pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Re-thinking children׳s agency in extreme hardship: Zimbabwean children׳s draw-and-write about their HIV-affected peers

AbstractWe compare two analyses of the same ‘draw-and-write’ exercises in which 128 Zimbabwean children represented their HIV-affected peers. The first, informed by the ‘New Social Studies of Childhood’, easily identified examples of independent reflection and action by children. The second, informed by Sen׳s understandings of agency, drew attention to the negative consequences of many of the choices available to children, and the contextual limits on outcomes children themselves would value: the support of caring adults, adequate food, and opportunities to advance their health and safety. Conceptualisations of agency need to take greater account of children׳s own accounts of outcomes they value, rather than identifying agency in any form of independent reflection and action per se
Automated analysis of atrial late gadolinium enhancement imaging that correlates with endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes: A 2-center study

BackgroundFor late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) assessment of atrial scar to guide management and targeting of ablation in atrial fibrillation (AF), an objective, reproducible method of identifying atrial scar is required.ObjectiveTo describe an automated method for operator-independent quantification of LGE that correlates with colocated endocardial voltage and clinical outcomes.MethodsLGE CMR imaging was performed at 2 centers, before and 3 months after pulmonary vein isolation for paroxysmal AF (n = 50). A left atrial (LA) surface scar map was constructed by using automated software, expressing intensity as multiples of standard deviation (SD) above blood pool mean. Twenty-one patients underwent endocardial voltage mapping at the time of pulmonary vein isolation (11 were redo procedures). Scar maps and voltage maps were spatially registered to the same magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) segmentation.ResultsThe LGE levels of 3, 4, and 5SDs above blood pool mean were associated with progressively lower bipolar voltages compared to the preceding enhancement level (0.85 ± 0.33, 0.50 ± 0.22, and 0.38 ± 0.28 mV; P = .002, P < .001, and P = .048, respectively). The proportion of atrial surface area classified as scar (ie, >3 SD above blood pool mean) on preablation scans was greater in patients with postablation AF recurrence than those without recurrence (6.6% ± 6.7% vs 3.5% ± 3.0%, P = .032). The LA volume >102 mL was associated with a significantly greater proportion of LA scar (6.4% ± 5.9% vs 3.4% ± 2.2%; P = .007).ConclusionsLA scar quantified automatically by a simple objective method correlates with colocated endocardial voltage. Greater preablation scar is associated with LA dilatation and AF recurrence
Correction terms for the thermodynamics of a black Saturn

AbstractIn this paper, we will analyze the effects of thermal fluctuations on the stability of a black Saturn. The entropy of the black Saturn will get corrected due to these thermal fluctuations. We will demonstrate that the correction term generated by these thermal fluctuations is a logarithmic term. Then we will use this corrected value of the entropy to obtain bounds for various parameters of the black Saturn. We will also analyze the thermodynamical stability of the black Saturn in presence of thermal fluctuations, using this corrected value of the entropy
Synthesis, structure and properties of the oxychalcogenide series A4O4TiSe4 (A=Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er and Y)

AbstractSeven oxyselenide materials have been synthesised with composition A4O4TiSe4 (A=Sm, Gd–Er, Y) via solid state reactions of A2O3, TiSe2 and Se at 900°C. They are all isostructural with Gd4O4TiSe4. Structures have been refined from powder X-ray diffraction data and have monoclinic C2/m symmetry with unit cell parameters of a≈15.7Å, b≈3.75Å, c≈9.65Å and β≈117.5°. They contain infinite ribbons of edge-sharing A4O and A3TiO tetrahedra 4 units wide, which are linked by chains of TiSe4O2 edge-sharing octahedra. Compositions A=Gd–Ho, Y are semiconductors with conductivities 1–3Sm−1 at 300K, with electronic band gaps of between 0.25 and 0.37eV. Magnetic susceptibility is reported from 1.8K to 300K for compositions A=Gd–Ho. Rare earth moments appear to order antiferromagnetically at low temperatures with Gd and Tb showing evidence of ferromagnetism due to spin canting over a narrow temperature range close to TN
Systematic review of interventions to improve appropriate use and outcomes associated with do-not-attempt-cardiopulmonary-resuscitation decisions

