pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutosides determination by micellar flow injection (FI)-spectrofluorimetry

AbstractA simple, eco-friendly, sensitive and economic flow injection spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutosides. The procedure was based on the use of an anionic surfactant such as sodium dodecyl sulfate to provide an appreciable O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutosides fluorescence enhancement, increasing considerably the sensitivity of detection. All the variables affecting the fluorescence intensity were studied and optimized. The flow rate was 5mL/min with detection at 450nm (after excitation at 346nm). A linear correlation between drug amount and peak area was established for O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutosides in the range of 0.01–200µg/mL with a detection limit of 0.001µg/mL (s/n=3). Validation processes were performed by recovering studies with satisfactory results. The new methodology can be employed for the routine analysis of O-(β-hydroxyethyl)rutosides in bulks as well as in commercial formulations
Improved estimates of the nuclear structure corrections in μD

AbstractWe calculate the nuclear structure corrections to the Lamb shift in muonic deuterium by using state-of-the-art nucleon–nucleon potentials derived from chiral effective field theory. Our calculations complement previous theoretical work obtained from phenomenological potentials and the zero range approximation. The study of the chiral convergence order-by-order and the dependence on cutoff variations allows us to improve the estimates on the nuclear structure corrections and the theoretical uncertainty coming from nuclear potentials. This will enter the determination of the nuclear radius from ongoing muonic deuterium experiments at PSI
Low-energy moments of heavy quark current correlators at four loops

AbstractWe describe several techniques for the calculation of multi-loop integrals and their application to heavy quark current correlators. As new results, we present the four-loop correction to the second and third physical moments in the low-energy expansions of vector, axial-vector and scalar quark current correlators. Using the Ward identity, we obtain the third and fourth moments for the pseudo-scalar correlator. We briefly discuss the impact of these results on the determination of the charm quark mass and the strong coupling constant using lattice simulations for the current correlators and of the charm- and bottom-quark mass from experimental data for σ(e+e−→hadrons)
U(1)B−L symmetry restoration and effective neutrino species

AbstractThe U(1)B−L symmetry could be restored during inflation, since the BICEP2 results suggest a GUT-scale inflation with the Hubble parameter, Hinf≃1014 GeV, close to the U(1)B−L breaking scale. We consider a scenario in which the B−L Higgs field dominates the Universe after inflation, and mainly decays into the U(1)B−L gauge bosons, whose subsequent decays reheat the Universe. Interestingly, if one of the right-handed neutrinos is extremely light and behaves as dark radiation or hot dark matter, its abundance is determined by the B−L charge assignment and the relativistic degree of freedom in plasma. We find that ΔNeff takes discrete values between 0.188 and 0.220 in the standard model plus three right-handed neutrinos, depending on whether the decay into heavier right-handed neutrinos is kinematically accessible or not. In the fiveness U(1)5 case, we find that ΔNeff takes discrete values between 0.313 and 0.423. The tension between BICEP2 and Planck can be partially relaxed by dark radiation
Quinolinate synthetase, an iron–sulfur enzyme in NAD biosynthesis

AbstractNicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) plays a crucial role as a cofactor in numerous essential redox biological reactions. NAD derives from quinolinic acid which is synthesized in Escherichia coli from l-aspartate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) as the result of the concerted action of two enzymes, l-aspartate oxidase (NadB) and quinolinate synthetase (NadA). We report here the characterization of NadA protein from E. coli. When anaerobically purified, the isolated soluble protein contains 3–3.5 iron and 3–3.5 sulfide/polypeptide chain. Mössbauer spectra of the 57Fe-protein revealed that the majority of the iron is in the form of a (4Fe–4S)2+ cluster. An enzymatic assay for quinolinate synthetase activity was set up and allowed to demonstrate that the cluster is absolutely required for NadA activity. Exposure to air leads to degradation of the cluster and inactivate enzyme
Physical activity and longitudinal change in 6-min walk distance in COPD patients

SummaryBackgroundThe 6-min walk distance (6MWD) is widely used to evaluate functional capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).AimTo examine predictors for longitudinal change in 6MWD including self-reported physical activity, smoking habits, body composition, exacerbations, comorbidity and lung function.MethodsThe cohort included 389 patients aged 44–75 years, with clinically stable COPD in GOLD stages II–IV. The follow-up time was 3 years. Measurements included 6MWD, spirometry, fat and fat free mass index (FMI and FFMI), and assessment of physical activity, smoking habits, comorbidities and exacerbations by questionnaires. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) regression analyses were used to analyze predictors for the change in 6MWD.ResultsThere was a reduction in 6MWD from baseline to 3 years for patients in GOLD stages III and IV (B = −36 m, 95% CI = −51 to −7, p = 0.009 and B = −79 m, CI = −125 to −20, p = 0.007). The unadjusted GEE analysis demonstrated that baseline self-reported physical activity level, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity, FFMI, GOLD stages and age predicted change in 6MWD, but in the adjusted GEE analysis only self-reported physical activity level (p = 0.001) and FEV1 (p = 0.019) predicted change over time.ConclusionPatients in GOLD stage II maintained their functional capacity assessed by 6MWD over 3 years, while it was significantly reduced for patients in GOLD stages III and IV. Level of physical activity and FEV1 were predictors for longitudinal change in functional capacity
Psychiatric Comorbidities in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Possible Relationships between Psychotic Disorders and Involvement of Limbic Circuits

