pinecone/core-2020-05-10-deduplication huggingface dataset:
Minimally invasive repair of Morgagni hernia – A multicenter case series

AbstractChildren may benefit from minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the correction of Morgagni hernia (MH). The present study aims to evaluate the outcome of MIS through a multicenter study.National institutions that use MIS in the treatment of MH were included. Demographic, clinical and operative data were analyzed.Thirteen patients with MH (6 males) were operated using similar MIS technique (percutaneous stitches) at a mean age of 22.2±18.3 months. Six patients had chromosomopathies (46%), five with Down syndrome (39%). Respiratory complaints were the most common presentation (54%). Surgery lasted 95±23min. In none of the patients was the hernia sac removed; prosthesis was never used. In the immediate post-operative period, 4 patients (36%) were admitted to intensive care unit (all with Down syndrome); all patients started enteral feeds within the first 24h. With a mean follow-up of 56±16.6 months, there were two recurrences (18%) at the same institution, one of which was repaired with an absorbable suture; both with Down syndrome.The application of MIS in the MH repair is effective even in the presence of comorbidities such as Down syndrome; the latter influences the immediate postoperative recovery and possibly the recurrence rate. Removal of hernia sac does not seem necessary. Non-absorbable sutures may be more appropriate
Molecular interactions between fullerene C60 and ionic liquids

AbstractStructural and energetic aspects of solvation of fullerene C60 in ionic liquids at room temperature were analyzed by using atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Ethylammonium Nitrate (EAN) and 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Tetrafluoroborate (BMIMBF4) ionic liquids were conveniently chosen for presenting different polarities. Analysis of the spatial distribution of the ionic liquid revealed different patterns for the solvation of C60. Energetics indicated that the presence of C60 weakened the ionic interactions in solution compared to those in pure liquids. Our free energy calculations showed that there is an energy cost of 235kJmol−1 for transferring fullerene C60 from BMIMBF4 to EAN
Making sense of ‘gender’: From global HIV/AIDS strategy to the local Cambodian ground

AbstractInterventions aiming to promote gender equality are a common feature of global HIV/AIDS policies. To develop effective interventions, it is important to understand how globally established concepts (e.g. ‘gender’) are (re)interpreted and legitimated locally. This paper examines what happens when the concept of ‘gender’ hits the local ground in the context of an internationally funded HIV/AIDS intervention in Cambodia.Interviews with participants reveal that ‘gender’ is itself understood to mean equal rights. Some elements of this concept are rejected as inapplicable in Khmer society, while others are hybridised with existing knowledges. The analysis demonstrates how relational, symbolic and material dimensions of the place into which HIV/AIDS programmes intervene shape not only what ‘sense’ participants make of new knowledge, but also their capacity to use it. Further, the paper argues that to achieve the desired health-enhancing outcomes, international health organisations must avoid essentialising local spaces as static and ‘traditional’; rather, they must attend to and build on the ambiguities of existing knowledges and the changing dynamics of the places they enter
Properties and implementation of ρ-Adams methods based on mixed-type interpolation

AbstractWe investigate the properties of the coefficients of modified r-Adams methods for the integration of ODEs. The derivation of these methods is, in contrast with the classical Adams methods, not based on a polynomial interpolation theory, but rather starts from a mixed interpolation theory in which a parameter κ is involved. It will be shown that the coefficients of the modified methods possess properties which make these methods very attractive. Further, we will discuss the role of so-called over-implicit modified r-Adams schemes in the construction of more general linear multistep methods. Our second goal is to show that the modified Adams-Bashforth/Adams-Moulton methods are very well suited to be implemented as a predictor-corrector pair. In particular, we will discuss the choice of the interpolation parameter when such a method is applied to general systems of equations. Numerical tests are performed to support the theory
Integrable scalar cosmologies II. Can they fit into Gauged Extended Supergravity or be encoded in N=1 superpotentials?

