pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Development of heavy-flavour flow-harmonics in high-energy nuclear
  collisions

We employ the POWLANG transport setup, developed over the last few years, to
provide new predictions for several heavy-flavour observables in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions from RHIC to LHC center-of-mass energies. In particular,
we focus on the development of the flow-harmonics $v_2$ and $v_3$ arising from
the initial geometric asymmetry in the initial conditions and its associated
event-by-event fluctuations. Within the same transport framework, for the sake
of consistency, we also compare the nuclear modification factor of the $p_T$
spectra of charm and beauty quarks, heavy hadrons and their decay electrons. We
compare our findings to the most recent data from the experimental
collaborations. We also study in detail the contribution to the flow harmonics
from the quarks decoupling from the fireball during the various stages of its
evolution: although not directly accessible to the experiments, this
information can shed light on the major sources of the final measured effect
Symmetry algebra for the generic superintegrable system on the sphere

The goal of the present paper is to provide a detailed study of irreducible
representations of the algebra generated by the symmetries of the generic
quantum superintegrable system on the $d$-sphere. Appropriately normalized, the
symmetry operators preserve the space of polynomials. Under mild conditions on
the free parameters, maximal abelian subalgebras of the symmetry algebra,
generated by Jucys-Murphy elements, have unique common eigenfunctions
consisting of families of Jacobi polynomials in $d$ variables. We describe the
action of the symmetries on the basis of Jacobi polynomials in terms of
multivariable Racah operators, and combine this with different embeddings of
symmetry algebras of lower dimensions to prove that the representations
restricted on the space of polynomials of a fixed total degree are irreducible
Electromagnetic Duality and the Electric Memory Effect

We study large gauge transformations for soft photons in quantum
electrodynamics which, together with the helicity operator, form an ISO(2)
algebra. We show that the two non-compact generators of the ISO(2) algebra
correspond respectively to the residual gauge symmetry and its electromagnetic
dual gauge symmetry that emerge at null infinity. The former is helicity
universal (electric in nature) while the latter is helicity distinguishing
(magnetic in nature). Thus, the conventional large gauge transformation is
electric in nature, and is naturally associated with a scalar potential. We
suggest that the electric Aharonov-Bohm effect is a direct measure for the
electromagnetic memory arising from large gauge transformations.Comment: 16 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in JHE
Heavy Higgs of the Twin Higgs Models

Twin Higgs models are the prime illustration of neutral naturalness, where
the new particles of the twin sector, gauge singlets of the Standard Model
(SM), ameliorate the little hierarchy problem. In this work, we analyse
phenomenological implications of the heavy Higgs of the Mirror Twin Higgs and
Fraternal Twin Higgs models, when electroweak symmetry breaking is linearly
realized. The most general structure of twin Higgs symmetry breaking, including
explicit soft and hard breaking terms in the scalar potential, is employed. The
direct and indirect searches at the LHC are used to probe the parameter space
of Twin Higgs models through mixing of the heavy Higgs with the SM Higgs and
decays of the heavy Higgs to the SM states. Moreover, for the Fraternal Twin
Higgs, we study the production and decays of twin glueball and bottomonium
states to the SM light fermions, which have interesting signatures involving
displaced vertices and are potentially observable at the colliders.Comment: 32+1 pages and 16 figures, v3: matches the version appeared in JHE
Marginally Trapped Surfaces and AdS/CFT

It has been proposed that the areas of marginally trapped or anti-trapped
surfaces (also known as leaves of holographic screens) may encode some notion
of entropy. To connect this to AdS/CFT, we study the case of marginally trapped
surfaces anchored to an AdS boundary. We establish that such boundary-anchored
leaves lie between the causal and extremal surfaces defined by the anchor and
that they have area bounded below by that of the minimal extremal surface. This
suggests that the area of any leaf represents a coarse-grained von Neumann
entropy for the associated region of the dual CFT. We further demonstrate that
the leading area-divergence of a boundary-anchored marginally trapped surface
agrees with that for the associated extremal surface, though subleading
divergences generally differ. Finally, we generalize an argument of Bousso and
Engelhardt to show that holographic screens with all leaves anchored to the
same boundary set have leaf-areas that increase monotonically along the screen,
and we describe a construction through which this monotonicity can take the
more standard form of requiring entropy to increase with boundary time. This
construction is related to what one might call future causal holographic
information, which in such cases also provides an upper bound on the area of
the associated leaves.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure
B-branes and supersymmetric quivers in 2d

