pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Application of RAPID Guidance on an International Policy

As higher level in terms of geo-political integration policy making goes as larger the impact of policies and consequently benefits and hazards related to policies can be. In the globalized world nations states give up their policy making roles on certain areas of policy making to higher, international or transnational level of policy making. Therefore a policy risk assessment tool should be able to assess risks related to such international or transnational policies and strategies. Previous chapters of this book described development of RAPID guidance both top-down and bottom-up methodology on level of national policies. This sub-chapter is going to discuss testing of the top-down RAPID guidance on level of a European Union (EU) policy. The EU Health Strategy 2008-2013 "Together for health" was subjected to the assessment after a negotiation process with the Executive Agency for health and Consumers (EAHC) and the Directorate for health and consumer protection (DG SANCO) of the European Commission. The main objective of testing the developed policy risk assessment tool on a real case on international level was to identify weaknesses and missing elements which could be applicable on international level, but not necessarily relevant on national level policies. The chapter describes results of this testing.
Measurement of the top quark pair production charge asymmetry in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

This paper presents a measurement of the top quark pair () production charge asymmetry A (C) using 4.7 fb(-1) of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy root s = 7 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. A -enriched sample of events with a single lepton (electron or muon), missing transverse momentum and at least four high transverse momentum jets, of which at least one is tagged as coming from a b-quark, is selected. A likelihood fit is used to reconstruct the event kinematics. A Bayesian unfolding procedure is employed to estimate A (C) at the parton-level. The measured value of the production charge asymmetry is A (C) = 0.006 +/- 0.010, where the uncertainty includes both the statistical and the systematic components. Differential A (C) measurements as a function of the invariant mass, the rapidity and the transverse momentum of the system are also presented. In addition, A (C) is measured for a subset of events with large velocity, where physics beyond the Standard Model could contribute. All measurements are consistent with the Standard Model predictions.<p>ATLAS Collaboration, for complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP02(2014)107</p
Formation of an unusually short hydrogen bond in photoactive yellow protein.

The photoactive chromophore of photoactive yellow protein (PYP) is p-coumaric acid (pCA). In the ground state, the pCA chromophore exists as a phenolate anion, which is H-bonded by protonated Glu46 (O(Glu46)-O(pCA)=~2.6Å) and protonated Tyr42. On the other hand, the O(Glu46)-O(pCA) H-bond was unusually short (O(Glu46)-O(pCA)=2.47Å) in the intermediate pR(CW) state observed in time-resolved Laue diffraction studies. To understand how the existence of the unusually short H-bond is energetically possible, we analyzed the H-bond energetics adopting a quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) approach based on the atomic coordinates of the PYP crystal structures. In QM/MM calculations, the O(Glu46)-O(pCA) bond is 2.60Å in the ground state, where Tyr42 donates an H-bond to pCA. In contrast, when the hydroxyl group of Tyr42 is flipped away from pCA, the H-bond was significantly shortened to 2.49Å in the ground state. The same H-bond pattern reproduced the unusually short H-bond in the pR(CW) structure (O(Glu46)-O(pCA)=2.49Å). Intriguingly, the potential-energy profile resembles that of a single-well H-bond, suggesting that the pK(a) values of the donor (Glu46) and acceptor (pCA) moieties are nearly equal. The present results indicate that the "equal pK(a)" requirement for formation of single-well or low-barrier H-bond (LBHB) is satisfied only when Tyr42 does not donate an H-bond to pCA, and argue against the possibility that the O(Glu46)-O(pCA) bond is an LBHB in the ground state, where Tyr42 donates an H-bond to pCA
A 3D velocity model for earthquake location in Campi Flegrei area: application to the 1982-84 uplift event

The uplift crisis of the 1982-1984 in the Campi Flegrei area underlined
the importance of seismic surveillance for this volcanic caldera. One of the
key elements for an effective seismic network is to make use of a reliable velocity
model for earthquake location.
In the present work we will discuss criteria for the construction and validation
of a new 3D P-wave velocity model for earthquake location in the Campi
Flegrei area built from the integration of two high-resolution 3D tomographic
images of the region.
The model is used for locating a group of earthquakes from the uplift event of
the 1982-1984
Seismic-induced accelerations detected by two parallel gravity meters in continuous recording with a high sampling rate at Etna volcano

