pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Investigating the genetic load of an emblematic invasive species: the case of the invasive harlequin ladybird Harmonia axyridis

Introduction events can lead to admixture between genetically differentiated populations and bottlenecks in population size. These processes can alter the adaptive potential of invasive species by shaping genetic variation, but more importantly, they can also directly affect mean population fitness either increasing it or decreasing it. Which outcome is observed depends on the structure of the genetic load of the species. The ladybird Harmonia axyridis is a good example of invasive species where introduced populations have gone through admixture and bottleneck events. We used laboratory experiments to manipulate the relatedness among H. axyridis parental individuals to assess the possibility for heterosis or outbreeding depression in F1 generation offspring for two traits related to fitness (lifetime performance and generation time). We found that inter-populations crosses had no major impact on the lifetime performance of the offspring produced by individuals from either native or invasive populations. Significant outbreeding depression was observed only for crosses between native populations for generation time. The absence of observed heterosis is indicative of a low occurrence of fixed deleterious mutations within both the native and invasive populations of H. axyridis. The observed deterioration of fitness in native inter-population crosses most likely results from genetic incompatibilities between native genomic backgrounds. We discuss the implications of these results for the structure of genetic load in H. axyridis in the light of the available information regarding the introduction history of this species
Extended phase field higher-order active contour models for networks

International audienceThis paper addresses the segmentation from an image of entities that have the form of a `network', \ie the region in the image corresponding to the entity is composed of branches joining together at junctions, \eg road or vascular networks. We present new phase field higher-order active contour (HOAC) prior models for network regions, and apply them to the segmentation of road networks from very high resolution satellite images. This is a hard problem for two reasons. First, the images are complex, with much `noise' in the road region due to cars, road markings, etc., while the background is very varied, containing many features that are locally similar to roads. Second, network regions are complex to model, because they may have arbitrary topology. In particular, we address a limitation of a previous model in which network branch width was constrained to be similar to maximum network branch radius of curvature, thereby providing a poor model of networks with straight narrow branches or highly curved, wide branches. We solve this problem by introducing first an additional nonlinear nonlocal HOAC term, and then an additional linear nonlocal HOAC term to improve the computational speed. Both terms allow separate control of branch width and branch curvature, and furnish better prolongation for the same width, but the linear term has several advantages: it is more efficient, and it is able to model multiple widths simultaneously. To cope with the difficulty of parameter selection for these models, we perform a stability analysis of a long bar with a given width, and hence show how to choose the parameters of the energy functions. After adding a likelihood energy, we use both models to extract the road network quasi-automatically from pieces of a QuickBird image, and compare the results to other models in the literature. The state-of-the-art results obtained demonstrate the superiority of our new models, the importance of strong prior knowledge in general, and of the new terms in particular
Features modeling with an α-stable distribution: Application to pattern recognition based on continuous belief functions

International audienceThe aim of this paper is to show the interest in fitting features with an α-stable distribution to classify imperfect data. The supervised pattern recognition is thus based on the theory of continuous belief functions, which is a way to consider imprecision and uncertainty of data. The distributions of features are supposed to be unimodal and estimated by a single Gaussian and α-stable model. Experimental results are first obtained from synthetic data by combining two features of one dimension and by considering a vector of two features. Mass functions are calculated from plausibility functions by using the generalized Bayes theorem. The same study is applied to the automatic classification of three types of sea floor (rock, silt and sand) with features acquired by a mono-beam echo-sounder. We evaluate the quality of the α-stable model and the Gaussian model by analyzing qualitative results, using a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (K-S test), and quantitative results with classification rates. The performances of the belief classifier are compared with a Bayesian approach
Review on exact and perturbative deformations of the Einstein-Straus model : uniqueness and rigidity results

