pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Transforms for minimal surfaces in the 5-sphere.

We define two transforms between minimal surfaces with non-circular ellipse of curvature in the 5-sphere, and show how this enables us to construct, from one such surface, a sequence of such surfaces. We also use the transforms to show how to associate to such a surface a corresponding ruled minimal Lagrangian submanifold of complex projective 3-space, which gives the converse of a construction considered in a previous paper, and illustrate this explicitly in the case of bipolar minimal surfaces
The Zee-Babu model revisited in the light of new data

We update previous analyses of the Zee-Babu model in the light of new data, e.g., the mixing angle On, the rare decay μ-> e gamma and the LHC results. We also analyze the possibility of accommodating the deviations in Gamma (H -> gamma gamma) hinted by the LHC experiments, and the stability of the scalar potential. We find that neutrino oscillation data and low energy constraints are still compatible with masses of the extra charged scalars accessible to LHC. Moreover, if any of them is discovered, the model can be falsified by combining the information on the singly and doubly charged scalar decay modes with neutrino data. Conversely, if the neutrino spectrum is found to be inverted and the CP phase delta is quite different from pi, the masses of the charged scalars will be well outside the LHC reach
Four species neutrino oscillations at nu-Factory: sensitivity and CP-violation

The prospects of measuring the leptonic angles and CP-odd phases at a neutrino factory are discussed in the scenario of three active plus one sterile neutrino. We consider the νμ→νe LSND signal. Its associated large mass difference leads to observable neutrino oscillations at short baseline experiments. Sensitivities to the leptonic angles down to 10−3 can be easily achieved with a 1 t detector. Longer baseline experiments with a 1 kt detector can provide very clean tests of CP-violation especially through tau lepton detection
External Bremsstrahlung of Pm-147 in PbCl2 and CdO

External Bremsstrahlung spectra produced in thick target compounds like lead chloride (PbCl2) and cadmium oxide (CdO) by β particles of 147Pm (225 keV) were measured using 3.8 cm×3.8 cm NaI(Tl) crystal. The spectra were unfolded using Liden–Starfelt procedure. The unfolded spectra were compared with Tseng–Pratt theory. The measured spectra show fairly good agreement at low energy end of spectrum and some deviation (less than 10%) at higher energy end of spectrum with the theory. The estimation of Bremsstrahlung dose from the measured/theoretical spectrum is also discussed
Modelling and forecasting daily electricity load curves: a hybrid
  approach

We propose a hybrid approach for the modelling and the short-term forecasting
of electricity loads. Two building blocks of our approach are (i) modelling the
overall trend and seasonality by fitting a generalised additive model to the
weekly averages of the load, and (ii) modelling the dependence structure across
consecutive daily loads via curve linear regression. For the latter, a new
methodology is proposed for linear regression with both curve response and
curve regressors. The key idea behind the proposed methodology is the dimension
reduction based on a singular value decomposition in a Hilbert space, which
reduces the curve regression problem to several ordinary (i.e. scalar) linear
regression problems. We illustrate the hybrid method using the French
electricity loads between 1996 and 2009, on which we also compare our method
with other available models including the EDF operational model
Dynamic mineral clouds on HD 189733b II. Monte Carlo radiative transfer
  for 3D cloudy exoplanet atmospheres: combining scattering and emission
  spectra

