		111th CONGRESS
		1st Session
		S. CON. RES. 26
		IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED
		  STATES
		CONCURRENT RESOLUTION
		Apologizing for the enslavement and racial
		  segregation of African-Americans.

		Whereas
			 during the history of the Nation, the United States has grown into a symbol of
			 democracy and freedom around the world;
		Whereas
			 the legacy of African-Americans is interwoven with the very fabric of the
			 democracy and freedom of the United States;
		Whereas
			 millions of Africans and their descendants were enslaved in the United States
			 and the 13 American colonies from 1619 through 1865;
		Whereas
			 Africans forced into slavery were brutalized, humiliated, dehumanized, and
			 subjected to the indignity of being stripped of their names and
			 heritage;
		Whereas
			 many enslaved families were torn apart after family members were sold
			 separately;
		Whereas
			 the system of slavery and the visceral racism against people of African descent
			 upon which it depended became enmeshed in the social fabric of the United
			 States;
		Whereas
			 slavery was not officially abolished until the ratification of the 13th
			 amendment to the Constitution of the United States in 1865, after the end of
			 the Civil War;
		Whereas
			 after emancipation from 246 years of slavery, African-Americans soon saw the
			 fleeting political, social, and economic gains they made during Reconstruction
			 eviscerated by virulent racism, lynchings, disenfranchisement, Black Codes, and
			 racial segregation laws that imposed a rigid system of officially sanctioned
			 racial segregation in virtually all areas of life;
		Whereas
			 the system of de jure racial segregation known as Jim Crow,
			 which arose in certain parts of the United States after the Civil War to create
			 separate and unequal societies for Whites and African-Americans, was a direct
			 result of the racism against people of African descent that was engendered by
			 slavery;
		Whereas
			 the system of Jim Crow laws officially existed until the 1960s—a century after
			 the official end of slavery in the United States—until Congress took action to
			 end it, but the vestiges of Jim Crow continue to this day;
		Whereas
			 African-Americans continue to suffer from the consequences of slavery and Jim
			 Crow laws—long after both systems were formally abolished—through enormous
			 damage and loss, both tangible and intangible, including the loss of human
			 dignity and liberty;
		Whereas
			 the story of the enslavement and de jure segregation of African-Americans and
			 the dehumanizing atrocities committed against them should not be purged from or
			 minimized in the telling of the history of the United States;
		Whereas
			 those African-Americans who suffered under slavery and Jim Crow laws, and their
			 descendants, exemplify the strength of the human character and provide a model
			 of courage, commitment, and perseverance;
		Whereas
			 on July 8, 2003, during a trip to Goree Island, Senegal, a former slave port,
			 President George W. Bush acknowledged the continuing legacy of slavery in life
			 in the United States and the need to confront that legacy, when he stated that
			 slavery was . . . one of the greatest crimes of history . . . The racial
			 bigotry fed by slavery did not end with slavery or with segregation. And many
			 of the issues that still trouble America have roots in the bitter experience of
			 other times. But however long the journey, our destiny is set: liberty and
			 justice for all.;
		Whereas
			 President Bill Clinton also acknowledged the deep-seated problems caused by the
			 continuing legacy of racism against African-Americans that began with slavery,
			 when he initiated a national dialogue about race;
		Whereas
			 an apology for centuries of brutal dehumanization and injustices cannot erase
			 the past, but confession of the wrongs committed and a formal apology to
			 African-Americans will help bind the wounds of the Nation that are rooted in
			 slavery and can speed racial healing and reconciliation and help the people of
			 the United States understand the past and honor the history of all people of
			 the United States;
		Whereas
			 the legislatures of the Commonwealth of Virginia and the States of Alabama,
			 Florida, Maryland, and North Carolina have taken the lead in adopting
			 resolutions officially expressing appropriate remorse for slavery, and other
			 State legislatures are considering similar resolutions; and
		Whereas
			 it is important for the people of the United States, who legally recognized
			 slavery through the Constitution and the laws of the United States, to make a
			 formal apology for slavery and for its successor, Jim Crow, so they can move
			 forward and seek reconciliation, justice, and harmony for all people of the
			 United States: Now, therefore, be it

		That the sense of the Congress is the
			 following:
			(1)Apology for the enslavement and segregation
			 of African-AmericansThe
			 Congress—
				(A)acknowledges the fundamental injustice,
			 cruelty, brutality, and inhumanity of slavery and Jim Crow laws;
				(B)apologizes to African-Americans on behalf
			 of the people of the United States, for the wrongs committed against them and
			 their ancestors who suffered under slavery and Jim Crow laws; and
				(C)expresses its recommitment to the principle
			 that all people are created equal and endowed with inalienable rights to life,
			 liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and calls on all people of the United
			 States to work toward eliminating racial prejudices, injustices, and
			 discrimination from our society.
				(2)DisclaimerNothing in this resolution—
				(A)authorizes or supports any claim against
			 the United States; or
				(B)serves as a settlement of any claim against
			 the United States.

