pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Morphological analysis of microcellular PP produced in a core-back injection process using chemical blowing agents and gas counter pressure

International audienceA complete experimental analysis of the microcellular injection process using Chemical Blowing Agents (CBA) with Gas Counter Pressure (GCP) and core-back expansion is presented. Three different types of polypropylene, neat and charged, were mixed with two different CBAs and injected into a plate mold with varying process parameters. First, an exhaustive cartographical mapping of the plate morphology is analyzed. In a second step, the relation between injection parameters and the resulting morphology is investigated. The results show that injection time affects the cellular structure. The formulation, especially the type of chemical foaming agent, controls the average bubble radius. Compared with classical injection process, the use of CBAs, combined to Gas Counter Pressure and core-back process, allows obtaining parts with good surface aspect, more homogeneous cellular structures and smaller bubble radiu
Rheological and physical characterization of PEDOT: PSS/graphene oxide nanocomposites for perovskite solar cells

In this work, the influence of graphene oxide (GO) doped Poly(3,4 ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS) thin nanocomposite on an indium–tin-oxide (ITO) anode, as hole transport layer (HTL) in perovskite solar cells, was investigated. Different concentrations of GO were added into the PEDOT:PSS in order to enhance its conductivity. In particular, the influence of GO content on the rheological and thermal properties of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/GO nanocomposites was initially examined. The GO filler was prepared by using modified Hummers method and dispersed into PEDOT:PSS in different quantity (ranging from 0.05 to 0.25 %wt/wt). The obtained nanocomposite solutions were analyzed by rheological characterizations in order to evaluate the influence of the GO filler on the viscosity of the PEDOT:PSS matrix. The wettability of solutions was evaluated by Contact Angle (CA) measurements. The quality of GO dispersion into the polymer matrix was studied using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal characterizations (DSC and TGA) were, finally, applied on nanocomposite films in order to evaluate thermal stability of the films as well as to indirectly comprehend the GO influence on PEDOT:PSS-water links
Fracture toughness of acrylic resins: Viscoelastic effects and deformation mechanisms

The time dependence of fracture toughness of two different acrylic resins, one plain and one toughened, intended to be used as continuous fiber composite matrices was studied. By performing fracture tests following the fracture mechanics approach, the energy release rate, GIc, was determined at different temperatures and displacement rates and by applying the time-temperature superposition it was possible to obtain GIc as a function of crack speed, math formula, over a wide range of speeds. The trends obtained for the two resins were different. For the plain resin it could be well described by J. G. Williams' viscoelastic fracture theory while for the toughened resin, the trend obtained was attributed to a change in the damage mechanism occurring at the crack tip during fracture. From measurements of the process zone size it was deduced that the damage mechanism at the crack tip for the plain resin was the same irrespective of time and temperature, for the toughened resin instead, different mechanisms seem to take place. This hypothesis was supported by results of volume strain measurements in tensile tests at different temperature and strain rates
Chain extension of recycled PA6

YesRecycling of polymers is a necessity in our intensively consuming polymer world but the nature of polymers is such that they are prone to thermal degradation when re-extruded and this poses technical challenges to recycling. This article describes research that seeks to rebuild the structure of degraded PA6. We present data from controlled experiments with pristine pPA6 extruded to form a base recycle rPA6 to which we added two chain extenders, separately: one with anhydride multifunctionality (ANHY), highly reactive with amide groups and one with epoxy multifunctionality (EPOX), less reactive. We found from rheological data carried out in the linear viscoelastic region (so as to study structural changes) a striking difference in the ability of the chain extenders to rebuild structure: 306% increase in the complex viscosity of rPA6/ANHY compared to 25% in that of rPA6/EPOX of the base rPA6. Mechanical and thermal (DSC and TGA) tests confirmed the superior efficacy of the multifunctional anhydride chain extender. Beside the practical benefit that ensues from this research, it also provides a strategic platform to develop chain extenders for other degrading polymers on the basis of understanding the degradation chemical reaction and targeting the most reactive end group of the split chains
Effects of atmospheric plasma treatment on adhesion and tribology of aromatic thermoplastic polymers

