pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Wearable organic optoelectronic sensors for medicine

This work was supported by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Programme Grant “Challenging the limits of photonics: Structured light” (grant number EP/J01771X/1) and MRC.Organic optoelectronic devices that can be used to make compact, wearable sensors for medicine and sports are shown and two examples are given: a tissue-oxygenation sensor and a muscle-contraction sensor. It is demonstrated how the muscle-contraction sensor on a volunteer's arm can successfully control the robot arm.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
A thermoresponsive and magnetic colloid for 3D cell expansion and reconfiguration

A dual thermoresponsive and magnetic colloidal gel matrix is described for enhanced stem-cell culture. The combined properties of the material allow enzyme-free passaging and expansion of mesenchymal stem cells, as well as isolation of cells postculture by the simple process of lowering the temperature and applying an external magnetic field. The colloidal gel can be reconfigured with thermal and magnetic stimuli to allow patterning of cells in discrete zones and to control movement of cells within the porous matrix during culture
Perpendicular local magnetization under voltage control in Ni films on ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates

High-resolution magnetoelectric imaging is used to demonstrate electrical control of the perpendicular local magnetization associated with 125 nm-wide magnetic stripe domains in 100-nm-thick Ni films. This magnetoelectric coupling is achieved in zero magnetic field using strain from ferroelectric BaTiO3 substrates to control perpendicular anisotropy imposed by the growth stress. These findings may be exploited for perpendicular recording in nanopatterned hybrid media.This work was funded by Isaac Newton Trust grants 10.26(u) and 11.35 (u), UK EPSRC grant EP/G031509/1, a Herchel Smith Fellowship (X.M.), the Spanish MEC Ramón y Cajal programme (X.M.), and the Royal Society (X.M.). The authors thank Luis Hueso and Raffaele Pellicelli for discussions.This is the final published version. It first appeared at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.201404799/abstract
Enhanced Performance in Fluorene-Free Organometal Halide Perovskite Light Emitting Diodes using Tunable, Low Electron-Affinity Oxide Electron-Injectors

Fluorene-free perovskite light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with low turn-on voltages, higher luminance and sharp, color-pure electroluminescenceare obtained by replacing the F8 electron injector with ZnO, which is directly deposited onto the CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite using spatial atmospheric atomic layer deposition. The electron injection barrier can also be reduced by decreasing the ZnO electron affinity through Mg incorporation, leading to lower turn-on voltages.The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trusts, Rutherford Foundation of New Zealand, A*STAR National Science Scholarship, Girton College Cambridge, Gates Cambridge Scholarship, EPSRC (Reference: EP/G060738/1), the ERC Advanced Investigator Grant, Novox, ERC-2009-adG 247276 and Cambridge Display Technology.This is the final version of the article. It was first published by Wiley at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.201405044/abstract
Strongly Bias-Dependent Tunnel Magnetoresistance in Manganite Spin Filter Tunnel Junctions

A highly unconventional bias-dependent tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) response is observed in Sm0.75Sr0.25MnO3-based nanopillar spin filter tunnel junctions (SFTJs) with two different behaviors in two different thickness regimes of the barrier layer. Thinner barrier devices exhibit conventional SFTJ behaviors; however, for larger barrier thicknesses, the TMR-bias dependence is more complex and reverses sign at higher bias.This work was partially supported by the ERC Advanced Integrators Grant “SUPERSPIN”. B.P.
was funded by the Nehru Trust for Cambridge University and St John’s College. The TEM work at
Texas A&M was supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF-DMR 0846504).This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/adma.201405147/abstract
The impact of driving force on electron transfer rates in photovoltaic donor-acceptor blends

This work was funded by Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council of the UK (grants EP/I00243X and EP/J009016) and the European Research Council of the European Union (grant 321305). I.D.W.S. also acknowledges support from a Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award. AJW acknowledges the Scottish Doctoral Training Centre in Condensed Matter Physics for financial support.The effect of acceptor energy level on electron transfer rate in blends of the polymer solar cell material poly[[4,8-bis[(2-ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl][3-fluoro-2-[(2-ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4-b]thiophenediyl]] (PTB7) is studied using time-resolved fluorescence. Fast electron transfer in <2 ps is observed for driving force between 0.2 and 0.6 eV and slower electron transfer outside this range. This dependence is described by Marcus theory with a reorganization energy of ≈0.4 eV.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
A Motion- and Sound-Activated, 3D-Printed, Chalcogenide-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A multilayered triboelectric nanogenerator (MULTENG) that can be actuated by acoustic waves, vibration of a moving car, and tapping motion is built using a 3D-printing technique. The MULTENG can generate an open-circuit voltage of up to 396 V and a short-circuit current of up to 1.62 mA, and can power 38 LEDs. The layers of the triboelectric generator are made of polyetherimide nanopillars and chalcogenide core-shell nanofibers. © 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Epitaxial CrN Thin Films with High Thermoelectric Figure of Merit

