pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Stellar granulation as seen in disk-integrated intensity. II.
  Theoretical scaling relations compared with observations

A large set of stars observed by CoRoT and Kepler shows clear evidence for
the presence of a stellar background, which is interpreted to arise from
surface convection, i.e., granulation. These observations show that the
characteristic time-scale (tau_eff) and the root-mean-square (rms) brightness
fluctuations (sigma) associated with the granulation scale as a function of the
peak frequency (nu_max) of the solar-like oscillations. We aim at providing a
theoretical background to the observed scaling relations based on a model
developed in the companion paper. We computed for each 3D model the theoretical
power density spectrum (PDS) associated with the granulation as seen in
disk-integrated intensity on the basis of the theoretical model. For each PDS
we derived tau_eff and sigma and compared these theoretical values with the
theoretical scaling relations derived from the theoretical model and the Kepler
measurements. We derive theoretical scaling relations for tau_eff and sigma,
which show the same dependence on nu_max as the observed scaling relations. In
addition, we show that these quantities also scale as a function of the
turbulent Mach number (Ma) estimated at the photosphere. The theoretical
scaling relations for tau_eff and sigma match the observations well on a global
scale. Our modelling provides additional theoretical support for the observed
variations of sigma and tau_eff with nu_m max. It also highlights the important
role of Ma in controlling the properties of the stellar granulation. However,
the observations made with Kepler on a wide variety of stars cannot confirm the
dependence of our scaling relations on Ma. Measurements of the granulation
background and detections of solar-like oscillations in a statistically
sufficient number of cool dwarf stars will be required for confirming the
dependence of the theoretical scaling relations with Ma.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figures,accepted for publication in A&
Generalised Planar Black Holes and the Holography of Hydrodynamic Shear

AdS black holes with planar event horizon topology play a central role in
AdS/CFT holography, and particularly in its applications. Generalisations of
the known planar black holes can be found by considering the
Plebanski--Demianski metrics, a very general family of exactly specified
solutions of the Einstein equations. These generalised planar black holes may
be useful in applications. We give a concrete example of this in the context of
the holographic description of the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). We argue that our
generalised planar black holes allow us to construct a model of the internal
shearing motion generated when the QGP is produced in peripheral heavy-ion
collisions. When embedded in string theory, the bulk physics is in fact
unstable. We find however that this instability may develop too slowly to
affect the evolution of the plasma, except possibly for high values of the
quark chemical potential, such as will be studied in experimental scans of the
quark matter phase diagram.Comment: 30 pages, 3 figures; v2: one footnote added regarding conformal
  flatness; version to appear in Nuclear Physics
Integrable Scalar Cosmologies II. Can they fit into Gauged Extended
  Supergavity or be encoded in N=1 superpotentials?

The question whether the integrable one-field cosmologies classified in a
previous paper by Fre, Sagnotti and Sorin can be embedded as consistent
one-field truncations into Extended Gauged Supergravity or in N=1 supergravity
gauged by a superpotential without the use of D-terms is addressed in this
paper. The answer is that such an embedding is very difficult and rare but not
impossible. Indeed we were able to find two examples of integrable models
embedded in Supergravity in this way. Both examples are fitted into N=1
Supergravity by means of a very specific and interesting choice of the
superpotential W(z). The question whether there are examples of such an
embedding in extended Gauged Supergravity remains open. In the present paper,
relying on the embedding tensor formalism we classified all gaugings of the N=2
STU model, confirming, in the absence on hypermultiplets, the uniqueness of the
stable de Sitter vacuum found several years ago by Fre, Trigiante and Van
Proeyen and excluding the embedding of any integrable cosmological model. A
detailed analysis of the space of exact solutions of the first Supergravity
embedded integrable cosmological model revealed several new features worth an
in depth consideration. When the scalar potential has an extremum at a negative
value, the universe necessarily collapses into a Big Crunch notwithstanding its
spatial flatness. The causal structure of these universes is quite different
from that of the closed, positive curved, universe: indeed in this case the
particle and event horizons do not coincide and develop complicated patterns.
The cosmological consequences of this unexpected mechanism deserve careful
consideration.Comment: 97 pages, LaTex, 31 eps figures, 2 table
An ALMA Survey of Submillimeter Galaxies in the Extended Chandra Deep
  Field South: The AGN Fraction and X-ray Properties of Submillimeter Galaxies