We analyse a microgravity data set acquired from two spring LaCoste & Romberg gravity meters operated in parallel at the same site on Etna volcano (Italy) for about two months (August – September 2005). The high sampling rate acquisition (2Hz) allowed the correlation of short-lasting gravity fluctuations with seismic events. After characterizing the oscillation behavior of the meters, through the study of spectral content and the background noise level of both sequences, we recognized fluctuations in the gravity data, spanning a range of periods from 1 second to about 30 seconds dominated by components with a period of about 15 ÷ 25 seconds, during time intervals encompassing both local seismic events and large worldwide earthquakes. The data analyses demonstrate that observed earthquake-induced gravity fluctuations have some differences due to diverse spectral content of the earthquakes. When local seismic events which present high frequency content excite the meters, the correlation between the two gravity signals is poor (factor < 0.3). Vice versa, when large worldwide earthquakes occur and low frequency seismic waves dominate the ensuing seismic wavefield, the resonance frequencies of the meters are excited and they react according to more common features. In the latter case, the signals from the two instruments are strongly correlated to each other (up to 0.9). In this paper the behaviors of spring gravimeters in the frequency range of the disturbances produced by local and large worldwide earthquakes are presented and discussed
Handling exceptions in logic programming without negation as failure

Default rules, i.e. statements of the form normally a’s are b’s, are usually handled in Answer Set Programming by means of negation as failure which provides a way to capture exceptions to normal situations. In this paper we propose another approach which offers an operational counterpart to negation as failure, and which may be thought as a corresponding dual attitude. The approach amounts to an explicit rewriting\ud
of exceptions in default rules, together with the addition of completion rules that are consistent with current knowledge. It is shown that the approach can be applied to restore the consistency of inconsistent programs that implicitly involve specificity ordering between the rules. The approach is compared to previous works aiming at providing support to the rewriting of default rules. It is also shown how the proposed approach agrees with the results obtained in the classical way.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version
WASP-80b: a gas giant transiting a cool dwarf

We report the discovery of a planet transiting the star WASP-80 (1SWASP J201240.26-020838.2; 2MASS J20124017-0208391; TYC 5165-481-1; BPM 80815; V = 11.9, K = 8.4). Our analysis shows this is a 0.55 ± 0.04 Mjup, 0.95 ± 0.03 Rjup gas giant on a circular 3.07 day orbit around a star with a spectral type between K7V and M0V. This system produces one of the largest transit depths so far reported, making it a worthwhile target for transmission spectroscopy. We find a large discrepancy between the vsini⋆  inferred from stellar line broadening and the observed amplitude of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. This can be understood either by an orbital plane nearly perpendicular to the stellar spin or by an additional, unaccounted for source of broadening.Peer-reviewedPublisher Versio
Random periodic solutions of SPDEs via integral equations and Wiener-Sobolev compact embedding

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Functional Analysis. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Functional Analysis, 262 (10), pp. 4377-4422, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfa.2012.02.024.In this paper, we study the existence of random periodic solutions for semilinear SPDEs on a bounded domain with a smooth boundary. We identify them as the solutions of coupled forward-backward infinite horizon stochastic integral equations on L (D) in general cases. For this we use Mercer's Theorem and eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the second order differential operators in the infinite horizon integral equations. We then use the argument of the relative compactness of Wiener-Sobolev spaces in C ([0, T], L (Ω×D)) and generalized Schauder's fixed point theorem to prove the existence of a solution of the integral equations. This is the first paper in literature to study random periodic solutions of SPDEs. Our result is also new in finding semi-stable stationary solution for non-dissipative SPDEs, while in literature the classical method is to use the pull-back technique so researchers were only able to find stable stationary solutions for dissipative systems
Measurements of long-range near-side angular correlations in
  $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=5$TeV proton-lead collisions in the forward region

Two-particle angular correlations are studied in proton-lead collisions at a
nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_{\text{NN}}}=5$TeV, collected
with the LHCb detector at the LHC. The analysis is based on data recorded in
two beam configurations, in which either the direction of the proton or that of
the lead ion is analysed. The correlations are measured in the laboratory
system as a function of relative pseudorapidity, $\Delta\eta$, and relative
azimuthal angle, $\Delta\phi$, for events in different classes of event
activity and for different bins of particle transverse momentum. In
high-activity events a long-range correlation on the near side, $\Delta\phi
\approx 0$, is observed in the pseudorapidity range $2.0<\eta<4.9$. This
measurement of long-range correlations on the near side in proton-lead
collisions extends previous observations into the forward region up to
$\eta=4.9$. The correlation increases with growing event activity and is found
to be more pronounced in the direction of the lead beam. However, the
correlation in the direction of the lead and proton beams are found to be
compatible when comparing events with similar absolute activity in the
direction analysed.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
  additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2015-040.htm
A search for top squarks with R-parity-violating decays to all-hadronic
  final states with the ATLAS detector in $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV proton-proton
  collisions

