pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Conspecific recognition and aggression reduction to familiars in newly weaned, socially plastic mammals.

Recognising conspecifics and behaving appropriately towards them is a crucial ability for many species. Grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) show varying capabilities in this regard: mother-pup recognition has been demonstrated in some geographical populations but is absent in others, yet there is evidence that individuals aggregate with prior associates. The recognition capabilities of newly weaned grey seal pups were investigated using class recognition trials within the habituation/dishabituation paradigm. Trials took place in pens, using pairs of individuals that either had previously cohabited (familiar) or that had never met before (stranger). Frequencies of olfactory and visual investigative behaviours (‘checks’) and aggressive interactions were recorded during trials. Familiar individuals recognised each other: paired strangers showed significantly more checks and aggressive interactions than were seen in trials pairing familiars. Oxytocin concentrations in post-trial plasma samples were analysed to investigate the underlying physiology modulating recognition abilities; however, no significant differences were detected between familiar or stranger trials. This study demonstrates that at a young age, grey seals can recognise individuals they have previously encountered. Recognition abilities in this species have adaptive value by allowing the reduction of costly aggressive interactions between familiar conspecifics, which is often cited as the first step towards the evolution of sociality in a species. This study is the first with wild subjects to find conspecific recognition abilities in a pinniped species outside of reproductive contexts. It demonstrates that even largely solitary species can be capable of recognition and pro-social behaviours that benefit them during times when they must aggregate
${^3{\rm He}}(\alpha,\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ and ${^3{\rm
  H}}(\alpha,\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ astrophysical $S$ factors from the no-core
  shell model with continuum

The ${^3{\rm He}}(\alpha,\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$ and ${^3{\rm
H}}(\alpha,\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ astrophysical $S$ factors are calculated within
the no-core shell model with continuum using a renormalized chiral
nucleon-nucleon interaction. The ${^3{\rm He}}(\alpha,\gamma){^7{\rm Be}}$
astrophysical $S$ factors agree reasonably well with the experimental data
while the ${^3{\rm H}}(\alpha,\gamma){^7{\rm Li}}$ ones are overestimated. The
seven-nucleon bound and resonance states and the $\alpha+{^3{\rm He}}/{^3{\rm
H}}$ elastic scattering are also studied and compared with experiment. The
low-lying resonance properties are rather well reproduced by our approach. At
low energies, the $s$-wave phase shift, which is non-resonant, is
overestimated.Comment: 8 pages, submitted to Phys. Lett.
Combined search for anomalous pseudoscalar HVV couplings in VH
  production and H to VV decay

A search for anomalous pseudoscalar couplings of the Higgs boson H to
electroweak vector bosons V (= W or Z) in a sample of proton-proton collision
events corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 18.9 inverse femtobarns at
a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV is presented. Events consistent with the
topology of associated VH production, where the Higgs boson decays to a pair of
bottom quarks and the vector boson decays leptonically, are analyzed. The
consistency of data with a potential pseudoscalar contribution to the HVV
interaction, expressed by the effective pseudoscalar cross section fractions
f[a3], is assessed by means of profile likelihood scans. Results are given for
the VH channels alone and for a combined analysis of the VH and previously
published H to VV channels. Under certain assumptions, f[a3](ZZ) > 0.0034 is
excluded at 95% confidence level in the combination. Scenarios in which these
assumptions are relaxed are also considered.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added the journal reference and DOI.
  All figures and tables, including additional figures, can be found at
  http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-14-035/index.htm
Gauge $U(1)$ Dark Symmetry and Radiative Light Fermion Masses

A gauge $U(1)$ family symmetry is proposed, spanning the quarks and leptons
as well as particles of the dark sector. The breaking of $U(1)$ to $Z_2$
divides the two sectors and generates one-loop radiative masses for the first
two families of quarks and leptons, as well as all three neutrinos. We study
the phenomenological implications of this new connection between family
symmetry and dark matter. In particular, a scalar or pseudoscalar particle
associated with this $U(1)$ breaking may be identified with the 750 GeV
diphoton resonance recently observed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
ESTRO-HERO survey: Guidelines for equipment and staffing of radiotherapy facilities in the European countries: Final results of the ESTRO-HERO survey