AbstractThe question whether the integrable one-field cosmologies classified in a previous paper by Fré, Sagnotti and Sorin can be embedded as consistent one-field truncations into Extended Gauged Supergravity or in N=1 supergravity gauged by a superpotential without the use of D-terms is addressed in this paper. The answer is that such an embedding is very difficult and rare but not impossible. Indeed, we were able to find two examples of integrable models embedded in supergravity in this way. Both examples are fitted into N=1 supergravity by means of a very specific and interesting choice of the superpotential W(z). The question whether there are examples of such an embedding in Extended Gauged Supergravity remains open. In the present paper, relying on the embedding tensor formalism we classified all gaugings of the N=2 STU model, confirming, in the absence on hypermultiplets, the uniqueness of the stable de Sitter vacuum found several years ago by Fré, Trigiante and Van Proeyen and excluding the embedding of any integrable cosmological model. A detailed analysis of the space of exact solutions of the first supergravity-embedded integrable cosmological model revealed several new features worth an in-depth consideration. When the scalar potential has an extremum at a negative value, the Universe necessarily collapses into a Big Crunch notwithstanding its spatial flatness. The causal structure of these Universes is quite different from that of the closed, positive curved, Universe: indeed, in this case the particle and event horizons do not coincide and develop complicated patterns. The cosmological consequences of this unexpected mechanism deserve careful consideration
Scalar Laplacian on Sasaki–Einstein manifolds Yp,q

AbstractWe study the spectrum of the scalar Laplacian on the five-dimensional toric Sasaki–Einstein manifolds Yp,q. The eigenvalue equation reduces to Heun's equation, which is a Fuchsian equation with four regular singularities. We show that the ground states, which are given by constant solutions of Heun's equation, are identified with BPS states corresponding to the chiral primary operators in the dual quiver gauge theories. The excited states correspond to non-trivial solutions of Heun's equation. It is shown that these reduce to polynomial solutions in the near BPS limit
On a combinatorial problem of Erdős, Kleitman and Lemke

AbstractIn this paper, we study a combinatorial problem originating in the following conjecture of Erdős and Lemke: given any sequence of n divisors of n, repetitions being allowed, there exists a subsequence the elements of which are summing to n. This conjecture was proved by Kleitman and Lemke, who then extended the original question to a problem on a zero-sum invariant in the framework of finite Abelian groups. Building among others on earlier works by Alon and Dubiner and by the author, our main theorem gives a new upper bound for this invariant in the general case, and provides its right order of magnitude
Hadron multiplicity in lepton–nucleon interactions

AbstractMulti-hadron production in inelastic neutrino–nucleon interactions is investigated within the framework of the quark–gluon string model. The contributions of the planar (one-reggeon exchange) and cylindrical (one-pomeron exchange) graphs to different observables is computed using a Monte Carlo program for the generation of hadrons produced from the decay of colorless quark–antiquark strings. The suggested approach results in a satisfactory description of the experimental data on ν(ν̄)N→μ−(μ+)hX reactions obtained recently at CERN by the NOMAD Collaboration. The data extends over a wide range of initial neutrino energies Eν<200 GeV/c and momentum transfers 1<Q<7 GeV/c, well into the region where perturbative QCD calculations are not applicable
Spin-independent and double-spin cosφ asymmetries in semi-inclusive pion electroproduction

AbstractWe consider the cosφ dependence of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry for charged pion electroproduction in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering, emphasizing intrinsic transverse momentum effects. This azimuthal asymmetry allows to measure the cosφ moments of the unpolarized and double-spin cross-section, simultaneously. The size of the asymmetry, in the approximation where all twist-3 interaction-dependent distribution and fragmentation functions are set to zero, is estimated for HERMES kinematics; both the spin-independent and the double-spin cosφ moments are predicted to be sizable and negative
Subleading terms in the collinear limit of Yang–Mills amplitudes