As the 3D spatial properties of exoplanet atmospheres are being observed in
increasing detail by current and new generations of telescopes, the modelling
of the 3D scattering effects of cloud forming atmospheres with inhomogeneous
opacity structures becomes increasingly important to interpret observational
data. We model the scattering and emission properties of a simulated cloud
forming, inhomogeneous opacity, hot Jupiter atmosphere of HD 189733b. We
compare our results to available HST and Spitzer data and quantify the effects
of 3D multiple-scattering on observable properties of the atmosphere. We
discuss potential observational properties of HD 189733b for the upcoming TESS
and CHEOPS missions. We develop a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code and apply
it to post-process output of our 3D radiative-hydrodynamic, cloud formation
simulation of HD 189733b. We employ three variance reduction techniques; next
event estimation, survival biasing and composite emission biasing to improve
signal-to-noise of the output.For cloud particle scattering events, a
log-normal area distribution is constructed from the 3D cloud formation RHD
results and stochastically sampled in order to model the Rayleigh and Mie
scattering behaviour of a mixture of grain sizes. Stellar photon packets
incident on the eastern dayside hemisphere show predominantly Rayleigh,
single-scattering behaviour, while multiple-scattering occurs on the western
hemisphere. Combined scattered and thermal emitted light predictions are
consistent with published HST and Spitzer secondary transit observations. Our
model predictions are also consistent with geometric albedo constraints from
optical wavelength ground based polarimetry and HST B-band measurements. We
predict an apparent geometric albedo for HD 189733b of 0.205 and 0.229, in the
TESS and CHEOPS photometric bands respectively.Comment: 17 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables. Accepted to A&
The SHARDDS survey: First resolved image of the HD 114082 debris disk in the Lower Centaurus Crux with SPHERE

We present the first resolved image of the debris disk around the 16 ± 8 Myr old star, HD 114082. The observation was made in the H-band using the SPHERE instrument. The star is at a distance of 92 ± 6 pc in the Lower Centaurus Crux association. Using a Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis, we determined that the debris is likely in the form of a dust ring with an inner edge of 27.7[SUP]+2.8[/SUP][SUB]-3.5[/SUB] au, position angle -74.3°[SUP]+0.5[/SUP][SUB]-1.5[/SUB], and an inclination with respect to the line of sight of 6.7°[SUP]+3.8[/SUP][SUB]-0.4[/SUB]. The disk imaged in scattered light has a surface density that is declining with radius of  r[SUP]-4[/SUP], which is steeper than expected for grain blowout by radiation pressure. We find only marginal evidence (2σ) of eccentricity and rule out planets more massive than 1.0 M[SUB]Jup[/SUB] orbiting within 1 au of the inner edge of the ring, since such a planet would have disrupted the disk. The disk has roughly the same fractional disk luminosity (L[SUB]disk[/SUB]/L[SUB]∗[/SUB] = 3.3 × 10[SUP]-3[/SUP]) as HR 4796 A and β Pictoris, however it was not detected by previous instrument facilities most likely because of its small angular size (radius  0.4''), low albedo ( 0.2), and low scattering efficiency far from the star due to high scattering anisotropy. With the arrival of extreme adaptive optics systems, such as SPHERE and GPI, the morphology of smaller, fainter, and more distant debris disks are being revealed, providing clues to planet-disk interactions in young protoplanetary systems. The reduced images are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr</A> (<A href="http://130.79.128.5">http://130.79.128.5</A>) or via <A href="http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/596/L4">http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/qcat?J/A+A/596/L4</A>Peer reviewe
Amplitudes and correlators to ten loops using simple, graphical bootstraps.

We introduce two new graphical-level relations among possible contributions to the four-point correlation function and scattering amplitude in planar, maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. When combined with the rung rule, these prove powerful enough to fully determine both functions through ten loops. This then also yields the full five-point amplitude to eight loops and the parity-even part to nine loops. We derive these rules, illustrate their applications, compare their relative strengths for fixing coefficients, and survey some of the features of the previously unknown nine and ten loop expressions. Explicit formulae for amplitudes and correlators through ten loops are available at: http://goo.gl/JH0yE
Insights into the influence of solvent polarity on the crystallization of poly(ethylene oxide) spin-coated thin films via in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering

Controlling polymer thin-film morphology and crystallinity is crucial for a wide range of applications, particularly in thin-film organic electronic devices. In this work, the crystallization behavior of a model polymer, poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), during spin-coating is studied. PEO films were spun-cast from solvents possessing different polarities (chloroform, THF, and methanol) and probed via in situ grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering. The crystallization behavior was found to follow the solvent polarity order (where chloroform <THF <methanol) rather than the solubility order (where THF > chloroform > methanol). When spun-cast from nonpolar chloroform, crystallization largely followed Avrami kinetics, resulting in the formation of morphologies comprising large spherulites. PEO solutions cast from more polar solvents (THF and methanol) do not form well-defined highly crystalline morphologies and are largely amorphous with the presence of small crystalline regions. The difference in morphological development of PEO spun-cast from polar solvents is attributed to clustering phenomena that inhibit polymer crystallization. This work highlights the importance of considering individual components of polymer solubility, rather than simple total solubility, when designing processing routes for the generation of morphologies with optimum crystallinities or morphologies
Cortical thickness, surface area, and folding alterations in male youths with conduct disorder and varying levels of callous-unemotional traits

PURPOSE: Previous studies have reported changes in gray matter volume in youths with conduct disorder (CD), although these differences are difficult to interpret as they may have been driven by alterations in cortical thickness, surface area (SA), or folding. The objective of this study was to use surface-based morphometry (SBM) methods to compare male youths with CD and age and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) in cortical thickness, SA, and folding. We also tested for structural differences between the childhood-onset and adolescence-onset subtypes of CD and performed regression analyses to assess for relationships between CD symptoms and callous-unemotional (CU) traits and SBM-derived measures. METHODS: We acquired structural neuroimaging data from 20 HCs and 36 CD participants (18 with childhood-onset CD and 18 with adolescence-onset CD) and analyzed the data using FreeSurfer. RESULTS: Relative to HCs, youths with CD showed reduced cortical thickness in the superior temporal gyrus, reduced SA in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and increased cortical folding in the insula. There were no significant differences between the childhood-onset and adolescence-onset CD subgroups in cortical thickness or SA, but several frontal and temporal regions showed increased cortical folding in childhood-onset relative to adolescence-onset CD participants. Both CD subgroups also showed increased cortical folding relative to HCs. CD symptoms were negatively correlated with OFC SA whereas CU traits were positively correlated with insula folding. CONCLUSIONS: Cortical thinning in the superior temporal gyrus may contribute to the social cognitive impairments displayed by youths with CD, whereas reduced OFC SA may lead to impairments in emotion regulation and reward processing in youths with CD. The increased cortical folding observed in the insula may reflect a maturational delay in this region and could mediate the link between CU traits and empathy deficits. Altered cortical folding was observed in childhood-onset and adolescence-onset forms of CD
Transformability as a factor of sustainability in post-earthquake houses in Iran : the case study of Lar City

Housing design and construction for post-earthquake victims need consideration of the victims' socio-cultural needs. Due to the particular economic conditions in Iran, hurriedly made post-earthquake emergency shelters often fail in complying with the minimum needs of the occupants. Consequently, such shelters are often either abandoned or transformed substantially, resulting in an overwhelming waste of resources. This paper aims to investigate the transformation process of post-earthquake houses, with attention to the architectural characteristics of the transformations and people's motivational factors for these transformations. The methods used include systematic observations and map analysis of the transformations of post-earthquake houses over a 37 years period (1970-2007) and interviews with the households. Relying upon analysis of the problems of the current post-earthquake houses in Iran, the results recommended that the design for these houses should address: transformability into pre-earthquake patterns and lifestyles, adaptability to new parts/construction besides original dwelling, and capability to reflect different requirement for indoor spatial circulations. The findings therefore proposed the use of mixed 'Temporary-Permanent' housing reconstruction models which involve participation of stakeholders and end users from very early stages of design and developments in order to predict and address the latter transformations issues. This study contributes to both research and practice by proposing new design approaches and guidelines regarding post-earthquake housing reconstruction in Iran
Cumulative disadvantage, employment–marriage, and health inequalities among American and British mothers

