  July 1, 2020

      Title 30
      Mineral Resources
      Part 700 to End
      Revised as of July 1, 2020
      Containing a codification of documents of general applicability and future effect
      As of July 1, 2020

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      Table of Contents
      Page

        Explanation
        v

        Title 30:

          Chapter VII—Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Department of the Interior
          3

          Chapter XII—Office of Natural Resources Revenue, Department of the Interior
          713

        Finding Aids:
        Table of CFR Titles and Chapters
        957
        Alphabetical List of Agencies Appearing in the CFR
        977
        List of CFR Sections Affected
        987

      Cite this Code: CFR

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        Title 1 through Title 16
        as of January 1
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        as of April 1
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        as of July 1
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        as of October 1

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          Oliver A. Potts,

          Director,

          Office of the Federal Register

          July 1, 2020

      THIS TITLE
      Title 30—Mineral Resources is composed of three volumes. The parts in these volumes are arranged in the following order: parts 1—199, parts 200—699, and part 700 to end. The contents of these volumes represent all current regulations codified under this title of the CFR as of July 1, 2020.
      For this volume, Gabrielle E. Burns was Chief Editor. The Code of Federal Regulations publication program is under the direction of John Hyrum Martinez, assisted by Stephen J. Frattini.

    30 CFR Ch. VII (7-1-20 Edition)
    Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Interior

        Title 30—Mineral Resources
        (This book contains part 700 to end)

        Part

            chapter vii—Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Department of the Interior
          700

            chapter xii—Office of Natural Resources Revenue, Department of the Interior
          1201

          CHAPTER VII—OFFICE OF SURFACE MINING RECLAMATION AND ENFORCEMENT, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

          Editorial Note:
          Nomenclature changes to chapter VII appear at 69 FR 18803, Apr. 9, 2004.

          SUBCHAPTER A—GENERAL

        Part
        Page

          700
          General
          9
          701
          Permanent regulatory program
          17
          702
          Exemption for coal extraction incidental to the extraction of other minerals
          32
          705
          Restriction on financial interests of State employees
          38
          706
          Restriction on financial interests of Federal employees
          45
          707
          Exemption for coal extraction incident to government-financed highway or other construction
          51

          SUBCHAPTER B—INITIAL PROGRAM REGULATIONS

          710
          Initial regulatory program
          53
          715
          General performance standards
          59
          716
          Special performance standards
          89
          717
          Underground mining general performance standards
          97
          721
          Federal inspections
          108
          722
          Enforcement procedures
          110
          723
          Civil penalties
          115
          724
          Individual civil penalties
          120
          725
          Reimbursements to States
          122

          SUBCHAPTER C—PERMANENT REGULATORY PROGRAMS FOR NON-FEDERAL AND NON-INDIAN LANDS

          730
          General requirements
          129
          731
          Submission of State programs
          130
          732
          Procedures and criteria for approval or disapproval of State program submissions
          132

          733
          Maintenance of State programs and procedures for substituting Federal enforcement of State programs and withdrawing approval of State programs
          138
          735
          Grants for program development and administration and enforcement
          140
          736
          Federal program for a State
          148

          SUBCHAPTER D—FEDERAL LANDS PROGRAM

          740
          General requirements for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands
          153
          745
          State-Federal cooperative agreements
          161
          746
          Review and approval of mining plans
          164

          SUBCHAPTER E—INDIAN LANDS PROGRAM

          750
          Requirements for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands
          166
          755
          Tribal-Federal intergovernmental agreements
          171
          756
          Indian tribe abandoned mine land reclamation programs
          171

          SUBCHAPTER F—AREAS UNSUITABLE FOR MINING

          761
          Areas designated by Act of Congress
          176
          762
          Criteria for designating areas as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations
          186
          764
          State processes for designating areas unsuitable for surface coal mining operations
          188
          769
          Petition process for designation of Federal lands as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations and for termination of previous designations
          193

          SUBCHAPTER G—SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS PERMITS AND COAL EXPLORATION SYSTEMS UNDER REGULATORY PROGRAMS

          772
          Requirements for coal exploration
          197
          773
          Requirements for permits and permit processing
          201
          774
          Revision; renewal; transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights; post-permit issuance requirements; and other actions based on ownership, control, and violation information
          214
          775
          Administrative and judicial review of decisions
          219
          777
          General content requirements for permit applications
          220
          778
          Permit applications—minimum requirements for legal, financial, compliance, and related information
          222

          779
          Surface mining permit applications—minimum requirements for information on environmental resources
          226
          780
          Surface mining permit applications—minimum requirement for reclamation and operation plan
          229
          783
          Underground mining permit applications—minimum requirements for information on environmental resources
          242
          784
          Underground mining permit applications—minimum requirements for reclamation and operation plan
          245
          785
          Requirements for permits for special categories of mining
          260

          SUBCHAPTER H—SMALL OPERATOR ASSISTANCE

          795
          Permanent regulatory program—small operator assistance program
          273

          SUBCHAPTER I [RESERVED]

          SUBCHAPTER J—PERFORMANCE BOND, FINANCIAL ASSURANCE, AND INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS

          800
          Bond and insurance requirements for surface coal mining and reclamation operations under regulatory programs
          277

          SUBCHAPTER K—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

          810
          Permanent program performance standards—general provisions
          290
          815
          Permanent program performance standards—coal exploration
          291
          816
          Permanent program performance standards—surface mining activities
          292
          817
          Permanent program performance standards—underground mining activities
          329
          819
          Special permanent program performance standards—auger mining
          367
          820
          Special permanent program performance standards—anthracite mines in Pennsylvania
          369
          822
          Special permanent program performance standards—operations in alluvial valley floors
          369
          823
          Special permanent program performance standards—operations on prime farmland
          370
          824
          Special permanent program performance standards—mountaintop removal
          372

          825
          Special permanent program performance standards—special bituminous coal mines in Wyoming
          374
          827
          Permanent program performance standards—coal preparation plants not located within the permit area of a mine
          374
          828
          Special permanent program performance standards—in situ processing
          375

          SUBCHAPTER L—PERMANENT PROGRAM INSPECTION AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES

          840
          State regulatory authority: Inspection and enforcement
          377
          842
          Federal inspections and monitoring
          381
          843
          Federal enforcement
          386
          845
          Civil penalties
          394
          846
          Individual civil penalties
          399
          847
          Alternative enforcement
          401

          SUBCHAPTER M—TRAINING, EXAMINATION, AND CERTIFICATION OF BLASTERS

          850
          Permanent regulatory program requirements—standards for certification of blasters
          403

          SUBCHAPTERS N-O [RESERVED]

          SUBCHAPTER P—PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES

          865
          Protection of employees
          406

          SUBCHAPTER R—ABANDONED MINE LAND RECLAMATION

          870
          Abandoned mine reclamation fund—fee collection and coal production reporting
          409
          872
          Moneys available to eligible States and Indian tribes
          420
          873
          Future reclamation set-aside program
          427
          874
          General reclamation requirements
          427
          875
          Certification and noncoal reclamation
          432
          876
          Acid mine drainage treatment and abatement program
          436
          877
          Rights of entry
          437
          879
          Acquisition, management, and disposition of lands and water
          438
          880
          Mine fire control
          441
          881
          Subsidence and strip mine rehabilitation, Appalachia
          443
          882
          Reclamation on private land
          448
          884
          State reclamation plans
          450
          885
          Grants for certified States and Indian tribes
          453

          886
          Reclamation grants for uncertified States and Indian tribes
          455
          887
          Subsidence insurance program grants
          461

          SUBCHAPTER S [RESERVED]

          SUBCHAPTER T—PROGRAMS FOR THE CONDUCT OF SURFACE MINING OPERATIONS WITHIN EACH STATE

          900
          Introduction
          463
          901
          Alabama
          464
          902
          Alaska
          471
          903
          Arizona
          475
          904
          Arkansas
          483
          905
          California
          485
          906
          Colorado
          493
          910
          Georgia
          503
          912
          Idaho
          509
          913
          Illinois
          514
          914
          Indiana
          523
          915
          Iowa
          534
          916
          Kansas
          536
          917
          Kentucky
          538
          918
          Louisiana
          550
          920
          Maryland
          551
          921
          Massachusetts
          554
          922
          Michigan
          559
          924
          Mississippi
          564
          925
          Missouri
          566
          926
          Montana
          570
          931
          New Mexico
          580
          933
          North Carolina
          591
          934
          North Dakota
          598
          935
          Ohio
          607
          936
          Oklahoma
          615
          937
          Oregon
          623
          938
          Pennsylvania
          629
          939
          Rhode Island
          638
          941
          South Dakota
          643
          942
          Tennessee
          649
          943
          Texas
          660
          944
          Utah
          663
          946
          Virginia
          673
          947
          Washington
          681
          948
          West Virginia
          688
          950
          Wyoming
          697
          955
          Certification of blasters in Federal program States and on Indian lands
          707
          956-999
          [Reserved]

        SUBCHAPTER A—GENERAL

          Pt. 700
          PART 700—GENERAL

            Sec.
            700.1
            Scope.
            700.2
            Objective.
            700.3
            Authority.
            700.4
            Responsibility.
            700.5
            Definitions.
            700.10
            Information collection.
            700.11
            Applicability.
            700.12
            Petitions to initiate rulemaking.
            700.13
            Notice of citizen suits.
            700.14
            Availability of records.
            700.15
            Computation of time.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15313, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54924, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 700 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93319, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 700.1
            Scope.

            The regulations in chapter VII of 30 CFR, consisting of parts 700 through 899, establish the procedures through which the Secretary of the Interior will implement the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201 et. seq.)). Chapter VII is divided into 13 subchapters.
            (a) Subchapter A contains introductory information intended to serve as a guide to the rest of the chapter and to the regulatory requirements and definitions generally applicable to the programs and persons covered by the Act.
            (b) Subchapter B contains regulations covering the initial regulatory program which apply before the applicability of permanent program regulations to persons conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations and other persons covered by the Act.
            (c) Subchapter C sets forth regulations covering applications for and decisions on permanent State programs; the process to be followed for substituting a Federal program for an approved State program, if necessary; the process for assuming temporary Federal enforcement of an approved State program; and the process for implementing a Federal program in a State when required by the Act.
            (d) Subchapter D of this chapter identifies the procedures that apply to surface coal mining and reclamation operations conducted on Federal lands rather than State or private lands and incorporates by reference the requirements of the applicable regulatory program and the inspection and enforcement requirements of subchapter L of this chapter.
            (e) Subchapter E of this chapter contains regulations that apply to surface coal mining and reclamation operations conducted on Indian lands.
            (f)(1) Subchapter F implements the requirements of the Act for—
            (i) Designating lands which are unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations;
            (ii) Terminating designations no longer found to be appropriate; and
            (iii) Prohibiting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on those lands or areas where the Act states that surface coal mining operations should not be permitted or should be permitted only after specified determinations are made.
            (2) Subchapter F does not include regulations governing designation of areas unsuitable for noncoal mining under the terms of section 601 of the Act or the designation of Federal lands under the Federal lands review provisions of section 522(b) of the Act. The Bureau of Land Management of the Department of the Interior is responsible for these provisions which will be implemented when promulgated by regulations in title 43 of the Code of Federal Regulations.

            (g) Subchapter G governs applications for and decisions on permits for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Indian and non-Federal lands under a State or Federal program. It also governs coal exploration and permit application and decisions on permits for special categories of coal mining on non-Indian and non-Federal lands under a State or Federal program. Regulations implementing the experimental practices provision of the Act are also included in subchapter G.
            (h) Subchapter J sets forth requirements for performance bonds and public liability insurance for both surface mining and underground mining activities.
            (i) Subchapter K sets forth the environmental and other performance standards which apply to coal exploration and to surface coal mining and reclamation operations during the permanent regulatory program. The regulations establish the minimum requirements for operations under State and Federal programs. Performance standards applicable to special mining situations such as anthracite mines, steep slope mining, alluvial valley floors, and prime farmlands are included.
            (j) Subchapter L sets forth the inspection, enforcement, and civil penalty provisions that apply to a State, Federal, or Federal lands program.
            (k) Subchapter M sets forth the requirements for the training, examination, and certification of blasters.
            (l) Subchapter P sets forth the provisions for protection of employees who initiate proceedings under the Act or testify in any proceedings resulting from the administration or enforcement of the Act.
            (m) Subchapter R sets forth the regulations for the abandoned mine land reclamation program. These regulations include the fee collection requirements and the mechanisms for implementing the State and Federal portions of the abandoned mine land reclamation program.
            (n) Subchapter S sets forth the regulations that apply to grants for mining and mineral research institutes and grants for mineral research projects.
            [44 FR 15313, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 6934, Feb. 16, 1983; 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984]

            § 700.2
            Objective.
            The objective of chapter VII is to fulfill the purposes of the Act found in section 102 in a manner which is consistent with the language of the Act, its legislative history, other applicable laws, and judicial interpretations.

            § 700.3
            Authority.
            The Secretary is authorized to administer the requirements of the Act, except the following:
            (a) Provisions of the Act that authorize the Secretary of Agriculture to establish programs for the reclamation of rural lands, identification of prime agricultural lands, and other responsibilities described in the Act. Regulations promulgated by the Secretary of Agriculture are in 7 CFR;
            (b) Provisions of the Act for which responsibility is specifically assigned to other Federal agencies, including the Department of Labor, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Corps of Engineers, the Council on Environmental Quality, and the Department of Energy; and
            (c) Authority retained by the States to enforce State laws or regulations which are not inconsistent with the Act and this chapter, including the authority to enforce more stringent land use and environmental controls and regulations.

            § 700.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) The Director of the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, under the general direction of the Assistant Secretary, Energy and Minerals, is responsible for exercising the authority of the Secretary, except for the following:
            (1) Approval, disapproval or withdrawal of approval of a State program and implementation of a Federal program. The Director is responsible for exercising the authority of the Secretary to substitute Federal enforcement of a State program under section 521(b) of the Act.
            (2) Designation of non-Federal lands or Federal lands without the concurrence of the Federal surface managing agency as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations under section 522 of the Act and as unsuitable for non-coal mining under section 601 of the Act; and
            (3) Authority to approve or disapprove mining plans to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands.

            (b) The Director is responsible for consulting with Federal land-managing agencies and Federal agencies with responsibility for natural and historic resources on Federal lands on actions which may have an effect on their responsibilities.
            (c) The States are responsible for the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the initial regulatory program and surface coal mining and reclamation operations and coal exploration under an approved State program and the reclamation of abandoned mine lands under an approved State Reclamation Plan on non-Federal and non-Indian lands in accordance with procedures in this chapter.
            (d) The Secretary may delegate to a State through a cooperative agreement certain authority relating to the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with 30 CFR part 745.
            (e) The Director, Office of Hearings and Appeals, U.S. Department of the Interior, is responsible for the administration of administrative hearings and appeals required or authorized by the Act pursuant to the regulations in 43 CFR part 4.
            [44 FR 15313, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49684, Aug. 24, 1979]

            § 700.5
            Definitions.
            As used throughout this chapter, the following terms have the specified meaning except where otherwise indicated—

              Act means the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (Pub. L. 95-87).

              AML means abandoned mine land(s).

              AML inventory means OSM's listing of abandoned mine land problems eligible to be reclaimed using moneys from the Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund or the Treasury as appropriate.

              Anthracite means coal classified as anthracite in ASTM Standard D 388-77. Coal classifications are published by the American Society of Testing and Materials under the title, Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank, ASTM D 388-77, on pages 220 through 224. Table 1 which classifies the coals by rank is presented on page 223. This publication is hereby incorporated by reference as it exists on the date of adoption of these regulations. Notices of changes made to this publication will be periodically published by the Office of Surface Mining in the Federal Register. This ASTM Standard is on file and available for inspection at the OSM Office, U.S. Department of the Interior, South Interior Building, Washington, DC 20240, at each OSM Regional Office, District Office and Field Office, and at the central office of the applicable State Regulatory Authority, if any. Copies of this publication may also be obtained by writing to the above locations. A copy of this publication will also be on file for public inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Incorporation by reference provisions approved by the Director of the Federal Register February 7, 1979. The Director's approval of this incorporation by reference expires on July 1, 1981.

              Coal means combustible carbonaceous rock, classified as anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, or lignite by ASTM Standard D 388-77, referred to and incorporated by reference in the definition of Anthracite immediately above.

              Department means the Department of the Interior.

              Director means the Director, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, or the Director's representative.

              Eligible lands and water means lands and water eligible for expenditures under title IV of SMCRA and this chapter. Eligible lands and water for reclamation or drainage abatement expenditures under the Abandoned Mine Land program contained in this chapter are those which were mined for coal or which were affected by such mining, wastebanks, coal processing, or other coal mining processes and left or abandoned in either an unreclaimed or inadequately reclaimed condition prior to August 3, 1977, and for which there is no continuing reclamation responsibility. However, lands and water damaged by coal mining operations after that date and on or before November 5, 1990, may also be eligible for reclamation if they meet the requirements specified in § 874.12(d) and (e) of this chapter. Following certification of the completion of all known coal problems, eligible lands and water for noncoal reclamation purposes are those sites that meet the eligibility requirements specified in § 875.14 of this chapter. For additional eligibility requirements for water projects, see § 874.14 of this chapter, and for lands affected by remining operations, see section 404 of SMCRA.

              Emergency means a sudden danger or impairment that presents a high probability of substantial physical harm to the health, safety, or general welfare of people before the danger can be abated under normal program operation procedures.

              Expended means that moneys have been obligated, encumbered, or committed by contract by the State, Tribe, or us for work to be accomplished or services to be rendered.

              Extreme danger means a condition that could reasonably be expected to cause substantial physical harm to persons, property, or the environment and to which persons or improvements on real property are currently exposed.

              Federal lands means any land, including mineral interests, owned by the United States, without regard to how the United States acquired ownership of the lands or which agency manages the lands. It does not include Indian lands. However, lands or mineral interests east of the 100th meridian west longitude owned by the United States and entrusted to or managed by the Tennessee Valley Authority are not subject to sections 714 (surface owner protection) and 715 (Federal lessee protection) of the Act.

              Federal lands program means a program established by the Secretary pursuant to section 523 of the Act to regulate surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands.

              Fund means the Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund established on the books of the U.S. Treasury for the purpose of accumulating revenues designated for reclamation of abandoned mine lands and other activities authorized by section 401 of SMCRA.

              Indian lands means all lands, including mineral interests, within the exterior boundaries of any Federal Indian reservation, notwithstanding the issuance of any patent, and including rights-of-way, and all lands including mineral interests held in trust for or supervised by an Indian tribe.

              Indian tribe means any Indian tribe, band, group, or community having a governing body recognized by the Secretary.

              Office means the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement established under title II of the Act.

              Left or abandoned in either an unreclaimed or inadequately reclaimed condition means, for Abandoned Mine Land programs, lands and water:
            (1) Which were mined or which were affected by such mining, wastebanks, processing or other mining processes prior to August 3, 1977, or between August 3, 1977, and November 5, 1990, as authorized pursuant to section 402(g)(4) of SMCRA, and on which all mining has ceased;
            (2) Which continue, in their present condition, to degrade substantially the quality of the environment, prevent or damage the beneficial use of land or water resources, or endanger the health and safety of the public; and
            (3) For which there is no continuing reclamation responsibility under State or Federal laws, except as provided in sections 402(g)(4) and 403(b)(2) of SMCRA.

              OSM and OSMRE mean the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement established under title II of the Act.

              Person means an individual, Indian tribe when conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Indian lands, partnership, association, society, joint venture, joint stock company, firm, company, corporation, cooperative or other business organization and any agency, unit, or instrumentality of Federal, State or local government including any publicly owned utility or publicly owned corporation of Federal State or local government.

              Person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected or person with a valid legal interest shall include any person—

            (a) Who uses any resource of economic, recreational, esthetic, or environmental value that may be adversely affected by coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations or any related action of the Secretary or the State regulatory authority; or
            (b) Whose property is or may be adversely affected by coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations or any related action of the Secretary or the State regulatory authority.

              Project means a delineated area containing one or more abandoned mine land problems. A project may be a group of related reclamation activities with a common objective within a political subdivision of a State or within a logical, geographically defined area, such as a watershed, conservation district, or county planning area.

              Public office means a facility under the direction and control of a governmental entity which is open to public access on a regular basis during reasonable business hours.

              Reclamation activity means the reclamation, abatement, control, or prevention of adverse effects of past mining by an Abandoned Mine Land program.

              Reclamation program means a program established by a State or an Indian tribe in accordance with Title IV of SMCRA for reclamation of lands and water adversely affected by past mining, including the reclamation plan and annual applications for grants under the plan.

              Regional Director means a Regional Director of the Office or a Regional Director's representative.

              Regulatory authority means the department or agency in each State which has primary responsibility at the State level for administering the Act in the initial program, or the State regulatory authority where the State is administering the Act under a State regulatory program, or the Secretary in the initial or permanent program where the Secretary is administering the Act, or the Secretary when administering a Federal program or Federal lands program or when enforcing a State program pursuant to section 521(b) of the Act.

              Regulatory program means any approved State or Federal program or, in a State with no approved State or Federal program and coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations are on Federal lands, the requirements of subchapters A, F, G, J, K, L, M, and P of this chapter.

              Secretary means the Secretary of the Interior or the Secretary's representative.

              SMCRA means the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended.

              State regulatory authority means the department or agency in each State which has primary responsibility at the State level for administering the initial or permanent State regulatory program.

              Surface coal mining operations mean—

            (a) Activities conducted on the surface of lands in connection with a surface coal mine or, subject to the requirements of section 516 of the Act, surface operations and surface impacts incident to an underground coal mine, the products of which enter commerce or the operations of which directly or indirectly affect interstate commerce. Such activities include excavation for the purpose of obtaining coal, including such common methods as contour, strip, auger, mountain top removal, box cut, open pit, and area mining; the use of explosives and blasting; in situ distillation or retorting; leaching or other chemical or physical processing; and the cleaning, concentrating, or other processing or preparation of coal. Such activities also include the loading of coal for interstate commerce at or near the mine site. Provided, these activities do not include the extraction of coal incidental to the extraction of other minerals, where coal does not exceed 162/3 percent of the tonnage of minerals removed for purposes of commercial use or sale, or coal exploration subject to section 512 of the Act; and, Provided further, that excavation for the purpose of obtaining coal includes extraction of coal from coal refuse piles; and

            (b) The areas upon which the activities described in paragraph (a) of this definition occur or where such activities disturb the natural land surface. These areas shall also include any adjacent land the use of which is incidental to any such activities, all lands affected by the construction of new roads or the improvement or use of existing roads to gain access to the site of those activities and for haulage and excavation, workings, impoundments, dams, ventilation shafts, entryways, refuse banks, dumps, stockpiles, overburden piles, spoil banks, culm banks, tailings, holes or depressions, repair areas, storage areas, processing areas, shipping areas, and other areas upon which are sited structures, facilities, or other property or material on the surface, resulting from or incident to those activities.

              Surface coal mining and reclamation operations means surface coal mining operations and all activities necessary or incidental to the reclamation of such operations. This term includes the term surface coal mining operations.

              Ton means 2000 pounds avoirdupois (.90718 metric ton).
            [44 FR 15313, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49684, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 54753, Aug. 18, 1980; 48 FR 6934, Feb. 16, 1983; 48 FR 20400, May 5, 1983; 50 FR 28189, July 10, 1985; 52 FR 17729, May 11, 1987; 52 FR 39407, Oct. 21, 1987; 73 FR 67629, Nov. 14, 2008; 80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 700.10
            Information collection.

            The collection of information, and recordkeeping requirements, contained in 30 CFR 700.11(d), 700.12(b) and 700.13 has approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0094. The information collected in § 700.11(d) is used by OSMRE and States to establish standards for determining when a mine site is no longer a surface coal mining and reclamation operation and thereby when regulatory jurisdiction may end. The information collection under § 700.12(b) is used by OSMRE to consider need, costs, and benefits of a proposed regulatory change in order to grant or deny a petition that has been submitted. Information collected in § 700.13 identifies the person and nature of a citizen's suit, so that OSMRE or a state can respond appropriately.
            [53 FR 44363, Nov. 2, 1988]

            § 700.11
            Applicability.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, this chapter applies to all coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations, except:
            (1) The extraction of coal by a landowner for his or her own noncommercial use from land owned or leased by him or her. Noncommercial use does not include the extraction of coal by one unit of an integrated company or other business or nonprofit entity which uses the coal in its own manufacturing or power plants;
            (2) The extraction of 250 tons of coal or less by a person conducting a surface coal mining and reclamation operation. A person who intends to remove more than 250 tons is not exempted;
            (3) The extraction of coal as an incidental part of Federal, State or local government-financed highway or other construction in accordance with part 707 of this chapter;
            (4) The extraction of coal incidental to the extraction of other minerals where coal does not exceed 162/3 percent of the total tonnage of coal and other minerals removed for purposes of commercial use or sale in accordance with part 702 of this chapter.
            (5) Coal exploration on lands subject to the requirement of 43 CFR parts 3480-3487.
            (b) This chapter does not apply to the extraction of coal for commercial purposes where the surface coal mining and reclamation operation, together with any related operations, has or will have an affected area of two acres or less. For purposes of this paragraph:
            (1) Where a segment of a road is used for access or coal haulage by more than one surface coal mining operation, the entire segment shall be included in the affected area of each of those operations; provided, that two or more operations which are deemed related pursuant to paragraph (b)(2) of this section shall be considered as one operation for purposes of this paragraph.

            (2) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, surface coal mining operations shall be deemed related if they occur within twelve months of each other, are physically related, and are under common ownership or control.

            (i) Operations shall be deemed physically related if drainage from both operations flows into the same watershed at or before a point within five aerial miles of either operation.
            (ii) Operations shall be deemed under common ownership or control if they are owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by or on behalf of:
            (A) The same person;
            (B) Two or more persons, one of whom controls, is under common control with, or is controlled by the other; or
            (C) Members of the same family and their relatives, unless it is established that there is no direct or indirect business relationship between or among them;
            (iii) For purposes of this paragraph, control means: Ownership of 50 percent or more of the voting shares of, or general partnership in, an entity; any relationship which gives one person the ability in fact or law to direct what the other does; or any relationship which gives one person express or implied authority to determine the manner in which coal at different sites will be mined, handled, sold or disposed of.
            (3) Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph (b)(2) of this section, the regulatory authority may determine, in accordance with the procedures applicable to requests for determination of exemption pursuant to paragraph (c) of this section, that two or more surface coal mining operations shall not be deemed related if, considering the history and circumstances relating to the coal, its location, the operations at the sites in question, all related operations and all persons mentioned in paragraph (b)(2)(ii) of this section, the regulatory authority concludes in writing that the operations are not of the type which the Act was intended to regulate and that there is no intention on the part of such operations or persons to evade the requirements of the Act or the applicable regulatory program.
            (4) The exemption provided by paragraph (b) of this section applies only to operations with an affected area of less than two acres where coal is being extracted for commercial purposes and to surface coal mining operations within that affected area incidental to such operations.
            (c) The regulatory authority may on its own initiative and shall, within a reasonable time of a request from any person who intends to conduct surface coal mining operations, make a written determination whether the operation is exempt under this section. The regulatory authority shall give reasonable notice of the request to interested persons. Prior to the time a determination is made, any person may submit, and the regulatory authority shall consider, any written information relevant to the determination. A person requesting that an operation be declared exempt shall have the burden of establishing the exemption. If a written determination of exemption is reversed through subsequent administrative or judicial action, any person who, in good faith, has made a complete and accurate request for an exemption and relied upon the determination, shall not be cited for violations which occurred prior to the date of the reversal.
            (d)(1) A regulatory authority may terminate its jurisdiction under the regulatory program over the reclaimed site of a completed surface coal mining and reclamation operation, or increment thereof, when:
            (i) The regulatory authority determines in writing that under the initial program, all requirements imposed under subchapter B of this chapter have been successfully completed; or
            (ii) The regulatory authority determines in writing that under the permanent program, all requirements imposed under the applicable regulatory program have been successfully completed or, where a performance bond was required, the regulatory authority has made a final decision in accordance with the State or Federal program counterpart to part 800 of this chapter to release the performance bond fully.

            (2) Following a termination under paragraph (d)(1) of this section, the regulatory authority shall reassert jurisdiction under the regulatory program over a site if it is demonstrated that the bond release or written determination referred to in paragraph (d)(1) of this section was based upon fraud, collusion, or misrepresentation of a material fact.
            [47 FR 33431, July 2, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 40634, Sept. 8, 1983; 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984; 53 FR 44363, Nov. 2, 1988; 54 FR 52120, 54 FR 52120, Dec. 20, 1989; 81 FR 93319, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54924, Nov. 17, 2017]

              Effective Date Note:
              At 52 FR 21229, June 4, 1987, paragraph (b) of § 700.11 was suspended insofar as it excepts from the applicability of 30 CFR chapter VII:
              (1) Any surface coal mining operations commencing on or after June 6, 1987; and
              (2) Any surface coal mining operations conducted on or after November 8, 1987.

            § 700.12
            Petitions to initiate rulemaking.
            (a) Any person may petition the Director to initiate a proceeding for the issuance, amendment, or repeal of any regulation under the Act. The petition shall be submitted to the Office of the Director, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Department of the Interior, Washington, DC 20240.
            (b) The petition shall be a concise statement of the facts, technical justification, and law which require issuance, amendment, or repeal of a regulation under the Act and shall indicate whether the petitioner desires a public hearing.

            (c) Upon receipt of the petition, the Director shall determine if the petition sets forth facts, technical justification and law which may provide a reasonable basis for issuance, amendment or repeal of a regulation. Facts, technical justification or law previously considered in a petition or rulemaking on the same issue shall not provide a reasonable basis. If the Director determines that the petition has a reasonable basis, a notice shall be published in the Federal Register seeking comments from the public on the proposed change. The Director may hold a public hearing, may conduct an investigation or take other action to determine whether the petition should be granted.
            (d) Within 90 days from receipt of the petition, the Director shall issue a written decision either granting or denying the petition. The Director's decision shall constitute the final decision for the Department.
            (1) If the petition is granted, the Director shall initiate a rulemaking proceeding.
            (2) If the petition is denied, the Director shall notify the petitioner in writing, setting forth the reasons for denial.

            § 700.13
            Notice of citizen suits.
            (a) A person who intends to initiate a civil action on his or her own behalf under section 520 of the Act shall give notice of intent to do so, in accordance with this section.
            (b) Notice shall be given by certified mail to the Secretary and the Director in all cases and to the head of the State regulatory authority, if a complaint involves or relates to a specific State. A copy of the notice shall be sent by first class mail to the Regional Director, if the complaint involves or relates to surface coal mining and reclamation operations in a specific region of the Office.
            (c) Notice shall be given by certified mail to the alleged violator, if the complaint alleges a violation of the Act or any regulation, order, or permit issued under the Act.
            (d) Service of notice under this section is complete upon mailing to the last known address of the person being notified.
            (e) A person giving notice regarding an alleged violation shall state, to the extent known—
            (1) Sufficient information to identify the provision of the Act, regulation, order, or permit allegedly violated;
            (2) The act or omission alleged to constitute a violation;
            (3) The name, address, and telephone numbers of the person or persons responsible for the alleged violation;
            (4) The date, time, and location of the alleged violation;
            (5) The name, address, and telephone number of the person giving notice; and
            (6) The name, address, and telephone number of legal counsel, if any, of the person giving notice.

            (f) A person giving notice of an alleged failure by the Secretary or a State regulatory authority to perform a mandatory act or duty under the Act shall state, to the extent known:

            (1) The provision of the Act containing the mandatory act or duty allegedly not performed;
            (2) Sufficient information to identify the omission alleged to constitute the failure to perform a mandatory act or duty under the Act;
            (3) The name, address, and telephone number of the person giving notice; and
            (4) The name, address, and telephone number of legal counsel, if any, of the person giving notice.

            § 700.14
            Availability of records.
            (a) Records required by the Act to be made available locally to the public shall be retained at the geographically closest office of the State or Federal regulatory authority having jurisdiction over the area involved.
            (b) Other records or documents in the possession of the Office may be requested under 43 CFR part 2, which implements the Freedom of Information Act and the Privacy Act.

            § 700.15
            Computation of time.
            (a) Except as otherwise provided, computation of time under this chapter is based on calendar days.
            (b) In computing any period of prescribed time, the day on which the designated period of time begins is not included. The last day of the period is included unless it is a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday on which the regulatory authority is not open for business, in which event the period runs until the end of the next day which is not a Saturday, Sunday, or legal holiday.
            (c) Intermediate Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays are excluded from the computation when the period of prescribed time is 7 days or less.

          Pt. 701
          PART 701—PERMANENT REGULATORY PROGRAM

            Sec.
            701.1
            Scope.
            701.2
            Objective.
            701.3
            Authority.
            701.4
            Responsibility.
            701.5
            Definitions.
            701.11
            Applicability.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15316, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54929, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 701 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93319-93323, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 701.1
            Scope.
            (a) This part provides general introductory material for the permanent regulatory program required by the Act.
            (b) The following regulations apply to the permanent regulatory program:
            (1) Subchapter C on State program application, approval, withdrawal, and grants, and Federal program implementation;
            (2) Subchapter D on surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands;
            (3) Subchapter E on surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands.

            (4) Subchapter F on criteria for designating lands unsuitable for surface coal mining operations and the process for designating these lands or withdrawing the designation by the regulatory authority; Provided, That, part 761 is applicable during the initial regulatory program under subchapter B of this chapter and 30 CFR part 2111
               and that part 769 and other parts incorporated therein are applicable to the initial Federal lands program under 30 CFR part 211;

                1 Editorial Note: 30 CFR part 211 was redesignated as 43 CFR part 3480 at 48 FR 41589, Sept. 16, 1983.

            (5) Subchapter G on the process for application, approval, denial, revision, and renewal of permits for surface coal mining and reclamation operations, including the small operator assistance program, requirements for special categories of these operations, and requirements for coal exploration;

            (6) Subchapter J on public liability insurance and performance bonds or other assurances of performance for surface coal mining and reclamation operations;

            (7) Subchapter K on performance standards which apply to coal exploration, surface coal mining and reclamation operations, and special categories of these operations;
            (8) Subchapter L on inspection and enforcement responsibilities and civil penalties; and
            (9) Subchapter M on the training, examination, and certification of blasters.
            [44 FR 15316, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49685, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 44 FR 77445, Dec. 31, 1979; 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984]

            § 701.2
            Objective.
            The regulations in this part give—
            (a) A general overview of the regulatory program to be implemented by the State or Federal regulatory authority;
            (b) The applicability of that program to coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations; and
            (c) The definitions that apply to the regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

            § 701.3
            Authority.
            The Secretary is required by section 501(b) of the Act to promulgate regulations which establish the permanent regulatory program; by section 523 of the Act to promulgate regulations which establish the Federal lands programs; and is authorized by section 710 of the Act to promulgate regulations which establish a Federal program for Indian lands.
            [49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984]

            § 701.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) A State regulatory authority shall assume primary responsibility for regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations during the permanent regulatory program upon submission to and approval by the Secretary of a State program meeting all applicable requirements of the Act and this chapter. After approval of the State program, the State regulatory authority has responsibility for review of and decisions on permits and bonding for surface coal mining and reclamation operations, approval of coal exploration which substantially disturbs the natural land surface and removes more than 250 tons of coal from the earth in any one location, inspection of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations for compliance with the Act, this chapter, the State program, permits and exploration approvals, and for enforcement of the State program.
            (b) While a State regulatory program is in effect, the Office's responsibility includes, but is not limited to—
            (1) Evaluating the administration of the State program through such means as periodic inspections of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations in the State and review of exploration approvals, permits, inspection reports, and other documents required to be made available to the Office;
            (2) Referring to the State regulatory authority information which creates reasonable belief that a person is in violation of the Act, this chapter, the State regulatory program, a permit condition, or coal exploration approval condition, and initiating an inspection when authorized by the Act or this chapter;
            (3) Issuing notices of violation when a State regulatory authority fails to take appropriate action to cause a violation to be corrected; and
            (4) Issuing cessation orders, including imposing affirmative obligations, when a condition, practice, or violation exists which creates an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public, or is causing or could reasonably be expected to cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources.
            (c) The Office shall implement a Federal program in a State, if that State does not have an approved State program by June 3, 1980. The Office shall not implement a Federal program in a State for a period of up to 1 year following that date if the State's failure to have an approved program by that date is due to an injunction imposed by a court of competent jurisdiction.

            (d) Under a Federal program, the Office shall be the regulatory authority for all coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations in that State and shall perform the functions that a State regulatory authority would perform under an approved State program.
            (e) During the period in which a State program is in effect, the Office shall assume responsibility for enforcing permit conditions, issuing new or revised permits, and issuing necessary notices and orders, when required by 30 CFR part 733.
            (f) The Secretary shall substitute a Federal program under 30 CFR part 736 for an approved State program, when required by 30 CFR part 733.
            (g) The Secretary shall have the responsibility for administration of the Federal lands program. The Director and other Federal authorities shall have the responsibilities under a Federal lands program as are provided for under subchapter D of this chapter. In addition, State regulatory authorities shall have responsibilities to administer the Federal lands program as provided for under cooperative agreements approved by the Secretary in accordance with 30 CFR part 745.
            (h) The Secretary shall have the responsibility for the administration of the Federal program for Indian lands, as provided for under subchapter E of this chapter. The Director and other Federal authorities have the responsibilities under the Indian lands program as are provided for under subchapter E of this chapter.
            [44 FR 15316, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984]

            § 701.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this chapter, the following terms have the specified meanings, except where otherwise indicated:

              Acid drainage means water with a pH of less than 6.0 and in which total acidity exceeds total alkalinity, discharged from an active, inactive or abandoned surface coal mine and reclamation operation or from an area affected by surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

              Acid-forming materials means earth materials that contain sulfide minerals or other materials which, if exposed to air, water, or weathering processes, form acids that may create acid drainage.

              Adjacent area means the area outside the permit area where a resource or resources, determined according to the context in which adjacent area is used, are or reasonably could be expected to be adversely impacted by proposed mining operations, including probable impacts from underground workings.

              Administratively complete application means an application for permit approval or approval for coal exploration where required, which the regulatory authority determines to contain information addressing each application requirement of the regulatory program and to contain all information necessary to initiate processing and public review.

              Affected area means any land or water surface area which is used to facilitate, or is physically altered by, surface coal mining and reclamation operations. The affected area includes the disturbed area; any area upon which surface coal mining and reclamation operations are conducted; any adjacent lands the use of which is incidental to surface coal mining and reclamation operations; all areas covered by new or existing roads used to gain access to, or for hauling coal to or from, surface coal mining and reclamation operations, except as provided in this definition; any area covered by surface excavations, workings, impoundments, dams, ventilation shafts, entryways, refuse banks, dumps, stockpiles, overburden piles, spoil banks, culm banks, tailings, holes or depressions, repair areas, storage areas, shipping areas; any areas upon which are sited structures, facilities, or other property material on the surface resulting from, or incident to, surface coal mining and reclamation operations; and the area located above underground workings. The affected area shall include every road used for purposes of access to, or for hauling coal to or from, surface coal mining and reclamation operations, unless the road (a) was designated as a public road pursuant to the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is located; (b) is maintained with public funds, and constructed, in a manner similar to other public roads of the same classification within the jurisdiction; and (c) there is substantial (more than incidental) public use.

              Agricultural activities means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, the use of any tract of land for the production of animal or vegetable life, based on regional agricultural practices, where the use is enhanced or facilitated by subirrigation or flood irrigation. These uses include, but are not limited to, farming and the pasturing or grazing of livestock. These uses do not include agricultural activities which have no relationship to the availability of water from subirrigation or flood irrigation practices.

              Agricultural use means the use of any tract of land for the production of animal or vegetable life. The uses include, but are not limited to, the pasturing, grazing, and watering of livestock, and the cropping, cultivation, and harvesting of plants.

              Alluvial valley floors means the unconsolidated stream-laid deposits holding streams with water availability sufficient for subirrigation or flood irrigation agricultural activities but does not include upland areas which are generally overlain by a thin veneer of colluvial deposits composed chiefly of debris from sheet erosion, deposits formed by unconcentrated runoff or slope wash, together with talus, or other mass-movement accumulations, and windblown deposits.

              Applicant means any person seeking a permit, permit revision, renewal, and transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights from a regulatory authority to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations or, where required, seeking approval for coal exploration.

              Applicant/Violator System or AVS means an automated information system of applicant, permittee, operator, violation and related data OSM maintains to assist in implementing the Act.

              Application means the documents and other information filed with the regulatory authority under this chapter for the issuance of permits; revisions; renewals; and transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights for surface coal mining and reclamation operations or, where required, for coal exploration.

              Approximate original contour means that surface configuration achieved by backfilling and grading of the mined areas so that the reclaimed area, including any terracing or access roads, closely resembles the general surface configuration of the land prior to mining and blends into and complements the drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain, with all highwalls, spoil piles and coal refuse piles eliminated. Permanent water impoundments may be permitted where the regulatory authority has determined that they comply with 30 CFR 816.49 and 816.56, 816.133 or 817.49, 817.56, and 817.133.

              Aquifer means a zone, stratum, or group of strata that can store and transmit water in sufficient quantities for a specific use.

              Arid and semiarid area means, in the context of alluvial valley floors, an area of the interior western United States, west of the 100th meridian west longitude, experiencing water deficits, where water use by native vegetation equals or exceeds that supplied by precipitation. All coalfields located in North Dakota west of the 100th meridian west longitude, all coalfields in Montana, Wyoming, Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, Idaho, Nevada, and Arizona, the Eagle Pass field in Texas, and the Stone Canyon and the Ione fields in California are in arid and semiarid areas.

              Auger mining means a method of mining coal at a cliff or highwall by drilling holes into an exposed coal seam from the highwall and transporting the coal along an auger bit to the surface.

              Best technology currently available means equipment, devices, systems, methods, or techniques which will (a) prevent, to the extent possible, additional contributions of suspended solids to stream flow or runoff outside the permit area, but in no event result in contributions of suspended solids in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal laws; and (b) minimize, to the extent possible, disturbances and adverse impacts on fish, wildlife and related environmental values, and achieve enhancement of those resources where practicable. The term includes equipment, devices, systems, methods, or techniques which are currently available anywhere as determined by the Director, even if they are not in routine use. The term includes, but is not limited to, construction practices, siting requirements, vegetative selection and planting requirements, animal stocking requirements, scheduling of activities and design of sedimentation ponds in accordance with 30 CFR parts 816 and 817. Within the constraints of the permanent program, the regulatory authority shall have the discretion to determine the best technology currently available on a case-by-case basis, as authorized by the Act and this chapter.

              Coal exploration means the field gathering of:
            (a) surface or subsurface geologic, physical, or chemical data by mapping, trenching, drilling, geophysical, or other techniques necessary to determine the quality and quantity of overburden and coal of an area; or
            (b) the gathering of environmental data to establish the conditions of an area before beginning surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the requirements of this chapter.

              Coal mine waste means coal processing waste and underground development waste.

              Coal preparation means chemical or physical processing and the cleaning, concentrating, or other processing or preparation of coal.

              Coal preparation plant means a facility where coal is subjected to chemical or physical processing or cleaning, concentrating, or other processing or preparation. It includes facilities associated with coal preparation activities, including, but not limited to the following: loading facilities; storage and stockpile facilities; sheds; shops, and other buildings; water-treatment and water-storage facilities; settling basins and impoundments; and coal processing and other waste disposal areas.

              Coal processing waste means earth materials which are separated and wasted from the product coal during cleaning, concentrating, or other processing or preparation of coal.

              Combustible material means organic material that is capable of burning, either by fire or through oxidation, accompanied by the evolution of heat and a significant temperature rise.

              Compaction means increasing the density of a material by reducing the voids between the particles and is generally accomplished by controlled placement and mechanical effort such as from repeated application of wheel, track, or roller loads from heavy equipment.

              Complete and accurate application means an application for permit approval or approval for coal exploration where required, which the regulatory authority determines to contain all information required under the Act, this subchapter, and the regulatory program that is necessary to make a decision on permit issuance.

              Control or controller, when used in parts 773, 774, and 778 of this chapter, refers to or means—
            (a) A permittee of a surface coal mining operation;
            (b) An operator of a surface coal mining operation; or
            (c) Any person who has the ability to determine the manner in which a surface coal mining operation is conducted.

              Cropland means land used for the production of adapted crops for harvest, alone or in a rotation with grasses and legumes, and includes row crops, small grain crops, hay crops, nursery crops, orchard crops, and other similar specialty crops.

              Cumulative impact area means the area, including the permit area, within which impacts resulting from the proposed operation may interact with the impacts of all anticipated mining on surface- and ground-water systems. Anticipated mining shall include, at a minimum, the entire projected lives through bond releases of:
            (a) The proposed operation,
            (b) all existing operations,
            (c) any operation for which a permit application has been submitted to the regulatory authority, and
            (d) all operations required to meet diligent development requirements for leased Federal coal for which there is actual mine development information available.

              Disturbed area means an area where vegetation, topsoil, or overburden is removed or upon which topsoil, spoil, coal processing waste, underground development waste, or noncoal waste is placed by surface coal mining operations. Those areas are classified as disturbed until reclamation is complete and the performance bond or other assurance of performance required by subchapter J of this chapter is released.

              Diversion means a channel, embankment, or other manmade structure constructed to divert water from one area to another.

              Downslope means the land surface between the projected outcrop of the lowest coalbed being mined along each highwall and a valley floor.

              Drinking, domestic or residential water supply means water received from a well or spring and any appurtenant delivery system that provides water for direct human consumption or household use. Wells and springs that serve only agricultural, commercial or industrial enterprises are not included except to the extent the water supply is for direct human consumption or human sanitation, or domestic use.

              Embankment means an artificial deposit of material that is raised above the natural surface of the land and used to contain, divert, or store water, support roads or railways, or for other similar purposes.

              Ephemeral stream means a stream which flows only in direct response to precipitation in the immediate watershed or in response to the melting of a cover of snow and ice, and which has a channel bottom that is always above the local water table.

              Essential hydrologic functions means the role of an alluvial valley floor in collecting, storing, regulating, and making the natural flow of surface or ground water, or both, usefully available for agricultural activities by reason of the valley floor's topographic position, the landscape, and the physical properties of its underlying materials. A combination of these functions provides a water supply during extended periods of low precipitation.

              Excess spoil means spoil material disposed of in a location other than the mined-out area; provided that spoil material used to achieve the approximate original contour or to blend the mined-out area with the surrounding terrain in accordance with §§ 816.102(d) and 817.102(d) of this chapter in non-steep slope areas shall not be considered excess spoil.

              Existing structure means a structure or facility used in connection with or to facilitate surface coal mining and reclamation operations for which construction begins prior to the approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program or Federal lands program, whichever occurs first.

              Farming means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, the primary use of those areas for the cultivation, cropping or harvesting of plants which benefit from irrigation, or natural subirrigation, that results from the increased moisture content in the alluvium of the valley floors. For purposes of this definition, harvesting does not include the grazing of livestock.

              Federal program means a program established by the Secretary pursuant to section 504 of the Act to regulate coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within a State in accordance with the Act and this chapter.
            (a) Complete Federal program means a program established by the Secretary pursuant to section 504 of the Act before June 3, 1980, or upon the complete withdrawal of a State program after June 3, 1980, by which the Director regulates all coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (b) Partial Federal program means a program established by the Secretary pursuant to sections 102, 201 and 504 of the Act upon the partial withdrawal of a State program, by which the Director may regulate appropriate portions of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

              Flood irrigation means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, supplying water to plants by natural overflow or the diversion of flows, so that the irrigated surface is largely covered by a sheet of water.

              Fugitive dust means that particulate matter not emitted from a duct or stack which becomes airborne due to the forces of wind or surface coal mining and reclamation operations or both. During surface coal mining and reclamation operations it may include emissions from haul roads; wind erosion of exposed surfaces, storage piles, and spoil piles; reclamation operations; and other activities in which material is either removed, stored, transported, or redistributed.

              Gravity discharge means, with respect to underground mining activities, mine drainage that flows freely in an open channel downgradient. Mine drainage that occurs as a result of flooding a mine to the level of the discharge is not gravity discharge.

              Ground cover means the area of ground covered by the combined aerial parts of vegetation and the litter that is produced naturally onsite, expressed as a percentage of the total area of measurement.

              Ground water means subsurface water that fills available openings in rock or soil materials to the extent that they are considered water saturated.

              Half-shrub means a perennial plant with a woody base whose annually produced stems die back each year.

              Head-of-hollow fill means a fill structure consisting of any material, other than organic material, placed in the uppermost reaches of a hollow where side slopes of the existing hollow, measured at the steepest point, are greater than 20 degrees or the average slope of the profile of the hollow from the toe of the fill to the top of the fill is greater than 10 degrees. In head-of-hollow fills the top surface of the fill, when completed, is at approximately the same elevation as the adjacent ridge line, and no significant area of natural drainage occurs above the fill draining into the fill area.

              Higher or better uses means postmining land uses that have a higher economic value or nonmonetary benefit to the landowner or the community than the premining land uses.

              Highwall means the face of exposed overburden and coal in an open cut of a surface coal mining activity or for entry to underground mining activities.

              Highwall remnant means that portion of highwall that remains after backfilling and grading of a remining permit area.

              Historically used for cropland means
            (a) lands that have been used for cropland for any 5 years or more out of the 10 years immediately preceding the acquisition, including purchase, lease, or option, of the land for the purpose of conducting or allowing through resale, lease or option the conduct of surface coal mining and reclamation operations;
            (b) lands that the regulatory authority determines, on the basis of additional cropland history of the surrounding lands and the lands under consideration, that the permit area is clearly cropland but falls outside the specific 5-years-in-10 criterion, in which case the regulations for prime farmland may be applied to include more years of cropland history only to increase the prime farmland acreage to be preserved; or
            (c) lands that would likely have been used as cropland for any 5 out of the last 10 years, immediately preceding such acquisition but for the same fact of ownership or control of the land unrelated to the productivity of the land.

              Hydrologic balance means the relationship between the quality and quantity of water inflow to, water outflow from, and water storage in a hydrologic unit such as a drainage basin, aquifer, soil zone, lake, or reservoir. It encompasses the dynamic relationships among precipitation, runoff, evaporation, and changes in ground and surface water storage.

              Hydrologic regime means the entire state of water movement in a given area. It is a function of the climate and includes the phenomena by which water first occurs as atmospheric water vapor, passes into a liquid or solid form, falls as precipitation, moves along or into the ground surface, and returns to the atmosphere as vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration.

              Imminent danger to the health and safety of the public means the existence of any condition or practice, or any violation of a permit or other requirements of the Act in a surface coal mining and reclamation operation, which could reasonably be expected to cause substantial physical harm to persons outside the permit area before the condition, practice, or violation can be abated. A reasonable expectation of death or serious injury before abatement exists if a rational person, subjected to the same condition or practice giving rise to the peril, would avoid exposure to the danger during the time necessary for abatement.

              Impounding structure means a dam, embankment or other structure used to impound water, slurry, or other liquid or semi-liquid material.

              Impoundments means all water, sediment, slurry or other liquid or semi-liquid holding structures and depressions, either naturally formed or artificially built.

              In situ processes means activities conducted on the surface or underground in connection with in-place distillation, retorting, leaching, or other chemical or physical processing of coal. The term includes, but is not limited to, in situ gasification, in situ leaching, slurry mining, solution mining, borehole mining, and fluid recovery mining.

              Intermittent stream means—
            (a) A stream or reach of a stream that drains a watershed of at least one square mile, or
            (b) A stream or reach of a stream that is below the local water table for at least some part of the year, and obtains its flow from both surface runoff and ground water discharge.

              Irreparable damage to the environment means any damage to the environment, in violation of the Act, the regulatory program, or this chapter, that cannot be corrected by actions of the applicant.

              Knowing or knowingly means that a person who authorized, ordered, or carried out an act or omission knew or had reason to know that the act or omission would result in either a violation or a failure to abate or correct a violation.

              Land use means specific uses or management-related activities, rather than the vegetation or cover of the land. Land uses may be identified in combination when joint or seasonal uses occur and may include land used for support facilities that are an integral part of the use. Changes of land use from one of the following categories to another shall be considered as a change to an alternative land use which is subject to approval by the regulatory authority.
            (a) Cropland. Land used for the production of adapted crops for harvest, alone or in rotation with grasses and legumes, that include row crops, small grain crops, hay crops, nursery crops, orchard crops, and other similar crops.
            (b) Pastureland or land occasionally cut for hay. Land used primarily for the long-term production of adapted, domesticated forage plants to be grazed by livestock or occasionally cut and cured for livestock feed.
            (c) Grazingland. Land used for grasslands and forest lands where the indigenous vegetation is actively managed for grazing, browsing, or occasional hay production.
            (d) Forestry. Land used or managed for the long-term production of wood, wood fiber, or wood-derived products.
            (e) Residential. Land used for single-and multiple-family housing, mobile home parks, or other residential lodgings.
            (f) Industrial/Commercial. Land used for—
            (1) Extraction or transformation of materials for fabrication of products, wholesaling of products, or long-term storage of products. This includes all heavy and light manufacturing facilities.
            (2) Retail or trade of goods or services, including hotels, motels, stores, restaurants, and other commercial establishments.
            (g) Recreation. Land used for public or private leisure-time activities, including developed recreation facilities such as parks, camps, and amusement areas, as well as areas for less intensive uses such as hiking, canoeing, and other undeveloped recreational uses.
            (h) Fish and wildlife habitat. Land dedicated wholly or partially to the production, protection, or management of species of fish or wildlife.
            (i) Developed water resources. Land used for storing water for beneficial uses, such as stockponds, irrigation, fire protection, flood control, and water supply.
            (j) Undeveloped land or no current use or land management. Land that is undeveloped or, if previously developed, land that has been allowed to return naturally to an undeveloped state or has been allowed to return to forest through natural succession.

              Lands eligible for remining means those lands that would otherwise be eligible for expenditures under section 404 or under section 402(g)(4) of the Act.

              Material damage, in the context of §§ 784.20 and 817.121 of this chapter, means:
            (a) Any functional impairment of surface lands, features, structures or facilities;
            (b) Any physical change that has a significant adverse impact on the affected land's capability to support any current or reasonably foreseeable uses or causes significant loss in production or income; or
            (c) Any significant change in the condition, appearance or utility of any structure or facility from its pre-subsidence condition.

              Materially damage the quantity or quality of water means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, to degrade or reduce by surface coal mining and reclamation operations the water quantity or quality supplied to the alluvial valley floor to the extent that resulting changes would signficantly decrease the capability of the alluvial valley floor to support farming.

              MSHA means the Mine Safety and Health Administration.

              Moist bulk density means the weight of soil (oven dry) per unit volume. Volume is measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity (1/3 bar moisture tension). Weight is determined after drying the soil at 105 °C.

              Mulch means vegetation residues or other suitable materials that aid in soil stabilization and soil moisture conservation, thus providing micro-climatic conditions suitable for germination and growth.

              Non-commercial building means any building, other than an occupied residential dwelling, that, at the time the subsidence occurs, is used on a regular or temporary basis as a public building or community or institutional building as those terms are defined in § 761.5 of this chapter. Any building used only for commercial agricultural, industrial, retail or other commercial enterprises is excluded.

              Noxious plants means species that have been included on official State lists of noxious plants for the State in which the surface coal mining and reclamation operation occurs.

              Occupied residential dwelling and structures related thereto means, for purposes of §§ 784.20 and 817.121, any building or other structure that, at the time the subsidence occurs, is used either temporarily, occasionally, seasonally, or permanently for human habitation. This term also includes any building, structure or facility installed on, above or below, or a combination thereof, the land surface if that building, structure or facility is adjunct to or used in connection with an occupied residential dwelling. Examples of such structures include, but are not limited to, garages; storage sheds and barns; greenhouses and related buildings; utilities and cables; fences and other enclosures; retaining walls; paved or improved patios, walks and driveways; septic sewage treatment facilities; and lot drainage and lawn and garden irrigation systems. Any structure used only for commercial agricultural, industrial, retail or other commercial purposes is excluded.

              Operator means any person engaged in coal mining who removes or intends to remove more than 250 tons of coal from the earth or from coal refuse piles by mining within 12 consecutive calendar months in any one location.

              Other treatment facilities mean any chemical treatments, such as flocculation or neutralization, or mechanical structures, such as clarifiers or precipitators, that have a point source discharge and are utilized:
            (a) To prevent additional contributions of dissolved or suspended solids to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area, or
            (b) To comply with all applicable State and Federal water-quality laws and regulations.

              Outslope means the face of the spoil or embankment sloping downward from the highest elevation to the toe.

              Overburden means material of any nature, consolidated or unconsolidated, that overlies a coal deposit, excluding topsoil.

              Own, owner, or ownership, as used in parts 773, 774, and 778 of this chapter (except when used in the context of ownership of real property), means being a sole proprietor or owning of record in excess of 50 percent of the voting securities or other instruments of ownership of an entity.

              Perennial stream means a stream or part of a stream that flows continuously during all of the calendar year as a result of ground-water discharge or surface runoff. The term does not include intermittent stream or ephemeral stream.

              Performance bond means a surety bond, collateral bond or self-bond or a combination thereof, by which a permittee assures faithful performance of all the requirements of the Act, this chapter, a State, Federal or Federal lands program, and the requirements of the permit and reclamation plan.

              Permanent diversion means a diversion remaining after surface coal mining and reclamation operations are completed which has been approved for retention by the regulatory authority and other appropriate State and Federal agencies.

              Permanent impoundment means an impoundment which is approved by the regulatory authority and, if required, by other State and Federal agencies for retention as part of the postmining land use.

              Permit means a permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations issued by the State regulatory authority pursuant to a State program or by the Secretary pursuant to a Federal program. For purposes of the Federal lands program, permit means a permit issued by the State regulatory authority under a cooperative agreement or by OSM where there is no cooperative agreement.

              Permit area means the area of land, indicated on the approved map submitted by the operator with his or her application, required to be covered by the operator's performance bond under subchapter J of this chapter and which shall include the area of land upon which the operator proposes to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the permit, including all disturbed areas; provided that areas adequately bonded under another valid permit may be excluded from the permit area.

              Permittee means a person holding or required by the Act or this chapter to hold a permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations issued by a State regulatory authority pursuant to a State program, by the Director pursuant to a Federal program, by the Director pursuant to a Federal lands program, or, where a cooperative agreement pursuant to section 523 of the Act has been executed, by the Director and the State regulatory authority.

              Precipitation event means a quantity of water resulting from drizzle, rain, snow, sleet, or hail in a limited period of time. It may be expressed in terms of recurrence interval. As used in these regulations, precipitation event also includes that quantity of water emanating from snow cover as snowmelt in a limited period of time.

              Previously mined area means land affected by surface coal mining operations prior to August 3, 1977, that has not been reclaimed to the standards of 30 CFR chapter VII.

              Prime farmland means those lands which are defined by the Secretary of Agriculture in 7 CFR part 657 (Federal Register Vol. 4 No. 21) and which have historically been used for cropland as that phrase is defined above.

              Principal shareholder means any person who is the record or beneficial owner of 10 percent or more of any class of voting stock.

              Property to be mined means both the surface estates and mineral estates within the permit area and the area covered by underground workings.

              Rangeland means land on which the natural potential (climax) plant cover is principally native grasses, forbs, and shrubs valuable for forage. This land includes natural grasslands and savannahs, such as prairies, and juniper savannahs, such as brushlands. Except for brush control, management is primarily achieved by regulating the intensity of grazing and season of use.

              Reasonably available spoil means spoil and suitable coal mine waste material generated by the remining operation or other spoil or suitable coal mine waste material located in the permit area that is accessible and available for use and that when rehandled will not cause a hazard to public safety or significant damage to the environment.

              Recharge capacity means the ability of the soils and underlying materials to allow precipitation and runoff to infiltrate and reach the zone of saturation.

              Reclamation means those actions taken to restore mined land as required by this chapter to a postmining land use approved by the regulatory authority.

              Recurrence interval means the interval of time in which a precipitation event is expected to occur once, on the average. For example, the 10-year 24-hour precipitation event would be that 24-hour precipitation event expected to occur on the average once in 10 years.

              Reference area means a land unit maintained under appropriate management for the purpose of measuring vegetation ground cover, productivity and plant species diversity that are produced naturally or by crop production methods approved by the regulatory authority. Reference areas must be representative of geology, soil, slope, and vegetation in the permit area.

              Refuse pile means a surface deposit of coal mine waste that does not impound water, slurry, or other liquid or semi-liquid material.

              Remining means conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations which affect previously mined areas.

              Renewable resource lands means aquifers and areas for the recharge of aquifers and other underground waters, areas for agricultural or silvicultural production of food and fiber, and grazinglands.

              Replacement of water supply means, with respect to protected water supplies contaminated, diminished, or interrupted by coal mining operations, provision of water supply on both a temporary and permanent basis equivalent to premining quantity and quality. Replacement includes provision of an equivalent water delivery system and payment of operation and maintenance costs in excess of customary and reasonable delivery costs for premining water supplies.
            (a) Upon agreement by the permittee and the water supply owner, the obligation to pay such operation and maintenance costs may be satisfied by a one-time payment in an amount which covers the present worth of the increased annual operation and maintenance costs for a period agreed to by the permittee and the water supply owner.
            (b) If the affected water supply was not needed for the land use in existence at the time of loss, contamination, or diminution, and if the supply is not needed to achieve the postmining land use, replacement requirements may be satisfied by demonstrating that a suitable alternative water source is available and could feasibly be developed. If the latter approach is selected, written concurrence must be obtained from the water supply owner.

              Road means a surface right-of-way for purposes of travel by land vehicles used in surface coal mining and reclamation operations or coal exploration. A road consists of the entire area within the right-of-way, including the roadbed, shoulders, parking and side areas, approaches, structures, ditches, and surface. The term includes access and haulroads constructed, used, reconstructed, improved, or maintained for use in surface coal mining and reclamation operations or coal exploration, including use by coal hauling vehicles to and from transfer, processing, or storage areas. The term does not include ramps and routes of travel within the immediate mining area or within spoil or coal mine waste disposal areas.

              Safety factor means the ratio of the available shear strength to the developed shear stress, or the ratio of the sum of the resisting forces to the sum of the loading or driving forces, as determined by accepted engineering practices.

              Sedimentation pond means an impoundment used to remove solids from water in order to meet water quality standards or effluent limitations before the water leaves the permit area.

              Significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air or water resources means—
            (a) An environmental harm is an adverse impact on land, air, or water resources which resources include, but are not limited to, plant and animal life.
            (b) An environmental harm is imminent, if a condition, practice, or violation exists which—
            (1) Is causing such harm; or,

            (2) May reasonably be expected to cause such harm at any time before the end of the reasonable abatement time that would be set under section 521(a)(3) of the Act.
            (c) An environmental harm is significant if that harm is appreciable and not immediately reparable.

              Siltation structure means a sedimentation pond, a series of sedimentation ponds, or other treatment facility.

              Slope means average inclination of a surface, measured from the horizontal, generally expressed as the ratio of a unit of vertical distance to a given number of units of horizontal distance (e.g., 1v: 5h). It may also be expressed as a percent or in degrees.

              Soil horizons means contrasting layers of soil parallel or nearly parallel to the land surface. Soil horizons are differentiated on the basis of field characteristics and laboratory data. The four master soil horizons are—
            (a) A horizon. The uppermost mineral layer, often called the surface soil. It is the part of the soil in which organic matter is most abundant, and leaching of soluble or suspended particles is typically the greatest;
            (b) E horizon. The layer commonly near the surface below an A horizon and above a B horizon. An E horizon is most commonly differentiated from an overlying A horizon by lighter color and generally has measurably less organic matter than the A horizon. An E horizon is most commonly differentiated from an underlying B horizon in the same sequum by color of higher value or lower chroma, by coarser texture, or by a combination of theses properties;
            (c) B horizon. The layer that typically is immediately beneath the E horizon and often called the subsoil. This middle layer commonly contains more clay, iron, or aluminum than the A, E, or C horizons; and
            (d) C horizon. The deepest layer of soil profile. It consists of loose material or weathered rock that is relatively unaffected by biologic activity.

              Soil survey means a field and other investigation, resulting in a map showing the geographic distribution of different kinds of soils and an accompanying report that describes, classifies, and interprets such soils for use. Soil surveys must meet the standards of the National Cooperative Soil Survey as incorporated by reference in 30 CFR 785.17(c)(1).

              Special bituminous coal mines means those mines in existence on January 1, 1972, or mines adjoining or having a common boundary with those mines for which development began after August 3, 1977, that are located in the State of Wyoming and that are being mined or will be mined according to the following criteria:
            (a) Surface mining takes place on a relatively limited site for an extended period of time. The surface opening of the excavation is at least the full size of the excavation and has a continuous border.
            (b) Excavation of the mine pit follows a coal seam that inclines 15° or more from the horizontal, and as the excavation proceeds downward it expands laterally to maintain stability of the pitwall or as necessary to accommodate the orderly expansion of the total mining operation.
            (c) The amount of material removed from the pit is large in comparison to the surface area disturbed.
            (d) There is no practicable alternative to the deep open-pit method of mining the coal.
            (e) There is no practicable way to reclaim the land as required in subchapter K.

              Spoil means overburden that has been removed during surface coal mining operations.

              Stabilize means to control movement of soil, spoil piles, or areas of disturbed earth by modifying the geometry of the mass, or by otherwise modifying physical or chemical properties, such as by providing a protective surface coating.

              State program means a program established by a State and approved by the Secretary pursuant to section 503 of the Act to regulate surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Indian and non-Federal lands within that State, according to the requirements of the Act and this chapter. If a cooperative agreement under part 745 has been entered into, a State program may apply to Federal lands, in accordance with the terms of the cooperative agreement.

              Steep slope means any slope of more than 20° or such lesser slope as may be designated by the regulatory authority after consideration of soil, climate, and other characteristics of a region or State.

              Subirrigation means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, the supplying of water to plants from underneath or from a semisaturated or saturated subsurface zone where water is available for use by vegetation.

              Substantially disturb means, for purposes of coal exploration, to significantly impact land or water resources by blasting; by removal of vegetation, topsoil, or overburden; by construction of roads or other access routes; by placement of excavated earth or waste material on the natural land surface or by other such activities; or to remove more than 250 tons of coal.

              Successor in interest means any person who succeeds to rights granted under a permit, by transfer, assignment, or sale of those rights.

              Surface mining activities means those surface coal mining and reclamation operations incident to the extraction of coal from the earth by removing the materials over a coal seam, before recovering the coal, by auger coal mining, or by recovery of coal from a deposit that is not in its original geologic location.

              Suspended solids or nonfilterable residue, expressed as milligrams per liter, means organic or inorganic materials carried or held in suspension in water which are retained by a standard glass fiber filter in the procedure outlined by the Environmental Protection Agency's regulations for waste water and analyses (40 CFR part 136).

              Temporary diversion means a diversion of a stream or overland flow which is used during coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations and not approved by the regulatory authority to remain after reclamation as part of the approved postmining land use.

              Temporary impoundment means an impoundment used during surface coal mining and reclamation operations, but not approved by the regulatory authority to remain as part of the approved postmining land use.

              Topsoil means the A and E soil horizon layers of the four master soil horizons.

              Toxic-forming materials means earth materials or wastes which, if acted upon by air, water, weathering, or microbiological processes, are likely to produce chemical or physical conditions in soils or water that are detrimental to biota or uses of water.

              Toxic mine drainage means water that is discharged from active or abandoned mines or other areas affected by coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations, which contains a substance that through chemical action or physical effects is likely to kill, injure, or impair biota commonly present in the area that might be exposed to it.

              Transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights means a change of a permittee.

              Unanticipated event or condition, as used in § 773.13 of this chapter, means an event or condition related to prior mining activity which arises from a surface coal mining and reclamation operation on lands eligible for remining and was not contemplated by the applicable permit.

              Underground development waste means waste-rock mixtures of coal, shale, claystone, siltstone, sandstone, limestone, or related materials that are excavated, moved, and disposed of from underground workings in connection with underground mining activities.

              Underground mining activities means a combination of—
            (a) Surface operations incident to underground extraction of coal or in situ processing, such as construction, use, maintenance, and reclamation of roads, above-ground repair areas, storage areas, processing areas, shipping areas, areas upon which are sited support facilities including hoist and ventilating ducts, areas utilized for the disposal and storage of waste, and areas on which materials incident to underground mining operations are placed; and
            (b) Underground operations such as underground construction, operation, and reclamation of shafts, adits, underground support facilities, in situ processing, and underground mining, hauling, storage, and blasting.

              Undeveloped rangeland means, for purposes of alluvial valley floors, lands where the use is not specifically controlled and managed.

              Upland areas means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, those geomorphic features located outside the floodplain and terrace complex, such as isolated higher terraces, alluvial fans, pediment surfaces, landslide deposits, and surfaces covered with residuum, mud flows or debris flows, as well as highland areas underlain by bedrock and covered by residual weathered material or debris deposited by sheetwash, rillwash, or windblown material.

              Valley fill means a fill structure consisting of any material, other than organic material, that is placed in a valley where side slopes of the existing valley, measured at the steepest point, are greater than 20 degrees, or where the average slope of the profile of the valley from the toe of the fill to the top of the fill is greater than 10 degrees.

              Violation, when used in the context of the permit application information or permit eligibility requirements of sections 507 and 510(c) of the Act and related regulations, means—
            (1) A failure to comply with an applicable provision of a Federal or State law or regulation pertaining to air or water environmental protection, as evidenced by a written notification from a governmental entity to the responsible person; or
            (2) A noncompliance for which OSM has provided one or more of the following types of notice or a State regulatory authority has provided equivalent notice under corresponding provisions of a State regulatory program—
            (i) A notice of violation under § 843.12 of this chapter.
            (ii) A cessation order under § 843.11 of this chapter.
            (iii) A final order, bill, or demand letter pertaining to a delinquent civil penalty assessed under part 845 or 846 of this chapter.
            (iv) A bill or demand letter pertaining to delinquent reclamation fees owed under part 870 of this chapter.
            (v) A notice of bond forfeiture under § 800.50 of this chapter when—
            (A) One or more violations upon which the forfeiture was based have not been abated or corrected;
            (B) The amount forfeited and collected is insufficient for full reclamation under § 800.50(d)(1) of this chapter, the regulatory authority orders reimbursement for additional reclamation costs, and the person has not complied with the reimbursement order; or
            (C) The site is covered by an alternative bonding system approved under § 800.11(e) of this chapter, that system requires reimbursement of any reclamation costs incurred by the system above those covered by any site-specific bond, and the person has not complied with the reimbursement requirement and paid any associated penalties.

              Violation, failure or refusal, for purposes of parts 724 and 846 of this chapter, means—
            (1) A failure to comply with a condition of a Federally-issued permit or of any other permit that OSM is directly enforcing under section 502 or 521 of the Act or the regulations implementing those sections; or
            (2) A failure or refusal to comply with any order issued under section 521 of the Act, or any order incorporated in a final decision issued by the Secretary under the Act, except an order incorporated in a decision issued under section 518(b) or section 703 of the Act.

              Violation notice means any written notification from a regulatory authority or other governmental entity, as specified in the definition of violation in this section.

              Water table means the upper surface of a zone of saturation, where the body of ground water is not confined by an overlying impermeable zone.

              Willful or willfully means that a person who authorized, ordered or carried out an act or omission that resulted in either a violation or the failure to abate or correct a violation acted—
            (1) Intentionally, voluntarily, or consciously; and
            (2) With intentional disregard or plain indifference to legal requirements.
            [44 FR 15316, Mar. 13, 1979]

              Editorial Note:
              For Federal Register citations affecting § 701.5, see the List of CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the Finding Aids section of the printed volume and at www.govinfo.gov.

              Effective Date Note:
              In § 701.5, the definition of Affected area, insofar as it excludes roads which are included in the definition of
                Surface coal mining operations, was suspended at 51 FR 41960, Nov. 20, 1986.

            § 701.11
            Applicability.
            (a) Any person who conducts surface coal mining operations on non-Indian or non-Federal lands on or after 8 months from the date of approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program shall have a permit issued pursuant to the applicable State or Federal program. However, under conditions specified in 30 CFR 773.4(b) of this chapter, a person may continue operations under a previously issued permit after 8 months from the date of approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program.
            (b) Any person who conducts surface coal mining operations on Federal lands on or after 8 months from the date of approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program for the State in which the Federal lands are located shall have a permit issued pursuant to part 740 of this chapter. However, under conditions specified in § 740.13(a)(3) of this chapter, a person may continue such operations under a mining plan previously approved pursuant to 43 CFR part 3480 or a permit issued by the State under the interim State program after 8 months after the date of approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program.
            (c) Any person who conducts surface coal mining operations on Indian lands on or after eight months from the effective date of the Federal program for Indian lands shall have a permit issued pursuant to part 750 of this chapter. However, a person who is authorized to conduct surface coal mining operations may continue to conduct those operations beyond eight months from the effective date of the Federal program for Indian lands if the following conditions are met:
            (1) An application for a permit to conduct those operations has been made to the Director within two months after the effective date of the Federal program for Indian lands and the initial administrative decision on that application has not been issued; and
            (2) Those operations are conducted in compliance with all terms and conditions of the existing authorization to mine, the requirements of the Act, 25 CFR part 216, and the requirements of all applicable mineral agreements, leases or licenses.
            (d) The requirements of subchapter K of this chapter shall be effective and shall apply to each surface coal mining and reclamation operation for which the surface coal mining operation is required to obtain a permit under the Act, on the earliest date upon which the Act and this chapter require a permit to be obtained, except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section.
            (e)(1) Each structure used in connection with or to facilitate a coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation shall comply with the performance standards and the design requirements of subchapter K of this chapter, except that—
            (i) An existing structure which meets the performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter but does not meet the design requirements of subchapter K of this chapter may be exempted from meeting those design requirements by the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority may grant this exemption only as part of the permit application process after obtaining the information required by 30 CFR 780.12 or 784.12 and after making the findings required in 30 CFR 773.15;
            (ii) If the performance standard of subchapter B of this chapter is at least as stringent as the comparable performance standard of subchapter K of this chapter, an existing structure which meets the performance standards of subchapter B of this chapter may be exempted by the regulatory authority from meeting the design requirements of subchapter K of this chapter. The regulatory authority may grant this exemption only as part of the permit application process after obtaining the information required by 30 CFR 780.12 or 784.12 and after making the findings required in 30 CFR 773.15;

            (iii) An existing structure which meets a performance standard of subchapter B of this chapter which is less stringent than the comparable performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter or which does not meet a performance standard of subchapter K of this chapter, for which there was no equivalent performance standards in subchapter B of this chapter, shall be modified or reconstructed to meet the performance and design standard of subchapter K of this chapter pursuant to a compliance plan approved by the regulatory authority only as part of the permit application as required in 30 CFR 780.12 or 784.12 and according to the findings required by 30 CFR 773.15;
            (iv) An existing structure which does not meet the performance standards of subchapter B of this chapter and which the applicant proposes to use in connection with or to facilitate the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation shall be modified or reconstructed to meet the performance and design standards of subchapter K prior to issuance of the permit.
            (2) The exemptions provided in paragraphs (e)(1)(i) and (e)(1)(ii) of this section shall not apply to—
            (i) The requirements for existing and new coal mine waste disposal facilities; and
            (ii) The requirements to restore the approximate original contour of the land.
            (f)(1) Any person conducting coal exploration on non-Federal and non-Indian lands on or after the date on which a State program is approved or a Federal program implemented, shall either file a notice of intention to explore or obtain approval of the regulatory authority, as required by 30 CFR part 772.
            (2) Coal exploration performance standards in 30 CFR part 815 shall apply to coal exploration on non-Federal and non-Indian lands which substantially disturbs the natural land surface 2 months after approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [44 FR 15316, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 44 FR 77446, Dec. 31, 1979; 48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983; 48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983; 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984; 54 FR 13822, Apr. 5, 1989; 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000]

              Effective Date Note:
              A document published at 44 FR 67942, Nov. 27, 1979, temporarily suspended § 701.11(d)(1) and (2), which were redesignated as paragraphs (e)(1) and (2) at 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984, insofar as it may be read to retain discretion in the regulatory authority to grant an exemption from reconstruction of existing structures after making the findings in 30 CFR 773.15.

