pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A Coverage Study of the CMSSM Based on ATLAS Sensitivity Using Fast
  Neural Networks Techniques

We assess the coverage properties of confidence and credible intervals on the
CMSSM parameter space inferred from a Bayesian posterior and the profile
likelihood based on an ATLAS sensitivity study. In order to make those
calculations feasible, we introduce a new method based on neural networks to
approximate the mapping between CMSSM parameters and weak-scale particle
masses. Our method reduces the computational effort needed to sample the CMSSM
parameter space by a factor of ~ 10^4 with respect to conventional techniques.
We find that both the Bayesian posterior and the profile likelihood intervals
can significantly over-cover and identify the origin of this effect to physical
boundaries in the parameter space. Finally, we point out that the effects
intrinsic to the statistical procedure are conflated with simplifications to
the likelihood functions from the experiments themselves.Comment: Further checks about accuracy of neural network approximation, fixed
  typos, added refs. Main results unchanged. Matches version accepted by JHE
Identifying Boosted Objects with N-subjettiness

We introduce a new jet shape -- N-subjettiness -- designed to identify
boosted hadronically-decaying objects like electroweak bosons and top quarks.
Combined with a jet invariant mass cut, N-subjettiness is an effective
discriminating variable for tagging boosted objects and rejecting the
background of QCD jets with large invariant mass. In efficiency studies of
boosted W bosons and top quarks, we find tagging efficiencies of 30% are
achievable with fake rates of 1%. We also consider the discovery potential for
new heavy resonances that decay to pairs of boosted objects, and find
significant improvements are possible using N-subjettiness. In this way,
N-subjettiness combines the advantages of jet shapes with the discriminating
power seen in previous jet substructure algorithms.Comment: 26 pages, 26 figures, 2 tables; v2: references added; v3: discussion
  of results extende
Reducing Constraints in a Higher Dimensional Extension of the Randall
  and Sundrum Model

In order to investigate the phenomenological implications of warped spaces in
more than five dimensions, we consider a $4+1+\delta$ dimensional extension to
the Randall and Sundrum model in which the space is warped with respect to a
single direction by the presence of an anisotropic bulk cosmological constant.
The Einstein equations are solved, giving rise to a range of possible spaces in
which the $\delta$ additional spaces are warped. Here we consider models in
which the gauge fields are free to propagate into such spaces. After carrying
out the Kaluza Klein (KK) decomposition of such fields it is found that the KK
mass spectrum changes significantly depending on how the $\delta$ additional
dimensions are warped. We proceed to compute the lower bound on the KK mass
scale from electroweak observables for models with a bulk $SU(2)\times U(1)$
gauge symmetry and models with a bulk $SU(2)_R\times SU(2)_L\times U(1)$ gauge
symmetry. It is found that in both cases the most favourable bounds are
approximately $M_{KK}\gtrsim 2$ TeV, corresponding to a mass of the first gauge
boson excitation of about 4-6 TeV. Hence additional warped dimensions offer a
new way of reducing the constraints on the KK scale.Comment: 27 pages, 15 figures, v3: Additional comments in sections 1, 2 and 4.
  New appendix added. Five additional figures. References adde
Comments on Flipped SU(5) (and F-theory)

We study the impact of nonrenormalizable operators in flipped SU(5) that can
generate a large mu term, R-parity violation, and rapid proton decay. While our
motivation is to determine whether F-theory can naturally realize flipped
SU(5), this analysis is general and leads to a characterization of symmetries
capable of controlling such operators and should be independent of F-theory. We
then discuss some specific implications for F-theory model building, where a
significant mu problem is unavoidable. Finally, we mention previously noted
difficulties associated to engineering GUT-Higgs fields in F-theory, suggest a
direct engineering of SU(5) \times U(1)_{\chi} as an alternative, and present a
sample construction of this type.Comment: 39 page
Supersymmetry Flows, Semi-Symmetric Space Sine-Gordon Models And The
  Pohlmeyer Reduction

