pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
A correlation based imputation method for incomplete traffic accident data

Death, injury and disability from road traffic crashes continue to be a major global public health problem. Recent data suggest that the number of fatalities from traffic crashes is in excess of 1.25 million people each year with non-fatal injuries affecting a further 20-50 million people. It is predicted that by 2030 road traffic accidents will have progressed to be the 5th leading cause of death and that the number of people who will die annually from traffic accidents will have doubled from current levels. Therefore, methods to reduce accident severity are of great interest to traffic agencies and the public at large. Road accident fatality rate depends on many factors and it is a very challenging task to investigate the dependencies between the attributes because of the many environmental and road accident factors. Any missing data in the database could obscure the discovery of important factors and lead to invalid conclusions. In order to make the traffic accident datasets useful for analysis, it should be preprocessed properly. In this paper, we present a novel method based on sampling of distributions obtained from correlation measures for the imputation of missing values to improve the quality of the traffic accident data. We evaluated our algorithm using two publicly available traffic accident databases of United States (explore.data.gov, data.opencolorado.org). Our results indicate that the proposed method performs significantly better than the three existing algorithms.Griffith Sciences, School of Information and Communication TechnologyFull Tex
Detection of rain in acoustic recordings of the environment

Environmental monitoring has become increasingly important due to the significant impact of human activities and climate change on biodiversity. Environmental sound sources such as rain and insect vocalizations are a rich and underexploited source of information in environmental audio recordings. This paper is concerned with the classification of rain within acoustic sensor re-cordings. We present the novel application of a set of features for classifying environmental acoustics: acoustic entropy, the acoustic complexity index, spectral cover, and background noise. In order to improve the performance of the rain classification system we automatically classify segments of environmental recordings into the classes of heavy rain or non-rain. A decision tree classifier is experientially compared with other classifiers. The experimental results show that our system is effective in classifying segments of environmental audio recordings with an accuracy of 93% for the binary classification of heavy rain/non-rain
Search for a heavy Higgs boson decaying into a Z boson and another heavy Higgs boson in the ℓℓbb  final state in pp  collisions at √s =13  TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for a heavy neutral Higgs boson, A , decaying into a Z  boson and another heavy Higgs boson, H,is performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb −1 from proton-proton collisions at √s =13  TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016 by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search considers the Z  boson decaying to electrons or muons and the H  boson into a pair of b -quarks. No evidence for the production of an A  boson is found. Considering each production process separately, the 95% confidence-level upper limits on the pp→A→ZH  production cross-section times the branching ratio H→bb  are in the range of 14-830 fb for the gluon-gluon fusion process and 26-570 fb for the b -associated process for the mass ranges 130-700 GeV of the H boson and process for the mass ranges 130-700 GeV of the H boson and 230-800 GeV of the A  boson. The results are interpreted in the context of the two-Higgs-doublet model
Deep Maxout Networks applied to Noise-Robust Speech Recognition

Proceedings of: IberSPEECH 2014 "VIII Jornadas en Tecnologías del Habla" and "IV Iberian SLTech Workshop". Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain, November 19-21, 2014.Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have become very popular for acoustic modeling due to the improvements found over traditional Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM). However, not many works have addressed the robustness of these systems under noisy conditions. Recently, the machine learning community has proposed new methods to improve the accuracy of DNNs by using techniques such as dropout and maxout. In this paper, we investigate Deep Maxout Networks (DMN) for acoustic modeling in a noisy automatic speech recognition environment. Experiments show that DMNs improve substantially the recognition accuracy over DNNs and other traditional techniques in both clean and noisy conditions on the TIMIT dataset.This contribution has been supported by an Airbus Defense and Space Grant (Open Innovation - SAVIER) and Spanish Government-CICYT project 2011-26807/TEC.Publicad
Bootstrapping a Portuguese WordNet from Galician, Spanish and English wordnets

Series: Lecture notes in computer science, ISSN 0302-9743, vol. 8854In this article we exploit the possibility on bootstrapping 
an European Portuguese WordNet from the English, Spanish and Galician
wordnets using
Probabilistic Translation Dictionaries automatically created from parallel corpora.
The process generated a total of 56~770 synsets and 97~058 variants.
An evaluation of the results using the Brazilian OpenWordNet-PT as a gold standard
resulted on a precision varying from 53\% to 75\% percent, depending on the
cut-line. The results were satisfying and comparable to similar experiments
using the WN-Toolkit.PEst-OE/EEI/UI0752/2014, TIN2012-38584-C06-01, TIN2012-38584-C06-0
Library Data Integration : Towards BIBFRAME Mapping to EDM

