pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with time consumption when answering drug-related queries to Scandinavian drug information centres: a multi-centre study

Purpose

There is little research-based documentation on the services provided by drug information centres (DICs). The aim of this multi-centre study was to explore for the first time the factors associated with time consumption when answering drug-related queries at eight different but comparable DICs.

Methods

During an 8-week period, staff members at eight Scandinavian DICs recorded the number of minutes during which they responded to queries. Mixed model linear regression analyses were used to explore the factors associated with time consumption when answering queries.

Results

The mean time consumption per query was 178 min (range 4–2540 min). The mean time consumed per query increased by 28 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 23 to 33, p < 0.001) min higher for queries for which there was a lack of documentation and 139 (95 % CI 74 to 203, p < 0.001) min higher when conflicting information was present in the literature. Staff members with less than 1 year of experience consumed a mean of 91 more minutes (95 % CI 32 to 150, p = 0.003) per query than staff members with more than 2 years of experience.

Conclusions

This study demonstrates the large variation in time consumed answering queries posed to Scandinavian DICs. The results highlight the need for highly competent staff members and easy access to drug information sources. Further studies are required to explore the association between time consumption and response quality
Embracing translational HRD research for evidence-based management: let’s talk about how to bridge the research-practice gap

In recent years, the debate about the purpose of Universities is increasingly visible in public fora. Universities are more frequently asked by government bodies and the public to ‘account for themselves’. Evidence is demanded in answer to such questions as: ‘if public funding is poured into university research, what does the public get for its money?’ (Simons, 2010); how do specific pieces of research inform policy problems? (Lauder, 2014); or what is the value for money and impact of scientific research projects for the economy and society? (Science Foundation Ireland). The benefits of university research are asserted to be wide and influential and include innovation, new knowledge, improved business strategies and productivity and contributions to policy, among others (Khazragui & Hudson, 2015). However, such claims are insufficient without supporting evidence in a time of public debt and pressure to reduce spending (de Campos, 2010; Khazragui & Hudson, 2015). This debate now influences public policy in the UK where universities, for the first time in 2014, must demonstrate, under the Research Excellence Framework (REF), how faculty research impacts the economy and society (see Khazragui & Hudson, 2015 for a review)
Solvation of fluoro-acetonitrile in water by 2D-IR spectroscopy: A combined experimental-computational study

The solvent dynamics around fluorinated acetonitrile is characterized by 2-dimensional infrared spectroscopy and atomistic simulations. The lineshape of the linear infrared spectrum is better captured by semiempirical (density functional tight binding) mixed quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics simulations, whereas force field simulations with multipolar interactions yield lineshapes that are significantly too narrow. For the solvent dynamics, a relatively slow time scale of 2 ps is found from the experiments and supported by the mixed quantum mechanical/molecular mechanics simulations. With multipolar force fields fitted to the available thermodynamical data, the time scale is considerably faster-on the 0.5 ps time scale. The simulations provide evidence for a well established CF-HOH hydrogen bond (population of 25%) which is found from the radial distribution function g(r) from both, force field and quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics simulations
Chemical versus van der Waals Interaction: The Role of the Heteroatom in the Flat Absorption of Aromatic Molecules C6H6, C5NH5, and C4N2H4 on the Cu(110) Surface

We perform first-principles calculations aimed at investigating the role of a heteroatom such as N in the chemical and long-range van der Waals (vdW) interactions for a flat adsorption of several-conjugated molecules on the Cu(110) surface. Our study reveals that the alignment of the molecular orbitals at the adsorbate-substrate interface depends on the number of heteroatoms. As a direct consequence, the molecule-surface vdW interactions involve not only pi-like orbitals which are perpendicular to the molecular plane but also sigma-like orbitals delocalized in the molecular plane
Color kinematic symmetric (BCJ) numerators in a light-like gauge