A search for the pair production of top squarks, each with R-parity-violating
decays into two Standard Model quarks, is performed using 17.4 fb$^{-1}$ of
$\sqrt{s}$ = 8 TeV proton-proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS
experiment at the LHC. Each top squark is assumed to decay to a b- and an
s-quark, leading to four quarks in the final state. Background discrimination
is achieved with the use of b-tagging and selections on the mass and
substructure of large-radius jets, providing sensitivity to top squark masses
as low as 100 GeV. No evidence of an excess beyond the Standard Model
background prediction is observed and top squarks decaying to $\bar{b}\bar{s}$
are excluded for top squark masses in the range $100 \leq m_{\tilde{t}} \leq
315$ GeV at 95% confidence level.Comment: 29 pages (+ author list + cover page - 46 pages in total), 10
  figures, 6 tables. Submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures
  are available at
  https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2015-05
On a CFT limit of planar $\gamma_i$-deformed $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory

We show that an integrable four-dimensional non-unitary field theory that was
recently proposed as a certain limit of the $\gamma_i$-deformed $\mathcal{N}=4$
SYM theory is incomplete and not conformal -- not even in the planar limit. We
complete this theory by double-trace couplings and find conformal one-loop
fix-points when admitting respective complex coupling constants. These
couplings must not be neglected in the planar limit, as they can contribute to
planar multi-point functions. Based on our results for certain two-loop planar
anomalous dimensions, we propose tests of integrability.Comment: LaTeX, 3 pages, 1 Figur
Transformation optics: a time- and frequency-domain analysis of
  electron-energy loss spectroscopy

Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) and Cathodoluminescence (CL) play a
pivotal role in many of the cutting edge experiments in plasmonics. EELS and CL
experiments are usually supported by numerical simulations, which, whilst
accurate, may not provide as much physical insight as analytical calculations
do. Fully analytical solutions to EELS and CL systems in plasmonics are rare
and difficult to obtain. This paper aims to narrow this gap by introducing a
new method based on Transformation optics that allows to calculate the
quasi-static frequency and time-domain response of plasmonic particles under
electron beam excitation
Invariants in the Yukawa system’s thermodynamic phase diagram

This paper shows that several known properties of the Yukawa system can be derived from the isomorph theory, which applies to any system that has strong correlations between its virial and potential-energy equilibrium fluctuations. Such “Roskilde-simple” systems have a simplified thermodynamic phase diagram deriving from the fact that they have curves (isomorphs) along which structure and dynamics in reduced units are invariant to a good approximation. We show that the Yukawa system has strong virial potential-energy correlations and identify its isomorphs by two different methods. One method, the so-called direct isomorph check, identifies isomorphs numerically from jumps of relatively small density changes (here 10%). The second method identifies isomorphs analytically from the pair potential. The curves obtained by the two methods are close to each other; these curves are confirmed to be isomorphs by demonstrating the invariance of the radial distribution function, the static structure factor, the mean-square displacement as a function of time, and the incoherent intermediate scattering function. Since the melting line is predicted to be an isomorph, the theory provides a derivation of a known approximate analytical expression for this line in the temperature-density phase diagram. The paper's results give the first demonstration that the isomorph theory can be applied to systems like dense colloidal suspensions and strongly coupled dusty plasmasThis paper shows that several known properties of the Yukawa system can be derived from the isomorph theory, which applies to any system that has strong correlations between its virial and potential-energy equilibrium fluctuations. Such “Roskilde-simple” systems have a simplified thermodynamic phase diagram deriving from the fact that they have curves (isomorphs) along which structure and dynamics in reduced units are invariant to a good approximation. We show that the Yukawa system has strong virial potential-energy correlations and identify its isomorphs by two different methods. One method, the so-called direct isomorph check, identifies isomorphs numerically from jumps of relatively small density changes (here 10%). The second method identifies isomorphs analytically from the pair potential. The curves obtained by the two methods are close to each other; these curves are confirmed to be isomorphs by demonstrating the invariance of the radial distribution function, the static structure factor, the mean-square displacement as a function of time, and the incoherent intermediate scattering function. Since the melting line is predicted to be an isomorph, the theory provides a derivation of a known approximate analytical expression for this line in the temperature-density phase diagram. The paper's results give the first demonstration that the isomorph theory can be applied to systems like dense colloidal suspensions and strongly coupled dusty plasma
Green space, health and wellbeing: making space for individual agency

