pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Random walk with barycentric self-interaction. \ud
\ud

We study the asymptotic behaviour of a d-dimensional self-interacting random walk (Xn)n∈ℕ (ℕ:={1,2,3,…}) which is repelled or attracted by the centre of mass of its previous trajectory. The walk’s trajectory (X1,…,Xn) models a random polymer chain in either poor or good solvent. In addition to some natural regularity conditions, we assume that the walk has one-step mean drift TeX for ρ∈ℝ and β≥0. When β<1 and ρ>0, we show that Xn is transient with a limiting (random) direction and satisfies a super-diffusive law of large numbers: n−1/(1+β)Xn converges almost surely to some random vector. When β∈(0,1) there is sub-ballistic rate of escape. When β≥0 and ρ∈ℝ we give almost-sure bounds on the norms ‖Xn‖, which in the context of the polymer model reveal extended and collapsed phases.\ud
\ud
Analysis of the random walk, and in particular of Xn−Gn, leads to the study of real-valued time-inhomogeneous non-Markov processes (Zn)n∈ℕ on [0,∞) with mean drifts of the form 0.1TeX where β≥0 and ρ∈ℝ. The study of such processes is a time-dependent variation on a classical problem of Lamperti; moreover, they arise naturally in the context of the distance of simple random walk on ℤd from its centre of mass, for which we also give an apparently new result. We give a recurrence classification and asymptotic theory for processes Zn satisfying (0.1), which enables us to deduce the complete recurrence classification (for any β≥0) of Xn−Gn for our self-interacting walk
On a class of integrable systems of Monge-Ampere type

Reproduced from DOUBROV, B. ... et al, 2017. On a class of integrable systems of Monge-Ampere type. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 58(6): 063508, with the permission of AIP PublishingWe investigate a class of multi-dimensional two-component systems of Monge-Ampere type that\ud
can be viewed as generalisations of heavenly-type equations appearing in self-dual Ricci-flat geometry. Based on the Jordan-Kronecker theory of skew-symmetric matrix pencils, a classification of normal forms of such systems is obtained. All two-component systems of Monge-Ampere type turn out to be integrable, and can be represented as the commutativity conditions of parameter-dependent vector fields. Geometrically, systems of Monge-Ampere type are associated with linear sections of the Grassmannians. This leads to an invariant differential-geometric characterisation of the Monge-Ampere property
Feature Relevance in Ward's Hierarchical Clustering Using the L (p) Norm

In this paper we introduce a new hierarchical clustering algorithm called Wardp. Unlike the original Ward, Wardp generates feature weights, which can be seen as feature rescaling factors thanks to the use of the Lp norm. The feature weights are cluster dependent, allowing a feature to have different degrees of relevance at different clusters. We validate our method by performing experiments on a total of 75 real-world and synthetic datasets, with and without added features made of uniformly random noise. Our experiments show that: (i) the use of our feature weighting method produces results that are superior to those produced by the original Ward method on datasets containing noise features; (ii) it is indeed possible to estimate a good exponent p under a totally unsupervised framework. The clusterings produced by Wardp are dependent on p. This makes the estimation of a good value for this exponent a requirement for this algorithm, and indeed for any other also based on the Lp norm
Moments of exit times from wedges for non-homogeneous random walks with asymptotically zero drifts