Color-ordered tree level scattering amplitudes in Yang-Mills theories can be written as a sum over terms which display the various propagator poles of Feynman diagrams. The numerators in these expressions which are obtained by straightforward application of Feynman rules are not satisfying any particular relations, typically. However, by reshuffling terms, it is known that one can arrive at a set of numerators which satisfy the same Jacobi identity as the corresponding color factors. By extending previous work by us we show how this can be systematically accomplished within a Lagrangian framework. We construct an effective Lagrangian which yields tree-level color-kinematic symmetric numerators in Yang-Mills theories in a light-like gauge at five-points. The five-point effective Lagrangian is non-local and it is zero by Jacobi identity. The numerators obtained from it respect the original pole structure of the color-ordered amplitude. We discuss how this procedure can be systematically extended to higher order
Probe of anomalous quartic WWZγ couplings in photon-photon collisions

In this paper, we examine the potentials of the processes γγ → W + W − Z and e + e − → e + γ * γ * e − → e + W + W − Ze − at the CLIC with s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 0 . 5, 1.5 and 3 TeV to investigate anomalous quartic WWZγ couplings by two different CP-violating and CP-conserving effective Lagrangians. We find 95% confidence level sensitivities on the anomalous coupling parameters at the three CLIC energies and various integrated luminosities. The best sensitivities obtained from the process γγ → W + W − Z on the anomalous k 0 W Λ 2 , k c W Λ 2 $$ \frac{k_0^W}{\varLambda^2},\frac{k_c^W}{\varLambda^2} $$ and k 2 m Λ 2 $$ \frac{k_2^m}{\varLambda^2} $$ couplings defined by CP-conserving effective Lagrangians are [−1 . 73; 1 . 73]×10 −7 GeV −2 , [−2 . 44; 2 . 44]×10 −7 and [−1 . 89; 1 . 89]×10 −7 GeV −2 , while a n Λ 2 $$ \frac{a_n}{\varLambda^2} $$ coupling determined by CP-violating effective Lagrangians is obtained as [−1 . 74; 1 . 74]×10 −7 GeV −2 . In addition, the best sensitivities derived on k 0 W Λ 2 , k c W Λ 2 $$ \frac{k_0^W}{\varLambda^2},\frac{k_c^W}{\varLambda^2} $$ and k 2 m Λ 2 $$ \frac{k_2^m}{\varLambda^2} $$ and a n Λ 2 $$ \frac{a_n}{\varLambda^2} $$ from the process e + e − → e + γ * γ * e − →  e + W + W − Ze − are obtained as [−1 . 09; 1 . 09]×10 −6 GeV −2 , [−1 . 54; 1 . 54]×10 −6 GeV −2 , [−1 . 18; 1 . 18]×10 −6 and [−1 . 04; 1 . 04]×10 −6 GeV −2 , respectively
Plane-wave scattering by self-complementary metasurfaces in terms of electromagnetic duality and Babinet's principle

We investigate theoretically electromagnetic plane-wave scattering by self-complementary metasurfaces. By using Babinet's principle extended to metasurfaces with resistive elements, we show that the frequency-independent transmission and reflection are realized for normal incidence of a circularly polarized plane wave onto a self-complementary metasurface, even if there is diffraction. Next, we consider two special classes of self-complementary metasurfaces. We show that self-complementary metasurfaces with rotational symmetry can act as coherent perfect absorbers, and those with translational symmetry compatible with their self-complementarity can split the incident power equally, even for oblique incidences
Are the ancient forests of the Eastern Po plain large enough for a long term conservation of herbaceous nemoral species?

