pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Natural emergence of neutrino masses and dark matter from $R$-symmetry

We propose a supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a
continuous global $U(1)_R$ symmetry. The $R$-charges of the SM fields are
identified with that of their lepton numbers. As a result, both bilinear and
trilinear `$R$-parity violating' (RPV) terms could be present at the
superpotential. However, $R$-symmetry is not an exact symmetry as it is broken
by supergravity effects. Hence, sneutrinos acquire a small vacuum expectation
value in this framework. However, a suitable choice of basis ensures that the
bilinear RPV terms can be completely rotated away from the superpotential and
the scalar potential. On the other hand, the trilinear terms play a very
crucial role in generating neutrino masses and mixing at the tree level. This
is noticeably different from the typical $R$-parity violating Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model. Also, gravitino mass turns out to be the order
parameter of $R$-breaking and is directly related to the neutrino mass. We show
that such a gravitino, within the mass range $200~\text{keV}\lesssim
m_{3/2}\lesssim 0.1~\text{GeV}$ can be an excellent dark matter candidate.
Finally, we looked into the collider implications of our framework.Comment: 23 pages, one figure (added), title changed, discussion added on
  sneutrino vev basis, accepted for publication in JHE
The Cosmology of Sub-MeV Dark Matter

Light dark matter is a compelling experimental target in light of stringent
constraints on heavier WIMPs. However, for a sub-MeV WIMP, the universe is
sufficiently well understood at temperatures below 10 MeV that there is no room
for it to be a thermal relic. Avoiding thermalization is itself a strong
constraint with significant implications for direct detection. In this paper,
we explore the space of models of sub-MeV dark matter with viable cosmologies.
The parameter space of these models that is also consistent with astrophysical
and lab-based limits is highly restricted for couplings to electrons but
somewhat less constrained for nuclei. We find that achieving nuclear
cross-sections well-above the neutrino floor necessarily predicts a new
contribution to the effective number of neutrino species, $\Delta N_{\rm eff} =
0.09$ that will be tested by the next generation of CMB observations. On the
other hand, models with absorption signatures of dark matter are less
restricted by cosmology even with future observations.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figures; V2: figures corrected, minor changes; V3:
  additional stellar cooling constraint include
Vacuum Stability and Perturbativity of SU(3) Scalars

We calculate the vacuum stability conditions and renormalisation group
equations for the extensions of standard model with a higher colour multiplet
scalar up to the representation $\mathbf{15'}$ that leaves the strong
interaction asymptotically free. In order to find the vacuum stability
conditions, we calculate the orbit spaces for the self-couplings of the higher
multiplets, which for the representations $\mathbf{15}$ and $\mathbf{15'}$ of
$SU(3)_c$ are highly complicated. However, if the scalar potential is linear in
orbit space variables, it is sufficient to know the convex hull of the orbit
space. In contrast to the self-couplings of other multiplets, we find that the
scalar quartic couplings of the representations $\mathbf{3}$ and $\mathbf{8}$
walk rather than run, remaining nearly constant and perturbative over a vast
energy range. We describe the conditions for walking couplings using a
schematic model. With these technical results at hand we revise earlier results
of generation of new scales with large $SU(3)_c$ scalar multiplets. Our results
are easily extendable to models of new physics with additional $SU(3)$ or
SU($N$) gauge symmetries.Comment: 26 pages, 6 figures, 2 table
Effective Theory of Flavor for Minimal Mirror Twin Higgs

We consider two copies of the Standard Model, interchanged by an exact parity
symmetry, P. The observed fermion mass hierarchy is described by suppression
factors $\epsilon^{n_i}$ for charged fermion $i$, as can arise in
Froggatt-Nielsen and extra-dimensional theories of flavor. The corresponding
flavor factors in the mirror sector are $\epsilon'^{n_i}$, so that spontaneous
breaking of the parity P arises from a single parameter $\epsilon'/\epsilon$,
yielding a tightly constrained version of Minimal Mirror Twin Higgs, introduced
in our previous paper. Models are studied for simple values of $n_i$, including
in particular one with SU(5)-compatibility, that describe the observed fermion
mass hierarchy. The entire mirror quark and charged lepton spectrum is broadly
predicted in terms of $\epsilon'/\epsilon$, as are the mirror QCD scale and the
decoupling temperature between the two sectors. Helium-, hydrogen- and
neutron-like mirror dark matter candidates are constrained by self-scattering
and relic ionization. In each case, the allowed parameter space can be fully
probed by proposed direct detection experiments. Correlated predictions are
made as well for the Higgs signal strength and the amount of dark radiation.Comment: 43 pages, 15 figure
Spontaneous mirror left-right symmetry breaking for leptogenesis
  parametrized by Majorana neutrino mass matrix