AbstractObjective: Mounting evidence suggests that the limbic system is pathologically involved in cases of psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients. Our objective was to develop a conceptual framework describing how neuropathological and connectivity changes might contribute to the development of psychosis and to the potential neurobiological mechanisms that cause schizophrenia-like psychosis in TLE patients. Methods: In this review, clinical and neuropathological findings, especially brain circuitry of the limbic system, were examined together to enhance our understanding of the association between TLE and psychosis. Finally, the importance of animal models in epilepsy and psychiatric disorders was discussed. Conclusions: TLE and psychiatric symptoms coexist more frequently than chance would predict. Damage and deregulation among critical anatomical regions, such as the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, and the temporal, frontal and cingulate cortices, might predispose TLE brains to psychosis. Studies of the effects of kindling and injection of neuroactive substances on behavior and electrophysiological patterns may offer a model of how limbic seizures in humans increase the vulnerability of TLE patients to psychiatric symptoms
Analitical Approach to Neuromarketing as a Business Strategy

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to analyze the theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of neuro- marketing for designing business strategies. The initial question is based on incorporating advances in neuro-marketing to the field of strategic direction. The research method used is to review the literature to study this phenomenon. The main conclusion is that neuro-marketing allows us to know the customer's reactions in terms of brain activation without the need to appeal to the report of his conscious experience. In consequence the firms will be able to develop capacities and valuable resources to create focal strategies
The Appell function F1 and Regge string scattering amplitudes

AbstractWe show that each 26D open bosonic Regge string scattering amplitude (RSSA) can be expressed in terms of one single Appell function F1 in the Regge limit. This result enables us to derive infinite number of recurrence relations among RSSA at arbitrary mass levels, which are conjectured to be related to the known SL(5,C) dynamical symmetry of F1. In addition, we show that these recurrence relations in the Regge limit can be systematically solved so that all RSSA can be expressed in terms of one amplitude. All these results are dual to high energy symmetries of fixed angle string scattering amplitudes discovered previously [4–8]
Higgs effects in top anti-top production near threshold in e+e− annihilation

AbstractThe completion of the third-order QCD corrections to the inclusive top-pair production cross section near threshold demonstrates that the strong dynamics is under control at the few percent level. In this paper we consider the effects of the Higgs boson on the cross section and, for the first time, combine the third-order QCD result with the third-order P-wave, the leading QED and the leading non-resonant contributions. We study the size of the different effects and investigate the sensitivity of the cross section to variations of the top-quark Yukawa coupling due to possible new physics effects
Finite-size effects on the phase structure of the Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model

AbstractThe Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model is one of the most frequently used four-fermion models in the study of dynamical symmetry breaking. In particular, the NJL model is convenient for that analysis at finite temperature, chemical potential and size effects, as has been explored in the last decade. With this motivation, we investigate the finite-size effects on the phase structure of the NJL model in D=3 Euclidean dimensions, in the situations that one, two and three dimensions are compactified. In this context, we employ the zeta-function and compactification methods to calculate the effective potential and gap equation. The critical lines that separate trivial and non-trivial fermion mass phases in a second order transition are obtained. We also analyze the system at finite temperature, considering the inverse of temperature as the size of one of the compactified dimensions
Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Heterogeneous Welds: Validation of a Weld Homogenisation Approach

AbstractFlaw assessments assume homogeneous material properties, but welds are heterogeneous. The authors have developed a method to address heterogeneity in the estimation of crack driving force. This paper presents a numerical validation of the proposed approach. Weld heterogeneity is characterized in three pipeline girth welds by means of hardness mapping. The resulting distributions are input into a finite element model of a clamped SE(T) specimen. Following, crack tip opening displacement responses of heterogeneous welds are compared with predictions. The approach is found to strongly simplify analyses involving heterogeneous welds while maintaining an acceptable level of accuracy with respect to load
Multiobjective evolutionary optimization of water distribution systems: Exploiting diversity with infeasible solutions