Background and purpose: In planning to meet evidence based needs for radiotherapy, guidelines for the provision of capital and human resources are central if access, quality and safety are not to be compromised. A component of the ESTRO-HERO (Health Economics in Radiation Oncology) project is to document the current availability and content of guidelines for radiotherapy in Europe. Materials and methods: An 84 part questionnaire was distributed to the European countries through their national scientific and professional radiotherapy societies with 30 items relating to the availability of guidelines for equipment and staffing and selected operational issues. Twenty-nine countries provided full or partial evaluable responses. Results: The availability of guidelines across Europe is far from uniform. The metrics used for capital and human resources are variable. There seem to have been no major changes in the availability or specifics of guidelines over the ten-year period since the QUARTS study with the exception of the recent expansion of RTT staffing models. Where comparison is possible it appears that staffing for radiation oncologists, medical physicists and particularly RTTs tend to exceed guidelines suggesting developments in clinical radiotherapy are moving faster than guideline updating. Conclusion: The efficient provision of safe, high quality radiotherapy services would benefit from the availability of well-structured guidelines for capital and human resources, based on agreed upon metrics, which could be linked to detailed estimates of nee
Enhanced susceptibility of Tibraca limbativentris (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) to Metarhizium anisopliae with sublethal doses of chemical insecticides.

This study investigated the interaction of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. with sublethal doses of synthetic chemical insecticides thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin for the control of Tibraca limbativentris adults under laboratory and field conditions. Median lethal time (LT50) was reduced significantly when M. anisopliae (5 x 106?5 x 108 conidia/mL) was combined with a sublethal dose (0.77 ppm AI) of thiamethoxam compared with fungus only. A similar response on host mortality was observed for M. anisopliae at 5 x 107 conidia/mL in combination with sublethal dose of lambda-cyhalothrin at 9.33 ppm (AI). Additionally, the thiamethoxam-fungus combination increased overall mortality and percent mycosed insects in comparison to their counterparts alone. Increasing fungus concentration did not increase insect susceptibility when combined with thiamethoxam either at 0.77 or 0.38 ppm (AI). In a field experiment, the combination of M. anisopliae at 1 x 1012 viable conidia/ha with thiamethoxam at 12.5 g (AI)/ha (1=4 full dose) synergistically increased mortality and mycosis of adults of T. limbativentris. Therefore, enhanced T. limbativentris control could potentially be achieved within label rates of fungus (5 x 106 conidia/mL) and sublethal thiamethoxam (0.77 ppm). The strategy of using sublethal doses of chemical insecticides in combination with entomopathogenic fungi is a promising approach to battle the rice stalk stink bug in rice fields.201
The preservation of d34sSO4 and d18OSO4 in carbonate-associated sulfate during marine diagenesis: a 25 Myr test case using marine sediments

A 25 million year record of the sulfur and oxygen isotope composition of marine carbonate-associated sulfate (CAS) was constructed from 55 nannofossil ooze samples at three different locations. We tested the impact of early marine diagenesis on CAS by comparing the CAS extractions to the sulfur and oxygen isotope composition of the associated pore fluid sulfate, to determine the degree of pore fluid incorporation during carbonate recrystallization. Neither the sulfur nor the oxygen isotope composition of CAS are completely overprinted by incorporation of pore fluid sulfate. We compare our record to the sulfur and oxygen isotope records of coeval barite. The sulfur isotope record is in agreement with the barite record within ±2‰±2‰, except where very young (<2 Ma) sediments are in the presence of highly evolved pore fluid sulfate (View the MathML sourceδS34=70‰). A simple recrystallization model is used to illustrate the sensitivity of CAS View the MathML sourceδSSO434 to sedimentation rate, and to emphasize that careful sample selection, along with an analysis of early diagenetic environmental conditions is crucial when interpreting CAS sulfur isotopes. Oxygen isotopes in CAS are more complex and do not reproduce similar values to those of coeval barite. We conclude that oxygen isotopes in sulfate may remain a useful proxy but merit closer attention in the future
The Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation series of quasi-degenerate systems