We introduce a mirror copy of the ordinary fermions and Higgs scalars for
embedding the $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ electroweak gauge symmetry into an
$SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R\times U(1)_{B-L}$ left-right gauge symmetry. We then
show the spontaneous left-right symmetry breaking can automatically break the
parity symmetry motivated by solving the strong CP problem. Through the
$SU(2)_R$ gauge interactions, a mirror Majorana neutrino can decay into a
mirror charged lepton and two mirror quarks. Consequently we can obtain a
lepton asymmetry stored in the mirror charged leptons. The Yukawa couplings of
the mirror and ordinary charged fermions to a dark matter scalar then can
transfer the mirror lepton asymmetry to an ordinary lepton asymmetry which
provides a solution to the cosmic baryon asymmetry in association with the
$SU(2)_L$ sphaleron processes. In this scenario, the baryon asymmetry can be
well described by the neutrino mass matrix up to an overall factor.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figur
The B-field soft theorem and its unification with the graviton and
  dilaton

In theories of Einstein gravity coupled with a dilaton and a two-form, a soft
theorem for the two-form, known as the Kalb-Ramond B-field, has so far been
missing. In this work we fill the gap, and in turn formulate a unified soft
theorem valid for gravitons, dilatons and B-fields in any tree-level scattering
amplitude involving the three massless states. The new soft theorem is fixed by
means of on-shell gauge invariance and enters at the subleading order of the
graviton's soft theorem. In contrast to the subsubleading soft behavior of
gravitons and dilatons, we show that the soft behavior of B-fields at this
order cannot be fully fixed by gauge invariance. Nevertheless, we show that it
is possible to establish a gauge invariant decomposition of the amplitudes to
any order in the soft expansion. We check explicitly the new soft theorem in
the bosonic string and in Type II superstring theories, and furthermore
demonstrate that, at the next order in the soft expansion, totally gauge
invariant terms appear in both string theories which cannot be factorized into
a soft theorem.Comment: 27 pages, 1 figur
Disassembling the Clockwork Mechanism

The clockwork mechanism is a means of naturally generating exponential
hierarchies in theories without significant hierarchies among fundamental
parameters. We emphasize the role of interactions in the clockwork mechanism,
demonstrating that clockwork is an intrinsically abelian phenomenon precluded
in non-abelian theories such as Yang-Mills, non-linear sigma models, and
gravity. We also show that clockwork is not realized in extra-dimensional
theories through purely geometric effects, but may be generated by appropriate
localization of zero modes.Comment: 30 pages plus appendices, 4 figures. v2: Clarifications, minor
  changes, and comment on 1705.10162 added. Conclusions unchange
The hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $g-2$ from
  lattice QCD

We present a calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to
the muon anomalous magnetic moment, $a_\mu^{\mathrm hvp}$, in lattice QCD
employing dynamical up and down quarks. We focus on controlling the infrared
regime of the vacuum polarization function. To this end we employ several
complementary approaches, including Pad\'e fits, time moments and the
time-momentum representation. We correct our results for finite-volume effects
by combining the Gounaris-Sakurai parameterization of the timelike pion form
factor with the L\"uscher formalism. On a subset of our ensembles we have
derived an upper bound on the magnitude of quark-disconnected diagrams and
found that they decrease the estimate for $a_\mu^{\mathrm hvp}$ by at most 2%.
Our final result is $a_\mu^{\mathrm hvp}=(654\pm32\,{}^{+21}_{-23})\cdot
10^{-10}$, where the first error is statistical, and the second denotes the
combined systematic uncertainty. Based on our findings we discuss the prospects
for determining $a_\mu^{\mathrm hvp}$ with sub-percent precision.Comment: 42 pages, 7 figures, version published in JHE
Effective Theories for 2+1 Dimensional Non-Abelian Topological Spin
  Liquids

