pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
On the choice of stabilizing sub-grid for convection-diffusion problem on rectangular grids

A stabilizing sub-grid which consists of a single additional node in each rectangular element is analyzed for solving the convection-diffusion problem, especially in the case of small diffusion. We provide a simple recipe for spotting the location of the additional node that contributes a very good stabilizing effect to the overall numerical method. We further study convergence properties of the method under consideration and prove that the standard Galerkin finite element solution on augmented grid produces a discrete solution that satisfies the same type of a priori error estimates that are typically obtained with the SUPG method. Some numerical experiments that confirm the theoretical findings are also presented. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Aspects of Berry phase in QFT.

When continuous parameters in a QFT are varied adiabatically, quantum states typically undergo mixing — a phenomenon characterized by the Berry phase. We initiate a systematic analysis of the Berry phase in QFT using standard quantum mechanics methods. We show that a non-trivial Berry phase appears in many familiar QFTs. We study a variety of examples including free electromagnetism with a theta angle, and certain supersymmetric QFTs in two and four spacetime dimensions. We also argue that a large class of QFTs with rich Berry properties is provided by CFTs with non-trivial conformal manifolds. Using the operator-state correspondence we demonstrate in this case that the Berry connection is equivalent to the connection on the conformal manifold derived previously in conformal perturbation theory. In the special case of chiral primary states in 2d  N=(2,2)N=(2,2)  and 4d  N=2N=2  SCFTs the Berry phase is governed by the tt* equations. We present a technically useful rederivation of these equations using quantum mechanics methods
Revisiting INTEGRAL/SPI observations of $^44$Ti from Cassiopeia A

T. Siegert, R. Diehl, M. G. H. Krause, and J. Greiner, ???Revisiting INTEGRAL/SPI observations of 44Ti from Cassiopeia A???, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 579, July 2015. This version of record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201525877 Reproduced with Permission from Astronomy and Astrophysics, ?? ESO 2015.Context. The 340-yr old supernova remnant Cassiopeia A, located at 3.4 kpc distance, is the best-studied young core-collapse super- nova remnant. Nucleosynthesis yields in radioactive isotopes have been studied with different methods, in particular for production and ejection of 44Ti and 56Ni, which originate in the innermost regions of the supernova. 44Ti was first discovered in this remnant, but is not seen consistently in other core-collapse sources. Aims. We aim to measure radioactive 44Ti ejected in Cassiopeia A and to place constraints on velocities of these ejecta by determining X- and ??-ray line-shape parameters of the emission lines. Methods. We analyzed the observations made with the SPI spectrometer on INTEGRAL together with an improved instrumental background method, to achieve a high spectroscopic resolution that enables interpretation for a velocity constraint on 44Ti ejecta from the 1.157 MeV ??-ray line of the 44Sc decay. Results. We observe both the hard X-ray line at 78 keV and the ??-ray line at 1157 keV from the 44Ti decay chain at a combined significance of 3.8??. Measured fluxes are (2.1 ?? 0.4) ?? 10???5 ph cm???2 s???1 and (3.5 ?? 1.2) ?? 10???5 ph cm???2 s???1, which corresponds to (1.5 ?? 0.4) ?? 10???4 and (2.4 ?? 0.9) ?? 10???4 M??? of 44Ti, respectively. The measured Doppler broadening of the lines implies expansion velocities of 4300 and 2200 km s???1 , respectively. By combining our results with previous studies, we determine a more precise esti- mate of ejected 44Ti of (1.37 ?? 0.19) ?? 10???4 M???. Conclusions. The measurements of the two lines are consistent with previous studies. The flux in the line originating from excited 44Ca is significantly higher than the flux determined in the lines from 44Sc. Cosmic-ray acceleration within the supernova remnant may be responsible for an additional contribution to this line from nuclear de-excitation following energetic particle collisions in the remnant and swept-up material
Patients’ willingness and ability to participate actively in the reduction of clinical errors: A systematic literature review