AbstractThis article investigates the computational efficiency of constraint handling in multi-objective evolutionary optimization algorithms for water distribution systems. The methodology investigated here encourages the co-existence and simultaneous development including crossbreeding of subpopulations of cost-effective feasible and infeasible solutions based on Pareto dominance. This yields a boundary search approach that also promotes diversity in the gene pool throughout the progress of the optimization by exploiting the full spectrum of non-dominated infeasible solutions. The relative effectiveness of small and moderate population sizes with respect to the number of decision variables is investigated also. The results reveal the optimization algorithm to be efficient, stable and robust. It found optimal and near-optimal solutions reliably and efficiently. The real-world system based optimization problem involved multiple variable head supply nodes, 29 fire-fighting flows, extended period simulation and multiple demand categories including water loss. The least cost solutions found satisfied the flow and pressure requirements consistently. The best solutions achieved indicative savings of 48.1% and 48.2% based on the cost of the pipes in the existing network, for populations of 200 and 1000, respectively. The population of 1000 achieved slightly better results overall
Beliefs and actions in the trust game: Creating instrumental variables to estimate the causal effect

AbstractIn many economic contexts, an elusive variable of interest is the agent's belief about relevant events, e.g. about other agents' behavior. A growing number of surveys and experiments asks participants to state beliefs explicitly but little is known about the causal relation between beliefs and actions. This paper discusses the possibility of creating exogenous instrumental variables for belief statements, by informing the agent about exogenous manipulations of the relevant events. We conduct trust game experiments where the amount sent back by the second player (trustee) is exogenously varied. The procedure allows detecting causal links from beliefs to actions under plausible assumptions. The IV-estimated effect is significant, confirming the causal role of beliefs
Inhabitants’ and professionals’ social representations of health determinants in a disadvantaged urban area in France: A qualitative analysis

AbstractBackground and objectiveAccess to care in French disadvantaged urban areas remains an issue despite the implementation of local healthcare structures. To understand this contradiction, we investigated social representations held by inhabitants of such areas, as well as those of social and healthcare professionals, regarding events or behaviours that can impact low-income individuals’ health.MethodIn the context of a health diagnosis, 288 inhabitants living in five disadvantaged districts of Aix-les-Bains, as well as 28 professionals working in these districts, completed an open-ended questionnaire. The two groups of respondents were asked to describe what could have an impact on health status from the inhabitants’ point of view. The textual responses were analyzed using the Alceste method.ResultsWe observed a number of differences in the way the inhabitants and professionals represented determinants of health in disadvantaged urban areas: the former proposed a representation mixing personal responsibility with physiological, social, familial, and professional aspects, whereas the latter associated health issues with marginalization (financial, drug, or alcohol problems) and personal responsibility. Both inhabitants and professionals mentioned control over events and lifestyle as determinants of health.DiscussionThe results are discussed regarding the consequences of these different representations on the beneficiary – healthcare-provider relationship in terms of communication and trust
Measurement of the inclusive W and Z production cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the CMS experiment

A measurement of inclusive W and Z production cross sections in pp collisions at √s = 7TeV is presented. The electron and muon decay channels are analyzed in a data sample collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb-1. The measured inclusive cross sections are σ(pp → WX) × ß(W → lν) = 10.31 × 0.02 (stat.) × 0.09 (syst.) × 0.10 (th.) × 0.41 (lumi.) nb and σ(pp → ZX) x B(Z → l +l- = 0.974 × 0.007 (stat.) × 0.007 (syst.) × 0.018 (th.) × 0.039 (lumi.) nb, limited to the dilepton invariant mass range 60 to 120 GeV. The luminosity-independent cross section ratios are (σ(pp → WX) × B(W → lv))/(σ(pp → ZX) × B(Z → l+l-)) = 10.54 × 0.07 (stat.) × 0.08 (syst.) × 0.16 (th.) and (σ(pp → W+X) × B(W+ → l+ν))/(σ(pp → W-X) × B(W- → l-v̄)) = 1.421×0.006 (stat.) ×0.014 (syst.) ×0.029 (th.). The measured values agree with next-to-next-to-leading order QCD cross section calculations based on recent parton distribution functions. Copyright CERN.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Study of W boson production in pPb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV

The first study of W boson production in pPb collisions is presented, for bosons decaying to a muon or electron, and a neutrino. The measurements are based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34.6 nb-1 at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of √sNN = 5.02 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment. The W boson differential cross sections, lepton charge asymmetry, and forward-backward asymmetries are measured for leptons of transverse momentum exceeding 25 GeV/c, and as a function of the lepton pseudorapidity in the |ηlab|<2.4 range. Deviations from the expectations based on currently available parton distribution functions are observed, showing the need for including W boson data in nuclear parton distribution global fits. © 2015 CERN for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Search for neutral resonances decaying into a Z boson and a pair of b jets or τ leptons

