pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Constraints on electron–quark contact interactions and implications to models of leptoquarks and extra Z bosons

AbstractWe update the global constraint on four-fermion eeqq contact interactions. In this update, we included the published data of H1 and ZEUS for the 1994–1996 run in the e+p mode and the newly published data of H1 for the 1999 run in the e−p mode. Other major changes are the new LEPII data on hadronic cross sections above 189 GeV, and the atomic parity violation measurement on cesium because of a new and improved atomic calculation, which drives the data within 1σ of the standard model value. The global data do not show any evidence for contact interactions, and we obtain 95% C.L. limits on the compositeness scale. A limit of ΛeuLL+(−)>23(12.5) TeV is obtained. Implications to models of leptoquarks and extra Z bosons are examined
Optimised conditions for the synthesis of 17O and 18O labelled cholesterol

AbstractConditions are described for the preparation of cholesterol with 17O and 18O labels from i-cholesteryl methyl ether using minimal amounts of isotopically enriched water. Optimum yields employed trifluoromethanesulfonic acid as catalyst in 1,4-dioxane at room temperature with 5 equivalents of water. An isotopic enrichment >90% of that of the water used for the reaction could be attained. Tetrafluoroboric acid could also be used as catalyst, at the expense of a lower overall reaction yield. Byproducts from the reaction included dicholesteryl ether, methyl cholesteryl ether, compounds formed by ether hydrolysis, and olefins arising from elimination reactions. Reactions in tetrahydrofuran yielded significant amounts of cholesteryl ethers formed by reaction with alcohols arising from hydrolysis of the solvent
Working Conditions of School and Teacher Training in Science: A Study with Teachers of Biology of Bahia, Brazil

AbstractWe identify what are the influences of working conditions for school science teachers training that is sensitive to intercultural dialogue. The study was conducted in 2009, based on semi-structured interview, and involved nine teachers of biology at Bahia, Brazil. The results indicate that several factors of the schools where the teachers interviewed work interfere negatively in their teaching and their training with regard to intercultural dialogue. Mobilizations are necessary to obtain changes in this way, especially by teachers, schools, universities and decision makers in the field of public policy education
Proton-Sensitive Transitions of Renal Type II Na+-Coupled Phosphate Cotransporter Kinetics

AbstractIn the kidney proximal tubule, acidification of the glomerular filtrate leads to an inhibition of inorganic phosphate (Pi) reabsorption by type II Na+-coupled cotransporters (NaPi-II). As external pH also alters the divalent/monovalent Pi ratio, it has been difficult to separate putative proton interactions with the cotransporter from direct titration of divalent Pi, the preferred species transported. To distinguish between these possibilities and identify pH-sensitive transitions in the cotransport cycle, the pH-dependent kinetics of two NaPi-II isoforms, expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, were investigated electrophysiologically. At −50mV, both isoforms showed >70% suppression of electrogenic response for an external pH change from 8.0 to 6.2, not attributable to titration of divalent Pi. This was accompanied by a progressive removal of steady-state voltage dependence. The NaPi-II-related uncoupled slippage current was unaffected by a pH change from 7.4 to 6.2, with no shift in the reversal potential, which suggested that protons do not function as substrate. The voltage-dependence of pre-steady-state relaxations was shifted to depolarizing potentials in 100mM and 0mM Naext+ and two kinetic components were resolved, the slower of which was pH-dependent. The changes in kinetics are predicted by a model in which protons interact with the empty carrier and final Na+ binding step
Proline-mediated formation of novel chroman-4-one tetrahydropyrimidines

AbstractNovel tricyclic N-benzylated chroman-4-one tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives have been prepared through a multi-component reaction between various 2-substituted chroman-4-one derivatives, N-methylenebenzylamine and a catalytic amount of proline under mild reaction conditions. The tricyclic structure of 1a was determined by NMR spectroscopy and confirmed by X-ray crystallography. An additional product, 2a, was isolated from the reaction mixture and its structure and conformation were determined by a combination of theoretical (Monte Carlo conformational search) and NMR-based (NOE and 3JHH couplings) conformational analysis. The NMR analysis revealed one preferred geometry for 1a and 2a in CHCl3 solution
Project Management Success in Health – The Need of Additional Research in Public Health Projects

AbstractThe research about the factors that are linked to project management performance and project management success, has been developed for several years, so the literature about this subject is relatively extensive. After a literature review about project success factors, it was found that the current research effort is mainly focused on information technology, engineering and software development projects, not yet on public health projects. Public health projects have a different focus, are concerned on providing conditions in which people can be healthy, and are essential for populations’ welfare. Their distinctive attributes justify the need of research towards the development of a specific model of success factors, to support top management and project managers in planning and operational management. A model of success factors would help in the identification, control and minimization of issues that increase the likelihood of going in the wrong direction and strengthen those that create value or increase the probability of going successfully. It would also be useful as a tool for prediction and diagnosis in evaluating objectively and gradually minimize the probability of project failure, and thus assist in improving the project performance. This article presents a brief literature review on project management success and points out the need of additional research for public health projects in this area
Exactness of the reduction on étale modules

