pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Towards a Semantic Knowledge Life Cycle Approach for Aerospace Design
Engineering

The efficient and effective management of knowledge is becoming increasingly
important within the aerospace design engineering sector due to the complexity
of product development. Semantic technology is becoming mainstream technology
and is being applied by many disciplines for the management of complex
knowledge. However, there is a lack of a semantic knowledge life cycle to
support the semantic knowledge management discipline. This paper presents a
systematic knowledge life cycle (KLC) for supporting the semantic knowledge
management discipline with a particular emphasis on the importance of
structuring knowledge. The semantic KLC comprises eight stages namely: (1)
Understand the domain (2) Structure (3) Enrich vocabulary (4) Capture (5)
Represent (6) Interpret the „know how‟ (7) Share (8) KBE system. This research
project adopts a qualitative approach and a five-phased research methodology. An
illustrative scenario within the aerospace engineering industry for producing
gas turbine systems is used to demonstrate the practicality and applicability of
the proposed approach. The semantic KLC supports a shared agreement of meaning
and understanding between design and manufacturing engin
Towards a cost modelling framework for outsourcing ERP systems

ERP systems are costly, complex and require high-qualified people to manage
them. In the current economic cliamt, when companies need to cut off costs,
avoid expensive in-house skilled people and being focused on the core of their
businesses, outsourcing ERP systems could be a solution to consider. The aim of
this paper is to provide a framework that represents the first step towards the
development of a cost modelling framework for outsourcing ERP systems which may
help companies to select ERP providers and understand real outsourcing costs
Planning Manufacturing in a Concurrent Engineering Environment: A Case Study

This paper presents an investigation of current state practice of the
Manufacturing Engineering discipline for concurrent manufacturing planning. The
research adopted a case study approach and has been conducted at a globally
operating manufacturer of aerospace products. The investigation establishes how
information systems and the cross-functional teaming enable integrated processes
for planning the manufacturing method to progress simultaneously with design in
a lean and efficient manner. It applies value stream analysis to understand
where value and non-value is added in these transactional processes
Set-Based Concurrent Engineering process within the LeanPPD environment

This paper presents a newly defined set-based concurrent engineering process,
which the authors believe addresses some of the key challenges faced by
engineering enterprises in the 21st century. The main principles of Set-Based
Concurrent Engineering (SBCE) have been identified via an extensive literature
review. Based on these principles the SBCE baseline model was developed. The
baseline model defines the stages and activities which represent the product
development process to be employed in the LeanPPD (lean product and process
development) project. The LeanPPD project is addressing the needs of European
manufacturing companies for a new model that extends beyond lean manufacturing,
and incorporates lean thinking in the product design development process
Recognition of Tables and Forms

International audienceTables and forms are a very common way to organize information in structureddocuments. Their recognition is fundamental for the recognition of the documents.Indeed, the physical organization of a table or a form gives a lot ofinformation concerning the logical meaning of the content.This chapter presents the different tasks that are related to the recognitionof tables and forms and the associated well-known methods and remaining challenges. Three main tasks are pointed out: the detection of tables in heterogeneousdocuments; the classification of tables and forms, according to predefinedmodels; and the recognition of table and form contents. The complexity of thesethree tasks is related to the kind of studied document: image-based document ordigital-born documents. At last, this chapter will introduce some existing systemsfor table and form analysis
Sign Language Recognition

This chapter covers the key aspects of sign-language recognition (SLR), starting with a brief introduction to the motivations and requirements, followed by a précis of sign linguistics and their impact on the field. The types of data available and the relative merits are explored allowing examination of the features which can be extracted. Classifying the manual aspects of sign (similar to gestures) is then discussed from a tracking and non-tracking viewpoint before summarising some of the approaches to the non-manual aspects of sign languages. Methods for combining the sign classification results into full SLR are given showing the progression towards speech recognition techniques and the further adaptations required for the sign specific case. Finally the current frontiers are discussed and the recent research presented. This covers the task of continuous sign recognition, the work towards true signer independence, how to effectively combine the different modalities of sign, making use of the current linguistic research and adapting to larger more noisy data set
Work relations and the multiple dimensions of the work-life boundary: Hairstyling at home