Integration of library data into the Linked Data environment is a key issue in li-braries and is approached on the basis of interoperability between library data conceptual models. Achieving interoperability for different representations of the same or related entities between the library and cultural heritage domains shall enhance rich bibliographic data reusability and support the development of new data-driven information services. This paper aims to contribute to the desired in-teroperability by attempting to map core semantic paths between the BIBFRAME and EDM conceptual models. BIBFRAME is developed by the Library of Con-gress to support transformation of legacy library data in MARC format into linked data. EDM is the model developed for and used in the Europeana Cultural Heritage aggregation portal
SKOS Sources Transformations for Ontology Engineering: Agronomical Taxonomy Use Case

Sources like thesauri or taxonomies are already used as input in ontology development process. Some of them are also published on the LOD using the SKOS format. Reusing this type of sources to build an ontology is not an easy task. The ontology developer has to face different syntax and different modelling goals. We propose in this paper a new methodology to transform several non-ontological sources into a single ontology. We take into account: the redundancy of the knowledge extracted from sources in order to discover the consensual knowledge and Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) to guide the transformation process. We have evaluated our methodology by creating an ontology on wheat taxonomy from three sources: Agrovoc thesaurus, TaxRef taxonomy, NCBI taxonomy
A Food Packaging Use Case for Argumentation

International audienceWithin the framework of the European project EcoBioCap (ECOefficient BIOdegradable Composite Advanced Packaging), aiming at conceiving the next generation of food packagings, we introduce an argumentation-based tool for management of conflicting viewpoints between preferences expressed by the involved parties (food and packaging industries, health and waste management authorities, consumers, etc.). In this paper we recall briefly the principles underlying the reasoning process, and we detail the main functionalities and the architecture of the argumentation tool covering the overall reasoning steps starting from formal representation of text arguments and ending by extraction of justified preferences. Finally, we detail its operational functioning through a real life case study to determine the justifiable choices between recyclable, compostable and biodegradable packaging materials based on stakeholders’ arguments
Non-invasive Materials Analysis Using Portable X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) in the Examination of Two Mural Paintings in the Catacombs of San Giovanni, Syracuse

X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy was performed to characterize pigment materials in a preliminary study of two mural paintings in the Catacombs of San Giovanni. XRF was one non-invasive, analytical technique employed as part of a comprehensive examination, which also included multispectral imaging and 3D modeling. XRF analysis contributed towards a better idea of the materials present, but definitive assignments for the pigments were not possible. The murals show some signs of degradation products including a calcium sulfate surface encrustation, and a bluish-black copper based pigment, which we suspect is the degradation of azurite into tenorite
Integrating Know-How into the Linked Data Cloud

This paper presents the first framework for integrating procedural knowledge,
or "know-how", into the Linked Data Cloud. Know-how available on the Web, such
as step-by-step instructions, is largely unstructured and isolated from other
sources of online knowledge. To overcome these limitations, we propose
extending to procedural knowledge the benefits that Linked Data has already
brought to representing, retrieving and reusing declarative knowledge. We
describe a framework for representing generic know-how as Linked Data and for
automatically acquiring this representation from existing resources on the Web.
This system also allows the automatic generation of links between different
know-how resources, and between those resources and other online knowledge
bases, such as DBpedia. We discuss the results of applying this framework to a
real-world scenario and we show how it outperforms existing manual
community-driven integration efforts.Comment: The 19th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and
  Knowledge Management (EKAW 2014), 24-28 November 2014, Link\"oping, Swede
Testing OWL Axioms against RDF Facts: A Possibilistic Approach

International audienceAutomatic knowledge base enrichment methods rely criti-cally on candidate axiom scoring. The most popular scoring heuristics proposed in the literature are based on statistical inference. We argue that such a probability-based framework is not always completely satis-factory and propose a novel, alternative scoring heuristics expressed in terms of possibility theory, whereby a candidate axiom receives a bipolar score consisting of a degree of possibility and a degree of necessity. We evaluate our proposal by applying it to the problem of testing SubClassOf axioms against the DBpedia RDF dataset
Helminth-Induced IgE and Protection Against Allergic Disorders

Abstract The immune response against helminths and allergens is generally characterized by high levels of IgE and increased numbers of Th2 cells, eosinophils, and mast cells, yet the clinical outcome with respect to immediate hypersensitivity and inflammation is clearly not the same. High levels of IgE are seen to allergens during helminth infections; however, these IgE responses do not translate into allergy symptoms. This chapter summarizes the evidence of the association between helminth infections and allergic disorders. It discusses how helminth infection can lead to IgE cross-reactivity with allergens and how this IgE has poor biological activity. This information is important for developing new diagnostic methods and treatments for allergic disorders in low-to-middle-income countries
Friendly Faces: Weakly supervised character identification

This paper demonstrates a novel method for automatically discovering and recognising characters in video without any labelled examples or user intervention. Instead weak supervision is obtained via a rough script-to-subtitle alignment. The technique uses pose invariant features, extracted from detected faces and clustered to form groups of co-occurring characters. Results show that with 9 characters, 29% of the closest exemplars are correctly identified, increasing to 50% as additional exemplars are considered
An Exploration of the Possibilities Through Critical Theory, Design Practices and Networked Learning