			Passed the Senate
			 June 18, 2009.

			Secretary


116 S1931 RS: Western Area Power Administration Transparency Act
U.S. Senate
2019-06-20
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.

IICalendar No. 262116th CONGRESS1st SessionS. 1931[Report No. 116–142]IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATESJune 20, 2019Ms. McSally (for herself and Ms. Sinema) introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Energy and Natural ResourcesOctober 23, 2019Reported by Ms. Murkowski, without amendmentA BILLTo require the Administrator of the Western Area Power Administration to establish a pilot project
			 to provide increased transparency for customers, and for other purposes.

 1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Western Area Power Administration Transparency Act.
		2.Western Area Power Administration pilot project
 (a)In generalNot later than 120 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator of the Western Area Power Administration (referred to in this section as the Administrator) shall—
 (1)establish a pilot project, as part of the continuous process improvement program and to provide increased transparency for customers—
 (A)to make available a database of information relating to the Western Area Power Administration in accordance with paragraph (2); and
 (B)to provide annual updates to the database in accordance with subsection (b); and (2)publish on a publicly available website of the Western Area Power Administration, a database of the following information, beginning with fiscal year 2008, relating to the Western Area Power Administration:
 (A)By power system and in a consistent format, rates charged to customers for power and transmission service.
 (B)By power system, the amount of capacity or energy sold. (C)By region, an accounting, at the task level, budget activity level, organizational code level, and object class level, of all expenditures, including—
 (i)indirect costs, including overhead costs; (ii)direct charges and direct allocations;
 (iii)costs related to contract staff; (iv)costs related to independent consultants;
 (v)the number of full-time equivalents; (vi)charges to the region from the headquarters office of the Western Area Power Administration for all annual and capital costs; and
 (vii)expenses incurred on behalf of other Federal agencies or programs or third parties for the administration of programs not related to the marketing, transmission, or wheeling of Federal hydropower resources within the Western Area Power Administration marketing area, including—
 (I)indirect costs, including overhead costs; (II)direct charges and allocations;
 (III)costs related to contract staff; and (IV)the number of full-time equivalents.
 (D)For the headquarters office of the Western Area Power Administration, an accounting, at the task level, budget activity level, organizational code level, and object class level, of all expenditures, including—
 (i)indirect costs, including overhead costs; (ii)direct charges and direct allocations;
 (iii)costs related to contract staff; (iv)costs related to independent consultants;
 (v)the number of full-time equivalents; (vi)a summary of any expenditures described in this paragraph, with the total amount paid by each region and power system; and
 (vii)expenses incurred on behalf of other Federal agencies or programs or third parties for the administration of programs not related to the marketing, transmission, or wheeling of Federal hydropower resources within the Western Area Power Administration marketing area, including—
 (I)indirect costs, including overhead costs; (II)direct charges and allocations;
 (III)costs related to contract staff; and (IV)the number of full-time equivalents.
 (E)Capital expenditures for each project, including— (i)capital investments delineated by the year in which each investment is placed into service; and
 (ii)the sources of capital for each investment. (b)Annual summary (1)In generalNot later than 120 days after the end of each fiscal year in which the pilot project is being carried out under this section, the Administrator shall make available on a publicly available website—
 (A)updates to documents made available on the date of the initial publication of the information on the website under subsection (a)(2);
 (B)an identification of the annual changes in the information published on the website under subsection (a)(2);
 (C)the reasons for the changes identified under subparagraph (B); (D)subject to paragraph (2), the total amount of the unobligated balances retained by the Western Area Power Administration at the end of the prior fiscal year within each project and headquarters by—
 (i)purpose or function; (ii)source of funding;
 (iii)anticipated program allotment; and (iv)underlying authority for each source of funding; and
 (E)the anticipated level of unobligated balances that the Western Area Power Administration expects to retain at the end of the fiscal year in which the annual summary is published, as delineated by each of the categories described in clauses (i) through (iv) of subparagraph (D).
 (2)LimitationAmounts in the Upper Colorado River Basin Fund established by section 5(a) of the Act of April 11, 1956 (commonly known as the Colorado River Storage Project Act) (43 U.S.C. 620d(a)), shall not be considered to be an unobligated balance retained by the Western Area Power Administration for purposes of paragraph (1)(D).
 (c)TerminationThe pilot project under this section shall terminate on the date that is 7 years after the date of enactment of this Act.October 23, 2019Reported without amendment


