pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
D-term contributions to the mixed modulus–anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking

AbstractWe investigate effects of D-term contributions to the mixed modulus–anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario. In the original scenario, the tachyonic slepton problem in the pure anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking is cured by modulus contributions. We generalize the scenario so as to include contributions from the D-terms of U(1)Y and the gauged U(1)B−L which is motivated in a grand unified theory based on a higher rank gauge group such as SO(10). As a consequence of additional D-term contributions to scalar masses, we obtain various soft supersymmetry breaking mass spectra, which are different from those obtained in the conventional mixed modulus–anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking. Especially, we find that the lightest superpartner (LSP) neutralinos can be various types, such as higgsino-like, wino-like and bino-like degenerating with the next LSP sfermions
SUSY 3D Georgi–Glashow model at finite temperature

AbstractWe study the finite-temperature properties of the supersymmetric version of (2+1)D Georgi–Glashow model. As opposed to its non-supersymmetric counterpart, the parity symmetry in this theory at zero temperature is spontaneously broken by the bilinear photino condensate. We find that as the temperature is raised, the deconfinement and the parity restoration occur in this model at the same point Tc=g2/8π. The transition is continuous, but is not of the Ising type as in non-supersymmetric Georgi–Glashow model, but rather of the Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless type as in Z4-invariant spin model
Search for new physics with dijet angular distributions in proton-proton
  collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search is presented for extra spatial dimensions, quantum black holes, and
quark contact interactions in measurements of dijet angular distributions in
proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. The data were collected with the
CMS detector at the LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.6
inverse femtobarns. The distributions are found to be in agreement with
predictions from perturbative quantum chromodynamics that include electroweak
corrections. Limits for different contact interaction models are obtained in a
benchmark model, valid to next-to-leading order in QCD, in which only
left-handed quarks participate, quark contact interactions are excluded up to a
scale of 11.5 or 14.7 TeV for destructive or constructive interference,
respectively. The production of quantum black holes is excluded for masses
below 7.8 or 5.3 TeV, depending on the model. The lower limits for the scales
of virtual graviton exchange in the Arkani-Hamed--Dimopoulos--Dvali model of
extra spatial dimensions are in the range 7.9-11.2 TeV, and are the most
stringent set of limits available.Comment: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and
  DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-15-00
Low-cost and fast wet-based technique to generate nanostructured organic materials layers and its application to chemiresistive gassensing devices

Nanostructured materials for sensors and transducers are of great interest to the scientific community due to several\ud
advantages that these materials can provide (e.g., integration with large scale manufacturing technologies, enhanced\ud
performances, etc.). Nonetheless, large-area, low-cost and fast processing technologies for creating effective sensing nanostructures are still sought for. In this work, a recently described technique called Auxiliary Solvent-Based Sublimation-Aided NanoStructuring (ASB-SANS) has been used to generate poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT, a well known semiconducting polymer) nanofilamentary structures onto interdigitated electrodes. These have been tested as gas sensing layers for volatile organic compounds, delivering promising results
Search for heavy resonances decaying to tau lepton pairs in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

A search for heavy resonances that decay to tau lepton pairs is performed using proton-proton collisions at s√=13 TeV. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb−1. The observations are in agreement with standard model predictions. An upper limit at 95% confidence level on the product of the production cross section and branching fraction into tau lepton pairs is calculated as a function of the resonance mass. For the sequential standard model, the presence of Z′ bosons decaying into tau lepton pairs is excluded for Z′ masses below 2.1 TeV, extending previous limits for this final state. For the topcolor-assisted technicolor model, which predicts Z′ bosons that preferentially couple to third-generation fermions, Z′ masses below 1.7 TeV are excluded, representing the most stringent limit to date
Shakedown analysis for rolling and sliding contact problems

There is a range of problems where repeated rolling or sliding contact occurs. For such problems shakedown and limit analyses provides significant advantages over other forms of analysis when a global understanding of deformation behaviour is required. In this paper, a recently developed numerical method. Ponter and Engelhardt (2000) and Chen and Ponter (2001), for 3-D shakedown analyses is used to solve the rolling and sliding point contact problem previously considered by Ponter, Hearle and Johnson (1985) for a moving Herzian contact, with friction, over a half space. The method is an upper bound programming method, the Linear Matching Method, which provides a sequence of reducing upper bounds that converges to the least upper bound associated with a finite element mesh and may be implemented within a standard commercial finite element code. The solutions given in Ponter, Hearle and Johnson (1985) for circular contacts are reproduced and extended to the case when the frictional contact stresses are at an angle to the direction of travel. Solutions for the case where the contact region is elliptic are also given
Collaborative learning with multi-touch technology : Developing adaptive expertise.