The Einstein-Straus model consists of a Schwarzschild spherical vacuole in a
Friedman-Lema^ tre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) dust spacetime (with or without  ).
It constitutes the most widely accepted model to answer the question of the in
uence
of large scale (cosmological) dynamics on local systems. The conclusion drawn by
the model is that there is no in
uence from the cosmic background, since the spher-
ical vacuole is static. Spherical generalizations to other interior matter models are
commonly used in the construction of lumpy inhomogeneous cosmological models.
On the other hand, the model has proven to be reluctant to admit non-spherical
generalizations. In this review, we summarize the known uniqueness results for
this model. These seem to indicate that the only reasonable and realistic non-
spherical deformations of the Einstein-Straus model require perturbing the FLRW
background. We review results about linear perturbations of the Einstein-Straus
model, where the perturbations in the vacuole are assumed to be stationary and
axially symmetric so as to describe regions (voids in particular) in which the matter
has reached an equilibrium regime.M.M. acknowledges financial support under the projects FIS2012-30926 (MICINN) and P09-FQM-4496 (J. Andalucia-FEDER). F. M. thanks the warm hospitality from Instituto de Fisica, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, projects PTDC/MAT/108921/2008 and CERN/FP/123609/2011 from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), as well as CMAT, Univ. Minho, for support through FEDER funds Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade (COMPETE) and Portuguese Funds from FCT within the project PEst-C/MAT/UI0013/2011. R. V. thanks the kind hospitality from the Universidad de Salamanca, where parts of this work have been produced, and financial support from project IT592-13 of the Basque Government, and FIS2010-15492 from the MICINN
Measurement of the electroweak production of dijets in association with a Z-boson and distributions sensitive to vector boson fusion in proton-proton collisions at s√= 8 TeV using the ATLAS detector

Measurements of fiducial cross sections for the electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z-boson are presented. The measurements are performed using 20.3 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data collected at a centre-of-mass energy of s√ = 8 TeV by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The electroweak component is extracted by a fit to the dijet invariant mass distribution in a fiducial region chosen to enhance the electroweak contribution over the dominant background in which the jets are produced via the strong interaction. The electroweak cross sections measured in two fiducial regions are in good agreement with the Standard Model expectations and the background-only hypothesis is rejected with significance above the 5σ level. The electroweak process includes the vector boson fusion production of a Z-boson and the data are used to place limits on anomalous triple gauge boson couplings. In addition, measurements of cross sections and differential distributions for inclusive Z-boson-plus-dijet production are performed in five fiducial regions, each with different sensitivity to the electroweak contribution. The results are corrected for detector effects and compared to predictions from the Sherpa and Powheg event generators.We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET, ERC and NSRF, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNSF, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT and NSRF, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; BRF and RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America
Fracture mechanics analysis of heterogeneous welds : validation of a weld homogenisation approach

Flaw assessments assume homogeneous material properties, but welds are heterogeneous. The authors have developed a method to address heterogeneity in the estimation of crack driving force. This paper presents a numerical validation of the proposed approach. Weld heterogeneity is characterized in three pipeline girth welds by means of hardness mapping. The resulting distributions are input into a finite element model of a clamped SE(T) specimen. Following, crack tip opening displacement responses of heterogeneous welds are compared with predictions. The approach is found to strongly simplify analyses involving heterogeneous welds while maintaining an acceptable level of accuracy with respect to load
The Herschel Virgo Cluster survey, VI : the far-infrared view of M87

The origin of the far-infrared emission from the nearby radio galaxy M87 remains a matter of debate. Some studies find evidence of a far-infrared excess due to thermal dust emission, whereas others propose that the far-infrared emission can be explained by synchrotron emission without the need for an additional dust emission component. We present Herschel PACS and SPIRE observations of M87, taken as part of the science demonstration phase observations of the Herschel Virgo Cluster Survey. We compare these data with a synchrotron model based on mid-infrared, far-infrared, submm and radio data from the literature to investigate the origin of the far-infrared emission. Both the integrated SED and the Herschel surface brightness maps are adequately explained by synchrotron emission. At odds with previous claims, we find no evidence of a diffuse dust component in M87, which is not unexpected in the harsh X-ray environment of this radio galaxy sitting at the core of the Virgo cluster
Measurement of the charge asymmetry in highly boosted top-quark pair production in √s=8 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment

In the pp →t¯tprocess the angular distributions of top and anti-top quarks are expected to present a subtle difference, which could be enhanced by processes not included in the Standard Model. This Letter presents a measurement of the charge asymmetry in events where the top-quark pair is produced with a large invariant mass. The analysis is performed on 20.3fb−1of ppcollision data at √s=8 TeVcollected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC, using reconstruction techniques specifically designed for the decay topology of highly boosted top quarks. The charge asymmetry in a fiducial region with large invariant mass of the top-quark pair (mt¯t>0.75TeV) and an absolute rapidity difference of the top and anti-top quark candidates within −2 <|yt| −|y¯t| <2is measured to be 4.2 ±3.2%, in agreement with the Standard Model prediction at next-to-leading order. A differential measurement in three t¯tmass bins is also presented
Attribute grammar evolution

