pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Constraining compressed versions of MUED and MSSM using soft tracks at
  the LHC

A compressed spectrum is an anticipated hideout for many beyond standard
model scenarios. Such a spectrum naturally arises in the minimal universal
extra dimension framework and also in supersymmetric scenarios. Low $p_T$
leptons and jets are characteristic features of such situations. Hence, a
monojet with $\not E_T$ has been the conventional signal at the Large Hadron
Collider (LHC). However, we stress that inclusion of $p_T$-binned track
observables from such soft objects provide very efficient discrimination of new
physics signals against various SM backgrounds. We consider two benchmark
points each for minimal universal extra dimension (MUED) and minimal
supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) scenarios. We perform a detailed cut-based
and multivariate analysis (MVA) to show that the new physics parameter space
can be probed in the ongoing run of LHC at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy with an
integrated luminosity $\sim$ 20-50 fb$^{-1}$. When studied in conjunction with
the dark matter relic density constraint assuming standard cosmology, we find
that compressed MUED (with $\Lambda R=2$) can be already excluded from the
existing data. Also, MVA turns out to be a better technique than regular
cut-based analysis since tracks provide uncorrelated observables which would
extract more information from an event.Comment: 26 pages, 7 figures. Minor modifications in the text, references
  added, accepted for publication in JHE
An extremization principle for the entropy of rotating BPS black holes
  in AdS$_5$

We show that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of a class of BPS electrically
charged rotating black holes in AdS$_5\times S^5$ can be obtained by a simple
extremization principle. We expect that this extremization corresponds to the
attractor mechanism for BPS rotating black holes in five-dimensional gauged
supergravity, which is still unknown. The expression to be extremized has a
suggestive resemblance to anomaly polynomials and the supersymmetric Casimir
energy recently studied for $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills.Comment: 27 pages; v2: refs added; v3: ref adde
Supernovae and Weinberg's Higgs Portal Dark Radiation and Dark Matter

The observed burst duration and energies of the neutrinos from Supernova
1987A strongly limit the possibility of any weakly-interacting light particle
species being produced in the proto-neutron star (PNS) core and leading to
efficient energy loss. We reexamine this constraint on Weinberg's Higgs portal
model, in which the dark radiation particles (the Goldstone bosons) and the
dark matter candidate (a Majorana fermion) interact with Standard Model (SM)
fields solely through the mixing of the SM Higgs boson and a light Higgs boson.
In order for the Goldstone bosons to freely stream out of the PNS core region,
the Higgs portal coupling has to be about a factor of $4$--$9$ smaller than the
current collider bound inferred from the SM Higgs invisible decay width. We
find that in the energy loss rate calculations, results obtained by using the
one-pion exchange (OPE) approximation and the SP07 global fits for the
nucleon-nucleon total elastic cross section differ only by a factor $\lesssim
3$. The SN 1987A constraints surpass those set by laboratory experiments or by
the energy loss arguments in other astrophysical objects such as the gamma-ray
bursts, even with other nuclear uncertainties taken into account. Furthermore,
the SN 1987A constraints are comparable to bounds from the latest dark matter
direct search for low-mass WIMPs ($\lesssim 10~\Gev$.)Comment: 30 pages, 10 figure
Leading Order Anomalous Dimensions at the Wilson-Fisher Fixed Point from
  CFT

In this paper we consider $\phi^4$ theory in $4-\epsilon$ dimensions at the
Wilson-Fisher fixed point where the theory becomes conformal. We extend the
method in arXiv:1505.00963 for calculating the leading order term in the
anomalous dimensions of some operators with spin. This method involves mostly
symmetry arguments and reduces the process for calculating anomalous dimensions
to some Wick contractions in the corresponding free theory. We apply this
method in the case of operators with two and three fields whose twist is equal
to the number of fields they contain, and we rederive known results for their
anomalous dimensions. We also calculate the leading term in the anomalous
dimensions of operators with spin two and three. In addition, we find
expressions for the primary operators of the free theory, for arbitrary spin
and number of fields, whose twist remains equal to the number of fields.Comment: 34 page
ADHM Construction of (Anti-)Self-dual Instantons in $4n$ Dimensions

