pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
String Threshold corrections in models with spontaneously broken
  supersymmetry

We analyse a class of four-dimensional heterotic ground states with N=2
space-time supersymmetry. From the ten-dimensional perspective, such models can
be viewed as compactifications on a six-dimensional manifold with SU(2)
holonomy, which is locally but not globally K3 x T^2. The maximal N=4
supersymmetry is spontaneously broken to N=2. The masses of the two massive
gravitinos depend on the (T,U) moduli of T^2. We evaluate the one-loop
threshold corrections of gauge and R^2 couplings and we show that they fall in
several universality classes, in contrast to what happens in usual K3 x T^2
compactifications, where the N=4 supersymmetry is explicitly broken to N=2, and
where a single universality class appears. These universality properties follow
from the structure of the elliptic genus. The behaviour of the threshold
corrections as functions of the moduli is analysed in detail: it is singular
across several rational lines of the T^2 moduli because of the appearance of
extra massless states, and suffers only from logarithmic singularities at large
radii. These features differ substantially from the ordinary K3 x T^2
compactifications, thereby reflecting the existence of spontaneously-broken N=4
supersymmetry. Although our results are valid in the general framework defined
above, we also point out several properties, specific to orbifold
constructions, which might be of phenomenological relevance.Comment: 59 pages, Latex2e, final version to appear in Nucl. Phys.
Integrals, quantum Galois extensions and the affineness criterion for
  quantum Yetter-Drinfel'd modules

We introduce and study a general concept of integral of a threetuple (H, A,
C), where H is a Hopf algebra acting on a coalgebra C and coacting on an
algebra A. In particular, quantum integrals associated to Yetter-Drinfel'd
modules are defined. Let A be an H-bicomodule algebra, $^H {\cal YD}_A$ be the
category of (generalized) Yetter-Drinfel'd modules and $B$ the subalgebra of
coinvariants of the Verma structure of $A$. We introduce the concept of quantum
Galois extensions and we prove the affineness criterion in a quantum version.Comment: latex 32 pg. J. Algebra, to appea
Ab initio potential energy surfaces, bound states and electronic
  spectrum of the Ar-SH complex

New ab initio potential energy surfaces for the doublet pi ground electronic
state of the Ar-SH complex are presented, calculated at the
RCCSD(T)/aug-cc-pV5Z level. Weakly bound rotation-vibration levels are
calculated using coupled-channel methods that properly account for the coupling
between the two electronic states. The resulting wavefunctions are analysed and
a new adiabatic approximation including spin-orbit coupling is proposed. The
ground-state wavefunctions are combined with those obtained for the excited
doublet sigma + state [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 6, 5463 (2004)] to produce
transition dipole moments. Modelling the transition intensities as a
combination of these dipole moments and calculated lifetime values [J. Chem.
Phys. 109, 170 (1998)] leads to a good representation of the experimental
fluorescence excitation spectrum [J. Chem. Phys. 98, 4301 (1993)].Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure
Mechanical properties of tungsten alloys with Y₂O₃ and titanium additions

This study is for: 14th International Conference on Fusion Reactor Materials (ICFRM-14), 6-11 september, 2009. Sapporo Convention Center Sapporo, Japan.n this research the mechanical behaviour of pure tungsten (W) and its alloys (2 wt.% Ti─0.47 wt.% Y₂O₃ and 4 wt.% Ti─0.5 wt.% Y₂O₃ ) is compared. These tungsten alloys, have been obtained by powder metallurgy. The yield strength, fracture toughness and elastic modulus have been studied in the temperature interval of 25 °C to 1000 °C. The results have shown that the addition of Ti substantially improves the bending strength and toughness of W, but it also dramatically increases the DBTT. On the other hand, the addition of 0.5% Y₂O₃, is enough to improve noticeably the oxidation behaviour at the higher temperatures. The grain size, fractography and microstructure are studied in these materials. Titanium is a good grain growth inhibitor and effective precursor of liquid phase in HIP. The simultaneous presence of Y₂O₃ and Ti permits to obtain materials with low pores presence.This investigation was supported by the EURATOM/CIEMAT association through contract TW6-TTMA-002-EFDA, by the Comunidad de Madrid (programs S-S2009/MAT-1585 and S2009/ENE-1679) and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CSD00C-06-14102 and MAT 2009-13979-C03-02).Publicad
Detection of a Type IIn Supernova in Optical Follow-up Observations of
  IceCube Neutrino Events