We study quantitative asymptotics of planar random walks that are spatially non-homogeneous but whose mean drifts have some regularity. Specifically, we study the first exit time $\tau_\alpha$ from a wedge with apex at the origin and interior half-angle $\alpha$ by a non-homogeneous random walk on $\Z^2$ with mean drift at $\bx$ of magnitude $O( \| \bx \|^{-1})$ as $\| \bx \| \to \infty$. This is the critical regime for the asymptotic behaviour: under mild conditions, a previous result of the authors stated that $\tau_\alpha < \infty$ a.s.\ for any $\alpha$. Here we study the more difficult problem of the existence and non-existence of moments $\Exp [ \tau_\alpha^s]$, $s>0$. Assuming a uniform bound on the walk's increments, we show that for $\alpha < \pi/2$ there exists $s_0 \in (0,\infty)$ such that $\Exp [ \tau_\alpha^s]$ is finite for $s < s_0$ but infinite for $s > s_0$; under specific assumptions on the drift field we show that we can attain $\Exp [ \tau_\alpha ^s] = \infty$ for any $s > 1/2$. We show that there is a phase transition between drifts of magnitude $O(\| \bx \|^{-1})$ (the critical regime) and $o( \| \bx \|^{-1} )$ (the subcritical regime). In the subcritical regime we obtain a non-homogeneous random walk analogue of a theorem for Brownian motion due to Spitzer, under considerably weaker conditions than those previously given (including work by Varopoulos) that assumed zero drift
Towards virtual know ledge broker services for semantic integration of life science literature and data sources

Research in the life sciences requires ready access to primary data, derived information and relevant knowledge from a multitude of sources. Integration and interoperability of such resources are critical for sharing content across research domains relevant to the life sciences. In this article we present a perspective review of data integration with emphasis on a semantics driven approach to data integration that pushes content into a shared infrastructure, reduces data redundancy and clarifies any inconsistencies. This enables much improved access to life science data from numerous primary sources. The Semantic Enrichment of the Scientific Literature (SESL) pilot project demonstrates feasibility for using already available open semantic web standards and technologies to integrate public and proprietary data resources, which span structured and unstructured content. This has been accomplished through a precompetitive consortium, which provides a cost effective approach for numerous stakeholders to work together to solve common problems
Are women self help group members economically more empowered in left-run municipalities?

WWho controls the income earned by members of women's self help groups (SHG) from group activities—they or their husbands? The answer indicates one dimension of the level of economic empowerment attained by SHG members. This paper examines whether identity of the person controlling this income depends upon the political party ruling the municipality where the SHG is situated. Two parties are considered—the Left Front, a coalition comprising of Leftist parties, and the Indian National Congress. This paper is based on a field study of 240 SHG members in six municipalities in West Bengal, a major state in India.
Structural insights into the mechanism and inhibition of the beta-Hydroxydecanoyl-Acyl carrier protein dehydratase from pseudomonas aeruginosa

Fatty acid biosynthesis is an essential component of metabolism in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The fatty acid biosynthetic pathway of Gram-negative bacteria is an established therapeutic target. Two homologous enzymes FabA and FabZ catalyze a key step in fatty acid biosynthesis; both dehydrate hydroxyacyl fatty acids that are coupled via a phosphopantetheine to an acyl carrier protein (ACP). The resulting trans-2-enoyl-ACP is further polymerized in a processive manner. FabA, however, carries out a second reaction involving isomerization of trans-2-enoyl fatty acid to cis-3-enoyl fatty acid. We have solved the structure of Pseudomonas aeruginosa FabA with a substrate allowing detailed molecular insight into the interactions of the active site. This has allowed a detailed examination of the factors governing the second catalytic step. We have also determined the structure of FabA in complex with small molecules (so-called fragments). These small molecules occupy distinct regions of the active site and form the basis for a rational inhibitor design program. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Counter-intuitive influence of Himalayan river morphodynamics on Indus Civilisation urban settlements

We acknowledge seed grants from the Leverhulme Trust, Royal Society and UKIERI. Natural Environment Research Council Argon Isotope Facility grant IP-1267-1111 funded the argon analyses. A.S. was supported by a IIT-K PhD fellowship. J-P.B. receives funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme ERC-2014-StG 639904 – RELOS.Urbanism in the Bronze-age Indus Civilisation (~4.6–3.9 thousand years before the present, ka) has been linked to water resources provided by large Himalayan river systems, although the largest concentrations of urban-scale Indus settlements are located far from extant Himalayan rivers. Here we analyse the sedimentary architecture, chronology and provenance of a major palaeochannel associated with many of these settlements. We show that the palaeochannel is a former course of the Sutlej River, the third largest of the present-day Himalayan rivers. Using optically stimulated luminescence dating of sand grains, we demonstrate that flow of the Sutlej in this course terminated considerably earlier than Indus occupation, with diversion to its present course complete shortly after ~8 ka. Indus urban settlements thus developed along an abandoned river valley rather than an active Himalayan river. Confinement of the Sutlej to its present incised course after ~8 ka likely reduced its propensity to re-route frequently thus enabling long-term stability for Indus settlements sited along the relict palaeochannel.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Career development and personal functioning differences between work-bound and non-work bound students

