pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Geometric invariant theory of syzygies, with applications to moduli
  spaces

We define syzygy points of projective schemes, and introduce a program of
studying their GIT stability. Then we describe two cases where we have managed
to make some progress in this program, that of polarized K3 surfaces of odd
genus, and of genus six canonical curves. Applications of our results include
effectivity statements for divisor classes on the moduli space of odd genus K3
surfaces, and a new construction in the Hassett-Keel program for the moduli
space of genus six curves.Comment: v1: 23 pages, submitted to the Proceedings of the Abel Symposium
  2017, v2: final version, corrects a sign error and resulting divisor class
  calculations on the moduli space of K3 surfaces in Section 5, other minor
  changes, In: Christophersen J., Ranestad K. (eds) Geometry of Moduli.
  Abelsymposium 2017. Abel Symposia, vol 14. Springer, Cha
Operads of Wiring Diagrams

This monograph is a comprehensive study of the combinatorial structure of
various operads of wiring diagrams and undirected wiring diagrams. Our first
main objective is to prove a finite presentation theorem for each operad of
wiring diagrams, describing each one in terms of just a few operadic generators
and a small number of generating relations. For example, the operad of wiring
diagrams has 8 generators and 28 generating relations, while the operad of
undirected wiring diagrams has 6 generators and 17 generating relations. Our
second main objective is to prove a corresponding finite presentation theorem
for algebras over each operad of wiring diagrams. As applications we provide
finite presentations for the propagator algebra, the algebra of discrete
systems, the algebra of open dynamical systems, and the (typed) relational
algebra. We also provide a partial verification of Spivak's conjecture
regarding the quotient-freeness of the relational algebra. Our third main
objective is to construct explicit operad maps among the several operads of
wiring diagrams. In particular, there is a surjective operad map from the
operad of all wiring diagrams, including delay nodes, to the operad of
undirected wiring diagrams.
  This monograph is intended for graduate students, mathematicians, scientists,
and engineers interested in operads and wiring diagrams. Assuming no prior
knowledge of categories, operads, and wiring diagrams, this monograph is
self-contained and can be used as a supplement in a graduate course and for
independent study. There are over 100 graphical illustrations and a chapter
with a list of problems.Comment: 302 pages. Substantially revised. New material includes: (i) a
  reading guide in the introduction of each of the three parts; (ii) a chapter
  summary at the end of each chapter from Ch.2 to Ch.13; (iii) new Ch.15 on
  Further Reading; (iv) 30 new examples, 36 new pictures, and 27 new paragraphs
  of motivatio
A Review of Residential Water Consumption Determinants

Water supply sectors are facing higher uncertainty in both resource
availability and consumer demand. Future conservation programs require a full
understanding of underlying factors of residential water consumption. However,
previous studies have only considered one or several groups of factors without
putting them all together in a bigger picture. This study was developed to provide
a comprehensive view on these determinants and their relationships, as well as to
discuss current gaps and possible directions. Determinants are categorized into
six groups: (1) Economic; (2) Socio-demographic; (3) Physical properties; (4)
Technological; (5) Climatic; and (6) Spatial drivers. All these determinants produce
a very complex picture with many possible interrelationships. This nature,
in one hand, poses challenges in selecting suitable technique to avoid autocorrelation,
but on the other hand, provides chances to substitute unavailable important
data with proxy variables. We have emphasized the lack of regional and cultural
diversity in current studies, as most of them were carried out in developed and
arid areas. Hence, a wider range of country specific and local-based studies is
needed to better reflect the determinants and their relationships in diverse contexts.
In future studies, a broader assessment scope taking into account effects
such as feedback loop, spillover, and rebound should also be considered. In addition,
these studies must deal with modern issues such as balancing between
smart monitoring device utilization and consumer privacy.Peer reviewe
Zeta integrals, Schwartz spaces and local functional equations

According to Sakellaridis, many zeta integrals in the theory of automorphic
forms can be produced or explained by appropriate choices of a Schwartz space
of test functions on a spherical homogeneous space, which are in turn dictated
by the geometry of affine spherical embeddings. We pursue this perspective by
developing a local counterpart and try to explicate the functional equations.
These constructions are also related to the $L^2$-spectral decomposition of
spherical homogeneous spaces in view of the Gelfand-Kostyuchenko method. To
justify this viewpoint, we prove the convergence of $p$-adic local zeta
integrals under certain premises, work out the case of prehomogeneous vector
spaces and re-derive a large portion of Godement-Jacquet theory. Furthermore,
we explain the doubling method and show that it fits into the paradigm of
$L$-monoids developed by L. Lafforgue, B. C. Ngo et al., by reviewing the
constructions of Braverman and Kazhdan (2002). In the global setting, we give
certain speculations about global zeta integrals, Poisson formulas and their
relation to period integrals.Comment: Added section 7.5. Published as the volume 2228 of Springer Lecture
  Notes in Mathematic
Ptolemy-HLA: A Cyber-Physical System Distributed Simulation Framework

