pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Devising quality assurance procedures for assessment of legacy geochronological data relating to deglaciation of the last British-Irish Ice Sheet.

This contribution documents the process of assessing the quality of data within a compilation of legacy geochronological data relating to the last British-Irish Ice Sheet, a task undertaken as part of a larger community-based project (BRITICE-CHRONO) that aims to improve understanding of the ice sheet's deglacial evolution. As accurate reconstructions depend on the quality of the available data, some form of assessment is needed of the reliability and suitability of each given age(s) in our dataset. We outline the background considerations that informed the quality assurance procedures devised given our specific research question. We describe criteria that have been used to make an objective assessment of the likelihood that an age is influenced by the technique specific sources of geological uncertainty. When these criteria were applied to an existing database of all geochronological data relating to the last British-Irish Ice Sheet they resulted in a significant reduction in data considered suitable for synthesis. The assessed data set was used to test a Bayesian approach to age modelling ice stream retreat and we outline our procedure that allows us to minimise the influence of potentially erroneous data and maximise the accuracy of the resultant age models
Partition functions of N=(2,2) gauge theories on S2 and vortices.

We apply localization techniques to compute the partition function of a two-dimensional  N=(2,2)N=(2,2)  R-symmetric theory of vector and chiral multiplets on S2. The path integral reduces to a sum over topological sectors of a matrix integral over the Cartan subalgebra of the gauge group. For gauge theories which would be completely Higgsed in the presence of a Fayet–Iliopoulos term in flat space, the path integral alternatively reduces to the product of a vortex times an antivortex partition functions, weighted by semiclassical factors and summed over isolated points on the Higgs branch. For applications, we evaluate the partition function for some U(N) gauge theories, showing equality of the path integrals for theories conjectured to be dual by Hori and Tong and deriving new expressions for vortex partition functions
Social Security and Retirement across OECD Countries

There are large differences in the employment to population ratio relative to the US across OECD countries, and these differences are even larger for the old age (55-69 years). There are also large differences in various features of social security, such as the replacement rate, the entitlement age or whether it is allowed to collect social security and working. These observations suggest that they might be an important factor. I assess quantitatively this hypothesis using a life cycle general equilibrium model of retirement. I find that the differences in social security can indeed account for the differences in employment to population ratio at old age in the OECD. I also evaluate which features of social security are most important in this context and find that generosity and whether it allows collecting social security while working are the most important contributors.
A time series test to identify housing bubbles

In this paper we propose a new time series empirical test to identify housing bubble periods. Our test estimates the beginning and the burst of bubbles as structural breaks in the difference between the appreciation rates of the Case-Shiller price tiers. We identify the relevant periods by exploiting the common characteristic that lower-tier house prices tend to rise faster during the boom and fall more precipitously during the bust. We implement our test on 15 U.S. Metropolitan Statistical Areas during the most recent housing bubble.
The approved pediatric drug suramin identified as a clinical candidate for the treatment of EV71 infection—suramin inhibits EV71 infection in vitro and in vivo

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes severe central nervous system infections, leading to cardiopulmonary complications and death in young children. There is an urgent unmet medical need for new pharmaceutical agents to control EV71 infections. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we found that the approved pediatric antiparasitic drug suramin blocked EV71 infectivity by a novel mechanism of action that involves binding of the naphtalentrisulonic acid group of suramin to the viral capsid. Moreover, we demonstrate that when suramin is used in vivo at doses equivalent to or lower than the highest dose already used in humans, it significantly decreased mortality in mice challenged with a lethal dose of EV71 and peak viral load in adult rhesus monkeys. Thus, suramin inhibits EV71 infection by neutralizing virus particles prior to cell attachment. Consequently, these findings identify suramin as a clinical candidate for further development as a therapeutic or prophylactic treatment for severe EV71 infection.Full Tex
Observation of isoscalar multipole strengths in exotic doubly-magic $^{56}$Ni in inelastic α scattering in inverse kinematics