Developing fluency and flexibility in mathematics is a key goal of upper primary schooling, however, while fluency can be developed with practice, designing activities that support the development of flexibility is more difficult. Drawing on concepts of adaptive expertise, we developed a task for a multi-touch classroom, NumberNet, that aimed to support both fluency and flexibility. Results from a quasi-experimental study of 86 students (44 using NumberNet, 42 using a paper-based comparison activity) indicated that all students increased in fluency after completing these activities, while students who used NumberNet also increased in flexibility. Video analysis of the NumberNet groups indicate that the opportunity to collaborate, and learn from other groups' expressions, may have supported this increase in flexibility. The final phase of the task suggests future possibilities for engaging students in mathematical discourse to further support the development of mathematical adaptive expertise
Tuberculosis and mass gatherings-opportunities for defining burden, transmission risk, and the optimal surveillance, prevention, and control measures at the annual Hajj pilgrimage

Tuberculosis (TB) is now the most common infectious cause of death worldwide. In 2014, an estimated 9.6 million people developed active TB. There were an estimated three million people with active TB including 360 000 with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) who were not diagnosed, and such people continue to fuel TB transmission in the community. Accurate data on the actual burden of TB and the transmission risk associated with mass gatherings are scarce and unreliable due to the small numbers studied and methodological issues. Every year, an estimated 10 million pilgrims from 184 countries travel to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) to perform the Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages. A large majority of pilgrims come from high TB burden and MDR-TB endemic areas and thus many may have undiagnosed active TB, sub-clinical TB, and latent TB infection. The Hajj pilgrimage provides unique opportunities for the KSA and the 184 countries from which pilgrims originate, to conduct high quality priority research studies on TB under the remit of the Global Centre for Mass Gatherings Medicine. Research opportunities are discussed, including those related to the definition of the TB burden, transmission risk, and the optimal surveillance, prevention, and control measures at the annual Hajj pilgrimage. The associated data are required to develop international recommendations and guidelines for TB management and control at mass gathering events. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases
Wnt/wingless signaling requires BCL9/legless-mediated recruitment of pygopus to the nuclear beta-catenin-TCF complex

Wnt/Wingless signaling controls many fundamental processes during animal development. Wnt transduction is mediated by the association of beta-catenin with nuclear TCF DNA binding factors. Here we report the identification of two segment polarity genes in Drosophila, legless (lgs), and pygopus (pygo), and we show that their products are required for Wnt signal transduction at the level of nuclear beta-catenin. Lgs encodes the homolog of human BCL9, and we provide genetic and molecular evidence that these proteins exert their function by physically linking Pygo to beta-catenin. Our results suggest that the recruitment of Pygo permits beta-catenin to transcriptionally activate Wnt target genes and raise the possibility that a deregulation of these events may play a causal role in the development of B cell malignancies
Pygopus and legless provide essential transcriptional coactivator functions to armadillo/beta-catenin.

Wnt signaling controls important aspects of animal development, and its deregulation has been causally linked to cancer. Transduction of Wnt signals entails the association of beta-catenin with nuclear TCF DNA binding proteins and the subsequent activation of target genes. The transcriptional activity of Armadillo (Arm, the Drosophila beta-catenin homolog) largely depends on two recently discovered components, Legless (Lgs) and Pygopus (Pygo). Lgs functions as an adaptor between Arm/beta-catenin and Pygo, but different mechanisms have been proposed as to how Arm/beta-catenin is controlled by Lgs and Pygo. Although Lgs and Pygo were originally thought to serve as nuclear cofactors for Arm/beta-catenin to enhance its transactivation capacity, a recent analysis argued that they function instead to target Arm/beta-catenin to the nucleus. Here, we used genetic assays in cultured cells and in vivo to discriminate between the two paradigms. Regardless of the measures taken to maintain the nuclear presence of Arm/beta-catenin, a transcriptional-activation function of Pygo could not be bypassed. Our findings therefore indicate that Arm/beta-catenin depends on Lgs and Pygo primarily for its transcriptional output rather than for its nuclear import
Array of Josephson junctions with a nonsinusoidal current-phase relation as a model of the resistive transition of unconventional superconductors

