pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The rediscovery of uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein): from tubulointerstitial nephropathy to chronic kidney disease

Uromodulin (Tamm-Horsfall protein) is the most abundant protein excreted in the urine under physiological conditions. It is exclusively produced in the kidney and secreted into the urine via proteolytic cleavage. Its biological function is still not fully understood. Uromodulin has been linked to water/electrolyte balance and to kidney innate immunity. Also, studies in knockout mice demonstrated that it has a protective role against urinary tract infections and renal stone formation. Mutations in the gene encoding uromodulin lead to rare autosomal dominant diseases, collectively referred to as uromodulin-associated kidney diseases. They are characterized by progressive tubulointerstitial damage, impaired urinary concentrating ability, hyperuricemia, renal cysts, and progressive renal failure. Novel in vivo studies point at intracellular accumulation of mutant uromodulin as a key primary event in the disease pathogenesis. Recently, genome-wide association studies identified uromodulin as a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hypertension, and suggested that the level of uromodulin in the urine could represent a useful biomarker for the development of CKD. In this review, we summarize these recent investigations, ranging from invalidation studies in mouse to Mendelian disorders and genome-wide associations, which led to a rediscovery of uromodulin and boosted the scientific and clinical interest for this long discovered molecule
Search for quark compositeness in dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at \sqrt{s} = 7 TeV

A search for quark compositeness using dijet angular distributions from pp collisions at s√=7 TeV is presented. The search has been carried out using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb−1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Normalized dijet angular distributions have been measured for dijet invariant masses from 0.4 TeV to above 3 TeV and compared with a variety of contact interaction models, including those which take into account the effects of next-to-leading-order QCD corrections. The data are found to be in agreement with the predictions of perturbative QCD, and lower limits are obtained on the contact interaction scale, ranging from 7.5 up to 14.5 TeV at 95 % confidence level
A proton synchrotron blazar model for flaring in Markarian 501

Copyright © 2001. Astroparticle Physics. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. Submitted to Cornell University’s online archive www.arXiv.org in 2001 by Anita Muecke. Post-print sourced from www.arxiv.org.The spectral energy distribution (SED) of gamma-ray (γ-ray) loud BL Lac objects typically has a double-humped appearance usually interpreted in terms of synchrotron self-Compton models. In proton blazar models, the SED is instead explained in terms of acceleration of protons and subsequent cascading. We discuss a variation of the synchrotron proton blazar model, first proposed by Mücke and Protheroe (Proc. Workshop GeV–TeV Astrophysics: Toward a Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope VI, Snowbird, Utah, submitted for publication), in which the low energy part of the SED is mainly proton synchrotron radiation by electrons co-accelerated with protons, which produce the high energy part of the SED mainly as synchrotron radiation. As an approximation, we assume non-relativistic shock acceleration which could apply if the bulk of the plasma in the jet frame were non-relativistic. Our results may therefore change if a relativistic equation of state was used. We consider the case where the maximum energy of the accelerated protons is above the threshold for pion photoproduction interactions on the synchrotron photons of the low energy part of the SED. Using a Monte Carlo/numerical technique to simulate the interactions and subsequent cascading of the accelerated protons, we are able to fit the high-energy γ-ray portion of the observed SED of Markarian 501 during the April 1997 flare. We find that the emerging cascade spectra initiated by γ-rays from π0 decay and by e± from μ± decay turn out to be relatively featureless. Synchrotron radiation produced by μ± from π± decay, and even more importantly by protons, and subsequent synchrotron-pair cascading, is able to reproduce well the high energy part of the SED. For this fit, we find that synchrotron radiation by protons dominates the TeV emission, pion photoproduction being less important with the consequence that we predict a lower neutrino flux than in other proton blazar models.A. Mücke and R. J. Protheroehttp://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/523319/description#descriptio
Seeing the world of physical culture: The potential of visual methods for qualitative research in sport & exercise