108 HR 6044 IH: Accurate Labels Act
U.S. House of Representatives
2020-03-02
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.

I116th CONGRESS2d SessionH. R. 6044IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVESMarch 2, 2020Mr. Kinzinger (for himself and Mr. Schrader) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Energy and CommerceA BILLTo amend the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act to require that Federal and State mandated information declarations and labeling requirements applicable to the chemical composition of, and radiation emitted by, consumer products meet minimum scientific standards to deliver accurate and clear information, and for other purposes.1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the Accurate Labels Act.2.Standard for product labeling information regarding chemical composition and radiation(a)In generalThe Fair Packaging and Labeling Act (15 U.S.C. 1451 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following:14.Standard for product labeling information regarding chemical composition and radiation(a)DefinitionsIn this section:(1)Best available scienceThe term best available science means science—(A)that is conducted in accordance with sound and objective scientific practices;(B)the findings and underlying data of which are—(i)reliable; and(ii)if available, peer-reviewed; and(C)that uses data that is collected by—(i)an accepted method; or(ii)the best available method if the reliability of the method and the nature of the decision to which the method applies justifies the use of the data.(2)ConstituentThe term constituent means any organic or inorganic chemical substance of a particular molecular identity.(3)Consumer productThe term consumer product has the meaning given the term in section 3(a) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)).(4)Covered declaration requirementThe term covered declaration requirement means a legally enforceable requirement that—(A)requires a responsible person to display or communicate covered information to a consumer; and(B)may be provided through—(i)a statement;(ii)a notice;(iii)a caution;(iv)a warning;(v)a symbol;(vi)a pictogram;(vii)a vignette;(viii)packaging information;(ix)an insert;(x)a sign;(xi)a pamphlet;(xii)an instruction;(xiii)a list of ingredients;(xiv)ingredient declaration information;(xv)a database;(xvi)an internet website; or(xvii)other media, including social media.(5)Covered information(A)In generalThe term covered information means information that—(i)relates to—(I)a product constituent; or(II)radiation emitted by a covered product; and(ii)expressly or by implication conveys a claim regarding or characterizing the relationship between any constituent or radiation and—(I)a disease;(II)a toxicological endpoint; or(III)a health-related condition.(B)Implied claimsFor the purposes of subparagraph (A)(ii), an implied claim includes a situation in which an item described in clause (i), (v), (vi), (vii), or (xvii) of paragraph (4)(B) suggests, within the context in which the item is presented, that a relationship exists between the presence or level of a constituent in a covered product, or the level of exposure to a constituent, and—(i)a disease;(ii)a health-related condition; or(iii)the likelihood of a health-related condition.(6)Covered productThe term covered product—(A)means—(i)a consumer product; or(ii)a consumer commodity; and(B)includes any packaging with respect to a consumer product or consumer commodity described in clause (i) and (ii) of subparagraph (A), respectively.(7)De minimis risk levelThe term de minimis risk level means—(A)a level of risk that is based on the best available science and the weight of the evidence;(B)with respect to a constituent or radiation that is a carcinogen, that the level of risk described in subparagraph (A)—(i)is determined based on a safety evaluation that includes non-linear modeling approaches that are consistent with available data and scientific understanding of endogenous exposures and a mode of action in lieu of, or, at a minimum, in addition to, a linear default method;(ii)takes into consideration factors that include the weight of the evidence, data quality and study reliability, the nature and severity of any health effects involved, the size of any sensitive population that is at risk with respect to the constituent or radiation, as applicable, and the kind and degree of any relevant scientific uncertainties; and(iii)after applying the principles described in clauses (i) and (ii)—(I)if the likely operative cancer mode of action with respect to the constituent or radiation supports use of a linear default model, is the level of exposure to the constituent or radiation every day for 70 years that would result in a not greater than 1 in 100,000 chance of developing cancer for an individual who is exposed to the constituent or radiation; and(II)if the likely operative cancer mode of action with respect to the constituent or radiation is non-linear, is the level of exposure to the constituent or radiation every day for 70 years that would result in a not greater than 1 in 1,000 chance of developing cancer for an individual who is exposed to the constituent or radiation; and(C)with respect to a constituent or radiation that is a systemic toxicant, including a reproductive or developmental toxicant, the level of exposure to the constituent or radiation, as applicable, that would result in a not greater than 1 in 1,000 chance of a significant adverse health impact.(8)Naturally occurringThe term naturally occurring means, with respect to a constituent and a covered product, that the constituent occurs in—(A)any plant, animal, or microorganism, or any raw material or a constituent derived from a plant, animal, or microorganism, that composes or is a part of the covered product; and(B)the covered product because of—(i)(I)activity that is authorized pursuant to regulation or permitting; or(II)human activity; and(ii)any physical processing, preparation, or packaging of—(I)a plant, animal, or microorganism; or(II)any raw material or constituent derived from an entity described in subclause (I).(9)Non-functional constituentThe term non-functional constituent means, with respect to a covered product, any constituent—(A)that—(i)is an incidental component, at insignificant levels, of an ingredient of the covered product;(ii)is, at insignificant levels, a breakdown product of an ingredient of the covered product;(iii)is a byproduct of the manufacturing process with respect to the covered product;(iv)has not been intentionally added as a separate substance during the manufacturing process with respect to the covered product; and(v)serves no technical or functional effect with respect to the covered product; and(B)the presence of which does not endanger public health.