          Pt. 702
          PART 702—EXEMPTION FOR COAL EXTRACTION INCIDENTAL TO THE EXTRACTION OF OTHER MINERALS

            Sec.
            702.1
            Scope.
            702.5
            Definitions.
            702.10
            Information collection.
            702.11
            Application requirements and procedures.
            702.12
            Contents of application for exemption.
            702.13
            Public availability of information.
            702.14
            Requirements for exemption.
            702.15
            Conditions of exemption and right of inspection and entry.
            702.16
            Stockpiling of minerals.
            702.17
            Revocation and enforcement.
            702.18
            Reporting requirements.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended.

            Source:
            54 FR 52120, Dec. 20, 1989, unless otherwise noted.

            § 702.1
            Scope.
            This part implements the exemption contained in section 701(28) of the Act concerning the extraction of coal incidental to the extraction of other minerals where coal does not exceed 162/3 percent of the total tonnage of coal and other minerals removed for purposes of commercial use or sale.

            § 702.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part, the following terms have the meaning specified, except where otherwise indicated:
            (a) Cumulative measurement period means the period of time over which both cumulative production and cumulative revenue are measured.
            (1) For purposes of determining the beginning of the cumulative measurement period, subject to regulatory authority approval, the operator must select and consistently use one of the following:

            (i) For mining areas where coal or other minerals were extracted prior to August 3, 1977, the date extraction of coal or other minerals commenced at that mining area or August 3, 1977, or

            (ii) For mining areas where extraction of coal or other minerals commenced on or after August 3, 1977, the date extraction of coal or other minerals commenced at that mining area, whichever is earlier.
            (2) For annual reporting purposes pursuant to § 702.18 of this part, the end of the period for which cumulative production and revenue is calculated is either
            (i) For mining areas where coal or other minerals were extracted prior to April 1, 1990, March 31, 1990, and every March 31 thereafter; or
            (ii) For mining areas where extraction of coal or other minerals commenced on or after April 1, 1990, the last day of the calendar quarter during which coal extraction commenced, and each anniversary of that day thereafter.
            (b) Cumulative production means the total tonnage of coal or other minerals extracted from a mining area during the cumulative measurement period. The inclusion of stockpiled coal and other mineral tonnages in this total is governed by § 702.16.
            (c) Cumulative revenue means the total revenue derived from the sale of coal or other minerals and the fair market value of coal or other minerals transferred or used, but not sold, during the cumulative measurement period.
            (d) Mining area means an individual excavation site or pit from which coal, other minerals and overburden are removed.
            (e) Other minerals means any commercially valuable substance mined for its mineral value, excluding coal, topsoil, waste and fill material.

            § 702.10
            Information collection.

            The collections of information contained in §§ 702.11, 702.12, 702.13, 702.15 and 702.18 of this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0089. The information will be used to determine the initial and continuing applicability of the incidental mining exemption to a particular mining operation. Response is required to obtain and maintain the incidental mining exemption in accordance with section 701(28) of the Act.
            Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average one hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Information Collection Clearance Officer, OSM Department of the Interior, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20240; and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (1029-0089), OMB, Washington, DC 20503.

            § 702.11
            Application requirements and procedures.
            (a)(1) Any person who plans to commence or continue coal extraction after April 1, 1990, under a Federal program or on Indian lands, or after the effective date of counterpart provisions in a State program, in reliance on the incidental mining exemption shall file a complete application for exemption with the regulatory authority for each mining area.
            (2) Following incorporation of an exemption application approval process into a regulatory program, a person may not commence coal extraction based upon the exemption until the regulatory authority approves such application, except as provided in paragraph (e)(3) of this section.

            (b) Existing operations. Any person who has commenced coal extraction at a mining area in reliance upon the incidental mining exemption prior to April 1, 1990, in a State with a Federal program or on Indian lands, or prior to the effective date of counterpart provisions in a State program, may continue mining operations for 60 days after such effective date. Coal extraction may not continue after such 60-day period unless that person files an administratively complete application for exemption with the regulatory authority. If an administratively complete application is filed within 60 days, the person may continue extracting coal in reliance on the exemption beyond the 60-day period until the regulatory authority makes an administrative decision on such application.
            (c) Additional information. The regulatory authority shall notify the applicant if the application for exemption is incomplete and may at any time require submittal of additional information.
            (d) Public comment period. Following publication of the newspaper notice required by § 702.12(g), the regulatory authority shall provide a period of no less than 30 days during which time any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by a decision on the application may submit written comments or objections.
            (e) Exemption determination. (1) No later than 90 days after filing of an administratively complete application, the regulatory authority shall make a written determination whether, and under what conditions, the persons claiming the exemption are exempt under this part, and shall notify the applicant and persons submitting comments on the application of the determination and the basis for the determination.
            (2) The determination of exemption shall be based upon information contained in the application and any other information available to the regulatory authority at that time.
            (3) If the regulatory authority fails to provide an applicant with the determination as specified in paragraph (e)(1) of this section, an applicant who has not begun may commence coal extraction pending a determination on the application unless the regulatory authority issues an interim finding, together with reasons therefor, that the applicant may not begin coal extraction.
            (f) Administrative review. (1) Any adversely affected person may request administrative review of a determination under paragraph (e) of this section within 30 days of the notification of such determination in accordance with procedures established under 43 CFR 4.1280 when OSM is the regulatory authority or under corresponding State procedures when a State is the regulatory authority.
            (2) A petition for administrative review filed under 43 CFR 4.1280 or under corresponding State procedures shall not suspend the effect of a determination under paragraph (e) of this section.

            § 702.12
            Contents of application for exemption.
            An application for exemption shall include at a minimum:
            (a) The name and address of the applicant;
            (b) A list of the minerals sought to be extracted;
            (c) Estimates of annual production of coal and the other minerals within each mining area over the anticipated life of the mining operation;
            (d) Estimated annual revenues to be derived from bona fide sales of coal and other minerals to be extracted within the mining area;
            (e) Where coal or the other minerals are to be used rather than sold, estimated annual fair market values at the time of projected use of the coal and other minerals to be extracted from the mining area;
            (f) The basis for all annual production, revenue, and fair market value estimates;
            (g) A description, including county, township if any, and boundaries of the land, of sufficient certainty that the mining areas may be located and distinguished from other mining areas;
            (h) An estimate to the nearest acre of the number of acres that will compose the mining area over the anticipated life of the mining operation;
            (i) Evidence of publication, in a newspaper of general circulation in the county of the mining area, of a public notice that an application for exemption has been filed with the regulatory authority (The public notice must identify the persons claiming the exemption and must contain a description of the proposed operation and its locality that is sufficient for interested persons to identify the operation.);

            (j) Representative stratigraphic cross-section(s) based on test borings or other information identifying and showing the relative position, approximate thickness and density of the coal and each other mineral to be extracted for commercial use or sale and the relative position and thickness of any material, not classified as other minerals, that will also be extracted during the conduct of mining activities;
            (k) A map of appropriate scale which clearly identifies the mining area;
            (l) A general description of mining and mineral processing activities for the mining area;
            (m) A summary of sales commitments and agreements for future delivery, if any, which the applicant has received for other minerals to be extracted from the mining area, or a description of potential markets for such minerals;
            (n) If the other minerals are to be commercially used by the applicant, a description specifying the use;
            (o) For operations having extracted coal or other minerals prior to filing an application for exemption, in addition to the information required above, the following information must also be submitted:
            (1) Any relevant documents the operator has received from the regulatory authority documenting its exemption from the requirements of the Act;
            (2) The cumulative production of the coal and other minerals from the mining area; and
            (3) Estimated tonnages of stockpiled coal and other minerals; and
            (p) Any other information pertinent to the qualification of the operation as exempt.

            § 702.13
            Public availability of information.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, all information submitted to the regulatory authority under this part shall be made immediately available for public inspection and copying at the local offices of the regulatory authority having jurisdiction over the mining operations claiming exemption until at least three years after expiration of the period during which the subject mining area is active.
            (b) The regulatory authority may keep information submitted to the regulatory authority under this part confidential if the person submitting it requests in writing, at the time of submission, that it be kept confidential and the information concerns trade secrets or is privileged commercial or financial information of the persons intending to conduct operations under this part.
            (c) Information requested to be held as confidential under paragraph (b) of this section shall not be made publicly available until after notice and opportunity to be heard is afforded persons both seeking and opposing disclosure of the information.

            § 702.14
            Requirements for exemption.
            (a) Activities are exempt from the requirements of the Act if all of the following are satisfied:
            (1) The cumulative production of coal extracted from the mining area determined annually as described in this paragraph does not exceed 162/3 percent of the total cumulative production of coal and other minerals removed during such period for purposes of bona fide sale or reasonable commercial use.
            (2) Coal is produced from a geological stratum lying above or immediately below the deepest stratum from which other minerals are extracted for purposes of bona fide sale or reasonable commercial use.
            (3) The cumulative revenue derived from the coal extracted from the mining area determined annually shall not exceed 50 percent of the total cumulative revenue derived from the coal and other minerals removed for purposes of bona fide sale or reasonable commercial use. If the coal extracted or the minerals removed are used by the operator or transferred to a related entity for use instead of being sold in a bona fide sale, then the fair market value of the coal or other minerals shall be calculated at the time of use or transfer and shall be considered rather than revenue.
            (b) Persons seeking or that have obtained an exemption from the requirements of the Act shall comply with the following:

            (1) Each other mineral upon which an exemption under this part is based must be a commercially valuable mineral for which a market exists or which is mined in bona fide anticipation that a market will exist for the mineral in the reasonably foreseeable future, not to exceed twelve months from the end of the current period for which cumulative production is calculated. A legally binding agreement for the future sale of other minerals is sufficient to demonstrate the above standard.
            (2) If either coal or other minerals are transferred or sold by the operator to a related entity for its use or sale, the transaction must be made for legitimate business purposes.

            § 702.15
            Conditions of exemption and right of inspection and entry.
            A person conducting activities covered by this part shall:
            (a) Maintain on-site or at other locations available to authorized representatives of the regulatory authority and the Secretary information necessary to verify the exemption including, but not limited to, commercial use and sales information, extraction tonnages, and a copy of the exemption application and exemption approved by the regulatory authority;
            (b) Notify the regulatory authority upon the completion of the mining operation or permanent cessation of all coal extraction activities; and
            (c) Conduct operations in accordance with the approved application or when authorized to extract coal under § 702.11(b) or § 702.11(e)(3) prior to submittal or approval of an exemption application, in accordance with the standards of this part for Federal programs and on Indian lands or in accordance with counterpart provisions when included in State programs.
            (d) Authorized representatives of the regulatory authority and the Secretary shall have the right to conduct inspections of operations claiming exemption under this part.
            (e) Each authorized representative of the regulatory authority and the Secretary conducting an inspection under this part:
            (1) Shall have a right of entry to, upon, and through any mining and reclamation operations without advance notice or a search warrant, upon presentation of appropriate credentials;
            (2) May, at reasonable times and without delay, have access to and copy any records relevant to the exemption; and
            (3) Shall have a right to gather physical and photographic evidence to document conditions, practices or violations at a site.
            (f) No search warrant shall be required with respect to any activity under paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section, except that a search warrant may be required for entry into a building.

            § 702.16
            Stockpiling of minerals.
            (a) Coal. Coal extracted and stockpiled may be excluded fom the calculation of cumulative production until the time of its sale, transfer to a related entity or use:
            (1) Up to an amount equaling a 12-month supply of the coal required for future sale, transfer or use as calculated based upon the average annual sales, transfer and use from the mining area over the two preceding years; or
            (2) For a mining area where coal has been extracted for a period of less than two years, up to an amount that would represent a 12-month supply of the coal required for future sales, transfer or use as calculated based on the average amount of coal sold, transferred or used each month.
            (b) Other minerals. (1) The regulatory authority shall disallow all or part of an operator's tonnages of stockpiled other minerals for purposes of meeting the requirements of this part if the operator fails to maintain adequate and verifiable records of the mining area of origin, the disposition of stockpiles or if the disposition of the stockpiles indicates the lack of commercial use or market for the minerals.
            (2) The regulatory authority may only allow an operator to utilize tonnages of stockpiled other minerals for purposes of meeting the requirements of this part if:
            (i) The stockpiling is necessary to meet market conditions or is consistent with generally accepted industry practices; and
            (ii) Except as provided in paragraph (b)(3) of this section, the stockpiled other minerals do not exceed a 12-month supply of the mineral required for future sales as approved by the regulatory authority on the basis of the exemption application.

            (3) The regulatory authority may allow an operator to utilize tonnages of stockpiled other minerals beyond the 12-month limit established in paragraph (b)(2) of this section if the operator can demonstrate to the regulatory authority's satisfaction that the additional tonnage is required to meet future business obligations of the operator, such as may be demonstrated by a legally binding agreement for future delivery of the minerals.
            (4) The regulatory authority may periodically revise the other mineral stockpile tonnage limits in accordance with the criteria established by paragraphs (b) (2) and (3) of this section based on additional information available to the regulatory authority.

            § 702.17
            Revocation and enforcement.
            (a) Regulatory authority responsibility. The regulatory authority shall conduct an annual compliance review of the mining area, utilizing the annual report submitted pursuant to § 702.18, an on-site inspection and any other information available to the regulatory authority.
            (b) If the regulatory authority has reason to believe that a specific mining area was not exempt under the provisions of this part or counterpart provisions of the State regulatory program at the end of the previous reporting period, is not exempt, or will be unable to satisfy the exemption criteria at the end of the current reporting period, the regulatory authority shall notify the operator that the exemption may be revoked and the reason(s) therefor. The exemption will be revoked unless the operator demonstrates to the regulatory authority within 30 days that the mining area in question should continue to be exempt.
            (c)(1) If the regulatory authority finds that an operator has not demonstrated that activities conducted in the mining area qualify for the exemption, the regulatory authority shall revoke the exemption and immediately notify the operator and intervenors. If a decision is made not to revoke an exemption, the regulatory authority shall immediately notify the operator and intervenors.
            (2) Any adversely affected person may request administrative review of a decision whether to revoke an exemption within 30 days of the notification of such decision in accordance with procedures established under 43 CFR 4.1280 when OSM is the regulatory authority or under corresponding State procedures when a State is the regulatory authority.
            (3) A petition for administrative review filed under 43 CFR 4.1280 or under corresponding State procedures shall not suspend the effect of a decision whether to revoke an exemption.
            (d) Direct enforcement. (1) An operator mining in accordance with the terms of an approved exemption shall not be cited for violations of the regulatory program which occurred prior to the revocation of the exemption.
            (2) An operator who does not conduct activities in accordance with the terms of an approved exemption and knows or should know such activities are not in accordance with the approved exemption shall be subject to direct enforcement action for violations of the regulatory program which occur during the period of such activities.
            (3) Upon revocation of an exemption or denial of an exemption application, an operator shall stop conducting surface coal mining operations until a permit is obtained and shall comply with the reclamation standards of the applicable regulatory program with regard to conditions, areas and activities existing at the time of revocation or denial.

            § 702.18
            Reporting requirements.
            (a)(1) Following approval by the regulatory authority of an exemption for a mining area, the person receiving the exemption shall, for each mining area, file a written report annually with the regulatory authority containing the information specified in paragraph (b) of this section.

            (2) The report shall be filed no later than 30 days after the end of the 12-month period as determined in accordance with the definition of Cumulative measurement period in § 702.5 of this part.
            (3) The information in the report shall cover:

            (i) Annual production of coal and other minerals and annual revenue derived from coal and other minerals during the preceding 12-month period, and

            (ii) The cumulative production of coal and other minerals and the cumulative revenue derived from coal and other minerals.
            (b) For each period and mining area covered by the report, the report shall specify:
            (1) The number of tons of extracted coal sold in bona fide sales and total revenue derived from such sales;
            (2) The number of tons of coal extracted and used or transferred by the operator or related entity and the estimated total fair market value of such coal;
            (3) The number of tons of coal stockpiled;
            (4) The number of tons of other commercially valuable minerals extracted and sold in bona fide sales and total revenue derived from such sales;
            (5) The number of tons of other commercially valuable minerals extracted and used or transferred by the operator or related entity and the estimated total fair market value of such minerals; and
            (6) The number of tons of other commercially valuable minerals removed and stockpiled by the operator.

          Pt. 705
          PART 705—RESTRICTION ON FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF STATE EMPLOYEES

            Sec.
            705.1
            Purpose.
            705.2
            Objectives.
            705.3
            Authority.
            705.4
            Responsibility.
            705.5
            Definitions.
            705.6
            Penalties.
            705.10
            Information collection.
            705.11
            Who shall file.
            705.13
            When to file.
            705.15
            Where to file.
            705.17
            What to report.
            705.18
            Gifts and gratuities.
            705.19
            Resolving prohibited interests.
            705.21
            Appeals procedures.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 705.1
            Purpose.
            This part sets forth the minimum policies and procedures that States must establish and use to implement section 517(g) of the Act in order to eligible for reimbursement of costs of enforcing and administering the initial regulatory program under section 502, or for grants for developing, administering and enforcing a State regulatory program under section 705 of the Act, or to assume primary regulatory authority under section 503 of the Act (Pub. L. 95-87). Compliance with the policies and procedures in this part will satisfy the requirements of section 517(g) of the Act. Section 517(g) prohibits certain employees of the State Regulatory Authority from having any direct or indirect financial interest in any underground or surface coal mining operation. The regulations in this part are applicable to employees of the State Regulatory Authority as defined in § 705.5.

            § 705.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of this part are:
            (a) To ensure that the States adopt a standard program for implementing the provisions in section 517(g) of the Act.
            (b) To establish methods which will ensure, as required by section 517(g) of the Act, that each employee of the State Regulatory Authority who performs any function or duty under the Act does not have a direct or indirect financial interest in any underground or surface coal mining operation.
            (c) To establish the methods by which the monitoring, enforcing and reporting responsibilities of the Secretary of the Interior as stated in section 517(g) will be accomplished.

            § 705.3
            Authority.
            (a) The Secretary of the Interior is authorized by Pub. L. 95-87 to:
            (1) Establish the methods by which he or she and State officials will monitor and enforce the provisions contained in section 517(g) of the Act;
            (2) Establish appropriate provisions for employees of the State Regulatory Authority who perform any function or duty under the Act to file a statement and supplements thereto in order to identify any financial interest which may be affected by section 517(g), and

            (3) Report annually to the Congress the actions taken and not taken during the preceding calendar year under section 517(g) of the Act.

            (b) The Governor of the State, the Head of the State Regulatory Authority, or such other State official designated by State law, is authorized to expand the provisions in this part in order to meet the particular needs within the State.
            (c) The Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of the Interior, is authorized to conduct on behalf of the Secretary periodic audits related to the provisions contained in section 517(g) of the Act and related to the provisions in this part. These audits will be conducted on a cyclical basis or upon request of the Secretary or the Director.
            [42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 56 FR 46987, Sept. 17, 1991]

            § 705.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) The Head of each State Regulatory Authority shall;
            (1) Provide advice, assistance, and guidance to all State employees required to file statements pursuant to § 705.11;
            (2) Promptly review the statement of employment and financial interests and supplements, if any, filed by each employee, to determine if the employee has correctly identified those listed employment and financial interests which constitute a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation;
            (3) Resolve prohibited financial interest situations by ordering or initiating remedial action or by reporting the violations to the Director who is responsible for initiating action to impose the penalties of the Act;
            (4) Certify on each statement that review has been made, that prohibited financial interests, if any, have been resolved, and that no other prohibited interests have been identified from the statement;
            (5) Submit to the Director such Statistics and information as he or she may request to enable preparation of the required annual report to Congress;
            (6) Submit to the Director the initial listing and the subsequent annual listings of positions as required by § 705.11 (b), (c), and (d);
            (7) Furnish a blank statement 45 days in advance of the filing date established by § 705.13(a) to each State employee required to file a statement; and
            (8) Inform annually each State employee required to file a statement with the Head of the State Regulatory Authority, or such other official designated by State law or regulation, of the name, address, and telephone number of the person whom they may contact for advice and counseling.
            (b) The Director, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, shall:
            (1) Provide advice, assistance, and counseling to the Heads of all State Regulatory Authorities concerning implementation of these regulations;
            (2) Promptly review the statement of employment and financial interests and supplements, if any, filed by each Head of the State Regulatory Authority. The Director will review the statement to determine if the Head of the State Regulatory Authority has correctly identified those listed employment and financial interests which constitute a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation;
            (3) Recommend to the State Attorney General, or such other State official designated by State law or the Governor of the State, the remedial action to be ordered or initiated, recommend to the Secretary that action be taken to impose the penalties of the Act, or recommend to the Secretary that other appropriate action be taken with respect to reimbursements, grants, or State programs;
            (4) Certify on each statement filed by the Head of the State Regulatory Authority that the State has completed the review of the statement, that prohibited financial interests have been resolved, and that no other prohibited interests have been identified from the statement;
            (5) Monitor the program by using reports requested from Heads of State Regulatory Authorities and by using periodic audits performed by the Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of the Interior;

            (6) Prepare for the Secretary of the Interior a consolidated report to the Congress as part of the annual report submitted under section 706 of the Act, on the actions taken and not taken during the preceding calendar year under section 517(g);

            (7) Designate if so desired other qualified Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement employees as assistant counselors to assist with the operational duties associated with filing and reviewing the statements from the Heads of each State Regulatory Authority;
            (8) Furnish a blank statement by December 15 of each year, to the Head of each State Regulatory Authority; and
            (9) Inform annually, the head of each State Regulatory Authority of the requirement to file his or her statement with the Director and supply the name, address, and telephone number of the person whom they may contact for advice and counseling.
            (c) State Regulatory Authority employees performing any duties or functions under the Act shall:
            (1) Have no direct or indirect financial interest in coal mining operations;
            (2) File a fully completed statement of employment and financial interest 120 days after these regulations become effective or upon entrance to duty, and annually thereafter on the specified filing date; and
            (3) Comply with directives issued by persons responsible for approving each statement and comply with directives issued by those persons responsible for ordering remedial action.
            (d) Members of advisory boards and commissions established in accordance with State laws or regulations to represent multiple interests, who perform a function or duty under the Act, shall recuse themselves from proceedings which may affect their direct or indirect financial interests.
            [42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 51 FR 37122, Oct. 17, 1986; 56 FR 46987, Sept. 17, 1991]

            § 705.5
            Definitions.

              Act. Means the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95-87.

              Coal mining operation. Means the business of developing, producing, preparing or loading bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, anthracite, or lignite, or of reclaiming the areas upon which such activities occur.

              Direct financial interest. Means ownership or part ownership by an employee of lands, stocks, bonds, debentures, warrants, partnership shares, or other holdings and also means any other arrangement where the employee may benefit from his or her holding in or salary from coal mining operations. Direct financial interests include employment, pensions, creditor, real property and other financial relationships.

              Director. Means the Director or Acting Director of the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement within the U.S. Department of the Interior.

              Employee. Means (a) any person employed by the State Regulatory Authority who performs any function or duty under the Act, and (b) advisory board or commission members and consultants who perform any function or duty under the Act, if they perform decisionmaking functions for the State Regulatory Authority under the authority of State law or regulations. However, members of advisory boards or commissions established in accordance with State law or regulations to represent multiple interests are not considered to be employees. State officials may through State law or regulations expand this definition to meet their program needs.

              Indirect financial interest. Means the same financial relationships as for direct ownership, but where the employee reaps the benefits of such interests, including interests held by his or her spouse, minor child and other relatives, including in-laws, residing in the employee's home. The employee will not be deemed to have an indirect financial interest if there is no relationship between the employee's functions or duties and the coal mining operation in which the spouse, minor children or other resident relatives hold a financial interest.

              Office. Means the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, U.S. Department of the Interior.

              Performing any function or duty under this Act. Means those decisions or actions, which if performed or not performed by an employee, affect the programs under the Act.

              Prohibited financial interest. Means any direct or indirect financial interest in any coal mining operation.

              Secretary. Means the Secretary of the Interior.

              State Regulatory Authority. Means that office in each State which has primary responsibility at the State level for administering this Act. Until an office is established under the provisions of section 503 or section 504 of the Act, this term shall refer to those existing State offices having primary jurisdiction for regulating, enforcing, and inspecting any surface coal mining and reclamation operations within the State during the interim period between the effective date of the Act and the establishment of the State Regulatory Authority under section 503 or section 504.

            § 705.6
            Penalties.
            (a) Criminal penalties are imposed by section 517(g) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95-87. Section 517(g) prohibits each employee of the State Regulatory Authority who performs any function or duty under the Act from having a direct or indirect financial interest in any underground or surface coal mining operation. The Act provides that whoever knowingly violates the provisions of section 517(g) shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $2,500, or by imprisonment of not more than one year, or by both.
            (b) Regulatory penalties are imposed by this part. The provisions in section 517(g) of the Act make compliance with the financial interest requirements a condition of employment for employees of the State Regulatory Authority who perform any functions or duties under the Act. Accordingly, an employee who fails to file the required statement will be considered in violation of the intended employment provisions of section 517(g) and will be subject to removal from his or her position.

            § 705.10
            Information collection.

            The collections of information contained in §§ 705.11 and 705.17 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0067. The information is being collected on OSM Form 23 and will be used to meet the requirements of section 517(g) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, which provides that no employee of the State regulatory authority shall have direct or indirect financial interests in any underground or surface coal mining operation. This information will be used by officials of the state regulatory authority to determine whether each State employee complies with the financial interest provisions of section 517(g). The obligation to respond is mandatory in accordance with section 517(g). Public reporting burden for this information is estimated to average 20 minutes per response per state employee and 30 minutes per response per State regulatory authority, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Information Collection Clearance Officer, Office of Surface Mining, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., room 5415-L, Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project 1029-0067, Washington, DC 20503.
            [56 FR 46988, Sept. 17, 1991]

            § 705.11
            Who shall file.
            (a) Any employee who performs any function or duty under the Act is required to file a statement of employment and financial interests. Members of advisory boards and commissions established in accordance with State laws or regulations to represent multiple interests, who perform a function or duty under the Act, must file a statement of employment and financial interests. An employee who occupies a position which has been determined by the Head of the State Regulatory Authority not to involve performance of any function or duty under the Act or who is no longer employed by the State Regulatory Authority at the time a filing is due, is not required to file a statement.

            (b) The Head of each State Regulatory Authority shall prepare a list of those positions within the State Regulatory Authority that do not involve performance of any functions or duties under the Act. State Regulatory Authorities may be organized to include more activities than are covered by the Act. For example, if a State has identified its Department of Natural Resources as the State Regulatory Authority there may be only one or two offices within that Department which have employees who perform any functions, or duties under the Act. In those cases, the Head of the State Regulatory Authority shall list the title of boards, offices, bureaus or divisions within the State Regulatory Authority which do not perform any functions or duties under the Act and list the positions not performing functions or duties under the Act for only those boards, offices, bureaus or divisions that do have some employees performing functions or duties under the Act. Only those employees who are employed in a listed organizational unit or who occupy a listed position will be exempted from the filing requirements of section 517(g) of the Act.
            (c) The Head of each State Regulatory Authority shall prepare and submit to the director, an initial listing of positions that do not involve performance of any functions or duties under the Act within 60 days of the effective date of these regulations.
            (d) The Head of each State Regulatory Authority shall annually review and update this listing. For monitoring and reporting reasons, the listing must be submitted to the Director and must contain a written justification for inclusion of the positions listed. Proposed revisions or a certification that revision is not required shall be submitted to the Director by no later than September 30 of each year. The Head of each State Regulatory Authority may revise the listing by the addition or deletion of positions at any time he or she determines such revisions are required to carry out the purpose of the law or the regulations of this part. Additions to and deletions from the listing of positions are effective upon notification to the incumbents of the positions added or deleted.
            (e) The Secretary or the Director may modify the listing at any time one or both of them determines that the listing submitted by the Head of a State Regulatory Authority indicates that coverage is not sufficient to carry out the purpose of the law or the regulations of this part.
            [42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 51 FR 37122, Oct. 17, 1986]

            § 705.13
            When to file.
            (a) Employees and members of advisory boards and commissions representing multiple interests performing functions or duties under the Act shall file:
            (1) Within 120 days of the effective date of these regulations; and
            (2) Annually on February 1 of each year, or at such other date as may be agreed to by the Director, provided that such alternative date will allow sufficient time to obtain information needed by the Director for his or her annual report to the Congress.
            (b) New employees and new members of advisory boards and commissions representing multiple interest hired, appointed, or transferred to perform functions or duties under the Act will be required to file at the time of entrance to duty.
            (c) New employees and new members of advisory boards and commissions representing multiple interests are not required to file an annual statement on the subsequent annual filing date if this date occurs within two months after their initial statement was filed. For example, an employee entering duty on December 2, 1986 would file a statement on that date. Because December 2 is within two months of February 1 the employee would not be required to file his or her next annual statement until February 1, 1988.
            [51 FR 37122, Oct. 17, 1986]

            § 705.15
            Where to file.
            The head of the State Regulatory Authority shall file his or her statement with the Director. All other employees and members of advisory boards and commissions representing multiple interests, as provided in § 705.11, shall file their statements with the head of the State Regulatory Authority or such other official as may be designated by State law or regulation.
            [51 FR 37122, Oct. 17, 1986]

            § 705.17
            What to report.
            (a) Each employee shall report all information required on the statement of employment and financial interests of the employee, his or her spouse, minor children, or other relatives who are fulltime residents of the employee's home. The report shall be on OSM Form 23 as provided by the Office. The statement consists of three major parts, (1) a listing of all financial interests, including employment, security, real property, creditor and other financial interests held during the course of the preceding year, (2) a certification that none of the listed financial interests represent a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation except as specifically identified and described by the employee as part of the certificate and (3) a certification by the reviewer that the form was reviewed, that prohibited interests have been resolved, and that no other prohibited interests have been identified from the statement.
            (b) Listing of all financial interests. The statement will set forth the following information regarding any financial interest:
            (1) Employment. Any continuing financial interests in business entities and nonprofit organizations through a pension or retirement plan, shared income, salary or other income arrangement as a result of prior or current employment. The employee, his or her spouse or other resident relative is not required to report a retirement plan from which he or she will receive a guaranteed income. A guaranteed income is one which is unlikely to be changed as a result of actions taken by the State Regulatory Authority.
            (2) Securities. Any financial interest in business entities and nonprofit organizations through ownership of stock, stock options, bonds, securities or other arrangements including trusts. An employee is not required to report mutual funds, investment clubs or regulated investment companies not specializing in underground and surface coal mining operations.
            (3) Real Property. Ownership, lease, royalty or other interests or rights in lands or minerals. Employees are not required to report lands developed and occupied for a personal residence.
            (4) Creditors. Debts owed to business entities and nonprofit organizations. Employees are not required to report debts owed to financial institutions (banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and the like) which are chartered to provide commercial or personal credit. Also excluded are charge accounts and similar short term debts for current and ordinary household and living expenses.
            (c) Employee certification, and, if applicable, a listing of exceptions.
            (1) The statement will provide for a signed certification by the employee that to the best of his or her knowledge, (i) none of the listed financial interests represent an interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation except as specifically identified and described as exceptions by the employee as part of the certificate, and (ii) the information shown on the statement is true, correct, and complete.
            (2) An employee is expected to (i) have complete knowledge of his or her personal involvement in business enterprises such as a sole proprietorship and partnership, his or her outside employment and the outside employment of the spouse and other covered relatives, and (ii) be aware of the information contained in the annual financial statement or other corporate or business reports routinely circulated to investors or routinely made available to the public.
            (3) The exceptions shown in the employee certification of the form must provide enough information for the Head of the State Regulatory Authority to determine the existence of a direct or indirect financial interest. Accordingly, the exceptions should:
            (i) List the financial interests;
            (ii) Show the number of shares, estimated value or annual income of the financial interests; and
            (iii) Include any other information which the employee believes should be considered in determining whether or not the interest represents a prohibited interest.

            (4) Employees are cautioned to give serious consideration to their direct and indirect financial interests before signing the statement of certification. Signing the certification without listing known prohibited financial interests may be cause for imposing the penalties prescribed in § 705.6(a).
            [42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 56 FR 46988, Sept. 17, 1991]

            § 705.18
            Gifts and gratuities.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, employees shall not solicit or accept, directly or indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan or any other thing of monetary value, from a coal company which:
            (1) Conducts or is seeking to conduct, operations or activities that are regulated by the State Regulatory Authority; or
            (2) Has interests that may be substantially affected by the performance or non-performance of the employee's official duty.
            (b) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section do not apply in the context of obvious family or personal relationships, such as those between the parents, children, or spouse of the employee and the employee, when the circumstances make it clear that it is those relationships rather than the business of the persons concerned which are the motivating factors. An employee may accept:
            (1) Food and refreshments of nominal value on infrequent occasions in the ordinary course of a luncheon, dinner, or other meeting where an employee may properly be in attendance; and
            (2) Unsolicited advertising or promotional material, such as pens, pencils, note pads, calendars and other items of nominal value.
            (c) Employees found guilty of violating the provisions of this section will be subject to administrative remedies in accordance with existing or adopted State regulations or policies.

            § 705.19
            Resolving prohibited interests.
            (a) Actions to be taken by the Head of the State Regulatory Authority:
            (1) Remedial action to effect resolution. If an employee has a prohibited financial interest, the Head of the State Regulatory Authority shall promptly advise the employee that remedial action which will resolve the prohibited interest is required within 90 days.
            (2) Remedial action may include:
            (i) Reassignment of the employee to a position which performs no function or duty under the Act, or
            (ii) Divestiture of the prohibited financial interest, or
            (iii) Other appropriate action which either eliminates the prohibited interest or eliminates the situation which creates the conflict.
            (3) Reports of noncompliance. If 90 days after an employee is notified to take remedial action that employee is not in compliance with the requirements of the Act and these regulations, the Head of the State Regulatory Authority shall report the facts of the situation to the Director who shall determine whether action to impose the penalties prescribed by the Act should be initiated. The report to the Director shall include the original or a certified true copy of the employee's statement and any other information pertinent to the Director's determination, including a statement of actions being taken at the time the report is made.
            (b) Actions to be taken by the Director:
            (1) Remedial action to effect resolution. Violations of the regulations in this part of the Head of a State Regulatory Authority, will be cause for remedial action by the Governor of the State or other appropriate State official based on recommendations from the Director on behalf of the Secretary. The Governor or other appropriate State official shall promptly advise the Head of the State Regulatory Authority that remedial action which will resolve the prohibited interest is required within 90 days.
            (2) Remedial action should be consistent with the procedures prescribed for other State employees by § 705.19(a)(2).
            (3) Reports on noncompliance.

            (i) If 90 days after the Head of State Regulatory Authority is notified to take remedial action the Governor or other appropriate State official notifies the Director that the Head of the State Regulatory Authority is not in compliance with the Act and these regulations, the Director shall report the facts of the situation to the Secretary who shall determine whether the action to impose the penalties prescribed by the Act, or to impose the eligibility restrictions prescribed by § 705.1 should be initiated.
            (ii) Within 30 days of receipt of a noncompliance report from the Head of a Regulatory Authority under § 705.19(a)(3), the Director shall notify the Head of the State Regulatory Authority and the employee involved of additional action to be taken. Actions which the Director may take include but are not limited to the granting of additional time for resolution or the initiation of action to impose the penalties prescribed by the Act.

            § 705.21
            Appeals procedures.
            Employees have the right to appeal an order for remedial action under § 705.19, and shall have 30 days to exercise this right before disciplinary action is initiated.
            (a) Employees other than the Head of the State Regulatory Authority, may file their appeal, in writing, through established procedures within their particular State.
            (b) The Head of the State Regulatory Authority may file his or her appeal, in writing, with the Director who will refer it to the Conflict of Interest Appeals Board within the U.S. Department of the Interior.

          Pt. 706
          PART 706—RESTRICTION ON FINANCIAL INTERESTS OF FEDERAL EMPLOYEES

            Sec.
            706.1
            Purpose.
            706.2
            Objectives.
            706.3
            Definitions.
            706.4
            Authority.
            706.5
            Responsibility.
            706.6
            Penalties.
            706.11
            Who shall file.
            706.13
            When to file.
            706.15
            Where to file.
            706.17
            What to report.
            706.18
            Gifts and gratuities.
            706.19
            Resolving prohibited interests.
            706.21
            Appeals procedures.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 706.1
            Purpose.
            This part sets forth the minimum policies and procedures to be followed by Federal employees to satisfy the requirements of section 201(f) of the Act. The requirements of this part are in addition to Executive Order 11222 of May 8, 1965, and other applicable regulations related to conflict of interest. Section 201(f) prohibits certain Federal employees from having any direct or indirect financial interest in underground or surface coal mining operations. The regulations of this part are applicable to Federal employees as defined in § 706.3.

            § 706.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of this part are:
            (a) To ensure that affected Federal agencies adopt a standard program for implementing the provisions in section 201(f) of the Act.
            (b) To establish methods which will ensure, as required by section 201(f) of the Act, that each Federal employee who performs any function or duty under the Act does not have a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation.
            (c) To establish the methods by which the monitoring, enforcing and reporting responsibilities of the Director and the Secretary of the Interior under section 201(f) will be accomplished.

            § 706.3
            Definitions.

              Act. Means the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95-87.

              Coal mining operation. Means the business of developing, producing, preparing or loading bituminous coal, subbituminous coal, anthracite or lignite or of reclaiming the areas upon which such activities occur.

              Direct financial interest. Means ownership or part ownership by an employee of lands, stocks, bonds, debentures, warrants, partnership shares, or other holdings and also means any other arrangement where the employee may benefit from his or her holding in or salary from coal mining operations. Direct financial interests include employment, pensions, creditor, real property and other financial relationships.

              Director. Means the Director or Acting Director of the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, U.S. Department of the Interior.

              Employee. Means any person employed by the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement within the U.S. Department of the Interior and any other person employed by the Federal Government who performs functions or duties under the Act without regard to the duration or nature of his or her appointment.

              Indirect financial interest. Means the same financial relationships as for direct ownership, but where the employee reaps the benefits of such interests, including interests held by his or her spouse, minor child and other relatives, including inlaws, residing in the employee's home. The employee will not be deemed to have an indirect financial interest if there is no relationship between the employee's functions or duties and the coal mining operation in which the spouse, minor children or other resident relatives hold a financial interest.

              Office. Means the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, U.S. Department of the Interior.

              Other Federal agency. Means any executive Federal agency or office or part thereof not a part of the U.S. Department of the Interior, and includes but is not limited to, the following agencies: The Department of Agriculture, the Department of Justice, the Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Protection Agency, the Council on Environmental Quality and the Energy Research and Development Administration.

              Performing any function or duty under this act. Means those decisions or actions, which if performed or not performed by an employee, affect the programs under the Act.

              Prohibited financial interest. Means any direct or indirect financial interest in any coal mining operation.

              Secretary. Means the Secretary of the Interior.

            § 706.4
            Authority.
            (a) The Director is authorized by Pub. L. 95-87 to:
            (1) Establish the methods by which the provisions in section 201(f) of the Act will be monitored and enforced;
            (2) Establish appropriate provisions for all employees who perform any function or duty under the Act to file a statement and supplements thereto concerning their financial interests which may be affected by section 201(f); and
            (3) Report annually to the Congress on the actions taken and not taken during the preceding calendar year under section 201(f) of the Act.
            (b) Other Federal agencies with employees who perform functions or duties under the Act may adopt financial interest regulations pursuant to the Act which are consistent with the requirements in this part. If any such agency does not adopt regulations pursuant to this part, that agency shall enter into a memorandum of understanding with the Director, to have the employees of that agency who perform functions or duties under the Act file their statements with the Director. The Director will review statements filed with him or her, applying the regulations of the Department of the Interior. Where the Director determines that remedial action is necessary, he or she will refer the case to the employing agency with a recommendation as to the action to be taken.
            (c) The Office of Inspector General within the U.S. Department of the Interior, will conduct periodic audits of Interior's compliance with the provisions contained in section 201(f) of the Act and the provisions of this part. The Office of Inspector General will arrange for such periodic audits of other Federal agencies to be performed by the audit unit of each such agency. The audits will be conducted on a cyclical basis or upon request of the Secretary of the Interior or the Director. Copies of all audit reports and related responses on corrective actions will be provided to the Director.
            [42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 56 FR 46988, Sept. 17, 1991]

            § 706.5
            Responsibility.

            (a) The Director, the Head of each other Federal agency, and the Head of each other bureau or office within the U.S. Department of the Interior, have the following common responsibilities concerning employees within their organizations performing any functions or duties under the Act, and shall:

            (1) Provide advice, assistance and counseling to employees concerning financial interest matters related to the Act;
            (2) Promptly review the statement of employment and financial interests and supplements, if any, filed by each employee to determine if the employee has correctly identified those listed employment and financial interests which constitute a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation;
            (3) Certify on each statement that review has been made, that prohibited financial interests if any, have been resolved, and that no other prohibited interests have been identified from the statement;
            (4) Resolve prohibited financial interest situations by promptly notifying and ordering the employee to take remedial action within 90 days, or by initiating action to impose the penalties of the Act;
            (5) Furnish a blank statement by December 15 of each year to each employee required to file a statement within his or her employing organization; and
            (6) Inform annually each employee required to file a statement within his or her employing organization of the name, address, and telephone number of the person whom they may contact for advice and counseling.
            (b) In addition to the common responsibilities in paragraph (a) of this section the Director shall:
            (1) Monitor the program by using reports requested from the Heads of other Federal agencies, from the Heads of other bureaus and offices within the U.S. Department of the Interior, and by using periodic audits performed by the Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of the Interior and by other Federal agencies;
            (2) Prepare for the Secretary a consolidated report to the Congress as part of the annual report submitted under section 706 of the Act, on the actions taken and not taken during the preceding calendar year under section 201(f);
            (3) Refer recommendations to officials of other Federal agencies concerning those cases requiring remedial action for employees of the other Federal agency who filed with the Director because that other Federal agency did not choose to adopt its own financial interest regulations pursuant to the Act.
            (4) Report to the Solicitor, U.S. Department of the Interior, through the Office of Inspector General, U.S. Department of the Interior, cases of knowing violations of the provisions in section 201(f). The Solicitor will transfer such reports to the U.S. Department of Justice.
            (5) Designate, if so desired, other qualified Office employees as assistant counselors to assist with the operational duties associated with filing and reviewing financial statements;
            (6) Furnish an adequate supply of blank statements to the Heads of those other Federal agencies which decide to have their employees file with the Director; and
            (7) Submit to the Department of the Interior Ethics Counselor such statistics and information he may request in accordance with 43 CFR 20.735-17 as adopted.
            (c) In addition to the common responsibilities in paragraph (a) of this section, the Head of each other Federal agency with employees performing any functions or duties under the Act shall:
            (1) Decide whether to adopt independent procedures for the filing and review of financial statements or to enter into a memorandum of understanding with the Director that the U.S. Department of the Interior will provide and review the financial statements and recommend any necessary remedial action to the Head of the employing agency;
            (2) Submit to the Director such statistics and information the Director may request to enable preparation of the required annual report to the Congress, and to ensure uniform application of the provision in section 201(f) of the Act; and
            (3) Report to the Director and the U.S. Department of Justice cases of knowing violations of the provisions in section 201(f).

            (d) In addition to the common responsibilities in paragraph (a), the Heads of other bureaus or offices within the U.S. Department of the Interior with employees performing any functions or duties under the Act shall:
            (1) Submit to the Director such statistics and information the Director may request to enable preparation of the required annual report to Congress, and to ensure uniform application of provisions in section 201(f) of the Act;
            (2) Submit to the Department of the Interior Ethics Counselor such statistics and information he may request in accordance with 43 CFR 20.735-17 as adopted, and
            (3) Report to the Director cases of knowing violations of the provisions in section 201(f).
            (e) Employees shall:
            (1) Have no direct or indirect financial interests in coal mining operations;
            (2) File a fully completed statement of employment and financial interests 120 days after these regulations become effective or upon entrance to duty, and annually thereafter on the specified filing date, and
            (3) Comply with directives issued by persons responsible for approving each statement and comply with directives issued by those persons responsible for ordering remedial action.
            [42 FR 56060, Oct. 20, 1977, as amended at 56 FR 46988, Sept. 19, 1991]

            § 706.6
            Penalties.
            (a) Criminal penalties are imposed by section 201(f) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95-87, which prohibits each employee of the Office or any other Federal employee who performs any function or duty under the Act from having a direct or indirect financial interest in underground or surface coal mining operations. The Act provides that whoever knowingly violates the provisions of section 201(f) shall, upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $2,500, or by imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.
            (b) Regulatory penalties are imposed by this part. The provisions in section 201(f) of the Act make compliance with the financial interest requirements a condition of employment for all Office employees and for other Federal employees who perform any functions or duties under the Act. Accordingly, an employee who fails to file the required financial statement will be considered in violation of the intended employment provisions of section 201(f) and will be subject to removal from his or her position.

            § 706.11
            Who shall file.
            (a) Every employee in the Office is required to file a statement of employment and financial interests.
            (b) Any other Federal employee who performs any function or duty under the Act is required to file a statement of employment and financial interests. The Head of each other Federal agency and the Heads of other bureaus and offices within the U.S. Department of the Interior shall prepare and submit a report within 60 days of the effective date of these regulations, either listing the Federal positions identified as performing functions or duties under the Act, or listing the organizational unit and showing the total number of employees within the unit who must file a statement. Revision to the listing or certification that revision is not required shall be submitted to the Director by no later than September 30 of each year. The Secretary, the Director, or the Heads of the other affected Federal organizations may revise the list by the addition or deletion of positions at any time such revisions are required to carry out the purpose of the law or regulations of this part. Additions to or deletions from the list of positions are effective upon notification to the incumbents.

            § 706.13
            When to file.
            (a) Employees performing functions or duties under the Act will be required to file:
            (1) Within 120 days of the effective date of these regulations, and
            (2) Annually on February 1 of each year or at such other date as may be agreed to by the Director, provided that such alternative date will allow sufficient time to obtain information needed by the Director for his or her annual report to the Congress.

            (b) New employees hired, appointed, or transferred to perform functions or duties under the Act will be required to file at the time of entrance to duty.

            (c) New employees are not required to file an annual statement on the subsequent annual filing date if this date occurs within two months after their initial statement was filed. For example, an employee entering duty on December 1, 1978 would file a statement on that date. Because December 1 is within two months of February 1 the employee would not be required to file his or her next annual statement until February 1, 1980.

            § 706.15
            Where to file.
            (a) Each Office employee shall file his or her statement of employment and financial interests with the Director.
            (b) Each Department of the Interior employee, who is not an Office employee but does perform any function or duty under the Act, shall file a statement of employment and financial interests with his or her appropriate Ethics Counselor as identified in 43 CFR 20.735-22(c).
            (c) Each employee of another Federal agency who performs a function or duty under the Act shall file a statement of employment and financial interests with the official designated by the Head of the other Federal agency.

            § 706.17
            What to report.
            (a) Each employee shall report all information required on the statement of employment and financial interests of the employee, his or her spouse, minor children, or other relatives who are fulltime residents of the employee's home. The report shall be on a form provided by the Office or on a similar form adopted by another Federal agency. The statement shall consist of three major parts, (1) a listing of all financial interests, including employment, security, real property, creditor and other financial interests held during the course of the preceding year, (2) a certification that none of the listed financial interests represent a direct or indirect financial interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation except as specifically identified and described by the employee as part of the certificate, and (3) a certification by the reviewer that the form was reviewed, that prohibited interests have been resolved, and that no other prohibited interests have been identified from the statement.
            (b) Listing of all financial interests. The statement will set forth the following information regarding any financial interest:
            (1) Employment. Any continuing financial interests in business entities and nonprofit organizations through a pension or retirement plan, shared income, salary or other income arrangement as a result of prior or current employment. The employee, his or her spouse or other resident relative is not required to report a statement plan from which he or she will receive a guaranteed income. A guaranteed income is one which is unlikely to be changed as a result of actions taken by the Federal Government under the Act.
            (2) Securities. Any financial interest in business entities and nonprofit organizations through ownership of stock, stock options, bonds, securities or other arrangements including trusts. An employee is not required to report holdings in widely diversified mutual funds, investment clubs or regulated investment companies not specializing in underground and surface coal mining operations.
            (3) Real property. Ownership, lease, royalty or other interests or rights in lands or minerals. Employees are not required to report lands developed and occupied for a personal residence.
            (4) Creditors. Debts owed to business entities and nonprofit organizations. Employees are not required to report debts owed to financial institutions (banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, and the like) which are chartered to provide commercial or personal credit. Also excluded are charge accounts and similar short term debts for current and ordinary household and living expenses.
            (c) Employee certification, and if applicable, a listing of exceptions.

            (1) The statement will provide for a signed certification by the employee that to the best of his or her knowledge, (i) none of the listed financial interests represent an interest in an underground or surface coal mining operation except as specifically identified and described as exceptions by the employee as part of the certificate, and (ii) the information shown on the statement is true, correct, and complete.
            (2) An employee is expected to (i) have complete knowledge of his or her personal involvement in business enterprises such as a sole proprietorship and partnership, his or her outside employment and the outside employment of the spouse and other covered relatives, and (ii) be aware of the information contained in the annual financial statements or other corporate or business reports routinely circulated to investors or routinely made available to the public.
            (3) The exceptions shown in the employee certification of the form must provide enough information for the Director, the Head of another Federal agency, or the Head of other bureaus or offices within the U.S. Department of the Interior to determine the existence of a direct or indirect financial interest. Accordingly, the exceptions should:
            (i) List the financial interests;
            (ii) Show the number of shares, estimated value or annual income of the financial interests; and
            (iii) Include any other information which the employee believes should be considered in determining whether or not the interest represents a prohibited interest.
            (4) Employees are cautioned to give serious consideration to their direct and indirect financial interests before signing the statement of certification. Signing the certification without listing known prohibited financial interests may be cause for imposing the penalties prescribed in § 706.6(a).

            § 706.18
            Gifts and gratuities.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, employees shall not solicit or accept, directly or indirectly, any gift, gratuity, favor, entertainment, loan, or any other thing of monetary value, from a coal company which:
            (1) Conducts or is seeking to conduct operations or activities that are regulated by the Federal Government; or
            (2) Has interests that may be substantially affected by the performance or nonperformance of the employee's official duty.
            (b) The prohibitions in paragraph (a) of this section do not apply in the context of obvious family or personal relationships, such as those between the parents, children, or spouse of the employee and the employee, when the circumstances make it clear that it is those relationships rather than the business of the persons concerned which are the motivating factors. An employee may accept:
            (1) Food and refreshments of nominal value on infrequent occasions in the ordinary course of a luncheon, dinner, or other meeting where an employee may properly be in attendance, and
            (2) Unsolicited advertising or promotional material, such as pens, pencils, note pads, calendars and other items of nominal value.
            (c) Employees found guilty of violating the provisions of this section will be subject to administrative remedies in accordance with existing Federal regulations or policies.

            § 706.19
            Resolving prohibited interests.
            Actions to be taken by the Director, the heads of other Federal agencies, and the heads of other affected bureaus and offices within the U.S. Department of the Interior include:
            (a) Remedial action to effect resolution. If an employee has a prohibited financial interest, the head of the organizational entity (Department, bureau, office, etc.) where the employee works shall promptly advise the employee that remedial action which will resolve the prohibited interest is required within 90 days.
            (b) Remedial action may include: (1) Reassignment of the employee to a position which performs no function or duty under the Act, or
            (2) Divestiture of the prohibited financial interest, or
            (3) Other appropriate action which either eliminates the prohibited financial interest or eliminates the situation which creates the conflict.

            (c) Reports of noncompliance. If 90 days after an employee is notified to take remedial action that employee is not in compliance with the requirements of the Act and these regulations, the official, other than the Director, who ordered the remedial action shall promptly report the facts of the situation to the Director. The reports to the Director shall include the original or a certified true copy of the employee's statement and any other information pertinent to the Director, including a statement of actions being taken at the time the report is made. Within 30 days of receipt of a noncompliance report, the Director shall notify the head of the employing organization and the employee involved of additional action to be taken. Actions which the Director may take include but are not limited to the granting of additional time for resolution or the initiation of action to impose the penalties prescribed by the Act.

            § 706.21
            Appeals procedures.
            Employees have the right to appeal an order for remedial action under § 706.19 and shall have 30 days to exercise this right before disciplinary action is initiated.
            (a) Office employees and other Department of the Interior employees may file their appeal, in writing, in accordance with the provisions in 43 CFR 20.735-25(b).
            (b) Employees of other Federal agencies may file their appeal, in writing, in accordance with the established procedures of their employing agency.

          Pt. 707
          PART 707—EXEMPTION FOR COAL EXTRACTION INCIDENT TO GOVERNMENT-FINANCED HIGHWAY OR OTHER CONSTRUCTION

            Sec.
            707.1
            Scope.
            707.4
            Responsibility.
            707.5
            Definitions.
            707.10
            Information collection.
            707.11
            Applicability.
            707.12
            Information to be maintained on site.

            Authority:
            Secs. 102, 201, 501, and 528 of Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 448, 449, 467, and 514 (30 U.S.C. 1202, 1211, 1251, 1278).

            Source:
            44 FR 15322, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            § 707.1
            Scope.
            (a) This part establishes the procedures for determining those surface coal mining and reclamation operations which are exempt from the Act and this chapter because the extraction of coal is an incidental part of Federal, State, or local government-financed highway or other construction.
            (b) This part exempts the extraction of coal which is incidental to government-financed construction from the requirements of the Act and this Chapter, if that extraction meets specified criteria which ensure that the construction is government-financed and that the extraction of coal is incidental to it.

            § 707.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) The regulatory authority is responsible for enforcing the requirements of this part.
            (b) Any person conducting coal extraction as an incidental part of government-financed construction is responsible for possessing, on the site of the extraction operation, the documentation required by 30 CFR 707.12.

            § 707.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part, the following terms have the specified meaning:

              Extraction of coal as an incidental part means the extraction of coal which is necessary to enable the construction to be accomplished. For purposes of this part, only that coal extracted from within the right-of-way, in the case of a road, railroad, utility line or other such construction, or within the boundaries of the area directly affected by other types of government-financed construction, may be considered incidental to that construction. Extraction of coal outside the right-of-way or boundary of the area directly affected by the construction shall be subject to the requirements of the Act and this chapter.

              Government financing agency means a Federal, State, county, municipal, or local unit of government, or a department, bureau, agency or office of the unit which, directly or through another unit of government, finances construction.

              Government-financed construction means construction funded at 50 percent or more by funds appropriated from a government financing agency's budget or obtained from general revenue bonds. Government financing at less than 50 percent may qualify if the construction is undertaken as an approved reclamation project under Title IV of the Act. Construction funded through government financing agency guarantees, insurance, loans, funds obtained through industrial revenue bonds or their equivalent, or in-kind payments does not qualify as government-financed construction.
            [44 FR 15322, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 64 FR 7482, Feb. 12, 1999; 68 FR 65625, Nov. 20, 2003]

            § 707.10
            Information collection.

            Since the information collection requirement contained in 30 CFR 707.12 consists only of expenditures on information collection activities that would be incurred by persons in the normal course of their activities, it is exempt from the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and does not require clearance by OMB.
            [64 FR 7482, Feb. 12, 1999]

            § 707.11
            Applicability.
            (a) Coal extraction which is an incidental part of government-financed construction is exempt from the Act and this chapter.
            (b) Any person who conducts or intends to conduct coal extraction which does not satisfy paragraph (a) of this section shall not proceed until a permit has been obtained from the regulatory authority under a State, Federal or Federal lands program.

            § 707.12
            Information to be maintained on site.
            Any person extracting coal incident to government-financed highway or other construction who extracts more than 250 tons of coal or affects more than two acres shall maintain, on the site of the extraction operation and available for inspection, documents which show—
            (a) A description of the construction project;
            (b) The exact location of the construction, right-of-way or the boundaries of the area which will be directly affected by the construction; and
            (c) The government agency which is providing the financing and the kind and amount of public financing, including the percentage of the entire construction costs represented by the government financing.

        SUBCHAPTER B—INITIAL PROGRAM REGULATIONS

          Pt. 710
          PART 710—INITIAL REGULATORY PROGRAM

            Sec.
            710.1
            Scope.
            710.2
            Objectives.
            710.3
            Authority.
            710.4
            Responsibility.
            710.5
            Definitions.
            710.10
            Information collection.
            710.11
            Applicability.
            710.12
            Special exemption for small operators.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended, and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            42 FR 62677, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 710.1
            Scope.
            (a) This part provides general introductory and applicability material for the initial regulatory program required by section 502 and other sections of the Act which require early implementation. The initial regulatory program is effective until permanent programs are approved in accordance with sections 503, 504, or 523 of the Act.
            (b) The initial regulatory program which this part introduces includes—
            (1) Environmental performance standards of parts 715 through 718 of this chapter.
            (2) Inspection and enforcement procedures of parts 720 through 723 of this chapter; and
            (3) Reimbursements to States of part 725 of this chapter.

            § 710.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of the initial regulatory program are to—
            (a) Protect the health and safety of the public and minimize the damage to the environment resulting from surface coal mining operations during the interval between enactment of the Act and adoption of a permanent State or Federal regulatory program; and
            (b) Coordinate the State and Federal regulatory programs to accomplish the purposes of the Act.

            § 710.3
            Authority.
            (a) The Secretary is directed to implement an initial regulatory program within six months after the date of enactment of the Act in each State which regulates any aspect of surface coal mining under one or more State laws until a State program has been approved or until a Federal program has been implemented.
            (b) The Secretary is also authorized to regulate surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal Lands by the Mineral Leasing Act of February 25, 1920, as amended (30 U.S.C. 181-287) and the Minerals, Leasing Act for Acquired Lands (30 U.S.C. 351-359) and on Indian lands by various Indian lands acts. Additional regulations under these Acts are in 30 CFR part 211,1
               43 CFR part 3041 and 25 CFR part 177.

                1 Editorial Note: 30 CFR part 211 was redesignated as 43 CFR part 3480 at 48 FR 41589, Sept. 16, 1983.

            § 710.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) Under the general direction of the Assistant Secretary, Energy and Minerals, the Director is responsible for administering the initial regulatory program established by the Secretary.
            (b) The States are responsible for issuing permits and inspection and enforcement on lands on which operations are regulated by a State to insure compliance with the initial performance standards in parts 715 through 718 of this chapter. States are required to file copies of inspection reports with the Office. States are also responsible for assuring that permits are not issued which would be in conflict with the restriction on mining found in section 510 of the Act, particularly in regard to alluvial valley floors and prime farm lands, and section 522(e) of the Act in regard to prohibitions of mining on certain lands.

            § 710.5
            Definitions.
            As used throughout the initial regulatory program the following terms have the specified meanings unless otherwise indicated:

              Acid drainage means water with a pH of less than 6.0 discharged from active or abandoned mines and from areas affected by coal mining operations.

              Acid-forming materials means earth materials that contain sulfide mineral or other materials which, if exposed to air, water, or weathering processes, will cause acids that may create acid drainage.

              Alluvial valley floors means unconsolidated stream-laid deposits holding streams where water availability is sufficient for subirrigation or flood irrigation agricultural activities but does not include upland areas which are generally overlain by a thin veneer of colluvial deposits composed chiefly of debris from sheet erosion, deposits by unconcentrated runoff or slope wash, together with talus, other mass movement accumulation and windblown deposits.

              Approximate original contour means that surface configuration achieved by backfilling and grading of the mined area so that the reclaimed area, including any terracing or access roads, closely resembles the general surface configuration of the land prior to mining and blends into and complements the drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain, with all highwalls and spoil piles eliminated; water impoundments may be permitted where the regulatory authority determines that they are in compliance with § 715.17.

              Aquifer means a zone, stratum, or group of strata that can store and transmit water in sufficient quantities for a specific use.

              Combustible material means organic material that is capable of burning either by fire or through a chemical process (oxidation) accompanied by the evolution of heat and a significant temperature rise.

              Compaction means the reduction of pore spaces among the particles of soil or rock, generally done by running heavy equipment over the earth materials.

              Disturbed area means those lands that have been affected by surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

              Diversion means a channel, embankment, or other manmade structure constructed for the purpose of diverting water from one area to another.

              Downslope means the land surface between a valley floor and the projected outcrop of the lowest coalbed being mined along each highwall.

              Embankment means an artificial deposit of material that is raised above the natural surface of the land and used to contain, divert, or store water, support roads or railways, or other similar purposes.

              Essential hydrologic functions means, with respect to alluvial valley floors, the role of the valley floor in collecting, storing, and regulating the natural flow of surface water and ground water, and in providing a place for irrigated and subirrigated farming, by reason of its position in the landscape and the characteristics of its underlying material.

              Flood irrigation means irrigation through natural overflow or the temporary diversion of high flows in which the entire surface of the soil is covered by a sheet of water.

              Ground water means subsurface water that fills available openings in rock or soil materials such that they may be considered water-saturated.

              Head-of-hollow fill means a fill structure consisting of any material, other than coal processing waste and organic material, placed in the uppermost reaches of a hollow where side slopes of the fill measured at the steepest point are greater that 20° or the profile of the hollow from the toe of the fill to the top of the fill is greater than 10°. In fills with less than 250.00 cubic yards of material, associated with contour mining, the top surface of the fill will be at the elevation of the coal seam. In all other head-of-hollow fills, the top surface of the fill, when completed, is at approximately the same elevation as the adjacent ridge line, and no significant area of natural drainage occurs above the fill draining into the fill area.

              Highwall means the face of exposed overburden and coal in an open cut of a surface or for entry to an underground coal mine.

              Hydrologic balance means the relationship between the quality and quantity of inflow to, outflow from, and storage in a hydrologic unit such as a drainage basin, aquifer, soil zone, lake, or reservoir. It encompasses the quantity and quality relationships between precipitation, runoff, evaporation, and the change in ground and surface water storage.

              Hydrologic regime means the entire state of water movement in a given area. It is a function of the climate, and includes the phenomena by which water first occurs as atmospheric water vapor, passes into a liquid or solid form and falls as precipitation, moves thence along or into the ground surface, and returns to the atmosphere a vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration.

              Impoundment means a closed basin formed naturally or artificially built, which is dammed or excavated for the retention of water, sediment, or waste.

              Intermittent or perennial stream means a stream or part of a stream that flows continuously during all (perennial) or for at least one month (intermittent) of the calendar year as a result of ground-water discharge or surface runoff. The term does not include an ephemeral stream which is one that flows for less than one month of a calendar year and only in direct response to precipitation in the immediate watershed and whose channel bottom is always above the local water table.

              Leachate means a liquid that has percolated through soil, rock, or waste and has extracted dissolved or suspended materials.

              Noxious plants means species that have been included on official State lists of noxious plants for the State in which the operation occurs.

              Overburden means material of any nature, consolidated or unconsolidated, that overlies a coal deposit, excluding topsoil.

              Outslope means the exposed area sloping away from a bench or terrace being constructed as a part of a surface coal mining and reclamation operation.

              Productivity means the vegetative yield produced by a unit area for a unit of time.

              Recharge capacity means the ability of the soils and underlying materials to allow precipitation and runoff to infiltrate and reach the zone of saturation.

              Roads means access and haul roads constructed, used, reconstructed, improved, or maintained for use in surface coal mining and reclamation operations, including use by coal-hauling vehicles leading to transfer, processing, or storage areas. The term includes any such road used and not graded to approximate original contour within 45 days of construction other than temporary roads used for topsoil removal and coal haulage roads within the pit area. Roads maintained with public funds such as all Federal, State, county, or local roads are excluded.

              Recurrence interval means the precipitation event expected to occur, on the average, once in a specified interval. For example, the 10-year 24-hour precipitation event would be that 24-hour precipitation event expected to be exceeded on the average once in 10 years. Magnitude of such events are as defined by the National Weather Service Technical Paper No. 40, “Rainfall Frequency Atlas of the U.S.,” May 1961, and subsequent amendments or equivalent regional or rainfall probability information developed therefrom.

              Runoff means precipitation that flows overland before entering a defined stream channel and becoming streamflow.

              Safety factor means the ratio of the available shear strength to the developed shear stress on a potential surface of sliding determined by accepted engineering practice.

              Sediment means undissolved organic and inorganic material transported or deposited by water.

              Sedimentation pond means any natural or artifical structure or depression used to remove sediment from water and store sediment or other debris.

              Slope means average inclination of a surface, measured from the horizontal. Normally expressed as a unit of vertical distance to a given number of units of horizontal distance (e.g., 1v to 5h = 20 percent = 11.3 degrees).

              Soil horizons means contrasting layers of soil lying one below the other, parallel or nearly parallel to the land surface. Soil horizons are differentiated on the basis of field characteristics and laboratory data. The three major soil horizons are—
            (a) A horizon. The uppermost layer in the soil profile often called the surface soil. It is the part of the soil in which organic matter is most abundant, and where leaching of soluble or suspended particles is the greatest.
            (b) B horizon. The layer immediately beneath the A horizon and often called the subsoil. This middle layer commonly contains more clay, iron, or aluminum than the A or C horizons.
            (c) C horizon. The deepest layer of the soil profile. It consists of loose material or weathered rock that is relatively unaffected by biologic activity.

              Spoil means overburden that has been removed during surface mining.

              Stabilize means any method used to control movement of soil, spoil piles, or areas of disturbed earth and includes increasing bearing capacity, increasing shear strength, draining, compacting, or revegetating.

              Subirrigation means irrigation of plants with water delivered to the roots from underneath.

              Surface water means water, either flowing or standing, on the surface of the earth.

              Suspended solids means organic or inorganic materials carried or held in suspension in water that will remain on a 0.45 micron filter.

              Toxic-forming materials means earth materials or wastes which, if acted upon by air, water, weathering, or microbiological processes, are likely to produce chemical or physical conditions in soils or water that are detrimental to biota or uses of water.

              Toxic-mine drainage means water that is discharged from active or abandoned mines and other areas affected by coal mining operations and which contains a substance which through chemical action or physical effects is likely to kill, injure, or impair biota commonly present in the area that might be exposed to it.

              Valley fill means a fill structure consisting of any material other than coal waste and organic material that is placed in a valley where side slopes of the fill measured at the steepest point are greater than 20° or the profile of the hollow from the toe of the fill to the top of the fill is greater than 10°.

              Waste means earth materials, which are combustible, physically unstable, or acid-forming or toxic-forming, wasted or otherwise separated from product coal and are slurried or otherwise transported from coal processing facilities or preparation plants after physical or chemical processing, cleaning, or concentrating of coal.

              Water table means upper surface of a zone of saturation, where the body of ground water is not confined by an overlying impermeable zone.
            [42 FR 62677, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 44 FR 30628, May 25, 1979]

            § 710.10
            Information collection.

            The collections of information contained in §§ 710.4, 710.11, and 710.12 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0095. The information will be used in administering the Initial Regulatory Program. Response is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average one hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to Information Collection Clearance Officer, OSM, Department of the Interior, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20240; and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (1029-0095), OMB, Washington, DC 20503.
            [56 FR 6227, Feb. 14, 1991]

            § 710.11
            Applicability.
            (a) Operations on lands on which such operations are regulated by a State. (1) The requirements of the initial regulatory program do not apply to surface mining and reclamation operations which occur on lands within a State which does not regulate any part of such operations.
            (2) General obligations. (i) A person conducting coal mining operations shall have a permit if required by the State in which he is mining and shall comply with State laws and regulations that are not inconsistent with the Act and this chapter.

            (ii) A person conducting coal mining operations shall not engage in any operations which result in a condition or constitute a practice that creates an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public.
            (iii) A person conducting coal mining operations shall not engage in any operations which result in a condition or constitute a practice that causes or can reasonably be expected to cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources.
            (3) Performance standards obligations. (i) A person who conducts any coal mining operations under an initial permit issued by a State on or after February 3, 1978, shall comply with the requirements of the initial regulatory program. Such permits shall contain terms that comply with the relevant performance standards of the initial regulatory program.
            (ii) On and after May 3, 1978, any person conducting coal mining operations shall comply with the initial regulatory program, except as provided in § 710.12 of this part.
            (iii) A person shall comply with the obligations of this section until he has received a permit to operate under a permanent State or Federal regulatory program.
            (b) Operations on Indian lands. Any person who conducts surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands on or after December 16, 1977, in accordance with section 750.11(c) of this chapter, or who was otherwise subject to 25 CFR part 216, subpart B prior to September 22, 1994; shall comply with the performance standards of this subchapter.
            (c) Operations on Federal lands. (1) A person conducting coal mining operations on Federal lands under a permit approved on or after February 3, 1978, shall comply with the performance standards of this chapter.
            (2) Any person conducting coal mining operations on Federal lands on and after May 3, 1978, shall comply with the performance standards of this chapter.
            (d) Operations on all lands. (1) The requirements of this chapter apply to operations conducted after the effective date of these regulations on lands from which the coal has not yet been removed and to any other lands used, disturbed, or redisturbed in connection with or to facilitate mining or to comply with the requirements of the Act or these regulations.
            (2) Any pre-existing, nonconforming structure or facility which is used in connection with or to facilitate mining after the effective date of these regulations shall comply with the requirements of the regulations, unless—
            (i) The permittee submits to the regulatory authority by March 1, 1978, a statement in writing demonstrating that it is physically impossible to bring the structure or facility into compliance by May 4, 1978. The statement shall include the steps to be taken to reconstruct the structure or facility in conformance with applicable performance standards and a schedule for reconstruction including the estimated date of completion;
            (ii) The regulatory authority finds in writing that it is physically impossible to bring the structure or facility into compliance by May 4, 1978;
            (iii) The construction work is to be performed in accordance with plans designed by a professional engineer; and
            (iv) The construction work is to be started and completed as soon as possible and in no event is to be started later than May 4, 1978 and completed later than November 4, 1978.
            (3) Notwithstanding paragraph (d)(2) of this section, any sedimentation pond, or related pre-existing, non-conforming structure or facility which is used in connection with or to facilitate mining after the effective date of these regulations shall comply with the requirements of the regulations unless—
            (i) The permittee submits to the regulatory authority and to the Director by May 3, 1978, a statement in writing demonstrating that it is physically impossible to bring the structure or facility into compliance by May 3, 1978. The statement shall include the steps to be taken to reconstruct the structure or facility in conformance with applicable performance standards and a schedule for reconstruction including the estimated date of completion;

            (ii) The regulatory authority finds in writing that it is physically impossible to bring the structure or facility into compliance by May 3, 1978;

            (iii) The construction work is to be performed in accordance with plans designed by a professional engineer;
            (iv) The construction work is to be started and completed as soon as possible and in no event is to be started later than June 3, 1978 and completed later than November 4, 1978; and
            (v) The Director approves of any schedules which contain an estimated date of completion beyond October 3, 1978.
            (4) The Director shall be deemed to have approved such schedules referred to in paragraph (d)(3)(v) of this section, unless written disapproval is received by the operator on or before June 3, 1978.
            (e) Satisfying Permanent Program Performance Standards in lieu of Initial Program Performance Standards. Where there is a counterpart Permanent Program performance standard in subchapter K of this chapter that corresponds to an Initial Program performance standard in subchapter B of this chapter, meeting either performance standard will satisfy the requirements of subchapter B of this chapter.
            [42 FR 62677, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2721, Jan. 19, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 5001, Feb. 7, 1978; 43 FR 8091, Feb. 27, 1978; 49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984; 56 FR 6227, Feb. 14, 1991; 59 FR 43419, Aug. 23, 1994]

            § 710.12
            Special exemption for small operators.
            (a) As used in this section—
            (1) Permittee means a person holding a permit under State law and to whom the permit was originally issued.
            (2) Renewed permit means any extension of the original area of duration of a permit.
            (b) If a person is an eligible permittee under paragraph (c) of this section and intends to conduct surface coal mining operations on or after May 3, 1978, that permittee may receive from the Director a limited exemption from the performance standards of this chapter. The exemption shall not—
            (1) Include the Special Performance Standard of § 716.2(a)(1) of this chapter regarding the handling of spoil;
            (2) Apply to surface coal mining operations to be conducted under a permit or renewed permit issued on or after August 3, 1977;
            (3) Include any general or special performance standard with which a permittee is required to comply by a State;
            (4) Relieve the permittee of the general obligations imposed by § 710.11(a) of this part regarding conditions or practices creating imminent danger or causing significant, imminent environmental harm; or
            (5) Relieve the permittee of any obligations under State law, regulation or permit.
            (c) A permittee is eligible for an exemption under this section—
            (1) If the actual and attributed production of that permittee is estimated by the Director not to exceed 100,000 tons of coal during the year ending on December 31, 1978; and
            (2) If that permittee—
            (i) Was in existence on July 31, 1976, and during the year ending on July 31, 1977, the actual and attributed production of that permittee was 100,000 tons of coal or less from all surface and underground coal mining operations; or
            (ii) Came into existence after July 31, 1976, and prior to May 2, 1977, and the actual and attributed production from all surface and underground coal mining operations of that permittee in the average calendar month was an amount of coal which when multiplied by 12 yields a product of 100,000 tons or less.
            (iii) And, in the case of a business organization, has not undergone a substantial change in ownership since May 2, 1977, other than a substantial change due to the death of an owner.
            (d) Application for an exemption under this section shall be submitted to the Director of the Office by March 1, 1978 with a copy to the State regulatory authority.
            (e) The request for exemption shall be in the form of an affidavit under oath and shall include—
            (1) The name and address of the permittee and of persons who control the permittee by reason of stock ownership or otherwise.

            (2) The name, location, Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration identification numbers, and permit numbers of the surface coal mining operations for which exemption is sought, including a statement of the dates each permit was issued or renewed and will expire.
            (3) The date and method by which the permittee was created if the permittee is not an individual.
            (4) A listing of all surface and underground coal mining operations showing—
            (i) Actual production for the year ending July 31, 1977, attributed to the permittee and the inclusive dates of operation.
            (ii) Estimated production for the year ending December 31, 1978, attributed to the permittee and the anticipated dates of operation.
            (5) A copy of coal severance tax returns for coal produced during the year ending on July 31, 1977.
            (6) A copy of a notice the permittee has published in a local newspaper of general circulation in the area of each mine for which an exemption is sought once a week for two weeks stating—
            (i) That an application for a small operator exemption will be filed, which if granted would exempt the operator from certain environmental protection performance standards in the Act;
            (ii) The name and address of the permittee;
            (iii) The location of the surface coal mining operations to which the exemption will apply; and
            (iv) That public comments may be submitted to the Director, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.
            (f) Production from the following operations shall be attributed to the permittee—
            (1) All coal produced by operations beneficially owned entirely by the permittee, or controlled by reasons of ownership, direction of the management, or in any other manner by the permittee.
            (2) The pro rata share, based upon percentage of beneficial ownership, of coal produced by operations in which the permittee owns more than a 5-percent interest.
            (3) All coal produced by persons who own more than 5 percent of the permittee or who directly or indirectly control the permittee by reason of stock ownership, direction of the management or in any other manner.
            (4) The pro rata share of coal produced by operations owned or controlled by the person who owns or controls the permittee.
            (g) The Director shall grant the request for an exemption if, upon the basis of the request and any State regulatory authority or public comments, or any other information, he finds that—
            (1) The permittee has satisfied his burden of proof by demonstrating eligibility for the exemption; and
            (2) The exemption will not be inconsistent with State law, regulation or permit terms.
            (h) Any person aggrieved by the decision of the Director under this section may appeal within 20 days from receipt of that decision to The Office of Hearing and Appeals under 43 CFR part 4. The Office of Hearings and Appeals and the Secretary shall have the authority to stay the exemption pending the outcome of the appeal.
            (i) The exemption shall be effective on the date approved. It shall remain in effect until expiration or renewal of the State permit to which it applies, December 31, 1978, or until revoked, whichever is earlier.
            (j) The Director shall revoke the exemption upon finding that the exemption was erroneously issued or that the exempted operation has or will produce more than 100,000 tons of coal per year.
            [42 FR 62677, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2721, Jan. 19, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 5001, Feb. 7, 1978]

          Pt. 715
          PART 715—GENERAL PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

            Sec.
            715.10
            Information collection.
            715.11
            General obligations.
            715.12
            Signs and markers.
            715.13
            Postmining use of land.
            715.14
            Backfilling and grading.
            715.15
            Disposal of excess spoil.
            715.16
            Topsoil handling.
            715.17
            Protection of the hydrologic system.
            715.18
            Dams constructed of or impounding waste material.
            715.19
            Use of explosives.
            715.20
            Revegetation.
            715.200
            Interpretative rules related to general performance standards.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87 (30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.).

