pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Surface magnetism in ZnO/Co_3O_4 mixtures

We recently reported the observation of room temperature ferromagnetism in mixtures of ZnO and Co_3O_4 despite the diamagnetic and antiferromagnetic character of these oxides, respectively. Here, we present a detailed study on the electronic structure of this material in order to account for the unexpected ferromagnetism. Electrostatic interactions between both oxides lead to a dispersion of Co_3O_4 particles over the surface of ZnO larger ones. As a consequence, the reduction Co^(+3) -> Co^(2+) at the particle surface takes place as evidenced by x-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements and optical spectroscopy. This reduction allows explaining the observed ferromagnetic signal within the well established theories of magnetism in oxides
Dynamics of rising CO2 bubble plumes in the QICS field experiment: Part 1 – The experiment

Highlights\ud
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•    The CO2 bubbles leaked from QICS exp. are detected at diameters from 3 to 12 mm.\ud
•    Velocities of leaked bubbles are at 20–45 cm/s.\ud
•    Breakup and coalescence of bubbles are detected by a high-speed camera.\ud
•    The dynamics of leaked bubbles are analysed in terms of Eötvös and Reynolds numbers.\ud
\ud
Abstract\ud
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The dynamic characteristics of CO2 bubbles in Scottish seawater are investigated through observational data obtained from the QICS project. Images of the leaked CO2 bubble plume rising in the seawater were captured. This observation made it possible to discuss the dynamics of the CO2 bubbles in plumes leaked in seawater from the sediments. Utilising ImageJ, an image processing program, the underwater recorded videos were analysed to measure the size and velocity of the CO2 bubbles individually. It was found that most of the bubbles deform to non-spherical bubbles and the measured equivalent diameters of the CO2 bubbles observed near the sea bed are to be between 2 and 12 mm. The data processed from the videos showed that the velocities of 75% of the leaked CO2 bubbles in the plume are in the interval 25–40 cm/s with Reynolds numbers (Re) 500–3500, which are relatively higher than those of an individual bubble in quiescent water. The drag coefficient Cd is compared with numerous laboratory investigations, where agreement was found between the laboratory and the QICS experimental results with variations mainly due to the plume induced vertical velocity component of the seawater current and the interactions between the CO2 bubbles (breakup and coalescence). The breakup of the CO2 bubbles has been characterised and defined by Eötvös number, Eo, and Re
Dalitz-plot dependence of CP asymmetry in B±→K±K+K− decays

A large CP -violating asymmetry predicted recently in the framework of the QCD factorization model for the B±→K±K+K− decays in the range of the K+K− invariant masses above the ϕ(1020) resonance up to 1.4 GeV has been confirmed by the LHCb Collaboration. We discuss the emergence and size of this asymmetry in an extended model involving S - and P -waves together with the contribution from the D -wave f2(1270) resonance and compare our model with the experimental data of the LHCb and BABAR Collaborations
Unconventional supersymmetry and its breaking

We present a gauge theory for a superalgebra that includes an internal gauge ( <math altimg="si1.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="script">G</mi></math> ) and local Lorentz ( <math altimg="si2.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mi mathvariant="fraktur">so</mi></mrow><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi>D</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> ) algebras. These two symmetries are connected by fermionic supercharges. The field content of the system includes a (non-)abelian gauge potential A , a spin-1/2 Dirac spinor ψ , the Lorentz connection <math altimg="si3.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mrow><mi>ω</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi><mi>b</mi></mrow></msup></math> , and the vielbein <math altimg="si4.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msubsup><mrow><mi>e</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow></msubsup></math> . The connection one-form A is in the adjoint representation of G , while ψ is in the fundamental. In contrast to standard supersymmetry and supergravity, the metric is not a fundamental field and is in the center of the superalgebra: it is not only invariant under the internal gauge group, G , and under Lorentz transformations, <math altimg="si5.gif" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="bold">S</mi><mi mathvariant="bold">O</mi><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn><mo>,</mo><mi mathvariant="bold">D</mi><mo>−</mo><mn mathvariant="bold">1</mn><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math> , but is also invariant under supersymmetry
Core excitations across the neutron shell gap in 207 Tl