We study the extended supersymmetric integrable hierarchy underlying the
Pohlmeyer reduction of superstring sigma models on semi-symmetric superspaces
F/G. This integrable hierarchy is constructed by coupling two copies of the
homogeneous integrable hierarchy associated to the loop Lie superalgebra
extension f of the Lie superalgebra f of F and this is done by means of the
algebraic dressing technique and a Riemann-Hilbert factorization problem. By
using the Drinfeld-Sokolov procedure we construct explicitly, a set of 2D spin
\pm1/2 conserved supercharges generating supersymmetry flows in the phase space
of the reduced model. We introduce the bi-Hamiltonian structure of the extended
homogeneous hierarchy and show that the two brackets are of the
Kostant-Kirillov type on the co-adjoint orbits defined by the light-cone Lax
operators L_\pm. By using the second symplectic structure, we show that these
supersymmetries are Hamiltonian flows, we compute part of the supercharge
algebra and find the supersymmetric field variations they induce. We also show
that this second Poisson structure coincides with the canonical
Lorentz-Invariant symplectic structure of the WZNW model involved in the
Lagrangian formulation of the extended integrable hierarchy, namely, the
semi-symmetric space sine-Gordon model (SSSSG), which is the Pohlmeyer reduced
action functional for the transverse degrees of freedom of superstring sigma
models on the cosets F/G. We work out in some detail the Pohlmeyer reduction of
the AdS_2xS^2 and the AdS_3xS^3 superstrings and show that the new conserved
supercharges can be related to the supercharges extracted from 2D superspace.
In particular, for the AdS_2xS^2 example, they are formally the same.Comment: V2: Two references added, V3: Modifications in section 2.6, V4:
  Published versio
Search for heavy stable charged particles in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

The result of a search at the LHC for heavy stable charged particles produced in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV is described. The data sample was collected with the CMS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 3.1 inverse picobarns. Momentum and ionization-energy-loss measurements in the inner tracker detector are used to identify tracks compatible with heavy slow-moving particles. Additionally, tracks passing muon identification requirements are also analyzed for the same signature. In each case, no candidate passes the selection, with an expected background of less than 0.1 events. A lower limit at the 95% confidence level on the mass of a stable gluino is set at 398 GeV/c^2, using a conventional model of nuclear interactions that allows charged hadrons containing this particle to reach the muon detectors. A lower limit of 311 GeV/c^2 is also set for a stable gluino in a conservative scenario of complete charge suppression, where any hadron containing this particle becomes neutral before reaching the muon detectors
Writing CFT correlation functions as AdS scattering amplitudes

We explore the Mellin representation of conformal correlation functions
recently proposed by Mack. Examples in the AdS/CFT context reinforce the
analogy between Mellin amplitudes and scattering amplitudes. We conjecture a
simple formula relating the bulk scattering amplitudes to the asymptotic
behavior of Mellin amplitudes and show that previous results on the flat space
limit of AdS follow from our new formula. We find that the Mellin amplitudes
are particularly useful in the case of conformal gauge theories in the planar
limit. In this case, the four point Mellin amplitudes are meromorphic functions
whose poles and their residues are entirely determined by two and three point
functions of single-trace operators. This makes the Mellin amplitudes the ideal
objects to attempt the conformal bootstrap program in higher dimensions.Comment: 23 pages + appendice
Brane Tilings and Non-Commutative Geometry

We derive the quiver gauge theory on the world-volume of D3-branes transverse
to an L(a,b,c) singularity by computing the endomorphism algebra of a tilting
object first constructed by Van den Bergh. The quiver gauge theory can be
concisely specified by an embedding of a graph into a face-centered cubic
lattice. In this description, planar Seiberg dualities of the gauge theory act
by changing the graph embedding. We use this description of Seiberg duality to
show these quiver gauge theories possess periodic Seiberg dualities whose
existence was expected from the AdS/CFT correspondence.Comment: 23 pages; v2: reference added, minor change
QCD corrections to the hadronic production of a heavy quark pair and a
  W-boson including decay correlations