            Source:
            42 FR 62680, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 715.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR 715.13(d); 715.17 (b)(1)(v) and (j)(3); 715.18(b) (2) and (6); and 715.19 (b), (c), (d) and (e)(4) have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0007. The information is being collected to meet the performance standards in section 515(b)(2) of P.L. 95-87 and are applicable during the initial regulatory program. This information will be used by OSM in measuring compliance with the performance standards until permanent programs are in effect in the States. The obligation to respond is mandatory.
            [47 FR 33685, Aug. 4, 1982]

            § 715.11
            General obligations.
            (a) Compliance. All surface coal mining and reclamation operations conducted on lands where any element of the operations is regulated by a State shall comply with the initial performance standards of this part according to the time schedule specified in § 710.11. Part 717 of this chapter establishes performance standards for surface effects of underground coal mines. Initial regulations regarding the special Initial Performance Standards are established by part 716 of this chapter for—
            (1) Surface coal mining operations on steep slopes;
            (2) Surface coal mining operations involving mountaintop removal;
            (3) Special bituminous coal mines;
            (4) Anthracite surface coal mining operations;
            (5) Surface coal mining operations in Alaska; and
            (6) Surface coal mining operations on prime farmlands.
            Where State environmental protection standards are adopted for a specific State because they are more stringent than the standards of parts 715, 716, and 717, they will be published in part 718 of this chapter.
            (b) Authorizations to operate. A copy of all current permits, licenses, approved plans, or other authorizations to operate the mine shall be available for inspection at or near the mine site.
            (c)(1) Mine maps. Any person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on and after May 3, 1978, shall submit two copies of an accurate map of the mine and permit area at a scale of 1:6000 or larger. The map shall show as of May 3, 1978, the lands from which coal has not yet been removed and the lands and structures which have been used or disturbed to facilitate mining. One copy of the mine map shall be submitted to the State regulatory authority and one copy shall be submitted to the Regional Director, OSM, before July 3, 1978.
            (2) In addition to the requirements of paragraph (c)(1) of this section, any person who conducted surface coal mining and reclamation operations pursuant to a small operator's exemption shall submit before March 15, 1979, two copies of an accurate map of each mine showing the permit area at a scale of 1:6000 or larger. One copy shall be submitted to the state regulatory authority and one copy to the appropriate Regional Director, OSM. The map shall show as of December 31, 1978 or the expiration date of the exemption (whichever is earlier) the lands from which coal had not yet been removed, the lands and structures which had been used or disturbed to facilitate mining, and the lands which had not been disturbed. The map need not be submitted if these areas have already been shown on mine maps submitted to the state regulatory authority, if a copy is available to the appropriate Regional Director pursuant to paragraph (c)(1) of this section or 30 CFR 720.13(b).
            (d) Indian lands—(1) Mine maps. Any person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands under this part shall submit no fewer than 7 copies of an accurate map of the mine and authorized mining areas at a scale of 1:6000 or larger. The map shall show, as of December 16, 1977, the lands where coal has not yet been removed and the lands and structures that have been used or disturbed to facilitate surface coal mining operations.
            (2) Consultation with tribal governments. Any requirement in this part for consultation with or notification to State and local governments shall be interpreted as requiring, in like manner, consultation with or notification to tribal governments. OSM shall consult with the Bureau of Indian Affairs with respect to special requirements relating to the protection of noncoal resources and with the Bureau of Land Management with respect to the requirements relating to the development, production, and recovery of mineral resources on Indian lands.
            [42 FR 62680, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 44 FR 6682, Feb. 1, 1979; 59 FR 43419, Aug. 23, 1994]

            § 715.12
            Signs and markers.
            (a) Specifications. All signs required to be posted shall be of a standard design that can be seen and read easily and shall be made of durable material. The signs and other markers shall be maintained during all operations to which they pertain and shall conform to local ordinances and codes.
            (b) Mine and permit identification signs. Signs identifying the mine area shall be displayed at all points of access to the permit area from public roads and highways. Signs shall show the name, business address, and telephone number of the permittee and identification numbers of current mining and reclamation permits or other authorizations to operate. Such signs shall not be removed until after release of all bonds.
            (c) Perimeter markers. The perimeter of the permit area shall be clearly marked by durable and easily recognized markers, or by other means approved by the regulatory authority.
            (d) Buffer zone markers. Buffer zones as defined in § 715.17 shall be marked in a manner consistent with the perimeter markers along the interior boundary of the buffer zone.
            (e) Blasting signs. If blasting is necessary to conduct surface coal mining operations, signs reading “Blasting Area” shall be displayed conspicuously at the edge of blasting areas along access and haul roads within the mine property. Signs reading “Blasting Area” and explaining the blasting warning and all-clear signals shall be posted at all entrances to the permit area.
            (f) Topsoil markers. Where topsoil or other vegetation-supporting material is segregated and stockpiled according to § 715.16(c), the stockpiled material shall be marked. Markers shall remain in place until the material is removed.

            § 715.13
            Postmining use of land.
            (a) General. All disturbed areas shall be restored in a timely manner (1) to conditions that are capable of supporting the uses which they were capable of supporting before any mining, or (2) to higher or better uses achievable under criteria and procedures of paragraph (d) of this section.
            (b) Determining premining use of land. The premining uses of land to which the postmining land use is compared shall be those uses which the land previously supported if the land had not been previously mined and had been properly managed.
            (1) The postmining land use for land that has been previously mined and not reclaimed shall be judged on the basis of the highest and best use that can be achieved and is compatible with surrounding areas.
            (2) The postmining land use for land that has received improper management shall be judged on the basis of the premining use of surrounding lands that have received proper management.
            (3) If the premining use of the land was changed within 5 years of the beginning of mining, the comparison of postmining use to premining use shall include a comparison with the historic use of the land as well as its use immediately preceding mining.
            (c) Land-use categories. Land use is categorized in the following groups. Change from one to another land use category in premining to postmining constitutes an alternate land use and the permittee shall meet the requirements of paragraph (d) of this section and all other applicable environmental protection performance standards of this chapter.
            (1) Heavy industry. Manufacturing facilities, powerplants, airports or similar facilities.
            (2) Light industry and commercial services. Office buildings, stores, parking facilities, apartment housed, motels, hotels, or similar facilities.

            (3) Public services. Schools, hospitals, churches, libraries, water-treatment facilities, solid-waste disposal facilities, public parks and recreation facilities, major transmission lines, major pipelines, highways, underground and surface utilities, and other servicing structures and appurtenances.
            (4) Residential. Single- and multiple-family housing (other than apartment houses) with necessary support facilities. Support facilities may include commercial services incorporated in and comprising less than 5 percent of the total land area of housing capacity, associated open space, and minor vehicle parking and recreation facilities supporting the housing.
            (5) Cropland. Land used primarily for the production of cultivated and close-growing crops for harvest alone or in association with sod crops. Land used for facilities in support of farming operations are included.
            (6) Rangeland. Includes rangelands and forest lands which support a cover of herbaceous or scrubby vegetation suitable for grazing or browsing use.
            (7) Hayland or pasture. Land used primarily for the long-term production of adapted, domesticated forage plants to be grazed by livestock or cut and cured for livestock feed.
            (8) Forest land. Land with at least a 25 percent tree canopy or land at least 10 percent stocked by forest trees of any size, including land formerly having had such tree cover and that will be naturally or artificially reforested.
            (9) Impoundments of water. Land used for storing water for beneficial uses such as stock ponds, irrigation, fire protection, recreation, or water supply.
            (10) Fish and wildlife habitat and recreation lands. Wetlands, fish and wildlife habitat, and areas managed primarily for fish and wildlife or recreation.
            (11) Combined uses. Any appropriate combination of land uses where one land use is designated as the primary land use and one or more other land uses are designated as secondary land uses.
            (d) Criteria for approving alternative postmining use of land. An alternative postmining land use shall be approved by the regulatory authority, after consultation with the landowner or the land-management agency having jurisdiction over State or Federal lands, if the following criteria are met. Proposals to remove an entire coal seam running through the upper part of a mountain, ridge, or hill must also meet these criteria in addition to the requirements of § 716.3 of this chapter.
            (1) The proposed land use is compatible with adjacent land use and, where applicable, with existing local, State or Federal land use policies and plans. A written statement of the views of the authorities with statutory responsibilities for land use policies and plans shall accompany the request for approval. The permittee shall obtain any required approval of local, State or Federal land management agencies, including any necessary zoning or other changes necessarily required for the final land use.
            (2) Specific plans have been prepared which show the feasibility of the proposed land use as related to needs, projected land use trends, and markets and that include a schedule showing how the proposed use will be developed and achieved within a reasonable time after mining and be sustained. The regulatory authority may require appropriate demonstrations to show that the planned procedures are feasible, reasonable, and integrated with mining and reclamation, and that the plans will result in successful reclamation.
            (3) Provision of any necessary public facilities is assured as evidenced by letters of commitment from parties other than the permittee, as appropriate, to provide them in a manner compatible with the permittee's plans.
            (4) Specific and feasible plans for financing attainment and maintenance of the postmining land use including letters of commitment from parties other than the permittee as appropriate, if the postmining land use is to be developed by such parties.
            (5) The plans are designed under the general supervision of a registered professional engineer, or other appropriate professional, who will ensure that the plans conform to applicable accepted standards for adequate land stability, drainage, and vegetative cover, and aesthetic design appropriate for the postmining use of the site.

            (6) The proposed use or uses will neither present actual or probable hazard to public health or safety nor will they pose any actual or probable threat of water flow diminution or pollution.
            (7) The use or uses will not involve unreasonable delays in reclamation.
            (8) Necessary approval of measures to prevent or mitigate adverse effects on fish and wildlife has been obtained from the regulatory authority and appropriate State and Federal fish and wildlife management agencies.
            (9) Proposals to change premining land uses of range, fish and wildlife habitat, forest land, hayland, or pasture to a postmining cropland use, where the cropland would require continous maintenance such as seeding, plowing, cultivation, fertilzation, or other similar practices to be practicable or to comply with applicable Federal, State, and local laws, shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority to assure that—
            (i) There is a firm written commitment by the permittee or by the landowner or land manager to provide sufficient crop management after release of applicable performance bonds to assure that the proposed postmining cropland use remains practical and reasonable;
            (ii) There is sufficient water available and committed to maintain crop production; and
            (iii) Topsoil quality and depth are shown to be sufficient to support the proposed use.
            (10) The regulatory authority has provided by public notice not less than 45 days nor more than 60 days for interested citizens and local, State and Federal agencies to review and comment on the proposed land use.
            [42 FR 62680, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2721, Jan. 19, 1978]

            § 715.14
            Backfilling and grading.
            In order to achieve the approximate orginal contour, the permittee shall, except as provided in this section, transport, backfill, compact (where advisable to ensure stability or to prevent leaching of toxic materials), and grade all spoil material to eliminate all highwalls, spoil piles, and depressions. Cut-and-fill terraces may be used only in those situations expressly identified in this section. The postmining graded slopes must approximate the premining natural slopes in the area as defined in paragraph (a).
            (a) Slope measurements. (1) To determine the natural slopes of the area before mining, sufficient slopes to adequately represent the land surface configuration, and as approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with site conditions, must be accurately measured and recorded. Each measurement shall consist of an angle of inclination along the prevailing slope extending 100 linear feet above and below or beyond the coal outcrop or the area to be disturbed; or, where this is impractical, at locations specified by the regulatory authority. Where the area has been previously mined, the measurements shall extend at least 100 feet beyond the limits of mining disturbances as determined by the regulatory authority to be representative of the premining configuration of the land. Slope measurements shall take into account natural variations in slope so as to provide accurate representation of the range of natural slopes and shall reflect geomorphic differences of the area to be disturbed. Slope measurements may be made from topographic maps showing contour lines, having sufficient detail and accuracy consistent with the submitted mining and reclamation plan.
            (2) After the disturbed area has been graded, the final graded slopes shall be measured at the beginning and end of lines established on the prevailing slope at locations representative of premining slope conditions and approved by the regulatory authority. These measurements must not be made so as to allow unacceptably steep slopes to be constructed.
            (b) Final graded slopes. (1) The final graded slopes shall not exceed either the approximate premining slopes as determined according to paragraph (a)(1) and approved by the regulatory authority or any lesser slope specifed by the regulatory based on consideration of soil, climate, or other characteristics of the surrounding area. Postmining final graded slopes need not be uniform. The requirements of this paragraph may be modifed by the regulatory authority where the mining is reaffecting previously mined lands that have not been restored to the standards of this section and sufficient spoil is not available to return to the slope determined according to paragraph (a)(1). Where such modifications are approved, the permittee shall, as a minimum, be required to—
            (i) Retain all overburden and spoil on the solid portion of existing or new benches; and
            (ii) Backfill and grade to the most moderate slope possible to eliminate the highwall which does not exceed the angle of repose or such lesser slopes as is necessary to assure stability.
            (2) On approval by the regulatory authority and in order to conserve soil moisture, ensure stability, and control erosion on final graded slopes, cut-and-fill terraces may be allowed if the terraces are compatible with the postmining land use approved under § 715.13, and are appropriate substitutes for construction of lower grades on the reclaimed lands. The terraces shall meet the following requirements:
            (i) Where specialized grading, foundation conditions, or roads are required for the approved postmining land use, the final grading may include a terrace of adequate width to ensure the safety, stability, and erosion control necessary to implement the postmining land use plan.
            (ii) The vertical distance between terraces shall be as specified by the regulatory authority to prevent excessive erosion and to provide long-term stability.

            (iii) The slope of the terrace outslope shall not exceed 1v:2h (50 percent). Outslopes which exceed 1v:2h (50 percent) may be approved if they have a minimum static safety factor of more than 1.5 and provide adequate control over erosion and closely resemble the surface configuration of the land prior to mining. In no case may highwalls be left as part of terraces.
            (iv) Culverts and underground rock drains shall be used on the terrace only when approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) All operations on steep slopes of 20 degrees or more or on such lesser slopes as the regulatory authority defines as a steep slope shall meet the provisions of § 716.2 of this chapter.
            (c) Mountaintop removal. The requirements of this paragraph and of § 716.3 shall apply to surface mining operations which remove entire coal seams in the upper part of a mountain, ridge, or hill by removing all of the overburden, and where the requirements for achieving the approximate original contour of this section cannot be met. Final graded top plateau slopes on the mined area shall be less than 1v:5h so as to create a level plateau or gently rolling configuration and the outslopes of the plateau shall not exceed 1v:2h, except where engineering data substantiates and the regulatory authority finds that a minimum static safety factor of 1.5 (or higher factors specified by the regulatory authority) will be attained. Although the area need not be restored to approximate original contour, all highwalls, spoil piles, and depressions except as provided in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section shall be eliminated. All mountaintop removal operations shall in addition meet the provisions of § 716.3 of this chapter.
            (d) Small depressions. The requirement of this section to achieve approximate original contour does not prohibit construction of small depressions if they are approved by the regulatory authority to minimize erosion, conserve soil moisture or promote revegetation. These depressions shall be compatible with the approved postmining land use and shall not be inappropriate substitutes for construction of lower grades on the reclaimed lands. Depressions approved under this section shall have a holding capacity of less than 1 cubic yard of water or, if it is necessary that they be larger, shall not restrict normal access throughout the area or constitute a hazard. Large, permanent impoundments shall be governed by paragraph (e) of this section and by § 715.17.
            (e) Permanent impoundments. Permanent impoundments may be retained in mined and reclaimed areas provided all highwalls are eliminated by grading to appropriate contour and the provisions for postmining land use (§ 715.13) and protection of the hydrologic balance (§ 715.17) are met. No impoundments shall be constructed on top of areas in which excess materials are deposited pursuant to § 715.15 of this part. Impoundments shall not be used to meet the requirements of paragraph (j) of this section.
            (f) Definition of thin and thick restored overburden. The thin overburden provisions of paragraph (g) of this section may apply only where the final thickness is less than 0.8 of the initial thickness. The thick overburden provisions of paragraph (h) of this section may apply only where the final thickness is greater than 1.2 of the initial thickness. Initial thickness is the sum of the overburden thickness and coal thickness. Final thickness is the product of the overburden thickness times the bulking factor to be determined for each mine area. The provisions of paragraphs (g) and (h) apply only when operations cannot be carried out to comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section to achieve the approximate original contour.
            (g) Thin overburden. In surface coal mining operations carried out continuously in the same limited pit area for more than 1 year from the day coal-removal operations begin and where the volume of all available spoil and suitable waste materials is demonstrated to be insufficient to achieve approximate original contour, surface coal mining operations shall be conducted to meet, at a minimum, the following standards:
            (1) Transport, backfill, and grade, using all available spoil and suitable waste materials from the entire mine area, to attain the lowest practicable stable grade, which may not exceed the angle of repose, and to provide adequate drainage and long-term stability of the regraded areas.

            (2) Eliminate highwalls by grading or backfilling to stable slopes not exceeding 1v:2h (50 percent), or such lesser slopes as the regulatory authority may specify to reduce erosion, maintain the hydrologic balance, or allow the approved postmining land use.
            (3) Transport, backfill, grade, and revegetate to achieve an ecologically sound land use compatible with the prevailing land use in unmined areas surrounding the permit area.
            (4) Transport, backfill, and grade to ensure the impoundments are constructed only where it has been demonstrated to the regulatory authority's satisfaction that all requirements of § 715.17 have been met and that the impoundments have been approved by the regulatory authority as meeting the requirements of this part and all other applicable Federal and State regulations.
            (h) Thick overburden. In surface coal mining operations where the volume of spoil is demonstrated to be more than sufficient to achieve the approximate original contour surface coal mining operations shall be conducted to meet at a minimum the following standards:
            (1) Transport, backfill, and grade all spoil and wastes not required to achieve approximate original contour in the surface mining area to the lowest practicable grade.
            (2) Deposit, backfill, and grade excess spoil and wastes only within the permit area and dispose of such materials in conformance with this part.
            (3) Transport, backfill, and grade excess spoil and wastes to maintain the hydrologic balance in accordance with this part and to provide long-term stability.
            (4) Transport, backfill, grade, and revegetate wastes and excess spoil to achieve an ecologically sound land use compatible with the prevailing land uses in unmined areas surrounding the permit area.
            (5) Eliminate all highwalls and depressions except as stated in paragraph (e) of this section by backfilling with spoil and suitable waste materials.
            (i) Regrading or stabilizing rills and gullies. When rills or gullies deeper than 9 inches form in areas that have been regraded and the topsoil replaced but vegetation has not yet been established the permittee shall fill, grade, or otherwise stabilize the rills and gullies and reseed or replant the areas according to § 715.20. The regulatory authority shall specify that rills or gullies of lesser size be stabilized if the rills or gullies will be disruptive to the approved postmining land use or may result in additional erosion and sedimentation.
            (j) Covering coal and acid-forming, toxic-forming, combustible, and other waste materials; stabilizing backfilled materials; and using waste material for fill—(1) Cover. All exposed coal seams remaining after mining and any acid-forming, toxic-forming, combustible materials, or any other waste materials identified by the regulatory authority that are exposed, used, or produced during mining shall be covered with a minimum of 4 feet of nontoxic and noncombustible material; or, if necessary, treated to neutralize toxicity in order to prevent water pollution and sustained combustion, and to minimize adverse effects on plant growth and land uses. Where necessary to protect against upward migration of salts, exposure by erosion, to provide an adequate depth for plant growth, or to otherwise meet local conditions, the regulatory authority shall specify thicker amounts of cover using nontoxic material. Acid-forming or toxic-forming material shall not be buried or stored in proximity to a drainage course so as to cause or pose a threat of water pollution or otherwise violate the provisions of § 715.17 of this part.
            (2) Stabilization. Backfilled materials shall be selectively placed and compacted wherever necessary to prevent leaching of toxic-forming materials into surface or subsurface waters in accordance with § 715.17 and wherever necessary to ensure the stability of the backfilled materials. The method of compacting material and the design specifications shall be approved by the regulatory authority before the toxic materials are covered.
            (3) Use of waste materials as fill. Before waste materials from a coal preparation or conversion facility or from other activities conducted outside the permit area such as municipal wastes are used for fill material, it must be demonstrated to the regulatory authority by hydrogeological means and chemical and physical analyses that use of these materials will not adversely affect water quality, water flow, and vegetation; will not present hazards to public health and safety; and will not cause instability in the backfilled area.
            (k) Grading along the contour. All final grading, preparation of overburden before replacement of topsoil, and placement of topsoil, in accordance with § 715.16, shall be done along the contour to minimize subsequent erosion and instability. If such grading, preparation or placement along the contour would be hazardous to equipment operators then grading, preparation or placement in a direction other than generally parallel to the contour may be used. In all cases, grading, preparation, or placement shall be conducted in a manner which minimizes erosion and provides a surface for replacement of topsoil which will minimize slippage.
            [42 FR 62680, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2721, Jan. 19, 1978, as amended at 47 FR 18553, Apr. 29, 1982]

            § 715.15
            Disposal of excess spoil.
            (a) General requirements. (1) Spoil not required to achieve the approximate original contour within the area where overburden has been removed shall be hauled or conveyed to and placed in designated disposal areas within a permit area, if the disposal areas are authorized for such purposes in the approved permit application in accordance with paragraphs (a) through (d) of this section. The spoil shall be placed in a controlled manner to ensure—
            (i) That leachate and surface runoff from the fill will not degrade surface or ground waters or exceed the effluent limitations of § 715.17(a)
            (ii) Stability of the fill; and
            (iii) That the land mass designated as the disposal area is suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings.
            (2) The fill shall be designed using recognized professional standards, certified by a registered professional engineer, and approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed from the disposal area and the topsoil shall be removed, segregated, and stored or replaced under § 715.16. If approved by the regulatory authority, organic material may be used as mulch or may be included in the topsoil to control erosion, promote growth of vegetation, or increase the moisture retention of the soil.

            (4) Slope protection shall be provided to minimize surface erosion at the site. Diversion design shall conform with the requirements of § 715.17(c). All disturbed areas, including diversion ditches that are not riprapped, shall be vegetated upon completion of construction.

            (5) The disposal areas shall be located on the most moderately sloping and naturally stable areas available as approved by the regulatory authority. If such placement provides additional stability and prevents mass movement, fill materials suitable for disposal shall be placed upon or above a natural terrace, bench, or berm.
            (6) The spoil shall be hauled or conveyed and placed in horizontal lifts in a controlled manner, concurrently compacted as necessary to ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement, covered, and graded to allow surface and subsurface drainage to be compatible with the natural surroundings and ensure a long-term static safety factor of 1.5.
            (7) The final configuration of the fill must be suitable for postmining land uses approved in accordance with § 715.13, except that no depressions or impoundments shall be allowed on the completed fill.
            (8) Terraces may be utilized to control erosion and enhance stability if approved by the regulatory authority and consistent with § 715.14(b)(2).
            (9) Where the slope in the disposal area exceeds 1v:2.8h (36 percent), or such lesser slope as may be designated by the regulatory authority based on local conditions, keyway cuts (excavations to stable bedrock) or rock toe buttresses shall be constructed to stabilize the fill. Where the toe of the spoil rests on a downslope, stability analyses shall be performed to determine the size of rock toe buttresses and key way cuts.
            (10) The fill shall be inspected for stability by a registered engineer or other qualified professional specialist experienced in the construction of earth and rockfill embankments at least quarterly throughout construction and during the following critical construction periods: (i) Removal of all organic material and topsoil, (ii) placement of underdrainage systems, (iii) installation of surface drainage systems, (iv) placement and compaction of fill materials, and (v) revegetation. The registered engineer or other qualified professional specialist shall provide to the regulatory authority a certified report within 2 weeks after each inspection that the fill has been constructed as specified in the design approved by the regulatory authority. A copy of the report shall be retained at the minesite.
            (11) Coal processing wastes shall not be disposed of in head-of-hollow or valley fills, and may only be disposed of in other excess spoil fills, if such waste is—
            (i) Demonstrated to be nontoxic and nonacid forming; and
            (ii) Demonstrated to be consistent with the design stability of the fill.
            (12) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade watercourses, or wet-weather seeps, an underdrain system consisting of durable rock shall be constructed from the wet areas in a manner that prevents infiltration of the water into the spoil material. The underdrain system shall be protected by an adequate filter and shall be designed and constructed using standard geotechnical engineering methods.
            (13) The foundation and abutments of the fill shall be stable under all conditions of construction and operation. Sufficient foundation investigation and laboratory testing of foundation materials shall be performed in order to determine the design requirements for stability of the foundation. Analyses of foundation conditions shall include the effect of underground mine workings, if any, upon the stability of the structure.
            (14) Excess spoil may be returned to underground mine workings, but only in accordance with a disposal program approved by the regulatory authority and MSHA.
            (15) Disposal of excess spoil from an upper actively mined bench to a lower pre-existing bench by means of gravity transport is permitted provided that:
            (i) The operator receives the prior written approval of the regulatory authority upon demonstration by the operator that the spoil to be disposed of by gravity transport is not necessary for elimination of the highwall and return of the upper bench to approximate original contour;
            (ii) The following conditions and performance standards in addition to the environmental performance standards of this part are met:

            (A) The highwall of the lower bench intersects (meets) the upper actively mined bench with no natural slope between them;
            (B) The gravity transport points are determined on a site specific basis by the operator and approved by the regulatory authority to minimize hazards to health and safety and to ensure that damage will be minimized should spoil accidentally move down-slope of the lower bench;
            (C) The excess spoil is placed only on solid portions of the lower pre-existing bench;
            (D) All excess spoil on the lower solid bench, including that spoil immediately below the gravity transport points, is rehandled and placed in a controlled manner to eliminate as much of the lower highwall as practicable. Rehandling and placing the excess spoil on the lower solid bench shall consist of placing the excess spoil in horizontal lifts in a controlled manner, concurrently compacted as necessary to ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement, and graded to allow surface and subsurface drainage to be compatible with the natural surroundings to ensure a long term static safety factor of 1.3. Spoil on the bench prior to the current mining operation need not be rehandled except to ensure stability of the fill.
            (E) A safety berm is constructed on the solid portion of the lower bench prior to gravity transport of the excess spoil. Where there is insufficient material on the lower bench to construct a safety berm, only that amount of spoil necessary for the construction of the berm may be gravity transported to the lower bench prior to construction of the berm. The safety berm must be removed by the operator by final grading operations;
            (F) The area of the lower bench used to facilitate the disposal of excess spoil is considered a disturbed area.
            (b) Valley fills. Valley fills shall meet all of the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section and the additional requirements of this section.
            (1) The fill shall be designed to attain a long-term static safety factor of 1.5 based upon data obtained from subsurface exploration, geotechnical testing, foundation design, and accepted engineering analyses.
            (2) A subdrainage system for the fill shall be constructed in accordance with the following:
            (i) A system of underdrains constructed of durable rock shall meet the requirements of paragraph (2)(iv) of this section and:
            (A) Be installated along the natural drainage system;
            (B) Extend from the toe to the head of the fill; and
            (C) Contain lateral drains to each area of potential drainage or seepage.
            (ii) A filter system to insure the proper functioning of the rock underdrain system shall be designed and constructed using standard geotechnical engineering methods.
            (iii) In constructing the underdrains, no more than 10 percent of the rock may be less than 12 inches in size and no single rock may be larger than 25 percent of the width of the drain. Rock used in underdrains shall meet the requirements of paragraph (2)(iv) of this section. The minimum size of the main underdrain shall be:

                Total amount of fill material
                Predominant type of fill material
                Minimum size of drain, in feet
                Width
                Height

                Less than 1,000,000 yd 3

                Sandstone
                10
                4

                  Do
                Shale
                16
                8

                More than 1,000,000 yd 3

                Sandstone
                16
                8

                  Do
                Shale
                16
                16

            (iv) Underdrains shall consist of nondegradable, non-acid or toxic forming rock such as natural sand and gravel, sandstone, limestone, or other durable rock that will not slake in water and will be free of coal, clay or shale.
            (3) Spoil shall be hauled or conveyed and placed in a controlled manner and concurrently compacted as specified by the regulatory authority, in lifts no greater than 4 feet or less if required by the regulatory authority to—
            (i) Achieve the densities designed to ensure mass stability;
            (ii) Prevent mass movement;
            (iii) Avoid contamination of the rock underdrain or rock core; and
            (iv) Prevent formation of voids.

            (4) Surface water runoff from the area above the fill shall be diverted away from the fill and into stabilized diversion channels designed to pass safely the runoff from a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event or larger event specified by the regulatory authority. Surface runoff from the fill surface shall be diverted to stabilized channels off the fill which will safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event. Diversion design shall comply with the requirements of § 715.17(c).

            (5) The tops of the fill and any terrace constructed to stabilize the face shall be graded no steeper than 1v:20h (5 percent). The vertical distance between terraces shall not exceed 50 feet.
            (6) Drainage shall not be directed over the outslope of the fill.
            (7) The outslope of the fill shall not exceed 1v:2h (50 percent). The regulatory authority may require a flatter slope.
            (c) Head-of-hollow fills. Disposal of spoil in the head-of-hollow fill shall meet all standards set forth in paragraphs (a) and (b) and the additional requirements of this section.
            (1) The fill shall be designed to completely fill the disposal site to the approximate elevation of the ridgeline. A rock-core chimney drain may be utilized instead of the subdrain and surface diversion system required for valley fills. If the crest of the fill is not approximately at the same elevation as the low point of the adjacent ridgeline, the fill must be designed as specified in paragraph (b), with diversion of runoff around the fill. A fill associated with contour mining and placed at or near the coal seam, and which does not exceed 250,000 cubic yards may use the rock-core chimney drain.
            (2) The alternative rock-core chimney drain system shall be designed and incorporated into the construction of head-of-hollow fills as follows:
            (i) The fill shall have, along the vertical projection of the main buried stream channel or rill a vertical core of durable rock at least 16 feet thick which shall extend from the toe of the fill to the head of the fill, and from the base of the fill to the surface of the fill. A system of lateral rock underdrains shall connect this rock core to each area of potential drainage or seepage in the disposal area. Rocks used in the rock core and underdrains shall meet the requirements of paragraph (b)(2)(iv).
            (ii) A filter system to ensure the proper functioning of the rock core shall be designed and constructed using standard geotechnical engineering methods.

            (iii) The grading may drain surface water away from the outslope of the fill and toward the rock core. The maximum slope of the top of the fill shall be 1v:33h (3 percent). Instead of the requirements of paragraph (a)(7) of this section, a drainage pocket may be maintained at the head of the fill during and after construction, to intercept surface runoff and discharge the runoff through or over the rock drain, if stability of the fill is not impaired. In no case shall this pocket or sump have a potential for impounding more than 10,000 cubic feet of water. Terraces on the fill shall be graded with a 3- to 5-percent grade toward the fill and a 1-percent slope toward the rock core.
            (3) The drainage control system shall be capable of passing safely the runoff from a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event, or larger event specified by the regulatory authority.
            (d) Durable rock fills. In lieu of the requirements of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section the regulatory authority may approve alternate methods for disposal of hard rock spoil, including fill placement by dumping in a single lift, on a site specific basis, provided the services of a registered professional engineer experienced in the design and construction of earth and rockfill embankments are utilized and provided the requirements of this paragraph and paragraph (a) are met. For this section, hard rock spoil shall be defined as rockfill consisting of at least 80 percent by volume of sandstone, limestone, or other rocks that do not slake in water. Resistance of the hard rock spoil to slaking shall be determined by using the slake index and slake durability tests in accordance with guidelines and criteria established by the regulatory authority.
            (1) Spoil is to be transported and placed in a specified and controlled manner which will ensure stability of the fill.

            (i) The method of spoil placement shall be designed to ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement in accordance with the additional requirements of this section.
            (ii) Loads of noncemented clay shale and/or clay spoil in the fill shall be mixed with hard rock spoil in a controlled manner to limit on a unit basis concentrations of noncemented clay shale and clay in the fill. Such materials shall comprise no more than 20 percent of the fill volume as determined by tests performed by a registered engineer and approved by the regulatory authority.
            (2)(i) Stability analyses shall be made by the registered professional engineer. Parameters used in the stability analyses shall be based on adequate field reconnaissance, subsurface investigations, including borings, and laboratory tests.
            (ii) The embankment which constitutes the valley fill or head-of-hollow fill shall be designed with the following factors of safety:

                Case
                Design condition
                Minimum factor of safety

                I
                End of construction
                1.5

                II
                Earthquake
                1.1

            (3) The design of a head-of-hollow fill shall include an internal drainage system which will ensure continued free drainage of anticipated seepage from precipitation and from springs or wet weather seeps.
            (i) Anticipated discharge from springs and seeps and due to precipitation shall be based on records and/or field investigations to determine seasonal variation. The design of the internal drainage system shall be based on the maximum anticipated discharge.
            (ii) All granular material used for the drainage system shall be free of clay and consist of durable particles such as natural sands and gravels, sandstone, limestone or other durable rock which will not slake in water.
            (iii) The internal drain shall be protected by a properly designed filter system.
            (4) Surface water runoff from the areas adjacent to and above the fill shall not be allowed to flow onto the fill and shall be diverted into stabilized channels which are designed to pass safely the runoff from a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event. Diversion design shall comply with the requirements of § 715.17(c).

            (5) The top surface of the completed fill shall be graded such that the final slope after settlement will be no steeper than 1v:20h (5 percent) toward properly designed drainage channels in natural ground along the periphery of the fill. Surface runoff from the top surface of the fill shall not be allowed to flow over the outslope of the fill.
            (6) Surface runoff from the outslope of the fill shall be diverted off the fill to properly designed channels which will pass safely a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event. Diversion design shall comply with the requirements of § 715.17(c).
            (7) Terraces shall be constructed on the outslope if required for control of erosion or for roads included in the approved postmining land use plan. Terraces shall meet the following requirements:

            (i) The slope of the outslope between terrace benches shall not exceed 1v:2h (50 percent.).

            (ii) To control surface runoff, each terrace bench shall be graded to a slope of 1v:20h (5 percent) toward the embankment. Runoff shall be collected by a ditch along the intersection of each terrace bench and the outslope.
            (iii) Terrace ditches shall have a 5-percent slope toward the channels specified in paragraph (d)(6) of this section, unless steeper slopes are necessary in conjunction with approved roads.
            (e) Preexisting benches. (1) The regulatory authority may approve the disposal of excess spoil through placement on preexisting benches: Provided, That the standards set forth in paragraphs (a)(1)-(a)(5) and (a)(7)-(a)(14) of this section and the requirements of this paragraph (e) are met.
            (2) All spoil shall be placed on the solid portion of the preexisting bench.
            (3) The fill shall be designed, using standard geotechnical analysis, to attain a long-term static safety factor of 1.3 for all portions of the fill.
            (4) The preexisting bench shall be backfilled and graded to—

            (i) Achieve the most moderate slope possible which does not exceed the angle of repose, and

            (ii) Eliminate the highwall to the extent practicable.
            [44 FR 30628, May 25, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 37233, July 17, 1981; 47 FR 18555, Apr. 29, 1982]

            § 715.16
            Topsoil handling.
            To prevent topsoil from being contaminated by spoil or waste materials, the permittee shall remove the topsoil as a separate operation from areas to be disturbed. Topsoil shall be immediately redistributed according to the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section on areas graded to the approved postmining configuration. The topsoil shall be segregated, stockpiled, and protected from wind and water erosion and from contaminants which lessen its capability to support vegetation if sufficient graded areas are not immediately available for redistribution.
            (a) Topsoil removal. All topsoil to be salvaged shall be removed before any drilling for blasting, mining, or other surface disturbance.
            (1) All topsoil shall be removed unless use of alternative materials is approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with paragraph (a)(4) of this section. Where the removal of topsoil results in erosion that may cause air or water pollution, the regulatory authority shall limit the size of the area from which topsoil may be removed at any one time and specify methods of treatment to control erosion of exposed overburden.
            (2) All of the A horizon of the topsoil as identified by soil surveys shall be removed according to paragraph (a) and then replaced on disturbed areas as the surface soil layers. Where the A horizon is less than 6 inches, a 6-inch layer that includes the A horizon and the unconsolidated material immediately below the A horizon (or all unconsolidated material if the total available is less than 6 inches) shall be removed and the mixture segregated and replaced as the surface soil layer.
            (3) Where necessary to obtain soil productivity consistent with postmining land use, the regulatory authority may require that the B horizon or portions of the C horizon or other underlying layers demonstrated to have comparable quality for root development be segregated and replaced as subsoil.
            (4) Selected overburden materials may be used instead of, or as a supplement to, topsoil where the resulting soil medium is equal to or more suitable for vegetation, and if all the following requirements are met:
            (i) The permittee demonstrates that the selected overburden materials or an overburden-topsoil mixture is more suitable for restoring land capability and productivity by the results of chemical and physical analyses. These analyses shall include determinations of pH, percent organic material, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, texture class, and water-holding capacity, and such other analyses as required by the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority also may require that results of field-site trials or greenhouse tests be used to demonstrate the feasibility of using such overburden materials.
            (ii) The chemical and physical analyses and the results of field-site trials and greenhouse tests are accompanied by a certification from a qualified soil scientist or agronomist.
            (iii) The alternative material is removed, segregated, and replaced in conformance with this section.
            (b) Topsoil redistribution. (1) After final grading and before the topsoil is replaced, regraded land shall be scarified or otherwise treated to eliminate slippage surfaces and to promote root penetration.
            (2) Topsoil shall be redistributed in a manner that—
            (i) Achieves an approximate uniform thickness consistent with the postmining land uses;
            (ii) Prevents excess compaction of the spoil and topsoil; and
            (iii) Protects the topsoil from wind and water erosion before it is seeded and planted.
            (c) Topsoil storage. If the permit allows storage of topsoil, the stockpiled topsoil shall be placed on a stable area within the permit area where it will not be disturbed or be exposed to excessive water, wind erosion, or contaminants which lessen its capability to support vegetation before it can be redistributed on terrain graded to final contour. Stockpiles shall be selectively placed and protected from wind and water erosion, unnecessary compaction, and contamination by undesirable materials either by a vegetative cover as defined in § 715.20(g) or by other methods demonstrated to provide equal protection such as snow fences, chemical binders, and mulching. Unless approved by the regulatory authority, stockpiled topsoil shall not be moved until required for redistribution on a disturbed area.
            (d) Nutrients and soil amendments. Nutrients and soil amendments in the amounts and analyses as determined by soil tests shall be applied to the surface soil layer so that it will support the postmining requirements of § 715.13 and the revegetation requirements of § 715.20.

            § 715.17
            Protection of the hydrologic system.
            The permittee shall plan and conduct coal mining and reclamation operations to minimize disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance in order to prevent long-term adverse changes in the hydrologic balance that could result from surface coal mining and reclamation operations, both on- and off-site. Changes in water quality and quantity, in the depth to ground water, and in the location of surface water drainage channels shall be minimized such that the postmining land use of the disturbed land is not adversely affected and applicable Federal and State statutes and regulations are not violated. The permittee shall conduct operations so as to minimize water pollution and shall, where necessary, use treatment methods to control water pollution. The permittee shall emphasize surface coal mining and reclamation practices that will prevent or minimize water pollution and changes in flows in preference to the use of water treatment facilities. Practices to control and minimize pollution include, but are not limited to, stabilizing disturbed areas through grading, diverting runoff, achieving quick growing stands of temporary vegetation, lining drainage channels with rock or vegetation, mulching, sealing acid-forming and toxic-forming materials, and selectively placing waste materials in backfill areas. If pollution can be controlled only by treatment, the permittee shall operate and maintain the necessary water-treatment facilities for as long as treatment is required.
            (a) Water quality standards and effluent limitations. All surface drainage from the disturbed area, including disturbed areas that have been graded, seeded, or planted, shall be passed through a sedimentation pond or a series of sedimentation ponds before leaving the permit area. Sedimentation ponds shall be retained until drainage from the disturbed areas has met the water quality requirements of this section and the revegetation requirements of § 715.20 have been met. The regulatory authority may grant exemptions from this requirement only when the disturbed drainage area within the total disturbed area is small and if the permittee shows that sedimentation ponds are necessary to meet the effluent limitations of this paragraph and to maintain water quality in downstream receiving waters. For purpose of this section only, disturbed area shall not include those areas in which only diversion ditches, sedimentation ponds, or roads are installed in accordance with this section and the upstream area is not otherwise disturbed by the permittee. Sedimentation ponds required by this paragraph shall be constructed in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section in appropriate locations prior to any mining in the affected drainage area in order to control sedimentation or otherwise treat water in accordance with this paragraph. Discharges from areas disturbed by surface coal mining and reclamation operations must meet all applicable Federal and State laws and regulations and, at a minimum, the following numerical effluent limitations:

              Effluent Limitations, in Milligrams Per Liter, mg/l, Except for pH

                Effluent characteristics
                Maximum allowable 1

                Average of daily values for 30 consecutive discharge days 1

                Iron, total
                7.0
                3.5

                Manganese, total
                4.0
                2.0

                Total suspended solids 2

                70.0
                35.0

                pH 3

                (4 )
                (4 )

                1 Based on representative sampling.

                2 In Arizona, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming, total suspended solids limitations will be determined on a case-by-case basis, but they must not be greater than 45 mg/l (maximum allowable) and 30 mg/l (average of daily value for 30 consecutive discharge days) based on a representative sampling.

                3 Where the application of neutralization and sedimentation treatment technology results in inability to comply with the manganese limitation set forth, the regulatory authority may allow the pH level in the discharge to exceed to a small extent the upper limit of 9.0 in order that the manganese limitations will be achieved.

                4 Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

            (1) Any overflow or other discharge of surface water from the disturbed area within the permit area demonstrated by the permittee to result from a precipitation event larger than a 10-year, 24-hours frequency event will not be subject to the effluent limitations of paragraph (a).
            (2) The permittee shall install, operate, and maintain adequate facilities to treat any water discharged from the disturbed area that violates applicable federal or State laws or regulations or the limitations of paragraph (a). If the pH of waters to be discharged from the disturbed area is normally less than 6.0, an automatic line feeder or other neutralization process approved by the regulatory authority shall be installed operated, and maintained. If, the regulatory authority finds (i) that small and infrequent treatment requirements to meet applicable standards do not necessitate use of an automatic neutralization process, and (ii) that the mine normally produces less than 500 tons of coal per day, then the regulatory authority may approve the use of a manual system if the permittee ensures consistent and timely treatment.
            (3) The effluent limitations for manganese shall be applicable only to acid drainage.
            (b) Surface-water monitoring. (1) The permittee shall submit for approval by the regulatory authority a surface-water monitoring program which meets the following requirements:
            (i) Provides adequate monitoring of all discharge from the disturbed area.
            (ii) Provides adequate data to describe the likely daily and seasonal variation in discharges from the disturbed area in terms of water flow, pH, total iron, total managanese, and total suspended solids and, if requested by the regulatory authority, any other parameter characteristic of the discharge.
            (iii) Provides monitoring at appropriate frequencies to measure normal and abnormal variations in concentrations.
            (iv) Provides an analytical quality control system including standard methods of analysis such as those specified in 40 CFR 136.

            (v) Within sixty (60) days of the end of each sixty (60) day sample collection period, a report of all samples shall be made to the regulatory authority, unless the discharge for which water monitoring reports are required is subject to regulation by a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit issued in compliance with the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 1251-1378), (A) which includes equivalent reporting requirements, and (B) which requires filing of the water monitoring report within 90 days or less of sample collection. For such discharges, the reporting requirements of this paragraph may be satisfied by submitting to the regulatory authority on the same time schedule as required by the NPDES permit or within ninety (90) days following sample collection, whichever is earlier, either (1) a copy of the completed reporting form filed to meet the NPDES permit requirements, or (2) a letter identifying the State or Federal government official with whom the reporting form was filed to meet the NPDES permit requirements and the date of filing. In all cases in which analytical results of the sample collections indicate a violation of a permit condition or applicable standard has occurred, the operator shall notify the regulatory authority immediately. Where an NPDES permit effluent limitation requirement has been violated, the permittee should forward a copy of the Discharge Monitoring Report, EPA Form 3320-1, concurrently with notification of the violation.

            (2) After disturbed areas have been regraded and stabilized in accordance with this part, the permittee shall monitor surface water flow and quality. Data from this monitoring shall be used to demonstrate that the quality and quantity of runoff without treatment will be consistent with the requirement of this section to minimize disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance and with the requirements of this part to attain the approved postmining land use. These data shall provide a basis for approval by the regulatory authority for removal of water quality or flow control systems and for determining when the requirements of this section are met. The regulatory authority shall determine the nature of data, frequency of collection, and reporting requirements.
            (3) Equipment, structures, and other measures necessary to accurately measure and sample the quality and quantity of surface water discharges from the disturbed area of the permit area shall be properly installed, maintained, and operated and shall be removed when no longer required.
            (c) Diversion and conveyance of overland flow away from disturbed areas. In order to minimize erosion and to prevent or remove water from contacting toxic-producing deposits, overland flow from undisturbed areas may, if required or approved by the regulatory authority, be diverted away from disturbed areas by means of temporary or permanent diversion structures. The following requirements shall be met:
            (1) Temporary diversion structures shall be constructed to safely pass the peak runoff from a precipitation event with a one year recurrence interval, or a larger event as specified by the regulatory authority. The design criteria must assure adequate protection of the environment and public during the existence of the temporary diversion structure.
            (2) Permanent diversion structures are those remaining after mining and reclamation and approved for retention by the regulatory authority and other appropriate State and Federal agencies. To protect fills and property and to avoid danger to public health and safety, permanent diversion structures shall be constructed to safely pass the peak runoff from a precipitation event with a 100-year recurrence interval, or a larger event as specified by the regulatory authority. Permanent diversion structures shall be constructed with gently sloping banks that are stabilized by vegetation. Asphalt, concrete, or other similar linings shall not be used unless specifically required to prevent seepage or to provide stability and are approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) Diversions shall be designed, constructed, and maintained in a manner to prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow or to runoff outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available. In no event shall such contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law. Appropriate sediment control measures for these diversions shall include, but not be limited to, maintenances of appropriate gradients, channel lining, revegetation, roughness structures, and detention basins.
            (d) Stream channel diversions. (1) Flow from perennial and intermittent streams within the permit area may be diverted only when the diversions are approved by the regulatory authority and they are in compliance with local, State, and Federal statutes and regulations. When streamflow is allowed to be diverted, the new stream channel shall be designed and constructed to meet the following requirements:
            (i) The average stream gradient shall be maintained and the channel designed, constructed, and maintained to remain stable and to prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow, or to runoff outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available. In no event shall such contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law. Erosion control structures such as channel lining structures, retention basins, and artificial channel roughness structures shall be used only when approved by the regulatory agency for temporary diversions where necessary or for permanent diversions where they are stable and will require only infrequent maintenance.
            (ii) Channel, bank, and flood-plain configurations shall be adequate to safely pass the peak runoff of a precipitation event with a 10-year recurrence interval for temporary diversions and a 100-year recurrence interval for permanent diversions, or larger events as specified by the regulatory authority.

            (iii) Fish and wildlife habitat and water and vegetation of significant value for wildlife shall be protected in consultation with appropriate State and Federal fish and wildlife management agencies.
            (2) All temporary diversion structures shall be removed and the affected land regraded and revegetated consistent with the requirements of §§ 715.14 and 715.20. At the time such diversions are removed, the permittee shall ensure that downstream water treatment facilities previously protected by the diversion are modified or removed to prevent overtopping or failure of the facilities.
            (3) Buffer zone. No land within 100 feet of an intermittent or perennial stream shall be disturbed by surface coal mining and reclamation operations unless the regulatory authority specifically authorizes surface coal mining and reclamation operations through such a stream. The area not to be disturbed shall be designated a buffer zone and marked as specified in § 715.12.
            (e) Sedimentation ponds—(1) General requirements. Sedimentation ponds shall be used individually or in series and shall—
            (i) Be constructed before any disturbance of the undisturbed area to be drained into the pond;
            (ii) Be located as near as possible to the disturbed area and out of perennial streams; unless approved by the regulatory authority;
            (iii) Meet all the criteria of this section.
            (2) Sediment storage volume. Sedimentation ponds shall provide a minimum sediment storage volume.
            (3) Detention time. Sedimentation ponds shall provide the required theoretical detention time for the water inflow or runoff entering the pond from a 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event (design event).
            (4) Dewatering. The water storage resulting from inflow shall be removed by a nonclogging dewatering device or a conduit spillway approved by the regulatory authority. The dewatering device shall not be located at a lower elevation than the maximum elevation of the sedimentation storage volume.
            (5) Each person who conducts surface mining activities shall design, construct, and maintain sedimentation ponds to prevent short-circuiting to the extent possible.
            (6) The design, construction, and maintenance of a sedimentation pond or other sediment control measures in accordance with this section shall not relieve the person from compliance with applicable effluent limitations as contained in paragraph (a) of this section.
            (7) There shall be no out-flow through the emergency spillway during the passage of the runoff resulting from the 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event or lesser events through the sedimentation pond.
            (8) Sediment shall be removed from sedimentation ponds.
            (9) An appropriate combination of principal and emergency spillways shall be provided to safely discharge the runoff from a 25-year, 24-hour precipitation event, or larger event specified by the regulatory authority. The elevation of the crest of the emergency spillway shall be a minimum of 1.0 foot above the crest of the principal spillway. Emergency spillway grades and allowable velocities shall be approved by the regulatory authority.
            (10) The minimum elevation at the top of the settled embankment shall be 1.0 foot above the water surface in the pond with the emergency spillway flowing at design depth. For embankments subject to settlement, this 1.0 foot minimum elevation requirement shall apply at all times, including the period after settlement.
            (11) The constructed height of the dam shall be increased a minimum of 5 percent over the design height to allow for settlement, unless it has been demonstrated to the regulatory authority that the material used and the design will ensure against all settlement.

            (12) The minimum top width of the embankment shall not be less than the quotient of (H + 35)/5, where H is the height, in feet, of the embankment as measured from the upstream toe of the embankment.

            (13) The combined upstream and downstream side slopes of the settled embankment shall not be less than 1v:5h, with neither slope steeper than 1v:2h. Slopes shall be designed to be stable in all cases, even if flatter side slopes are required.

            (14) The embankment foundation areas shall be cleared of all organic matter, all surfaces sloped to no steeper than 1v:1h, and the entire foundation surface scarified.
            (15) The fill material shall be free of sod, large roots, other large vegetative matter, and frozen soil, and in on case shall coal-processing waste be used.
            (16) The placing and spreading of fill material shall be started at the lowest point of the foundation. The fill shall be brought up in horizontal layers of such thickness as is required to facilitate compaction and meet the design requirements of this section. Compaction shall be conducted as specified in the design approved by the regulatory authority.
            (17) If a sedimentation pond has an embankment that is more than 20 feet in height, as measured from the upstream toe of the embankment to the crest of the emergency spillway, or has a storage volume of 20 acre-feet or more, the following additional requirements shall be met:
            (i) An appropriate combination of principal and emergency spillways shall be provided to discharge safely the runoff resulting from a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event, or a larger event specified by the regulatory authority.
            (ii) The embankment shall be designed and constructed with a static safety factor of at least 1.5, or a higher safety factor as designated by the regulatory authority to ensure stability.
            (iii) Appropriate barriers shall be provided to control seepage along conduits that extend through the embankment.
            (iv) The criteria of the Mine Safety and Health Administration as published in 30 CFR 77.216 shall be met.
            (18) Each pond shall be designed and inspected during construction under the supervision of, and certified after construction by, a registered professional engineer.
            (19) The entire embankment including the surrounding areas disturbed by construction shall be stabilized with respect to erosion by a vegetative cover or other means immediately after the embankment is completed. The active upstream face of the embankment where water will be impounded may be riprapped or otherwise stabilized. Areas in which the vegetation is not successful or where rills and gullies develop shall be repaired and revegetated in accordance with § 715.20.
            (20) All ponds, including those not meeting the size or other criteria of 30 CFR 77.216(a), shall be examined for structural weakness, erosion, and other hazardous conditions, and reports and modifications shall be made to the regulatory authority, in accordance with 30 CFR 77.216-3. With the approval of the regulatory authority, dams not meeting these criteria (30 CFR 77.216(a)) shall be examined four times per year.
            (21) Sedimentation ponds shall not be removed until the disturbed area has been restored, and the vegetation requirements of § 715.20 are met and the drainage entering the pond has met the applicable State and Federal water quality requirements for the receiving stream. When the sedimentation pond is removed, the affected land shall be regraded and revegetated in accordance with §§ 715.14, 715.16, and 715.20, unless the pond has been approved by the regulatory authority for retention as being compatible with the approved postmining land use. If the regulatory authority approves retention, the sedimentation pond shall meet all the requirements for permanent impoundments of paragraph (k) of this section.
            (22)(i) Where surface mining activities are proposed to be conducted on steep slopes, as defined in § 716.2 of this chapter, special sediment control measures may be followed if the person has demonstrated to the regulatory authority that a sedimentation pond (or series of ponds) constructed according to paragraph (e) of this section—
            (A) Will jeopardize public health and safety; or
            (B) Will result in contributions of suspended solids to streamflow in excess of the incremental sediment volume trapped by the additional pond size required.
            (ii) Special sediment control measures shall include but not be limited to—

            (A) Designing, constructing, and maintaining a sedimentation pond as near as physically possible to the disturbed area which complies with the design criteria of this section to the maximum extent possible.
            (B) A plan and commitment to employ sufficient onsite sedimentation control measures including bench sediment storage, filtration by natural vegetation, mulching, and prompt revegetation which, in conjunction with the required sediment pond, will achieve and maintain applicable effluent limitations. The plan submitted pursuant to this paragraph shall include a detailed description of all onsite control measures to be employed, a quantitative analysis demonstrating that onsite sedimentation control measures, in conjunction with the required sedimentation pond, will achieve and maintain applicable effluent limitations, and maps depicting the location of all onsite sedimentation control measures.
            (f) Discharge structures. Discharges from sedimentation ponds and diversions shall be controlled, where necessary, using energy dissipators, surge ponds, and other devices to reduce erosion and prevent deepening or enlargement of stream channels and to minimize disturbances to the hydrologic balance.
            (g) Acid and toxic materials. Drainage from acid-forming and toxic-forming mine waste materials and soils into ground and surface water shall be avoided by—
            (1) Identifying, burying, and treating where necessary, spoil or other materials that, in the judgment of the regulatory authority, will be toxic to vegetation or that will adversely affect water quality if not treated or buried. Such material shall be disposed of in accordance with the provision of § 715.14(j);
            (2) Preventing or removing water from contact with toxic-producing deposits;
            (3) Burying or otherwise treating all toxic or harmful materials within 30 days, if such materials are subject to wind and water erosion, or within a lesser period designated by the regulatory authority. If storage of such materials is approved, the materials shall be placed on impermeable material and protected from erosion and contact with surface water. Coal waste ponds and other coal waste materials shall be maintained according to paragraph (g)(4) of this section, and § 715.18 shall apply;
            (4) Burying or otherwise treating waste materials from coal preparation plants no later than 90 days after the cessation of the filling of the disposal area. Burial or treatment shall be in accordance with § 715.14(j);
            (5) Casing, sealing or otherwise managing boreholes, shafts, wells, and auger holes or other more or less horizontal holes to prevent pollution of surface or ground water and to prevent mixing of ground waters of significantly different quality. All boreholes that are within the permit area but are outside the surface coal mining area or which extend beneath the coal to be mined and into water bearing strata shall be plugged permanently in a manner approved by the regulatory authority, unless the boreholes have been approved for use in monitoring;
            (6) Taking such other actions as required by the regulatory authority.
            (h) Ground water—(1) Recharge capacity of reclaimed lands. The disturbed area shall be reclaimed to restore approximate premining recharge capacity through restoration of the capability of the reclaimed areas as a whole to transmit water to the ground water system. The recharge capacity should be restored to support the approved postmining land use and to minimize disturbances to the prevailing hydrologic balance at the mined area and in associated offsite areas. The permittee shall be responsible for monitoring according to paragraph (h)(3) of this section to ensure operations conform to this requirement.
            (2) Ground water systems. Backfilled materials shall be placed to minimize adverse effects on ground water flow and quality, to minimize offsite effects, and to support the approved postmining land use. The permittee shall be responsible for performing monitoring according to paragraph (h)(3) of this section to ensure operations conform to this requirement.
            (3) Monitoring. Ground water levels, infiltration rates, subsurface flow and storage characteristics, and the quality of ground water shall be monitored in a manner approved by the regulatory authority to determine the effects of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on the recharge capacity of reclaimed lands and on the quantity and quality of water in ground water systems at the mine area and in associated offsite areas. When operations are conducted in such a manner that may affect the ground water system, ground water levels and ground water quality shall be periodically monitored using wells that can adequately reflect changes in ground water quantity and quality resulting from such operations. Sufficient water wells must be used by the permittee. The regulatory authority may require drilling and development of additional wells if needed to adequately monitor the ground water system. As specified and approved by the regulatory authority, additional hydrologic tests, such as infiltration tests and aquifer tests, must be undertaken by the permittee to demonstrate compliance with paragraph (h) (1) and (2) of this section.
            (i) Water rights and replacement. The permittee shall replace the water supply of an owner of interest in real property who obtains all or part of his supply of water for domestic, agricultural, industrial, or other legitimate use from an underground or surface source where such supply has been affected by contamination, diminution, or interruption proximately resulting from surface coal mine operation by the permittee.
            (j) Alluvial valley floors west of the 100th meridian west longitude. (1) Surface coal mining operations conducted in or adjacent to alluvial valley floors shall be planned and conducted so as to preserve the essential hydrologic functions of these alluvial valley floors throughout the mining and reclamation process. These functions shall be preserved by maintaining or reestablishing those hydrologic and biologic characteristics of the alluvial valley floor that are necessary to support the functions. The permittee shall provide information to the regulatory authority as required in paragraph (j)(3) of this section to allow identification of essential hydrologic functions and demonstrate that the functions will be preserved. The characteristics of an alluvial valley floor to be considered include, but are not limited to—
            (i) The longitudinal profile (gradient), cross-sectional shape, and other channel characteristics of streams that have formed within the alluvial valley floor and that provide for maintenance of the prevailing conditions of surface flow;
            (ii) Aquifers (including capillary zones and perched water zones) and confining beds within the mined area which provide for storage, transmission, and regulation of natural ground water and surface water that supply the alluvial valley floors;
            (iii) Quantity and quality of surface and ground water that supply alluvial valley floors;
            (iv) Depth to and seasonal fluctuations of ground water beneath alluvial valley floors;
            (v) Configuration and stability of the land surface in the flood plain and adjacent low terraces in alluvial valley floors as they allow or facilitate irrigation with flood waters or subirrigation and maintain erosional equilibrium; and
            (vi) Moisture-holding capacity of soils (or plant growth medium) within the alluvial valley floors, and physical and chemical characteristics of the subsoil which provide for sustained vegetation growth or cover through dry months.
            (2) Surface coal mining operations located west of the 100th meridian west longitude shall not interrupt, discontinue, or preclude farming on alluvial valley floors and shall not materially damage the quantity or quality of surface or ground water that supplies these valley floors unless the premining land use has been undeveloped rangeland which is not significant to farming on the alluvial valley floors or unless the area of affected alluvial valley floor is small and provides negligible support for the production from one or more farms. This paragraph (j)(2) does not apply to those surface coal mining operations that—

            (i) Were in production in the year preceding August 3, 1977, were located in or adjacent to an alluvial valley floor, and produced coal in commercial quantities during the year preceding August 3, 1977; or

            (ii) Had specific permit approval by the State regulatory authority before August 3, 1977, to conduct surface coal mining operations for an area within an alluvial valley floor.
            (3)(i) Before surface mining and reclamation operations authorized under paragraph (j)(2) of this section may be issued a new revised or amended permit, the permittee shall submit, for regulatory authority approval, detailed surveys and baseline data to establish standards against which the requirements of paragraph (j)(1) of this section may be measured and from which the degree of material damage to the quantity and quality of surface and ground water that supply the alluvial valley floors may be assessed. The surveys and date shall include—
            (A) A map at a scale determined by the regulatory authority, showing the location and configuration of the alluvial valley floor;
            (B) Baseline data covering a full water year for each of the hydrologic functions identified in paragraph (j)(1) of this section;
            (C) Plans showing how the operation will avoid, during mining and reclamation, interruption, discontinuance, or preclusion of farming on the alluvial valley floors and will not materially damage the quantity or quality of water in surface and ground water systems that supply such valley floors;
            (D) Historic land use data for the proposed permit area and for farms to be affected; and
            (E) Such other data as the regulatory authority may require.
            (ii) Surface mining operations which qualify for the exceptions in paragraph (j)(2) of this section are not required to submit the plans prescribed in paragraph (j)(3)(i)(C) of this section.
            (4) The holder of a Federal coal lease or the fee holder of any coal deposit located within or adjacent to an alluvial valley floor west of the 100th meridian west from which coal was not produced in commercial quantities between August 3, 1976, and August 3, 1977, and for which no specific permit by the appropriate State or Federal regulatory authority to conduct surface coal mining operations in the alluvial valley floors has been obtained, may be entitled to an exchange of the Federal coal lease for a lease of other Federal coal deposits under section 510(b)(5) of the Act, or to the conveyance by the Secretary of fee title to other available Federal coal deposits in exchange for the fee title to such deposits under section 206 of the Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (90 Stat. 2743), if the Secretary determines that substantial financial and legal commitments were made by the operator prior to January 1, 1977, in connection with surface coal mining operations on such lands.
            (k) Permanent impoundments. The permittee may construct, if authorized by the regulatory agency pursuant to this paragraph and § 715.13, permanent water impoundments on mining sites as a part of reclamation activities only when they are adequately demonstrated to be incompliance with §§ 715.13 and 715.14 in addition to the following requirements:
            (1) The size of the impoundment is adequate for its intended purposes.
            (2) The impoundment dam construction is designed to achieve necessary stability with an adequate margin of safety compatible with that of structures constructed under Pub. L. 83-566 (16 U.S.C. 1006).
            (3) The quality of the impounded water will be suitable on a permanent basis for its intended use and discharges from the impoundment will not degrade the quality of receiving waters below the water quality standards established pursuant to applicable Federal and State law.
            (4) The level of water will be reasonably stable.
            (5) Final grading will comply with the provisions of § 715.14 and will provide adequate safety and access for proposed water users.
            (6) Water impoundments will not result in the diminution of the quality or quantity of water used by adjacent or surrounding landowners for agricultural, industrial, recreational, or domestic uses.
            (l) Hydrologic impact of roads—(1) General. Access and haul roads and associated bridges, culverts, ditches, and road rights-of-way shall be constructed, maintained, and reclaimed to prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow, or to runoff outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available. In no event shall the contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law. All access and haul roads shall be removed and the land affected regraded and revegetated consistent with the requirements of §§ 715.14 and 715.20, unless retention of a road is approved as part of a postmining land use under § 715.13 as being nessary to support the postmining land use or necessary to adequately control erosion and the necessary maintenance is assured.
            (2) Construction. (i) All roads, insofar as possible, shall be located on ridges or on the available flatter and more stable slopes to minimize erosion. Stream fords are prohibited unless they are specifically approved by the regulatory authority as temporary routes across dry streams that will not adversely affect sedimentation and that will not be used for coal haulage. Other stream crossings shall be made using bridges, culverts or other structures designed and constructed to meet the requirements of this paragraph. Roads shall not be located in active stream channels nor shall they be constructed or maintained in a manner that increases erosion or causes significant sedimentation or flooding. However, nothing in this paragraph will be construed to prohibit relocation of stream channels in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section.
            (ii) In order to minimize erosion and subsequent disturbances of the hydrologic balance, roads shall be constructed in compliance with the following grade restrictions or other grades determined by the regulatory authority to be necessary to control erosion:
            (A) The overall sustained grade shall not exceed 1v:10h (10 percent).

            (B) The maximum grade greater than 10 percent shall not exceed 1v:6.5h (15 percent) for more than 300 feet.
            (C) There shall not be more than 300 feet of grade exceeding 10 percent within each 1,000 feet.
            (iii) All access and haul roads shall be adequately drained using structures such as, but not limited to, ditches, water barriers, cross drains, and ditch relief drains. For access and haul roads that are to be maintained for more than 1 year, water-control structures shall be designed with a discharge capacity capable of passing the peak runoff from a 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event. Drainage pipes and culverts shall be constructed to avoid plugging or collapse and erosion at inlets and outlets. Drainage ditches shall be provided at the toe of all cut slopes formed by construction of roads. Trash racks and debris basins shall be installed in the drainage ditches wherever debris from the drainage area could impair the functions of drainage and sediment control structures. Ditch relief and cross drains shall be spaced according to grade. Effluent limitations of paragraph (a) of this section shall not apply to drainage from access and hauls roads located outside the disturbed area as defined in this section unless otherwise specified by the regulatory authority.
            (iv) Access and haul roads shall be surfaced with durable material. Toxic- or acid-forming substances shall not be used. Vegetation may be cleared only for the essential width necessary for road and associated ditch construction and to serve traffic needs.
            (3) Maintenance. (i) Access and haul roads shall be routinely maintained by means such as, but not limited to, wetting, scraping or surfacing.
            (ii) Ditches, culverts, drains, trash racks, debris basins and other structures serving to drain access and haul roads shall not be restricted or blocked in any manner that impedes drainage or adversely affects the intended purpose of the structure.
            (m) Hydrologic impacts of other transport facilities. Railroad loops, spurs, sidings and other transport facilities shall be constructed, maintained and reclaimed to control diminution or degradation of water quality and quantity and to prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow, or to run-off outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available. In no event shall contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law.

            (n) Discharge of waters into underground mines. Surface and ground waters shall not be discharged or diverted into underground mine workings.
            (Secs. 101, 102, 201, 501, 503-510, 515-517, 523, and 701, Surface Mining Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95-87), 30 U.S.C. 1201, 1202, 1211, 1251-1260, 1265-1267, 1273, 1291))
            [42 FR 62680, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2721, Jan. 19, 1978; 43 FR 3705, Jan. 27, 1978, as amended at 43 FR 8091, Feb. 27, 1978; 43 FR 21458, May 18, 1978; 44 FR 30631, May 25, 1979; 44 FR 36887, June 22, 1979; 44 FR 77451, Dec. 31, 1979; 45 FR 6913, Jan. 30, 1980]

              Effective Date Note:
              A document published at 44 FR 77451, Dec. 31, 1979, temporarily suspended § 715.17(a)(1) insofar as it applies to total suspended solids (TSS) discharges.

            § 715.18
            Dams constructed of or impounding waste material.
            (a) General. No waste material shall be used in or impounded by existing or new dams without the approval of the regulatory authority. The permittee shall design, locate, construct, operate, maintain, modify, and abandon or remove all dams (used either temporarily or permanently) constructed of waste materials, in accordance with the requirements of this section.
            (b) Construction of dams. (1) Waste shall not be used in the construction of dams unless demonstrated through appropriate engineering analysis, to have no adverse effect on stability.
            (2) Plans for dams subject to this section, and also including those dams that do not meet the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, shall be approved by the regulatory authority before construction and shall contain the minimum plan requirements established by the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration pursuant to § 77.216-2 of this title.
            (3) Construction requirements are as follows:
            (i) Design shall be based on the flood from the probable maximum precipitation event unless the permittee shows that the failure of the impounding structure would not cause loss of life or severely damage property or the environment, in which case depending on site conditions, a design based on a precipitations event of no less than 100-year frequency may be approved by the regulatory authority.
            (ii) The design freeboard distance between the lowest point on the embankment crest and the maximum water elevation shall be at least 3 feet to avoid overtopping by wind and wave action.
            (iii) Dams shall have minimum safety factors as follows:

                Case
                Loading condition
                Minimum safety factor

                I
                End of construction
                1.3

                II
                Partial pool with steady seepage saturation
                1.5

                III
                Steady seepage from spillway or decant crest
                1.5

                IV
                Earthquake (cases II and III with seismic loading)
                1.0

            (iv) The dam, foundation, and abutments shall be stable under all conditions of construction and operation of the impoundment. Sufficient foundation investigations and laboratory testing shall be performed to determine the factors of safety of the dam for all loading conditions in paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section and for all increments of construction.
            (v) Seepage through the dam, foundation, and abutments shall be controlled to prevent excessive uplift pressures, internal erosion, sloughing, removal of material by solution, or erosion of material by loss into cracks, joints, and cavities. This may require the use of impervious blankets, pervious drainage zones or blankets, toe drains, relief wells, or dental concreting of jointed rock surface in contact with embankment materials.
            (vi) Allowances shall be made for settlement of the dams and the foundation so that the freeboard will be maintained.
            (vii) Impoundments created by dams of waste materials shall be subject to a minimum drawdown criteria that allows the facility to be evacuated by spillways or decants of 90 percent of the volume of water stored during the design precipitation event within 10 days.

            (viii) During construction of dams subject to this section, the structures shall be periodically inspected by a registered professional engineer to ensure construction according to the approved design. On completion of construction, the structure shall be certified by a registered professional engineer experienced in the field of dam construction as having been constructed in accordance with accepted professional practice and the approved design.
            (ix) A permanent identification marker, at least 6 feet high that shows the dam number assigned pursuant to § 77.216-1 of this title and the name of the person operating or controlling the dam, shall be located on or immediately adjacent to each dam within 30 days of certification of design pursuant to this section.
            (4) All dams, including those not meeting the size or other criteria of § 77.216 (a) of this title, shall be routinely inspected by a registered professional engineer, or someone under the supervision of a registered professional engineer, in accordance with Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration regulations pursuant to § 77.216-3 of this title.
            (5) All dams shall be routinely maintained. Vegetative growth shall be cut where necessary to facilitate inspection and repairs. Ditches and spillways shall be cleaned. Any combustible materials present on the surface, other than that used for surface stability such as mulch or dry vegetation, shall be removed and any other appropriate maintenance procedures followed.
            (6) All dams subject to this section shall be certified annually as having been constructed and modified in accordance with current prudent engineering practices to minimize the possibility of failures, Any changes in the geometry of the impounding structure shall be highlighted and included in the annual certification report. These certifications shall include a report on existing and required monitoring procedures and instrumentation, the average and maximum depths and elevations of any impounded waters over the past year, existing storage capacity of impounding structures, any fires occurring in the material over the past year and any other aspects of the structures affecting their stability.
            (7) Any enlargements, reductions in size, reconstruction or other modification of the dams shall be approved by the regulatory authority before construction begins.
            (8) All dams shall be removed and the disturbed areas regraded, revegetated, and stabilized before the release of bond unless the regulatory authority approves retention of such dams as being compatible with an approved postmining land use (§ 715.13).

            § 715.19
            Use of explosives.
            (a) General. (1) The permittee shall comply with all applicable local, State, and Federal laws and regulations and the requirements of this section in the storage, handling, preparation, and use of explosives.
            (2) Blasting operations that use more than the equivalent of 5 pounds of TNT shall be conducted according to a time schedule approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) All blasting operations shall be conducted by experienced, trained, and competent persons who understand the hazards involved. Persons working with explosive materials shall—
            (i) Have demonstrated a knowledge of, and a willingness to comply with, safety and security requirements;
            (ii) Be capable of using mature judgment in all situations;
            (iii) Be in good physical condition and not addicted to intoxicants, narcotics, or other similar types of drugs;
            (iv) Possess current knowledge of the local, State and Federal laws and regulations applicable to his work; and
            (v) Have obtained a certificate of completion of training and qualification as required by State law or the regulatory authority.
            (b) Preblasting survey. (1) On the request to the regulatory authority of a resident or owner of a manmade dwelling or structure that is located within one-half mile of any part of the permit area, the permittee shall conduct a preblasting survey of the dwelling or structure and submit a report of the survey to the regulatory authority.

            (2) Personnel approved by the regulatory authority shall conduct the survey to determine the condition of the dwelling or structure and to document any preblasting damage and other physical factors that could reasonably be affected by the blasting. Assessments of structures such as pipes, cables, transmission lines, and wells and other water systems shall be limited to surface condition and other readily available data. Special attention shall be given to the preblasting condition of wells and other water systems used for human, animal, or agricultural purposes and to the quantity and quality of the water.
            (3) A written report of the survey shall be prepared and signed by the person or persons who conducted the survey and prepared the written report. The report shall include recommendations of any special conditions or proposed adjustments to the blasting procedures outlined in paragraph (e) of this section which should be incorporated into the blasting plan to prevent damage. Copies of the report shall be provided to the person requesting the survey and to the regulatory authority.
            (c) Public notice of blasting schedule. At least 10 days, but not more than 20 days before beginning a blasting program in which explosives that use more than the equivalent of 5 pounds of TNT are detonated, the permittee shall publish a blasting schedule in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality of the proposed site. Copies of the schedule shall be distributed by mail to local governments and public utilities and to each residence within one-half mile of the blasting sites described in the schedule. The permittee shall republish and redistribute the schedule by mail at least every 3 months. Blasting schedules shall not be so general as to cover all working hours but shall identify as accurately as possible the location of the blasting sites and the time periods when blasting will occur. The blasting schedule shall contain at a minimum—
            (1) Identification of the specific areas in which blasting will take place. The specific blasting areas described shall not be larger than 300 acres with a generally contiguous border;
            (2) Dates and times when explosives are to be detonated expressed in not more than 4-hour increments;
            (3) Methods to be used to control access to the blasting area;
            (4) Types of audible warnings and all-clear signals to be used before and after blasting; and
            (5) A description of possible emergency situations (defined in paragraph (e)(1)(ii) of this section), which have been approved by the regulatory authority, when it may be necessary to blast at times other than those described in the schedule.
            (d) Public notice of changes to blasting schedules. Before blasting in areas not covered by a previous schedule or whenever the proposed frequency of individual detonations are materially changed, the permittee shall prepare a revised blasting schedule in accordance with the procedures in paragraph (c) of this section. If the change involves only a temporary adjustment of the frequency of blasts, the permittee may use alternate methods to notify the governmental bodies and individuals to whom the original schedule was sent.
            (e) Blasting procedures—(1) General. (i) All blasting shall be conducted only during the daytime hours, defined as sunrise until sunset. Based on public requests or other considerations, including the proximity to residential areas, the regulatory authority may specify more restrictive time periods.
            (ii) Blasting may not be conducted at times different from those announced in the blasting schedule except in emergency situations where rain, lightning, other atmospheric conditions, or operator or public safety requires unscheduled detonation.
            (iii) Warning and all-clear signals of different character that are audible within a range of one-half mile from the point of the blast shall be given. All persons within the permit area shall be notified of the meaning of the signals through appropriate instructions and signs posted as required by § 715.12.

            (iv) Access to the blasting area shall be regulated to protect the public and livestock from the effects of blasting. Access to the blasting area shall be controlled to prevent unauthorized entry at least 10 minutes before each blast and until the permittee's authorized representative has determined that no unusual circumstances such as imminent slides or undetonated charges exist and access to and travel in or through the area can safely resume.
            (v) Areas in which charged holes are awaiting firing shall be guarded, barricaded and posted, or flagged against unauthorized entry.
            (vi) Airblast shall be controlled such that it does not exceed 128 decibel linear-peak at any manmade dwelling or structure located within one-half mile of the permit area.
            (vii) Except where lesser distances are approved by the regulatory authority (based upon a preblasting survey or other appropriate investigations) blasting shall not be conducted within—
            (A) 1,000 feet of any building used as a dwelling, school, church, hospital, or nursing facility;
            (B) 500 feet of facilities including, but not limited to, disposal wells, petroleum or gas-storage facilities, municipal water-storage facilities, fluid-transmission pipelines, gas or oil-collection lines, or water and sewage lines; and
            (C) 500 feet of an underground mine not totally abandoned except with the concurrence of the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration.
            (2) Blasting standards. (i) Blasting shall be conducted to prevent injury to persons, damage to public or private property outside the permit area, adverse impacts on any underground mine, and change in the course, channel, or availability of ground or surface waters outside the permit area.
            (ii) Ground vibration—(A) General. In all blasting operations, except as otherwise authorized in paragraph (e)(2)(iii) of this section, the maximum ground vibration shall not exceed a value approved by the regulatory authority. It shall be established in accordance with the maximum peak-particle-velocity limit of paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(B), the scaled-distance equation of paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(C), or the blasting-level chart of paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(D), or such other standard established under paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(E), of this section. All structures in the vicinity of the blasting area, not listed in paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(B), of this section, such as water towers, pipelines and other utilities, tunnels, dams, impoundments, and underground mines, shall be protected from damage by establishment of a maximum allowable limit on the ground vibration, submitted by the operator and approved by the regulatory authority before the initiation of blasting.
            (B) Maximum peak-particle velocity. (1) The maximum ground vibration shall not exceed the following limits at the location of any dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area.