We analysed the effects of patch configuration and site history on vascular plants in ancient forests of the Eastern Po Plain, documented back to 1740. Despite their reduced size, all the forests are part of Natura 2000 Network and significantly contribute to the maintenance of a threatened habitat and\ud
support biological diversity of the Continental biogeographic region. The presence of some functional ecological plant species groups was correlated with patch configuration and age. Habitat\ud
quality, in terms of suitability for forest species, was found to be important in explaining the presence of species of high conservation value, but patch age (as an indicator for habitat quality) played a major role too. For core forest species, patch area is a redundant variable in explaining species richness relative to habitat quality and patch age and the extinction of specialists seems to occur mainly in a deterministic way. Even small forest fragments can be very important for maintaining plant species diversity, at least if they are of high habitat quality and if the forest management is appropriate. However, to achieve a long term conservation, management plans should also aim at an improvement of the anthropogenic matrix surrounding forest remnants
Uncertainty and the de Finetti tables

International audienceThe new paradigm in the psychology of reasoning adopts a Bayesian, or prob-abilistic, model for studying human reasoning. Contrary to the traditional binary approach based on truth functional logic, with its binary values of truth and falsity, a third value that represents uncertainty can be introduced in the new paradigm. A variety of three-valued truth table systems are available in the formal literature, including one proposed by de Finetti. We examine the descriptive adequacy of these systems for natural language indicative condi-tionals and bets on conditionals. Within our framework the so-called " defective " truth table, in which participants choose a third value when the antecedent of the indicative conditional is false, becomes a coherent response. We show that only de Finetti's system has a good descriptive fit when uncertainty is the third value. The new Bayesian, or probabilistic, paradigm in the psychology of reasoning (Oaksford & Chater, 2007, 2009; Over, 2009; Pfeifer & Kleiter, 2010) implies a close parallel relationship between assertions of the indicative conditional of natural language, if A then C, and other uses of conditionals, particularly bets on conditionals, I bet that if A then B. Politzer, Over, and Baratgin (2010) explain how this predicted relation goes back to Ramsey (1926/1990, 1929/1990) and de Finetti (1936/1995, 1937/1964) and provide experimental evidence that this parallel relation exists (see also Baratgin, Over, & Politzer, in press). Financial support for this work was provided by the French ANR agency under grant ANR Chorus 2011 (project BTAFDOC). We would like to thank Paul Egr e, Jean-Louis Stilgenbauer, and Tatsuji Takahashi for much discussion and other help in our research. We also thank Shira Elqayam, Jean-François Bonnefon, and two anonymous reviewers
A new dedicated β-NMR/β-NQR setup for LISE-GANIL

A new β-NMR/β-NQR setup is developed to study nuclear magnetic dipole moments and electric quadrupole moments at the LISE fragment separator at GANIL. Two key elements make the new design very powerful: the homogeneous magnet and the strong radio-frequency amplifier. The combination of both makes it possible to examine a broad spectrum of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole moments. Several factors have an influence on the detection efficiency and on the sensitivity of the setup to observe a resonant change in the β-asymmetry: the thickness and the tilting angle of the implantation crystal, the material in the vacuum chamber, the applied magnetic field and the Qβ-value of the decaying nuclei. A detailed study of these effects is made using a dedicated GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation code
Fully 3D Monte Carlo image reconstruction in SPECT using functional regions

6 pages, 3 figures, 3rd International Conference on maging Technologies in Biomedical Sciences : ITBS2005, Milos Island, Greece, 25-28 september 2005, submitted to NIMA - présenté par I. Buvat, submitted to NIMAImage reconstruction in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) is affected by physical effects such as photon attenuation, Compton scatter and detector response. These effects can be compensated for by modeling the corresponding spread of photons in 3D within the system matrix used for tomographic reconstruction. The fully 3D Monte Carlo (F3DMC) reconstruction technique consists in calculating this system matrix using Monte Carlo simulations. The inverse problem of tomographic reconstruction is then solved using conventional iterative algorithms such as maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM). Although F3DMC has already shown promising results, its use is currently limited by two major issues: huge size of the fully 3D system matrix and long computation time required for calculating a robust and accurate system matrix. To address these two issues, we propose to calculate the F3DMC system matrix using a spatial sampling matching the functional regions to be reconstructed. In this approach, different regions of interest can be reconstructed with different spatial sampling. For instance, a single value is reconstructed for a functional region assumed to contain uniform activity. To assess the value of this approach, Monte Carlo simulations have been performed using GATE. Results suggest that F3DMC reconstruction using functional regions improves quantitative accuracy compared to the F3DMC reconstruction method proposed so far. In addition, it considerably reduces disk space requirement and duration of the simulations needed to estimate the system matrix. The concept of functional regions might therefore make F3DMC reconstruction practically feasible
Full Scale Dynamic Response of a RC Building under Weak Seismic Motions Using Earthquake Recordings, Ambient Vibrations and Modelling

