pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
The γ * γ * total cross section in next-to-leading order BFKL and LEP2 data

We study the total cross section for the collision of two highly-virtual photons at large energies, taking into account the BFKL resummation of energy logarithms with full next-to-leading accuracy. A necessary ingredient of the calculation, the next-to-leading order impact factor for the photon to photon transition, has been calculated by Balitsky and Chirilli using an approach based on the operator expansion in Wilson lines. We extracted the result for the photon impact factor in the original BFKL calculation scheme comparing the expression for the photon-photon total cross section obtained in BFKL with the one recently derived by Chirilli and Kovchegov in the Wilson-line operator expansion scheme
Pileup Per Particle Identification

We propose a new method for pileup mitigation by implementing "pileup per
particle identification" (PUPPI). For each particle we first define a local
shape $\alpha$ which probes the collinear versus soft diffuse structure in the
neighborhood of the particle. The former is indicative of particles originating
from the hard scatter and the latter of particles originating from pileup
interactions. The distribution of $\alpha$ for charged pileup, assumed as a
proxy for all pileup, is used on an event-by-event basis to calculate a weight
for each particle. The weights describe the degree to which particles are
pileup-like and are used to rescale their four-momenta, superseding the need
for jet-based corrections. Furthermore, the algorithm flexibly allows
combination with other, possibly experimental, probabilistic information
associated with particles such as vertexing and timing performance. We
demonstrate the algorithm improves over existing methods by looking at jet
$p_T$ and jet mass. We also find an improvement on non-jet quantities like
missing transverse energy.Comment: v2 - 23 pages, 10 figures; update to JHEP version, minor revisions
  throughout, results unchange
First observations of the rare decays B+−>K+π+π−μ+μ− and B+−>φK+μ+μ−

First observations of the rare decays $B^+\rightarrow K^+\pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-$ and $B^+\rightarrow \phi K^+\mu^+\mu^-$ are presented using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $3.0\,{fb}^{-1}$, collected by the LHCb experiment at centre-of-mass energies of $7$ and $8\mathrm{\,TeV}$. The branching fractions of the decays are \begin{eqnarray*} \mathcal{B}(B^+\rightarrow K^+\pi^+\pi^-\mu^+\mu^-) &amp;=&amp;\ud
(4.36\,^{+0.29}_{-0.27}\,\mathrm{(stat)}\pm 0.21\,\mathrm{(syst)}\pm0.18\,\mathrm{(norm)})\times10^{-7},\\\ud
\mathcal{B}(B^+\rightarrow\phi K^+\mu^+\mu^-) &amp;=&amp; (0.82\,^{+0.19}_{-0.17}\,\mathrm{(stat)} ,^{+0.10}_{-0.04}\,\mathrm{(syst)}\pm0.27\,\mathrm{(norm)})\times10^{-7},\end{eqnarray*} where the uncertainties are statistical, systematic, and due to the uncertainty on the branching fractions of the normalisation modes. A measurement of the differential branching fraction in bins of the invariant mass squared of the dimuon system is also presented for the decay $B^+\rightarrow K^+\pi^+\pi^-\mu^{+}\mu^{-}
Bootstrapping an NMHV amplitude through three loops

We extend the hexagon function bootstrap to the
next-to-maximally-helicity-violating (NMHV) configuration for six-point
scattering in planar ${\cal N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills theory at three loops.
Constraints from the $\bar{Q}$ differential equation, from the operator product
expansion (OPE) for Wilson loops with operator insertions, and from multi-Regge
factorization, lead to a unique answer for the three-loop ratio function. The
three-loop result also predicts additional terms in the OPE expansion, as well
as the behavior of NMHV amplitudes in the multi-Regge limit at one higher
logarithmic accuracy (NNLL) than was used as input. Both predictions are in
agreement with recent results from the flux-tube approach. We also study the
multi-particle factorization of multi-loop amplitudes for the first time. We
find that the function controlling this factorization is purely logarithmic
through three loops. We show that a function $U$, which is closely related to
the parity-even part of the ratio function $V$, is remarkably simple; only five
of the nine possible final entries in its symbol are non-vanishing. We study
the analytic and numerical behavior of both the parity-even and parity-odd
parts of the ratio function on simple lines traversing the space of cross
ratios $(u,v,w)$, as well as on a few two-dimensional planes. Finally, we
present an empirical formula for $V$ in terms of elements of the coproduct of
the six-gluon MHV remainder function $R_6$ at one higher loop, which works
through three loops for $V$ (four loops for $R_6$).Comment: 69 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, 3 ancillary files; v2, minor typo's
  correcte
Heptagon Amplitude in the Multi-Regge Regime