The IceCube neutrino observatory pursues a follow-up program selecting
interesting neutrino events in real-time and issuing alerts for electromagnetic
follow-up observations. In March 2012, the most significant neutrino alert
during the first three years of operation was issued by IceCube. In the
follow-up observations performed by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF), a Type
IIn supernova (SN) PTF12csy was found $0.2^\circ$ away from the neutrino alert
direction, with an error radius of $0.54^\circ$. It has a redshift of
$z=0.0684$, corresponding to a luminosity distance of about $300 \,
\mathrm{Mpc}$ and the Pan-STARRS1 survey shows that its explosion time was at
least 158 days (in host galaxy rest frame) before the neutrino alert, so that a
causal connection is unlikely. The a posteriori significance of the chance
detection of both the neutrinos and the SN at any epoch is $2.2 \, \sigma$
within IceCube's 2011/12 data acquisition season. Also, a complementary
neutrino analysis reveals no long-term signal over the course of one year.
Therefore, we consider the SN detection coincidental and the neutrinos
uncorrelated to the SN. However, the SN is unusual and interesting by itself:
It is luminous and energetic, bearing strong resemblance to the SN IIn 2010jl,
and shows signs of interaction of the SN ejecta with a dense circumstellar
medium. High-energy neutrino emission is expected in models of diffusive shock
acceleration, but at a low, non-detectable level for this specific SN. In this
paper, we describe the SN PTF12csy and present both the neutrino and
electromagnetic data, as well as their analysis.Comment: 17 pages, 10 figure
Simplified Models for Dark Matter Searches at the LHC

This document outlines a set of simplified models for dark matter and its
interactions with Standard Model particles. It is intended to summarize the
main characteristics that these simplified models have when applied to dark
matter searches at the LHC, and to provide a number of useful expressions for
reference. The list of models includes both s-channel and t-channel scenarios.
For s-channel, spin-0 and spin-1 mediation is discussed, and also realizations
where the Higgs particle provides a portal between the dark and visible
sectors. The guiding principles underpinning the proposed simplified models are
spelled out, and some suggestions for implementation are presented.Comment: v3: Fixed typo in eqns 14 & 1
A comparison of black hole growth in galaxy mergers with Gasoline and
  Ramses

Supermassive black hole dynamics during galaxy mergers is crucial in
determining the rate of black hole mergers and cosmic black hole growth. As
simulations achieve higher resolution, it becomes important to assess whether
the black hole dynamics is influenced by the treatment of the interstellar
medium in different simulation codes. We here compare simulations of black hole
growth in galaxy mergers with two codes: the Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
code Gasoline, and the Adaptive Mesh Refinement code Ramses. We seek to
identify predictions of these models that are robust despite differences in
hydrodynamic methods and implementations of sub-grid physics. We find that the
general behavior is consistent between codes. Black hole accretion is minimal
while the galaxies are well-separated (and even as they "fly-by" within 10 kpc
at first pericenter). At late stages, when the galaxies pass within a few kpc,
tidal torques drive nuclear gas inflow that triggers bursts of black hole
accretion accompanied by star formation. We also note quantitative
discrepancies that are model-dependent: our Ramses simulations show less star
formation and black hole growth, and a smoother gas distribution with larger
clumps and filaments, than our Gasoline simulations. We attribute these
differences primarily to the sub-grid models for black hole fueling and
feedback and gas thermodynamics. The main conclusion is that differences exist
quantitatively between codes, and this should be kept in mind when making
comparisons with observations. However, reassuringly, both codes capture the
same dynamical behaviors in terms of triggering of black hole accretion, star
formation, and black hole dynamics.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to A&A. Comments welcom
The host galaxies of X-ray selected active galactic nuclei to z = 2.5 : structure, star formation, and their relationships from CANDELS and Herschel/PACS

