pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Extracting the CP-violating phases of trilinear R-parity violating
  couplings from $\mu \to eee$

It has recently been shown that by measuring the transverse polarizations of
the final particles in $\mu^- \to e^- e^+ e^-$, it is possible to extract
information on the phases of the effective couplings leading to this decay. We
examine this possibility within the context of R-parity violating Minimal
Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) in which the $\mu^- \to e^- e^+e^-$
process can take place at a tree level. We demonstrate how a combined analysis
of the angular distribution of the emitted positrons and their transverse
polarization can determine the CP-violating phases of the trilinear R-parity
violating Yukawa couplings.Comment: 21 pages, 2 figures; v2: A discussion on the feasibility of measuring
  the transverse polarization adde
Analysis of plasma instabilities and verification of the BOUT code for
  the Large Plasma Device

The properties of linear instabilities in the Large Plasma Device [W.
Gekelman et al., Rev. Sci. Inst., 62, 2875 (1991)] are studied both through
analytic calculations and solving numerically a system of linearized
collisional plasma fluid equations using the 3D fluid code BOUT [M. Umansky et
al., Contrib. Plasma Phys. 180, 887 (2009)], which has been successfully
modified to treat cylindrical geometry. Instability drive from plasma pressure
gradients and flows is considered, focusing on resistive drift waves, the
Kelvin-Helmholtz and rotational interchange instabilities. A general linear
dispersion relation for partially ionized collisional plasmas including these
modes is derived and analyzed. For LAPD relevant profiles including strongly
driven flows it is found that all three modes can have comparable growth rates
and frequencies. Detailed comparison with solutions of the analytic dispersion
relation demonstrates that BOUT accurately reproduces all characteristics of
linear modes in this system.Comment: Published in Physics of Plasmas, 17, 102107 (2010
On logarithmic extensions of local scale-invariance

Ageing phenomena far from equilibrium naturally present dynamical scaling and
in many situations this may generalised to local scale-invariance. Generically,
the absence of time-translation-invariance implies that each scaling operator
is characterised by two independent scaling dimensions. Building on analogies
with logarithmic conformal invariance and logarithmic Schr\"odinger-invariance,
this work proposes a logarithmic extension of local scale-invariance, without
time-translation-invariance. Carrying this out requires in general to replace
both scaling dimensions of each scaling operator by Jordan cells. Co-variant
two-point functions are derived for the most simple case of a two-dimensional
logarithmic extension. Their form is compared to simulational data for
autoresponse functions in several universality classes of non-equilibrium
ageing phenomena.Comment: 23 pages, Latex2e, 2 eps figures included, final form (now also
  includes discussion of KPZ equation
Observation of isolated high-E_T photons in deep inelastic scattering

First measurements of cross sections for isolated prompt photon production in
deep inelastic ep scattering have been made using the ZEUS detector at the HERA
electron-proton collider using an integrated luminosity of 121 pb^-1. A signal
for isolated photons in the transverse energy and rapidity ranges 5 < E_T^gamma
< 10 GeV and -0.7 < eta^gamma < 0.9 was observed for virtualities of the
exchanged photon of Q^2 > 35 GeV^2. Cross sections are presented for inclusive
prompt photons and for those accompanied by a single jet in the range E_T^jet
\geq 6 GeV and -1.5 \leq eta^jet < 1.8. Calculations at order alpha^3alpha_s
describe the data reasonably well.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figure
Air Shower Simulation and Hadronic Interactions

The aim of this report of the Working Group on Hadronic Interactions and Air
Shower Simulation is to give an overview of the status of the field,
emphasizing open questions and a comparison of relevant results of the
different experiments. It is shown that an approximate overall understanding of
extensive air showers and the corresponding hadronic interactions has been
reached. The simulations provide a qualitative description of the bulk of the
air shower observables. Discrepancies are however found when the correlation
between measurements of the longitudinal shower profile are compared to that of
the lateral particle distributions at ground. The report concludes with a list
of important problems that should be addressed to make progress in
understanding hadronic interactions and, hence, improve the reliability of air
shower simulations.Comment: Working Group report given at UHECR 2012 Symposium, CERN, Feb. 2012.
  Published in EPJ Web of Conferences 53, 01007 (2013
Embedded Star Formation in S4G Galaxy Dust Lanes

