pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Body image dissatisfaction and eating-related psychopathology in trans individuals: a matched control study

This is the peer reviewed version of the article, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.2362. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.High levels of body dissatisfaction have already been reported in the trans population; however, the root of this dissatisfaction, and its association with eating disordered behaviours, has not been studied in-depth. This study aims to assess eating disorder risk by comparing 200 trans people, 200 people with eating disorders and 200 control participants' scores on three subscales of the Eating Disorders Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and to further explore dissatisfaction in the trans participants using the Hamburg Body Drawing Scale (HBDS). The results showed that overall participants with eating disorders scored higher than trans or control groups on all EDI-2 measures, but that trans individuals had greater body dissatisfaction than control participants and, importantly, trans males had comparable body dissatisfaction scores to eating disordered males. Drive for thinness was greater in females (cis and trans) compared with males. In relation to HBDS body dissatisfaction, both trans males and trans females reported greatest dissatisfaction not only for gender-identifying body parts but also for body shape and weight. Overall, trans males may be at particular risk for eating disordered psychopathology and other body image-related behaviours
Evaluation of a motivation and psycho-educational guided self help intervention for people with eating disorders (MOPED)

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: BREWIN, N. ... et al, 2016. Evaluation of a motivation and psycho-educational guided self-help intervention for people with eating disorders (MOPED). European Eating Disorders Review, 24(3), pp. 241–246, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.2431. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.High dropout rates and poor levels of engagement are well documented for patients with eating disorders. Utilising motivational techniques and providing psycho-education have been suggested as ways to reduce treatment disengagement. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a newly developed motivational and psycho-educational guided self-help intervention (MOPED) for people with eating disorders on engagement and retention in therapy. Patients who received MOPED pre-treatment (n = 79) were compared to a diagnosis matched group of patients receiving treatment as usual (TAU; n = 79). The study found that patients receiving MOPED had a higher engagement rate than those within the TAU group. Specifically, patients in the anorexic spectrum were found to present with both higher rates of engagement and completion of therapy when issued with MOPED in comparison to TAU.  Self-help packages using motivational style could be a valuable and cost effective intervention for patients with eating disorders
Disordered eating, compulsive exercise and sport participation in a UK adolescent sample

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: GOODWIN, H., HAYCRAFT, E. and MEYER, C., 2016. Disordered eating, compulsive exercise and sport participation in a UK adolescent sample. European Eating Disorders Review, 24 (4), pp.304-309., which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.2441. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."The sport literature has produced equivocal results as to whether sport participation is a protective or risk factor for disordered eating. One mechanism by which it could be a risk factor is the increased drive or compulsion to exercise. This study compared the levels of disordered eating and compulsive exercise between adolescent sport and non-sport participants. A sample of 417 male and female adolescents, aged 14-16 years old, was recruited from UK secondary schools. Participants completed questionnaire packs that included the Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), a measure of exercise behaviour, and the Compulsive Exercise Test (CET). Non-sport participants reported significantly greater body dissatisfaction than sport participants, and this was true for boys and girls. Significant group differences were also reported for many of the CET scales, with sport participants generally reporting greater levels of compulsive exercise than non-sport participants. Implications of these results are discussed
Predictors of positive treatment outcome in people with anorexia nervosa treated in a specialized inpatient unit: The role of early response to treatment

This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: WALES, J. ...et al., 2016. Predictors of positive treatment outcome in people with anorexia nervosa treated in a specialized inpatient unit: The role of early response to treatment. European Eating Disorders Review, 24 (5), pp.417-424, which has been published in final form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/erv.2443. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving.o investigate factors which predict positive treatment outcome in inpatients with anorexia nervosa (AN), particularly the role of early treatment response. METHOD: 102 patients entering specialist inpatient treatment were assessed for eating disorder history, psychopathology and motivation to change. Predictive factors assessed were: early treatment response defined as weight increase of at least 0.5-1 kg/week during the first six weeks of treatment; admission BMI; onset age; chronicity; motivation to change; diagnosis; and previous hospitalization for AN. Positive treatment outcome was defined as achieving BMI 17.5 kg/m2 within an individual timeframe. RESULTS: Logistic regression indicated that patients were 18 times more likely to reach positive treatment outcome if they met NICE weight guidelines within the first six weeks of hospitalization. Higher admission BMI was also found to predict positive treatment outcome. DISCUSSION: Higher entry BMI and early weight gain predict positive treatment outcome in individuals receiving specialist AN inpatient treatment
The portuguese version of the eating disorders inventory : evaluation of its psychometric properties

