pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
USING RESTRICTED NATURAL LANGUAGE FOR DATA RETRIEVAL: A PLAN FOR FIELD EVALUATION

One strategy that has been proposed for dealing with the
growing backlog for development of applications is to give
casual users languages for interacting directly with databases.
Yet, there is little agreement on the form such
languages should take. Should they be natural-like, conforming
closely to a user's native tongue or should they be
structured to take advantage of the characteristics of
formal languages?
This paper presents the rationale for and design of a
field evaluation of natural language for data retrieval.
The natural language system and application are described
along with the research design of the project. The results
of the first part of the study, a laboratory experiment
to investigate whether users perform better with an artificial or natural language, suggest that after equal
amounts of training no difference in subject performance
is found between languages using a paper and pencil test .
The insights gained to date are summarized.Information Systems Working Papers Serie
The role of HOX genes in normal hematopoiesis and acute leukemia.

The HOX genes are a highly conserved family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors that specify cell identity in early development and, subsequently, in a number of adult processes including hematopoiesis. The dysregulation of HOX genes is associated with a number of malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoid leukemia (ALL), where they have been shown to support the immortalization of leukemic cells both as chimeric partners in fusion genes and when overexpressed in their wild type form. This review covers our current understanding of the role of HOX genes in normal hematopoiesis, AML and ALL, with particular emphasis on the similarities and differences of HOX function in these contexts, their hematopoietic downstream genes targets and implications for therapy.Leukemia accepted article preview online, 5 December 2012; doi:10.1038/leu.2012.356
Smooth extension of functions on a certain class of non-separable Banach spaces\ud

Let us consider a Banach space X with the property that every real-valued Lipschitz function f can be uniformly approximated by a Lipschitz, C1-smooth function g with Lip(g)⩽CLip(f) (with C depending only on the space X). This is the case for a Banach space X bi-Lipschitz homeomorphic to a subset of c0(Γ), for some set Γ, such that the coordinate functions of the homeomorphism are C1-smooth (Hájek and Johanis, 2010 . Then, we prove that for every closed subspace Y⊂X and every C1-smooth (Lipschitz) function f:Y→R, there is a C1-smooth (Lipschitz, respectively) extension of f to X. We also study C1-smooth extensions of real-valued functions defined on closed subsets of X. These results extend those given in Azagra et al. (2010) [4] to the class of non-separable Banach spaces satisfying the above property
The spectrum of light states in large N minimal\ud
models.\ud

WN,k minimal models possess an interesting class of ‘light’ primaries which\ud
control much of the low energy density of states in the large N ’t Hooft limit. In this paper\ud
we conduct a detailed exploration of their distribution using a combination of numerical\ud
and analytical techniques. We also make some observations about the density of states\ud
of the full CFT. Our results appear to support the contention that there is no ﬁnite\ud
temperature analogue of the Hawking-Page transition in these systems
Concentration-compactness phenomena in the higher order Liouville's
  equation

We investigate different concentration-compactness phenomena related to the
Q-curvature in arbitrary even dimension. We first treat the case of an open
domain in $R^{2m}$, then that of a closed manifold and, finally, the particular
case of the sphere $S^{2m}$. In all cases we allow the sign of the Q-curvature
to vary, and show that in the case of a closed manifold, contrary to the case
of open domains in $R^{2m}$, concentration phenomena can occur only at points
of positive Q-curvature. As a consequence, on a locally conformally flat
manifold of non-positive Euler characteristic we always have compactness.Comment: 26 pages, revised versio
Lovelock black holes with a power-Yang-Mills source

We consider the standard Yang-Mills (YM) invariant raised to the power q,
i.e., $(F_{\mu \nu}^{(a)}F^{(a) \mu \nu})^{q}$ as the source of our geometry
and investigate the possible black hole solutions. How does this parameter q
modify the black holes in Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) and its extensions such as
Gauss-Bonnet (GB) and the third order Lovelock theories? The advantage of such
a power q (or a set of superposed members of the YM hierarchies) if any, may be
tested even in a free YM theory in flat spacetime. Our choice of the YM field
is purely magnetic in any higher dimensions so that duality makes no sense. In
analogy with the Einstein-power-Maxwell theory, the conformal invariance
provides further reduction, albeit in a spacetime for dimensions of multiples
of 4.Comment: 19 pages, no figure and 2 tables, to appear in Physics Letters
Precession of a Freely Rotating Rigid Body. Inelastic Relaxation in the
  Vicinity of Poles