We perform an analytic calculation of the one-loop amplitude for the W-boson
mediated process 0 \to d u-bar Q Q-bar l-bar l, retaining the mass for the
quark Q. The momentum of each of the massive quarks is expressed as the sum of
two massless momenta and the corresponding heavy quark spinor is expressed as a
sum of two massless spinors. Using a special choice for the heavy quark spinors
we obtain analytic expressions for the one-loop amplitudes which are amenable
to fast numerical evaluation. The full next-to-leading order (NLO) calculation
of hadron+hadron \to W(\to e nu) b b-bar with massive b-quarks is included in
the program MCFM. A comparison is performed with previous published work.Comment: 45 pages, 17 figure
Interleaved Parton Showers and Tuning Prospects

General-purpose Monte Carlo event generators have become important tools in
particle physics, allowing the simulation of exclusive hadronic final states.
In this article we examine the Pythia 8 generator, in particular focusing on
its parton-shower algorithms. Some relevant new additions to the code are
introduced, that should allow for a better description of data. We also
implement and compare with 2 to 3 real-emission QCD matrix elements, to check
how well the shower algorithm fills the phase space away from the soft and
collinear regions. A tuning of the generator to Tevatron data is performed for
two PDF sets and the impact of first new LHC data is examined
Inverse magnetic catalysis in dense holographic matter

We study the chiral phase transition in a magnetic field at finite
temperature and chemical potential within the Sakai-Sugimoto model, a
holographic top-down approach to (large-N_c) QCD. We consider the limit of a
small separation of the flavor D8-branes, which corresponds to a dual field
theory comparable to a Nambu-Jona Lasinio (NJL) model. Mapping out the surface
of the chiral phase transition in the parameter space of magnetic field
strength, quark chemical potential, and temperature, we find that for small
temperatures the addition of a magnetic field decreases the critical chemical
potential for chiral symmetry restoration - in contrast to the case of
vanishing chemical potential where, in accordance with the familiar phenomenon
of magnetic catalysis, the magnetic field favors the chirally broken phase.
This "inverse magnetic catalysis" (IMC) appears to be associated with a
previously found magnetic phase transition within the chirally symmetric phase
that shows an intriguing similarity to a transition into the lowest Landau
level. We estimate IMC to persist up to 10^{19} G at low temperatures.Comment: 42 pages, 11 figures, v3: extended discussion; new appendix D;
  references added; version to appear in JHE
On the factorization of overlapping singularities at NNLO

Real and virtual corrections in NNLO QCD require multi-dimensional integrals
with overlapping singularities. We first review ideas and methods which have
been proposed for performing such computations. We then present a new method
for the factorization of overlapping singularities based on non-linear integral
transformations. We apply this method for the evaluation of all integral
topologies which appear in double real radiation corrections in cross-section
calculations for the production of a heavy system at hadron colliders. Finally,
we demonstrate with typical examples that two-loop virtual corrections are
amenable to the same method.Comment: 36 page
Pathologies in Asymptotically Lifshitz Spacetimes

There has been significant interest in the last several years in studying
possible gravitational duals, known as Lifshitz spacetimes, to anisotropically
scaling field theories by adding matter to distort the asymptotics of an AdS
spacetime. We point out that putative ground state for the most heavily studied
example of such a spacetime, that with a flat spatial section, suffers from a
naked singularity and further point out this singularity is not resolvable by
any known stringy effect. We review the reasons one might worry that
asymptotically Lifshitz spacetimes are unstable and employ the initial data
problem to study the stability of such systems. Rather surprisingly this
question, and even the initial value problem itself, for these spacetimes turns
out to generically not be well-posed. A generic normalizable state will evolve
in such a way to violate Lifshitz asymptotics in finite time. Conversely,
enforcing the desired asymptotics at all times puts strong restrictions not
just on the metric and fields in the asymptotic region but in the deep interior
as well. Generically, even perturbations of the matter field of compact support
are not compatible with the desired asymptotics.Comment: 36 pages, 1 figure, v2: Enhanced discussion of singularity, including
  relationship to Gubser's conjecture and singularity in RG flow solution, plus
  minor clarification
Origins of Hidden Sector Dark Matter I: Cosmology