This is a postprint of an article published in Qualitative Research in Sport and
Exercise, 2010, 2(2), 93-108 © 2010 copyright Taylor & Francis. Qualitative Research in Sport and
Exercise is available online at:  http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/rqrs21Adopting visual methods can enhance our understanding of the social world. By encompassing a multitude of forms including photographs, videos, maps, diagrams, symbols and so forth, images can provide specific information about our existence. They can also act as powerful indicators regarding the multiple meanings embedded within our culture. One domain where the use of visual methods has been less well documented is that of physical culture. Physical culture is taken here to mean human physical movement occurring within recognised cultural domains such as sport, dance and, more broadly, outdoor and indoor recreational activities involving expression through physicality. Opening this special edition of Qualitative Research in Sport & Exercise on ‘Visual Methods and Physical Culture, I provide some broad responses to the following questions: What are visual methods? Why might they be useful? How can they be utilised? I then outline some ongoing debates within the field surrounding issues of interpretation, representation, and ethics. I conclude by positioning this special edition as a resource to assist with the continued use of visual methods in physical culture
Outlying H II regions in H I-selected galaxies

We present results from the first systematic search for outlying H II regions, as part of a sample of 96 emission-line point sources (referred to as ELdots-emission-line dots) derived from the NOAO Survey for Ionization in Neutral Gas Galaxies (SINGG). Our automated ELdot finder searches SINGG narrowband and continuum images for high equivalent width point sources outside the optical radius of the target galaxy (>2 x r(25) in the R band). Follow-up long-slit spectroscopy and deep Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) images (exposure time > 1000 s) distinguish outlying H II regions from background galaxies whose strong emission lines ([O III], H beta, or [O II]) have been redshifted into the SINGG bandpass. We find that these deep GALEX images can serve as a substitute for spectroscopic follow-up because outlying H II regions separate cleanly from background galaxies in color-color space. We identify seven SINGG systems with outlying massive star formation that span a large range in Ha luminosities corresponding to a few O stars in the most nearby cases, and unresolved dwarf satellite companion galaxies in the most distant cases. Six of these seven systems feature galaxies with nearby companions or interacting galaxies. Furthermore, our results indicate that some outlying H II regions are linked to the extended-UV disks discovered by GALEX, representing emission from the most massive O stars among a more abundant population of lower-mass (or older) star clusters. The overall frequency of outlying H II regions in this sample of gas-rich galaxies is 8%-11% when we correct for background emission-line galaxy contamination (similar to 75% of ELdots)
Parental health limitations, caregiving and loneliness among women with widowed parents: longitudinal eveidence from France

We investigate how daughters’ feelings of loneliness are impacted when widowed parents develop health limitations, and when daughters take on personal care tasks in response. Using longitudinal data from daughters of widowed parents drawn from the French Family and Intergenerational Relationships Study (ERFI, 1485 observations nested in 557 daughters), we assess (a) whether health limitations of widowed parents are associated with daughters’ feelings of loneliness regardless of whether or not daughters provide personal care and (b) whether there is an effect of care provision on loneliness that cannot be explained by parental health limitations. Fixed effect regression analyses show that widowed parents’ health limitations were associated with raised feelings of loneliness among their daughters. No significant additional effect of providing personal care to a widowed parent was found. Prior research on the impact of health limitations of older parents on the lives of their adult–children has focused mostly on issues related to informal caregiving. Our findings suggest that more attention to the psychosocial impact of parental health limitations—net of actual caregiving—on adult children’s lives is warranted
Chlorine-enabled electron doping in solution-synthesized SnSe thermoelectric nanomaterials

This work was financially supported by the EPSRC (EP/K022156/1). SRP and JWGB acknowledge the EPSRC for support (EP/N01717X/1). HFG and WZ acknowledge the EPSRC for the Equipment Grant to purchase Titan Themis 200 microscope (EP/L017008/1).An aqueous solution method is developed for the facile synthesis of Cl-containing SnSe nanoparticles in 10 g quantities per batch. The particle size and Cl concentration of the nanoparticles can be efficiently tuned as a function of reaction duration. Hot pressing produces n-type Cl-doped SnSe nanostructured compacts with thermoelectric power factors optimized via control of Cl dopant concentration. This approach, combining an energy-efficient solution synthesis with hot pressing, provides a simple, rapid, and low-cost route to high performance n-type SnSe thermoelectric materials.PostprintPeer reviewe
Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the jets plus missing transverse momentum final state at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for pair production of a scalar partner of the top quark in events with four or more jets plus missing transverse momentum is presented. An analysis of 36.1 fb−1 of s√=13 TeV proton-proton collisions collected using the ATLAS detector at the LHC yields no significant excess over the expected Standard Model background. To interpret the results a simplified supersymmetric model is used where the top squark is assumed to decay via t~1→t(∗)χ~01 and t~1→bχ~±1→bW(∗)χ~01, where χ 1 0 (χ 1 ± ) denotes the lightest neutralino (chargino). Exclusion limits are placed in terms of the top-squark and neutralino masses. Assuming a branching ratio of 100% to tχ~01, top-squark masses in the range 450–1000 GeV are excluded for χ~01 masses below 160 GeV. In the case where mt~1∼mt+mχ~01, top-squark masses in the range 235–590 GeV are excluded
Very high-energy γ -ray observations of novae and dwarf novae with the MAGIC telescopes

