pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Wrapping effects in supersymmetric gauge theories

Several perturbative computations of finite-size effects, performed on the
gauge side of the AdS/CFT correspondence by means of superspace techniques, are
presented. First, wrapping effects are analyzed in the standard N = 4 theory,
by means of the calculation of the four-loop anomalous dimension of the Konishi
operator. Then, a similar computation at five loops is described. Afterwards,
finite-size effects are studied in the beta-deformed case, where thanks to the
reduced number of supersymmetries the simpler class of single-impurity
operators can be considered, so that the leading corrections to the anomalous
dimensions at generic order can be reduced to the computation of a class of
integrals. Explicit results are given up to eleven loops. A further chapter is
dedicated to the computation of the leading finite-size effects on operators
dual to open strings. In the end, some comments are made and proposals for
future developments are discussed.Comment: Ph.D. thesi
Noncommutative Geometry as a Framework for Unification of all
  Fundamental Interactions including Gravity. Part I

We examine the hypothesis that space-time is a product of a continuous
four-dimensional manifold times a finite space. A new tensorial notation is
developed to present the various constructs of noncommutative geometry. In
particular, this notation is used to determine the spectral data of the
standard model. The particle spectrum with all of its symmetries is derived,
almost uniquely, under the assumption of irreducibility and of dimension 6
modulo 8 for the finite space. The reduction from the natural symmetry group
SU(2)xSU(2)xSU(4) to U(1)xSU(2)xSU(3) is a consequence of the hypothesis that
the two layers of space-time are finite distance apart but is non-dynamical.
The square of the Dirac operator, and all geometrical invariants that appear in
the calculation of the heat kernel expansion are evaluated. We re-derive the
leading order terms in the spectral action. The geometrical action yields
unification of all fundamental interactions including gravity at very high
energies. We make the following predictions: (i) The number of fermions per
family is 16. (ii) The symmetry group is U(1)xSU(2)xSU(3). (iii) There are
quarks and leptons in the correct representations. (iv) There is a doublet
Higgs that breaks the electroweak symmetry to U(1). (v) Top quark mass of
170-175 Gev. (v) There is a right-handed neutrino with a see-saw mechanism.
Moreover, the zeroth order spectral action obtained with a cut-off function is
consistent with experimental data up to few percent. We discuss a number of
open issues. We prepare the ground for computing higher order corrections since
the predicted mass of the Higgs field is quite sensitive to the higher order
corrections. We speculate on the nature of the noncommutative space at
Planckian energies and the possible role of the fundamental group for the
problem of generations.Comment: 56 page
Lectures on Generalized Complex Geometry for Physicists

In these lectures we review Generalized Complex Geometry and discuss two main
applications to string theory: the description of supersymmetric flux
compactifications and the supersymmetric embedding of D-branes. We start by
reviewing G-structures, and in particular SU(3)-structure and its torsion
classes, before extending to Generalized Complex Geometry. We then discuss the
supersymmetry conditions of type II supergravity in terms of differential
conditions on pure spinors, and finally introduce generalized calibrations to
describe D-branes. As examples we discuss in some detail AdS4
compactifications, which play a role as the geometric duals in the
AdS4/CFT3-correspondence.Comment: 94 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, lectures Sogang University August 2007
  and Modave Summer School September 2008, v2: references adde
Anomaly Mediation in Superstring Theory

We study anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking in type IIB string theory
and use our results to test the supergravity formula for anomaly mediated
gaugino masses. We compute 1-loop gaugino masses for models of D3-branes on
orbifold singularities with 3-form fluxes by calculating the annulus correlator
of 3-form flux and two gauginos in the zero momentum limit. Consistent with
supergravity expectations we find both anomalous and running contributions to
1-loop gaugino masses. For background Neveu-Schwarz H-flux we find an exact
match with the supergravity formula. For Ramond-Ramond flux there is an
off-shell ambiguity that precludes a full matching. The anomaly mediated
gaugino masses, while determined by the infrared spectrum, arise from an
explicit sum over UV open string winding modes. We also calculate
brane-to-brane tree-level gravity mediated gaugino masses and show that there
are two contributions coming from the dilaton and from the twisted modes, which
are suppressed by the full T^6 volume and the untwisted T^2 volume
respectively.Comment: 82 pages, 4 figure
Generalized Geometry and Partial Supersymmetry Breaking

