pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Search for new phenomena in the WW→lνl′ν′ final state in pp collisions at s=7TeV with the ATLAS detector

AbstractThis Letter reports a search for a heavy particle that decays to WW using events produced in pp collisions at s=7TeV. The data were recorded in 2011 by the ATLAS detector and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.7 fb−1. WW→ℓνℓ′ν′ (ℓ,ℓ′=e or μ) final states are considered and the distribution of the transverse mass of the WW candidates is found to be consistent with Standard Model expectations. Upper limits on the production cross section times branching ratio into W boson pairs are set for Randall–Sundrum and bulk Randall–Sundrum gravitons, which result in observed 95% CL lower limits on the masses of the two particles of 1.23 TeV and 0.84 TeV, respectively
Multiplicity dependence of charged pion, kaon, and (anti)proton production at large transverse momentum in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV

AbstractThe production of charged pions, kaons and (anti)protons has been measured at mid-rapidity (−0.5<y<0) in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV using the ALICE detector at the LHC. Exploiting particle identification capabilities at high transverse momentum (pT), the previously published pT spectra have been extended to include measurements up to 20 GeV/c for seven event multiplicity classes. The pT spectra for pp collisions at s=7 TeV, needed to interpolate a pp reference spectrum, have also been extended up to 20 GeV/c to measure the nuclear modification factor (RpPb) in non-single diffractive p–Pb collisions.At intermediate transverse momentum (2<pT<10 GeV/c) the proton-to-pion ratio increases with multiplicity in p–Pb collisions, a similar effect is not present in the kaon-to-pion ratio. The pT dependent structure of such increase is qualitatively similar to those observed in pp and heavy-ion collisions. At high pT (>10 GeV/c), the particle ratios are consistent with those reported for pp and Pb–Pb collisions at the LHC energies.At intermediate pT the (anti)proton RpPb shows a Cronin-like enhancement, while pions and kaons show little or no nuclear modification. At high pT the charged pion, kaon and (anti)proton RpPb are consistent with unity within statistical and systematic uncertainties
Interpreting W mass measurements in the SMEFT

AbstractMeasurements of the W± mass (mW) provide an important consistency check of the Standard Model (SM) and constrain the possibility of physics beyond the SM. Precision measurements of mW at hadron colliders are inferred from kinematic distributions of transverse variables. We examine how this inference is modified when considering the presence of physics beyond the SM expressed in terms of local contact operators. We show that Tevatron measurements of mW using transverse variables are transparent and applicable as consistent constraints in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) with small measurement bias. This means that the leading challenge to interpreting these measurements in the SMEFT is the pure theoretical uncertainty in how these measurements are mapped to Lagrangian parameters. We stress the need to avoid using naive combinations of Tevatron and LEPII measurements of mW without the introduction of any SMEFT theoretical error to avoid implicit UV assumptions
Green’s formula and singularity at a triple contact line. Example of finite-displacement solution

AbstractThe various equations at the surfaces and triple contact lines of a deformable body are obtained from a variational condition, by applying Green’s formula in the whole space and on the Riemannian surfaces. The surface equations are similar to the Cauchy’s equations for the volume, but involve a special definition of the ‘divergence’ (tensorial product of the covariant derivatives on the surface and the whole space). The normal component of the divergence equation generalizes the Laplace’s equation for a fluid–fluid interface. Assuming that Green’s formula remains valid at the contact line (despite the singularity), two equations are obtained at this line. The first one expresses that the fluid–fluid surface tension is equilibrated by the two surface stresses (and not by the volume stresses of the body) and suggests a finite displacement at this line (contrary to the infinite-displacement solution of classical elasticity, in which the surface properties are not taken into account). The second equation represents a strong modification of Young’s capillary equation. The validity of Green’s formula and the existence of a finite-displacement solution are justified with an explicit example of finite-displacement solution in the simple case of a half-space elastic solid bounded by a plane. The solution satisfies the contact line equations and its elastic energy is finite (whereas it is infinite for the classical elastic solution). The strain tensor components generally have different limits when approaching the contact line under different directions. Although Green’s formula cannot be directly applied, because the stress tensor components do not belong to the Sobolev space H1(V), it is shown that this formula remains valid. As a consequence, there is no contribution of the volume stresses at the contact line. The validity of Green’s formula plays a central role in the theory
Gauss–Bonnet gravitational baryogenesis

AbstractIn this letter we study some variant forms of gravitational baryogenesis by using higher order terms containing the partial derivative of the Gauss–Bonnet scalar coupled to the baryonic current. This scenario extends the well known theory that uses a similar coupling between the Ricci scalar and the baryonic current. One appealing feature of the scenario we study is that the predicted baryon asymmetry during a radiation domination era is non-zero. We calculate the baryon to entropy ratio for the Gauss–Bonnet term and by using the observational constraints we investigate which are the allowed forms of the R+F(G) gravity controlling the evolution. Also we briefly discuss some alternative higher order terms that can generate a non-zero baryon asymmetry, even in the conformal invariance limit
Extended Jackiw–Pi model and its supersymmetrization