After cold plasma treatment of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ether-ether ketone) surfaces by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) under atmospheric (air) conditions, variations in surface chemistry and morphology were investigated in relation with adhesion and tribological properties. According to XPS measurements, surface oxidation caused the formation of low molecular weight moieties of carboxylic acids. The latter resulted in more hydrophilic surfaces according to water contact angle measurements, with mainly a higher polar surface energy component. In parallel, the surface roughness of originally polished surfaces reduced due to flattening of local surface asperities after DBD. The DBD significantly improved the adhesive shear strength for different glue types in polymer/polymer and polymer/steel joints, while the best adhesion was observed for a two-component epoxy type adhesive. Under dry sliding conditions, the coefficients of friction were lower after DBD compared to pristine samples only under mild sliding conditions (v = 0.05 m/s; p < 1 MPa.m/s), while the higher normal loads caused an increase in coefficients of friction likely due to the higher contributions of surface deformation. Most interestingly, the lower coefficients of friction after DBD were observed under oil lubrication and after cleaning the sliding track (‘run-out’ condition), due to the better retention of oil at the sliding surface for plasma-treated polymers
Using the implicit association test to assess risk propensity self-concept: analysis of its predictive validity on a risk-tak ing behaviour in a natural setting

The present work analyses the predictive validity of measures provided by several available self-report and indirect measurement instruments to assess risk propensity (RP) and proposes a measurement instrument using the Implicit Association Test: the IAT of Risk Propensity Self-Concept (IAT-RPSC), an adaptation of the prior IAT-RP of Dislich et al. Study 1 analysed the relationship between IAT-RPSC scores and several RP self-report measures. Participants’ risk-taking behaviour in a natural setting was also assessed, analyzing the predictive validity of the IAT-RPSC scores on risk-taking behaviour compared with the self-report measures. Study 2 analysed the predictive
 validity of the IAT-RPSC scores in comparison with other indirect measures. Results of these studies showed that the IAT-RPSC scores exhibited good reliability and were positively correlated to several self-report and indirect measures, providing evidence for convergent validity. Most importantly, the IAT-RPSC scores predicted risk-taking behaviour in a natural setting with real consequences above and beyond all other self-report and indirect measures analysed.This research has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, research grants PSI2008-02916 and PSI2011-2700
Narcissism and empathy in young offenders and non-offenders

Understanding the individual factors that predispose persons to criminal behaviour is vital to reducing offending and rehabilitating those who have been sentenced to prison. This study examined the roles of narcissism (at both clinical and subclinical trait levels) and empathy, by comparing levels in young adult males currently serving a prison sentence to those with no history of criminal convictions. Prison participants had significantly higher levels of narcissism—in particular entitlement—than control participants, and this link was sequentially mediated by lower perspective-taking and subsequently lack of empathic concern. Trait narcissism showed stronger effects than Narcissistic Personality Disorder symptoms. Narcissistic young men’s feelings of entitlement and ensuing lack of empathy for others may account for their greater likelihood of criminal behaviour
The Questionnaire Big Six in 26 Nations : Developing Cross-Culturally Applicable Big Six, Big Five and Big Two Inventories

The Big Five is a useful model of attributes now commonly used in cross-cultural research, but
without the support of strong measurement invariance (MI) evidence. The Big Six has been proposed as a cross-culturally informed update, and the broader Big Two (Social Self-Regulation and Dynamism) draws on even more cross-cultural evidence. However, neither has been rigorously tested for cross-cultural MI. Here a Big Six inventory (36QB6) and measures of the Big Five and Big Two derived from it, were tested and refined for cross-cultural usability in samples from 26 nations, divided into three subsets. CFA of the models in the first subset of nations demonstrated fit as strong in translation as typical personality measures achieve in their nation of origin (although poor per standard benchmarks). Items that performed inconsistently across cultures were removed, and alternates considered in a second subset of nations. Fit and invariance were improved for refined 30-item QB6 (30QB6), 25-item Big Five (25QB5), and 14- item Big Two (14QB2) measures in the third subset of nations. For all models, decrease in CFI between MI levels was larger than .01, indicating lack of support for higher levels. Configural and factorial invariance were relatively stronger, compared to scalar and full
Interpersonal Arrogance and the Incentive Salience of PowerversusAffiliation Cues

The arrogance dimension of the circumplex contrasts people who seemingly value power over affiliation (high arrogance) versus those who do not (low arrogance). Following this line of thinking, and building on an incentive salience model of approach motivation, three studies (total N = 284) examined the differential processing of power versus affiliation stimuli in categorization, perception and approach-avoidance paradigms. All studies found interactions of the same type. In study 2, for example, people high in arrogance perceived power stimuli to be larger than affiliation stimuli, but this differential pattern was not evident at low arrogance levels. People high, but not low, in arrogance also approached power stimuli faster than affiliation stimuli in a motor movement task (study 3). The results contribute to a process-based understanding of how interpersonal arrogance functions while linking such differences to the manner in which power versus affiliation cues are perceived and reacted to
Cooperation in mixed-motive games: the role of individual differences in selfish and social orientation