In this work we propose an effective low-energy theory for a large class of
2+1 dimensional non-Abelian topological spin liquids whose edge states are
conformal degrees of freedom with central charges corresponding to the coset
structure $su(2)_k\oplus su(2)_{k'}/su(2)_{k+k'}$. For particular values of
$k'$ it furnishes the series for unitary minimal and superconformal models.
These gapped phases were recently suggested to be obtained from an array of
one-dimensional coupled quantum wires. In doing so we provide an explicit
relationship between two distinct approaches: quantum wires and Chern-Simons
bulk theory. We firstly make a direct connection between the interacting
quantum wires and the corresponding conformal field theory at the edges, which
turns out to be given in terms of chiral gauged WZW models. Relying on the
bulk-edge correspondence we are able to construct the underlying non-Abelian
Chern-Simons effective field theory.Comment: 41 pages, 5 figures, typos corrected, references added, published
  versio
SO(N) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions: glueball spectra and confinement

We calculate the spectrum of light glueballs and the string tension in a
number of SO(N) lattice gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions, with N in the range
from N=3 to N=16. After extrapolating to the continuum limit and then to N=oo
we compare to the spectrum and string tension of the SU(N=oo) gauge theory and
find that the most reliably and precisely calculated physical quantities are
consistent in that limit. We also compare the glueball spectra of those pairs
of SO(N) and SU(N') theories that possess the same Lie algebra, i.e. SO(3) and
SU(2), SO(4) and SU(2)xSU(2), SO(6) and SU(4), and find that for the very
lightest glueballs the spectra are consistent within each such pair, as are the
string tensions and the couplings. Where there are apparent discrepancies they
are typically for heavier glueballs, where the systematic errors are much
harder to control. We calculate the SO(N) string tensions with a particular
focus on the confining properties of SO(2N+1) theories which, unlike SO(2N)
theories, possess a trivial centre. We find that for both the light glueballs
and for the string tension SO(2N) and SO(2N+1) gauge theories appear to form a
single smooth sequence.Comment: 99 pages, 32 figures, new SO6 calculations, others revised; more on
  confinement; mass estimates graded for reliabilit
Non-extremal superdescendants of the D1D5 CFT

We construct solutions of IIB supergravity dual to non-supersymmetric states
of the D1D5 system. These solutions are constructed as perturbations carrying
both left and right moving momentum around the maximally rotating D1D5 ground
state at linear order. They are found by extending to the asymptotically flat
region the geometry generated in the decoupling limit by the action of left and
right R-currents on a known D1D5 microstate. The perturbations are regular
everywhere and do not carry any global charge. We also study the near-extremal
limit of the solutions and derive the first non-trivial correction to the
extremal geometry.Comment: 25 page
On non-abelian T-duality and deformations of supercoset string
  sigma-models

We elaborate on the class of deformed T-dual (DTD) models obtained by first
adding a topological term to the action of a supercoset sigma model and then
performing (non-abelian) T-duality on a subalgebra $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$ of
the superisometry algebra. These models inherit the classical integrability of
the parent one, and they include as special cases the so-called homogeneous
Yang-Baxter sigma models as well as their non-abelian T-duals. Many properties
of DTD models have simple algebraic interpretations. For example we show that
their (non-abelian) T-duals---including certain deformations---are again in the
same class, where $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$ gets enlarged or shrinks by adding or
removing generators corresponding to the dualised isometries. Moreover, we show
that Weyl invariance of these models is equivalent to $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$
being unimodular; when this property is not satisfied one can always remove one
generator to obtain a unimodular $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$, which is equivalent to
(formal) T-duality. We also work out the target space superfields and, as a
by-product, we prove the conjectured transformation law for Ramond-Ramond (RR)
fields under bosonic non-abelian T-duality of supercosets, generalising it to
cases involving also fermionic T-dualities.Comment: 25 pages. Comments added. Published versio
Holographic Butterfly Effect at Quantum Critical Points

