pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
MEF2 Is an In Vivo Immune-Metabolic Switch

SummaryInfections disturb metabolic homeostasis in many contexts, but the underlying connections are not completely understood. To address this, we use paired genetic and computational screens in Drosophila to identify transcriptional regulators of immunity and pathology and their associated target genes and physiologies. We show that Mef2 is required in the fat body for anabolic function and the immune response. Using genetic and biochemical approaches, we find that MEF2 is phosphorylated at a conserved site in healthy flies and promotes expression of lipogenic and glycogenic enzymes. Upon infection, this phosphorylation is lost, and the activity of MEF2 changes—MEF2 now associates with the TATA binding protein to bind a distinct TATA box sequence and promote antimicrobial peptide expression. The loss of phosphorylated MEF2 contributes to loss of anabolic enzyme expression in Gram-negative bacterial infection. MEF2 is thus a critical transcriptional switch in the adult fat body between metabolism and immunity
DYRK1A binds to an evolutionarily conserved WD40-repeat protein WDR68 and induces its nuclear translocation

AbstractDYRK1A is encoded in the Down's syndrome critical region on human chromosome 21, and plays an important role in the functional and developmental regulation of many types of cells, including neuronal cells. Here we have identified WDR68, an evolutionarily conserved protein with WD40-repeat domains, as a cellular binding partner of DYRK1A. WDR68 was originally identified in petunia as AN11 that controls the pigmentation of flowers by stimulating the transcription of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. Experiments with RNA interference showed that WDR68 was indispensable for the optimal proliferation and survival of mammalian cultured cell, and WDR68 depletion induced cell apoptosis. DYRK1A and DYRK1B, but not DYRK2, DYRK3, or DYRK4, bound to endogenous and expressed WDR68. The N-terminal domain, but not the catalytic kinase domain or the C-terminal domain of DYRK1A, was responsible for the WDR68 binding. Deletions in the N-terminal or C-terminal region outside of the central WD40-repeats of WDR68 abolished its binding to DYRK1A, suggesting that WD40 repeats are not sufficient for the association with DYRK1A. Immunofluorescent staining revealed that WDR68 was distributed throughout the cell. Importantly, nuclear accumulation of WDR68 was observed upon co-expression of the wild type and a kinase-dead mutant of DYRK1A. Taken together, these results suggest that DYRK1A binds specifically to WDR68 in cells, and that the binding, but not the phosphorylation event, induces the nuclear translocation of WDR68
On a class of periodic quasilinear Schrödinger equations involving critical growth in R2

AbstractWe consider the equation −Δu+V(x)u−k2(Δ(|u|2))u=g(x,u), u>0, x∈R2, where V:R2→R and g:R2×R→R are two continuous 1-periodic functions and k is a positive constant. Also, we assume g behaves like exp(β|u|4) as |u|→∞. We prove the existence of at least one weak solution u∈H1(R2) with u2∈H1(R2). The mountain pass in a suitable Orlicz space together with the Trudinger–Moser inequality are employed to establish this result. Such equations arise when one seeks for standing wave solutions for the corresponding quasilinear Schrödinger equations. Schrödinger equations of this type have been studied as models of several physical phenomena. The nonlinearity here corresponds to the superfluid film equation in plasma physics
Loess–palaeosol sequences in China and Europe: Common values and geoconservation issues