We surveyed 506 Australian high school students on career development (exploration,  planning, job-knowledge, decision-making, indecision), personal functioning (well-being, self-esteem, life satisfaction, school satisfaction) and control variables (parent education, school achievement), and tested differences among work-bound, college-bound and university-bound students. The work-bound students had the poorest career development and personal functioning, the university-bound students the highest, with the collegebound students falling in-between the other two groups. Work-bound students did poorest, even after controlling for parent education and school achievement. The results suggest a relationship between career development and personal functioning in high school students.Griffith Health, School of Applied PsychologyFull Tex
Antioxidant Versus Cytotoxic Properties of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives – A New Paradigm in Phenolic Research

Trihydroxycinnamic derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The ester derivatives exhibited a higher radical-scavenging activity, when liposomes were used as target systems, a fact which may be related to their lipophilicity and conformational preferences. These compounds were found to display significant growth inhibition and cytotoxic effects towards a human cervix adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa). The partition coefficients presently obtained for the trihydroxycinnamic derivatives correlate well both with their structural characteristics and with their antioxidant/cytotoxic activities. A positive structure-activity-property relationship between cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, which is intrinsically related with physico-chemical and conformational properties, is anticipated, as a noteworthy study that must be done for phenolic systems. As damage events are frequently correlated with oxidative stress, the prevalence of both properties in a single compound could be beneficial in terms of rationale preventive or therapeutic purposes
Planck intermediate results. XXV. The Andromeda galaxy as seen by Planck

The Andromeda galaxy (M 31) is one of a few galaxies that has sufficient angular size on the sky to be resolved by the Planck satellite. Planck has detected M 31 in all of its frequency bands, and has mapped out the dust emission with the High Frequency Instrument, clearly resolving multiple spiralarms and sub-features. We examine the morphology of this long-wavelength dust emission as seen by Planck, including a study of its outermost spiral arms, and investigate the dust heating mechanism across M 31. We find that dust dominating the longer wavelength emission (≥ 0.3 mm) is heated by the diffuse stellar population (as traced by 3.6 μm emission), with the dust dominating the shorter wavelength emission heated by a mix of the old stellar population and star-forming regions (as traced by 24 μm emission). We also fit spectral energy distributions for individual 5′ pixels and quantify the dust properties across the galaxy, taking into account these different heating mechanisms, finding that there is a linear decrease in temperature with galactocentric distance for dust heated by the old stellar population, as would be expected, with temperatures ranging from around 22 K in the nucleus to 14 K outside of the 10 kpc ring. Finally, we measure the integrated spectrum of the whole galaxy, which we find to be well-fitted with a global dust temperature of (18.2 ± 1.0) K with a spectral index of 1.62 ± 0.11 (assuming a single modified blackbody), and a significant amount of free-free emission at intermediate frequencies of 20-60 GHz, which corresponds to a star formation rate of around 0.12 M⊙ yr-1. We find a 2.3σ detection of the presence of spinning dust emission, with a 30 GHz amplitude of 0.7 ± 0.3 Jy, which is in line with expectations from our Galaxy. © ESO 2015
Energy dependent $\gamma$-ray morphology in the pulsar wind nebula HESS J1825-137