Expérience GANIL/LISE/MAYAInternational audienceThe Isoscalar Giant Monopole Resonance (ISGMR) and the Isoscalar GiantDipole Resonance (ISGDR) compression modes have been studied in thedoubly-magic unstable nucleus $^{56}$Ni. They were measured by inelastic α-particlescattering in inverse kinematics at 50 MeV/u with the MAYA active targetat the GANIL facility. The centroid of the ISGMR has been obtained atEx = 19.1 ± 0.5 MeV. Evidence for the low-lying part of the ISGDR has been found at Ex = 17.4 ± 0.7 MeV. The strength distribution for the dipolemode shows similarity with the prediction from the Hartree-Fock (HF) basedrandom-phase approximation (RPA) [1]. These measurements confirm inelasticα-particle scattering as a suitable probe for exciting the ISGMR and the ISGDRmodes in radioactive isotopes in inverse kinematics
J/ψ production as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density in p–Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV

We report measurements of the inclusive J/ψ yield and average transverse momentum as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density dNch/dη in p–Pb collisions at √sNN=5.02 TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The observables are normalised to their corresponding averages in non-single diffractive events. An increase of the normalised J/ψ yield with normalised dNch/dη, measured at mid-rapidity, is observed at mid-rapidity and backward rapidity. At forward rapidity, a saturation of the relative yield is observed for high charged-particle multiplicities. The normalised average transverse momentum at forward and backward rapidities increases with multiplicity at low multiplicities and saturates beyond moderate multiplicities. In addition, the forward-to-backward nuclear modification factor ratio is also reported, showing an increasing suppression of J/ψ production at forward rapidity with respect to backward rapidity for increasing charged-particle multiplicity
Modelling of European hake nurseries in the Mediterranean Sea : an ecological niche approach

An ecological niche modelling (ENM) approach was developed to model the suitable habitat for the 0-group European hake, Merluccius merluccius L., 1758, in the Mediterranean Sea. The ENM was built combining knowledge on biological traits of hake recruits (e.g. growth, settlement, mobility and feeding strategy) with patterns of selected ecological variables (chlorophyll-a fronts and concentration, bottom depth, sea bottom current and temperature) to highlight favourable nursery habitats. The results show that hake nurseries require stable bottom temperature (11.8–15.0 °C), low bottom currents (<0.034 m s−1) and a frequent occurrence of productive fronts in low chlorophyll-a areas (0.1–0.9 mg m−3) to support a successful recruitment. These conditions mostly occur recurrently in outer shelf and shelf break areas. The prediction explains the relative balance between biotic and abiotic drivers of hake recruitment in the Mediterranean Sea and the primary role of unfavourable environmental conditions on low recruitment in specific years (i.e. 2011). The ENM outputs particularly agree spatially with biomass data of recruits, although processes such as fishing and natural mortality are not accounted for. The seasonal mapping of suitable habitats provides information on potential nurseries and recruitment carrying capacity which are relevant for spatial fisheries management of hake in the Mediterranean Sea.peer-reviewe
Centrality dependence of the pseudorapidity density distribution for charged particles in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

We present the charged-particle pseudorapidity density in Pb–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV in centrality classes measured by ALICE. The measurement covers a wide pseudorapidity range from −3.5 to 5, which is sufficient for reliable estimates of the total number of charged particles produced in the collisions. For the most central (0–5%) collisions we find 21 400 ± 1 300, while for the most peripheral (80–90%) we find 230 ± 38. This corresponds to an increase of (27 ± 4)% over the results at √sNN = 2.76 TeV previously reported by ALICE. The energy dependence of the total number of charged particles produced in heavy-ion collisions is found to obey a modified power-law like behaviour. The chargedparticle pseudorapidity density of the most central collisions is compared to model calculations — none of which fully describes the measured distribution. We also present an estimate of the rapidity density of charged particles. The width of that distribution is found to exhibit a remarkable proportionality to the beam rapidity, independent of the collision energy from the top SPS to LHC energies
Fuzzy-based temperature and humidity control for HVAC of electric vehicle