AbstractWe present an extended version of the so-called Jackiw–Pi (JP) model in three dimensions, and perform its supersymmetrization. Our field content has three multiplets: (i) Yang–Mills vector multiplet (AμI,λI), (ii) Parity-odd extra vector multiplet (BμI,χI), and (iii) Scalar multiplet (CI,ρI;fI). The bosonic fields in these multiplets are the same as the original JP-model, except for the auxiliary field fI which is new, while the fermions λI, χI and ρI are their super-partners. The basic difference from the original JP-model is the presence of the kinetic term for CI with its modified field-strength HμI≡DμCI+mBμI. The inclusion of the CI-kinetic term is to comply with the recently-developed tensor hierarchy formulation for supersymmetrization
Lithological controls on the deformation mechanisms operating within carbonate-hosted faults during the seismic cycle

AbstractA significant proportion of moderate-large earthquakes, plus aftershocks, nucleate within and propagate through upper-crustal carbonate-dominated sequences, where the effects of lithological variations on fault behaviour are poorly understood. The Gubbio fault is an active (1984, Ms=5.2) normal fault in Italy, hosted in Mesozoic–Cenozoic limestones and interbedded marls. Fault core domains derived from limestone at the studied outcrop are characterised by fractures/hydrofractures and breccias and host a number of localised (<1.5mm wide) principal slip zones (PSZs). The majority of displacement of up to 230m is concentrated in these PSZs, which comprise cataclasites, gouges, and calcite veins. Degassing bubbles, ‘quenched’ calcite, and the transformation of smectite to illite, are also observed within PSZs, implying frictional heating and seismic slip. In contrast, marl-rich domains exhibit distributed shear planes bounding a continuous and pervasive foliation, defined by phyllosilicate-rich pressure-solution seams. Microstructures in the seams include folds/kinks of phyllosilicates and pressure shadows around clasts, consistent with aseismic fault creep. A model is proposed for the behaviour of lithologically complex carbonate-hosted faults during the seismic cycle, whereby limestone-dominated fault core domains behave in a predominantly seismic manner, whereas phyllosilicate-rich domains behave in a predominantly aseismic manner
Production of Ds∗∗ mesons in hadronic Z decays

AbstractThe production rates of the orbitally excited Ds∗∗ mesons, Ds1± and Ds2∗±, are measured with the 4.1 million hadronic Z decays recorded by the ALEPH detector during 1991–1995. The Ds∗∗ mesons are reconstructed in the decay modes Ds1+→D∗+K0, Ds1+→D∗0K+ and Ds2∗+→D0K+. The production rate of the Ds1± is measured to be f(Z→Ds1±)=(0.52±0.09±0.06)%, under the assumption that the two considered decay modes of the Ds1± saturate the branching ratio. The production rate of the Ds2∗± is determined to be fZ→Ds2∗±=0.83±0.29+0.07−0.13%, assuming that the branching fraction of the decay Ds2∗+→D0K+ is 45%. The production rates in Z→cc̄ and Z→bb̄ decays are measured separately
Detailed comparison of the pp→π+pn and pp→π+d reactions at 951 MeV

AbstractThe positively charged pions produced in proton–proton collisions at a beam momentum of 1640 MeV/c were measured in the forward direction with a high resolution magnetic spectrograph. The missing mass distribution shows the bound state (deuteron) clearly separated from the pn continuum. Despite the very good resolution, there is no evidence for any significant production of the pn system in the spin-singlet state. However, the σ(pp→π+pn)/σ(pp→π+d) cross section ratio is about twice as large as that predicted from S-wave final-state-interaction theory and it is suggested that this is due to D-state effects in the pn system
Remediation of a historically Pb contaminated soil using a model natural Mn oxide waste

AbstractA natural Mn oxide (NMO) waste was assessed as an in situ remediation amendment for Pb contaminated sites. The viability of this was investigated using a 10month lysimeter trial, wherein a historically Pb contaminated soil was amended with a 10% by weight model NMO. The model NMO was found to have a large Pb adsorption capacity (qmax 346±14mgg−1). However, due to the heterogeneous nature of the Pb contamination in the soils (3650.54–9299.79mgkg−1), no treatment related difference in Pb via geochemistry could be detected. To overcome difficulties in traditional geochemical techniques due to pollutant heterogeneity we present a new method for unequivocally proving metal sorption to in situ remediation amendments. The method combines two spectroscopic techniques; namely electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Using this we showed Pb immobilisation on NMO, which were Pb free prior to their addition to the soils. Amendment of the soil with exogenous Mn oxide had no effect on microbial functioning, nor did it perturb the composition of the dominant phyla. We conclude that NMOs show excellent potential as remediation amendments
A rotation/magnetism analogy for the quark–gluon plasma