The ADHM construction is a very strong scheme to construct the instantons in
four dimensions. We study an ADHM construction of instantons in $4n~(n\geq2)$
dimensions by generalizing this scheme. The higher-dimensional ADHM
construction generates the $4n$-dimensional (anti-)self-dual instantons which
satisfy the (anti-)self-dual equation in $4n$ dimensions:
$F(n)=\pm\ast_{4n}F(n)$. Here $F(n)$ is the $n$th wedge products of the gauge
field strength 2-form $F$. We also show that our scheme reproduces the known
$4n$-dimensional one-instantons and there are multi-instanton solutions of the
't Hooft type in the dilute instanton gas limit. Moreover we discuss a
Harrington-Shepard type caloron in $4n$ dimensions and this monopole limit.Comment: 23 pages, published versio
Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory as Higher Chern-Simons Theory

We observe that the string field theory actions for the topological sigma
models describe higher or categorified Chern-Simons theories. These theories
yield dynamical equations for connective structures on higher principal
bundles. As a special case, we consider holomorphic higher Chern-Simons theory
on the ambitwistor space of four-dimensional space-time. In particular, we
propose a higher ambitwistor space action functional for maximally
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.Comment: v2: 25 pages, conventions improved, typos fixed, published versio
Dual Little Strings from F-Theory and Flop Transitions

A particular two-parameter class of little string theories can be described
by $M$ parallel M5-branes probing a transverse affine $A_{N-1}$ singularity. We
previously discussed the duality between the theories labelled by $(N,M)$ and
$(M,N)$. In this work, we propose that these two are in fact only part of a
larger web of dual theories. We provide evidence that the theories labelled by
$(N,M)$ and $(\tfrac{NM}{k},k)$ are dual to each other, where
$k=\text{gcd}(N,M)$. To argue for this duality, we use a geometric realization
of these little string theories in terms of F-theory compactifications on
toric, non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds $X_{N,M}$ which have a double elliptic
fibration structure. We show explicitly for a number of examples that
$X_{NM/k,k}$ is part of the extended moduli space of $X_{N,M}$, i.e. the two
are related through symmetry transformations and flop transitions. By working
out the full duality map, we provide a simple check at the level of the free
energy of the little string theories.Comment: 69 page
Minimal conformal extensions of the Higgs sector

In this work we find the minimal extension of the Standard Model's Higgs
sector which can lead to a light Higgs boson via radiative symmetry breaking
and is consistent with the phenomenological requirements for a low-energy
realization of a conformal theory. The model which turns out to be stable under
renormalization group translations is an extension of the Standard Model by two
scalar fields, one of which acquires a finite vacuum expectation value and
therefore mixes into the physical Higgs. We find that the minimal model
predicts a sizable amount of mixing which makes it testable at a collider. In
addition to the physical Higgs, the theory's scalar spectrum contains one light
and one heavy boson. The heavy scalar's properties render it a potential dark
matter candidate.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures. Added section on "Embedding into semiclassical
  gravity", main results remain unchanged, version published in JHE
From 4d Ambitwistor Strings to On Shell Diagrams and Back

We investigate the relation between 4d ambitwistor string theory and on-shell
diagrams for planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills and N=8 supergravity, and deduce
several new results about their scattering amplitudes at tree-level and 1-loop.
In particular, we derive new Grassmannian integral formulae for tree-level
amplitudes and obtain new worldsheet formulae for 1-loop amplitudes which are
manifestly supersymmetric and supported on scattering equations refined by MHV
degree.Comment: v3. minor changes, published in JHE
Simplified D=11 Pure Spinor b Ghost

A $b$-ghost was constructed for the $D=11$ non-minimal pure spinor
superparticle by requiring that $\{Q , b\} = T$ where $Q =
\Lambda^{\alpha}D_{\alpha} + R^{\alpha}\bar{W}_{\alpha}$ is the usual
non-minimal pure spinor BRST operator. As was done for the $D=10$ $b$-ghost, we
will show that the $D=11$ $b$-ghost can be simplified by introducing an
$SO(10,1)$ fermionic vector $\bar{\Sigma}^{i}$ constructed out of the fermionic
spinor $D_{\alpha}$ and pure spinor variables. This simplified version will be
shown to satisfy $\{Q, b\} = T$ and $\{b , b\} =$ BRST - trivial.Comment: 47 pages. Added reference
Involutive representations of coordinate algebras and quantum spaces

