pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Measurement of the time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in $D^0 \to K^0_S
  K^0_S$ decays

The time-integrated $CP$ asymmetry in the decay $D^0 \to K^0_S K^0_S$ is
measured using $3 fb^{-1}$ of proton-proton collision data collected by the
LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of 7 and 8 TeV. The flavour of the
$D^0$ meson is determined by use of the decay $D^{*+} \to D^0 \pi^+$ and its
charge conjugate mode. The result is \[ {\cal A}_{CP} = -0.029 \pm 0.052 \pm
0.022, \] where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic.
The result is consistent with Standard Model expectations and improves the
uncertainty with respect to the only previous measurement of this quantity by
more than a factor of three.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and
  additional information, are available at
  https://lhcbproject.web.cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/LHCbProjectPublic/LHCb-PAPER-2015-030.htm
Ventricular function after operation for transposition of the great arteries  with special reference to myocardial deformation

Ventricular function after operation for transposition of the great arteries with special reference to myocardial deformation

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is the second most common cyanotic congenital heart defect. With advances in surgical treatment, more patients survive into adulthood and constitute a growing patient population, requiring regular follow-up including evaluation of myocardial function.

The aim of this thesis in cardiology was to describe ventricular function in TGA patients operated with atrial or arterial switch, with special emphasis on myocardial deformation described in terms of longitudinal and circumferential contraction and ventricular torsion.

Patients operated with atrial switch (n=14) and arterial switch (n=22) were studied using tissue Doppler and speckle tracking echocardiography, respectively, as well as magnetic resonance imaging. 
 
The systemic right ventricle of the atrial switch-operated patients and the left ventricle of the arterial switch-operated patients displayed a contraction pattern similar to the normal left ventricle with predominant circumferential over longitudinal shortening. These findings suggest that the ventricular contraction pattern in TGA patients is mainly the result of loading conditions. 

However, despite normal measures of global ventricular function, myocardial deformation imaging revealed signs of incipient myocardial dysfunction in both atrial and arterial switch-operated patients, with more pronounced reductions in deformation variables in the atrial switch-operated group. 

The findings of this thesis suggest that analysis of myocardial deformation variables is of value in operated TGA patients, both in studying ventricular physiology and in assessing possible ventricular dysfunction not disclosed by standard measures of ventricular function
Search for top squark pair production in final states with one isolated lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum in √s = 8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

The results of a search for top squark (stop) pair production in final states with one isolated lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum are reported. The analysis is performed with proton-proton collision data at s√ = 8 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2012 corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 20 fb−1. The lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) is taken to be the lightest neutralino which only interacts weakly and is assumed to be stable. The stop decay modes considered are those to a top quark and the LSP as well as to a bottom quark and the lightest chargino, where the chargino decays to the LSP by emitting a W boson. A wide range of scenarios with different mass splittings between the stop, the lightest neutralino and the lightest chargino are considered, including cases where the W bosons or the top quarks are off-shell. Decay modes involving the heavier charginos and neutralinos are addressed using a set of phenomenological models of supersymmetry. No significant excess over the Standard Model prediction is observed. A stop with a mass between 210 and 640 GeV decaying directly to a top quark and a massless LSP is excluded at 95% confidence level, and in models where the mass of the lightest chargino is twice that of the LSP, stops are excluded at 95% confidence level up to a mass of 500 GeV for an LSP mass in the range of 100 to 150 GeV. Stringent exclusion limits are also derived for all other stop decay modes considered, and model-independent upper limits are set on the visible cross-section for processes beyond the Standard Model
Measurement of the low-mass Drell-Yan differential cross section at √8 = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The differential cross section for the process Z/√ → ℓℓ (ℓ = e, μ) as a function\ud
of dilepton invariant mass is measured in pp collisions at ps = 7TeV at the LHC using\ud
the ATLAS detector. The measurement is performed in the e and μ channels for invariant\ud
masses between 26 GeV and 66 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 1.6 fb−1 collected in 2011 and these measurements are combined. The analysis is extended to invariant masses as low as 12 GeV in the muon channel using 35 pb−1 of data collected in 2010. The cross sections are determined within fiducial acceptance regions and corrections to extrapolate the measurements to the full kinematic range are provided. Next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD predictions provide a significantly better description of the results than next-to-leadingorder QCD calculations, unless the latter are matched to a parton shower calculation
A global database of lake surface temperatures collected by in situ and satellite methods from 1985–2009

