pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The four qualities of life: Ordering concepts and measures of the good life

The terms 'quality-of-life', 'wellbeing' and 'happiness' denote different meanings; sometimes they are used as an umbrella term for all of value, and the other times to denote special merits.\ud
This paper is about the specific meanings of the terms. It proposes a classification based on two bi-partitions; between life 'chances' and life 'results', and between 'outer' and 'inner' qualities. Together these dichotomies imply four qualities of life: 1) livability of the environment, 2) life-ability of the individual, 3) external utility of life and 4) inner appreciation of life.\ud
This fourfold matrix is applied in three ways: firstly to place related notions and alternative classifications, secondly to explore substantive meanings in various measures for quality of life and thirdly to find out whether quality-of-life can be measured comprehensively. This last question is answered in the negative. Current sum-scores make little sense. The most inclusive summary measure is still how long and happily people live
Global Challenges to Liberal Democracy. Political Participation, Minorities and Migrations

First Volume of the work "Spheres of Global Justice" (Springer, Dordrecht, 2013).             Spheres of Global Justice is the collection of 63 lectures, which were given in the scope of the European Research and Training Network 'Applied Global Justice' (Framework Program of the European Commission, HPRN-CT-2002-0031). The Global Justice Network was a co-operation of 5 universities (Graz, Louvain, Saarbrücken, Tilburg, Zürich), two national research institutes (The French National Centre for Scientific Research - CNRS, the Spanish Centre for Scientific Research - CSIC), and the Peace Research Institute in Oslo (PRIO).\ud
The first volume Global Challeges to Liberal Democracy: Political Participation, Minorities and Migrations deals with global democracy, minority rights and cultural rights, and right to migration.European Commission (5th Framework Program)Peer reviewe
School Leadership, Literacy and Social Justice : The Place of Local School Curriculum Planning and Reform

School reform is a matter of both redistributive social justice and recognitive social justice. Following Fraser (Justice interruptus: critical reflections on the “postsocialist” condition. Routledge, New York, 1997), we begin from a philosophical and political commitment to the more equitable redistribution of knowledge, credentials, competence, and capacity to children of low socioeconomic, cultural, and linguistic minority and Indigenous communities whose access, achievement, and participation historically have “lagged” behind system norms and benchmarks set by middle class and dominant culture communities. At the same time, we argue that the recognition of these students and their communities’ lifeworlds, knowledges, and experiences in the curriculum, in classroom teaching, and learning is both a means and an end: a means toward improved achievement measured conventionally and a goal for reform and alteration of mainstream curriculum knowledge and what is made to count in the school as valued cultural knowledge and practice. The work that we report here was based on an ongoing 4-year project where a team of university teacher educators/researchers have partnered with school leadership and staff to build relationships within community. The purpose has been to study whether and how engagement with new digital arts and multimodal literacies could have effects on students “conventional” print literacy achievement and, secondly, to study whether and how the overall performance of a school could be generated through a focus on professional conversations and partnerships in curriculum and instruction – rather than the top-down implementation of a predetermined pedagogical scheme, package, or approach
Developing geographical indications in the South : The Southern African experience

Présentation de l'éditeur : This book contributes to the literature on Geographical Indications (GIs) by providing key theoretical reflections from a five-year review process on the potential of GIs for agri-food products in Southern Africa. The contributors reflect on diverse GI processes and dynamics which operate at the local, national and international levels, thus enriching the understanding of GI dynamics and of the variety of policy options available for GI protection in Southern countries. Following a discussion of the legal framework and governance of national GI schemes in Southern countries, the book emphasizes the main dimensions underlying the development of GIs and their potential for enhancing sustainable rural development and market access in particular. This provides the structure for the chapters that build on the different experiences of Southern African industries that have embarked on GI strategies. The book includes chapters on designing an appropriate legal framework and governance system for the development of GIs in Southern countries. Also included are analyses of local industry and collective action dynamics in the development of GIs, the public nature of GIs and the role of the State based on contrasted case studies on origin-labeled products, including Rooibos, Karoo lamb, Karakul pelts and Camdeboo mohair. Developing Geographical Indications in the South: The Southern African Experience presents lessons of value to policymakers, industry representatives and academics in Southern countries in general. Contents: Preface. 1. Why the need to consider GIs in the South? (Cerkia Bramley, Estelle Biénabe). 2. Designing an appropriate legal framework and governance system for GI development in Southern countries (Cerkia Bramley, Delphine Marie-Vivien, Estelle Biénabe). 3. Collective action dynamics and product reputation (Estelle Biénabe, Johann Kirsten, Cerkia Bramley). 4. Private versus public quality schemes for origin-labelled products: Insights from the Karakul pelts and Camdeboo mohair industries (Estelle Biénabe,Danie Jordaan, Cerkia Bramley). 5. Institution building and local industry dynamics: Lessons from the Rooibos GI initiative (Dirk Troskie, Estelle Biénabe). 6. Guidelines for selecting successful GI products (Cerkia Bramley, Estelle Biénabe
Perceptions and Appropriations of Discourses in the National Park Island of Ons (Galicia, Spain)

