pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of bacterial interference with TLR4 signaling by Brucella TIR-domain-containing protein TcpB

Upon activation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytoplasmic Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains of the receptors undergo homo- or hetero-dimerization. This in turn leads to the recruitment of adaptor proteins, activation of transcription factors, and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies have described the TIR-domain-containing protein from Brucella melitensis, TcpB (BtpA/Btp1), to be involved in virulence and suppression of host innate immune responses. TcpB interferes with TLR4 and TLR2 signaling pathways by a mechanism that remains controversial. In this study, we show using co-immunoprecipitation analyses that TcpB interacts with MAL, MyD88, and TLR4, but interferes only with the MAL:TLR4 interaction. We present the crystal structure of the TcpB TIR domain, which reveals significant structural differences in the loop regions compared to other TIR domain structures. We demonstrate that TcpB forms a dimer in solution, and the crystal structure reveals the dimerization interface, which we validate by mutagenesis and biophysical studies. Our study advances the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of host immunosuppression by bacterial pathogens
Observations of B0s→ψ(2S)η and B0(s)→ψ(2S)π+π− decays

First observations of the B0s→ψ(2S)η, B0→ψ(2S)π+π− and B0s→ψ(2S)π+π− decays are made using a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.0fb−1 collected by the LHCb experiment in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of s√=7TeV. The ratios of the branching fractions of each of the ψ(2S) modes with respect to the corresponding J/ψ decays are\ud
B(B0s→ψ(2S)η)B(B0s→J/ψη) =0.83±0.14(stat)±0.12(syst)±0.02(B),\ud
B(B0→ψ(2S)π+π−)B(B0→J/ψπ+π−) =0.56±0.07(stat)±0.05(syst)±0.01(B), \ud
B(B0s→ψ(2S)π+π−)B(B0s→J/ψπ+π−)=0.34±0.04(stat)±0.03(syst)±0.01(B), \ud
where the third uncertainty corresponds to the uncertainties of the dilepton branching fractions of the J/ψ and ψ(2S) meson decays
Transiting exoplanets from the CoRoT space mission VIII. CoRoT-7b: the
  first Super-Earth with measured radius

We report the discovery of very shallow (DF/F = 3.4 10-4), periodic dips in
the light curve of an active V = 11.7 G9V star observed by the CoRoT satellite,
which we interpret as due to the presence of a transiting companion. We
describe the 3-colour CoRoT data and complementary ground-based observations
that support the planetary nature of the companion. Methods. We use CoRoT color
information, good angular resolution ground-based photometric observations in-
and out- of transit, adaptive optics imaging, near-infrared spectroscopy and
preliminary results from Radial Velocity measurements, to test the diluted
eclipsing binary scenarios. The parameters of the host star are derived from
optical spectra, which were then combined with the CoRoT light curve to derive
parameters of the companion. We examine carefully all conceivable cases of
false positives, and all tests performed support the planetary hypothesis.
Blends with separation larger than 0.40 arcsec or triple systems are almost
excluded with a 8 10-4 risk left. We conclude that, as far as we have been
exhaustive, we have discovered a planetary companion, named CoRoT-7b, for which
we derive a period of 0.853 59 +/- 3 10-5 day and a radius of Rp = 1.68 +/-
0.09 REarth. Analysis of preliminary radial velocity data yields an upper limit
of 21 MEarth for the companion mass, supporting the finding.
  CoRoT-7b is very likely the first Super-Earth with a measured radius.Comment: Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics; typos and language
  corrections; version sent to the printer w few upgrade
Transverse spin asymmetries for W-production in proton-proton collisions

We study parity-even and parity-odd polarization observables for the process
$p \, p \to l^{\pm} \, X$, where the lepton comes from the decay of a
$W$-boson. By using the collinear twist-3 factorization approach, we consider
the case when one proton is transversely polarized, while the other is either
unpolarized or longitudinally polarized. These observables give access to two
particular quark-gluon-quark correlation functions, which have a direct
relation to transverse momentum dependent parton distributions. We present
numerical estimates for RHIC kinematics. Measuring, for instance, the
parity-even transverse single spin correlation would provide a crucial test of
our current understanding of single spin asymmetries in the framework of QCD.Comment: 10 page
The Tensor Hierarchies of Pure N=2,d=4,5,6 Supergravities