When a solid body is freely rotating at an angular velocity ${\bf \Omega}$,
the ellipsoid of constant angular momentum, in the space $\Omega_1, \Omega_2,
\Omega_3$, has poles corresponding to spinning about the minimal-inertia and
maximal-inertia axes. The first pole may be considered stable if we neglect the
inner dissipation, but becomes unstable if the dissipation is taken into
account. This happens because the bodies dissipate energy when they rotate
about any axis different from principal. In the case of an oblate symmetrical
body, the angular velocity describes a circular cone about the vector of
(conserved) angular momentum. In the course of relaxation, the angle of this
cone decreases, so that both the angular velocity and the maximal-inertia axis
of the body align along the angular momentum. The generic case of an asymmetric
body is far more involved. Even the symmetrical prolate body exhibits a
sophisticated behaviour, because an infinitesimally small deviation of the
body's shape from a rotational symmetry (i.e., a small difference between the
largest and second largest moments of inertia) yields libration: the precession
trajectory is not a circle but an ellipse. In this article we show that often
the most effective internal dissipation takes place at twice the frequency of
the body's precession. Applications to precessing asteroids, cosmic-dust
alignment, and rotating satellites are discussed.Comment: 47 pages, 1 figur
Geometric Origin of Large Lepton Mixing in a Higher Dimensional
  Spacetime

The large mixing in the lepton sector observed in the recent
neutrino-oscillation experiments strongly suggest that nature of left-handed
lepton doublets is very different from that of left-handed quark doublets. This
means that there is a big disparity between the matter multiplets 5^*'s and
10's in the SU(5) unified theory. We show that this big difference can be
explained in a six-dimensional spacetime compactified on the T^2/Z_3 orbifold.
That is, we propose to put three families of 5^*'s on three equivalent fixed
points of the orbifold and the three 10's in the two-dimensional bulk. We
construct an explicit model realizing this situation and show that the
democratic mass structure in the lepton sector is naturally obtained and hence
the model explains the observed bi-large lepton mixing and simultaneously the
required small mixing U_e3. The mass matrices and mixing in the quark sector
are also briefly discussed.Comment: 12 pages, including 1 figure and 1 table, one paragraph and two
  references adde
Gauge Link Structure in Quark-Quark Correlators in hard processes

Distribution functions in hard processes can be described by quark-quark
correlators, nonlocal matrix elements of quark fields. Color gauge invariance
requires inclusion of appropriate gauge links in these correlators. For
transverse momentum dependent distribution functions, in particular important
for describing T-odd effects in hard processes, we find that new link
structures containing loops can appear in abelian and non-abelian theories. In
transverse moments, e.g. measured in azimuthal asymmetries, these loops may
enhance the contribution of gluonic poles. Some explicit results for the link
structure are given in high-energy leptoproduction and hadron-hadron
scattering.Comment: 9 pages, 9 figure
Atomic parity violation in the economical 3-3-1 model

The deviation $\de Q_{\mathrm{W}}$ of the weak charge from its standard model
prediction due to the mixing of the $W$ boson with the charged bilepton $Y$ as
well as of the $Z$ boson with the neutral $Z'$ and the real part of the
non-Hermitian neutral bilepton $X$ in the economical 3-3-1 model is
established. Additional contributions to the usual $\de Q_\mathrm{W}$
expression in the extra $\mathrm{U}(1)$ models and the left-right models are
obtained. Our calculations are quite different from previous analyzes in this
kind of the 3-3-1 models and give the limit on mass of the $Z'$ boson, the
$Z-Z'$ and $W-Y$ mixing angles with the more appropriate values: $M_{Z'} > 564\
\mathrm{GeV}, -0.018<\sin \va < 0$ and $|\sin \theta| < 0.043$.Comment: replace with version to appear in Phys. Lett.
The VIMOS Public Extragalactic Survey (VIPERS): First Data Release of 57
  204 spectroscopic measurements