AbstractLoess–palaeosol sequences preserve the most significant continental record of climatic and environmental changes during the Quaternary available for scientific study. The Eurasian loess belt in particular could be regarded as one of the most important Quaternary terrestrial records of climatic and environmental changes on a global scale. The Preliminary stratigraphical correlation has determined that loess sections in south-east Europe and China have, perhaps surprisingly, shown many similarities. Unfortunately, these sites, due to their economic (e.g. agriculture and brickyards) and functional (e.g. remote sections as waste disposal sites) values, share the same (both human-induced and natural) threats and are constantly endangered by numerous causes and could be naturally degraded or permanently exploited as a georesource.Conversely, this valuable segment of Earth's geodiversity has gained much attention within the nature conservation community. There are certain individual attempts to protect and promote loess to the general public, which is the case in China (National Geoparks with protected loess, e.g. Luochuan, Huoshi Chai, Kungdongshan, Jingtai, Yellow River), and also in Serbia and Poland. These could serve as good platform for establishing common strategies towards national and international recognition of important loess sections. Thus, the aim of this study is to provide a preliminary and universal strategy concerning conservation, interpretation and promotion (geotourism) of significant Eurasian loess–palaeosol sequences. Once implemented and tested, they could serve for all similar soft-rock exposures and soils
Reevaluation of Higgs-mediated μ–e transition in the MSSM

AbstractIn this Letter, we reevaluated the Higgs-mediated contribution to μ→eγ, μ→3e, and μ–e conversion in nuclei in the MSSM, assuming left-handed sleptons have flavor-mixing mass terms. Contrary to previous works, it is found that Barr–Zee diagrams including top quark give dominant contribution to μ→eγ, and those including bottom quark and tau lepton are also non-negligible only when tanβ is large. As a result, the Higgs-mediated contribution dominates over the gaugino-mediated contribution at one-loop level in μ→eγ when MSUSY/mA0≳50, irrespectively of tanβ as far as tanβ is not large. Here, MSUSY and mA0 are a typical mass scale of the SUSY particles and the CP-odd Higgs boson mass, respectively. Ratio of branching ratios for μ→eγ and μ–e conversion in nuclei is also evaluated by including both the gaugino- and Higgs-mediated contributions to the processes. It is found that the ratio is sensitive to tanβ and MSUSY/mA0 when MSUSY/mA0∼(10–50) and tanβ≳10
Pseudorapidity dependence of the anisotropic flow of charged particles in Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV

AbstractWe present measurements of the elliptic (v2), triangular (v3) and quadrangular (v4) anisotropic azimuthal flow over a wide range of pseudorapidities (−3.5<η<5). The measurements are performed with Pb–Pb collisions at sNN=2.76 TeV using the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The flow harmonics are obtained using two- and four-particle correlations from nine different centrality intervals covering central to peripheral collisions. We find that the shape of vn(η) is largely independent of centrality for the flow harmonics n=2–4, however the higher harmonics fall off more steeply with increasing |η|. We assess the validity of extended longitudinal scaling of v2 by comparing to lower energy measurements, and find that the higher harmonic flow coefficients are proportional to the charged particle densities at larger pseudorapidities. Finally, we compare our measurements to both hydrodynamical and transport models, and find they both have challenges when it comes to describing our data
All-loop correlators of integrable λ-deformed σ-models

AbstractWe compute the 2- and 3-point functions of currents and primary fields of λ-deformed integrable σ-models characterized also by an integer k. Our results apply for any semisimple group G, for all values of the deformation parameter λ and up to order 1/k. We deduce the OPEs and equal-time commutators of all currents and primaries. We derive the currents' Poisson brackets which assume Rajeev's deformation of the canonical structure of the isotropic PCM, the underlying structure of the integrable λ-deformed σ-models. We also present analogous results in two limiting cases of special interest, namely for the non-Abelian T-dual of the PCM and for the pseudodual model
First observation of the decay B¯s0→D0K⁎0 and a measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(B¯s0→D0K⁎0)B(B¯0→D0ρ0)

AbstractThe first observation of the decay B¯s0→D0K⁎0 using pp data collected by the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb−1, is reported. A signal of 34.4±6.8 events is obtained and the absence of signal is rejected with a statistical significance of more than nine standard deviations. The B¯s0→D0K⁎0 branching fraction is measured relative to that of B¯0→D0ρ0: B(B¯s0→D0K⁎0)B(B¯0→D0ρ0)=1.48±0.34±0.15±0.12, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the uncertainty on the ratio of the B0 and Bs0 hadronisation fractions
The impact of semantically congruent and incongruent visual information on auditory object recognition across development.