Global environmental change has influenced lake surface temperatures, a key driver of ecosystem structure and function. Recent studies have suggested significant warming of water temperatures in individual lakes across many different regions around the world. However, the spatial and temporal coherence associated with the magnitude of these trends remains unclear. Thus, a global data set of water temperature is required to understand and synthesize global,long-term trends in surface water temperatures of inland bodies of water. We assembled a database of summer lake surface temperatures for 291 lakes collected in situ and/or by satellites for the period 1985-2009. In addition, corresponding climatic drivers (air temperatures, solar radiation, and cloud cover) and geomorphometric characteristics (latitude, longitude, elevation,lake surface area, maximum depth, mean depth, and volume) that influence lake surface temperatures were compiled for each lake. This unique dataset offers an invaluable baseline\ud
perspective on global-scale lake thermal conditions as environmental change continues
Measurement of dijet k(T) in p-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

A measurement of dijet correlations in p–Pb collisions at root sNN=5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector is presented. Jets are reconstructed from charged particles measured in the central tracking detectors and neutral energy deposited in the electromagnetic calorimeter. The transverse momentum of the full jet (clustered from charged and neutral constituents) and charged jet (clustered from charged particles only) is corrected event-by-event for the contribution of the underlying event, while corrections for underlying event fluctuations and finite detector resolution are applied on an inclusive basis. A projection of the dijet transverse momentum, kTy=pT, jetch+nesin(Δφdijet) with ΔφdijetΔφdijet the azimuthal angle between a full and charged jet and pT, jetch+ne the transverse momentum of the full jet, is used to study nuclear matter effects in p–Pb collisions. This observable is sensitive to the acoplanarity of dijet production and its potential modification in p–Pb collisions with respect to pp collisions. Measurements of the dijet kTykTy as a function of the transverse momentum of the full and recoil charged jet, and the event multiplicity are presented. No significant modification of kTykTy due to nuclear matter effects in p–Pb collisions with respect to the event multiplicity or a PYTHIA8 reference is observed
Entanglement and correlations near extremality: CFTs dual to Reissner-Nordström AdS 5

We use the AdS/CFT correspondence to study models of entanglement and correlations between two d = 4 CFTs in thermofield double states at finite chemical potential. Our bulk spacetimes are planar Reissner-Nordström AdS black holes. We compute both thermo-mutual information and the two-point correlators of large-dimension scalar operators, focussing on the small-temperature behavior — an infrared limit with behavior similar to that seen at large times. The interesting feature of this model is of course that the entropy density remains finite as T → 0 while the bulk geometry develops an infinite throat. This leads to a logarithmic divergence in the scale required for non-zero mutual information between equal-sized strips in the two CFTs, though the mutual information between one entire CFT and a finite-sized strip in the other can remain non-zero even at T =0. Furthermore,despitetheinfinitethroat,therecanbeextremallychargedoperators for which the two-point correlations remain finite as T → 0. This suggests an interestingly mixed picture in which some aspects of the entanglement remain localized on scales set by the chemical potential, while others shift to larger and larger scales. We also comment on implications for the localized-quasiparticle picture of entanglement
Z - Z ′ mixing and Z -mediated FCNCs in SU(3) C × SU(3) L × U(1) X models