We present the first Public Data Release (PDR-1) of the VIMOS Public
Extragalactic Survey (VIPERS). It comprises 57 204 spectroscopic measurements
together with all additional information necessary for optimal scientific
exploitation of the data, in particular the associated photometric measurements
and quantification of the photometric and survey completeness. VIPERS is an ESO
Large Programme designed to build a spectroscopic sample of ' 100 000 galaxies
with iAB < 22.5 and 0.5 < z < 1.5 with high sampling rate (~45%). The survey
spectroscopic targets are selected from the CFHTLS-Wide five-band catalogues in
the W1 and W4 fields. The final survey will cover a total area of nearly 24
deg2, for a total comoving volume between z = 0.5 and 1.2 of ~4x10^7
h^(-3)Mpc^3 and a median galaxy redshift of z~0.8. The release presented in
this paper includes data from virtually the entire W4 field and nearly half of
the W1 area, thus representing 64% of the final dataset. We provide a detailed
description of sample selection, observations and data reduction procedures; we
summarise the global properties of the spectroscopic catalogue and explain the
associated data products and their use, and provide all the details for
accessing the data through the survey database (http://vipers.inaf.it) where
all information can be queried interactively.Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A Added and/or replaced some figure,
  added section on DataBase interface, expaned Introductio
N=2 SUGRA BPS Multi-center solutions, quadratic prepotentials and
  Freudenthal transformations

We present a detailed description of N=2 stationary BPS multicenter black
hole solutions for quadratic prepotentials with an arbitrary number of centers
and scalar fields making a systematic use of the algebraic properties of the
matrix of second derivatives of the prepotential, $\mathcal{S}$, which in this
case is a scalar-independent matrix. In particular we obtain bounds on the
physical parameter of the multicenter solution such as horizon areas and ADM
mass. We discuss the possibility and convenience of setting up a basis of the
symplectic vector space built from charge eigenvectors of the $\ssigma$, the
set of vectors $(\Ppm q_a)$ with $\Ppm$ $\ssigma$-eigenspace proyectors.
  The anti-involution matrix $\mathcal{S}$ can be understood as a Freudenthal
duality $\tilde{x}=\ssigma x$. We show that this duality can be generalized to
"Freudenthal transformations" $$x\to \lambda\exp(\theta \ssigma) x= a
x+b\tilde{x}$$ under which the horizon area, ADM mass and intercenter distances
scale up leaving constant the fix point scalars. In the special case
$\lambda=1$, "$\ssigma$-rotations", the transformations leave invariant the
solution. The standard Freudental duality can be written as
  $\tilde x= \exp(\pi/2 \ssigma) x .$ We argue that these generalized
transformations leave also invariant the general stringy extremal quartic form
$\Delta_4$, $\Delta_4(x)= \Delta_4(\cos\theta x+\sin\theta\tilde{x})$.Comment: Latex 27 pages (11pt). Some modifications introduced. Minor misprints
  corrected. References adde
Hyperkahler Sigma Model and Field Theory on Gibbons-Hawking Spaces

We describe a novel deformation of the 3-dimensional sigma model with
hyperk\"ahler target, which arises naturally from the compactification of a
4-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ theory on a hyperk\"ahler circle bundle
(Gibbons-Hawking space). We derive the condition for which the deformed sigma
model preserves 4 out of the 8 supercharges. We also study the contribution
from a NUT center to the sigma model path integral, and find that supersymmetry
implies it is a holomorphic section of a certain holomorphic line bundle over
the hyperk\"ahler target. We study explicitly the case where the original
4-dimensional theory is pure $U(1)$ super Yang-Mills, and show that the
contribution from a NUT center in this case is simply the Jacobi theta
function.Comment: 48 page
Metallicity inhomogeneities in local star-forming galaxies as sign of
  recent metal-poor gas accretion