As we have shown in previous work, the high energy limit of scattering
amplitudes in N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory corresponds to the infrared
limit of the 1-dimensional quantum integrable system that solves minimal area
problems in AdS5. This insight can be developed into a systematic algorithm to
compute the strong coupling limit of amplitudes in the multi-Regge regime
through the solution of auxiliary Bethe Ansatz equations. We apply this
procedure to compute the scattering amplitude for n=7 external gluons in
different multi-Regge regions at infinite 't Hooft coupling. Our formulas are
remarkably consistent with the expected form of 7-gluon Regge cut contributions
in perturbative gauge theory. A full description of the general algorithm and a
derivation of results will be given in a forthcoming paper.Comment: 14 page
Charged particles in higher dimensional homogeneous gravitational field:
  Self-energy and self-force

A problem of self-energy and self-force for a charged point-like particle in
a higher dimensional homogeneous gravitational field is considered. We study
two cases, when a particle has usual electric charge and a case when it has a
scalar charge, which is a source of a scalar massless minimally coupled field.
We assume that a particle is at rest in the gravitational field, so that its
motion is not geodesic and it has an acceleration a directed from the horizon.
The self-energy of a point charge is divergent and the strength of the
divergence grows with the number of dimensions. In order to obtain a finite
contribution to the self- energy we use a covariant regularization method which
is a modification of the proper time cut-off and other covariant
regularizations. We analyze a relation between the self-energy and self-force
and obtain explicit expressions for the self-forces for the electric and scalar
charge in the spacetimes with the number of dimensions up to eight. General
expressions for the case of higher dimensions are also obtained. We discuss
special logarithmic factors ln(a), which are present both in the self-energy
and self-force in odd dimensions. Finally, we compare the obtained results with
the earlier known results both for the homogeneous gravitational field and for
particles near black holes.Comment: 43 pages, two subsections added, a few tables and references adde
O(d,d)-Duality in String Theory

A new method for obtaining dual string theory backgrounds is presented.
Preservation of the Hamiltonian density and the energy momentum tensor induced
by O(d,d)-transformations leads to a relation between dual sets of coordinate
one-forms accompanied by a redefinition of the background fields and a shift of
the dilaton. The necessity of isometric directions arises as integrability
condition for this map. The isometry algebra is studied in detail using
generalised geometry. In particular, non-abelian dualities and
beta-transformations are contained in this approach. The latter are exemplified
by the construction of a new approximate non-geometric background.Comment: 19+5 pages; v2: minor corrections and references added; v3: comments
  and references adde
String Perturbation Theory Around Dynamically Shifted Vacuum

In some string theories, e.g. SO(32) heterotic string theory on Calabi-Yau
manifolds, a massless field with a tree level potential can acquire a tachyonic
mass at the one loop level, forcing us to quantize the theory around a new
background that is not a solution to the classical equations of motion and
hence is not described by a conformally invariant world-sheet theory. We
describe a systematic procedure for carrying out string perturbation theory
around such backgrounds.Comment: LaTeX file, 24 pages; v2: reference adde
α s v 2 corrections to η c and χ cJ production recoiled with a photon at e + e − colliders

We consider the production of η c and χ cJ states recoiled with a photon up-to O α s v 2 $$ \mathcal{O}\left({\alpha}_s{v}^2\right) $$ at BESIII and B-factories within the frame of NRQCD factorization. With the corrections, we revisit the numerical calculations to the cross sections for η c ( nS ) and χ cJ ( mP ) states. We argue that the search for XY Z states with even charge conjugation such as X (3872) X (3940) X (4160), and X (4350) recoiled with a photon at BESIII may help clarify the nature of these states. For completeness, the production of charmonium with even charge conjugation recoiled with a photon at B factories is also discussed
Flavored dark matter beyond Minimal Flavor Violation