We study the supersymmetric tensor hierarchy of pure (gauged) N=2,d=4,5,6
supergravity and compare them with those of the pure, ungauged, theories
(worked out by Gomis and Roest for d=5) and the predictions of the Kac-Moody
approach made by Kleinschmidt and Roest. We find complete agreement in the
ungauged case but we also find that, after gauging, new Stueckelberg symmetries
reduce the number of independent "physical" top-forms. The analysis has to be
performed to all orders in fermion fields.
  We discuss the construction of the worldvolume effective actions for the
p-branes which are charged with respect to the (p+1)-form potentials and the
relations between the tensor hierarchies and p-branes upon dimensional
reduction.Comment: LaTeX2e file, 20 pages, 1 figure Results refined by extension of the
  analysis to all orders in fermion
Double-Lepton Polarization Asymmetries and Branching Ratio in $B \rar
  K_{0}^{*}(1430) l^+ l^- $ transition from Universal Extra Dimension Model

We investigate the $B \rar K_{0}^{*}(1430) l^+ l^- $ transition in the
Applequist-Cheng-Dobrescu model in the presence of a universal extra dimension.
In particular, we calculate double lepton polarization asymmetries and
branching ratio related to this channel and compare the obtained results with
the predictions of the standard model. Our analysis of the considered
observables in terms of radius $R$ of the compactified extra-dimension as the
new parameter of the model show a considerable discrepancy between the
predictions of two models in low $\frac{1}{R}$ values.Comment: 12 Pages, 15 Figures and 1 Tabl
Generation of electric currents in the chromosphere via neutral-ion drag

We consider the generation of electric currents in the solar chromosphere
where the ionization level is typically low. We show that ambient electrons
become magnetized even for weak magnetic fields (30 G); that is, their
gyrofrequency becomes larger than the collision frequency while ion motions
continue to be dominated by ion-neutral collisions. Under such conditions, ions
are dragged by neutrals, and the magnetic field acts as if it is frozen-in to
the dynamics of the neutral gas. However, magnetized electrons drift under the
action of the electric and magnetic fields induced in the reference frame of
ions moving with the neutral gas. We find that this relative motion of
electrons and ions results in the generation of quite intense electric
currents. The dissipation of these currents leads to resistive electron heating
and efficient gas ionization. Ionization by electron-neutral impact does not
alter the dynamics of the heavy particles; thus, the gas turbulent motions
continue even when the plasma becomes fully ionized, and resistive dissipation
continues to heat electrons and ions. This heating process is so efficient that
it can result in typical temperature increases with altitude as large as
0.1-0.3 eV/km. We conclude that this process can play a major role in the
heating of the chromosphere and coronaComment: 13 pages, two figure
The Transit Light Curve project. XIV. Confirmation of Anomalous Radii
  for the Exoplanets TrES-4b, HAT-P-3b, and WASP-12b

We present transit photometry of three exoplanets, TrES-4b, HAT-P-3b, and
WASP-12b, allowing for refined estimates of the systems' parameters. TrES-4b
and WASP-12b were confirmed to be "bloated" planets, with radii of 1.706 +/-
0.056 R_Jup and 1.736 +/- 0.092 R_Jup, respectively. These planets are too
large to be explained with standard models of gas giant planets. In contrast,
HAT-P-3b has a radius of 0.827 +/- 0.055 R_Jup, smaller than a pure
hydrogen-helium planet and indicative of a highly metal-enriched composition.
Analyses of the transit timings revealed no significant departures from strict
periodicity. For TrES-4, our relatively recent observations allow for
improvement in the orbital ephemerides, which is useful for planning future
observations.Comment: AJ, in press [11 pages]; corrected error in distance to WASP-1
Electron-Phonon Interactions in Polyacene Organic Transistors

We present a simple model for the electron-phonon interactions between the
energy subbands in polyacene field-effect transistors and the vibrations of the
crystal. We introduce a generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model, arguing that
the strongest electron-phonon interactions in these systems originate from the
dependence of inter-molecule hopping amplitudes on collective molecular motion.
We compute the electron-phonon spectral function $\alpha^2F(\omega)$ as a
function of two-dimensional hole density and the coupling strength constant.
Our results are in agreement with the sharp onset of superconductivity near
half-filling discovered in recent experiments by Sch\"on {\it et al.} [Batlogg]
and predict an increase of $T_c$ with pressure. We further speculate on the
implications that the observation of the quantum Hall effect in these systems
has on the effective band mass in the low carrier density regime.Comment: 3 pages, 1 figure, paper for PASI conference, Costa Rica 200
Optical spectra measured on cleaved surfaces of double-exchange
  ferromagnet La1-xSrxMnO3