In this chapter we analyze the discourses and conflicts of the actors linked to the island of Ons (Galicia, Spain). On this island, which is a National Park, we address the following questions: Who are the social actors of the island? What kinds of conflicts are occurring on it? Who is involved? How to explain the existence of conflicts on the island now? To answer these questions, we follow a multidisciplinary approach based on Rural Archeology and Anthropology. As main results we identify five key social actors whose discourses are very differently linked to one another. At the same time, we could see a shift in landscape management strategies that confronts different models of urbanity and rurality, which are part of the dichotomies of modernityPeer reviewe
Hydrodynamics and Sediment Transport in a Macro-tidal Estuary: Darwin Harbour, Australia

Sediment dynamics studies were undertaken for Darwin Harbour (DH), which is a tidal dominated mangrove system in the Northern Territory of Australia. DH is located in a region with extensive mangrove and tidal flat areas, which function as trapping zones of fine cohesive sediment. Transport of sediment was estimated for the dry season, and thus river discharge was negligible. Numerical simulations were also made with two scenarios: (S1) where the numerical mesh included mangrove and tidal flats, and (S2) in which the mesh neglected these areas. For the first scenario, the formation of two Estuarine Turbidity Maxima zones (ETM) were verified, and located at the inner and outer harbour. In addition to the formation of ETM zones, for the second scenario increased tidal asymmetry was predicted, which resulted in landward sediment transport. The suspended sediment concentration within these ETM zones was modulated by spring and neap tidal conditions. From our simulations we demonstrated that the sediment transport of small particles, e.g. 2 μm particle size, in DH is driven by flood dominance, which is affected by wet/dry areas such as mangroves and tidal flats. Therefore, mangrove areas of DH may trap fine sediment for long periods, and if the trapped sediment carries pollutants one would expect conditions similar to many European estuaries, where pollutant sediment has been found to be buried for over tens to hundreds of years.Full Tex
Predicting Spatial and Stratigraphic Quick-clay Distribution in SW Sweden

Clay sediments are associated with a wide variety of engineering problems, of which landslides, together with settlement, are the most investigated due to the large associated costs. Quick-clay deposits, which if disturbed can transform into a liquid, pose a serious threat to society in southwestern Sweden and have been involved in several large landslides, sometimes with fatal consequences. Even though the theories that explain quick-clay formation are well advanced, no modeling that combine geologic information and reasoning with hard geotechnical data to predict its distribution has previously been done.
The stepwise multi-criteria evaluation technique suggested here involves identification of quick-clay preconditions from the literature. Then to derive criteria priorities, an expert group consisting mostly of geologists and geotechnical engineers carried out pairwise comparisons using matrices from which weights were calculated. The same group also participated in the development of the utility functions used to standardize the criteria to allow direct criteria comparisons. To populate the model, all criteria were quantified using empirical geotechnical data, existing geological documentation and/or environmental proxy data. The model results were later cross-checked at selected sites with geophysical methods. Finally, a rather large geotechnical data set was divided and used to add a depth dimension to the model results and to test the predic-tive powers of 2D and 3D models.
Quick-clay type settings were separately defined to facilitate clear communication of quick-clay predictions to non-specialists and to provide a structure for comparisons to the depositionary and post-depositionary conditions in well-studied east-Canadian or mid-and Norwegian quick-clay areas. These settings were derived from trends observed in geotechnical, geologic, geophysical and modeling records.
Results of the predictive modeling were subsequently applied to landslide hazard zonation in SW Sweden. However, the framework could, with slight regional adaptionadaptation, also be applied in other areas (e.g. eastern Canada and coastal mid-Norway) or even to other issues, wherever groundwater fluxes and ground conditions are of interest (e.g. in contaminant transport, geological process studies and groundwater resource exploration)
Patterns and trends in urban biodiversity and landscape design