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment for a cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), may be lifesaving following an acute, potentially reversible illness. Yet this treatment is unlikely to be effective if cardiac arrest occurs as part of the dying process towards the end of a person's natural life. Do not attempt CPR (DNACPR) decisions allow resuscitation to be withheld when it has little chance of success, or where the patient, or those close to the patient, indicate the burdens of CPR outweigh the benefits. This review sought to identify evidence for systems that improve the appropriate use of DNACPR decisions.MethodsElectronic databases were searched (Medline, CINAHL and Embase) for English language articles from 2001 to 2014.Results4090 citations were identified of which 37 studies were relevant. The overall quality of evidence was moderate to poor. Thematic synthesis identified key interventions which may improve DNACPR decision making. The most promising interventions involved structured discussion at the time of acute admission to hospital and review by specialist teams at the point of an acute deterioration. Linking DNACPR decisions to discussions about overall treatment plans provided greater clarity about goals of care, aided communication between clinicians and reduced harms. Standardised documentation proved helpful for improving the frequency and quality of recording DNACPR decisions. Patient and clinician education in isolation were associated with limited or no effects.ConclusionRelatively simple process changes may enhance the appropriate use of and outcomes associated with DNACPR decisions.Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO2012:CRD42012002669
Random pinning model with finite range correlations: Disorder relevant regime

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to show how one can extend some results on disorder relevance obtained for the random pinning model with i.i.d disorder to the model with finite range correlated disorder. In a previous work, the annealed critical curve of the latter model was computed, and equality of quenched and annealed critical points, as well as exponents, was proved under some conditions on the return exponent of the interarrival times. Here we complete this work by looking at the disorder relevant regime, where annealed and quenched critical points differ. All these results show that the Harris criterion, which was proved to be correct in the i.i.d case, remains valid in our setup. We strongly use Markov renewal constructions that were introduced in the solving of the annealed model
The relationship between green supply chain management and performance: A meta-analysis of empirical evidences in Asian emerging economies

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between green supply chain management (GSCM) practices and firm performance in the manufacturing sector in Asian emerging economies (AEE) based on empirical evidence. Through a systematic literature review, we identified 50 articles that surveyed 11,127 manufacturing companies in the AEE and were published between 1996 and 2015. Subsequently, a conceptual framework was developed and analyzed through a meta-analysis of 130 effects from 25,680 effect sizes. The findings revealed that the GSCM practices lead to better performance in four aspects: economic, environmental, operational, and social performance. Moreover, the results indicate that industry type, firm size, ISO certification, and export orientation moderate several of the GSCM practice-performance relationships. Moreover, the findings of this research help managers and policy makers to have more confidence in the adoption of GSCM practices to improve firm performance. Such results also help researchers to better channel their efforts in studying the GSCM practices in AEE. In addition, as meta-analysis has not been widely used in the supply chain management literature, our study is an important step in maturing the academic field by adopting this technique for confirming GSCM practice-performance relationships in the manufacturing sector of AEE
The remarkable solar twin HIP 56948: :
                    a prime target in the quest for other Earths