This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Health and Place. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published at doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2014.10.005.This essay examines the assumptions of green space use underpinning much existing green space and health research. It considers opportunities to move the field forward through exploring two often overlooked aspects of individual agency: the influence of shifting life circumstances on personal wellbeing priorities and place practices, and the role of personal orientations to nature in shaping how green space wellbeing opportunities are perceived and experienced. It suggests such efforts could provide more nuanced insights into the complex, personal factors that define and drive individual choices regarding the use of green spaces for wellbeing over time, thereby strengthening our understanding of the salutogenic potential (and limits) of green spaces.European Regional Development Fund Programme 2007 to 2013 and European Social Fund Convergence Programme for Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly
A CGPS Look at the Spiral Structure of the Outer Milky Way. I. Distances and Velocities to Star-Forming Regions

articleWe present a new catalog of spectrophotometric distances and line of sight systemic velocities to 103 H II regions
between 90≤ℓ≤195 (longitude quadrants II and part of III). Two new velocities for each region are
independently measured using 1 arcmin resolution 21 cm H I and 2.6 mm 12CO line maps (from the Canadian
Galactic Plane Survey and Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory Outer Galaxy Surveys) that show where
gaseous shells are observed around the periphery of the ionized gas. Known and neighboring O- and B-type stars
with published UBV photometry and MK classifications are overlaid onto 21 cm continuum maps, and those stars
observed within the boundary of the H II emission (and whose distance is not more than three times the standard
deviation of the others) are used to calculate new mean stellar distances to each of the 103 nebulae. Using this
approach of excluding distance outliers from the mean distance to a group of many stars in each H II region lessens
the impact of anomalous reddening for certain individuals. The standard deviation of individual stellar distances in
a cluster is typically 20% per stellar distance, and the error in the mean distance to the cluster is typically ±10%.
Final mean distances of nine common objects with very long baseline interferometry parallax distances show a 1:1
correspondence. Further, comparison with previous catalogs of H II regions in these quadrants shows a 50%
reduction in scatter for the distance to Perseus spiral arm objects in the same region, and a reduction by ∼1/ 2 in
scatter around a common angular velocity relative to the Sun W-W0(km s−1 kpc−1
). The purpose of the catalog is
to provide a foundation for more detailed large-scale Galactic spiral structure and dynamics (rotation curve, density
wave streaming) studies in the 2nd and 3rd quadrants, which from the Sun’s location is the most favorably viewed
section of the GalaxyWe thank the referees for their careful reading of and
thoughtful comments on our manuscript. The Dominion Radio
Astrophysical Observatory is operated as a national facility by
the National Research Council of Canada. The Canadian
Galactic Plane Survey has been a Canadian project with
international partners, and was supported by grants from the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
(NSERC). The Five College Radio Astronomy Observatory
was supported by NSF grant AST 0540852. T.F. has been
supported by an NSERC Discovery grant and a Brandon
University Research Committee Grant. C.B. is funded in part
by the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council grant
ST/J001627/1 (“From Molecular Clouds to Exoplanets”) and
the ERC grant ERC-2011-StG_20101014 (“LOCALSTAR”),
both held at the University of Exeter
Geographical distribution of human Schistosoma japonicum infection in The Philippines: tools to support disease control and further elimination

Schistosoma japonicum infection is believed to be endemic in 28 of the 80 provinces of The Philippines and the most recent data on schistosomiasis prevalence have shown considerable variability between provinces. In order to increase the efficient allocation of parasitic disease control resources in the country, we aimed to describe the small-scale spatial variation in S. japonicum prevalence across The Philippines, quantify the role of the physical environment in driving the spatial variation of S. japonicum, and develop a predictive risk map of S. japonicum infection. Data on S. japonicum infection from 35,754 individuals across the country were geo-located at the barangay level and included in the analysis. The analysis was then stratified geographically for the regions of Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao. Zero-inflated binomial Bayesian geostatistical models of S. japonicum prevalence were developed and diagnostic uncertainty was incorporated. Results of the analysis show that in the three regions, males and individuals aged ≥20. years had significantly higher prevalence of S. japonicum compared with females and childre