Most of the existing analyses of flavour changing neutral current processes (FCNC) in the 331 models, based on the gauge group SU(3) C × SU(3) L × U(1) X , are fully dominated by tree-level exchanges of a new heavy neutral gauge boson Z ′. However, due to the Z − Z ′ mixing also corresponding contributions from Z boson are present. As the Z − Z ′ mixing is estimated generally in Z ′ models to be at most O 1 0 − 3 $$ \mathcal{O}\left(1{0}^{-3}\right) $$ , the latter contributions are usually neglected. The paucity of relevant parameters in 331 models allows to check whether this neglect is really justified in these concrete models. We calculate the impact of these contributions on Δ F = 2 processes and rare K , B s and B d decays for different values of a parameter β , which distinguishes between various 331 models and for different fermion representations under the SU(3) L group. We find a general expression for the Z − Z ′ mixing in terms β , M Z , M Z ′ and tan β ¯ $$ \overline{\beta} $$ , familiar from 2 Higgs Doublet models, that differs from the one quoted in the literature. We study in particular the models with β = ± n/ 3 $$ \sqrt{3} $$ with n = 1 , 2 which have recently been investigated by us in the context of new data on B s , d → μ + μ − and B d → K * ( K ) μ + μ − . We find that these new contributions can indeed be neglected in the case of Δ F = 2 transitions and decays, like B d → K * μ + μ − , where they are suppressed by the small vectorial Z coupling to charged leptons. However, the contributions of tree-level Z exchanges to decays sensitive to axial-vector couplings, like B s , d → μ + μ − and B d → Kμ + μ − , and those with neutrinos in the final state, like b → sν ν ¯ $$ \overline{\nu} $$ transitions, K + → π + ν ν ¯ $$ \overline{\nu} $$ and K L → π 0 ν ν ¯ $$ \overline{\nu} $$ cannot be generally neglected with size of Z contributions depending on β , tan β ¯ $$ \overline{\beta} $$ and M Z ′ . We analyze how our recent results on FCNCs in 331 models, in particular correlations between various observables, are modified by these new contributions. As a byproduct we analyze for the first time the ratio ε ′ /ε in these models including both Z ′ and Z contributions. Our analysis of electroweak precision observables within 331 models demonstrates transparently that the interplay of NP effects in electroweak precision observables and those in flavour observables could allow in the future to identify the favourite 331 model
Quantization of a scalar field in two Poincaré patches of anti-de Sitter space and AdS/CFT

Two sets of modes of a massive free scalar field are quantized in a pair of Poincaré patches of Lorentzian anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, AdSd+1 ( d≥2 ). It is shown that in Poincaré coordinates (r,t,x→) , the two boundaries at r=±∞ are connected. When the scalar mass m satisfies a condition 0<ν=(d2/4)+(mℓ)2<1 , there exist two sets of mode solutions to Klein–Gordon equation, with distinct fall-off behaviors at the boundary. By using the fact that the boundaries at r=±∞ are connected, a conserved Klein–Gordon norm can be defined for these two sets of scalar modes, and these modes are canonically quantized. Energy is also conserved. A prescription within the approximation of semi-classical gravity is presented for computing two- and three-point functions of the operators in the boundary CFT, which correspond to the two fall-off behaviours of scalar field solutions
Neutrino–antineutrino mass splitting in the Standard Model and baryogenesis

On the basis of a previously proposed mechanism of neutrino–antineutrino mass splitting in the Standard Model, which is Lorentz and SU(2)×U(1) invariant but non-local to evade the CPT theorem, we discuss the possible implications of neutrino–antineutrino mass splitting on neutrino physics and baryogenesis. It is shown that non-locality within a distance scale of the Planck length, that may not be fatal to unitarity in a generic effective theory, can generate the neutrino–antineutrino mass splitting of the order of the observed neutrino mass differences, which is tested in oscillation experiments, and a non-negligible baryon asymmetry depending on the estimate of sphaleron dynamics. The one-loop order induced electron–positron mass splitting in the Standard Model is shown to be finite and estimated at ∼10−20 eV , well below the experimental bound <10−2 eV . The induced CPT violation in the K -meson in the Standard Model is expected to be even smaller and well below the experimental bound |mK−mK¯|<0.44×10−18 GeV
Gene expression analysis for tumor classification using vector quantization