AbstractIn peripheral heavy ion collisions, the Quark–Gluon Plasma that may be formed often has a large angular momentum per unit energy. This angular momentum may take the form of (local) rotation. In many physical systems, rotation can have effects analogous to those produced by a magnetic field; thus, there is a risk that the effects of local rotation in the QGP might be mistaken for those of the large genuine magnetic fields which are also known to arise in these systems. Here we use the gauge-gravity duality to investigate this, and we find indeed that, with realistic parameter values, local rotation has effects on the QGP (at high values of the baryonic chemical potential) which are not only of the same kind as those produced by magnetic fields, but which can in fact be substantially larger. Furthermore, the combined effect of rotation and magnetism is to change the shape of the main quark matter phase transition line in an interesting way, reducing the magnitude of its curvature; again, local rotation contributes to this phenomenon at least as strongly as magnetism
Determination of mc and mb from quarkonium 1S energy levels in perturbative QCD

AbstractWe update determination of the MS‾ masses of the charm and bottom quarks, from comparisons of the masses of the charmonium and bottomonium 1S states with their perturbative predictions up to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order in ε expansion and using the MS‾ masses. Effects of non-zero charm-quark mass in the bottomonium masses are incorporated up to next-to-next-to-leading order. We obtain m‾c=1246±2(d3)±4(αs)±23(h.o.) MeV and m‾b=4197±2(d3)±6(αs)±20(h.o.)±5(mc) MeV, which agree with the current Particle Data Group values
The gauge invariance of the non-Abelian Chern–Simons action for D-branes revisited

AbstractWe present an elegant method to prove the invariance of the Chern–Simons part of the non-Abelian action for N coinciding D-branes under the R–R and NS–NS gauge transformations, by carefully defining what is meant by a background gauge transformation in the non-Abelian world volume action. We study as well the invariance under massive gauge transformations of the massive Type IIA supergravity and show that no massive dielectric couplings are necessary to achieve this invariance. We show that this result is consistent with (massive) T-duality from the non-Abelian action for N D9-branes
Analytic formulas for the topological degree of non-smooth mappings: The odd-dimensional case

AbstractThe notion of topological degree is studied for mappings from the boundary of a relatively compact strictly pseudo-convex domain in a Stein manifold into a manifold in terms of index theory of Toeplitz operators on the Hardy space. The index formalism of non-commutative geometry is used to derive analytic integral formulas for the index of a Toeplitz operator with Hölder continuous symbol. The index formula gives an analytic formula for the degree of a Hölder continuous mapping from the boundary of a strictly pseudo-convex domain
An evaluation of volume-based morphometry for prediction of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

AbstractVoxel-based morphometry from conventional T1-weighted images has proved effective to quantify Alzheimer's disease (AD) related brain atrophy and to enable fairly accurate automated classification of AD patients, mild cognitive impaired patients (MCI) and elderly controls. Little is known, however, about the classification power of volume-based morphometry, where features of interest consist of a few brain structure volumes (e.g. hippocampi, lobes, ventricles) as opposed to hundreds of thousands of voxel-wise gray matter concentrations. In this work, we experimentally evaluate two distinct volume-based morphometry algorithms (FreeSurfer and an in-house algorithm called MorphoBox) for automatic disease classification on a standardized data set from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Results indicate that both algorithms achieve classification accuracy comparable to the conventional whole-brain voxel-based morphometry pipeline using SPM for AD vs elderly controls and MCI vs controls, and higher accuracy for classification of AD vs MCI and early vs late AD converters, thereby demonstrating the potential of volume-based morphometry to assist diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease
Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015.

Non-fatal outcomes of disease and injury increasingly detract from the ability of the world's population to live in full health, a trend largely attributable to an epidemiological transition in many countries from causes affecting children, to non-communicable diseases (NCDs) more common in adults. For the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015), we estimated the incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for diseases and injuries at the global, regional, and national scale over the period of 1990 to 2015
Analysis of risk factors of long-term complications in congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A single institution\u27s experience