An array of resistively and capacitively shunted Josephson junctions with nonsinusoidal current-phase relation is considered for modeling the transition in high-Tc superconductors. The emergence of higher harmonics, besides the simple sinusoid Ic sin , is expected for dominant d-wave symmetry of the Cooper pairs, random distribution of potential drops, dirty grains, or nonstationary conditions. We show that additional cosine and sine terms act, respectively, by modulating the global resistance and by changing the Josephson coupling of the mixed superconductive-normal states. First, the approach is applied to simulate the transition in disordered granular superconductors with the weak-links characterized by nonsinusoidal current-phase relation. In granular superconductors, the emergence of higher-order harmonics affects the slope of the transition. Then, arrays of intrinsic Josephson junctions, naturally formed by the CuO2 planes in cuprates, are considered. The critical temperature suppression, observed at values of hole doping close to p=1/8, is investigated. Such suppression, related to the sign change and modulation of the Josephson coupling across the array, is quantified in terms of the intensities of the first and second sinusoids of the current-phase relation. Applications are envisaged for the design and control of quantum devices based on stacks of intrinsic Josephson junctions
2-C-Branced mannosides as a novel family of FimH antagonists - Synthesis and biological evaluation

Urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are among the most prevalent bacterial infections worldwide, are mainly attributed to uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC). Because of frequent antibiotic treatment, antimicrobial resistance constitutes an increasing therapeutic problem. Antagonists of the mannose-specific bacterial lectin FimH, a key protein mediating the adhesion of UPEC to human bladder cells, would offer an alternative anti-adhesive treatment strategy. In general, FimH antagonists consist of a mannose moiety and a wide range of lipophilic aglycones. Modifications of the mannose core led to a distinct drop in affinity. A visual inspection of the crystal structure of FimH revealed a previously unexplored cavity surrounded by Ile13, Phe142 and Asp140, which could be reached by functional groups in the equatorial 2-position of the mannose. Here, we describe the synthesis of 2- C -branched mannosides and evaluation of their pharmacodynamic properties. ITC experiments with the selected antagonists revealed a drastic enthalpy loss for all 2- C -branched antagonists, which, however, is partially compensated by an entropy gain. This supports the hypothesis that the target cavity is too small to accommodate 2- C -substituents
What difference does Euro membership make to stabilization? The political economy of international monetary systems revisited

For many political economists, the loss of monetary sovereignty is the major reason for why\ud
the Southern periphery fared so badly in the Euro area crisis. Monetary sovereignty here\ud
means the ability of the central bank to devalue the exchange rate or to buy government\ud
debt by printing the domestic currency. We explore this diagnosis by comparing three\ud
countries - Hungary, Latvia and Greece – that received considerable amounts of external\ud
assistance under different monetary regimes. The evidence does not suggest that monetary\ud
sovereignty helped Hungary and Latvia to stabilize their economies. Rather, cooperation and\ud
external assistance made foreign banks share in the costs of stabilization. By contrast, the\ud
provision of liquidity by the ECB inadvertently facilitated the reduction of foreign banks’\ud
exposure to Greece which left the Greek sovereign even more exposed. By viewing the Euro\ud
area as a monetary system rather than an incomplete state, we see that what is needed for\ud
Euro area stabilization is cooperation over banking union, rather than a fully-fledged federal\ud
budget
Numerical Simulation of Solitary-Wave  Propagation over a Steady Current

A two-dimensional numerical model is developed to study the propagation of a solitary wave in the presence of a steady current flow. The numerical model is based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with a k-e turbulence closure scheme and an internal wave-maker method. To capture the air-water interface, the volume of fluid (VOF) method is used in the numerical simulation. The current flow is initialized by imposing a steady inlet velocity on one computational domain end and a constant pressure outlet on the other end. The desired wave is generated by an internal wave maker. The propagation of a solitary wave traveling with a following/opposing current is simulated. The effects of the current velocity on the solitary-wave motion are investigated. The results show that the solitary wave has a smaller wave height, larger wave width, and higher traveling speed after interacting with a following current. Contrariwise, the solitary wave becomes higher with a smaller wave width and lower traveling speed with an opposing current. The regression equations for predicting the wave height, wave width, and traveling speed of the resulting solitary wave are for practical engineering applications. The impacts of the current flow on the induced velocity and the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) of a solitary wave are also investigatedFull Tex
Differences Between Victims of Bullying and Nonvictims on Levels of Paranoid Ideation and Persecutory Symptoms, the Presence of Aggressive Traits, the Display of Social Anxiety and the Recall of Childhood Abuse Experiences in a Portuguese Mixed Clinical Sample