Vehicles are the people’s main means of transportation and thermal comfort in the vehicle cabin plays an important role.
The heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) operation system in the vehicle cabin decides the degree of comfort,
traffic safety as well as health of the occupants. The challenge of designing the HVAC control is to automatically achieve
the thermal comfort, regardless of time varying weather conditions. Since most HVAC systems are complex with
nonlinearity, distributed parameters, and multivariable therefore many classical controls do not necessarily yield a
satisfactory control performance. This paper presents the development of temperature and humidity control strategy for
HVAC based on Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC). The goal of the FLC-based temperature control is to satisfy the convergence
and equilibrium property. The simulation test results have been shown a satisfactory to control the temperature and
humidity
Effect of Cr/Al contents on the 475℃ age-hardening in oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic steels

The age-hardening in oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels with various additions of Cr (12, 15 and 18 wt.%) and Al (0, 5, 7 and 9 wt.%) were investigated. After 5000 h aging at 475ºC, the hardness increases in all these ODS steels, while the increased level depends on the Cr/Al contents. In 12Cr-ODS steels, the more the Al, the higher the increased hardness is. However, in 18Cr-ODS steels, higher Al addition suppresses the age-hardening. TEM observations of 18Cr-ODS steels reveal that 9Al suppresses the formation of Cr-enriched α' phase, while the 18Cr-5Al-ODS steel comprises a plenty of α′ phases. Adding Zr in ODS steels appears to increase the age-hardening. The susceptibility to age-hardening is remarkably lower in the ODS ferritic steels than in the non-ODS ferritic steel with the similar concentration of Cr
Dual control of fault intersections on stop-start rupture in the 2016 Central Italy seismic sequence.

Large continental earthquakes necessarily involve failure of multiple faults or segments. But these same critically-stressed systems sometimes fail in drawn-out sequences of smaller earthquakes over days or years instead. These two modes of failure have vastly different implications for seismic hazard and it is not known why fault systems sometimes fail in one mode or the other, or what controls the termination and reinitiation of slip in protracted seismic sequences. A paucity of modern observations of seismic sequences has hampered our understanding to-date, but a series of three  earthquakes from August to November 2016 in Central Italy represents a uniquely well-observed example. Here we exploit a wealth of geodetic, seismological and field data to understand the spatio-temporal evolution of the sequence. Our results suggest that intersections between major and subsidiary faults controlled the extent and termination of rupture in each event in the sequence, and that fluid diffusion, channelled along these same fault intersections, may have also determined the timing of rupture reinitiation. This dual control of subsurface structure on the stop-start rupture in seismic sequences may be common; future efforts should focus on investigating its prevalence
Crystallisation of strontium sulphates from Si-bearing\ud
aqueous solutions

The crystallisation behaviour in the SrCl2–Na2SO4–H2O system at room temperature is strongly modified by the presence of dissolved silicon. Homogeneous nucleation experiments show that silicon inhibits the formation of celestite while promoting the precipitation of SrSO4.0.5H2O and an amorphous phase. Interfacial free energies for celestite have been calculated for increasing silicon concentrations from measurements of induction times for homogeneous nucleation. The slight increase in the interfacial free energies confirms that dissolved silicon is an inhibitor of celestite nucleation. In addition, dissolved silicon has striking morphological effects. Celestite grown in the presence of silicon typically shows rounded and peanut-like morphologies formed by numerous disoriented crystals. The anomalous celestite morphologies and the increase in both induction times and interfacial free energies reveal a complex interaction between silicic acids and celestite surfaces. In situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to study in detail the effect of dissolved silicon on the growth of celestite (001) faces. AFM observations show that the presence of silicon increases the growth velocity of a first monolayer on the celestite (001) face. However, once such a first monolayer is formed, no further multilayer growth is observed. Height and friction AFM images show clear differences in contrast between the first monolayer and the celestite (001) substrate, revealing differences in composition and/or structure. High-resolution AFM images of the first monolayer show patterns consistent with the celestite (001) surface lattice, indicating that a limited amount of silicon can be incorporated into the celestite structure. Therefore, both the observed inhibition of nucleation and growth of celestite and the changes in crystal morphologies can be partially related to the formation of self-limiting Si-bearing celestite monolayers
Antioxidant Versus Cytotoxic Properties of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives - A New Paradigm in Phenolic Research

