pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The Inflaton Portal to Dark Matter

We consider the possibility that the inflaton is part of the dark sector and
interacts with the standard model through a portal interaction with a heavy
complex scalar field in equilibrium with the standard model at high energies.
The inflaton and dark matter are encapsulated in a single complex field and
both scalar sectors are charged under different (approximate) global U(1)'s
such that the dark matter, as well as the visible pseudo-scalar are taken to be
relatively light, as pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons of the theory. The dark
matter relic density is populated by Freeze-In productions through the inflaton
portal. In particular, after the reheating, production of dark matter by
inflaton decay is naturally suppressed thanks to Planck stringent constraints
on the dark quartic coupling, therefore preserving the non thermal scenario
from any initial condition tuning.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, citations added, typos corrected, comments adde
Dissimilarities of reduced density matrices and eigenstate
  thermalization hypothesis

We calculate various quantities that characterize the dissimilarity of
reduced density matrices for a short interval of length $\ell$ in a
two-dimensional (2D) large central charge conformal field theory (CFT). These
quantities include the R\'enyi entropy, entanglement entropy, relative entropy,
Jensen-Shannon divergence, as well as the Schatten 2-norm and 4-norm. We adopt
the method of operator product expansion of twist operators, and calculate the
short interval expansion of these quantities up to order of $\ell^9$ for the
contributions from the vacuum conformal family. The formal forms of these
dissimilarity measures and the derived Fisher information metric from
contributions of general operators are also given. As an application of the
results, we use these dissimilarity measures to compare the excited and thermal
states, and examine the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) by showing
how they behave in high temperature limit. This would help to understand how
ETH in 2D CFT can be defined more precisely. We discuss the possibility that
all the dissimilarity measures considered here vanish when comparing the
reduced density matrices of an excited state and a generalized Gibbs ensemble
thermal state. We also discuss ETH for a microcanonical ensemble thermal state
in a 2D large central charge CFT, and find that it is approximately satisfied
for a small subsystem and violated for a large subsystem.Comment: V1, 34 pages, 5 figures, see collection of complete results in the
  attached Mathematica notebook; V2, 38 pages, 5 figures, published versio
Collectivity from interference

In hadronic collisions, interference between different production channels
affects momentum distributions of multi-particle final states. As this QCD
interference does not depend on the strong coupling constant, it is part of the
no-interaction baseline that needs to be controlled prior to searching for
other manifestations of collective dynamics. Here, we introduce a model that is
based on the QCD theory of multi-parton interactions and that allows one to
study interference effects in the production of $m$ particles in hadronic
collisions with $N$ parton-parton interactions ("sources"). In an expansion in
powers of $1/(N_c^2-1)$ and to leading order in the number of sources $N$, we
calculate interference effects in the $m$-particle spectra and we determine
from them the second and fourth order cumulant momentum anisotropies $v_n$.
Without invoking any azimuthal asymmetry and any density dependent non-linear
dynamics in the incoming state, and without invoking any interaction in the
final state, we find that QCD interference alone can give rise to values for
$v_n\lbrace 2\rbrace$ and $v_n\lbrace 4\rbrace$, $n$ even, that persist
unattenuated for increasing number of sources, that may increase with
increasing multiplicity and that agree with measurements in proton-proton (pp)
collisions in terms of the order of magnitude of the signal and the approximate
shape of the transverse momentum dependence. We further find that the
non-abelian features of QCD interference can give rise to odd harmonic
anisotropies. These findings indicate that the no-interaction baseline
including QCD interference effects can make a sizeable if not dominant
contribution to the measured $v_n$ coefficients in pp collisions. Prospects for
analyzing QCD interference contributions further and their possible relevance
for proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions are discussed shortly.Comment: 49 pages, 15 figures, revised version to appear in JHE
$\mathbf{SO(10)}\times \mathbf{S_4} $ Grand Unified Theory of Flavour
  and Leptogenesis