The large gas and dust reservoirs of submm galaxies (SMGs) could potentially
provide ample fuel to trigger an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN), but previous
studies of the AGN fraction in SMGs have been controversial largely due to the
inhomogeneity and limited angular resolution of the available submillimeter
surveys. Here we set improved constraints on the AGN fraction and X-ray
properties of the SMGs with ALMA and Chandra observations in the Extended
Chandra Deep Field-South (E-CDF-S). This study is the first among similar works
to have unambiguously identified the X-ray counterparts of SMGs; this is
accomplished using the fully submm-identified, statistically reliable SMG
catalog with 99 SMGs from the ALMA LABOCA E-CDF-S Submillimeter Survey (ALESS).
We found 10 X-ray sources associated with SMGs (median redshift z = 2.3), of
which 8 were identified as AGNs using several techniques that enable
cross-checking. The other 2 X-ray detected SMGs have levels of X-ray emission
that can be plausibly explained by their star-formation activity. 6 of the 8
SMG-AGNs are moderately/highly absorbed, with N_H > 10e23 cm-2. An analysis of
the AGN fraction, taking into account the spatial variation of X-ray
sensitivity, yields an AGN fraction of 17+16-6% for AGNs with rest-frame 0.5-8
keV absorption-corrected luminosity >7.8x10e42 erg s-1; we provide estimated
AGN fractions as a function of X-ray flux and luminosity. ALMA's high angular
resolution also enables direct X-ray stacking at the precise positions of SMGs
for the first time, and we found 4 potential SMG-AGNs in our stacking sample.Comment: 39 pages emulateapj style, 15 figures, 6 tables. Accepted to ApJ.
  Contact Sharon X. Wang at xxw131@psu.edu for machine-readable tables and data
  in figure
Measurement of the low-mass Drell-Yan differential cross section at
  $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV using the ATLAS detector

The differential cross section for the process $Z/\gamma^*\rightarrow ll$
($l=e,\mu$) as a function of dilepton invariant mass is measured in pp
collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 7 TeV at the LHC using the ATLAS detector. The
measurement is performed in the $e$ and $\mu$ channels for invariant masses
between 26 GeV and 66 GeV using an integrated luminosity of 1.6 fb$^{-1}$
collected in 2011 and these measurements are combined. The analysis is extended
to invariant masses as low as 12 GeV in the muon channel using 35 pb$^{-1}$ of
data collected in 2010. The cross sections are determined within fiducial
acceptance regions and corrections to extrapolate the measurements to the full
kinematic range are provided. Next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD predictions
provide a significantly better description of the results than
next-to-leading-order QCD calculations, unless the latter are matched to a
parton shower calculation.Comment: 32 pages plus author list (53 pages total), 7 figures, 13 tables,
  submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
  http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2011-41
Structural behavior and dynamics of an anomalous fluid between
  solvophilic and solvophobic walls: templating, molding and superdiffusion

Confinement can modify the dynamics, the thermodynamics and the structural
properties of liquid water, the prototypical anomalous liquid. By considering a
general anomalous liquid, suitable for globular proteins, colloids or liquid
metals, we study by molecular dynamics simulations the effect of a solvophilic
structured and a solvophobic unstructured wall on the phases, the crystal
nucleation and the dynamics of the fluid. We find that at low temperatures the
large density of the solvophilic wall induces a high-density, high-energy
structure in the first layer ("tempting" effect). In turn, the first layer
induces a "molding" effect on the second layer determining a structure with
reduced energy and density, closer to the average density of the system. This
low-density, low-energy structure propagates further through the layers by
templating effect and can involve all the existing layers at the lowest
temperatures investigated. Therefore, although the high-density, high-energy
structure does not self-reproduce further than the first layer, the structured
wall can have a long-range effect thanks to a sequence of templating, molding
and templating effects through the layers. We find dynamical slowing down of
the solvent near the solvophilic wall but with largely heterogeneous dynamics
near the wall due to superdiffusive liquid veins within a frozen matrix of
solvent. Hence, the partial freezing of the first hydration layer does not
correspond necessarily to an effective reduction of the channel section in
terms of transport properties.Comment: 37 pages, 17 figure
Propagation of two short laser pulse trains in a $\Lambda$-type
  three-level medium under conditions of electromagnetically induced
  transparency