The single closed-neutron-shell, one proton–hole nucleus 207 Tl was populated in deep-inelastic collisions of a 208 Pb beam with a 208 Pb target. The yrast and near-yrast level scheme has been established up to high excitation energy, comprising an octupole phonon state and a large number of core excited states. Based on shell-model calculations, all observed single core excitations were established to arise from the breaking of the N=126 neutron core. While the shell-model calculations correctly predict the ordering of these states, their energies are compressed at high spins. It is concluded that this compression is an intrinsic feature of shell-model calculations using two-body matrix elements developed for the description of two-body states, and that multiple core excitations need to be considered in order to accurately calculate the energy spacings of the predominantly three-quasiparticle states
A boost for the EW SUSY hunt: monojet-like search for compressed sleptons at LHC14 with 100 fb −1

Current Large Hadron Collider (LHC) analyses are blind to compressed supersymmetry (SUSY) models with sleptons near the lightest super partner (LSP) in mass: m l ˜ − m χ ˜ 1 0 $$ {m}_{\tilde{l}}-{m}_{{\tilde{\chi}}_1^0} $$ ≡ Δ m ≲ 60 GeV. We present a search sensitive to the very compressed range 1 3 GeV < Δ m < 24 GeV using the channel pp → l ˜ + l ˜ − $$ pp\to {\tilde{l}}^{+}{\tilde{l}}^{-} $$ + jet → l + l − χ ˜ 1 0 χ ˜ 1 0 + $$ {l}^{+}{l}^{-}{\tilde{\chi}}_1^0{\tilde{\chi}}_1^0+ $$ jet with soft same-flavor leptons and one hard jet from initial state radiation ( p T j > 100 GeV). The sleptons recoil against the jet boosting them and their decay products, making the leptons detectable and providing substantial missing transverse momentum. We use the kinematic variable m T2 along with a different-flavor control region to reduce the large standard model backgrounds and control systematic uncertainty. We find the analysis should allow LHC14 with 100 fb −1 to search for degenerate left-handed selectrons and smuons in the compressed region up to m l ˜ L $$ {m}_{{\tilde{l}}_L} $$ ≲ 150 GeV. In addition, it should be sensitive to m l ˜ L $$ {m}_{{\tilde{l}}_L} $$ ≲ 110 GeV for the very challenging case of auto-concealed SUSY, in which left-handed sleptons decay to the Kaluza-Klein tower of a modulino LSP which lives in d = 6 extra dimensions. In both the compressed spectrum and auto-concealed SUSY scenarios this analysis will need more data to improve on LEP2 limits for right-handed sleptons due to their smaller cross sections
Bj-PRO-5a, a natural angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, promotes vasodilatation mediated by both bradykinin B-2 and M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Bradykinin-potentiating peptides (BPPs) or proline-rich oligopeptides (PROs) isolated from the venom glands of Bothrops jararaca (Bj) were the first natural inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) described. Bj-PRO-5a (< EKWAP), a member of this structurally related peptide family, was essential for the development of captopril, the first site-directed ACE inhibitor used for the treatment of human hypertension. Nowadays, more Bj-PROs have been identified with higher ACE inhibition potency compared to Bj-PRO-5a. However, despite its modest inhibitory effect of ACE inhibition, Bj-PRO-5a reveals strong bradykinin-potentiating activity, suggesting the participation of other mechanisms for this peptide. in the present study, we have shown that Bj-PRO-5a induced nitric oxide (NO) production depended on muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1 subtype (mAchR-M1) and bradykinin B-2 receptor activation, as measured by a chemiluminescence assay using a NO analyzer. Intravital microscopy based on transillumination of mice cremaster muscle also showed that both bradykinin B-2 receptor and mAchR-M1 contributed to the vasodilatation induced by Bj-PRO-5a. Moreover, Bj-PRO-5a-mediated vasodilatation was completely blocked in the presence of a NO synthase inhibitor. the importance of this work lies in the definition of novel targets for Bj-PRO-5a in addition to ACE, the structural model for captopril development. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Inst Butantan, Ctr Appl Toxinol CAT CEPID, BR-05503900 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Bioquim, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Farmacol, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Quim, Dept Bioquim, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Bioquim, São Paulo, SP, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Farmacol, São Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc
A spectral line survey of Orion KL in the bands 486-492 and 541-577 GHz with the Odin satellite: I. The observational data

