by flow cytometry. The
developed method was applied for yeast age control in traditional
batch and continuous beer fermentations. At the pitching
rates used in industrial beer fermentations, our results support
former findings by locating a gradient of increasing yeast age
from the top to the bottom zone of the fermenter cone. The results
also indicate that in continuous beer fermentation, the increasing
bud scar fluorescence of immobilized cells could help
to schedule the replacement of aged biomass, prior to loss of
viability or deterioration of process performance and product
quality.Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (GAČR 104/06/1418) and MŠMT (MSM
6046137305, Czech Republic)
Monoterpenic characterization of white cultivars from Vinhos Verdes appellation of origin (North Portugal)

The monoterpenic composition of Alvarinho, Arinto, Avesso, Azal, Batoca, Loureiro and Trajadura Vitis vinifera cultivars from the Vinhos Verdes region (Portugal), in respect to free volatile compounds as well as glycosidically bound aroma precursors, was determined by GC-MS after adsorption on XAD-2 resin. Eighteen monoterpenic compounds were identified and quantified in the free form and twenty-two compounds in the glycosidically bound form. In the free fraction, the Loureiro variety could be easily differentiated from the other six varieties by the important levels of linalool, above the odor perception threshold. This was in contrast to Alvarinho, Avesso, Arinto, Aza and Trajadura, where geraniol prevailed. The Batoca variety showed a very poor monoterpenic profile in the free form. On the other hand, Alvarinho was the richest variety in respect to the glycosidically bound form, followed by Loureiro. In this fraction, linalool and 3,7-dimethylocta-1,5-dien-3,7-diol were the most abundant compounds in the Loureiro grape cultivar; additionally, the isomer (E)-8-hydroxylinalool was in a higher concentration than (Z)-8-hydroxylinalool (sub-region of Sousa),while for the rest of the varieties the (Z) isomer prevailed.The authors thank the Comissao de Viticultura da Regiao dos Vinhos Verdes - EVAG. Divisao de Vitivinicultura e Fruticultura da Direccao Regional de Agricultura de Entre Douro e Minho - DVF-DRAEDM for providing the grape samples for this study. Thanks to Dr. Vilanova (Mision Biologica de Galicia - CSIC, Spain) and Dr. Solange I. Mussatto (University of Minho) for their help in the revision of the manuscript
Comparing the impact of environmental factors during very high gravity brewing fermentations

The impact of the initial dissolved oxygen, fermentation temperature, wort concentration and yeast pitching rate on the major fermentation process responses were evaluated by full factorial design and statistical analysis by JMP 5.01 (SAS software) software. Fermentation trials were carried out in 2L-EBC tall tubes using an industrial lager brewing yeast strain. The yeast viability, ethanol production, apparent extract and real degree of fermentation were monitored. The results obtained demonstrate that very high gravity worts at 22°P can be fermented in the same period of time as a 15°P wort, by raising the temperature to 18°C, the oxygen level to about 22 ppm, and increasing the pitching rate to 22 × 106 cell/mL. When diluting to obtain an 11.5°P beer extract, the volumetric brewing capacity increased 91% for the 22°P wort fermentation and 30% using the 15°P wort. After dilution, the fermentation of the 22°P wort resulted in a beer with higher esters levels, primarily the compound ethyl acetate
Study of the volatile and glycosidically bound compounds of minority Vitis vinifera red cultivars from NW Spain

Aroma composition was analyzed in grape musts from five Vitis vinifera red cultivars (Pedral, Sousón, Caíño Redondo, Espadeiro and Mencía) grown in Galicia (NW Spain) with the aim to know the potential profile of these varieties. All cultivars were collected from Coto Redondo Winery vineyard (A.O.C. Rías Baixas) and grown under the same conditions. All cultivars (with a total of 96 aroma compounds, 35 free volatile and 61 glycosidically
bound compounds) were identified and quantified by GC-MS. The results showed that Caíño Redondo and Pedral had the highest concentrations of volatile compounds. The free fraction showed the highest concentration for all cultivars studied with the exception of Pedral. High concentrations of free C6-compounds and free alcohols were found for all red cultivars studied, especially for Caíño Redondo. Sousón and Mencía presented similar characteristics in the free fraction. Pedral showed an important contribution of glycosidically bound compounds. This cultivar showed the highest concentration of bound alcohols, terpenoids, volatile phenols, and C13-norisoprenoids. With terpenoids, higher levels were found in the bound fraction than in the free fraction. Regarding C13-norisoprenoids, Pedral also showed an important contribution of these varietal compounds. The principal component analysis (PCA) showed a good separation of the different grape cultivars, so they could be discriminated based on their potential volatile composition. The oenological potential of ancient and minority grape varieties from NW Spain, with the aim to provide genetic diversity, is illustrated with this work.This work was partially supported by the project 07MRU016403PR from the Galician government (Spain). The authors would like to thank to the Coto Redondo Winery from As Neves - Pontevedra (Galicia, Spain) especially Antonio Mendez. P. Canosa and M. Vilanova are grateful to the Spanish Ministry of Education and Conselleria de Innovacion e Industria from Xunta de Galicia for different financial programs
Are atypical depression, borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder overlapping manifestations of a common cyclothymic diathesis?

The constructs of atypical depression, bipolar II disorder and borderline personality disorder (BPD) overlap. We explored the relationships between these constructs and their temperamental underpinnings. We examined 107 consecutive patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive episode with atypical features. Those who also met the DSM-IV criteria for BPD (BPD+), compared with those who did not (BPD-), had a significantly higher lifetime comorbidity for body dysmorphic disorder, bulimia nervosa, narcissistic, dependent and avoidant personality disorders, and cyclothymia. BPD+ also scored higher on the Atypical Depression Diagnostic Scale items of mood reactivity, interpersonal sensitivity, functional impairment, avoidance of relationships, other rejection avoidance, and on the Hopkins Symptoms Check List obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, anger-hostility, paranoid ideation and psychoticism factors. Logistic regression revealed that cyclothymic temperament accounted for much of the relationship between atypical depression and BPD, predicting 6 of 9 of the defining DSM-IV attributes of the latter. Trait mood lability (among BPD patients) and interpersonal sensitivity (among atypical depressive patients) appear to be related as part of an underlying cyclothymic temperamental matrix