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11499305_19Proceedings of First International Work-Conference on the Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, IWINAC 2005, Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain, June 15-18, 2005This paper describes Attribute Grammar Evolution (AGE), a new Automatic Evolutionary Programming algorithm that extends standard Grammar Evolution (GE) by replacing context-free grammars by attribute grammars. GE only takes into account syntactic restrictions to generate valid individuals. AGE adds semantics to ensure that both semantically and syntactically valid individuals are generated. Attribute grammars make it possible to semantically describe the solution. The paper shows empirically that AGE is as good as GE for a classical problem, and proves that including semantics in the grammar can improve GE performance. An important conclusion is that adding too much semantics
 can make the search difficult
Regularized characteristic boundary conditions for the Lattice-Boltzmann
  methods at high Reynolds number flows

This paper reports the investigations done to adapt the Characteristic
Boundary Conditions (CBC) to the Lattice-Boltzmann formalism for high Reynolds
number applications. Three CBC formalisms are implemented and tested in an open
source LBM code: the baseline local one-dimension inviscid (BL-LODI) approach,
its extension including the effects of the transverse terms (CBC-2D) and a
local streamline approach in which the problem is reformulated in the incident
wave framework (LS-LODI). Then all implementations of the CBC methods are
tested for a variety of test cases, ranging from canonical problems (such as 2D
plane and spherical waves and 2D vortices) to a 2D NACA profile at high
Reynolds number ($Re = 10^5$), representative of aeronautic applications. The
LS-LODI approach provides the best results for pure acoustics waves (plane and
spherical waves). However, it is not well suited to the outflow of a convected
vortex for which the CBC-2D associated with a relaxation on density and
transverse waves provides the best results. As regards numerical stability, a
regularized adaptation is necessary to simulate high Reynolds number flows. The
so-called regularized FD (Finite Difference) adaptation, a modified regularized
approach where the off-equilibrium part of the stress tensor is computed thanks
to a finite difference scheme, is the only tested adaptation that can handle
the high Reynolds computation.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figure
Search for light top squark pair production in final states with leptons and b-jets with the ATLAS detector in √s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMThe results of a search for pair production of light top squarks are presented, using 4.7 fb-1of √s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. This search targets top squarks with masses similar to, or lighter than, the top quark mass. Final states containing exclusively one or two leptons (e, μ), large missing transverse momentum, light-flavour jets and b-jets are used to reconstruct the top squark pair system. Event-based mass scale variables are used to separate the signal from a large tt- background. No excess over the Standard Model expectations is found. The results are interpreted in the framework of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, assuming the top squark decays exclusively to a chargino and a b-quark, while requiring different mass relationships between the Supersymmetric particles in the decay chain. Light top squarks with masses between 123-167 GeV are excluded for neutralino masses around 55 GeVWe thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF, DNSRC and Lundbeck Foundation, Denmark; EPLANET and ERC, European Union; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DSM/IRFU, France; GNAS, Georgia; BMBF, DFG, HGF, MPG and AvH Foundation, Germany; GSRT, Greece; ISF, MINERVA, GIF, DIP and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; FOM and NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW, Poland; GRICES and FCT, Portugal; MERYS (MECTS), Romania; MES of Russia and ROSATOM, Russian Federation; JINR; MSTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MVZT, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MICINN, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SER, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; NSC, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, the Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States. The crucial computing support from all WLCG partners is acknowledged gratefully, in particular from CERN and the ATLAS Tier-1 facilities at TRIUMF (Canada), NDGF (Denmark, Norway, Sweden), CC-IN2P3 (France), KIT/GridKA (Germany), INFN-CNAF (Italy), NL-T1 (Netherlands), PIC (Spain), ASGC (Taiwan), RAL (UK) and BNL (USA) and in the Tier-2 facilities worldwid
How do supply chain management and information systems practices influence operational performance? Evidence from emerging country SMEs

© 2015 Taylor & Francis. This study first provides a comparative analysis of the impact of supply chain management (SCM) and information systems (IS) practices on operational performance (OPER) of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in two neighbouring emerging country markets of Turkey and Bulgaria. Then, we investigate moderating effects of both SCM–IS-linked enablers and inhibitors on the links between SCM and IS practices and OPER of SMEs. To this end, we first empirically identify the underlying dimensions of SCM and IS practices, and SCM–IS-related enabling and inhibiting factors. Second, a series of regression analyses are undertaken to estimate the impact of the study's constructs on OPER of SMEs. The results are discussed comparatively within the contexts of both Turkish and Bulgarian SMEs and beyond. The study makes a significant contribution to the extant literature through obtaining and analysing cross-national survey data of SCM and IS practices in emerging country markets
Molecular and epigenetic control of CNS tumour and progenitor cells

Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, CNS tumours continue to result in high mortality and morbidity. Glioblastoma mutliforme (GBM), the most common primary brain tumour, is a recurrent tumour that despite advances in treatment, continues to demonstrate a median time of survival of 14.6 months. While GBM has a higher incidence in adults, medulloblastoma (MB) is more frequent in children. In this pediatric tumour, more recent therapeutic advances have improved the survival rate, however current treatments result in long lasting effects on cognitive development, subsequently leading to a poor quality of life for the patient. This emphasizes the need to better understand tumour mechanisms in this disease in order to design better treatments that will not only lead to destruction of the tumour, but also will not impact patient quality of life in the long term.



The heterogeneity of GBM cells is a huge drawback in current treatment, and can be attributed to the existence of a population of cancer stem cells (CSC). CSC share similar features with stem cells in that they can self renew and proliferate. In paper I, we describe the design and use of a novel system for detection of cancer stem cells involving fluorescent probes called luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCO). We show that pHTMI, an LCO, is an improved cancer stem cell marker compared to existing markers. The role of the cytoskeleton in tumour malignancy is being explored as the cytoskeleton governs physical cellular features such as size, shape and regulates migration and invasiveness. In paper II we explore the cytoskeletal regulators of GBM cells and the effect on these regulators after oncology drugs. We identify a strong correlation between the cytoskeletal regulators and tumour malignancy that can help improve current GBM therapy.



Besides regulators of the cytoskeleton in the cytoplasm, the shape of the cell nucleus is affected by chromatin modifiers such as histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone demethylases (HDMs) In paper III we elucidate the role of histone deacetylases specifically HDAC2 and HDAC3 in controlling differentiation of progenitor cells and the role of transcriptional regulators in overseeing these pathways. Previous studies have also identified the role of histone demethylases in regulating differentiation in progenitor cells. Since medulloblastoma is a developmental tumour, we explored this approach in medulloblastoma cells. In paper IV, we demonstrate the role of retinoic acid (RA) in regulating the expression of the histone demethylase KDM6B/JMJD3 and neuronal genes. Further, we show that there is a cross-talk with KDM6B/JMJD3 and the TGFβ signaling mediator SMAD3 in medulloblastoma cells. A better molecular understanding of the mechanisms of these tumours could ensure improved diagnosis and treating molecular subtypes specifically
Changes in Neurocognitive Architecture in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treated with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a chronic, multisystem disorder that has a bidirectional relationship with several major neurological disorders, including Alzheimers dementia. Treatment with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) offers some protection from the effects of OSA, although it is still unclear which populations should be targeted, for how long, and what the effects of treatment are on different organ systems. We investigated whether cognitive improvements can be achieved as early as one month into CPAP treatment in patients with OSA.55 patients (mean (SD) age: 47.6 (11.1) years) with newly diagnosed moderate-severe OSA (Oxygen Desaturation Index: 36.6 (25.2) events/hour; Epworth sleepiness score (ESS): 12.8 (4.9)) and 35 matched healthy volunteers were studied. All participants underwent neurocognitive testing, neuroimaging and polysomnography. Patients were randomized into parallel groups: CPAP with best supportive care (BSC), or BSC alone for one month, after which they were re-tested.One month of CPAP with BSC resulted in a hypertrophic trend in the right thalamus [mean difference (%): 4.04, 95% CI: 1.47 to 6.61], which was absent in the BSC group [-2.29, 95% CI: -4.34 to -0.24]. Significant improvement was also recorded in ESS, in the CPAP plus BSC group, following treatment [mean difference (%): -27.97, 95% CI: -36.75 to -19.19 vs 2.46, 95% CI: -5.23 to 10.15; P=0.012], correlated to neuroplastic changes in brainstem (r=-0.37; P=0.05), and improvements in delayed logical memory scores [57.20, 95% CI: 42.94 to 71.46 vs 23.41, 95% CI: 17.17 to 29.65; P=0.037].One month of CPAP treatment can lead to adaptive alterations in the neurocognitive architecture that underlies the reduced sleepiness, and improved verbal episodic memory in patients with OSA. We propose that partial neural recovery occurs during short periods of treatment with CPAP