The Ptolemy-HLA distributed co-simulation framework leverages two open source tools, Ptolemy II and HLA/CERTI, for the simulation of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS). This framework enables dealing with three important issues: (1) Distribution of a simulation, allowing to scale up models and performance; (2) Interoperability of tools, allowing reusability and interfacing with other simulators or real devices/systems; (3) Heterogeneous simulations (discrete events, continuous time). The framework extends Ptolemy both, by coordinating the time advance of various Ptolemy instances, and by allowing data communication between them with the help of HLA management services. These additions enable the creation of HLA federates (i.e., simulators) in a Federation (i.e., a distributed simulation) in an easy way, since the user does not need to be an HLA specialist in order to design a Federate. The paper presents the new components added to Ptolemy, some semantic issues, an application example and performance analysis
Human factors and ergonomics design principles and guidelines : helping designers to be more creative

This is a pre-copyedited version of a contribution published in: Proceedings of the 20th
Congress of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA 2018). IEA 2018. Advances in
Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 824, edited by Bagnara S., Tartaglia R., Albolino S.,
Alexander T., Fujita Y., published by Springer, Cham. The definitive authenticated version is
available online via https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96071-5_17.The knowledge and application of Human Factors/Ergonomics (HFE) principles and guidelines can help
designers to develop better products and services. However, they may also include design constraints
that may affect designers’ creativity. Although both HFE principles and guidelines and creativity are
considered essential in the design of products and services, the link between them is little researched.
In this article a discussion is presented on the influence that HFE principles and guidelines can exert on
the creativity of designers. It also presents case studies of HFE principles and guidelines and discusses
how they can influence designers’ creativity. In addition, a set of recommendations is suggested to help
designers apply ergonomic design principles and guidelines to stimulate creativity. It is concluded that
HFE principles and guidelines can assist designers in creating safer and more efficient products and
services and can also broaden their creative process and therefore the originality and appropriateness
of products and services
Influence of the SIPG penalisation on the numerical properties of linear
  systems for elastic wave propagation

Interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin discretisations (IPDG) and especially
the symmetric variant (SIPG) for time-domain wave propagation problems are
broadly accepted and widely used due to their advantageous properties. Linear
systems with block structure arise by applying space-time discretisations and
reducing the global system to time-slab problems. The design of efficient and
robust iterative solvers for linear systems from interior penalty
discretisations for hyperbolic wave equations is still a challenging task and
relies on understanding the properties of the systems. In this work the
numerical properties such as the condition number and the distribution of
eigenvalues of different representations of the linear systems coming from
space-time discretisations for elastic wave propagation are numerically
studied. These properties for interior penalty discretisations depend on the
penalisation and on the time interval length
Francy - an interactive discrete mathematics framework for GAP

Funding: European Union project Open Digital Research Environment Toolkit for the Advancement of Mathematics (EC Horizon 2020 project 676541, 01/09/2015-31/08/2019).Data visualization and interaction with large data sets is known to be essential and critical in many businesses today, and the same applies to research and teaching, in this case, when exploring large and complex mathematical objects. GAP is a computer algebra system for computational discrete algebra with an emphasis on computational group theory. The existing XGAP package for GAP works exclusively on the X Window System. It lacks abstraction between its mathematical and graphical cores, making it difficult to extend, maintain, or port. In this paper, we present Francy, a graphical semantics package for GAP. Francy is responsible for creating a representational structure that can be rendered using many GUI frameworks independent from any particular programming language or operating system. Building on this, we use state of the art web technologies that take advantage of an improved REPL environment, which is currently under development for GAP. The integration of this project with Jupyter provides a rich graphical environment full of features enhancing the usability and accessibility of GAP.Postprin
Brave new worlds? 150 years of Irish suburban evolution

This chapter presents a concise overview of the evolution and development of Irish suburbia from the nineteenth century to the present. As well as charting the changing nature, form, function and meaning of the Irish suburb, the chapter also recognises key phases in its development that reflect social, political and economic change. It reveals that while the growth and development of Irish suburbia largely mirrors the American and British experience, Irish suburbia has its own particular character and unique cultures
Combined parameter and model reduction of cardiovascular problems by
  means of active subspaces and POD-Galerkin methods