                Distance (D) from blasting site, in feet
                Maximum allowable peak particle velocity (V max) for ground vibration, in inches/second 1

                Scaled-distance factor to be applied without seismic monitoring 2

                0 to 300
                1.25
                50

                301 to 5,000
                1.00
                55

                5,001 and beyond
                0.75
                65

                1 Ground vibration shall be measured as particle velocity. Particle velocity shall be recorded in three mutually perpendicular directions. The maximum allowable peak particle velocity shall apply to each of the three measurements.

                2 Applicable to the scaled-distance equation of paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(C)(1) of this section.

            (2) A seismographic record shall be provided for each blast.
            (C) Scaled-distance equation. (1) The operator may use the scaled-distance equation, W = (D/Ds)2, to determine the allowable charge weight of explosives to be detonated in any 8-millisecond period without seismic monitoring; where W = the maximum weight of explosives, in pounds; D = the distance, in feet, from the blasting site to the nearest protected structure; and Ds = the scaled-distance factor, which may initially be approved by the regulatory authority using the values for scaled-distance factor listed in paragraph (e)(2)(ii)(B)(1), of this section.
            (2) The development of a modified scaled-distance factor may be authorized by the regulatory authority on receipt of a written request by the operator, supported by seismographic records of blasting at the minesite. The modified scaled-distance factor shall be determined such that the particle velocity of the predicted ground vibration will not exceed the prescribed maximum allowable peak particle velocity of paragraph (e)(2)(B)(1) of this section at a 95-percent confidence level.

            (D) Blasting-level chart. (1) An operator may use the ground-vibration limits in Figure 1 to determine the maximum allowable ground vibration.

              EC21OC91.049

            (2) If the Figure 1 limits are used, a seismographic record including both particle-velocity and vibration-frequency levels shall be provided for each blast. The method for the analysis of the predominant frequency contained in the blasting records shall be approved by the regulatory authority before application of this alternative blasting criterion.
            (E) The maximum allowable ground vibration shall be reduced by the regulatory authority beyond the limits otherwise provided by this section, if determined necessary to provide damage protection.
            (F) The regulatory authority may require an operator to conduct seismic monitoring of any or all blasts and may specify the location at which the measurements are taken and the degree of detail necessary in the measurement.

            (iii) If blasting is conducted in accordance with paragraph (e)(2)(i) of this section, the maximum ground-vibration and airblast standards shall not apply at the following locations:

            (A) At structures owned by the permittee and not leased to another person.
            (B) At structures owned by the permittee and leased to another person, if a written waiver by the lessee is submitted to the regulatory authority before blasting.
            (3) Records of blasting operations. A record of each blast, including seismograph reports, shall be retained for at least 3 years and shall be available for inspection by the regulatory authority and the public on request. The record shall contain the following data—
            (i) Name of permittee, operator, or other person conducting the blast;
            (ii) Location, date, and time of blast;
            (iii) Name, signature, and license number of blaster-in-charge;
            (iv) Direction and distance, in feet, to nearest dwelling, school, church, or commercial or institutional building neither owned or leased by the permittee;
            (v) Weather conditions;
            (vi) Type of material blasted;
            (vii) Number of holes, burden, and spacing;
            (viii) Diameter and depth of holes;
            (ix) Types of explosives used;
            (x) Total weight of explosives used;
            (xi) Maximum weight of explosives detonated within any 8 millisecond period;
            (xii) Maximum number of holes detonated within any 8 millisecond period;
            (xiii) Methods of firing and type of circuit;
            (xiv) Type and length of stemming;
            (xv) If mats or other protections were used;
            (xvi) Type of delay detonator used, and delay periods used;
            (xvii) Seismograph records, where required, including—
            (A) Seismograph reading, including exact location of seismograph and its distance from the blast;
            (B) Name of person taking the seismograph reading; and
            (C) Name of person and firm analyzing the seismograph record.
            [42 FR 62680, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2722, Jan. 19, 1978, as amended at 48 FR 9805, Mar. 8, 1983]

            § 715.20
            Revegetation.
            (a) General. (1) The permittee shall establish on all land that has been disturbed, a diverse, effective, and permanent vegetative cover of species native to the area of disturbed land or species that will support the planned postmining uses of the land approved according to § 715.13. For areas designated as prime farmland, the reclamation procedures of § 716.7 shall apply.
            (2) Revegetation shall be carried out in a manner that encourages a prompt vegetative cover and recovery of productivity levels compatible with approved land uses. The vegetative cover shall be capable of stabilizing the soil surface with respect to erosion. All disturbed lands, except water areas and surface areas of roads that are approved as a part of the postmining land use, shall be seeded or planted to achieve a vegetative cover of the same seasonal variety native to the area of disturbed land. If both the pre- and postmining land use is intensive agriculture, planting of the crops normally grown will meet the requirement. Vegetative cover will be considered of the same seasonal variety when it consists of a mixture of species of equal or superior utility for the intended land use when compared with the utility of naturally occurring vegetation during each season of the year.
            (3) On Federal lands, the surface management agency shall be consulted for approval prior to revegetation regarding what species are selected, and following revegetation, to determine when the area is ready to be used.
            (b) Use of introduced species. Introduced species may be substituted for native species only if appropriate field trials have demonstrated that the introduced species are of equal or superior utility for the approved postmining land use, or are necessary to achieve a quick, temporary, and stabilizing cover. Such species substitution shall be approved by the regulatory authority. Introduced species shall meet applicable State and Federal seed or introduced species statutes, and shall not include poisonous or potentially toxic species.
            (c) Timing of revegetation. Seeding and planting of disturbed areas shall be conducted during the first normal period for favorable planting conditions after final preparation. The normal period for favorable planting shall be that planting time generally accepted locally for the type of plant materials selected to meet specific site conditions and climate. Any disturbed areas, except water areas and surface areas or roads that are approved under § 715.13 as part of the postmining land use, which have been graded shall be seeded with a temporary cover of small grains, grasses, or legumes to control erosion until an adequate permanent cover is established. When rills or gullies, that would preclude the successful establishment of vegetation or the achievement of the postmining land use, form in regraded topsoil and overburden materials as specified in § 715.14, additional regrading or other stabilization practices will be required before seeding and planting.
            (d) Mulching. Mulch shall be used on all regraded and topsoiled areas to control erosion, to promote germination of seeds, and to increase the moisture retention of the soil. Mulch shall be anchored to the soil surface where appropriate, to insure effective protection of the soil and vegetation. Mulch means vegetation residues or other suitable materials that aid in soil stabilization and soil moisture conservation, thus providing micro-climatic conditions suitable for germination and growth, and do not interfere with the postmining use of the land. Annual grains such as oats, rye and wheat may be used instead of mulch when it is shown to the satisfaction of the regulatory authority that the substituted grains will provide adequate stability and that they will later be replaced by species approved for the postmining use.
            (e) Methods of revegetation. (1) The permittee shall use technical publications or the results of laboratory and field tests approved by the regulatory authority to determine the varieties, species, seeding rates, and soil amendment practices essential for establishment and self-regeneration of vegetation. The regulatory authority shall approve species selection and planting plans.
            (2) Where hayland, pasture, or range is to be the postmining land use, the species of grasses, legumes, browse, trees, or forbes for seeding or planting and their pattern of distribution shall be selected by the permittee to provide a diverse, effective, and permanent vegetative cover with the seasonal variety, succession, distribution, and regenerative capabilities native to the area. Livestock grazing will not be allowed on reclaimed land until the seedlings are established and can sustain managed grazing. The regulatory authority, in consultation with the permittee and the landowner or in concurrence with the governmental landmanaging agency having jurisdiction over the surface, shall determine when the revegetated area is ready for livestock grazing.
            (3) Where forest is to be the postmining land use, the permittee shall plant trees adapted for local site conditions and climate. Trees shall be planted in combination with an herbaceous cover of grains, grasses, legumes, forbs, or woody plants to provide a diverse, effective, and permanent vegetation cover with the seasonal variety, sucession, and regeneration capabilities native to the area.
            (4) Where wildlife habitat is to be included in the postmining land use, the permittee shall consult with appropriate State and Federal wildlife and land management agencies and shall select those species that will fulfill the needs of wildlife, including food, water, cover, and space. Plant groupings and water resources shall be spaced and distributed to fulfill the requirements of wildlife.
            (f) Standards for measuring success of revegetation. (1) Success of revegetation shall be measured on the basis of reference areas approved by the regulatory authority. Reference areas mean land units of varying size and shape identified and maintained under appropriate management for the purpose of measuring ground cover, productivity and species diversity that are produced naturally. The reference areas must be representative of geology, soils, slope, aspect, and vegetation in the permit area. Management of the reference area shall be comparable to that which will be required for the approved postmining land use of the area to be mined. The regulatory authority shall approve the estimating techniques that will be used to determine the degree of success in the revegetated area.
            (2) The ground cover of living plants on the revegetated area shall be equal to the ground cover of living plants of the approved reference area for a minimum of two growing seasons. The ground cover shall not be considered equal if it is less than 90 percent of the ground cover of the reference area for any significant portion of the mined area. Exceptions may be authorized by the regulatory authority for—
            (i) Previously mined areas that were not reclaimed to the standards required by this chapter prior to the effective date of these regulations. The ground cover of living plants for such areas shall not be less than required to control erosion, and in no case less than that existing before redisturbance.

            (ii) Areas to be developed immediately for industrial or residential use. The ground cover of living plants shall not be less than required to control erosion. As used in this paragraph, immediately means less than 2 years after regrading has been completed for the area to be used; and
            (iii) Areas to be used for agricultural cropland purposes. Success in revegetation of cropland shall be determined on the basis of crop production from the mined area compared to the reference area. Crop production from the mined area shall be equal to that of the approved reference area for a minimum of two growing seasons. Production shall not be considered equal if it is less than 90 percent of the production of the reference area for any significant portion of the mined area.
            (3) Species diversity, distribution, seasonal variety, and vigor shall be evaluated on the basis of the results which could reasonably be expected using the methods of revegetation approved under paragraph (e) of this section.
            (g) Seeding of stockpiled topsoil. Topsoil stockpiled in compliance with § 715.16 must be seeded or planted with an effective cover of nonnoxious, quick growing annual and perennial plants during the first normal period for favorable planting conditions or protected by other approved measures as specified in § 715.16.

            § 715.200
            Interpretative rules related to general performance standards.
            The following interpretations of rules promulgated in part 715 of this chapter have been adopted by the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.
            (a)-(b) [Reserved]
            (c) Interpretation of § 715.16(a)(4)—Topsoil Removal. (1) Results of physical and chemical analyses of topsoil and selected overburden materials to demonstrate that the selected overburden materials or overburden materials/topsoil mixture is more suitable for restoring land capability and productivity than the available topsoil, provided the analyses, trials, or tests are certified by a qualified soil scientist or agronomist, may be obtained from any one or a combination of the following sources:
            (i) U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service published data based on established soil series;
            (ii) U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Technical Guides;
            (iii) State agricultural agency, university, Tennessee Valley Authority, Bureau of Land Management or U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service published data based on soil series properties and behavior; or
            (iv) Results of physical and chemical analyses, field site trials, or greenhouse tests of the topsoil and overburden materials (soil series) from the permit area.
            (2) If the operator demonstrates through soil survey or other data that the topsoil and unconsolidated material are insufficient and substitute materials will be used, only the substitute materials must be analyzed in accordance with 30 CFR 715.16(a)(4)(i).
            (Sec. 501, 502, 504, 508, 515, 516, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 467, 468, 471, 478, 492, 496 (30 U.S.C. 1251, 1252, 1254, 1258, 1265, 1266))
            [45 FR 26000, Apr. 16, 1980 and 45 FR 39447, June 10, 1980, as amended at 45 FR 73946, Nov. 7, 1980]

          Pt. 716
          PART 716—SPECIAL PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

            Sec.
            716.1
            General obligations.
            716.2
            Steep-slope mining.
            716.3
            Mountaintop removal.
            716.4
            Special bituminous coal mines.
            716.5
            Anthracite coal mines.
            716.6
            Coal mines in Alaska.
            716.7
            Prime farmland.
            716.10
            Information collection.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201, 501, 527 and 529, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201).

            Source:
            42 FR 62691, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 716.1
            General obligations.
            (a) This part establishes special initial performance standards that apply in the following special circumstances—
            (1) § 716.2 applies to surface coal mining operations on steep slopes.
            (2) § 716.3 applies to surface coal mining operations involving mountaintop removal.
            (3) § 716.4 applies to special bituminous coal mines.
            (4) § 716.5 applies to anthracite surface coal mining operations.
            (5) § 716.6 applies to surface coal mining operations in Alaska.
            (6) § 716.7 applies to surface coal mining operations on prime farmlands.

            (b) All surface coal mining and reclamation operations subject to this part shall comply with the applicable special performance standards in this part. Such operations shall also comply with all general performance standards in part 715 of this chapter unless specifically exempted in this part from the requirements of part 715.

            § 716.2
            Steep-slope mining.
            The permittee conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on natural slopes that exceed 20 degrees, or on lesser slopes that require measures to protect the area from disturbance, as determined by the regulatory authority after consideration of soils, climate, the method of operation, geology, and other regional characteristics, shall meet the following performance standards. The standards of this section do not apply where mining is done on a flat or gently rolling terrain with an occasional steep slope through which the mining proceeds and leaves a plain or predominantly flat area; or where the mining is governed by § 716.3.
            (a) Spoil, waste materials or debris, including that from clearing and grubbing, and abandoned or disabled equipment, shall not be placed or allowed to remain on the downslope.
            (b) The highwall shall be completely covered with spoil and the disturbed are a graded to comply with the provisions of § 715.14 of this chapter. Land above the highwall shall not be disturbed unless the regulatory authority finds that the disturbance will facilitate compliance with the requirements of this section.
            (c) Material in excess of that required to meet the provisions of § 715.14 of this chapter shall be disposed of in accordance with the requirements of § 715.15 of this chapter.
            (d) Woody materials may be buried in the backfilled area only when burial does not cause, or add to, instability of the backfill. Woody materials may be chipped and distributed through the backfill when approved by the regulatory authority.
            (e) Variances from approximate original contour restoration requirements. (1) This section applies to surface coal mining operations on steep slopes where the operation is not to be reclaimed to achieve the approximate original contour and is not a mountaintop removal operation.
            (2) The objective of this subsection is to allow for a variance from the approximate original contour restoration requirements on steep slopes to—
            (i) Improve watershed control of the area; and
            (ii) Allow the land to be used for an industrial, commercial, residential, or public use, including recreational facilities.
            (3) The regulatory authority may grant a variance from the requirement for restoration of the affected lands to their approximate original contour only if it first finds, in writing, on the basis of a showing made by the permittee, that all of the following requirements are met:

            (i) The permittee has demonstrated that the purpose of the variance is to make the lands to be affected within the permit area suitable for an industrial, commercial, residential, or public use postmining land use and that the proposed industrial, commercial, residential, or public use is likely to occur.
            (ii) The proposed use, after consultation with the appropriate land-use planning agencies, if any, constitutes an equal or better economic or public use.
            (iii) The permittee has demonstrated that compliance with the requirements for acceptable alternative postmining industrial, commercial, residential or public land uses of 30 CFR 715.13 has been achieved except for the requirement at § 715.13(d)(3) and (4) to provide letters of commitment. The permittee must demonstrate to the regulatory authority that necessary public facilities are likely to be provided and that the plan is financially feasible.
            (iv) The permittee has demonstrated that the watershed of the area will be improved as compared to the condition of the watershed before mining. The watershed will be deemed improved only if—
            (A) There will be a reduction in the amount of total suspended solids or other pollutants discharged to ground or surface waters from the area as compared to such discharges; or, there will be reduced flood hazards or more even flow within the watershed containing the area due to reduction of the peak flow discharges from precipitation events or thaws; or any other criterion authority in the granting of the variance. While improving one or more variables, the permittee must also at least maintain the variables not improved at their premining levels;
            (B) The total volume of flows from the proposed affected lands, during every season of the year, will not vary in a way that adversely affects the ecology of any surface water or any existing or planned use of surface or ground water; and
            (C) The appropriate State environmental agency approves the plan.
            (v) The permittee has demonstrated that the owner of the surface of the lands within the permit area has knowingly requested, in writing, as a part of the application, that a variance be granted. The request shall be made separately from any surface owner consent given for the operation and shall show an understanding that the variance could not be granted without the surface owner's request.
            (vi) The proposal is designed and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer in conformance with professional standards established to assure the stability, drainage, and configuration necessary for the intended use of the site.
            (vii) All other requirements of the Act and these regulations will be met by the proposed operations.
            (4) Every permittee who obtains a variance under this subsection shall:
            (i) Backfill completely the highwall with spoil material, in a manner which results in a static factor of safety of at least 1.3 using general geotechnical analysis.
            (ii) Improve the watershed control of the area by reducing the peak flow from precipitation or thaw or reducing the total suspended solids or other pollutants in the surface water discharge during precipitation or thaw or by attaining the criteria approved by the regulatory authority in the granting of the variance. While improving one or more variables, the permittee must also at least maintain the variables not improved at their premining levels. The total volume of flow during every season of the year shall not vary in a way that adversely affects the ecology of any surface or ground water.
            (iii) Disturb land above the highwall only to the extent that the regulatory authority deems appropriate and approves as necessary to facilitate compliance with the provisions of this section. The regulatory authority may authorize such a disturbance above the highwall if it finds the disturbance is necessary to—
            (A) Blend the solid highwall and the backfilled material; or
            (B) Control surface runoff; or
            (C) Provide access to the area above the highwall.

            (iv) Place off the mine bench no more than the amount of spoil necessary to achieve the postmining land use, ensure the stability of spoil retained on the bench, and meet all other requirements of the Act and parts 710 through 725 of this chapter. All spoil not retained on the bench shall be placed in accordance with the Act and these regulations.
            (5) The regulatory authority shall review every variance granted pursuant to this subsection not more than three years from the date of issuance of the permit to ensure that the proposed alternative postmining use is proceeding in accordance with the terms of the approved plan, unless the permittee affirmatively so demonstrates.
            [42 FR 62691, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 45 FR 83168, Dec. 17, 1980]

            § 716.3
            Mountaintop removal.
            (a) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations that remove entire coal seams running through the upper fraction of a mountain, ridge, or hill by removing all of the overburden and creating a level plateau or gently rolling contour with no highwalls remaining are exempt from the requirements of § 715.14 of this chapter for achieving approximate original contour, if the following requirements are met:
            (1) An industrial, commercial, agricultural, residential, or public facility (including recreational facilities) use is proposed for the affected land.
            (2) The alternative land use criteria in § 715.13(d) of this chapter are met and the proposal is approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) All other applicable requirements of part 715 of this chapter can be met.
            (b) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations conducted under this section shall comply with the following standards:
            (1) An outcrop barrier of sufficient width consisting of the toe of the lowest coal seam, and its associated overburden shall be retained to prevent slides and erosion.

            (2) The final graded top plateau slopes on the mined area shall be less than 1v:5h so as to create a level plateau or gently rolling configuration and the outslopes of the plateau shall not exceed 1v:2h, except where engineering data substantiates and the regulatory authority finds that a minimum static safety factor of 1.5 will be attained.
            (3) The resulting level or gently rolling contour shall be graded to drain inward from the outslope except at specific points where it drains over the outslope in protected stable channels.
            (4) Damage to natural watercourses below the area to be mined shall be prevented.
            (5) Spoil shall be placed on the mountaintop bench as is necessary to achieve the postmining land use approved under § 715.13 of this chapter. All excess spoil material not retained on the mountaintop shall be placed in accordance with the standards of § 715.15 of this chapter.
            (c)(1) All permits giving approval for mountaintop removal shall be reviewed not more than 3 years from the date of issuance of the permit, unless the permittee affirmatively demonstrates and the regulatory authority finds that all operations are proceeding in accordance with the terms of the permit and applicable requirements of the Act and the regulations of this part. The terms of the permit shall be in accordance with the requirements of the Act and the regulations of this part.
            (2) The terms of a permit for mountaintop removal may be modified by the regulatory authority if it determines that more stringent measures are necessary to prevent or control slides and erosion, prevent damage to natural water courses, avoid water pollution, or to assure successful revegetation.

            § 716.4
            Special bituminous coal mines.
            (a) Definition. Special bituminous coal surface mines as used in this section means those bituminous coal surface mines that are located in the State of Wyoming and that are being mined or will be mined according to the following criteria:

            (1) Excavation of the mine pit takes place on a relatively limited site for an extended period of time. For the purposes of this section, mine pit means an open-pit mine in which the surface opening is at least the full size of the excavation and has a contiguous border. The pit generally is quite deep and is formed by the removal of relatively large amounts of overburden to obtain lesser amounts of coal. The term as used in this section applies only to mining operations that extract coal from seams dipping 15 degrees or more from the horizontal.
            (2) Excavation of the mine pit follows a coal seam that inclines 15 degrees or more from the horizontal, and as the excavation proceeds downward it expands laterally to maintain stability of the pitwall or as necessary to accommodate the orderly expansion of the total mining operations.
            (3)(i) Surface coal mining operations in the mine pit have taken place since January 1, 1972, and
            (A) Operations in the mine pit are removing more than one coal seam, and
            (B) Mining has begun on the deepest coal seam scheduled to be mined; or
            (ii) Surface coal mining operations which may be developed after August 3, 1977, and are conducted on lands immediately adjacent to operations meeting the criteria of paragraph (a)(3)(i) of this section.
            (4) The amount of material removed from the pit is large in proportion to the surface area disturbed.
            (5) There is no practicable alternative to the deep open-pit method of mining the coal.
            (6) There is no practicable way to entirely reclaim the land as required by part 715 of this chapter.
            (b) Requirements for special bituminous coal mines operating prior to July 1, 1973. Those portions of a special bituminous coal mine approved for operation prior to July 1, 1973, including the orderly expansion of such a mine pit to the extent authorized by State law, shall at a minimum meet the general performance standards of part 715 of this chapter for all operations conducted on the permit area outside the mine pit and for those operations associated with spoil storage areas. The standards of part 715 also apply to the mine pit with the exception of § 715.14, which relates to backfilling and grading. Special requirements for backfilling and grading the mine pit area are as follows:
            (1) In the final mine area, highwalls will be allowed to remain and benches will be allowed. Details of the benches shall be included in the mine plans submitted to the regulatory authority for approval.
            (2) The exposed pit floors will be sloped and graded to provide access to the area, and topsoil shall be applied and the floor area seeded according to the requirements of §§ 715.16 and 715.20. Where water impoundments are included as part of the mine plan, riprap may be used if necessary to prevent erosion.
            (3) Spoil piles will be graded and contoured with no more than overall slope of 17 degrees allowed, and terraces may be used to break the slope when it can be shown that terraces will accomplish the required reclamation. For the postmining land use, steeper slopes may be permitted upon approval of the regulatory authority, provided it can be demonstrated that such method will provide the required results.
            (c) Requirements for other special bituminous coal mines. Those portions of a special bituminous coal mine which do not meet the criteria of paragraph (b) of this section shall, at minimum meet the general performance standards of part 715 of this chapter for all operations conducted on the permit area outside the mine pit and for these operations associated with spoil storage areas. The standards of part 715 also apply to the mine pit with the exception of § 715.14, which relates to backfilling and grading. Special requirements for backfilling and grading the mine pit area are as follows:
            (1) Slope specifications. Slope specifications for the postmining land use shall be based on an average of the natural slopes measured in the immediate area of the mine site, and the maximum inclination of the slopes in the reclaimed area shall not be greater than this average slope. However, slopes steeper than the average of the natural slopes may be approved by the regulatory authority if it can be demonstrated that returning the minded area to a slope equal to or less than the average natural slope would greatly increase the amount of disturbed land. Measurements of individual slopes, locations at which measurements are made, and the average natural slope as determined from the individual slope measurements shall be submitted for approval to the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority may make an independent slope survey to verify the average natural slope.
            (2) Postmining land uses that do not include permanent water impoundments. (i) The final mine area shall be backfilled, graded, and contoured to the extent necessary to return the land to the use approved by the regulatory authority.
            (ii) All backfilling, grading, and contouring shall be done in a manner to preserve the original drainage system or to provide substitute drainage systems approved by the regulatory authority.
            (iii) Terraces or benches may be used only if it can be demonstrated that contouring methods will not provide the required results. Detailed plans of dimensions and design of the terraces or benches, check dams, erosion prevention techniques, and slopes of the terraces or benches and their intervals shall be submitted to the regulatory authority for approval before construction.
            (iv) Depressions that will accumulate water shall not be allowed unless they are approved under paragraph (3).
            (3) Postmining land uses that include permanent water impoundments. (i) The exposed mine pit area shall be sloped, graded, and contoured to blend with the topography of the surrounding terrain and to provide for access to the area. Where necessary to prevent erosion, riprap shall be used.
            (ii) Under certain conditions where it can be demonstrated by the permittee that the pitwall can be stabilized by terracing or other techniques it may be permissible to leave one-half the proposed shoreline, as measured along the circumference, composed of the stabilized pitwall. The remaining part of the shoreline shall be graded and contoured to blend with the topography of the surrounding terrain and to provide access to the area. Detailed explanations of the techniques to be used to stabilize the pitwalls shall be submitted for approval to the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority may verify the effectiveness of the proposed stabilization techniques from a study made by an independent engineering company and based on this information and an onsite inspection, the regulatory authority will then determine the acceptability of the proposed stabilization techniques.
            (d) In the event of an amendment or revision to the State of Wyoming's regulatory program, regulations, or decisions made thereunder governing special bituminous coal mines, the Secretary shall issue such additional regulations as necessary to meet the purposes of the Act.

            § 716.5
            Anthracite coal mines.
            (a) Permittees of anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in those States where the mines are regulated by State environmental protection standards shall be subject to the environmental protection standards of the State regulatory program in existence on August 3, 1977, instead of part 715 and part 717 of this chapter.
            (b) The environmental protection provisions of Title 25, Rules and Regulations, part 1, Department of Environmental Resources, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, shall apply to reclamation of anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania instead of part 715 and part 717 of this chapter. In addition, the regulations of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania pertaining to standards for air and water quality shall apply instead of the regulations of part 715 and part 717 of this chapter.
            (c) If a State's regulatory program or regulations for anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in force at the time of this Act are amended, the Secretary, upon receipt of a notice of amendment, shall issue additional regulations as necessary to meet the purposes of this Act.
            [45 FR 61259, Sept. 15, 1980]

            § 716.6
            Coal mines in Alaska.
            (a) Permittees of surface coal mining operations in Alaska from which coal has been mined on or after August 3, 1977, shall conduct operations in a manner that, at a minimum, meets the performance standards of this chapter.
            (b) The Secretary, after consultation with the Governor of Alaska, may modify the applicability of any environmental protection standard to any surface coal mining operation if he determines that it is necessary to ensure the continued operation of the mine.

            (c) Any person may petition the Secretary to modify the applicability of a performance standard to a coal mine in Alaska. No particular form of petition is required. However, the petition shall be in writing and shall identify clearly—
            (1) The performance standard involved;
            (2) The alternative methods to be used to protect the environment and public health and safety;
            (3) The reasons why a modification is requested with full descriptions of the impacts continued requirements for compliance with the performance standard to be modified would have on mining and reclamation and of the impacts the proposed method would have on the environment and public health and safety; and
            (4) The location of the mine.

            (d) If the Secretary determines that the petition presents reasonable justification for modifying the performance standard, he may grant a temporary suspension of enforcement of the performance standard, and he shall publish a notice of intention to modify the applicability of the performance standard in the Federal Register and in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of Alaska where the affected coal mine is located. A public hearing shall be held in Alaska and any person may testify for or against the proposed modification. The Secretary, after considering the public comments, and consulting with the Governor of Alaska, shall publish his decision in the Federal Register and in the same newspaper in which the original notice was published.

            § 716.7
            Prime farmland.
            (a) Applicability. (1) Permittees of surface coal mining and reclamation operations conducted on prime farmland shall comply with the general performance standards of part 715 of this chapter in addition to the special requirements of this section.
            (2) Except as otherwise provided in this paragraph, the requirements of the section are applicable to any lands covered by a permit application filed on or after August 3, 1977. This section does not apply to:
            (i) Lands on which surface coal mining and reclamation operations are conducted pursuant to any permit issued prior to August 3, 1977; or
            (ii) Lands on which surface coal mining and reclamation operations are conducted pursuant to any renewal or revision of a permit issued prior to August 3, 1977; or
            (iii) Lands included in any existing surface coal mining operations for which a permit was issued for all or any part thereof prior to August 3, 1977, provided that:
            (A) Such lands are part of a single continuous surface coal mining operation begun under a permit issued before August 3, 1977; and
            (B) The permittee had a legal right to mine the lands prior to August 3, 1977, through ownership, contract, or lease but not including an option to buy, lease, or contract; and
            (C) The lands contain part of a continuous recoverable coal seam that was being mined in a single continuous mining pit (or multiple pits if the lands are proven to be part of a single continuous surface coal mining operation) begun under a permit issued prior to August 3, 1977.
            (3) For purposes of this section:
            (i) “Renewal” of a permit shall mean a decision by the regulatory authority to extend the time by which the permittee may complete mining within the boundaries of the original permit, and “revision” of the permit shall mean a decision by the regulatory authority to allow changes in the method of mining operations within the original permit area, or the decision of the regulatory authority to allow incidental boundary changes to the original permit;
            (ii) A pit shall be deemed to be a single continuous mining pit even if portions of the pit are crossed by a road, pipeline, railroad, or powerline or similar crossing;

            (iii) A single continuous surface coal mining operation is presumed to consist only of a single continuous mining pit under a permit issued prior to August 3, 1977, but may include non-contiguous parcels if the operator can prove by clear and convincing evidence that, prior to August 3, 1977, the contiguous parcels were part of a single permitted operation. For the purposes of this paragraph, clear and convincing evidence includes, but is not limited to, contracts, leases, deeds or other properly executed legal documents (not including options) that specifically treat physically separate parcels as one surface coal mining operation.
            (b) Definitions. For purposes of this section, the following definitions are applicable.
            (1) Prime farmland means those lands which are defined by the Secretary of Agriculture in 7 CFR 657 and which have been historically used for cropland.
            (2) Historically used for cropland means (i) lands that have been used for cropland for any 5 years or more out of the 10 years immediately preceding the acquisition, including purchase, lease, or option, of the land for the purpose of conducting or allowing through resale, lease, or option the conduct of surface coal mining and reclamation operations; (ii) lands that the regulatory authority determines, on the basis of additional cropland history of the surrounding lands and the lands under consideration, that the permit area is clearly cropland but falls outside the specific 5-years-in-10 criterion, or (iii) lands that would likely have been used as cropland for any 5 out of the last 10 years immediately preceding such acquistion but for some fact of ownership or control of the land unrelated to the productivity of the land, in which case the regulations for prime farmland may be applied to include more years of cropland history only to increase the prime farmland acreage to be protected.
            (3) Cropland means land used for the production of adapted crops for harvest, alone or in a rotation with grasses and legumes, and includes row crops, small grain crops, hay crops, nursery crops, orchard crops, and other similar speciality crops.
            (4) The soils either have no water table or have a water table that is maintained at a sufficient depth during the cropping season to allow food, feed, fiber, forage, and oilseed crops common to the area to be grown.
            (5) The soils can be managed so that in all horizons within a depth of 40 inches or in the root zone if the root zone is less than 40 inches deep, during part of each year the conductivity of saturation extract is less than 4 mmhos/cm and the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) is less than 15.
            (6) The soils are not flooded frequently during the growing season (less often than once in 2 years).
            (7) The soils have a product of K (erodibility factor) × percent slope of less than 2.0 and a product of I (soil erodibility) × C (climatic factor) not exceeding 60.
            (8) The soils have a permeability rate of at least 0.06 inch per hour in the upper 20 inches and the mean annual soil temperature at a depth of 20 inches is less than 59 degrees F.; the permeability rate is not a limiting factor if the mean annual soil temperature is 59 degress F. or higher.
            (9) Less than 10 percent of the surface layer (upper 6 inches) in these soils consists of rock fragments coarser than 3 inches.
            (c) Indentification of prime farmland. Prime farmland shall be identified on the basis of soil surveys submitted by the applicant. The regulatory authority also may require data on irrigation, drainage, flood control, and subsurface water managament. The requirement for submission of soil surveys may be waived by the regulatory authority, if the applicant can demonstrate according to the procedures in paragraph (d) of this section that no prime farmlands are involved. Soil surveys shall be conducted according to standards of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, which include the procedures set forth in U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbooks 436 (Soil Taxonomy) and 18 (Soil Survey Manual), and shall include—
            (1) Data on moisture availability, temperature regime, flooding, water table, erosion characteristics, permeability, or other information that is needed to determine prime farmland in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section;
            (2) A map designating the exact location and extent of the prime farmland; and
            (3) A description of each soil mapping unit.
            (d) Negative determination of prime farmland. The land shall not be considered as prime farmland where the applicant can demonstrate one or more of the following situations—

            (1) Lands within the proposed permit boundaries have not been historically used for cropland.
            (2) The slope of all land within the permit area is 10 percent or greater.
            (3) Land within the permit area is not irrigated or naturally subirrigated, has no developed water supply that is dependable and of adequate quality, and the average annual precipitation is 14 inches or less.
            (4) Other factors exist, such as a very rocky surface, or the land is frequently flooded, which clearly place all land within the area outside the purview of prime farmland.
            (5) A written notification based on scientific findings and soil surveys that land within the proposed mining area does not meet the applicability requirements in paragraph (a) of this section is submitted to the regulatory authority by a qualified person other than the applicant, and is approved by the regulatory authority.
            (e) Plan for restoration of prime farmland. The applicant shall submit to the regulatory authority a plan for the mining and restoration of any prime farmland within the proposed permit boundaries. This plan shall be used by the regulatory authority in judging the technological capability of the applicant to restore prime farmlands. The plan shall include—
            (1) A description of the original undisturbed soil profile, as determined from a soil survey, showing the depth and thickness of each of the soil horizons that collectively constitute the root zone of the locally adapted crops and are to be removed, stored, and replaced;
            (2) The proposed method and type of equipment to be used for removal, storage, and replacement of the soil in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section;
            (3) The location of areas to be used for the separate stockpiling of the soil and plans for soil stabilization before redistribution;
            (4) If applicable, documentation such as agricultural school studies or other scientific data from comparable areas that supports the use of other suitable material, instead of the A, B or C soil horizon to obtain on the restored area equivalent or higher levels of yield as non-mined prime farmlands in the surrounding area under equivalent levels of management; and
            (5) Plans for seeding or cropping the final graded mine land and the conservation practices to control erosion and sedimentation during the first 12 months after regrading is completed. Proper adjustments for seasons must be made so that final graded land is not exposed to erosion during seasons when vegetation or conservation practices cannot be established due to weather conditions; and
            (6) Available agricultural school studies, company data, or other scientific data for comparable areas that demonstrate that the applicant using his proposed method of reclamation will achieve, within a reasonable time equivalent or higher levels of yield after mining as existed before mining.
            (f) Consultation with Secretary of Agriculture and issuance of permit. (1) The regulatory authority may grant a permit which shall incorporate the plan submitted under paragraph (e) of this section, if it finds in writing that the applicant—
            (i) Has the technological capability to restore the prime farmland within the proposed permit area, within a reasonable time, to equivalent or higher levels of yield as nonmined prime farmland in the surrounding area under equivalent levels of management; and
            (ii) Will achieve compliance with the standards of paragraph (g) of this section.
            (2) Before any permit is issued for areas that include prime farmlands, the regulatory authority shall consult with the Secretary of Agriculture. The Secretary of Agriculture will provide a review of the proposed method of soil reconstruction and comment on possible revisions that will result in a more complete and adequate restoration. The Secretary of Agriculture has assigned his responsibilities under this paragraph to the Administrator of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service and the U.S. Soil Conservation Service will carry out the consultation and review through their State Conservationist, located in each State.
            (g) Special requirements. For all prime farmlands to be mined and reclaimed, the applicant shall meet the following special requirements:
            (1) All soil horizons to be used in the reconstruction of the soil shall be removed before drilling, blasting, or mining ro prevent contaminating the soil horizons with undesirable materials. Where removal of soil horizons result in erosion that may cause air and water pollution, the regulatory authority shall specify methods of treatment to control erosion of exposed overburden. The permittee shall—
            (i) Remove separately the entire A horizon or other suitable soil materials which will create a final soil having an equal or greater productive capacity than that which existed prior to mining in a manner that prevents mixing or contamination with other material before replacement;
            (ii) Remove separately the B horizon of the natural soil or a combination of B horizon and underlying C horizon or other suitable soil material that will create a reconstructed root zone of equal or greater productivity capacity than that which existed prior to mining in a manner that prevents mixing or contamination with other material; and
            (iii) Remove separately the underlying C horizons or other strata, or a combination of such horizons or other strata, to be used instead of the B horizon that are of equal or greater thickness and that can be shown to be equal or more favorable for plant growth than the B horizon, and that when replaced will create in the reconstructed soil a final root zone of comparable depth and quality to that which existed in the natural soil.
            (2) If stockpiling of soil horizons is allowed by the regulatory authority in lieu of immediate replacement, the A horizon and B horizon must be stored separately from each other. The stockpiles must be placed within the permit area and where they will not be disturbed or exposed to excessive erosion by water or wind before the stockpiled horizons can be redistributed on terrain graded to final contour. Stockpiles in place for more than 30 days must meet the requirements of § 715.16(c).
            (3) Scarify the final graded land before the soil horizons are replaced.
            (4) Replace the material from the B horizon, or other suitable material specified in paragraph (g)(1)(ii) or (g)(1)(iii) of this section in such a manner as to avoid excessive compaction of overburden and to a thickness comparable to the root zone that existed in the soil before mining.
            (5) Replace the A horizon or other suitable soil materials, which will create a final soil having an equal or greater productive capacity than existed prior to mining, as the final surface soil layer to the thickness of the original soil as determined in paragraph (g)(1)(i) of this section in a manner that—
            (i) Prevents excess compaction of both the surface layer and underlying material and reduction of permeability to less than 0.06 inch per hour in the upper 20 inches of the reconstructed soil profile; and
            (ii) Protects the surface layer from wind and water erosion before it is seeded or planted.
            (6) Apply nutrients and soil amendments as needed to establish quick vegetative growth.
            [42 FR 62691, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2722, Jan. 19, 1978, as amended at 46 FR 47529, Sept. 28, 1981; 46 FR 47721, Sept. 29, 1981]

            § 716.10
            Information collection.
            The Office of Management and Budget has determined that the information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR part 716 do not require approval under the Paperwork Reduction Act.
            [59 FR 43420, Aug. 23, 1994]

          Pt. 717
          PART 717—UNDERGROUND MINING GENERAL PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

            Sec.
            717.10
            Information collection.
            717.11
            General obligations.
            717.12
            Signs and markers.
            717.13
            [Reserved]
            717.14
            Backfilling and grading of road cuts, mine entry area cuts, and other surface work areas.
            717.15
            Disposal of excess rock and earth materials on surface areas.
            717.16
            [Reserved]
            717.17
            Protection of the hydrologic system.
            717.18
            Dams constructed of or impounding waste material.
            717.19
            [Reserved]

            717.20
            Topsoil handling and revegetation.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201 and 501, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201).

            Source:
            42 FR 62695, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 717.10
            Information collection.
            The Office of Management and Budget has determined that the information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR part 717 do not require approval under the Paperwork Reduction Act.
            [59 FR 43420, Aug. 23, 1994]

            § 717.11
            General obligations.
            (a) Compliance. All underground coal mining and associated reclamation operations conducted on lands where any element of the operations is regulated by a State shall comply with the initial performance standards of this part according to the time schedule specified in § 710.11.
            (1) For the purposes of this part, underground coal mining and associated reclamation operations mean a combination of surface operations and underground operations. Surface operations include construction, use, and reclamation of new and existing access and haul roads, aboveground repair areas, storage areas, processing areas, shipping areas, and areas upon which are sited support facilities including hoist and ventilating ducts, and on which materials incident to underground mining operations are placed. Underground operations include underground construction, operation, and reclamation of shafts, adits, underground support facilities, underground mining, hauling, storage, and blasting.
            (2) For the purpose of this part the term permittee means the person permitted to conduct underground mining operations by a State or if no permit is issued in the State, the person operating a mine.
            (3) For the purpose of this part, Disturbed areas means surface work areas and lands affected by surface operations including, but not limited to, roads, mine entry excavations, above ground (surface) work areas, such as tipples, coal processing facilities and other operating facilities, waste work and spoil disposal areas, and mine waste impoundments or embankments.
            (4) Where State environmental protection standards are adopted for a specific State because they are more stringent than the standards of this part, they will be published in part 718 of this chapter.
            (b) Authorizations to operate. A copy of all current permits, licenses, approved plans or other authorizations to operate the mine shall be available for inspection at or near the mine site.

            § 717.12
            Signs and markers.
            (a) Specifications. All signs required to be posted shall be of a standard design that can be seen and read easily and shall be made of durable material, and shall conform to local ordinances and codes. The signs and other markers shall be maintained during all operations to which they pertain.
            (b) Mine and permit identification signs. Signs identifying the mine area shall be displayed at all points of access to the permit area from public highways. Signs shall show the name, business address, and telephone number of the permittee and identification numbers of current mining and reclamation permits or other authorizations to operate. Such signs shall not be removed until after release of all bonds.

            § 717.13
            [Reserved]

            § 717.14
            Backfilling and grading of road cuts, mine entry area cuts, and other surface work areas.

            (a) Upon completion of underground mining, surface work areas which are involved in excavation, disposal of materials, or otherwise affected, shall be regraded to approximate original contour. The permittee shall transport, backfill and compact fill material to assure stability or to prevent leaching of toxic pollutants. Barren rock or similar materials excess to the mining operations and which are disposed on the land surface shall be subject to the provision of § 717.15 of this part. Roads and support facility areas existing prior to the effective date of this part and used in support of underground mining operations which are subject to this part shall be regraded to the extent deemed feasible by the regulatory authority based on the availability of backfill material and resulting stability of the affected lands after reclamation. As a minimum, the permittee shall be required to:
            (1) Retain all earth, rock and other mineral nonwaste materials on the solid portion of existing or new benches, except that the regulatory authority may permit placement of such material at the site of the faceup as a means of disposing of excavated spoil when additional working space is needed to facilitate operations. Such placement of material shall be limited to minimize disturbance of land and to the hydrologic balance. Such fills shall be stabilized with vegetation and shall achieve a minimum static safety factor of 1.5. In no case shall the outslope exceed the angle of repose.
            (2) Backfill and grade to the most moderate slope possible to eliminate any highwall along roads, mine entry faces or other areas. Slopes shall not exceed the angle of repose or such lesser slopes as required by the regulatory authority to maintain stability.
            (b) On approval by the regulatory authority and in order to conserve soil moisture, ensure stability, and control erosion on final graded slopes, cut-and-fill terraces may be allowed if the terraces are appropriate substitutes for construction of lower grades on the reclaimed lands. The terraces shall meet the following requirements:
            (1) The width of the individual terrace bench shall not exceed 20 feet unless specifically approved by the regulatory authority as necessary for stability erosion control, or roads.
            (2) The vertical distance between terraces shall be as specified by the regulatory authority to prevent excessive erosion and to provide long/term stability.

            (3) The slope of the terrace outslope shall not exceed 1v:2h (50 percent). Outslopes which exceed 1v:2h (50 percent) may be approved if they have a minimum static safety factor of 1.5 of more and provide adequate control over erosion and closely resemble the surface configuration of the land prior to mining. In no case may highwalls be left as part of terraces.
            (4) Culverts and underground rock drains shall be used on the terrace only when approved by the regulatory authority.

            (c) All surface operations on steep slopes of 20 degrees or more or on such lesser slopes as the regulatory authority define as a steep slope shall be conducted so as not to place any material on the downslope below road cuts, mine working or other benches, other than in conformance with paragraph (a)(1) of this part.
            (d) Regrading or stabilizing rills and gullies. When rills or gullies deeper than 9 inches form in areas that have been regraded and the topsoil replaced but vegetation has not yet been established, the permittee shall fill, grade, or otherwise stabilize the rills and gullies and reseed or replant the areas according to § 717.20. The regulatory authority shall specify that erosional features of lesser size be stabilized if they result in additional erosion and sedimentation.
            (e) Covering coal and acid-forming, toxic-forming, combustible, and other waste materials; stabilizing backfilled materials; and using waste material for fill. Any acid-forming, toxic-forming, combustible materials, or any other waste materials as identified by the regulatory authority that are exposed, used, or produced during underground mining and which are deposited on the land surface shall, after placement in accordance with § 717.15 of this part, be covered with a minimum of 4 feet of nontoxic and noncombustible material; or, if necessary, treated to neutralize toxicity, in order to prevent water pollution and sustained combustion, and to minimize adverse effects on plant growth and land uses. Where necessary to protect against upward migration of salts, exposure by erosion, to provide an adequate depth for plant growth, or to otherwise meet local conditions, the regulatory authority shall specify thicker amount of cover using nontoxic material. Acid-forming or toxic-forming material shall not be buried or stored in proximity to a drainage course so as to cause or pose a threat of water pollution or otherwise violate the provisions of § 717.17 of this part.
            (f) Grading along the contour. All final grading, preparation of earth, rock and other nonwaste materials before replacement of topsoil, and placement of topsoil in accordance with § 717.20, shall be done along the contour to minimize subsequent erosion and instability. If such grading, preparation or placement along the contour would be hazardous to equipment operators, grading, preparation or placement in a direction other than generally parallel to the contour may be used. In all cases, grading, preparation or placement shall be conducted in a manner which minimizes erosion and provides a surface for replacement of topsoil which will minimize slippage.

            § 717.15
            Disposal of excess rock and earth materials on surface areas.
            Excess rock and earth materials produced from an underground mine and not disposed in underground workings or used in backfilling and grading operations shall be placed in surface disposal areas in accordance with requirements of § 715.15. Where the volume of such material is small and its chemical and physical characteristics do not pose a threat to either public safety or the environment, the regulatory authority may modify the requirements of § 715.15 in accordance with § 717.14(a)(1).

            § 717.16
            [Reserved]

            § 717.17
            Protection of the hydrologic system.
            The permittee shall plan and conduct underground coal mining and reclamation operations to minimize disturbance of the prevailing hydrologic balance in order to prevent long-term adverse changes in the hydrologic balance that could result from underground coal mining operations, both on and off site. changes in water quality and quantity, in the depth to ground water, and in the location of surface water drainage channels shall be minimized and applicable Federal and State statutes and regulations shall not be violated. The permittee shall conduct operations so as to minimize water pollution and shall, where necessary, use treatment methods to control water pollution. The permittee shall emphasize underground coal mining and reclamation practices that will prevent or minimize water pollution and changes in flows in preference to the use of water treatment facilities prior to discharge to surface waters. Practices to control and minimize pollution include, but are not limited to, diverting water from underground workings or preventing water contact with acid- or toxic-forming materials, and minimizing water contact time with waste materials, maintaining mine barriers to enhance postmining inundation and sealing, establishing disturbed areas through grading, diverting runoff, achieving quick growing stands of temporary vegetation, and lining drainage channels. If treatment is required to eliminate pollution of surface or ground waters, the permittee shall operate and maintain the necessary water treatment facilities as set forth in this section.
            (a) Water quality standards and effluent limitations. (1) All surface drainage from the disturbed area, including disturbed areas that have been graded, seeded or planted and which remain subject to the requirements of this section, except for drainage from disturbed areas that have met the requirements of § 717.20 shall be passed through a sedimentation pond or a series of sedimentation ponds prior to leaving the permit area. All waters which flow or are removed from underground operations or underground waters which are removed from other areas to facilitate mining and which discharge to surface waters must be passed through appropriate treatment facilities prior to discharge where necessary to meet effluent limitations.
            (2) For purposes of this section only, disturbed areas shall include areas of surface operations but shall not include those areas in which only diversion ditches, sedimentation ponds, or roads are installed in accordance with this section and the upstream area is not otherwise disturbed by the permittee. Disturbed areas shall not include those surface areas overlying the underground working unless those areas are also disturbed by surface operations such as fill (disposal) areas, support facilities areas, or other major activities which create a risk of pollution.

            (3) The regulatory authority may grant exemptions from this requirement only when the disturbed drainage area within the total disturbed area is small and if the permittee shows that sedimentation ponds are not necessary to meet effluent limitations of this paragraph and to maintain water quality in downstream receiving waters. Sedimentation ponds required by this paragraph shall be constructed in accordance with paragraph (e) of this section in appropriate locations prior to any mining in the affected drainage area in order to control sedimentation or otherwise treat water in accordance with this paragraph. Discharges from areas disturbed by underground operation and by surface operation and reclamation activities conducted thereon, must meet all applicable Federal and State regulations and, at a minimum, the following numerical effluent limitations:

              Effluent Limitations, in Milligrams Per Liter, mg/l Except for pH

                Effluent characteristics
                Maximum allowable 1

                Average of daily values for 30 consecutive discharge days 1

                Iron, total
                7.0
                3.5

                Manganese, total
                4.0
                2.0

                Total suspended solids 2

                70.0
                35.0

                pH 3

                (4)
                (4)

                1 Based on representative sampling.

                2 In Arizona, Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming, total suspended solids limitations will be determined on a case-by-case basis, but they must not be greater than 45/mg/l (maximum allowable) and 30 mg/l (average of daily value for 30 consecutive discharge days) based on a representative sampling.

                3 Where the application of neutralization and sedimentation treatment technology results in inability to comply with the manganese limitations set forth, the regulatory authority may allow the pH level in the discharge to exceed to a small extent the upper limit of 9.0 in order that the manganese limitations will be achieved.

                4 Within the range 6.0 to 9.0.

            (i) Any overflow or other discharge of surface water from the disturbed area within the permit area demonstrated by the permittee to result from a precipitation event larger than the 10-year 24-hour frequency event will not be subject to the effluent limitations of paragraph (a).
            (ii) The permittee shall install, operate, and maintain adequate facilities to treat any water discharged from the disturbed area that violates applicable Federal or State regulations or the limitations of paragraph (a). If the pH of waters to be discharged from the disturbed area is normally less than 6.0, an automatic lime feeder or other neutralization process approved by the regulatory authority shall be installed, operated, and maintained. If the regulatory authority finds that small and infrequent treatment requirements to meet applicable standards do not necessitate use of an automatic neutralization process, and the mine normally produces less than 500 tons of coal per day, the regulatory authority can approve the use of a manual system if the permittee agrees to insure that consistent and timely treatment is carried out.
            (iii) The effluent limitations for manganese shall be applicable only to acid drainage.
            (b) Surface water monitoring. (1) The permittee shall submit for approval by the regulatory authority a surface water monitoring program which meets the following requirements:
            (i) Provides adequate monitoring of all discharge from the disturbed area and from the underground operations.
            (ii) Provides adequate data to describe the likely daily and seasonal variation in discharges from the disturbed area in terms of flow, pH, total iron, total manganese, and total suspended solids and, as requested by the regulatory authority, any other parameter characteristic of the discharge.
            (iii) Provides monitoring at appropriate frequencies to measure normal and abnormal variations in concentration.
            (iv) Provides an analytical quality control system including standard methods of analysis such as those specified in 40 CFR part 136.
            (v) Within sixty (60) days of the end of each sixty (60) day sample collection period, a report of all samples shall be made to the regulatory authority, unless the discharge for which water monitoring reports are required is subject to regulation by a National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit issued in compliance with the Clean Water Act of 1977 (33 U.S.C. 1251-1378), (A) which includes equivalent reporting requirements, and (B) which requires filing of the water monitoring reports within 90 days or less of sample collection.

            For such discharges, the reporting requirements of this paragraph may be satisfied by submitting to the regulatory authority on the same time schedule as required by the NPDES permit or within ninety (90) days following sample collection, whichever is earlier, either (1) a copy of the completed reporting form filed to meet the NPDES permit requirements, or (2) a letter identifying the State or Federal government official with whom the reporting form was filed to meet the NPDES permit requirements and the date of filing. In all cases in which analytical results of the sample collections indicate a violation of a permit condition or applicable standard has occurred, the operator shall notify the regulatory authority immediately. Where an NPDES permit effluent limitation requirement has been violated, the permittee should forward a copy of the Discharge Monitoring Report, EPA Form 3320-1, concurrently with notification of the violation.
            (2) Equipment, structures, or other measures necessary to accurately measure and sample the quality and quantity of surface water discharges from the disturbed area of the permit area shall be properly installed, maintained and operated and shall be removed when no longer required.
            (c) Diversion and conveyance of overland flow away from disturbed areas. In order to minimize erosion and to prevent or remove water from contacting toxic-producing deposits, overland flow from undisturbed areas may, as required or approved by the regulatory authority, be diverted away from disturbed areas by means of temporary or permanent diversion structures. The following requirements shall be met for such diversions:
            (1) Temporary diversion structures shall be constructed to safely pass the peak runoff from a precipitation event with a one year recurrence interval, or a larger event as specified by the regulatory authority. The design criteria must assure adequate protection of the environment and public during the existence of the temporary diversion structure.
            (2) Permanent diversion structures are those remaining after mining and reclamation and approved for retention by the regulatory authority and other appropriate State and Federal agencies. To protect fills and property, to prevent water from contacting toxic-producing deposits, and to avoid danger to public health and safety, permanent diversion structures shall be constructed to safely pass the peak runoff from a precipitation event with a 100-year recurrence interval or a larger event as specified by the regulatory authority. Permanent diversion structures shall be constructed with gently sloping banks that are stabilized by vegetation. Asphalt, concrete, or other similar linings shall not be used unless specifically required to prevent seepage or to provide stability and they are approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) Diversions shall be designed, constructed, and maintained in a manner so as to prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow, or to runoff outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available. In no event shall such contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law. Appropriate sediment control measures for these diversions shall include, but not be limited to, maintenance of appropriate gradients, channel lining, vegetation, and roughness structures and detention basins.
            (d) Stream channel diversions. In the event that the regulatory authority permits diversion of streams, the regulations of § 715.17(d) shall apply.
            (e) Sedimentation ponds—(1) General requirements. Sedimentation ponds shall be used individually or in series and shall:
            (i) Be constructed before any disturbance of the undisturbed area to be drained into the pond and prior to any discharge of water to surface waters from underground mine workings;
            (ii) Be located as near as possible to the disturbed area and out of perennial streams, unless approved by the regulatory authority,
            (iii) Meet all the criteria of the section.
            (2) Sediment storage volume. Sedimentation ponds shall provide a minimum sediment storage volume.
            (3) Detention time. Sedimentation ponds shall provide the required theoretical detention time for the water inflow or runoff entering the pond from a 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event (design event), plus the average inflow from the underground mine.
            (4) Dewatering. The water storage resulting from inflow shall be removed by a nonclogging dewatering device or a conduit spillway approved by the regulatory authority. The dewatering device shall not be located at a lower elevation than the maximum elevation of the sedimentation storage volume.
            (5) Each person who conducts underground mining activities shall design, construct, and maintain sedimentation ponds to prevent short-circuiting to the extent possible.
            (6) The design, construction, and maintenance of a sedimentation pond or other sediment control measures in accordance with this section shall not relieve the person from compliance with applicable effluent limitations as contained in paragraph (a) of this section.
            (7) There shall be no out-flow through the emergency spillway during the passage of the runoff resulting from the 10-year, 24-hour precipitation events and lesser events through the sedimentation pond, regardless of the volume of water and sediment present from the underground mine during the runoff.
            (8) Sediment shall be removed from sedimentation ponds.
            (9) An appropriate combination of principal and emergency spillways shall be provided to discharge safely the runoff from a 25-year, 24-hour precipitation event, or larger event specified by the regulatory authority, plus any inflow from the underground mine. The elevation of the crest of the emergency spillway shall be a Minimum of 1.0 foot above the crest of the principal spillway. Emergency spillway grades and allowable velocities shall be approved by the regulatory authority.
            (10) The minimum elevation of the top of the settled embankment shall be 1.0 foot above the water surface in the pond with the emergency spillway flowing at design depth. For embankments subject to settlement, this 1.0 foot minimum elevation requirement shall apply at all times, including the period after settlement.
            (11) The constructed height of the dam shall be increased a minimum of 5 percent over the design height to allow for settlement, unless it has been demonstrated to the regulatory authority that the material used and the design will ensure against all settlement.

            (12) The minimum top width of the embankment shall not be less than the quotient of (H + 35)/5, where H, in feet, is the height of the embankment as measured from the upstream toe of the embankment.

            (13) The combined upstream and downstream side slopes of the settled embankment shall not be less than 1v:5h, with neither slope steeper than 1v:2h, Slopes shall be designed to be stable in all cases, even if flatter side slopes are required.

            (14) The embankment foundation area shall be cleared of all organic matter, all surfaces sloped to no steeper than 1v:1h, and the entire foundation surface scarified.
            (15) The fill material shall be free of sod, large roots, other large vegetative matter, and frozen soil, and in no case shall coal-processing waste be used.
            (16) The placing and spreading of fill material shall be started at the lowest point of the foundation. The fill shall be brought up in horizontal layers of such thickness as is required to facilitate compaction and meet the design requirement of this section. Compaction shall be conducted as specified in the design approved by the regulatory authority.
            (17) If a sedimentation pond has an embankment that is more than 20 feet in height, as measured from the upstream top of the embankment to the crest of the emergency spillway, or has a storage volume of 20 acre-feet or more, the following additional requirements shall be met:
            (i) An appropriate combination of principal and emergency spillways shall be provided to safely discharge the runoff resulting from a 100-year, 24-hour precipitation event, or a larger event specified by the regulatory authority, plus any in-flow from the underground mine.

            (ii) The embankment shall be designed and constructed with an acceptable static safety factor of at least 1.5, or a higher safety factor as designated by the regulatory authority to ensure stability.

            (iii) Appropriate barriers shall be provided to control seepage along conduits that extend through the embankment.
            (iv) The criteria of the Mine Safety and Health Administration as published in 30 CFR 77.216 shall be met.
            (18) Each pond shall be designed and inspected during construction under the supervision of, and certified after construction by, a registered professional engineer.
            (19) The entire embankment including the surrounding areas disturbed by construction shall be stabilized with respect to erosion by a vegetative cover or other means immediately after the embankment is completed. The active upstream face of the embankment where water is being impounded may be riprapped or otherwise stabilized. Areas in which the vegetation is not successful or where rills and guillies develop shall be repaired and revegetated, in accordance with § 717.20.
            (20) All ponds, including those not meeting the size or other criteria of 30 CFR 77.216(a), shall be examined for structural weakness, erosion, and other hazardous conditions and reports and notifications shall be made to the regulatory authority, in accordance with 30 CFR 77.216-3. With the approval of the regulatory authority, dams not meeting these criteria (30 CFR 77.216(a)) shall be examined four times per year.
            (21) Sedimentation ponds shall not be removed until the disturbed area has been restored and the vegetation requirements of § 715.20 are met and the drainage entering the pond has met the applicable State and Federal water quality requirements for the receiving stream. When the sedimentation pond is removed, the affected land shall be regraded and revegetated in accordance with §§ 717.14 and 717.20, unless the pond has been approved by the regulatory authority for retention as compatible with the approved post-mining land use paragraph (k) of this section. If the regulatory authority approves retention, the sedimentation pond shall meet all the requirements for permanent impoundments of paragraph (k).
            (22)(i) Where surface mining activities are proposed to be conducted on steep slopes, as defined in § 716.2 of this chapter, special sediment control measures may be followed if the person has demonstrated to the regulatory authority that a sedimentation pond (or series of ponds) constructed according to paragraph (e) of this section—
            (A) Will jeopardize public health or safety; or
            (B) Will result in contributions of suspended solids to streamflow in excess of the incremental sediment volume trapped by the additional pond size required.
            (ii) Special sediment control measures shall include but not be limited to—
            (A) Designing, constructing, and maintaining a sedimentation pond as near as physically possible to the disturbed area which complies with the design criteria of this section to the maximum extent possible.
            (B) A plan and commitment to employ sufficient onsite sedimentation control measures including bench sediment storage, filtration by natural vegetation, mulching, and prompt revegetation which, in conjunction with the required sediment pond, will achieve and maintain applicable effluent limitations. The plan submitted pursuant to this paragraph shall include a detailed description of all onsite control measures to be employed, a quantitative analysis demonstrating that onsite sedimentation control measures, in conjunction with the required sedimentation pond, will achieve and maintain applicable effluent limitations, and maps depicting the location of all onsite sedimentation control measures.
            (f) Discharge structures. Discharges from sedimentation ponds and diversion structures shall be controlled, where necessary, using energy dissipators, surge ponds, and other devices to reduce erosion and prevent deepening or enlargement of stream channels and to minimize disturbances to the hydrologic balance.
            (g) Acid and toxic materials. Drainage to ground and surface waters which emanates from acid-forming or toxic-forming mine waste materials and spoils placed on the land surface shall be avoided by—

            (1) Identifying, burying, and treating where necessary, spoil or other materials that, in the judgment of the regulatory authority, will be toxic to vegetation or that will adversely affect water quality if not treated or buried. Such material shall be disposed in accordance with the provision of § 717.14(e);
            (2) Preventing or removing water from contact with toxic-producing deposits;
            (3) Burying or otherwise treating all toxic or harmful materials within 30 days if such materials are subject to wind and water erosion, or within a lesser period designated by the regulatory authority. If storage of such materials is approved, the materials shall be placed on impermeable material and protected from erosion and contact with surface water. Coal waste ponds and other coal waste materials shall be maintained according to paragraph (g)(4) of this section and § 717.18 shall apply;
            (4) Burying or otherwise treating waste materials from coal preparation plants no later than 90 days after the cessation of the filling of the disposal area. Burial or treatment shall be in accordance with § 717.14(e) of this part;
            (5) Casing, sealings, or otherwise managing boreholes, shafts, wells, and auger holes or other more or less horizontal holes to prevent pollution of surface or ground water and to prevent mixing of ground waters of significantly different quality. All boreholes that are within the permit area but are outside the surface coal mining area or which extend beneath the coal to be mined and into water-bearing strata shall be plugged permanently in a manner approved by the regulatory authority, unless boreholes have been approved for use in monitoring.
            (h) Ground water systems. (1) Underground operations shall be conducted to minimize adverse effects on ground water flow and quality, and to minimize offsite effects. The permittee will be responsible for performing monitoring according to paragraph (h)(2) of this section to ensure operations conform to this requirement.
            (2) Ground water levels, subsurface flow and storage characteristics, and the quality of ground water shall be monitored in a manner approved by the regulatory authority to determine the effects of underground coal mining operations on the quantity and quality of water in ground water systems at the mine area and in associated offsite areas. When operations are conducted in such a manner that may affect the ground water system, ground water levels and ground water quality shall be periodically monitored using wells which can adequately reflect changes in ground water quantity and quality resulting from such operations. Sufficient water wells must be used by the permittee. The regulatory authority may require drilling and development of additional wells if needed to adequately monitor the ground water system. As specified and approved by the regulatory authority, additional hydrologic tests, such as aquifer tests, must be undertaken by the permittee to demonstrate compliance with paragraph (h)(1) of this section.
            (i) Water rights and replacement. The permittee shall replace the water supply of an owner of interest in real property who obtains all or part of his supply of water for domestic, agricultural, industrial, or other legitimate use from an underground or surface source where such supply has been affected by contamination, diminution, or interruption proximately resulting from surface coal mine operation by the permittee.
            (j) Hydrologic impact of roads—(1) General. Access and haul roads and associated bridges, culverts, ditches, and road rights-of-way shall be constructed, maintained, and reclaimed so as to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available, prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow, or to runoff outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available. In no event shall the contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law. All haul and access roads shall be removed and the land affected shall be regraded and revegetated consistent with the requirements of §§ 717.14 and 717.20, unless retention of a road is approved and assured of necessary maintenance to adequately control erosion.

            (2) Construction. (i) All roads, insofar as possible, shall be located on ridges or on flatter and more stable slopes to minimize erosion. Stream fords are prohibited unless they are specifically approved by the regulatory authority as temporary routes across dry streams that will not adversely affect sedimentation and that will not be used for coal haulage. Other stream crossings shall be made using bridges, culverts, or other structures designed and constructed to meet the requirements of this paragraph. Roads shall not be located in active stream channels nor shall they be constructed or maintained in a manner that increases erosion or causes significant sedimentation or flooding. However, nothing in this paragraph will be construed to prohibit relocation of stream channels in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section.
            (ii) In order to minimize erosion and subsequent disturbances of the hydrologic balance, roads shall be constructed in compliance with the following grade restrictions or other grades determined by the regulatory authority to be necessary to control erosion:
            (A) The overall sustained grade shall not exceed 1v:10h (10 percent).

            (B) The maximum grade greater than 10 percent shall not exceed 1v:6.5h (15 percent) for more than 300 feet.
            (C) There shall not be more than 300 feet of grade exceeding 10 percent within each 1,000 feet.
            (iii) All access and haul roads shall be adequately drained using structures such as, but not limited to, ditches, water barriers, cross drains, and ditch relief drains. For access and haul roads that are to be maintained for more than 1 year, water-control structures shall be designed with a discharge capacity capable of passing the peak runoff from a 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event. Drainage pipes and culverts shall be constructed to avoid plugging or collapse and erosion at inlets and outlets. Drainage ditches shall be provided at the toe of all cut slopes formed by construction of roads. Trash racks and debris basis shall be installed in the drainage ditches wherever debris from the drainage area could impair the functions of drainage and sediment control structures. Ditch relief and cross drains shall be spaced according to grade. Effluent limitations of paragraph (a) of this section shall not apply to drainage from access and haul roads located outside the disturbed area as defined in this section unless otherwise specified by the regulatory authority.
            (iv) Access and haul roads shall be surfaced with durable material. Toxic- or acid-forming substances shall not be used. Vegetation may be cleared only for the essential width necessary for road and associated ditch construction and to serve traffic roads.
            (3) Maintenance. (i) Access and haul roads shall be routinely maintained by means such as, but not limited to, wetting, scraping, or surfacing.
            (ii) Ditches, culverts, drains, trash racks, debris basins, and other structures serving to drain access and haul roads shall not be restricted or blocked in any manner that impedes drainage or adversely affects the intended purpose of the structure.
            (4) Access roads constructed for and used only to provide infrequent service to surface facilities, such as ventilators or monitoring devices shall be exempt from the requirements of paragraph (j)(2) of this section provided adequate stabilization to control erosion is achieved through use of alternative measures.
            (k) Hydrologic impacts of other transport facilities. Railroad loops, spurs, conveyors, or other transport facilities shall be constructed, maintained, and reclaimed to prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow, or to runoff outside the permit area to the extent possible, using the best technology currently available and to control other diminution or degradation of water quality and quantity. In no event shall contributions be in excess of requirements set by applicable State or Federal law.

            (l) Discharge of waters into underground mines. Surface and ground waters shall not be discharged or diverted into underground mine workings.
            (Secs. 101, 102, 201, 501, 503-510, 515-517, 523, and 701, Surface Mining Reclamation Act of 1977, Pub. L. 95-87 (30 U.S.C. 1201, 1202, 1211, 1251-1260, 1265-1267, 1273, 1291))
            [42 FR 62695, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 43 FR 8092, Feb. 27, 1978; 43 FR 21459, May 18, 1978; 44 FR 30632, May 25, 1979; 44 FR 36887, June 22, 1979; 44 FR 77452, Dec. 31, 1979]

              Effective Date Note:
              A document published at 44 FR 77452, Dec. 31, 1979, suspended § 717.17(a)(3)(i) insofar as it applies to total suspended solids (TSS) discharges.

            § 717.18
            Dams constructed of or impounding waste material.
            (a) General. No waste material shall be used in or impounded by existing or new dams without the approval of regulatory authority. The permittee shall design, locate, construct, operate, maintain, modify, and abandon or remove all dams (used either temporarily or permanently) constructed of waste materials, in accordance with the requirements of this section.
            (b) Construction of dams. (1) Waste shall not be used in the construction of dams unless demonstrated through appropriate engineering analysis, to have no adverse effect on stability.
            (2) Plans for dams subject to this section, and also including those dams that do not meet the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, shall be approved by the regulatory authority before construction and shall contain the minimum plan requirements established by the Mining Enforcement and Safety Administration pursuant to § 77.216-2 of this title.
            (3) Construction requirements are as follows: (i) Design shall be based on the flood from the probable maximum precipitation event unless the permittee shows that the failure of the impounding structure would not cause loss of life or severely damage property or the environment, in which case, depending on site conditions, a design based on a precipitation event of no less than 100-year frequency may be approved by the regulatory authority.
            (ii) The design freeboard distance between the lowest point on the embankment crest and the maximum water elevation shall be at least 3 feet to avoid overtopping by wind and wave action.
            (iii) Dams shall have minimum safety factors as follows:

                Case
                Loading condition
                Minimum safety factor

                I
                End of construction
                1.3

                II
                Partial pool with steady seepage saturation
                1.5

                III
                Steady seepage from spillway or decant crest
                1.5

                IV
                Earthquake (cases II and III with seismic loading)
                1.0

            (iv) The dam, foundation, and abutment shall be stable under all conditions of construction and operation of the impoundment. Sufficient foundation investigations and laboratory testing shall be performed to determine the factors of safety of the dam for all loading conditions in paragraph (b)(3)(iii) of this section and for all increments of construction.
            (v) Seepage through the dam, foundation, and abutments shall be controlled to prevent excessive uplift pressures, internal erosion, sloughing, removal of material by solution, or erosion of material by loss into cracks, joints, and cavities. This may require the use of impervious blankets, pervious drainage zones or blankets, toe drains, relief wells, or dental concreting of jointed rock surface in contact with embankment materials.
            (vi) Allowances shall be made for settlement of the dams and the foundation so that the freeboard will be maintained.
            (vii) Impoundments created by dams of waste materials shall be subject to a minimum drawdown criteria that allows the facility to be evacuated by spillways or decants of 90 percent of the volume of water stored during the design precipitation event within 10 days.

            (viii) During construction of dams subject to this section, the structures shall be periodically inspected by a registered professional engineer to ensure construction according to the approved design. On completion of construction, the structure shall be certified by a registered professional engineer experienced in the field of dam construction as having been constructed in accordance with accepted professional practice and the approved design.
            (ix) A permanent identification marker, at least 6 feet high that shows the dam number assigned pursuant to § 77.216-1 of this title and the name of the person operating or controlling the dam, shall be located on or immediately adjacent to each dam within 30 days of certification of design pursuant to this section.
            (4) All dams including those not meeting the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, shall be routinely inspected by a registered professional engineer, or someone under the supervision of a registered professional engineer, in accordance with Mining Enforcement, and Safety Administration regulations pursuant to § 77.216-3 of this title.
            (5) All dams shall be routinely maintained. Vegetative growth shall be cut where necessary to facilitate inspection and repairs. Ditches and spillways shall be cleaned. Any combustible materials present on the surface, other than that used for surface stability such as mulch or dry vegetation, shall be removed and any other appropriate maintenance procedures followed.
            (6) All dams subject to this section shall be recertified annually as having been constructed and modified in accordance with current prudent enginnering practices to minimize the possibility of failures. Any changes in the geometry of the impounding structure shall be highlighted and included in the annual recertification report. These certifications shall include a report on existing and required monitoring procedures and instrumentation, the average and maximum depths and elevations of any impounded waters over the past year, existing storage capacity of impounding structures, any fires occurring in the material over the past year and any other aspects of the structures affecting their stability.
            (7) Any enlargements, reductions in size, reconstruction or other modification of the dams shall be approved by the regulatory authority before construction begins.
            (8) All dams shall be removed and the disturbed areas regraded, revegetated, and stabilized before the release of bond unless the regulatory authority approves retention of such dams as being compatible with an approved postmining land use (§ 715.13).

            § 717.19
            [Reserved]

            § 717.20
            Topsoil handling and revegetation.
            (a) Topsoil shall be removed as a separate operation from areas to be disturbed by surface operations, such as roads and areas upon which support facilities are to be sited. Selected overburden materials may be used instead of, or as a substitute for topsoil where the resulting soil medium is determined by the regulatory authority to be equal to or more suitable for revegetation. Topsoil shall be segregated, stockpiled, and protected from wind and water erosion, or contaminants. Disturbed areas no longer required for the conduct of mining operations shall be regraded, topsoil distributed, and revegetated.
            (b) The permittee shall establish on all land that has been disturbed by mining operations a diverse, effective, and permanent vegetative cover capable of self-regeneration and plant succession, and adequate to control soil erosion. Introduced species may be substituted for native species if approved by the regulatory authority. Introduced species shall meet applicable State and Federal seed or introduced species statutes, and may not include poisonous or potentially toxic species.

          Pt. 721
          PART 721—FEDERAL INSPECTIONS

            Sec.
            721.11
            Extent.
            721.12
            Right of entry.
            721.13
            Inspections based on citizen requests.
            721.14
            Failure to give notice and lack of reasonable belief.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201, 501, and 502, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201).

            Source:
            42 FR 62700, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 721.11
            Extent.

            The authorized representative of the Secretary shall conduct inspections of surface coal mining and reclamation operations subject to regulation under the Act—
            (a) On the basis of not less than two consecutive State inspection reports indicating a violation of the Act, regulations or permit conditions required by the Act;
            (b) On the basis of information provided by a State or any person which gives rise to a reasonable belief that the provisions of the Act, regulations or permit conditions required by the Act are being violated, or that a condition or practice exists which creates an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public, or is causing or can reasonably be expected to cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources; and
            (c) On a random basis of at least one complete inspection each 6 months. A complete inspection is an onsite review of the operator's compliance with all applicable standards in these regulations within the entire area disturbed or affected by mining.

            § 721.12
            Right of entry.
            (a) Authorized representatives of the Secretary, without advance notice and upon presentation of appropriate credentials and without a search warrant, shall have the right of entry to, upon, or through any surface coal mining and reclamation operations or any premises in which any records required to be maintained are located.
            (b) The authorized representatives may at reasonable times, and without delay, have access to and copy any records, and inspect any monitoring equipment or method of operation required under this Act, the regulations or the permit.

            § 721.13
            Inspections based on citizen requests.
            (a) Citizens reports. (1) Any person who believes that there is a violation of the Act, regulations or permit conditions rquired by the Act or that any imminent danger or harm exists may report this information to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement. Written reports must be signed and include a phone number where the reporting party can be contacted. Oral reports will be accepted but must be followed by a written and signed statement including the information reported. The complaint or other information shall be considered as having a reasonable basis if it alleges facts which, if proven to be true, would be sufficient to show a violation of the Act, regulations or permit. Unless the Office has reason to believe that the information is incorrect, or determines that even if true it would not constitute a violation, the Office shall conduct an inspection within 15 days of receipt of the complaint. If the complaint alleges an imminent danger or harm, the inspection shall be conducted promptly.
            (2) The identity of any person supplying information to the Office relating to possible violations or imminent dangers or harms shall remain confidential with the Office, if requested by the person supplying the information, unless disclosure is required under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) or by other Federal law.
            (b) Right to accompany the authorized representative of the Secretary. (1) If a Federal inspection is conducted as a result of information provided to the Office, the person who provided the information shall be notified when the inspection is to occur and the person will be allowed to accompany the authorized representative of the Secretary during the inspection.
            (2) Any person accompanying an authorized representative of the Secretary has a right of entry to, upon and through the mining and reclamation operations about which he supplied information, only if he is in the presence of and is under the control, direction and supervision of the authorized representative while on the mine property.
            (c) Notification of results of investigation. Within 10 days of the inspection or, if no inspection, within 15 days of the complaint, the Office shall notify the person in writing of the following—

            (1) The results of the investigation, including a description of any inspection which occurred and any enforcement action taken; copies of Federal inspection reports, notices of violation, and cessation orders may be forwarded to the person in satisfaction of this requirement;

            (2) If no inspection was conducted, an explanation of the reason for not inspecting;
            (3) A statement as to the person's right to informal review of the actions or inactions of the Office.
            (4) The permittee shall receive copies of all such reports which have not already been given to the permittee, except that the name of the complainant shall be removed.
            (d) Review of action of local offices. A person who does not agree with the action taken by the Office on their report may request the Regional Director to review the complaint and actions taken. The Regional Director shall advise the person in writing, within 30 days of the results of the review. Informal review under this subsection shall not affect any rights to formal review or a citizen's suit.