Trihydroxycinnamic derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. The ester derivatives exhibited a higher radical-scavenging activity, when liposomes were used as target systems, a fact which may be related to their lipophilicity and conformational preferences. These compounds were found to display significant growth inhibition and cytotoxic effects towards a human cervix adenocarcinoma cell line (HeLa). The partition coefficients presently obtained for the trihydroxycinnamic derivatives correlate well both with their structural characteristics and with their antioxidant/cytotoxic activities. A positive structure-activity-property relationship between cytotoxic and antioxidant activities, which is intrinsically related with physico-chemical and conformational properties, is anticipated, as a noteworthy study that must be done for phenolic systems. As damage events are frequently correlated with oxidative stress, the prevalence of both properties in a single compound could be beneficial in terms of rationale preventive or therapeutic purposes.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ardp.20070016
Glucose induces and leptin decreases expression of uncoupling protein-2 mRNA in human islets.

Elevated islet uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) impairs beta-cell function and UCP-2 may be increased in clinical obesity and diabetes. We investigated the effects of glucose and leptin on UCP-2 expression in isolated human islets. Human islets were incubated for 24 h with glucose (5.5-22 mmol/l)+/-leptin (0-10 nmol/l). Some islet batches were incubated at high (22 mmol/l), and subsequently lower (5.5 mmol/l), glucose to assess reversibility of effects. Leptin effects on insulin release were also measured. Glucose dose-dependently increased UCP-2 expression in all islet batches, maximally by three-fold. This was not fully reversed by subsequently reduced glucose levels. Leptin decreased UCP-2 expression by up to 75%, and maximally inhibited insulin release by 47%, at 22 mmol/l glucose. This is the first report of UCP-2 expression in human islets and provides novel evidence of its role in the loss of beta-cell function in diabetes
On the Supergravity Description of Wilson Loop in Non-commutative Dipole
  Field Theory

The Wilson loop in the non-commutative dipole field theory is re-examined
within the framework of dual gravity description. In contrast to the previous
investigations, we let the dual string be moving along the deformed $S^5$ and
find the exact expression of the interquark potential. The potential shows a
Coulomb behavior at all distance and does not have a minimum distance between
quarks, which exhibits in the static configuration. After comparing the
potential of the static and moving configurations we find that while the dual
string is static at long distance it will transit to a moving configuration at
short distance. We also analyze an electric dipole system and find that it
shows a similar transition property. Finally, we mention the unsuitable
approximation made in the previous paper [hep-th/0701069] and find that the
interquark potential in a gauge theory with a non-constant non-commutativity
has a Coulomb behavior at all distance.Comment: Pages 12 and 13 are the very short version of ''Erratum to Phys.
  Lett. B647 (2007) 519''. Pages 1-11 contain detailed calculations and
  extended discussion
The charge and spin sectors of the $t$-$t'$ Hubbard model

The charge and spin sectors, which are intimately coupled to the fermionic
one, of the $t$-$t'$ Hubbard model have been computed self-consistently within
the two-pole approximation. The relevant unknown correlators appearing in the
causal bosonic propagators have been computed by enforcing the constraints
dictated by the hydrodynamics and the algebra of the composite operators coming
into play. The proposed scheme of approximation extends previous calculations
made for the fermionic sector of the $t$-$t'$ Hubbard model and the bosonic
sector of the Hubbard model, which showed to be very effective to describe the
overdoped region of cuprates (the former) and the magnetic response of their
parent compounds (the latter)
Event activity dependence of  Y (nS) production in  $\sqrt{{{s_{NN }}}}$  = 5.02 TeV pPb and  $\sqrt{s}$  = 2.76 TeV pp collisions