AbstractWe prove the exactness of the reduction map from étale (φ,Γ)-modules over completed localized group rings of compact open subgroups of unipotent p-adic algebraic groups to usual étale (φ,Γ)-modules over Fontaine's ring. This reduction map is a component of a functor from smooth p-power torsion representations of p-adic reductive groups (or more generally of Borel subgroups of these) to (φ,Γ)-modules. Therefore this gives evidence for this functor—which is intended as some kind of p-adic Langlands correspondence for reductive groups—to be exact. We also show that the corresponding higher Tor-functors vanish. Moreover, we give the example of the Steinberg representation as an illustration and show that it is acyclic for this functor to (φ,Γ)-modules whenever our reductive group is GLd+1(Qp) for some d⩾1
A mixed action analysis of η and η′ mesons

AbstractWe study η and η′ mesons and their mixing angle in a mixed action approach with so-called Osterwalder–Seiler valence quarks on a Wilson twisted mass sea. The gauge configurations have been generated by ETMC for Nf=2+1+1 dynamical quark flavours and for three values of the lattice spacing. The main results are that differences in between the mixed action and the unitary approach vanish towards the continuum limit with the expected rate of O(a2). The individual size of the lattice artifacts depends, however, strongly on the observable used to match unitary and valence actions. Moreover, we show that for the η mass valence and valence plus sea quark mass dependence differ significantly. Hence, in this case a re-tuning of the simulation parameters in the valence sector only is not sufficient to compensate for mismatches in the original quark masses
Action research in radiography : what it is and how it can be conducted

Action research is a form of research that investigates and describes a social or work situation with the aim of achieving a change which results in improvement. This article emphasizes the potential for action research to be a useful research method in radiography. A search was conducted to determine the extent to which action research has been utilized in radiography. Although action research has been used in a number of health-care settings, there are no published examples of action research being utilized in a clinical medical imaging department. Action research is discussed in detail, along with an example guide for an action research study. Action research has been identified as a useful way to affect change, to involve radiographers in the research process, and to introduce evidence-based practice to radiography
The second Sandia Fracture Challenge: predictions of ductile failure under quasi-static and moderate-rate dynamic loading

Ductile failure of structural metals is relevant to a wide range of engineering scenarios. Computational methods are employed to anticipate the critical conditions of failure, yet they sometimes provide inaccurate and misleading predictions. Challenge scenarios, such as the one presented in the current work, provide an opportunity to assess the blind, quantitative predictive ability of simulation methods against a previously unseen failure problem. Rather than evaluate the predictions of a single simulation approach, the Sandia Fracture Challenge relies on numerous volunteer teams with expertise in computational mechanics to apply a broad range of computational methods, numerical algorithms, and constitutive models to the challenge. This exercise is intended to evaluate the state of health of technologies available for failure prediction. In the first Sandia Fracture Challenge, a wide range of issues were raised in ductile failure modeling, including a lack of consistency in failure models, the importance of shear calibration data, and difficulties in quantifying the uncertainty of prediction [see Boyce et al. (Int J Fract 186:5–68, 2014) for details of these observations]. This second Sandia Fracture Challenge investigated the ductile rupture of a Ti–6Al–4V sheet under both quasi-static and modest-rate dynamic loading (failure in  ∼∼ 0.1 s). Like the previous challenge, the sheet had an unusual arrangement of notches and holes that added geometric complexity and fostered a competition between tensile- and shear-dominated failure modes. The teams were asked to predict the fracture path and quantitative far-field failure metrics such as the peak force and displacement to cause crack initiation. Fourteen teams contributed blind predictions, and the experimental outcomes were quantified in three independent test labs. Additional shortcomings were revealed in this second challenge such as inconsistency in the application of appropriate boundary conditions, need for a thermomechanical treatment of the heat generation in the dynamic loading condition, and further difficulties in model calibration based on limited real-world engineering data. As with the prior challenge, this work not only documents the ‘state-of-the-art’ in computational failure prediction of ductile tearing scenarios, but also provides a detailed dataset for non-blind assessment of alternative methods.National Science Foundation (U.S.
The variable influence of dispersant on degradation of oil hydrocarbons in subarctic deep-sea sediments at low temperatures (0-5 °C)

The microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons at low temperatures was investigated in subarctic deep-sea sediments in th e Faroe Shetland Channel (FSC). The effect of the marine oil dispersant, Superdispersant 25 on hydrocarbon degradation was also examined. Sediments collected at 500 and 1000 m depth were spiked with a model oil containing 20 hydrocarbons and incubated at ambient temperature (5 and 0 °C, respectively) with and without marine dispersant. Treatment of sediments with hydrocarbons resulted in the enrichment of Gammaproteobacteria, and specifically the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas, Halomonas, and Cobetia. Hydrocarbon degradation was faster at 5 °C (500 m) with 65-89% of each component degraded after 50 days compared to 0-47% degradation at 0 °C (1000 m), where the aromatic hydrocarbons fluoranthene, anthracene, and Dibenzothiophene showed no degradation. Dispersant significantly increased the rate of degradation at 1000 m, but had no effect at 500 m. There was no statistically significant effect of Superdispersant 25 on the bacterial community structure at either station. These results show that the indigenous bacterial community in the FSC has the capacity to mitigate some of the effects of a potential oil spill, however, the effect of dispersant is ambiguous and further research is needed to understand the implications of its use
Constraining new physics with collider measurements of Standard Model signatures.

A new method providing general consistency constraints for Beyond-the-Standard-Model (BSM) theories, using measurements at particle colliders, is presented. The method, ‘Constraints On New Theories Using Rivet’, Contur, exploits the fact that particle-level differential measurements made in fiducial regions of phase-space have a high degree of model-independence. These measurements can therefore be compared to BSM physics implemented in Monte Carlo generators in a very generic way, allowing a wider array of final states to be considered than is typically the case. The Contur approach should be seen as complementary to the discovery potential of direct searches, being designed to eliminate inconsistent BSM proposals in a context where many (but perhaps not all) measurements are consistent with the Standard Model. We demonstrate, using a competitive simplified dark matter model, the power of this approach. The Contur method is highly scaleable to other models and future measurements
PETRA: Process Evolution using a TRAce-based system on a maintenance platform

To meet increasing needs in the field of maintenance, we studied the dynamic aspect of process and services on a maintenance platform, a major challenge in process mining and knowledge engineering. Hence, we propose a dynamic experience feedback approach to exploit maintenance process behaviors in real execution of the maintenance platform. An active learning process exploiting event log is introduced by taking into account the dynamic aspect of knowledge using trace engineering. Our proposal makes explicit the underlying knowledge of platform users by means of a trace-based system called “PETRA”. The goal of this system is to extract new knowledge rules about transitions and activities in maintenance processes from previous platform executions as well as its user (i.e. maintenance operators) interactions. While following a Knowledge Traces Discovery process and handling the maintenance ontology IMAMO, “PETRA” is composed of three main subsystems: tracking, learning and knowledge capitalization. The capitalized rules are shared in the platform knowledge base in order to be reused in future process executions. The feasibility of this method is proven through concrete use cases involving four maintenance processes and their simulation
The use of platelet-rich plasma to treat chronic tendinopathies: A technical analysis

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is blood plasma with a high concentration of autologous platelets
which constitute an immense reservoir of growth factors. The clinical use of PRP is widespread
in various medical applications.
Although highly popular with athletes, the use of PRP for the treatment of tendinopathies
remains scientifically controversial, particularly due to the diversity of products that go by the
name of “PRP.” To optimize its use, it is important to look at the various stages of obtaining
PRP.
In this literature review, we take a closer look at eight parameters which may influence the
quality of PRP: 1) anticoagulants used to preserve the best platelet function, 2) the speed of
centrifugation used to extract the platelets, 3) the platelet concentrations obtained, 4) the
impact of the concentration of red and while blood cells on PRP actions, 5) platelet activators
encouraging platelet degranulation and, hence, the release of growth factors, and 6) the use or
nonuse of local anesthetics when carrying out infiltration. In addition to these parameters, it
may be interesting to analyze other variables such as 7) the use of ultrasound guidance during
the injection with a view to determining the influence they have on potential recovery.Peer reviewe
Characterization of façade fenestration for energy studies within the “Eixample” urban tissue of Barcelona

This paper explores the possibility of characterising the degree of fenestration of a certain city by studying a limited building sample. For the case study of the Eixample district of Barcelona, window-to-wall ratio (WWR) guiding values are provided and the role of the date of construction and the façade orientation is assessed regarding the opening size. Results indicate that not only average WWR values but also dispersion indicators should be provided to adequately describe façade fenestration. The age of construction has found to be a helpful parameter to approximate representative WWR values of a tissue reducing the uncertainty.Postprint (published version
Measurement of electrons from beauty hadron decays in pp collisions at
  $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV

The production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of beauty
hadrons was measured at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.8) in the transverse momentum
range $1 < p_{\rm T} < 8$ Gev/$c$ with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in
pp collisions at a center of mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV using an integrated
luminosity of 2.2 nb$^{-1}$. Electrons from beauty hadron decays were selected
based on the displacement of the decay vertex from the collision vertex. A
perturbative QCD calculation agrees with the measurement within uncertainties.
The data were extrapolated to the full phase space to determine the total cross
section for the production of beauty quark-antiquark pairs.Comment: 17 pages, 5 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 12,
  published version, figures at
  http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/283
Search for narrow high-mass resonances in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV decaying to a Z and a Higgs boson