The objective of the present study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI; Garner et al., 1983). Three groups participated in the current study: 274 female and 67 male non-patients, and 83 females with a diagnosis of eating disorder. Results clearly support the reliability and the factor structure of the EDI in a Portuguese sample. In addition non-patient and eating disordered participants' score significantly differently in all EDI scales, emphasizing the clinical usefulness of the measure.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia - PRAXIS/PCSH/P/PSI/85/96
Eating disordered behaviours in portuguese athletes : the influence of personal, sport, and psychological variables

Objective: This study describes eating disordered behaviours in a sample of Portuguese elite athletes and analyses the impact of personal and sports factors on those eating disordered behaviours.
Method: Two hundred and ninety athletes (51.7% males) practicing collective (64.8%) and individual sports have been included. The evaluation protocol included the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire; the Sport Condition Questionnaire; the Sport Anxiety Scale; the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire; the Cognitive Evaluation of Sport–Threat Perceptions; and the Self-Presentation Exercise Questionnaire.
Results: Females, athletes with a higher body mass index, and those with a desire to weigh less, reported more eating disordered behaviours. No relation with sports variables was found. Finally, a higher prevalence of eating disorders behaviour was predicted by lower satisfaction in terms of body shape and physical appearance, higher anxiety and impression motivation. 
Conclusion: Personal characteristics of athletes, as well as their body satisfaction, anxiety, impression motivation and threat perception, and coach comments on their weight, represent dimensions that could raise the risk for eating disorders
Low-grade heat recycling for system synergies between waste heat and food production, a case study at the European Spallation Source

At present food production depends almost exclusively on direct use of stored energy sources, may perhaps they be nuclear-, petroleum-, or biobased. Arable land, artificial fertilizers, and fresh water resources are the base for our present food systems, but are limited. At the same time, energy resources in the form of waste heat are available in ample quantities. The European Spallation Source (ESS) will require approximately 270 GWh of power per year to operate, power that ultimately is converted to heat. This multidisciplinary case study details an alternative food production cooling chain, using low-grade surplus heat, and involving fermentation, aquaculture, nutrient recapture, and greenhouse horticulture including both use of low-grade surplus heat and recycling of society's organic waste that is converted to animal feed and fertilizer. The study indicates that by combining the use of surplus energy with harvest of society's organic side flows, for example, food waste and aquatic-based cash crops, sustainable food systems are possible at a level of significance also for global food security. The effects of the proposed heat reuse model are discussed in a system perspective and in the context of the UNSCD indicator framework. The potential sustainability benefits of such an effort are shown to be substantial and multifaceted
Experimental analysis and simulation of a production line for CPV modules: impact of defects, misalignments, and binning of receivers

An inherent characteristic of high concentrator photovoltaics (HCPV) modules is a tight mechanical tolerance caused by the narrow angular transmission of the optical system, typically below or close to 1°. Misalignments in the modules caused during the assembly process in the production line will degrade not only the electrical but also the angular performance of the module. Moreover, dispersion in the electrical characteristics of the elementary units comprising a module would lead also to power loss. Quality control and data analysis on the production line is of great significance for adjusting the production line and preserving the angular tolerance and the electrical performance. This is particularly critical during the set-up and tuning of an automated production line. This paper presents the results of a pilot production line for HCPV modules carried out within the European funded ECOSOLE project. Several quality controls were established, which are the binning of the photovoltaic receivers, the measurement of misalignments among the elementary units within every module, and the indoor electrical characterization of the modules. Collected experimental data during the tuning phase of the pilot line were used to validate a module performance model based on production parameters. Monte Carlo method is lately applied to the model to assess the influence of production defects of diverse nature and the adequacy of quality controls, in several manufacturing scenarios beyond the specific constrains of the ECOSOLE experience
Steady-state and transient voltage stability analysis of a weak distribution system with a remote doubly fed induction generator-based wind farm

In modern, stressed distribution system, voltage stability is a major concern
from planning and operation perspectives. Remote wind farm connected to a
weak distribution system through a long line could adversely affect the voltage
stability of the respective distribution network. This paper investigates the transient
and steady-state voltage issues of a distribution network with a distant
doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind farm. Results show that a
distant DFIG-based wind farm could improve the voltage stability of a distribution
network with a large motor load in steady-state operating condition as well
as following disturbances, like three-phase faults, sudden load tripping, and
motor starting.http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)2050-0505hb2016Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineerin
Heterogeneous and homogenous catalysts for hydrogen generation by hydrolysis of aqueous sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solutions