Aims.Spectral line surveys are useful since they allow identification of new molecules and new lines in uniformly calibrated data sets. The subsequent multi-transition analysis will provide improved knowledge of molecular abundances, cloud temperatures and densities, and may also reveal previously unsuspected blends of molecular lines, which otherwise may lead to erroneous conclusions. Nonetheless, large portions of the sub-millimetre spectral regime remain unexplored due to severe absorptions by H 2O and O 2 in the terrestrial atmosphere. The purpose of the measurements presented here is to cover wavelength regions at and around 0.55 mm - regions largely unobservable from the ground.Methods.Using the Odin astronomy/aeronomy satellite, we performed the first spectral survey of the Orion KL molecular cloud core in the bands 486-492 and 541-576 GHz with rather uniform sensitivity (22-25 mK baseline noise). Odin's 1.1 m size telescope, equipped with four cryo-cooled tuneable mixers connected to broad band spectrometers, was used in a satellite position-switching mode. Two mixers simultaneously observed different 1.1 GHz bands using frequency steps of 0.5 GHz (25 h each). An on-source integration time of 20 h was achieved for most bands. The entire campaign consumed ~1100 orbits, each containing one hour of serviceable astro-observation.Results.We identified 280 spectral lines from 38 known interstellar molecules (including isotopologues) having intensities in the range 80 to 0.05 K. An additional 64 weak lines remain unidentified. Apart from the ground state rotational 1-1 transitions of ortho-HO, HO and HO, the high energy 6-7 line of para-HO (K) and the HDO(2-1) line have been observed, as well as the 1 0-0 1 lines from NH and its rare isotopologue NH. We suggest assignments for some unidentified features, notably the new interstellar molecules ND and SH. Severe blends have been detected in the line wings of the HO, HO and CO lines changing the true linewidths of the outflow emission. © 2007 ESO.published_or_final_versio
Spatial working memory in immersive virtual reality foraging : path organization, traveling distance and search efficiency in humans (Homo sapiens)

Search and serial recall tasks were used in the present study to characterize the factors affecting the ability of humans to keep track of a set of spatial locations while traveling in an immersive virtual reality foraging environment. The first experiment required the exhaustive exploration of a set of locations following a procedure previously used with other primate and non-primate species to assess their sensitivity to the geometric arrangement of foraging sites. The second experiment assessed the dependency of search performance on search organization by requiring the participants to recall specific trajectories throughout the foraging space. In the third experiment, the distance between the foraging sites was manipulated in order to contrast the effects of organization and traveling distance on recall accuracy. The results show that humans benefit from the use of organized search patterns when attempting to monitor their travel though either a clustered "patchy" space or a matrix of locations. Their ability to recall a series of locations is dependent on whether the order in which they are explored conformed or did not conform to specific organization principles. Moreover, the relationship between search efficiency and search organization is not confounded by effects of traveling distance. These results indicate that in humans, organizational factors may play a large role in their ability to forage efficiently. The extent to which such dependency may pertain to other primates and could be accounted for by visual organization processes is discussed on the basis of previous studies focused on perceptual grouping, search, and serial recall in non-human species.Peer-reviewedPost-prin
The development of the implied terms on quantity in the law of sale of goods.

