pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition in psychotherapy: impact of therapist level of experience and emotional awareness

Accurately identifying another person’s emotional state is an ability that may be necessary for a psychotherapist to empathize with a patient and that may be required for obtaining valid and reliable psychotherapy process ratings in research. Accuracy of identifying emotions and of rating emotional intensity expressed by a patient was studied in a comparison of 36 experienced therapists and 36 undergraduate psychology students who intended to become psychotherapists. Representative segments of a psychotherapy session were presented in one of three ways to tease apart the relative importance of verbal and nonverbal cues in making accurate ratings. Accuracy was judged against ratings supplied by two experienced and prestigious clinicians based on the same therapy sample. Results indicated that although therapists were more accurate than nontherapists in identifying emotions, they did not differ in the accuracy of rating emotional intensity. Moreover, accuracy of ratings was found to be less reliant on verbal cues among psychotherapists than among nontherapists. Finally, levels of participants’ personal awareness of their own emotions had a positive impact on the accuracy of identifying specific emotions but not on the accuracy of rating their intensity.Junta Nacional de Investigação Científica e Tecnológica - BD/1112/90/ID.
American Psychological Association Dissertation Research Award
Cognitive narrative psychotherapy : research foundations

There has been an increased interest in the study of language processes in psychotherapy. More recently, research and theoretical formulations of the therapeutic process suggested that we must move from the microscopic study of verbal modes to a macroscopic approach in which these modes are organized into narratives. Narratives are conceived, in this perspective, as the basic instruments for meaning making. In this article the research on narrative processes in psychotherapy is reviewed and discussed in terms of its implications for the theory and practice of cognitive narrative psychotherapy. Additionally some of the main data coming from research projects on cognitive narrative psychotherapy are presented
On the relationship between dieting and ''obese'' and bulimic eating patterns

Contains fulltext :
                  28695.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access)Relationships were studied between emotional, external and restrained eating behavior, and bulimia, and also between these types of eating behavior and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Method: The sample consisted of female adolescents. Eating behavior and body evaluation were measured with scales of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) and the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI). Results: Significant and high relationships were found between emotional and external and bulimic eating behavior. The same was true for restrained eating, and body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. However, results from factor analyses suggest that the three types of overeating do not point to one and the same construct. Further, also restrained eating was found to point at a different construct than the construct associated with body dissatisfaction and drive for thinness. Finally, no high relationships were found between restrained eating and "obese" or bulimic eating patterns. Discussion: The low relationship between restrained eating and various types of overeating is in line with earlier results with the DEBQ Restraint scale and offers further support for the contention that the excessive food intake found in subjects with high scores on the Herman and Polivy's Restraint Scale (RS) may be an artefact of the RS, as a result of its bias towards the selection of a counterregulating sample
Mapcar: a framework to support the elaboration of the conceptual model of a Knowledge Based System

This paper is a pre-print version of the article whose definitive version can be found in International Journal of Intelligent Systems RSS feed for International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Volume 12, Issue 6 , Pages 441 - 468, Copyright © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Please cite the full reference when referring to the article.Constructing a knowledge based system requires the identification of the conceptual primitives and problem-solving strategy that will permit capturing the expertise in an adapted way. This paper presents an approach to support the elaboration of such a conceptual model by data-abstraction. Our work is motivated by the objective of constructing models that correspond to how experts solve problems, which is required for some applications, as, for example, presenting problem-solving in an educational system. We argue that such an objective cannot be tackled by refining a predefined model. We propose to use a prototype reifying the model as a means for its study. We present methodological guides, and an operationalisation language that allows the putting into practice of the approach we propose. Examples from different applications illustrate the presentation. (http://www-lium.univ-lemans.fr/~tchou/IJIS-97.pdf
Sister Chromatid Exchange and Micronucleus Frequency in Human Lymphocytes of 1,650 Subjects in an Italian Population: II. Contribution of Sex, Age, and Lifestyle

Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronuclei (MN) analysis was carried out on 1,650 healthy individuals living in Pisa and in two nearby small cities, Cascina and Navacchio (Ca-Na). The effect of smoking on SCEs was linearly correlated with the number of cigarettes per day, and an increase of 7.3% SCEs was detectable for as few cigarettes as 1-10/day. Ex-smokers showed intermediate mean values of SCEs (8.09 ? 1.88) in comparison with never smokers (7.54 ? 1.61) and current smokers (8.45 ? 1.94). Mean values of SCEs of ex-smokers decreased linearly with time of smoking cessation, reaching the mean values of never smokers within 8 years. The extent of SCE decrease was inversely proportional to the number of cigarettes previously smoked. No interaction between smoking habits and coffee or alcohol drinking on SCEs was observed. A borderline (P = 0.053) increase in mean SCE values in coffee drinkers (more than 3 cups/day) was found. The age effect on SCEs was remarkable in Ca-Na, but not in Pisa donors. Job type was not associated with significant modification of mean values of SCEs. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed a statistically significant association between the proportion of high frequency cells (HCF) outliers and coffee consumption. Age and sex appeared to be by far the most important variables associated with modifications in MN frequency, which increased by 0.04 and 0.02 per year in males and females, respectively. Children and young donors (age &#8804; 40 years) showed lower MN frequency regardless of sex, whereas sex appeared to determine a significantly higher increase of MN only in females older than 40 years. In contrast, in males the MN rate by age tended to level off after the age of 30-50. MN frequencies of Pisa blue- and white-collar workers were statistically significantly higher than in students (+0.71 and +0.55, respectively). Smoking did not determine any increase of MN frequency. A total lack of correlation (P = 0.913) between MN and SCEs was observed
Genetically modified Chinese hamster ovary cells for investigating sulfotransferase-mediated cytotoxicity and mutation by 2-amino-1-methyl-6- phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine

To test the hypothesis that the sulfotransferase gene plays a role in the phase II bioactivation of PhIP, a heterocyclic amine found in cooked meats, we transfected the UV5P3 cell line with cDNA plasmids of human aryl sulfotransferases (HAST1 and HAST3). UV5P3 is a nucleotide excision repair-deficient and P4501A2-expressing CHO cell line that we have previously developed. Functionally transformed clones were identified by the differential cytotoxicity (DC) assay that used PhIP as the cytotoxic agent. Two clones designated 5P3H1 and 5P3H3, expressing HAST1 and HAST3, respectively, were chosen for further characterization. Correct fragment sizes of the sulfotransferase cDNAs were identified in both cell lines by polymerase chain reaction. Immunoblot analysis confirmed the expression of the sulfotransferase proteins. The addition of the sulfotransferase inhibitor DCNP decreased the cytotoxic effects of PhIP in a dose-dependent manner. The increase in cell growth was 6.5-fold for 5P3H1 and 2.4-fold for 5P3H3, relative to values obtained without DCNP. Based on D50 values, the dose that reduced the survival to 50% relative to untreated controls, the cytotoxic effect of PhIP was increased threefold for 5P3H1 and 1.87-fold for 5P3H3 cell lines over the parental UV5P3 line. There was also a small increase in the mutation response at the aprt locus. These newly established 5P3H1 and 5P3H3 sulfotransferase-expressing cells provide valuable mechanistic information of the bioactivation of PhIP and related compounds
Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Pyridoxal-6-arylazo-5'-phosphate and Phosphonate Derivatives as P2 Receptor Antagonists.