The ability to use different sensory signals in conjunction confers numerous advantages on perception. Multisensory perception in adults is influenced by factors beyond low-level stimulus properties such as semantic congruency. Sensitivity to semantic relations has been shown to emerge early in development; however, less is known about whether implementation of these associations changes with development or whether development in the representations themselves might modulate their influence. Here, we used a Stroop-like paradigm that requires participants to identify an auditory stimulus while ignoring a visual stimulus. Prior research shows that in adults visual distractors have more impact on processing of auditory objects than vice versa; however, this pattern appears to be inverted early in development. We found that children from 8 years of age (and adults) gain a speed advantage from semantically congruent visual information and are disadvantaged by semantically incongruent visual information. At 6 years of age, children gain a speed advantage for semantically congruent visual information but are not disadvantaged by semantically incongruent visual information (as compared with semantically unrelated visual information). Both children and adults were influenced by associations between auditory and visual stimuli, which they had been exposed to on only 12 occasions during the learning phase of the study. Adults showed a significant speed advantage over children for well-established associations but showed no such advantage for newly acquired pairings. This suggests that the influence of semantic associations on multisensory processing does not change with age but rather these associations become more robust and, in turn, more influential
Old pre-main-sequence stars. Disc reformation by Bondi-Hoyle accretion

P. Scicluna, G. Rosotti, J. E. Dale, and L. Testi, ???Old pre-main-sequence stars. Disc reformation by Bondi-Hoyle accretion???, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Vol. 566, June 2014. This version of record is available online at: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2014/06/aa23654-14/aa23654-14.html Reproduced with Permission from Astronomy and Astrophysics, ?? ESO 2014.Young stars show evidence of accretion discs which evolve quickly and disperse with an e-folding time of ~3 Myr. This is in striking contrast with recent observations that suggest evidence of numerous >30 Myr old stars with an accretion disc in large star-forming complexes. We consider whether these observations of apparently old accretors could be explained by invoking Bondi-Hoyle accretion to rebuild a new disc around these stars during passage through a clumpy molecular cloud. We combine a simple Monte Carlo model to explore the capture of mass by such systems with a viscous evolution model to infer the levels of accretion that would be observed. We find that a significant fraction of stars may capture enough material via the Bondi-Hoyle mechanism to rebuild a disc of mass ???1 minimum-mass solar nebula, and ???10% accrete at observable levels at any given time. A significant fraction of the observed old accretors may be explained with our proposed mechanism. Such accretion may provide a chance for a second epoch of planet formation, and have unpredictable consequences for planetary evolution
Measurement of the cross section and angular correlations for associated production of a Z boson with b hadrons in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A study of proton-proton collisions in which two b hadrons are produced in association with a Z boson is reported. The collisions were recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of 7TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC, for an integrated luminosity of 5:2 fb-1. The b hadrons are identified by means of displaced secondary vertices, without the use of reconstructed jets, permitting the study of b-hadron pair production at small angular separation. Differential cross sections are presented as a function of the angular separation of the b hadrons and the Z boson. In addition, inclusive measurements are presented. For both the inclusive and differential studies, different ranges of Z boson momentum are considered, and each measurement is compared to the predictions from different event generators at leading-order and next-to-leading-order accuracy. Copyright CERN.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Measurement of the t-channel single-top-quark production cross section and of the |Vtb| CKM matrix element in pp collisions at √S = 8 TeV