In mixed-motive games, people must choose between acting upon selfish interests and concerns for others. Yet, the consistency of people’s behavior across these various games is still unclear. If the same conflict between self and others is at the core of all mixed-motive situations, three hypotheses can be stated:  \ud
(1) behaviors in different mixed-motive games should be substantially related,  \ud
(2) all these games should substantially appeal to dispositional variables that probe in the psychological conflict between self and others, and  \ud
(3) these dispositional variables should explain the shared variance among various games.   \ud
\ud
These hypotheses were tested among undergraduate students (N = 219) who played seven different single shot mixed-motive games and one sequential game. Social Value Orientation as well as the ideological attitudes Social Dominance Orientation and Right-Wing Authoritarianism were included as dispositions. Our findings, however, showed evidence that did not fully substantiate our hypotheses, which calls into question the general idea that all mixed-motive games render the conflict between selfish interests and concern for others salient. In the discussion, we focus on implications for research on mixed-motive situations, and elaborate on the role of ideology in this domai
The Association of Cognitive Ability with Right-wing Ideological Attitudes and Prejudice: A Meta-analytic Review

The cognitive functioning of individuals with stronger endorsement of right-wing and prejudiced attitudes has elicited much scholarly interest. Whereas many studies investigated cognitive styles, less attention has been directed towards cognitive ability. Studies investigating the latter topic generally reveal lower cognitive ability to be associated with stronger endorsement of right-wing ideological attitudes and greater prejudice. However, this relationship has remained widely unrecognized in literature. The present meta-analyses revealed an average effect size of r =-.20 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) [-0.23, -0.17]; based on 67 studies, N=84 017] for the relationship between cognitive ability and right-wing ideological attitudes and an average effect size of r=-.19 (95% CI [-0.23, -0.16]; based on 23 studies, N=27 011) for the relationship between cognitive ability and prejudice. Effect sizes did not vary significantly across different cognitive abilities and sample characteristics. The effect strongly depended on the measure used for ideological attitudes and prejudice, with the strongest effect sizes for authoritarianism and ethnocentrism. We conclude that cognitive ability is an important factor in the genesis of ideological attitudes and prejudice and thus should become more central in theorizing and model building
The underlying motives of different mixed-motive games

Haesevoets, Reinders Folmer, and Van Hiel (2015) have shown limited consistency of\ud
people’s behaviour across various mixed-motive games. According to these authors, the\ud
modest relationships among these games call into question the general idea that all mixedmotive\ud
games render the conflict between selfish interests and concern for others equally\ud
salient. Thielmann, Böhm, and Hilbig (2015), however, argued that these findings can be\ud
explained in terms of the motivational differences that underlie the games. In this article, we\ud
demonstrate that Thielmann et al.’s descriptive model of the different motives underlying\ud
selfish and prosocial choices cannot be straightforwardly applied to the empirical data at\ud
hand. Analogous to our previous article, we again stress the need for further empirical\ud
research investigating the underlying motivational basis of each mixed-motive game.\ud
Keywords: mixed-motive games, motivational basis, selfish choice, prosocial choic
Cross-cultural Generalizability of the Alternative Five-factor Model Using the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire : ZKA-PQ across cultures

Several personality models are known for being replicable across cultures, such as the five-factor model (FFM) or Eysenck’s psychoticism-extraversion-neuroticism (PEN) model, and are for this reason considered universal. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the cross-cultural replicability of the recently revised Alternative Five-Factor Model (AFFM). 15,048 participants from 23 cultures completed the Zuckerman-Kuhlman-Aluja Personality Questionnaire (ZKA-PQ) aimed at assessing personality according to this revised AFFM. Internal consistencies, gender differences and correlations with age were similar across cultures for all five factors and facet-scales. The AFFM structure was very similar across samples and can be considered as highly replicable with total congruence coefficients ranging from .94 to .99. Measurement invariance across cultures was assessed using multi-group confirmatory factor analyses and each higher-order personality factor did reach configural and metric invariance. Scalar invariance was never reached, which implies that culture-specific norms should be considered. The underlying structure of the ZKA-PQ replicates well across cultures, suggesting that this questionnaire can be used in a large diversity of cultures and that the AFFM might be universal as the FFM or the PEN model. This suggests that more research is needed to identify and define an integrative framework underlying these personality models
Basic definitions in personality psychology: challenges for conceptual integrations