In this contribution we  connect the social turn in architecture practice and education with the innovative possibilities that emerge from the integration of virtual environments (in a broad sense) in design education. We demonstrate the current challenges for architectural education and argue that a critical design attitude will be imperative to tackle the future challenges in architecture. Additionally we claim that critical thinking can be stimulated in a pedagogy that connects back with the initial conceptualisation and theorised possibilities of studio-based learning as Schön (1983, 1986, 1987) envisaged enforced by using new and innovative virtual environments.status: publishe
Conformant Planning as a Case Study of Incremental QBF Solving

We consider planning with uncertainty in the initial state as a case study of
incremental quantified Boolean formula (QBF) solving. We report on experiments
with a workflow to incrementally encode a planning instance into a sequence of
QBFs. To solve this sequence of incrementally constructed QBFs, we use our
general-purpose incremental QBF solver DepQBF. Since the generated QBFs have
many clauses and variables in common, our approach avoids redundancy both in
the encoding phase and in the solving phase. Experimental results show that
incremental QBF solving outperforms non-incremental QBF solving. Our results
are the first empirical study of incremental QBF solving in the context of
planning and motivate its use in other application domains.Comment: added reference to extended journal article; revision (camera-ready,
  to appear in the proceedings of AISC 2014, volume 8884 of LNAI, Springer
Algorithmic aspects of theory blending

In Cognitive Science, conceptual blending has been proposed as an important cognitive mechanism that facilitates the creation of new concepts and ideas by constrained combination of available knowledge. It thereby provides a possible theoretical foundation for modeling high-level cognitive faculties such as the ability to understand, learn, and create new concepts and theories. This paper describes a logic-based framework which allows a formal treatment of theory blending, discusses algorithmic aspects of blending within the framework, and provides an illustrating worked out example from mathematics
A Cloud Based Service for Management and Planning of Autonomous UAV Missions in Smart City Scenarios

Cloud Robotics is an emerging paradigm in which robots, seen as abstract agents, have the possibility to connect to a common network and share on a complex infrastructure the information and knowledge they gather about the physical world; or conversely consume the data collected by other agents or made available on accessible database and repositories. In this paper we propose an implementation of an emergency-management service exploiting the possibilities offered by cloud robotics in a smart city scenario. A high-level cloud-platform manages a number of unmanned aerial vehicles (quadrotor UAVs) with the goal of providing aerial support to citizens that require it via a dedicated mobile app. The UAV reaches the citizen while forwarding a realtime video streaming to a privileged user (police officer),connected to the same cloud platform, that is allowed to teleoperate it by remote
Inferring Accountability from Trust Perceptions

Opaque communications between groups of data processors leave individuals out of touch with the circulation and use of their personal information. Empowering subjects in this regard requires supplying them with clear data handling guarantees. We introduce an inference model providing individuals with global accountability guarantees which take into account trust assumptions and varying levels of usage evidence. Our model is implemented in the IDP knowledge base system and demonstrated with the scenario of a surveillance infrastructure used by a railroad company. We show that it is flexible enough to be adapted to any use case involving communicating stakeholders for which a trust hierarchy is defined. Via auditors acting for them, individuals can obtain global accountability guarantees, providing them with a trust-dependent synthesis of declared 
and proven data handling practices.status: publishe
Optimization of admixture and three-layer particleboard made from oil palm empty fruit bunch and rubberwood clones

Empty fruit bunch (EFB) is  a biomass that is widely available and has the  potential to be used as industrial raw material especially in wood-based industries.  This study focuses on producing a particleboard by incorporating EFB with two different rubberwood clones: Prang Besar (PB) 260 and RRIM 2002, respectively. PB 260 is a commercially planted clone and wood from matured (>25 year-old) trees are used by wood-based panel manufacturers. RRIM 2002 is a new clone planted at the Malaysian Rubber Board (MRB) research trial plots and consists of only 4-year-old trees. Two types of particleboards (admixture and three-layer) with different ratios were produced. The Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS-5908 2003 particleboard) was used to evaluate mechanical and dimensional stability properties of the particleboards. From the study, it was found that admixture particleboards showed superior properties compared to three-layer particleboards. Layering EFB and rubberwood significantly decreased board performance for all properties (except internal bonding). The optimum ratios of EFB and both rubberwood clones are found to be 1:1 (50% EFB: 50% rubberwood). Meanwhile, increasing the rubberwood clones ratio to 70% lowered board performance especially for EFB (30%):RRIM 2002 clone (70%) boards which showed the lowest values for all properties for both admixture and three-layer boards\ud
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Snow Accumulation In North Greenland Over The Last Millenium

