pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Diffractive and non-diffractive wounded nucleons and final states in pA
  collisions

We review the state-of-the-art of Glauber-inspired models for estimating the
distribution of the number of participating nucleons in pA and AA collisions.
We argue that there is room for improvement in these models when it comes to
the treatment of diffractive excitation processes, and present a new simple
Glauber-like model where these processes are better taken into account. We also
suggest a new way of using the number of participating, or wounded, nucleons to
extrapolate event characteristics from pp collisions, and hence get an estimate
of basic hadronic final-state properties in pA collisions, which may be used to
extract possible nuclear effects. The new method is inspired by the Fritiof
model, but based on the full, semi-hard multiparton interaction model of Pythia
8.Comment: 50 pages, 13 figure
The g-theorem and quantum information theory

We study boundary renormalization group flows between boundary conformal
field theories in $1+1$ dimensions using methods of quantum information theory.
We define an entropic $g$-function for theories with impurities in terms of the
relative entanglement entropy, and we prove that this $g$-function decreases
along boundary renormalization group flows. This entropic $g$-theorem is valid
at zero temperature, and is independent from the $g$-theorem based on the
thermal partition function. We also discuss the mutual information in boundary
RG flows, and how it encodes the correlations between the impurity and bulk
degrees of freedom. Our results provide a quantum-information understanding of
(boundary) RG flow as increase of distinguishability between the UV fixed point
and the theory along the RG flow.Comment: 34 pages + appendices, 8 figures. v2. Improved and corrected version
  of the proo
A New Spin on Causality Constraints

Causality in a shockwave state is related to the analytic properties of a
four-point correlation function. Extending recent results for scalar probes, we
show that this constrains the couplings of the stress tensor to light spinning
operators in conformal field theory, and interpret these constraints in terms
of the interaction with null energy. For spin-1 and spin-2 conserved currents
in four dimensions, the resulting inequalities are a subset of the
Hofman-Maldacena conditions for positive energy deposition. It is well known
that energy conditions in holographic theories are related to causality on the
gravity side; our results make a connection on the CFT side, and extend it to
non-holographic theories.Comment: 24+10 page
Kerr-Newman Black Holes with String Corrections

We study $\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity with higher-derivative corrections that
preserve the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry and show that Kerr-Newman black
holes are solutions to these theories. Modifications of the black hole entropy
due to the higher derivatives are universal and apply even in the BPS and
Schwarzschild limits. Our solutions and their entropy are greatly simplified by
supersymmetry of the theory even though the black holes generally do not
preserve any of the supersymmetry.Comment: 27 pages, 4 table
Charge diffusion and the butterfly effect in striped holographic matter

Recently, it has been proposed that the butterfly velocity - a speed at which
quantum information propagates - may provide a fundamental bound on diffusion
constants in dirty incoherent metals. We analytically compute the charge
diffusion constant and the butterfly velocity in charge-neutral holographic
matter with long wavelength "hydrodynamic" disorder in a single spatial
direction. In this limit, we find that the butterfly velocity does not set a
sharp lower bound for the charge diffusion constant.Comment: 16+7 pages; 1 figure. v2: published versio
Higher-spin charges in Hamiltonian form. I. Bose fields

We study asymptotic charges for symmetric massless higher-spin fields on Anti
de Sitter backgrounds of arbitrary dimension within the canonical formalism. We
first analyse in detail the spin-3 example: we cast Fronsdal's action in
Hamiltonian form, we derive the charges and we propose boundary conditions on
the canonical variables that secure their finiteness. We then extend the
computation of charges and the characterisation of boundary conditions to
arbitrary spin.Comment: 44 pages. References and comments added; version to appear in JHE
Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay in LRSM with Natural Type-II seesaw
  Dominance