We study 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ supersymmetric quiver gauge theories that
describe the low-energy dynamics of D1-branes at Calabi-Yau fourfold (CY$_4$)
singularities. On general grounds, the holomorphic sector of these
theories---matter content and (classical) superpotential interactions---should
be fully captured by the topological $B$-model on the CY$_4$. By studying a
number of examples, we confirm this expectation and flesh out the dictionary
between B-brane category and supersymmetric quiver: the matter content of the
supersymmetric quiver is encoded in morphisms between B-branes (that is, Ext
groups of coherent sheaves), while the superpotential interactions are encoded
in the $A_\infty$ algebra satisfied by the morphisms. This provides us with a
derivation of the supersymmetric quiver directly from the CY$_4$ geometry. We
also suggest a relation between triality of $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ gauge theories
and certain mutations of exceptional collections of sheaves. 0d $\mathcal{N}=1$
supersymmetric quivers, corresponding to D-instantons probing CY$_5$
singularities, can be discussed similarly.Comment: 63 pages plus appendix, 21 figures; v2: corrected typos and added
  reference. JHEP version; v3: added referenc
Marginal deformations of heterotic $G_2$ sigma models

Recently, the infinitesimal moduli space of heterotic $G_2$ compactifications
was described in supergravity and related to the cohomology of a target space
differential. In this paper we identify the marginal deformations of the
corresponding heterotic nonlinear sigma model with cohomology classes of a
worldsheet BRST operator. This BRST operator is nilpotent if and only if the
target space geometry satisfies the heterotic supersymmetry conditions. We
relate this to the supergravity approach by showing that the corresponding
cohomologies are indeed isomorphic. We work at tree-level in $\alpha'$
perturbation theory and study general geometries, in particular with
non-vanishing torsion.Comment: Minor changes: Added references and a section on classical
  symmetries. 24 pages, 1 figure, 1 tabl
Symmetry breaking in holographic theories with Lifshitz scaling

We study holographically Lifshitz-scaling theories with broken symmetries. In
order to do this, we set up a bulk action with a complex scalar and a massless
vector on a background which consists in a Lifshitz metric and a massive
vector. We first study separately the complex scalar and the massless vector,
finding a similar pattern in the two-point functions that we can compute
analytically. By coupling the probe complex scalar to the background massive
vector we can construct probe actions that are more general than the usual
Klein--Gordon action. Some of these actions have Galilean boost symmetry.
Finally, in the presence of a symmetry breaking scalar profile in the bulk, we
reproduce the expected Ward identities of a Lifshitz-scaling theory with a
broken global continuous symmetry. In the spontaneous case, the latter imply
the presence of a gapless mode, the Goldstone boson, which will have dispersion
relations dictated by the Lifshitz scaling.Comment: 39 pages, 3 figures. v2: a few clarifying comments added, matches
  published versio
A Universal Counting of Black Hole Microstates in AdS$_4$

Many three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs admit a universal partial
topological twist when placed on hyperbolic Riemann surfaces. We exploit this
fact to derive a universal formula which relates the planar limit of the
topologically twisted index of these SCFTs and their three-sphere partition
function. We then utilize this to account for the entropy of a large class of
supersymmetric asymptotically AdS$_4$ magnetically charged black holes in
M-theory and massive type IIA string theory. In this context we also discuss
novel AdS$_2$ solutions of eleven-dimensional supergravity which describe the
near horizon region of large new families of supersymmetric black holes arising
from M2-branes wrapping Riemann surfaces.Comment: 31 pages + appendices; v2: Added a discussion on the relation between
  black hole entropy and the on-shell action. Additional reference
A Study of Invisible Neutrino Decay at DUNE and its Effects on
  $\theta_{23}$ Measurement