We investigate the dynamics of a pair of short laser pulse trains propagating
in a medium consisting of three-level $\Lambda$-type atoms by numerically
solving the Maxwell-Schr\"odinger equations for atoms and fields. By performing
propagation calculations with different parameters, under conditions of
electromagnetically induced transparency, we compare the propagation dynamics
by a single pair of probe and coupling laser pulses and by probe and coupling
laser pulse trains. We discuss the influence of the coupling pulse area, number
of pulses, and detunings on the probe laser propagation and realization of
electromagnetically induced transparency conditions, as well on the formation
of a dark state
Radiative energy loss and radiative p_T-broadening of high-energy
  partons in QCD matter

We study the connection between radiative energy loss and radiative
p_T-broadening of a high-energy quark or gluon passing through QCD matter. The
generalized Baier-Dokshitzer-Mueller-Peigne-Schiff-Zakharov (BDMPS-Z) formalism
is used to calculate energy loss due to multiple gluon emission. With L the
length of the matter and l_0 the size of constituents of the matter we find a
double logarithmic correction proportional to ln^2(L/l_0) to parton energy loss
due to two-gluon emission. We also show that the radiative energy loss per unit
length -dE/dz = alpha_s N_c < p_T^2 >/12 by carrying out a resummation of the
double logarithmic terms. Here, the transverse momentum broadening <p_T^2> is
obtained by resumming terms proportional to alpha_s ln^2(L/l_0) in Ref. [11].
Our result agrees with that by the renormalization of qhat proposed in Refs.
[13,14].Comment: 17 pages, 5 figures, minor modifications, references added, final
  version in JHE
Exceptional thermodynamics: The equation of state of G(2) gauge theory

We present a lattice study of the equation of state in Yang-Mills theory
based on the exceptional G(2) gauge group. As is well-known, at zero
temperature this theory shares many qualitative features with real-world QCD,
including the absence of colored states in the spectrum and dynamical string
breaking at large distances. In agreement with previous works, we show that at
finite temperature this theory features a first-order deconfining phase
transition, whose nature can be studied by a semi-classical computation. We
also show that the equilibrium thermodynamic observables in the deconfined
phase bear striking quantitative similarities with those found in SU(N) gauge
theories: in particular, these quantities exhibit nearly perfect
proportionality to the number of gluon degrees of freedom, and the trace
anomaly reveals a characteristic quadratic dependence on the temperature, also
observed in SU(N) Yang-Mills theories (both in four and in three spacetime
dimensions). We compare our lattice data with analytical predictions from
effective models, and discuss their implications for the deconfinement
mechanism and high-temperature properties of strongly interacting,
non-supersymmetric gauge theories. Our results give strong evidence for the
conjecture that the thermal deconfining transition is governed by a universal
mechanism, common to all simple gauge groups.Comment: 1+36 pages, 8 figures; v2, 1+41 pages, 9 figures: scale setting
  improved, discussion in section 1 slightly expanded, comments on the Monte
  Carlo algorithm added, new references included, affiliation details for one
  of the authors updated, minor misprints corrected: version published in the
  journa
No-scale N=4 supergravity coupled to Yang-Mills: the scalar potential and super Higgs effect

