pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
H.E.S.S. observations of the binary system PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 around the 2010/2011 periastron passage

Aim. In this paper we present very high energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) data from the \gamma-ray binary system PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 taken around its periastron passage (15th of December 2010) with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of Cherenkov Telescopes. We aim to search for a possible TeV counterpart of the GeV flare detected by the Fermi LAT. In addition, we aim to study the current periastron passage in the context of previous observations taken at similar orbital phases, testing the repetitive behavior of the source. Methods. Observations at VHE were conducted with H.E.S.S. from 9th to 16th of January 2011. The total dataset amounts to around 6 h of observing time. Results. The source is detected in the 2011 data at a significance level of 11.5\sigma\ revealing an averaged integral flux above 1 TeV of (1.01 \pm 0.18_{stat} \pm 0.20_{sys}) \times 10[elevado a la]{-12} cm[elevado a la]{-2}s[elevado a la]{-1}. The differential energy spectrum follows a power-law shape with a spectral index \Gamma = 2.92 \pm 0.30_{stat} \pm 0.20_{sys} and a flux normalisation at 1 TeV of N_{0} = 1.95 \pm 0.32_{stat} \pm 0.39_{sys}) \times 10[elevado a la]{-12} TeV[elevado a la]{-1} cm[elevado a la]{-2} s[elevado a la]{-1}. The measured lightcurve does not show any evidence for variability of the source on the daily scale. Conclusions. The measured integral flux and the spectral shape of the 2011 data are compatible with the results obtained around previous periastron passages. The absence of variability in the H.E.S.S. data indicates that the GeV flare observed by Fermi LAT in the time period covered also by H.E.S.S. observations originates in a different physical scenario than the TeV emission. Additionaly, new results compared to those obtained in the observations which were performed in 2004 at a similar orbital phase, further support the hypothesis of the repetitive behavior of the sourceFil: Abramowski, A.. Universität Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik; AlemaniaFil: Medina, Maria Clementina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomia (i); ArgentinaFil: H.E.S.S. Collaboration
METACOHORTS for the study of vascular disease and its contribution to cognitive decline and neurodegeneration: An initiative of the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research

International audienceDementia is a global problem and major target for health care providers. Although up to 45% of cases are primarily or partly due to cerebrovascular disease, little is known of these mechanisms or treatments because most dementia research still focuses on pure Alzheimer's disease. An improved understanding of the vascular contributions to neurodegeneration and dementia, particularly by small vessel disease, is hampered by imprecise data, including the incidence and prevalence of symptomatic and clinically " silent " cerebrovascular disease, long-term outcomes (cognitive, stroke, or functional), and risk factors. New large collaborative studies with long follow-up are expensive and time consuming, yet substantial data to advance the field are available. In an initiative funded by the Joint Programme for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, 55 international experts surveyed and assessed available data, starting with European cohorts, to promote data sharing to advance understanding of how vascular disease affects brain structure and function, optimize methods for cerebrovascular disease in neurodegeneration research, and focus future research on gaps in knowledge. Here, we summarize the results and recommendations from this initiative. We identified data from over 90 studies, including over 660,000 participants, many being additional to neurodegeneration data initiatives. The enthusiastic response means that cohorts from North America, Australasia, and the Asia Pacific Region are included, creating a truly global, collaborative, data sharing platform, linked to major na-Declaration of interests
Galactic cold cores
 : 
VI. Dust opacity spectral index

International audienceContext. The Galactic Cold Cores project has carried out Herschel photometric observations of 116 fields where the Planck survey has found signs of cold dust emission. The fields contain sources in different environments and different phases of star formation. Previous studies have revealed variations in their dust submillimetre opacity.Aims. The aim is to measure the value of dust opacity spectral index and to understand its variations spatially and with respect to other parameters, such as temperature, column density, and Galactic location.Methods. The dust opacity spectral index β and the dust colour temperature T are derived using Herschel and Planck data. The relation between β and T is examined for the whole sample and inside individual fields. Results. Based on IRAS and Planck data, the fields are characterised by a median colour temperature of 16.1 K and a median opacity spectral index of β = 1.84. The values are not correlated with Galactic longitude. We observe a clear T–β anti-correlation. In Herschel observations, constrained at lower resolution by Planck data, the variations follow the column density structure and βFIR can rise to ~2.2 in individual clumps. The highest values are found in starless clumps. The Planck 217 GHz band shows a systematic excess that is not restricted to cold clumps and is thus consistent with a general flattening of the dust emission spectrum at millimetre wavelengths. When fitted separately below and above 700 μm, the median spectral index values are βFIR ~ 1.91 and β(mm) ~ 1.66. Conclusions. The spectral index changes as a function of column density and wavelength. The comparison of different data sets and the examination of possible error sources show that our results are robust. However, β variations are partly masked by temperature gradients and the changes in the intrinsic grain properties may be even greater
An Integrated Method to Support PSS Design within the Virtual Enterprise