We measure the oxygen metallicity of the ionized gas along the major axis of
seven dwarf star-forming galaxies. Two of them, SDSSJ1647+21 and SDSSJ2238+14,
show 0.5 dex metallicity decrements in inner regions with enhanced
star-formation activity. This behavior is similar to the metallicity drop
observed in a number of local tadpole galaxies by Sanchez Almeida et al. (2013)
and interpreted as showing early stages of assembling in disk galaxies, with
the star formation sustained by external metal-poor gas accretion. The
agreement with tadpoles has several implications: (1) it proves that galaxies
other than the local tadpoles present the same unusual metallicity pattern. (2)
Our metallicity inhomogeneities were inferred using the direct method, thus
discarding systematic errors usually attributed to other methods. (3) Taken
together with the tadpole data, our findings suggest a threshold around one
tenth the solar value for the metallicity drops to show up. Although galaxies
with clear metallicity drops are rare, the physical mechanism responsible for
them may sustain a significant part of the star-formation activity in the local
Universe. We argue that the star-formation dependence of the mass-metallicity
relationship, as well as other general properties followed by most local disk
galaxies, are naturally interpreted as side effects of pristine gas infall.
Alternatives to the metal poor gas accretion are examined too.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 10 pages. 5 Fig
Oxygen vacancy and EC - 1 eV electron trap in ZnO

Fourier transform deep level transient spectroscopy has been performed
between 80 K and 550 K in five n-type ZnO samples grown by different
techniques. The capture cross section and ionization energy of four electron
traps have been deduced from Arrhenius diagrams. A trap 1 eV below the
conduction band edge is systematically observed in the five samples with a
large apparent capture cross section for electrons (1.6 $\pm$ 0.4 x 10 - 13
cm2) indicating a donor character. The assignment of this deep level to the
oxygen vacancy is discussed on the basis of available theoretical predictions
Holographic inflation and the conservation of $\zeta$

In a holographic description of inflation, cosmological time evolution in the
bulk is expected to correspond to the renomalization group (RG) flow in a dual
boundary theory. Here, we analyze this expectation by computing the correlation
functions of the curvature perturbation $\zeta$ holographically. For this
purpose, we use a deformed conformal field theory at the boundary, with a
single deformation operator. In standard single field models of inflation,
$\zeta$ is known to be conserved at large scales under very general conditions.
However, we find that this is not generically the case in the dual description.
The requirement that higher correlators of $\zeta$ should be conserved severely
restricts the possibilities for the RG flow. With such restriction, the power
spectrum $P_\zeta$ must follow an exact power law, at least within the regime
of validity of conformal perturbation theory.Comment: 27 pages, 1 figure; v2: version to appear in JHE
Non-equilibrium dynamics and $AdS_4$ Robinson-Trautman

The Robinson-Trautman space-times provide solutions of Einstein's equations
with negative cosmological constant, which settle to $AdS_4$ Schwarzschild
black hole at late times. Via gauge/gravity duality they should describe a
system out of equilibrium that evolves towards thermalization. We show that the
area of the past apparent horizon of these space-times satisfies a generalized
Penrose inequality and we formulate as well as provide evidence for a suitable
generalization of Thorne's hoop conjecture. We also compute the holographic
energy-momentum tensor and deduce its late time behavior. It turns out that the
complete non-equilibrium process on the boundary is governed by Calabi's flow
on $S^2$. Upon linearization, only special modes that arise as supersymmetric
zero energy states of an associated supersymmetric quantum mechanics problem
contribute to the solution. We find that each pole of radiation has an
effective viscosity given by the eigenvalues of the Laplace operator on $S^2$
and there is an apparent violation of the KSS bound on $\eta / s$ for the low
lying harmonics of large $AdS_4$ black holes. These modes, however, do not
satisfy Dirichlet boundary conditions, they are out-going and they do not
appear to have a Kruskal extension across the future horizon ${\cal H}^+$.Comment: 48 pages, 2 figures, v2: new section on entropy current, refs added,
  JHEP versio
Charge Symmetry Breaking in dd->4He{\pi}0 with WASA-at-COSY

Charge symmetry breaking (CSB) observables are a suitable experimental tool
to examine effects induced by quark masses on the nuclear level. Previous high
precision data from TRIUMF and IUCF are currently used to develop a consistent
description of CSB within the framework of chiral perturbation theory. In this
work the experimental studies on the reaction dd->4He{\pi}0 have been extended
towards higher excess energies in order to provide information on the
contribution of p-waves in the final state. For this, an exclusive measurement
has been carried out at a beam momentum of p=1.2 GeV/c using the WASA-at-COSY
facility. The total cross section amounts to sigma(tot) = (118 +- 18(stat) +-
13(sys) +- 8(ext)) pb and first data on the differential cross section are
consistent with s-wave pion production.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figure
Spin(7)-manifolds and symmetric Yang--Mills instantons