Background: Bullying has been considered as a traumatic experience that can lead to paranoid ideation
in students (Campbell and Morrison, 2007). This study aimed to explore differences concerning
experiences of childhood trauma, the display of social anxiety behaviours, paranoid ideation, and
aggressive traits and behaviour in a mixed clinical population with and without persecutory delusions,
between individuals who reported being victims of bullying versus those who did not.
Method: A total of 61 individuals with diagnoses of paranoid schizophrenia and social anxiety disorder
were given a battery of questionnaires that measured bullying experiences, childhood abuse and
experiences of threat and subordination, paranoid ideation, social anxiety behaviours, shame, and
aggressive traits and behaviours.
Results: Data on the differences between the victims of bullying and non-victims, in terms of recalling
being bullied, showed higher scores on childhood abuse, experiences of threat and subordination within
the family, aggressive traits and higher display of persecutory symptoms and less social anxiety behaviours.
Conclusion: Bullying is a traumatic phenomenon that is reported by people who suffer from persecutory
delusions to a higher degree than those who do not. This study, thus, gives support to the idea that
childhood abuse within the family is associated with bullying experiences and that a traumatic infancy
may lead to the use of aggressive traits and behaviours to deal with a threatening environment (Bentall
and Fernyhough, 2008). This argument raises clinical issues regarding anger management and addressing bullying experiences in individuals with persecutory ideation
Decoction, infusion and hydroalcoholic extract of cultivated thyme: Antioxidant and antibacterial activities, and phenolic characterization

Bioactivity of thyme has been described, but mostly related to its essential oils, while studies with aqueous extracts are scarce. Herein, the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of decoction, infusion and hydroalcoholic extract, as also their phenolic compounds, were evaluated and compared. Decoction showed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds (either phenolic acids or flavonoids), followed by infusion and hydroalcoholic extract. In general, the samples were effective against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus aerogenes, Proteus vulgaris and Enterobacter sakazakii) bacteria, with decoction presenting the most pronounced effect. This sample also displayed the highest radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Data obtained support the idea that compounds with strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities are also water-soluble. Furthermore, the use of thyme infusion and decoction, by both internal and external use, at recommended doses, is safe and no adverse reactions have been described.The authors are grateful to Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT, Portugal) for N. Martins grant (SFRH/BD/87658/2012), L. Barros researcher contract under “Programa Compromisso com Ciência – 2008” and financial support to the research center CIMO (strategic project PEst-OE/AGR/UI0690/2011)
Telomerase Is Essential for Zebraﬁsh Heart Regeneration

After myocardial infarction in humans, lost cardiomyocytes are replaced by an irreversible fibrotic scar. In contrast, zebrafish hearts efficiently regenerate after injury. Complete regeneration of the zebrafish heart is driven by the strong proliferation response of its cardiomyocytes to injury. Here we show that, after cardiac injury in zebrafish, telomerase becomes hyperactivated, and telomeres elongate transiently, preceding a peak of cardiomyocyte proliferation and full organ recovery. Using a telomerase-mutant zebrafish model, we found that telomerase loss drastically decreases cardiomyocyte proliferation and fibrotic tissue regression after cryoinjury and that cardiac function does not recover. The impaired cardiomyocyte proliferation response is accompanied by the absence of cardiomyocytes with long telomeres and an increased proportion of cardiomyocytes showing DNA damage and senescence characteristics. These findings demonstrate the importance of telomerase function in heart regeneration and highlight the potential of telomerase therapy as a means of stimulating cell proliferation upon myocardial infarction
A Transcriptomic Signature of the Hypothalamic Response to Fasting and BDNF Deficiency in Prader-Willi Syndrome

Transcriptional analysis of brain tissue from people with molecularly defined causes of obesity may highlight disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets. We performed RNA sequencing of hypothalamus from individuals with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), a genetic obesity syndrome characterized by severe hyperphagia. We found that upregulated genes overlap with the transcriptome of mouse Agrp neurons that signal hunger, while downregulated genes overlap with the expression profile of Pomc neurons activated by feeding. Downregulated genes are expressed mainly in neuronal cells and contribute to neurogenesis, neurotransmitter release, and synaptic plasticity, while upregulated, predominantly microglial genes are involved in inflammatory responses. This transcriptional signature may be mediated by reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression. Additionally, we implicate disruption of alternative splicing as a potential molecular mechanism underlying neuronal dysfunction in PWS. Transcriptomic analysis of the human hypothalamus may identify neural mechanisms involved in energy homeostasis and potential therapeutic targets for weight loss. Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a genetic obesity syndrome. Bochukova et al. report gene expression changes in the hypothalamus of people with PWS that support neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation as key processes involved in this condition