16 pages, 3 figuresInternational audienceWe present the first representation of the general term of the Rayleigh-Schrödinger series for quasidegenerate systems. Each term of the series is represented by a tree and there is a straightforward relation between the tree and the analytical expression of the corresponding term. The combinatorial and graphical techniques used in the proof of the series expansion allow us to derive various resummation formulas of the series. The relation with several combinatorial objects used for special cases (degenerate or non-degenerate systems) is established
Lifshitz black holes in IIA supergravity

We compute string theoretic black hole solutions having Lifshitz asymptotics
with a general dynamical exponent z>1. We start by constructing solutions in a
flux compactification of six dimensional supergravity, then uplift them to
massive type IIA supergravity. Alongside the Lifshitz black holes we study the
simpler anti-de Sitter solutions, of which there are a 1-parameter family in
this supergravity, and compare and contrast their properties. The black holes
are characterized by a two-form and scalar charge, and we numerically explore
their configuration space and thermodynamical aspects.Comment: 36 pages, 26 figures. V2, references added; matches journal versio
Search for very-high-energy γ-ray emission from Galactic globular clusters with H.E.S.S.

International audienceContext. Globular clusters (GCs) are established emitters of high-energy (HE, 100 MeV < E < 100 GeV) γ-ray radiation which could originate from the cumulative emission of the numerous millisecond pulsars (msPSRs) in the clusters’ cores or from inverse Compton (IC) scattering of relativistic leptons accelerated in the GC environment. These stellar clusters could also constitute a new class of sources in the very-high-energy (VHE, E > 100 GeV) γ-ray regime, judging from the recent detection of a signal from the direction of Terzan 5 with the H.E.S.S. telescope array.Aims. To search for VHE γ-ray sources associated with other GCs, and to put constraints on leptonic emission models, we systematically analyzed the observations towards 15 GCs taken with the H.E.S.S. array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes.Methods. We searched for point-like and extended VHE γ-ray emission from each GC in our sample and also performed a stacking analysis combining the data from all GCs to investigate the hypothesis of a population of faint emitters. Assuming IC emission as the origin of the VHE γ-ray signal from the direction of Terzan 5, we calculated the expected γ-ray flux from each of the 15 GCs, based on their number of millisecond pulsars, their optical brightness and the energy density of background photon fields.Results. We did not detect significant VHE γ-ray emission from any of the 15 GCs in either of the two analyses. Given the uncertainties related to the parameter determinations, the obtained flux upper limits allow to rule out the simple IC/msPSR scaling model for NGC 6388 and NGC 7078. The upper limits derived from the stacking analyses are factors between 2 and 50 below the flux predicted by the simple leptonic scaling model, depending on the assumed source extent and the dominant target photon fields. Therefore, Terzan 5 still remains exceptional among all GCs, as the VHE γ-ray emission either arises from extra-ordinarily efficient leptonic processes, or from a recent catastrophic event, or is even unrelated to the GC itself
Mesoscopic modelling of the interaction of infrared lasers with composite materials : an application to human dental enamel

The mesostructure and composition of composite materials determine their mechanical, optical and thermal properties and, consequently, their response to incident radiation. We have developed general finite element models of porous composite materials under infrared radiation to examine the influence of pore size on one of the determining parameters of the stress distribution in the material: the temperature distribution. We apply them to the specific case of human dental enamel, a material which has nanometer scale pores containing water/organic, and predict the maximum temperature reached after a single 0.35 µs laser pulse of sub-ablative fluence by two lasers: Er:YAG (2.9 µm) and CO2 (10.6 µm). For the Er:YAG laser, the results imply a strong dependence of the maximum temperature reached at the pore on the area-to-volume ratio of the pore, whereas there is little such dependence for CO2 lasers. Thus, CO2 lasers may produce more reproducible results than Er:YAG lasers when it comes to enamel ablation, which may be of significant interest during clinical practice. More generally, when ablating composite materials by infrared lasers researchers should account for the material's microstructure and composition when designing experiments or interpreting results, since a more simplistic continuum approach may not be sufficient to explain differences observed during ablation of materials with similar optical properties or of the same material but using different wavelengths.Comunidade Europeia (CE). Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) – Programa Operacional “Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovação” - POCTI/ESP/37944/2001, SFRH/BD/4725/2001
New interaction paradigms to fight the digital divide : a pilot case study regarding multi-touch technology

Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are considered a powerful tool for economic development and the growth of societies. However, instead of helping overcome society's inequalities caused by the digital era, the have instigated an increase of the people that rested aside of the information age. The digital divide refers to the difficulty infoexcluded people have in keeping up with technological advances. This phenomenon was triggered by the rapid growth and dissemination of technological equipment, as a portion of society did not have the proper time or knowledge to adjust. This paper sets forth a new approach to help fight the Portuguese digital divide by presenting new ways of interaction. Resorting to multi-touch technology, we examine how this new natural interaction paradigm can have a positive influence in the
struggle against info-exclusion. For this purpose, we present a multi-touch game envisioned to encourage and teach digitally excluded people on how to use an important and needed everyday equipment the ATM (Automated Teller Machine) as
it is still avoided by some. We believe that our pilot case study can show preliminary results on how natural user interfaces may be beneficial to help overcome some difficulties enforced by the digital divide. We consider that our findings may be
valuable to show a possible path of how the new natural user interfaces can help bring technology and people closer. After being asked about their user experience, the participants of this exploratory study agreed that the game encouraged them to explore more about new technologiesWe would like to acknowledge the support and contribution of the two Parishes of Vila Real. Diana Carvalho has a PhD fellowship granted by FCT Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia ( SFRH/ BD/ 81541/ 2011)
Forward-backward asymmetry of Drell-Yan lepton pairs in pp collisions at √s=7TeV

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMA measurement of the forward–backward asymmetry (AFB) of Drell–Yan lepton pairs in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV is presented. The data sample, collected with the CMS detector, corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5 fb−1. The asymmetry is measured as a function of dilepton mass and rapidity in the dielectron and dimuon channels. Combined results from the two channels are presented, and are compared with the standard model predictions. The AFB measurement in the dimuon channel and the combination of the two channels are the first such results obtained at a hadron collider. The measured asymmetries are consistent with the standard model predictionsWe thank the technical and administrative staff at CERN and other CMS institutes, and acknowledge support from: FMSR (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MoST, and NSFC (China); COLCIENCIAS (Colombia); MSES (Croatia); RPF (Cyprus); MoER, SF0690030s09 and ERDF (Estonia); Academy of Finland, MEC, and HIP (Finland); CEA and CNRS/IN2P3 (France); BMBF, DFG, and HGF (Germany); GSRT (Greece); OTKA and NKTH (Hungary); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); SFI (Ireland); INFN (Italy); NRF and WCU (Korea); LAS (Lithuania); CINVESTAV, CONACYT, SEP, and UASLP-FAI (Mexico); MSI (New Zealand); PAEC (Pakistan); MSHE and NSC (Poland); FCT (Portugal); JINR (Armenia, Belarus, Georgia, Ukraine, Uzbekistan); MON, RosAtom, RAS and RFBR (Russia); MSTD (Serbia); MICINN and CPAN (Spain); Swiss Funding Agencies (Switzerland); NSC (Taipei); TUBITAK and TAEK (Turkey); STFC (United Kingdom); DOE and NSF (USA
Natural killer cells in cancer : studies on migration and cytotoxicity