Star-forming regions that are visible at 3.6 microns and Halpha but not in
the u,g,r,i,z bands of the Sloan Digital Sky survey (SDSS), are measured in
five nearby spiral galaxies to find extinctions averaging ~3.8 mag and stellar
masses averaging ~5x10^4 Msun. These regions are apparently young star
complexes embedded in dark filamentary shock fronts connected with spiral arms.
The associated cloud masses are ~10^7 Msun. The conditions required to make
such complexes are explored, including gravitational instabilities in spiral
shocked gas and compression of incident clouds. We find that instabilities are
too slow for a complete collapse of the observed spiral filaments, but they
could lead to star formation in the denser parts. Compression of incident
clouds can produce a faster collapse but has difficulty explaining the
semi-regular spacing of some regions along the arms. If gravitational
instabilities are involved, then the condensations have the local Jeans mass.
Also in this case, the near-simultaneous appearance of equally spaced complexes
suggests that the dust lanes, and perhaps the arms too, are relatively young.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, ApJ in pres
Spin-orbit torque opposing the Oersted torque in ultrathin Co/Pt
  bilayers

Current-induced torques in ultrathin Co/Pt bilayers were investigated using
an electrically driven FMR technique. The angle dependence of the resonances,
detected by a rectification effect as a voltage, were analysed to determine the
symmetries and relative magnitudes of the spin-orbit torques. Both anti-damping
(Slonczewski) and field-like torques were observed. As the ferromagnet
thickness was reduced from 3 to 1 nm, the sign of the field-like torque
reversed. This observation is consistent with the emergence of a Rashba spin
orbit torque in ultra-thin bilayers
Coulomb Branch and The Moduli Space of Instantons

The moduli space of instantons on C^2 for any simple gauge group is studied
using the Coulomb branch of N=4 gauge theories in three dimensions. For a given
simple group G, the Hilbert series of such an instanton moduli space is
computed from the Coulomb branch of the quiver given by the over-extended
Dynkin diagram of G. The computation includes the cases of non-simply-laced
gauge groups G, complementing the ADHM constructions which are not available
for exceptional gauge groups. Even though the Lagrangian description for
non-simply laced Dynkin diagrams is not currently known, the prescription for
computing the Coulomb branch Hilbert series of such diagrams is very simple.
For instanton numbers one and two, the results are in agreement with previous
works. New results and general features for the moduli spaces of three and
higher instanton numbers are reported and discussed in detail.Comment: 32 pages + Appendices. v2: typos correcte
Mirror symmetry for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in weighted P$_{4}$ and extensions of Landau Ginzburg theory

Recently two groups have listed all sets of weights (k_1,...,k_5) such that the weighted projective space P_4^{(k_1,...,k_5)} admits a transverse Calabi-Yau hypersurface. It was noticed that the corresponding Calabi-Yau manifolds do not form a mirror symmetric set since some 850 of the 7555 manifolds have Hodge numbers (b_{11},b_{21}) whose mirrors do not occur in the list. By means of Batyrev's construction we have checked that each of the 7555 manifolds does indeed have a mirror. The `missing mirrors' are constructed as hypersurfaces in toric varieties. We show that many of these manifolds may be interpreted as non-transverse hypersurfaces in weighted P_4's, ie, hypersurfaces for which dp vanishes at a point other than the origin. This falls outside the usual range of Landau--Ginzburg theory. Nevertheless Batyrev's procedure provides a way of making sense of these theories
Determination of the transverse velocity of Q2237+0305

The largest systematic uncertainty present in the analysis of gravitationally microlensed quasar light curves is that of the galactic transverse velocity. We describe a method for determining the transverse velocity as well as its application to published monitoring data of Q2237+0305 (Irwin et al. 1989; Corrigan et al. 1991; Ostensen et al 1995). We find that while this data displays strong evidence for microlensing, it limits the transverse velocity to be < 500 km/sec (for microlens masses of 0.5 solar masses). In addition, by combining these results with a new method for modelling the microlensing contribution of stellar proper motions, we find that the masses of microlenses in Q2237+0305 are consistent with those of low mass stars
Dynamics of Gravitomagnetic Charge