Urbanization destroys or modifi es native habitats and creates new ones with its infrastructure. Because of these changes, urban landscapes favor non-native and native species that are generalists. Nevertheless, cities reveal a great variety of habitats and species, and, especially in temperate cities, the diversity of vascular plants and birds can be higher than in the surrounding landscapes. The actual occurrence of a species, however, depends on habitat availability and quality, the spatial arrangements of habitats, species pools, a species’ adaptability and natural history, and site history. In addition, cities are particularly human-made ecological systems. Top- down and bottom-up activities of planners, land managers, and citizens create the urban biodiversity in general and in detail. Plants and animals in cities are the everyday life contact with nature of the most humans on our earth. The intrinsic interplay of social and ecological systems with a city often forms unique biotic assemblages inherent to that city. To support native biodiversity, landscape architects, conservation biologists, and other groups are linking landscape design with ecosystem structure and function to create and restore habitats and reintroduce native species in cities
An open-source toolbox for motion analysis of closed-chain mechanisms

Many situations in Robotics require an effective analysis of the motions of a closed-chain mechanism. Despite appearing very often in practice (e.g. in parallel manipulators, reconfigurable robots, or molecular compounds), there is a lack of general tools to effectively analyze the complex configuration spaces of such systems. This paper describes the CUIK suite, an open-source toolbox for motion analysis of general closed-chain mechanisms. The package can determine the motion range of the whole mechanism or of some of its parts, detect singular configurations leading to control or dexterity issues, or find collision- and singularity-free paths between given configurations. The toolbox is the result of several years of research and development within the Kinematics and Robot Design group at IRI, Barcelona, and is available under GPLv3 license from http://www.iri.upc.edu/cuik.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft
On the symmetric molecular conjectures

A molecular linkage consists of a set of rigid bodies pairwise connected by revolute hinges where all hinge lines of each body are concurrent. It is an important problem in biochemistry, as well as in robotics, to efficiently analyze the motions of such linkages. The theory of generic rigidity of body-bar frameworks addresses this problem via fast combinatorial algorithms. However, recent work has shown that symmetry (a common feature of many molecular and mechanical structures) can lead to additional motions. These motions typically maintain the original symmetry of the structure throughout the path, and they can often be detected via simple combinatorial counts. In this paper, we outline how these symmetry-based mathematical counts and methods can be used to efficiently predict the motions of symmetric molecular linkages, and we numerically analyze configuration spaces supporting the symmetric Molecular Conjectures formulated herein.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author’s final draft
A closed-form solution of spatial sliders for rigid-body guidance

This paper presents a closed-form solution to the four-position synthesis
problem by using a spatial slider, which is a spatial dyad of two perpendicularly
intersected cylindrical joints. We utilize the dialytic elimination method to simplify
the synthesis equations and to obtain a univariate ninth degree polynomial equation.
Among the nine sets of solutions, two of them are infinite, and one is the displacement
screw from the first position to the second position. Therefore, we have at
most six real solutions that can be used to design spatial sliders for the four-position
synthesis problem. A numerical example is provided in to demonstrate the validity
of the solution procedure
When arts enter organizational spaces : implications for organizational learning

This chapter addresses a new approach to organizational learning, namely, artistic interventions, which encompass a variety of ways that people, products, and practices from the world of the arts enter the world of organizations. Although the field has grown rapidly, little empirical research has been conducted on what actually happens inside organizations during and after artistic interventions. The author argues that, to close gaps and correct for biases in existing work, future research will need to engage multiple stakeholders (employees, artists, managers, intermediaries, and policy-makers), address multiple ways of knowing, especially the neglected bodily senses, and draw on concepts and methods from diverse disciplines.Eingereichte Fassung (preprint) / Submitted version (preprint
Lifelong learning and schools as community learning centres :  key aspects of a national curriculum draft policy framework for Malta

The island of Malta has been engaged in policy document formulations for curriculum renewal in the country’s educational system (4-16 years of age) since 1988 when the first National Minimum Curriculum (henceforth NMC) was launched (Wain, 1991; Borg et al, 1995). In 1999 a revamped NMC (Ministry of Education, 1999) was developed following a long process of consultation involving various stages and stakeholders. It was a compromise document (Borg & Mayo, 2006) which emerged as a result of reactions to a more radical and coherent draft document produced in 1988.\ud
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Both curricular documents were subject to debates and critiques (Wain, 1991; Darmanin, 1993; Borg et al, 1995; Giordmaina, 2000; Borg and Mayo, 2006). More recently a series of volumes providing guidelines, key principles and aims for a national curriculum framework (henceforth NCF) have been produced (MEEF, 2011a,b,c,d) and are currently the target of debate and the focus of reactions by various stakeholders in education including teachers who were asked to read the volumes and provide reactions in the form of answers to a set questionnaire. In this paper, I will focus on one aspect of the documents, the first of its three aims: ‘Learners who are capable of successfully developing their full potential as lifelong learners.’ It is that aspect of the framework documents that falls within the purview of the title for this special issue. The use of this notion attests to the influence of the EU’s policy communications on member states, Malta having joined the Union in 2004 (Mayo, 2007)
HiZELS: the High Redshift Emission Line Survey with UKIRT