We study the relationship between the structure and star formation rate (SFR) of X-ray selected low and moderate luminosity active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the two Chandra Deep Fields, using Hubble Space Telescope imaging from the Cosmic Assembly Near Infrared Extragalactic Legacy Survey (CANDELS) and deep far-infrared maps from the PEP+GOODS-Herschel survey. We derive detailed distributions of structural parameters and FIR luminosities from carefully constructed control samples of galaxies, which we then compare to those of the AGNs. At z ~ 1, AGNs show slightly diskier light profiles than massive inactive (non-AGN) galaxies, as well as modestly higher levels of gross galaxy disturbance (as measured by visual signatures of interactions and clumpy structure). In contrast, at z ~ 2, AGNs show similar levels of galaxy disturbance as inactive galaxies, but display a red central light enhancement, which may arise from a more pronounced bulge in AGN hosts or extinguished nuclear light. We undertake a number of tests of both these alternatives, but our results do not strongly favor one interpretation over the other. The mean SFR and its distribution among AGNs and inactive galaxies are similar at z> 1.5. At z<1, however, clear and significant enhancements are seen in the SFRs of AGNs with bulge-dominated light profiles. These trends suggest an evolution in the relation between nuclear activity and host properties with redshift, towards a minor role for mergers and interactions at z> 1.5.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Results from the BANYAN All-Sky Syrvey

We performed an all-sky cross-match of the 2MASS and WISE catalogs to search for new very late-type (> M5) candidate members to young, moving groups using the BANYAN statistical tool to create the BASS catalog. We present follow-up results of this catalog, unveiling many new young BDs and new directly imaged exoplanets. These late-type and young objects will be very compelling targets for the search of exoplanets by direct imaging, due to their youth and proximity. Their moving group membership also provides useful constraints on their age
The effects of verbal information and approach-avoidance training on children's fear-related responses.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES\ud
\ud
This study examined the effects of verbal information and approach-avoidance training on fear-related cognitive and behavioural responses about novel animals.\ud
\ud
METHODS\ud
\ud
One hundred and sixty children (7-11 years) were randomly allocated to receive: a) positive verbal information about one novel animal and threat information about a second novel animal (verbal information condition); b) approach-avoidance training in which they repeatedly pushed away (avoid) or pulled closer (approach) pictures of the animals (approach-avoidance training), c) a combined condition in which verbal information was given prior to approach-avoidance training (verbal information + approach-avoidance training) and d) a combined condition in which approach-avoidance training was given prior to verbal information (approach-avoidance training + verbal information).\ud
\ud
RESULTS\ud
\ud
Threat and positive information significantly increased and decreased fear beliefs and avoidance behaviour respectively. Approach-avoidance training was successful in training the desired behavioural responses but had limited effects on fear-related responses. Verbal information and both combined conditions resulted in significantly larger effects than approach-avoidance training. We found no evidence for an additive effect of these pathways.\ud
\ud
LIMITATIONS\ud
\ud
This study used a non-clinical sample and focused on novel animals rather than animals about which children already had experience or established fears. The study also compared positive information/approach with threat information/avoid training, limiting specific conclusions regarding the independent effects of these conditions.\ud
\ud
CONCLUSIONS\ud
\ud
The present study finds little evidence in support of a possible causal role for behavioural response training in the aetiology of childhood fear. However, the provision of verbal information appears to be an important pathway involved in the aetiology of childhood fear
Searches for large-scale anisotropy in the arrival directions of cosmic rays detected above energy of 10(19) ev at the pierre auger observatory and the telescope array