            § 721.14
            Failure to give notice and lack of reasonable belief.
            No notice of violation or cessation order may be vacated by reason of failure to give notice required by the Act or these regulations prior to the inspection; or by reason of a subsequent determination that prior to the inspection the Office did not have information sufficient to create a reasonable belief that a violation had occurred.

          Pt. 722
          PART 722—ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES

            Sec.
            722.1
            Scope.
            722.11
            Imminent dangers and harms.
            722.12
            Non-imminent dangers or harms.
            722.13
            Failure to abate.
            722.14
            Service of notices of violation, cessation orders, and orders to show cause.
            722.15
            Informal public hearing.
            722.16
            Pattern of violations.
            722.17
            Inability to comply.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201, 501, and 502, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201).

            Source:
            42 FR 62701, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 722.1
            Scope.
            The regulations of this part set forth general procedures governing issuance of orders of cessation, notices of violation, and orders to show cause under section 521 of the Act.

            § 722.11
            Imminent dangers and harms.
            (a) If an authorized representative of the Secretary finds conditions or practices, or violations of any requirement of the Act, or any requirement of this chapter applicable during the interim regulatory program, which create an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public, the authorized representative shall immediately order a cessation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations or that portion of the operation relevant to the condition, practice, or violation.
            (b) If an authorized representative of the Secretary finds conditions or practices, or violations of any requirement of the Act, or any requirement of this chapter applicable during the interim regulatory program, which are causing, or can reasonably be expected to cause, significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources, the authorized representative shall immediately order a cessation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations or that portion of the operation relevant to the condition, practice, or violation.
            (c) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations conducted by any person without a valid surface coal mining permit required by this subchapter constitute a condition or practice which causes or can reasonably be expected to cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air or water resources, unless such operations are an integral, uninterrupted extension of previously permitted operations, and the person conducting such operations has filed a timely and complete application for a permit to conduct such operations.
            (d) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall impose affirmative obligations on an operator which the authorized representative deems necessary to abate the condition, practice, or violation if—
            (1) A cessation order is issued under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section; and

            (2) The cessation of mining or reclamation activities will not completely abate the imminent danger or harm or eliminate the practices or conditions that contributed to the imminent danger or harm.

            (e) When imposing affirmative obligations under this section, the authorized representative of the Secretary shall require abatement of the imminent danger or harm in the most expeditious manner physically possible. The affirmative obligation shall include a time by which abatement shall be accomplished and may include, among other things, the use of existing or additional personnel and equipment.
            (f) Reclamation operations not directly the subject of the order or affirmative obligation shall continue during any cessation order.
            (g) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall terminate a cessation order issued under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section by written notice when the authorized representative determines that the conditions or practices or violations that contributed to the imminent danger to life or the environment have been eliminated.
            [42 FR 62701, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 45 FR 67501, Oct. 10, 1980; 47 FR 18558, Apr. 29, 1982]

            § 722.12
            Non-imminent dangers or harms.
            (a) If an authorized representative of the Secretary finds conditions or practices, or violations of any requirement of the Act, or of any requirement of this chapter applicable during the interim regulatory program, but such violations do not create an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public, or are not causing and cannot reasonably be expected to cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources, the authorized representative shall issue a notice of violation fixing a reasonable time for abatement.
            (b) An authorized representative of the Secretary may extend the time to abate a violation by written notice if the failure to abate within the time set was not caused by the permittee's lack of diligence.
            (c) An authorized representative of the Secretary may establish interim steps in an abatement period. If the permittee fails to meet any interim step within the time set, the authorized representative may extend the time set for meeting the interim step, in accordance with this section, or may issue a cessation order pursuant to § 722.13 of this part.
            (d) The total time for abatement as originally fixed and subsequently extended shall not exceed 90 days except upon a showing by the permittee that it is not feasible to abate the violation within 90 calendar days due to one or more of the circumstances in § 722.12(e). An extended abatement date pursuant to this section shall not be granted when the permittee's failure to abate within 90 days has been caused by a lack of diligence or intentional delay by the permittee in completing the remedial action required.
            (e) Circumstances which may qualify a surface coal mining operation for an abatement period of more than 90 days are:
            (1) Where the permittee of an ongoing permitted operation has timely applied for and diligently pursued a permit renewal or other necessary approval of designs or plans but such permit or approval has not been or will not be issued within 90 days after a valid permit expires or is required, for reasons not within the control of the permittee;
            (2) Where there is a valid judicial order precluding abatement within 90 days as to which the permittee has diligently pursued all rights of appeal and as to which he or she has no other effective legal remedy;
            (3) Where the permittee cannot abate within 90 days due to a labor strike;
            (4) Where climatic conditions preclude abatement within 90 days, or where, due to climatic conditions, abatement within 90 days clearly:
            (i) Would cause more environmental harm than it would prevent; or
            (ii) Requires action that would violate safety standards established by statute or regulation under the Mine Safety and Health Act.
            (f) Whenever an abatement time in excess of 90 days is permitted, interim abatement measures shall be imposed to the extent necessary to minimize harm to the public or the environment.

            (g) If any of the conditions in paragraphs (e) (1) through (4) exist, the permittee may request the authorized representative to grant an abatement period exceeding 90 days. The authorized representative shall not grant such an abatement period without the concurrence of the Director or his or her designee and the abatement period granted shall not exceed the shortest possible time necessary to abate the violation. The permittee shall have the burden of establishing by clear and convincing proof that he or she is entitled to an extension under the provisions of § 722.12 (d) and (e). In determining whether or not to grant an abatement period exceeding 90 days the authorized representative may consider any relevant written or oral information from the permittee or any other source. The authorized representative shall promptly and fully document in the file his or her reasons for granting or denying the request. The inspector's immediate supervisor shall review this document before concurring in or disapproving the extended abatement date and shall promptly and fully document the reasons for his or her concurrence or disapproval in the file.
            (h) Any determination made under paragraph (g) shall be in writing and shall contain a right of appeal to the Office of Hearings and Appeals in accordance with 43 CFR 4.1281 and the regulations at 43 CFR part 4.
            (i) No extension granted under paragraph (b) may exceed 90 days in length. Where the condition or circumstance which prevented abatement within 90 days exists at the expiration of any such extension, the permittee may request a further extension in accordance with the procedures of paragraph (g).
            [42 FR 62701, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2722, Jan. 19, 1978, as amended at 45 FR 67501, Oct. 10, 1980; 46 FR 41704, Aug. 17, 1981]

            § 722.13
            Failure to abate.
            An authorized representative of the Secretary shall order cessation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations, or the portion relevant to the violation, when a notice of violation has been issued under § 722.12 of this part and the permittee fails to abate the violation within the time originally fixed or subsequently extended. In a cessation order issued under this section, the authorized representative shall impose affirmative obligations to abate the violation in the manner provided in § 722.11 of this part. Reclamation operations not directly the subject of the order or affirmative obligation shall continue during any cessation order. A cessation order issued under this section shall be terminated as provided in § 722.11 of this part.

            § 722.14
            Service of notices of violation, cessation orders, and orders to show cause.
            (a) A notice of violation or cessation order shall be served on the person to whom it is directed or his designated agent promptly after issuance, as follows:
            (1) By tendering a copy at the surface coal mining and reclamation operation to the designated agent or to the person to whom it is directed. If no such agent is reasonably available, a copy may be tendered to the individual who, based upon reasonable inquiry by the authorized representative, appears to be in charge of the surface coal mining and reclamation operation referred to in the notice or order. If no such individual can be located at the site, a copy may be tendered to any individual at the site who appears to be an employee or agent of the person to whom the notice or order is issued. Service shall be complete upon tender of the notice or order and shall not be deemed incomplete because of refusal to accept.
            (2) As an alternative to paragraph (a)(1) of this section, service may be made by sending a copy of the notice or order by certified mail or by hand to the person to whom it is issued or his or her designated agent, or by any alternative means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons and complaint under rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Service shall be complete upon tender of the notice or order or of the certified mail and shall not be deemed incomplete because of refusal to accept.
            (b) A show cause order, or a vacation, modification or termination of a notice or order, may be served on the person to whom it is issued in either manner provided in paragraph (a) of this section.

            (c) Designation by any person of an agent for service of notices and orders shall be made in a conspicuous, easy-to-read manner on the mine identification sign, or on the mine bulletin board posted by the minesite office.
            (d) The Office shall furnish copies of notices and orders to the State regulatory authority, if any, after their issuance. The Office may furnish copies to any person having an interest in the surface coal mining and reclamation operation or the permit area, such as the owner of the fee, a corporate officer of the permittee, or the bonding company.
            (Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, secs. 201, 501, 521(a)(5) (30 U.S.C. 1211, 1251, 1271(a)(5)))
            [45 FR 2628, Jan. 11, 1980, as amended at 56 FR 28445, June 20, 1991]

            § 722.15
            Informal public hearing.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, a notice of violation or cessation order which requires cessation of mining, expressly or by necessary implication, shall expire within 30 days after it is served unless an informal public hearing has been held within that time. The hearing shall be held at or reasonably close to the minesite so that it may be viewed during the hearing or at any other location acceptable to the Office and the person to whom the notice or order was issued. The Office of Surface Mining office nearest to the minesite shall be deemed to be reasonably close to the minesite unless a closer location is requested and agreed to by the Office. Expiration of a notice or order shall not affect the Office's right to assess civil penalties with respect to the period during which the notice or order was in effect. No hearing will be required where the condition, practice or violation in question has been abated, or the hearing has been waived. For purposes of this section only, mining means (1) extracting coal from the earth or from coal waste piles and transporting it within or from the permit area, and (2) the processing, cleaning, concentrating, preparing or loading of coal where such operations occur at a place other than at a minesite.
            (b) A notice of violation or cessation order shall not expire as provided in paragraph (a) of this section if the informal public hearing has been waived or if, with the consent of the person to whom the notice or order was issued, the informal public hearing is held later than 30 days after the notice or order was served. For purposes of this section:
            (1) The informal public hearing will be deemed waived if the person to whom the notice or order is issued:
            (i) Is informed, by written notice served in the manner provided in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, that he will be deemed to have waived an informal public hearing unless he requests one within 30 days after service of the notice or order, and
            (ii) Fails to request an informal public hearing within that time.
            (2) The written notice referred to in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section shall be delivered to such person by an authorized representative or sent by certified mail to such person no later than five days after the notice or order is served on such person.
            (3) The person to whom the notice or order is issued shall be deemed to have consented to an extension of the time for holding the informal public hearing if his request is received on or after the 21st day after the service of the notice of order. The extension of time shall be equal to the number of days elapsed after the 21st day.
            (c) The Office shall give as much advance notice as is practicable of the time, place, and subject matter of the informal public hearing to:
            (1) The person to whom the notice or order was issued;
            (2) Any person who filed a report which led to the notice or order; and
            (3) The State regulatory authority, if any.
            (d) The Office shall also post notice of the hearing at the regional district or field office closest to the minesite, and publish it, where practicable, in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of the mine.

            (e) Section 554 of Title 5 of the United States Code, regarding requirements for formal adjudicatory hearings, shall not govern the conduct of these informal public hearings. An informal public hearing shall be conducted by a representative of the Office, who may accept oral or written arguments and any other relevant information from any person attending.

            (f) Within five business days after the date of the informal public hearing, the Office shall affirm, modify, or vacate the notice or order in writing and send its decision to:
            (1) The person to whom the notice or order was issued;
            (2) Any person who filed a report which led to the notice or order; and
            (3) The State regulatory authority, if any.
            (g) The granting or waiver of an informal public hearing shall not affect the right of any person to formal review under sections 518(b), 521(a)(4), or 525 of the Act.
            (h) The person conducting the hearing for the Office shall determine whether or not the minesite should be viewed during the hearing. In making this determination the only consideration shall be whether a view of the minesite will assist the person conducting the hearing in reviewing the appropriateness of the enforcement action or the required remedial action.
            (Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, secs. 201, 501, 521(a)(5) (30 U.S.C. 1211, 1251, 1271(a)(5)))
            [45 FR 2628, Jan. 11, 1980]

            § 722.16
            Pattern of violations.
            (a) The regulations of this section set forth the procedures governing the suspension or revocation of State permits and rights to mine under this Act based on a pattern of violations arising during Federal inspections during the initial regulatory program.
            (b) Definitions. As used in this section—
            (1) Violations of the same or related requirements of the Act, regulations or permit conditions means noncompliance with any single section of parts 715, 716, or 717 of this chapter.
            (2) Violations of different requirements of the Act, regulations, or permit conditions means noncompliance with different sections of parts 715, 716, or 717 of this chapter.
            (3) Unwarranted failure to comply means the failure of a permittee to prevent the occurrence of any violation of his permit or any requirement of the Act or these regulations due to indifference, lack of diligence, lack of reasonable care; or the failure to abate any violation of such permit, the Act or regulations due to indifference, lack of diligence, or lack of reasonable care.
            (4) Willful violation means an intentional action or omission which violates the Act, regulations or permit conditions required under the Act.
            (5) Inspection as used in this section means any visit to the mine.
            (c) Order to show cause. (1) If the Director determines that a pattern of violations of any requirements of the Act, the regulations, or a permit condition imposed under the Act or regulations exists, or has existed, and that such violations are caused by the unwarranted failure of the permittee or were willful violations, the Director shall issue an order to the permittee to show cause why the permit should not be suspended or revoked.
            (2) The Director may determine that a pattern of violations exists or has existed, after considering the circumstances, including—
            (i) The number of willful violations or violations caused by unwarranted failure to comply with the same or related requirements of the Act, regulations, or permit conditions during two or more Federal inspections;
            (ii) The number of willful violations or violations caused by unwarranted failure to comply with different requirements of the Act, regulations, or permit conditions; and
            (iii) The extent to which the violations were isolated departures from lawful conduct.
            (3) Violations of the same or related requirements of the Act, regulations, or permit conditions required by the Act during three or more Federal inspections within any 12-month period which were either caused by the unwarranted failure of the permittee to comply with the Act, the regulations or permit conditions required by the Act, or were willful violations, shall constitute a pattern of violations. A show cause order shall issue unless the Director finds that it would not further enforcement of the performance standards of the Act.
            (d) Suspension or revocation of permit. (1) The order to show cause shall be issued and a public hearing, if requested, shall be conducted under the procedures of 43 CFR part 4.

            (2) If the Secretary finds that a pattern of violations exists or has existed, the permit and right to mine under this Act shall be either suspended or revoked and the permittee directed to complete necessary corrective measures and reclamation operations.
            (e) Whenever a permittee fails to abate a violation contained in a notice of violation or cessation order within the abatement period set in the notice or order or as subsequently extended, the Director shall review the permittee's history of violations to determine whether a pattern of violations exists pursuant to this section, and shall issue an order to show cause as appropriate pursuant to 30 CFR 723.15(b)(2).
            [42 FR 62701, Dec. 13, 1977 and 46 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980]

            § 722.17
            Inability to comply.
            (a) Neither a notice of violation nor a cessation order issued under this part may be vacated because of inability to comply.
            (b) A permittee may not be deemed to have shown good cause for not suspending or revoking a permit by showing inability to comply.
            (c) Unless caused by lack of diligence, inability to comply may be considered in mitigation of the amount of a civil penalty under part 723 of this chapter and of the duration of the suspension of the permit under § 722.16 of this part.

          Pt. 723
          PART 723—CIVIL PENALTIES

            Sec.
            723.1
            Scope.
            723.2
            Objective.
            723.11
            How assessments are made.
            723.12
            When penalty will be assessed.
            723.13
            Point system for penalties.
            723.14
            Determination of amount of penalty.
            723.15
            Assessment of separate violations for each day.
            723.16
            Waiver of use of formula to determine civil penalty.
            723.17
            Procedures for assessment of civil penalties.
            723.18
            Procedures for assessment conference.
            723.19
            Request for hearing.
            723.20
            Final assessment and payment of penalty.

            Authority:
            28 U.S.C. 2461, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., and 31 U.S.C. 3701.

            Source:
            45 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980, unless otherwise noted.

            § 723.1
            Scope.
            This part covers the assessment of civil penalties under section 518 of the Act for violations of a permit condition, any provision of Title V of the Act, or any implementing regulations, except for the assessment of individual civil penalties under section 518(f), which is covered by part 724. This part governs when a civil penalty is assessed and how the amount is determined, and sets forth applicable procedures. This part applies to cessation orders and notices of violation issued under part 722 of this chapter during a Federal inspection.
            [53 FR 3674, Feb. 8, 1988]

            § 723.2
            Objective.
            Civil penalties are assessed under section 518 of the Act and this part to deter violations and to ensure maximum compliance with the terms and purpose of the Act on the part of the coal mining industry.

            § 723.11
            How assessments are made.
            The Office shall review each notice of violation and cessation order in accordance with the assessment procedures described in §§ 723.12, 723.13, 723.14, 723.15, and 723.16 to determine whether a civil penalty will be assessed, the amount of the penalty, and whether each day of a continuing violation will be deemed a separate violation for purposes of the total penalty assessed.

            § 723.12
            When penalty will be assessed.
            (a) The Office shall assess a penalty for each cessation order.
            (b) The Office shall assess a penalty for each notice of violation, if the violation is assigned 31 points or more under the point system described in § 723.13.
            (c) The Office may assess a penalty for each notice of violation assigned 30 points or less under the point system described in § 723.13. In determining whether to assess a penalty, the Office shall consider the factors listed in § 723.13(b).

            § 723.13
            Point system for penalties.
            (a) The Office shall use the point system described in this section to determine the amount of the penalty and, in the case of notices of violation, whether a mandatory penalty should be assessed as provided in § 723.12(b).
            (b) Points shall be assigned as follows:
            (1) History of previous violations. The Office shall assign up to 30 points based on the history of previous violations. One point shall be assigned for each past violation contained in a notice of violations. Five points shall be assigned for each violation (but not a condition or practice) contained in a cessation order. The history of previous violations for the purpose of assigning points, shall be determined and the points assigned with respect to a particular surface coal mining operation. Points shall be assigned as follows:
            (i) A violation shall not be counted if the notice or order is the subject of pending administrative or judicial review or if the time to request such review or to appeal any administrative or judicial decision has not expired, and thereafter it shall be counted for only one year.
            (ii) No violation for which the notice or order has been vacated shall be counted; and
            (iii) Each violation shall be counted without regard to whether it led to a civil penalty assessment.
            (2) Seriousness. The Office shall assign up to 30 points based on the seriousness of the violation, as follows:
            (i) Probability of occurrence. The Office shall assign up to 15 points based on the probability of the occurrence of the event which a violated standard is designed to prevent. Points shall be assessed according to the following schedule:

              Probability of Occurrence

                Points

                None
                0

                Insignificant
                1-4

                Unlikely
                5-9

                Likely
                10-14

                Occurred
                15

            (ii) Extent of potential or actual damage. The Office shall assign up to 15 points, based on the extent of the potential or actual damage, in terms of area and impact on the public or environment, as follows:
            (A) If the damage or impact which the violated standard is designed to prevent would remain within the permit area, the Office shall assign zero to seven points, depending on the duration and extent of the damage or impact.
            (B) If the damage or impact which the violated standard is designed to prevent would extend outside the permit area, the Office shall assign eight to fifteen points, depending on the duration and extent of the damage or impact.
            (iii) Alternative. In the case of a violation of an administrative requirement, such as a requirement to keep records, the Office shall, in lieu of paragraphs (i) and (ii), assign up to 15 points for seriousness, based upon the extent to which enforcement is obstructed by the violation.
            (3) Negligence. (i) The Office shall assign up to 25 points based on the degree of fault of the person to whom the notice or order was issued in causing or failing to correct the violation, condition, or practice which led to the notice or order, either through act or omission. Points shall be assessed as follows:
            (A) A violation which occurs through no negligence shall be assigned no penalty points for negligence;
            (B) A violation which is caused by negligence shall be assigned 12 points or less, depending on the degree of negligence;
            (C) A violation which occurs through a greater degree of fault than negligence shall be assigned 13 to 25 points, depending on the degree of fault.
            (ii) In determining the degree of negligence involved in a violation and the number of points to be assigned, the following definitions apply:
            (A) No negligence means an inadvertent violation which was unavoidable by the exercise of reasonable care.
            (B) Negligence means the failure of a permittee to prevent the occurrence of any violation of his or her permit or any requirement of the Act or this chapter due to indifference, lack of diligence, or lack of reasonable care, or the failure to abate any violation of such permit or the Act due to indifference, lack of diligence, or lack of reasonable care.
            (C) A greater degree of fault than negligence means reckless, knowing, or intentional conduct.
            (iii) In calculating points to be assigned for negligence, the acts of all persons working on the surface coal mining and reclamation site shall be attributed to the person to whom the notice or order was issued, unless than person establishes that they were acts of deliberate sabotage.
            (4) Good faith in attemping to achieve compliance. (i) The Office shall add points based on the degree of good faith of the person to whom the notice or order was issued in attempting to achieve rapid compliance after notification of the violation. Points shall be assigned as follows:

              Degree of Good Faith

                Points

                Rapid compliance
                −1 to −10

                Normal compliance
                0

            (ii) The following definitions shall apply under paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section:
            (A) Rapid compliance means that the person to whom the notice or order was issued took extraordinary measures to abate the violation in the shortest possible time and that abatement was achieved before the time set for abatement.
            (B) Normal compliance means the person to whom the notice or order was issued abated the violation within the time given for abatement.
            (iii) If the consideration of this criterion is impractical because of the length of the abatement period, the assessment may be made without considering this criterion and may be reassessed after the violation has been abated.

            § 723.14
            Determination of amount of penalty.
            The Office shall determine the amount of any civil penalty by converting the total number of points assigned under 30 CFR 723.13 to a dollar amount, according to the following schedule:

                Points
                Dollars

                1
                68

                2
                137

                3
                206

                4
                274

                5
                342

                6
                411

                7
                479

                8
                546

                9
                616

                10
                685

                11
                752

                12
                821

                13
                888

                14
                958

                15
                1,028

                16
                1,095

                17
                1,163

                18
                1,233

                19
                1,301

                20
                1,369

                21
                1,438

                22
                1,506

                23
                1,574

                24
                1,642

                25
                1,711

                26
                2,054

                27
                2,396

                28
                2,736

                29
                2,949

                30
                3,423

                31
                3,764

                32
                4,106

                33
                4,449

                34
                4,791

                35
                5,133

                36
                5,475

                37
                5,819

                38
                6,160

                39
                6,502

                40
                6,843

                41
                7,188

                42
                7,529

                43
                7,870

                44
                8,213

                45
                8,555

                46
                8,898

                47
                9,239

                48
                9,583

                49
                9,924

                50
                10,266

                51
                10,607

                52
                10,952

                53
                11,294

                54
                11,635

                55
                11,979

                56
                12,320

                57
                12,661

                58
                13,003

                59
                13,347

                60
                13,688

                61
                14,030

                62
                14,373

                63
                14,716

                64
                15,058

                65
                15,399

                66
                15,743

                67
                16,084

                68
                16,426

                69
                16,768

                70
                17,112

            [45 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980, as amended at 62 FR 63276, Nov. 28, 1997; 66 FR 58646, Nov. 21, 2001; 70 FR 70700, Nov. 22, 2005; 74 FR 34492, July 15, 2009; 79 FR 18447, Apr. 2, 2014; 81 FR 44540, July 8, 2016; 82 FR 9353, Feb. 6, 2017; 83 FR 10615, Mar. 12, 2018; 84 FR 10675, Mar. 22, 2019; 85 FR 20835, Apr. 15, 2020]

            § 723.15
            Assessment of separate violations for each day.
            (a) The Office may assess separately a civil penalty for each day from the date of issuance of the notice of violation or cessation order to the date set for abatement of the violation. In determining whether to make such an assessment, the Office shall consider the factors listed in 30 CFR 723.13 and may consider the extent to which the person to whom the notice or order was issued gained any economic benefit as a result of a failure to comply. For any violation which continues for two or more days and which is assigned more than 70 points under 30 CFR 723.13(b), the Office shall assess a civil penalty for a minimum of two separate days.
            (b) In addition to the civil penalty provided for in paragraph (a) of this section, whenever a violation contained in a notice of violation or cessation order has not been abated within the abatement period set in the notice or order or as subsequently extended pursuant to section 521(a) of the Act, 30 U.S.C. 1271(a), a civil penalty of not less than $2,566 will be assessed for each day during which such failure to abate continues, except that:
            (1)(i) If suspension of the abatement requirements of the notice or order is ordered in a temporary relief proceeding under section 525(c) of the Act, after a determination that the person to whom the notice or order was issued will suffer irreparable loss or damage from the application of the requirements, the period permitted for abatement shall not end until the date on which the Office of Hearing and Appeals issues a final order with respect to the violation in question; and
            (ii) If the person to whom the notice or order was issued initiates review proceedings under section 526 of the Act with respect to the violation, in which the obligations to abate are suspended by the court pursuant to section 526(c) of the Act, the daily assessment of a penalty shall not be made for any period before entry of a final order by the court.
            (2) Such penalty for the failure to abate a violation shall not be assessed for more than 30 days for such violation. If the permittee has not abated the violation within the 30-day period, the Office shall take appropriate action pursuant to sections 518(e), 518(f), 521(a)(4) or 521(c) of the Act within 30 days to ensure that abatement occurs or to ensure that there will not be a reoccurrence of the failure to abate.
            [45 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980, as amended at 62 FR 63276, Nov. 28, 1997; 66 FR 58647, Nov. 21, 2001; 70 FR 70700, Nov. 22, 2005; 81 FR 44540, July 8, 2016; 82 FR 9354, Feb. 6, 2017; 83 FR 10616, Mar. 12, 2018; 84 FR 10675, Mar. 22, 2019; 85 FR 20835, Apr. 15, 2020]

            § 723.16
            Waiver of use of formula to determine civil penalty.
            (a) The Director, upon his own initiative or upon written request received within 15 days of issuance of a notice of violation or a cessation order, may waive the use of formula contained in 30 CFR 723.13 to set the civil penalty, if he or she determines that, taking into account exceptional factors present in the particular case, the penalty is demonstrably unjust. However, the Director shall not waive the use of the formula or reduce the proposed assessment on the basis of an argument that a reduction in the proposed penalty could be used to abate violations of the Act, this chapter, any applicable program, or any condition of any permit or exploration approval. The basis for every waiver shall be fully explained and documented in the records of the case.
            (b) If the Director waives the use of the formula, he or she shall use the criteria set forth in 30 CFR 723.13(b) to determine the appropriate penalty. When the Director has elected to waive the use of the formula, he or she shall give a written explanation of the basis for the assessment made to the person to whom the notice or order was issued.

            § 723.17
            Procedures for assessment of civil penalties.

            (a) Within 15 days of service of a notice or order, the person to whom it was issued may submit written information about the violation to the Office and to the inspector who issued the notice of violation or cessation order. The Office shall consider any information so submitted in determining the facts surrounding the violation and the amount of the penalty.
            (b) The Office shall serve a copy of the proposed assessment and of the work sheet showing the computation of the proposed assessment on the person to whom the notice or order was issued, by certified mail, or by any alternative means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons and complaint under Rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, within 30 days of the issuance of the notice or order. If a copy of the proposed assessment and work sheet or the certified mail is tendered at the address of that person set forth in the sign required under 30 CFR 715.12(b) or at any address at which that person is in fact located, and he or she refuses to accept delivery or to collect such documents, the requirements of this paragraph shall be deemed to have been complied with upon such tender.
            (c) Unless a conference has been requested, the Office shall review and reassess any penalty if necessary to consider facts which were not reasonably available on the date of issuance of the proposed assessment because of the length of the abatement period. The Office shall serve a copy of any such reassessment and of the worksheet showing the computation of the reassessment in the manner provided in paragraph (b) of this section, within 30 days after the date the violation is abated.
            [45 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980, as amended at 56 FR 28445, June 20, 1991]

            § 723.18
            Procedures for assessment conference.
            (a) The Office shall arrange for a conference to review the proposed assessment or reassessment, upon written request of the person to whom the notice or order was issued, if the request is received within 30 days from the date the proposed assessment or reassessment is received.
            (b)(1) The Office shall assign a conference officer to hold the assessment conference. The assessment conference shall not be governed by section 554 of title 5 of the United States Code, regarding requirements for formal adjudicatory hearings. The assessment conference shall be held within 60 days from the date the conference request is received or the end of the abatement period, whichever is later.
            (2) The Office shall post notice of the time and place of the conference at the regional, district or field office closest to the mine at least 5 days before the conference. Any person shall have a right to attend and participate in the conference.
            (3) The conference officer shall consider all relevant information on the violation. Within 30 days after the conference is held, the conference officer shall either:
            (i) Settle the issues, in which case a settlement agreement shall be prepared and signed by the conference officer on behalf of the Office and by the person assessed; or
            (ii) Affirm, raise, lower, or vacate the penalty.
            (4) An increase or reduction of a proposed civil penalty assessment of more than 25 percent and more than $500 shall not be final and binding on the Secretary, until approved by the Director or his designee.
            (c) The conference officer shall promptly serve the person assessed with a notice of his or her action in the manner provided in 30 CFR 723.17(b) and shall include a worksheet if the penalty has been raised or lowered. The reasons for the conference officer's action shall be fully documented in the file.
            (d)(1) If a settlement agreement is entered into, the person assessed will be deemed to have waived all rights to further review of the violation or penalty in question, except as otherwise expressly provided for in the settlement agreement. The settlement agreement shall contain a clause to this effect.

            (2) If full payment of the amount specified in the settlement agreement is not received by the Office within 30 days after the date of signing, the Office may enforce the agreement or rescind it and proceed according to paragraph (b)(3)(ii) of this section within 30 days from the date of the rescission.

            (e) The conference officer may terminate the conference when he determines that the issues cannot be resolved or that the person assessed is not diligently working toward resolution of the issues.
            [45 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980, as amended at 53 FR 3674, Feb. 8, 1988; 56 FR 10063, Mar. 8, 1991]

            § 723.19
            Request for hearing.
            (a) The person charged with the violation may contest the proposed penalty or the fact of the violation by submitting a petition and an amount equal to the proposed penalty or, if a conference has been held, the reassessed or affirmed penalty to the Office of Hearings and Appeals (to be held in escrow as provided in paragraph (b) of this section) within 30 days from receipt of the proposed assessment or reassessment or 30 days from the date of service of the conference officer's action, whichever is later. The fact of the violation may not be contested, if it has been decided in a review proceeding commenced under section 525 of the Act and 43 CFR part 4.
            (b) The Office of Hearings and Appeals shall transfer all funds submitted under paragraph (a) of this section to the Office, which shall hold them in escrow pending completion of the administrative and judicial review process, at which time it shall disburse them as provided in 30 CFR 723.20.
            [45 FR 58783, Sept. 4, 1980, as amended at 56 FR 10063, Mar. 8, 1991]

            § 723.20
            Final assessment and payment of penalty.
            (a) If the person to whom a notice of violation or cessation order is issued fails to request a hearing as provided in 30 CFR 723.19, the proposed assessment shall become a final order of the Secretary and the penalty assessed shall become due and payable upon expiration of the time allowed to request a hearing.
            (b) If any party requests judicial review of a final order of the Secretary, the proposed penalty shall continue to be held in escrow until completion of the review. Otherwise, subject to paragraph (c) of this section, the escrowed funds shall be transferred to the Office in payment of the penalty, and the escrow shall end.
            (c) If the final decision in the administrative and judicial review results in an order or eliminating the proposed penalty assessed under this part, the Office shall within 30 days of receipt of the order refund to the person assessed all or part of the escrowed account, with interest from the date of payment into escrow to the date of the refund at the rate of 6 percent or at the prevailing Department of the Treasury rate, whichever is greater.
            (d) If the review results in an order increasing the penalty, the person to whom the notice or order was issued shall pay the difference to the Office within 15 days after the order is mailed to such person.

          Pt. 724
          PART 724—INDIVIDUAL CIVIL PENALTIES

            Sec.
            724.1
            Scope.
            724.12
            When an individual civil penalty may be assessed.
            724.14
            Amount of individual civil penalty.
            724.17
            Procedure for assessment of individual civil penalty.
            724.18
            Payment of penalty.

            Authority:
            28 U.S.C. 2461, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., and 31 U.S.C. 3701.

            Source:
            53 FR 3674, Feb. 8, 1988, unless otherwise noted.

            § 724.1
            Scope.
            This part covers the assessment of individual civil penalties under section 518(f) of the Act.

            § 724.12
            When an individual civil penalty may be assessed.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the Office may assess an individual civil penalty against any corporate director, officer or agent of a corporate permittee who knowingly and willfully authorized, ordered or carried out a violation, failure or refusal.

            (b) The Office shall not assess an individual civil penalty in situations resulting from a permit violation by a corporate permittee until a cessation order has been issued by the Office to the corporate permittee for the violation, and the cessation order has remained unabated for 30 days.

            § 724.14
            Amount of individual civil penalty.
            (a) In determining the amount of an individual civil penalty assessed under § 724.12, the Office shall consider the criteria specified in § 518(a) of the Act, including:
            (1) The individual's history of authorizing, ordering or carrying out previous violations, failures or refusals at the particular surface coal mining operation;
            (2) The seriousness of the violation, failure or refusal (as indicated by the extent of damage and/or the cost of reclamation), including any irreparable harm to the environment and any hazard to the health or safety of the public; and
            (3) The demonstrated good faith of the individual charged in attempting to achieve rapid compliance after notice of the violation, failure or refusal.
            (b) The penalty will not exceed $17,112 for each violation. Each day of a continuing violation may be deemed a separate violation and the Office may assess a separate individual civil penalty for each day the violation, failure or refusal continues, from the date of service of the underlying notice of violation, cessation order or other order incorporated in a final decision issued by the Secretary, until abatement or compliance is achieved.
            [53 FR 3674, Feb. 8, 1988, as amended at 62 FR 63276, Nov. 28, 1997; 70 FR 70701, Nov. 22, 2005; 74 FR 34493, July 15, 2009; 79 FR 18447, Apr. 2, 2014; 81 FR 44541, July 8, 2016; 82 FR 9354, Feb. 6, 2017; 83 FR 10616, Mar. 12, 2018; 84 FR 10676, Mar. 22, 2019; 85 FR 20835, Apr. 15, 2020]

            § 724.17
            Procedure for assessment of individual civil penalty.
            (a) Notice. The Office shall serve on each individual to be assessed an individual civil penalty a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment, including a narrative explanation of the reasons for the penalty, the amount to be assessed, and a copy of any underlying notice of violation and cessation order.
            (b) Final order and opportunity for review. The notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment shall become a final order of the Secretary 30 days after service upon the individual unless:

            (1) The individual files within 30 days of service of the notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment a petition for review with the Hearings Division, Office of Hearings and Appeals, U.S. Department of the Interior, 801 North Quincy Street, Arlington, Virginia 22203 (Phone: 703-235-3800), in accordance with 43 CFR 4.1300 et seq.; or
            (2) The Office and the individual or responsible corporate permittee agree within 30 days of service of the notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment to a schedule or plan for the abatement or correction of the violation, failure or refusal.
            (c) Service. For purposes of this section, service shall be performed on the individual to be assessed an individual civil penalty, by certified mail, or by any alternative means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons and complaint under rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Service shall be complete upon tender of the notice of proposed assessment and included information or of the certified mail and shall not be deemed incomplete because of refusal to accept.
            [53 FR 3674, Feb. 8, 1988, as amended at 56 FR 28445, June 20, 1991; 67 FR 5204, Feb. 5, 2002]

            § 724.18
            Payment of penalty.
            (a) No abatement or appeal. If a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment becomes a final order in the absence of a petition for review or abatement agreement, the penalty shall be due upon issuance of the final order.
            (b) Appeal. If an individual named in a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment files a petition for review in accordance with 43 CFR 4.1300 et seq., the penalty shall be due upon issuance of a final administrative order affirming, increasing or decreasing the proposed penalty.
            (c) Abatement agreement. Where the Office and the corporate permittee or individual have agreed in writing on a plan for the abatement of or compliance with the unabated order, an individual named in a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment may postpone payment until receiving either a final order from the Office stating that the penalty is due on the date of such final order, or written notice that abatement or compliance is satisfactory and the penalty has been withdrawn.
            (d) Delinquent payment. Following the expiration of 30 days after the issuance of a final order assessing an individual civil penalty, any delinquent penalty shall be subject to interest at the rate established by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for late charges on late payments to the Federal Government. The Treasury current value of funds rate is published by the Fiscal Service in the notices section of the Federal Register and on Treasury's Web site. Interest on unpaid penalties will run from the date payment first was due until the date of payment. Failure to pay overdue penalties may result in one or more of the actions specified in § 870.23(a) through (f) of this chapter. Delinquent penalties are subject to late payment penalties specified in § 870.21(c) of this chapter and processing and handling charges specified in § 870.21(d) of this chapter.
            [53 FR 3674, Feb. 8, 1988, as amended at 73 FR 67630, Nov. 14, 2008]

          Pt. 725
          PART 725—REIMBURSEMENTS TO STATES

            Sec.
            725.1
            Scope.
            725.2
            Objectives.
            725.3
            Authority.
            725.4
            Responsibility.
            725.5
            Definitions.
            725.10
            Information collection.
            725.11
            Eligibility.
            725.12
            Coverage of grants.
            725.13
            Amount of grants.
            725.14
            Grant periods.
            725.15
            Grant application procedures.
            725.16
            Grant agreement.
            725.17
            Grant amendments.
            725.18
            Grant reduction and termination.
            725.19
            Audit.
            725.20
            Administrative procedures.
            725.21
            Allowable costs.
            725.22
            Financial management.
            725.23
            Reports.
            725.24
            Records.
            725.25
            Disclosure of information.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201, 501, and 502, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201).

            Source:
            42 FR 62704, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted.

            § 725.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth policies and procedures for reimbursements to States for costs of enforcing the initial performance standards set forth in this chapter.

            § 725.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of assistance under this part are:
            (a) To assist the States in meeting the increased costs of administering the initial performance standards.
            (b) To encourage the States to build strong reclamation and enforcement programs.

            § 725.3
            Authority.
            Section 502(e)(4) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1201) authorizes the Secretary to reimburse States for costs of enforcing the performance standards of the initial regulatory program.

            § 725.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) The Director shall administer the grant program for reimbursement to States for costs of enforcing performance standards during the initial regulatory program.
            (b) The Director or his authorized designee shall receive, review and approve grant applications under this part.
            [42 FR 62704, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part, the following terms have the specified meanings:

              Agency means the State agency designated by the Governor to receive and administer grants under this part.

              Base program means the State program to regulate surface coal mining prior to August 3, 1977.

            § 725.10
            Information collection.

            The information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR 725.15, 725.23(a) and 725.24 have fewer than 10 respondents per year, they are exempt from the requirements of the Paperwork Reduction Act (44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.) and do not require clearance by OMB.
            [47 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.11
            Eligibility.
            (a) Assumption of responsibility. To be eligible for a grant for reimbursements for the cost of enforcing performance standards during the initial regulatory program the State shall assume responsibility for enforcement of the initial regulatory program including the specific responsibilities identified under § 710.4(b) and part 720 of this chapter.
            (b) Designation of State agency. In order to receive a grant for reimbursements for costs of enforcing performance standards during the initial regulatory program, the Governor of a State shall designate in writing one agency to submit grant applications, receive and administer grants under this part.
            (c) Periods covered by reimbursement grants. An agency may apply for a reimbursement grant for any period during the initial regulatory program and for a reasonable start-up period beginning no later than August 3, 1977.

            § 725.12
            Coverage of grants.
            An agency may use grant money under this part to cover costs in excess of the base program for administering and enforcing the initial regulatory program. The Director or his authorized designee shall determine the base program from the State fiscal year budget in effect on August 3, 1977. Costs of the following items are eligible for reimbursement—
            (a) Incorporation of the initial performance standards of this chapter in new permits issued by the State.
            (b) Modification of existing permits to include the initial performance standards of this chapter.
            (c) Additional inspections required to enforce the initial performance standards of this chapter.
            (d) Inspections which are more detailed than inspections before the initial regulatory program.
            (e) Responses to complaints related to the initial performance standards of this chapter.
            (f) Enforcement actions required to secure compliance with the initial performance standards of this chapter.
            (g) Additional administrative activities and supporting costs related to hiring additional inspectors and other personnel, revising permits, conducting inspections, preparing, copying and submitting reports required by part 720, and submitting applications for reimbursement grants under this part.
            (h) Additional equipment required for inspection or support of inspections, as follows:
            (1) An agency may charge any required item of equipment to the grant on a use bases in accordance with the principles set forth in Federal Management Circular 74-4, “Cost principles applicable to grants and contracts with State and local governments” (34 CFR part 255).
            (2) An agency may purchase equipment, with grant funds where cost recovery through use charges is prohibited, made impractical or more costly than purchase by existing State laws or procedures.
            [42 FR 62704, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 45 FR 34880, May 23, 1980]

            § 725.13
            Amount of grants.
            The Office shall pay up to 100 percent of the costs to the agency in excess of the base program for administering and enforcing the performance standards during the initial regulatory program.

            § 725.14
            Grant periods.
            The Director or his authorized designee shall normally approve a grant for a period of one year or less. OSM shall fund a program that extends over more than one year by consecutive annual grants or amendments to the existing grant.
            [47 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.15
            Grant application procedures.
            (a) The agency may submit its application (three copies) for a grant to the Director or his authorized designee at least sixty days prior to the beginning of the intended grant period, or as soon thereafter as possible.

            (b) The agency shall use the application forms and procedures applicable to non-construction and/or construction programs specified by OSM in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, “Uniform administrative requirements for grants-in-aid to State and local governments” (42 FR 45828). No preapplication is required. Each application must include the following:
            (1) Part I, Application Form coversheet, SF 424.
            (2) Part II, Project Approval Information.
            (i) For non-construction grants use Form OSM-50A, Project Approval Information—Section A.
            (ii) For construction grants use Form OSM-50A, Project Approval Information—Section A and Form OSM-50B, Project Approval Information—Section B.
            (3) Part III, Budget Information.
            (i) For non-construction grants use Form OSM-47, Budget Information Report, with a narrative explanation of computations.
            (ii) For construction grants use Form OSM-48, Budget Information—Construction with a narrative explanation of computations.
            (4) Part IV, Program Narrative Statement, Form OSM-51, providing the narrative for the goals to be achieved for both construction and non-construction grants.
            (i) Form OSM-51 is supplemented by completion of column 5A of Forms OSM-51A and OSM-51B which reports the quantitative program management information of the Interim Regulatory grants.
            (ii) Form OSM-51 is supplemented by completion of Column 5A of Form OSM-51C which reports the quantitative program management information of the Small Operator Program Administration and Operational grants.
            (5) Part V, The standard assurance for non-construction activities or construction activities as specified in Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, Attachment M.
            (c) The agency shall include sufficient information to enable the Director or his authorized designee to determine the agency's base program and increases over the base program eligible for reimbursement grants. The agency shall include the following information, plus any other relevant data:
            (1) A summary of the State permit, inspection and enforcement program prior to the addition of the requirements of the Act of 1977, including—
            (i) Permit requirements and the system for issuing permits;
            (ii) Mining-and-reclamation plan requirements;
            (iii) Coverage and frequency of inspections;
            (iv) Actions required to enforce mining and reclamation requirements;
            (v) The number and nature of responses to complaints; and
            (vi) Other regulatory activities and related administrative functions affected by the performance standards of the initial regulatory program of this chapter.
            (2) A statement of the number of employees and annual budget required to carry out functions described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
            (3) A copy of all State constitutional, statutory and regulatory provisions applicable to the enforcement and administration of the initial regulatory program.
            (4) An opinion of the State's chief legal officer as to whether and to what extent the State is authorized to enforce and administer the initial regulatory program.
            (5) A statement of the additional work required to enforce the initial regulatory program for each of the agency activities described in paragraph (c)(1) of this section.
            (6) The additional staff and funds required for the increased workload described in paragraph (c)(5) of this section.
            (7) The number and types of major equipment (equipment with a unit acquisition cost of $500 or more and having a life of more than two years) which the agency plans to purchase with grant funds.
            (d) The Director or his authorized designee may waive the resubmission of information required by paragraphs (c) (1), (2), (3) and (4) of this section in applications for the following grants.

            (e) The Director or his authorized designee shall notify the agency within thirty days after the receipt of a complete application, or as soon thereafter as possible, whether it is or is not approved. If the application is not approved, the Director or his authorized designee shall set forth in writing the reasons it is not approved, and may propose modifications if appropriate. The agency may resubmit the application within thirty days. The Director or his authorized designee shall process the revised application as an original application.
            [42 FR 62704, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.16
            Grant agreement.
            (a) If a Director or his authorized designee approves an agency's grant application, the Director or his authorized designee shall prepare a grant agreement which includes—
            (1) The approved scope of the program to be covered by the grant, including functions to be accomplished by other agencies.
            (2) The base program budget and estimated costs in excess of the base program.
            (3) The amount of the grant.
            (4) Commencement and completion dates for the segment of the program covered by this grant and for major phases of the program to be completed during the grant period.
            (5) Permissible transfers of funds to other State agencies.
            (b) The Director or his authorized designee shall limit grants under this part to the additional costs to an agency for administering and enforcing the initial regulatory program.
            (c) The Director or his authorized designee may permit the agency to assign functions and funds to other State agencies. The Director or his authorized designee shall require the grantee agency to retain responsibility for overall administration of the grant, including use of funds, accomplishment of functions and reporting.
            (d) Except as may be provided by the grant agreement, costs may not be incurred prior to the execution of the agreement.
            (e) The Director or his authorized designee shall transmit four copies of the grant agreement, by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the agency for signature. The agency shall execute the grant agreement and return all copies within 3 calendar weeks after receipt, or within an extension of such time that may be granted by the Director or his authorized designee.
            (f) The Director or his authorized designee shall sign the grant agreement upon its return from the agency and return one copy to the agency. The grant is effective and constitutes an obligation of Federal funds in the amount and for the purposes stated in the grant agreement at the time the Director or his authorized designee signs the agreement.
            (g) Neither the approval of a program nor the award of any grant will commit or obligate the United States to award any continuation grant or to enter into any grant amendment, including grant increases to cover cost overruns.

            § 725.17
            Grant amendments.
            (a) A grant amendment is a written alteration to the grant amount, grant terms or conditions, budget or period, or other administrative, technical, or financial agreement whether accomplished on the initiative of the agency or the Director or his authorized designee or by mutual action of the agency and the Director or his authorized designee.
            (b) The agency shall promptly notify the Director or his authorized designee in writing of events or proposed changes which require a grant amendment, such as:
            (1) Rebudgeting;
            (2) Changes which may affect the approved scope or objective of a program; or
            (3) Changes which may increase or substantially decrease the total cost of a program.
            (c) The Director or his authorized designee shall approve or disapprove each proposed amendment within 30 days of receipt, or as soon thereafter as possible, and shall notify the agency in writing of the approval or disapproval of the amendment.

            (d) The date the Director or his authorized designee signs the grant amendment establishes the effective date of the action. If no time period is specified in the grant amendment then the amendment applies to the entire grant period.
            [42 FR 62704, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.18
            Grant reduction and termination.
            (a) Conditions for reduction or termination. (1) If an agency fails to carry out its responsibilities pursuant to § 710.4(b) and part 720 of this chapter the Director or his authorized designee shall reduce or terminate the grant.
            (2) If an agency violates the terms of a grant agreement, the Director or his authorized designee may reduce or terminate the grant.
            (3) If an agency fails to enforce the initial performance standards of this chapter the Director or his authorized designee may reduce or terminate the grant.
            (4) If an agency is not in compliance with the following nondiscrimination provisions, the Director or his authorized designee shall terminate the grant—
            (i) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (78 Stat. 252), Nondiscrimination in Federally Assisted Programs, which provides that no person in the United States shall on the grounds of race, color or national origin be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance, and the implementing regulations at 43 CFR 17.
            (ii) Executive Order 11246, as amended by Executive Order 11375, Equal Employment Opportunity, requiring that employees or applicants for employment not be discriminated against because of race, creed, color, sex or national orgin, and the implementing regulations at 41 CFR 60.
            (iii) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended by Executive Order 11914, Nondiscrimination with Respect to the Handicapped in Federally Assisted Programs.
            (5) If an agency fails to enforce the financial interest provisions of part 705 of this chapter the Director shall terminate the grant.
            (6) If an agency fails to submit reports required by this part or parts 705 and 720 of this chapter the Director shall reduce or terminate the grant.
            (b) Grant reduction and termination procedures. (1) The Director or his authorized designee shall give at least 10 days written notice to the agency by certified mail, return receipt requested, of intent to reduce or terminate a grant. The Director or his authorized designee shall include in the notice the reasons for the proposed action and the proposed effective date of the action.
            (2) The Director or his authorized designee shall afford the agency opportunity for consultation and remedial action prior to reducing or terminating a grant.
            (3) The Director or his authorized designee shall notify the agency of the termination or reduction of the grant in writing by certified mail, return reciept requested.
            (4) Upon termination the agency shall refund or credit to the United States that portion of the grant money paid or owed to the agency and allocated to the terminated portion of the grant. However any portion of the grant that is required to meet commitments made prior to the effective date of termination shall be retained by the agency.
            (5) Upon termination, the agency shall reduce the amount of outstanding commitments insofar as possible and report to the Director or his authorized designee the uncommitted balance of funds awarded under the grant.
            (6) Upon notification of intent to terminate, the agency shall not make any new commitments without the approval of the Director or his authorized designee.
            (7) The Director or his authorized designee may allow termination costs as determined by applicable Federal cost principles listed in Federal management Circular 74-4.
            (c) Appeals. (1) An Agency may appeal the Director or his authorized designee's decision to reduce or terminate a grant to the Director within 30 days of the Director or his authorized designee's decision.
            (2) An Agency shall include in an appeal:
            (i) The decision being appealed, and

            (ii) The facts which the Agency believes justify a reversal or modification of the decision.
            (3) The Director shall act on appeals within 30 days of their receipt, or as soon thereafter as possible.

            § 725.19
            Audit.
            The agency shall arrange for an independent audit no less frequently than once every two years, pursuant to the requirements of Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, Attachment P. The audits will be performed in accordance with the “Standards for Audit of Governmental Organizations, Programs, Activities, and Functions” and the “Guidelines for Financial and Compliance Audits of Federally Assisted Programs” published by the Comptroller General of the United States and guidance provided by the cognizant Federal audit agency.
            [48 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1983]

            § 725.20
            Administrative procedures.
            The Agency shall follow administrative procedures governing accounting, payment property, and related requirements contained in Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102.

            § 725.21
            Allowable costs.
            (a) The Director or his authorized designee shall determine costs which may be reimbursed according to Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-87.
            (b) Costs must be in conformity with any limitations conditions or exclusions set forth in the grant agreement or this part.
            (c) Costs must be allocated to the grant to the extent of benefit properly attributable to the period covered by the grant.
            (d) Costs must not be allocated to or included as a cost of any other federally assisted program.
            [42 FR 62704, Dec. 13, 1977, as amended at 47 FR 38490, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.22
            Financial management.
            (a) The agency shall account for grant funds in accordance with the requirements of Office of Management and Budget Circular A-102. An agency shall use generally accepted accounting principles and practices, consistently applied. Accounting for grant funds must be accurate and current.
            (b) The agency shall adequately safeguard all funds, property, and other assets and shall assure that they are used solely for authorized purposes.
            (c) The agency shall provide a comparison of actual amounts spent with budgeted amounts for each grant.
            (d) When advances are made by a letter-of-credit method, the agency shall make drawdowns from the U.S. Treasury through its commercial bank as closely as possible to the time of making the disbursements.
            (e) The agency shall support accounting records by source documentation.
            (f) The agency shall design a systematic method to assure timely and appropriate resolution of audit findings and recommendations.

            § 725.23
            Reports.
            (a) The agency shall, for each grant made under this part, submit semiannually to the Director or his authorized designee a Financial Status Report, SF 269, for non-construction grant activities in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, Attachment H and OSM requirements. This report shall be accompanied by a Performance Report, Form OSM-51, comparing actual accomplishments to the goals established for the period, prepared according to Attachment I of OMB Circular No. A-102 and OSM requirements. The agency shall also submit semiannually a separate Outlay Report and Request for Reimbursement for Construction Programs, SF 271, and accompanying narrative performance report comparing actual accomplishments with planned goals on grant funded construction activities.

            (b) The Director or his authorized designee shall require through the grant agreement that semiannual reports also describe the relationship of financial information to performance and productivity data, including unit cost information. This quantitative information will be reported on Forms OSM-51A and OSM-51B or OSM-51C, Quantitative Program Management Information, as applicable.

            (c) The Director or his authorized designee shall require that when a grant is closed out in accordance with Attachment L to Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102 the following actions are taken:
            (1) The grantee shall account for any property acquired with grant funds or received from the Government in accordance with the provisions of Attachment N to Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102. This may be accomplished by the submission of the Report of Government Property, Form OSM-60.
            (2) The grantee shall submit a final financial report and thus release OSM from obligations under each grant or cooperative agreement that is being closed out.
            [47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 725.24
            Records.
            (a) The agency shall maintain complete records in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102. This includes books, records, documents, maps, and other evidence and accounting procedures and practices, sufficient to reflect properly—
            (1) The amount, receipt, and disposition by the agency of all assistance received for the program.
            (2) The total costs of the program, including all direct and indirect costs of whatever nature incurred for the performance of the program for which the grant has been awarded.
            (b) Subgrantees and contractors, including contractors for professional services, shall maintain books, documents, papers, maps, and records which are pertinent to a specific grant award.
            (c) The agency's records and the records of its subgrantees and contractors, including professional services contracts, shall be subject at all reasonable times to inspection, reproduction, copying, and audit by the Office, the Department of the Interior, the Comptroller General of the United States, the Department of Labor, or any authorized representative.
            (d) For completed or terminated grants, the agency, subgrantees and contractors shall preserve and make their records available to the Office, the Department of the Interior, the Comptroller General of the United States, Department of Labor, or any authorized representative pursuant to OMB Circular A-102.

            § 725.25
            Disclosure of information.
            All grant applications received by the Director or his authorized designee constitute agency records. As such, their release may be requested by any member of the public under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552), and shall be disclosed unless exempt from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b).

        SUBCHAPTER C—PERMANENT REGULATORY PROGRAMS FOR NON-FEDERAL AND NON-INDIAN LANDS

          Pt. 730
          PART 730—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

            Sec.
            730.1
            Scope.
            730.5
            Definitions.
            730.11
            Inconsistent and more stringent State laws and regulations.
            730.12
            Requirements for regulatory programs in States.

            Authority:
            Secs. 501(b), 503, 504, 505 and 521 of Pub. L. 95-87 (30 U.S.C. 1251(b), 1253, 1254, 1255 and 1271).

            § 730.1
            Scope.
            This subchapter sets forth standards and procedures for the submission, review, and approval or disapproval of State programs, for coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Indian and non-Federal lands. In addition it sets forth criteria and procedures for amending approved programs, substituting Federal enforcement for State enforcement of State programs, and withdrawing approval of those programs not adequately implemented or maintained. Requirements are also included for State program grants and for the adoption of a Federal program in a State which does not have a State program or which has failed to implement, enforce or maintain an approved State program consistent with this subchapter.
            [44 FR 15323, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 730.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this subchapter unless otherwise indicated Consistent with and in accordance with mean:
            (a) With regard to the Act, the State laws and regulations are no less stringent than, meet the minimum requirements of and include all applicable provisions of the Act.
            (b) With regard to the Secretary's regulations, the State laws and regulations are no less effective than the Secretary's regulations in meeting the requirements of the Act.
            [44 FR 15323, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 53384, Oct. 28, 1981]

            § 730.11
            Inconsistent and more stringent State laws and regulations.

            (a) No State law or regulation shall be superseded by any provision of the Act or the regulations of this chapter, except to the extent that the State law or regulation is inconsistent with, or precludes implementation of, requirements of the Act or this chapter. The Director shall publish a notice of proposed action in the Federal Register setting forth the text or a summary of any State law or regulation initially determined by him to be inconsistent with the Act or this chapter. The notice shall provide 30 days for public comment. Following the close of the public comment period, the Director shall make a final determination which shall be published in the Federal Register.

            (b) Any State law or regulation which provides for more stringent land use and environmental controls and regulations of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations than do the provisions of the Act and this chapter, or which provides for the control and regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations for which no provision is contained in the Act or this chapter, shall not be construed to be inconsistent with the Act or this chapter.
            [44 FR 15323, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26364, June 17, 1982]

            § 730.12
            Requirements for regulatory programs in States.

            (a) Not later than January 3, 1981, for each State in which coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations are or may be conducted on non-Federal and non-Indian land, either a State program or a Federal program adopted under this subchapter shall be in effect. However, the inability of a State to take any action the purpose of which is to prepare, submit or enforce a State program, or any part thereof, because the action is enjoined by the issuance of an injunction by any court of competent jurisdiction shall not result in the imposition of a Federal program for regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations. Regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations covered or to be covered by the State program subject to an injunction shall be conducted by the State pursuant to section 502 of the Act until such time as the injunction terminates or for one year from issuance of the injunction, whichever is shorter, at which time the requirements of sections 503 and 504 shall again be fully applicable. States in which no coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations are in existence or planned on January 3, 1981, on non-Federal and non-Indian lands but in which such exploration or operations may occur at some later date, shall have a State or Federal program in effect before commencement of any such exploration or operations.
            (b) The State shall notify the Director of the issuance of any injunction which prevents or prohibits the State from preparing, submitting or enforcing a State program or portion thereof.
            [44 FR 15323, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 33927, May 20, 1980]

          Pt. 731
          PART 731—SUBMISSION OF STATE PROGRAMS

            Sec.
            731.1
            Scope.
            731.12
            Submission of State programs.
            731.14
            Content requirements for program submissions.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15324, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            § 731.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes standards and procedures for the preparation and submission of State programs.

            § 731.12
            Submission of State programs.
            Each State that wishes to regulate coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within its boundaries shall submit three copies of a proposed program to the Director. A State may submit a proposed program at any time. The State shall retain sufficient copies of the program for public inspection under § 732.11(a).
            [47 FR 26364, June 17, 1982]

            § 731.14
            Content requirements for program submissions.
            The program shall demonstrate that the State has the capability of carrying out the provisions of the Act and this chapter and achieving their purposes by providing a complete description of the system for implementing, administering and enforcing a State program including, at a minimum—
            (a) A copy of the State laws in effect at the time of submission of the program which regulate coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations, a copy of any State regulations promulgated to implement and enforce those State laws and any amendments to State laws and regulations which are in the process of enactment and have been determined by the State to be essential to allow for program approval;
            (b) Copies of other State laws and regulations directly affecting the regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations, and amendments to such other laws or regulations which affect the regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations which are being considered or are pending;
            (c)(1) A legal opinion from the Attorney General of the State or chief legal officer of the State regulatory authority stating that the State has the legal authority under existing laws and regulations, or will have authority under amendments to laws and regulations which are in the process of enactment, to implement, administer and enforce the program and to regulate coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations in accordance with the Act and consistent with this chapter.
            (2) A section-by-section comparison of the State's law and regulations and amendments which are in the process of enactment with the Act and this chapter, explaining any differences and their legal effect;

            (d) A copy of the legal document which designates one State agency as the regulatory authority and authorizes that agency to implement, administer and enforce a State program and to submit grant applications and receive and administer grants under this subchapter;
            (e)(1) A description, including appropriate charts, of the existing and proposed structural organization of the agency designated as the regulatory authority and of other agencies or applicable divisions or departments of those agencies which will have duties in the State program. The description must indicate the coordination system between these agencies and lines of authority and the staffing functions within each agency and between agencies.
            (2) A summary table of the existing and proposed State program staff, showing job functions, title and required job experience and training, and a description of how the staffing proposed for the State program will be adequate to carry out the functions, including permitting, inspection and legal actions for the projected workload to ensure that coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations will be regulated in accordance with the requirements of the Act and this chapter;
            (f) A copy of supporting agreements between agencies which will have duties in the State program;
            (g) Narrative descriptions, flow charts or other appropriate documents of the proposed systems for—
            (1) Receiving notices of intention to explore and applications for new, revised or renewed approvals for coal exploration and permits for surface coal mining and reclamation operations, reviewing those applications, approving or disapproving requests for exploration approvals, permits, permit revisions and renewals;
            (2) Assessing fees for permit applications;
            (3) Implementing, administering and enforcing a system of performance bonds and liability insurance or other equivalent guarantees;
            (4) Inspecting and monitoring coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations including provisions for public participation in the process;
            (5) Enforcing the administrative, civil and criminal sanctions of State laws and regulations for violation of any requirement of those laws relating to the regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations;
            (6) Administering and enforcing the permanent program performance standards;
            (7) Assessing and collecting civil penalties;
            (8) Issuing public notices and holding public hearings;
            (9) Coordinating issuance of permits required under the Act and this chapter with other State, Federal and local agencies;
            (10) Consulting with State and Federal agencies having responsibility for the protection or management of fish and wildlife and related environmental values.
            (11) Designating lands unsuitable for surface coal mining operations, including provisions for terminating those designations and for public participation in the designation process;
            (12) Monitoring, reviewing and enforcing restrictions against direct and indirect financial interests of State employees in surface coal mining and reclamation operations;
            (13) Training, examining and certifying blasters, except that no State program is required to implement this provision until six months after the Federal regulations for the provision have been promulgated;
            (14) Providing for public participation in the development, revision and enforcement of State regulations, the State program, and permits under the State program;
            (15) Providing administrative and judicial review of actions provided for in the State program including inspection and enforcement actions; and
            (16) Providing the determination of probable hydrologic consequences and the statement of the results of test borings or core samples required by section 507(c) of the Act.

            (17) Consulting with State, Federal, and local agencies having responsibility for historic, cultural, and archeological resources, and for making decisions regarding such resources.

            (h) Statistical information describing coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations in the State, adequate to demonstrate that the provisions of the State program and the resources available to it are sufficient when compared to the current and projected coal mining activities in the State;
            (i) A description of the actual capital and operating budget, including source of funds, used or proposed to be used to administer the State program for the prior and current fiscal years, and the projected annual budget for each of the next two fiscal years, assuming supplemental funding pursuant to an approved State program and grants under 30 CFR part 735; and a description of the existing and proposed physical resources for use in the program.
            [44 FR 15324, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26364, June 17, 1982; 48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983; 52 FR 4261, Feb. 10, 1987]

          Pt. 732
          PART 732—PROCEDURES AND CRITERIA FOR APPROVAL OR DISAPPROVAL OF STATE PROGRAM SUBMISSIONS

            Sec.
            732.1
            Scope.
            732.10
            Information collection.
            732.11
            Review by the Director.
            732.13
            Decision by the Secretary.
            732.14
            Resubmission of State programs.
            732.15
            Criteria for approval or disapproval of State programs.
            732.16
            Terms and conditions for State programs.
            732.17
            State program amendments.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15326, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            § 732.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth criteria and procedures for decisions to approve or disapprove submissions of State programs and program amendments, including requirements for public participation in the process of approval or disapproval.

            § 732.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR 732.16(a) and 732.17(b) have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0024. The information is needed to afford a State the opportunity to modify or amend its State program and will be used by OSM to determine whether the amendment meets the provisions of the Act.
            [47 FR 26365, June 17, 1982]

            § 732.11
            Review by the Director.

            (a) Immediately upon receipt of a proposed State program, the Director shall publish in the Federal Register and in a newspaper of general circulation in the State a notice meeting the following requirements:
            (1) The notice shall include the date of the submission of the program and a summary of the program's contents. It shall also indicate that the full text of the program submission is available for review during regular business hours at the OSM State Office and at the central office and each field office of the State agency responsible for the submission.
            (2) The notice shall afford interested persons an opportunity to submit written comments. The comment period shall end on a date following the public hearing scheduled to be held under paragraph (b) of this section and that date shall be specified in the notice.
            (3) The notice shall identify the time and location within the State at which the Office will hold the public hearing under paragraph (b) of this section.
            (b) A public hearing shall be held by the Director no sooner than 40 days following the publication of the notice required by paragraph (a) of this section. The hearing shall be informal and follow legislative procedures.

            (1) The format and the rules of procedure for each hearing shall be determined by the Director and published in the Federal Register notice required by paragraph (a).

            (2) When the program is submitted, State laws and regulations must be submitted in their final form or in the form in which they are expected to become final. Should revisions to any of the laws or regulations be necessary during the public comment period or before the Secretary's decision, OSM will give notice and provide an opportunity for review and comment. State laws and regulations must be enacted by the date of program approval.
            (c) Copies of written comments shall be available for public inspection and copying at the OSM State Office and the offices of the State agency responsible for submitting the program.
            (d) The Director shall consider all relevant information, including information obtained from public hearings and comments, and shall recommend to the Secretary that the program be approved or disapproved, in whole or in part. The recommended decision shall specify the reasons for the recommendation.
            [47 FR 26365, June 17, 1982]

            § 732.13
            Decision by the Secretary.
            (a) After consideration of the information accompanying the Director's recommendation and the Director's recommendation and findings, the Secretary shall issue to the State in writing, either a decision approving or an initial decision disapproving the State program, in whole or in part.
            (b) A program shall not be approved until the Secretary has—
            (1) Solicited and publicly disclosed the views of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the heads of other Federal agencies concerned with or having special expertise relevant to the program as proposed; and

            (2) Obtained written concurrence of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency with respect to those aspects of a State program which relate to air or water quality standards promulgated under the authority of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), or the Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).
            (c) The Secretary's decision shall include the findings upon which it is based and shall be mailed to the State.
            (d) The Secretary shall issue his decision within 6 months of the Director's receipt of a program submission.

            (e) All decisions approving or disapproving a program, in whole or in part, shall be published in the Federal Register, indicating, in the event of disapproval, that the State has 60 days to submit a revised program for consideration.

            (f) If the Secretary disapproves a program, in whole or in part, the State shall have 60 days from the date of publication of the Federal Register notice to submit a revised program to the Director for reconsideration. The procedures of § 732.11 will then apply to the revised State program, except that the time allowed between publication of notice and the public hearing for public review and comment may be shortened to not less than 15 days.

            (g) The Secretary shall either approve or disapprove the revised program within 60 days from the date of submission of the revised program and publish that decision and reasons for the decision in the Federal Register. A decision disapproving the revised program constitutes the final decision by the Department disapproving that program in its entirety.

            (h) If a revised State program is not submitted by a State within 60 days of an initial disapproval under paragraph (a) of this section, the Secretary shall disapprove the initial program submission in its entirety. This decision shall constitute the final decision by the Secretary. This decision and the basis for it shall be published in the Federal Register.

            (i) A decision by the Secretary approving a program submission establishes a State program for the State which submitted it and constitutes the final decision by the Department. The State program becomes effective on the date of publication of the decision in the Federal Register unless otherwise specified by the Secretary. The Secretary shall not give his approval unless the program submission can be approved in whole, except as provided in paragraph (j) of this section.
            (j) The Secretary may conditionally approve a State program where the program is found to have minor deficiencies, provided:
            (1) The deficiencies are of such a size and nature so as to render no part of a proposed State program incomplete;
            (2) The State has initiated and is actively proceeding with steps to correct the deficiencies;

            (3) The State agrees in writing to correct such deficiencies within a time established by the Secretary and stated in the conditional approval; and

            (4) If the deficiencies have not been corrected by the date set forth in the Secretary's decision under paragraph (j)(3) of this section, the Director shall notify the Secretary that the deficiencies have not been corrected and shall within 30 days—
            (i) Withdraw approval of the State program in whole or in part, and specify the extent to which approval of the State program is being withdrawn;
            (ii) Substitute direct Federal enforcement of those portions of the permanent regulatory program that the State has failed to implement;
            (iii) Initiate procedures in accordance with parts 733 and 736 of this chapter to withdraw State program approval and implement a Federal program for the State, including specifying necessary remedial actions to correct continued deficiencies; or
            (iv) Take any combination of actions under paragraphs (j)(4) and (i) through (iii) of this section.
            [44 FR 15326, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26365, 26367, June 17, 1982]

            § 732.14
            Resubmission of State programs.
            If, by a final decision, the program is disapproved, the State may submit another proposed State program to the Director at any time. Resubmitted State programs must meet the requirements of § 731.14 and will be acted upon pursuant to §§ 732.11-732.16.
            [47 FR 26366, June 17, 1982]

            § 732.15
            Criteria for approval or disapproval of State programs.
            The Secretary shall not approve a State program unless, on the basis of information contained in the program submission, comments, testimony and written presentations at the public hearings, and other relevant information, the Secretary finds that—
            (a) The program provides for the State to carry out the provisions and meet the purposes of the Act and this Chapter within the State and that the State's laws and regulations are in accordance with the provisions of the Act and consistent with the requirements of the Chapter.
            (b) The State regulatory authority has the authority under State laws and regulations pertaining to coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations and the State program includes provisions to—
            (1) Implement, administer and enforce all applicable requirements consistent with subchapter K of this chapter;
            (2) Implement, administer and enforce a permit system consistent with the regulations of subchapter G of this chapter and prohibit surface coal mining and reclamation operations without a permit issued by the regulatory authority;
            (3) Regulate coal exploration consistent with 30 CFR parts 772 and 815 and prohibit coal exploration that does not comply with 30 CFR parts 772 and 815;
            (4) Require that persons extracting coal incidental to government financed construction maintain information on site consistent with 30 CFR 707;
            (5) Enter, inspect and monitor all coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Indian and non-Federal land within the State consistent with the requirements of section 517 of the Act and subchapter L of this chapter;
            (6) Implement, administer and enforce a system of performance bonds and liability insurance, or other equivalent guarantees, consistent with the requirements of subchapter J of this chapter;
            (7) Provide for civil and criminal sanctions for violations of the State law, regulations and conditions of permits and exploration approvals including civil and criminal penalties in accordance with section 518 of the Act and consistent with 30 CFR 845, including the same or similar procedural requirements;
            (8) Issue, modify, terminate and enforce notices of violation, cessation orders and show cause orders in accordance with section 521 of the Act and consistent with the requirements of subchapter L of this chapter including the same or similar procedural requirements;

            (9) Designate areas as unsuitable for surface coal mining consistent with subchapter F of this chapter;

            (10) Provide for public participation in the development, revision and enforcement of State regulations and the State program, consistent with public participation requirements of the Act and this chapter;
            (11) Monitor, review and enforce the prohibition against indirect or direct financial interests in coal mining operations, by employees of the State regulatory authority, consistent with 30 CFR 705;
            (12) Require the training, examination and certification of persons engaged in or responsible for blasting and the use of explosives consistent with regulations issued by the Secretary, except that no State program is required to implement this provision until six months after Federal regulations for this provision have been promulgated;
            (13) Provide for small operator assistance.
            (14) Provide for administrative review of State program actions, in accordance with section 525 of the Act and subchapter L of this chapter;
            (15) Provide for judicial review of State program actions in accordance with State law, as provided in section 526(e) of the Act, except that judicial review of State enforcement actions shall be in accordance with section 526 of the Act. Judicial review in accordance with State law shall not be construed to limit the operation of the rights established in section 520 of the Act, except as provided in that section.
            (16) Cooperate and coordinate with and provide documents and other information to the Office under the provisions of this chapter.
            (c) The State laws and regulations and the State program do not contain provisions which would interfere with or preclude implementation of those in the Act and this chapter.
            (d) The State regulatory authority and other agencies having a role in the State program have sufficient legal, technical and administrative personnel and sufficient funding to implement, administer and enforce the provisions of the program, the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, and other applicable State and Federal laws.
            [44 FR 15326, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 53384, Oct. 28, 1981; 47 FR 26366, June 17, 1982; 48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983; 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983]

              Editorial Note:
              For a document suspending § 732.15(b)(7) in part, see 45 FR 51548, Aug. 4, 1980.

            § 732.16
            Terms and conditions for State programs.
            Terms and conditions for the implementation, administration and operation of a State program may be established by the Director as necessary, including, but not limited to—
            (a) Establishing a system for regularly reporting to the Office information collected by the State regulatory authority in the conduct of the State program; and
            (b) Providing the Office with access to books and records of the regulatory authority upon request.

            § 732.17
            State program amendments.
            (a) This section applies to any alteration of an approved State program whether accomplished on the initiative of the State regulatory authority or the Director. Such alterations are referred to in this section as “amendments”.
            (b) The State regulatory authority shall promptly notify the Director, in writing, of any significant events or proposed changes which affect the implementation, administration or enforcement of the approved State program. At a minimum, notification shall be required for—
            (1) Changes in the provisions, scope or objectives of the State program;
            (2) Changes in the authority of the regulatory authority to implement, administer or enforce the approved program;
            (3) Changes in the State law and regulations from those contained in the approved State program;
            (4) Significant changes in staffing and resources of the regulatory authority and divisions or departments of other agencies with duties in the approved program;

            (5) Changes in agreements between the regulatory authority and other agencies which have duties in the approved program;
            (6) Significant changes in funding or budgeting relative to the approved program; and
            (7) Significant changes in the number or size of coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations in the State.
            (c) Within 30 days of receipt of notification, in writing, of events or proposed changes that may require a State program amendment, or whenever the Director becomes aware of conditions described in paragraph (e) of this section, the Director shall determine whether a State program amendment is required and notify the State regulatory authority of the decision.
            (d) The Director shall promptly notify the State regulatory authority of all changes in the Act and the Secretary's regulations which will require an amendment to the State program.
            (e) State program amendments may be required when—
            (1) As a result of changes in the Act or regulations of this chapter, the approved State program no longer meets the requirements of the Act or this chapter; or
            (2) Conditions or events change the implementation, administration or enforcement of the State program; or
            (3) Conditions or events indicate that the approved State program no longer meets the requirements of the Act or this chapter.
            (f)(1) If the Director determines that a State program amendment is required, the State regulatory authority shall, within 60 days after notification of that decision, submit to the Director either a proposed written amendment or a description of an amendment to be proposed that meets the requirements of the Act and this chapter, and a timetable for enactment which is consistent with established administrative or legislative procedures in the State.
            (2) If the State regulatory authority does not submit the information required by paragraph (f)(1), or does not subsequently comply with the submitted timetable, or if the resulting proposed amendment is not approved under this section, then the Director must begin proceedings under 30 CFR part 733 if the Director has reason to believe that such action is warranted because the State is not effectively implementing, administering, maintaining or enforcing all or part of its approved State program.
            (g) Whenever changes to laws or regulations that make up the approved State program are proposed by the State, the State shall immediately submit the proposed changes to the Director as an amendment. No such change to laws or regulations shall take effect for purposes of a State program until approved as an amendment.
            (h) The following procedures, time schedules and criteria for approval and disapproval shall apply to State program amendments.

            (1) Within 30 days after receipt of a State program amendment from a State regulatory authority, the Director will publish a notice of receipt of the amendment in the Federal Register.

            (2) The Federal Register notice announcing the receipt of the amendment will indicate that the amendment(s) is being reviewed by the Director and will include the following:
            (i) The text or a summary of the amendment(s) proposed by the regulatory authority:

            (ii) Addresses where copies of the proposed amendment(s) may be obtained if the text is not included in the Federal Register notice and that each requestor may receive, free of charge, one single copy of proposed amendment(s) from the Director.
            (iii) Date(s) of public comment period(s) and addresses where public comments should be directed;
            (iv) Dates and locations of public hearing(s) and/or meeting(s) if public hearing(s) and/or meeting(s) are to be held.

            (3) A minimum public comment period of 30 days will be provided for each proposed State program amendment, except a 15 day public comment period may be provided where an amendment concerns changes in State law, regulations or the procedures contained in the approved program that are analogous to changes in SMCRA and/or implementing regulations: Provided, That the notice of receipt published in the Federal Register includes the full text of the proposed amendment: And provided, That all applicable provisions of 43 CFR part 14 are complied with.
            (4) All State program amendments which may have an effect on historic properties shall be provided to the State Historic Preservation Officer and to the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation for comment.
            (5) Public hearings may be provided at the discretion of the Director and shall be held no sooner than five days before the close of the public comment period. The comment period shall end on a date following any public hearing scheduled to be held.