We study the consequences of invisible decay of neutrinos in the context of
the DUNE experiment. We assume that the third mass eigenstate is unstable and
decays to a light sterile neutrino and a scalar or a pseudo-scalar. We consider
DUNE running in 5 years neutrino and 5 years antineutrino mode and a detector
volume of 40 kt. We obtain the bounds on the rest frame life time $\tau_3$
normalized to the mass $m_3$ as $\tau_3/m_3 > 4.50\times 10^{-11}$ s/eV at 90\%
C.L. for a normal hierarchical mass spectrum. We also find that DUNE can
discover neutrino decay for $\tau_3/m_3 > 4.27\times 10^{-11}$ s/eV at 90\%
C.L. In addition, for an unstable $\nu_3$ with an illustrative value of
$\tau_3/m_3$ = $1.2 \times 10^{-11}$ s/eV, the no decay case gets disfavoured
at the $3\sigma$ C.L. At 90\% C.L. the allowed range for this true value is
obtained as $1.71 \times 10^{-11} > \tau_3/m_3 > 9.29\times 10^{-12}$ in units
of s/eV. We also study the correlation between a non-zero $\tau_3/m_3$ and
standard oscillation parameters and find an interesting correlation in the
appearance channel probability with the mixing angle $\theta_{23}$. This alters
the octant sensitvity of DUNE, favorably (unfavorably) for true $\theta_{23}$
in the lower (higher) octant. The effect of a decaying neutrino does not alter
the hierarchy or CP discovery sensitivity of DUNE in a discernible way.Comment: accepted and published in JHEP with additional figures and few
  reference
T-duality invariant effective actions at orders $ \alpha', \alpha'^2$

We use compatibility of the $D$-dimensional effective actions for diagonal
metric and for dilaton with the T-duality when theory is compactified on a
circle, to find the the $D$-dimensional couplings of curvatures and dilaton as
well as the higher derivative corrections to the $(D-1)$-dimensional Buscher
rules at orders $ \alpha' $ and $\alpha'^2$. We observe that the T-duality
constraint on the effective actions fixes the covariant effective actions at
each order of $\alpha'$ up to field redefinitions and up to an overall factor.
Inspired by these results, we speculate that the $D$-dimensional effective
actions at any order of $\alpha'$ must be consistent with the standard Buscher
rules provided that one uses covariant field redefinitions in the corresponding
reduced $(D-1)$-dimensional effective actions. This constraint may be used to
find effective actions at all higher orders of $\alpha'$.Comment: 24 pages, latex file, no figure; v2: major modifications; v3: the
  version appears in JHE
A Note on the WGC, Effective Field Theory and Clockwork within String
  Theory

It has been recently argued that Higgsing of theories with $U(1)^n$ gauge
interactions consistent with the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) may lead to
effective field theories parametrically violating WGC constraints. The minimal
examples typically involve Higgs scalars with a large charge with respect to a
$U(1)$ (e.g. charges $(Z,1)$ in $U(1)^2$ with $Z\gg 1$). This type of Higgs
multiplets play also a key role in clockwork $U(1)$ theories. We study these
issues in the context of heterotic string theory and find that, while indeed
there is no new physics at the standard magnetic WGC scale $\Lambda\sim g_{IR}
M_P$, the string scale is just slightly above, at a scale $\sim
\sqrt{k_{IR}}\Lambda$. Here $k_{IR}$ is the level of the IR $U(1)$ worldsheet
current. We show that, unlike the standard magnetic cutoff, this bound is
insensitive to subsequent Higgsing. One may argue that this constraint gives
rise to no bound at the effective field theory level since $k_0$ is model
dependent and in general unknown. However there is an additional constraint to
be taken into account, which is that the Higgsing scalars with large charge $Z$
should be part of the string massless spectrum, which becomes an upper bound
$k_{IR}\leq k_0^2$, where $k_0$ is the level of the UV currents. Thus, for
fixed $k_0$, $Z$ cannot be made parametrically large. The upper bound on the
charges $Z$ leads to limitations on the size and structure of hierarchies in an
iterated $U(1)$ clockwork mechanism.Comment: 12 page
CT14 Intrinsic Charm Parton Distribution Functions from CTEQ-TEA Global
  Analysis