In this chapter we introduce a combined parameter and model reduction
methodology and present its application to the efficient numerical estimation
of a pressure drop in a set of deformed carotids. The aim is to simulate a wide
range of possible occlusions after the bifurcation of the carotid. A parametric
description of the admissible deformations, based on radial basis functions
interpolation, is introduced. Since the parameter space may be very large, the
first step in the combined reduction technique is to look for active subspaces
in order to reduce the parameter space dimension. Then, we rely on model order
reduction methods over the lower dimensional parameter subspace, based on a
POD-Galerkin approach, to further reduce the required computational effort and
enhance computational efficiency
The metric structure of linear codes

Producción CientíficaThe bilinear form with associated identity matrix is used in coding  theory to define the dual code of a linear code, also it endows linear codes with a metric space structure. This metric structure was studied for generalized toric codes and a characteristic decomposition was obtained, which led to several applications as the construction of stabilizer quantum codes and LCD codes. In this work, we use the study of bilinear forms over a finite field to give a decomposition of an arbitrary linear code similar to the one obtained for generalized toric codes. Such a decomposition, called the geometric decomposition of a linear code, can be obtained in a constructive way; it allows us to express easily the dual code of a linear code and provides a method to construct stabilizer quantum codes, LCD codes and in some cases, a method to estimate their minimum distance. The proofs for  characteristic 2 are different, but they are developed in parallel.The author gratefully acknowledges the support from RYC-2016-20208 (AEI/FSE/UE), the support from The Danish Council for Independent Research (Grant No. DFF-4002-00367), and the support from the Spanish MINECO/FEDER (Grants No. MTM2015-65764-C3-2-P and MTM2015-69138-REDT)
What can spin glass theory and analogies tell us about ferroic glasses?

As well as several different kinds of periodically ordered ferroic phases,
there are now recognized several different examples of ferroic glassiness,
although not always described as such and in material fields of study that have
mostly been developed separately. In this chapter an attempt is made to
indicate common conceptual origins and features, observed or anticipated.
Throughout, this aim is pursued through the use of simple models, in an attempt
to determine probable fundamental origins within a larger picture of greater
complication, and analogies between systems in different areas, both
experimental and theoretical, in the light of significant progress in spin
glass understanding.Comment: Commissioned for Frustrated Materials and Ferroic Glasses (eds: Turab
  Lookman and Xiaobing Ren), 2017, Springer Series in Materials Scienc
Metric operators, generalized hermiticity and partial inner product spaces

A quasi-Hermitian operator is an operator in a Hilbert space that is similar to its adjoint in some sense, via a metric operator, i.e., a strictly positive self-adjoint operator. Motivated by the recent developments of pseudo-Hermitian quantum mechanics, we analyze the structure of metric operators, bounded or unbounded, in a Hilbert space. We introduce several generalizations of the notion of similarity between operators and explore to what extent they preserve spectral properties. Next we consider canonical lattices of Hilbert spaces generated by unbounded metric operators. Since such lattices constitute the simplest case of a partial inner product space (PIP space), we can exploit the technique of PIP space operators. Thus we apply some of the previous results to operators on a particular PIP space, namely, the scale of Hilbert spaces generated by a single metric operator. Finally, we reformulate the notion of pseudo-hermitian operators in the preceding formalism
The Yukawa Model in One Space - One Time Dimensions

The Yukawa Model is revisited in one space - one time dimensions in an
approach completely different to those available in the literature. We show
that at the classical level it is a constrained system. We apply the Dirac
method of quantization of constrained systems. Then by means of the
bosonization procedure we uniformize the Hamiltonian at the quantum level in
terms of a pseudo-scalar field and the chiral components of a real scalar
field.Comment: 6 pages, to appear in "Mathematical Structures and Applications, Eds.
  B. Toni and T. Diagana, Springer STEAM-H series" (In honor of Professor
  Mahouton Norbert Hounkonnou
Combination of searches for heavy resonances decaying into bosonic and leptonic final states using 36 fb −1 of proton-proton collision data at √s =13  TeV with the ATLAS detector

Searches for new heavy resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as directly into leptons, are presented using a data sample corresponding to 36.1fb −1   of pp  collisions at √s = 13 TeV collected during 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Analyses selecting bosonic decay modes in the qqqq,ννqq,ℓνqq, ℓℓqq,ℓνℓν,ℓℓνν,ℓνℓℓ,ℓℓℓℓ,qqbb,ννbb,ℓνbb,and ℓℓbb final states are combined, searching for a narrow-width resonance. Likewise, analyses selecting the leptonic ℓν  and ℓℓ  final states are also combined. These two sets of analyses are then further combined. No significant deviation from the Standard Model predictions is observed. Three benchmark models are tested: a model predicting the existence of a new heavy scalar singlet, a simplified model predicting a heavy vector-boson triplet, and a bulk Randall-Sundrum model with a heavy spin-2 Kaluza-Klein excitation of the graviton. Cross-section limits are set at the 95% confidence level using an asymptotic approximation and are compared with predictions for the benchmark models. These limits are also expressed in terms of constraints on couplings of the heavy vector-boson triplet to quarks, leptons, and the Higgs boson. The data exclude a heavy vector-boson triplet with mass below 5.5 TeV in a weakly coupled scenario and 4.5 TeV in a strongly coupled scenario, as well as a Kaluza-Klein graviton with mass below 2.3 TeV
Information Geometry of Quantum Resources