AbstractFor two massless particles i and j, the collinear limit is a special kinematic configuration in which the particles propagate with parallel four-momentum vectors, with the total momentum P distributed as pi=xP and pj=(1−x)P, so that sij≡(pi+pj)2=P2=0. In Yang–Mills theory, if i and j are among N gauge bosons participating in a scattering process, it is well known that the partial amplitudes associated to the (single trace) group factors with adjacent i and j are singular in the collinear limit and factorize at the leading order into (N−1)-particle amplitudes times the universal, x-dependent Altarelli–Parisi factors. We give a precise definition of the collinear limit and show that at the tree level, the subleading, non-singular terms are related to the amplitudes with a single graviton inserted instead of two collinear gauge bosons. To that end, we argue that in one-graviton Einstein–Yang–Mills amplitudes, the graviton with momentum P can be replaced by a pair of collinear gauge bosons carrying arbitrary momentum fractions xP and (1−x)P
Effective lifetime measurements in the Bs0→K+K−, B0→K+π− and Bs0→π+K− decays

AbstractMeasurements of the effective lifetimes in the Bs0→K+K−, B0→K+π− and Bs0→π+K− decays are presented using 1.0 fb−1 of pp collision data collected at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV by the LHCb experiment. The analysis uses a data-driven approach to correct for the decay time acceptance. The measured effective lifetimes areτBs0→K+K−=1.407±0.016(stat)±0.007(syst)  ps,τB0→K+π−=1.524±0.011(stat)±0.004(syst) ps,τBs0→π+K−=1.60±0.06(stat)±0.01(syst) ps. This is the most precise determination to date of the effective lifetime in the Bs0→K+K− decay and provides constraints on contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model to the Bs0 mixing phase and the width difference ΔΓs
Incorporation of oxygen into the succinate co-product of iron(II) and 2-oxoglutarate dependent oxygenases from bacteria, plants and humans

AbstractThe ferrous iron and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) dependent oxygenases catalyse two electron oxidation reactions by coupling the oxidation of substrate to the oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG, giving succinate and carbon dioxide coproducts. The evidence available on the level of incorporation of one atom from dioxygen into succinate is inconclusive. Here, we demonstrate that five members of the 2OG oxygenase family, AlkB from Escherichia coli, anthocyanidin synthase and flavonol synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana, and prolyl hydroxylase domain enzyme 2 and factor inhibiting hypoxia-inducible factor-1 from Homo sapiens all incorporate a single oxygen atom, almost exclusively derived from dioxygen, into the succinate co-product
The Effects of Environmental Quality on Residential Choice Location

AbstractThe aim of this research is to investigate the effects of environmental conditions in a given area on the residential location and the consequences on urban sprawl and accessibility. In particular, the study focuses on the effects of environmental quality and landscaping on property values. To this aim, the paper presents some hedonic Multiple Linear Regression models (MLR) estimating the housing price in metropolitan areas as a function of real-estate, environmental and accessibility variables.The hedonic models have been estimated using data collected in the province of Taranto (South-Italy) where the biggest steel factory in Europe (namely, ILVA), and one of the most important industrial port in the Mediterranean Sea are located. The set of considered variables were carried out from a location choice survey and hedonic regression estimators are presented to verify to what extent a relationship between the accessibility conditions, environmental context and the dwelling market values does exist. The results indicate that the inclusion, in the model specification, of the environmental variables between zones fit the data significantly better
Use of the Karhunen–Loève Transform for interference detection and mitigation in GNSS

AbstractImproving the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver robustness in a radio interfered environment has been always one of the main concerns for the GNSS community. Due to the weakness of the signal impinging the GNSS receiver antenna, GNSS receiver performance can be seriously threatened by the presence of stronger interfering signals. In these scenarios, classical interference countermeasures may fail due to the fact that interference detection and removal process causes also a non-negligible degradation of the received GNSS signal. This paper introduces an innovative interference detection and mitigation technique against the well-known jamming threat. This technique is based on the use of the Karhunen–Loève Transform (KLT) which allows for the representation of the received interfered signals in a transformed domain where interference components can be better identified, isolated and removed, avoiding significant degradation of the useful GNSS signal
High-speed excited multi-solitons in nonlinear Schrödinger equations