J. Melendez, B. Bergemann, J. G. Cohen, M. Endl, A. I. Karakas, I. Ramirez, W. D. Cochran, D. Yong, P. J. MacQueen, C. Kobayashi, and M. Asplund, 'The remarkable solar twin HIP 56948: a prime target in the quest for other Earths', Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 543, A29, July 2012. The version of record is available online at doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201117222. Article published by EDP Sciences. ?? ESO, 2012.We study HIP 56948, the best solar twin known to date, to determine with an unparalleled precision how similar is to the Sun in its physical properties, chemical composition and planet architecture. We explore whether the abundances anomalies may be due to pollution from stellar ejecta or to terrestrial planet formation. We perform a differential abundance analysis (both in LTE and NLTE) using high resolution (R = 100,000) high S/N (600) Keck HIRES spectra of the Sun and HIP 56948. We use precise radial velocity data from the McDonald and Keck observatories to search for planets around this star. We achieve a precision of sigma = 0.003 dex for several elements. Including errors in stellar parameters the total uncertainty is as low as sigma = 0.005 dex (1 %), which is unprecedented in elemental abundance studies. The similarities between HIP 56948 and the Sun are astonishing. HIP 56948 is only 17+/-7 K hotter than the Sun, and log g, [Fe/H] and microturbulence are only +0.02+/-0.02 dex, +0.02+/-0.01 dex and +0.01+/-0.01 km/s higher than solar, respectively. HIP 56948 has a mass of 1.02+/-0.02M_Sun and is 1 Gyr younger than the Sun. Both stars show a chemical abundance pattern that differs from most solar twins. The trend with T_cond in differential abundances (twins - HIP56948) can be reproduced very well by adding 3 M_Earth of a mix of Earth and meteoritic material, to the convection zone of HIP 56948. From our radial velocity monitoring we find no indications of giant planets interior to or within the habitable zone of HIP 56948. We conclude that HIP 56948 is an excellent candidate to host a planetary system like our own, including the possible presence of inner terrestrial planets. Its striking similarity to the Sun and its mature age makes HIP 56948 a prime target in the quest for other Earths and SETI endeavors
Decay of the high-spin isomer in Re-160: Changing single-particle structure beyond the proton drip line

A new high-spin isomeric state (t1/2=2.8±0.1μs)in 160Re has been identified. This high-spin isomer is unique in that it only decays by γ-decay and not by proton or α-particle emission as is the case in every other proton emitter between Z=64 and 80. Shell model calculations indicate how the convergence of the h9/2 and f7/2 neutron levels in this region could open up a γ-decay path from the high-spin isomer to the low-spin ground state of 160Re, providing a natural explanation for this anomalous absence of charged-particle emission. The consequences of these observations for future searches for proton emission from even more exotic nuclei and in-beam spectroscopic studies are considered.status: publishe
Search for resonant and nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the
  bblnulnu final state in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV

Searches for resonant and nonresonant pair-produced Higgs bosons (HH)
decaying respectively into ll nu nu, through either W or Z bosons, and bbbar
are presented. The analyses are based on a sample of proton-proton collisions
at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding
to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 inverse femtobarns. Data and predictions
from the standard model are in agreement within uncertainties. For the standard
model HH hypothesis, the data exclude at 95% confidence level a product of the
production cross section and branching fraction larger than 72 fb,
corresponding to 79 times the prediction, consistent with expectations.
Constraints are placed on different scenarios considering anomalous couplings,
which could affect the rate and kinematics of HH production. Upper limits at
95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of narrow-width
spin-0 and spin-2 particles decaying to Higgs boson pairs, the latter produced
with minimal gravity-like coupling.Comment: Replaced with the published version. All figures and tables can be
  found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-17-00
Critical dimension of biperiodic gratings determined by spectral ellipsometry and Mueller matrix polarimetry

We characterized two samples consisting of photoresist layers on silicon with square arrays of square holes by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and Mueller matrix polarimetry (MMP). Hole lateral dimensions and depths were determined by fitting either SE data taken in conventional planar geometry or MMP data in general conical diffraction configurations. A method for objective determination of the optimal measurement conditions based on sensitivity and parameter correlations is presented. When applied to MMP, this approach showed that for one of the samples the optimal incidence angle was 45°, much below the widely used 70° value. The robustness of the dimensional characterisation based on MMP is demonstrated by the high stability of the results provided by separated fits of the data taken at different azimuthal angles
Domain-domain interactions in Filamin A (16-23) impose a hierarchy of
  unfolding forces