(10)Product constituentThe term product constituent means a chemical or chemical substance that—(A)comprises a covered product (or a component of, or material with respect to, a covered product) in whole or part; and(B)is present in a covered product as—(i)part of a specified set of ingredients; or(ii)a non-functional constituent.(11)Radiation(A)In generalThe term radiation means—(i)electromagnetic radiation, including the entire electromagnetic spectrum of radiation of any wavelength; and(ii)radiation from naturally occurring radioactive elements, including—(I)uranium, thorium, and potassium;(II)any radioactive decay products of an element described in subclause (I), trace concentrations of which may occur in materials such as stone or granite; and(III)any other naturally occurring radioactive material.(B)Electromagnetic spectrumFor the purposes of subparagraph (A), the electromagnetic spectrum of radiation includes gamma rays, x-rays, ultraviolet rays, visible rays, infrared rays, microwaves, radiowaves, and low frequency radiation.(12)Responsible personThe term responsible person means—(A)the manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or packager of a covered product that is subject to a covered declaration requirement; and(B)the supplier of any constituent, component, material, chemical or chemical substance, food, or packaging to an entity described in subparagraph (A).(13)Risk-basedThe term risk-based means, with respect to a covered declaration requirement or a de minimis risk level, that the requirement or risk level, as applicable, is based on—(A)the likelihood and degree of injury;(B)the integration and assessment of information, including data, regarding hazards resulting from specific exposures of 1 or more constituents in, or radiation in or emitted from, a covered product; and(C)the recognition of a mode of action within a systematic compilation of scientific data that, within a structured framework, supports a hypothesized, biologically plausible pathway.(14)Trade secretThe term trade secret has the meaning given the term in section 1839 of title 18, United States Code.(15)Weight of the evidenceThe term weight of the evidence means a systematic review method, applied in a manner that is suited to the nature of evidential information or the decision to which the method applies, that uses a pre-established protocol to—(A)comprehensively, objectively, transparently, and consistently identify and evaluate each stream of evidential information, including the strengths, limitations, and relevance of any study that is the basis for that evidential information; and(B)integrate evidence as necessary and appropriate based on the strengths, limitations, and relevance described in subparagraph (A).(b)Prohibition(1)In generalUnless specifically authorized by a Federal statute, no department or agency of the Federal Government, State, political subdivision of a State, or territory or possession of the United States may establish or maintain a covered declaration requirement unless the covered declaration requirement satisfies the standards under paragraph (2).(2)Standards for covered declaration requirements(A)In generalA covered declaration requirement shall satisfy each of the following:(i)The covered information to be displayed or communicated—(I)is clear, accurate, and not misleading or deceptive to consumers with respect to the product to which the covered declaration requirement applies; and(II)is consistent with the requirements under section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45).(ii)The covered information to be displayed or communicated is—(I)risk-based; and(II)based on—(aa)the best available science; and(bb)appropriate weight of the evidence review.(iii)The covered declaration requirement exempts non-functional constituents.(iv)The covered declaration requirement exempts naturally occurring constituents.(v)The covered declaration requirement—(I)exempts the inclusion of trade secrets; and(II)does not otherwise require the disclosure of information described in section 552(b)(4) of title 5, United States Code.(vi)The covered declaration requirement does not preclude the inclusion or delivery of supplemental or clarifying information in the covered declaration requirement with respect to a covered product by a responsible person, if that information is—(I)clear and accurate; and(II)otherwise consistent with the requirements under section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act (15 U.S.C. 45), as in effect on the date of enactment of this section.(vii)Any requirement with respect to a product constituent or the composition of a product allows a responsible person to—(I)subject to clause (v), list ingredients in descending order of predominance;(II)subject to clause (v) and subparagraph (C), list, in any order, any ingredients that are present in low concentrations; and(III)name constituents using any internationally recognized nomenclature system.(B)Burden of demonstrating compliance with Federal standard(i)In generalAny entity described in paragraph (1) that brings an action to enforce a covered disclosure requirement enacted by the entity, or that is a party to a civil action brought under subsection (d) with respect to a covered disclosure requirement enacted by the entity, shall have the burden of establishing by a preponderance of the evidence in the action that the covered disclosure requirement enacted by the entity satisfies subparagraphs (A) and (C).(ii)Preemption in the event of failure to meet burdenIf, in an action described in clause (i), an entity described in that clause fails to meet the burden of the entity required under that clause, the responsible person against which the entity sought to enforce a covered disclosure requirement enacted by the entity, or that brought the civil action with respect to a covered disclosure requirement enacted by the entity, shall not be subject to the covered disclosure requirement enacted by the entity.(C)No covered declaration requiredA covered declaration requirement is not required with respect to a covered product if—(i)with respect to a constituent, the concentration of the constituent in the covered product is below 0.1 percent; and(ii)with respect to the emission of radiation, the level of emission by the covered product is below the risk-based de minimis risk level established by the Commission.