We present a detailed discussion on neutrinoless double beta decay within a
class of left-right symmetric models where neutrino mass originates by natural
type-II seesaw dominance. The spontaneous symmetry breaking is implemented with
doublets, triplets and bidoublet scalars. The fermion sector is extended with
an extra sterile neutrino per generation that helps in implementing the seesaw
mechanism. The presence of extra particles in the model exactly cancels type-I
seesaw and allows large value for Dirac neutrino mass matrix $M_D$. The key
feature of this work is that all the physical masses and mixing are expressed
in terms of neutrino oscillation parameters and lightest neutrino mass thereby
facilitating to constrain light neutrino masses from $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay.
With this large value of $M_D$ new contributions arise due to; i) purely
left-handed current via exchange of heavy right-handed neutrinos as well as
sterile neutrinos, ii) the so called $\lambda$ and $\eta$ diagrams. New physics
contributions also arise from right-handed currents with right-handed gauge
boson $W_R$ mass around $3$~TeV. From the numerical study, we find that the new
contributions to $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay not only saturate the current
experimental bound but also give lower limit on absolute scale of lightest
neutrino mass and favor NH pattern of light neutrino mass hierarchy.Comment: 40 pages, Discussion added on NMEs uncertainty, Version accepted in
  JHE
General Solution of the Scattering Equations

The scattering equations, originally introduced by Fairlie and Roberts in
1972 and more recently shown by Cachazo, He and Yuan to provide a kinematic
basis for describing tree amplitudes for massless particles in arbitrary
space-time dimension, have been reformulated in polynomial form. The scattering
equations for N particles are equivalent to N-3 polynomial equations h_m=0,
m=1,...,N-3, in N-3 variables, where h_m has degree m and is linear in the
individual variables. Facilitated by this linearity, elimination theory is used
to construct a single variable polynomial equation of degree (N-3)! determining
the solutions. \Delta_N is the sparse resultant of the system of polynomial
scattering equations and it can be identified as the hyperdeterminant of a
multidimensional matrix of border format within the terminology of Gel'fand,
Kapranov and Zelevinsky. Macaulay's Unmixedness Theorem is used to show that
the polynomials of the scattering equations constitute a regular sequence,
enabling the Hilbert series of the variety determined by the scattering
equations to be calculated, independently showing that they have (N-3)!
solutions.Comment: v2 completes the proof that the construction yields \Delta_N for all
  N, identifies it as the hyperdeterminant of a multidimensional matrix, and
  proves that the polynomial scattering equations constitute a regular
  sequence, enabling the Hilbert series of the associated variety to be
  calculated, 26 page
Supersymmetry Enhancement and Junctions in S-folds

We study supersymmetry enhancement from ${\cal N}=3$ to ${\cal N}=4$ proposed
by Aharony and Tachikawa by using string junctions in S-folds. The central
charges carried by junctions play a central role in our analysis. We consider
planer junctions in a specific plane. Before the S-folding they carry two
complex central charges, which we denote by $Z$ and $\bar Z$. The S-fold
projection eliminates $\bar Z$ as well as one of the four supercharges, and
when the supersymmetry is enhanced $\bar Z$ should be reproduced by some
non-perturbative mechanism. For the models of $\mathbb{Z}_3$ and $\mathbb{Z}_4$
S-folds which are expected to give $SU(3)$ and $SO(5)$ ${\cal N}=4$ theories we
compare the junction spectra with those in perturbative brane realization of
the same theories. We establish one-to-one correspondence so that $Z$
coincides. By using the correspondence we also give an expression for the
enhanced central charge $\bar Z$.Comment: 30 pages, 7 figures, v2: minor corrections, version accepted for
  publication in JHE
Exploring The Lambda Model Of The Hybrid Superstring

The purpose of this contribution is to initiate the study of integrable
deformations for different superstring theory formalisms that manifest the
property of (classical) integrability. In this paper we choose the hybrid
formalism of the superstring in the background AdS_{2}xS^{2} and explore in
detail the most immediate consequences of its lambda-deformation. The resulting
action functional corresponds to the lambda-model of the matter part of the
fairly more sophisticated pure spinor formalism, which is also known to be
classical integrable. In particular, the deformation preserves the
integrability and the one-loop conformal invariance of its parent theory, hence
being a marginal deformation.Comment: LaTex, 37 pages, references added, match published version in Journal
  of High Energy Physics, 201
Condensate flow in holographic models in the presence of dark matter