In this Letter we establish a relationship between symmetric SU(2)
Yang--Mills instantons and metrics with Spin(7)-holonomy. Our method is based
on a slight extension of that of Bryant and Salamon developed to construct
explicit manifolds with special holonomies in 1989.
  More precisely, we prove that making use of symmetric SU(2) Yang--Mills
instantons on Riemannian spin-manifolds, we can construct metrics on the chiral
spinor bundle whose holonomies are within Spin(7). Moreover if the resulting
space is connected, simply connected and complete, the holonomy coincides with
Spin(7).
  The basic example is the metric constructed on the chiral spinor bundle of
the round four-sphere by using a generic SU(2)-instanton of unit action; hence
it is a five-parameter deformation of the Bryant--Salamon example, also found
by Gibbons, Page and Pope.Comment: 10 pages, no figures, LaTeX. More references have been added; but
  this version differs from the published on
Excitation functions in central Au + Au collisions from SIS/GSI to AGS/Brookhaven

Using the relativistic transport model (ART), we predict the energy dependence of the stopping power, maximum baryon and energy densities, the population of resonance matter as well as the strength of the transverse and radial flow for central Au+Au reactions at beam momentum from 2 to 12 GeV/c available at Brookhaven's AGS. The maximum baryon and energy densities are further compared to the predictions of relativistic hydrodynamics assuming the formation of shock waves. We also discuss the Fermi-Landau scaling of the pion multiplicity in these reactions
A Bulk Effect to SUSY Effective Potential in a 5D Super-Yang-Mills Model

Supersymmetric effective potential of a 5D super-Yang-Mills model
compactified on $S^1/Z_2$, i.e., on an interval $l$ of extra dimension, is
estimated at the 1-loop level by the auxiliary field tadpole method. For the
sake of infinite towers of Kaluza-Klein excitation modes of bulk fields
involved in the tadpoles, there arises a definite bulk effect of linear growth
of the effective potential along with the cutoff ${\mit\Lambda}$ which is
greatly suppressed by $l$ to produce finite contributions. The minimization of
the effective potential incorporating the tree potential and a Fayet-Iliopoulos
$D$-term reveals an interesting case that the size of $l$ is stabilized at a
length corresponding to an intermediate mass scale $10^{12-14}$ GeV.Comment: 15 pages, 2 figure
Light Propagation in inhomogeneous Universes: Rev

Using a multi-plane lensing method that we have developed, we follow the evolution of light beams as they propagate through inhomogeneous universes. We use a P3M code to simulate the formation and evolution of large-scale structure. The resolution of the simulations is increased to sub-Megaparsec scales by using a Monte Carlo method to locate galaxies inside the computational volume according to the underlying particle distribution. The galaxies are approximated by isothermal spheres, with each morphological type having its own distribution of masses and core radii. The morphological types are chosen in order to reproduce the observed morphology-density relation. This algorithm has an effective resolution of 9 orders of magnitudes in length, from the size of superclusters down to the core radii of the smallest galaxies. We consider cold dark matter models normalized to COBE, and perform a large parameter survey by varying the cosmological parameters Omega_0, lambda_0, H_0, and n (the tilt of the primordial power spectrum). The values of n are chosen by imposing particular values or sigma_8, the rms mass fluctuation at a scale of 8/h Mpc. We use the power spectrum given by Bunn & White. This is the largest parameter survey ever done is this field
q-deformed KZB heat equation: completeness, modular properties and
  SL(3,Z)

We study the properties of one-dimensional hypergeometric integral solutions
of the q-difference ("quantum") analogue of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov-Bernard
equations on tori. We show that they also obey a difference KZB heat equation
in the modular parameter, give formulae for modular transformations, and prove
a completeness result, by showing that the associated Fourier transform is
invertible. These results are based on SL(3,Z) transformation properties
parallel to those of elliptic gamma functions.Comment: 39 page