            Public hearing plans will be announced in the notice of receipt of the amendment published in the Federal Register. In determining whether to hold a public hearing, the Director will consider the subject of the amendment, its complexity and public hearing and meetings conducted by the State regulatory authority prior to submission of the amendment for OSM approval. When State regulatory authority public hearings or meetings are accepted in lieu of an OSM hearing, the State regulatory authority shall provide to the Director a complete record of any hearings or meetings including transcripts, written presentations, exhibits and copies of all comments. Hearings shall be informal and follow legislative procedures. The format and the rules of procedure for each hearing shall be determined by the Director and published in the notice required by paragraph (h)(1) of this section.
            (6) Upon the close of the public comment period, the transcript, written presentations, exhibits and copies of all comments shall be transmitted to the Director.
            (7) The Director shall consider all relevant information, including any information obtained from public hearings and comments, and shall approve or disapprove the amendment request within 30 days after the close of the public comment period established in accordance with § 732.17(h)(3).
            (8) If the Director does not approve the amendment request, the State regulatory authority will have 60 days after publication of the Director's decision to submit a revised amendment for consideration by the Director. If more time may be needed by the State to submit a revised amendment, the Director may grant more time by specifying in the decision, a date by which the State regulatory authority must submit a revised amendment. The date specified in the Director's decision should be based on the circumstances of the situation and the established administrative or legislative procedures of the State in question.
            (9) The Director will approve or not approve revised amendment submissions in accordance with the provisions under paragraph (h) of this section.
            (10) The applicable criteria for approval or disapproval of State programs set forth in § 732.15 shall be utilized by the Director in approving or disapproving State program amendments.
            (11) State program amendments shall not be approved until the Director has—
            (i) Solicited and publicly disclosed the views of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the heads of other Federal agencies concerned with or having special expertise relevant to the program amendment(s) as proposed; and

            (ii) Obtained written concurrence of the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency with respect to those aspects of a State program amendment(s) which relate to air or water quality standards promulgated under the authority of the Clean Water Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), and the Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.).

            (12) All decisions approving or not approving program amendments must be published in the Federal Register and will be effective upon publication unless the notice specifies a different effective date. The decision approving or not approving program amendments will be published in the Federal Register within 30 days after the date of the Director's decision.
            (13) Final action on all amendment requests must be completed within seven months after receipt of the proposed amendments from the State.
            [44 FR 15326, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 7909, Jan. 23, 1981; 47 FR 26366, 26367, June 17, 1982; 52 FR 4261, Feb. 10, 1987; 70 FR 61206, Oct. 20, 2005]

          Pt. 733
          PART 733—MAINTENANCE OF STATE PROGRAMS AND PROCEDURES FOR SUBSTITUTING FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT OF STATE PROGRAMS AND WITHDRAWING APPROVAL OF STATE PROGRAMS

            Sec.
            733.1
            Scope.
            733.10
            Information collection.
            733.11
            General requirements for maintaining State programs.
            733.12
            Procedures for substituting Federal enforcement of State programs or withdrawing approval of State programs.
            733.13
            Factors to be considered in deciding whether to substitute Federal enforcement for State programs or to withdraw approval of State programs.

            Authority:
            Secs. 501(b), 503, 504, 517 and 521, Pub. L. 95-87 (30 U.S.C. 1251(b), 1253, 1254, 1267 and 1271).

            Source:
            44 FR 15328, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            § 733.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes requirements for the maintenance of State programs and procedures for substituting Federal enforcement of State programs and withdrawing approval of State programs.

            § 733.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirement contained in 30 CFR 733.12(a)(2) has been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0025. The information required is needed by OSM to verify the allegations in a citizen request to evaluate a State program and to determine whether an evaluation should be undertaken.
            [47 FR 26366, June 17, 1982]

            § 733.11
            General requirements for maintaining State programs.
            States with an approved State program shall implement, administer, enforce and maintain it in accordance with the Act, this chapter and the provisions of the approved State program.

            § 733.12
            Procedures for substituting Federal enforcement of State programs or withdrawing approval of State programs.
            (a) Evaluation. (1) The Director shall evaluate the administration of each state program at least annually.
            (2) Any interested person may request the Director to evaluate a State program. The request shall set forth a concise statement of the facts which the person believes establishes the need for evaluation. The Director shall verify the allegations and determine within 60 days whether or not the evaluation shall be made and mail a written decision to the requestor.
            (b) If the Director has reason to believe that a State is not effectively implementing, administering, maintaining or enforcing any part of its approved State program, the Director shall promptly notify the State regulatory authority in writing. The Director's notice shall—
            (1) Provide sufficient information to allow the State regulatory authority to determine what portions of the program the Director believes are not being effectively implemented, administered, maintained, or enforced;
            (2) State the reasons for such belief; and
            (3) Specify the time period for the State regulatory authority to accomplish any necessary remedial actions.
            (c) The Director shall provide the State regulatory authority an opportunity for an informal conference if the State requests an informal conference within 15 days after the expiration of the time period specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section. The informal conference may pertain to the facts or the time period for accomplishing remedial actions as specified by the Director's notification.

            (d) If an informal conference is not held under paragraph (c) of this section, or if, following such a conference, the Director still has reason to believe that the State is failing to adequately implement, administer, maintain or enforce a part or all of a State program, the Director shall give notice to the State and to the public, specifying the basis for that belief and shall hold a public hearing in the State within 30 days of the expiration of the time period specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section or as modified at the informal conference held under paragraph (c) of this section.
            (e) The State will continue to enforce its approved program unless upon completion of the hearing under paragraph (d) of this section and based upon the review of all available information, including the hearing transcript, written presentations and written comments, the Director finds that the State has failed to implement, administer, maintain or enforce effectively all or part of its approved State program. If the Director finds further that the State has not demonstrated its capability and intent to administer the State program, the Director shall either—
            (1) Substitute for the State regulatory authority direct Federal enforcement of all or part of the State program in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section; or
            (2) Recommend to the Secretary that he or she withdraw approval of the State program, in whole or in part, in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section. The recommendation shall be accompanied by all relevant information and shall include the reasons for the recommendation.
            (f) Substituted Federal enforcement. (1) The Director shall give public notice of a finding under paragraph (e) of this section and specify the extent to which the Director is instituting direct Federal enforcement of a State program.
            (2) During the period beginning with the public notice and ending when the State satisfies the Director that it will enforce the State program effectively, the Director shall enforce those portions of the State program and any additional regulations that the Office has adopted as necessary to enable the Director to perform his or her duties. To the extent the Director has assumed direct Federal enforcement of the State program, the Director shall—
            (i) Enforce any permit condition required under the Act;
            (ii) Issue any new or revised permit pursuant to any additional regulation that the Director may promulgate at the time of assumed enforcement; and
            (iii) Conduct inspections and issue notices, orders and assessments of penalties as may be necessary for compliance with those permit conditions, the Act and the State program in accordance with subchapter L.
            (3) In the case of a State permittee who has met his or her obligations under an existing State permit and who did not willfully secure the issuance of that permit through fraud or collusion, the Director shall give the permittee a reasonable time to conform ongoing surface mining and reclamation operations to the requirements of the Act, before suspending or revoking the State permit.
            (g) Withdrawing approval of State program. (1) Upon recommending withdrawal of approval of a State program to the Secretary, the Director shall institute direct Federal enforcement in accordance with the requirements of paragraph (f) of this section.
            (2) Upon receipt of the Director's recommendation and accompanying information under paragraph (e)(2) of this section the Secretary shall either—
            (i) Withdraw approval of the State program in whole or in part if the Secretary finds that failure by the State to administer or enforce part or all of its State program cannot effectively be remedied by substitution of direct Federal enforcement for all or part of the State program, or
            (ii) Instruct the Director to continue direct Federal enforcement in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section.
            (3) The Secretary shall give public notice of a finding under paragraph (g)(2)(i) of this section, and specify the extent to which approval of a State program is being withdrawn. Not later than the issuance of the notice, the Director shall propose promulgation of, and thereafter promulgate and implement a Federal program for the affected State, in accordance with 30 CFR part 736.
            [44 FR 15328, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26366, June 17, 1982]

            § 733.13
            Factors to be considered in deciding whether to substitute Federal enforcement for State programs or to withdraw approval of State programs.

            The record of the State in fulfilling the conditions of the original approval or adjusting to new circumstances, in accordance with requirements of the Act and this chapter, the hearings transcripts, written presentations and comments shall be considered in evaluating the maintenance, administration, or enforcement of a State program for purposes of determining whether to substitute direct Federal enforcement of the State program or to withdraw approval of part or all of the program.
            [44 FR 15328, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26366, June 17, 1982]

          Pt. 735
          PART 735—GRANTS FOR PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND ADMINISTRATION AND ENFORCEMENT

            Sec.
            735.1
            Scope.
            735.2
            Objectives.
            735.3
            Authority.
            735.4
            Responsibility.
            735.5
            Definitions.
            735.10
            Information collection.
            735.11
            Eligibility for program development grants.
            735.12
            Eligibility for administration and enforcement grants.
            735.13
            Submission of estimated annual budgets and allocation of funds.
            735.14
            Coverage of grants.
            735.15
            Amount of grants.
            735.16
            Special provisions for States with cooperative agreements.
            735.17
            Grant periods.
            735.18
            Grant application procedures.
            735.19
            Grant agreement.
            735.20
            Grant amendments.
            735.21
            Grant reduction and termination.
            735.22
            Audit.
            735.23
            Administrative procedures.
            735.24
            Allowable costs.
            735.25
            Financial management.
            735.26
            Reports.
            735.27
            Records.
            735.28
            Disclosure of information.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201, 501, and 502, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201).

            Source:
            42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979.

            § 735.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth policies and procedures for grants to States to—
            (a) Develop State programs for the regulation and control of surface coal mining and reclamation operations;
            (b) Administer and enforce State programs for the regulation and control of surface coal mining and reclamation operations; and
            (c) Administer cooperative agreements for State regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands.
            (d) Fund the Small Operator Assistance Program established under section 507(c) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1201) and described in part 795 of this chapter.
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979 and amended at 47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of assistance under this part are—
            (a) To assist the States in meeting the costs of administering reclamation and enforcement programs consistent with the Act;
            (b) To encourage the States to build strong reclamation and enforcement programs; and
            (c) To encourage the States to assume jurisdiction over the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

            § 735.3
            Authority.
            Section 705 of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (30 U.S.C. 1201) authorizes the Secretary to make grants to States for developing, administering, and enforcing State regulatory programs.

            § 735.4
            Responsibility.
            (a) The Director shall administer the State grant program for the development, administration, and enforcement of State programs under this part.
            (b) The Director or his authorized designee shall receive, review and approve grant applications under this part.
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part, agency means the State agency designated by the Governor to receive and administer grants under this part.

            § 735.10
            Information collection.
            (a) The information collection and retention requirements in 30 CFR 735.13 (a) and (b), 735.16(e), 735.18, 735.26 and 735.27 were approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance numbers for §§ 735.13 (a) and (b); SF 424, 1029-0016; OSM 50-A, 1029-0079; OSM 50-B, 1029-0078; OSM-47, 1029-0064; OSM-48, 1029-0070; OSM-51, 1029-0072; OSM-51A, 1029-0074; OSM-51B, 1029-0075; OSM-51C, 1029-0069; for Sections 735.16(e) and 735.18; SF 269, 1029-0017; OSM-51, 1029-0072; SF 271, 1029-0073; OSM-51A, 1029-0074; OSM-51B, 1029-0075; OSM-51C, 1029-0069; OSM-60, 1029-0076; OSM-62, 1029-0077; and OSM-63, 1029-0068; for section 735.26; and section 735.27 which was included in the above clearance numbers.
            (b) The information required by 30 CFR part 735 will be used by OSM's Headquarters and State offices in administering, evaluating and auditing its State reimbursement grants for program development and administration and enforcement to insure that the requirements of OMB Circular A-102 and the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act are met. The information required by 30 CFR part 735 is mandatory.
            [47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.11
            Eligibility for program development grants.
            (a) Designation of State agency. In order to receive a program development grant the Governor of a State shall designate in writing to the Director one agency to submit the grant applications, and to receive and administer the grants.
            (b) Periods covered by program development grants. (1) An agency may apply for a program development grant for any period for which it does not have an approved State program. This is limited to periods during—
            (i) The initial development of a State program;
            (ii) The revision of a State program which has been disapproved by the Secretary; and
            (iii) The revision of a State program from which the Secretary has withdrawn his approval.
            (2) The Director shall limit grants for (b)(1) (ii) and (iii) of this paragraph to the costs of making revisions necessary to secure approval of the State programs.
            (3) The Director shall not approve grants for costs incurred prior to August 3, 1977.
            (Secs. 201, 501, 503, 705, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 450, 467, 470, 520, (30 U.S.C. 1211, 1251, 1253, 1295))
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2722, Jan. 19, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 45 FR 2804, Jan. 14, 1980]

            § 735.12
            Eligibility for administration and enforcement grants.
            (a) Approved program required. In order to receive a grant to administer and enforce a State program, the State must have an approved State regulatory program.
            (b) Designation of a State agency. In order to receive a grant to administer and enforce a State program, the Governor must designate a single agency to receive and administer administration and enforcement grants, including cooperative agreement grants described in § 735.16 of this part.
            (c) Nondiscrimination. The agency shall monitor the compliance activity of its subrecipients with respect to the nondiscrimination provisions in § 735.21(a)(4) of this part.

            § 735.13
            Submission of estimated annual budgets and allocation of funds.
            (a) Budget summaries for Federal budget. For each fiscal year, the agency shall submit to the Director or his authorized designee 18 months prior to the Federal fiscal year for which the grant will be requested, a projection of its program budget (personnel and fringe benefits, travel, equipment and supplies, contractual, indirect charges, and other), including the costs of administering State-Federal cooperative agreements pursuant to § 211.75 of this title, and any aircraft which the agency proposes to acquire. The Director will use these budget summaries in preparing the Federal budget estimates which he is required to submit.

            (b) Updated budget summary. For each fiscal year, the agency shall submit to the Director or his authorized designee a current program budget (personnel and fringe benefits, travel, equipment and supplies, contractual, indirect charges, and other) three months prior to the beginning of the Federal fiscal year for which a grant will be requested.
            (c) Allocation of funds. (1) The Director shall allocate to the agencies the full amount requested and approved in the States' revised or actual budgets provided that the amount available in the Federal budget is sufficient.
            (2) If the funds available for grants are insufficient to cover the total grant needs, including cooperative agreement grants, the Director shall allocate the funds available according to the proportion of each requested and approved agency's budget to the total of all agencies' requested and approved budgets.
            (3) Allocation of a specific amount of funds to an agency does not assure that grants for that amount will be approved. Each agency must apply for and secure approval of grants in accordance with the requirements of this part.
            (4) The Director shall reallocate any funds which are not requested by agencies as of June 1 of that year. Such funds shall be allocated primarily to those agencies which have received less than the allowable percentage of their eligible costs.
            (5) Agencies which are allocated such additional funds may submit new or revised grant applications for the additional amounts on or before August 15, of that year.
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.14
            Coverage of grants.
            (a) Program development grants. An agency may use grant money under this part to cover the costs of developing—
            (1) New or revised State laws, regulations, and procedures;
            (2) Revised or expanded inspection systems;
            (3) Training programs for inspectors and other personnel;
            (4) New or revised organizational structures;
            (5) Information and communications systems, including data processing systems;
            (6) A planning process including a data base and information system to receive and act upon petitions to designate lands unsuitable for mining;
            (7) An application for the initial administration and enforcement grant to the extent not covered by indirect costs or other cost items;
            (8) Other components necessary to obtain an approved State program, as mutually agreed upon by the Director or his authorized designee and the agency receiving a grant.
            (b) Administration and enforcement grants. An agency may use grant money under this part to cover the costs of—
            (1) Administering an approved State regulatory program;
            (2) Providing supporting and administrative services required by the State regulatory program;
            (3) Providing equipment required for the regulatory program and its support, either through use charges or direct purchase. Equipment charges and purchases will be allowed in accordance with Federal Management Circular 74-4, “Cost principles applicable to grants and contracts with State and local governments,” (34 CFR part 255) and Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, “Uniform administrative requirements for grants-in-aid to State and local governments” (42 FR 45828).

            § 735.15
            Amount of grants.
            (a) Amount of program development grants. (1) For the first year of a program development grant the Director or his authorized designee shall approve grants for not more than 80 percent of the total of agreed upon costs pursuant to § 735.14(a).
            (2) For the second year of a program development grant the Director or his authorized designee shall approve grants for not more than 60 percent of the total agreed upon costs pursuant to § 735.14(a).

            (3) For the third year and each following year of a program development grant the Director or his authorized designee shall approve grants for not more than 50 percent of the total agreed upon costs pursuant to § 735.14(a).
            (b) Amount of administration and enforcement grants. (1) If no program development grant has been awarded, the Director or his authorized designee may approve the first administration and enforcement grant for not more than 80 percent of the agreed upon costs for administration and enforcement of the program.
            (2) If a program development grant has been awarded for only 1 year, the Director or his authorized designee may approve an administration and enforcement grant for 60 percent of the agreed upon costs for administration and enforcement of the program.
            (3) If a program development grant has been awarded for more than 1 year but less than 2 years, the Director or his authorized designee may approve the first administration and enforcement grant for 60 percent for that proportion remaining in the second year and for 50 percent for the proportion allocated to the third year.
            (4) For the third and following years, the Director or his authorized designee may approve administration and enforcement grants for 50 percent of the agreed upon costs for administration and enforcement of the program.
            (Secs. 201, 501, 503, 705, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 450, 467, 470, 520 (30 U.S.C. 1211, 1251, 1253, 1295))
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 45 FR 2804, Jan. 14, 1980]

            § 735.16
            Special provisions for States with cooperative agreements.
            (a) Eligibility. The Director may approve additional grants to States which have cooperative agreements pursuant to § 211.75 of this title for State regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands. This includes—
            (1) States which had cooperative agreements on August 3, 1977, which have been modified to comply with the initial regulatory program; and
            (2) States which enter into cooperative agreements following approval of the State's regulatory program.
            (b) Coverage of grants. An agency may use cooperative agreement grants to carry out the functions assigned to the State under the agreement.
            (c) Amounts of grants. The Director or his authorized designee may approve grants for the approximate amount which he determines the Federal Government would have expended for regulation of coal mining on the Federal lands being regulated by the State, except that no grant may exceed the actual costs to the State.
            (d) Grant periods. The Director or his authorized designee shall normally approve a grant for a period of one year or less. Consecutive grants shall be awarded to fund approved programs.
            (e) Application procedures. (1) States with cooperative agreements in effect on August 3, 1977, may apply for cooperative agreement grants using the procedures set forth in § 735.18 (a), (b) and (d).
            (2) States with cooperative agreements established in conjunction with approved State regulatory programs may apply for cooperative agreement grants by including a supplement to an annual administration and enforcement grant application submitted according to § 735.18. The State shall include in the supplemental section:
            (i) A separate budget summary for the costs of the cooperative agreement in the format specified by OSM; and
            (ii) A separate narrative, in the format specified by OSM, describing the specific activities required by the cooperative agreement for the period for which the grant is requested.
            (f) Other requirements. The procedures and requirements set forth in §§ 735.17 through 735.26 are applicable to cooperative agreement grants.
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2722, Jan. 19, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.17
            Grant periods.
            The Director or his authorized designee shall normally approve a grant for a period of one year or less. Consecutive grants shall be awarded to fund approved programs.
            [47 FR 38491, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.18
            Grant application procedures.
            (a) The agency shall submit its application (three copies) to the Director or his authorized designee at least sixty days prior to the beginning of the intended grant period, or as soon thereafter as possible.
            (b) The agency shall use the application forms and procedures specified by OSM in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102. No pre-application is required. Each application must include the following:
            (1) Part I, Application Form Coversheet, SF 424.
            (2) Part II, Project Approval Information.
            (i) For non-construction grants use Form OSM-50A, Project Approval Information—Section A.
            (ii) For construction grants use Form OSM-50A, Project Approval Information—Section A, and Form OSM-50B, Project Approval Information—Section B.
            (3) Part III, Budget Information.
            (i) For non-construction grants use Form OSM-47, Budget Information Report, with a narrative explanation of computations.
            (ii) For construction grants use Form OSM-48, Budget Information—Construction, with a narrative explanation of computations.
            (4) Part IV, Program Narrative Statement, Form OSM-51, providing the narrative for the goals to be achieved for both construction and non-construction grants.
            (i) Form OSM-51 is supplemented by completion of Column 5A of Forms OSM-51A and OSM-51B which reports the quantitative Program Management information of the Administration and Enforcement grants.
            (ii) Form OSM-51 is supplemented by completion of Column 5A of Form OSM-51C which reports the quantitative Program Management information of the Small Operator Assistance Program Administration and Operational grant.
            (5) Part V, The standard assurances for non-construction activities or construction activities as specified in Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, Attachment M.
            (c) For program development grant applications, agencies shall include:
            (1) An analysis and evaluation of the current State laws and changes required therein to conform to the requirements of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, unless previously submitted under part 725;
            (2) A description of the changes expected to be requiredin State regulations, organization, staffing, training and other policies and operations in order to develop a State program which can be approved; and
            (3) A program to develop the legislation, regulations, procedures, organization, staffing, training materials, and other program elements necessary to obtain program approval.
            (d) For administration and enforcement grants and cooperative agreement grants, agencies shall include:
            (1) A description of the specific operations in the approved program which will be implemented during the period for which the grant is requested.
            (2) A description and justification of any major equipment (equipment with a unit acquisition cost of $500 or more and having a life of more than two years) which the agency proposes to acquire with the grant.
            (e) The Director or his authorized designee shall notify the agency within thirty days after the receipt of a complete application, or as soon thereafter as possible, whether it is or is not approved. If the application is not approved, the Director or his authorized designee shall set forth in writing the reasons for disapproval and may propose modifications if appropriate. The agency may resubmit the application. The Director or his authorized designee shall process the revised application as an original application.
            [47 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 47 FR 38492, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.19
            Grant agreement.
            (a) If the Director or his authorized designee approves an agency's grant application, the Director or his authorized designee shall prepare a grant agreement which includes—

            (1) The approved scope of the program to be covered by the grant;

            (2) The approved budget, including the Federal share;
            (3) Commencement and completion dates for the segment of the program covered by the grant and for major phases of the program to be completed during the grant period; and
            (4) Permissible transfers of funds to other State agencies.
            (b) The Director or his authorized designee may permit an agency to assign functions and funds to other State agencies. The Director or his authorized designee shall require the grantee agency to retain responsibility for overall administration of the grant, including use of funds, accomplishment of functions and reporting.
            (c) Pre-agreement costs for program development grants shall be allowed only as specified in the grant agreement.
            (d) The Director or his authorized designee shall transmit four copies of the grant agreement by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the agency for signature. The agency shall execute the grant agreement and return all copies of it within 3 calendar weeks after receipt, or within an extension of such time that may be granted by the Director or his authorized designee.
            (e) The Director or his authorized designee shall sign the grant agreement upon its return from the agency and return one copy to the agency. The grant is effective and constitutes an obligation of Federal funds in the amount and for the purposes stated in the grant agreement at the time the Director or his authorized designee signs the agreement.
            (f) Neither the approval of a program nor the award of any grant will commit or obligate the United States to award any continuation grant or enter into any grant amendment, including grant increases to cover cost overruns.

            § 735.20
            Grant amendments.
            (a) A grant amendment is a written alteration in the grant amount, grant terms or conditions, budget or period, or other administrative, technical, or financial agreement whether accomplished on the initiative of the agency or the Director or his authorized designee, or by mutual action of the agency and the Director or his authorized designee.
            (b) The agency shall promptly notify the Director or his authorized designee in writing of events or proposed changes which may require a grant amendment, such as—
            (1) Rebudgeting;
            (2) Changes which may affect the approved scope or objective of a program; or
            (3) Changes which may increase or substantially decrease the total cost of a program.
            (c) The Director or his authorized designee shall approve or disapprove each proposed amendment within thirty days of receipt, or as soon thereafter as possible, and shall notify the agency in writing of the approval or disapproval of the amendment.
            (d) The date the Director or his authorized designee signs the grant amendment establishes the effective date of the action. If no time period is specified in the grant amendment, then the amendment applies to the entire grant period.
            [42 FR 62706, Dec. 13, 1977. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979, and amended at 47 FR 38492, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.21
            Grant reduction and termination.
            (a) Conditions for reduction or termination. (1) If an agency violates the terms of a grant agreement, the Director or his authorized designee may reduce or terminate the grant.
            (2) If an agency fails to implement, enforce or maintain an approved program, or cooperative agreement, the Director or his authorized designee shall terminate the administration and enforcement grant or cooperative agreement grant.
            (3) If an agency fails to implement, enforce or maintain only a part of the program, the Director or his authorized designee shall reduce the grant to the amount of the program being operated by the agency.
            (4) If an agency is not in compliance with the following nondiscrimination provisions, the Director or his authorized designee shall terminate the grant—

            (i) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (78 Stat. 252). Nondiscrimination in Federally Assisted Programs, which provides that no person in the United States shall on the grounds of race, color or national origin be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance, and the implementing regulations at 43 CFR part 17.
            (ii) Executive Order 11246, as amended by Executive Order 11375, Equal Employment Opportunity, requiring that employees or applicants for employment not be discriminated against because of race, creed, color, sex, or national origin, and the implementing regulations at 41 CFR part 60.
            (iii) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended by Executive Order 11914, Nondiscrimination With Respect to the Handicapped in Federally Assisted Programs.
            (5) If an agency fails to enforce the financial interest provisions of part 706 of this chapter the Director shall terminate the grant.
            (6) If an agency fails to submit reports required by this part or part 705 of this chapter the Director shall reduce or terminate the grant.
            (b) Grant reduction and termination procedures. (1) The Director or his authorized designee shall give at least 10 days written notice to the agency by certified mail, return receipt requested, of intent to reduce or terminate a grant. The Director or his authorized designee shall include in the notice the reasons for the proposed action and the proposed effective date of the action.
            (2) The Director or his authorized designee shall afford the agency opportunity for consultation and remedial action prior to reducing or terminating a grant.
            (3) The Director or his authorized designee shall notify the agency of the termination or reduction of the grant in writing by certified mail, return receipt requested.
            (4) Upon termination the agency shall refund or credit to the United States that portion of the grant money paid or owed to the agency and allocated to the terminated portion of the grant. However any portion of the grant that is required to meet commitments made prior to the effective date of termination shall be retained by the agency.
            (5) The agency shall reduce the amount of outstanding commitments insofar as possible and report to the Director or his authorized designee the uncommitted balance of funds awarded under the grant.
            (6) Upon notification of intent to terminate the agency shall not make any new commitments without the approval of the Director or his authorized designee.
            (7) The Director or his authorized designee may allow termination costs as determined by applicable Federal cost principles listed in Federal Management Circular 74-4.
            (c) Appeals. (1) An agency may appeal the Director or his authorized designee's decision to reduce or terminate a grant to the Director within 30 days of the Director or his authorized designee's decision.
            (2) An agency shall include in an appeal—
            (i) The decision being appealed, and
            (ii) The facts which the agency believes justify a reversal or modification of the decision.
            (3) The Director shall act upon appeals within 30 days of their receipt, or as soon thereafter as possible.
            [58 FR 41938, Aug. 5, 1993]

            § 735.22
            Audit.
            The agency shall arrange for an independent audit no less frequently than once every two years, pursuant to the requirements of Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, Attachment P. The audits will be performed in accordance with the “Standards for Audit of Governmental Organizations, Programs, Activities, and Functions” and the “Guidelines for Financial and Compliance Audits of Federally Assisted Programs” published by the Comptroller General of the United States and guidance provided by the cognizant Federal audit agency.
            [47 FR 38492, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.23
            Administrative procedures.

            The agency shall follow administrative procedures governing accounting, payment, property and related requirements contained in Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102.

            § 735.24
            Allowable costs.
            The Director or his authorized designee shall determine costs which may be reimbursed according to Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-87.
            [47 FR 38492, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.25
            Financial management.
            (a) The agency shall account for grant funds in accordance with the requirements of Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102. Agencies shall use generally accepted accounting principles and practices, consistently applied. Accounting for grant funds must be accurate and current.
            (b) The agency shall adequately safeguard all funds, property, and other assets and shall assure that they are used solely for authorized purposes.
            (c) The agency shall provide a comparison of actual amounts spent with budgeted amounts for each grant.
            (d) When advances are made by a letter-of-credit method, the agency shall make drawdowns from the U.S. Treasury through its commerical bank as closely as possible to the time of making the disbursements.
            (e) The agency shall support accounting records by source documentation.
            (f) The agency shall design a systematic method to assure timely and appropriate resolution of audit findings and recommendations.

            § 735.26
            Reports.
            (a) The agency shall, for each grant made under this part, submit semiannually to the Director or his authorized designee a Financial Status Report, Form 269 for non-construction grant activities in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, Attachment H and OSM requirements. This report shall be accompanied by a Performance Report, Form OSM-51 comparing actual accomplishments to the goals established for the period, prepared according to Attachment I of OMB Circular No. A-102 and OSM requirements. The agency shall also submit semiannually a separate Outlay Report and Request for Reimbursement for Construction Programs, Form 271, and accompanying narrative performance report comparing actual accomplishments with planned goals on grant funded construction activities.
            (b) The Director or his authorized designee shall require through the grant agreement that semiannual reports describe the relationship of financial information to performance and productivity data, including unit cost information. This quantitative information will be reported on Forms OSM-51A and OSM-51B or OSM-51C, Quantitative Program Management Information, as applicable.
            (c) The Director or his authorized designee shall require that when a grant is closed out in accordance with Attachment L to Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102, the following actions are taken:
            (1) The grantee shall account for any property acquired with grant funds or received from the Government in accordance with the provisions of Attachment N to Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102. This may be accomplished by the submission of the Report of Government Property, Form OSM-60.
            (2) The grantee shall submit a final financial report and thus release OSM from obligations under each grant or cooperative agreement that is being closed out.
            [47 FR 38492, Aug. 31, 1982]

            § 735.27
            Records.
            (a) The agency shall maintain complete records in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular No. A-102. This includes books, documents, maps, and other evidence and accounting procedures and practices, sufficient to reflect properly—
            (1) The amount, receipt, and disposition by the agency of all assistance received for the program.
            (2) The total costs of the program, including all direct and indirect costs of whatever nature incurred for the performance of the program for which the grant has been awarded.

            (b) Subgrantees and contractors, including contractors for professional services, shall maintain books, documents, papers, maps, and records which are pertinent to specific grant award.
            (c) The agency's records and the records of its subgrantees and contractors, including professional services contracts, shall be subject at all reasonable times to inspection, reproduction, copying, and audit by the Office, the Department of the Interior, the Comptroller General of the United States, the Department of Labor or any authorized representative.
            (d) For completed or terminated grants the agency, subgrantees, and contractors shall preserve and make their records available to the Office, the Department of the Interior, the Comptroller General of the United States, Department of Labor, or any authorized representative pursuant to OMB Circular No. A-102.

            § 735.28
            Disclosure of information.
            All grant applications received by the Director or his authorized designee constitute agency records. As such, their release may be requested by any member of the public under the Freedom of Information Act, 5 U.S.C. 552, and shall be disclosed unless exempt from disclosure under 5 U.S.C. 552(b).

          Pt. 736
          PART 736—FEDERAL PROGRAM FOR A STATE

            Sec.
            736.1
            Scope.
            736.11
            General procedural requirements.
            736.12
            Notice, comment and hearing procedures.
            736.13
            [Reserved]
            736.14
            Director's decision.
            736.15
            Implementation, enforcement, and maintenance of a Federal program.
            736.16
            Federal program termination procedures.
            736.17
            Consolidation of procedures.
            736.21
            General requirements of a Federal program.
            736.22
            Contents of a Federal program.
            736.23
            Federal program effect on State law or regulations.
            736.24
            Federal program effect on State funding.
            736.25
            Permit fees.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended; and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            44 FR 15329, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            § 736.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes standards and procedures for the promulgation, implementation, maintenance, administration, revision and termination of a Federal program for a State for coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within that State.

            § 736.11
            General procedural requirements.
            (a) Promulgation. (1) The Director shall promulgate and, subject to the provisions of this part, implement a Federal program for a State if the Director reasonably expects coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations to exist on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within the State at any time before June 1985, and the State fails to—
            (i) Submit a State program for regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within that State to the Director as provided in 30 CFR 731.12; or
            (ii) Resubmit an acceptable State program within 60 days of a notice of disapproval of a State program pursuant to § 732.13(f). The Director shall not promulgate a Federal program before the expiration of the initial period allowed for submission of a State program, as provided in § 731.12.
            (2) The Director shall promulgate a complete Federal program for a State upon the withdrawal of approval of an entire State program under § 733.12.
            (3) The Director shall promulgate a partial Federal program for a State upon the withdrawal of approval of part of a State program under 30 CFR part 733.
            (b) Revision. The Director may revise a Federal program for a State, if necessary to further the purposes of the Act and the regulations adopted under the Act.
            (c) Termination. The Director shall terminate appropriate portions of a Federal program for a State, upon approval of a State program under 30 CFR parts 731 and 732 that replaces a complete or partial Federal program for that State.
            [44 FR 15329, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26367, June 17, 1982]

            § 736.12
            Notice, comment and hearing procedures.
            Prior to the promulgation or revision of a Federal program for a State, OSMRE shall:
            (a) Federal Register notice. Publish in the Federal Register a notice which:
            (1) Includes the basis, purpose and substance of the proposed Federal program or revision;
            (2) Offers any person an opportunity to submit written comments on the proposed Federal program or revision for a period to end no less than 30 days after the date of the notice;
            (3) Offers to hold a public hearing on the proposed Federal program or revision in the affected State during the comment period if requested by any person;
            (4) Gives the address of an appropriate place where any person, during normal business hours, may inspect and copy a copy of the administrative record for the proposed Federal program or revision;
            (5) For an indirect revision of a Federal program, states that the affected provision of the permanent program is cross-referenced by the Federal program, and thus that the proposed permanent program revision also would revise the Federal program;
            (b) Newspaper notice. For the initial promulgation of a Federal program for a State, publish in a newspaper of general circulation in the coal mining area of the affected State a notice concerning the proposed rulemaking which includes the information required by paragraph (a) of this section, except that for the substance of the proposed Federal program or revision OSMRE may substitute a brief description; and
            (c) Federal agency comment. As appropriate, solicit comments from the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the heads of other Federal agencies concerned with or having special expertise relevant to the proposed Federal program or revision.
            [52 FR 39407, Oct. 21, 1987]

            § 736.13
            [Reserved]

            § 736.14
            Director's decision.
            (a) After considering all relevant information received under § 736.12 of this part, the Director shall decide whether to promulgate or revise a Federal program for the State.
            (b) The Director shall publish the decision in the Federal Register, including a statement of the basis and purpose for the decision, the regulations of the Federal program for the State or revision thereof, and the effective date of the program or revision.
            [44 FR 15329, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 52 FR 39408, Oct. 21, 1987]

            § 736.15
            Implementation, enforcement, and maintenance of a Federal program.
            (a) The Director shall implement, administer, enforce, and maintain a Federal program or any revision thereto not later than 30 days after a Federal program is promulgated or revised.
            (b)(1) Except as provided in pargraph (b)(2) of this section, the Director shall implement the procedures and criteria of a Federal program for a State for designating lands unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining one year after a Federal program is made effective for a State.
            (2) When a complete or partial Federal program is promulgated because of a State's failure to implement, maintain, or enforce adequately all or a part of its State program, all applicable portions of the Federal program for the State under this part shall be effective immediately upon implementation of the Federal program.
            [48 FR 41348, Sept. 14, 1983]

            § 736.16
            Federal program termination procedures.
            Termination of a Federal program shall be accomplished at the same time and through the procedures for approval of a State program under 30 CFR part 732. No Federal program shall be considered terminated until a State program has been approved by the Secretary in accordance with 30 CFR part 732.

            § 736.17
            Consolidation of procedures.
            The Director may consolidate public notices, hearings, opportunity for public comment and decisions on the promulgation, revision or termination of a Federal program for a State under this part, with public notices, opportunity for public comment and hearings on the approval, disapproval or withdrawal of a State program under 30 CFR parts 732 through 733.

            § 736.21
            General requirements of a Federal program.
            (a) Any complete Federal program promulgated or revised by the Director shall include the contents identified in 30 CFR 736.22.
            (b) Any partial Federal program shall include all of the contents identified in 30 CFR 736.22 to the extent that those aspects of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations within the State are to be regulated by the Director under the partial program and are not to be regulated under the remainder of the State program that continues in effect.

            § 736.22
            Contents of a Federal program.
            (a) In promulgating or revising any Federal program for a State, the Director shall—
            (1) Consider the nature of that State's soils, topography, climate, and biological, chemical, geological, hydrological, agronomic, and other relevant physical conditions;

            (2) Include any provisions that are necessary to implement the requirements of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 531 et seq.), the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 661-666c), the National Historic and Preservation Act of 1966 (16 U.S.C. 470), the Archaeological and Historic Preservation Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 469a), and other relevant Federal laws imposing duties upon the Secretary; and
            (3) Include, if required pursuant to 30 CFR 736.23, any performance standards for the regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations more stringent than those otherwise provided for by this chapter and the Act.
            (b)(1) Any Federal program for a State, including appropriate portions of a partial Federal program which is promulgated or revised by the Director, shall provide for Federal regulation of coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within the State in accordance with the requirements of the Act and this Chapter, including, at a minimum, the following provisions: Parts 700, 701, 707, 761, 762, 764, 842, 843, 845, subchapters G, J, K, and M.
            (2) An exception to these requirements may be made where there is exploration but no mining in the State. In such a case, the Federal program which is promulgated must regulate coal exploration, but not mining, and shall include, at a minimum, the applicable sections of the following provisions: Parts 700, 701, 761, 762, 764, 772, 773, 775, 815, 842, 843 and 845.
            (c) For the purpose of avoiding duplication, the Federal program shall include a process for coordinating the review and issuance of permits for surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the Federal program with any other Federal, State, or local planning or permit process applicable to the operations in the jurisdiction involved, including, but not limited to—
            (1) The Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.); Clean Water Act, as amended (30 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.); Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (42 U.S.C. 3251 et seq.); and
            (2) Plans approved by the Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency under sections 208 or 303(c) of the Clean Water Act, as amended (33 U.S.C. 1288, 1313(c)).
            [44 FR 15329, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26367, June 17, 1982; 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983]

            § 736.23
            Federal program effect on State law or regulations.

            (a) Whenever a Federal program is promulgated or revised for a State, any statutes or regulations of the State regulating coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations subject to the Act shall be preempted and superseded by the Federal program insofar as they are inconsistent with the requirements of the Act and the Federal program. In promulgating or revising a Federal program for a State, the Director shall set forth in the Federal Register any State statute or regulation which is preempted and superseded by the Federal program.
            (b) The provision of any State statute or regulation which provides for more stringent land use and environmental control and regulation of coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations than do the provisions of the Act or any regulation issued under the Act shall not be preempted and superseded by the Director and shall be incorporated into the Federal program for the State.
            [44 FR 15329, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 47 FR 26367, June 17, 1982]

            § 736.24
            Federal program effect on State funding.
            (a) After the withdrawal of a State program and the promulgation and implementation of a complete Federal program for a State and extending until approval of a new State program, the Director shall not—
            (1) Approve, fund or continue to fund a State abandoned mine reclamation program, under section 405(c) of the Act and 30 CFR 884.14, 884.15, 884.16 and 886.18; or,
            (2) Make any grants to assist the State in administering and enforcing State programs under the Act and 30 CFR 735.11 and 735.12.
            (b) After the withdrawal of a State program in part and the promulgation and implementation of a partial Federal program for a State and extending until the approval of a complete State program the Director shall not—
            (1) Approve, fund or continue to fund a State abandoned mine reclamation program, under section 405(c) of the Act and 30 CFR 884.14, 884.15, 884.16 and 886.18, unless the Director finds, in writing, that discontinuation of funding would not be consistent with achieving the purposes of the Act, and
            (2) Make any grants to assist the State in administering and enforcing State programs under the Act and 30 CFR 735.12, unless the Director finds in writing that discontinuation of funding would not be consistent with achieving the purposes of the Act.

            § 736.25
            Permit fees.
            (a) Applicability. An applicant for a new permit to conduct surface coal mining operations under a Federal program shall submit to OSM fees in the amounts set out in paragraph (d) of this section. For applications submitted prior to the effective date of this rule, fees shall apply only for stages of OSM review begun on or after the effective date. The applicant shall either submit all applicable fees with the permit application, or by stage of review as follows:
            (1) Administrative completeness review. An applicant who pays by stage of review shall submit the administrative completeness review fee with the permit application.
            (2) Technical review. Following receipt from OSM of a notice of administrative completeness, an applicant who pays by stage of review shall submit the technical review basic fee, plus the per-acre fee for each acre of disturbed area or fraction thereof to be included in the permit area.
            (3) Permit issuance. Following receipt from OSM of a notice of technical adequacy, an applicant who pays by stage of review shall submit the decision document fee.
            (b) Refund of fees. (1) Upon receipt of a written request from an applicant, OSM will refund any permit fees paid under this section for a permit application when OSM denies the permit:
            (i) On the basis of information concerning endangered or threatened species or their critical habitats or information. concerning cultural or historical resources, where such information was not available prior to submission of the permit application;
            (ii) Because subsequent to submittal of a permit application, the lands contained in the permit application are declared unsuitable for mining under subchapter F of this chapter; or

            (iii) Because subsequent to submittal of a permit application, the applicant is denied valid existing rights to mine under part 761 of this chapter where such rights are required for surface coal mining operations on the lands contained in the permit application.

            (2) An applicant may file a written request for withdrawal of a permit application and a refund of fees in accordance with paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
            (3) OSM will, upon receipt of written request for withdrawal of a permit application, cease processing of that application. If requested, OSM will refund fees paid by the applicant for the withdrawn application as follows:
            (i) Any fees for a stage of OSM review not yet begun will be refunded;
            (ii) Where technical review has begun, partial refund will be made of any technical review fee amounts remaining after deduction of actual OSM costs incurred for that technical review. Costs to process the withdrawal may also be deducted.
            (4) No interest will be paid on refunded fees.
            (c) Form of payment. All fees due under this section shall be submitted to OSM by the applicant in the form of a certified check, bank draft or money order, payable to Office of Surface Mining.
            (d) Fee schedule for a new permit.

                Administrative completeness review
                $250.00

                Technical review:

                Basic fee
                1350.00

                Fee per acre of disturbed area in permit area:

                First 1,000 acres
                13.50/acre

                Second 1,000 acres
                6.00/acre

                Third 1,000 acres
                4.00/acre

                Additional acres
                3.00/acre

                Decision Document
                2000.00

            [55 FR 29548, July 19, 1990]

        SUBCHAPTER D—FEDERAL LANDS PROGRAM

          Pt. 740
          PART 740—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS ON FEDERAL LANDS

            Sec.
            740.1
            Scope and purpose.
            740.4
            Responsibilities.
            740.5
            Definitions.
            740.10
            Information collection.
            740.11
            Applicability.
            740.13
            Permits.
            740.15
            Bonds on Federal lands.
            740.17
            Inspection, enforcement and civil penalties.
            740.19
            Performance standards.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 740.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part provides for the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands.

            § 740.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) The Secretary is responsible for:

            (1) Approval, disapproval or conditional approval of mining plans with respect to lands containing leased Federal coal and of modifications thereto, in accordance with the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, as amended, 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.;

            (2) Execution, modification or termination of State-Federal cooperative agreements in accordance with part 745 of this chapter;
            (3) Designation of areas of Federal lands as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining and reclamation operations, or termination of such designations, in accordance with part 769 of this chapter;
            (4) Decisions on requests to determine whether a person possesses valid existing rights to conduct surface coal mining operations on Federal lands within the areas specified in § 761.11(a) and (b) of this chapter; and
            (5) Issuance of findings concerning whether there are significant recreational, timber, economic, or other values that may be incompatible with surface coal mining operations on Federal lands within a national forest, as specified in § 761.11(b) of this chapter.
            (b) OSM is responsible for:
            (1) Providing a decision document recommending to the Secretary approval, disapproval or conditional approval of mining plans and of modifications thereto;
            (2) Approval of experimental practices on Federal lands;
            (3) Inspection, enforcement and civil penalties with respect to surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands except as provided in paragraph (c)(5) of this section;
            (4) Processing citizen requests for Federal inspections on Federal lands in accordance with parts 842, 843 and 845 of this chapter; and
            (5) Overseeing the State regulatory authority's administration and enforcement of the State program on Federal lands pursuant to the terms of any cooperative agreement.
            (c) The following responsibilities of OSM may be delegated to a State regulatory authority under a cooperative agreement:
            (1) Review and approval, conditional approval of disapproval or permit applications for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands, revisions or renewals thereof, and applications for the transfer, sale or assignment of such permits;
            (2) Consultation with and obtaining the consent, as necessary, of the Federal land management agency with respect to post-mining land use and to any special requirements necessary to protect non-coal resources of the areas affected by surface coal mining and reclamation operations;
            (3) Consultation with and obtaining the consent, as necessary, of the Bureau of Land Management with respect to requirements relating to the development, production and recovery of mineral resources on lands affected by surface coal mining and reclamation operations involving leased Federal coal pursuant to 43 CFR Group 3400;

            (4) Approval and release of performance bonds, liability insurance and, as applicable, Federal lessee protection bonds required for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands. Approval and release of Federal lessee protection bonds requires the concurrence of the Federal land management agency;
            (5) Responsibilities of the regulatory authority with respect to inspection, enforcement and civil penalty activities for (i) exploration operations not subject to 43 CFR Group 3400, and (ii) surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands;
            (6) Review and approval of exploration operations not subject to the requirements of 43 CFR Group 3400; and

            (7) Preparation of documentation to comply with the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.), except, OSM continues to be responsible for:
            (i) Determining the scope, content and format and ensuring the objectivity of NEPA compliance documents;
            (ii) Making the determination of whether or not the preparation of an environmental impact statement is required.
            (iii) Notifying and soliciting views of other State and Federal agencies, as appropriate, on the environmental effects of the proposed action;
            (iv) Publishing and distributing draft and final NEPA compliance documents;
            (v) Making policy responses to comments on draft NEPA compliance documents;
            (vi) Independently evaluating NEPA compliance documents; and
            (vii) Adopting NEPA compliance documents and determining Federal actions to be taken on alternatives presented in such documents.
            (d) The Bureau of Land Management is responsible for:
            (1) Receiving and approving exploration plans pursuant to 43 CFR Group 3400;
            (2) Inspection, enforcement and civil penalties with respect to the terms and conditions of coal exploration licenses issued pursuant to 43 CFR Group 3400;
            (3) Inspection, enforcement and civil penalties with respect to the terms and conditions of exploration operations subject to 43 CFR Group 3400;
            (4) Reviewing the resource recovery and protection plan and modifications thereto, as required by 43 CFR Group 3400 and recommending to the Secretary approval, disapproval or conditional approval of the resource recovery and protection plan;
            (5) Inspection, enforcement and civil penalties with respect to the recovery and protection of the coal resource as required by 43 CFR Group 3400;
            (6) Protecting mineral resources not included in the coal lease;
            (7) Issuance of exploration licenses for Federal coal subject to the requirements of 43 CFR Group 3400;
            (8) Issuance of leases and licenses to mine Federal coal subject to the requirements of 43 CFR Group 3400; and

            (9) Issuance, readjustment, modification, termination, cancellation, and approval of transfers of Federal coal leases pursuant to the Mineral Leasing Act and the Mineral Leasing Act for Acquired Lands of 1947, as amended, 30 U.S.C. 351 et seq.

            (e) The Federal land management agency is responsible for:
            (1) Determining post-mining land uses;
            (2) Protection of non-mineral resources;
            (3) Requiring such conditions as may be appropriate to regulate surface coal mining and reclamation operations under other provisions of law applicable to such lands under its jurisdiction; and
            (4) Where land containing leased Federal coal is under the surface jurisdiction of a Federal agency other than the Department, concur in the terms of the mining plan approval.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 55 FR 9401, Mar. 13, 1990; 64 FR 70830, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 740.5
            Definitions.
            (a) As used in this subchapter, the term:

              Authorized officer means any person authorized to take official action on behalf of a Federal agency that has administrative jurisdiction over Federal lands.

              Coal lease means a Federal coal lease or license issued by the Bureau of Land Management pursuant to the Mineral Leasing Act and the Federal Acquired Lands Leasing Act of 1947 (30 U.S.C. 351 et seq.).

              Cooperative agreement means a cooperative agreement entered into in accordance with section 523(c) of the Act and part 745 of this chapter.

              Federal land management agency means a Federal agency having administrative jurisdiction over the surface of Federal lands that are subject to these regulations.

              Federal lease bond means the bond or equivalent security required by 43 CFR part 3400 to assure compliance with the terms and conditions of a Federal coal lease.

              Federal lessee protection bond means a bond payable to the United States or the State, whichever is applicable, for use and benefit of a permittee or lessee of the surface lands to secure payment of any damages to crops or tangible improvements on Federal lands, pursuant to section 715 of the Act.

              Lease terms, conditions and stipulations means all of the standard provisions of a Federal coal lease, including provisions relating to lease duration, fees, rentals, royalties, lease bond, production and recordkeeping requirements, and lessee rights of assignment, extension, renewal, termination and expiration, and site-specific requirements included in Federal coal leases in addition to other terms and conditions which relate to protection of the environment and of human, natural and mineral resources.

              Leased Federal coal means coal leased by the United States pursuant to 43 CFR part 3400, except mineral interests in coal on Indian lands.

              Mineral Leasing Act or MLA means the Mineral Leasing Act of 1920, as amended, 30 U.S.C. 181, et seq.

              Mining plan means the plan for mining leased Federal coal required by the Mineral Leasing Act.

              Permit application package means a proposal to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands, including an application for a permit, permit revision or permit renewal, all the information required by the Act, this subchapter, the applicable State program, any applicable cooperative agreement and all other applicable laws and regulations including, with respect to leased Federal coal, the Mineral Leasing Act and its implementing regulations.

              Regulatory authority means the State regulatory authority pursuant to a cooperative agreement approved under part 745 of this chapter or, in the absence of a cooperative agreement, OSM.

              TVA-owned lands means land owned by the United States and entrusted to or managed by the Tennessee Valley Authority.
            (b) The following terms shall have meanings as set forth in 43 CFR parts 3400: Exploration; exploration plan; maximum economic recovery; method of operation; mine; and resource recovery and protection plan.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983]

            § 740.10
            Information collection.
            (a) In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of this part. The OMB clearance number is 1029-0027. This information is needed to implement section 523 of the Act, which governs surface coal mining operations on Federal lands. Persons intending to conduct such operations must respond to obtain a benefit.
            (b) OSM estimates that the public reporting burden for this part will average 26 hours per respondent, including time spent reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of these information collection requirements, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attention: Interior Desk Officer, 725 17th Street, N.W, Washington, DC 20503. Please refer to OMB Control Number 1029-0027 in any correspondence.
            [64 FR 70831, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 740.11
            Applicability.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, both this subchapter and the pertinent State or Federal regulatory program in subchapter T of this chapter apply to:
            (1) Coal exploration operations on Federal lands not subject to 43 CFR part 3400, and
            (2) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations taking place on any Federal lands as defined in § 700.5 of this chapter, and lands (except Indian lands) over leased or unleased Federal minerals.
            (b) Where OSM is the regulatory authority, references in the State program to the State or an agency or official of the State (with respect to functions of the State acting as regulatory authority) shall be construed as referring to OSM.
            (c) Where the Secretary and a State have entered into a cooperative agreement, the cooperative agreement shall delineate the responsibilities of the Secretary and the State with respect to the administration of the regulatory program and this subchapter.
            (d) Nothing in this subchapter shall affect in any way the authority of the Secretary or any Federal land management agency to include in any lease, license, permit, contract, or other instrument such conditions as may be appropriate to regulate surface coal mining and reclamation operations under provisions of law other than the Act on land under their jurisdiction.
            (e) This subchapter shall not apply to surface coal mining and reclamation operations within a State prior to approval or promulgation of a regulatory program for the State.
            (f) Where coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations within a State are on Federal lands and where no State or Federal program has been approved for the State, this subchapter shall apply in that State upon the effective date of these regulations.
            (g) The definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5 of this chapter applies to any decision on a request for a determination of valid existing rights to conduct surface coal mining operations on the lands specified in § 761.11(a) and (b) of this chapter.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983; 48 FR 13985, Apr. 1, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 55 FR 9402, Mar. 13, 1990; 64 FR 70831, Dec. 17, 1999; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 740.13
            Permits.
            (a) General requirements. (1) No person shall conduct surface coal mining operations on lands subject to this part unless that person has first obtained a permit issued pursuant to the regulatory program and this part.
            (2) Every person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this part shall comply with the terms and conditions of the permit and the lease or license, the Act, this subchapter, the regulatory program and all other applicable State and Federal laws and regulations.
            (3) Surface coal mining operations authorized under the initial regulatory program or 43 CFR parts 3400, as applicable, may be conducted beyond the eight-month period prescribed in the applicable regulatory program if all of the following conditions are present:
            (i) A timely and administratively complete application for a permit to conduct those operations under this part has been made to the regulatory authority in accordance with the provisions of this part and the applicable regulatory program;
            (ii) The regulatory authority has not yet rendered a final decision with respect to the permit application; and
            (iii) Those operations are conducted in compliance with all terms and conditions of the initial regulatory program approval or permit, the requirements of the Act. 30 CFR chapter VII, subchapter B or 43 CFR parts 3400, as applicable, applicable State laws and regulations, and the requirements of the applicable lease or license.
            (b) Permit application package. (1) Each application for a permit, or permit revision or renewal thereof to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this part shall be accompanied by a fee made payable to the regulatory authority. The amount of the fee shall be determined in accordance with the permit fee criteria of the applicable regulatory program.
            (2) Unless specified otherwise by the regulatory authority, seven copies of the complete permit application package shall be filed with the regulatory authority.
            (3) Each permit application package shall include:
            (i) The information required for a permit application or for an application for revision or renewal of a permit under the applicable regulatory program;
            (ii) The resource recovery and protection plan required by 43 CFR parts 3400 for operations on lands containing leased Federal coal; and
            (iii) Where OSM is the regulatory authority or where the proposed operations are on lands containing leased Federal coal, the following supplemental information to ensure compliance with Federal laws and regulations other than the Act:

            (A) A description of the affected area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation with respect to: (1) Increases in employment, population and revenues to public and private entities, and (2) the ability of public and private entities to provide goods and services necessary to support surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (B) An evaluation of impacts to the scenic and aesthetic resources, including noise on the surrounding area, due to the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (C) A statement, including maps and ownership data as appropriate, of any cultural or historical sits listed on the National Register of Historic Places within the affected area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (D) A statement of the classes of properties of potential significance within the disturbed area, and a plan for the identification and treatment, in accordance with 36 CFR part 800, of properties significant and listed or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places within the disturbed area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (E) A description of the probable changes in air quality resulting from the mining operation and any necessary measures to comply with prevention of significant deterioration limitations, State Implementation Plans, or other Federal or State laws for air quality protection.
            (F) A description of the location, acreage and condition of important habitats of selected indicator species located within the affected area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (G) A description of active and inactive nests and prey areas of any Bald or Golden eagles located within the affected area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (H) A description of all threatened and endangered species and their critical habitats located within the affected area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (4) Where the surface of the Federal lands is subject to a lease or permit issued by the Federal government to a person other than the applicant, the permit application package shall contain information sufficient to demonstrate compliance with the requirements of § 740.15(c)(1). This requirement shall not apply to TVA-owned lands.
            (c) Permit review and processing. Applications for permits, permit revisions or renewals thereof to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this part shall be reviewed and processed in accordance with the requirements of the applicable regulatory program, subject to the following additional requirements:
            (1) Permit terms and conditions. Permits shall include, as applicable, terms and conditions required by the lease issued pursuant to the Mineral Leasing Act and by other applicable Federal laws and regulations.
            (2) Criteria for permit approval or denial. The regulatory authority shall not approve an application for a permit, or permit revision or renewal thereof for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this part unless the application is in accordance with the requirements of the applicable regulatory program and this part or a cooperative agreement, as applicable.
            (3) Public participation in permit review process. Where public hearings were held and determinations made under section 2(a)(3) (A), (B) and (C) of the Mineral Leasing Act (30 U.S.C. 201(a)(3) (A), (B) and (C)), such hearings may be made a part of the record of each public hearing on a permit application held pursuant to the requirements of the applicable regulatory program and this part. Matters covered at such hearings and determinations made at such hearings need not be readdressed.
            (4) Permit review processing for operations on lands administered by a Federal land management agency. Upon receipt of a permit application package or a proposed revision or renewal of an approved permit that involves surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands administered by an agency of the Federal Government, the regulatory authority shall transmit a copy of the complete permit application package, or proposed revision or renewal thereof, to the Federal land management agency, with a request for review and comment.
            (5) Consultation with other Federal agencies. Prior to approving or disapproving a permit, permit revision or renewal thereof, the regulatory authority shall consider the comments of the Federal land management agency and include these comments in the record of permit decisions.
            (6) Permit processing schedule. The regulatory authority shall process the permit application package within the time schedule established by the applicable regulatory program, except that the schedule may be extended if necessary to ensure compliance with Federal laws and regulations other than the Act.
            (7) Determination of operator compliance with the Act. Where OSM is the regulatory authority, it shall afford the applicant or operator an opportunity for an adjudicatory hearing as provided in 43 CFR part 4 prior to a final determination on whether the applicant, or the operator specified in the application, controls or has controlled mining operations with a demonstrated pattern of willful violations of the Act of such nature and duration and with such resulting irreparable damage to the environment as to indicate an intent not to comply with the provisions of the Act.
            (8) Administrative review of decisions on permit applications. Where OSM is the regulatory authority, the final decision on a permit application is subject to an appeal to the Department's Office of Hearings and Appeals as provided in part 775 of this chapter. Where the State is the regulatory authority under a cooperative agreement, the final decision on a permit application is subject to administrative review as provided under the approved State program.
            (9) Bonds and insurance required for issuance of permits. After the approval of an application for a new or revised permit or for renewal of an existing permit, but prior to issuance of such permit, the applicant/permittee shall file with the regulatory authority: (i) A performance bond which meets the requirements of the applicable regulatory program; (ii) proof of liability insurance in accordance with the applicable regulatory program; and (iii) where required, evidence of the execution of a Federal lessee protection bond. Bonds required to be filed with OSM shall be in a form required by OSM and made payable to the United States.
            (d) Review of permit revisions. (1) Where the State is the regulatory authority for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this subchapter, it shall inform OSM of each request for a permit revision with respect to operations on lands containing leased Federal coal.
            (2) OSM shall review each permit revision in consultation with the Bureau of Land Management and the appropriate Federal land management agency to determine whether the permit revision constitutes a mining plan modification requiring the Secretary's approval under § 746.18 of this chapter.

            (3) The regulatory authority shall consult with the Federal land management agency to determine whether any permit revision will adversely affect Federal resources other than coal and whether the revision is consistent with that agency's land use plans for other Federal laws, regulations and executive orders for which it is responsible.
            (e) Transfer, assignment or sale of rights. (1) The regulatory authority, before approving or disapproving an application for transfer, assignment or sale of rights granted under a permit issued pursuant to this subchapter, shall consult with the appropriate Federal land management agency and the Bureau of Land Management, as applicable.
            (2) Approval of a transfer, assignment or sale of rights granted under a permit issued pursuant to this subchapter shall not be construed to constitute a transfer or assignment of leasehold interests. Leasehold interests may be transferred or assigned only in accordance with 43 CFR part 3453.
            (f) Suspension or revocation of permits. (1) A permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands may be suspended or revoked by the regulatory authority in accordance with part 843 of this chapter and the applicable regulatory program.
            (2) If a permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands containing leased Federal coal is suspended or revoked, the regulatory authority shall notify the Bureau of Land Management so that the Bureau of Land Management can determine whether action should be taken to cancel the Federal lease. This section does not release the Federal lessee from the diligent development or continued operation requirements of 43 CFR parts 3400.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 54 FR 13822, Apr. 5, 1989]

            § 740.15
            Bonds on Federal lands.
            (a) Federal lease bonds. (1) Each holder of a Federal coal lease that is covered by a Federal lease bond required under 43 CFR part 3474 may apply to the authorized officer for release of liability for that portion of the Federal lease bond that covers reclamation requirements.
            (2) The authorized officer may release the liability for that portion of the Federal lease bond that covers reclamation requirements if:
            (i) The lessee has secured a suitable performance bond covering the permit area under this part;
            (ii) There are no pending actions or unresolved claims against existing bonds; and
            (iii) The authorized officer has received concurrence from OSM and the Bureau of Land Management.
            (b) Performance bonds. Where the State is the regulatory authority under a cooperative agreement, the performance bonds required for operations on Federal lands shall be made payable to the United States and the State. Where OSM is the regulatory authority, such bonds shall be payable only to the United States.
            (c) Federal lessee protection bonds. (1) Where leased Federal coal is to be mined and the surface of the land is subject to a lease or permit issued by the United States for purposes other than surface coal mining, the applicant for a mining permit, if unable to obtain the written consent of the permittee or lessee of the surface to enter and commence surface coal mining operations, shall submit to the regulatory authority with his application evidence of execution of a bond or undertaking which meets the requirements of this section. The Federal lessee protection bond is in addition to the performance bond required by a regulatory program. This section does not apply to permits or licenses for the use of the surface that do not convey to the permittee or licensee the right of transfer, sale or consent to other uses.
            (2) The bond shall be payable to the United States and, as applicable, the State for the use and benefit of the permittee or lessee of the surface lands involved.
            (3) The bond shall secure payment to the surface estate for any damage which the surface coal mining and reclamation operation causes to the crops or tangible improvements of the permittee or lessee of the surface lands.

            (4) The amount of the bond shall be determined either by the applicant and the Federal lessee or permittee or as determined in an action brought against the person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations or upon the bond in a court of competent jurisdiction.

            (d) Release of bonds. (1) A Federal lease bond may be released upon satisfactory compliance with all applicable requirements of 43 CFR Group 3400 and after the release is concurred in by the Bureau of Land Management.
            (2) A Federal lessee protection bond shall be released upon the written consent of the permittee or lessee.
            (3) Where surface coal mining and reclamation operations are subject to an approved mining plan, a performance bond shall be released by the State after the release is concurred in by OSM.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983; 48 FR 13985, Apr. 1, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 55 FR 9402, Mar. 13, 1990]

            § 740.17
            Inspection, enforcement and civil penalties.
            (a) General requirements. (1) Where OSM is the regulatory authority, parts 840, 842, 843 and 845 of this chapter shall govern its inspection, enforcement and civil penalty activities with respect to surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands.
            (2) Where the State is the regulatory authority under a cooperative agreement, the State program shall govern inspection, enforcement and civil penalty activities by the regulatory authority with respect to surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands, while the requirements of part 842, 843 and 845 of this chapter shall govern OSM inspection, enforcement and civil penalty activities conducted in oversight of the State program.
            (3) The requirements of this section shall not apply to coal exploration on Federal lands subject to the requirements of 43 CFR parts 3400.
            (b) Right of entry. (1) Persons engaging in coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands shall provide access for any authorized officer of OSM, the regulatory authority, and, as applicable, the Bureau of Land Management or the appropriate Federal land management agency to inspect the operations, without advance notice or a search warrant and upon presentation of appropriate credentials, to determine whether the operations are in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, notices and orders, and terms and conditions of the permit.
            (2) Any authorized representative of the regulatory authority and, as applicable, the Bureau of Land Management may, at reasonable times and without delay, have access to and copy any records and inspect any monitoring equipment or method of operation required under the Act, this subchapter and the permit, lease, license or mining plan in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section.
            (3) No search warrant shall be required with respect to any activity under paragraph (a) or (b) of this section, except entry into a building without consent of the person in control of the building.
            (c) Inspections. Inspections shall, to the extent practical, be conducted jointly if more than one government agency is involved. The regulatory authority shall coordinate inspections by Federal agencies and may request the participation of representatives from other Federal agencies when necessary to ensure compliance with this subchapter and other applicable Federal laws, regulations and orders.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983]

            § 740.19
            Performance standards.
            (a) Operations and reclamation. (1) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this part shall be conducted in accordance with the performance standards of the applicable regulatory program.
            (2) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands containing leased Federal coal shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of the terms, conditions and stipulations of the lease issued under the Mineral Leasing Act and its implementing regulations in 43 CFR parts 3400, as applicable, and the mining plan.
            (b) Completion of operations and abandonment. (1) Upon completion of operations, bonds shall be released in accordance with § 740.15(d) of this chapter.
            (2) Where there is a Federal lease bond:

            (i) Not less than 30 days prior to permanent cessation or abandonment of surface coal mining and reclamation operations, the person conducting those operations shall submit to OSM, in duplicate, a notice of intention to cease or abandon those operations, with a statement of the number of acres affected by the operations, the extent and kind of reclamation accomplished and the structures and other facilities that are to be removed from or remain on the permit area.
            (ii) Upon receipt of this notice, the Bureau of Land Management and the appropriate Federal land management agency shall promptly make joint inspections to determine whether all operations have been completed in accordance with the requirements of 43 CFR parts 3400, the lease or licenses and the mining plan. Where all of these requirements have been complied with, the liability under the lease bond of the person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall be terminated.
            (3) Where OSM is the regulatory authority, public hearings held with respect to final abandonment and releases of the performance bonds shall be in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 554 and 43 CFR part 4.
            [48 FR 6935, Feb. 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983]

          Pt. 745
          PART 745—STATE-FEDERAL COOPERATIVE AGREEMENTS

            Sec.
            745.1
            Scope.
            745.10
            Information collection.
            745.11
            Application and agreement.
            745.12
            Terms.
            745.13
            Authority reserved by the Secretary.
            745.14
            Amendments.
            745.15
            Termination.
            745.16
            Reinstatement.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 6939, Feb. 16, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 745.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth requirements for the development, approval and administration of cooperative agreements under section 523(c) of the Act.

            § 745.10
            Information collection.
            (a) In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of this part. The OMB clearance number is 1029-0092. This information is needed to implement section 523(c) of the Act, which allows States to regulate surface coal mining operations on Federal lands under certain conditions. States that desire to enter into cooperative agreements to do so must respond to obtain a benefit.
            (b) OSM estimates that the public reporting burden for this part will average 1,364 hours per respondent, including time spent reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of these information collection requirements, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, 1951 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attention: Interior Desk Officer, 725 17th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20503. Please refer to OMB Control Number 1029-0092 in any correspondence.
            [64 FR 70831, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 745.11
            Application and agreement.
            (a) The Governor of any State may request that the Secretary enter into a cooperative agreement with the State, provided the State has an approved State regulatory program or has submitted a regulatory program for approval under part 731 of this chapter, and has or may have within the State surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands.
            (b) A request for a cooperative agreement shall be submitted in writing and, except to the extent previously submitted in the State program, shall include the following information:
            (1) Information sufficient for OSM to make findings in accordance with paragraph (f) of this section;
            (2) A proposed agreement consistent with the requirements of this part; and

            (3) A certification by the Attorney General or the chief legal officer of the State regulatory authority that no State statutory, regulatory or legal constraint exists which would preclude the State regulatory authority from fully carrying out the proposed cooperative agreement.

            (c) OSM shall publish a notice of the request and the full text of the terms of the proposed cooperative agreement as submitted or as subsequently modified by OSM and the State in the Federal Register as a proposed rule. A notice of the request and a summary of the terms of the proposed agreement shall also be published in a newspaper(s) of general circulation throughout the State. Both notices shall include:
            (1) The location at which a copy of the request submitted by the State may be obtained; and
            (2) A date, not less than 30 days after publication of the notices, before which members of the public may submit written comments on the request and the person to whom comments should be addressed.

            (d) A public hearing shall be held within the comment period in a suitable location in the State requesting the cooperative agreement. This hearing may be combined with public hearings required under part 732 of this chapter for the Secretary's consideration of approval of a State program submission, if appropriate. The date, time and place of the public hearing(s) on the request will be published in the Federal Register not less than 15 days prior to the date of the hearing.
            (e) Before the expiration of the comment period, OSM shall consult with the Bureau of Land Management, Fish and Wildlife Service, and Federal land management agencies, as appropriate, with respect to the proposed cooperative agreement.
            (f) OSM shall recommend to the Secretary that a cooperative agreement be entered into with a State, if OSM finds that:
            (1) The State has an approved State regulatory program;
            (2) The State regulatory authority has sufficient budget, equipment and personnel to enforce fully its regulatory program on lands subject to this part in the State; and
            (3) The State has the legal authority to enter into the cooperative agreement.
            (g) The Secretary shall publish in the Federal Register his or her decision with respect to a request by a State to enter into a cooperative agreement and the reasons therefor and the full text of the cooperative agreement.

            § 745.12
            Terms.
            Each cooperative agreement shall include:
            (a) Terms obligating the State regulatory authority to inspect all surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in accordance with the State regulatory program and to enforce the State program on Federal lands;
            (b) A description of the powers and authority reserved by the Secretary, including, but not limited to, those specified under § 745.13;
            (c) Provisions for the administration and enforcement by OSM and the State of this subchapter so as to minimize overlap and duplication;
            (d) Provisions for regular reports by the State regulatory authority to OSM on the results of the State's implementation and administration of the cooperative agreement.
            (e) Terms requiring the State regulatory authority to maintain sufficient personnel and facilities to comply with the terms of the cooperative agreement, and to notify OSM of any substantial change in State statutes, regulations, funding, staff, or other changes which would affect the State's ability to carry out the terms of the cooperative agreement;
            (f) Terms for coordination among the State regulatory authority, the Federal land management agency, the Bureau of Land Management and OSM;
            (g) Terms obligating the State regulatory authority to—
            (1) Make available to OSM information on any action taken regarding any permit application for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands; and

            (2) Where lands containing leased Federal coal are involved, provide OSM, in the form specified by OSM in consultation with the State, with written findings indicating that each permit application is in compliance with the terms of the regulatory program and a technical analysis of each permit application to assist OSM in meeting its responsibilities under other applicable Federal laws and regulations.

            § 745.13
            Authority reserved by the Secretary.
            The Secretary shall not delegate to any State, nor shall any cooperative agreement under this part be construed to delegate to any State, authority to—
            (a) Designate Federal lands as unsuitable for surface coal mining under subchapter F of this chapter or terminate such designations;

            (b) Comply with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, as amended, 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., and Federal laws and regulations other than SMCRA;
            (c) Develop land use management plans for Federal lands where the surface estate is federally-owned;
            (d) Regulate non-coal mining activities on Federal lands;
            (e) Determine when, where, and how to lease Federal coal and how much to lease;
            (f) Develop terms for Federal coal leases, including any special terms relating to mining and reclamation procedures;
            (g) Evaluate Federal coal resources;
            (h) Establish royalties, rents, and bonuses charged in connection with Federal coal leases;
            (i) Approve mining plans or modifications thereto;
            (j) Enforce Federal lease terms, including diligent development and maximum economic recovery requirements;
            (k) Approve or determine post-mining land uses for Federal lands where the surface estate is federally-owned;
            (l) Release Federal lease bonds;
            (m) Evaluate the State's administration and enforcement of the approved State program and implementation of the cooperative agreement on Federal lands;
            (n) Comply with the inspection, enforcement and civil penalties requirements of parts 842 and 843 of this chapter except as provided under § 740.4(c)(5) of this chapter;
            (o) Determine whether a person has valid existing rights to conduct surface coal mining operations on Federal lands within the areas specified in § 761.11(a) and (b) of this chapter; or
            (p) Issue findings on whether there are significant recreational, timber, economic, or other values that may be incompatible with surface coal mining operations on Federal lands within a national forest, as specified in § 761.11(b) of this chapter.
            [48 FR 6939, Feb. 16, 1983, as amended at 64 FR 70831, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 745.14
            Amendments.
            A cooperative agreement which has been approved pursuant to § 745.11 may be amended by mutual agreement of the Secretary and the Governor of a State. Amendments shall be adopted by Federal rulemaking, in accordance with § 745.11.

            § 745.15
            Termination.
            (a) A cooperative agreement may be terminated by the State upon written notice to the Secretary, specifying the date upon which the cooperative agreement shall be terminated. The date of termination shall not be less than 90 days from the date of the notice.
            (b) A cooperative agreement may be terminated by the Secretary after giving notice to the State regulatory authority and affording the State regulatory authority and the public an opportunity for a public hearing and comment period, in accordance with the cooperative agreement, if the Secretary finds that:
            (1) The State regulatory authority has substantially failed to comply with the requirements of this subchapter, the State program, or the cooperative agreement, or
            (2) The State regulatory authority has failed to comply with any undertaking by the State in the cooperative agreement upon which approval of the State program, cooperative agreement, or grant by OSM for administration or enforcement of the State program or cooperative agreement was based.
            (c) A cooperative agreement shall terminate—

            (1) When no longer authorized by Federal law or the applicable State laws and regulations; or
            (2) Upon termination or withdrawal of the Secretary's approval of the applicable State program.

            § 745.16
            Reinstatement.
            (a) A State may apply for reinstatement of the cooperative agreement by providing written evidence to OSM that the State has remedied all defects for which the agreement was terminated and is fully capable of carrying out the cooperative agreement. Any reinstatement shall be by Federal rulemaking in accordance with § 745.11.
            (b) OSM may recommend approval of the reinstatement to the Secretary if it finds that the State meets all the requirements for the initial approval of a cooperative agreement under this subchapter.
            (c) The Secretary may approve reinstatement of a cooperative agreement if the Secretary concurs in findings of OSM which recommended that approval.

          Pt. 746
          PART 746—REVIEW AND APPROVAL OF MINING PLANS

            Sec.
            746.1
            Scope.
            746.10
            Information collection.
            746.11
            General requirements.
            746.13
            Decision document and recommendation on mining plan.
            746.14
            Approval, disapproval or conditional approval, of mining plan.
            746.17
            Term of approval.
            746.18
            Mining plan modification.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 6941, Feb. 16, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 746.1
            Scope.
            This part provides the process and requirements for the review and approval, disapproval or conditional approval of mining plans on lands containing leased Federal coal.

            § 746.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in this section have been approved by OSM of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0026. The information is being collected to determine compliance with section 523 of the Act (30 U.S.C. 1273) and this part. The obligation to respond to the information collection requirements of this part is mandatory.

            § 746.11
            General requirements.
            (a) No person shall conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands containing leased Federal coal until the Secretary has approved the mining plan.
            (b) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands containing leased Federal coal shall be conducted in accordance with a permit issued in accordance with this subchapter, any lease terms and conditions, and the approved mining plan.

            § 746.13
            Decision document and recommendation on mining plan.
            OSM shall prepare and submit to the Secretary a decision document recommending approval, disapproval or conditional approval of the mining plan to the Secretary. The recommendation shall be based, at a minimum, upon:
            (a) The permit application package, including the resource recovery and protection plan;

            (b) Information prepared in compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, 42 U.S.C. 4321, et seq.;

            (c) Documentation assuring compliance with the applicable requirements of other Federal laws, regulations and executive orders other than the Act;
            (d) Comments and recommendations or concurrence of other Federal agencies, as applicable, and the public;
            (e) The findings and recommendations of the Bureau of Land Management with respect to the resource recovery and protection plan and other requirements of the lease and the Mineral Leasing Act;
            (f) The findings and recommendations of the regulatory authority with respect to the permit application and the State program; and
            (g) The findings and recommendations of OSM with respect to the additional requirements of this subchapter.

            § 746.14
            Approval, disapproval or conditional approval, of mining plan.
            The Secretary shall approve, disapprove or conditionally approve the mining plan in accordance with this part.

            § 746.17
            Term of approval.
            (a) Each mining plan approval shall cover the operations for which a complete permit application package was submitted, unless otherwise indicated in the approval.
            (b) An approved mining plan shall remain in effect until modified, cancelled or withdrawn and shall be binding on any person conducting mining under the approved mining plan.

            § 746.18
            Mining plan modification.
            (a) Mining plan modifications shall be approved by the Secretary.
            (b) The approval of mining plan modifications shall be in accordance with the procedures of this part for mining plan approval.
            (c) Surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands containing leased Federal coal pursuant to a permit revision issued by the regulatory authority shall not commence until—
            (1) OSM determines that the permit revision does not constitute a mining plan modification under this section, or
            (2) If the permit revision constitutes a mining plan modification under this section, such modification has been approved by the Secretary.
            (d) Permit revisions constitute mining plan modifications if they meet any of the following criteria:
            (1) Any change in the mining plan which would affect the conditions of its approval pursuant to Federal law or regulation other than the Act;
            (2) Any change which would adversely affect the level of protection afforded any land, facility or place designated unsuitable for mining;
            (3) Any change in the location or amount of coal to be mined, except where such change is the result of:
            (i) A minor change in the amount of coal actually available for mining from the amount estimated; or
            (ii) An incidental boundary change;
            (4) Any change which would extend coal mining and reclamation operations onto leased Federal coal lands for the first time;

            (5) Any change which requires the preparation of an environmental impact statement under the National Environmental Policy Act or 1969, 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.;
            (6) Any change in the mining operations and reclamation plan that would result in a change in the postmining land use where the surface is federally-owned.