Knowledge of snow accumulation rates of the large polar ice sheets\ud
and their variability over time is crucial for mass budget studies and sea level predictions.\ud
Here we present mean long-term snow accumulation rates of 12 shallow\ud
ice cores drilled by the North Greenland traverse in the northern part of Greenland.\ud
The ice core records cover the last 500 to 1000 years. We find a trend of decreasing\ud
accumulation rate from the southwest (~180 mmWE/a) to northeast (~95\ud
mmWE/a). Ice divide sites show higher accumulation rates but also higher variability\ud
(up to 20%) than sites off the ice divides (less than 10%). Unlike a recent\ud
modeling study our results indicate no change in the accumulation in the north of\ud
Greenland during the last 400 year
Detecting CDOM fluorescence using high spectrally resolved satellite data: a model study.

Absorption and fluorescence of CDOM are widely used to characterize\ud
its concentration and composition, both in situ and with remote sensing techniques. As fluorescence is an inelastic scattering process, it can potentially be observed in filling-in of Fraunhofer lines with the DOAS method in high spectrally resolved satellite data. Here, we perform a theoretical model study and preliminary DOAS retrieval on SCIAMACHY data in order to test the feasibility of such an approach. Our results show that retrieving CDOM fluorescence is difficult, due to its relatively weak signal in global oceans (in comparison to Raman scattering of clear water)and varying broad spectral features. Detailed studies of the synergistic use of\ud
narrow and broad fluorescence features, and an appropriate scheme to account for disturbance effects of Raman scattering, are needed for further investigating the retrieval of CDOM fluorescence
The Flow of Dense Water Plumes in the Western Weddell Sea Simulated with the Finite Element Ocean Model (FEOM)

Ocean simulations performed with the Finite Element Ocean Model (FEOM) were used to show the relevance of the location of the dense water plume source on the western Weddell Sea continental shelf. When the plume starts close to the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula it flows into Bransfield Strait, but if it is found further south it can flow down the slope and contribute to Weddell Sea Deep Water (WSDW). The influence of density on the spreading was also tested indicating that a denser plume reaches greater depths while lighter plumes do not interact with the WSDW
Classification of CryoSat-2 Radar Echoes

Sea-ice thickness at global scale is an important variable in the polar climate system. Only satellite altimeters such as onboard the CryoSat-2 mission allow us to obtain sea-ice thickness on hemispherical scale. Accurate CryoSat-2 altimeter range measurements provide surface elevations which have to be referenced to the local sea level to obtain sea-ice freeboard that can be converted into sea-ice thickness assuming hydrostatic equilibrium. The local sea-surface height is determined by careful detection of leads in the ice surface using the specific characteristics of the radar signal. Off-nadir reflections from leads can significantly affect the range retracking and hence bias the surface elevations of leads and sea ice. This can finally lead to a negative freeboard and hence also affects the thickness and volume retrieval. We present a method for the classification of CryoSat-2 radar echoes to correctly discriminate between valid and off-nadir biased echoes. We apply our classification to a CryoSat-2 track from December 15 where 50 leads over a distance of 2,300 km are identified. Overall 22 % of the surface elevations are associated with biased radar echoes
Bivalve Shells—Unique High-Resolution Archives of the Environmental Past

Understanding the climate of the past is essential for anticipating future climate change. Palaeoclimatic archives are the key to the past, but few marine archives (including tropical corals) combine long recording times (decades to centuries) with high temporal resolution (decadal to intra-annual). In temperate and polar regions carbonate shells can perform the equivalent function as a proxy archive as corals do in the tropics. The bivalve Arctica islandica is a particularly unique bio-archive owing to its wide distribution throughout the North Atlantic and its extreme longevity (up to 500 years). This paper exemplifies how information at intra-annual and decadal scales is derived from A. islandica shells and combined into a detailed picture of past conditions. Oxygen isotope analysis (δ18O) provides information on the intra-annual temperature cycle while frequency analysis of shell growth records identifies decadal variability such as a distinct 5-year signal, which might be linked to the North Atlantic Oscillation
Functional diversity and traits assembly patterns of benthic macrofaunal communities in the southern North Sea

The study of ecosystem functioning – the fluxes of energy and material through biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem – is becoming increasingly important in benthic ecological research. We investigated the functional structure of macrozoobenthic communities at four long-term sampling sites in the southern North Sea using biological traits assigned to life history, morphological and behavioural characteristics. The “typical” species of the macrofaunal assemblages at the sampling sites was characterized by small to medium body size, infaunal burrowing life style, deposit feeding habit, omnivory diet type, short to medium life span, gonochoristic sexual differentiation, < 2 years age at maturity, high fecundity, and planktotrophic development mode. Functional diversity differed significantly among the four sites. As part of the present study, trait information for > 330 macrofaunal taxa have been compiled in a comprehensive database