pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
210Pb-derived history of PAHs and PCBs accumulationin sediments of a tropical inner Lagoon (Las Matas,Gulf of Mexico) near a major oil refinery

Concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in a\ud
sediment core from the tropical freshwater inner lagoon of Las Matas, near the petroleum industrial area of Minatitla´n-Coatzacoalcos,\ud
in the Gulf of Mexico. A 210Pb-derived chronology was used to reconstruct the historical PAH and PCB accumulation\ud
in the site during one century (1906–2005). Both geochemical and sedimentological data indicated that a major change\ud
occurred in 1947 ± 4, including a shift to coarser sediments and a significant decrease of Al, Li, Fe, organic C and total N\ud
contents. This was likely due to the changes in hydrology caused by the confinement of Las Matas Lagoon due to the construction\ud
of the Trans-Isthmus road in 1946. PAHs in these samples show relatively low concentrations (259–1176 ng g1),\ud
and the congener relative abundances indicate the influence of pyrogenic (petroleum combustion) sources. Total PCB concentrations\ud
in the sediments ranged from 24 to 77 ng g1, and are composed by low chlorinated PCBs, with 3- and 4-CB as the\ud
prevalent species (51–65% and 29–40%, respectively). PAHs and PCBs were detected at depths corresponding to the early\ud
1900s, when Minatitla´n refinery started operations, although their time evolution appears to be influenced by different accumulation\ud
processes. The PCB background is most likely produced by the combustion of natural organic matter, and an industrial\ud
contribution can be recognized when normalizing with OC contents. We concluded that atmospheric deposition is the\ud
most significant source of PAHs and PCBs for this water body. This study also provided evidence of the alteration of the\ud
wetlands surrounding this industrial area due to urbanization; the fragmentation and alteration of Las Matas Lagoon hydrology\ud
contributes to the gradual loss of the wetlands in the zone
Clinical characteristics associated with the prescribing of SSRI medication in adolescents with major unipolar depression

Unipolar major depressions (MD) emerge markedly during adolescence. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) UK recommends psychological therapies, with accompanying selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) prescribed in severe cases only. Here, we seek to determine the extent and rationale of SSRI prescribing in adolescent MD before entering a randomised clinical trial. SSRI prescribing, together with their clinical characteristics was determined in 465 adolescent patients with MD prior to receiving a standardised psychological therapy as part of the Improving mood with psychoanalytic and cognitive therapies (IMPACT) clinical trial. Overall, 88 (19 %) had been prescribed antidepressants prior to psychological treatment. The clinical correlates varied by gender: respectively, depression severity in boys and self-harming behaviours in girls. Prescribing also differed between clinical research centres. Medical practitioners consider severity of depression in boys as an indicator for antidepressant prescribing. Self-injury in girls appears to be utilised as a prescribing aid which is inconsistent with past and current revised UK NICE guidelines
Decomposition of the different contributions to permittivity, losses, and tunability in BaSrTiO3 thin films using the hyperbolic law

International audienceIn this paper, the different contributions to the permittivity of a 1% manganese-doped BaSrTiO3 thin film are presented as a function of the applied DC field. The hyperbolic law has been used to discern the lattice, domain wall vibration, and pinning/unpinning contributions. This decomposition permits us to study the weight of the respective contribution in the total permittivity, the losses, and the tunability. By determining the figure of merit (FoM) of each contribution, the ratio between tun-ability and losses, it is possible to identify the phenomenon which should be limited or enhanced in order to optimize the material's dielectric properties. It is shown that the tunability of the domain wall contribution (approximately 80%) is very important compared to the lattice contribution (41%), the associated dissipation factor, however, is also much larger (0.2 instead of 0.014). Even if the domain wall contribution has been shown to be weak in the investigated thin film (less than 3% in permittivity and tunability), the weight of the losses is not negligible (around 18%). Hence, the domain contribution has to be limited in order to conserve a high FoM for the material. Moreover, it is shown that the AC field used for the material's characterization is important because it governs the weight of the domain wall losses and thus the FoM
Topographic growth around the Orange River valley, southern Africa: A Cenozoic record of crustal deformation and climatic change