We present a systematic cosmological study of a universe in which the visible
sector is coupled, albeit very weakly, to a hidden sector comprised of its own
set of particles and interactions. Assuming that dark matter (DM) resides in
the hidden sector and is charged under a stabilizing symmetry shared by both
sectors, we determine all possible origins of weak-scale DM allowed within this
broad framework. We show that DM can arise only through a handful of
mechanisms, lending particular focus to Freeze-Out and Decay and Freeze-In, as
well as their variations involving late time re-annihilations of DM and DM
particle anti-particle asymmetries. Much like standard Freeze-Out, where the
abundance of DM depends only on the annihilation cross-section of the DM
particle, these mechanisms depend only on a very small subset of physical
parameters, many of which may be measured directly at the LHC. In particular,
we show that each DM production mechanism is associated with a distinctive
window in lifetimes and cross-sections for particles which may be produced in
the near future. We evaluate prospects for employing the LHC to definitively
reconstruct the origin of DM in a companion paper.Comment: 32 pages, 19 figures; v2: references added, published versio
The little skyrmion: new dark matter for little Higgs models

We study skyrmions in the littlest Higgs model and discuss their possible role as dark matter candidates. Stable massive skyrmions can exist in the littlest Higgs model also in absence of an exact parity symmetry, since they carry a conserved topological charge due to the non-trivial third homotopy group of the SU(5)/SO(5) coset. We find a spherically symmetric skyrmion solution in this coset. The effects of gauge fields on the skyrmion solutions are analyzed and found to lead to an upper bound on the skyrmion mass. The relic abundance is in agreement with the observed dark matter density for reasonable parameter choices
Flipped SU(5) GUTs from E_8 Singularities in F-theory

In this paper we construct supersymmetric flipped SU(5) GUTs from E_8
singularities in F-theory. We start from an SO(10) singularity unfolded from an
E_8 singularity by using an SU(4) spectral cover. To obtain realistic models,
we consider (3,1) and (2,2) factorizations of the SU(4) cover. After turning on
the massless U(1)_X gauge flux, we obtain the SU(5) X U(1)_X gauge group. Based
on the well-studied geometric backgrounds in the literature, we demonstrate
several models and discuss their phenomenology.Comment: 46 pages, 23 tables, 1 figure, typos corrected, references added, and
  new examples presente
On Hybrid (Topologically) Massive Supergravity in Three Dimensions

A class of hybrid (topologically) massive off-shell supergravities coupled to
an on-shell matter scalar multiplet was recently constructed. The auxiliary
field in the off-shell multiplet is dynamical for generic values of the eight
parameters. We find that by choosing the parameters appropriately, it remains
non-dynamical. We perform linearized analysis around the supersymmetric AdS3
vacuum and its Minkowski limit. The ghost-free condition for the Minkowski
vacuum is explored. For the AdS3 vacuum, we obtain the criticality condition
and find that at the critical points, one of the two massive gravitons becomes
pure gauge and decouples from the bulk physics, whilst the other has positive
energy. We demonstrate that the mass of the BTZ black hole is non-negative at
the critical points. We also investigate general BPS solutions. For certain
parameter choices, we obtain exact solutions. In particular, we present the BPS
string (domain-wall) solution that is dual to certain two-dimensional quantum
field theory with an ultra-violet conformal fixed point.Comment: 29 pages. Typos correcte
On stable higher spin states in Heterotic String Theories

We study properties of 1/2 BPS Higher Spin states in heterotic
compactifications with extended supersymmetry. We also analyze non BPS Higher
Spin states and give explicit expressions for physical vertex operators of the
first two massive levels. We then study on-shell tri-linear couplings of these
Higher Spin states and confirm that BPS states with arbitrary spin cannot decay
into lower spin states in perturbation theory. Finally, we consider scattering
of vector bosons off higher spin BPS states and extract form factors and
polarization effects in various limits.Comment: 38 page
From SO/Sp instantons to W-algebra blocks

We study instanton partition functions for N=2 superconformal Sp(1) and SO(4)
gauge theories. We find that they agree with the corresponding U(2) instanton
partitions functions only after a non-trivial mapping of the microscopic gauge
couplings, since the instanton counting involves different renormalization
schemes. Geometrically, this mapping relates the Gaiotto curves of the
different realizations as double coverings. We then formulate an AGT-type
correspondence between Sp(1)/SO(4) instanton partition functions and chiral
blocks with an underlying W(2,2)-algebra symmetry. This form of the
correspondence eliminates the need to divide out extra U(1) factors. Finally,
to check this correspondence for linear quivers, we compute expressions for the
Sp(1)-SO(4) half-bifundamental.Comment: 83 pages, 29 figures; minor change
Covariant Quantum Fields on Noncommutative Spacetimes