Optical reflectivity spectra were measured on cleaved surfaces of
La1-xSrxMnO3 single crystals (x=0.175, T_C=283 K) over a temperature range
10-295 K. The optical conductivity $sigma(\omega)$ shows, keeping
single-component nature, incoherent-to-coherent crossover with increase of
electrical conductivity. The $\sigma(\omega)$ spectrum of low-temperature
ferromagnetic-metallic phase (10 K) exhibits a pronounced Drude-like component
with large spectral weight, contrary to the previous result. The present result
indicates that the optical spectrum of the manganites is sensitive to condition
of sample surfaces.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physica Status Soloidi (b)
  (proceedings of ICSSS'99
Anisotropic relativistic stellar models

We present a class of exact solutions of Einstein's gravitational field
equations describing spherically symmetric and static anisotropic stellar type
configurations. The solutions are obtained by assuming a particular form of the
anisotropy factor. The energy density and both radial and tangential pressures
are finite and positive inside the anisotropic star. Numerical results show
that the basic physical parameters (mass and radius) of the model can describe
realistic astrophysical objects like neutron stars.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
A Note on Particles and Scalar Fields in Higher Dimensional Nutty
  Spacetimes

In this note, we study the integrability of geodesic flow in the background
of a very general class of spacetimes with NUT-charge(s) in higher dimensions.
This broad set encompasses multiply NUT-charged solutions, electrically and
magnetically charged solutions, solutions with a cosmological constant, and
time dependant bubble-like solutions. We also derive first-order equations of
motion for particles in these backgrounds. Separability turns out to be
possible due to the existence of non-trivial irreducible Killing tensors.
Finally, we also examine the Klein-Gordon equation for a scalar field in these
spacetimes and demonstrate complete separability.Comment: Accepted for Publication in Phys. Lett. B., 11 Page
Has the E791 experiment measured the pion wave function profile ?

The cross section of hard diffractive dissociation of the pion into two jets
is calculated. It is obtained that the distribution of longitudinal momenta for
jets is not simply proportional to the profile of the pion wave function, but
depends on it in a complicated way.
  In particular, it is shown that, under the conditions of the E791 experiment,
the momentum distribution of jets is similar in its shape for the asymptotic
and CZ wave functions, and even the ratio of the differential cross sections is
not far from unity.Comment: additional explanations inserted, the overall normalization correcte
Improved Light-Cone Sum Rules for the Electromagnetic Form Factors of
  the Nucleon

We calculate the electromagnetic form factors of the nucleon within the
light-cone sum rule approach. In comparison to previous work (hep-ph/0112085)
we suggest to use a pure isospin-1/2 interpolating field for the nucleon, since
the Chernyak-Zhitnitsky current leads to numerically large, unphysical, isospin
violating contributions. The leading-order sum rules are derived for the form
factors and the results are confronted with the experimental data. Our approach
tends to favor the nucleon distribution amplitudes that are not far from the
asymptotic shape.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figure
Classical W-algebras and generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchies for
  minimal and short nilpotents

We derive explicit formulas for lambda-brackets of the affine classical
W-algebras attached to the minimal and short nilpotent elements of any simple
Lie algebra g. This is used to compute explicitly the first non-trivial PDE of
the corresponding intgerable generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchies. It turns
out that a reduction of the equation corresponding to a short nilpotent is
Svinolupov's equation attached to a simple Jordan algebra, while a reduction of
the equation corresponding to a minimal nilpotent is an integrable Hamiltonian
equation on 2h-3 functions, where h is the dual Coxeter number of g. In the
case when g is sl_2 both these equations coincide with the KdV equation. In the
case when g is not of type C_n, we associate to the minimal nilpotent element
of g yet another generalized Drinfeld-Sokolov hierarchy.Comment: 46 pages. Corrected an error in Section 6.2 which has led to
  additional equations in the case of g=sl_n and its minimal nilpotent element
Topological strings and 5d T_N partition functions