We propose a Grand Unified Theory of Flavour, based on $SO(10)$ together with
a non-Abelian discrete group $S_4$, under which the unified three quark and
lepton 16-plets are unified into a single triplet $3'$. The model involves a
further discrete group $ \mathbb{Z}_4^R\times \mathbb{Z}_4^3$ which controls
the Higgs and flavon symmetry breaking sectors. The CSD2 flavon vacuum
alignment is discussed, along with the GUT breaking potential and the
doublet-triplet splitting, and proton decay is shown to be under control. The
Yukawa matrices are derived in detail, from renormalisable diagrams, and
neutrino masses emerge from the type I seesaw mechanism. A full numerical fit
is performed with 15 input parameters generating 19 presently constrained
observables, taking into account supersymmetry threshold corrections. The model
predicts a normal neutrino mass ordering with a CP oscillation phase of
$260^{\circ}$, an atmospheric angle in the first octant and neutrinoless double
beta decay with $m_{\beta \beta}= 11$ meV. We discuss $N_2$ leptogenesis, which
fixes the second right-handed neutrino mass to be $M_2\simeq 2\times 10^{11}$
GeV, in the natural range predicted by the model.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figure
Magnetically-enhanced open string pair production

We consider the stringy interaction between two parallel stacks of D3 branes
placed at a separation. Each stack of D3 branes in a similar fashion carry an
electric flux and a magnetic flux with the two sharing no common field strength
index. The interaction amplitude has an imaginary part, giving rise to the
Schwinger-like pair production of open strings. We find a significantly
enhanced rate of this production when the two electric fluxes are almost
identical and the brane separation is on the order of string scale. This
enhancement will be largest if the two magnetic fluxes are opposite in
direction. This novel enhancement results from the interplay of the
non-perturbative Schwinger-type pair production due to the electric flux and
the stringy tachyon due to the magnetic flux, and may have realistic physical
applications.Comment: 12 pages, minor revision, typos corrected, two references added, to
  appear in JHE
Surface Defect Indices and 2d-4d BPS States

We conjecture a formula for the Schur index of four-dimensional
$\mathcal{N}=2$ theories coupled to $(2,2)$ surface defects in terms of the
$2d$-$4d$ BPS spectrum in the Coulomb phase of the theory. The key ingredient
in our conjecture is a refined $2d$-$4d$ wall-crossing invariant, which we also
formulate. Our result intertwines recent conjectures expressing the
four-dimensional Schur index in terms of infrared BPS particles, with the
Cecotti-Vafa formula for limits of the elliptic genus in terms of
two-dimensional BPS solitons. We extend our discussion to framed $2d$-$4d$ BPS
states, and use this to demonstrate a general relationship between surface
defect indices and line defect indices. We illustrate our results in the
example of $SU(2)$ super Yang-Mills coupled to the $\mathbb{CP}^1$ sigma model
defect.Comment: 50 pages, 1 figur
Relativistic Hydrodynamic Attractors with Broken Symmetries:
  Non-Conformal and Non-Homogeneous

Standard textbooks will state that hydrodynamics requires near-equilibrium to
be applicable. Recently, however, out-of-equilibrium attractor solutions for
hydrodynamics have been found in kinetic theory and holography in systems with
a high degree of symmetry, suggesting the possibility of a genuine
out-of-equilibrium formulation of hydrodynamics. This work demonstrates that
attractor solutions also occur in non-conformal kinetic theory and spatially
non-homogeneous systems, potentially having important implications for the
interpretation of experimental data in heavy-ion and proton-proton collisions
and relativistic fluid dynamics as a whole.Comment: 13 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor changes (typos, etc.); v3: matches
  published versio
Refining the scalar and tensor contributions in $\tau\to
  \pi\pi\pi\nu_\tau$ decays