Holographic model of a three-dimensional current carrying superconductor or
superfluid with {\it dark matter} sector described by the additional
$U(1)$-gauge field coupled to the ordinary Maxwell one, has been studied in the
probe limit. We investigated analytically by the Sturm-Liouville variational
method, the holographic s-wave and p-wave models in the background of the AdS
soliton as well as five-dimensional AdS black hole spacetimes. The two models
of p-wave superfluids were considered, the so called $SU(2)$ and the
Maxwell-vector. Special attention has been paid to the dependence of the
critical chemical potential and critical transition temperature on the velocity
of the condensate and {\it dark matter} parameters. The current $J$ in
holographic three-dimensional superconductor studied here, shows the linear
dependence on $T_c-T$ for both s and p-wave symmetry. This is in a significant
contrast with the previously obtained results for two-dimensional
superconductors, which reveal the $(T-T_c)^{3/2}$ temperature dependence. The
coupling constant $\alpha$, as well as, chemical potential $\mu_D$ and the
velocity $S_D$ of the {\it dark matter}, affect the critical chemical potential
of the p-wave holographic $SU(2)$ system. On the other hand, $\alpha$, {\it
dark matter} velocity $S_D$ and density $\rho_D$ determine the actual value of
the transition temperature of the same superconductor/superfluid set up.
However, the {\it dark matter} does not affect the value of the current.Comment: Completely rewritten version. Added new references and the discussion
  of experimental relevance. 36 pages. JHEP style - file include
Associated production of a quarkonium and a Z boson at one loop in a
  quark-hadron-duality approach

In view of the large discrepancy about the associated production of a prompt
$J/\psi$ and a $Z$ boson between the ATLAS data at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV and
theoretical predictions for Single Parton Scattering (SPS) contributions, we
perform an evaluation of the corresponding cross section at one loop accuracy
(Next-to-Leading Order, NLO) in a quark-hadron-duality approach, also known as
the Colour-Evaporation Model (CEM). This work is motivated by (i) the extremely
disparate predictions based on the existing NRQCD fits conjugated with the
absence of a full NLO NRQCD computation and (ii) the fact that we believe that
such an evaluation provides a likely upper limit of the SPS cross section. In
addition to these theory improvements, we argue that the ATLAS estimation of
the Double Parton Scattering (DPS) yield may be underestimated by a factor as
large as 3 which then reduces the size of the SPS yield extracted from the
ATLAS data. Our NLO SPS evaluation also allows us to set an upper limit on
$\sigma_{\rm eff}$ driving the size of the DPS yield. Overall, the discrepancy
between theory and experiment may be smaller than expected, which calls for
further analyses by ATLAS and CMS, for which we provide predictions, and for
full NLO computations in other models. As an interesting side product of our
analysis, we have performed the first NLO computation of $d\sigma / dP_T$ for
prompt single-$J/\psi$ production in the CEM from which we have fit the CEM
non-pertubative parameter at NLO using the most recent ATLAS data.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. LaTeX uses jheppub.st
Velocity Statistics in Holographic Fluids: Magnetized Quark-Gluon Plasma
  and Superfluid Flow

We study the velocity statistics distribution of an external heavy particle
in holographic fluids. We argue that when the dual supergravity background has
a finite temperature horizon the velocity statistics goes generically as $1/v$,
compatible with the jet-quenching intuition from the quark-gluon plasma. A
careful analysis of the behavior of the classical string whose apparent
worldsheet horizon deviates from the background horizon reveals that other
regimes are possible. We numerically discuss two cases: the magnetized
quark-gluon plasma and a model of superfluid flow. We explore a range of
parameters in these top-down supergravity solutions including, respectively,
the magnetic field and the superfluid velocity. We determine that the velocity
statistics goes largely as $1/v$, however, as we leave the non-relativistic
regime we observe some deviations.Comment: 32 pages, 12 figures, references added and minor correction
On Multifield Born and Born-Infeld Theories and their non-Abelian
  Generalizations