We derive the scalar potential of the effective theory of type IIB orientifold with 3-form fluxes turned on in presence of non abelian brane coordinates. N=4 supergravity predicts a positive definite potential with vanishing cosmological constant in the vacuum of commuting coordinates, with a classical moduli space given by three radial moduli and three RR scalars which complete a (SU(1,1)/U(1))^3 coset, together with the moduli in the Cartan subalgebra U(1)^{rank G} of the gauge group G. Implications for the super Higgs mechanism are also discussed
Thin loop algebras of Albert-Zassenhaus algebras

Thin Lie algebras are Lie algebras over a field, graded over the positive
integers and satisfying a certain narrowness condition. In particular, all
homogeneous components have dimension one or two, and are called diamonds in
the latter case. The first diamond is the component of degree one, and the
second diamond can only occur in degrees 3, 5, q or 2q-1, where q is a power of
the characteristic of the underlying field. Here we consider several classes of
thin Lie algebras with second diamond in degree q. In particular, we identify
the Lie algebras in one of these classes with suitable loop algebras of certain
Albert-Zassenhaus Lie algebras. We also apply a deformation technique to
recover other thin Lie algebras previously produced as loop algebras of certain
graded Hamiltonian Lie algebras.Comment: 28 page
Universal Tunnelling Time in photonic Barriers

Tunnelling transit time for a frustrated total internal reflection in a
double-prism experiment was measured using microwave radiation. We have found
that the transit time is of the same order of magnitude as the corresponding
transit time measured either in an undersized waveguide (evanescent modes) or
in a photonic lattice. Moreover we have established that in all such
experiments the tunnelling transit time is approximately equal to the
reciprocal 1/f of the corresponding frequency of radiation.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 tabl
Automorphisms of Zd-subshifts of finite type

Let (S,s) be a Zd-subshift of finite type. Under a strong irreducibility condition (strong specification), we show that Aut(S) contains any finite group. For Zd-subshifts of finite type without strong specification, examples show that topological mixing is not sufficient to give any finite group in the automorphism group in general: in particular, End(S) may be an abelian semigroup. For an example of a topologically mixing Z2-subshift of finite type, the endomorphism semigroup and automorphism group are computed explicitly. This subshift has periodic-point permutations that do not extend to automorphisms
A Chandra Observation of 3C 288—Reheating ohe Cool Core of a 3 Kev Cluster from a Nuclear Outburst at Z = 0.246

We present results from a 42 ks Chandra/ACIS-S observation of the transitional FR I/FR II radio galaxy 3C 288 at z = 0.246. We detect ~3 keV gas extending to a radius of ~0.5 Mpc with a 0.5-2.0 keV luminosity of 6.6 × 1043 erg s–1, implying that 3C 288 lies at the center of a poor cluster. We find multiple surface brightness discontinuities in the gas indicative of either a shock driven by the inflation of the radio lobes or a recent merger event. The temperature across the discontinuities is roughly constant with no signature of a cool core, thus disfavoring either the merger cold front or sloshing scenarios. We argue therefore that the discontinuities are shocks due to the supersonic inflation of the radio lobes. If they are shocks, the energy of the outburst is ~1060 erg, or roughly 30% of the thermal energy of the gas within the radius of the shock, assuming that the shocks are part of a front produced by a single outburst. The cooling time of the gas is ~108 yr, so that the energy deposited by the nuclear outburst could have reheated and efficiently disrupted a cool core.Astronom
A study of the relationship between health and subjective well-being in parkinson's disease patients