A large enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit is reported in single-crystalline films of CrN. The mechanism of the reduction of the lattice thermal conductivity in cubic CrN is similar to the resonant bonding in IV–VI compounds. Therefore, useful ideas from classic thermo­electrics can be applied to tune functionalities in transition metal nitrides and oxides.Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (DE-SC0001299)Solid-State Solar-Thermal Energy Conversion Center (DE-FG02-09ER46577
Responsive Double Network Hydrogels of Interpenetrating DNA and CB[8] Host–Guest Supramolecular Systems

A supramolecular double network hydrogel is presented by physical interpenetration of DNA and cucurbit[8]uril networks. In addition to exhibiting an increase in strength and thermal stability, the double network hydrogel possesses excellent properties such as stretchability, ductility, shear-thinning, and thixotropy. Moreover, it is enzymatically responsive to both nuclease and cellulase, as well as small molecules, showing great potential as a new soft material scaffold.We thank the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program, No. 2013CB932803),
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91427302, 21421064), the NSFCDFG
joint project TRR61 and Beijing Municipal Science & Technology Commission for
financial support. MJR thanks the University of Cambridge PhD Training Programme in
Chemical Biology and Molecular Medicine.This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/wol1/doi/10.1002/adma.201501102/abstract
Carrier-density control of the SrTiO3 (001) surface 2DEG studied by ARPES

This work was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation (200021-146995). P. D. C. K was supported by the UK-EPSRC (EP/I031014/1) and the Royal Society. M. S. B was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.The origin of the 2D electron gas (2DEG)stabilized at the bare surface of SrTiO3 (001) is investigated. Using high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission and core-level spectroscopy, it is shown conclusively that this 2DEG arises from light-induced oxygen vacancies. The dominant mechanism driving vacancy formation is identified, allowing unprecedented control over the 2DEG carrier density.PostprintPeer reviewe
High Quality Monolayer Graphene Synthesized by Resistive Heating Cold Wall Chemical Vapor Deposition

The growth of graphene using resistive-heating cold-wall chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is demonstrated. This technique is 100 times faster and 99% lower cost than standard CVD. A study of Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron micro­scopy, and electrical magneto-transport measurements shows that cold-wall CVD graphene is of comparable quality to natural graphene. Finally, the first transparent flexible graphene capacitive touch-sensor is demonstrated.Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC)Royal Societ
Core-Shell Upconversion Nanoparticle@Metal-Organic Framework Nanoprobes for Luminescent/Magnetic Dual-Mode Targeted Imaging

Core–shell upconversion nanoparticle@metal–organic framework (UCNP@MOF) nanostructures are constructed by coating hexagonal NaYF4:Yb,Er nanoparticle (NP) cores with amino-functionalized iron carboxylate MOF shells. These nanostructures combine the near-infrared optical property of the UCNP cores and the T2-magnetic response (MR) imaging property of the MOF shells. After surface modification, the core–shell nanostructures are demonstrated as high-resolution nanoprobes for targeted luminescence/MR imaging both in vitro and in vivo.Full Tex
Microscopic mechanism of doping-induced kinetically-constrained crystallization in phase-change materials

A comprehensive microscopic mechanism of doping-induced kinetically constrained crystallization in phase-change materials is provided by investigating structural and dynamical dopant characteristics via ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The information gained from this study may provide a basis for a fast screening of dopant species for electronic memory devices, or for understanding the general physics involved in the crystallization of doped glasses.We acknowledge financial support from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (UK).This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.20150229
Low-Dimensional Conduction Mechanisms in Highly-Conductive and Transparent Conjugated Polymers

Electronic conduction in conjugated polymers is of emerging technological interest for high-performance optoelectronic and thermoelectric devices. A completely new aspect and understanding of the conduction mechanism on conducting polymers is introduced, allowing the applicability of materials to be optimized. The charge-transport mechanism is explained by direct experimental evidence with a very well supported theoretical model.Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies (Contract DAAD-19-02D-0002
Charge transport anisotropy in a uniaxially aligned diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymer

Aligned films of a semiconducting DPP-based copolymer exhibit highly anisotropic charge transport with a band-like temperature dependence along the alignment direction and hole mobilities of up to 6.7 cm2 V−1 s−1. X-ray diffraction measurements reveal an exceptional degree of in-plane alignment, high crystallinity, and a dominant face-on orientation of the polymer backbones. The surprising charge-transport properties are interpreted in a tie-chain model consistent with anisotropic activation energies.The authors gratefully acknowledge funding from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) through a program grant (EP/G060738/1). C.R.M. acknowledges support from the Australia Research Council (FT100100275 and DP130102616). This work was performed in part at the SAXS/WAXS[59] and soft X-ray[60] beam lines at the Australian Synchrotron. C.R.M. and E.G. thank Nigel Kirby of the Australian Synchrotron for technical assistance.This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.20150243
Injectable Self-Healing Glucose-Responsive Hydrogels with pH-Regulated Mechanical Properties

Dynamically restructuring pH-responsive hydrogels are synthesized, employing dynamic covalent chemistry between phenylboronic acid and cis-diol modified poly(ethylene glycol) macromonomers. These gels display shear-thinning behavior, followed by a rapid structural recovery (self-healing). Size-dependent in vitro controlled and glucose-responsive release of proteins from the hydrogel network, as well as the biocompatibility of the gels, are evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (Award 2014PG-T1D002)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Ruth L. Kirschstein National Research Service Award F32DK101335)Wellcome Trust-MIT Postdoctoral Fellowshi
Controlling the behavior of single live cells with high density arrays of microscopic OLEDs

This work was supported in part by the Scottish Funding Council (via SUPA) and the Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP). The authors thank Andrew Morton (U St Andrews) for fruitful discussions.Microarrays of OLEDs are used to ­optically control the locomotion of individual cells in real time. Close contact (<2 μm) between OLEDs and the aqueous cell culture medium is facilitated by high-performance thin-film encapsulation. This work paves the way for using OLED light sources to control and study neuronal activity and cell signaling with extreme spatial and temporal resolution.PostprintPeer reviewe
Capillary-Force-Assisted Optical Tuning of Coupled Plasmons

An ultrathin (few nm) polymer spacer layer is softened by local optical heating, and restructured by strong capillary forces which increase the gap between the plasmonic metal components. This results in a continuous blue-shift of the coupled plasmon from near infrared to the visible with a tuning range of >150 nm that can be tightly controlled by adjusting either irradiation time or power.This work was supported by UK EPSRC grants EP/G060649/1, EP/L027151/1, and ERC grant LINASS 320503This is the final version of the article. It first appeared from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.20150329
Surface Structure Modification of ZnO and the Impact on Electronic Properties.

?? 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a widely utilized, versatile material implemented in a diverse range of technological applications, particularly in optoelectronic devices, where its inherent transparency, tunable electronic properties, and accessible nanostructures can be combined to confer superior device properties. ZnO is a complex material with a rich and intricate defect chemistry, and its properties can be extremely sensitive to processing methods and conditions; consequently, surface modification of ZnO using both inorganic and organic species has been explored to control and regulate its surface properties, particularly at heterointerfaces in electronic devices. Here, the properties of ZnO are described in detail, particularly its surface chemistry, along with the role of defects in governing its electronic properties, and methods employed to modulate the behavior of as-grown ZnO. An outline is also given on how the native and modified oxide interact with molecular materials. To illustrate the diverse range of surface modification methods and their subsequent influence on electronic properties, a comprehensive review of the modification of ZnO surfaces at molecular interfaces in hybrid photovoltaic (hPV) and organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices is presented. This is a case study rather than a progress report, aiming to highlight the progress made toward controlling and altering the surface properties of ZnO, and to bring attention to the ways in which this may be achieved by using various interfacial modifiers (IMs). ZnO surfaces are reviewed comprehensively with an emphasis on the role of surface chemistry and intrinsic defects in governing the intrinsic electronic properties. Methods employed to enhance charge transfer and modulate the properties of the ZnO surface are discussed, with particular emphasis on the use of molecular, organic and inorganic interface modifiers
Strategies for inorganic incorporation using neat block copolymer thin films for etch mask function and nanotechnological application

Block copolymers (BCPs) and their directed self-assembly (DSA) has emerged as a realizable complementary tool to aid optical patterning of device elements for future integrated circuit advancements. Methods to enhance BCP etch contrast for DSA application and further potential applications of inorganic nanomaterial features (e.g., semiconductor, dielectric, metal and metal oxide) are examined. Strategies to modify, infiltrate and controllably deposit inorganic materials by utilizing neat self-assembled BCP thin films open a rich design space to fabricate functional features in the nanoscale regime. An understanding and overview on innovative ways for the selective inclusion/infiltration or deposition of inorganic moieties in microphase separated BCP nanopatterns is provided. Early initial inclusion methods in the field and exciting contemporary reports to further augment etch contrast in BCPs for pattern transfer application are described. Specifically, the use of evaporation and sputtering methods, atomic layer deposition, sequential infiltration synthesis, metal-salt inclusion and aqueous metal reduction methodologies forming isolated nanofeatures are highlighted in di-BCP systems. Functionalities and newly reported uses for electronic and non-electronic technologies based on the inherent properties of incorporated inorganic nanostructures using di-BCP templates are highlighted. We outline the potential for extension of incorporation methods to triblock copolymer features for more diverse applications. Challenges and emerging areas of interest for inorganic infiltration of BCPs are also discussed
Self-Assembled Wound Dressings Silence MMP-9 and Improve Diabetic Wound Healing In Vivo

