pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Construction of action for heterotic string field theory including the
  Ramond sector

Extending the formulation for open superstring field theory given in
arXiv:1508.00366, we attempt to construct a complete action for heterotic
string field theory. The action is non-polynomial in the Ramond string field
Psi, and we construct it order by order in Psi. Using a dual formulation in
which the role of eta and Q is exchanged, the action is explicitly obtained at
the quadratic and quartic order in Psi with the gauge transformations.Comment: 44pages; ver2: Modification for one of the author's address; ver3:
  appendix B is added (50 pages in total); ver4: typos are correcte
On the strength of the $U_A(1)$ anomaly at the chiral phase transition
  in $N_f=2$ QCD

We study the thermal transition of QCD with two degenerate light flavours by
lattice simulations using $O(a)$-improved Wilson quarks. Temperature scans are
performed at a fixed value of $N_t = (aT)^{-1}=16$, where $a$ is the lattice
spacing and $T$ the temperature, at three fixed zero-temperature pion masses
between 200 MeV and 540 MeV. In this range we find that the transition is
consistent with a broad crossover. As a probe of the restoration of chiral
symmetry, we study the static screening spectrum. We observe a degeneracy
between the transverse isovector vector and axial-vector channels starting from
the transition temperature. Particularly striking is the strong reduction of
the splitting between isovector scalar and pseudoscalar screening masses around
the chiral phase transition by at least a factor of three compared to its value
at zero temperature. In fact, the splitting is consistent with zero within our
uncertainties. This disfavours a chiral phase transition in the $O(4)$
universality class.Comment: 46 pages, 16 figure, 12 tables; v2: typos corrected; enhanced
  explanations and discussions; included study of systematic effects for the
  extraction of screening masses; conclusions unchanged; new version to match
  published versio
Amplitudes, recursion relations and unitarity in the Abelian Higgs Model

The Abelian Higgs model forms an essential part of the electroweak standard
model: it is the sector containing only Z and Higgs bosons. We present a
diagram-based proof of the tree-level unitarity of this model inside the
unitary gauge, where only physical degrees of freedom occur. We derive
combinatorial recursion relations for off-shell amplitudes in the massless
approximation, which allows us to prove the cancellation of the first two
orders in energy of unitarity-violating high-energy behaviour for any
tree-level amplitude in this model. We describe a deformation of the amplitudes
by extending the physical phase space to at least 7 spacetime dimensions, which
leads to on-shell recursion relations a la BCFW. These lead to a simple proof
that all on-shell tree amplitudes obey partial-wave unitarity.Comment: 15 page
M5-Brane and D-Brane Scattering Amplitudes

We present tree-level $n$-particle on-shell scattering amplitudes of various
brane theories with $16$ conserved supercharges. These include the world-volume
theory of a probe D3-brane or D5-brane in 10D Minkowski spacetime as well as a
probe M5-brane in 11D Minkowski spacetime, which describes self interactions of
an abelian tensor supermultiplet with 6D $(2,0)$ supersymmetry.
Twistor-string-like formulas are proposed for tree-level scattering amplitudes
of all multiplicities for each of these theories. The R symmetry of the
D3-brane theory is shown to be $SU(4) \times U(1)$, and the $U(1)$ factor
implies that its amplitudes are helicity conserving. Each of 6D theories
(D5-brane and M5-brane) reduces to the D3-brane theory by dimensional
reduction. As special cases of the general M5-brane amplitudes, we present
compact formulas for examples involving only the self-dual $B$ field with
$n=4,6,8$.Comment: 58 pages, 2 figures. v2: minor corrections, references added; v3:
  references added, matches published JHEP versio
The Kerr-Schild double copy in curved spacetime

The double copy is a much-studied relationship between scattering amplitudes
in gauge and gravity theories, that has subsequently been extended to classical
field solutions. In nearly all previous examples, the graviton field is defined
around Minkowski space. Recently, it has been suggested that one may set up a
double copy for gravitons defined around a non-trivial background. We
investigate this idea from the point of view of the classical double copy.
First, we use Kerr-Schild spacetimes to construct graviton solutions in curved
space, as double copies of gauge fields on non-zero gauge backgrounds. Next, we
find that we can reinterpret such cases in terms of a graviton on a
non-Minkowski background, whose single copy is a gauge field in the same
background spacetime. The latter type of double copy persists even when the
background is not of Kerr-Schild form, and we provide examples involving
conformally flat metrics. Our results will be useful in extending the remit of
the double copy, including to possible cosmological applications.Comment: 25 pages, 2 figure
Complex three-form supergravity and membranes