The role of natural killer (NK) cells in cancer development has been studied extensively over the last four decades and the increasing knowledge on NK cell regulation has improved both safety and efficacy of treatment. Despite these recent advances the clinical success has to date been modest in treatment of solid tumors, owing both to suboptimal directed migration of NK cells and the tumor cell’s resistance to NK cell-mediated lysis. This thesis focuses on strategies to overcome these critical issues thus improving the anti-tumor effect of adoptive NK cell therapy. In paper I, we have studied the sensitizing effect of doxorubicin on tumor cells to NK cell and T cell-mediated lysis. The potential clinical advantage of using doxorubicin as a preconditioning agent was highlighted in a xenograft mouse model, where mice receiving low-doses of doxorubicin prior to NK cell infusion had a stronger anti-tumor effect of a subsequent NK cell treatment compared to mice receiving only NK cell treatment. Further, we identified TRAIL-signaling as the main pathway responsible for the tumor sensitization due to decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic protein cFLIP. In paper II we have established that the cytotoxicity of NK cells can be augmented by co-culturing them with monocytes in presence of the biphosphonate zoledronic acid (ZA). We observed an upregulated expression of TRAIL on NK cells, through increased levels of monocyte-derived IFNγ in the culture. Thus, NK cells primed with ZA were able to lyse TRAIL-sensitive tumors both in vitro and in vivo. In paper III, we studied CXCL10-mediated migration of NK cells toward solid tumors. We found that ex vivo expansion of NK cells induced a 10-fold increase in CXCR3-receptor expression, which allowed them to migrate towards tumor cells in a CXCL10-dependent manner. In two separate xenograft models we could demonstrate the anti-tumor effect of CXCL10-induced migration of adoptively transferred CXCR3-positive NK cells by their selective targeting of CXCL10-producing tumors, which resulted in reduced tumor progression and prolonged survival. In paper IV, we identified anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) as a potential novel target for NK cell therapy. We found that ATC cells were sensitive to NKG2D-mediated lysis due to high expression of ULBP2 on tumor cells. In addition, tumor cells produced high levels of CXCL10 which attracted CXCR3-positive NK cells in vitro. In ATC tumor samples we found a suppressed NK cell population although enriched for CXCR3 expression suggesting that CXCL10 may have been involved in the chemoattraction of the NK cells.



In conclusion, we have studied some of the important aspects of how NK cells interact with tumor cells and suggested approaches that could improve the use of NK cells in cancer therapy. Moreover, we have identified the highly aggressive tumor ATC as being uniquely sensitive to NK cell lysis and have studied the prospects of developing NK cell therapies for ATC patients
Global update on the susceptibility of humam influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors 2012-2013

Emergence of influenza viruses with reduced susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) is sporadic, often follows exposure to NAIs, but occasionally occurs in the absence of NAI pressure. The emergence and global spread in 2007/2008 of A(H1N1) influenza viruses showing clinical resistance to oseltamivir due to neuraminidase (NA) H275Y substitution, in the absence of drug pressure, warrants continued vigilance and monitoring for similar viruses. Four World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborating Centres for Reference and Research on Influenza and one WHO Collaborating Centre for the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control of Influenza (WHO CCs) tested 11,387 viruses collected by WHO-recognized National Influenza Centres (NIC) between May 2012 and May 2013 to determine 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) data for oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir and laninamivir. The data were evaluated using normalized IC50 fold-changes rather than raw IC50 data. Nearly 90% of the 11,387 viruses were from three WHO regions: Western Pacific, the Americas and Europe. Only 0.2% (n=27) showed highly reduced inhibition (HRI) against at least one of the four NAIs, usually oseltamivir, while 0.3% (n=39) showed reduced inhibition (RI). NA sequence data, available from the WHO CCs and from sequence databases (n=3661), were screened for amino acid substitutions associated with reduced NAI susceptibility. Those showing HRI were A(H1N1)pdm09 with NA H275Y (n=18), A(H3N2) with NA E119V (n=3) or NA R292K (n=1) and B/Victoria-lineage with NA H273Y (n=2); amino acid position numbering is A subtype and B type specific. Overall, approximately 99% of circulating viruses tested during the 2012-2013 period were sensitive to all four NAIs. Consequently, these drugs remain an appropriate choice for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza virus infections