Spherical harmonic moments are well-suited for capturing anisotropy at any scale in the flux of cosmic rays. An unambiguous measurement of the full set of spherical harmonic coefficients requires full-sky coverage. This can be achieved by combining data from observatories located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. To this end, a joint analysis using data recorded at the Telescope Array and the Pierre Auger Observatory above 10(19) eV is presented in this work. The resulting multipolar expansion of the flux of cosmic rays allows us to perform a series of anisotropy searches, and in particular to report on the angular power spectrum of cosmic rays above 10(19) eV. No significant deviation from isotropic expectations is found throughout the analyses performed. Upper limits on the amplitudes of the dipole and quadrupole moments are derived as a function of the direction in the sky, varying between 7% and 13% for the dipole and between 7% and 10% for a symmetric quadrupole
Global velocity field and bubbles in the blue compact dwarf galaxy Mrk 86

We have studied the velocity field of the blue compact dwarf galaxy Mrk 86 (NGC 2537) using data provided by 14 long-slit optical spectra obtained in 10 different orientations and positions. This kinematical information is complemented with narrow-band ([O III]5007 Å and Hα) and broad-band (B, V, Gunn r and K) imaging. The analysis of the galaxy global velocity field suggests that the ionized gas could be distributed in a rotating inclined disc, with projected central angular velocity of Ω=34 km s^−1 kpc^−1. The comparison between the stellar, H I and modelled dark matter density profile indicates that the total mass within its optical radius is dominated by the stellar component. Peculiarities observed in its velocity field can be explained by irregularities in the ionized gas distribution or local motions induced by star formation.\ud
Kinematical evidences for two expanding bubbles, Mrk 86-B and Mrk 86-C, are given. They show expanding velocities of 34 and 17 km s^−1, Hα luminosities of 3×10^38 and 1.7×10^39 erg s^−1, and physical radii of 374 and 120 pc, respectively. The change in the [S II]/Hα, [N II]/Hα, [O II]/[O III] and [O III]/Hβ line ratios with the distance to the bubble precursor suggests a diminution in the ionization parameter and, in the case of Mrk 86-B, an enhancement of the shock-excited gas emission. The optical-near-infrared colours of the bubble precursors are characteristic of low-metallicity star-forming regions (∼0.2 Z_⊙) with burst strengths of about 1 per cent in mass
Evolution of the structural and magnetic properties of sputtered Tb_xFe_73Ga_27-x (7 at.% ≤ x ≤ 11 at.%) thin films upon the increase of Tb content.

Tb_xFe_73Ga_27-x (7 at.% ≤ x ≤ 11 at.%) ternary alloys have been obtained by cosputtering from Tb_33Fe_67 and Fe_72Ga_28 targets. In contrast with other Tb-Fe-Ga compounds that consist of just one structural phase, the diffraction pattern of the Tb_7Fe_73Ga_20 shows the presence of two different phases related to binary Tb -Fe and Fe-Ga alloys. This microstructure evolves as the Tb content is increased, and for a Tb of 11 at.% X-ray diffractometry only evidences the presence of a phase close to the TbFe_2. Although none of the studied samples show perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, there is a significant component of the magnetization perpendicular to the sample plane. The increase of the Tb content on the compounds from 7 at.% to 11 at.% enhances this component most probably due to the shift of the microstructure towards one similar to the TbFe_2
Metabarcoding approach for nonindigenous species surveillance in marine coastal waters

Highlights:\ud
• Metabarcoding was applied for the surveillance of plankton communities and NIS detection.\ud
• The results were compared to those from the conventional monitoring.\ud
• Four of five detected NIS were identified exclusively by metabarcoding.\ud
• Most of the detected NIS were benthic organisms with planktonic larval stage.\ud
• The reported taxonomic composition was consistent between two methods at a family level.\ud
\ud
Abstract:\ud
In this study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) metabarcoding was applied for the surveillance of plankton communities within the southeastern (SE) Baltic Sea coastal zone. These results were compared with those from routine monitoring survey and morphological analyses. Four of five nonindigenous species found in the samples were identified exclusively by metabarcoding. All of them are considered as invasive in the Baltic Sea with reported impact on the ecosystem and biodiversity. This study indicates that, despite some current limitations, HTS metabarcoding can provide information on the presence of exotic species and advantageously complement conventional approaches, only requiring the same monitoring effort as before. Even in the currently immature status of HTS, this combination of HTS metabarcoding and observational records is recommended in the early detection of marine pests and delivery of the environmental status metrics of nonindigenous species
Event activity dependence of Y(nS) production in sqrt(s[NN]) = 5.02 TeV pPb and sqrt(s) = 2.76 TeV pp collisions