When the Lyapunov exponent $\lambda_L$ in a quantum chaotic system saturates
the bound $\lambda_L\leqslant 2\pi k_BT$, it is proposed that this system has a
holographic dual described by a gravity theory. In particular, the butterfly
effect as a prominent phenomenon of chaos can ubiquitously exist in a black
hole system characterized by a shockwave solution near the horizon. In this
paper we propose that the butterfly velocity can be used to diagnose quantum
phase transition (QPT) in holographic theories. We provide evidences for this
proposal with an anisotropic holographic model exhibiting metal-insulator
transitions (MIT), in which the derivatives of the butterfly velocity with
respect to system parameters characterizes quantum critical points (QCP) with
local extremes in zero temperature limit. We also point out that this proposal
can be tested by experiments in the light of recent progress on the measurement
of out-of-time-order correlation function (OTOC).Comment: 7 figures, 15 page
Strings from Massive Higher Spins: The Asymptotic Uniqueness of the
  Veneziano Amplitude

We consider weakly-coupled theories of massive higher-spin particles. This
class of models includes, for instance, tree-level String Theory and Large-N
Yang-Mills theory. The S-matrix in such theories is a meromorphic function
obeying unitarity and crossing symmetry. We discuss the (unphysical) regime
$s,t \gg 1$, in which we expect the amplitude to be universal and exponentially
large. We develop methods to study this regime and show that the amplitude
necessarily coincides with the Veneziano amplitude there. In particular, this
implies that the leading Regge trajectory, $j(t)$, is asymptotically linear in
Yang-Mills theory. Further, our analysis shows that any such theory of
higher-spin particles has stringy excitations and infinitely many
asymptotically parallel subleading trajectories. More generally, we argue that,
under some assumptions, any theory with at least one higher-spin particle must
have strings.Comment: 44 pages, 5 figure
Universal spacetimes in four dimensions

Universal spacetimes are exact solutions to all higher-order theories of
gravity. We study these spacetimes in four dimensions and provide necessary and
sufficient conditions for universality for all Petrov types except of type II.
We show that all universal spacetimes in four dimensions are algebraically
special and Kundt. Petrov type D universal spacetimes are necessarily direct
products of two 2-spaces of constant and equal curvature. Furthermore, type II
universal spacetimes necessarily possess a null recurrent direction and they
admit the above type D direct product metrics as a limit. Such spacetimes
represent gravitational waves propagating on these backgrounds. Type III
universal spacetimes are also investigated. We determine necessary and
sufficient conditions for universality and present an explicit example of a
type III universal Kundt non-recurrent metric.Comment: 20 pages, Introduction and Conclusions slightly extended, Table 1
  added. Matches published versio
A full analytic solution of $SO(10)$-inspired leptogenesis

Recent encouraging experimental results on neutrino mixing parameters prompt
further investigation on $SO(10)$-inspired leptogenesis and on the associated
strong thermal solution that has correctly predicted a non-vanishing reactor
mixing angle, it further predicts $\sin\delta \lesssim 0$, now supported by
recent results at $\sim 95\%$ C.L., normally ordered neutrino masses and
atmospheric mixing angle in the first octant, best fit results in latest global
analyses. Extending a recent analytical procedure, we account for the mismatch
between the Yukawa basis and the weak basis, that in $SO(10)$-inspired models
is described by a CKM-like unitary transformation $V_L$, obtaining a full
analytical solution that provides useful insight and reproduces accurately all
numerical results, paving the way for future inclusion of different sources of
theoretical uncertainties and for a statistical analysis of the constraints. We
show how muon-dominated solutions appear for large values of the lightest
neutrino mass in the range $(0.01$--$1)\,{\rm eV}$ but also how they
necessarily require a mild fine tuning in the seesaw relation. For the dominant
(and untuned) tauon-dominated solutions we show how, turning on $V_L \simeq
V_{CKM}$, some of the constraints on the low energy neutrino parameters get
significantly relaxed. In particular we show how the upper bound on the
atmospheric neutrino mixing angle in the strong thermal solution gets relaxed
from $\theta_{23} \lesssim 41^{\circ}$ to $\theta_{23} \lesssim 44^{\circ}$, an
important effect in the light of the most recent NO$\nu$A, T2K and IceCube
results.Comment: 34 pages, 4 figures; v2: matches JHEP versio
Non-global and rapidity logarithms in narrow jet broadening