AbstractWe consider the nonlinear Schrödinger equation in Rdi∂tu+Δu+f(u)=0. For d⩾2, this equation admits traveling wave solutions of the form eiωtΦ(x) (up to a Galilean transformation), where Φ is a fixed profile, solution to −ΔΦ+ωΦ=f(Φ), but not the ground state. This kind of profiles are called excited states. In this paper, we construct solutions to NLS behaving like a sum of N excited states which spread up quickly as time grows (which we call multi-solitons). We also show that if the flow around one of these excited states is linearly unstable, then the multi-soliton is not unique, and is unstable
Computational Analysis of Drought Stress-Associated miRNAs and miRNA Co-Regulation Network in Physcomitrella patens

AbstractmiRNAs are non-coding small RNAs that involve diverse biological processes. Until now, little is known about their roles in plant drought resistance. Physcomitrella patens is highly tolerant to drought; however, it is not clear about the basic biology of the traits that contribute P. patens this important character. In this work, we discovered 16 drought stress-associated miRNA (DsAmR) families in P. patens through computational analysis. Due to the possible discrepancy of expression periods and tissue distributions between potential DsAmRs and their targeting genes, and the existence of false positive results in computational identification, the prediction results should be examined with further experimental validation. We also constructed an miRNA co-regulation network, and identified two network hubs, miR902a-5p and miR414, which may play important roles in regulating drought-resistance traits. We distributed our results through an online database named ppt-miRBase, which can be accessed at http://bioinfor.cnu.edu.cn/ppt_miRBase/index.php. Our methods in finding DsAmR and miRNA co-regulation network showed a new direction for identifying miRNA functions
Defining simple and comprehensive assessment units for CO2 storage in saline formations beneath the UK North Sea and continental shelf

AbstractIn the UK, by far the largest CO2 storage opportunities lie offshore. The North Sea in particular has a long and complex geological history, with potential reservoirs geographically widespread and occurring at multiple stratigraphic levels. Diverse storage estimates have been made, using a range of working methods, and yielding different values, e.g. SCCS (2009); Bentham (2006). Consequently the UK Storage Appraisal Project (UKSAP), commissioned and funded by the Energy Technologies Institute (ETI), is undertaking the most comprehensive assessment to date, using abundant legacy seismic and borehole data. This study has a remit to use best current practice, consistent between locations, to calculate the CO2 storage capacity of the entire UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) within saline aquifers and hydrocarbon fields. The potential storage formations have been subdivided into units for assessment, and filtered to remove units with only a small estimated storage capacity to concentrate resources on more viable units. The size of potential storage units approximate to a power law distribution, similar to that of hydrocarbon fields, with a large number of small units and a small number of large units
Search for a W′ boson decaying to a bottom quark and a top quark in pp collisions at s=7 TeV

AbstractResults are presented from a search for a W′ boson using a dataset corresponding to 5.0 fb−1 of integrated luminosity collected during 2011 by the CMS experiment at the LHC in pp collisions at s=7 TeV. The W′ boson is modeled as a heavy W boson, but different scenarios for the couplings to fermions are considered, involving both left-handed and right-handed chiral projections of the fermions, as well as an arbitrary mixture of the two. The search is performed in the decay channel W′→tb, leading to a final state signature with a single electron or muon, missing transverse energy, and jets, at least one of which is identified as a b-jet. A W′ boson that couples to the right-handed (left-handed) chiral projections of the fermions with the same coupling constants as the W is excluded for masses below 1.85 (1.51) TeV at the 95% confidence level. For the first time using LHC data, constraints on the W′ gauge couplings for a set of left- and right-handed coupling combinations have been placed. These results represent a significant improvement over previously published limits
Phenotypic Association Analyses With Copy Number Variation in Recurrent Depressive Disorder