There exist two variants of the old minimal formulation for ${\cal N}=1$
supergravity in four dimensions, in which one or each of the two auxiliary
scalars is replaced by the field strength of a gauge three-form. These theories
are known as three-form supergravity and complex three-form supergravity,
respectively. For each of them, we present a super-Weyl invariant coupling of
supergravity to the supermembrane and prove kappa-invariance of the resulting
action. In the case of three-form supergravity, we demonstrate that the action
constructed reduces to that given by Ovrut and Waldram twenty years ago upon
imposing a super-Weyl gauge in which the compensating three-form superfield is
set to a constant.Comment: 22 page
Coulomb Artifacts and Breakdown of Perturbative Matching in Lattice
  NRQCD

By studying an explicit analytical solution of the Coulomb problem on the
lattice we demonstrate a breakdown of perturbative matching for the description
of the Coulomb artifacts in lattice NRQCD, which leads to a large systematic
error in the predictions for the heavy quarkonium spectrum. The breakdown is a
result of a fine interplay between the short and long distance effects specific
to the lattice regularization of NRQCD. We show how the problem can be solved
within the Schrodinger matching procedure.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure. Journal version (minor revisions implemented
The decay constants ${\mathbf{f_D}}$ and ${\mathbf{f_{D_{s}}}}$ in the
  continuum limit of ${\mathbf{N_f=2+1}}$ domain wall lattice QCD

We present results for the decay constants of the $D$ and $D_s$ mesons
computed in lattice QCD with $N_f=2+1$ dynamical flavours. The simulations are
based on RBC/UKQCD's domain wall ensembles with both physical and unphysical
light-quark masses and lattice spacings in the range 0.11--0.07$\,$fm. We
employ the domain wall discretisation for all valence quarks.
  The results in the continuum limit are
$f_D=208.7(2.8)_\mathrm{stat}\left(^{+2.1}_{-1.8}\right)_\mathrm{sys}\,\mathrm{MeV}$
and
$f_{D_{s}}=246.4(1.3)_\mathrm{stat}\left(^{+1.3}_{-1.9}\right)_\mathrm{sys}\,\mathrm{MeV}$
and
$f_{D_s}/f_D=1.1667(77)_\mathrm{stat}\left(^{+57}_{-43}\right)_\mathrm{sys}$.
Using these results in a Standard Model analysis we compute the predictions
$|V_{cd}|=0.2185(50)_\mathrm{exp}\left(^{+35}_{-37}\right)_\mathrm{lat}$ and
$|V_{cs}|=1.011(16)_\mathrm{exp}\left(^{+4}_{-9}\right)_\mathrm{lat}$ for the
CKM matrix elements
Euclidean Supergravity

Supergravity with eight supercharges in a four-dimensional Euclidean space is
constructed at the full non-linear level by performing an off-shell time-like
reduction of five-dimensional supergravity. The resulting four-dimensional
theory is realized off-shell with the Weyl, vector and tensor supermultiplets
and a corresponding multiplet calculus. Hypermultiplets are included as well,
but they are themselves only realized with on-shell supersymmetry. The
off-shell reduction leads to a full understanding of the Euclidean theory. A
complete multiplet calculus is presented along the lines of the Minkowskian
theory. Unlike in Minkowski space, chiral and anti-chiral multiplets are real
and supersymmetric actions are generally unbounded from below. Precisely as in
the Minkowski case, where one has different formulations of Poincar\'e
supergravity by introducing different compensating supermultiplets, one can
also obtain different versions of Euclidean supergravity.Comment: 42 page
Relativistic corrections to light-cone distribution amplitudes of S-wave
  $B_c$ mesons and heavy quarkonia

In collinear factorization, light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) are
key ingredients to calculate the production rate of a hadron in high energy
exclusive processes. For a doubly-heavy meson system (such as $B_c, J/\psi,
\Upsilon$ etc), the LCDAs contain perturbative scales that can be integrated
out and then are re-factorized into products of perturbatively calculable
distribution parts and non-relativistic QCD matrix elements. In this
re-factorization scheme, the LCDAs are known at next-to-leading order in the
strong coupling constant $\alpha_s$ and at leading order in the velocity
expansion. In this work, we calculate the ${\cal O}( { v}^2)$ corrections to
twist-2 LCDAs of S-wave $B_c$ mesons. These results are applicable to heavy
quarkonia like $\eta_{c,b}$, $J/\psi$ and $\Upsilon$ by setting $m_b=m_c$. We
apply these relativistically corrected LCDAs to study their inverse moments and
a few Gegenbauer moments which are important for phenomenological study. We
point out that the relativistic corrections are sizable, and comparable with
the next-to-leading order radiative corrections. These results for LCDAs are
useful in future theoretical analyses of the productions of heavy quarkonia and
$B_c$ mesons.Comment: 18 pages, 1 figure, 2 table
Conformal Bootstrap in the Regge Limit