A spinless covariant field $\phi$ on Minkowski spacetime $\M^{d+1}$ obeys the
relation $U(a,\Lambda)\phi(x)U(a,\Lambda)^{-1}=\phi(\Lambda x+a)$ where
$(a,\Lambda)$ is an element of the Poincar\'e group $\Pg$ and $U:(a,\Lambda)\to
U(a,\Lambda)$ is its unitary representation on quantum vector states. It
expresses the fact that Poincar\'e transformations are being unitary
implemented. It has a classical analogy where field covariance shows that
Poincar\'e transformations are canonically implemented. Covariance is
self-reproducing: products of covariant fields are covariant. We recall these
properties and use them to formulate the notion of covariant quantum fields on
noncommutative spacetimes. In this way all our earlier results on dressing,
statistics, etc. for Moyal spacetimes are derived transparently. For the Voros
algebra, covariance and the *-operation are in conflict so that there are no
covariant Voros fields compatible with *, a result we found earlier. The notion
of Drinfel'd twist underlying much of the preceding discussion is extended to
discrete abelian and nonabelian groups such as the mapping class groups of
topological geons. For twists involving nonabelian groups the emergent
spacetimes are nonassociative.Comment: 20 page
Neutrino Mass Hierarchy Determination Using Reactor Antineutrinos

Building on earlier studies, we investigate the possibility to determine the
type of neutrino mass spectrum (i.e., "the neutrino mass hierarchy") in a high
statistics reactor electron antineutrino experiment with a relatively large
KamLAND-like detector and an optimal baseline of 60 Km. We analyze
systematically the Fourier Sine and Cosine Transforms (FST and FCT) of
simulated reactor antineutrino data with reference to their specific mass
hierarchy-dependent features discussed earlier in the literature. We perform
also a binned \chi^2 analysis of the sensitivity of simulated reactor electron
antineutrino event spectrum data to the neutrino mass hierarchy, and determine,
in particular, the characteristics of the detector and the experiment (energy
resolution, visible energy threshold, exposure, systematic errors, binning of
data, etc.), which would allow us to get significant information on, or even
determine, the type of the neutrino mass spectrum. We find that if \sin^2
2\theta_{13} is sufficiently large, \sin^2 2\theta_{13} \gtap 0.02, the
requirements on the set-up of interest are very challenging, but not impossible
to realize.Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures, accepted in Journal of High Energy Physic
Efficient Identification of Boosted Semileptonic Top Quarks at the LHC

Top quarks produced in multi-TeV processes will have large Lorentz boosts,
and their decay products will be highly collimated. In semileptonic decay
modes, this often leads to the merging of the b-jet and the hard lepton
according to standard event reconstructions, which can complicate new physics
searches. Here we explore ways of efficiently recovering this signal in the
muon channel at the LHC. We perform a particle-level study of events with muons
produced inside of boosted tops, as well as in generic QCD jets and from
W-strahlung off of hard quarks. We characterize the discriminating power of
cuts previously explored in the literature, as well two new ones. We find a
particularly powerful isolation variable which can potentially reject light QCD
jets with hard embedded muons at the 10^3 level while retaining 80~90% of the
tops. This can also be fruitfully combined with other cuts for O(1) greater
discrimination. For W-strahlung, a simple pT-scaled maximum \Delta R cut
performs comparably to a highly idealized top-mass reconstruction, rejecting an
O(1) fraction of the background with percent-scale loss of signal. Using these
results, we suggest a set of well-motivated baseline cuts for any physics
analysis involving semileptonic top quarks at TeV-scale momenta, using neither
b-tagging nor missing energy as discriminators. We demonstrate the utility of
our cuts in searching for resonances in the top-antitop invariant mass
spectrum. For example, our results suggest that 100 fb^{-1} of data from a 14
TeV LHC could be used to discover a warped KK gluon up to 4.5 TeV or higher.Comment: 28 pages, 15 figure