This article proposes a multidimensional approach to analysis of the work-life boundary and examines the affects of particular social and organizational relations on the preservation or porous-ness of different dimensions. In line with Nippert-Eng (1996), it is suggested that different dimensions of the boundary are reinforced or weakened by different social and organizational pressures. Analysis describes a specific type of multidimensional breaching – instances when work is taken outside of the worksite (spatial breaching) and is carried out outside of work-time (temporal breaching). Empirical research was conducted among hairstylists working in salons and barbershops in a city in the North of England. Because of the nature of the tasks involved in hairstyling – that the skills involved are widely exchangeable and so may be employed in extra-work environments and temporalities – hairstylists provide a nice site for investigating the circumstances when this does (or does not) occur. Data collection involved a comprehensive self-completion survey of salons and barbershops in the city (response rate: 40%; N=132) and semi-structured interviews with 70 stylists working in 52 salons or barbershops. Findings demonstrate that work relations (hairstylists’ structural relations of production – whether a worker is an owner-proprietor, chair-renter, on-commission stylist, basic-only stylist, or trainee) are critical in determining both workers’ ability and desire to resist the seepage of work into their social lives as well as the particular dimensions of the boundary that are breached. This is because work relations affect the relative importance of four identified motivations for taking work out of the salon (income production; training; inter-personal reciprocity rooted in social relations; and inter-personal reciprocity rooted in the workplace)
Physiological Correlates of Volunteering

We review research on physiological correlates of volunteering, a neglected but promising research field. Some of these correlates seem to be causal factors influencing volunteering. Volunteers tend to have better physical health, both self-reported and expert-assessed, better mental health, and perform better on cognitive tasks. Research thus far has rarely examined neurological, neurochemical, hormonal, and genetic correlates of volunteering to any significant extent, especially controlling for other factors as potential confounds. Evolutionary theory and behavioral genetic research suggest the importance of such physiological factors in humans. Basically, many aspects of social relationships and social activities have effects on health (e.g., Newman and Roberts 2013; Uchino 2004), as the widely used biopsychosocial (BPS) model suggests (Institute of Medicine 2001). Studies of formal volunteering (FV), charitable giving, and altruistic behavior suggest that physiological characteristics are related to volunteering, including specific genes (such as oxytocin receptor [OXTR] genes, Arginine vasopressin receptor [AVPR] genes, dopamine D4 receptor [DRD4] genes, and 5-HTTLPR). We recommend that future research on physiological factors be extended to non-Western populations, focusing specifically on volunteering, and differentiating between different forms and types of volunteering and civic participation
Governmentality and counter-hegemony in Bangladesh

This book was published in Springer [© 2015 S. M. Shamsul Alam ] and the definite version is available at: http://www.springer.com/gp/book/9781137537140 The article website is at: http://link.springer.com/book/10.1007%2F978-1-137-52603-8Using Michel Foucault’s idea of governmentality, this book reinterprets various cases of revolt and popular uprisings in Bangladesh. It attempts to synthesize the theories of Foucault’s governmentality and Antonio Gramsci’s notions of hegemony and counter-hegemony.Publishe
Preverbs: an introduction