The physically interesting gravitational analogue of magnetic monopole in electrodynamics is considered in the present paper. The author investigates the field equation of gravitomagnetic matter, and the exact static cylindrically symmetric solution of field equation as well as the motion of gravitomagnetic charge in gravitational fields. Use is made of the mechanism of gravitational Meissner effect, a potential interpretation of anomalous, constant, acceleration acting on the Pioneer 10/11, Galileo and Ulysses spacecrafts is also suggested
Knot invariants and the Bollobas-Riordan polynomial of embedded graphs

For a graph G embedded in an orientable surface \Sigma, we consider
associated links L(G) in the thickened surface \Sigma \times I. We relate the
HOMFLY polynomial of L(G) to the recently defined Bollobas-Riordan polynomial
of a ribbon graph. This generalizes celebrated results of Jaeger and Traldi. We
use knot theory to prove results about graph polynomials and, after discussing
questions of equivalence of the polynomials, we go on to use our formulae to
prove a duality relation for the Bollobas-Riordan polynomial. We then consider
the specialization to the Jones polynomial and recent results of Chmutov and
Pak to relate the Bollobas-Riordan polynomials of an embedded graph and its
tensor product with a cycle.Comment: v2: minor corrections, to appear in European Journal of Combinatoric
Energy dependence of hyperon production in nucleus-nucleus collisions at
  SPS

A measurement of strange baryon and antibaryon production in Pb-Pb collisions
has been carried out by the NA57 experiment at the CERN SPS, with 40 and 158 A
GeV/c beam momentum. Results on $\Lambda$, $\Xi$ and $\Omega$ hyperon yields at
mid-rapidity in the most central 53% of Pb-Pb collisions at 40 A GeV/c are
presented and compared with those obtained at higher energy, in the same
collision centrality range. The $\Lambda$ and $\Xi^-$ yields per unit rapidity
stay roughly constant while those of $\Omega^-$, $\bar\Lambda$, $\bar\Xi^+$ and
$\bar\Omega^+$ increase when going to the higher SPS energy. Hyperon yields at
the SPS are compared with those from the STAR experiment in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ =
130 GeV Au-Au collisions at RHIC.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Physics
  Letters
Neutron-$^3$H potentials and the $^5$H-properties

The continuum resonance spectrum of $^5$H ($^3$H+$n$+$n$) is investigated by
use of the complex scaled hyperspherical adiabatic expansion method. The
crucial $^3$H-neutron potential is obtained by switching off the Coulomb part
from successful fits to $^3$He-proton experimental data. These two-body
potentials must be expressed exclusively by operators conserving the
nucleon-core mean field angular momentum quantum numbers. The energies $E_R$
and widths $\Gamma_R$ of the $1/2^+$ ground-state resonance and the lowest two
excited $5/2^+$ and $3/2^+$-resonances are found to be $(1.6,1.5)$ MeV,
$(2.8,2.5)$ MeV and $(3.2,3.9)$ MeV, respectively. These results agree with
most of the experimental data. The energy distributions of the fragments after
decay of the resonances are predicted.Comment: 26 pages, 8 tables, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in Nucl.
  Phys.
Phase behavior of polydisperse spheres: Simulation strategies and an application to the freezing transition

The statistical mechanics of phase transitions in dense systems of polydisperse particles presents distinctive challenges to computer simulation and analytical theory alike. The core difficulty, namely, dealing correctly with particle size fractionation between coexisting phases, is set out in the context of a critique of previous simulation work on such systems. Specialized Monte Carlo simulation techniques and moment free energy method calculations, capable of treating fractionation exactly, are then described and deployed to study the fluid-solid transition of an assembly of repulsive spherical particles described by a top-hat "parent" distribution of particle sizes. The cloud curve delineating the solid-fluid coexistence region is mapped as a function of the degree of polydispersity delta, and the properties of the incipient "shadow" phases are presented. The coexistence region is found to shift to higher densities as d increases, but does not exhibit the sharp narrowing predicted by many theories and some simulations
A genome-wide association study of Hodgkin Lymphoma identifies new susceptibility loci at 2p16.1 (REL), 8q24.21, and 10p14 (GATA3)