AbstractThis paper illuminates processes of cumulative disadvantage and the generation of health inequalities among mothers. It asks whether adverse circumstances early in the life course cumulate as health-harming biographical patterns across the prime working and family caregiving years. It also explores whether broader institutional contexts may moderate the cumulative effects of micro-level processes. An analysis of data from the British National Child Development Study and the US National Longitudinal Survey of Youth reveals several expected social inequalities in health. In addition, the study uncovers new evidence of cumulative disadvantage: Adversities in early life selected women into long-term employment and marriage biographies that then intensified existing health disparities in mid-life. The analysis also shows that this accumulation of disadvantage was more prominent in the US than in Britain
Good edge-labelling of graphs

AbstractA good edge-labelling of a graph G is a labelling of its edges such that, for any ordered pair of vertices (x,y), there do not exist two paths from x to y with increasing labels. This notion was introduced by Bermond et al. (2009) [2] to solve wavelength assignment problems for specific categories of graphs. In this paper, we aim at characterizing the class of graphs that admit a good edge-labelling. First, we exhibit infinite families of graphs for which no such edge-labelling can be found. We then show that deciding whether a graph G admits a good edge-labelling is NP-complete, even if G is bipartite. Finally, we give large classes of graphs admitting a good edge-labelling: C3-free outerplanar graphs, planar graphs of girth at least 6, {C3,K2,3}-free subcubic graphs and {C3,K2,3}-free ABC-graphs
Supersymmetric dark matter—how light can the LSP be?

AbstractUsing a very minimal set of theoretical assumptions we derive a lower limit on the LSP mass in the MSSM. We only require that the LSP be the lightest neutralino, that it be responsible for the observed relic density and that the MSSM spectrum respect the LEP2 limits. We explicitly do not require any further knowledge about the MSSM spectrum or the mechanism of supersymmetry breaking. Under these assumptions we determine a firm lower limit on the neutralino LSP mass of 18 GeV. We estimate the effect of improved limits on the cold dark matter relic density as well as the effects of improved LEP2-type limits from a first stage of TESLA on the allowed range of neutralino LSP masses
Generalised CP and trimaximal TM1 lepton mixing in S4 family symmetry

AbstractWe construct two flavor models based on S4 family symmetry and generalised CP symmetry. In both models, the S4 family symmetry is broken down to the Z2SU subgroup in the neutrino sector, as a consequence, the trimaximal TM1 lepton mixing is produced. Depending on the free parameters in the flavon potential, the Dirac CP is predicted to be either conserved or maximally broken, and the Majorana CP phases are trivial. The two models differ in the neutrino sector. The flavon fields are involved in the Dirac mass terms at leading order in the first model, and the neutrino mass matrix contains three real parameters such that the absolute neutrino masses are fixed. Nevertheless, the flavon fields enter into the Majorana mass terms at leading order in the second model. The leading order lepton mixing is of the tri-bimaximal form which is broken down to TM1 by the next to leading order contributions
Developmentally Regulated Glycosylation of the CD8αβ Coreceptor Stalk Modulates Ligand Binding

AbstractThe functional consequences of glycan structural changes associated with cellular differentiation are ill defined. Herein, we investigate the role of glycan adducts to the O-glycosylated polypeptide stalk tethering the CD8αβ coreceptor to the thymocyte surface. We show that immature CD4+CD8+ double-positive thymocytes bind MHCI tetramers more avidly than mature CD8 single-positive thymocytes, and that this differential binding is governed by developmentally programmed O-glycan modification controlled by the ST3Gal-I sialyltransferase. ST3Gal-I induction and attendant core 1 sialic acid addition to CD8β on mature thymocytes decreases CD8αβ-MHCI avidity by altering CD8αβ domain-domain association and/or orientation. Hence, glycans on the CD8β stalk appear to modulate the ability of the distal binding surface of the dimeric CD8 globular head domains to clamp MHCI
Study of Z boson production in pPb collisions at sNN=5.02TeV