International audienceWe reconstruct the history of topographic growth in southern Africa on both sides of the Orange River valley from an integrated analysis of erosion surfaces, crustal deformation and climate change. First, we propose an inventory of erosion surfaces observed in the study area and classify them according to their most likely formative process, i.e. chemical weathering or mechanical erosion. Among the various land units observed we define a new class of landform: the pedivalley, which corresponds to a wide valley with a flat erosional floor. In the Orange River valley, we mapped three low-relief erosion surfaces, each bevelling a variety of lithologies. The oldest and most elevated is (1) a stripped etchplain evolving laterally into (2) a stepped pediplain bearing residual inselbergs; (3) a younger pediplain later formed in response to a more recent event of crustal deformation. These are all Cenozoic landforms: the etchplain is associated with a late Palaeocene to middle Eocene weathering event, and the two pediplains are older than the middle Miocene alluvial terraces of the Orange River. Landscape evolution was first driven by slow uplift (10 m/Ma), followed by a second interval of uplift involving a cumulative magnitude of at least 200 m. This event shaped the transition between the two pediplains and modified the drainage pattern. A final phase of uplift (magnitude: 60 m) occurred after the Middle Miocene and drove the incision of the lower terraces of the Orange River. Climate exerted a major control over the denudation process, and involved very humid conditions responsible for lateritic weathering, followed by more arid conditions, which promoted the formation of pedivalleys. Collectively, these produce pediplains
Effects of Fe competition on REE binding to humic acid: Origin of REE pattern variability in organic waters

International audienceCompetitivemechanisms between rare earth elements (REE) and iron (Fe) for humic acid (HA) bindingwere investigated by coupling laboratory experiments and modeling calculations using PHREEQC/Model VI. This study aims, firstly, at determining the effect of Fe on REE-HA binding, in order to explain the REE pattern variability observed in natural organic-rich waters. Secondly, it has previously been shown that light and heavy REE (Land HREE) speciation with HA molecules differ with pH. Therefore, REE-HA complexation patterns have been used as a probe of Fe-HA binding mechanisms. At pH 3, i.e. pH conditions at which Fe3+ binds to HA, Fe is shown to be a strong competitor for heavy REE (HREE), suggesting that Fe3+ has a marked affinity for the few strong HA multidentate sites. At pH 6, i.e. under pH conditions atwhich hydrolyzed Fe species bind to HA, Fe appears to compete equally for every REE, thereby indicating that Fe has the samerelative affinity for carboxylic and phenolic HA sites as LREE and HREE, respectively. Fractionation of REE in organic-rich natural waters depends mainly on the coupling of two factors: (i) the total dissolved metal concentration (i.e. the HA metal loading) and (ii) the competition between REE and major cations (i.e. Fe and Al). The pH, which regulates the speciation of these competitive metals, is, therefore, indirectly the main controlling factor of REE fractionation in organic-rich waters
Generalized Sobol sensitivity indices for dependent variables: numerical methods

International audienceThe hierarchically orthogonal functional decomposition of any measurable function f of a random vector X=(X_1,...,X_p) consists in decomposing f(X) into a sum of increasing dimension functions depending only on a subvector of X. Even when X_1,..., X_p are assumed to be dependent, this decomposition is unique if components are hierarchically orthogonal. That is, two of the components are orthogonal whenever all the variables involved in one of the summands are a subset of the variables involved in the other. Setting Y=f(X), this decomposition leads to the definition of generalized sensitivity indices able to quantify the uncertainty of Y with respect to the dependent inputs X. In this paper, a numerical method is developed to identify the component functions of the decomposition using the hierarchical orthogonality property. Furthermore, the asymptotic properties of the components estimation is studied, as well as the numerical estimation of the generalized sensitivity indices of a toy model. Lastly, the method is applied to a model arising from a real-world problem
Faunal responses to oxygen gradients on the Pakistan margin: A comparison of foraminiferans, macrofauna and megafauna