The history of the development of the implied terms on short delivery is a complex story of judicial and academic ignorance of law and facts. Sir Mackenzie Chalmers' statutory formulation of the right to correct delivery was the same as that provided in Judah Benjamin's 1868 work on sales. However, Benjamin's formulation was flawed, which led to a highly unsatisfactory rule of law. This article considers the history of the case law on short delivery, leading up to the 1893 codification. The operation of the statutory rule further illustrates the depth of confusion which remained following codification. A comparison with the history of short delivery in the United States demonstrates that the confusion within the English system could easily have been avoided
Axial vector transition form factors of $N \rightarrow \Delta$ in QCD

The isovector axial vector form factors of $N \rightarrow \Delta$ transition
are calculated by employing Light-cone QCD sum rules. The analytical results
are analysed by both the conventional method, and also by a Monte Carlo based
approach which allows one to scan all of the parameter space. The predictions
are also compared with the results in the literature, where available. Although
the Monte Carlo analysis predicts large uncertainties in the predicted results,
the predictions obtained by the conventional analysis are in good agreement
with other results in the literature.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, improved analysis, conclusions
  unmodifie
$W^{\pm}Z$ production at hadron colliders in NNLO QCD

We report on the first computation of the next-to-next-to-leading order
(NNLO) QCD corrections to $W^{\pm}Z$ production in proton collisions. We
consider both the inclusive production of on-shell $W^{\pm}Z$ pairs at LHC
energies and the total $W^{\pm}Z$ rates including off-shell effects of the $W$
and $Z$ bosons. In the off-shell computation, the invariant mass of the lepton
pairs from the $Z$ boson decay is required to be in a given mass window, and
the results are compared with the corresponding measurements obtained by the
ATLAS and CMS collaborations. The NNLO corrections range from 8% at
$\sqrt{s}$=7 TeV to 11% at $\sqrt{s}$=14 TeV and significantly improve the
agreement with the LHC data at $\sqrt{s}$=7 and 8 TeV.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 4 table
Strict stationarity, persistence and volatility forecasting in ARCH(∞) processes

AcceptedArticle in PressThis paper derives a simple sufficient condition for strict stationarity in the ARCH(∞) class of processes with conditional heteroscedasticity. The concept of persistence in these processes is explored, and is the subject of a set of simulations showing how persistence depends on both the pattern of lag coefficients of the ARCH model and the distribution of the driving shocks. The results are used to argue that an alternative to the usual method of ARCH/GARCH volatility forecasting should be considered
Simulations of protostellar collapse using multigroup radiation hydrodynamics. II. The second collapse

15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&AStar formation begins with the gravitational collapse of a dense core inside a molecular cloud. As the collapse progresses, the centre of the core begins to heat up as it becomes optically thick. The temperature and density in the centre eventually reach high enough values where fusion reactions can ignite; the protostar is born. This sequence of events entail many physical processes, of which radiative transfer is of paramount importance. Many simulations of protostellar collapse make use of a grey treatment of radiative transfer coupled to the hydrodynamics. However, interstellar gas and dust opacities present large variations as a function of frequency. In this paper, we follow-up on a previous paper on the collapse and formation of Larson's first core using multigroup radiation hydrodynamics (Paper I) by extending the calculations to the second phase of the collapse and the formation of Larson's second core. We have made the use of a non-ideal gas equation of state as well as an extensive set of spectral opacities in a spherically symmetric fully implicit Godunov code to model all the phases of the collapse of a 0.1, 1 and 10 solar mass cloud cores. We find that, for a same central density, there are only small differences between the grey and multigroup simulations. The first core accretion shock remains supercritical while the shock at the second core border is found to be strongly subcritical with all the accreted energy being transfered to the core. The size of the first core was found to vary somewhat in the different simulations (more unstable clouds form smaller first cores) while the size, mass and temperature of the second cores are independent of initial cloud mass, size and temperature. Our simulations support the idea of a standard (universal) initial second core size of 0.003 AU and mass 0.0014 solar masses
A Turnip yellow mosaic virus infection system in Arabidopsis suspension cell culture.