AbstractThe production of Z bosons in pPb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV is studied by the CMS experiment via the electron and muon decay channels. The inclusive cross section is compared to pp collision predictions, and found to scale with the number of elementary nucleon–nucleon collisions. The differential cross sections as a function of the Z boson rapidity and transverse momentum are measured. Though they are found to be consistent within uncertainty with theoretical predictions both with and without nuclear effects, the forward–backward asymmetry suggests the presence of nuclear effects at large rapidities. These results provide new data for constraining nuclear parton distribution functions
QCD θ-vacua from the chiral limit to the quenched limit

AbstractWe investigate the dependence of the QCD vacuum structure on the θ-angle and quark mass, using the Di-Vecchia–Veneziano model. Although the Di-Vecchia–Veneziano model is a chiral effective model, it contains the topological properties of the pure Yang–Mills theory. It is shown that within this model, the ground state energies for all θ are continuous functions of quark mass from the chiral limit to the quenched limit, even including the first order phase transition at θ=π. Based on this effective model, we discuss (i) how the ground state depends on quark mass, and (ii) why the phase transition at θ=π is present in both the chiral and the quenched limit. In order to analyze the relation between quark mass and the θ-vacua, we calculate the chiral condensate as a function of quark mass. Also, considering the presence of the innate metastable states included in the QCD θ-vacuum, we also give a unified understanding of the phase transitions at θ=π in the chiral and quenched limit
Dichotomies for classes of homomorphism problems involving unary functions

AbstractWe study non-uniform constraint satisfaction problems where the underlying signature contains constant and function symbols as well as relation symbols. Amongst our results are the following. We establish a dichotomy result for the class of non-uniform constraint satisfaction problems over the signature consisting of one unary function symbol by showing that every such problem is either complete for L, via very restricted logical reductions, or trivial (depending upon whether the template function has a fixed point or not). We show that the class of non-uniform constraint satisfaction problems whose templates are structures over the signature λ2 consisting of two unary function symbols reflects the full computational significance of the class of non-uniform constraint satisfaction problems over relational structures. We prove a dichotomy result for the class of non-uniform constraint satisfaction problems where the template is a λ2-structure with the property that the two unary functions involved are the reverse of one another, in that every such problem is either solvable in polynomial-time or NP-complete. Finally, we extend some of our results to the situation where instances of non-uniform constraint satisfaction problems come equipped with lists of elements of the template structure which restrict the set of allowable homomorphisms
Psychophysiology, task complexity, and team factors determine emergency response teams’ shared beliefs

AbstractIn field settings where the objective truth is not known, the extent to which you have the same understanding of the situation as your team leader may be used as an indicator for a team’s situation awareness. Two experiments showed emergency response team members’ degree of shared beliefs (measured as a ‘similarity index’) to be associated with which team they are in, but not with which position they have in the team. This indicates that factors specific to the teams, e.g. the leader’s behavior, the team’s shared experience, or communication patterns, are important for a team’s situation awareness. In the second experiment, task complexity was manipulated with a scripted scenario design and heart rate variability was measured as an indicator of executive function. Shared beliefs were shown to be associated with the degree of high frequency modulation of heart rate variability. Further, shared beliefs were associated with the designed task complexity for some teams. The experiments showed no association between the measure of shared beliefs and subjective reports of situation awareness
Central charges, S-duality and massive vacua of N=1∗ super-Yang–Mills

AbstractWe provide a simple derivation of the extremal values of the superpotential in massive vacua of N=1∗ SYM, making use of the required modular weight for the central charge of BPS walls interpolating between these vacua. This modular weight descends from the action of S-duality on the N=4 superalgebra which in turn is inherited from its classical action on the dyon spectrum. We show that this kinematic information, combined with minimal knowledge of the weak coupling asymptotics, is sufficient to determine the exact vacuum superpotentials in terms of Eisenstein series