The Pakistan Margin is characterised by a strong mid-water oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) that intercepts the seabed at bathyal depths (150–1300 m). We investigated whether faunal abundance and diversity trends were similar among protists (foraminiferans and gromiids), metazoan macrofauna and megafauna along a transect (140–1850 m water depth) across the OMZ during the 2003 intermonsoon (March–May) and late/post-monsoon (August–October) seasons. All groups exhibited some drop in abundance in the OMZ core (250–500 m water depth; O2: 0.10–0.13 mL L−1=4.46–5.80 μM) but to differing degrees. Densities of foraminiferans &gt;63 μm were slightly depressed at 300 m, peaked at 738 m, and were much lower at deeper stations. Foraminiferans &gt;300 μm were the overwhelmingly dominant macrofaunal organisms in the OMZ core. Macrofaunal metazoans reached maximum densities at 140 m depth, with additional peaks at 850, 940 and 1850 m where foraminiferans were less abundant. The polychaete Linopherus sp. was responsible for a macrofaunal biomass peak at 950 m. Apart from large swimming animals (fish and natant decapods), metazoan megafauna were absent between 300 and 900 m (O2 &lt;0.14–0.15 mL L−1=6.25–6.69 μM) but were represented by a huge, ophiuroid-dominated abundance peak at 1000 m (O2 ∼0.15–0.18 mL L−1=6.69–8.03 μM). Gromiid protists were confined largely to depths below 1150 m (O2 &gt;0.2 mL L−1=8.92 μM). The progressively deeper abundance peaks for foraminiferans (&gt;63 μm), Linopherus sp. and ophiuroids probably represent lower OMZ boundary edge effects and suggest a link between body size and tolerance of hypoxia. Macro- and megafaunal organisms collected between 800 and 1100 m were dominated by a succession of different taxa, indicating that the lower part of the OMZ is also a region of rapid faunal change. Species diversity was depressed in all groups in the OMZ core, but this was much more pronounced for macrofauna and megafauna than for foraminiferans. Oxygen levels strongly influenced the taxonomic composition of all faunal groups. Calcareous foraminiferans dominated the seasonally and permanently hypoxic sites (136–300 m); agglutinated foraminiferans were relatively more abundant at deeper stations where oxygen concentrations were &gt;0.13 mL L−1(=5.80 μM). Polychaetes were the main macrofaunal taxon within the OMZ; calcareous macrofauna and megafauna (molluscs and echinoderms) were rare or absent where oxygen levels were lowest. The rarity of larger animals between 300 and 700 m on the Pakistan Margin, compared with the abundant macrofauna in the OMZ core off Oman, is the most notable contrast between the two sides of the Arabian Sea. This difference probably reflects the slightly higher oxygen levels and better food quality on the western side
Combined geochemical and electrochemical methodology to quantify corrosion of carbon steel by bacterial activity.

International audienceThe availability of respiratory substrates, such as H2 and Fe(II,III) solid corrosion products within nuclear waste repository, will sustain the activities of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria (HOB) and iron-reducing bacteria (IRB). This may have a direct effect on the rate of carbon steel corrosion. This study investigates the effects of Shewanella oneidensis (an HOB and IRB model organism) on the corrosion rate by looking at carbon steel dissolution in the presence of H2 as the sole electron donor. Bacterial effect is evaluated by means of geochemical and electrochemical techniques. Both showed that the corrosion rate is enhanced by a factor of 2-3 in the presence of bacteria. The geochemical experiments indicated that the composition and crystallinity of the solid corrosion products (magnetite and vivianite) are modified by bacteria. Moreover, the electrochemical experiments evidenced that the bacterial activity can be stimulated when H2 is generated in a small confinement volume. In this case, a higher corrosion rate and mineralization (vivianite) on the carbon steel surface were observed. The results suggest that the mechanism likely to influence the corrosion rate is the bioreduction of Fe(III) from magnetite coupled to the H2 oxidation
Detection of tetragonal zirconia in alumina–zirconia powders by thermoluminescence