(c)Additional declaration optionsIf a department or agency of the Federal Government, a State government, a political subdivision of a State, or a territory or possession of the United States requires a responsible person to display or communicate covered information to a consumer regarding a covered product, that governmental entity shall authorize the responsible person with respect to a covered product to meet the requirements under subsection (b)(2), including by allowing for the omission of information under subsection (b)(2)(C), by communicating the covered information to the consumer through an electronic or digital declaration method that ensures that—(1)information is provided on the accompanying package of the covered product that identifies or otherwise indicates—(A)an electronic or digital link that—(i)shall—(I)provide access to information about the composition of the covered product through an internet website or other landing page;(II)be accompanied by—(aa)the statement Scan here for more; or(bb)equivalent language that reflects technological changes;(III)provide access to the covered information by means of a mobile device, internet website, or other landing page;(IV)include the telephone number described in subparagraph (B); and(V)be of a sufficient size to be easily and effectively scanned or read by a digital device; and(ii)subject to paragraph (2), may not collect, analyze, or sell any personally identifiable information about—(I)individuals who access—(aa)the electronic or digital link; or(bb)the telephone number described in subparagraph (B); or(II)the devices of individuals who access the electronic or digital link; and(B)a telephone number that shall—(i)provide access to additional information about the composition of the product; and(ii)be accompanied with the statement Call for more information about the composition of this product; and(2)if, under other provisions of this Act, information described in paragraph (1)(A)(ii) is required to be collected under paragraph (1), that information—(A)shall be deleted by the responsible person as soon as practicable after fulfilling the required purpose under this Act with respect to the information; and(B)may not be used for any other purpose by the responsible person.(d)Private civil actions(1)In general(A)Authority to bring suitAny responsible person that is subject to a covered declaration requirement, is otherwise required to display or communicate to a consumer covered information about a covered product, or is, or may be, subject to an enforcement action with respect to that requirement by a State or a political subdivision of a State, may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United States against that State (or any private entity that is authorized to bring an enforcement action on behalf of that State) or that political subdivision, as applicable, if the requirement of the State or political subdivision does not comply with the requirements under subsections (b) and (c).(B)TimingFor the purposes of subparagraph (A), a responsible person shall be considered to be subject to an enforcement action beginning on the date on which a State, or a political subdivision of a State, as applicable, enacts a law or promulgates a regulation that maintains or imposes a covered declaration requirement, without regard to—(i)the date on which—(I)compliance is mandated under the law or regulation, as applicable; or(II)enforcement of the law or regulation, as applicable, begins; or(ii)any exemption or exclusion that the responsible person may invoke with respect to compliance with the law or regulation, as applicable.(2)RemediesIn a civil action brought under paragraph (1), a court may grant an injunction to prevent any actual or threatened harm to a responsible person or interstate commerce..(b)Applicability to other laws(1)Effect on State laws generallyNo State, or any political subdivision of a State, may impose a requirement or prohibition with respect to information, warning, and labeling requirements applicable to consumer commodities or consumer products that is in addition to, or different than, the requirements under section 14 of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a).(2)Further requirements(A)DefinitionIn this paragraph, the term responsible person has the meaning given the term in section 14(a) of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a).(B)ConditionA fee, fine, penalty, attorney’s fee, or other cost may only be assessed against a responsible person by a State, or a private entity that is authorized to bring an enforcement action on behalf of a State, if the State or the private entity, as applicable, has satisfied the requirements under section 14(b)(2)(B) of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a).(3)Rule of construction regarding allergen declarationsNothing in this Act, or in the amendments made by this Act, may be construed as amending, altering, or otherwise affecting the requirements under the Food Allergen Labeling and Consumer Protection Act of 2004 (Public Law 108–282; 118 Stat. 905).(c)Savings(1)Clarification of no preemptionNotwithstanding any other provision of this Act, nothing in this Act or section 14 of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a), shall preempt or preclude any cause of action arising from exposure to a chemical substance or mixture for personal injury, wrongful death, property damage, or other injury based on negligence, strict liability, or products liability under any State law, maritime law, or Federal common law or statutory theory.(2)No effect on certain private remedies(A)In generalIn any action described in paragraph (1), any demonstration of satisfying, or not satisfying, the standards set out in this Act or section 14 of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a), shall not be interpreted, in either the plaintiff’s or defendant’s favor, as dispositive in that action.(B)Authority of courtsThis Act or section 14 of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a), does not affect the authority of any court to make a determination in an adjudicatory proceeding under applicable State or Federal law with respect to the admission into evidence or any other use of this Act or section 14 of the Fair Packaging and Labeling Act, as added by subsection (a).