The production of Y(1S), Y(2S), and Y(3S) is investigated in pPb and pp collisions at centre-of-mass energies per nucleon pair of 5.02 TeV and 2.76 TeV, respectively. The datasets correspond to integrated luminosities of about 31 inverse nanobarns (pPb) and 5.4 inverse picobarns (pp), collected in 2013 by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Upsilons that decay into muons are reconstructed within the rapidity interval abs(y[CM])<1.93 in the nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass frame. Their production is studied as a function of two measures of event activity, namely the charged-particle multiplicity measured in the pseudorapidity interval abs(eta)<2.4, and the sum of transverse energy deposited at forward pseudorapidity, 4.0<abs(eta)<5.2. The Y cross sections normalized by their event activity integrated values, Y(nS)/<Y((nS)>, are found to rise with both measures of the event activity in pp and pPb. In both collision systems, the ratios of the excited to the ground state cross sections, Y(nS)/Y(1S), are found to decrease with the charged-particle multiplicity, while as a function of the transverse energy the variation is less pronounced. The event activity integrated double ratios, [Y(nS)/Y(1S)][pPb] / [Y(nS)/Y(1S)][pp], are also measured and found to be 0.83 +/- 0.05 (stat.) +/- 0.05 (syst.) and 0.71 +/- 0.08 (stat.) +/- 0.09 (syst.) for Y(2S) and Y(3S), respectively
Bound diquarks and their Bose-Einstein condensation in strongly coupled
  quark matter

We explore the formation of diquark molecules and their Bose-Einstein
condensation (BEC) in the phase diagram of three-flavor quark matter at nonzero
temperature, T, and quark chemical potential, mu. Using a quark model with a
four-fermion interaction, we identify possible diquark excitations as poles of
the microscopically computed diquark propagator. The quark masses are obtained
by solving a dynamical equation for the chiral condensate and are found to
determine the stability of the diquark excitations. The stability of diquark
excitations is investigated in the T-mu plane for different values of the
diquark coupling strength. We find that bound diquark molecules appear at small
quark chemical potentials at intermediate coupling and that BEC of non-strange
diquark molecules occurs if the attractive interaction between quarks is
sufficiently strong.Comment: 7 pages, 6 figure
Some Singular Features of Gold Catalysis: Protection of AuI Catalysts by Substoichiometric Agents, and Associated Phenomena

Producción CientíficaThis study deals with two striking phenomena: the complete protection against decomposition of hypothetically monocoordinated AuI intermediates [AuL]Y (L = strongly coordinating ligand; Y– = poorly coordinating anion) by addition of small substoichiometric amounts (5 mol% relative to Au) of not strongly coordinating ligands (e.g. AsPh3), and the fact that, in contrast, strongly coordinating ligands cannot provide this substoichiometric protection. The two phenomena are explained considering that: i) the existence of real monocoordinated [AuL]Y is negligible in condensed phases, and the kinetically efficient existing species are dicoordinated [AuL(W)]Y (W = any very weekly coordinating ligand existing in solution, including OH2, the solvent, or the Y– anion); and ii) these [AuL(W)]Y intermediates give rise to decomposition by a disproportionation mechanism, via polynuclear intermediates formed by associative oligomerization with release of some W ligands. It is also shown that very small concentrations of [AuL(W)]Y are still catalytically efficient, and can be stabilized by overstoichiometric adventitious water, so that full decomposition of the catalyst is hardly reached although eventually the stabilized concentration can result kinetically inefficient for the catalysis. These results suggest that, in cases of gold catalysis requiring the use of a significant quantity of gold catalyst, the turnover numbers can be increased, or the concentration of gold catalyst widely reduced, using substoichiometric protection properly tuned to the case.2017-12-30Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (CTQ2014-52796-P)Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (CTQ2013-48406-P)Junta de Castilla y León (programa de apoyo a proyectos de investigación – GR 169 and project VA256U13