International audienceThe thermoluminescence (TL) after excitation by UV or X-rays radiation of alumina-zirconia powders is investigated. The composites present five of the characteristic peaks of zirconia at −170, −145, −90, 0 and 95 °C. After a thermal treatment of mixed oxides, a new peak is observed at −35 °C in TL. This peak reveals the presence of stabilized tetragonal zirconia in the material. Moreover by comparing this analysis with those realised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), it can by shown that the TL has one better limit of detection than the XRD
ISODEC Experiment: study and comparison of the decay mode of 78Kr+ 40Ca and 86Kr+48Ca systems at 10 AMeV

International audienceWe present the first results of the ISODEC experiment, performed at the INFN-LNS with the CHIMERA device, in order to study the competition between the various disintegration modes of 118,134Ba compound nuclei produced by bombarding 40,48Ca targets with beams of 78,86Kr at 10 AMeV. This work aims thus to explore the isospin dependence of the decay modes of medium mass compound nuclei formed by fusion processes. The experiment complements data already obtained at 5.5 MeV/A for 78,82Kr+40Ca reactions, studied by Ademard et al. with beams delivered by GANIL facility and by using the INDRA detector
MAYA: An active-target detector for binary reactions with exotic beams

International audienceWith recent improvements in the production of radioactive beams in facilities such as SPIRAL at GANIL, a larger area of the nuclear chart is now accessible for experimentation. For these usually low-intensity and low-energy secondary beams, we have developed the new MAYA detector based on the active-target concept. This device allows to use a relatively thick target without loss of resolution by using the detection gas as target material. Dedicated 3D tracking, particle identification, energy loss and range measurements allow complete kinematic reconstruction of reactions taking place inside MAYA
True cosmic microwave background power spectrum estimation

International audienceAims. The cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectrum is a powerful cosmological probe as it entails almost the entire statistical information of CMB perturbations. Having access to only one sky, the CMB power spectrum measured by our experiments is only a realization of the true underlying angular power spectrum. We aim to recover the true underlying CMB power spectrum from the one realization that we have without knowing the cosmological parameters. Methods. The sparsity of the CMB power spectrum is rst investigated in two dictionaries; discrete cosine transform (DCT) and wavelet transform (WT). The CMB power spectrum can be recovered with very few coe cients in these two dictionaries and hence is very compressible. Results. We studied the performance of these dictionaries in smoothing a set of simulated power spectra. Based on this, we developed a technique that estimates the true underlying CMB power spectrum from data, i.e., without a need to know the cosmological parameters. Conclusions. This smooth estimated spectrum can be used to simulate CMB maps with similar properties as the true CMB simulations with the correct cosmological parameters. This allows us to perform Monte Carlo simulations in a given project without having to know the cosmological parameters. The developed IDL code, TOUSI, for theoretical power spectrum using sparse estimation, will be released with the next version of ISAP
FAMILIAR: A Domain-Specific Language for Large Scale Management of Feature Models

International audienceThe feature model formalism has become the de facto standard for managing variability in software product lines (SPLs). In practice, developing an SPL can involve modeling a large number of features representing di erent viewpoints, sub-systems or concerns of the software system. This activity is generally tedious and error-prone. In this article, we present FAMILIAR a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) that is dedicated to the large scale management of feature models and that complements existing tool support. The language provides a powerful support for separating concerns in feature modeling, through the provision of composition and decomposition operators, reasoning facilities and scripting capabilities with modularization mechanisms. We illustrate how an SPL consisting of medical imaging services can be practically managed using reusable FAMILIAR scripts that implement reasoning mechanisms. We also report on various usages and applications of FAMILIAR and its operators, to demonstrate their applicability to di erent domains and use for di erent purposes
Learning from experience or learning from others? Inferring informal training from a human capital earnings function with matched employer–employee data