Starting from a recently proposed linear formulation in terms of auxiliary
fields, we study $n$-field generalizations of Born and Born-Infeld theories. In
this description the Lagrangian is quadratic in the vector field strengths and
the symmetry properties (including the characteristic self-duality) of the
corresponding non-linear theory are manifest as on-shell duality symmetries and
depend on the choice of the (homogeneous) manifold spanned by the auxiliary
scalar fields and the symplectic frame. By suitably choosing these defining
properties of the quadratic Lagrangian, we are able to reproduce some known
multi-field Born-Infeld theories and to derive new non-linear models, such as
the $n$-field Born theory. We also discuss non-Abelian generalizations of these
theories obtained by choosing the vector fields in the adjoint representation
of an off-shell compact global symmetry group $K$ and replacing them by
non-Abelian, $K$-covariant field strengths, thus promoting $K$ to a gauge
group.Comment: 22 pages, LaTeX source, minor corrections and references adde
Hawking versus Unruh effects, or the difficulty of slowly crossing a
  black hole horizon

When analyzing the perception of Hawking radiation by different observers,
the Hawking effect becomes mixed with the Unruh effect. The separation of both
effects is not always clear in the literature. Here we propose an
inconsistency-free interpretation of what constitutes a Hawking effect and what
an Unruh effect. An appropriate interpretation is important in order to
elucidate what sort of effects a detector might experience depending on its
trajectory and the state of the quantum field. Under simplifying assumptions we
introduce an analytic formula that separates these two effects. Armed with the
previous interpretation we argue that for a free-falling detector to cross the
horizon without experiencing high-energy effects, it is necessary that the
horizon crossing is not attempted at low velocities.Comment: Minor corrections to match the published version. 14 pages, 2 figure
Four-dimensional unsubtraction with massive particles

We extend the four-dimensional unsubtraction method, which is based on the
loop-tree duality (LTD), to deal with processes involving heavy particles. The
method allows to perform the summation over degenerate IR configurations
directly at integrand level in such a way that NLO corrections can be
implemented directly in four space-time dimensions. We define a general
momentum mapping between the real and virtual kinematics that accounts properly
for the quasi-collinear configurations, and leads to an smooth massless limit.
We illustrate the method first with an scalar toy example, and then analyse the
case of the decay of a scalar or vector boson into a pair of massive quarks.
The results presented in this paper are suitable for the application of the
method to any multipartonic process.Comment: 31 pages, 9 figure
The analytic structure and the transcendental weight of the BFKL ladder
  at NLL accuracy

We study some analytic properties of the BFKL ladder at next-to-leading
logarithmic accuracy (NLLA). We use a procedure by Chirilli and Kovchegov to
construct the NLO eigenfunctions, and we show that the BFKL ladder can be
evaluated order by order in the coupling in terms of certain generalised
single-valued multiple polylogarithms recently introduced by Schnetz. We
develop techniques to evaluate the BFKL ladder at any loop order, and we
present explicit results up to five loops. Using the freedom in defining the
matter content of the NLO BFKL eigenvalue, we obtain conditions for the BFKL
ladder in momentum space at NLLA to have maximal transcendental weight. We
observe that, unlike in moment space, the result in momentum space in N = 4 SYM
is not identical to the maximal weight part of QCD, and moreover that there is
no gauge theory with this property. We classify the theories for which the BFKL
ladder at NLLA has maximal weight in terms of their field content, and we find
that these theories are highly constrained: there are precisely four classes of
theories with this property involving only fundamental and adjoint matter, all
of which have a vanishing one-loop beta function and a matter content that fits
into supersymmetric multiplets. Our findings indicate that theories which have
maximal weight are highly constrained and point to the possibility that there
is a connection between maximal transcendental weight and superconformal
symmetry.Comment: 45 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. v2: published versio
Dynamical Clockwork Axions

The clockwork mechanism is a novel method for generating a large separation
between the dynamical scale and interaction scale of a theory. We demonstrate
how the mechanism can arise from a sequence of strongly-coupled sectors. This
framework avoids elementary scalar fields as well as ad hoc continuous global
symmetries, both of which are subject to serious stability issues. The
clockwork factor, $q$, is determined by the consistency of the strong dynamics.
The preserved global $U(1)$ of the clockwork appears as an accidental symmetry,
resulting from discrete or $U(1)$ gauge symmetries, and it is spontaneously
broken by the chiral condensates. We apply such a dynamical clockwork to
construct models with an effectively invisible QCD axion from TeV-scale strong
dynamics. The axion couplings are determined by the localisation of the
Standard Model interactions along the clockwork sequence. The TeV spectrum
includes either coloured hadrons or vector-like quarks. Dark matter can be
accounted for by the axion or the lightest neutral baryons, which are
accidentally stable.Comment: 41 page
Particle actions and brane tensions from double and exceptional geometry