Novel analogs of the P2 receptor antagonist pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-6-phenylazo-2',4'-disulfonate (PPADS) were synthesized. Modifications were made through functional group substitution on the sulfophenyl ring and at the phosphate moiety through the inclusion of phosphonates, demonstrating that a phosphate linkage is not required for P2 receptor antagonism. Substituted 6-phenylazo and 6-naphthylazo derivatives were also evaluated. Among the 6-phenylazo derivatives, 5'-methyl, ethyl, propyl, vinyl, and allyl phosphonates were included. The compounds were tested as antagonists at turkey erythrocyte and guinea-pig taenia coli P2Y(1) receptors, in guinea-pig vas deferens and bladder P2X(1) receptors, and in ion flux experiments by using recombinant rat P2X(2) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Competitive binding assay at human P2X(1) receptors in differentiated HL-60 cell membranes was carried out by using [(35)S]ATP-γ-S. A 2'-chloro-5'-sulfo analog of PPADS (C(14)H(12)O(9)N(3)ClPSNa), a vinyl phosphonate derivative (C(15)H(12)O(11)N(3)PS(2)Na(3)), and a naphthylazo derivative (C(18)H(14)O(12)N(3)PS(2)Na(2)), were particularly potent in binding to human P2X(1) receptors. The potencies of phosphate derivatives at P2Y(1) receptors were generally similar to PPADS itself, except for the p-carboxyphenylazo phosphate derivative C(15)H(13)O(8)N(3)PNa and its m-chloro analog C(15)H(12)O(8)N(3)ClPNa, which were selective for P2X vs. P2Y(1) receptors. C(15)H(12)O(8)N(3)ClPNa was very potent at rat P2X(2) receptors with an IC(50) value of 0.82 μM. Among the phosphonate derivatives, [4-formyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-6-(2-chloro-5-sulfonylphenylazo)-pyrid-5-yl]methylphosphonic acid (C(14)H(12)-O(8)N(3)ClPSNa) showed high potency at P2Y(1) receptors with an IC(50) of 7.23 μM. The corresponding 2,5-disulfonylphenyl derivative was nearly inactive at turkey erythrocyte P2Y(1) receptors, whereas at recombinant P2X(2) receptors had an IC(50) value of 1.1 μM. An ethyl phosphonate derivative (C(15)H(15)O(11)N(3)PS(2)Na(3)), whereas inactive at turkey erythrocyte P2Y(1) receptors, was particularly potent at recombinant P2X(2) receptors
Conotoxins and their potential pharmaceutical applications

The neurotoxins isolated from cone shell venoms are a diverse group of small, disulfide-rich peptides. Most of the active peptides isolated to date have been shown to specifically target various components of neural transmission, and have generally demonstrated high specificities for ion channel and receptor types and subtypes. The specificity of conotoxins is one of the attributes that make them valuable diagnostic tools in the characterisation of neural pathways, as therapeutic agents in medicine, and potentially as biodegradable toxic agents in agroveterinary applications. The number of novel, active peptides within the numerous Conus species is considered to be enormous. Currently, however, relatively few peptides have been characterised. in this article, we review current research on conotoxins with a focus on drug potential being developed at the University of Queensland, Australia. Drug Dev. Res. 46:219-234, 1999. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Structure development and control of injection-molded hydroxylapatite-reinforced starch/EVOH composites

This article reports on the development of novel composites of starch-based polymers reinforced with hydroxylapatite (HA). Two different grades of blends of starch and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymers were reinforced with up to 30% (wt) of sintered and nonsintered HA. The initial compounding stage was carried out either in a rotating drum or by twin-screw extrusion (TSE). Compounds were injection molded using both conventional molding and a shear-controlled orientation in injection molding (Scorim) technique. It was possible to obtain composites with very good mechanical properties, approaching those of cortical bone. The best results were achieved for 30% sintered HA composites processed by TSE and Scorim, due to the in situ formation of HA fibers, and the development of molecular orientation and more compact microstructures in the moldings. This was confirmed by SEM analysis of the fracture surfaces, x-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy. The biodegradability of the composites was also assessed and was found to be faster than that of the matrixPRAXIS XXI Programm
Scaling Limits for Minimal and Random Spanning Trees in Two Dimensions