Objectives\ud
Governments are turning their attention to evidence on subjective measures of well-being to inform policy decisions. In the context of health, there is therefore growing interest in understanding how measures of health-related quality of life relate to subjective well-being, and whether subjective well-being could provide a basis for resource allocation decisions in the future. This study investigates the relationship between health-related quality of life, as measured by EQ-5D, and subjective well-being in Parkinson’s disease.\ud
\ud
Methods\ud
A paper questionnaire including EQ-5D, four key subjective well-being questions taken from the Integrated Household Survey in England and other demographic details was distributed to people with Parkinson’s disease in the UK. Responses were used to estimate multiple regression models explaining subjective well-being using the EQ-5D Index (UK weights), EQ-5D dimensions and EQ-VAS and patient socio-demographic characteristics.\ud
\ud
Results\ud
A total of 199 responses were received. Combining EQ-VAS and EQ-5D dimensions, especially anxiety/depression and, to a lesser extent, mobility, yielded the best-fitting models (adjusted R2 range 0.36-0.53). Parkinson’s disease patients living in care homes report lower levels of subjective well-being than those living alone. These effects are not captured by the health-related quality of life measures in the analysis.\ud
\ud
Conclusions\ud
Usual health-related quality of life measures can partially explain different well-being dimensions, yet they fail to capture part of the broader impact of disease on subjective well-being. Further empirical research into the relationship between subjective well-being and EQ-5D longitudinally, and in different disease areas, is required, and further standardisation of subjective well-being measures is recommended
A predictive $331$ model with $A_{4}$ flavour symmetry

We propose a predictive model based on the $SU(3)_{C}\otimes SU(3)_{L}\otimes
U(1)_{X}$ gauge group supplemented by the $A_{4}\otimes Z_{3}\otimes
Z_{4}\otimes Z_{6}\otimes Z_{16}$ discrete group, which successfully describes
the SM fermion mass and mixing pattern. The small active neutrino masses are
generated via inverse seesaw mechanism with three very light Majorana
neutrinos. The observed charged fermion mass hierarchy and quark mixing pattern
are originated from the breaking of the $Z_{4}\otimes Z_{6}\otimes Z_{16}$
discrete group at very high scale. The obtained values for the physical
observables for both quark and lepton sectors are in excellent agreement with
the experimental data. The model predicts a vanishing leptonic Dirac CP
violating phase as well as an effective Majorana neutrino mass parameter of
neutrinoless double beta decay, with values $m_{\beta \beta }=$ 2 and 48 meV
for the normal and the inverted neutrino mass hierarchies, respectively.Comment: 20 pages. Final version published in Nuclear Physics
Dark $Z$ Implication for Flavor Physics

Dark $Z$/dark photon ($Z'$) is one candidate of dark force carrier, which
helps to interpret the properties of dark matter (DM). Other than traditional
studies of DM including direct detection, indirect detection and collider
simulation, in this work we take flavor physics as a complementary approach to
investigate the features of dark matter. We give an exact calculation of the
new type of penguin diagram induced by $Z'$ which further modifies the
well-known $X, Y, Z$ functions in penguin-box expansion. The measurement of
rare decays $B\to K^{(*)}\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B_s\to \mu^+\mu^-$ at LHC, together
with direct CP violation $\varepsilon'/\varepsilon$ in $K\to\pi \pi$ as well as
$K_L\to\mu^+\mu^-$, are used to determine the parameter space. The size of
coupling constant, however, is found to be $\mathcal{O}(1)$ which is much
weaker than the known constraints.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures; For V2 typo corrected, references added,
  published in JHE
Activity and Magnetic Field Structure of the Sun-Like Planet Hosting
  Star HD 1237

We analyse the magnetic activity characteristics of the planet hosting
Sun-like star, HD 1237, using HARPS spectro-polarimetric time-series data. We
find evidence of rotational modulation of the magnetic longitudinal field
measurements consistent with our ZDI analysis, with a period of 7 days. We
investigate the effect of customising the LSD mask to the line depths of the
observed spectrum and find that it has a minimal effect on shape of the
extracted Stokes V profile but does result in a small increase in the S/N
($\sim$ 7%). We find that using a Milne-Eddington solution to describe the
local line profile provides a better fit to the LSD profiles in this slowly
rotating star, which also impacts the recovered ZDI field distribution. We also
introduce a fit-stopping criterion based on the information content (entropy)
of the ZDI maps solution set. The recovered magnetic field maps show a strong
(+90 G) ring-like azimuthal field distribution and a complex radial field
dominating at mid latitudes ($\sim$45 degrees). Similar magnetic field maps are
recovered from data acquired five months apart. Future work will investigate
how this surface magnetic field distribution impacts the coronal magnetic field
and extended environment around this planet-hosting star.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&