        SUBCHAPTER E—INDIAN LANDS PROGRAM

          Pt. 750
          PART 750—REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS ON INDIAN LANDS

            Sec.
            750.1
            Scope.
            750.5
            Definitions.
            750.6
            Responsibilities.
            750.10
            Information collection.
            750.11
            Permits.
            750.12
            Permit applications.
            750.13
            Small operator assistance.
            750.14
            Lands designated unsuitable for mining by Act of Congress.
            750.15
            Coal exploration.
            750.16
            Performance standards.
            750.17
            Bonding.
            750.18
            Inspection and enforcement.
            750.19
            Certification of blasters.
            750.20
            [Reserved]
            750.21
            Coal extraction incidental to the extraction of other minerals.
            750.25
            Permit fees.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984, unless otherwise noted.

            § 750.1
            Scope.
            This subchapter provides for the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands and constitutes the Federal program for Indian lands.

            § 750.5
            Definitions.
            For purposes of regulating surface coal mining operations on Indian lands, the following terms, when used in this subchapter or in parts referenced by this subchapter, have the following meanings:

              BIA means the Bureau of Indian Affairs of the U.S. Department of the Interior.

              BLM means the Bureau of Land Management of the U.S. Department of the Interior.

              Federal program means the Federal program for Indian lands.

              Indian mineral owner means (1) any individual Indian or Alaska native who owns land or mineral interests in land the title to which is held in trust by the United States or is subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States, or (2) any Indian tribe, band, native, pueblo, community, rancheria, colony, or other group which owns land or mineral interest in land the title to which is held in trust by the United States or is subject to a restriction against alienation imposed by the United States. This definition does not include owners of lands patented to a village or regional corporation pursuant to the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, Pub. L. 92-203.

              Local government agencies means, in addition to county, city or township governments, Indian tribal governments.

              Minerals agreement means any joint venture, operating, production sharing, service, managerial, lease or other agreements, or any amendment, supplement to or modification of such agreement, providing for the exploration for, or extraction, processing, or the development of coal, or providing for the sale or other disposition of the production or products of such coal resources.

              MMS means the Minerals Management Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior.

              Regulatory authority means the Office of Surface Mining.

            § 750.6
            Responsibilities.
            (a) OSM shall: (1) Be the regulatory authority on Indian lands;
            (2) After consultation with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and, as applicable, with the Bureau of Land Management, conditionally approve, approve, or disapprove applications for permits, permit renewals, or permit revisions for surface coal mining operations on Indian lands, and applications for the transfer, sale or assignment of such permit rights on Indian lands;
            (3) Conduct inspection and enforcement activities with respect to surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands;

            (4) Consult with the BIA and the affected tribe with respect to special requirements relating to the protection of non-coal resources of the area affected by surface coal mining and reclamation operations, and assure operator compliance with such special requirements;
            (5) Consult with the Bureau of Land Management concerning requirements relating to the development, production and recovery of mineral resources on Indian lands;
            (6) Approve environmental protection performance bonds and liability insurance required for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands but not the production royalty bond; and

            (7) Ensure compliance with the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969, 42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq., with respect to permitting actions for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands.
            (b) The Bureau of Land Management is responsible for: (1) Receiving, reviewing, and conditionally approving, approving or disapproving coal exploration plans and mining plans, as provided in 25 CFR Chapter I or in specific Indian mineral agreements;
            (2) Administering, and conducting inspection and enforcement for, coal exploration operations on Indian lands;
            (3) Administering mining contract, lease or mineral agreement terms and conditions, as provided for in 25 CFR Chapter I or in specific Indian mineral agreements; and
            (4) Administering and conducting inspections and enforcement of terms and conditions of contracts, leases or mineral agreements for coal mining operations, including production verification and inspection of operations for that purpose.
            (c) The Minerals Management Service is responsible for collecting and accounting for royalties and other income from Indian mineral agreements except for annual rentals.
            (d) The Bureau of Indian Affairs is responsible for: (1) Consulting directly with and providing representation for Indian mineral owners and other Indian land owners in matters relating to surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Indian lands;
            (2) After consultation with the affected tribe, reviewing and making recommendations to OSM concerning permit applications, renewals, revisions or transfers of permits, permit rights or performance bonds; and
            (3) After consultation with the affected tribe, reviewing mining plans and making recommendations to the Bureau of Land Management pursuant to 25 CFR 216.7.

            § 750.10
            Information collection.
            The Office of Management and Budget has determined that the information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR part 750 do not require approval under the Paperwork Reduction Act.
            [59 FR 43420, Aug. 23, 1994]

            § 750.11
            Permits.
            (a) No person shall conduct surface coal mining operations on Indian lands after eight months following the effective date of this subchapter unless that person has first obtained a permit pursuant to this part.
            (b) Any person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands subject to this part shall comply with the terms and conditions of the permit, the requirements of this subchapter, and the Act.
            (c) Surface coal mining operations authorized prior to the effective date of this subchapter may be conducted beyond the eight-month period specified in paragraph (a) of this section if the following conditions are present:
            (1) An application for a permit to conduct those operations under this part has been made within two months of the implementation of the Federal program for Indian lands;
            (2) OSM has not yet rendered an initial administrative decision approving or disapproving the permit application; and
            (3) Those operations are conducted in compliance with all terms and conditions of the lease or minerals agreement, the existing authorization to mine, the requirements of the Act, and the requirements of 25 CFR Chapter I.

            (d) Whenever surface coal mining and reclamation operations are proposed to include both Indian lands and non-Indian lands, OSM will use reasonable efforts to ensure that reviews of the permit applications will be conducted cooperatively and concurrently by OSM and the regulatory authority responsible for the non-Indian lands.
            [49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984, as amended at 54 FR 13822, Apr. 5, 1989]

            § 750.12
            Permit applications.
            (a) Each application for a permit to conduct surface coal mining operations on lands subject to this part shall be accompanied by fees in accordance with § 750.25 of this part.
            (b) Unless specified otherwise by the regulatory authority, each person submitting a permit application shall file no less than seven copies of the complete permit application package with OSM. OSM will ensure that the affected tribes, the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and when applicable, the Bureau of Land Management receive copies of the application.
            (c)(1) The following requirements of subchapter G of this chapter shall govern the processing of permit applications on Indian lands except as specified in paragraph (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this section.
            (i) Part 773;
            (ii) Part 774;
            (iii) Part 775;
            (iv) Part 777;
            (v) Part 778;
            (vi) Part 779;
            (vii) Part 780;
            (viii) Part 783;
            (ix) Part 784; and
            (x) Part 785;
            (2) The following provisions of subchapter G are not applicable to permitting on Indian lands:
            (i) Part 772;
            (ii) Sections 773.4, 773.15(c), 777.17;
            (iii) Section 778.16 (a) and (b); and
            (iv) Sections 785.11, 785.12;
            (3) Special requirements. (i) Approval of a transfer, assignment, or sale of rights granted under a permit shall not be construed as approval of a transfer or assignment of a leasehold interest. Leasehold interests may be transferred or assigned only in accordance with 25 CFR parts 211 and 212.
            (ii) The following additional requirements are applicable to permit revisions:
            (A) Applications for revisions pursuant to § 774.13(b) of this chapter shall contain the same information on the proposed revised operation as if the revised operation had been proposed as part of the initial operation permitted under this part.

            (B) OSM shall determine if the application for revision is complete and if the proposed revision is significant. OSM shall consider the following factors as well as other relevant factors in determining the significance of a proposed revision: (1) Changes in production or recoverability of the coal resource; (2) the environmental effects; (3) the public interest in the operation, or likely interest in the proposed revision; and (4) possible adverse impacts from the proposed revision on fish or wildlife, endangered species, bald or golden eagles or cultural resources.
            (C) Significant revisions shall be processed as if they are new applications in accordance with parts 773 and 775 of this chapter. Other revisions shall be reviewed to determine if the findings which were made in issuing the original permit are still valid.
            (iii) Any section in this chapter which provides for consultation with, or notification to, State and local governments shall be interpreted as requiring in like manner consultation with, or notification to, tribal governments.
            (d) The permit application package shall also contain:
            (1) The mining plan required to be submitted by 25 CFR 216.7 or 43 CFR part 3480, as applicable.
            (2) The following information to assure compliance with Federal laws other than the Act:
            (i) The description of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation with respect to: (A) Increases in employment, population, and revenues to public and private entities; and (B) the ability of public and private entities to provide goods and services necessary to support surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (ii) An evaluation of impacts to the scenic and aesthetic resources, including noise on the surrounding area, due to the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.

            (iii) A statement, including maps and ownership data as appropriate, of any cultural or historical site listed on the National Register of Historic Places within the permit and adjacent areas of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (iv) A statement of the classes of properties of potential significance within the disturbed area, and a plan for the identification and treatment, in accordance with 36 CFR part 800, of properties significant and listed, or eligible for listing, on the National Register of Historic Places within the permit area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (v) A description of compliance with Federal laws aimed at protecting cultural resources on Indian lands.
            (vi) A description of the probable changes in air quality resulting from the surface coal mining operation and any necessary measures to comply with prevention of significant deterioration limitations, or other Federal laws for air quality protection.
            (vii) A description of the location, acreage and condition of important habitats of selected indicator species located within the permit and adjacent areas of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (viii) A description of active and inactive nests and prey areas of any bald or golden eagles located within the permit and adjacent areas of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (ix) A description and special studies, if required, of all threatened and endangered species and their critical habitats located within the permit and adjacent areas of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            [49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984, as amended at 54 FR 22188, May 22, 1989; 55 FR 29548, July 19, 1990; 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 750.13
            Small operator assistance.
            Part 795 of this chapter is applicable on Indian lands.

            § 750.14
            Lands designated unsuitable for mining by Act of Congress.
            Part 761 of this chapter is applicable on Indian lands.

            § 750.15
            Coal exploration.
            Coal exploration operations on Indian lands shall be conducted in accordance with 25 CFR part 216 and 43 CFR part 3480, whichever is applicable.

            § 750.16
            Performance standards.
            After OSM issues a permit under this part, a person conducting surface coal mining operations on Indian lands shall do so in accordance with parts 816, 817, 819, 822, 823, 824, 827, and 828 of this chapter. Prior to that time, the person conducting surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall adhere to the performance standards of 30 CFR chapter VII, subchapter B.
            [49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984, as amended at 59 FR 43420, Aug. 23, 1994]

            § 750.17
            Bonding.
            Subchapter J of this title is applicable on Indian lands.

            § 750.18
            Inspection and enforcement.
            (a) Parts 842, 843, 845 and 846 of this chapter and the hearings and appeals procedures of 43 CFR part 4 are applicable on Indian lands.
            (b) OSM shall furnish copies of notices and orders to mineral owners or surface owners on whose land the surface coal mining operation takes place. OSM may furnish copies of notices and orders to any other person having an interest in the surface coal mining and reclamation operation or the permit area.
            (c) BLM shall furnish copies of notices and orders to mineral owners or surface owners on whose land coal exploration operations take place and pursuant to 25 CFR 216.7 and 43 CFR part 3480, where applicable, to any mineral owner or surface owner, or to any person having an interest in the coal mining operation.
            (d) Whenever an authorized representative of the Secretary decides to conduct an inspection of any coal mining operations or any premises in which any records to be maintained are located, the appropriate representative of the local governing Indian tribe shall be notified and be invited to accompany the Secretary's representative on such an inspection.
            (e) No provision in this chapter shall be interpreted as replacing or superseding any other remedies of the Indian mineral owners, as set forth in a contract or otherwise available at law.

            (f) Appropriate officials of the local governing Indian tribe shall be notified of any hearings or conferences conducted regarding civil penalties and shall be invited to attend.
            [49 FR 38477, Sept. 28, 1984, as amended at 53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988]

            § 750.19
            Certification of blasters.
            A person seeking to conduct blasting operations on Indian lands shall comply with the requirements of §§ 816.61(c) and 817.61(c) and part 955 of this chapter.
            [51 FR 19461, May 29, 1986]

            § 750.20
            [Reserved]

            § 750.21
            Coal extraction incidental to the extraction of other minerals.
            Part 702 of this chapter is applicable on Indian lands.
            [54 FR 52123, Dec. 20, 1989]

            § 750.25
            Permit fees.
            (a) Applicability. An applicant for a new permit to conduct surface coal mining operations on lands subject to this part shall submit to OSM fees in the amounts set out in paragraph (d) of this section. For applications submitted prior to the effective date of this rule, fees shall apply only for stages of OSM review begun on or after the effective date. The applicant shall either submit all applicable fees with the permit application, or by stage of review as follows:
            (1) Administrative completeness review. An applicant who pays by stage of review shall submit the administrative completeness review fee with the permit application.
            (2) Technical review. Following receipt from OSM of a notice of administrative completeness, an applicant who pays by stage of review shall submit the technical review basic fee, plus the per-acre fee for each acre of disturbed area or fraction thereof to be included in the permit area.
            (3) Permit issuance. Following receipt from OSM of a notice of technical adequacy, an applicant who pays by stage of review shall submit the decision document fee.
            (b) Refund of fees. (1) Upon receipt of a written request from an applicant, OSM will refund any permit fees paid under this section for a permit application when OSM denies the permit:
            (i) On the basis of information concerning endangered or threatened species or their critical habitats or information concerning cultural or historical resources, where such information was not available prior to submission of the permit application;
            (ii) Because subsequent to submittal of a permit application, the lands contained in the permit application are declared unsuitable for mining under subchapter F of this chapter; or
            (iii) Because subsequent to submittal of a permit application, the applicant is denied valid existing rights to mine under part 761 of this chapter where such rights are required for surface coal mining operations on the lands contained in the permit application.
            (2) An applicant may file a written request for withdrawal of a permit application and a refund of fees in accordance with paragraph (b)(3) of this section.
            (3) OSM will, upon receipt of written request for withdrawal of a permit application, cease processing of that application. If requested, OSM will refund fees paid by the applicant for the withdrawn application as follows:
            (i) Any fees for a stage of OSM review not yet begun will be refunded;
            (ii) Where technical review has begun, partial refund will be made of any technical review fee amounts remaining after deduction of actual costs incurred for that technical review. Costs to process the withdrawal may also be deducted.
            (4) No interest will be paid on refunded fees.
            (c) Form of payment. All fees due under this section shall be submitted to OSM by the applicant in the form of a certified check, bank draft or money order, payable to Office of Surface Mining.
            (d) Fee schedule for a new permit.

                Administrative completeness review
                $250.00

                Technical review:

                Basic fee
                1350.00

                Fee per acre of disturbed area in permit area:

                First 1,000 acres
                13.50/acre

                Second 1,000 acres
                6.00/acre

                Third 1,000 acres
                4.00/acre

                Additional acres
                3.00/acre

                Decision document
                2000.00

            [55 FR 29548, July 19, 1990]

          Pt. 755
          PART 755—TRIBAL-FEDERAL INTERGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENTS

            Sec.
            755.1
            Scope.
            755.10
            Information collection.
            755.11
            Application and agreement.
            755.12
            Terms.
            755.13
            Authority reserved by the Secretary.
            755.14
            Amendments.
            755.15
            Termination.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87 30 U.S.C. 1201-1328.

            Source:
            49 FR 38480, Sept. 28, 1984, unless otherwise noted.

            § 755.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth requirements for the development, approval and administration of Tribal-Federal Intergovernmental Agreements.

            § 755.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in this part do not require approval from the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 because there are expected to be less than 10 respondents annually.

            § 755.11
            Application and agreement.
            (a) An Indian tribe may request that the Secretary enter into a Tribal-Federal intergovernmental agreement with the tribe.
            (b) A request for a Tribal-Federal intergovernmental agreement shall be submitted in writing and shall include proposed terms of the agreement consistent with the requirements of this part.

            § 755.12
            Terms.
            The terms in each Tribal-Federal intergovernmental agreement may include:
            (a) Provisions to allow the tribe to work with and assist OSM in the review of permit applications, and to recommend appropriate action on permits, permit applications, inspection and enforcement, and bond release or forfeiture; and
            (b) Provisions to provide funding for tribal employees to attend and testify at hearings and to perform other functions under the agreement.

            § 755.13
            Authority reserved by the Secretary.
            The Secretary shall not delegate to any Indian tribe, nor shall any Tribal-Federal Intergovernmental Agreement be construed to delegate to any tribe, the nondelegable authority exercised by or reserved to the Secretary on Indian lands.

            § 755.14
            Amendments.
            An agreement that has been approved pursuant to this part may be amended by mutual agreement of the Secretary and the officers of the tribe.

            § 755.15
            Termination.
            An agreement may be terminated by either party upon written notice to the other specifying the date upon which the agreement will be terminated. The date of termination shall be no less than 30 days from the date of the notice.

          Pt. 756
          PART 756—INDIAN TRIBE ABANDONED MINE LAND RECLAMATION PROGRAMS

            Sec.
            756.1
            Scope.
            756.13
            Approval of the Navajo Nation's abandoned mine land plan.
            756.14
            Approval of amendments to the Navajo Nation's abandoned mine land plan.
            756.15
            Required amendments to the Navajo Nation's abandoned mine land plan.
            756.16
            Approval of the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            756.17
            Approval of the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan amendments.
            756.18
            Required amendments to the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            756.19
            Approval of the Crow Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            756.20
            Approval of amendments to the Crow Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            756.21
            Required amendments to the Crow Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and Pub. L. 100-71.

            § 756.1
            Scope.
            This part implements the provisions in Pub. L. 100-71 which authorize the Crow, Hopi, and Navajo Tribes to obtain the Secretary's approval of Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation programs without prior approval of surface mining regulatory programs as ordinarily required by section 405 of SMCRA.
            [53 FR 17190, May 16, 1988]

            § 756.13
            Approval of the Navajo Nation's abandoned mine land plan.
            The Navajo Nation's Abandoned Mine Land Plan as submitted in June 1982, resubmitted in September 1983, and amended in February 1988, is approved effective May 16, 1988. Copies of the approved program are available at:
            (a) The Navajo Nation, Navajo Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Department, Division of Natural Resources, Navajo Nation Inn—Office Complex, P.O. Box 1875, Window Rock, AZ 86515, Telephone: (520) 871-7593.
            (b) Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Albuquerque Field Office, 505 Marquette Ave., NW., Suite 1200, Albuquerque, NM 87102, Telephone: (505) 248-5070.
            [60 FR 33724, June 29, 1995, as amended at 61 FR 6508, Feb. 21, 1996]

            § 756.14
            Approval of amendments to the Navajo Nation's abandoned mine land plan.
            (a) Revisions to the following provisions of the Navajo Nation AMLR plan, as submitted to OSM on April 7 and 22, 1994, are approved effective September 27, 1994:

              Navajo Nation Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Code of 1987: Introduction
              Section 101—Findings
              Section 102—Purposes
              Section 201—Duties of Navajo Abandoned Mine Lands Reclamation Department
              Section 401—Navajo Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund and Purposes
              Section 402—Reclamation Fees
              Section 403—Objectives of Fund
              Section 404—Eligible Lands and Water
              Section 405—Reclamation Program
              Section 407—Acquisition and Reclamation of Lands Within the Navajo Nation Adversely Affected by Past Mining Practices
              Section 408—Liens
              Section 409—Filling Voids and Sealing Tunnels
              Section 410—Deletion of Emergency Powers
              Section 411—Certification of Completion of Coal Reclamation
              Section 412—Navajo Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund Report
              Section 413—Miscellaneous Powers, and
              Section 414—Interagency Cooperation
              Navajo Nation Rules
              II(D) (1) and (2)—Reclamation Priorities
              II(L) (1) and (2)—General Reclamation Requirements
              II(M) (1) and (2)—Certification of Completion of Coal Reclamation
              II(N) (1)—Eligible Lands and Water Subsequent to Certification
              II(O) (1)—Exclusion of Noncoal Reclamation Sites
              II(P) (1), (2), and (3)—Utilities and Other Facilities, and
              III(E) (1)—Future Reclamation Set-Aside Program

            (b) The Director concurs with the Navajo Nation's May 4, 1994, certification of completion of coal reclamation effective September 27, 1994.
            (c) Revisions to sections 404 (a), (b), and (c) of the Navajo Nation Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation (AMLR) Code of 1987, pertaining to eligible lands and water, as submitted to OSM on January 12, 1995, and as subsequently revised on February 23 1995, are approved effective April 25, 1995.

            (d) Revisions to, additions of, or deletions of the following rules, as submitted to OSM on September 3, 1996, are approved effective April 15, 1997.

              Section II, E, 1, Project selection,
              Sections II, L, 1(e) and (g), Eligible coal lands and water,
              Section II, L, 1(h), Limited liability,
              Section II, L, 1(i), Contractor responsibility,
              Section II, L, 1(j), Reports,
              Sections II, L, 2(b)(3) and (4), Eligible noncoal lands and water prior to certification,
              Section II, L, 2(c), Limited liability,
              Section II, L, 2(d), Contractor responsibility,
              Section II, L, 2(e), Reports,
              Sections II, M, 1(b) and (d), 2, and 2(a) and (b), Certification of completion of coal sites,
              Sections II, N, 1 and 1(c), Eligible lands and water subsequent to certification,
              Sections II, P, 1(a) through (c), 2(a) through (f), and (3), Utilities and other facilities, and
              Section III, E, 1 and 1(a), Future reclamation set-aside program.

            (e) Addition or removal of the following rules, as submitted to OSM on March 2 and 8, 2001, is approved effective July 31, 2001:

              Section II, subsections M, 2, 2(a), 2(a)(1), 2(a)(2), and 2(a)(3), noncoal reclamation after certification (removed);
              Section II, subsection O, 1, Exclusion of Noncoal Reclamation Sites (removed);
              Section II, subsection O, subsection heading “NONCOAL RECLAMATION AFTER CERTIFICATION;”
              Section II, subsection O, 1, applicability of subsection O;
              Section II, subsections O, 2, 2(a) through 2(c), objectives and priorities;
              Section II, subsection O, 3, enhancement of facilities and utilities;
              Section II, subsection O, 4, determination of need for activities and construction of specific public facilities and submittal of grant applications;
              Section II, subsection O, 5 through 5(h), requirements for grant applications submitted under subsection O.4 to meet;
              Section II, subsection O, 6, exclusion of certain noncoal reclamation sites;
              Section II, subsection O, 7, land acquisition authority for the noncoal program;
              Section II, subsection O, 8, lien requirements;
              Section II, subsection O, 9, limited liability;
              Section II, subsection O, 10, contractor responsibility; and
              Section II, subsection P, subsection heading, “RESERVED” (removed).

            [59 FR 49185, Sept. 27, 1994, as amended at 60 FR 20195, Apr. 25, 1995; 62 FR 18272, Apr. 15, 1997; 66 FR 39443, July 31, 2001]

            § 756.15
            Required amendments to the Navajo Nation's abandoned mine land plan.
            Pursuant to 30 CFR 884.15, the Navajo Nation is required to submit to OSM by the date specified either a proposed amendment or a reasonable timetable, which is consistent with the Navajo Nation's established administrative and legislative procedures, for submitting an amendment to the Navajo Nation plan.
            [61 FR 6508, Feb. 21, 1996]

            § 756.16
            Approval of the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            The Hopi Tribe's Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Plan as submitted in July 1983, and amended in March and May 1988, is approved. Copies of the approved Plan are available at the following locations:
            (a) The Hopi Tribe, Hopi Abandoned Mine Land Program, Department of Natural Resources, Honahni Building, P.O. Box 123, Kykotsmovi, AZ 86039, Telephone: (520) 734-2441.
            (b) Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Albuquerque Field Office, 505 Marquette Ave., NW., Suite 1200, Albuquerque, NM 87102, Telephone: (505) 248-5070.
            [61 FR 6508, Feb. 21, 1996]

            § 756.17
            Approval of the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan amendments.
            The following amendments to the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan are approved.
            (a) The Hopi Tribe certification of completion of coal reclamation, as submitted on February 2, 1994, is approved effective June 9, 1994.

            (b) With the exceptions of part I, concerning the purpose of the Hopi tribe plan; section I, A(3) concerning facilities related to water supplies; section I, A(4), concerning public facilities projects; section II, B(1)(d)(ii), concerning the protection of property; and section 884.13(f)(2), concerning a description of aesthetic, cultural and recreational conditions of the Hopi Reservation, revisions to and additions of the following plan provisions, as submitted to OSM on November 2, 1995, are approved effective April 23, 1996.

              Table of Contents—Title of Part II and List of Appendices;
              List of Addenda and Errata—Title for this part;
              List of Figures—Title of Figure 4 and deletion of Figure 5;
              Preface to Amended Reclamation Plan—Introductory paragraph, program goals and objectives, and eligible projects;
              Chairman's Letter of Designation and Hopi Tribe Resolution—Designation of Tribal agency authorized to administer approved plan;
              Opinion of Legal Counsel—Authority of designated agency to conduct the AMLR program in accordance with the requirements of Title IV of SMCRA;
              Section I, A(1)—Protection of the health, safety, and general welfare of members of the Hopi Tribe;

              Section I, A(2)—Restoration of land and water resources;

              Section I, B—Designation of administrative authority;
              Section I, C—Reclamation priorities;
              Sections I, C (4) and (5)—Deletion of existing C(4) and recodification of C(5) and (6) as C(4) and (5);
              Section I, C—Deletion of allocation of funds provisions;
              Section II, A—[Lack of] Limited liability provision for coal;
              Section II, A(1)—Abatement of any new coal problems that arise after the effective date of the certification of completion of coal reclamation;
              Sections II, A(1) (a) through (f)—Eligible coal lands and water;
              Section II, (A)(1)(g)—Contractor responsibility;
              Section II, A(1)(h)—Reports;
              Sections II, B(1) (a) and (b)—Eligible lands and water subsequent to certification;
              Sections II, B(1)(c), (d) (i) and (iii), (e), and (g)—Reclamation priorities for noncoal program;
              Section II, B(1)(f)—Need for activities or construction of specific public facilities related to the coal or mineral industry on Tribal lands impacted by coal or mineral development;
              Section II, G—Reports;
              Sections II, C through F—Exclusion of certain noncoal reclamation sites, noncoal land acquisition authority, limited liability, and contractor responsibility;
              Section II, H and [deletion of] ranking and selection of noncoal reclamation projects and Table I, Comprehensive/Problem Evaluation Matrix—Description of needs, proposed construction and activities;
              Part III—Coordination of Tribal AML programs with other programs;
              Section IV, A(1)—Acquisition of lands by the Hopi Tribe;
              Section IV, A(2)(a)(i)—Appraisals;
              Section IV, A(2)(b)—Lands eligible for acquisition;
              Sections IV, A(2) (c), (d), (e), B(2), and C—Land acquisition, management, and disposal;
              Section IV, B(1)—Management of acquired lands;
              Part V and Figures 1 and 2—Reclamation on private land;
              Section VI, A, B, and C—Rights of entry;
              Deletion of section VI, C—Entry for emergency reclamation;
              Part VII—Hopi Department of Natural Resources (DNR) policy on public participation;
              Part VIII and Figure 4—Organization of the Hopi Tribe;
              Part IX—Personnel staffing policies;
              Part X—Purchasing and procurement;
              Part XI—Management accounting;
              [Deletion of] sections 884.13(e) (1), (2), and (3)—Purpose of Hopi Tribe plan and criteria for ranking and identifying projects;
              Part XII—Economic conditions of the Hopi Reservation;
              Part XIII—Flora and fauna;
              Appendices 1 through 12—Addition of cover pages;
              Appendix 1—Constitution and By-Laws of the Hopi Tribe, as amended;
              Appendix 7—Title of the appendix;
              Memorandum from the Assistant General Counsel/Legislation Counsel to DNR dated May 18, 1995—Elimination of Title IV from the draft Hopi Code Mining Ordinance;
              Hopi Tribal Council Resolution H-134-89, adopted August 29, 1989; and
              Memorandum from the Hopi Tribe Office of Financial Management to DNR dated September 7, 1995—Purchasing procedures.

            (c) Revisions to, additions of, or deletions of the following plan provisions, as submitted to OSM on September 23, 1996, are approved effective March 31, 1997:

              Preface to Amended Reclamation Plan—Introductory paragraph and Eligible Projects;
              Section I, A—Purpose of Hopi plan;
              Section II, A(1)—Certification of Completion of Coal Sites;
              Section II, A(1)(a)—Eligible Coal Lands and Water;
              Section II, A, (1)(g)—Contractor Responsibility (for coal reclamation);
              Section II, (A)(1)(i)—Limited Liability (for coal reclamation);
              Sections II, (B)(1)(d) and (d)(ii)—Noncoal Reclamation After Certification;
              Sections II, (B)(1)(h), (i), and (j)—Limited Liability, Contractor Responsibility, and Reports (for noncoal reclamation);
              Deletion of sections II, E, F, and G—Limited Liability, Contractor Responsibility, and Reports (for noncoal reclamation);
              Section II, E—Description of Needs, Proposed Construction and Activities;
              Sections IV, (A)(1) and (B)(1)—Acquisition and Management of Acquired Lands;
              Sections VI, A(1) (a) through (c) and B(1)—Consent to Entry and Public Notice;
              Section VII, B(8)—Public Participation;
              Section VIII—Organization of the Hopi Tribe;
              Section XII—Description of Aesthetic, Cultural and Recreational Conditions of the Hopi Reservation; and
              Section XIV—Flora and Fauna.

            [61 FR 17839, Apr. 23, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 15115, Mar. 31, 1997]

            § 756.18
            Required amendments to the Hopi Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.

            Pursuant to 30 CFR 884.15, the Hopi Tribe is required to submit to OSM by the date specified either a proposed amendment or a reasonable timetable, which is consistent with the Hopi Tribe's established administrative and legislative procedures, for submitting an amendment to the Hopi Tribe plan.
            (a)-(b) [Reserved]
            [61 FR 6508, Feb. 21, 1996, as amended at 61 FR 17840, Apr. 23, 1996; 62 FR 15115, Mar. 31, 1997]

            § 756.19
            Approval of the Crow Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            The Crow Tribe's Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Plan as submitted in 1982, and resubmitted in September, 1988 is approved. Copies of the approved Plan are available at the following locations:
            (a) Crow Tribal Council, Crow Office of Reclamation, P.O. Box 159, Crow Agency, MT 59022.
            (b) Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Casper Field Office, Room 2128, 100 East B Street, Casper, WY 82601-1918, Telephone: (307) 261-6555.
            [61 FR 6508, Feb. 21, 1996]

            § 756.20
            Approval of amendments to the Crow Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            Revisions to the following provisions of the Crow Tribe's Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Plan, as submitted to OSM on the date specified, are approved.
            (a) The Director concurs with the Crow Tribe's May 29, 2007, certification of completion of coal reclamation effective April 1, 2008:

                Original amendment submission date
                Date of final publication
                Citation/description

                May 29, 2007
                April 1, 2008
                756.20 Certification of Completion.

            (b) [Reserved]
            [61 FR 6509, Feb. 21, 1996, as amended at 73 FR 17249, Apr. 1, 2008]

            § 756.21
            Required amendments to the Crow Tribe's abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            Pursuant to 30 CFR 884.15, the Crow Tribe is required to submit to OSM by the date specified either a proposed amendment or a reasonable timetable, which is consistent with the Crow Tribe's established administrative and legislative procedures, for submitting an amendment to the Crow Tribe plan.
            [61 FR 6509, Feb. 21, 1996]

        SUBCHAPTER F—AREAS UNSUITABLE FOR MINING

          Pt. 761
          PART 761—AREAS DESIGNATED BY ACT OF CONGRESS

            Sec.
            761.1
            Scope.
            761.3
            Authority.
            761.5
            Definitions.
            761.10
            Information collection.
            761.11
            Areas where surface coal mining operations are prohibited or limited.
            761.12
            Exception for existing operations.
            761.13
            Procedures for compatibility findings for surface coal mining operations on Federal lands in national forests.
            761.14
            Procedures for relocating or closing a public road or waiving the prohibition on surface coal mining operations within the buffer zone of a public road.
            761.15
            Procedures for waiving the prohibition on surface coal mining operations within the buffer zone of an occupied dwelling.
            761.16
            Submission and processing of requests for valid existing rights determinations.
            761.17
            Regulatory authority obligations at time of permit application review.
            761.200
            Interpretative rule related to subsidence due to underground coal mining in areas designated by Act of Congress.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 41348, Sept. 14, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 761.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the procedures and standards to be followed in determining whether a proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation can be authorized in light of the prohibitions and limitations in section 522(e) of the Act for those types of operations on certain Federal, public and private lands.

            § 761.3
            Authority.
            The State regulatory authority or the Secretary is authorized by section 522(e) of the Act (30 U.S.C. 1272(e)) to prohibit or limit surface coal mining operations on or near certain private, Federal, and other public lands, subject to valid existing rights and except for those operations which existed on August 3, 1977.

            § 761.5
            Definitions.
            For the purposes of this part—

              Cemetery means any area of land where human bodies are interred.

              Community or institutional building means any structure, other than a public building or an occupied dwelling, which is used primarily for meetings, gatherings or functions of local civic organizations or other community groups; functions as an educational, cultural, historic, religious, scientific, correctional, mental-health or physical health care facility; or is used for public services, including, but not limited to, water supply, power generation or sewage treatment.

              Occupied dwelling means any building that is currently being used on a regular or temporary basis for human habitation.

              Public building means any structure that is owned or leased, and principally used by a governmental agency for public business or meetings.

              Public park means an area or portion of an area dedicated or designated by any Federal, State, or local agency primarily for public recreational use, whether or not such use is limited to certain times or days, including any land leased, reserved, or held open to the public because of that use.

              Public road means a road (a) which has been designated as a public road pursuant to the laws of the jurisdiction in which it is located; (b) which is maintained with public funds in a manner similar to other public roads of the same classification within the jurisdiction; (c) for which there is substantial (more than incidental) public use; and (d) which meets road construction standards for other public roads of the same classification in the local jurisdiction.

              Publicly-owned park means a public park that is owned by a Federal, State or local governmental entity.

              Significant forest cover means an existing plant community consisting predominantly of trees and other woody vegetation. The Secretary of Agriculture shall decide on a case-by-case basis whether the forest cover is significant within those national forests west of the 100th meridian.

              Significant recreational, timber, economic, or other values incompatible with surface coal mining operations means those values to be evaluated for their significance which could be damaged by, and are not capable of existing together with, surface coal mining operations because of the undesirable effects mining would have on those values, either on the area included in the permit application or on other affected areas. Those values to be evaluated for their importance include:
            (a) Recreation, including hiking, boating, camping, skiing or other related outdoor activities;
            (b) Timber manager and silviculture;
            (c) Agriculture, aquaculture or production of other natural, processed or manufactured products which enter commerce;
            (d) Scenic, historic, archeologic, esthetic, fish, wildlife, plants or cultural interests.

              Surface operations and impacts incident to an underground coal mine means all activities involved in or related to underground coal mining which are either conducted on the surface of the land, produce changes in the land surface or disturb the surface, air or water resources of the area, including all activities listed in section 701(28) of the Act and the definition of surface coal mining operations appearing in § 700.5 of this chapter.

              Valid existing rights means a set of circumstances under which a person may, subject to regulatory authority approval, conduct surface coal mining operations on lands where 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) and § 761.11 would otherwise prohibit such operations. Possession of valid existing rights only confers an exception from the prohibitions of § 761.11 and 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). A person seeking to exercise valid existing rights must comply with all other pertinent requirements of the Act and the applicable regulatory program.
            (a) Property rights demonstration. Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this definition, a person claiming valid existing rights must demonstrate that a legally binding conveyance, lease, deed, contract, or other document vests that person, or a predecessor in interest, with the right to conduct the type of surface coal mining operations intended. This right must exist at the time that the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). Applicable State statutory or case law will govern interpretation of documents relied upon to establish property rights, unless Federal law provides otherwise. If no applicable State law exists, custom and generally accepted usage at the time and place that the documents came into existence will govern their interpretation.
            (b) Except as provided in paragraph (c) of this definition, a person claiming valid existing rights also must demonstrate compliance with one of the following standards:
            (1) Good faith/all permits standard. All permits and other authorizations required to conduct surface coal mining operations had been obtained, or a good faith effort to obtain all necessary permits and authorizations had been made, before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). At a minimum, an application must have been submitted for any permit required under subchapter G of this chapter or its State program counterpart.
            (2) Needed for and adjacent standard. The land is needed for and immediately adjacent to a surface coal mining operation for which all permits and other authorizations required to conduct surface coal mining operations had been obtained, or a good faith attempt to obtain all permits and authorizations had been made, before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). To meet this standard, a person must demonstrate that prohibiting expansion of the operation onto that land would unfairly impact the viability of the operation as originally planned before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). Except for operations in existence before August 3, 1977, or for which a good faith effort to obtain all necessary permits had been made before August 3, 1977, this standard does not apply to lands already under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) when the regulatory authority approved the permit for the original operation or when the good faith effort to obtain all necessary permits for the original operation was made. In evaluating whether a person meets this standard, the agency making the determination may consider factors such as:
            (i) The extent to which coal supply contracts or other legal and business commitments that predate the time that the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) depend upon use of that land for surface coal mining operations.
            (ii) The extent to which plans used to obtain financing for the operation before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) rely upon use of that land for surface coal mining operations.
            (iii) The extent to which investments in the operation before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) rely upon use of that land for surface coal mining operations.
            (iv) Whether the land lies within the area identified on the life-of-mine map submitted under § 779.24(c) or § 783.24(c) of this chapter before the land came under the protection of § 761.11.
            (c) Roads. A person who claims valid existing rights to use or construct a road across the surface of lands protected by § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) must demonstrate that one or more of the following circumstances exist if the road is included within the definition of “surface coal mining operations” in § 700.5 of this chapter:
            (1) The road existed when the land upon which it is located came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e), and the person has a legal right to use the road for surface coal mining operations.
            (2) A properly recorded right of way or easement for a road in that location existed when the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e), and, under the document creating the right of way or easement, and under subsequent conveyances, the person has a legal right to use or construct a road across the right of way or easement for surface coal mining operations.
            (3) A valid permit for use or construction of a road in that location for surface coal mining operations existed when the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            (4) Valid existing rights exist under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this definition.

              We, us, and our refer to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.

              You and your refer to a person who claims or seeks to obtain an exception or waiver authorized by § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            [48 FR 41348, Sept. 14, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 4261, Feb. 10, 1987; 56 FR 65634, Dec. 17, 1991; 64 FR 70831, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.10
            Information collection.
            (a) In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of this part. The OMB clearance number is 1029-0111. The regulatory authority or other responsible agency will use this information to determine whether a person has valid existing rights or qualifies for one of the other waivers or exemptions from the general prohibition on conducting surface coal mining operations in the areas listed in 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). Persons seeking to conduct surface coal mining operations on these lands must respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).

            (b) We estimate that the public reporting and recordkeeping burden for this part will average 15 hours per response under § 761.13, 0.5 hour per response under § 761.14, 2 hours per response under § 761.15, 14 hours per response under § 761.16, 2 hours per response under § 761.17(c), and 2 hours per response under § 761.17(d), including time spent reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. The burden for § 761.16 includes 6 hours for the person seeking the determination and 8 hours for the agency processing the request. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of these information collection and recordkeeping requirements, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, 1951 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attention: Interior Desk Officer, 725 17th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20503. Please refer to OMB Control Number 1029-0111 in any correspondence.
            [64 FR 70832, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.11
            Areas where surface coal mining operations are prohibited or limited.
            You may not conduct surface coal mining operations on the following lands unless you either have valid existing rights, as determined under § 761.16, or qualify for the exception for existing operations under § 761.12:
            (a) Any lands within the boundaries of:
            (1) The National Park System;
            (2) The National Wildlife Refuge System;
            (3) The National System of Trails;
            (4) The National Wilderness Preservation System;
            (5) The Wild and Scenic Rivers System, including study rivers designated under section 5(a) of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act, 16 U.S.C. 1276(a), or study rivers or study river corridors established in any guidelines issued under that Act; or
            (6) National Recreation Areas designated by Act of Congress.
            (b) Any Federal lands within a national forest. This prohibition does not apply if the Secretary finds that there are no significant recreational, timber, economic, or other values that may be incompatible with surface coal mining operations, and:
            (1) Any surface operations and impacts will be incident to an underground coal mine; or

            (2) With respect to lands that do not have significant forest cover within national forests west of the 100th meridian, the Secretary of Agriculture has determined that surface mining is in compliance with the Act, the Multiple-Use Sustained Yield Act of 1960, 16 U.S.C. 528-531; the Federal Coal Leasing Amendments Act of 1975, 30 U.S.C. 181 et seq.; and the National Forest Management Act of 1976, 16 U.S.C. 1600 et seq. This provision does not apply to the Custer National Forest.
            (c) Any lands where the operation would adversely affect any publicly owned park or any place in the National Register of Historic Places. This prohibition does not apply if, as provided in § 761.17(d), the regulatory authority and the Federal, State, or local agency with jurisdiction over the park or place jointly approve the operation.
            (d) Within 100 feet, measured horizontally, of the outside right-of-way line of any public road. This prohibition does not apply:
            (1) Where a mine access or haul road joins a public road, or
            (2) When, as provided in § 761.14, the regulatory authority (or the appropriate public road authority designated by the regulatory authority) allows the public road to be relocated or closed, or the area within the protected zone to be affected by the surface coal mining operation, after:
            (i) Providing public notice and opportunity for a public hearing; and
            (ii) Finding in writing that the interests of the affected public and landowners will be protected.
            (e) Within 300 feet, measured horizontally, of any occupied dwelling. This prohibition does not apply when:
            (1) The owner of the dwelling has provided a written waiver consenting to surface coal mining operations within the protected zone, as provided in § 761.15; or
            (2) The part of the operation to be located closer than 300 feet to the dwelling is an access or haul road that connects with an existing public road on the side of the public road opposite the dwelling.
            (f) Within 300 feet, measured horizontally, of any public building, school, church, community or institutional building, or public park.
            (g) Within 100 feet, measured horizontally, of a cemetery. This prohibition does not apply if the cemetery is relocated in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.
            [64 FR 70832, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.12
            Exception for existing operations.
            The prohibitions and limitations of § 761.11 do not apply to:

            (a) Surface coal mining operations for which a valid permit, issued under Subchapter G of this chapter or an approved State regulatory program, exists when the land comes under the protection of § 761.11. This exception applies only to lands within the permit area as it exists when the land comes under the protection of § 761.11.
            (b) With respect to operations subject to Subchapter B of this chapter, lands upon which validly authorized surface coal mining operations exist when the land comes under the protection of 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) or § 761.11.
            [64 FR 70833, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.13
            Procedures for compatibility findings for surface coal mining operations on Federal lands in national forests.
            (a) If you intend to rely upon the exception provided in § 761.11(b) to conduct surface coal mining operations on Federal lands within a national forest, you must request that we obtain the Secretarial findings required by § 761.11(b).
            (b) You may submit a request to us before preparing and submitting an application for a permit or boundary revision. If you do, you must explain how the proposed operation would not damage the values listed in the definition of “significant recreational, timber, economic, or other values incompatible with surface coal mining operations” in § 761.5. You must include a map and sufficient information about the nature of the proposed operation for the Secretary to make adequately documented findings. We may request that you provide any additional information that we determine is needed to make the required findings.
            (c) When a proposed surface coal mining operation or proposed boundary revision for an existing surface coal mining operation includes Federal lands within a national forest, the regulatory authority may not issue the permit or approve the boundary revision before the Secretary makes the findings required by § 761.11(b).
            [64 FR 70833, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.14
            Procedures for relocating or closing a public road or waiving the prohibition on surface coal mining operations within the buffer zone of a public road.
            (a) This section does not apply to:
            (1) Lands for which a person has valid existing rights, as determined under § 761.16.
            (2) Lands within the scope of the exception for existing operations in § 761.12.
            (3) Access or haul roads that join a public road, as described in § 761.11(d)(1).
            (b) You must obtain any necessary approvals from the authority with jurisdiction over the road if you propose to:
            (1) Relocate a public road;
            (2) Close a public road; or
            (3) Conduct surface coal mining operations within 100 feet, measured horizontally, of the outside right-of-way line of a public road.
            (c) Before approving an action proposed under paragraph (b) of this section, the regulatory authority, or a public road authority that it designates, must determine that the interests of the public and affected landowners will be protected. Before making this determination, the authority must:
            (1) Provide a public comment period and opportunity to request a public hearing in the locality of the proposed operation;
            (2) If a public hearing is requested, publish appropriate advance notice at least two weeks before the hearing in a newspaper of general circulation in the affected locality; and
            (3) Based upon information received from the public, make a written finding as to whether the interests of the public and affected landowners will be protected. If a hearing was held, the authority must make this finding within 30 days after the hearing. If no hearing was held, the authority must make this finding within 30 days after the end of the public comment period.
            [64 FR 70833, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.15
            Procedures for waiving the prohibition on surface coal mining operations within the buffer zone of an occupied dwelling.
            (a) This section does not apply to:
            (1) Lands for which a person has valid existing rights, as determined under § 761.16.
            (2) Lands within the scope of the exception for existing operations in § 761.12.
            (3) Access or haul roads that connect with an existing public road on the side of the public road opposite the dwelling, as provided in § 761.11(e)(2).
            (b) If you propose to conduct surface coal mining operations within 300 feet, measured horizontally, of any occupied dwelling, the permit application must include a written waiver by lease, deed, or other conveyance from the owner of the dwelling. The waiver must clarify that the owner and signator had the legal right to deny mining and knowingly waived that right. The waiver will act as consent to surface coal mining operations within a closer distance of the dwelling as specified.
            (c) If you obtained a valid waiver before August 3, 1977, from the owner of an occupied dwelling to conduct operations within 300 feet of the dwelling, you need not submit a new waiver.
            (d) If you obtain a valid waiver from the owner of an occupied dwelling, that waiver will remain effective against subsequent purchasers who had actual or constructive knowledge of the existing waiver at the time of purchase. A subsequent purchaser will be deemed to have constructive knowledge if the waiver has been properly filed in public property records pursuant to State laws or if surface coal mining operations have entered the 300-foot zone before the date of purchase.
            [64 FR 70833, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.16
            Submission and processing of requests for valid existing rights determinations.
            (a) Basic framework for valid existing rights determinations. The following table identifies the agency responsible for making a valid existing rights determination and the definition that it must use, based upon which paragraph of § 761.11 applies and whether the request includes Federal lands.

                Paragraph of § 761.11 that provides protection
                Protected feature
                Type of land to whichrequest pertains

                Agency responsible fordetermination

                Applicable definition of valid existing rights

                (a)
                National parks, wildlife refuges, etc.
                Federal
                OSM
                Federal 1

                (a)
                National parks, wildlife refuges, etc.
                Non-Federal
                Regulatory authority
                Federal 1

                (b)
                Federal lands in national forests 3

                Federal
                OSM
                Federal 1

                (c)
                Public parks and historic places
                Does not matter
                Regulatory authority
                Regulatory program 2

                (d)
                Public roads
                Does not matter
                Regulatory authority
                Regulatory program 2

                (e)
                Occupied dwellings
                Does not matter
                Regulatory authority
                Regulatory program 2

                (f)
                Schools, churches, parks, etc.
                Does not matter
                Regulatory authority
                Regulatory program 2

                (g)
                Cemeteries
                Does not matter
                Regulatory authority
                Regulatory program 2

                1 Definition in 30 CFR 761.5.

                2 Definition in applicable State or Federal regulatory program under 30 CFR Chapter VII, Subchapter T.

                3 Neither 30 U.S.C. 1272(e) nor 30 CFR 761.11 provides special protection for non-Federal lands within national forests. Therefore, this table does not include a category for those lands.

            (b) What you must submit as part of a request for a valid existing rights determination. You must submit a request for a valid existing rights determination to the appropriate agency under paragraph (a) of this section if you intend to conduct surface coal mining operations on the basis of valid existing rights under § 761.11 or wish to confirm the right to do so. You may submit this request before preparing and submitting an application for a permit or boundary revision for the land, unless the applicable regulatory program provides otherwise.
            (1) Requirements for property rights demonstration. You must provide a property rights demonstration under paragraph (a) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5 if your request relies upon the good faith/all permits standard or the needed for and adjacent standard in paragraph (b) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5. This demonstration must include the following items:
            (i) A legal description of the land to which your request pertains.
            (ii) Complete documentation of the character and extent of your current interests in the surface and mineral estates of the land to which your request pertains.
            (iii) A complete chain of title for the surface and mineral estates of the land to which your request pertains.
            (iv) A description of the nature and effect of each title instrument that forms the basis for your request, including any provision pertaining to the type or method of mining or mining-related surface disturbances and facilities.
            (v) A description of the type and extent of surface coal mining operations that you claim the right to conduct, including the method of mining, any mining-related surface activities and facilities, and an explanation of how those operations would be consistent with State property law.
            (vi) Complete documentation of the nature and ownership, as of the date that the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e), of all property rights for the surface and mineral estates of the land to which your request pertains.
            (vii) Names and addresses of the current owners of the surface and mineral estates of the land to which your request pertains.
            (viii) If the coal interests have been severed from other property interests, documentation that you have notified and provided reasonable opportunity for the owners of other property interests in the land to which your request pertains to comment on the validity of your property rights claims.
            (ix) Any comments that you receive in response to the notification provided under paragraph (b)(1)(viii) of this section.
            (2) Requirements for good faith/all permits standard. If your request relies upon the good faith/all permits standard in paragraph (b)(1) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, you must submit the information required under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. You also must submit the following information about permits, licenses, and authorizations for surface coal mining operations on the land to which your request pertains:
            (i) Approval and issuance dates and identification numbers for any permits, licenses, and authorizations that you or a predecessor in interest obtained before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            (ii) Application dates and identification numbers for any permits, licenses, and authorizations for which you or a predecessor in interest submitted an application before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            (iii) An explanation of any other good faith effort that you or a predecessor in interest made to obtain the necessary permits, licenses, and authorizations as of the date that the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            (3) Requirements for needed for and adjacent standard. If your request relies upon the needed for and adjacent standard in paragraph (b)(2) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, you must submit the information required under paragraph (b)(1) of this section. In addition, you must explain how and why the land is needed for and immediately adjacent to the operation upon which your request is based, including a demonstration that prohibiting expansion of the operation onto that land would unfairly impact the viability of the operation as originally planned before the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            (4) Requirements for standards for mine roads. If your request relies upon one of the standards for roads in paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(3) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, you must submit satisfactory documentation that:
            (i) The road existed when the land upon which it is located came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e), and you have a legal right to use the road for surface coal mining operations;

            (ii) A properly recorded right of way or easement for a road in that location existed when the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e), and, under the document creating the right of way or easement, and under any subsequent conveyances, you have a legal right to use or construct a road across that right of way or easement to conduct surface coal mining operations; or
            (iii) A valid permit for use or construction of a road in that location for surface coal mining operations existed when the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e).
            (c) Initial review of request. (1) The agency must conduct an initial review to determine whether your request includes all applicable components of the submission requirements of paragraph (b) of this section. This review pertains only to the completeness of the request, not the legal or technical adequacy of the materials submitted.
            (2) If your request does not include all applicable components of the submission requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, the agency must notify you and establish a reasonable time for submission of the missing information.
            (3) When your request includes all applicable components of the submission requirements of paragraph (b) of this section, the agency must implement the notice and comment requirements of paragraph (d) of this section.
            (4) If you do not provide information that the agency requests under paragraph (c)(2) of this section within the time specified or as subsequently extended, the agency must issue a determination that you have not demonstrated valid existing rights, as provided in paragraph (e)(4) of this section.
            (d) Notice and comment requirements and procedures. (1) When your request satisfies the completeness requirements of paragraph (c) of this section, the agency must publish a notice in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the land is located. This notice must invite comment on the merits of the request. Alternatively, the agency may require that you publish this notice and provide the agency with a copy of the published notice. We will publish a similar notice in the Federal Register if your request involves Federal lands within an area listed in § 761.11(a) or (b). Each notice must include:
            (i) The location of the land to which the request pertains.
            (ii) A description of the type of surface coal mining operations planned.
            (iii) A reference to and brief description of the applicable standard(s) under the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5.
            (A) If your request relies upon the good faith/all permits standard or the needed for and adjacent standard in paragraph (b) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, the notice also must include a description of the property rights that you claim and the basis for your claim.
            (B) If your request relies upon the standard in paragraph (c)(1) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, the notice also must include a description of the basis for your claim that the road existed when the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). In addition, the notice must include a description of the basis for your claim that you have a legal right to use that road for surface coal mining operations.
            (C) If your request relies upon the standard in paragraph (c)(2) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, the notice also must include a description of the basis for your claim that a properly recorded right of way or easement for a road in that location existed when the land came under the protection of § 761.11 or 30 U.S.C. 1272(e). In addition, the notice must include a description of the basis for your claim that, under the document creating the right of way or easement, and under any subsequent conveyances, you have a legal right to use or construct a road across the right of way or easement to conduct surface coal mining operations.

            (iv) If your request relies upon one or more of the standards in paragraphs (b), (c)(1), and (c)(2) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, a statement that the agency will not make a decision on the merits of your request if, by the close of the comment period under this notice or the notice required by paragraph (d)(3) of this section, a person with a legal interest in the land initiates appropriate legal action in the proper venue to resolve any differences concerning the validity or interpretation of the deed, lease, easement, or other documents that form the basis of your claim.
            (v) A description of the procedures that the agency will follow in processing your request.
            (vi) The closing date of the comment period, which must be a minimum of 30 days after the publication date of the notice.
            (vii) A statement that interested persons may obtain a 30-day extension of the comment period upon request.
            (viii) The name and address of the agency office where a copy of the request is available for public inspection and to which comments and requests for extension of the comment period should be sent.
            (2) The agency must promptly provide a copy of the notice required under paragraph (d)(1) of this section to:
            (i) All reasonably locatable owners of surface and mineral estates in the land included in your request.
            (ii) The owner of the feature causing the land to come under the protection of § 761.11, and, when applicable, the agency with primary jurisdiction over the feature with respect to the values causing the land to come under the protection of § 761.11. For example, both the landowner and the State Historic Preservation Officer must be notified if surface coal mining operations would adversely impact any site listed on the National Register of Historic Places. As another example, both the surface owner and the National Park Service must be notified if the request includes non-Federal lands within the authorized boundaries of a unit of the National Park System.
            (3) The letter transmitting the notice required under paragraph (d)(2) of this section must provide a 30-day comment period, starting from the date of service of the letter, and specify that another 30 days is available upon request. At its discretion, the agency responsible for the determination of valid existing rights may grant additional time for good cause upon request. The agency need not necessarily consider comments received after the closing date of the comment period.
            (e) How a decision will be made. (1) The agency responsible for making the determination of valid existing rights must review the materials submitted under paragraph (b) of this section, comments received under paragraph (d) of this section, and any other relevant, reasonably available information to determine whether the record is sufficiently complete and adequate to support a decision on the merits of the request. If not, the agency must notify you in writing, explaining the inadequacy of the record and requesting submittal, within a specified reasonable time, of any additional information that the agency deems necessary to remedy the inadequacy.
            (2) Once the record is complete and adequate, the responsible agency must determine whether you have demonstrated valid existing rights. The decision document must explain how you have or have not satisfied all applicable elements of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5. It must contain findings of fact and conclusions, and it must specify the reasons for the conclusions.
            (3) Impact of property rights disagreements. This paragraph applies only when your request relies upon one or more of the standards in paragraphs (b), (c)(1), and (c)(2) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5.
            (i) The agency must issue a determination that you have not demonstrated valid existing rights if your property rights claims are the subject of pending litigation in a court or administrative body with jurisdiction over the property rights in question. The agency will make this determination without prejudice, meaning that you may refile the request once the property rights dispute is finally adjudicated. This paragraph applies only to situations in which legal action has been initiated as of the closing date of the comment period under paragraph (d)(1) or (d)(3) of this section.

            (ii) If the record indicates disagreement as to the accuracy of your property rights claims, but this disagreement is not the subject of pending litigation in a court or administrative agency of competent jurisdiction, the agency must evaluate the merits of the information in the record and determine whether you have demonstrated that the requisite property rights exist under paragraph (a), (c)(1), or (c)(2) of the definition of valid existing rights in § 761.5, as appropriate. The agency must then proceed with the decision process under paragraph (e)(2) of this section.
            (4) The agency must issue a determination that you have not demonstrated valid existing rights if you do not submit information that the agency requests under paragraph (c)(2) or (e)(1) of this section within the time specified or as subsequently extended. The agency will make this determination without prejudice, meaning that you may refile a revised request at any time.
            (5) After making a determination, the agency must:
            (i) Provide a copy of the determination, together with an explanation of appeal rights and procedures, to you, to the owner or owners of the land to which the determination applies, to the owner of the feature causing the land to come under the protection of § 761.11, and, when applicable, to the agency with primary jurisdiction over the feature with respect to the values that caused the land to come under the protection of § 761.11.

            (ii) Publish notice of the determination in a newspaper of general circulation in the county in which the land is located. Alternatively, the agency may require that you publish this notice and provide a copy of the published notice to the agency. We will publish the determination, together with an explanation of appeal rights and procedures, in the Federal Register if your request includes Federal lands within an area listed in § 761.11(a) or (b).
            (f) Administrative and judicial review. A determination that you have or do not have valid existing rights is subject to administrative and judicial review under §§ 775.11 and 775.13 of this chapter.
            (g) Availability of records. The agency responsible for processing a request subject to notice and comment under paragraph (d) of this section must make a copy of that request available to the public in the same manner as the agency, when acting as the regulatory authority, must make permit applications available to the public under § 773.6(d) of this chapter. In addition, the agency must make records associated with that request, and any subsequent determination under paragraph (e) of this section, available to the public in accordance with the requirements and procedures of § 840.14 or § 842.16 of this chapter.
            [64 FR 70833, Dec. 17, 1999, as amended at 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 761.17
            Regulatory authority obligations at time of permit application review.
            (a) Upon receipt of an administratively complete application for a permit for a surface coal mining operation, or an administratively complete application for revision of the boundaries of a surface coal mining operation permit, the regulatory authority must review the application to determine whether the proposed surface coal mining operation would be located on any lands protected under § 761.11.
            (b) The regulatory authority must reject any portion of the application that would locate surface coal mining operations on land protected under § 761.11 unless:
            (1) The site qualifies for the exception for existing operations under § 761.12;
            (2) A person has valid existing rights for the land, as determined under § 761.16;
            (3) The applicant obtains a waiver or exception from the prohibitions of § 761.11 in accordance with §§ 761.13 through 761.15; or
            (4) For lands protected by § 761.11(c), both the regulatory authority and the agency with jurisdiction over the park or place jointly approve the proposed operation in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section.
            (c) Location verification. If the regulatory authority has difficulty determining whether an application includes land within an area specified in § 761.11(a) or within the specified distance from a structure or feature listed in § 761.11(f) or (g), the regulatory authority must request that the Federal, State, or local governmental agency with jurisdiction over the protected land, structure, or feature verify the location.
            (1) The request for location verification must:
            (i) Include relevant portions of the permit application.
            (ii) Provide the agency with 30 days after receipt to respond, with a notice that another 30 days is available upon request.
            (iii) Specify that the regulatory authority will not necessarily consider a response received after the comment period provided under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section.
            (2) If the agency does not respond in a timely manner, the regulatory authority may make the necessary determination based on available information.
            (d) Procedures for joint approval of surface coal mining operations that will adversely affect publicly owned parks or historic places. (1) If the regulatory authority determines that the proposed surface coal mining operation will adversely affect any publicly owned park or any place included in the National Register of Historic Places, the regulatory authority must request that the Federal, State, or local agency with jurisdiction over the park or place either approve or object to the proposed operation. The request must:
            (i) Include a copy of applicable parts of the permit application.
            (ii) Provide the agency with 30 days after receipt to respond, with a notice that another 30 days is available upon request.
            (iii) State that failure to interpose an objection within the time specified under paragraph (d)(1)(ii) of this section will constitute approval of the proposed operation.
            (2) The regulatory authority may not issue a permit for a proposed operation subject to paragraph (d)(1) of this section unless all affected agencies jointly approve.
            (3) Paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this section do not apply to:
            (i) Lands for which a person has valid existing rights, as determined under § 761.16.
            (ii) Lands within the scope of the exception for existing operations in § 761.12.
            [64 FR 70836, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 761.200
            Interpretative rule related to subsidence due to underground coal mining in areas designated by Act of Congress.
            OSM has adopted the following interpretation of rules promulgated in part 761.
            (a) Interpretation of § 761.11—Areas where mining is prohibited or limited. Subsidence due to underground coal mining is not included in the definition of surface coal mining operations under section 701(28) of the Act and § 700.5 of this chapter and therefore is not prohibited in areas protected under section 522(e) of the Act.
            (b) [Reserved]
            [64 FR 70866, Dec. 17, 1999]

          Pt. 762
          PART 762—CRITERIA FOR DESIGNATING AREAS AS UNSUITABLE FOR SURFACE COAL MINING OPERATIONS

            Sec.
            762.1
            Scope.
            762.4
            Responsibility.
            762.5
            Definitions.
            762.11
            Criteria for designating lands as unsuitable.
            762.12
            Additional criteria.
            762.13
            Land exempt from designation as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            762.14
            Applicability to lands designated as unsuitable by Congress.
            762.15
            Exploration on land designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 41350, Sept. 14, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 762.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the minimum criteria to be used in determining whether lands should be designated as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations.

            § 762.4
            Responsibility.
            The regulatory authority or OSM shall use the criteria in this part for the evaluation of each petition for the designation of areas as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.

            § 762.5
            Definitions.
            For purposes of this part:

              Fragile lands means areas containing natural, ecologic, scientific, or esthetic resources that could be significantly damaged by surface coal mining operations. Examples of fragile lands include valuable habitats for fish or wildlife, critical habitats for endangered or threatened species of animals or plants, uncommon geologic formations, paleontological sites, National Natural Landmarks, areas where mining may result in flooding, environmental corridors containing a concentration of ecologic and esthetic features, and areas of recreational value due to high environmental quality.

              Historic lands means areas containing historic, cultural, or scientific resources. Examples of historic lands include archeological sites, properties listed on or eligible for listing on a State or National Register of Historic Places, National Historic Landmarks, properties having religious or cultural significance to Native Americans or religious groups, and properties for which historic designation is pending.

              Natural hazard lands means geographic areas in which natural conditions exist which pose or, as a result of surface coal mining operations, may pose a threat to the health, safety or welfare of people, property or the environment, including areas subject to landslides, cave-ins, large or encroaching sand dunes, severe wind or soil erosion, frequent flooding, avalanches and areas of unstable geology.

              Renewable resource lands means geographic areas which contribute significantly to the long-range productivity of water supply or of food or fiber products, such lands to include aquifers and aquifer recharge areas.

              Substantial legal and financial commitments in a surface coal mining operation means significant investments that have been made on the basis of a long-term coal contract in power plants, railroads, coal-handling, preparation, extraction or storage facilities, and other capital-intensive activities. Costs of acquiring the coal in place, or the right to mine it alone without other significant investments, as described above, are not sufficient to constitute substantial legal and financial commitments.
            [48 FR 41350, Sept. 14, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 18795, May 19, 1987; 53 FR 26584, July 13, 1988]

            § 762.11
            Criteria for designating lands as unsuitable.
            (a) Upon petition an area shall be designated as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations, if the regulatory authority determines that reclamation is not technologically and economically feasible under the Act, this chapter or an approved State program.
            (b) Upon petition an area may be (but is not required to be) designated as unsuitable for certain types of surface coal mining operations, if the operations will—
            (1) Be incompatible with existing State or local land use plans or programs;
            (2) Affect fragile or historic lands in which the operations could result in significant damage to important historic, cultural, scientific, or esthetic values or natural systems;
            (3) Affect renewable resource lands in which the operations could result in a substantial loss or reduction of long-range productivity of water supply or of food or fiber products; or
            (4) Affect natural hazard lands in which the operations could substantially endanger life and property, such lands to include areas subject to frequent flooding and areas of unstable geology.

            § 762.12
            Additional criteria.
            (a) A State regulatory authority may establish additional or more stringent criteria for determining whether lands within the State should be designated as unsuitable for coal mining operations. Such criteria shall be approved pursuant to subchapter C of this chapter.
            (b) The Secretary may establish additional criteria for determining whether Federal lands should be designated as unsuitable for surface mining operations.

            (c) Additional criteria will be determined to be more stringent on the basis of whether they provide for greater protection of the public health, safety and welfare or the environment, such that areas beyond those specified in the criteria of this part would be designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.

            § 762.13
            Land exempt from designation as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            The requirements of this part do not apply to—
            (a) Lands on which surface coal mining operations were being conducted on the date of enactment of the Act;
            (b) Lands covered by a permit issued under the Act; or
            (c) Lands where substantial legal and financial commitments in surface coal mining operations were in existence prior to January 4, 1977.

            § 762.14
            Applicability to lands designated as unsuitable by Congress.
            Pursuant to appropriate petitions, lands listed in § 761.11 of this chapter are subject to designation as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations under this part and parts 764 and 769 of this chapter.
            [64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 762.15
            Exploration on land designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            Designation of any area as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations pursuant to section 522 of the Act and regulations of this subchapter does not prohibit coal exploration operations in the area, if conducted in accordance with the Act, this chapter, any approved State or Federal program, and other applicable requirements. Exploration operations on any lands designated unsuitable for surface coal mining operations must be approved by the regulatory authority under part 772 of this chapter, to ensure that exploration does not interfere with any value for which the area has been designated unsuitable for surface coal mining.
            [48 FR 41350, Sept. 14, 1983. Redesignated at 64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999]

          Pt. 764
          PART 764—STATE PROCESSES FOR DESIGNATING AREAS UNSUITABLE FOR SURFACE COAL MINING OPERATIONS

            Sec.
            764.1
            Scope.
            764.10
            Information collection.
            764.11
            General process requirements.
            764.13
            Petitions.
            764.15
            Initial processing, recordkeeping, and notification requirements.
            764.17
            Hearing requirements.
            764.19
            Decision.
            764.21
            Data base and inventory system requirements.
            764.23
            Public information.
            764.25
            Regulatory authority responsibility for implementation.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            48 FR 41351, Sept. 14, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 764.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes minimum procedures and standards to be included in each approved State program for designating non-Federal and non-Indian lands in a State as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations and for terminating designations.

            § 764.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in §§ 764.21 and 764.25(b) have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0030. The information required in § 764.21 is necessary to allow the regulatory authority to develop a data base and inventory system to evaluate whether reclamation is feasible in areas covered by petitions. The information required in § 764.25(b) is necessary to allow the regulatory authority to determine, when a permit application is filed, whether it includes any areas designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining.

            § 764.11
            General process requirements.

            Each State shall establish a process enabling objective decisions to be made on which, if any, land areas of the State are unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations. These decisions shall be based on competent, scientifically sound data and other relevant information. This process shall include the requirements listed in this part.

            § 764.13
            Petitions.
            (a) Right to petition. Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected has the right to petition the regulatory authority to have an area designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations, or to have an existing designation terminated. For the purpose of this Action, a person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected must demonstrate how he or she meets an “injury in fact” test by describing the injury to his or her specific affected interests and demonstrate how he or she is among the injured.
            (b) Designation. The regulatory authority shall determine what information must be provided by the petitioner to have an area designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            (1) At a minimum, a complete petition for designation shall include—
            (i) The petitioner's name, address, telephone number, and notarized signature;
            (ii) Identification of the petitioned areas, including its location and size, and a U.S. Geological Survey topographic map outlining the perimeter of the petitioned area;
            (iii) An identification of the petitioner's interest which is or may be adversely affected by surface coal mining operations, including a statement demonstrating how the petitioner satisfies the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section;
            (iv) A description of how mining of the area has affected of may adversely affect people, land, air, water, or other resources, including the petitioner's interests; and
            (v) Allegations of fact and supporting evidence, covering all lands in the petition area, which tend to establish that the area is unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations, pursuant to specific criteria of sections 522(a) (2) and (3) of the Act, assuming that contemporary mining practices required under applicable regulatory programs would be followed if the area were to be mined. Each of the allegations of fact should be specific as to the mining operation, if known, and the portion(s) of the petitioned area and petitioner's interests to which the allegation applies and be supported by evidence that tends to establish the validity of the allegations for the mining operation or portion of the petitioned areas.
            (2) The regulatory authority may request that the petitioner provide other supplementary information which is readily available.
            (c) Termination. The regulatory authority shall determine what information must be provided by the petitioner to terminate designations of lands as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            (1) At a minimum, a complete petition for termination shall include—
            (i) The petitioner's name, address, telephone number, and notarized signature;
            (ii) Identification of the petitioned area, including its location and size and a U.S. Geological Survey topographic map outlining the perimeter of the petitioned area to which the termination petition applies;
            (iii) An identification of the petitioner's interest which is or may be adversely affected by the designation that the area is unsuitable for surface coal mining operations including a statement demonstrating how the petitioner satisfies the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section;

            (iv) Allegations of facts covering all lands for which the termination is proposed. Each of the allegations of fact shall be specific as to the mining operation, if any, and to portions of the petitioned area and petitioner's interests to which the allegation applies. The allegations shall be supported by evidence, not contained in the record of the designation proceeding, that tends to establish the validity of the allegations for the mining operation or portion of the petitioned area, assuming that contemporary mining practices required under applicable regulatory programs would be followed were the area to be mined. For areas previously and unsuccessfully proposed for termination, significant new allegations of facts and supporting evidence must be presented in the petition. Allegations and supporting evidence should also be specific to the basis for which the designation was made and tend to establish that the designation should be terminated on the following bases:
            (A) Nature or abundance of the protected resource or condition or other basis of the designation if the designation was based on criteria found in § 762.11(b) of this chapter;
            (B) Reclamation now being technologically and economically feasible if the designation was based on the criteria found in § 762.11(a) of this chapter; or
            (C) Resources or conditions not being affected by surface coal mining operations, or in the case of land use plans, not being incompatible with surface coal mining operations during and after mining, if the designation was based on the criteria found in § 762.11(b) of this chapter;
            (2) The State regulatory authority may request that the petitioner provide other supplementary information which is readily available.

            § 764.15
            Initial processing, recordkeeping, and notification requirements.
            (a)(1) Within 30 days of receipt of a petition, the regulatory authority shall notify the petitioner by certified mail whether the petition is complete under § 764.13 (b) or (c). Complete, for a designation or termination petition, means that the information required under § 764.13 (b) or (c) has been provided.
            (2) The regulatory authority shall determine whether any identified coal resources exist in the area covered by the petition, without requiring any showing from the petitioner. If the regulatory authority finds there are not any identified coal resources in that area, it shall return the petition to the petitioner with a statement of the findings.
            (3) If the regulatory authority determines that the petition is incomplete, frivolous, or that the petitioner does not meet the requirements of § 764.13(a), it shall return the petition to the petitioner with a written statement of the reasons for the determination and the categories of information needed to make the petition complete. A frivolous petition is one in which the allegations of harm lack serious merit.
            (4) When considering a petition for an area which was previously and unsuccessfully proposed for designation, the regulatory authority shall determine if the new petition presents significant new allegations of facts with evidence which tends to establish the allegations. If the petition does not contain such material, the regulatory authority may choose not to consider the petition and may return the petition to the petitioner, with a statement of its findings and a reference to the record of the previous designation proceedings where the facts were considered.
            (5) The regulatory authority shall notify the person who submits a petition of any application for a permit received which includes any area covered by the petition.
            (6) The regulatory authority may determine not to process any petition received insofar as it pertains to lands for which an administratively complete permit application has been filed and the first newspaper notice has been published. Based on such a determination, the regulatory authority may issue a decision on a complete and accurate permit application and shall inform the petitioner why the regulatory authority cannot consider the part of the petition pertaining to the proposed permit area.

            (b)(1) Promptly after a petition is received, the regulatory authority shall notify the general public of the receipt of the petition by a newspaper advertisement placed in the locale of the area covered by the petition, in the newspaper providing broadest circulation in the region of the petitioned area and in any official State register of public notices. The regulatory authority shall make copies of the petition available to the public and shall provide copies of the petition to other interested governmental agencies, intervenors, persons with an ownership interest of record in the property, and other persons known to the regulatory authority to have an interest in the property. Proper notice to persons with an ownership interest of record in the property shall comply with the requirements of applicable State law.
            (2) Promptly after the determination that a petition is complete, the regulatory authority shall request submissions from the general public of relevant information by a newspaper advertisement placed once a week for two consecutive weeks in the locale of the area covered by the petition, in the newspaper providing broadest circulation in the region of the petitioned area, and in any offical State register of public notices.
            (c) Until three days before the regulatory authority holds a hearing under § 764.17, any person may intervene in the proceeding by filing allegations of facts describing how the designation determination directly affects the intervenor, supporting evidence, a short statement identifying the petition to which the allegations pertain, and the intervenor's name, address and telephone number.
            (d) Beginning from the date a petition is filed, the regulatory authority shall compile and maintain a record consisting of all documents relating to the petition filed with or prepared by the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority shall make the record available to the public for inspection free of charge and for copying at reasonable cost during all normal hours at the main office of the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority shall also maintain information at or near the area in which the petitioned land is located and make this information available to the public for inspection free of charge and for copying at reasonable cost during all normal business hours. At a minimum, this information shall include a copy of the petition.
            [48 FR 41351, Sept. 14, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 49323, 49324, Dec. 30, 1987]

            § 764.17
            Hearing requirements.
            (a) Within 10 months after receipt of a complete petition, the regulatory authority shall hold a public hearing in the locality of the area covered by the petition. If all petitioners and intervenors agree, the hearing need not be held. The regulatory authority may subpoena witnesses as necessary. The hearing may be conducted with cross-examination of expert witnesses only. A record of the hearing shall be made and preserved according to State law. No person shall bear the burden of proof or persuasion. All relevant parts of the data base and inventory system and all public comments received during the public comment period shall be included in the record and considered by the regulatory authority in its decision on the petition.
            (b)(1) The regulatory authority shall give notice of the date, time, and location of the hearing to:
            (i) Local, State, and Federal agencies which may have an interest in the decision on the petition;
            (ii) The petitioner and the intervenors; and
            (iii) Any person known by the regulatory authority to have a property interest in the petitioned area. Proper notice to persons with an ownership interest of record shall comply with the requirements of applicable State law.
            (2) Notice of the hearing shall be sent by certified mail to petitioners and intervenors, and by regular mail to government agencies and property owners involved in the proceeding, and postmarked not less than 30 days before the scheduled date of the hearing.
            (c) The regulatory authority shall notify the general public of the date, time, and location of the hearing by placing a newspaper advertisement once a week for 2 consecutive weeks in the locale of the area covered by the petition and once during the week prior to the public hearing. The consecutive weekly advertisement must begin between 4 and 5 weeks before the scheduled date of the public hearing.
            (d) The regulatory authority may consolidate in a single hearing the hearings required for each of several petitions which relate to areas in the same locale.

            (e) Prior to designating any land areas as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations, the regulatory authority shall prepare a detailed statement, using existing and available information on the potential coal resources of the area, the demand for coal resources, and the impact of such designation on the environment, the economy, and the supply of coal.

            (f) In the event that all petitioners and intervenors stipulate agreement prior to the hearing, the petition may be withdrawn from consideration.

            § 764.19
            Decision.
            (a) In reaching its decision, the regulatory authority shall use—
            (1) The information contained in the data base and inventory system;
            (2) Information provided by other governmental agencies;
            (3) The detailed statement when it is prepared under § 764.17(e); and
            (4) Any other relevant information submitted during the comment period.
            (b) A final written decision shall be issued by the regulatory authority, including a statemtent of reasons, within 60 days of completion of the public hearing, or, if no public hearing is held, then within 12 months after receipt of the complete petition. The regulatory authority shall simultaneously send the decision by certified mail to the petitioner and intervenors and by regular mail to all other persons involved in the proceeding.
            (c) The decision of the State regulatory authority with respect to a petition, or the failure of the regulatory authority to act within the time limits set forth in this section, shall be subject to judicial review by a court of competent jurisdiction in accordance with State law under section 526(e) of the Act and § 775.13 of this chapter. All relevant portions of the data base, inventory system, and public comments received during the public comment period set by the regulatory authority shall be considered and included in the record of the administrative proceeding.