The notion ‘preverb’ is a traditional descriptive notion in Indo-European linguistics. It refers to morphemes that appear
 in front of a verb, and which form a close semantic unit with that verb. In many cases, the morpheme that functions as a preverb
 can also function without a preverbal context, often as an adverb or an adposition. Most linguists use the notion ‘preverb’
 as a cover term for preverbal words and preverbal prefixes. The preverb may be separated from the verb whilst retaining its
 close cohesion with the verb, which is called ‘tmesis’. It may also develop into a bound morpheme, that is, a prefix inseparable
 from the verb, with concomitant reduction of phonological form in some cases. If the preverb has become a real prefix, we
 may use the more specific notion of ‘complex verb’, whereas we take the notion ‘complex predicate’ to refer generally to multi-morphemic
 expressions with verbal valency. That is, we make a terminological distinction between complex predicates and complex verbs.
 The latter are multi-morphemic, but behave as single grammatical words
Recent developments in Holocene climate modelling

To improve our understanding of climate variability on decadal to centennial time-scales, it is crucial to use a hierarchy
 of climate models in addition to palaeoclimate reconstructions based on proxy data. Climate models give a physically consistent
 overview of the global climate on all time-scales. They are useful tools in palaeoclimatology, since: (i) they can be used
 to test hypotheses that have been inferred from palaeo-data; and (ii) they can provide plausible explanations of observed
 phenomena (e.g., Isarin and Renssen (1999), Kohfeld and Harrison (2000)). In recent years, considerable progress in palaeoclimate
 modelling has been made with the extensive use of models that consider the coupling of the different components of the climate
 system (atmosphere, ocean, sea-ice, vegetation). The aim of this paper is to inform the palaeo-data community on recent developments
 in palaeoclimate modelling, with special reference to the Holocene climate. In the first section, different model types and
 experiments are discussed, together with a short overview of Holocene climate modelling studies and differences between models
 and palaeo-data. In the second section, three important issues are further illustrated by discussing in detail three studies
 that use state-of-the-art models
Screening and absorption of gravitation in pre-relativistic and
  relativistic theories

After commenting on the early search for a mechanism explaining the Newtonian
action-at-a-distance gravitational law we review non-Newtonian effects
occurring in certain ansatzes for shielding, screening and absorption effects
in pre-relativistic theories of gravity. Mainly under the aspect of absorption
and suppression (or amplification), we then consider some implications of these
ansatzes for relativistic theories of gravity and discuss successes and
problems in establishing a general framework for a comparison of alternative
relativistic theories of gravity. We examine relativistic representatives of
theories with absorption and suppression (or amplification) effects, such as
fourth-order theories, tetrad theories and the Einstein-Cartan-Kibble-Sciama
theory.Comment: 37 pages, crckabp.sty is used, to be published in: Proceedings of the
  18th Course of the School on Cosmology and Gravitation: The gravitational
  Constant. Generalized gravitational theories and experiments (30 April-10 May
  2003, Erice). Ed. by G. T. Gillies, V. N. Melnikov and V. de Sabbata,
  (Kluwer), 37pp. (in print) (2003
5D gravity and the discrepant G measurements

It is shown that 5D Kaluza-Klein theory stabilized by an external bulk scalar
field may solve the discrepant laboratory G measurements. This is achieved by
an effective coupling between gravitation and the geomagnetic field.
Experimental considerations are also addressed.Comment: 13 pages, to be published in: Proceedings of the 18th Course of the
  School on Cosmology and Gravitation: The gravitational Constant. Generalized
  gravitational theories and experiments (30 April-10 May 2003, Erice). Ed. by
  G. T. Gillies, V. N. Melnikov and V. de Sabbata, (Kluwer), 13pp. (in print)
  (2003
Constraints on Non-Newtonian Gravity from Recent Casimir Force
  Measurements