International audienceA model of informal training which combines learning from own experience and learning from others is proposed in this paper. It yields a closed-form solution that revises Mincer–Jovanovic's [Mincer, J., Jovanovic, B., 1981. Labor mobility and wages. In: Rosen, S. (Ed.), Studies in Labor Markets. Chicago University Press, Chicago, pp. 21–64] treatment of tenure in the human capital earnings function. We estimate the structural parameters of this non-linear model on a large French cross-section with matched employer–employee data. We find that workers on average can learn from others 10% of their own human capital on entering one plant, and catch half of their learning from others' potential in just 2 years. The private marginal returns to education are declining with education as more educated workers have less to learn from others and share the social returns of their own education with their less qualified co-workers. The potential for learning from others on the job varies across jobs and establishments, and this provides a new distinction between imitation jobs and experience jobs. Workers in imitation jobs, who learn most from others, tend to have considerably longer tenure than workers in experience jobs. Although workers in experience jobs can learn little from others, we find that they learn a lot by themselves. We document several analogies between the imitation jobs/experience jobs “dualism” and the primary/secondary jobs and firms' dualism implied by the dual labor market theory. However, our binary classification of jobs depicts the data more closely than the dual theory categorization into primary-type and secondary-type establishments. Competition prevails between jobs and firms but jobs differ by their learning technology
What can tell the quantum chemical topology on carbon–astatine bonds?

International audienceThe nature of carbon-astatine bonds involved in some model species that mimic 211 At-labelled biomolecules, was investigated by means of ELF and QTAIM analyzes in a context of two-component relativistic computations. The nature of the bonded carbon atom proved to be decisive. When At is bonded to an ethynyl group, some charge delocalization with the vicinal triple CC bond strengthens the At-C bond and gives it a multiple bond character. However, At displays also a large positive charge which may alter the in vivo stability of such At-C bonds. In the case of an isopropyl group, the At-C bond is less polarized but also much weaker. In contrast, the bond remains strong whilst retaining a small At positive charge when At is bonded to an sp 2 carbon atom. Hence, these latter results rationalize why aromatic or aryl groups appear reasonably suited for a priori stable radiolabelling of biomolecules with 211 At in the context of alpha therapy
MoDisco: a Model Driven Reverse Engineering Framework

International audienceMost companies, independently of their size and activity type, are facing the problem of managing, maintaining and/or replacing (part of) their existing software systems. These legacy systems are often large applications playing a critical role in the company's information system and with a non-negligible impact on its daily operations. Improving their comprehension (e.g., architecture, features, enforced rules, handled data) is a key point when dealing with their evolution/modernization. The process of obtaining useful higher-level representations of (legacy) systems is called reverse engineering (RE), and remains a complex goal to achieve. So-called Model Driven Reverse Engineering (MDRE) has been proposed to enhance more traditional RE processes. However, generic and extensible MDRE solutions potentially addressing several kinds of scenarios relying on diff erent legacy technologies are still missing or incomplete. This paper proposes to make a step in this direction. MDRE is the application of Model Driven Engineering (MDE) principles and techniques to RE in order to generate relevant model-based views on legacy systems, thus facilitating their understanding and manipulation. In this context, MDRE is practically used in order to 1) discover initial models from the legacy artifacts composing a given system and 2) understand (process) these models to generate relevant views (i.e., derived models) on this system. Capitalizing on the diff erent MDRE practices and our previous experience (e.g., in real modernization projects), this paper introduces and details the MoDisco open source MDRE framework. It also presents the underlying MDRE global methodology and architecture accompanying this proposed tooling. MoDisco is intended to make easier the design and building of model-based solutions dedicated to legacy systems RE. As an empirical evidence of its relevance and usability, we report on its successful application in real industrial projects and on the concrete experience we gained from that