Nowadays Product-Service System (PSS) is a widespread trend consisting of adding services to the physical product in order to increase their market share, add value to their products, and create a new value proposition. Anyway, its application is still far from real industrial scenarios mainly due to difficulties in choosing the right partners, lack of collaboration among the partners, poor integration among the companies’ system platforms, and lack of knowledge about the available technologies. In such context, this paper presents an integrated methodology to support the PSS design process into a Virtual Enterprise (VE). It involves different stages, from idea management to global network definition. Furthermore, the business model items can be defined in parallel along the design process and benefit the design itself by supporting decision-making, according to a concurrent engineering approach.In order to demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach, it has been applied to a real industrial use case represented by a Virtual Enterprise working in the field of household appliances. In particular, the method supported the PSS design by the definition of the PSS requirements and functions, as well as the selection of the global network partners. The as-is and to-be processes are described and compared. The use case represents a valid example of how a product-oriented manufacturing company can open its strategic vision creating a PSS Virtual Enterprise in a structured way
Search for displaced muonic lepton jets from light Higgs boson decay in proton-proton collisions at s√=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search is performed for collimated muon pairs displaced from the primary vertex produced in the decay of long-lived neutral particles in proton–proton collisions at View the MathML source centre-of-mass energy, with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. In a 1.9 fb−1event sample collected during 2011, the observed data are consistent with the Standard Model background expectations. Limits on the product of the production cross section and the branching ratio of a Higgs boson decaying to hidden-sector neutral long-lived particles are derived as a function of the particlesʼ mean lifetime.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhl, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America
An evaluation of the seizure process for pure titanium by a draw bending method

In order to evaluate the seizure of pressing process, we adopted a draw bending method to use pure titanium sheets of 1.0mm 
 in thickness (JIS TP340, ASTM Grade2). The draw bending method was simulated under the conditions of die wall for pressing 
 the glasses frame. The titanium sheet was dragged into the clearance between upper punch and die by the descent motion of the 
 upper punch. The seizure occurred at the shoulder part and side wall part of the die. The working conditions changed within the 
 bending radius of die, the lubricating condition and punch speed. The surface roughness of titanium sheets and die surface were 
 measured by the surface measuring instrument using PGI (Phase Grating Interferometry )  system (Taylor Hobson Form Talysurf 
 1200). The surface roughness and the punch load increased intensely within a 10mm of sliding distance under the non-lubricant 
 condition, and increased gradually within a range of 10 to 50mm in every die radius. The load of draw bending process was 
 related to the variation of surface roughness. The seizure of the pressing process, occurring between surfaces of specimen and 
 die, was estimated by measuring the arithmetic mean roughness.11th International Conference on Technology of Plasticity, ICTP 2014, 19-24 October 2014, Nagoya Congress Center, Nagoya, Japa
Integrable quantum field theory with boundaries : the exact g-function.

The g-function was introduced by Affleck and Ludwig in the context of critical quantum systems with boundaries. In the framework of the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz (TBA) method for relativistic scattering theories, all attempts to write an exact integral equation for the off-critical version of this quantity have, up to now, been unsuccessful. We tackle this problem by using an n-particle cluster expansion, close in spirit to form-factor calculations of correlators on the plane. The leading contribution already disagrees with all previous proposals, but a study of this and subsequent terms allows us to deduce an exact infrared expansion for g, written purely in terms of TBA pseudoenergies. Although we only treat the thermally-perturbed Ising and the scaling Lee–Yang models in detail, we propose a general formula for g which should be valid for any model with entirely diagonal scattering
New challenge of the public buildings: nZEB findings from IEE RePublic_ZEB Project

Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEBs) have received increased attention in recent years as a result of constant concerns for energy supply constraints, decreasing energy resources, increasing energy costs and rising impact of greenhouse gases on world climate. The EPBD recast directive [1] requests all new buildings to meet higher levels of performance than before, by exploring more the alternative energy supply systems available locally on a cost-efficiency basis and without prejudicing the occupants’ comfort. To this end, after 2020, all new buildings should become “nearly zero-energy” and after 31 December 2018, the same requirement is applied for new buildings occupied and owned by public authorities. Furthermore, the EPBD recast states that MS must ensure that minimum energy performance requirements for buildings are set with a view to achieving cost-optimal levels according to the Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 244/2012 of 16 January 2012. In this context, the authors of this paper, who are participants in the recent started European project RePublic_ZEB, are willing to share the initial findings from on- going research work. Public buildings constitute a specific class of buildings that require a complex analysis from the statistic point of view taking into consideration the definition and typologies and other specific parameters related with. Thus, this paper will focus on the analysis of public building stocks in the countries covered by the project consortium with the view to define relevant parameters characterizing the reference public buildings that will be considered in the further analysis regarding the assessment of cost-effective packages of solutions towards nZEB levels of performance. A review of nZEB holistic approach, definitions and existing implemented policies in the participant countries, will be presented as well
Strangeness changing scalar form factors

We derive expressions for strangeness-changing scalar form factors, which incorporate known theoretical constraints both at low and high energies. Their leading behaviour in the limit of a large number of colours is calculated from the resonance chiral Lagrangian, and a set of short-distance constraints on the scalar resonance couplings is obtained, imposing the form factors to vanish at infinite momentum transfer. The important effects of meson rescattering are taken into account by exploiting unitarity and analyticity. Making use of previous results on S-wave Kpi scattering [1], and a coupled-channel dispersion-relation analysis, the Kpi, Keta and Keta' scalar form factors are calculated up to 2 GeV These scalar form factors are a key ingredient in the determination of the corresponding scalar spectral function which is important in the extraction of the mass of the strange quark from QCD sum rules as well as hadronic tau decays
Transport properties of Li2O-​MnO2-​B2O3 glasses

Li borate contg. MnO2 glasses were synthesized by melt quenching technique over a wide compn. range.  Frequency and temp. dependent cond. measurements were carried out in the range of 10 Hz to 13 MHz and at a temp. range of 298-​523 K, resp.  The impedance plots show only one semicircle indicating the presence of one type of conduction mechanism.  The anal. of d.c. cond. show that the cond. is dominated by Li+ ions and the presence of MnO2 has negligible effect.  The a.c. cond. data was analyzed by fitting the data into Almond-​West type power law behavior σ = σ(o) + Aωs.  The power law exponent s is also detd. and it is found to decrease with increase of temp.  We have also carried out the scaling behavior of the a.c. cond. and it is seen that all the curves coalesce on to a master curve suggesting that the ion transport mechanism remains unaffected at all temps.  The results are discussed in the light of the structure of borate glass network
Distribution and enrichment of Po-210 in the environment of Kaiga in South India

Several soil and vegetation samples from the environment of Kaiga nuclear power plant site in the south western region of India were analysed for Po-210. The vertical profile, particle-size distribution, seasonal variation and the dry deposition rate of Po-210 were measured employing the chemical method and alpha - counting technique. Po-210 activity in soil varies from 17.1 to 228.2 Bq kg(-1) with a mean value of 83.3 Bq kg(-1). The activity of Po-210 is higher in the surface soil (0-5 cm) and decreases as depth increases to 20 cm and remains nearly constant thereafter. The activity concentration is almost uniform in the grain sizes of 350-177 mu m and below 177 mu m. Pterobryopsis tumida (Hook.) Dir, a plant of the moss family, shows a very high level of Po-210 activity - 2724 +/- 13 Bq kg(-1). Seasonal variation studies show elevated levels of Po-210 in vegetation during winter. The annual dry deposition rate of Po-210 was 53.4 Bq m(-2) yr(-1). (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
Measurement of charged-particle distributions sensitive to the
  underlying event in $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton-proton collisions with the
  ATLAS detector at the LHC

We present charged-particle distributions sensitive to the underlying event,
measured by the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass
energy of 13 TeV, in low-luminosity Large Hadron Collider fills corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 nb$^{-1}$. The distributions were
constructed using charged particles with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.5
and with transverse momentum greater than 500 MeV, in events with at least one
such charged particle with transverse momentum above 1 GeV. These distributions
characterise the angular distribution of energy and particle flows with respect
to the charged particle with highest transverse momentum, as a function of both
that momentum and of charged-particle multiplicity. The results have been
corrected for detector effects and are compared to the predictions of various
Monte Carlo event generators, experimentally establishing the level of
underlying-event activity at LHC Run 2 energies and providing inputs for the
development of event generator modelling. The current models in use for UE
modelling typically describe this data to 5% accuracy, compared with data
uncertainties of less than 1%.Comment: 40 pages in total, author list starting page 24, 7 figures, 3 tables,
  accepted for publication by JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2016-07
Socially impaired robots: Human social disorders and robots’ socio-emotional intelligence