We study the interplay of flavor and dark matter phenomenology for models of
flavored dark matter interacting with quarks. We allow an arbitrary flavor
structure in the coupling of dark matter with quarks. This coupling is assumed
to be the only new source of violation of the Standard Model flavor symmetry
extended by a $U(3)_\chi$ associated with the dark matter. We call this ansatz
Dark Minimal Flavor Violation (DMFV) and highlight its various implications,
including an unbroken discrete symmetry that can stabilize the dark matter. As
an illustration we study a Dirac fermionic dark matter $\chi$ which transforms
as triplet under $U(3)_\chi$, and is a singlet under the Standard Model. The
dark matter couples to right-handed down-type quarks via a colored scalar
mediator $\phi$ with a coupling $\lambda$. We identify a number of
"flavor-safe" scenarios for the structure of $\lambda$ which are beyond Minimal
Flavor Violation. For dark matter and collider phenomenology we focus on the
well-motivated case of $b$-flavored dark matter. The combined flavor and dark
matter constraints on the parameter space of $\lambda$ turn out to be
interesting intersections of the individual ones. LHC constraints on simplified
models of squarks and sbottoms can be adapted to our case, and monojet searches
can be relevant if the spectrum is compressed.Comment: 40 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables. Clarifying comments and some
  references added, matches published versio
Quarkonium suppression in heavy-ion collisions from coherent energy loss
  in cold nuclear matter

The effect of parton energy loss in cold nuclear matter on the suppression of
quarkonia (J/psi, Upsilon) in heavy-ion collisions is investigated, by
extrapolating a model based on coherent radiative energy loss recently shown to
describe successfully J/psi and Upsilon suppression in proton-nucleus
collisions. Model predictions in heavy-ion collisions at RHIC (Au-Au, Cu-Cu,
and Cu-Au) and LHC (Pb-Pb) show a sizable suppression arising from the sole
effect of energy loss in cold matter. This effect should thus be considered in
order to get a reliable baseline for cold nuclear matter effects in quarkonium
suppression in heavy-ion collisions, in view of disentangling hot from cold
nuclear effects.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figure
First order flow for non-extremal AdS black holes and mass from
  holographic renormalization

In this paper we present a first order formulation for non-extremal Anti-de
Sitter black hole solutions in four dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ U(1)-gauged
Supergravity. The dynamics is determined in terms of a quantity $\mathcal{W}$
which plays the role of a superpotential for the gauging potential in the
action. We show how the first order flow arises from writing the action as a
sum of squares and we identify the superpotential driving the first order flow
for two classes of solutions (electric and magnetic) of the $t^3$ model. After
identifying $\mathcal{W}$, we study the Hamilton-Jacobi holographic
renormalization procedure in presence of mixed boundary conditions for the
scalar fields. We compute the renormalized on-shell action and the mass of the
black hole configurations. The expression obtained for the mass satisfies the
first law of thermodynamics.Comment: 36 pages, v3: renormalized free energy expression corrected,
  comparison of the on-shell action between electric and magnetic solution
  adde
Minimal surfaces and entanglement entropy in anti-de Sitter space

According to Ryu and Takayanagi, the entanglement entropy in conformal field
theory (CFT) is related through the AdS/CFT correspondence to the area of a
minimal surface in the bulk. We study this holographic geometrical method of
calculating the entanglement entropy in the vacuum case of a CFT which is
holographically dual to empty anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. Namely, we
investigate the minimal surfaces spanned on boundaries of spherical domains at
infinity of hyperbolic space, which represents a time-slice of AdS spacetime.
We consider a generic position of two spherical domains: two disjoint domains,
overlapping domains, and touching domains. In all these cases we find the
explicit expressions for the minimal surfaces and the renormalized expression
for the area. We study also the embedding of the minimal surfaces into full AdS
spacetime and we find that for a proper choice of the static Killing vector we
can model a dynamical situation of "tearing" of the minimal surface when the
domains on which it is spanned are moved away from each other.Comment: 36 pages, 21 figures, for version with high-resolution figures see
  http://utf.mff.cuni.cz/~krtous/papers
On Classification of Geometries with SO(2,2) Symmetry

Motivated by the Extremal Vanishing Horizon (EVH) black holes, their near
horizon geometry and the EVH/CFT proposal, we construct and classify solutions
with (local) SO(2,2) symmetry to four and five dimensional
Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton (EMD) theory with positive, zero or negative
cosmological constant Lambda, the EMD-$\Lambda$ theory, and also $U(1)^4$
gauged supergravity in four dimensions and $U(1)^3$ gauged supergravity in five
dimensions. In four dimensions the geometries are warped product of AdS3 with
an interval or a circle. In five dimensions the geometries are of the form of
warped product of AdS3 and a 2d surface $\Sigma_2$. For the
Einsten-Maxwell-$\Lambda$ theory we prove that $\Sigma_2$ should have a U(1)
isometry, a rigidity theorem in this class of solutions. We also construct all
d dimensional Einstein vacuum solutions with $SO(2,2) \times U(1)^{d-4}$ or
$SO(2,2) \times SO(d-3)$ isometry.Comment: 26 pages, updated to published versio
Black hole non-uniqueness via spacetime topology in five dimensions