Massless particles in $n+1$ dimensions lead to massive particles in $n$
dimensions on Kaluza-Klein reduction. In string theory, wrapped branes lead to
multiplets of massive particles in $n$ dimensions, in representations of a
duality group $G$. By encoding the masses of these particles in auxiliary
worldline scalars, also transforming under $G$, we write an action which
resembles that for a massless particle on an extended spacetime. We associate
this extended spacetime with that appearing in double field theory and
exceptional field theory, and formulate a version of the action which is
invariant under the generalised diffeomorphism symmetry of these theories. This
provides a higher-dimensional perspective on the origin of mass and tension in
string theory and M-theory. Finally, we consider the reduction of exceptional
field theory on a twisted torus, which is known to give the massive IIA theory
of Romans. In this case, our particle action leads naturally to the action for
a D0 brane in massive IIA. Here an extra vector field is present on the
worldline, whose origin in exceptional field theory is a vector field
introduced to ensure invariance under generalised diffeomorphisms.Comment: 36 pages plus appendices, v2: typos, minor clarifications etc, v3:
  ditt
Fermionic Localization of the Schwarzian Theory

The SYK model is a quantum mechanical model that has been proposed to be
holographically dual to a $1+1$-dimensional model of a quantum black hole. An
emergent "gravitational" mode of this model is governed by an unusual action
that that has been called the Schwarzian action. It governs a reparametrization
of a circle. We show that the path integral of the Schwarzian theory is
one-loop exact. The argument uses a method of fermionic localization, even
though the model itself is purely bosonic.Comment: 19+9 page
Four-center bubbled BPS solutions with a Gibbons-Hawking base

We construct four-center bubbled BPS solutions with a Gibbons-Hawking base
space. We give a systematic procedure to build scaling solutions: starting from
three-supertube configurations and using generalized spectral flows and gauge
transformations to extend to solutions with four Gibbons-Hawking centers. This
allows us to construct very large families of smooth horizonless solutions that
have the same charges and angular momentum as supersymmetric black holes with a
macroscopically large horizon area. Our construction reveals that all scaling
solutions with four Gibbons Hawking centers have an angular momentum at around
99% of the cosmic censorship bound. We give both an analytical and a numerical
explanation for this unexpected feature.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures; v2: minor correction
Memory and the Infrared

Memory effects in scattering processes are described in terms of the
asymptotic retarded fields. These fields are completely determined by the
scattering data and the zero mode part is set by the soft photon theorem. The
dressed asymptotic states defining an infrared finite S- matrix for charged
particles can be defined as quantum coherent states using the corpuscular
resolution of the asymptotic retarded fields. Im- posing that the net radiated
energy in the scattering is zero leads to the new set of conservation laws for
the scattering S-matrix which are equivalent to the decoupling of the soft
modes. The actual observabil- ity of the memory requires a non vanishing
radiated energy and could be described using the infrared part of the
differential cross section that only depends on the scattering data and the
radiated energy. This is the IR safe cross section with any number of emitted
pho- tons carrying total energy equal to the energy involved in the actual
memory detection
Supersymmetry and Wrapped Branes in Microstate Geometries

We consider the supergravity back-reaction of M2 branes wrapping around the
space-time cycles in 1/8-BPS microstate geometries. We show that such brane
wrappings will generically break all the supersymmetries. In particular, all
the supersymmetries will be broken if there are such wrapped branes but the net
charge of the wrapped branes is zero. We show that if M2 branes wrap a single
cycle, or if they wrap a several of co-linear cycles with the same orientation,
then the solution will be 1/16-BPS, having two supersymmetries. We comment on
how these results relate to using W-branes to understand the microstate
structure of 1/8-BPS black holes.Comment: 20 page