We analytically solve the conformal bootstrap equations in the Regge limit
for large N conformal field theories. For theories with a parametrically large
gap, the amplitude is dominated by spin-2 exchanges and we show how the
crossing equations naturally lead to the construction of AdS exchange Witten
diagrams. We also show how this is encoded in the anomalous dimensions of
double-trace operators of large spin and large twist. We use the chaos bound to
prove that the anomalous dimensions are negative. Extending these results to
correlators containing two scalars and two conserved currents, we show how to
reproduce the CEMZ constraint that the three-point function between two
currents and one stress tensor only contains the structure given by
Einstein-Maxwell theory in AdS, up to small corrections. Finally, we consider
the case where operators of unbounded spin contribute to the Regge amplitude,
whose net effect is captured by summing the leading Regge trajectory. We
compute the resulting anomalous dimensions and corrections to OPE coefficients
in the crossed channel and use the chaos bound to show that both are negative.Comment: 40 pages, 1 figure; V2: Small corrections and clarification
High order perturbation theory for difference equations and Borel
  summability of quantum mirror curves

We adapt the Bender-Wu algorithm to solve perturbatively but very efficiently
the eigenvalue problem of "relativistic" quantum mechanical problems whose
Hamiltonians are difference operators of the exponential-polynomial type. We
implement the algorithm in the function BWDifference in the updated Mathematica
package BenderWu. With the help of BWDifference, we survey quantum mirror
curves of toric fano Calabi-Yau threefolds, and find strong evidence that not
only are the perturbative eigenenergies of the associated 1d quantum mechanical
problems Borel summable, but also that the Borel sums are exact.Comment: 39 pages, 4 figures, and 4 tables. Bundled with the source files of
  this document are the Mathematica notebooks for the package BenderWu,
  including the new function BWDifferenc
Reflection states in Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra and brane-web for D-type
  quiver

Reflection states are introduced in the vertical and horizontal modules of
the Ding-Iohara-Miki (DIM) algebra (quantum toroidal $\mathfrak{gl}_1$). Webs
of DIM representations are in correspondence with $(p,q)$-web diagrams of type
IIB string theory, under the identification of the algebraic intertwiner of
Awata, Feigin and Shiraishi with the refined topological vertex. Extending the
correspondence to the vertical reflection states, it is possible to engineer
the $\mathcal{N}=1$ quiver gauge theory of D-type (with unitary gauge groups).
In this way, the Nekrasov instanton partition function is reproduced from the
evaluation of expectation values of intertwiners. This computation leads to the
identification of the vertical reflection state with the orientifold plane of
string theory. We also provide a translation of this construction in the
Iqbal-Kozcaz-Vafa refined topological vertex formalism.Comment: 27 pages, 11 figures. Details of translation in terms of IKV refined
  topological vertex added in the second versio
Quaternion-K\"ahler N=4 Supersymmetric Mechanics

Using the N=4, 1D harmonic superspace approach, we construct a new type of
N=4 supersymmetric mechanics involving 4n-dimensional Quaternion-K\"ahler (QK)
1D sigma models as the bosonic core. The basic ingredients of our construction
are {\it local} N=4, 1D supersymmetry realized by the appropriate
transformations in 1D harmonic superspace, the general N=4, 1D superfield
vielbein and a set of 2(n+1) analytic "matter" superfields representing (n+1)
off-shell supermultiplets (4, 4, 0). Both superfield and component actions are
given for the simplest QK models with the manifolds \mathbb{H}H^n =
Sp(1,n)/[Sp(1) x Sp(n)] and \mathbb{H}P^n = Sp(1+n)/[Sp(1) x Sp(n)] as the
bosonic targets. For the general case the relevant superfield action and
constraints on the (4, 4, 0) "matter" superfields are presented. Further
generalizations are briefly discussed.Comment: further minor corrections in eqs. (2.21), (4.24) and (A9
Janus solutions in six-dimensional gauged supergravity