This review article consists of two parts. In the first part we use the
formalism of (exceptional) generalized geometry to derive the scalar field
space of SU(2)xSU(2)-structure compactifications. We show that in contrast to
SU(3)xSU(3) structures, there is no dynamical SU(2)xSU(2) structure
interpolating between an SU(2) structure and an identity structure.
Furthermore, we derive the scalar manifold of the low-energy effective action
for consistent Kaluza-Klein truncations as expected from N=4 supergravity.
  In the second part we then determine the general conditions for the existence
of stable Minkowski and AdS N=1 vacua in spontaneously broken gauged N=2
supergravities and construct the general solution under the assumption that two
appropriate commuting isometries exist in the hypermultiplet sector.
Furthermore, we derive the low-energy effective action below the scale of
partial supersymmetry breaking and show that it satisfies the constraints of
N=1 supergravity. We then apply the discussion to special quaternionic-Kahler
geometries which appear in the low-energy limit of SU(3)xSU(3)-structure
compactifications and construct Killing vectors with the right properties.
Finally we discuss the string theory realizations for these solutions.Comment: 117 pages, Ph.D. thesis (Advisor: Jan Louis); v2: references adde
On the computation of non-perturbative effective potentials in the
  string theory landscape -- IIB/F-theory perspective

We discuss a number of issues arising when computing non-perturbative effects
systematically across the string theory landscape. In particular, we cast the
study of fairly generic physical properties into the language of
computability/number theory and show that this amounts to solving systems of
diophantine equations. In analogy to the negative solution to Hilbert's 10th
problem, we argue that in such systematic studies there may be no algorithm by
which one can determine all physical effects. We take large volume type IIB
compactifications as an example, with the physical property of interest being
the low-energy non-perturbative F-terms of a generic compactification. A
similar analysis is expected to hold for other kinds of string vacua, and we
discuss in particular the extension of our ideas to F-theory. While these
results imply that it may not be possible to answer systematically certain
physical questions about generic type IIB compactifications, we identify
particular Calabi-Yau manifolds in which the diophantine equations become
linear, and thus can be systematically solved. As part of the study of the
required systematics of F-terms, we develop technology for computing Z_2
equivariant line bundle cohomology on toric varieties, which determines the
presence of particular instanton zero modes via the Koszul complex. This is of
general interest for realistic IIB model building on complete intersections in
toric ambient spaces.Comment: 52 pages. v2: Added refs, fixed typo
Quantum flavor oscillations extended to the Dirac theory

This report deals with the quantum theory of flavor oscillations in vacuum,
extended to fermionic particles in the several subtle aspects of the first and
second quantization theories. In this scenario, the use of the Dirac equation
is required for a satisfactory evolution of fermionic mass-eigenstates since in
the standard treatment of oscillations the mass-eigenstates are implicitly
assumed to be scalars and, consequently, the spinorial form of neutrino wave
functions is not included in the calculations. Within first quantized theories,
besides flavor oscillations, chiral oscillations automatically appear when we
set the dynamic equations for a fermionic Dirac-type particle. The left-handed
chiral nature of created and detected neutrinos can be implemented in the first
quantized Dirac theory in presence of mixing; the probability loss due to the
changing of initially left-handed neutrinos to the undetected right-handed
neutrinos can be obtained in analytic form. In the context of a causal
relativistic theory of a free particle, one of the two effects should be
present in flavor oscillations: (a) rapid oscillations or (b) initial flavor
violation. Concerning second quantized approaches, a simple second quantized
treatment exhibits a tiny but inevitable initial flavor violation without the
possibility of rapid oscillations. Such effect is a consequence of an
intrinsically indefinite but approximately well defined neutrino flavor. The
violation effects are shown to be much larger than loop induced lepton flavor
violation processes, already present in the standard model in the presence of
massive neutrinos with mixing. The conclusions of this report lead to lessons
concerning flavor mixing, chiral oscillations, interference between positive
and negative frequency components of Dirac equation solutions, and the field
formulation of quantum oscillations.Comment: 116 pages, 10 figures (The abstract was suppressed due to online
  title limitations of the abstract field. See the manuscript for obtaining the
  complete abstract
DWSB for heterotic flux compactifications