In this article we analyze the contribution from intermediate spin-0 and
spin-2 resonances to the $\tau\to\nu \pi\pi\pi$ decay by means of a chiral
invariant Lagrangian incorporating these mesons. In particular, we study the
corresponding axial-vector form-factors. The advantage of this procedure with
respect to previous analyses is that it incorporates chiral (and isospin)
invariance and, hence, the partial conservation of the axial-vector current.
This ensures the recovery of the right low-energy limit, described by chiral
perturbation theory, and the transversality of the current in the chiral limit
at all energies. Furthermore, the meson form-factors are further improved by
requiring appropriate QCD high-energy conditions. We end up with a brief
discussion on its implementation in the Tauola Monte Carlo and the prospects
for future analyses of Belle's data.Comment: 32 pages, 13 figures. Extended discussion on the numerical importance
  of the tensor and scalar resonances and the parametrization of the scalar
  propagator. Version published in JHE
Comments on supersymmetric renormalization in two-dimensional curved
  spacetime

In this technical note we introduce a manifestly gauge-invariant and
supersymmetric procedure to regularize and renormalize one-loop divergences of
chiral multiplets in two-dimensional N=(2,2) theories in curved spacetime. We
apply the method, a version of Pauli-Villars regularization, to known examples
of supersymmetric localization and demonstrate that the partition functions are
renormalized. An accompanying ancillary file, a Mathematica notebook,
implements the relevant supergravity transformations.Comment: 19 pages, comes with a Mathematica notebook; version 2: counterterm
  action slightly improved, comments and references added, typos correcte
Neutrinoless double beta decay in chiral effective field theory: lepton
  number violation at dimension seven

We analyze neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) within the
framework of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory. Apart from the
dimension-five Weinberg operator, the first contributions appear at dimension
seven. We classify the operators and evolve them to the electroweak scale,
where we match them to effective dimension-six, -seven, and -nine operators. In
the next step, after renormalization group evolution to the QCD scale, we
construct the chiral Lagrangian arising from these operators. We develop a
power-counting scheme and derive the two-nucleon $0\nu\beta\beta$ currents up
to leading order in the power counting for each lepton-number-violating
operator. We argue that the leading-order contribution to the decay rate
depends on a relatively small number of nuclear matrix elements. We test our
power counting by comparing nuclear matrix elements obtained by various methods
and by different groups. We find that the power counting works well for nuclear
matrix elements calculated from a specific method, while, as in the case of
light Majorana neutrino exchange, the overall magnitude of the matrix elements
can differ by factors of two to three between methods. We calculate the
constraints that can be set on dimension-seven lepton-number-violating
operators from $0\nu\beta\beta$ experiments and study the interplay between
dimension-five and -seven operators, discussing how dimension-seven
contributions affect the interpretation of $0\nu\beta\beta$ in terms of the
effective Majorana mass $m_{\beta \beta}$.Comment: Matches version published in JHE
Pico-charged intermediate particles rescue dark matter interpretation of
  511 keV signal

Various alleged indirect dark matter search signals, such as the 511 keV line
from galaxy center or the PAMELA/AMS02 signal, are often challenged by the
absence of corresponding signal from dwarf galaxies and/or from the absence of
an impact on CMB through delayed recombination. We propose a novel scenario
that can avoid these bounds based on the decay of dark matter, X, to a pair of
intermediate particles C and \bar{C} with a lifetime much greater than the age
of universe. The annihilation of these intermediate particles eventually leads
to a dark matter signal. The bounds from CMB can be easily avoided by the fact
that at the time of recombination, not enough C particles had been accumulated.
In order to keep C particles from leaving the galaxy, we assume the particles
have a small electric charge so in the galactic disk, the magnetic field keeps
the C particles in the vicinity of their production. However, they can escape
the dwarf galaxies and the dark matter halo where the magnetic field is weak,
leading to null signal from these regions. The small charge can have
interesting consequences including a signal in direct dark matter searches.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur
Flavour alignment in multi-Higgs-doublet models

Extended electroweak scalar sectors containing several doublet multiplets
require flavour-aligned Yukawa matrices to prevent the appearance at tree level
of unwanted flavour- changing neutral-current transitions. We analyse the
misalignment induced by one-loop quantum corrections and explore possible
generalizations of the alignment condition and their compatibility with current
experimental constraints. The hypothesis of flavour alignment at a high scale
turns out to be consistent with all known phenomenological tests.Comment: 35 pages, 8 figures. Version published at JHE
The Higgs Vacuum Uplifted: Revisiting the Electroweak Phase Transition
  with a Second Higgs Doublet