Motivated by an analysis of the sub-superalgebras of the five-dimensional
superconformal algebra $F(4)$, we search for the holographic duals to
co-dimension one superconformal defects in 5d CFTs which have $SO(4,2) \oplus
U(1)$ bosonic symmetry. In particular, we look for domain wall solutions to
six-dimensional $F(4)$ gauged supergravity coupled to a single vector
multiplet. It is found that supersymmetric domain wall solutions do not exist
unless there is a non-trivial profile for one of the vector multiplet scalars
which is charged under the gauged $SU(2)$ R-symmetry. This non-trivial profile
breaks the $SU(2)$ to $U(1)$, thus matching expectations from the superalgebra
analysis. A consistent set of BPS equations is then obtained and solved
numerically. While the numerical solutions are generically singular and thought
to be dual to boundary CFTs, it is found that for certain fine-tuned choices of
parameters regular Janus solutions may be obtained.Comment: 35 pages, pdf-latex, 9 figures. v2: minor corrections, reference
  adde
Study of $B^+_c$ decays to the $K^+K^-\pi^+$ final state by using
  $B^0_s$, $\chi_{c0}$ and $D^0$ resonances and weak annihilation nonresonant
  topologys

In this research the weak decay of $B^+_c$ decays to the $K^+K^-\pi^+$ final
state, which is observed by LHCb collaboration for the first time, is
calculated in the quasi-two-body decays which takes into account the $B^0_s$,
$\chi_{c0}$ and $D^0$ resonances and weak annihilation nonresonant
contributions. In this process, the $B^+_c$ meson decays first into
$B^0_s\pi^+$, $\chi_{c0}\pi^+$ and $D^0\pi^+$ intermediate states, and then the
$B^0_s$, $\chi_{c0}$ and $D^0$ resonances decay into $K^+K^-$ components, which
undergo final state interaction. The mode of the $B^+_c\rightarrow
D^0(\rightarrow K^-\pi^+)K^+$ is also associated to the calculation, in this
mode the intermediate resonance $D^0$ decays to the $K^-\pi^+$ final mesons.
The resonances $B^0_s$, $\chi_{c0}$ and $D^0$ effects in the $B^+_c\rightarrow
B^0_s(\rightarrow K^+K^-)\pi^+$, $B^+_c\rightarrow \chi_{c0}(\rightarrow
K^+K^-)\pi^+$ and $B^+_c\rightarrow D^0(\rightarrow K^+K^-)\pi^+,
D^0(\rightarrow K^-\pi^+)K^+$ decays are described in terms of the
quasi-two-body modes. There is a weak annihilation nonresonant contribution in
which $B^+_c$ decays to the $K^+K^-\pi^+$ directly, so the point-like 3-body
matrix element $\langle K^+K^-\pi^+|u\bar{d}|0\rangle$ is also considered. The
decay mode of the $B^+_c\rightarrow \bar{K}^{*0}(892)K^+$ is contributed to the
annihilation contribution. The branching ratios of quasi-two-body decays expand
in the range from $1.98\times10^{-6}$ to $7.32\times10^{-6}$
Five-Brane Webs and Highest Weight Representations

We consider BPS-counting functions $\mathcal{Z}_{N,M}$ of $N$ parallel
M5-branes probing a transverse $\mathbb{Z}_M$ orbifold geometry. These brane
web configurations can be dualised into a class of toric non-compact Calabi-Yau
threefolds which have the structure of an elliptic fibration over (affine)
$A_{N-1}$. We make this symmetry of $\mathcal{Z}_{N,M}$ manifest in particular
regions of the parameter space of the setup: we argue that for specific choices
of the deformation parameters, the supercharges of the system acquire
particular holonomy charges which lead to infinitely many cancellations among
states contributing to the partition function. The resulting (simplified)
$\mathcal{Z}_{N,M}$ can be written as a sum over weights forming a single
irreducible representation of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{a}_{N-1}$ (or its
affine counterpart). We show this behaviour explicitly for an extensive list of
examples for specific values of $(N,M)$ and generalise the arising pattern for
generic configurations. Finally, for a particular compact M5-brane setup we use
this form of the partition function to make the duality $N\leftrightarrow M$
manifest.Comment: 70 page
Prompt neutrinos from atmospheric charm in the general-mass
  variable-flavor-number scheme