Context. In the last five years the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument detected GeV γ-ray emission from five novae. The GeV emission can be interpreted in terms of an inverse Compton process of electrons accelerated in a shock. In this case it is expected that protons in the same conditions can be accelerated to much higher energies. Consequently they may produce a second component in the γ-ray spectrum at TeV energies. Aims. We aim to explore the very high-energy domain to search for γ-ray emission above 50 GeV and to shed light on the acceleration process of leptons and hadrons in nova explosions. Methods. We have performed observations, with the MAGIC telescopes of the classical nova V339 Del shortly after the 2013 outburst; optical and subsequent GeV γ-ray detections triggered the MAGIC observations. We also briefly report on VHE observations of the symbiotic nova YY Her and the dwarf nova ASASSN-13ax. We complement the TeV MAGIC observations with the analysis of contemporaneous Fermi-LAT data of the sources. The TeV and GeV observations are compared in order to evaluate the acceleration parameters for leptons and hadrons. Results. No significant TeV emission was found from the studied sources. We computed upper limits on the spectrum and night-by-night flux. The combined GeV and TeV observations of V339 Del limit the ratio of proton to electron luminosities to Lp ≲ 0.15 Le.M. L. Ahnen, S. Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, P. Antoranz, A. Babic ... Sabrina Einecke ... et al
Mutations in FKBP10 cause recessive osteogenesis imperfecta and Bruck syndrome.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder of connective tissue characterized by bone fragility and alteration in synthesis and posttranslational modification of type I collagen. Autosomal dominant OI is caused by mutations in the genes (COL1A1 or COL1A2) encoding the chains of type I collagen. Bruck syndrome is a recessive disorder featuring congenital contractures in addition to bone fragility; Bruck syndrome type 2 is caused by mutations in PLOD2 encoding collagen lysyl hydroxylase, whereas Bruck syndrome type 1 has been mapped to chromosome 17, with evidence suggesting region 17p12, but the gene has remained elusive so far. Recently, the molecular spectrum of OI has been expanded with the description of the basis of a unique posttranslational modification of type I procollagen, that is, 3-prolyl-hydroxylation. Three proteins, cartilage-associated protein (CRTAP), prolyl-3-hydroxylase-1 (P3H1, encoded by the LEPRE1 gene), and the prolyl cis-trans isomerase cyclophilin-B (PPIB), form a complex that is required for fibrillar collagen 3-prolyl-hydroxylation, and mutations in each gene have been shown to cause recessive forms of OI. Since then, an additional putative collagen chaperone complex, composed of FKBP10 (also known as FKBP65) and SERPINH1 (also known as HSP47), also has been shown to be mutated in recessive OI. Here we describe five families with OI-like bone fragility in association with congenital contractures who all had FKBP10 mutations. Therefore, we conclude that FKBP10 mutations are a cause of recessive osteogenesis imperfecta and Bruck syndrome, possibly Bruck syndrome Type 1 since the location on chromosome 17 has not been definitely localized
Public acceptance towards congestion charge : a case study of Brisbane