We investigate the construction of non-supersymmetric vacua in
compactifications of heterotic string theory with intrinsic torsion and
background fluxes. We do this by using the technique of domain-wall
supersymmetry breaking (DWSB) that was developed in the context of type II
compactifications. By means of a scalar potential we derive conditions on the
compactification manifold that must hold in order to satisfy the equations of
motion up to order alpha'.Comment: 5 pages, to appear in "Proceedings of the XVIth European Workshop on
  String Theory", Madrid, June 2010, to be published in Fortsch. Phy
Symplectic gaugings and the field-antifield formalism

We give an example of how conventional gauging methods obstruct a systematic
analysis of gauged supergravities. We discuss how the embedding tensor
formalism deals with these problems and argue that the gauge algebra related to
the embedding tensor formalism is soft, open and reducible. We connect the
embedding tensor formalism to the field-antifield (or Batalin-Vilkovisky)
formalism, which is the most general formulation known for gauge theories.Comment: Contribution to the Proceedings of the XVIth European Workshop on
  String Theory in Madrid (June 14-18, 2010), 10 page
Charged Dilatonic Black Holes and their Transport Properties

We briefly explain the consistency conditions imposed on the effective
holographic theories, which are parameterized by two real exponents
$(\gamma,\delta)$ that control the IR dynamics. The general scaling of DC
resistivity with temperature at low temperature and AC conductivity at low
frequency across the whole $(\gamma,\delta)$ plane are explained. There is a
codimension-one region where the DC resistivity is linear in the temperature.
For massive carriers, it is shown that when the scalar operator is not the
dilaton, the DC resistivity scales as the heat capacity (and entropy) for
$(2+1)$-dimensional systems. Regions are identified where the theory at finite
density is a Mott-like insulator. This contribution is based on arXiv:1005.4690
with emphasis on the transport properties of charged dilatonic black holes with
potential.Comment: 6 pages and 6 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the XVIth
  European Workshop on String Theory, Madrid, Spain, June 14-18 201
Strange Metallic Behaviour and the Thermodynamics of Charged Dilatonic
  Black Holes

We review a recent holographic analysis arXiv:1005.4690 of charged black
holes with scalar hair in view of their applications to the cuprate high
temperature superconductors. We show in particular that these black holes show
an interesting phase structure including critical behaviour at zero temperature
or charge, describe both conductors and insulators (including holographic
Mott-like insulators), generically have no residual entropy and exhibit
experimentally observed scaling relations between electronic entropy, specific
heat and (linear) DC resistivity. Transport properties are discussed in the
companion contribution to these proceedings.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, to appear in "Proceedings of the XVIth European
  Workshop on String Theory", Madrid, June 2010, to be published in Fortsch.
  Phy
Free Energy of ABJM Theory

The free energy of ABJM theory has previously been computed in the strong and
weak coupling limits. In this note, we report on results for the computation of
the first non-vanishing quantum correction to the free energy, from the field
theory side. The correction can be expressed in terms of a thermal mass for the
scalar fields. This mass vanishes to 1-loop order, but there is a non-vanishing
result to 2-loop order. Hence, the leading correction to the free energy is
non-analytic in the 't Hooft coupling constant lambda. The reason is that the
infrared divergences necessitate a resummation of ring diagrams and a related
reorganization of perturbation theory, in which already the leading correction
receives contributions from all orders in lambda. These results suggest that
the free energy interpolates smoothly between weak and strong coupling.Comment: 6 pages. Contribution to the proceedings of the 16th European
  Workshop on String Theory 2010, Real Jardin Botanico, Madrid, 14-18 June 201
Amplitudes and Ultraviolet Behavior of N=8 Supergravity

In this contribution we describe computational tools that permit the
evaluation of multi-loop scattering amplitudes in N=8 supergravity, in terms of
amplitudes in N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory. We also discuss the remarkable
ultraviolet behavior of N=8 supergravity, which follows from these amplitudes,
and is as good as that of N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory through at least four
loops.Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Talk presented at XVIth European
  Workshop on String Theory, Madrid, June, 2010. v2: minor typos fixe
Superstring cosmology for N_4 = 1 -> 0 superstring vacua

