pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Experimental assessment of probabilistic integrated object recognition and tracking methods

This paper presents a comparison of two classifiers that are used as a first step within a probabilistic object recognition and tracking framework called PIORT. This first step is a static recognition module that provides class probabilities for each pixel of the image from a set of local features. One of the implemented classifiers is a Bayesian method based on maximum likelihood and the other one is based on a neural network. The experimental results show that, on one hand, both classifiers (although they are very different approaches) yield a similar performance when they are integrated within the tracking framework. And on the other hand, our object recognition and tracking framework obtains good results when compared to other published tracking methods in video sequences taken with a moving camera and including total and partial occlusions of the tracked object.Preprin
CONGAS: a collaborative ontology development framework based on Named GrAphS

The process of ontology development involves a range of skills and know-how often requiring team work of different people, each of them with his own way of contributing to the definition and formalization of the domain representation. For this reason, collaborative development is an important feature for ontology editing tools, and should take into account the different characteristics of team participants, provide them with a dedicated working environment allowing to express their ideas and creativity, still protecting integrity of the shared work. In this paper we present CONGAS, a collaborative version of the Knowledge Management and Acquisition platform Semantic Turkey which, exploiting the potentialities brought by recent introduction of context management into RDF triple graphs, offers a collaborative environment where proposals for ontology evolution can emerge and coexist, be evaluated by team users, trusted across different perspectives and eventually converged into the main development stream
Distributed and collaborative software analysis

Throughout the years software engineers have come up with a myriad of specialized tools and techniques that focus on a certain type of software analysis such as source code analysis, duplication analysis, co-change analysis, bug prediction, or detection of bug fixing patterns. However, easy and straight forward synergies between these analyses and tools rarely exist because of their stand-alone nature, their platform dependence, their different input and output formats and the variety of data to analyze. As a consequence, distributed and collaborative software analysis scenarios and in particular interoperability are severely limited. We describe a distributed and collaborative software analysis platform that allows for a seamless interoperability of software analysis tools across platform, geographical and organizational boundaries. We realize software analysis tools as services that can be accessed and composed over the Internet. These distributed analysis services shall be widely accessible in our incrementally augmented Software Analysis Broker where organizations and tool providers can register and share their tools. To allow (semi)-automatic use and composition of these tools, they are classified and mapped into a software analysis taxonomy and adhere to specific meta-models and ontologies for their category of analysis
High-resolution spectroscopy of the R Coronae Borealis and Other
  Hydrogen Deficient Stars

High-resolution spectroscopy is a very important tool for studying stellar
physics, perhaps, particularly so for such enigmatic objects like the R Coronae
Borealis and related Hydrogen deficient stars that produce carbon dust in
addition to their peculiar abundances.
  Examples of how high-resolution spectroscopy is used in the study of these
stars to address the two major puzzles are presented: (i) How are such rare
H-deficient stars created? and (ii) How and where are the obscuring soot clouds
produced around the R Coronae Borealis stars?Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings,
  Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 201
Element Abundance Determination in Hot Evolved Stars

The hydrogen-deficiency in extremely hot post-AGB stars of spectral class
PG1159 is probably caused by a (very) late helium-shell flash or a AGB final
thermal pulse that consumes the hydrogen envelope, exposing the usually-hidden
intershell region. Thus, the photospheric element abundances of these stars
allow us to draw conclusions about details of nuclear burning and mixing
processes in the precursor AGB stars. We compare predicted element abundances
to those determined by quantitative spectral analyses performed with advanced
non-LTE model atmospheres. A good qualitative and quantitative agreement is
found for many species (He, C, N, O, Ne, F, Si, Ar) but discrepancies for
others (P, S, Fe) point at shortcomings in stellar evolution models for AGB
stars. Almost all of the chemical trace elements in these hot stars can only be
identified in the UV spectral range. The Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer
and the Hubble Space Telescope played a crucial role for this research.Comment: To appear in: Recent Advances in Spectroscopy: Theoretical,
  Astrophysical, and Experimental Perspectives, Proceedings, Jan 28 - 31, 2009,
  Kodaikanal, India (Springer
Randomized tree ensembles for object detection in computational pathology