We derive an all-order factorization theorem for the narrow jet broadening
event shape, a measure of the transverse momentum in jet events. This is a
non-global observable which receives logarithmically enhanced contributions
associated with the large rapidity difference between soft and collinear
radiation and which is also sensitive to soft recoil effects. Our work is the
first factorization analysis of an observable of this type and we show that
with regard to the non-global nature, the rapidity logarithms do not constitute
an essential complication since they can be tied to the jet function, which is
the same as for global observables. As a consequence, the leading non-global
logarithms in narrow jet broadening are encoded in the same overall factor
relevant for the hemisphere soft function and light jet mass.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figur
Subleading Power Factorization in $\bar B \to X_s \ell^+\ell^-$

We analyze the factorization to subleading power in the flavor changing
neutral current process $\bar B\to X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$. In particular, we
compute the so-called resolved contributions and explore the numerical impact
on observables. In these contributions the virtual photon couples to light
partons instead of connecting directly to the effective weak-interaction
vertex. They represent an irreducible uncertainty in the inclusive $\bar B \to
X_s \ell^+ \ell^-$ decay which cannot be removed by relaxing the experimentally
necessary cuts in the hadronic mass spectrum.Comment: 32 pages,18 figure
Heterotic Instanton Superpotentials from Complete Intersection
  Calabi-Yau Manifolds

We study Pfaffians that appear in non-perturbative superpotential terms
arising from worldsheet instantons in heterotic theories. A result by Beasley
and Witten shows that these instanton contributions cancel among curves within
a given homology class for Calabi-Yau manifolds that can be described as
hypersurfaces or complete intersections in projective or toric ambient spaces.
We provide a prescription that identifies all $\mathbb{P}^1$ curves in certain
homology classes of complete intersection Calabi-Yau manifolds in products of
projective spaces (CICYs) and cross-check our results by a comparison with the
genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants. We then use this construction to study
instanton superpotentials on those manifolds and their quotients. We identify a
non-toric quotient of a non-favorable CICY with a single genus zero curve in a
certain homology class, so that a cancellation \`a la Beasley-Witten is not
possible. In another example, we study a non-toric quotient of a favorable CICY
and check that the superpotential still vanishes. From this and related
examples, we conjecture that the Beasley-Witten cancellation result can be
extended to toric and non-toric quotients of CICYs, but can be avoided if the
CICY is non-favorable.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figure
Non-Connected Gauge Groups and the Plethystic Program

We present in the context of supersymmetric gauge theories an extension of
the Weyl integration formula, first discovered by Robert Wendt, which applies
to a class of non-connected Lie groups. This allows to count in a systematic
way gauge-invariant chiral operators for these non-connected gauge groups.
Applying this technique to $\mathrm{O}(n)$, we obtain, via the ADHM
construction, the Hilbert series for certain instanton moduli spaces. We
validate our general method and check our results via a Coulomb branch
computation, using three-dimensional mirror symmetry
Time evolution of entanglement for holographic steady state formation

Within gauge/gravity duality, we consider the local quench-like time
evolution obtained by joining two 1+1-dimensional heat baths at different
temperatures at time t=0. A steady state forms and expands in space. For the
2+1-dimensional gravity dual, we find that the shockwaves expanding the
steady-state region are of spacelike nature in the bulk despite being null at
the boundary. However, they do not transport information. Moreover, by adapting
the time-dependent Hubeny-Rangamani-Takayanagi prescription, we holographically
calculate the entanglement entropy and also the mutual information for
different entangling regions. For general temperatures, we find that the
entanglement entropy increase rate satisfies the same bound as in the
"entanglement tsunami" setups. For small temperatures of the two baths, we
derive an analytical formula for the time dependence of the entanglement
entropy. This replaces the entanglement tsunami-like behaviour seen for high
temperatures. Finally, we check that strong subadditivity holds in this
time-dependent system, as well as further more general entanglement
inequalities for five or more regions recently derived for the static case.Comment: 57 pages, 25 figures. v2: Minor revisions and references added. v3:
  Referee's comments included. The numerical codes described in this paper are
  available in the ancillary files directory (anc/) of this submissio