We evaluate the Nekrasov partition function of 5d gauge theories engineered
by webs of 5-branes, using the refined topological vertex on the dual
Calabi-Yau threefolds. The theories include certain non-Lagrangian theories
such as the T_N theory. The refined topological vertex computation generically
contains contributions from decoupled M2-branes which are not charged under the
5d gauge symmetry engineered. We argue that, after eliminating them, the
refined topological string partition function agrees with the 5d Nekrasov
partition function. We explicitly check this for the T_3 theory as well as
Sp(1) gauge theories with N_f = 2, 3, 4 flavors. In particular, our method
leads to a new expression of the Sp(1) Nekrasov partition functions without any
contour integrals. We also develop prescriptions to calculate the partition
functions of theories obtained by Higgsing the T_N theory. We compute the
partition function of the E_7 theory via this prescription, and find the E_7
global symmetry enhancement. We finally discuss a potential application of the
refined topological vertex to non-toric web diagrams.Comment: 79 pages, 27 figures; v2: minor improvements, references adde
Spherically symmetric static solutions in a non-local infrared
  modification of General Relativity

We discuss static spherically symmetric solutions in a recently proposed
non-local infrared modification of Einstein equations induced by a term
$m^2g_{\mu\nu}\Box^{-1} R$, where $m$ is a mass scale. We find that, contrary
to what happens in usual theories of massive gravity, in this non-local theory
there is no vDVZ discontinuity and classical non-linearities do not become
large below a Vainshtein radius parametrically larger than the Schwarzschild
radius $r_S$. Rather on the contrary, in the regime $r\ll m^{-1}$ the
corrections to the metric generated by a static body in GR are of the form
$1+{\cal O}(m^2r^2)$ and become smaller and smaller toward smaller values of
$r$. The modification to the GR solutions only show up at $r > m^{-1}$. For
$m={\cal O}(H_0)$, as required for having interesting cosmological
consequences, the non-local theory therefore recovers all successes of GR at
the solar system and lab scales.Comment: 29 pages, 5 figures. v2: expanded discussion of conceptual aspects.
  The version to appear in JHE
CHARA/MIRC observations of two M supergiants in Perseus OB1:
  temperature, Bayesian modeling, and compressed sensing imaging

Two red supergiants of the Per OB1 association, RS Per and T Per, have been
observed in H band using the MIRC instrument at the CHARA array. The data show
clear evidence of departure from circular symmetry. We present here new
techniques specially developed to analyze such cases, based on state-of-the-art
statistical frameworks. The stellar surfaces are first modeled as limb-darkened
discs based on SATLAS models that fit both MIRC interferometric data and
publicly available spectrophotometric data. Bayesian model selection is then
used to determine the most probable number of spots. The effective surface
temperatures are also determined and give further support to the recently
derived hotter temperature scales of red su- pergiants. The stellar surfaces
are reconstructed by our model-independent imaging code SQUEEZE, making use of
its novel regularizer based on Compressed Sensing theory. We find excellent
agreement between the model-selection results and the reconstructions. Our
results provide evidence for the presence of near-infrared spots representing
about 3-5% of the stellar flux
Supersymmetric $U(N)$ Chern-Simons-matter theory and phase transitions

We study ${\mathcal{N}}=2$ supersymmetric $U(N)$ Chern-Simons with $N_{f}$
fundamental and $N_{f}$ antifundamental chiral multiplets of mass $m$ in the
complete parameter space spanned by $(g,\,m,\,N,\,N_{f})$, where $g$ denotes
the coupling constant. In particular, we analyze the matrix model description
of its partition function, both at finite $N$ using the method of orthogonal
polynomials together with Mordell integrals and, at large $N$ with fixed $g$,
using the theory of Toeplitz determinants. We show for the massless case that
there is an explicit realization of the Giveon-Kutasov duality. For finite $N$,
with $N>N_{f}$, three regimes that exactly correspond to the known three large
$N$ phases of theory are identified and characterized.Comment: 28 pages, v3: Minor modification to match published versio
Properties of scalar--isoscalar mesons from multichannel interaction
  analysis below 1800 MeV

Scalar-isoscalar mesons are studied using an unitary model in three channels:
pi-pi, K-anti K and an effective 2pi-2pi.
  All the solutions, fitted to the pi-pi and K-anti K data, exhibit a wide
f0(500), a narrow f0(980) and two relatively narrow resonances, lying on
different sheets between 1300 MeV and 1500 MeV.
  These latter states are similar to the f0(1370) and f0(1500) seen in
experiments at CERN. Branching ratios are compared with available data. We have
started investigations of some crossing symmetry and chiral constraints imposed
near the pi-pi threshold on the scalar-isoscalar, scalar-isotensor and P-wave
pi-pi amplitudes.Comment: Talk given at XVth Particles and Nuclei Int. Conf. (PANIC99),
  Uppsala, Sweden, June 10-16, 1999; 4 pages, 3 figures, file espcrc1.sty
  include
Separability and Killing Tensors in Kerr-Taub-NUT-de Sitter Metrics in
  Higher Dimensions