I review recent works showing that information geometry is a useful framework
to characterize quantum coherence and entanglement. Quantum systems exhibit
peculiar properties which cannot be justified by classical physics, e.g.
quantum coherence and quantum correlations. Once confined to thought
experiments, they are nowadays created and manipulated by exerting an exquisite
experimental control of atoms, molecules and photons. It is important to
identify and quantify such quantum features, as they are deemed to be key
resources to achieve supraclassical performances in computation and
communication protocols. The information geometry viewpoint elucidates the
advantage provided by quantum superpositions in phase estimation. Also, it
enables to link measures of coherence and entanglement to observables, which
can be evaluated in a laboratory by a limited number of measurements.Comment: Contribution to Information Geometry and Its Applications proceeding
Characterising two-sided quantum correlations beyond entanglement via
  metric-adjusted f-correlations

We introduce an infinite family of quantifiers of quantum correlations beyond
entanglement which vanish on both classical-quantum and quantum-classical
states and are in one-to-one correspondence with the metric-adjusted skew
informations. The `quantum $f-$correlations' are defined as the maximum
metric-adjusted $f-$correlations between pairs of local observables with the
same fixed equispaced spectrum. We show that these quantifiers are entanglement
monotones when restricted to pure states of qubit-qudit systems. We also
evaluate the quantum $f-$correlations in closed form for two-qubit systems and
discuss their behaviour under local commutativity preserving channels. We
finally provide a physical interpretation for the quantifier corresponding to
the average of the Wigner-Yanase-Dyson skew informations.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure. Published versio
A Process Framework Combining Safety and Security: In Practice

Cyber-Physical-Systems provide huge potential for delivering highly effective solutions for multiple safety critical domains such as health, automotive, sports etc. Given the complexity of cyber physical systems, it is important to ensure the safety and security of such systems. Failure of such systems could result in potential harm to people and temporary downtime of important infrastructures with detrimental consequences for industry and society. This article describes a safety and security framework that could be implemented when building cyber physical systems for the safety critical medical device domain. We also provide details of how this framework was implemented in an organisation, STATSports Group, which develops cyber physical systems for performance monitoring of elite athletes to the specification required. \ud
Keywords: Safety Critical Domain, Cyber Physical Systems, Security, MDevSPICE.\u
Active Digiage? : Desirable Futures for Aging People

The changing age structure of population, with its growing number of ageing people, is a worldwide phenomenon among industrialized countries, and Finland is not an exception. This has implications for swiftly rising healthcare and social welfare costs, but also for new type of demand in related services, and thus creates business opportunities for Finnish know-how. Through qualitative semi-structured interviews this research builds understanding on the desires, needs and challenges that the ageing people have in their every-day life and especially in their use of digital technology and different kinds of digital services. This will further provide insight for the service creation for the needs of elderly people in Finland. The results presented in this paper are part of a larger research project, of which this paper represents the pilot study phase
Learning Functional Causal Models with Generative Neural Networks

We introduce a new approach to functional causal modeling from observational
data, called Causal Generative Neural Networks (CGNN). CGNN leverages the power
of neural networks to learn a generative model of the joint distribution of the
observed variables, by minimizing the Maximum Mean Discrepancy between
generated and observed data. An approximate learning criterion is proposed to
scale the computational cost of the approach to linear complexity in the number
of observations. The performance of CGNN is studied throughout three
experiments. Firstly, CGNN is applied to cause-effect inference, where the task
is to identify the best causal hypothesis out of $X\rightarrow Y$ and
$Y\rightarrow X$. Secondly, CGNN is applied to the problem of identifying
v-structures and conditional independences. Thirdly, CGNN is applied to
multivariate functional causal modeling: given a skeleton describing the direct
dependences in a set of random variables $\textbf{X} = [X_1, \ldots, X_d]$,
CGNN orients the edges in the skeleton to uncover the directed acyclic causal
graph describing the causal structure of the random variables. On all three
tasks, CGNN is extensively assessed on both artificial and real-world data,
comparing favorably to the state-of-the-art. Finally, CGNN is extended to
handle the case of confounders, where latent variables are involved in the
overall causal model.Comment: Explainable and Interpretable Models in Computer Vision and Machine
  Learning. Springer Series on Challenges in Machine Learning. 2018. Cham:
  Springer International Publishin