A search is performed for a new resonance decaying into a lighter resonance and a Z boson. Two channels are studied, targeting the decay of the lighter resonance into either a pair of oppositely charged τ leptons or a bb pair. The Z boson is identified via its decays to electrons or muons. The search exploits data collected by the CMS experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.8 fb-1. No significant deviations are observed from the standard model expectation and limits are set on production cross sections and parameters of two-Higgs-doublet models.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
A fresh look into m_{c,b} and precise f_{D_(s),B_(s)} from heavy-light
  QCD spectral sum rules

Using recent values of the QCD (non-) perturbative parameters given in Table
1 and an estimate of the N3LO QCD perturbative contributions based on the
geometric growth of the PT series, we re-use QCD spectral sum rules (QSSR)
known to N2LO PT series and including all dimension-six NP condensate
contributions in the full QCD theory, for improving the existing estimates of
{m}_{c,b} and f_{D_(s)}, f_{B_(s)} from the open charm and beauty systems. We
especially study the effects of the subtraction point on "different QSSR data"
and use (for the first time) the Renormalization Group Invariant (RGI) scale
independent quark masses in the analysis. The estimates [rigourous
model-independent upper bounds within the SVZ framework] reported in Table 8:
f_D/f_\pi=1.56(5)[< 1.68(1)], f_B/f_\pi=1.58(5)[< 1.80(3)] and f_{D_s}/f_K=
1.58(4) [< 1.63(1)], f_{B_s}/f_K=1.50(3)[< 1.61(3.5)], which improve previous
QSSR estimates, are in perfect agreement (in values and precisions) with some
of the experimental data on f_{D,D_s} and on recent lattice simulations within
dynamical quarks. These remarkable agreements confirm both the success of the
QSSR semi-approximate approach based on the OPE in terms of the quark and gluon
condensates and of the Minimal Duality Ansatz (MDA) for parametrizing the
hadronic spectral function which we have tested from the complete data of the
J/\psi and \Upsilon systems. The values of the running quark masses
m_c(m_c)=1286(66) MeV and m_b(m_b)= 4236(69) MeV from M_{D,B} are in good
agreement though less accurate than the ones from recent J/\psi and \Upsilon
sum rules.Comment: 14 pages, 20 figures, 8 tables: partly presented at the 16th QCD
  international conference (QCD 12), Montpellier, 2-6th july 2012; version
  which matches with the one to appear in PL
Search for a Higgs boson in the mass range from 145 to 1000 GeV decaying to a pair of W or Z bosons

A search for a heavy Higgs boson in the H to WW and H to ZZ decay channels is reported. The search is based upon proton-proton collision data samples corresponding to an integrated luminosity of up to 5.1 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s)=7 TeV and up to 19.7 inverse femtobarns at sqrt(s)=8 TeV, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. Several final states of the H to WW and H to ZZ decays are analyzed. The combined upper limit at the 95% confidence level on the product of the cross section and branching fraction exclude a Higgs boson with standard model-like couplings and decays in the range 145 &lt; m[H] &lt; 1000 GeV. We also interpret the results in the context of an electroweak singlet extension of the standard model
Soil–plant interactions and the uptake of Pb at abandoned mining sites in the Rookhope catchment of the N. Pennines, UK : a Pb isotope study\ud

This paper examines Pb concentrations and sources in soil, grass and heather from the Rookhope catchment in the North Pennines, UK, an area of historical Pb and Zn mining and smelting. Currently, the area has extensive livestock and sports shooting industries. Risk assessment, using the source-pathway-receptor paradigm, requires the quantification of source terms and an understanding of the many factors determining the concentration of Pb in plants. A paired soil and vegetation (grass and heather) geochemical survey was undertaken. Results showed no direct correlation between soil (total or EDTA extractable Pb) and vegetation Pb concentration. However, regression modelling based on the Free-Ion Activity Model (FIAM) suggested that the underlying mechanism determining grass Pb concentration across the catchment was largely through root uptake. Spatial patterns of 206/207Pb isotopes suggested greater aerosol deposition of Pb on high moorland and prevailing wind facing slopes. This was evident in the isotopic ratios of the heather plants. Pb isotope analysis showed that new growth heather tips typically had 206/207Pb values of ~1.14, whilst grass shoots typically had values ~1.16 and bulk soil and peat ~1.18. However, the 206/207Pb ratio in the top few cm of peat was ~1.16 suggesting that grass was accessing Pb from a historical/recent pool of Pb in soil/peat profiles and consisting of both Pennine ore Pb and long-range Pb deposition. Isotope Dilution assays on the peat showed a lability of between 40 and 60%. A simple source apportionment model applied to samples where the isotope ratios was not within the range of the local Pennine Pb, suggested that grass samples contained up to 31 % of non-Pennine Pb. This suggests that the historical/recent reservoir of non-Pennine Pb accessed by roots continues to be a persistent contaminant source despite the principal petrol Pb source being phased out over a decade ago