This is an open access article published by the Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use,\ud
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.It is clear that in order to satisfy global energy demands whilst maintaining sustainable levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases, alternative energy sources are required. Due to its high chemical energy density and the benign by-product of its combustion reactions, hydrogen is one of the most promising of these. However, methods of hydrogen storage such as gas compression or liquefaction are not suitable for portable or automotive applications due to their low hydrogen storage densities. Accordingly, much research activity has been focused on finding higher density hydrogen storage methods. One such method is to generate hydrogen via the hydrolysis of aqueous sodium borohydride (NaBH4) solutions, and this has been heavily studied since the turn of the century due to its high theoretical hydrogen storage capacity (10.8 wt%) and relatively safe operation in comparison to other chemical hydrides. This makes it very attractive for use as a hydrogen generator, in particular for portable applications. Major factors affecting the hydrolysis reaction of aqueous NaBH4 include the performance of the catalyst, reaction temperature, NaBH4 concentration, stabilizer concentration, and the volume of the reaction solution. Catalysts based on noble metals, in particular ruthenium (Ru) and platinum (Pt), have been shown to be particularly efficient at rapid generation of hydrogen from aqueous NaBH4 solutions. However, given the scarcity and expense of such metals, a transition metal-based catalyst would be a desirable alternative, and thus much work has been conducted using cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni)-based materials to attempt to source a practical option. “Metal free” NaBH4 hydrolysis can also be achieved by the addition of aqueous acids such as hydrochloric acid (HCl) to solid NaBH4. This review summarizes the various catalysts which have been reported in the literature for the hydrolysis of NaBH4
An old solution to a new problem? Hydrogen generation by the reaction of ferrosilicon with aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, \ud
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.The chemical hydrogen storage properties of ferrosilicon were investigated. A \ud
hydrogen yield of ~4.75 wt.% (with respect to the mass of ferrosilicon) was \ud
estimated by the reaction of varying quantities of ferrosilicon with 5 mL of 40 wt.% \ud
sodium hydroxide solution. The reaction of ferrosilicon with aqueous sodium \ud
hydroxide solution to form hydrogen was found to have an activation energy of \ud
90.5 kJ mol\ud
−1\ud
 by means of an Arrhenius plot. It was observed that the induction \ud
period of the hydrogen generation reaction varies exponentially with temperature. \ud
Although this combination of high activation energy and a lengthy induction \ud
period at low temperatures reduces the attractiveness of ferrosilicon for portable \ud
hydrogen storage applications unless methods can be developed to accelerate the \ud
onset and rate of hydrogen generation, its low cost and widespread availability \ud
make it attractive for further studies focused on higher temperature stationary \ud
applications
Shale gas in North America and Europe

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, shale gas will provide half of the United States’ domestic gas by 2035. The United States has already moved from being one of the world's largest importers of gas to being self-sufficient in less than a decade, bringing hundreds of thousands of jobs and attracting back companies that long ago left America in search of cheap manufacturing costs. But the increase in shale gas extraction has also had an environmental cost. There is clear scientific evidence of leaking shale gas wells and induced earthquakes, and in some areas a population increasingly turning against the industry. The technology of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing that was developed in the United States is now being tried outside the United States, including in Europe, Argentina, and China. There are clear reasons why shale gas might be attractive to Europe. It may offer security of energy supply to some countries particularly dependent on Russian gas; it could stimulate growth and jobs; and it could supply a cleaner fuel than coal in power stations. However, prospective shale often underlies areas of high population density in Europe, and moreover, populations that are unfamiliar with onshore gas operations. The main challenge in Europe therefore is not mainly technological but for the industry to achieve a “social license” and for Government and regulations to be manifestly protecting the public and property
Modelling transverse dunes

Transverse dunes appear in regions of mainly unidirectional wind and high
sand availability. A dune model is extended to two dimensional calculation of
the shear stress. It is applied to simulate dynamics and morphology of
transverse dunes which seem to reach translational invariance and do not stop
growing. Hence, simulations of two dimensional dune fields have been performed.
Characteristic laws were found for the time evolution of transverse dunes.
Bagnold's law of the dune velocity is modified and reproduced. The interaction
between transverse dunes led to interesting results which conclude that small
dunes can pass through bigger ones.Comment: Submitted to Earth Surface Processes and Landform
Rainfall thresholds for shallow landsliding derived from pressure-head monitoring: cases with permeable and impermeable bedrocks in Boso Peninsula, Japan