Corrections to Newton's gravitational law inspired by extra dimensional
physics and by the exchange of light and massless elementary particles between
the atoms of two macrobodies are considered. These corrections can be described
by the potentials of Yukawa-type and by the power-type potentials with
different powers. The strongest up to date constraints on the corrections to
Newton's gravitational law are reviewed following from the E\"{o}tvos- and
Cavendish-type experiments and from the measurements of the Casimir and van der
Waals force. We show that the recent measurements of the Casimir force gave the
possibility to strengthen the previously known constraints on the constants of
hypothetical interactions up to several thousand times in a wide interaction
range. Further strengthening is expected in near future that makes Casimir
force measurements a prospective test for the predictions of fundamental
physical theories.Comment: 20 pages, crckbked.cls is used, to be published in: Proceedings of
  the 18th Course of the School on Cosmology and Gravitation: The Gravitational
  Constant. Generalized Gravitational Theories and Experiments (30 April- 10
  May 2003, Erice). Ed. by G. T. Gillies, V. N. Melnikov and V. de Sabbata,
  20pp. (Kluwer, in print, 2003
Conformal frames and D-dimensional gravity

We review some results concerning the properties of static, spherically
symmetric solutions of multidimensional theories of gravity: various
scalar-tensor theories and a generalized string-motivated model with multiple
scalar fields and fields of antisymmetric forms associated with p-branes. A
Kaluza-Klein type framework is used: there is no dependence on internal
coordinates but multiple internal factor spaces are admitted. We discuss the
causal structure and the existence of black holes, wormholes and particle-like
configurations in the case of scalar vacuum with arbitrary potentials as well
as some observational predictions for exactly solvable systems with p-branes:
post-Newtonian coefficients, Coulomb law violation and black hole temperatures.
Particular attention is paid to conformal frames in which the theory is
initially formulated and which are used for its comparison with observations;
it is stressed that, in general, these two kinds of frames do not coincide.Comment: 20 pages, to be published in: Proceedings of the 18th Course of the
  School on Cosmology and Gravitation: The Gravitational Constant. Generalized
  Gravitational Theories and Experiments (30 April-10 May 2003, Erice). Ed. by
  G.T. Gillies, V.N. Melnikov and V. de Sabbata (Kluwer) (in print) (2003
Multifrequency Strategies for the Identification of Gamma-Ray Sources

More than half the sources in the Third EGRET (3EG) catalog have no firmly
established counterparts at other wavelengths and are unidentified. Some of
these unidentified sources have remained a mystery since the first surveys of
the gamma-ray sky with the COS-B satellite. The unidentified sources generally
have large error circles, and finding counterparts has often been a challenging
job. A multiwavelength approach, using X-ray, optical, and radio data, is often
needed to understand the nature of these sources. This chapter reviews the
technique of identification of EGRET sources using multiwavelength studies of
the gamma-ray fields.Comment: 35 pages, 22 figures. Chapter prepared for the book "Cosmic Gamma-ray
  Sources", edited by K.S. Cheng and G.E. Romero, to be published by Kluwer
  Academic Press, 2004. For complete article and higher resolution figures, go
  to: http://www.astro.columbia.edu/~muk/mukherjee_multiwave.pd
An overview of mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi in Portugal :  data collected from 1999 to July 2003

Fungi are cosmopolitan and ubiquitous and have a strong ecological link with vegetable products. The natural mycobiota existing in conjunction with food and feed are of interest to society, since many of these fungi can produce compounds of interest (e.g., antibiotics, enzymes or organic acids). On the other hand, they may also be detrimental by promoting food and feed deterioration. Often, the mycobiota of food commodities is dominated by toxigenic species, such as Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium, which may produce mycotoxins with effects on human and animal health. Aflatoxins, ochratoxins, patulin and the Fusarium toxins are considered to be the most important of the mycotoxins. Losses arising from the presence of mycotoxins have a large impact on the economy of countries
The Evolutionary Status of Clusters of Galaxies at z ~ 1