This paper investigates public acceptance towards congestion charge in Australia by taking Brisbane as a case study. Public acceptance to congestion charge has often been investigated in the literature. However, few were in the context of an Australian city. This paper fills the gap.\ud
\ud
A face-to-face survey was conducted to solicit public opinions on the congestion charge, should a congestion charge scheme be implemented in the Brisbane City area. The survey data were analysed to pinpoint important factors relevant to people’s attitudes towards congestion charge and to measure their relationships.\ud
\ud
Main findings from our analysis are: (1) the residents’ attitudes towards congestion charge differ by genders and by user groups of transport modes; (2) for each of the three groups (i.e., the auto users, the transit riders, and the whole participants), a positive and stable correlation was found between a participant’s attitude towards congestion charge and the effectiveness of congestion charge on reducing traffic congestion. A negative and stable correlation was also found for all three groups between a participant’s attitude towards congestion charge and congestion charge’s negative impact on the attractiveness of working in the city; (3) the auto users tended to be more sceptical about the service capacity of existing transit systems in coping with extra passengers induced by the implementation of congestion charge; and (4) for people with high income, introducing the congestion charge may have no impact on their travelling to the city
On two and three periodic Lyness difference equations

We describe the sequences {x_n}_n given by the non-autonomous second order
Lyness difference equations x_{n+2}=(a_n+x_{n+1})/x_n, where {a_n}_n is either
a 2-periodic or a 3-periodic sequence of positive values and the initial
conditions x_1,x_2 are as well positive. We also show an interesting phenomenon
of the discrete dynamical systems associated to some of these difference
equations: the existence of one oscillation of their associated rotation number
functions. This behavior does not appear for the autonomous Lyness difference
equations.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figure
A Motivating Exploration on Lunar Craters and Low-Energy Dynamics in the
  Earth -- Moon System

It is known that most of the craters on the surface of the Moon were created
by the collision of minor bodies of the Solar System. Main Belt Asteroids,
which can approach the terrestrial planets as a consequence of different types
of resonance, are actually the main responsible for this phenomenon. Our aim is
to investigate the impact distributions on the lunar surface that low-energy
dynamics can provide. As a first approximation, we exploit the hyberbolic
invariant manifolds associated with the central invariant manifold around the
equilibrium point L_2 of the Earth - Moon system within the framework of the
Circular Restricted Three - Body Problem. Taking transit trajectories at
several energy levels, we look for orbits intersecting the surface of the Moon
and we attempt to define a relationship between longitude and latitude of
arrival and lunar craters density. Then, we add the gravitational effect of the
Sun by considering the Bicircular Restricted Four - Body Problem. As further
exploration, we assume an uniform density of impact on the lunar surface,
looking for the regions in the Earth - Moon neighbourhood these colliding
trajectories have to come from. It turns out that low-energy ejecta originated
from high-energy impacts are also responsible of the phenomenon we are
considering.Comment: The paper is being published in Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical
  Astronomy, vol. 107 (2010
The non-relativistic limit of (central-extended) Poincare group and some
  consequences for quantum actualization

The nonrelativistic limit of the centrally extended Poincar\'e group is
considered and their consequences in the modal Hamiltonian interpretation of
quantum mechanics are discussed [ O. Lombardi and M. Castagnino, Stud. Hist.
Philos. Mod. Phys 39, 380 (2008) ; J. Phys, Conf. Ser. 128, 012014 (2008) ].
Through the assumption that in quantum field theory the Casimir operators of
the Poincar\'e group actualize, the nonrelativistic limit of the latter group
yields to the actualization of the Casimir operators of the Galilei group,
which is in agreement with the actualization rule of previous versions of modal
Hamiltonian interpretation [ Ardenghi et al., Found. Phys. (submitted)
Diffuse Galactic continuum gamma rays

Galactic diffuse continuum gamma-ray emission is intricately related to
cosmic-ray physics and radio astronomy. We describe recent results from an
approach which endeavours to take advantage of this. Information from
cosmic-ray composition constrains the propagation of cosmic rays; this in turn
can be used as input for gamma-ray models. The GeV gamma-ray excess cannot be
explained as neutral pion decay resulting from a hard nucleon spectrum without
violating antiproton and positron data; the best explanation at present appears
to be inverse-Compton emission from a hard interstellar electron spectrum. One
consequence is an increased importance of Galactic inverse Compton for
estimates of the extragalactic background. At low energies, an additional
point-source component of gamma-rays seems to be necessary.Comment: 8 pages, 15 ps-figures; invited talk, to appear in Proc. 5th Compton
  Symp. (Portsmouth, NH, Sep. 1999), AIP, in press. More details can be found
  at http://www.gamma.mpe-garching.mpg.de/~aws/aws.htm
pi+ pi0 Mass Difference in the Hidden Local Symmetry: A Dynamical Origin
  of Little Higgs