Modern pathology broadly searches for biomarkers which are predictive for the survival of patients or the progression of cancer. Due to the lack of robust analysis algorithms this work is still performed manually by estimating staining on whole slides or tissue microarrays (TMA). Therefore, the design of decision support systems which can automate cancer diagnosis as well as objectify it pose a highly challenging problem for the medical imaging community.\ud
In this paper we propose Relational Detection Forests (RDF) as a novel object detection algorithm, which can be applied in an off-the-shelf manner to a large variety of tasks. The contributions of this work are twofold: (i) we describe a feature set which is able to capture shape information as well as local context. Furthermore, the feature set is guaranteed to be generally applicable due to its high flexibility. (ii) we present an ensemble learning algorithm based on randomized trees, which can cope with exceptionally high dimensional feature spaces in an efficient manner. Contrary to classical approaches, subspaces are not split based on thresholds but by learning relations between features. The algorithm is validated on tissue from 133 human clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients (ccRCC) and on murine liver samples of eight mice. On both species RDFs compared favorably to state of the art methods and approaches the detection accuracy of trained pathologists
Deconvolving Active Contours for Fluorescence Microscopy Images

We extend active contours to constrained iterative deconvolution by replacing the external energy function with a model-based likelihood. This enables sub-pixel estimation of the outlines of diffractionlimited objects, such as intracellular structures, from fluorescence micrographs. We present an efficient algorithm for solving the resulting optimization problem and robustly estimate object outlines. We benchmark the algorithm on artificial images and assess its practical utility on fluorescence micrographs of the Golgi and endosomes in live cells
Spectral Classification; Old and Contemporary

Beginning with a historical account of the spectral classification, its
refinement through additional criteria is presented. The line strengths and
ratios used in two dimensional classifications of each spectral class are
described. A parallel classification scheme for metal-poor stars and the
standards used for classification are presented. The extension of spectral
classification beyond M to L and T and spectroscopic classification criteria
relevant to these classes are described. Contemporary methods of
classifications based upon different automated approaches are introduced.Comment: To be published in "Principles and Perspectives in Cosmochemistry"
  Lecture Notes on Kodai School on Synthesis of Elements in Stars: Ed Aruna
  Goswami & Eswar Reddy, Springer Verlag, 2009, 17 pages, 10 figure
Massive stars as thermonuclear reactors and their explosions following
  core collapse

Nuclear reactions transform atomic nuclei inside stars. This is the process
of stellar nucleosynthesis. The basic concepts of determining nuclear reaction
rates inside stars are reviewed. How stars manage to burn their fuel so slowly
most of the time are also considered. Stellar thermonuclear reactions involving
protons in hydrostatic burning are discussed first. Then I discuss triple alpha
reactions in the helium burning stage. Carbon and oxygen survive in red giant
stars because of the nuclear structure of oxygen and neon. Further nuclear
burning of carbon, neon, oxygen and silicon in quiescent conditions are
discussed next. In the subsequent core-collapse phase, neutronization due to
electron capture from the top of the Fermi sea in a degenerate core takes
place. The expected signal of neutrinos from a nearby supernova is calculated.
The supernova often explodes inside a dense circumstellar medium, which is
established due to the progenitor star losing its outermost envelope in a
stellar wind or mass transfer in a binary system. The nature of the
circumstellar medium and the ejecta of the supernova and their dynamics are
revealed by observations in the optical, IR, radio, and X-ray bands, and I
discuss some of these observations and their interpretations.Comment: To be published in " Principles and Perspectives in Cosmochemistry"
  Lecture Notes on Kodai School on Synthesis of Elements in Stars; ed. by Aruna
  Goswami & Eswar Reddy, Springer Verlag, 2009. Contains 21 figure
Improved cryptanalysis of skein

This conference paper was presented at Asiacrypt '09(http://asiacrypt2009.cipher.risk.tsukuba.ac.jp/)and subsequently published in the series, Lecture Notes in Computer Science [© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg] at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10366-7_32The hash function Skein is the submission of Ferguson et\ud
al. to the NIST Hash Competition, and is arguably a serious candidate\ud
for selection as SHA-3. This paper presents the  rst third-party analysis\ud
of Skein, with an extensive study of its main component: the block\ud
cipher Three sh. We notably investigate near collisions, distinguishers,\ud
impossible di erentials, key recovery using related-key di erential and\ud
boomerang attacks. In particular, we present near collisions on up to 17\ud
rounds, an impossible di erential on 21 rounds, a related-key boomerang\ud
distinguisher on 34 rounds, a known-related-key boomerang distinguisher\ud
on 35 rounds, and key recovery attacks on up to 32 rounds, out of 72 in\ud
total for Threefish-512. None of our attacks directly extends to the full\ud
Skein hash. However, the pseudorandomness of Threefish is required to\ud
validate the security proofs on Skein, and our results conclude that at\ud
least 3
Generating interface grammars from WSDL for automated verification of web services