Rainfall thresholds for shallow landslide initiation were determined for hillslopes with twotypes of bedrock, permeable sandstone and impermeable mudstone, in the Boso Peninsula,Japan. The pressure-head response to rainfall was monitored above a slip scarp due toearlier landslides. Multiple regression analysis estimated the rainfall thresholds for landslidingfrom the relation between the magnitude of the rainfall event and slope instability caused bythe increased pressure heads. The thresholds were expressed as critical combinations ofrainfall intensity and duration, incorporating the geotechnical properties of the hillslopematerials and also the slope hydrological processes. The permeable sandstone hillslope has agreater critical rainfall and hence a longer recurrence interval than the impermeable mudstonehillslope. This implies a lower potential for landsliding in sandstone hillslopes, correspondingto lower landslide activity
A new technique for non-destructive field measurement of rock-surface strength: an application of the Equotip hardness tester to weathering studies

Tafone-like depressions have developed on the Aoshima sandstone blocks used for a masonry bridge pier in the coastal spray zone. A thin layer of partial granular disintegration was found on the surface in depressions. To evaluate quantitatively the strength of the thin weathered layer, the hardness was measured at the surface of the sandstone blocks using both an Equotip hardness tester and an L-type Schmidt hammer. Comparison of the two testing results indicates that the Equotip hardness value is more sensitive in evaluating the strength of a thin layer of weathered surface rock than the Schmidt hardness value. By applying two methods, i.e. both the repeated impact method and the single impact method, the Equotip tester can evaluate the strengths of fresh internal and weathered surficial portions of rocks having a thin weathering layer. Comparison of the two strengths enables evaluation of strength reduction due to weathering
Surface lowering rates of uplifted limestone terraces

In Kikai-jima, south-western Japan, many pedestal rocks have developed on the surface ofHolocene raised coral-reef terraces with known dates of emergence. Pedestals are formedjust under boulders, which are considered to have been transported by tsunami and settledon a reef flat before emergence. On the assumption that boulders protect the underlyinglimestone terrace from rainfall solution, the rate of surface lowering of these limestoneterraces was evaluated from the height of pedestals and the period of their formation. Theresult showed that the mean lowering rate over 6000 years is 205 mm/ky
Effects of channel confinement on pioneer woody\ud
vegetation structure, composition and diversity\ud
along the River Drôme (SE France)

River embankments are one of the main causes of a loss in active channel movement. The knock-on effects of river channel stabilization include important shifts in the ecohydrological conditions in the protected zone behind embankments, which has already been well exemplified.\ud
However, few authors have attempted to investigate changes to pioneer units of vegetation colonizing the active channel following the construction of dikes. As a consequence we studied the structure, composition and diversity of pioneer vegetation units dominated by\ud
willow and poplar along the River Drôme in two adjacent, but contrasting, river reaches: an embanked reach and an unconstrained reach, each subject to the same flow regime, but offering very different hydrogeomorphological contexts for vegetation colonization. Our results clearly demonstrate that river embankments affect channel geometry. A reduction in channel width (from between 200 and 500 m to less than 100 m) leads to steeper elevational gradients with an overall coarser grain size and consequently drier overall conditions on colonizable landforms in the channelized reach. Pioneer vegetation responded by colonizing landforms at higher elevations above the low water mark and by occurring in smaller units within the channelized study reach. There was also a reduction in species diversity, a homogenization in vegetation unit structure and a predominance of more drought-tolerant ligneous species (P. nigra) in pioneer vegetation units in the channelized study reach
Spatial variability in the timing, nature and extent of channel response to typical human disturbance along the Upper Hunter River, New South Wales, Australia.

Prior to European settlement the Upper Hunter River near Muswellbrook, New South Wales was a passively meandering gravel-bed river of moderate sinuosity and relatively uniform channel width. Analyses of floodplain sedimentology, archival records, parish maps and aerial photographs document marked spatial variability in the pattern of channel change since European settlement in the 1820s. Different types, rates and extents of change are reported for seven zones of adjustment along an 8 km study reach. This variable adjustment reflects imposed antecedent controls (buried terrace material and bedrock), which have significantly influenced local variability in river sensitivity to change, as well as contemporary morphodynamics and geomorphic complexity. Local variability in system responses to disturbance has important implications for future river management and rehabilitation.Full Tex