This systematic review identifies the factors that both support and deter patients from being willing and able to participate actively in reducing clinical errors. Specifically, we add to our understanding of the safety culture in healthcare by engaging with the call for more focus on the relational and subjective factors which enable patients’ participation ( [Iedema et al., 2009] and [Ovretveit, 2009]). A systematic search of six databases, ten journals and seven healthcare organisations’ web sites resulted in the identification of 2714 studies of which 68 were included in the review. These studies investigated initiatives involving patients in safety or studies of patients’ perspectives of being actively involved in the safety of their care. The factors explored varied considerably depending on the scope, setting and context of the study. Using thematic analysis we synthesized the data to build an explanation of why, when and how patients are likely to engage actively in helping to reduce clinical errors. The findings show that the main factors for engaging patients in their own safety can be summarised in four categories: illness; individual cognitive characteristics; the clinician-patient relationship; and organisational factors. We conclude that illness and patients’ perceptions of their role and status as subordinate to that of clinicians are the most important barriers to their involvement in error reduction. In sum, patients’ fear of being labelled “difficult” and a consequent desire for clinicians’ approbation may cause them to assume a passive role as a means of actively protecting their personal safety
Composition and luminescence of AlInGaN layers grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy

A study of AlInGaN epilayers, grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, was performed using spatially resolved x-ray microanalysis and luminescence spectroscopy in order to investigate competition between the incorporation of In, Al, and Ga as a function of the growth temperature in the 565-660 °C range and the nominal AlN mole fraction. The samples studied have AlN and InN mole fractions in the ranges of 4%-30% and 0%-16%, respectively. Composition measurements show the effect of decreasing temperature to be an increase in the incorporation of InN, accompanied by a small but discernible decrease in the ratio of GaN to AlN mole fractions. The incorporation of In is also shown to be significantly increased by decreasing the Al mole fraction. Optical emission peaks, observed by cathodoluminescence mapping and by photoluminescence, provide further information on the epilayer compositions as a function of substrate temperature, and the dependencies of peak energy and linewidth are plotted
Measurements of tt‾ charge asymmetry using dilepton final states in pp collisions at √s=8TeV

The charge asymmetry in tt‾ events is measured using dilepton final states produced in pp collisions at the LHC at s=8TeV. The data sample, collected with the CMS detector, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.5fb−1. The measurements are performed using events with two oppositely charged leptons (electrons or muons) and two or more jets, where at least one of the jets is identified as originating from a bottom quark. The charge asymmetry is measured from differences in kinematic distributions, unfolded to the parton level, of positively and negatively charged top quarks and leptons. The tt‾ and leptonic inclusive charge asymmetries are found to be 0.011±0.011(stat)±0.007(syst) and 0.003±0.006(stat)±0.003(syst), respectively. These results, as well as charge asymmetry measurements made as a function of the invariant mass, rapidity, and transverse momentum of the tt‾ system, are in agreement with predictions of the standard model.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Development of an interactive multimedia health informatics CD-ROM for aboriginal health workers. Case study: tuberculosis (TB)

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers are key providers of primary health services to Aboriginal communities, especially in remote and rural areas. Their roles often involve them being overloaded with competing demands. Despite all of this there has been limited attention given to the maintenance and ongoing enhancement of their skills and knowledge following the completion of formal training. 
A culturally appropriate interactive multimedia self-paced health program as a mechanism to improve the accessibility and the use of scientific data and information for health purposes was proposed as a basic method for better supporting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander primary health care workers in their practice locations. This study involved four phases: program needs assessment, identification of the key factors that should be considered in developing the CD-Rom, model development, and formative evaluation for the model.
This paper is a case description for the third phase of the study: the development of a culturally appropriate interactive multimedia health informatics CD-Rom for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health workers.
Market share of faith-inspired and private secular health care providers in Africa: comparing DHS and multi-purpose integrated surveys

Much of the evidence used to-date to back up statements about the market share of faith-inspired providers of health care in sub-Saharan Africa comes from data on health care facilities, and especially on the share of hospital beds held by Christian Health Associations in the countries where these associations operate. In those countries, estimates of the market share of faith-inspired health care providers based on hospital beds or similar measures are the 30 percent to 50 percent range. On the other hand, the evidence available from multi-purpose integrated household surveys that ask households where they go for health care and that identify specifically faith-inspired providers in survey questionnaires tells a different story, with lower market shares for faith-inspired facilities. One could ask whether the evidence from these multi-purpose integrated household surveys is itself robust. The objective in this chapter is to assess whether this is the case. Specifically, the idea is to compare market share estimates obtained from different types household surveys, by considering not only multi-purpose integrated surveys, but also Demographic and Health Surveys for which country coverage is larger. The findings suggest that market share estimates for faith-inspired healthcare providers are of a similar order of magnitude in both Demographic and Health Surveys and multi-purpose integrated surveys.
Modeling and forecasting foreign exchange daily closing prices with normal inverse Gaussian