Gene expression analysis is one of the most important tasks for genomic medicine, using these it is possible to classify tumors, which are directly related with the development of cancer. This paper presents a clustering method for tumor classification, vector quantization, using gene expression profiles from microarrays of mRNA with samples of cervical cancer and normal cervix. Vector quantization is used to divide the space into regions, and the centroids of the regions represent patients with tumors or healthy ones. Also the regions found by the vector quantizer are used as the base for classifying other tumors, that could help in the prognostics of the illness or for finding new groups of tumors.PRIB 2008 proceedings found at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-88436-
PKS2005-489 at VHE: four years of monitoring with HESS and simultaneous multi-wavelength observations

Aims. Our aim is to study the very high energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) γ-ray emission from BL Lac objects and the evolution in time of their broad-band spectral energy distribution (SED).\ud
\ud
Methods. VHE observations of the high-frequency peaked BL Lac object PKS 2005-489 were made with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (HESS) from 2004 through 2007. Three simultaneous multi-wavelength campaigns at lower energies were performed during the HESS data taking, consisting of several individual pointings with the XMM-Newton and RXTE satellites.\ud
\ud
Results. A strong VHE signal, ~17σ total, from PKS 2005-489 was detected during the four years of HESS observations (90.3 h live time). The integral flux above the average analysis threshold of 400 GeV is ~3% of the flux observed from the Crab Nebula and varies weakly on time scales from days to years. The average VHE spectrum measured from ~300 GeV to ~5 TeV is characterized by a power law with a photon index, . At X-ray energies the flux is observed to vary by more than an order of magnitude between 2004 and 2005. Strong changes in the X-ray spectrum () are also observed, which appear to be mirrored in the VHE band.\ud
\ud
Conclusions. The SED of PKS 2005-489, constructed for the first time with contemporaneous data on both humps, shows significant evolution. The large flux variations in the X-ray band, coupled with weak or no variations in the VHE band and a similar spectral behavior, suggest the emergence of a new, separate, harder emission component in September 2005.Peer-reviewedPublisher Version10057
Scaling laws in gravitational clustering for counts-in-cells and mass functions.

We present an analysis of some of the properties of the density field realized in numerical simulations for power-law initial power spectra in the case of a critical density universe. We study the non-linear regime, which is the most difficult to handle analytically, and we compare our numerical results with the predictions of a specific hierarchical clustering scaling model that have been made recently, focusing specifically on its much wider range of applicability, which is one of its main advantages over the standard Press—Schechter approximation. We first check that the two-point correlation functions, measured from both counts-in-cells and neighbour counts, agree with the known analytically exact scaling requirement (i.e., depend only on σ2), and we also find the stable-clustering hypothesis to hold. Next, we show that the statistics of the counts-in-cells obey the scaling law predicted by the above scaling model.\ud
\ud
Then we turn to mass functions of overdense and underdense regions, which we obtain numerically from ‘spherical overdensity’ and ‘friends-of-friends’ algorithms. We first consider the mass function of ‘just-collapsed’ objects defined by a density threshold Δ =177, and we note, as was found by previous studies, that the usual Press—Schechter prescription agrees reasonably well with the simulations (although there are some discrepancies). On the other hand, the numerical results are also consistent with the predictions of the scaling model. Next, we consider more general mass functions (needed to describe for instance galaxies or Lyman-α absorbers) defined by different density thresholds, which can even be negative. The scaling model is especially suited to account for such cases, which are out of reach of the Press—Schechter approach, and it still shows reasonably good agreement with the numerical results. Finally, we show that mass functions defined by a condition on the radius of the objects also satisfy the theoretical scaling predictions.\ud
\ud
Thus we find that the scaling model provides a reasonable description of the density field in the highly non-linear regime, for the cosmologies we have considered, for both the counts-in-cells statistics and the mass functions. The advantages of this approach are that it clarifies the links between several statistical tools and it allows one to study many different classes of objects, for any density threshold, provided one is in the fully non-linear regime
Manual mapping of drumlins in synthetic landscapes to assess operator effectiveness.