We show that $\frak{su}(2)$ Lie algebras of coordinate operators related to
quantum spaces with $\frak{su}(2)$ noncommutativity can be conveniently
represented by $SO(3)$-covariant poly-differential involutive representations.
We show that the quantized plane waves obtained from the quantization map
action on the usual exponential functions are determined by polar decomposition
of operators combined with constraint stemming from the Wigner theorem for
$SU(2)$. Selecting a subfamily of $^*$-representations, we show that the
resulting star-product is equivalent to the Kontsevich product for the Poisson
manifold dual to the finite dimensional Lie algebra $\mathfrak{su}(2)$. We
discuss the results, indicating a way to extend the construction to any
semi-simple non simply connected Lie group and present noncommutative scalar
field theories which are free from perturbative UV/IR mixing.Comment: 29 pages, several paragraphs added, published in JHE
Predictive Pati-Salam theory of fermion masses and mixing

We propose a Pati-Salam extension of the standard model incorporating a
flavor symmetry based on the $\Delta \left( 27\right)$ group. The theory
realizes a realistic Froggatt-Nielsen picture of quark mixing and a predictive
pattern of neutrino oscillations. We find that, for normal neutrino mass
ordering, the atmospheric angle must lie in the higher octant, CP must be
violated in oscillations, and there is a lower bound for the $0\nu\beta\beta$
decay rate. For the case of inverted mass ordering, we find that the lower
atmospheric octant is preferred, and that CP can be conserved in oscillations.
Neutrino masses arise from a low-scale seesaw mechanism, whose messengers can
be produced by a $Z^{\prime }$ portal at the LHC.Comment: 28 pages, 3 figures, published versio
A Chern-Simons Pandemic

In this paper we study the consistency of generalized global symmetries in
theories of quantum gravity, in particular string theory. Such global
symmetries arise in theories with $(p+1)$-form gauge fields, and for spacetime
dimension $d\leq p+3$ there are obstructions to their breaking even by quantum
effects of charged objects. In 4d theories with a 2-form gauge field (or with
an axion scalar), these fields endow Schwarzschild black holes with quantum
hair, a global charge leading to usual trouble with remnants. We describe
precise mechanisms, and examples from string compactifications and holographic
pairs, in which these problems are evaded by either gauging or breaking the
global symmetry, via (suitable versions of) Stuckelberg or Kaloper-Sorbo
couplings. We argue that even in the absence of such couplings, the generic
solution in string theory is the breaking of the global symmetries by cubic
Chern-Simons terms involving different antisymmetric tensor fields. We
conjecture that any theory with (standard or higher-degree antisymmetric
tensor) gauge fields is in the Swampland unless its effective action includes
such Chern-Simons terms. This conjecture implies that many familiar theories,
like QED (even including the charged particles required by the Weak Gravity
Conjecture) or $\mathcal{N}=8$ supergravity in four dimensions, are
inconsistent in quantum gravity unless they are completed by these Chern-Simons
terms.Comment: 60 pages, 2 figure
Yukawa enhancement of $Z$-mediated New Physics in $\Delta S = 2$ and
  $\Delta B = 2$ Processes

We discuss Yukawa-enhanced contributions from $Z$-mediated new physics to
down-type quark $\Delta F=2$ processes in the framework of the standard model
gauge-invariant effective theory (SMEFT). Besides the renormalization group
(RG) mixing of the $Z$-mediating $\psi^2 H^2 D$ operators into $\Delta F = 2$
operators, we include at the electroweak scale one-loop (NLO) matching
corrections consistently, necessary for the removal of the matching scale
dependence. We point out that the right-handed $Z$-mediated interactions
generate through Yukawa RG mixing $\Delta F=2$ left-right operators, which are
further enhanced through QCD RG effects and chirally enhanced hadronic matrix
elements. We investigate the impact of these new effects on the known
correlations between $\Delta F=2$ and $\Delta F=1$ transitions in the SMEFT
framework and point out qualitative differences to previous parameterizations
of $Z$-mediated new physics that arise for the left-handed case. We illustrate
how specific models fit into our model-independent framework by using four
models with vector-like quarks. We carry out model-independent analyses of
scenarios with purely left-handed and purely right-handed new-physics $Z$
couplings for each of the three sectors $s\to d$, $b\to s$ and $b\to d$.
Specifically we discuss the correlations between $\varepsilon'/\varepsilon$,
$\varepsilon_K$, $K_L\to \mu^+\mu^-$ $K^+\to \pi^+\nu\bar\nu$ and
$K_L\to\pi^0\nu\bar\nu$ in the Kaon sector, and $\phi_s$, $B_s\to\mu^+\mu^-$
and $B\to K^{(*)} (\mu^+\mu^-, \nu\bar\nu)$ in the $b\to s$ sector and
$B_d\to\mu^+\mu^-$ in the $b\to d$ sector.Comment: 40 pages, 11 figures; v2: 2nd plot in figure 2 and references added,
  comparison with v2 of 1612.08839, conclusion unchanged; v3: improvements on
  text and presentation, matches published versio
Saxion Cosmology for Thermalized Gravitino Dark Matter