116 HR 1459 IH: U.S.-Israel Cooperation Expansion Act
U.S. House of Representatives
2019-02-28
text/xml
EN
Pursuant to Title 17 Section 105 of the United States Code, this file is not subject to copyright protection and is in the public domain.

I116th CONGRESS1st SessionH. R. 1459IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVESFebruary 28, 2019Mr. Meadows (for himself and Mr. Schneider) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign AffairsA BILLTo support security and law enforcement training and cooperation between the United States and
			 Israel.

 1.Short titleThis Act may be cited as the U.S.-Israel Cooperation Expansion Act. 2.FindingsCongress finds the following:
 (1)On May 9, 2018, the House Committee on Foreign Affairs adopted an amendment stating that it was the policy of the United States to support bilateral cooperation between United States and Israeli law enforcement personnel.
 (2)The United States has a long history of cooperation with Israel. (3)The sharing of distinct experiences can promote security against terrorism, peaceful resolutions to community disputes, and the protection of spaces for civil society.
 (4)Congress has supported bilateral cooperation with Israel to combat the threat of illicit cross-border tunneling and the associated trafficking in arms, persons, and militants and to combat threats from unmanned aerial systems.
 (5)The United States supports law enforcement training, cooperation, and education globally. 3.Sense of CongressIt is the sense of Congress that—
 (1)the United States supports the inclusion of Israel in the International Law Enforcement Academy in Europe; and
 (2)the Secretary of State should support projects in the Middle East through the International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement program.
 4.Statement of policyIt is the policy of the United States to support bilateral training between United States and Israeli law enforcement personnel for the purpose of sharing of best practices relating to anti-terrorism, community policing, and managing mass casualties.