We study the cosmology of perturbative heterotic superstring theory during
the radiation-like era for semi-realistic backgrounds with initial $\N=1$
supersymmetry. This analysis is valid for times after the Hagedorn era (or
alternatively inflation era) but before the electroweak symmetry breaking
transition. We find an attraction to a radiation-like era with the ratio of the
supersymmetry breaking scale to temperature stabilized. This provides a
dynamical mechanism for setting the supersymmetry breaking scale and its
corresponding hierarchy with the Planck scale. For the internal space, we find
that orbifold directions never decompactify, while toroidal directions may
decompactify only when they are wrapped by certain geometrical fluxes which
break supersymmetry. This suggests a mechanism for generating spatial
directions during the radiation-like era. Moreover, we show that certain moduli
may be stabilized during the radiation-like era with masses near the
supersymmetry breaking scale. In addition, the moduli do not dominate at late
times, thus avoiding the cosmological moduli problem.Comment: 54 pages, 3 figure
Holographic insights and puzzles

The talk is composed of two parts, both set within the AdS/CFT context. In
the first part, I discuss holographic insight into strongly coupled field
theory in a black hole background. I conjecture two new gravitational
solutions, dubbed black funnels and black droplets, which describe two distinct
deconfined phases in the field theory at finite temperature. I also briefly
mention puzzles associated with an analogous set-up in a rotating black hole
background. In the second part of the talk, I discuss time-dependent states in
a CFT on flat spacetime background, exemplified by the conformal soliton flow.
Here I focus on puzzles regarding the nature of entropy in time-evolving states
and its holographic dual.Comment: 23 pages, 9 figures; prepared for the Proceedings of the XVIth
  European Workshop on String Theory, Madrid, Spain, June 14-18 201
De Sitter hunting in a classical landscape

We elaborate on the construction of de Sitter solutions from IIA orientifolds
of SU(3)-structure manifolds that solve the 10-dimensional equations of motion
at tree-level in the approximation of smeared sources. First we classify
geometries that are orbifolds of a group manifold covering space which, upon
the proper inclusion of O6 planes, can be described within the framework of N=1
supergravity in 4D. Then we scan systematically for de Sitter solutions,
obtained as critical points of an effective 4D potential. Apart from finding
many new solutions we emphasize the challenges in constructing explicit
classical de Sitter vacua, which have sofar not been met. These challenges are
interesting avenues for further research and include finding solutions that are
perturbatively stable, satisfy charge and flux quantization, and have genuine
localized (versus smeared) orientifold sources. This paper intends to be
self-contained and pedagogical, and thus can serve as a guide to the necessary
technical tools required for this line of research. In an appendix we explain
how to study flux and charge quantization in the presence of a non-trivial
H-field using twisted homology.Comment: 50 pages, 3 figure
Axial anomalies of Lifshitz fermions

We compute the axial anomaly of a Lifshitz fermion theory with anisotropic
scaling z=3 which is minimally coupled to geometry in 3+1 space-time
dimensions. We find that the result is identical to the relativistic case using
path integral methods. An independent verification is provided by showing with
spectral methods that the eta-invariant of the Dirac and Lifshitz fermion
operators in three dimensions are equal. Thus, by the integrated form of the
anomaly, the index of the Dirac operator still accounts for the possible
breakdown of chiral symmetry in non-relativistic theories of gravity. We apply
this framework to the recently constructed gravitational instanton backgrounds
of Horava-Lifshitz theory and find that the index is non-zero provided that the
space-time foliation admits leaves with harmonic spinors. Using Hitchin's
construction of harmonic spinors on Berger spheres, we obtain explicit results
for the index of the fermion operator on all such gravitational instanton
backgrounds with SU(2)xU(1) isometry. In contrast to the instantons of Einstein
gravity, chiral symmetry breaking becomes possible in the unimodular phase of
Horava-Lifshitz theory arising at lambda = 1/3 provided that the volume of
space is bounded from below by the ratio of the Ricci to Cotton tensor
couplings raised to the third power. Some other aspects of the anomalies in
non-relativistic quantum field theories are also discussed.Comment: 114 pages, 6 figures; minor improvements made in v2 (version to
  appear in Fortschritte der Physik
Yukawa couplings in F-theory SU(5)