Personality psychology is fragmented across heterogeneous subfields each focussing on\ud
particular aspects of individuals and from particular paradigmatic perspectives. Attempts for\ud
integration into overarching theories as that presented in the target article are therefore\ud
important. But the ideas proposed build on vague and often circular definitions of basic terms\ud
and concepts that hamper advancement and integration. My critique from philosophy-ofscience\ud
perspectives pinpoints central problems and presents alternative concepts to help\ud
overcome them. A metatheoretical definition highlights the core ideas underlying common\ud
personality concepts and opens new avenues for conceptual integratio
A study of personality in children aged 8-12 years: Comparing self- and partents' ratings

This study was designed to investigate personality development with children aged 8 to 12. For this purpose, Children's self-perceptions were compared to parent's ratings. 506 children and their parents completed a selection of 38 questions from the Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children (HiPIC). Results showed an age-related increase in the structural congruence of children's ratings compared to parents' ratings and a highly significant increase in the reliabilities of both parents' and children's assessments. The mean correlation between the children's self-descriptions and parents' ratings were higher for Conscientiousness and Imagination than for Extraversion, Benevolence and Emotional Stability and significantly increased with the children's age. Mean-levels decreased with age for Imagination in parents' ratings and for Benevolence, Conscientiousness, and Imagination, in children's ratings. This study showed that personality development from 8 to 12 years goes along with an increase in the agreement between the children's self-perceptions and the parents' perceptions of the children's personality
Neuroticism and responses to social comparison among cancer patients

The present study examined how the effects of three audiotapes containig different types of social comparison information on the mood of cancer patients depended on the level of neuroticism. On the procedural tape, a man and woman discussed the process of radiation therapy, on the emotion tape, they focussed on emotional reactions to their illness and treatment, while on the coping tape they focussed on the way they had been coping. A validation study among 115 students showed that the tapes were perceived as they were intended. The main study was conducted among 226 patients who were about to undergo radiation therapy. Compared to patients in the control group, as patients were higher in neuroticism, they reported less negative mood after listening to the procedural and the coping tape. Furthermore, as patients were higher in neuroticism, they reported less negative mood after listening to the coping tape than to the emotion tape. Copyright (C) 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Further Implications of Personality and Behavioural Control

Theoretical explanations of personality rarely encompass as broad a range as Corr's  revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (RST) model, which attempts to integrate brain  physiology, cognitive psychology and consciousness with personality. Yet, some of the  more intriguing possibilities of the model are barely hinted at, such as the implications for  the value of self-reports in personality research, or a mechanism that may be able to  integrate social influence with psycho-physiology. Such extensions, along with exploration  of the model's practical consequences, should take us much closer to a genuinely  comprehensive understanding of personality.Griffith Health, School of Applied PsychologyFull Tex
The Temporal Reciprocity of Values and Beliefs

Values and beliefs (or social axioms) are important personality constructs, but little previous work has examined the relationship between the two, and none has examined their real-life longitudinal effects on one another. Major life transitions – such as moving to a new culture – can challenge existing values and beliefs, and therefore provide a particularly useful context for the analysis of value and belief change. The main aim of this research was to examine whether values may predict theoretically meaningful belief change and vice versa. Polish migrants participated in the study shortly after their arrival in the UK, and at two, subsequent, nine-month intervals (N = 172). Cross-lagged effects suggested reciprocal effects of values and beliefs, depending on the value involved. Findings are discussed in the light of current debates over personality change, as well as the broader impact of significant life transitions on personality
Building leadership: how pride in your work leads to better attendance and quality

Human performance technology (HPT) stresses a rigorous analysis of present and desired levels of performance, identifies the causes of performance gaps, offers a wide range of interventions with which to improve performance, guides the change management process, and evaluates the results. The project described in this article follows this structure, providing evidence supporting the belief that HPT practice leads to superior performance
in solving people-related problems. At times, human resource-related problems, such as a lack of trust in management,
can lead to all sorts of other maladies. Attendance, quality, and on-time
delivery can all be affected, as was the situation in the case illustrated in this article