We fit the normal inverse Gaussian(NIG) distribution to foreign exchange closing prices using the open software
package R and select best models by Kaarik and Umbleja (2011) proposed strategy. We observe that daily closing prices(12/04/2008 - 07/08/2012) of CHF/JPY, AUD/JPY, GBP/JPY, NZD/USD, QAR/CHF, QAR/EUR, SAR/CHF, SAR/EUR,
TND/CHF AND TND/EUR are excellent fits while EGP/EUR and EUR/GBP are good fits with a Kolmogorov-Smirnov
test p-value of 0.062 and 0.08 respectively. It was impossible to estimate normal inverse Gaussian parameters (by maximum likelihood; computational problem) for JPY/CHF but CHF/JPY was an excellent fit. Thus, while the stochastic properties of an exchange rate can be completely modeled with a probability distribution in one direction, it may be impossible the otherway around. We also demonstrate that foreign exchange closing prices can be forecasted with the normal inverse Gaussian
(NIG) Lévy process, both in cases where the daily closing prices can and cannot be modeled by NIG distribution.
Estimates of the error in Gauss-Legendre quadrature for double integrals

know what level of truncation error might be expected for a given number of integration  points. Here, we determine estimates for the truncation error when Gauss-Legendre  quadrature is applied to the numerical evaluation of two dimensional integrals which arise in the boundary element method. Two examples are considered; one where the integrand contains poles, when its definition is extended into the complex plane, and another which contains branch points. In both cases we obtain error estimates which agree with the actual error to at least one significant digit.Full Tex
Measurement of the W+W− production cross section in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s=13 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

The production of opposite-charge W-boson pairs in proton–proton collisions at TeV is measured using data corresponding to 3.16 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider in 2015. Candidate W-boson pairs are selected by identifying their leptonic decays into an electron, a muon and neutrinos. Events with reconstructed jets are not included in the candidate event sample. The cross-section measurement is performed in a fiducial phase space close to the experimental acceptance and is compared to theoretical predictions. Agreement is found between the measurement and the most accurate calculations available.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COL-CIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; SRNSF, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF, I-CORE and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, the Canada Council, CANARIE, CRC, Compute Canada, FQRNT, and the Ontario Innovation Trust, Canada; EPLANET, ERC, ERDF, FP7, Horizon 2020 and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d'Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, Region Auvergne and Fondation Partager le Savoir, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF; BSF, GIF and Minerva, Israel; BRF, Norway; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Generalitat Valenciana, Spain; the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Stereoselective Disposition of S- and R-Licarbazepine in Mice

The stereoselective disposition of S-licarbazepine (S-Lic) and R-licarbazepine
(R-Lic) was investigated in plasma, brain, liver, and kidney tissues after their
individual administration (350 mg/kg) to mice by oral gavage. Plasma, brain, liver, and
kidney concentrations of licarbazepine enantiomers and their metabolites were determined
over the time by a validated chiral HPLC-UV method. The mean concentration
data, attained at each time point, were analyzed using a non-compartmental model. S-Lic
and R-Lic were rapidly absorbed from gastrointestinal tract of mouse and immediately
distributed to tissues supplied with high blood flow rates. Both licarbazepine enantiomers
were metabolized to a small extent, each parent compound being mainly responsible
for the systemic and tissue drug exposure. The stereoselectivity in the metabolism
and distribution of S- and R-Lic was easily identified. An additional metabolite was
detected following R-Lic administration and S-Lic showed a particular predisposition for
hepatic and renal accumulation. Stereoselective processes were also identified at the
blood–brain barrier, with the brain exposure to S-Lic almost twice that of R-Lic. Another
finding, reported here for the first time, was the ability of the mouse to perform the chiral
inversion of S- and R-Lic, albeit to a small extent
Search for electroweak production of charginos and neutralinos in WH events in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

Results are reported from a search for physics beyond the standard model in proton-proton collision events with a charged lepton (electron or muon), two jets identified as originating from a bottom quark decay, and significant imbalance in the transverse momentum. The search was performed using a data sample corresponding to 35.9 inverse femtobarns, collected by the CMS experiment in 2016 at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. Events with this signature can arise, for example, from the electroweak production of gauginos, which are predicted in models based on supersymmetry. The event yields observed in data are consistent with the estimated standard model backgrounds. Limits are obtained on the cross sections for chargino-neutralino production in a simplified model of supersymmetry with the decays chargino to W+/- lsp and neutralino to H lsp. Values of m[chargino] between 220 and 490 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level by this search when the lsp is massless, and values of m[lsp] are excluded up to 110 GeV for m[chargino] about 450 GeV
7-(Pyrazol-4-yl)-3H-imidazo 4,5-b pyridine-based derivatives for kinase inhibition: Co-crystallisation studies with Aurora-A reveal distinct differences in the orientation of the pyrazole N1-substituent