International audienceIn countries with a moderate seismic hazard, the classical methods developed for strong motion prone countries to estimate the seismic behaviour and subsequent vulnerability of existing buildings are often inadequate and not financially realistic. The main goals of this paper are to show how the modal analysis can contribute to the understanding of the seismic building response and the good relevancy of a modal model based on ambient vibrations for estimating the structural deformation under moderate earthquakes. We describe the application of an enhanced modal analysis technique (Frequency Domain Decomposition) to process ambient vibration recordings taken at the Grenoble City Hall building (France). The frequencies of ambient vibrations are compared with those of weak earthquakes recorded by the French permanent accelerometric network (RAP) that was installed to monitor the building. The frequency variations of the building under moderate earthquakes are shown to be slight (~2%) and therefore ambient vibration frequencies are relevant over the elastic domain of the building. The modal parameters extracted from ambient vibrations are then used to determine the 1D lumped-mass model in order to reproduce the inter-storey drift under weak earthquakes and to fix a 3D numerical model that could be used for strong earthquakes. The correlation coefficients between data and synthetic motion are close to 80% and 90% in horizontal directions, for the 1D and 3D modelling, respectively
The Adoption of Mobile Games in China: An Empirical Study

Part 6: Decision Making and Knowledge ManagementInternational audienceMobile games have become very popular in recent years in China. This research aims to investigate the potential factors that influence users’ intention to play mobile games. Through the employment of structural equation modeling technology, a research model by extending technology acceptance model (TAM) with flow experience and social norms was proposed. This research model was empirically evaluated using survey data collected from 388 users about their perceptions of mobile games. Eleven research hypotheses were proposed in the study. Eight research hypotheses were positively significant supported, while three research hypotheses were rejected in this study. The result indicates that attitude and flow experience explain about 75% of uses’ intention to playing mobile games. It was found that social norms do not have direct effect on the intention to play a mobile game. But it affects the attitude directly. In addition, flow experience, perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness all have direct effects on users’ attitude toward playing a mobile game, and the effect from flow experience is quite strong. Flow experience plays an important role in the adoption of mobile games according to the analytical results of our study
Reputation and social (dis)approval in feedback mechanisms: An experimental study

International audienceSeveral previous studies have highlighted the role of feedback mechanisms in the success of electronic marketplaces. This paper contends that the effectiveness of online feedback mechanisms passes through two channels, namely a ‘reputational’ effect that has been largely documented in the literature, but also a ‘(dis)approval’ effect that has received less attention. We attempt to isolate these two effects using an experimental approach. For this purpose, we compare two experimental feedback systems that differ in the set of information available to participants. In the first feedback system, each player can observe the feedback profile of the other party, whereas in the second feedback system, this information is private. Our findings indicate that both systems improve cooperation. However, we observe that private feedback is less efficient in enhancing trust and trustworthiness than systems in which rating profiles are observed by partners. This finding is due to both a reduction of the number of assigned ratings and a lower impact of private ratings on subsequent decisions. All these results suggest that even if social (dis)approval matters, rating observability–and thus reputation–remains critical to induce honest behavior and improve efficiency in markets characterized by imperfect information
A silica long base tiltmeter with high stability and resolution