We investigate the possibility of a (sizable) nonperturbative contribution to
the charm parton distribution function (PDF) in a nucleon, theoretical issues
arising in its interpretation, and its potential impact on LHC scattering
processes. The "fitted charm" PDF obtained in various QCD analyses contains a
process-dependent component that is partly traced to power-suppressed radiative
contributions in DIS and is generally different at the LHC. We discuss
separation of the universal component of the nonperturbative charm from the
rest of the radiative contributions and estimate its magnitude in the CT14
global QCD analysis at the next-to-next-to leading order in the QCD coupling
strength, including the latest experimental data from HERA and the Large Hadron
Collider. Models for the nonperturbative charm PDF are examined as a function
of the charm quark mass and other parameters. The prospects for testing these
models in the associated production of a Z boson and a charm jet at the LHC are
studied under realistic assumptions, including effects of the final-state
parton showering.Comment: 57 pages, 19 figures, and 3 table
Stirring a black hole

We present novel asymptotically global AdS$_4$ solutions, constructed by
turning on a dipolar differential rotation at the conformal boundary. At fixed
energy and boundary profile, we find two different geometries: a horizonless
spacetime, and a deformed, hourglass shaped black hole with zero net angular
momentum. Both solutions exist up to some maximum amplitudes of the boundary
profile, and develop an ergoregion attached to the boundary before the maximum
amplitude is reached. We show that both spacetimes develop hair as soon as the
ergoregion develops. Furthermore, we discuss the full phase diagram, including
the possibility of phases with disconnected horizons, by considering the
Mathisson-Papapetrou equations for a spinning test particle. Finally, we
provide a first principle derivation of the superradiant bound purely from CFT
data, and outline possible scenarios for the late time evolution of the system.Comment: 40 pages, 24 figure
Decoding a Three-Dimensional Conformal Manifold

We study the one-dimensional complex conformal manifold that controls the
infrared dynamics of a three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric theory
of three chiral superfields with a cubic superpotential. Two special points on
this conformal manifold are the well-known XYZ model and three decoupled copies
of the critical Wess-Zumino model. The conformal manifold enjoys a discrete
duality group isomorphic to $S_4$ and can be thought of as an orbifold of
$\mathbf{CP}^1$. We use the $4-\varepsilon$ expansion and the numerical
conformal bootstrap to calculate the spectrum of conformal dimensions of
low-lying operators and their OPE coefficients, and find a very good
quantitative agreement between the two approaches.Comment: 59 pages, 13 figure
Adiabatic out-of-equilibrium solutions to the Boltzmann equation in warm
  inflation

We show that, in warm inflation, the nearly constant Hubble rate and
temperature lead to an adiabatic evolution of the number density of particles
interacting with the thermal bath, even if thermal equilibrium cannot be
maintained. In this case, the number density is suppressed compared to the
equilibrium value but the associated phase-space distribution retains
approximately an equilibrium form, with a smaller amplitude and a slightly
smaller effective temperature. As an application, we explicitly construct a
baryogenesis mechanism during warm inflation based on the out-of-equilibrium
decay of particles in such an adiabatically evolving state. We show that this
generically leads to small baryon isocurvature perturbations, within the bounds
set by the Planck satellite. These are correlated with the main adiabatic
curvature perturbations but exhibit a distinct spectral index, which may
constitute a smoking gun for baryogenesis during warm inflation. Finally, we
discuss the prospects for other applications of adiabatically evolving
out-of-equilibrium states.Comment: 21 pages, 4 figures, matches version published in JHE
Deformations of vector-scalar models

Abelian vector fields non-minimally coupled to uncharged scalar fields arise
in many contexts. We investigate here through algebraic methods their
consistent deformations ("gaugings"), i.e., the deformations that preserve the
number (but not necessarily the form or the algebra) of the gauge symmetries.
Infinitesimal consistent deformations are given by the BRST cohomology classes
at ghost number zero. We parametrize explicitly these classes in terms of
various types of global symmetries and corresponding Noether currents through
the characteristic cohomology related to antifields and equations of motion.
The analysis applies to all ghost numbers and not just ghost number zero. We
also provide a systematic discussion of the linear and quadratic constraints on
these parameters that follow from higher-order consistency. Our work is
relevant to the gaugings of extended supergravities.Comment: v2: references added, typos corrected, minor changes for clarit
Inhomogeneous Tensionless Superstrings