Interface grammars are a formalism for expressing constraints on sequences of messages exchanged between two components. In this paper, we extend interface grammars with an automated translation of XML Schema definitions present in WSDL documents into interface grammar rules. Given an interface grammar, we can then automatically generate either 1) a parser, to check that a sequence of messages generated by a web service client is correct with respect to the interface specification, or 2) a sentence generator producing compliant message sequences, to check that the web service responds to them according to the interface specification. By doing so, we can validate and generate both messages and sequences of messages in a uniform manner; moreover, we can express constraints where message structure and control flow cannot be handled separately
System integration supporting evolutionary development and design

With robotic systems entering our daily life, they have to become more flexible and subsuming a multitude of abilities in one single integrated system. Sub- sequently an increased extensibility of the robots’ system architectures is needed. The goal is to facilitate a long-time evolution of the integrated system in-line with the scientific progress on the algorithmic level. In this paper we present an approach developed for an event-driven robot architecture, focussing on the coordination and interplay of new abilities and components. Appropriate timing, sequencing strategies, execution guaranties, and process flow synchronisation are taken into account to allow appropriate arbitration and interaction between components as well as between the integrated system and the user. The presented approach features dynamic reconfiguration and global coordination based on simple production rules. These are applied first time in conjunction with flexible representations in global memory spaces and an event-driven architecture. As a result a highly adaptive robot control compared to alternative approaches is achieved, allowing system modification during runtime even within complex interactive human-robot scenarios
Performance of the sleep-mode mechanism of the new IEEE 802.16m proposal for correlated downlink traffic

There is a considerable interest nowadays in making wireless telecommunication more energy-efficient. The sleep-mode mechanism in WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e) is one of such energy saving measures. Recently, Samsung proposed some modifications on the sleep-mode mechanism, scheduled to appear in the forthcoming IEEE 802.16m standard, aimed at minimizing the signaling overhead. In this work, we present a performance analysis of this proposal and clarify the differences with the standard mechanism included in IEEE 802.16e. We also propose some special algorithms aimed at reducing the computational complexity of the analysis
Towards tailored communication networks in assemblies of artificial cells

Living Technology is researching novel IT making strong use of programmable chemical systems. These chemical systems shall finally converge to artificial cells resulting in evolvable complex information systems. We focus on procedural manageability and information processing capabilities of such information systems. Here, we present a novel resource-saving formation, processing, and examination procedure to generate and handle single compartments representing preliminary stages of artificial cells. Its potential is exemplified by testing the influence of different glycerophospholipids on the stability of the compartments. We discuss how the procedure could be used both in evolutionary optimization of self-assembling amphiphilic systems and in engineering tailored communication networks enabling life-like information processing in multicompartment aggregates of programmable composition and spatial configuration
Multivesicular assemblies as real-world testbeds for embryogenic evolutionary systems

Embryogenic evolution emulates in silico cell-like entities to get more powerful methods for complex evolutionary tasks. As simulations have to abstract from the biological model, implicit information hidden in its physics is lost. Here, we propose to use cell-like entities as a real-world in vitro testbed. In analogy to evolutionary robotics, where solutions evolved in simulations may be tested in real-world on macroscale, the proposed vesicular testbed would do the same for the embryogenic evolutionary tasks on mesoscale. As a first step towards a vesicular testbed emulating growth, cell division, and cell differentiation, we present a modified vesicle production method, providing custom-tailored chemical cargo, and present a novel self-assembly procedure to provide vesicle aggregates of programmable composition
Verification of the indoor GPS system by comparison with points calibrated using a network of laser tracker measurements

This paper details a method of determining the uncertainty of dimensional measurement for a three dimensional coordinate measurement machine. An experimental procedure was developed to compare three dimensional coordinate measurements with calibrated reference points. The reference standard used to calibrate these reference points was a fringe counting interferometer with the multilateration technique employed to establish three dimensional coordinates. This is an extension of the established technique of comparing measured lengths with calibrated lengths. Specifically a distributed coordinate measurement device was tested which consisted of a network of Rotary-Laser Automatic Theodolites (R-LATs), this system is known commercially as indoor GPS (iGPS). The method was found to be practical and able to establish that the expanded uncertainty of the basic iGPS system was approximately 1 mm at a 95% confidence level
Design of an information system for metrology contents