The existence of a second Higgs doublet in Nature could lead to a
cosmological first order electroweak phase transition and explain the origin of
the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe. We explore the parameter space
of such a two-Higgs-doublet-model and show that a first order electroweak phase
transition strongly correlates with a significant uplifting of the Higgs vacuum
w.r.t. its Standard Model value. We then obtain the spectrum and properties of
the new scalars $H_0$, $A_0$ and $H^{\pm}$ that signal such a phase transition,
showing that the decay $A_0 \rightarrow H_0 Z$ at the LHC and a sizable
deviation in the Higgs self-coupling $\lambda_{hhh}$ from its SM value are
sensitive indicators of a strongly first order electroweak phase transition in
the 2HDM
Thermoelectric Transport Coefficients from Charged Solv and Nil Black
  Holes

In the present work we study charged black hole solutions of the
Einstein-Maxwell action that have Thurston geometries on its near horizon
region. In particular we find solutions with charged Solv and Nil geometry
horizons. We also find Nil black holes with hyperscaling violation. For all our
solutions we compute the thermoelectric DC transport coefficients of the
corresponding dual field theory. We find that the Solv and Nil black holes
without hyperscaling violation are dual to metals while those with hyperscaling
violation are dual to insulators.Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures. v2: refs and details on computations added.
  arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1503.01716 by other author
An Alternative Lattice Field Theory Formulation Inspired by Lattice
  Supersymmetry

We propose an unconventional formulation of lattice field theories which is
quite general, although originally motivated by the quest of exact lattice
supersymmetry. Two long standing problems have a solution in this context: 1)
Each degree of freedom on the lattice corresponds to $2^d$ degrees of freedom
in the continuum, but all these doublers have (in the case of fermions) the
same chirality and can be either identified, thus removing the degeneracy, or,
in some theories with extended supersymmetry, identified with different members
of the same supermultiplet. 2) The derivative operator, defined on the lattice
as a suitable periodic function of the lattice momentum, is an addittive and
conserved quantity, thus assuring that the Leibnitz rule is satisfied. This
implies that the product of two fields on the lattice is replaced by a
non-local "star product" which is however in general non-associative.
Associativity of the "star product" poses strong restrictions on the form of
the lattice derivative operator (which becomes the inverse gudermannian
function of the lattice momentum) and has the consequence that the degrees of
freedom of the lattice theory and of the continuum theory are in one-to-one
correspondence, so that the two theories are eventually equivalent.
Regularization of the ultraviolet divergences on the lattice is not associated
to the lattice spacing, which does not act as a regulator, but may be obtained
by a one parameter deformation of the lattice derivative, thus preserving the
lattice structure even in the limit of infinite momentum cutoff. However this
regularization breaks gauge invariance and a gauge invariant regularization
within the lattice formulation is still lacking.Comment: 68 pages, 7 figure
Diagrammatic Hopf algebra of cut Feynman integrals: the one-loop case

We construct a diagrammatic coaction acting on one-loop Feynman graphs and
their cuts. The graphs are naturally identified with the corresponding (cut)
Feynman integrals in dimensional regularization, whose coefficients of the
Laurent expansion in the dimensional regulator are multiple polylogarithms
(MPLs). Our main result is the conjecture that this diagrammatic coaction
reproduces the combinatorics of the coaction on MPLs order by order in the
Laurent expansion. We show that our conjecture holds in a broad range of
nontrivial one-loop integrals. We then explore its consequences for the study
of discontinuities of Feynman integrals, and the differential equations that
they satisfy. In particular, using the diagrammatic coaction along with
information from cuts, we explicitly derive differential equations for any
one-loop Feynman integral. We also explain how to construct the symbol of any
one-loop Feynman integral recursively. Finally, we show that our diagrammatic
coaction follows, in the special case of one-loop integrals, from a more
general coaction proposed recently, which is constructed by pairing master
integrands with corresponding master contours.Comment: 76 pages. v2: Remarks added for clarification, typos corrected.
  Supersedes published versio
Non-perturbative decay of Non-Abelian hair