The direct local delivery of short interfering RNA (siRNA) into target tissues presents a real solution to several complex medical conditions that today lack efficacious therapies. The development of an ultrathin polymer coating is described to sustain the delivery of siRNA for up to 2 weeks in vitro and in vivo. This technology successfully reduces the expression of MMP-9 within the wounds of diabetic mice, significantly accelerating the wound healing process and improving the quality of tissue formed
Cucurbit[8]uril-Regulated Nanopatterning of Binary Polymer Brushes via Colloidal Templating

Sub-micrometer/nanoscale patterned polymer brushes are prepared by employing cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) as a supramolecular recognition motif to assemble functional silica colloids onto Au surfaces as a sacrificial nanopatterning template. By employing CB[8]-mediated host–guest interactions at the interface, it is possible to readily generate nanopatterned materials in aqueous media under ambient conditions.This work was supported by the Engineering Physical Science Research Council, grant EP/K028510/1; C.H. thanks BP for financial support and Y.L. is grateful for a CSC Cambridge Scholarship.This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Wiley via http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.20150384
Engineering metallic nanoparticles for enhancing and probing catalytic reactions

Recent developments in tailoring the structural and chemical properties of colloidal metal nanoparticles (NPs) have led to significant enhancements in catalyst performance. Controllable colloidal synthesis has also allowed tailor-made NPs to serve as mechanistic probes for catalytic processes. The innovative use of colloidal NPs to gain fundamental insights into catalytic function will be highlighted across a variety of catalytic and electrocatalytic applications. The engineering of future heterogenous catalysts is also moving beyond size, shape and composition considerations. Advancements in understanding structure-property relationships have enabled incorporation of complex features such as tuning surface strain to influence the behavior of catalytic NPs. Exploiting plasmonic properties and altering colloidal surface chemistry through functionalization are also emerging as important areas for rational design of catalytic NPs. This news article will highlight the key developments and challenges to the future design of catalytic NPs
Color-coded batteries – electro-photonic inverse opal materials for enhanced electrochemical energy storage and optically encoded diagnostics

For consumer electronic devices, long-life, stable, and reasonably fast charging Li-ion batteries with good stable capacities are a necessity. For exciting and important advances in the materials that drive innovations in electrochemical energy storage (EES), modular thin-film solar cells, and wearable, flexible technology of the future, real-time analysis and indication of battery performance and health is crucial. Here, developments in color-coded assessment of battery material performance and diagnostics are described, and a vision for using electro-photonic inverse opal materials and all-optical probes to assess, characterize, and monitor the processes non-destructively in real time are outlined. By structuring any cathode or anode material in the form of a photonic crystal or as a 3D macroporous inverse opal, color-coded “chameleon” battery-strip electrodes may provide an amenable way to distinguish the type of process, the voltage, material and chemical phase changes, remaining capacity, cycle health, and state of charge or discharge of either existing or new materials in Li-ion or emerging alternative battery types, simply by monitoring its color change
Photovoltaic Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells with Different Grain Sizes.

ペロブスカイト太陽電池の不安定性を改善、理論限界への設計指針を発見 -新型太陽電池のポテンシャルを見極める-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2015-12-08.Article first published online: 7 DEC 2015Perovskite solar cells exhibit improved photovoltaic parameters with increasing perovskite grain size. The larger photocurrent is due to the enhanced absorption efficiency for thicker perovskite layers. The larger open-circuit voltage (VOC ) is ascribed to the reduced trap-assisted recombination for the larger grains. As a result, the power conversion efficiency exceeds 19% at best. Further improvement in VOC would be possible if the trap density were reduced
A Low Reabsorbing Luminescent Solar Concentrator Employing π-Conjugated Polymers

A highly efficient thin-film luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) utilizing two π-conjugated polymers as antennae for small amounts of the valued perylene bisimide Lumogen F Red 305 is presented. The LSC exhibits high photoluminescence quantum yield, low reabsorption, and relatively low refractive indices for waveguide matching. A Monte Carlo simulation predicts the LSC to possess exceptionally high optical efficiencies on large scales.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant No. 1122374))Eni S.p.A. (Firm) (Eni-MIT Solar Frontiers Alliance