Combined HST, X-ray, and ground-based optical studies show that clusters of
galaxies are largely "in place" by $z \sim 1$, an epoch when the Universe was
less than half its present age. High resolution images show that elliptical,
S0, and spiral galaxies are present in clusters at redshifts up to $z \sim
1.3$. Analysis of the CMDs suggest that the cluster ellipticals formed their
stars several Gyr earlier, near redshift 3. The morphology--density relation is
well established at $z\sim1$, with star-forming spirals and irregulars residing
mostly in the outer parts of the clusters and E/S0s concentrated in dense
clumps. The intracluster medium has already reached the metallicity of
present-day clusters. The distributions of the hot gas and early-type galaxies
are similar in $z\sim1$ clusters, indicating both have largely virialized in
the deepest potentials wells. In spite of the many similarities between
$z\sim1$ and present-day clusters, there are significant differences. The
morphologies revealed by the hot gas, and particularly the early-type galaxies,
are elongated rather than spherical. We appear to be observing the clusters at
an epoch when the sub-clusters and groups are still assembling into a single
regular cluster. Support for this picture comes from CL0152 where the gas
appears to be lagging behind the luminous and dark mass in two merging
sub-components. Moreover, the luminosity difference between the first and
second brightest cluster galaxies at $z\sim1$ is smaller than in 93% of
present-day Abell clusters, which suggests that considerable luminosity
evolution through merging has occurred since that epoch. Evolution is also seen
in the bolometric X-ray luminosity function.Comment: 18 pages, 12 figures, to appear in Penetrating Bars through Masks of
  Cosmic Dust: the Hubble Tuing Fork Strikes a New Note, eds. D.L. Block, K.C.
  Freeman, I. Puerari & R. Groess. Figures degraded to meet astroph size limit;
  a version with higher resolution figures may be downloaded from:
  http://acs.pha.jhu.edu/~jpb/z1clusters/ford_clusters.pd
Ab initio atomistic thermodynamics and statistical mechanics of surface
  properties and functions

Previous and present "academic" research aiming at atomic scale understanding
is mainly concerned with the study of individual molecular processes possibly
underlying materials science applications. Appealing properties of an
individual process are then frequently discussed in terms of their direct
importance for the envisioned material function, or reciprocally, the function
of materials is somehow believed to be understandable by essentially one
prominent elementary process only. What is often overlooked in this approach is
that in macroscopic systems of technological relevance typically a large number
of distinct atomic scale processes take place. Which of them are decisive for
observable system properties and functions is then not only determined by the
detailed individual properties of each process alone, but in many, if not most
cases also the interplay of all processes, i.e. how they act together, plays a
crucial role. For a "predictive materials science modeling with microscopic
understanding", a description that treats the statistical interplay of a large
number of microscopically well-described elementary processes must therefore be
applied. Modern electronic structure theory methods such as DFT have become a
standard tool for the accurate description of individual molecular processes.
Here, we discuss the present status of emerging methodologies which attempt to
achieve a (hopefully seamless) match of DFT with concepts from statistical
mechanics or thermodynamics, in order to also address the interplay of the
various molecular processes. The new quality of, and the novel insights that
can be gained by, such techniques is illustrated by how they allow the
description of crystal surfaces in contact with realistic gas-phase
environments.Comment: 24 pages including 17 figures, related publications can be found at
  http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.htm
Conformal mapping methods for interfacial dynamics

The article provides a pedagogical review aimed at graduate students in
materials science, physics, and applied mathematics, focusing on recent
developments in the subject. Following a brief summary of concepts from complex
analysis, the article begins with an overview of continuous conformal-map
dynamics. This includes problems of interfacial motion driven by harmonic
fields (such as viscous fingering and void electromigration), bi-harmonic
fields (such as viscous sintering and elastic pore evolution), and
non-harmonic, conformally invariant fields (such as growth by
advection-diffusion and electro-deposition). The second part of the article is
devoted to iterated conformal maps for analogous problems in stochastic
interfacial dynamics (such as diffusion-limited aggregation, dielectric
breakdown, brittle fracture, and advection-diffusion-limited aggregation). The
third part notes that all of these models can be extended to curved surfaces by
an auxilliary conformal mapping from the complex plane, such as stereographic
projection to a sphere. The article concludes with an outlook for further
research.Comment: 37 pages, 12 (mostly color) figure