The domain of outer communication of five-dimensional asymptotically flat
stationary spacetimes may possess non-trivial 2-cycles. We discuss how this may
lead to a gross violation of black hole uniqueness, beyond the existence of
black rings, even for solutions with two commuting rotational symmetries. We
illustrate this with a simple example in minimal supergravity; a four parameter
family of supersymmetric black hole solutions, with spherical horizon topology
and a 2-cycle in the exterior. We show there are black holes in this family
with identical conserved changes to the BMPV black hole, thereby demonstrating
black hole non-uniqueness in this context. We find a decoupling limit of this
family of black holes that yields spacetimes asymptotic to the near-horizon
geometry of a BMPV black hole which contain a black hole and an exterior
2-cycle.Comment: 24 pages. v2: minor additions, published version. v3: corrected
  physical quantities, results unaffected, differs from published versio
Improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 with the Double Chooz detector

The Double Chooz experiment presents improved measurements of the neutrino mixing angle θ 13 using the data collected in 467.90 live days from a detector positioned at an average distance of 1050 m from two reactor cores at the Chooz nuclear power plant. Several novel techniques have been developed to achieve significant reductions of the backgrounds and systematic uncertainties with respect to previous publications, whereas the efficiency of the ν ¯ e $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$ signal has increased. The value of θ 13 is measured to be sin 2  2 θ 13  = 0.090 − 0.029 + 0.032 from a fit to the observed energy spectrum. Deviations from the reactor ν ¯ e $$ {\overline{\nu}}_e $$ prediction observed above a prompt signal energy of 4 MeV and possible explanations are also reported. A consistent value of θ 13 is obtained from a fit to the observed rate as a function of the reactor power independently of the spectrum shape and background estimation, demonstrating the robustness of the θ 13 measurement despite the observed distortion
Measurement of the $\chi_b(3P)$ mass and of the relative rate of $\chi_{b1}(1P)$ and $\chi_{b2}(1P)$ production

The production of $\chi_b$ mesons in proton-proton collisions is studied using a data sample collected by the LHCb detector, at centre-of-mass energies of $\sqrt{s}=7$ and $8$ TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb$^{-1}$. The $\chi_b$ mesons are identified through their decays to $\Upsilon(1S)\gamma$ and $\Upsilon(2S)\gamma$ using photons that converted to $e^+e^-$ pairs in the detector. The relative prompt production rate of $\chi_{b1}(1P)$ and $\chi_{b2}(1P)$ mesons is measured as a function of the $\Upsilon(1S)$ transverse momentum in the $\chi_b$ rapidity range $2.0<y<4.5$. A precise measurement of the $\chi_b(3P)$ mass is also performed. Assuming a mass splitting between the $\chi_{b1}(3P)$ and the $\chi_{b2}(3P)$ states of 10.5 MeV/$c^2$, the measured mass of the $\chi_{b1}(3P)$ meson is $ m(\chi_{b1}(3P))= 10515.7^{+2.2}_{-3.9}(stat) ^{+1.5}_{-2.1}(syst) MeV/c^2.
Self-dual Continuous Series of Representations for U_q(sl(2)) and
  U_q(osp(1|2))

We determine the Clebsch-Gordan and Racah-Wigner coefficients for continuous
series of representations of the quantum deformed algebras U_q(sl(2)) and
U_q(osp(1|2)). While our results for the former algebra reproduce formulas by
Ponsot and Teschner, the expressions for the orthosymplectic algebra are new.
Up to some normalization factors, the associated Racah-Wigner coefficients are
shown to agree with the fusing matrix in the Neveu-Schwarz sector of N=1
supersymmetric Liouville field theory.Comment: 36 page
Measurement of the CKM angle γ using B ± → DK ± with D → K S 0 π + π −, K S 0 K + K − decays