A search for a narrow, high-mass resonance decaying into Z and Higgs (H) bosons is presented. The final state studied consists of a merged jet pair and a τ pair resulting from the decays of Z and H bosons, respectively. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, collected with the CMS experiment in 2012, and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb-1. In the resonance mass range of interest, which extends from 0.8 to 2.5 TeV, the Z and H bosons are produced with large momenta, which implies that the final products of the two quarks or the two τ leptons must be detected within a small angular interval. From a combination of all possible decay modes of the τ leptons, production cross sections in a range between 0.9 and 27.8 fb are excluded at 95% confidence level, depending on the resonance mass.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Search for heavy Majorana neutrinos in e±e±+ jets and e±µ±+ jets events in proton-proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

A search is performed for heavy Majorana neutrinos (N) decaying into a W boson and a lepton using the CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. A signature of two jets and either two same sign electrons or a same sign electron-muon pair is searched for using 19.7 fb-1 of data collected during 2012 in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8TeV. The data are found to be consistent with the expected standard model (SM) background and, in the context of a Type-1 seesaw mechanism, upper limits are set on the cross section times branching fraction for production of heavy Majorana neutrinos in the mass range between 40 and 500 GeV. The results are additionally interpreted as limits on the mixing between the heavy Majorana neutrinos and the SM neutrinos. In the mass range considered, the upper limits range between 0.00015-0.72 for |VeN|2 and 6.6×10-5-0.47 for |VeNV * µN|2/(|VeN|2+|VµN|2), where V ℓN is the mixing element describing the mixing of the heavy neutrino with the SM neutrino of flavour ℓ. These limits are the most restrictive direct limits for heavy Majorana neutrino masses above 200 GeV. © CERN, for the benefit of the CMS Collaboration.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Particle acceleration with anomalous pitch angle scattering in 2D MHD
  reconnection simulations

The conversion of magnetic energy into other forms during solar flares is one
of the outstanding open problems in solar physics. It is generally accepted
that magnetic reconnection plays a crucial role in these conversion processes.
To achieve the rapid energy release required in solar flares, an anomalous
resistivity, orders of magnitude higher than the Spitzer resistivity, is often
used in MHD simulations of reconnection. Spitzer resistivity is based on
Coulomb scattering, which becomes negligible at the high energies achieved by
accelerated particles. As a result, simulations of particle acceleration in
reconnection events are often performed in the absence of any interaction
between accelerated particles and any background plasma. This need not be the
case for scattering associated with anomalous resistivity caused by turbulence
within solar flares, as the higher resistivity implies an elevated scattering
rate. We present results of test particle calculations, with and without pitch
angle scattering, subject to fields derived from MHD simulations of
two-dimensional (2D) X-point reconnection. Scattering rates proportional to the
ratio of the anomalous resistivity to the local Spitzer resistivity, as well as
at fixed values, are considered. Pitch angle scattering, which is independent
of the anomalous resistivity, causes higher maximum energies in comparison to
those obtained without scattering. Scattering rates which are dependent on the
local anomalous resistivity tend to produce fewer highly energised particles
due to weaker scattering in the separatrices, even though scattering in the
current sheet may be stronger when compared to resistivity-independent
scattering. Strong scattering also causes an increase in the number of
particles exiting the computational box in the reconnection outflow region, as
opposed to along the separatrices as is the case in the absence of scattering.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted to Astronomy & Astrophysic
Analyzing chaos in higher order disordered quartic-sextic Klein-Gordon lattices using q-statistics

© 2017 Elsevier Ltd In the study of subdiffusive wave-packet spreading in disordered Klein–Gordon (KG) nonlinear lattices, a central open question is whether the motion continues to be chaotic despite decreasing densities, or tends to become quasi-periodic as nonlinear terms become negligible. In a recent study of such KG particle chains with quartic (4th order) anharmonicity in the on-site potential it was shown that q−Gaussian probability distribution functions of sums of position observables with q > 1 always approach pure Gaussians (q=1) in the long time limit and hence the motion of the full system is ultimately “strongly chaotic”. In the present paper, we show that these results continue to hold even when a sextic (6th order) term is gradually added to the potential and ultimately prevails over the 4th order anharmonicity, despite expectations that the dynamics is more “regular”, at least in the regime of small oscillations. Analyzing this system in the subdiffusive energy domain using q-statistics, we demonstrate that groups of oscillators centered around the initially excited one (as well as the full chain) possess strongly chaotic dynamics and are thus far from any quasi-periodic torus, for times as long as t=109