International audienceIn order to be able to provide valuable data in multiparameter measurement field operations, tiltmeters need to have a noise level better or equal than 10-9 rad for a period range from a few minutes to a few years and a long term stability ranging from 10-7 to 10-8 rad/yr. Tiltmeter measurements should also be as much as possible insensitive to thermal disturbances, by taking great care of the horizontality of the base line tube first. Secondly, thermal responses have been assessed. We also took great care of the coupling of our tiltmeters with the bedrock. We've designed a long base tiltmeter with sensors in silica which has a low dilatation coefficient. The linear variable displacement transducer is based on coil coupling (powered by an alternative voltage). Finally we show the results of two 100 m silica water tube tiltmeters which were installed in a mine in the French Vosges massif in the framework of a hydrology research project. These instruments show a remarkably good stability (6.5×10-9 rad/month) and a low noise level (of the order of 10-11 rad). Toroidal and spheroidal free modes of the Earth were observed after the two last major earthquakes on Sumatra
Effect of grain disorientation on early fatigue crack propagation in face-centred-cubic polycristals: A three-dimensional dislocation dynamics investigation.

International audienceThree-dimensional dislocation dynamics simulations are used to study micro-crack interaction with the first micro-structural barrier in face-centred cubic bi-crystals loaded in high cycle fatigue conditions. In the examined configuration, we assumed that micro-crack transmission occurs due to surface relief growth in the secondary grain ahead of the primary crack. This indirect transmission mechanism is shown to strongly depend on grain-1/grain-2 disorientation. For instance, small grain disorientation induces plastic strain localisation ahead of the crack and faster transmission through the first barrier. Conversely, large grain-1/grain-2 disorientation induces plastic strain spreading similar to crack tip blunting yielding slower indirect transmission. A semi-analytical micro-model is developed based on the present simulation results and complementary experimental observations highlighting the original notion of first-barrier compliance. The model captures well known experimental trends including effects of: grain-size, grain disorientation and micro-crack retardation at the first barrier
Renewable energy based microgrid system sizing and energy\ud
management for green buildings

The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings, which is technically feasible and economically optimal. With a view to promote renewable energy sources, photovoltaics and wind turbines are integrated with the grid connected building. The system is modeled and the optimal system configuration is estimated with the help of hybrid optimization model for electric renewables (HOMER). The logic is illustrated with a case study based on the practical data of a building located in southern India. This building is associated with 3.4 MWh/day priority load (peak load as 422 kW), as well as 3.3 MWh/day deferrable load (peak load as 500 kW). Sensitivity analysis is performed to deal with uncertainties such as the increase in electricity consumption and grid tariff, environmental changes, etc. From the simulation result, it is observed that the designed system is cost effective and environment friendly, which leads to 6.18 % annual cost savings and reduces CO2 emissions by 38.3 %. Sensitivity results indicate that the system is optimal and adaptable in a certain range of unanticipated variances with respect to best estimated value. Finally, an energy management strategy is developed for the optimal system to ensure reliable power during contingency and disturbances. The green and hybrid power system designed can be adaptable to any critical and large consumers of urban buildings
On The Supersymmetric Solutions of D=3 Half-maximal Supergravities

We initiate a systematic study of the solutions of three-dimensional matter-coupled half-maximal (N=8) supergravities which admit a Killing spinor. To this end we analyze in detail the invariant tensors built from spinor bilinears, a technique originally developed and applied in higher dimensions. This reveals an intriguing interplay with the scalar target space geometry SO(8,n)/(SO(8) x SO(n)). Another interesting feature of the three-dimensional case is the implementation of the duality between vector and scalar fields in this framework. For the ungauged theory with timelike Killing vector, we explicitly determine the scalar current and show that its integrability relation reduces to a covariant holomorphicity equation, for which we present a number of explicit solutions. For the case of a null Killing vector, we give the most general solution which is of pp-wave type
Differential Behavioral Analysis

International audienceThis paper describes an attack on cryptographic devices calledDifferential Behavioral Analysis (or DBA). This is an hybrid attackbetween two already powerful attacks: differential power analysis(DPA) for the  statistical  treatment and safe-error attack for the fault type. DBA, simulated on an algorithmic model of AES appears to be very efficient. The attacker is able to recover the entire secret keywith byte-wise \textquotedblleft stuck-at'' faults injected  repetitively. A theorical as well as a more realistic approach are presented