In all supersymmetric theories, gravitinos, with mass suppressed by the
Planck scale, are an obvious candidate for dark matter; but if gravitinos ever
reached thermal equilibrium, such dark matter is apparently either too abundant
or too hot, and is excluded. However, in theories with an axion, a saxion
condensate is generated during an early era of cosmological history and its
late decay dilutes dark matter. We show that such dilution allows previously
thermalized gravitinos to account for the observed dark matter over very wide
ranges of gravitino mass, keV < $m_{3/2}$ < TeV, axion decay constant, $10^9$
GeV < $f_a$ < $10^{16}$ GeV, and saxion mass, 10 MeV < $m_s$ < 100 TeV.
Constraints on this parameter space are studied from BBN, supersymmetry
breaking, gravitino and axino production from freeze-in and saxion decay, and
from axion production from both misalignment and parametric resonance
mechanisms. Large allowed regions of $(m_{3/2}, f_a, m_s)$ remain, but differ
for DFSZ and KSVZ theories. Superpartner production at colliders may lead to
events with displaced vertices and kinks, and may contain saxions decaying to
$(WW,ZZ,hh), gg, \gamma \gamma$ or a pair of Standard Model fermions. Freeze-in
may lead to a sub-dominant warm component of gravitino dark matter, and saxion
decay to axions may lead to dark radiation.Comment: 30 pages, 4 figure
Recrudescence of massive fermion production by oscillons

In this letter we bring together the physics of preheating, following a
period of inflation, and the dynamics of non-topological solitons, namely
oscillons. We show that the oscillating condensate that makes up an oscillon
can be an efficient engine for producing heavy fermions, just as a homogeneous
condensate is known for doing the same. This then allows heavy fermions to be
produced when the energy scale of the Universe has dropped below the scale
naturally associated to the fermions.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures. Included new data, and references. Version
  accepted for publication in JHE
Entanglement Entropy in Integrable Field Theories with Line Defects I.
  Topological Defect

In this paper and a companion one, we study the effect of integrable line
defects on entanglement entropy in massive integrable field theories in 1+1
dimensions. The current paper focuses on topological defects that are purely
transmissive. Using the form factor bootstrap method, we show that topological
defects do not affect the the entanglement entropy in the UV limit and modify
slightly the leading exponential correction in the IR. This conclusion holds
for both unitary and non-unitary field theories. In contrast, non-topological
defects affect the entanglement entropy more significantly both in UV and IR
limit and will be studied in the companion paper.Comment: 30 pages, references added, typos correcte
Type II String Theory on Calabi-Yau Manifolds with Torsion and
  Non-Abelian Discrete Gauge Symmetries

We provide the first explicit example of Type IIB string theory
compactification on a globally defined Calabi-Yau threefold with torsion which
results in a four-dimensional effective theory with a non-Abelian discrete
gauge symmetry. Our example is based on a particular Calabi-Yau manifold, the
quotient of a product of three elliptic curves by a fixed point free action of
Z_2 x Z_2. Its cohomology contains torsion classes in various degrees. The main
technical novelty is in determining the multiplicative structure of the
(torsion part of) the cohomology ring, and in particular showing that the cup
product of second cohomology torsion elements goes non-trivially to the fourth
cohomology. This specifies a non-Abelian, Heisenberg-type discrete symmetry
group of the four-dimensional theory.Comment: 17 page
The impact of the LHC Z-boson transverse momentum data on PDF
  determinations