A generalisation of the four-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter metrics to include a
NUT charge is well known, and is included within a class of metrics obtained by
Plebanski. In this paper, we study a related class of Kerr-Taub-NUT-de Sitter
metrics in arbitrary dimensions D \ge 6, which contain three non-trivial
continuous parameters, namely the mass, the NUT charge, and a (single) angular
momentum. We demonstrate the separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi and wave
equations, we construct a closely-related rank-2 Staeckel-Killing tensor, and
we show how the metrics can be written in a double Kerr-Schild form. Our
results encompass the case of the Kerr-de Sitter metrics in arbitrary
dimension, with all but one rotation parameter vanishing. Finally, we consider
the real Euclidean-signature continuations of the metrics, and show how in a
limit they give rise to certain recently-obtained complete non-singular compact
Einstein manifolds.Comment: Author added, title changed, references added, focus of paper changed
  to Killing tensors and separability. Latex, 13 page
Exact 1/4 BPS Loop - Chiral Primary Correlator

Correlation functions of 1/4 BPS Wilson loops with the infinite family of 1/2
BPS chiral primary operators are computed in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills
theory by summing planar ladder diagrams. Leading loop corrections to the sum
are shown to vanish. The correlation functions are also computed in the
strong-coupling limit by examining the supergravity dual of the loop-loop
correlator. The strong coupling result is found to agree with the extrapolation
of the planar ladders. The result is related to known correlators of 1/2 BPS
Wilson loops and 1/2 BPS chiral primaries by a simple re-scaling of the
coupling constant, similar to an observation of Drukker, hep-th/0605151, for
the case of the 1/4 BPS loop vacuum expectation value.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, a few minor typos correcte
A New Superconformal Mechanics

In this paper we propose a new supersymmetric extension of conformal
mechanics. The Grassmannian variables that we introduce are the basis of the
forms and of the vector-fields built over the symplectic space of the original
system. Our supersymmetric Hamiltonian itself turns out to have a clear
geometrical meaning being the Lie-derivative of the Hamiltonian flow of
conformal mechanics. Using superfields we derive a constraint which gives the
exact solution of the supersymmetric system in a way analogous to the
constraint in configuration space which solved the original non-supersymmetric
model. Besides the supersymmetric extension of the original Hamiltonian, we
also provide the extension of the other conformal generators present in the
original system. These extensions have also a supersymmetric character being
the square of some Grassmannian charge. We build the whole superalgebra of
these charges and analyze their closure. The representation of the even part of
this superalgebra on the odd part turns out to be integer and not spinorial in
character.Comment: Superfield re-define
Quadruples, admissible elements and Herrmann's endomorphisms

We obtain a connection between admissible elements for quadruples and
Herrmann's endomorphisms. Herrmann constructed perfect elements $s_n$, $t_n$,
$p_{i,n}$ in $D^4$ by means of some endomorphisms and showed that these perfect
elements coincide with the Gelfand-Ponomarev perfect elements modulo linear
equivalence. We show that the admissible elements in $D^4$ are also obtained by
means of Herrmann's endomorphisms $\gamma_{ij}$. Endomorphism $\gamma_{ij}$ and
the elementary map of Gelfand-Ponomarev $\phi_i$ act, in a sense, in opposite
directions, namely the endomorphism $\gamma_{ij}$ adds the index to the start
of the admissible sequence, and the elementary map $\phi_i$ adds the index to
the end of the admissible sequence.Comment: 44 pages, 7 figure
Translationally invariant treatment of pair correlations in nuclei: II.
  Tensor correlations

We study the extension of our translationally invariant treatment of few-body
nuclear systems to include tensor forces and correlations. It is shown that a
direct application of our method is not as successful for realistic V6
interactions as our previous results for V4 potentials suggested. We
investigate the cause in detail for the case of $^4$He, and show that a
combination of our method with that of Jastrow-correlated wave functions seems
to be a lot more powerful, thereby suggesting that for mildly to strongly
repulsive forces such a hybrid procedure may be an appropriate description.Comment: 19 pages, 3 ps figures. uses elsart, graphicx, amssym