In these proceedings we report on HiZELS, the High-z Emission Line Survey,
our successful panoramic narrow-band Campaign Survey using WFCAM on UKIRT to
detect and study emission line galaxies at z~1-9. HiZELS employs the H2(S1)
narrow-band filter together with custom-made narrow-band filters in the J and
H-bands, with the primary aim of delivering large, identically-selected samples
of H-alpha emitting galaxies at redshifts of 0.84, 1.47 and 2.23. Comparisons
between the luminosity function, the host galaxy properties, the clustering,
and the variation with environment of these H-alpha-selected samples are
yielding unique constraints on the nature and evolution of star-forming
galaxies, across the peak epoch of star-formation activity in the Universe. We
provide a summary of the project status, and detail the main scientific results
obtained so far: the measurement of the evolution of the cosmic star-formation
rate density out to z > 2 using a single star-formation indicator,
determination of the morphologies, environments and dust-content of the
star-forming galaxies, and a detailed investigation of the evolution of their
clustering properties. We also summarise the on-going work and future goals of
the project.Comment: To appear in proceedings of "UKIRT at 30: A British Success Story"
The 'little r' in Artistic Research Training

The idea of 'artistic research' is increasingly gaining acceptance in the academy, one of its characteristics being that it accepts subjectivity (aka 'little r' research) as opposed to traditional scientific or statistical methods ('big R' research). Artists investigate, test and question their work, where the personal insights gained are placed in a context aiming to enhance knowledge both for themselves and within their own disciplines. This chapter details a number of interwoven components which present both familiar and unfamiliar thinking about musical practices in order to explore the following questions: How may musical thinking and its artistic outcomes be considered 'research'? And, in what ways may its artefacts best serve to exemplify this?Arts, Education & Law Group, Queensland ConservatoriumFull Tex
Derivation of input/output relationships for the Bennett 6R linkages based on the method of decomposition

The Bennett overconstrained 6R linkages are the double-planar, the double-spherical and the plano-spherical 6R linkages. These mechanisms are obtained by combining simple planar and/or spher-ical mechanisms and then removing one of the common links. This paper presents the derivation of the input/output relationships for these mechanisms using the decomposition method. This method is based on writing the input/output equations for the two imaginary loops comprising the 6R mechanism and then eliminating the imaginary joint variable. It is found that the resulting input/output equations con-tain up to 4th power of trigonometric terms, such as cos4 θ
Experimental superheating and cavitation of water and solutions at spinodal-like negative pressures

International audienceThe superheated liquids are metastable with respect to their vapour, what means they can exist under arid conditions whatever the temperature: capillary liquid extracted from arid soils (desert shrubs, Mars sub-surface, ...), solutions in the deep Earth crust, or water involved in rapid disequilibrium events (terrestrial or submarine geysers). The superheating state changes the solvent properties of liquids, and so modifies phase transitions (solid-liquid, liquid-vapor) P-T-X conditions. The synthetic fluid inclusion (SFI) enables to fabricate micro-volumes of hand-made liquid dispersed inside quartz, which readily superheat. Volumes of SFI are intermediate between macro-systems, in which superheating is restricted to around -30-35 MPa with very short lifetime, and nanosystems, wherein confinement effects predominate and in which the host size is similar to the one of the critical nucleus of vapour phase (huge nucleation barrier). This volume-to-metastability relationship is still to be defined quantitatively, and we are targeting to combine thermometric classical measurements with spectrometric characterizations, enabling to establish the threshold between micro- and nano-systems precisely. Meanwhile, the experiments performed so far illustrate the diversity of contexts and situations that could be impacted by superheating issues
Geochemistry of Capillary Hydrogeochemical Systems in Arid Environments

International audienceIn arid environments, porous media are unsaturated with water which is submitted to capillary constraints. The present chapter focuses on the geochemical impacts of such physical constraints and how theoretical analysis can help interpreting field or laboratory observations. The basic principles of capillary geochemistry suggest that the fate of contaminants, either organic or inorganic, can be significantly impacted in terms of reactive mass transfer in addition to flow and transport processes. All these mechanisms are closely interconnected, what makes the description of the behavior of such systems very complicated. An important work still has to be done in order to achieve such a goal: a number of mechanisms are not taken into account in the current state of development of the capillary geochemistry, namely mechanisms that occur in the thinnest confining geometries, like disjoining pressures, surface forces, etc