Aims. We present results from deep $\gamma$-ray observations of the Galactic pulsar wind nebula HESS J1825-137 performed with the HESS array. Methods. Detailed morphological and spatially resolved spectral studies reveal the very high-energy (VHE) $\gamma$-ray aspects of this object with unprecedented precision. Results. We confirm previous results obtained in a survey of the Galactic Plane in 2004. The $\gamma$-ray emission extends asymmetrically to the south and south-west of the energetic pulsar PSR J1826-1334 , that is thought to power the pulsar wind nebula. The differential $\gamma$-ray spectrum of the whole emission region is measured over more than two orders of magnitude, from 270 GeV to 35 TeV, and shows indications for a deviation from a pure power law. Spectra have also been determined for spatially separated regions of HESS J1825-137. The photon indices from a power-law fit in the different regions show a softening of the spectrum with increasing distance from the pulsar and therefore an energy dependent morphology. Conclusions. This is the first time that an energy dependent morphology has been detected in the VHE $\gamma$-ray regime. The VHE $\gamma$-ray emission of HESS J1825-137 is phenomenologically discussed in the scenario where the $\gamma$-rays are produced by VHE electrons via Inverse Compton scattering. The high $\gamma$-ray luminosity of the source cannot be explained on the basis of constant spin-down power of the pulsar and requires higher injection power in past
Medieval markets : A soil micromorphological and archaeobotanical study of the urban stratigraphy of Lier (Belgium)

The authors wish to acknowledge the Town of Lier, which supplied funding for the fabrication of the thin sections. The micromorphological analysis was made possible by a PhD Fellowship of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) 11E0215N (BW), and the Centre de Recherches en Archéologie et Patrimoine (ULB) (YD). The 14C-dating of archaeological units and the phytolith analysis were funded by the Province of Antwerp/Provincial Archaeological Depot. The identification of chemical elements in metal slag was performed using a μXRF instrument acquired with a grant from the Hercules Foundation (UAB/1309) (with thanks to Karin Nys and Philippe Claeys, Vrije Universiteit Brussel). The authors also wish to thank Anton Ervynck (Agentschap Onroerend Erfgoed), Richard Macphail (University College London), Christina Makarona (Vrije Universiteit Brussel), Kristin Ismail-Meyer (IPNA, Basel), Lien Speleers (Royal Belgian Institute for Natural Sciences) and Colin Taylor (University of Aberdeen) for their advice and assistance at various stages of this research, and the three anonymous reviewers for their valuable feedback.Peer reviewedPostprin
Search for CP violation in the phase space of $D^0 \to \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^+ \pi^-$ decays

A search for time-integrated CP violation in the Cabibbo-suppressed decay $D^0 \to \pi^+ \pi^- \pi^+ \pi^-$ is performed using an unbinned, model-independent technique known as the energy test. This is the first application of the energy test in four-body decays. The search is performed for P-even CP asymmetries and, for the first time, is extended to probe the P-odd case. Using proton–proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 $fb^{−1}$ collected by the LHCb detector at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt s$ = 7TeV and 8 TeV, the world's best sensitivity to CP violation in this decay is obtained. The data are found to be consistent with the hypothesis of CP symmetry with a p-value of (4.6 $\pm$ 0.5)% in the P-even case, and marginally consistent with a p-value of (0.6 $\pm$ 0.2)% in the P-odd case, corresponding to a significance for CP non-conservation of 2.7 standard deviations
Lipase production by solid-state fermentation of olive pomace in tray-type and pressurized bioreactors