A binned Dalitz plot analysis of $B^\pm \to D K^\pm$ decays, with $D \to K_S \pi^+\pi^-$ and $D \to K_S K^+ K^-$, is performed to measure the \CP-violating observables $x_{\pm}$ and $y_{\pm}$, which are sensitive to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle $\gamma$. The analysis exploits a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to 3.0\invfb collected by the LHCb experiment. Measurements from CLEO-c of the variation of the strong-interaction phase of the $D$ decay over the Dalitz plot are used as inputs. The values of the parameters are found to be $x_+ = (-7.7 \pm 2.4 \pm 1.0 \pm 0.4)\times 10^{-2}$, $x_- = (2.5 \pm 2.5 \pm 1.0 \pm 0.5) \times 10^{-2}$, $y_+ = (-2.2 \pm 2.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.0)\times 10^{-2}$, and $y_- = (7.5 \pm 2.9 \pm 0.5 \pm 1.4) \times 10^{-2}$. The first, second, and third uncertainties are the statistical, the experimental systematic, and that associated with the precision of the strong-phase parameters. These are the most precise measurements of these observables and correspond to $\gamma = (62^{\,+15}_{\,-14})^\circ$, with a second solution at $\gamma \to \gamma + 180^\circ$, and $r_B = 0.080^{+ 0.019}_{-0.021}$, where $r_B$ is the ratio between the suppressed and favoured $B$ decay amplitudes
Naturalness, b → sγ , and SUSY heavy Higgses

We explore naturalness constraints on the masses of the heavy Higgs bosons H 0 , H ± , and A 0 in supersymmetric theories. We show that, in any extension of MSSM which accommodates the 125 GeV Higgs at the tree level, one can derive an upper bound on the SUSY Higgs masses from naturalness considerations. As is well-known for the MSSM, these bounds become weak at large tan β . However, we show that measurements of b → s γ together with naturalness arguments lead to an upper bound on tan β , strengthening the naturalness case for heavy Higgs states near the TeV scale. The precise bound depends somewhat on the SUSY mediation scale: allowing a factor of 10 tuning in the stop sector, the measured rate of b → sγ implies tan β ≲ 30 for running down from 10 TeV but tan β ≲ 4 for mediation at or above 100 TeV, placing m A near the TeV scale for natural EWSB. Because the signatures of heavy Higgs bosons at colliders are less susceptible to being “hidden” than standard superpartner signatures, there is a strong motivation to make heavy Higgs searches a key part of the LHC’s search for naturalness. In an appendix we comment on how the Goldstone boson equivalence theorem links the rates for H → hh and H → ZZ signatures
2PI resummation in 3D SU( N ) Higgs theory

We test the utility of the 2PI formalism for solving nonperturbative dynamics of gauge theories by applying it to study the phase diagram of SU( N ) Higgs theory in 3 Euclidean spacetime dimensions. Solutions reveal standard signatures of a first order phase transition with a critical endpoint leading to a crossover regime, in qualitative agreement with lattice studies. The location of the critical endpoint, x ∼0 . 14 for SU(2) with a fundamental Higgs, is in rough but not tight quantitative agreement with the lattice. We end by commenting on the overall effectiveness and limitations of a 2PI (or in general n PI) effective action based study. In particular, we have been unable to find a 2PI gauge-fixing procedure which can simultaneously display the right phase structure and correctly handle the large-VEV Higgs region. We explain why doing so appears to be a serious challenge
Boundaries and Defects of N=4 SYM with 4 Supercharges, Part I:
  Boundary/Junction Conditions

We consider ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric Yang Mills theory on a space with
supersymmetry preserving boundary conditions. The boundaries preserving half of
the 16 supercharges were analyzed and classified in an earlier work by Gaiotto
and Witten. We extend that analysis to the case with fewer supersymmetries,
concentrating mainly on the case preserving one quarter. We develop tools
necessary to explicitly construct boundary conditions which can be viewed as
taking the zero slope limit of a system of D3 branes intersecting and ending on
a collection of NS5 and D5 branes oriented to preserve the appropriate number
of supersymmetries. We analyze how these boundary conditions constrain the bulk
degrees of freedom and enumerate the unconstrained degrees of freedom from the
boundary/defect field theory point of view. The key ingredients used in the
analysis are a generalized version of Nahm's equations and the explicit
boundary/interface conditions for the NS5-like and D5-like impurities and
boundaries, which we construct and describe in detail. Some bulk degrees of
freedom suggested by the naive brane diagram considerations are lifted.Comment: 75 pages, 21 figure