Mapped topographic features are important for understanding processes that sculpt the Earth's surface. This paper presents maps that are the primary product of an exercise that brought together 27 researchers with an interest in landform mapping wherein the efficacy and causes of variation in mapping were tested using novel synthetic DEMs containing drumlins. The variation between interpreters (e.g. mapping philosophy, experience) and across the study region (e.g. woodland prevalence) opens these factors up to assessment. A priori known answers in the synthetics increase the number and strength of conclusions that may be drawn with respect to a traditional comparative study. Initial results suggest that overall detection rates are relatively low (34–40%), but reliability of mapping is higher (72–86%). The maps form a reference dataset
Black hole entropy in the Chern-Simons-like theories of gravity and
  Lorentz-diffeomorphism Noether charge

In the first order formalism of gravity theories, there are some theories
which are not Lorentz-diffeomorphism covariant. In the framework of such
theories we cannot apply the method of conserved charge calculation used in
Lorentz-diffeomorphism covariant theories. In this paper we firstly introduce
the total variation of a quantity due to an infinitesimal
Lorentz-diffeomorphism transformation. Secondly, in order to obtain the
conserved charges of Lorentz-diffeomorphism non-covariant theories, we extend
the Tachikawa method \cite{3}. This extension includes not only Lorentz gauge
transformation but also the diffeomorphism. We apply this method to the
Chern-Simons-like theories of gravity (CSLTG) and obtain a general formula for
the entropy of black holes in those theories. Finally, some examples on CSLTG
are provided and the entropy of the BTZ black hole is calculated in the context
of the examples.Comment: 13 pages, we have improved language of the pape
A Model of the Matter-antimatter Asymmetry and Cold Dark Matter with
  $U(1)_{B-L}\otimes U(1)_{D}$

I suggest an effective model between the GUT and the electroweak scale. It
only introduces the two symmetries of $U(1)_{B-L}$ and $U(1)_{D}$ besides the
SM groups. The two symmetries are individually broken at the reheating
temperature of the universe of $10^{12}$ GeV and the scale of $3\sim 4$ TeV.
The model can simultaneously accommodate the tiny neutrino masses, the
matter-antimatter asymmetry and the cold dark matter (CDM). In particular, the
model gives some interesting results and predictions, for instance, the
neutrinos are Dirac nature and their masses are related to the $U(1)_{D}$
breaking, the size of the matter-antimatter asymmetry is closely related to the
mass hierarchy of the quarks and charged leptons, the CDM mass is probably in
the range of $250\sim 350$ GeV. Finally, it is feasible to test the model in
future collider experiments.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, the paper makes many change
Disk-shaped bicelles in block copolymer/homopolymer blends

Mixtures of micelle-forming and lamella-forming amphiphiles in solution can
form disk-shaped bilayers, sometimes referred to as bicelles. Using
self-consistent field theory (SCFT), we investigate the structure and stability
of these aggregates in a blend of two species of PS-PDMS diblock with PDMS
homopolymer at 225C. We find that the center of each disk is mainly composed of
lamella-forming diblocks, while its thicker rim is mostly formed of
micelle-forming diblocks. However, this segregation is not perfect, and the
concentration of micelle formers is of the order of 10% on the flat central
surface of the bicelle. We also find that the addition of micelle former to the
mixture of lamella former and homopolymer is necessary for disk-like bicelles
to be stable. Specifically, the free energy density of the disk has a minimum
as a function of the disk radius when both micelle- and lamella-forming
diblocks are present, indicating that the bicelles have a preferred, finite
radius. However, it decays monotonically when only lamella former is present,
indicating that the bicelle structure is always unstable with respect to
further aggregation in these systems. Finally, we identify a concentration
range where the bicelle is predicted to have a lower free energy density than
the simple cylindrical and lamellar aggregates, and so might be
thermodynamically stable.Comment: 22 pages including 5 figures, preprint format. Unedited author's
  version of a submitted work that was subsequently accepted for publication in
  Macromolecule