Background: Bioreactor type, sterilization and specific operational conditions are key factors for the scale-up of solid-state fermentation (SSF). This work deals with the lipase production by SSF of olive pomace (OP) at a traditional tray-type and pressurized bioreactors. Important aspects for SSF at bioreactors were studied, such as the need of sterilization and moisture content (MC) control.
RESULTS
At larger scale, there was no significant difference in lipase production between sterilized and unsterilized substrates, but MC control had significant impact. The production of lipase in a pressurized bioreactor, under air absolute pressure of 200 kPa and 400 kPa, was two-fold higher than in tray-type bioreactor using the same amount of substrate (500 g) and the same bed height. The protein content of substrate increased from 10 to 18% (w/w) after SSF and the fermented solid presented an antioxidant activity of 10 mmol Trolox kg-1.
CONCLUSIONS
SSF in pressurized bioreactor allowed to efficiently produce lipase with higher substrate bed height in contrast to that in tray-type bioreactor. The improvement of nutritional value of substrate by SSF indicates its potential applicability in animal feed.Felisbela Oliveira acknowledges the ﬁnancial support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through grant SFRH/BD/87953/2012. José Manuel Salgado was supported by grant CEB/N2020 – INV/01/2016 from Project “BIOTECNORTE - Underpinning Biotechnology to foster the north of Portugal bioeconomy” (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004). This study was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2013 unit and COMPETE 2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006684) and BioTec-Norte operation (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 ProgramaOperacionalRegionaldoNorte. Noelia Pérez-Rodríguez acknowledges the ﬁnancial support of FPU from Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports. The authors thank the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation for the ﬁnancial support of this work (projectCTQ2011-28967), which has partial ﬁnancial support from the FEDER funds of the European Union.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Fusion rules for the logarithmic N = 1 superconformal minimal models II: Including the Ramond sector

The Virasoro logarithmic minimal models were intensively studied by several groups over the last ten years with much attention paid to the fusion rules and the structures of the indecomposable representations that fusion generates. The analogous study of the fusion rules of the N=1 superconformal logarithmic minimal models was initiated in [1] as a continuum counterpart to the lattice explorations of [2] . These works restricted fusion considerations to Neveu–Schwarz representations. Here, this is extended to include the Ramond sector. Technical advances that make this possible include a fermionic Verlinde formula applicable to logarithmic conformal field theories and a twisted version of the fusion algorithm of Nahm and Gaberdiel–Kausch. The results include the first construction and detailed analysis of logarithmic structures in the Ramond sector
Search for low mass vector resonances decaying into quark-antiquark pairs in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A search for narrow vector resonances decaying into quark-antiquark pairs is presented. The analysis is based on data collected in proton-proton collisions at s√=13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb[superscript −1]. The hypothetical resonance is produced with sufficiently high transverse momentum that its decay products are merged into a single jet with two-prong substructure. A signal would be identified as a peak over a smoothly falling background in the distribution of the invariant mass of the jet, using novel jet substructure techniques. No evidence for such a resonance is observed within the mass range of 50-300 GeV. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section, and presented in a mass-coupling parameter space. The limits further constrain simplified models of dark matter production involving a mediator interacting between quarks and dark matter particles through a vector or axial-vector current. In the framework of these models, the results are the most sensitive to date, extending for the first time the search region to masses below 100 GeV. Keywords: Jet substructure; Hadron-Hadron scattering (experiments); Dark matter Jet
Tensile strength of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko nucleus material from overhangs

We directly measured twenty overhanging cliffs on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko extracted from the latest shape model and estimated the minimum tensile strengths needed to support them against collapse under the comet’s gravity. We find extremely low strengths of around 1 Pa or less (1 to 5 Pa, when scaled to a metre length). The presence of eroded material at the base of most overhangs, as well as the observed collapse of two features andthe implied previous collapse of another, suggests that they are prone to failure and that the true material strengths are close to these lower limits (although we only consider static stresses and not dynamic stress from, for example, cometary activity). Thus, a tensile strength of a few pascals is a good approximation for the tensile strength of the 67P nucleus material, which is in agreement with previous work. We find no particular trends in overhang properties either with size over the ~10–100 m range studied here or location on the nucleus. There are no obvious differences, in terms of strength, height or evidence of collapse, between the populations of overhangs on the two cometary lobes, suggesting that 67P is relatively homogenous in terms of tensile strength. Low material strengths are supportive of cometary formation as a primordial rubble pile or by collisional fragmentation of a small body (tens of km)