We construct a novel tensionless limit of Superstring theory that realises
the Inhomogeneous Super Galilean Conformal Algebra (SGCA$_I$) as the residual
symmetries in the analogue of the conformal gauge, as opposed to previous
constructions of the tensionless superstring, where a smaller symmetry algebra
called the Homogeneous SGCA emerged as the residual gauge symmetry on the
worldsheet. We obtain various features of the new tensionless theory
intrinsically as well as from a systematic limit of the corresponding features
of the tensile theory. We discuss why it is desirable and also natural to work
with this new tensionless limit and the larger algebra.Comment: 34 page
Three-dimensional dualities with bosons and fermions

We propose new infinite families of non-supersymmetric IR dualities in three
space-time dimensions, between Chern-Simons gauge theories (with classical
gauge groups) with both scalars and fermions in the fundamental representation.
In all cases we study the phase diagram as we vary two relevant couplings,
finding interesting lines of phase transitions. In various cases the dualities
lead to predictions about multi-critical fixed points and the emergence of IR
quantum symmetries. For unitary groups we also discuss the coupling to
background gauge fields and the map of simple monopole operators.Comment: 66 pages, 9 figures; v2: refs adde
Anomalous effects of dense matter under rotation

We study the anomaly induced effects of dense baryonic matter under rotation.
We derive the anomalous terms that account for the chiral vortical effect in
the low-energy effective theory for light Nambu-Goldstone modes. The anomalous
terms lead to new physical consequences, such as the anomalous Hall energy
current and spontaneous generation of angular momentum in a magnetic field (or
spontaneous magnetization by rotation). In particular, we show that, due to the
presence of such anomalous terms, the ground state of the quantum
chromodynamics (QCD) under sufficiently fast rotation becomes the "chiral
soliton lattice" of neutral pions that has lower energy than the QCD vacuum and
nuclear matter. We briefly discuss the possible realization of the chiral
soliton lattice induced by a fast rotation in noncentral heavy ion collisions.Comment: 15 page
Analytic continuation of dimensions in supersymmetric localization

We compute the perturbative partition functions for gauge theories with eight
supersymmetries on spheres of dimension $d\le5$, proving a conjecture by the
second author. We apply similar methods to gauge theories with four
supersymmetries on spheres with $d\le3$. The results are valid for non-integer
$d$ as well. We further propose an analytic continuation from $d=3$ to $d=4$
that gives the perturbative partition function for an $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauge
theory. The results are consistent with the free multiplets and the one-loop
$\beta$-functions for general $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauge theories. We also consider
the analytic continuation of an $\mathcal{N}=1$-preserving mass deformation of
the maximally supersymmetric gauge theory and compare to recent holographic
results for $\mathcal{N}=1^*$ super Yang-Mills. We find that the general
structure for the real part of the free energy coming from the analytic
continuation is consistent with the holographic results.Comment: 52 pages, 4 appendices, no figures, typos fixed, matches with the
  published versio
Connecting $b\to s\ell\bar\ell$ anomalies to enhanced rare nonleptonic
  $\bar{B}_s^0$ decays in $Z'$ model

The present data on a number of observables in $b\to s\mu^+\mu^-$ processes
manifest some tensions with the standard model (SM). Assuming that these
anomalies have a new physics origin, we consider the possibility that a $Z'$
boson is responsible for them. We further assume that its interactions with
quarks also affect rare nonleptonic decays of the $\bar B_s^0$ meson which are
purely isospin-violating and tend to be dominated by electroweak-penguin
contributions, namely $\bar B_s^0\to(\eta,\eta',\phi)(\pi^0,\rho^0)$. Most of
these decays are not yet observed, and their rates are expected to be
relatively small in the SM. Taking into account constraints from various
measurements, including the evidence for $\bar B_s^0\to\phi\rho^0$ recently
seen by LHCb, we find that the $Z'$ effects on $\bar B_s^0\to(\eta,\phi)\pi^0$
can make their rates bigger than the SM predictions by up to an order of
magnitude. For $\bar B_s^0\to\eta'\pi^0,(\eta,\eta')\rho^0$, the enhancement
factors are at most a few. Since the $Z'$ contributions to the different
channels depend on different combinations of its couplings, observations of
more of these decays in future experiments, along with improved $b\to
s\mu^+\mu^-$ data, will probe this $Z'$ scenario more thoroughly.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, somewhat revised, comments & references added,
  matches publicatio