A general formulation is presented for continuum scaling limits of stochastic
spanning trees. A spanning tree is expressed in this limit through a consistent
collection of subtrees, which includes a tree for every finite set of endpoints
in $\R^d$. Tightness of the distribution, as $\delta \to 0$, is established for
the following two-dimensional examples: the uniformly random spanning tree on
$\delta \Z^2$, the minimal spanning tree on $\delta \Z^2$ (with random edge
lengths), and the Euclidean minimal spanning tree on a Poisson process of
points in $\R^2$ with density $\delta^{-2}$. In each case, sample trees are
proven to have the following properties, with probability one with respect to
any of the limiting measures: i) there is a single route to infinity (as was
known for $\delta > 0$), ii) the tree branches are given by curves which are
regular in the sense of H\"older continuity, iii) the branches are also rough,
in the sense that their Hausdorff dimension exceeds one, iv) there is a random
dense subset of $\R^2$, of dimension strictly between one and two, on the
complement of which (and only there) the spanning subtrees are unique with
continuous dependence on the endpoints, v) branching occurs at countably many
points in $\R^2$, and vi) the branching numbers are uniformly bounded. The
results include tightness for the loop erased random walk (LERW) in two
dimensions. The proofs proceed through the derivation of scale-invariant power
bounds on the probabilities of repeated crossings of annuli.Comment: Revised; 54 pages, 6 figures (LaTex
How to Couple from the Past Using a Read-Once Source of Randomness

We give a new method for generating perfectly random samples from the
stationary distribution of a Markov chain. The method is related to coupling
from the past (CFTP), but only runs the Markov chain forwards in time, and
never restarts it at previous times in the past. The method is also related to
an idea known as PASTA (Poisson arrivals see time averages) in the operations
research literature. Because the new algorithm can be run using a read-once
stream of randomness, we call it read-once CFTP. The memory and time
requirements of read-once CFTP are on par with the requirements of the usual
form of CFTP, and for a variety of applications the requirements may be
noticeably less. Some perfect sampling algorithms for point processes are based
on an extension of CFTP known as coupling into and from the past; for
completeness, we give a read-once version of coupling into and from the past,
but it remains unpractical. For these point process applications, we give an
alternative coupling method with which read-once CFTP may be efficiently used.Comment: 28 pages, 2 figure
Rethinking science literacy : enhancing communication and participation in school science through affirmational dialogue journal writing

For many students the study of Science can be very disaffirming. This may lead to passivity in class, and a lifelong disaffection with science, outcomes which defeat the long-term purposes of trying to achieve scientific literacy for all students. This article represents a new way of framing scientific literacy with a "science for all" goal, based on a nexus of psychological, sociological and critical literacy theory. A science education researcher and a science teacher collaborated in trialing the use of affirmational dialogue journal writing with early adolescents in a high school situated in a low socio economic status area. The intervention was found to be successful on a number of fronts. I conclude that an approach which affirms students' experience can lead to a deeper approach to learning for adolescent science students. ©1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J.Res Sci Teach 36: 699-717, 199
Characterization of vapor deposition polymerized polyimide thin films

[[abstract]]Vapor deposition polymerized (VDP) polyimide (PI) thin films were prepared and characterized by using thermogravimetrical analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and bending-beam techniques. The film properties investigated were thermal stability, wet-etching characteristics, surface topology, imidization characteristics, internal stress upon curing and thermal cycling, and hygroscopic stress upon moisture diffusion. Markedly different characteristics are observed for the VDP-PI films when comparing with the conventional ones. They seem denser in film structure and have better mechanical properties, but are somewhat less stable in thermal resistance[[fileno]]2020306010032[[department]]材料科學工程學
High-pressure calorimetric study of plasticization of poly(methyl methacrylate) by methane, ethylene, and carbon dioxide