The quaternary structure of Filamin A (FLNa) 16-23 was recently shown to
exhibit multiple domain-domain interactions that lead to a propeller-like
construction. Here we present single molecule force spectroscopy experiments to
show a wide variety of mechanical responses of this molecule and compare it
with its linear counterpart FLNa 1-8. The compact structure of FLNa 16-23 leads
to a broad distribution of rupture forces and end-to-end lengths in the
force-extension mode and multiple unraveling timescales in the force-clamp
mode. Moreover, a subset of force-extension trajectories reveals a mechanical
hierarchy in which the rupture of domain-domain interactions at high forces
(200 pN) liberates the unfolding of individual domains at low forces (100 pN).
This mechanism may also explain the order of magnitude difference in the rates
of the biexponential fits to the distribution of unfolding dwell times under
force-clamp. Overall, FLNa 16-23 under a force of 100 pN is more compliant than
the linear FLNa 1-8. Since a physiological role of FLNa is to crosslink actin
filaments, this range of responses allows it to accommodate a broad spectrum of
forces exerted by the cell and its environment
Evaluation of agro-industrial wastes, their state, and mixing ratio for maximum polygalacturonase and biomass production in submerged fermentation

The potential of important agro-industrial wastes, apple pomace (AP) and orange peel (OP) as C sources, was investigated in the maximization of polygalacturonase (PG), an industrially significant enzyme, using an industrially important microorganism Aspergillus sojae. Factors such as various hydrolysis forms of the C sources (hydrolysed-AP, non-hydrolysed-AP, hydrolysed-AP + OP, non-hydrolysed-AP + OP) and N sources (ammonium sulphate and urea), and incubation time (4, 6, and 8 days) were screened. It was observed that maximum PG activity was achieved at a combination of non-hydrolysed-AP + OP and ammonium sulphate with eight days of incubation. For the pre-optimization study, ammonium sulphate concentration and the mixing ratios of AP + OP at different total C concentrations (9, 15, 21 g-1) were evaluated. The optimum conditions for the maximum PG production (144.96 ml-1) was found as 21 g-1 total carbohydrate concentration totally coming from OP at 15 g-1 ammonium sulphate concentration. On the other hand, 3:1 mixing ratio of OP + AP at 11.50 g-1 ammonium sulphate concentration also resulted in a considerable PG activity (115.73 ml-1). These results demonstrated that AP can be evaluated as an additional C source to OP for PG production, which in turn both can be alternative solutions for the elimination of the waste accumulation in the food industry with economical returns.European Union (PGSYS-EXCHANGE-IRSES-GA-2010-269211
OLS Estimator for a Mixed Regressive, Spatial Autoregressive Model: Extended Version

We find the asymptotic distribution of the OLS estimator of the parameters $% \beta$ and $\rho$ in the mixed spatial model with exogenous regressors $% Y_n=X_n\beta+\rho W_nY_n+V_n$. The exogenous regressors may be bounded or
growing, like polynomial trends. The assumption about the spatial matrix $W_n $ is appropriate for the situation when each economic agent is influenced by many others. The error term is a short-memory linear process. The key finding is that in general the asymptotic distribution contains both linear and quadratic forms in standard normal variables and is not normal.
On the Dynamics of Globalization

How has the process of international economic integration advanced over the last four decades? How will the foreseeable future look like? We attempt to answer this sort of questions by considering some methods which have scarcely been used in the literature on globalization. First, we consider a set of indicators which measure not only the degree of openness of economies, but also how connected they are to each other, following Arribas et al. (2007). Second, we assess how these indicators have evolved over time, what the likely steady state distribution might be, and whether results differ depending on a variety of weighting schemes (GDP, population). Results show that, under current trends, the future world will be much more integrated, especially for the most heavily populated countries. However, there is still a long way to go before the Standard of Perfect International Integration can be achieved.
The McGarvey problem in judgement aggregation