Introduction of a 1-benzyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl moiety at C7 of the imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine scaffold provided 7a which inhibited a range of kinases including Aurora-A. Modification of the benzyl group in 7a, and subsequent co-crystallisation of the resulting analogues with Aurora-A indicated distinct differences in binding mode dependent upon the pyrazole N-substituent. Compounds 7a and 14d interact with the P-loop whereas 14a and 14b engage with Thr217 in the post-hinge region. These crystallographic insights provide options for the design of compounds interacting with the DFG motif or with Thr217. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd
Sylvester's double sums: an inductive proof of the general case

In 1853, Sylvester introduced a family of double sum expressions for two finite sets of indeterminates and showed that some members of the family are essentially the polynomial subresultants of the monic polynomials associated with these sets. In 2009, in a joint work with C. D’Andrea and H. Hong we gave the complete description of all the members of the family as expressions in the coefficients of these polynomials. More recently, M.-F. Roy and A. Szpirglas presented a new and natural inductive proof for the cases considered by Sylvester. Here we show how induction also allows to obtain the full description of Sylvester’s double-sums.Fil: Krick, Teresa Elena Genoveva. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Matemática; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Investigaciones Matemáticas "Luis A. Santaló"; ArgentinaFil: Szanto, Agnes. Noorth Carolina State University; Estados Unido
Feature-tailored spectroscopic analysis of the SNRsupernova remnant Puppis A in X-rays

We introduce a distinct method to perform spatially-resolved spectral analysis of astronomical sources with highly structured X-ray emission. The method measures the surface brightness of neighbouring pixels to adaptively size and shape each region, thus the spectra from the bright and faint filamentary structures evident in the broadband images can be extracted. As a test case, we present the spectral analysis of the complete X-ray emitting plasma in the supernova remnant Puppis A observed with XMM-Newton and Chandra. Given the angular size of Puppis A, many pointings with different observational configurations have to be combined, presenting a challenge to any method of spatially-resolved spectroscopy. From the fit of a plane-parallel shocked plasma model we find that temperature, absorption column, ionization time scale, emission measure and elemental abundances of O, Ne, Mg, Si, S and Fe, are smoothly distributed in the remnant. Some regions with overabundances of O-Ne-Mg, previously characterized as ejecta material, were automatically selected by our method, proving the excellent response of the technique. This method is an advantageous tool for the exploitation of archival X-ray data.Fil: Luna, Gerardo Juan Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Smith, M. J. S.. Newton Science Operations Centre; EspañaFil: Dubner, Gloria Mabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Giacani, Elsa Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Castelletti, Gabriela Marta. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; Argentin
ER stress in rodent islets of langerhans is concomitant with obesity and Î²-cell compensation but not with Î²-cell dysfunction and diabetes

Objective:\ud
The objective of this study was to determine whether ER stress correlates with β-cell dysfunction in obesity-associated diabetes.\ud
\ud
Methods:\ud
Quantitative RT-PCR and western blot analysis were used to investigate changes in the expression of markers of ER stress, the unfolded protein response (UPR) and β-cell function in islets isolated from (1) non-diabetic Zucker obese (ZO) and obese female Zucker diabetic fatty (fZDF) rats compared with their lean littermates and from (2) high-fat-diet-fed fZDF rats (HF-fZDF), to induce diabetes, compared with age-matched non-diabetic obese fZDF rats.\ud
\ud
Results:\ud
Markers of an adaptive ER stress/UPR and β-cell function are elevated in islets isolated from ZO and fZDF rats compared with their lean littermates. In islets isolated from HF-fZDF rats, there was no significant change in the expression of markers of ER stress compared with age matched, obese, non-diabetic fZDF rats.\ud
\ud
Conclusions:\ud
These results provide evidence that obesity-induced activation of the UPR is an adaptive response for increasing the ER folding capacity to meet the increased demand for insulin. As ER stress is not exacerbated in high-fat-diet-induced diabetes, we suggest that failure of the islet to mount an effective adaptive UPR in response to an additional increase in insulin demand, rather than chronic ER stress, may ultimately lead to β-cell failure and hence diabetes