International audienceTurnip yellow mosaic virus (TYMV) is a positive-strand RNA virus able to infect Arabidopsis thaliana. To establish a TYMV infection system in Arabidopsis cell culture, TYMV replicons with the capsid protein gene replaced by a reporter gene expressing the Sh ble protein conferring zeocin resistance were used to transfect Arabidopsis cells. Zeocin-resistant Arabidopsis calli were used to generate a suspension cell culture. Detection of viral proteins and RNAs after 18 months in culture demonstrated persistent replication of the replicon. The Arabidopsis cell culture yielded soluble, active replication complexes, providing a useful tool to study host factors involved in TYMV replication
Simplicial simple-homotopy of flag complexes in terms of graphs

International audienceA flag complex can be defined as a simplicial complex whose simplices correspond to complete subgraphs of its 1-skeleton taken as a graph. In this article, by introducing the notion of s-dismantlability, we shall define the s-homotopy type of a graph and show in particular that two finite graphs have the same s-homotopy type if, and only if, the two flag complexes determined by these graphs have the same simplicial simple-homotopy type. This result is closely related to similar results established by Barmak and Minian [J.A. Barmak, E.G. Minian, Simple homotopy types and finite spaces, Adv. Math. 218 (1) (2008) 87-104. doi:10.1016/j.aim.2007.11.019] in the framework of posets and we give the relation between the two approaches. We conclude with a question about the relation between the s-homotopy and the graph homotopy defined in [B. Chen, S.-T. Yau, Y.-N. Yeh, Graph homotopy and Graham homotopy, Selected papers in honor of Helge Tverberg, Discrete Math. 241 (1-3) (2001) 153-170. doi:10.1016/S0012-365X(01)00115-7.
A Shell Model for Real-time Simulation of intra-ocular Implant Deployment

International audienceWith 30 million interventions a year worldwide, cataract surgery is one of the most frequently performed procedures. Yet, no tool currently allows teaching all steps of the procedure without putting pa- tients at risk. A particularly challenging stage of this surgery deals with the injection and deployment of the intra-ocular lens implant. In this paper we propose to rely on shell theory to accurately describe the com- plex deformations of the implant. Our approach extends the co-rotational method used in finite element analysis of in-plane deformations to incor- porate a bending energy. This results in a relatively simple and compu- tationally efficient approach which was applied to the simulation of the lens deployment. This simulation also accounts for the complex contacts that take place during the injection phase
The gamma-ray millisecond pulsar deathline, revisited New velocity and distance measurements

International audienceContext. Millisecond pulsars (MSPs) represent nearly half of the more than 160 currently known γ-ray pulsars detected by the Large Area Telescope on the Fermi satellite, and a third of all known MSPs are seen in γ rays. The least energetic γ-ray MSPs enable us to probe the so-called deathline for high-energy emission, i.e., the spin-down luminosity limit under which pulsars (PSRs) cease to produce detectable high-energy radiation. Characterizing the MSP luminosity distribution helps to determine their contribution to the Galactic diffuse γ-ray emission. Aims. Because of the Shklovskii effect, precise proper motion and distance measurements are key ingredients for determining the spin-down luminosities of MSPs accurately. Our aim is to obtain new measurements of these parameters for γ-ray MSPs when possible, and clarify the relationship between the γ-ray luminosity of pulsars and their spin-down luminosity. Detecting low spin-down luminosity pulsars in γ rays and characterizing their spin properties is also particularly interesting for constraining the deathline for high-energy emission. Methods. We made use of the high-quality pulsar timing data recorded at the Nançay Radio Telescope over several years to characterize the properties of a selection of MSPs. For one of the pulsars, the dataset was complemented with Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope observations. The rotation ephemerides derived from this analysis were also used to search the LAT data for new γ-ray MSPs. Results. For the MSPs considered in this study, we obtained new transverse proper motion measurements or updated the existing ones, and placed new distance constraints for some of them, with four new timing parallax measurements. We discovered significant GeV γ-ray signals from four MSPs, i.e., PSRs J0740+6620, J0931−1902, J1455−3330, and J1730−2304. The latter is now the least energetic γ-ray pulsar found to date. Despite the improved ˙ E and L γ estimates, the relationship between these two quantities remains unclear, especially at low ˙ E values