We calculate pi+ pi0 mass difference $\Delta m_\pi^2 \equiv m_{\pi^+}^2
-m_{\pi^0}^2$ in the Hidden Local Symmetry (HLS) model, based on the Wilsonian
matching and Wilsonian renormalization-group equations. Even without a1 meson
the result agrees well with the experiment in sharp contrast to the
conventional approach where the a1 meson plays a crucial role. For large Nf
QCD, there arises a large hierarchy between $\Delta m_\pi^2$ and the pi decay
constant $F_\pi^2$, $\Delta m_\pi^2/F_\pi^2 \ll 1$, near the critical point
where the chiral symmetry gets restored as the vector manifestation and the HLS
model becomes a little Higgs model with two sites and two links, with the
dynamically generated gauge coupling of the composite rho becoming vanishingly
small.Comment: 4 page
Isospin violating effects in e+e- vs. tau measurements of the pion form
  factor |F_pi|^2 (s)

We study possible so far unaccounted isospin breaking effects in the relation
between the pion form factor as determined in e^+e^- experiments and the
corresponding quantity obtained after accounting for known isospin breaking
effects by an isospin rotation from the tau--decay spectra. In fact the
observed 10% discrepancy in the respective pion form factors may be explained
by the isospin breaking which is due to the difference between masses and
widths of the charged and neutral rho mesons. Since the hadronic contribution
to the muon anomalous magnetic moment can be calculated directly in terms of
the e^+e^- - data the corresponding evaluation seems to be more reliable. Our
estimate is a_mu(had)=694.8(8.6) x 10^{-10}. The tau - data are usefull at the
presently aimed level of accuracy only after appropriate input from theory.Comment: 11 pages, Latex, 1 table, 3 figures; update: several points described
  in more detail, slightly shifted fit parameters (Tab.1), 3 citations adde
Lorentz invariant ensembles of vector backgrounds

We consider gauge field theories in the presence of ensembles of vector
backgrounds. While Lorentz invariance is explicitely broken in the presence of
any single background, here, the Lorentz invariance of the theory is restored
by averaging over a Lorentz invariant ensemble of backgrounds, i.e. a set of
background vectors that is mapped onto itself under Lorentz transformations.
This framewkork is used to study the effects of a non-trivial but Lorentz
invariant vacuum structure or mass dimension two vector condensates by
identifying the background with a shift of the gauge field. Up to now, the
ensembles used in the literature comprise configurations corresponding to
non-zero field tensors together with such with vanishing field strength. We
find that even when constraining the ensembles to pure gauge configurations,
the usual high-energy degrees of freedom are removed from the spectrum of
asymptotic states in the presence of said backgrounds in euclidean and in
Minkowski space. We establish this result not only for the propagators to all
orders in the background and otherwise at tree level but for the full
propagator.Comment: 6 pages, no figures, submitted to PL
Dynamically generated 0^+ heavy mesons in a heavy chiral unitary
  approach

In terms of the heavy chiral Lagrangian and the unitarized coupled-channel
scattering amplitude, interaction between the heavy meson and the light
pseudoscalar meson is studied. By looking for the pole of scattering matrix on
an appropriate Riemann sheet, a $DK$ bound state $D_{s0}^*$ with the mass of
$2.312\pm0.041$ GeV is found. This state can be associated as the narrow
$D_{sJ}^*(2317)$ state found recently. In the same way, a $B{\bar K}$ bound
state $B_{s0}^*$ is found, and its mass of $5.725\pm0.039$ GeV is predicted.
The spectra of $D_0^*$ and $B_0^*$ with $I=1/2$ are further investigated. One
broad and one narrow states are predicted in both charm and bottom sectors. The
coupling constants and decay widths of the predicted states are also
calculated.Comment: 15 pages, 1 figure. One numerical error in Eq.16 correcte