Glass transition in the system poly(methyl methacrylate)/compressed gas was studied as a function of the gas pressure p using a high-pressure Tian-Calvet heat flow calorimeter. Measurements were made on PMMA-CH\u2084-C\u2082H\u2084, and ;-CO\u2082 at pressures to 200 atm. All three gases plasticize the polymer leading to depression of the glass transition temperature Tg. Trends in the Tg depression were the same as those reported for the solubility of these gases in PMMA; the higher the solubility the larger the depression in Tg. CO\u2082 was found to be the most effective plasticizer producing a depression of about 40\ub0C at a pressure of about 37 atm. In the low-pressure limit, the pressure coefficient of the glass transition temperature (dTg/dp) was found to be about \u22120.2\ub0C atm\u207b\ub9 for PMMA-CH\u2084, the same as that observed for polystyrene-CH\u2084. For PMMA-C\u2082H\u2084, the pressure coefficient was \u22120.7\ub0C atm\u207b\ub9, which is lower than the value of \u22120.9\ub0C atm\u207b\ub9 observed for PS-C\u2082H\u2084. The pressure coefficient for PMMA-CO\u2082 was found to be about \u22121.2\ub0C atm\u207b\ub9, which is larger than the value of \u22120.9\ub0C atm\u207b\ub9 observed for PS-CO\u2082.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye
High-precision gravimetric technique for determining the solubility and diffusivity of gases in polymers

An in situ gravimetric technique, employing an electrobalance, is described for determining the solubility and diffusivity of gases in polymers over extended ranges of temperature and pressure. Solubilities of CO\u2082 in polystyrene at 35\ub0C were measured as a test case; the results are in excellent agreement with the literature values determined by the pressure decay method. Solubility and diffusivity results are also reported for PVC-CO\u2082 at 35\ub0C and for PS-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane at 30, 90, and 120\ub0C. A comparison with other studies shows the in situ method to be more efficient and precise than the ones based on weighing the gas-saturated polymer under ambient conditions. The kinetics of gas sorption were analyzed in terms of two data reduction techniques to derive diffusion coefficients.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye
Vicher: A virtual reality based educational module for chemical reaction engineering

Virtual reality has the potential to be a powerful new tool in engineering education by bringing experience‐based learning to all students, addressing the needs of students with alternate learning styles, and providing enhanced impact to educational presentations. As with any new tool, we must first learn how, when, and where to apply it before it becomes useful. This article describes Vicher, the first known application of virtual reality to chemical engineering education, and some of what has been discovered about virtual reality as an educational tool during Vicher's development. Vicher currently consists of two programs—Vicher I and Vicher II—which deal with the topics of catalyst deactivation and nonisothermal effects in chemical reaction engineering, respectively. Between the two programs, Vicher currently simulates five different engineering areas plus support facilities. Future plans include extensive student testing, program expansion and refinement, and the development of additional virtual reality based educational modules. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Symbolic integration of polynomial functions over a linear polyhedron in euclidean three-dimensional space

The paper concerns analytical integration of polynomial functions over linear polyhedra in three-dimensional space. To the authors' knowledge this is a first presentation of the analytical integration of monomials over a tetrahedral solid in 3D space. A linear polyhedron can be obtained by decomposing it into a set of solid tetrahedrons, but the division of a linear polyhedral solid in 3D space into tetrahedra sometimes presents difficulties of visualization and could easily lead to errors in nodal numbering, etc We have taken this into account and also the linearity property of integration to derive a symbolic integration formula for linear hexahedra in 3D space. We have also used yet another fact that a hexahedron could be built up in two, and only two, distinct ways from five tetrahedral shaped elements These symbolic integration formulas are then followed by an illustrative numerical example for a rectangular prism element, which clearly verifies the formulas derived for the tetrahedron and hexahedron elements
Environmental Management in Agriculture :
                    An expert system approach

The development of quantitative measures for self-assessment of the environmental performance of farming enterprises is described. A rule-based expert system approach is adopted based on well established sources of guidance. Value judgements are introduced as configurable coefficients. The system derives a compound performance indicator S which can provide the basis for inter- or intra-farm comparisons and also provides an objective criterion on which the concept of continuing environmental performance can be judged. This method can also be used to provide an empirical check on environmental sustainability. The evaluations within the system are based on whether actions have, on balance, the potential to result in net environmental harm or benefit. The role of such evaluations within an integrated decision support framework is discusse