To identify predisposition loci for classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (cHL) we conducted a genome-wide association study of 589 cHL cases and 5,199 controls with validation in 4 independent samples totaling 2,057 cases and 3,416 controls. We identified three new susceptibility loci at 2p16.1 (rs1432295, REL; odds ratio [OR]=1.22, Pcombined=1.91×10−8), 8q24.21 (rs2019960, PVT1; OR=1.33, Pcombined=1.26×10−13) and 10p14 (rs501764, GATA3; OR=1.25, Pcombined=7.05×10−8). Furthermore, we confirmed the role of the MHC in disease etiology by revealing a strong HLA association (rs6903608; OR=1.70, Pcombined=2.84×10−50). These data provide new insight into the pathogenesis of cHL
Towards QoS provisioning in a heterogeneous carrier-grade wireless mesh access networks using unidirectional overlay cells

Proceedings of: 6th International ICST Conference on Heterogeneous Networking for Quality, Reliability, Security and Robustness, QShine 2009 and 3rd International Workshop on Advanced Architectures and Algorithms for Internet Delivery and Applications, AAA-IDEA 2009, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, November 23-25, 2009The visibility and success ofWireless Mesh Network (WMN)
deployments has raised interest among commercial operators in this technology.
Compared to traditional operator access networks WMNs have
the potential to offer easier deployment and flexible self-reconfiguration
at lower costs. A WMN-type architecture considered as an alternative
for an operator access network must meet similar requirements such as
high availability and guaranteed QoS in order to support triple-play content
provisioning. In this paper we introduce an architecture of such a
Carrier-grade Wireless Mesh Access Network (CG-WMAN). We then
present our contribution, an approach to seamlessly integrate unidirectional
broadcast cells (i.e. DVB-T) into such a CG-WMAN. This allows
higher layer protocols to utilize broadcast cells like regular mesh links,
where beneficial for a given payload and receiver distribution. We then
present a typical use case and discuss for which combinations of traffic
type, user distribution and QoS requirements the use of longer range
broadcast technologies can help to improve the overall CG-WMAN performance
in terms of throughput and reliability.European Community's Seventh Framework ProgramPublicad
Top-quark production in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at
  LHC energies and beyond

Single and pair top-quark production in proton-lead (p-Pb) and lead-lead
(Pb-Pb) collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and future circular
collider (FCC) energies, are studied with next-to-leading-order perturbative
QCD calculations including nuclear parton distribution functions. At the LHC,
the pair-production cross sections amount to sigma(t-tbar) = 3.4 mub in Pb-Pb
at sqrt(s) = 5.5 TeV, and sigma(t-tbar) = 60 nb in p-Pb at sqrt(s) = 8.8 TeV.
At the FCC energies of sqrt(s) = 39 and 63 TeV, the same cross sections are
factors of 90 and 55 times larger respectively. In the leptonic final-state
t-tbar --> W+b W-bbar --> b bbar l+l- nu+nu-, after typical acceptance and
efficiency cuts, one expects about 90 and 300 top-quarks per nominal LHC-year
and 4.7 10^4 and 10^5 per FCC-year in Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions respectively.
The total t-tbar cross sections, dominated by gluon fusion processes, are
enhanced by 3--8% in nuclear compared to p-p collisions due to an overall net
gluon antishadowing, although different regions of their differential
distributions are depleted due to shadowing or EMC-effect corrections. The
rapidity distributions of the decay leptons in t-tbar processes can be used to
reduce the uncertainty on the Pb gluon density at high virtualities by up to
30% at the LHC (full heavy-ion programme), and by 70% per FCC-year. The cross
sections for single-top production in electroweak processes are also computed,
yielding about a factor of 30 smaller number of measurable top-quarks after
cuts, per system and per year.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figs. Minor modifications. Version to appear in
  Phys.Lett.
Overestimated crash risks of young and elderly drivers.