Dimensional and form inspections are key to the manufacturing and assembly of products. Product verification can involve a number of different measuring instruments operated using their dedicated software. Typically, each of these instruments with their associated software is more suitable for the verification of a pre-specified quality characteristic of the product than others. The number of different systems and software applications to perform a complete measurement of products and assemblies within a manufacturing organisation is therefore expected to be large. This number becomes even larger as advances in measurement technologies are made. The idea of a universal software application for any instrument still appears to be only a theoretical possibility. A need for information integration is apparent. In this paper, a design of an information system to consistently manage (store, search, retrieve, search, secure) measurement results from various instruments and software applications is introduced. Two of the main ideas underlying the proposed system include abstracting structures and formats of measurement files from the data so that complexity and compatibility between different approaches to measurement data modelling is avoided. Secondly, the information within a file is enriched with meta-information to facilitate its consistent storage and retrieval. To demonstrate the designed information system, a web application is implemented
Extensions of the cube attack based on low degree annihilators

At Crypto 2008, Shamir introduced a new algebraic attack called the cube attack, which allows us to solve black-box polynomials if we are able to tweak the inputs by varying an initialization vector. In a stream cipher setting where the filter function is known, we can extend it to the cube attack with annihilators: By applying the cube attack to Boolean functions for which we can find low-degree multiples (equivalently annihilators), the attack complexity can be improved. When the size of the filter function is smaller than the LFSR, we can improve the attack complexity further by considering a sliding window version of the cube attack with annihilators. Finally, we extend the cube attack to vectorial Boolean functions by finding implicit relations with low-degree polynomials
Uniform Interpolation for ALC Revisited

The notion of uniform interpolation for description logic ALC has  been introduced in the literature. In this paper, we reformulate the uniform interpolation  for ALC from the angle of forgetting and show that it satisfies all desired properties  of forgetting. Then we introduce an algorithm for computing the result of  forgetting in concept descriptions. We present a detailed proof for the correctness  of our algorithm using the Tableau for ALC . Our results have been used to  compute forgetting for ALC knowledge bases.Griffith Sciences, School of Information and Communication TechnologyFull Tex
Quantum phase transitions of antiferromagnets and the cuprate
  superconductors

I begin with a proposed global phase diagram of the cuprate superconductors
as a function of carrier concentration, magnetic field, and temperature, and
highlight its connection to numerous recent experiments. The phase diagram is
then used as a point of departure for a pedagogical review of various quantum
phases and phase transitions of insulators, superconductors, and metals. The
bond operator method is used to describe the transition of dimerized
antiferromagnetic insulators between magnetically ordered states and spin-gap
states. The Schwinger boson method is applied to frustrated square lattice
antiferromagnets: phase diagrams containing collinear and spirally ordered
magnetic states, Z_2 spin liquids, and valence bond solids are presented, and
described by an effective gauge theory of spinons. Insights from these theories
of insulators are then applied to a variety of symmetry breaking transitions in
d-wave superconductors. The latter systems also contain fermionic
quasiparticles with a massless Dirac spectrum, and their influence on the order
parameter fluctuations and quantum criticality is carefully discussed. I
conclude with an introduction to strong coupling problems associated with
symmetry breaking transitions in two-dimensional metals, where the order
parameter fluctuations couple to a gapless line of fermionic excitations along
the Fermi surface.Comment: 49 pages, 19 figures; Lectures at the Les Houches School on "Modern
  theories of correlated electron systems", France, May 2009; and at the
  Mahabaleshwar Condensed Matter School, International Center for Theoretical
  Sciences, India, Dec 2009; (v2) expanded introductory discussion of cuprate
  phase diagram; (v2) corrected typo
Many body physics from a quantum information perspective

The quantum information approach to many body physics has been very
successful in giving new insight and novel numerical methods. In these lecture
notes we take a vertical view of the subject, starting from general concepts
and at each step delving into applications or consequences of a particular
topic. We first review some general quantum information concepts like
entanglement and entanglement measures, which leads us to entanglement area
laws. We then continue with one of the most famous examples of area-law abiding
states: matrix product states, and tensor product states in general. Of these,
we choose one example (classical superposition states) to introduce recent
developments on a novel quantum many body approach: quantum kinetic Ising
models. We conclude with a brief outlook of the field.Comment: Lectures from the Les Houches School on "Modern theories of
  correlated electron systems". Improved version new references adde
An integrated formal methods tool-chain and its application to verifying a file system model

Tool interoperability as a mean to achieve integration is among the main goals of the international Grand Challenge initiative. In the context of the Verifiable file system mini-challenge put forward by Rajeev Joshi and Gerard Holzmann, this paper focuses on the integration of different formal methods and tools in modelling and verifying an abstract file system inspired by the Intel (R) Flash File System Core. We combine high-level manual specification and proofs with current state of the art mechanical verification tools into a tool-chain which involves Alloy, VDM++ and HOL. The use of (pointfree) relation modelling provides the glue which binds these tools together.Mondrian Project funded by the Portuguese NSF under contract PTDC/EIA-CCO/108302/200