We construct a solution of Heterotic supergravity which interpolates between
two different AdS$_{3}\times S^{3}\times T^{4}$ geometries corresponding to the
near-horizon limits of two 5-dimensional black holes, only one of which has
non-Abelian hair. This solution can be used to estimate the amplitude of
probability of the non-perturbative decay of the gauge 5-brane responsible for
the non-Abelian hair into eight solitonic 5-branes by evaluating its Euclidean
action. The Wick rotation of this solution poses several problems which we
argue can be overcome by using a non-extremal off-shell (NEOS) deformation of
the solution. This NEOS field configuration can be Wick rotated straight away
and its Euclidean action can be computed for any value of the deformation
parameter. The Euclidean result can then be anti-Wick-rotated and its extremal
limit gives the Euclidean action of the original solution, which turns out to
be one half of the difference between the entropies of the 5-dimensional black
holes.Comment: Few typos corrected. Two references and a footnote added. Version to
  be published in JHE
Non-Abelian black holes in string theory

We study a family of 5-dimensional non-Abelian black holes that can be
obtained by adding an instanton field to the well-known D1D5W Abelian black
holes. Naively, the non-Abelian fields seem to contribute to the black-hole
entropy but not to the mass due to their rapid fall-off at spatial infinity. By
uplifting the 5-dimensional supergravity solution to 10-dimensional Heterotic
Supergravity first and then dualizing it into a Type-I Supergravity solution,
we show that the non-Abelian fields are associated to D5-branes dissolved into
the D9-branes (dual to the Heterotic "gauge 5-branes") and that their
associated RR charge does not, in fact, contribute to the entropy, which only
depends on the number16 pages of D-strings and D5 branes and the momentum along
the D-strings, as in the Abelian case. These "dissolved" or "gauge" D5-branes
do contribute to the mass in the expected form. The correct interpretation of
the 5-dimensional charges in terms of the string-theory objects solves the
non-Abelian hair puzzle, allowing for the microscopic accounting of the
entropy. We discuss the validity of the solution when alpha prime corrections
are taken into account.Comment: Latex 2e file, 21 pages. A full appendix on alpha prime corrections
  and the corresponding discussions have been added. The conclusions have
  suffered minor changes. Version accepted in JHE
Instanton effects in correlation functions on the light-cone

We study instanton corrections to four-point correlation correlation function
of half-BPS operators in $\mathcal N=4$ SYM in the light-cone limit when
operators become null separated in a sequential manner. We exploit the relation
between the correlation function in this limit and light-like rectangular
Wilson loop to determine the leading instanton contribution to the former from
the semiclassical result for the latter. We verify that the light-like
rectangular Wilson loop satisfies anomalous conformal Ward identities
nonperturbatively, in the presence of instantons. We then use these identities
to compute the leading instanton contribution to the light-like cusp anomalous
dimension and to anomalous dimension of twist-two operators with large spin.Comment: 27 page
Revised constraints and Belle II sensitivity for visible and invisible
  axion-like particles

Light pseudoscalars interacting pre-dominantly with Standard Model gauge
bosons (so-called axion-like particles or ALPs) occur frequently in extensions
of the Standard Model. In this work we review and update existing constraints
on ALPs in the keV to GeV mass region from colliders, beam dump experiments and
astrophysics. We furthermore provide a detailed calculation of the expected
sensitivity of Belle II, which can search for visibly and invisibly decaying
ALPs, as well as long-lived ALPs. The Belle II sensitivity is found to be
substantially better than previously estimated, covering wide ranges of
relevant parameter space. In particular, Belle II can explore an interesting
class of dark matter models, in which ALPs mediate the interactions between the
Standard Model and dark matter. In these models, the relic abundance can be set
via resonant freeze-out, leading to a highly predictive scenario consistent
with all existing constraints but testable with single-photon searches at Belle
II in the near future.Comment: 29 pages, 8 figures; v2: added discussion of heavy-ion collisions,
  matches published version; data for exclusion limits provided as ancillary
  file