ObjectiveTo establish better management practices to reduce morbidities in survivors with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).MethodsOf 60 patients treated for CDH at our institution between 1991 and 2011, 49 patients without severe anomalies were retrospectively reviewed.ResultsSince 2004, gentle ventilation (GV) has been the main treatment for CDH. Patients were divided into the following two groups: the non-GV group (n = 29) who were treated before GV treatment was implemented, and the GV group (n = 20). The overall survival rate was 62.1% (18/29) and 95% (19/20) in the non-GV and GV groups, respectively (p = 0.016). Despite the high survival rate, the incidence of long-term complications in survivors was still high (14/19, 73.7%) in the GV group. In the GV group, liver-up (p = 0.106) and the need for patch repair (p = 0.257) tended to be associated with the development of long-term complications, but did not reach statistical significance. The presence of perioperative complications was associated with the development of long-term complications (p = 0.045) in the GV group.ConclusionPatients who developed short-term complications seemed to be at risk of long-term complications. Therefore, to minimize long-term morbidities in CDH survivors, the prevention of short-term complications might be important
Measurement of the W boson helicity in events with a single reconstructed top quark in pp collisions at √s = 8 TeV

A measurement of the W boson helicity is presented, where the W boson originates from the decay of a top quark produced in pp collisions. The event selection, optimized for reconstructing a single top quark in the final state, requires exactly one isolated lepton (muon or electron) and exactly two jets, one of which is likely to originate from the hadronization of a bottom quark. The analysis is performed using data recorded at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2012. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1. The measured helicity fractions are FL = 0.298 ± 0.028 (stat) ± 0.032(syst), F0 = 0.720 ± 0.039 (stat) ± 0.037(syst), and FR = −0.018 ± 0.019 (stat) ± 0.011(syst). These results are used to set limits on the real part of the tWb anomalous couplings, gL and gR. © 2015, The Author(s).The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Search for a massive resonance decaying into a higgs boson and a W or Z boson in hadronic final states in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV

A search for a massive resonance decaying into a standard-model-like Higgs boson (H) and a W or Z boson is reported. The analysis is performed on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb-1, collected in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Signal events, in which the decay products of Higgs, W, or Z bosons at high Lorentz boost are contained within single reconstructed jets, are identified using jet substructure techniques, including the tagging of b hadrons. This is the first search for heavy resonances decaying into HW or HZ resulting in an all-jet final state, as well as the first application of jet substructure techniques to identify H→ WW*→ 4q decays at high Lorentz boost. No significant signal is observed and limits are set at 95% confidence level on the production cross sections of W’ and Z’ in a model with mass-degenerate charged and neutral spin-1 resonances. Resonance masses are excluded for W0 in the interval [1.0, 1.6]TeV, for Z0 in the intervals [1.0, 1.1] and [1.3, 1.5]TeV, and for mass-degenerate W0 and Z’ in the interval [1.0, 1.7]TeV. © CERN, for the bene_t of the CMS Collaboration.The Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey, and Turkish Atomic Energy Authorit
Black aspergilli and ochratoxin A production in French vineyards

A survey on the occurrence on grape of black Aspergillus species and their capability to produce ochratoxin A (OTA) was conducted in France over three years (2001–2003) in 10 vineyards from four winemaking regions with different geographical locations and climatic conditions. During\ud
2001 and 2002, from setting to harvest, the total numbers of fungal isolates were respectively 721 and 711 increasing in 2003 to reach 1035. The Aspergillus genus was essentially represented by Section Nigri (99%) and it was predominant (80%±4.6) when compared to Penicillium (20%±4.6).\ud
Regardless of sampling year, 32.5% (±σ=1.26) of the fungal isolates were OTA producers and 93% (±σ=2.65) belonging to black aspergilli. The ochratoxigenic potential of the isolates and their occurrence on grapes revealed that Aspergillus carbonarius was the main OTA producer (up to\ud
37.5 μg/g). At harvest time, the fungal population was maximal and this was the most critical period influencing OTA contamination. Grapes from Languedoc-Roussillon region were most infested with ochratoxigenic fungi and had the highest concentrations of OTA (up to 2.8 ng/g)
Synthesis of air-stable CdSe/ZnS core-shell nanoplatelets with tunable emission wavelength

In the past few years, several protocols have been reported on the synthesis of CdSe nanoplatelets with narrow photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, high PL quantum efficiency, and short exciton lifetime. The corresponding core/shell nanoplatelets are however still mostly based on CdSe/CdS, which possess an extended lifetime and a strong red shift of the band-edge absorption and emission, in accordance with a quasi-type-II band alignment. Here we report on a robust synthesis procedure to grow a ZnS shell around CdSe nanoplatelets at moderate temperatures of 100-150 degrees C, to improve the optical properties of CdSe nanoplatelets via a type-I core/shell heterostructure. The shell growth is performed under ambient atmosphere, in either toluene or 1,2-dichlorobenzene. The variation of the shell thickness induces a continuous red shift of the PL peak, eventually reaching 611 nm. The PL quantum efficiency is increased compared to the original CdSe cores, with values up to 60% depending on the shell thickness. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals a bending of the nanoplatelets caused by strain due to 12% lattice mismatch between CdSe and ZnS. The present procedure can easily be translated to other core/shell nanocrystals, such as CdSe/CdS and CdSe/CdZnS nanoplatelets