`Judgement aggregation' is a model of social choice where the space of social alternatives is the set of consistent truth-valuations (`judgements') on a family of logically interconnected propositions. It is well-known that propositionwise majority voting can yield logically inconsistent judgements.  We show that, for a variety of spaces, propositionwise majority voting can yield any possible judgement.  By considering the geometry of sub-polytopes of the Hamming cube, we also estimate the number of voters required to achieve all possible judgements.  These results generalize the classic results of McGarvey (1953) and Stearns (1959).
Testing the validity of the neoclassical migration model: Overall and age-group specific estimation results for German spatial planning regions

This paper tests the empirical validity of the neoclassical migration model to predict German internal migration flows. We estimate static and dynamic migration functions for 97 Spatial Planning Regions between 1996--2006 using key labour market signals including income and unemployment differences among a broader set of explanatory variables. Beside an aggregate specification we also estimate the model for age-group related subsamples. Our results give empirical support for the main transmission channels identified by the neoclassical framework: That is, regional differences in the real income show the expected effect on the net inmigration rate, while the link between regional unemployment rate differentials and net inmigration is negative. The results remains stable if further variables are added to the model. Net in-commuting shows a negative correlation with in-migration underlying the substitutive nature of the two variables. Moreover an increasing level of international competitiveness attracts further in-migration flows. We also find heterogeneity for different types of settlement structure and the East-West macro regions by including federal state level fixed effects or an East German dummy. The results broadly hold for age-group specific estimates. Here, the impact of labour market signals is tested to be of greatest magnitude for workforce relevant age-groups and especially young cohorts from 18 to 25 and 25 to 30 years. This latter result underlines the prominent role played by labour market conditions in determining internal migration rates of the working population in Germany.
Clostridium perfringensepsilon toxin H149A mutant as a platform for receptor binding studies

Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (Etx) is a pore-forming toxin responsible for a severe and rapidly fatal enterotoxemia of ruminants. The toxin is classified as a category B bioterrorism agent by the U.S. Government Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), making work with recombinant toxin difficult. To reduce the hazard posed by work with recombinant Etx, we have used a variant of Etx that contains a H149A mutation (Etx-H149A), previously reported to have reduced, but not abolished, toxicity. The three-dimensional structure of H149A prototoxin shows that the H149A mutation in domain III does not affect organisation of the putative receptor binding loops in domain I of the toxin. Surface exposed tyrosine residues in domain I of Etx-H149A (Y16, Y20, Y29, Y30, Y36 and Y196) were mutated to alanine and mutants Y30A and Y196A showed significantly reduced binding to MDCK.2 cells relative to Etx-H149A that correlated with their reduced cytotoxic activity. Thus, our study confirms the role of surface exposed tyrosine residues in domain I of Etx in binding to MDCK cells and the suitability of Etx-H149A for further receptor binding studies. In contrast, binding of all of the tyrosine mutants to ACHN cells was similar to that of Etx-H149A, suggesting that Etx can recognise different cell surface receptors. In support of this, the crystal structure of Etx-H149A identified a glycan (β-octyl-glucoside) binding site in domain III of Etx-H149A, which may be a second receptor binding site. These findings have important implications for developing strategies designed to neutralise toxin activity
MineRank: Leveraging Users' latent roles for Unsupervised Collaborative Information Retrieval

Research on collaborative information retrieval (CIR) has shown positive impacts of collaboration on retrieval effectiveness in the case of complex and/or exploratory tasks. The synergic effect of accomplishing something greater than the sum of its individual components is reached through the gathering of collaborators' complementary skills. However, these approaches often lack the consideration that collaborators might refine their skills and actions throughout the search session, and that a flexible system mediation guided by collaborators' behaviors should dynamically adapt to this situation in order to optimize search effectiveness. In this article, we propose a new unsupervised collaborative ranking algorithm which leverages collaborators' actions for (1) mining their latent roles in order to extract their complementary search behaviors; and (2) ranking documents with respect to the latent role of collaborators. Experiments using two user studies with respectively 25 and 10 pairs of collaborators demonstrate the benefit of such an unsupervised method driven by collaborators' behaviors throughout the search session. Also, a qualitative analysis of the identified latent role is proposed to explain an over-learning noticed in one of the datasets