The fermion mass textures are discussed in the context of F-theory SU(5) GUT.
The tree-level up, down and charged lepton Yukawa couplings are computed in
terms of the integrals of overlapping wavefunctions at the intersection points
of three matter curves. All remaining entries in the fermion mass matrices can
also be reliably estimated from higher order non-renormalizable Yukawa
couplings mediated by heavy string modes and/or Kaluza-Klein states.Comment: 4 pages, to appear in the proceedings of 10th Hellenic School and
  Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity (CORFU2010), Corfu,
  Greece, 29 Aug - 19 Sep 201
Warped 5D Standard Model Consistent with EWPT

For a 5D Standard Model propagating in an AdS background with an IR localized
Higgs, compatibility of bulk KK gauge modes with EWPT yields a
phenomenologically unappealing KK spectrum (m > 12.5 TeV) and leads to a
"little hierarchy problem". For a bulk Higgs the solution to the hierarchy
problem reduces the previous bound only by sqrt(3). As a way out, models with
an enhanced bulk gauge symmetry SU(2)_R x U(1)_(B-L) were proposed. In this
note we describe a much simpler (5D Standard) Model, where introduction of an
enlarged gauge symmetry is no longer required. It is based on a warped
gravitational background which departs from AdS at the IR brane and a bulk
propagating Higgs. The model is consistent with EWPT for a range of KK masses
within the LHC reach.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Based on talk given by M. Quiros at the Workshop
  on the Standard Model and Beyond - Cosmology, Corfu Summer Institute, Greece,
  August 29 - September 5, 201
Towards classification of SO(10) heterotic string vacua

We report some recent progress towards classification of phenomenologically
appealing heterotic string models in the Free Fermionic Formulation. We focus
on a class of Z2xZ2 models with SO(10) space-time gauge symmetry and study
their main phenomenological aspects. We further consider reducing the gauge
symmetry to the Pati-Salam gauge group SU(4)XSU(2)_LxSU(2)_R and impose a
series of phenomenological constraints including the existence of gauge
symmetry breaking Higgs particles and the elimination of exotic fractionally
charged states.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, To appear in the proceedings of 10th Hellenic
  School and Workshops on Elementary Particle Physics and Gravity (CORFU2010),
  Corfu, Greece, 29 Aug - 19 Sep 201
Flavour violating up-squark decays at LHC

We study the effect of squark generation mixing on squark production and
decays at the LHC in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We show
that the effect can be very large despite the very strong constraints on quark
flavour violation (QFV) from experimental data on B mesons. We find that the
two lightest up-type squarks ${\tilde u}_{1,2}$ can have large branching ratios
for the decays into $c {\tilde\chi_1^0}$ and $t {\tilde\chi_1^0}$ at the same
time, leading to QFV signals '$p p \to c \bar t\, (t \bar c)$ + missing-$E_T$ +
$X$' with a significant rate. The observation of this remarkable signature
would provide a powerful test of supersymmetric QFV at LHC. This could have a
significant impact on the search for squarks and the determination of the
underlying MSSM parameters.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the proceedings of "School and
  Workshops on the Standard Model and Beyond - Cosmology", Corfu, August 29 -
  September 5, 2010. To appear in Fd
Generalised Geometry and type II Supergravity

Ten-dimensional type II supergravity can be reformulated as a generalised
geometrical analogue of Einstein gravity, defined by an $O(9,1)\times
O(1,9)\subset O(10,10)\times\mathbb{R}^+$ structure on the generalised tangent
space. To leading order in the fermion fields, this allow one to rewrite the
action, equations of motion and supersymmetry variations in a simple,
manifestly $Spin(9,1)\times Spin(1,9)$-covariant form.Comment: 5 pages, contribution to the proceedings of the XVII European
  Workshop on String Theory 2011, Padua, Italy, to appear in Fortschritte der
  Physi