We present predictions for the prompt-neutrino flux arising from the decay of
charmed mesons and baryons produced by the interactions of high-energy cosmic
rays in the Earth's atmosphere, making use of a QCD approach on the basis of
the general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme for the description of charm
hadroproduction at NLO, complemented by a consistent set of fragmentation
functions. We compare the theoretical results to those already obtained by our
and other groups with different theoretical approaches. We provide comparisons
with the experimental results obtained by the IceCube Collaboration in two
different analyses and we discuss the implications for parton distribution
functions.Comment: 43 pages, 21 figures, updated version, to be published in JHE
Neutrino Mixing and Leptonic CP Violation from $S_4$ Flavour and
  Generalised CP Symmetries

We consider a class of models of neutrino mixing with $S_4$ lepton flavour
symmetry combined with a generalised CP symmetry, which are broken to residual
$Z_2$ and $Z_2 \times H^\nu_{\rm CP}$ symmetries in the charged lepton and
neutrino sectors, respectively, $H^\nu_{\rm CP}$ being a remnant CP symmetry of
the neutrino Majorana mass term. In this set-up the neutrino mixing angles and
CP violation (CPV) phases of the neutrino mixing matrix depend on three real
parameters - two angles and a phase. We classify all phenomenologically viable
mixing patterns and derive predictions for the Dirac and Majorana CPV phases.
Further, we use the results obtained on the neutrino mixing angles and leptonic
CPV phases to derive predictions for the effective Majorana mass in
neutrinoless double beta decay.Comment: 56 pages, includes 16 figures and 8 tables; the discussion on the
  possibility to discriminate experimentally between the different cases
  extended and a new related figure added; the discussion of neutrinoless
  double beta decay extended; references added; typos corrected; matches
  version published in JHE
Hyperscaling violation, quasinormal modes and shear diffusion

We study quasinormal modes of shear gravitational perturbations for
hyperscaling violating Lifshitz theories, with Lifshitz and hyperscaling
violating exponents $z$ and $\theta$. The lowest quasinormal mode frequency
yields a shear diffusion constant which is in agreement with that obtained in
previous work by other methods. In particular for theories with $z<
d_i+2-\theta$ where $d_i$ is the boundary spatial dimension, the shear
diffusion constant exhibits power-law scaling with temperature, while for
$z=d_i+2-\theta$, it exhibits logarithmic scaling. We then calculate certain
2-point functions of the dual energy-momentum tensor holographically for $z\leq
d_i+2-\theta$, identifying the diffusive poles with the quasinormal modes
above. This reveals universal behaviour $\eta/s=1/4\pi$ for the
viscosity-to-entropy-density ratio for all $z\leq d_i+2-\theta$.Comment: v2: Latex, 21pgs, more details of analysis, review of shear diffusion
  from membrane paradigm, references added, matches version to be publishe
Evidence for the $H \to b\bar{b}$ decay with the ATLAS detector

A search for the decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a $b\bar{b}$
pair when produced in association with a $W$ or $Z$ boson is performed with the
ATLAS detector. The analysed data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of
36.1 fb$^{-1}$, were collected in proton-proton collisions in Run 2 of the
Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. Final states
containing zero, one and two charged leptons (electrons or muons) are
considered, targeting the decays $Z\to\nu\nu$, $W\to\ell\nu$ and
$Z\to\ell\ell$. For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, an excess of events over the
expected background from other Standard Model processes is found with an
observed significance of 3.5 standard deviations, compared to an expectation of
3.0 standard deviations. This excess provides evidence for the Higgs boson
decay into $b$-quarks and for its production in association with a vector
boson. The combination of this result with that of the Run 1 analysis yields a
ratio of the measured signal events to the Standard Model expectation equal to
$0.90 \pm 0.18 \rm{(stat.)} ^{+0.21}_{-0.19} \rm{(syst.)}$. Assuming the
Standard Model production cross-section, the results are consistent with the
value of the Yukawa coupling to $b$-quarks in the Standard Model.Comment: 68 pages in total, author list starting page 52, 13 figures, 15
  tables, submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are
  available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2016-29/. This
  version matches submission to JHE
Bose-Einstein correlations of same-sign charged pions in the forward region in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 7 TeV$

Bose-Einstein correlations of same-sign charged pions, produced in proton-proton collisions at a 7 TeV centre-of-mass energy, are studied using a data sample collected by the LHCb experiment. The signature for Bose-Einstein correlations is observed in the form of an enhancement of pairs of like-sign charged pions with small four-momentum difference squared. The charged-particle multiplicity dependence of the Bose-Einstein correlation parameters describing the correlation strength and the size of the emitting source is investigated, determining both the correlation radius and the chaoticity parameter. The measured correlation radius is found to increase as a function of increasing charged-particle multiplicity, while the chaoticity parameter is seen to decrease