The LHC has recently released precise measurements of the transverse momentum
distribution of the Z-boson that provide a unique constraint on the structure
of the proton. Theoretical developments now allow the prediction of these
observables through next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in perturbative QCD.
In this work we study the impact of incorporating these latest advances into a
determination of parton distribution functions (PDFs) through NNLO including
the recent ATLAS and CMS 7 TeV and 8 TeV $p_T^Z$ data. We investigate the
consistency of these measurements in a global fit to the available data and
quantify the impact of including the $p_T^Z$ distributions on the PDFs. The
inclusion of these new data sets significantly reduces the uncertainties on
select parton distributions and the corresponding parton-parton luminosities.
In particular, we find that the $p_T^Z$ data ultimately leads to a reduction of
the PDF uncertainty on the gluon-fusion and vector-boson fusion Higgs
production cross sections by about 30%, while keeping the central values nearly
unchanged.Comment: 36 pages, 18 figure
Higher spins on AdS$_{3}$ from the worldsheet

It was recently shown that the CFT dual of string theory on ${\rm AdS}_3
\times {\rm S}^3 \times T^4$, the symmetric orbifold of $T^4$, contains a
closed higher spin subsector. Via holography, this makes precise the sense in
which tensionless string theory on this background contains a Vasiliev higher
spin theory. In this paper we study this phenomenon directly from the
worldsheet. Using the WZW description of the background with pure NS-NS flux,
we identify the states that make up the leading Regge trajectory and show that
they fit into the even spin ${\cal N}=4$ Vasiliev higher spin theory. We also
show that these higher spin states do not become massless, except for the
somewhat singular case of level $k=1$ where the theory contains a stringy tower
of massless higher spin fields coming from the long string sector.Comment: 29+8 pages, 3 figure
A study of jet mass distributions with grooming

We perform a phenomenological study of the invariant mass distribution of
hadronic jets produced in proton-proton collisions, in conjunction a grooming
algorithm. In particular, we consider the modified MassDrop Tagger (mMDT),
which corresponds to Soft Drop with angular exponent $\beta=0$. Our
calculation, which is differential in both jet mass and jet transverse
momentum, resums large logarithms of the jet mass, including the full
dependence on the groomer's energy threshold $z_\text{cut}$, and it is matched
to fixed-order QCD matrix elements at next-to-leading order. In order to
account for non-perturbative contributions, originating from the hadronisation
process and from the underlying event, we also include a phenomenological
correction factor derived from Monte Carlo parton-shower simulations.
Furthermore, we consider two different possibilities for the jet transverse
momentum: before or after grooming. We show that the former should be preferred
for comparisons with upcoming experimental data essentially because the mMDT
transverse momentum spectrum is not collinear safe.Comment: 38 pages; 17 figures. Version accepted by JHE
Chern-Simons Matter Theories and Higher Spin Gravity

We compute the parity violating three point amplitudes with one scalar leg in
higher spin gravity and compare results with those of Chern-Simons matter
theories. The three-point correlators of the free boson, free fermion, critical
vector model and Gross-Neveu model are reproduced including the dependence on
the Chern-Simons coupling. We also perform a simple test of the modified higher
spin equations proposed in arXiv:1605.02662 [hep-th] and find that the results
are consistent with the AdS/CFT correspondence.Comment: 39 pages; minor corrections and refs adde
Thermal activation of thin-shells in anti-de Sitter black hole spacetime

We investigate thermal activation of thin-shells around anti-de Sitter black
holes. Under the thin-shell approximation, we extensively study the parameter
region that allows a bubble nucleation bounded by a thin-shell out of a thermal
bath. We show that in general if one fixes the temperature outside the shell,
one needs to consider the presence of a conical deficit inside the shell in the
Euclidean manifold, due to the lack of solutions with a smooth manifold. We
show that for a given set of theoretical parameters, i.e., vacuum and shell
energy density, there is a finite range of black hole masses that allow this
transition. Most interestingly, one of them describes the complete evaporation
of the initial black hole.Comment: published versio
Unstable horizons and singularity development in holography

In holographic applications one can encounter scenarios where a
long-wavelength instability can arise. In such situations, it is often the case
that the dynamical end point of the instability is a new equilibrium phase with
a nonlinear scalar hair condensate outside the black hole horizon. We here
review holographic setups where symmetric horizons suffer from long-wavelength
instabilities where a suitable equilibrium condensate phase does not exist. We
study the dynamics of the simplest model in this exotic class, and show that it
uncovers arbitrarily large curvatures in the vicinity of the horizon which
asymptotically turn such region singular, at finite time with respect to the
boundary theory.Comment: 38 pages, 41 figure