BACKGROUND: Young and elderly drivers are reported to have markedly greater crash rates than drivers of other ages, but they travel less frequently and represent a minority of road users. Consequently, many crashes involving young or elderly drivers also involve drivers of middle age ranges who travel more frequently. PURPOSE: To examine crash rates of young and elderly drivers, controlling for ages of all drivers involved in collisions. METHODS: A retrospective longitudinal study conducted on population-wide two-vehicle crashes reported in Great Britain from 2002 through 2010 for driver age ranges (17-20, 21-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, ≥70 years) and individual driver ages among those aged 17-20 years. Annual trips made, recorded as part of a National Travel Survey, were used to estimate trip-based driver crash rates. RESULTS: Crash rates of drivers aged 17-20 years were not significantly different from crash rates of drivers aged 21-29 years (rate ratio=1.14; 95% CI=0.96, 1.33) when controlling for ages of both drivers involved in two-car collisions, and drivers aged 17 years had the lowest crash rate among drivers aged 17-20 years. Crash rates of drivers aged ≥70 years equaled crash rates of drivers aged 60-69 years (rate ratio=1.00; 95% CI=0.77, 1.32) and were 1.40 times (95% CI=1.10, 1.78) lower than crash rates of drivers aged 50-59 years. CONCLUSIONS: The current findings are in contrast with reports of high crash risks among young and elderly drivers, and suggest that previous reports may have overestimated the crash risks of these drivers by failing to control for ages of all drivers involved in collisions
Artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum : a process linked to dormancy?

Artemisinin (ART) based combination therapy (ACT) is used as the first line treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in over 100 countries and is the cornerstone of malaria control and elimination programs in these areas. However, despite the high potency and rapid parasite killing action of ART derivatives there is a high rate of recrudescence associated with ART monotherapy and recrudescence is not uncommon even when ACT is used. Compounding this problem are reports that some parasites in Cambodia, a known foci of drug resistance, have decreased in vivo sensitivity to ART. This raises serious concerns for the development of ART resistance in the field even though no major phenotypic and genotypic changes have yet been identified in these parasites. In this article we review available data on the characteristics of ART, its effects on Plasmodium falciparum parasites and present a hypothesis to explain the high rate of recrudescence associated with this potent class of drugs and the current enigma surrounding ART resistance
Quantum tests of the Einstein Equivalence Principle with the STE–QUEST space mission

We present in detail the scientific objectives in fundamental physics of the Space-Time Explorer and 4. It carries out tests of different aspects of the Einstein Equivalence Principle using atomic clocks, matter wave interferometry and long distance time/frequency links, providing fascinating science at the interface between quantum mechanics and gravitation that cannot be achieved, at that level of precision, in ground experiments. We especially emphasize the specific strong interest of performing equivalence principle tests in the quantum regime, i.e. using quantum atomic wave interferometry. Although STE-QUEST was finally not selected in early 2014 because of budgetary and technological reasons, its science case was very highly rated. Our aim is to expose that science to a large audience in order to allow future projects and proposals to take advantage of the STE-QUEST experience
Associative memory scheme for genetic algorithms in dynamic environments

Copyright @ Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2006.In recent years dynamic optimization problems have attracted a growing interest from the community of genetic algorithms with several approaches developed to address these problems, of which the memory scheme is a major one. In this paper an associative memory scheme is proposed for genetic algorithms to enhance their performance in dynamic environments. In this memory scheme, the environmental information is also stored and associated with current best individual of the population in the memory. When the environment changes the stored environmental information that is associated with the best re-evaluated memory solution is extracted to create new individuals into the population. Based on a series of systematically constructed dynamic test environments, experiments are carried out to validate the proposed associative memory scheme. The environmental results show the efficiency of the associative memory scheme for genetic algorithms in dynamic environments
Beauty is more attractive: particle production andmoduli trapping with higher dimensional interaction

We study quantum effects on moduli dynamics arising from particle production near the enhanced symmetry point (ESP). We focus on non-renormalizable couplings between the moduli field and the field that becomes light at the ESP. Considering higher dimensional interaction, we find that particle production is significant in a large area, which is even larger than the area that is expected from a renormalizable interaction. It is possible to find this possibility from a trivial adiabatic condition; however the quantitative estimation of particle production and trapping of the field in motion are far from trivial. In this paper we study particle production and trapping in detail, using both the analytical and numerical calculations, to find a clear and intuitive result that supports trapping in a vast variety of theories. Our study shows that trapping driven by a non-renormalizable interaction is possible. This possibility has not been considered in previous works. Some phenomenological models of particle physics will be mentioned to complement discussion