Measurements are presented of the t-channel single-top-quark production cross section in proton-proton collisions at √S = 8 TeV. The results are based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb -1 recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. The cross section is measured inclusively, as well as separately for top (t) and antitop t̄, in final states with a muon or an electron. The measured inclusive t-channel cross section is σ t-ch. = 83.6 ± 2.3 (stat.) ± 7.4 (syst.) pb. The single t and t̄ cross sections are measured to be σ t-ch.(t) = 53.8 ± 1.5 (stat.) ± 4.4 (syst.) pb and σ t-ch. t̄= 27.6 ± 1.3 (stat.) ± 3.7 (syst.) pb, respectively. The measured ratio of cross sections is R t-ch. = σ t-ch.(t)/σ t-ch. t̄ = 1.95 ± 0.10 (stat.) ± 0.19 (syst.), in agreement with the standard model prediction. The modulus of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element V tb is extracted and, in combination with a previous CMS result at √S = 7 TeV, a value |V tb| = 0.998 ± 0.038 (exp.) ± 0.016 (theo.) is obtained. [Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2014 The Author(s).The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Charge-Stripe Order and Superconductivity in $\mathrm{Ir_{1-x}Pt_xTe_2}$

A combined resistivity and hard x-ray diffraction study of superconductivity
and charge ordering in $\mathrm{Ir_{1-x}Pt_xTe_2}$, as a function of Pt
substitution and externally applied hydrostatic pressure, is presented.
Experiments are focused on samples near the critical composition $x_c\sim
0.045$ where competition and switching between charge order and
superconductivity is established. We show that charge order as a function of
pressure in $\mathrm{Ir_{0.95}Pt_{0.05}Te_{2}}$ is preempted - and hence
triggered - by a structural transition. Charge ordering appears uniaxially
along the short crystallographic (1,0,1) domain axis with a
$\mathrm{(\frac{1}{5},0,\frac{1}{5})}$ modulation. Based on these results we
draw a charge-order phase diagram and discuss the relation between stripe
ordering and superconductivity.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures: Accepted in Scientific Report
The transcription elongation factor NusA is required for stressinduced mutagenesis in Escherichia coli

Stress-induced mutagenesis describes the accumulation of mutations that occur in nongrowing cells, in contrast to mutagenesis that occurs in actively dividing populations, and has been referred to as stationary-phase or adaptive mutagenesis. The most widely studied system for stress-induced mutagenesis involves monitoring the appearance of Lac+ revertants of the strain FC40 under starvation conditions in Escherichia coli. The SOS-inducible translesion DNA polymerase DinB plays an important role in this phenomenon. Loss of DinB (DNA pol IV) function results in a severe reduction of Lac+ revertants. We previously reported that NusA, an essential component of elongating RNA polymerases, interacts with DinB. Here we report our unexpected observation that wild-type NusA function is required for stress-induced mutagenesis. We present evidence that this effect is unlikely to be due to defects in transcription of lac genes but rather is due to an inability to adapt and mutate in response to environmental stress. Furthermore, we extended our analysis to the formation of stress-induced mutants in response to antibiotic treatment, observing the same striking abolition of mutagenesis under entirely different conditions. Our results are the first to implicate NusA as a crucial participant in the phenomenon of stress-induced mutagenesis.National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant CA21615)National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grant P30 ES002109
Susi, a negative regulator of Drosophila PI3-kinase.

The Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Protein Kinase B (PI3K/PKB) signaling pathway controls growth, metabolism, and lifespan in animals, and deregulation of its activity is associated with diabetes and cancer in humans. Here, we describe Susi, a coiled-coil domain protein that acts as a negative regulator of insulin signaling in Drosophila. Whereas loss of Susi function increases body size, overexpression of Susi reduces growth. We provide genetic evidence that Susi negatively regulates dPI3K activity. Susi directly binds to dP60, the regulatory subunit of dPI3K. Since Susi has no overt similarity to known inhibitors of PI3K/PKB signaling, it defines a novel mechanism by which this signaling cascade is kept in check. The fact that Susi is expressed in a circadian rhythm, with highest levels during the night, suggests that Susi attenuates insulin signaling during the fasting period
Search for a W′ boson decaying to a muon and a neutrino in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV

A new heavy gauge boson, W′, decaying to a muon and a neutrino, is searched for in pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. The data, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, correspond to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb−1. No significant excess of events above the standard model expectation is found in the transverse mass distribution of the muon–neutrino system. Masses below 1.40 TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level for a sequential standard-model-like W′. The W′ mass lower limit increases to 1.58 TeV when the present analysis is combined with the CMS result for the electron channe
The Effects of Detailing on Prescribing Decisions under Quality Uncertainty

We develop a structural model of detailing and prescribing
decisions under an environment where detailing helps physicians obtain the current information sets about drug qualities.  Our model assumes that a representative opinion leader is responsible for updating the prior belief about the quality of drugs via patients' experiences, and manufacturers use detailing as a means to build/maintain
the measure of physicians who are informed of the current
information sets.  We estimate our model using data on sales, prices, and detailing minutes at the product level for ACE-inhibitor with diuretic in Canada.  We quantify the marginal impact of detailing on current demand at different points in time, and demonstrate how it depends on the measure of well-informed physicians and the information sets.  Furthermore, we conduct a policy experiment to examine how a public awareness campaign, which encourages physicians/patients to report their drug experiences, would affect managerial incentives to detail.
Enterprise modeling:process and REA value chain perspective

The paper focuses on enterprise business value chain modeling as an alternative to business process modeling. Well known REA methodology proposed by McCarthy and Geerts is used as the basic modeling framework. The research presented in the paper results in a generic semantic enterprise model using REA ontology. This rather static model is then converted into UML activity, sequence and state diagrams thus achieving dynamic view of the REA model. The dynamic REA view connects the process model and the value chain perspectives. It is shown that by using REA model transition called dynamization not only process models at task level can be achieved but also a consistency check of the REA model can be accomplished. By means of step by step value chain modeling of the enterprise a consistent process model can be reached preserving all advantages of the typical business process modeling methods
Dove or Hawk? characterizing monetary regime switches during financial liberalization in India

The last decade has seen a worldwide move by emerging markets to adopt explicit or implicit inflation targeting regimes. A notable and often discussed exception to this trend, of course, is China which follows pegged exchange rate regime supported by capital controls. Another major exception is India. It is not clear how to characterize the monetary regime or identify the nominal monetary anchor in India. Is central bank policy in India following a predictable rule that is heavily influenced by a quasi inflation target? To address this point, we investigate monetary policy regime change in India using a Markov switching model to estimate a time-varying Taylor-type rule for the Reserve Bank of India. We find that the conduct of monetary policy over the last two decades can be characterized by two regimes, which we term ‘hawk’ and ‘dove.’ In the first of these regimes, the central bank reveals a greater relative (though not absolute) weight on controlling inflation vis-à-vis narrowing the output gap. The central bank was in the “dove” regime about half of the sample period, during these episodes focusing more on the output gap and exchange rate targets to stimulate exports, rather than on moderating inflation. India is following its own direction in the conduct of monetary policy, seemingly not overly influenced by the emphasis on quasi-inflation targeting seen in many emerging markets.
Do faith-inspired health care providers in Africa reach the poor more than other providers?

Faith-inspired institutions (FIIs) commonly have as their stated mission a desire to provide quality health services to all, and in particular a commitment to serve the poor, for example, by providing services in remote areas where there are none, or by making services more affordable for those in need. Yet it is unclear whether they are able to fulfil this commitment in the current contexts in which they operate – for example by serving the poor proportionately more than other (wealthier) households, or being utilized by the poor more than other providers. Using data from 14 recent nationally representative household surveys in Africa, this paper suggests that when compared with public providers on a broad macro scale, FIIs currently tend to serve the poor slightly less than other population groups. The data also suggest that on average, beyond differences between countries, FIIs do not serve the poor proportionately more than public providers (the most relevant comparison, given that non-religious for-profit private providers tend to be more oriented towards serving wealthier groups). This does not mean that FIIs do not make special efforts to reach the poor, for example by subsidizing them in order to make services more affordable. However, it suggests that in current African health contexts, FIIs may no longer be that different from public providers in the clientele they serve.