The production of Y(1S), Y(2S), and Y(3S) is investigated in pPb and pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV and 2.76 TeV, respectively. The datasets correspond to integrated luminosities of about 31 inverse nanobarns (pPb) and 5.4 inverse picobarns (pp), collected in 2013 by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Upsilons that decay into muons are reconstructed within the rapidity interval abs(y[CM]) < 1.93 in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame. Their production is studied as a function of two measures of event activity, namely the charged-particle multiplicity measured in the pseudorapidity interval abs(eta) < 2.4, and the sum of transverse energy deposited at forward pseudorapidity, 4.0 < abs(eta) < 5.2. The Y cross sections normalized by their event activity integrated values, Y(nS)/<Y((nS)>, are found to rise with both measures of the event activity in pp and pPb. In both collision systems, the ratios of the excited to the ground state cross sections, Y(nS)/Y(1S), are found to decrease with the charged-particle multiplicity, while as a function of the transverse energy the variation is less pronounced. The event activity integrated double ratios, [Y(nS)/Y(1S)][pPb] / [Y(nS)/Y(1S)][pp], are also measured and found to be 0.83 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.05 (syst.) and 0.71 +/- 0.08 (stat.) +/- 0.09 (syst.) for Y(2S) and Y(3S), respectively
Surveillance of antibiotic resistance evolution and detection of class 1 and 2 integrons in human isolates of multi-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium obtained in Uruguay between 1976 and 2000.

[Objectives] To study the evolution of antibiotic resistance in isolates of Salmonella enterica\ud
subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium (Salmonella Typhimurium) obtained in Uruguay between\ud
the years 1976 and 2000, and to determine the incidence of class 1 and 2 integrons in the multiresistant\ud
isolates.[Methods] We studied 258 strains of Salmonella Typhimurium from various sources, isolated\ud
between 1976 and 2000. We determined the evolution of antibiotic resistance and the distribution\ud
of class 1 and 2 integrons in all isolates by means of disk diffusion assays and PCR.[Results] During the period 1989—2000 resistance to streptomycin was 56.8%, tetracycline 13.6%,\ud
sulfonamides 11.2%, and ampicillin 7.2%. Resistance to gentamicin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol,\ud
and nalidixic acid were lower than 5%; no resistance was detected to fluoroquinolones, oxyiminocephalosporins,\ud
and amikacin. These results show a dramatic decrease with respect to values\ud
found in the period 1976—1988. In this period, resistance to streptomycin was 63.2%, tetracycline\ud
36.8%, sulfonamides 32.3%, and ampicillin 27.8%. Throughout the two periods, 29 multi-resistantPeer reviewe
QCD corrections to inclusive ΔS = 1, 2 transitions at the next-to-leading order

24 páginas, 3 figuras, 2 tablas.-- arXiv:hep-ph/9402363v1The two-point functions for ΔS = 1 current-current and QCD-penguin operators, as well as for the ΔS = 2 operator, are calculated at the next-to-leading order. The calculation is performed in two different renormalization schemes for γ5, and the compatibility of the results obtained in the two schemes is verified. The scale- and scheme-invariant combinations of spectral two-point functions and corresponding Wilson coefficients are constructed and analyzed. For ΔS = 1, the QCD corrections to the CP-conserving part, dominated by current-current operators, are 40–120% at q2 = (1–3 GeV)2, whereas the corrections to the imaginary part, mainly coming from the penguin operator Q6, are 100–240%. The large size of the gluonic corrections to current-current operators provides a qualitative understanding of the observed enhancement of ΔI = 1/2 transitions. In the ΔS = 2 sector the QCD corrections are quite moderate (≈−20%).The work of A.P. has been supported in part by CICYT (Spain), under grant\ud
No. AEN93-0234.Peer reviewe