Social robots need intelligence in order to safely coexist and interact with humans. Robots without functional abilities in understanding others and unable to empathise might be a societal risk and they may lead to a society of socially impaired robots. In this work we provide a survey of three relevant human social disorders, namely autism, psychopathy and schizophrenia, as a means to gain a better understanding of social robots’ future capability requirements.We provide evidence supporting the idea that social robots will require a combination of emotional intelligence and social intelligence, namely socio-emotional intelligence. We argue that a robot with a simple socio-emotional process requires a simulation-driven model of intelligence. Finally, we provide some critical guidelines for designing future socio-emotional robots
Screening magnetic fields by superconductors: A simple model

We introduce a simple approach to evaluate the magnetic field distribution around superconducting samples, based on the London equations; the elementary variable is the vector potential. This procedure has no adjustable parameters, only the sample geometry and the London length determine the solution. This approach was validated by comparing the induction field calculated to the one measured above MgB2 disks of different diameters, at 20K and for applied fields lower than 0.4T. The model can be applied if the flux line penetration inside the sample can be neglected when calculating the induction field distribution outside the superconductor. We conclude by showing on a cup-shape geometry how one can design a magnetic shield satisfying a specific constrain
Shorter lives in stingier states : social policy shortcomings help explain the US mortality disadvantage.

The United States has a mortality disadvantage relative to its political and economic peer group of other “rich democracies”. Recently it has been suggested that there could be a role for social policy in explaining this disadvantage. In this paper, we test this ‘social policy’ hypothesis by presenting a time trend analysis from 1970 to 2011 of the association between welfare state generosity (for unemployment insurance, sickness benefits, and pensions) and life expectancy, for the US and 17 other high-income countries. Fixed-effects estimation with autocorrelation-corrected standard errors (robust to unmeasured between-country differences and serial autocorrelation of repeated measures) found strong associations between welfare generosity and life expectancy. A unit increase in overall welfare generosity yields a 0.17 year increase in life expectancy at birth (p < 0.001), and a 0.07 year increase in life expectancy at age 65 (p < 0.001). The strongest effects of the welfare state are in the domain of pension benefits (b = 0.439 for life expectancy at birth, p < 0.001; b = 0.199 for life expectancy at age 65, p < 0.001). Models that lag the measures of social policy by ten years produce similar results, suggesting that the results are not driven by endogeneity bias. There is evidence that the US mortality disadvantage is, in part, a welfare-state disadvantage. We estimate that life expectancy in the US would be approximately 3.77 years longer, if it had just the average social policy generosity of the other 17 OECD nations
Large-N correlation functions in N = 2 superconformal QCD.

We study extremal correlation functions of chiral primary operators in the large-N SU(N )  NN  = 2 superconformal QCD theory and present new results based on supersymmetric localization. We discuss extensively the basis-independent data that can be extracted from these correlators using the leading order large-N matrix model free energy given by the four-sphere partition function. Special emphasis is given to singletrace 2- and 3-point functions as well as a new class of observables that are scalars on the conformal manifold. These new observables are particular quadratic combinations of the structure constants of the chiral ring. At weak ’t Hooft coupling we present perturbative results that, in principle, can be extended to arbitrarily high order. We obtain closed-form expressions up to the first subleading order. At strong coupling we provide analogous results based on an approximate Wiener-Hopf method
Congenital Nystagmus Gene FRMD7 Is Necessary for Establishing a Neuronal Circuit Asymmetry for Direction Selectivity.

Neuronal circuit asymmetries are important components of brain circuits, but the molecular pathways leading to their establishment remain unknown. Here we found that the mutation of FRMD7, a gene that is defective in human congenital nystagmus, leads to the selective loss of the horizontal optokinetic reflex in mice, as it does in humans. This is accompanied by the selective loss of horizontal direction selectivity in retinal ganglion cells and the transition from asymmetric to symmetric inhibitory input to horizontal direction-selective ganglion cells. In wild-type retinas, we found FRMD7 specifically expressed in starburst amacrine cells, the interneuron type that provides asymmetric inhibition to direction-selective retinal ganglion cells. This work identifies FRMD7 as a key regulator in establishing a neuronal circuit asymmetry, and it suggests the involvement of a specific inhibitory neuron type in the pathophysiology of a neurological disease. VIDEO ABSTRACT