AbstractBackgroundDefining the molecular genomic basis of the likelihood of developing depressive disorder is a considerable challenge. We previously associated rare, exonic deletion copy number variants (CNV) with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD). Sex chromosome abnormalities also have been observed to co-occur with RDD.MethodsIn this reanalysis of our RDD dataset (N = 3106 cases; 459 screened control samples and 2699 population control samples), we further investigated the role of larger CNVs and chromosomal abnormalities in RDD and performed association analyses with clinical data derived from this dataset.ResultsWe found an enrichment of Turner’s syndrome among cases of depression compared with the frequency observed in a large population sample (N = 34,910) of live-born infants collected in Denmark (two-sided p = .023, odds ratio = 7.76 [95% confidence interval = 1.79–33.6]), a case of diploid/triploid mosaicism, and several cases of uniparental isodisomy. In contrast to our previous analysis, large deletion CNVs were no more frequent in cases than control samples, although deletion CNVs in cases contained more genes than control samples (two-sided p = .0002).ConclusionsAfter statistical correction for multiple comparisons, our data do not support a substantial role for CNVs in RDD, although (as has been observed in similar samples) occasional cases may harbor large variants with etiological significance. Genetic pleiotropy and sample heterogeneity suggest that very large sample sizes are required to study conclusively the role of genetic variation in mood disorders
The new vertical neutron beam line at the CERN n_TOF facility design and outlook on the performance

AbstractAt the neutron time-of-flight facility n_TOF at CERN a new vertical beam line was constructed in 2014, in order to extend the experimental possibilities at this facility to an even wider range of challenging cross-section measurements of interest in astrophysics, nuclear technology and medical physics. The design of the beam line and the experimental hall was based on FLUKA Monte Carlo simulations, aiming at maximizing the neutron flux, reducing the beam halo and minimizing the background from neutrons interacting with the collimator or back-scattered in the beam dump.The present paper gives an overview on the design of the beam line and the relevant elements and provides an outlook on the expected performance regarding the neutron beam intensity, shape and energy resolution, as well as the neutron and photon backgrounds
A Vinculin Binding Domain from the Talin Rod Unfolds to Form a Complex with the Vinculin Head

SummaryThe cytoskeletal protein talin plays a key role in activating integrins and in coupling them to the actin cytoskeleton. Its N-terminal globular head, which binds β integrins, is linked to an extended rod having a C-terminal actin binding site and several vinculin binding sites (VBSs). The NMR structure of residues 755–889 of the rod (containing a VBS) is shown to be an amphipathic four-helix bundle with a left-handed topology. A talin peptide corresponding to the VBS binds the vinculin head; the X-ray crystallographic structure of this complex shows that the residues which interact with vinculin are buried in the hydrophobic core of the talin fragment. NMR shows that the interaction involves a major structural change in the talin fragment, including unfolding of one of its helices, making the VBS accessible to vinculin. Interestingly, the talin 755–889 fragment binds more than one vinculin head molecule, suggesting that the talin rod may contain additional as yet unrecognized VBSs
Moduli via double pants decompositions

AbstractWe consider (local) parameterizations of Teichmüller space Tg,n (of genus g hyperbolic surfaces with n boundary components) by lengths of 6g−6+3n geodesics. We find a large family of suitable sets of 6g−6+3n geodesics, each set forming a special structure called “admissible double pants decomposition”. For admissible double pants decompositions containing no double curves we show that the lengths of curves contained in the decomposition determine the point of Tg,n up to finitely many choices. Moreover, these lengths provide a local coordinate in a neighborhood of all points of Tg,n∖X where X is a union of 3g−3+n hypersurfaces. Furthermore, there exists a groupoid acting transitively on admissible double pants decompositions and generated by transformations exchanging only one curve of the decomposition. The local charts arising from different double pants decompositions compose an atlas covering the Teichmüller space. The gluings of the adjacent charts are coming from the elementary transformations of the decompositions, the gluing functions are algebraic. The same charts provide an atlas for a large part of the boundary strata in Deligne–Mumford compactification of the moduli space Mg,n