            § 764.21
            Data base and inventory system requirements.
            (a) The regulatory authority shall develop a data base and inventory system which will permit evaluation of whether reclamation is feasible in areas covered by petitions.

            (b) The regulatory authority shall include in the system information relevant to the criteria in § 762.11 of this chapter, including, but not limited to, information received from the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, the State Historic Preservation Officer, and the agency administering section 127 of the Clean Air Act, as amended (42 U.S.C. 7470 et seq.).
            (c) The regulatory authority shall add to the data base and inventory system information—
            (1) On potential coal resources of the State, demand for those resources, the environment, the economy and the supply of coal, sufficient to enable the regulatory authority to prepare the statements required by § 764.17(e); and
            (2) That becomes available from petitions, publications, experiments, permit application, mining and reclamation operations, and other sources.

            § 764.23
            Public information.
            The regulatory authority shall:
            (a) Make the information in the data base and inventory system developed under § 764.21 available to the public for inspection free of charge and for copying at reasonsable cost, except that specific information relating to location of properties proposed to be nominated to, or listed in, the National Register of Historic Places need not be disclosed if the regulatory authority determines that the disclosure of such information would create a risk of destruction or harm to such properties;
            (b) Provide information to the public on the petition procedures necessary to have an area designated as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations or to have designations terminated and describe how the inventory and data base system can be used.

            § 764.25
            Regulatory authority responsibility for implementation.
            (a) The regulatory authority shall not issue permits which are inconsistent with designations made pursuant to part 761, 762, or 764 of this chapter.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall maintain a map or other unified and cumulative record of areas designated unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations.

            (c) The regulatory authority shall make available to any person any information within its control regarding designations, including mineral or elemental content which is potentially toxic in the environment but excepting proprietary information on the chemical and physical properties of the coal.

          Pt. 769
          PART 769—PETITION PROCESS FOR DESIGNATION OF FEDERAL LANDS AS UNSUITABLE FOR ALL OR CERTAIN TYPES OF SURFACE COAL MINING OPERATIONS AND FOR TERMINATION OF PREVIOUS DESIGNATIONS

            Sec.
            769.1
            Scope.
            769.10
            Information collection
            769.11
            Who may submit a petition.
            769.12
            Where to submit petitions.
            769.13
            Contents of petitions.
            769.14
            Initial processing, recordkeeping, and notification requirements.
            769.15
            Intervention.
            769.16
            Public information.
            769.17
            Hearing requirements.
            769.18
            Decisions on petitions.
            769.19
            Regulatory policy.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            48 FR 41354, Sept. 14, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 769.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes minimum procedures and standards for designating Federal lands as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations and for terminating designations pursuant to petition.

            § 769.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements in this part do not require approval of the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 because there are fewer than 10 respondents annually.

            § 769.11
            Who may submit a petition.
            Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by surface coal mining operations to be conducted on Federal lands may petition the Secretary to have an area designated as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations, or to have an existing designation terminated. This right does not apply to areas set aside from surface coal mining operations under laws other than the Act. For the purpose of this section, a person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected must demonstrate how he or she meets an “injury in fact” test by describing the injury to his or her specific affected interests and demonstrate how he or she is among the injured.

            § 769.12
            Where to submit petitions.
            Each petition to have an area of Federal lands designated as unsuitable or to terminate an existing designation shall be submitted to the Director of the OSM Field Office responsible for that area where the Federal lands are located.

            § 769.13
            Contents of petitions.
            (a) Designation. The only information that a petitioner need provide to designate lands is that required under § 764.13(b) of this chapter.
            (b) Termination. The only information that a petitioner need provide to terminate a designation is that required by § 764.13(c) of this chapter.

            § 769.14
            Initial processing, recordkeeping, and notification requirements.
            (a)(1) Within 30 days of receipt of a petition, OSMRE shall determine whether the petition is complete and not frivolous. OSMRE may request other supplementary information that is readily available to be provided by the petitioner. Any request for such supplementary information from the petitioner shall not affect OSMRE's determination that the petition is complete for further processing.
            (2) Complete, (i) for a designation petition, means that (A) all information required under § 764.13(b) of this chapter has been provided and (B) the information submitted by the petitioner contains significant new allegations of fact and supporting evidence not considered in any previous unsuccessful petition of Federal lands review conducted under Section 522(b) of the Act, that tends to establish that the lands are unsuitable for surface coal mining operations; and (ii) for a termination petition, means that all information required under § 764.13(c) has been provided.
            (3) Frivolous, for a designation or termination petition, means that:

            (i) The allegations of harm lack serious merit; or
            (ii) Available information shows that no “mineable” coals resources exist in the petitioned area or that the petitioned area is not or could not be subject to related surface coal mining operations and surface impacts incident to an underground coal mine or an adjoining surface mine (mineable coal is coal with development potential as mapped or reported by the Bureau of Land Management under 43 CFR 3420.1-4(e)(1); and privately owned coal under land owned by the United States).
            (b) When the Director finds that the petition is incomplete or frivolous, he or she shall reject the petition with a written statement of reasons and advise the petitioner, via certified mail, that the petition may be reconsidered upon resubmittal with deficiencies cured.
            (c) When the Director finds that the petition is complete and not frivolous, he or she shall initiate the petition review and so advise the petitioner via certified mail.
            (d)(1) Within 2 weeks after accepting the petition for further processing, OSM shall send a copy of the petition to the authorized officer of the land management agency for the officer's recommendation on the petition.
            (2) The authorized officer of the appropriate Federal land management agency shall furnish a recommendation on the petition to OSM within 30 days of its receipt, if the area covered by the petition has been included in a completed Federal lands review or within 9 months, if the area has not been included in a Federal lands review.
            (e) Promptly after accepting a petition for further processing, OSM shall circulate copies of the petition to, and request submissions of relevant information from, other interested governmental agencies, the petitioner, intervenors, and any person, known to OSM to have an ownership interest in the property.
            (f) Where lands administered by the Department of the Interior and other Federal land management agencies are contiguous or intermingled or where the Department's resource management could affect resources on the other's land, the Director of OSM shall refer a copy of the petition to the other Federal land management agency and shall consider the agency's recommendations about designating those lands unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining or terminating such designations.
            (g) OSM may determine not to process any petition received insofar as it pertains to lands for which an administratively complete permit application has been filed and the first newspaper notice has been published. Based on such a determination, OSM may issue a decision on a complete and accurate permit application and shall inform the petitioner why OSM cannot consider the part of the petition pertaining to the proposed permit area.
            [48 FR 41354, Sept. 14, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 49324, Dec. 30, 1987]

            § 769.15
            Intervention.
            Up to 3 days before the OSM holds a hearing on a petition under § 769.17, any person may intervene in the proceeding by filing a statement describing how the designation directly affects the intervenor, allegations of facts and supporting evidence, a short statement identifying the petition to which the allegations pertain, and the intervenor's name, address and telephone number.

            § 769.16
            Public information.

            (a) Promptly after determining that a petition is complete, the Director shall notify the general public of the receipt of the petition and request submissions of the relevant information by a newspaper advertisement placed once a week for two consecutive weeks in the newspaper providing broadest circulation in the region of the petitioned area, and in the Federal Register. The advertisement and Federal Register notice shall include a description of the boundaries of the petitioned area, the allegations of fact, and information regarding where the petition is available for public review.

            (b)(1) Beginning immediately after a petition is filed, OSM shall compile and maintain a record consisting of all documents relating to the petition filed with or prepared by OSM with the exception of that information excluded under § 769.16(b)(2). OSM shall make the record available to the public for inspection free of charge and for copying at a reasonable cost during all normal business hours at its Washington, D.C. office. OSM shall also maintain information in or near the area in which the petitioned land is located; this information shall be available for public inspection, free of charge, and for copying at reasonable cost during all normal business hours. At a minimum, this information shall include a copy of the petition.
            (2) OSM need not make available to any person or entity the specific location of property proposed to be nominated to be listed or listed in the National Register of Historic Places if it is determined that disclosure of that information would create a risk of destruction or harm to such properties. Withheld information must be disclosed when a designation of unsuitability would rest primarily on an allegation based on that information.

            § 769.17
            Hearing requirements.
            (a) Within 10 months after receipt of a complete petition, OSM shall hold a public hearing in the locality of the area covered by the petition. If all petitioners and intervenors agree, the hearing need not be held. OSM may subpoena witnesses as necessary. The hearing may be conducted with cross-examination of expert witnesses only. A record of the hearing shall be made and preserved. No person shall bear the burden of proof or persuasion. All relevant parts of the data base and inventory system and all public comments received during the public comment period shall be included in the record and considered by OSM in deciding the petition.
            (b)(1) OSM shall give notice of the date, time, and location of the hearing to:
            (i) Local, State, and Federal agencies which may have an interest in the decision on the petition;
            (ii) The petitioner and the intervenors; and
            (iii) Any person known by OSM to have a property interest in the petitioned area.
            (2) Notice of the hearing shall be sent by certified mail to the petitioner and intervenors, and by regular mail to other persons involved in the proceeding, and postmarked not less than 30 days before the scheduled date of the hearing.
            (3) OSM shall notify the general public of the date, time, and location of the hearing by placing a newspaper advertisement once a week for 2 consecutive weeks prior to the scheduled date of the public hearing in the locale of the area covered by the petition and once during the week prior to the scheduled date of the public hearing. The consecutive weekly advertisements must begin between 4 and 5 weeks prior to the scheduled date of the public hearing.
            (c) OSM may consolidate into a single hearing the hearings required for each of several petitions which relate to areas in the same locale.
            (d) If any petitions relates to an area of Federal lands which is the subject of a pending surface coal mining and reclamation operations permit application, OSM may, with consent of all petitioners and intervenors, coordinate the hearing on the petition required under paragraph (a) of this section with any hearing on the permit application or informal conference held in accordance with section 513(b) of the Act and § 740.13 of this chapter on the permit application. Nothing in this paragraph shall relieve an applicant for a permit from the burden of establishing that his or her application is in compliance with the requirements of the Federal lands program.
            (e) Prior to designating any lands as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations, OSM shall issue a detailed statement on the abundance of coal resources of the area, the demand for coal resources, and the impact of such designation on the environment, the economy, and the supply of coal.

            § 769.18
            Decisions on petitions.

            (a) In reaching his or her decision, the Director shall use the information and consider the recommendation provided by the Federal land management agency, information provided by other governmental agencies, the detailed statement, when it is prepared under § 769.17(e), and any other relevant information submitted during the comment period.
            (b) A final written decision shall be issued by the Director, including a statement of reasons, within 60 days of completion of the public hearing, or if no public hearing is held, within 12 months after receipt of the complete petition. The Director shall simultaneously send the decision by certified mail to the petitioner and the intervenors and by regular mail to all other persons involved in the proceeding.
            (c) If the Director concurs with the recommendation of the surface managing agency, the Director's decision becomes final. If the Director does not concur with the recommendation, he or she shall notify the Director of the surface managing agency within 30 days after the public hearing, if any. The decision at the same time will be referred to the Secretary through respective agency heads for resolution and issuance of a final decision within 60 days after the hearing, if any.
            (d) A final decision of the Director or the Secretary is subject to judicial review in accordance with § 775.13 of this chapter and section 526 (a)(2) and (b) of the Act.

            § 769.19
            Regulatory policy.
            Once an area of Federal lands is designated as unsuitable for all or certain types of surface coal mining operations, any permit or lease shall be conditioned in a manner so as to limit or prohibit surface coal mining operations on the designated areas in accordance with the designation.

        SUBCHAPTER G—SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS PERMITS AND COAL EXPLORATION SYSTEMS UNDER REGULATORY PROGRAMS

          Pt. 772
          PART 772—REQUIREMENTS FOR COAL EXPLORATION

            Sec.
            772.1
            Scope and purpose.
            772.10
            Information collection.
            772.11
            Notice requirements for exploration removing 250 tons of coal or less.
            772.12
            Permit requirements for exploration that will remove more than 250 tons of coal or that will occur on lands designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            772.13
            Coal exploration compliance duties.
            772.14
            Commercial use or sale.
            772.15
            Public availability of information.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 40634, Sept. 8, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 772.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part establishes the requirements and procedures applicable to coal exploration operations on all lands except for Federal lands subject to the requirements of 43 CFR parts 3480-3487.
            [48 FR 40634, Sept. 8, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983]

            § 772.10
            Information collection.
            (a) In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection and recordkeeping requirements of this part. The OMB clearance number is 1029-0112. OSM and State regulatory authorities use the information collected under this part to maintain knowledge of coal exploration activities, evaluate the need for an exploration permit, and ensure that exploration activities comply with the environmental protection, public participation, and reclamation requirements of parts 772 and 815 of this chapter and 30 U.S.C. 1262. Persons seeking to conduct coal exploration must respond to obtain a benefit.
            (b) OSM estimates that the combined public reporting and recordkeeping burden for all respondents under this part will average 11 hours per notice or application submitted, including time spent reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Specifically, OSM estimates that preparation of a notice of intent to explore under § 772.11 will require an average of 10 hours per notice, preparation and processing of an application for coal exploration under § 772.12 will require an average of 103 hours per application, compliance with § 772.14 will require an average of 18 hours per application, and recordkeeping and information collection under § 772.15 will require an average of approximately 1 hour per response. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of these information collection requirements, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, 1951 Constitution Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs, Attention: Interior Desk Officer, 725 17th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20503. Please refer to OMB Control Number 1029-0112 in any correspondence.
            [64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 772.11
            Notice requirements for exploration removing 250 tons of coal or less.

            (a) Any person who intends to conduct coal exploration operations outside a permit area during which 250 tons or less of coal will be removed, shall, before conducting the exploration, file with the regulatory authority a written notice of intention to explore. Exploration which will take place on lands designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations under subchapter F of this chapter, shall be subject to the permitting requirements under § 772.12. Exploration conducted under a notice of intent shall be subject to the requirements prescribed under § 772.13.
            (b) The notice shall include—
            (1) The name, address, and telephone number of the person seeking to explore;
            (2) The name, address, and telephone number of the person's representative who will be present at, and responsible for, conducting the exploration activities;
            (3) A narrative describing the proposed exploration area or a map at a scale of 1:24,000, or greater, showing the proposed area of exploration and the general location of drill holes and trenches, existing and proposed roads, occupied dwellings, topographic features, bodies of surface water, and pipelines;
            (4) A statement of the period of intended exploration; and
            (5) A description of the method of exploration to be used and the practices that will be followed to protect the environment and to reclaim the area from adverse impacts of the exploration activities in accordance with the applicable requirements of part 815 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 40634, Sept. 8, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 52949, Dec. 29, 1988]

            § 772.12
            Permit requirements for exploration that will remove more than 250 tons of coal or that will occur on lands designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations.
            (a) Exploration permit. Any person who intends to conduct coal exploration outside a permit area during which more than 250 tons of coal will be removed or which will take place on lands designated as unsuitable for surface mining under subchapter F of this chapter, shall, before conducting the exploration, submit an application and obtain written approval from the regulatory authority in an exploration permit. Such exploration shall be subject to the requirements prescribed under §§ 772.13 and 772.14.
            (b) Application information. Each application for an exploration permit shall contain, at a minimum, the following information:
            (1) The name, address, and telephone number of the applicant.
            (2) The name, address and telephone number of the applicant's representative who will be present at, and responsible for, conducting the exploration activities.
            (3) A narrative describing the proposed exploration area.
            (4) A narrative description of the methods and equipment to be used to conduct the exploration and reclamation.
            (5) An estimated timetable for conducting and completing each phase of the exploration and reclamation.
            (6) The estimated amount of coal to be removed and a description of the methods to be used to determine the amount.
            (7) A statement of why extraction of more than 250 tons of coal is necessary for exploration.
            (8) A description of—
            (i) Cultural or historical resources listed on the National Register of Historic Places;
            (ii) Cultural or historical resources known to be eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places; and
            (iii) Known archeological resources located within the proposed exploration area.
            (iv) Any other information which the regulatory authority may require regarding known or unknown historic or archeological resources.

            (9) A description of any endangered or threatened species listed pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) identified within the proposed exploration area.
            (10) A description of the measures to be used to comply with the applicable requirements of part 815 of this chapter.
            (11) The name and address of the owner of record of the surface land and of the subsurface mineral estate of the area to be explored.

            (12) A map or maps at a scale of 1:24,000, or larger, showing the areas of land to be disturbed by the proposed exploration and reclamation. The map shall specifically show existing roads, occupied dwellings, topographic and drainage features, bodies of surface water, and pipelines; proposed locations of trenches, roads, and other access routes and structures to be constructed; the location of proposed land excavations; the location of exploration holes or other drill holes or underground openings; the location of excavated earth or waste-material disposal areas; and the location of critical habitats of any endangered or threatened species listed pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
            (13) If the surface is owned by a person other than the applicant, a description of the basis upon which the applicant claims the right to enter that land for the purpose of conducting exploration and reclamation.
            (14) For any lands listed in § 761.11 of this chapter, a demonstration that, to the extent technologically and economically feasible, the proposed exploration activities have been designed to minimize interference with the values for which those lands were designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations. The application must include documentation of consultation with the owner of the feature causing the land to come under the protection of § 761.11 of this chapter, and, when applicable, with the agency with primary jurisdiction over the feature with respect to the values that caused the land to come under the protection of § 761.11 of this chapter.
            (c) Public notice and opportunity to comment. Public notice of the application and opportunity to comment shall be provided as follows:
            (1) Within such time as the regulatory authority may designate, the applicant shall provide public notice of the filing of an administratively complete application with the regulatory authority in a newspaper of general circulation in the county of the proposed exploration area.
            (2) The public notice shall state the name and address of the person seeking approval, the filing date of the application, the address of the regulatory authority where written comments on the application may be submitted, the closing date of the comment period, and a description of the area of exploration.
            (3) Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected shall have the right to file written comments on the application within reasonable time limits.
            (d) Decisions on applications for exploration. (1) The regulatory authority shall act upon an administratively complete application for a coal exploration permit and any written comments within a reasonable period of time. The approval of a coal exploration permit may be based only on a complete and accurate application.
            (2) The regulatory authority shall approve a complete and accurate application for a coal exploration permit filed in accordance with this part if it finds, in writing, that the applicant has demonstrated that the exploration and reclamation described in the application will—
            (i) Be conducted in accordance with this part, part 815 of this chapter, and the applicable provisions of the regulatory program;
            (ii) Not jeopardize the continued existence of an endangered or threatened species listed pursuant to section 4 of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, 16 U.S.C. 1533, or result in the destruction or adverse modification of critical habitat of those species;

            (iii) Not adversely affect any cultural or historical resources listed on the National Register of Historic Places pursuant to the National Historic Preservation Act, 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq., unless the proposed exploration has been approved by both the regulatory authority and the agency with jurisdiction over the resources to be affected; and

            (iv) With respect to exploration activities on any lands protected under § 761.11 of this chapter, minimize interference, to the extent technologically and economically feasible, with the values for which those lands were designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations. Before making this finding, the regulatory authority must provide reasonable opportunity to the owner of the feature causing the land to come under the protection of § 761.11 of this chapter, and, when applicable, to the agency with primary jurisdiction over the feature with respect to the values that caused the land to come under the protection of § 761.11 of this chapter, to comment on whether the finding is appropriate.
            (3) Terms of approval issued by the regulatory authority shall contain conditions necessary to ensure that the exploration and reclamation will be conducted in compliance with this part, part 815 of this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            (e) Notice and hearing. (1) The regulatory authority shall notify the applicant, the appropriate local government officials, and other commenters on the application, in writing, of its decision on the application. If the application is disapproved, the notice to the applicant shall include a statement of the reason for disapproval. Public notice of the decision on each application shall be posted by the regulatory authority at a public office in the vicinity of the proposed exploration operations.
            (2) Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by a decision of the regulatory authority pursuant to paragraph (e)(1) of this section shall have the opportunity for administrative and judicial review as set forth in part 775 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 40634, Sept. 8, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987; 53 FR 52949, Dec. 29, 1988; 64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 772.13
            Coal exploration compliance duties.
            (a) All coal exploration and reclamation activities that substantially disturb the natural land surface shall be conducted in accordance with the coal exploration requirements of this part, part 815 of this chapter, the regulatory program, and any exploration permit term or condition imposed by the regulatory authority.
            (b) Any person who conducts any coal exploration in violation of the provisions of this part, part 815 of this chapter, the regulatory program, or any exploration permit term or condition imposed by the regulatory authority shall be subject to the provisions of section 518 of the Act, subchapter L of this chapter, and the applicable inspection and enforcement provisions of the regulatory program.

            § 772.14
            Commercial use or sale.
            (a) Except as provided under §§ 772.14(b) and 700.11(a)(5), any person who intends to commercially use or sell coal extracted during coal exploration operations under an exploration permit, shall first obtain a permit to conduct surface coal mining operations for those operations from the regulatory authority under parts 773 through 785 of this chapter.
            (b) With the prior written approval of the regulatory authority, no permit to conduct surface coal mining operations is required for the sale or commercial use of coal extracted during exploration operations if such sale or commercial use is for coal testing purposes only. The person conducting the exploration shall file an application for such approval with the regulatory authority. The application shall demonstrate that the coal testing is necessary for the development of a surface coal mining and reclamation operation for which a surface coal mining operations permit application is to be submitted in the near future, and that the proposed commercial use or sale of coal extracted during exploration operations is solely for the purpose of testing the coal. The application shall contain the following:
            (1) The name of the testing firm and the locations at which the coal will be tested.
            (2) If the coal will be sold directly to, or commercially used directly by, the intended end user, a statement from the intended end user, or if the coal is sold indirectly to the intended end user through an agent or broker, a statement from the agent or broker. The statement shall include:
            (i) The specific reason for the test, including why the coal may be so different from the intended user's other coal supplies as to require testing;
            (ii) The amount of coal necessary for the test and why a lesser amount is not sufficient; and
            (iii) A description of the specific tests that will be conducted.

            (3) Evidence that sufficient reserves of coal are available to the person conducting exploration or its principals for future commercial use or sale to the intended end user, or agent or broker of such user identified above, to demonstrate that the amount of coal to be removed is not the total reserve, but is a sampling of a larger reserve.
            (4) An explanation as to why other means of exploration, such as core drilling, are not adequate to determine the quality of the coal and/or the feasibility of developing a surface coal mining operation.
            [53 FR 52949, Dec. 29, 1988]

            § 772.15
            Public availability of information.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, all information submitted to the regulatory authority under this part shall be made available for public inspection and copying at the local offices of the regulatory authority closest to the exploration area.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall keep information confidential if the person submitting it requests in writing, at the time of submission, that it be kept confidential and the information concerns trade secrets or is privileged commercial or financial information relating to the competitive rights of the persons intending to conduct coal exploration.
            (c) Information requested to be held as confidential under paragraph (b) of this section shall not be made publicly available until after notice and opportunity to be heard is afforded persons both seeking and opposing disclosure of the information.

          Pt. 773
          PART 773—REQUIREMENTS FOR PERMITS AND PERMIT PROCESSING

            Sec.
            773.1
            Scope and purpose.
            773.3
            Information collection.
            773.4
            Requirements to obtain permits.
            773.5
            Regulatory coordination with requirements under other laws.
            773.6
            Public participation in permit processing.
            773.7
            Review of permit applications.
            773.8
            General provisions for review of permit application information and entry of information into AVS.
            773.9
            Review of applicant and operator information.
            773.10
            Review of permit history.
            773.11
            Review of compliance history.
            773.12
            Permit eligibility determination.
            773.13
            Unanticipated events or conditions at remaining sites.
            773.14
            Eligibility for provisionally issued permits.
            773.15
            Written findings for permit application approval.
            773.16
            Performance bond submittal.
            773.17
            Permit conditions.
            773.19
            Permit issuance and right of renewal.
            773.21
            Initial review and finding requirements for improvidently issued permits.
            773.22
            Notice requirements for improvidently issued permits.
            773.23
            Suspension or rescission requirements for improvidently issued permits.
            773.25
            Who may challenge ownership or control listings and findings.
            773.26
            How to challenge an ownership or control listing or finding.
            773.27
            Burden of proof for ownership or control challenges.
            773.28
            Written agency decision on challenges to ownership or control listings or findings.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq., 16 U.S.C. 661 et seq., 16 U.S.C. 703 et seq., 16 U.S.C. 668a et seq., 16 U.S.C. 469 et seq., and 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54938, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 773 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93323-93325, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 773.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part provides minimum requirements for permits and permit processing and covers obtaining and reviewing permits; coordinating with other laws; public participation; permit decision and notification; permit conditions; and permit term and right of renewal.

            § 773.3
            Information collection.

            The collections of information contained in part 773 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0115. The information collected will be used by the regulatory authority in processing surface coal mining permit applications. Persons intending to conduct surface coal mining operations must respond to obtain a benefit. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Response is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. Send comments regarding burden estimates or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, Room 202—SIB, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20240.
            [72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.4
            Requirements to obtain permits.
            (a) All operations. On and after 8 months from the effective date of a permanent regulatory program within a State, no person shall engage in or carry out any surface coal mining operations, unless such person has first obtained a permit issued by the regulatory authority except as provided for in paragraph (b) of this section. A permittee need not renew the permit if no surface coal mining operations will be conducted under the permit and solely reclamation activities remain to be done. Obligations established under a permit continue until completion of surface coal mining and reclamation operations, regardless of whether the authorization to conduct surface coal mining operations has expired or has been terminated, revoked, or suspended.
            (b) Continuation of initial program operations. (1) If a State program receives final disapproval under part 732 of this chapter, including judicial review of the disapproval, existing surface coal mining and reclamation operations may continue pursuant to the provisions of subchapter B of this chapter and section 502 of the Act until promulgation of a complete Federal program for the State. During this period, no new permits for surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall be issued by the State. Permits that lapse during this period may continue in full force and effect within the specified permit area until promulgation of a Federal program for the State.
            (2) Except for coal preparation plants separately authorized to operate under 30 CFR 785.21(e), a person conducting surface coal mining operations, under a permit issued or amended by the regulatory authority in accordance with the requirements of section 502 of the Act, may conduct such operations beyond the period prescribed in paragraph (a) of this section if—
            (i) Not later than 2 months following the effective date of a permanent regulatory program, regardless of litigation contesting that program, an application for a permanent regulatory program permit is filed for any operation to be conducted after the expiration of 8 months from such effective date in accordance with the provisions of the regulatory program;
            (ii) The regulatory authority has not yet rendered an initial administrative decision approving or disapproving the permit; and
            (iii) The surface coal mining and reclamation operation is conducted in compliance with the requirements of the Act, subchapter B of this chapter, applicable State statutes and regulations, and all terms and conditions of the initial program authorization or permit.
            (3) No new initial program permits may be issued after the effective date of a State program unless the application was received prior to such date.
            (c) Continued operations under Federal program permits. (1) A permit issued by the Director pursuant to a Federal program for a State shall be valid under any superseding State program approved by the Secretary.
            (2) The Federal permittee shall have the right to apply to the State regulatory authority for a State permit to supersede the Federal permit.
            (3) The State regulatory authority may review a permit issued pursuant to the superseded Federal program to determine that the requirements of the Act and the approved State program are not violated by the Federal permit, and to the extent that the approved State program contains additional requirements not contained in the Federal program for the State, the State regulatory authority shall—
            (i) Inform the permittee in writing;
            (ii) Provide the permittee an opportunity for a hearing;

            (iii) Provide the permittee a reasonable opportunity to resubmit the permit application in whole or in part, as appropriate; and

            (iv) Provide the permittee a reasonable time to conform ongoing surface coal mining and reclamation operations to the requirements of the State program.
            (d) Continued operations under State program permits. (1) A permit issued pursuant to a previously approved or conditionally approved State program shall be valid under a superseding Federal program.
            (2) Immediately following promulgation of a Federal program, the Director shall review the permits issued under the previously approved State program to determine that the requirements of the Act, this chapter, and the Federal program are not violated. If the Director determines that a permit was granted contrary to the requirments of this Act, the Director shall—
            (i) Inform the permittee in writing;
            (ii) Provide the permittee an opportunity for a hearing;
            (iii) Provide the permittee a reasonable opportunity to resubmit the permit application in whole or in part, as appropriate; and
            (iv) Provide the permittee a reasonable time to conform ongoing surface coal mining and reclamation operations to the requirements of the Federal program, as prescribed in the Federal program for the State.
            [48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 11607, Apr. 7, 1988; 54 FR 13823, Apr. 5, 1989. Redesignated at 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000.]

            § 773.5
            Regulatory coordination with requirements under other laws.

            Each regulatory program shall, to avoid duplication, provide for the coordination of review and issuance of permits for surface coal mining and reclamation operations with applicable requirements of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.); the Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 661 et seq.); the Migratory Bird Treaty Act of 1918, as amended (16 U.S.C. 703 et seq.); The National Historic Preservation Act of 1966, as amended (16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.); the Bald Eagle Protection Act, as amended (16 U.S.C. 668a); for Federal programs only, the Archeological and Historic Preservation Act of 1974 (16 U.S.C. 469 et seq.); and the Archaeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 (16 U.S.C. 470aa et seq.) where Federal and Indian lands covered by that Act are involved.
            [52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987. Redesignated at 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 81 FR 93323, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54937, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 773.6
            Public participation in permit processing.
            (a) Filing and public notice. (1) Upon submission of an administratively complete application, an applicant for a permit, significant revision of a permit under § 774.13, or renewal of a permit under § 774.15, shall place an advertisement in a local newspaper of general circulation in the locality of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation at least once a week for four consecutive weeks. A copy of the advertisement as it will appear in the newspaper shall be submitted to the regulatory authority. The advertisement shall contain, at a minimum, the following:
            (i) The name and business address of the applicant.
            (ii) A map or description which clearly shows or describes the precise location and boundaries of the proposed permit area and is sufficient to enable local residents to readily identify the proposed permit area. It may include towns, bodies of water, local landmarks, and any other information which would identify the location. If a map is used, it shall indicate the north direction.
            (iii) The location where a copy of the application is available for public inspection.
            (iv) The name and address of the regulatory authority where written comments, objections, or requests for informal conferences on the application may be submitted under paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section.

            (v) If an applicant seeks a permit to mine within 100 feet of the outside right-of-way of a public road or to relocate or close a public road, except where public notice and hearing have previously been provided for this particular part of the road in accordance with § 761.14 of this chapter; a concise statement describing the public road, the particular part to be relocated or closed, and the approximate timing and duration of the relocation or closing.
            (vi) If the application includes a request for an experimental practice under § 785.13, a statement indicating that an experimental practice is requested and identifying the regulatory provisions for which a variance is requested.
            (2) The applicant shall make an application for a permit, significant revision under § 774.13, or renewal of a permit under § 774.15 available for the public to inspect and copy by filing a full copy of the application with the recorder at the courthouse of the county where the mining is proposed to occur, or an accessible public office approved by the regulatory authority. This copy of the application need not include confidential information exempt from disclosure under paragraph (d) of this section. The application required by this paragraph shall be filed by the first date of newspaper advertisement of the application. The applicant shall file any changes to the application with the public office at the same time the change is submitted to the regulatory authority.
            (3) Upon receipt of an administratively complete application for a permit, a significant revision to a permit under § 774.13, or a renewal of a permit under § 774.15, the regulatory authority shall issue written notification indicating the applicant's intention to mine the described tract of land, the application number or other identifier, the location where the copy of the application may be inspected, and the location where comments on the application may be submitted. The notification shall be sent to—
            (i) Local governmental agencies with jurisdiction over or an interest in the area of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation, including but not limited to planning agencies, sewage and water treatment authorities, water companies; and
            (ii) All Federal or State governmental agencies with authority to issue permits and licenses applicable to the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation and which are part of the permit coordinating process developed in accordance with section 503(a)(6) or section 504(h) of the Act, or § 773.5; or those agencies with an interest in the proposed operation, including the U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service district office, the local U.S. Army Corps of Engineers district engineer, the National Park Service, State and Federal fish and wildlife agencies, and the historic preservation officer.
            (b) Comments and objections on permit applications. (1) Within a reasonable time established by the regulatory authority, written comments or objections on an application for a permit, significant revision to a permit under § 774.13, or renewal of a permit under § 774.15 may be submitted to the regulatory authority by public entities notified under paragraph (a)(3) of this section with respect to the effects of the proposed mining operations on the environment within their areas of responsibility.
            (2) Written objections to an application for a permit, significant revision to a permit under § 774.13, or renewal of a permit under § 774.15 may be submitted to the regulatory authority by any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by the decision on the application, or by an officer or head of any Federal, State, or local government agency or authority, within 30 days after the last publication of the newspaper notice required by paragraph (a) of this section.
            (3) The regulatory authority shall upon receipt of such written comments or objections—
            (i) Transmit a copy of the comments or objections to the applicants; and
            (ii) File a copy for public inspection at the same public office where the application is filed.
            (c) Informal conferences. (1) Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by the decision on the application, or an officer or a head of a Federal, State, or local government agency, may request in writing that the regulatory authority hold an informal conference on the application for a permit, significant revision to a permit under § 774.13, or renewal of a permit under § 774.15. The request shall—

            (i) Briefly summarize the issues to be raised by the requestor at the conference;

            (ii) State whether the requestor desires to have the conference conducted in the locality of the proposed operation; and
            (iii) Be filed with the regulatory authority no later than 30 days after the last publication of the newspaper advertisement required under paragraph (a) of this section.
            (2) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(3) of this section, if an informal conference is requested in accordance with paragraph (c)(1) of this section, the regulatory authority shall hold an informal conference within a reasonable time following the receipt of the request. The informal conference shall be conducted as follows:
            (i) If requested under paragraph (c)(1)(ii) of this section, it shall be held in the locality of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation.
            (ii) The date, time, and location of the informal conference shall be sent to the applicant and other parties to the conference and advertised by the regulatory authority in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality of the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operation at least 2 weeks before the scheduled conference.
            (iii) If requested in writing by a conference requestor at a reasonable time before the conference, the regulatory authority may arrange with the applicant to grant parties to the conference access to the proposed permit area and, to the extent that the applicant has the right to grant access to it, to the adjacent area prior to the established date of the conference for the purpose of gathering information relevant to the conference.
            (iv) The requirements of section 5 of the Administrative Procedure Act, as amended (5 U.S.C. 554), shall not apply to the conduct of the informal conference. The conference shall be conducted by a representative of the regulatory authority, who may accept oral or written statements and any other relevant information from any party to the conference. An electronic or stenographic record shall be made of the conference, unless waived by all the parties. The record shall be maintained and shall be accessible to the parties of the conference until final release of the applicant's performance bond or other equivalent guarantee pursuant to subchapter J of this chapter.
            (3) If all parties requesting the informal conference withdraw their request before the conference is held, the informal conference may be canceled.
            (4) Informal conferences held in accordance with this section may be used by the regulatory authority as the public hearing required under § 761.14(c) of this chapter on proposed relocation or closing of public roads.
            (d) Public availability of permit applications—(1) General availability. Except as provided in paragraph (d)(2) or (d)(3) of this section, all applications for permits; revisions; renewals; and transfers, assignments or sales of permit rights on file with the regulatory authority shall be available, at reasonable times, for public inspection and copying.
            (2) Limited availability. Except as provided in paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section, information pertaining to coal seams, test borings, core samplings, or soil samples in an application shall be made available to any person with an interest which is or may be adversely affected. Information subject to this paragraph shall be made available to the public when such information is required to be on public file pursuant to State law.
            (3) Confidentiality. The regulatory authority shall provide procedures, including notice and opportunity to be heard for persons both seeking and opposing disclosure, to ensure confidentiality of qualified confidential information, which shall be clearly identified by the applicant and submitted separately from the remainder of the application. Confidential information is limited to—
            (i) Information that pertains only to the analysis of the chemical and physical properties of the coal to be mined, except information on components of such coal which are potentially toxic in the environment;
            (ii) Information required under section 508 of the Act that is not on public file pursuant to State law and that the applicant has requested in writing to be held confidential;

            (iii) Information on the nature and location of archeological resources on public land and Indian land as required under the Archeological Resources Protection Act of 1979 (Pub. L. 96-95, 93 Stat. 721, 16 U.S.C. 470).
            [48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999. Redesignated and amended at 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000; 66 FR 16127, Mar. 23, 2001; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 773.7
            Review of permit applications.
            (a) The regulatory authority will review an application for a permit, revision, or renewal; written comments and objections submitted; and records of any informal conference or hearing held on the application and issue a written decision, within a reasonable time set by the regulatory authority, either granting, requiring modification of, or denying the application. If an informal conference is held under § 773.6(c) of this part, the decision will be made within 60 days of the close of the conference.
            (b) The applicant for a permit or revision of a permit shall have the burden of establishing that his application is in compliance with all the requirements of the regulatory program.
            [48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000; 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007; 81 FR 93323, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54937, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 773.8
            General provisions for review of permit application information and entry of information into AVS.
            (a) Based on an administratively complete application, we, the regulatory authority, must undertake the reviews required under §§ 773.9 through 773.11 of this part.
            (b) We will enter into AVS—
            (1) The information you are required to submit under §§ 778.11 and 778.12(c) of this subchapter.
            (2) The information you submit under § 778.14 of this subchapter pertaining to violations which are unabated or uncorrected after the abatement or correction period has expired.
            (c) We must update the information referred to in paragraph (b) of this section in AVS upon our verification of any additional information submitted or discovered during our permit application review.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.9
            Review of applicant and operator information.
            (a) We, the regulatory authority, will rely upon the information that you, the applicant, are required to submit under § 778.11 of this subchapter, information from AVS, and any other available information, to review your and your operator's organizational structure and ownership or control relationships.
            (b) We must conduct the review required under paragraph (a) of this section before making a permit eligibility determination under § 773.12 of this part.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 773.10
            Review of permit history.
            (a) We, the regulatory authority, will rely upon the permit history information you, the applicant, submit under § 778.12 of this subchapter, information from AVS, and any other available information to review your and your operator's permit histories. We must conduct this review before making a permit eligibility determination under § 773.12 of this part.
            (b) We will also determine if you or your operator have previous mining experience.
            (c) If you or your operator do not have any previous mining experience, we may conduct an additional review under § 774.11(f) of this subchapter. The purpose of this review will be to determine if someone else with mining experience controls the mining operation.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.11
            Review of compliance history.
            (a) We, the regulatory authority, will rely upon the violation information supplied by you, the applicant, under § 778.14 of this subchapter, a report from AVS, and any other available information to review histories of compliance with the Act or the applicable State regulatory program, and any other applicable air or water quality laws, for—
            (1) You;
            (2) Your operator;

            (3) Operations you own or control; and
            (4) Operations your operator owns or controls.
            (b) We must conduct the review required under paragraph (a) of this section before making a permit eligibility determination under § 773.12 of this part.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 773.12
            Permit eligibility determination.
            Based on the reviews required under §§ 773.9 through 773.11 of this part, we, the regulatory authority, will determine whether you, the applicant, are eligible for a permit under section 510(c) of the Act.
            (a) Except as provided in §§ 773.13 and 773.14 of this part, you are not eligible for a permit if we find that any surface coal mining operation that—
            (1) You directly own or control has an unabated or uncorrected violation; or
            (2) You or your operator indirectly control has an unabated or uncorrected violation and your control was established or the violation was cited after November 2, 1988.
            (b) We will not issue you a permit if you or your operator are permanently ineligible to receive a permit under § 774.11(c) of this subchapter.
            (c) After we approve your permit under § 773.15 of this part, we will not issue the permit until you comply with the information update and certification requirement of § 778.9(d) of this subchapter. After you complete that requirement, we will again request a compliance history report from AVS to determine if there are any unabated or uncorrected violations which affect your permit eligibility under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section. We will request this report no more than five business days before permit issuance under § 773.19 of this part.
            (d) If you are ineligible for a permit under this section, we will send you written notification of our decision. The notice will tell you why you are ineligible and include notice of your appeal rights under part 775 of this subchapter and 43 CFR 4.1360 through 4.1369.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.13
            Unanticipated events or conditions at remining sites.
            (a) You, the applicant, are eligible for a permit under § 773.12 if an unabated violation—
            (1) Occurred after October 24, 1992; and
            (2) Resulted from an unanticipated event or condition at a surface coal mining and reclamation operation on lands that are eligible for remining under a permit that was held by the person applying for the new permit.
            (b) For permits issued under § 785.25 of this subchapter, an event or condition is presumed to be unanticipated for the purpose of this section if it—
            (1) Arose after permit issuance;
            (2) Was related to prior mining; and
            (3) Was not identified in the permit application.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 73 FR 67630, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 773.14
            Eligibility for provisionally issued permits.
            (a) This section applies to you if you are an applicant who owns or controls a surface coal mining and reclamation operation with—
            (1) A notice of violation issued under § 843.12 of this chapter or the State regulatory program equivalent for which the abatement period has not yet expired; or
            (2) A violation that is unabated or uncorrected beyond the abatement or correction period.
            (b) We, the regulatory authority, will find you eligible for a provisionally issued permit under this section if you demonstrate that one or more of the following circumstances exists with respect to all violations listed in paragraph (a) of this section—

            (1) For violations meeting the criteria of paragraph (a)(1) of this section, you certify that the violation is being abated to the satisfaction of the regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the violation, and we have no evidence to the contrary.

            (2) As applicable, you, your operator, and operations that you or your operator own or control are in compliance with the terms of any abatement plan (or, for delinquent fees or penalties, a payment schedule) approved by the agency with jurisdiction over the violation.
            (3) You are pursuing a good faith—
            (i) Challenge to all pertinent ownership or control listings or findings under §§ 773.25 through 773.27 of this part; or
            (ii) Administrative or judicial appeal of all pertinent ownership or control listings or findings, unless there is an initial judicial decision affirming the listing or finding and that decision remains in force.
            (4) The violation is the subject of a good faith administrative or judicial appeal contesting the validity of the violation, unless there is an initial judicial decision affirming the violation and that decision remains in force.
            (c) We will consider a provisionally issued permit to be improvidently issued, and we must immediately initiate procedures under §§ 773.22 and 773.23 of this part to suspend or rescind that permit, if—
            (1) Violations included in paragraph (b)(1) of this section are not abated within the specified abatement period;
            (2) You, your operator, or operations that you or your operator own or control do not comply with the terms of an abatement plan or payment schedule mentioned in paragraph (b)(2) of this section;
            (3) In the absence of a request for judicial review, the disposition of a challenge and any subsequent administrative review referenced in paragraph (b)(3) or (4) of this section affirms the validity of the violation or the ownership or control listing or finding; or
            (4) The initial judicial review decision referenced in paragraph (b)(3)(ii) or (4) of this section affirms the validity of the violation or the ownership or control listing or finding.
            [65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.15
            Written findings for permit application approval.
            No permit application or application for a significant revision of a permit shall be approved unless the application affirmatively demonstrates and the regulatory authority finds, in writing, on the basis of information set forth in the application or from information otherwise available that is documented in the approval, the following:
            (a) The application is accurate and complete and the applicant has complied with all requirements of the Act and the regulatory program.
            (b) The applicant has demonstrated that reclamation as required by the Act and the regulatory program can be accomplished under the reclamation plan contained in the permit application.
            (c) The proposed permit area is—
            (1) Not within an area under study or administrative proceedings under a petition, filed pursuant to parts 764 and 769 of this chapter, to have an area designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations, unless the applicant demonstrates that before January 4, 1977, he has made substantial legal and financial commitments in relation to the operation covered by the permit application; or
            (2) Not within an area designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining operations under parts 762 and 764 or 769 of this chapter or within an area subject to the prohibitions of § 761.11 of this chapter.
            (d) For mining operations where the private mineral estate to be mined has been severed from the private surface estate, the applicant has submitted to the regulatory authority the documentation required under § 778.15(b) of this chapter.
            (e) The regulatory authority has made an assessment of the probable cumulative impacts of all anticipated coal mining on the hydrologic balance in the cumulative impact area and has determined that the proposed operation has been designed to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area.

            (f) The applicant has demonstrated that any existing structure will comply with § 701.11(d), and the applicable performance standards of subchapter B or K of this chapter.

            (g) The applicant has paid all reclamation fees from previous and existing operations as required by subchapter R of this chapter.
            (h) The applicant has satisfied the applicable requirements of part 785 of this chapter.
            (i) The applicant has, if applicable, satisfied the requirements for approval of a long-term, intensive agricultural postmining land use, in accordance with the requirements of § 816.111(d) or § 817.111(d).

            (j) The operation would not affect the continued existence of endangered or threatened species or result in destruction or adverse modification of their critical habitats, as determined under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
            (k) The regulatory authority has taken into account the effect of the proposed permitting action on properties listed on and eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. This finding may be supported in part by inclusion of appropriate permit conditions or changes in the operation plan protecting historic resources, or a documented decision that the regulatory authority has determined that no additional protection measures are necessary.

            (l) For a proposed remining operation where the applicant intends to reclaim in accordance with the requirements of § 816.106 or § 817.106 of this chapter, the site of the operation is a previously mined area as defined in § 701.5 of this chapter.
            (m) For permits to be issued under § 785.25 of this chapter, the permit application must contain:
            (i) Lands eligible for remining;
            (ii) An identification of the potential environmental and safety problems related to prior mining activity which could reasonably be anticipated to occur at the site; and
            (iii) Mitigation plans to sufficiently address these potential environmental and safety problems so that reclamation as required by the applicable requirements of the regulatory program can be accomplished.
            (n) The applicant is eligible to receive a permit, based on the reviews under §§ 773.7 through 773.14 of this part.
            [48 FR 44391, Sept. 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000; 81 FR 93324, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54937, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 773.16
            Performance bond submittal.
            If the regulatory authority decides to approve the application, it shall require that the applicant file the performance bond or provide other equivalent guarantee before the permit is issued, in accordance with the provisions of subchapter J of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987; 52 FR 17529, May 8, 1987; 53 FR 38890, Oct. 3, 1988; 54 FR 8991, Mar. 2, 1989; 59 FR 54353, Oct. 28, 1994; 60 FR 58491, Nov. 27, 1995; 62 FR 19458, Apr. 21, 1997; 64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999; 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000. Redesignated at 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000; 66 FR 16127, Mar. 23, 2001]

            § 773.17
            Permit conditions.
            Each permit issued by the regulatory authority shall be subject to the following conditions:
            (a) The permittee shall conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations only on those lands that are specifically designated as the permit area on the maps submitted with the application and authorized for the term of the permit and that are subject to the performance bond or other equivalent guarantee in effect pursuant to subchapter J of this chapter.
            (b) The permittee shall conduct all surface coal mining and reclamation operations only as described in the approved application, except to the extent that the regulatory authority otherwise directs in the permit.
            (c) The permittee shall comply with the terms and conditions of the permit, all applicable performance standards of the Act, and the requirements of the regulatory program.
            (d) Without advance notice, delay, or a search warrant, upon presentation of appropriate credentials, the permittee shall allow the authorized representatives of the Secretary and the State regulatory authority to—
            (1) Have the right of entry provided for in §§ 842.13 and 840.12 of this chapter; and

            (2) Be accompanied by private persons for the purpose of conducting an inspection in accordance with parts 840 and 842, when the inspection is in response to an alleged violation reported to the regulatory authority by the private person.
            (e) The permittee shall take all possible steps to minimize any adverse impact to the environment or public health and safety resulting from noncompliance with any term or condition or the permit, including, but not limited to—
            (1) Any accelerated or additional monitoring necessary to determine the nature and extent of noncompliance and the results of the noncompliance;
            (2) Immediate implementation of measures necessary to comply; and
            (3) Warning, as soon as possible after learning of such noncompliance, any person whose health and safety is in imminent danger due to the noncompliance.
            (f) As applicable, the permittee shall comply with § 701.11(d) and subchapter B or K of this chapter for compliance, modification, or abandonment of existing structures.
            (g) The operator shall pay all reclamation fees required by subchapter R of this chapter for coal produced under the permit for sale, transfer or use, in the manner required by that subchapter.
            [48 FR 44391, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 49 FR 27499, July 5, 1984; 54 FR 8991, Mar. 2, 1989; 62 FR 19459, Apr. 21, 1997; 65 FR 79663, Dec. 19, 2000; 81 FR 93324, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54937, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 773.19
            Permit issuance and right of renewal.
            (a) Decision. If the application is approved, the permit shall be issued upon submittal of a performance bond in accordance with subchapter J. If the application is disapproved, specific reasons therefore shall be set forth in the notification required by paragraph (b) of this section.
            (b) Notification. The regulatory authority shall issue written notification of the decision to the following persons and entities:
            (1) The applicant, each person who files comments or objections to the permit application, and each party to an informal conference.
            (2) The local governmental officials in the local political subdivision in which the land to be affected is located within 10 days after the issuance of a permit, including a description of the location of the land.
            (3) If the regulatory authority is a State agency, the local OSM office.
            (c) Permit term. Each permit shall be issued for a fixed term of 5 years or less, unless the requirements of § 778.17 of this chapter are met.
            (d) Right of renewal. Permit application approval shall apply to those lands that are specifically designated as the permit area on the maps submitted with the application and for which the application is complete and accurate. Any valid permit issued in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section shall carry with it the right of successive renewal, within the approved boundaries of the existing permit, upon expiration of the term of the permit, in accordance with § 774.15.
            (e) Initiation of operations. (1) A permit shall terminate if the permittee has not begun the surface coal mining and reclamation operation covered by the permit within 3 years of the issuance of the permit.
            (2) The regulatory authority may grant a reasonable extension of time for commencement of these operations, upon receipt of a written statement showing that such an extension of time is necessary, if—
            (i) Litigation precludes the commencement or threatens substantial economic loss to the permittee; or
            (ii) There are conditions beyond the control and without the fault or negligence of the permittee.
            (3) With respect to coal to be mined for use in a synthetic fuel facility or specified major electric generating facility, the permittee shall be deemed to have commenced surface mining operations at the time that the construction of the synthetic fuel or generating facility is initiated.
            (4) Extensions of time granted by the regulatory authority under this paragraph shall be specifically set forth in the permit, and notice of the extension shall be made public by the regulatory authority.

            § 773.21
            Initial review and finding requirements for improvidently issued permits.
            (a) If we, the regulatory authority, have reason to believe that we improvidently issued a permit to you, the permittee, we must review the circumstances under which the permit was issued. We will make a preliminary finding that your permit was improvidently issued if, under the permit eligibility criteria of the applicable regulations implementing section 510(c) of the Act in effect at the time of permit issuance, your permit should not have been issued because you or your operator owned or controlled a surface coal mining and reclamation operation with an unabated or uncorrected violation.
            (b) We will make a finding under paragraph (a) of this section only if you or your operator—
            (1) Continue to own or control the operation with the unabated or uncorrected violation;
            (2) The violation remains unabated or uncorrected; and
            (3) The violation would cause you to be ineligible under the permit eligibility criteria in our current regulations.

            (c) When we make a preliminary finding under paragraph (a) of this section, we must serve you with a written notice of the preliminary finding, which must be based on evidence sufficient to establish a prima facie case that your permit was improvidently issued.
            (d) Within 30 days of receiving a notice under paragraph (c) of this section, you may challenge the preliminary finding by providing us with evidence as to why the permit was not improvidently issued under the criteria in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
            (e) The provisions of §§ 773.25 through 773.27 of this part apply when a challenge under paragraph (d) of this section concerns a preliminary finding under paragraphs (a) and (b)(1) of this section that you or your operator currently own or control, or owned or controlled, a surface coal mining operation.
            [65 FR 79665, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.22
            Notice requirements for improvidently issued permits.
            (a) We, the regulatory authority, must serve you, the permittee, with a written notice of proposed suspension or rescission, together with a statement of the reasons for the proposed suspension or rescission, if—
            (1) After considering any evidence submitted under § 773.21(d) of this part, we find that a permit was improvidently issued under the criteria in § 773.21 paragraphs (a) and (b) of § 773.21 of this part; or
            (2) Your permit was provisionally issued under § 773.14(b) of this part and one or more of the conditions in §§ 773.14(c)(1) through (4) exists.
            (b) If we propose to suspend your permit, we will provide 60 days notice.
            (c) If we propose to rescind your permit, we will provide 120 days notice.
            (d) If you wish to appeal the notice, you must exhaust administrative remedies under the procedures at 43 CFR 4.1370 through 4.1377 (when OSM is the regulatory authority) or under the State regulatory program equivalent (when a State is the regulatory authority).
            (e) After we serve you with a notice of proposed suspension or rescission under this section, we will take action under § 773.23 of this part.
            (f) The regulations for service at § 843.14 of this chapter, or the State regulatory program equivalent, will govern service under this section.
            (g) The times specified in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section will apply unless you obtain temporary relief under the procedures at 43 CFR 4.1376 or the State regulatory program equivalent.
            [65 FR 79665, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 773.23
            Suspension or rescission requirements for improvidently issued permits.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, we, the regulatory authority, must suspend or rescind your permit upon expiration of the time specified in § 773.22(b) or (c) of this part unless you submit evidence and we find that—

            (1) The violation has been abated or corrected to the satisfaction of the agency with jurisdiction over the violation;
            (2) You or your operator no longer own or control the relevant operation;
            (3) Our finding for suspension or rescission was in error;
            (4) The violation is the subject of a good faith administrative or judicial appeal (unless there is an initial judicial decision affirming the violation, and that decision remains in force);
            (5) The violation is the subject of an abatement plan or payment schedule that is being met to the satisfaction of the agency with jurisdiction over the violation; or
            (6) You are pursuing a good faith challenge or administrative or judicial appeal of the relevant ownership or control listing or finding (unless there is an initial judicial decision affirming the listing or finding, and that decision remains in force).
            (b) If you have requested administrative review of a notice of proposed suspension or rescission under § 773.22(e) of this part, we will not suspend or rescind your permit unless and until the Office of Hearings and Appeals or its State counterpart affirms our finding that your permit was improvidently issued.
            (c) When we suspend or rescind your permit under this section, we must—
            (1) Issue you a written notice requiring you to cease all surface coal mining operations under the permit; and
            (2) Post the notice at our office closest to the permit area.
            (d) If we suspend or rescind your permit under this section, you may request administrative review of the notice under the procedures at 43 CFR 4.1370 through 4.1377 (when OSM is the regulatory authority) or under the State regulatory program equivalent (when a State is the regulatory authority). Alternatively, you may seek judicial review of the notice.
            [65 FR 79665, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.25
            Who may challenge ownership or control listings and findings.
            You may challenge a listing or finding of ownership or control using the provisions under §§ 773.26 and 773.27 of this part if you are—
            (a) Listed in a permit application or AVS as an owner or controller of an entire surface coal mining operation, or any portion or aspect thereof:
            (b) Found to be an owner or controller of an entire surface coal mining operation, or any portion or aspect thereof, under §§ 773.21 or 774.11(g) of this subchapter; or
            (c) An applicant or permittee affected by an ownership or control listing or finding.
            [65 FR 79666, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.26
            How to challenge an ownership or control listing or finding.
            This section applies to you if you challenge an ownership or control listing or finding.
            (a) To challenge an ownership or control listing or finding, you must submit a written explanation of the basis for the challenge, along with any evidence or explanatory materials you wish to provide under § 773.27(b) of this part, to the regulatory authority, as identified in the following table.

                If the challenge concerns . . .
                Then you must submit a written explanation to . . .

                (1) a pending State or Federal permit application
                the regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the application.

                (2) your ownership or control of a surface coal mining operation, and you are not currently seeking a permit
                the regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the surface coal mining operation.

            (b) The provisions of this section and of §§ 773.27 and 773.28 of this part apply only to challenges to ownership or control listings or findings. You may not use these provisions to challenge your liability or responsibility under any other provision of the Act or its implementing regulations.

            (c) When the challenge concerns a violation under the jurisdiction of a different regulatory authority, the regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the permit application or permit must consult the regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the violation and the AVS Office to obtain additional information.
            (d) A regulatory authority responsible for deciding a challenge under paragraph (a) of this section may request an investigation by the AVS Office.
            (e) At any time, you, a person listed in AVS as an owner or controller of a surface coal mining operation, may request an informal explanation from the AVS Office as to the reason you are shown in AVS in an ownership or control capacity. Within 14 days of your request, the AVS Office will provide a response describing why you are listed in AVS.
            [65 FR 796676, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68029, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.27
            Burden of proof for ownership or control challenges.
            This section applies to you if you challenge an ownership or control listing or finding.
            (a) When you challenge a listing of ownership or control, or a finding of ownership or control made under § 774.11(g) of this subchapter, you must prove by a preponderance of the evidence that you either—
            (1) Do not own or control the entire surface coal mining operation or relevant portion or aspect thereof; or
            (2) Did not own or control the entire surface coal mining operation or relevant portion or aspect thereof during the relevant time period.
            (b) In meeting your burden of proof, you must present reliable, credible, and substantial evidence and any explanatory materials to the regulatory authority. The materials presented in connection with your challenge will become part of the permit file, an investigation file, or another public file. If you request, we will hold as confidential any information you submit under this paragraph which is not required to be made available to the public under § 842.16 of this chapter (when OSM is the regulatory authority) or under § 840.14 of this chapter (when a State is the regulatory authority).
            (c) Materials you may submit in response to the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section include, but are not limited to—
            (1) Notarized affidavits containing specific facts concerning the duties that you performed for the relevant operation, the beginning and ending dates of your ownership or control of the operation, and the nature and details of any transaction creating or severing your ownership or control of the operation.
            (2) Certified copies of corporate minutes, stock ledgers, contracts, purchase and sale agreements, leases, correspondence, or other relevant company records.
            (3) Certified copies of documents filed with or issued by any State, municipal, or Federal governmental agency.
            (4) An opinion of counsel, when supported by—
            (i) Evidentiary materials;
            (ii) A statement by counsel that he or she is qualified to render the opinion; and
            (iii) A statement that counsel has personally and diligently investigated the facts of the matter.
            [65 FR 79666, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68030, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 773.28
            Written agency decision on challenges to ownership or control listings or findings.
            (a) Within 60 days of receipt of your challenge under § 773.26(a) of this part, we, the regulatory authority identified under § 773.26(a) of this part, will review and investigate the evidence and explanatory materials you submit and any other reasonably available information bearing on your challenge and issue a written decision. Our decision must state whether you own or control the relevant surface coal mining operation, or owned or controlled the operation, during the relevant time period.
            (b) We will promptly provide you with a copy of our decision by either—
            (1) Certified mail, return receipt requested; or
            (2) Any means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons and complaint under Rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, or its State regulatory program counterparts.

            (c) Service of the decision on you is complete upon delivery and is not incomplete if you refuse to accept delivery.

            (d) We will post all decisions made under this section on AVS.
            (e) Any person who receives a written decision under this section, and who wishes to appeal that decision, must exhaust administrative remedies under the procedures at 43 CFR 4.1380 through 4.1387 or, when a State is the regulatory authority, the State regulatory program counterparts, before seeking judicial review.
            (f) Following our written decision or any decision by a reviewing administrative or judicial tribunal, we must review the information in AVS to determine if it is consistent with the decision. If it is not, we must promptly revise the information in AVS to reflect the decision.
            [65 FR 79666, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68030, Dec. 3, 2007]

          Pt. 774
          PART 774—REVISION; RENEWAL; TRANSFER, ASSIGNMENT, OR SALE OF PERMIT RIGHTS; POST-PERMIT ISSUANCE REQUIREMENTS; AND OTHER ACTIONS BASED ON OWNERSHIP, CONTROL, AND VIOLATION INFORMATION

            Sec.
            774.1
            Scope and purpose.
            774.9
            Information collection.
            774.10
            Regulatory authority review of permits.
            774.11
            Post-permit issuance requirements for regulatory authorities and other actions based on ownership, control, and violation information.
            774.12
            Post-permit issuance information requirements for permittees.
            774.13
            Permit revisions.
            774.15
            Permit renewals.
            774.17
            Transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 44395, Sept. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54944, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 774 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93325-93326, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 774.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part provides requirements for revision; renewal; transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights; entering and updating information in AVS following the issuance of a permit; post-permit issuance requirements for regulatory authorities and permittees; and other actions based on ownership, control, and violation information.
            [65 FR 79667, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 774.9
            Information collection.

            (a) The collections of information contained in part 774 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0116. Regulatory authorities will use this information to:
            (1) Determine if the applicant meets the requirements for revision; renewal; transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights;
            (2) Enter and update information in AVS following the issuance of a permit; and
            (3) Fulfill post-permit issuance requirements and other obligations based on ownership, control, and violation information.
            (b) A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Response is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. Send comments regarding burden estimates or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, Room 202-SIB, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC 20240.
            [72 FR 68030, Dec. 3, 2007, as amended at 81 FR 93325, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54944, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 774.10
            Regulatory authority review of permits.

            (a) The regulatory authority shall review each permit issued and outstanding under an approved regulatory program during the term of the permit. This review shall occur not later than the middle of each permit term and as follows:
            (1) Permits with a term longer than 5 years shall be reviewed no less frequently than the permit midterm or every 5 years, whichever is more frequent.
            (2) Permits with variances granted in accordance with § 785.14 of this chapter (mountaintop removal) and § 785.18 of this chapter (variance for delay in contemporaneous reclamation requirement in combined surface and underground mining operations) of this chapter shall be reviewed no later than 3 years from the date of issuance of the permit unless, for variances issued in accordance with § 785.14 of this chapter, the permittee affirmatively demonstrates that the proposed development is proceeding in accordance with the terms of the permit.
            (3) Permits containing experimental practices issued in accordance with § 785.13 of this chapter and permits with a variance from approximate original contour requirements in accordance with § 785.16 shall be reviewed as set forth in the permit or at least every 21/2 years from the date of issuance as required by the regulatory authority, in accordance with §§ 785.13(g) and 785.16(c) of this chapter, respectively.
            (b) After the review required by paragraph (a) of this section, or at any time, the regulatory authority may, by order, require reasonable revision of a permit in accordance with § 774.13 to ensure compliance with the Act and the regulatory program.
            (c) Any order of the regulatory authority requiring revision of a permit shall be based upon written findings and shall be subject to the provisions for administrative and judicial review in part 775 of this chapter. Copies of the order shall be sent to the permittee.
            (d) Permits may be suspended or revoked in accordance with subchapter L of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44398, Sept. 28, 1983. Redesignated at 65 FR 79667, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 81 FR 93325, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54944, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 774.11
            Post-permit issuance requirements for regulatory authorities and other actions based on ownership, control, and violation information.
            (a) For the purposes of future permit eligibility determinations and enforcement actions, we, the regulatory authority, must enter into AVS the data shown in the following table—

                We must enter into AVS all . . .
                Within 30 days after . . .

                (1) permit records
                the permit is issued or subsequent changes made.

                (2) unabated or uncorrected violations
                the abatement or correction period for a violation expires.

                (3) changes to information initially required to be provided by an applicant under 30 CFR 778.11
                receiving notice of a change.

                (4) changes in violation status
                abatement, correction, or termination of a violation, or a decision from an administrative or judicial tribunal.

            (b) If, at any time, we discover that any person owns or controls an operation with an unabated or uncorrected violation, we will determine whether enforcement action is appropriate under part 843, 846 or 847 of this chapter. We must enter the results of each enforcement action, including administrative and judicial decisions, into AVS.
            (c) We must serve a preliminary finding of permanent permit ineligibility under section 510(c) of the Act on you, an applicant or operator, if the criteria in paragraphs (c)(1) and (c)(2) are met. In making a finding under this paragraph, we will only consider control relationships and violations which would make, or would have made, you ineligible for a permit under §§ 773.12(a) and (b) of this subchapter. We must make a preliminary finding of permanent permit ineligibility if we find that—
            (1) You control or have controlled surface coal mining and reclamation operations with a demonstrated pattern of willful violations under section 510(c) of the Act; and

            (2) The violations are of such nature and duration with such resulting irreparable damage to the environment as to indicate your intent not to comply with the Act, its implementing regulations, the regulatory program, or your permit.
            (d) You may request a hearing on a preliminary finding of permanent permit ineligibility under 43 CFR 4.1350 through 4.1356.
            (e) Entry into AVS.
            (1) If you do not request a hearing, and the time for seeking a hearing has expired, we will enter our finding into AVS.
            (2) If you request a hearing, we will enter our finding into AVS only if that finding is upheld on administrative appeal.
            (f) At any time, we may identify any person who owns or controls an entire surface coal mining operation or any relevant portion or aspect thereof. If we identify such a person, we must issue a written preliminary finding to the person and the applicant or permittee describing the nature and extent of ownership or control. Our written preliminary finding must be based on evidence sufficient to establish a prima facie case of ownership or control.
            (g) After we issue a written preliminary finding under paragraph (f) of this section, we will allow you, the person subject to the preliminary finding, 30 days in which to submit any information tending to demonstrate your lack of ownership or control. If, after reviewing any information you submit, we are persuaded that you are not an owner or controller, we will serve you a written notice to that effect. If, after reviewing any information you submit, we still find that you are an owner or controller, or if you do not submit any information within the 30-day period, we will issue a written finding and enter our finding into AVS.
            (h) If we identify you as an owner or controller under paragraph (g) of this section, you may challenge the finding using the provisions of §§ 773.25, 773.26, and 773.27 of this subchapter.
            [65 FR 79667, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68030, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 774.12
            Post-permit issuance information requirements for permittees.
            (a) Within 30 days after the issuance of a cessation order under § 843.11 of this chapter, or its State regulatory program equivalent, you, the permittee, must provide or update all the information required under § 778.11 of this subchapter.
            (b) You do not have to submit information under paragraph (a) of this section if a court of competent jurisdiction grants a stay of the cessation order and the stay remains in effect.
            (c) Within 60 days of any addition, departure, or change in position of any person identified in § 778.11(c) of this subchapter, you must provide—
            (1) The information required under § 778.11(d) of this subchapter; and
            (2) The date of any departure.
            [65 FR 79667, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68030, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 774.13
            Permit revisions.
            (a) General. During the term of a permit, the permittee may submit an application to the regulatory authority for a revision of the permit.
            (b) Application requirements and procedures. the regulatory authority shall establish—
            (1) A time period within which the regulatory authority will approve or disapprove an application for a permit revision; and
            (2) Guidelines establishing the scale or extent of revisions for which all the permit application information requirements and procedures of this subchapter, including notice, public participation, and notice of decision requirements of §§ 773.6, 773.19(b) (1) and (3), and 778.21, shall apply. Such requirements and procedures shall apply at a minimum to all significant permit revisions.
            (c) Criteria for approval. No application for a permit revision shall be approved unless the application demonstrates and the regulatory authority finds that reclamation as required by the Act and the regulatory program can be accomplished, applicable requirements under § 773.15 which are pertinent to the revision are met, and the application for a revision complies with all requirements of the Act and the regulatory program.
            (d) Request to change permit boundary. Any extensions to the area covered by the permit, except incidental boundary revisions, shall be made by application for a new permit.
            [48 FR 44395, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79668, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 774.15
            Permit renewals.
            (a) General. A valid permit, issued pursuant to an approved regulatory program, shall carry with it the right of successive renewal, within the approved boundaries of the existing permit, upon expiration of the term of the permit.
            (b) Application requirements and procedures. (1) An application for renewal of a permit shall be filed with the regulatory authority at least 120 days before expiration of the existing permit term.
            (2) An application for renewal of a permit shall be in the form required by the regulatory authority and shall include at a minimum—
            (i) The name and address of the permittee, the term of the renewal requested, and the permit number or other identifier;
            (ii) Evidence that a liability insurance policy or adequate self-insurance under § 800.60 of this chapter will be provided by the applicant for the proposed period of renewal;
            (iii) Evidence that the performance bond in effect for the operation will continue in full force and effect for any renewal requested, as well as any additional bond required by the regulatory authorities pursuant to subchapter J of this chapter;
            (iv) A copy of the proposed newspaper notice and proof of publication of same, as required by § 778.21 of this chapter; and
            (v) Additional revised or updated information required by the regulatory authority.
            (3) Applications for renewal shall be subject to the requirements of public notification and public participation contained in §§ 773.6 and 773.19(b) of this chapter.
            (4) If an application for renewal includes any proposed revisions to the permit, such revisions shall be identified and subject to the requirements of § 774.13.
            (c) Approval process—(1) Criteria for approval. The regulatory authority shall approve a complete and accurate application for permit renewal, unless it finds, in writing that—
            (i) The terms and conditions of the existing permit are not being satisfactorily met;
            (ii) The present surface coal mining and reclamation operations are not in compliance with the environmental protection standards of the Act and the regulatory program;
            (iii) The requested renewal substantially jeopardizes the operator's continuing ability to comply with the Act and the regulatory program on existing permit areas;
            (iv) The operator has not provided evidence of having liability insurance or self-insurance as required in § 800.60 of this chapter;
            (v) The operator has not provided evidence that any performance bond required to be in effect for the operation will continue in full force and effect for the proposed period of renewal, as well as any additional bond the regulatory authority might require pursuant to subchapter J of this chapter; or
            (vi) Additional revised or updated information required by the regulatory authority has not been provided by the applicant.
            (2) Burden of proof. In the determination of whether to approve or deny a renewal of a permit, the burden of proof shall be on the opponents of renewal.
            (3) Alluvial valley floor variance. If the surface coal mining and reclamation operation authorized by the original permit was not subject to the standards contained in sections 510(b)(5) (A) and (B) of the Act and § 785.19 of this chapter, because the permittee complied with the exceptions in the proviso to section 510(b)(5) of the Act, the portion of the application for renewal of the permit that addresses new land areas previously identified in the reclamation plan for the original permit shall not be subject to the standards contained in sections 510(b)(5) (A) and (B) of the Act and § 785.19 of this chapter.
            (d) Renewal term. Any permit renewal shall be for a term not to exceed the period of the original permit established under § 773.19.

            (e) Notice of decision. The regulatory authority shall send copies of its decision to the applicant, to each person who filed comments or objections on the renewal, to each party to any informal conference held on the permit renewal, and to OSM if OSM is not the regulatory authority.
            (f) Administrative and judicial review. Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by the decision of the regulatory authority shall have the right to administrative and judicial review set forth in part 775 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44395, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 79668, Dec. 19, 2000; 81 FR 93326, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54944, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 774.17
            Transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights.
            (a) General. No transfer, assignment, or sale of rights granted by a permit shall be made without the prior written approval of the regulatory authority. At its discretion, the regulatory authority may allow a prospective successor in interest to engage in surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the permit during the pendency of an application for approval of a transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights submitted under paragraph (b) of this section, provided that the prospective successor in interest can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the regulatory authority that sufficient bond coverage will remain in place.
            (b) Application requirements. An applicant for approval of the transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights shall—
            (1) Provide the regulatory authority with an application for approval of the proposed transfer, assignment, or sale including—
            (i) The name and address of the existing permittee and permit number or other identifier;
            (ii) A brief description of the proposed action requiring approval; and
            (iii) The legal, financial, compliance, and related information required by part 778 of this chapter for the applicant for approval of the transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights.
            (2) Advertise the filing of the application in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality of the operations involved, indicating the name and address of the applicant, the permittee, the permit number or other identifier, the geographic location of the permit, and the address to which written comments may be sent;
            (3) Obtain appropriate performance bond coverage in an amount sufficient to cover the proposed operations, as required under subchapter J of this chapter.
            (c) Public participation. Any person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by a decision on the transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights, including an official of any Federal, State, or local government agency, may submit written comments on the application to the regulatory authority within a time specified by the regulatory authority.
            (d) Criteria for approval. The regulatory authority may allow a permittee to transfer, assign, or sell permit rights to a successor, if it finds in writing that the successor—
            (1) Is eligible to receive a permit in accordance with §§ 773.12 and 773.14 of this chapter;
            (2) Has submitted a performance bond or other guarantee, or obtained the bond coverage of the original permittee, as required by subchapter J of this chapter; and
            (3) Meets any other requirements specified by the regulatory authority.
            (e) Notification. (1) The regulatory authority shall notify the permittee, the successor, commenters, and OSM, if OSM is not the regulatory authority, of its findings.
            (2) The successor shall immediately provide notice to the regulatory authority of the consummation of the transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights.
            (f) Continued operation under existing permit. The successor in interest shall assume the liability and reclamation responsibilities of the existing permit and shall conduct the surface coal mining and reclamation operations in full compliance with the Act, the regulatory program, and the terms and conditions of the existing permit, unless the applicant has obtained a new or revised permit as provided in this subchapter.
            [48 FR 44395, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79668, Dec. 19, 2000; 72 FR 68030, Dec. 3, 2007]

          Pt. 775
          PART 775—ADMINISTRATIVE AND JUDICIAL REVIEW OF DECISIONS

            Sec.
            775.1
            Scope and purpose.
            775.11
            Administrative review.
            775.13
            Judicial review.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 44397, Sept. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 775.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part provides requirements for administrative and judicial review of decisions on permits.

            § 775.11
            Administrative review.
            (a) General. Within 30 days after an applicant or permittee is notified of the decision of the regulatory authority concerning an application for approval of exploration required under part 772 of this chapter, a permit for surface coal mining and reclamation operations, a permit revision, a permit renewal, or a transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights, the applicant, permittee, or any person with an interest which is or may be adversely affected may request a hearing on the reasons for the decision, in accordance with this section.
            (b) Administrative hearings under State programs. (1) The regulatory authority shall start the administrative hearing within 30 days of such request. The hearing shall be on the record and adjudicatory in nature. No person who presided at an informal conference under § 773.6(c) shall either preside at the hearing or participate in the decision following the hearing or administrative appeal.
            (2) The regulatory authority may, under such conditions as it prescribes, grant such temporary relief as it deems appropriate, pending final determination of the proceeding, if—
            (i) All parties to the proceeding have been notified and given an opportunity to be heard on a request for temporary relief;
            (ii) The person requesting that relief shows that there is a substantial likelihood that he or she will prevail on the merits of the final determination of the proceeding;
            (iii) The relief sought will not adversely affect the public health or safety, or cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources; and
            (iv) The relief sought is not the issuance of a permit where a permit has been denied, in whole or in part, by the regulatory authority except that continuation under an existing permit may be allowed where the operation has a valid permit issued under section 510 of the Act.
            (3) The hearing shall be conducted under the following conditions:
            (i) The hearing authority may administer oaths and affirmations, subpoena witnesses and written or printed materials, compel attendance of witnesses or production of those materials, compel discovery, and take evidence, including, but not limited to, site inspections of the land to be affected and other surface coal mining and reclamation operations carried on by the applicant in the general vicinity of the proposed operations.
            (ii) A verbatim record of each public hearing required by this section shall be made, and a transcript made available on the motion of any party or by order of the hearing authority.
            (iii) Ex parte contacts between representatives of the parties appearing before the hearing authority and the hearing authority shall be prohibited.
            (4) Within 30 days after the close of the record, the hearing authority shall issue and furnish the applicant and each person who participated in the hearing with the written findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order of the hearing authority with respect to the appeal of the decision.
            (5) The burden of proof at such hearings shall be on the party seeking to reverse the decision of the regulatory authority.
            (c) Administrative hearings under Federal programs and Federal lands programs. All hearings, under a Federal program for a State or a Federal lands program except as may be modified by a cooperative agreement pursuant to part 745 of this chapter, on an application for approval of exploration, a permit for surface coal mining and reclamation operations, permit revision, a permit renewal, or a transfer, assignment, or sale of permit rights shall be of record and governed by 5 U.S.C. 554 and 43 CFR part 4.
            [48 FR 44397, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79668, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 775.13
            Judicial review.
            (a) General. Any applicant or any person with an interest which is or may be adversely affected and who has participated in the administrative hearings as an objector may appeal as provided in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section if—
            (1) The applicant or person is aggrieved by the decision of the hearing authority in the administrative hearing conducted pursuant to § 775.11 of this chapter; or
            (2) Either the regulatory authority or the hearing authority for administrative review under § 775.11 of this chapter fails to act within applicable time limits specified in the Act, this chapter, or the regulatory program.
            (b) Judicial review under State programs. The action of the hearing authority identified in paragraph (a) of this section shall be subject to judicial review by a court of competent jurisdiction, as provided for in the State program, but the availability of such review shall not be construed to limit the operation of the rights established in section 520 of the Act.
            (c) Judicial review under Federal programs and Federal lands programs. The action of the hearing authority identified in paragraph (a) of this section is subject to judicial review by the U.S. District Court for the district where the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation is or would be located, except for judicial review of State regulatory authority actions in a State court of competent jurisdiction as may be provided for in a cooperative agreement, in the time and manner provided for in section 526 (a)(2), (b) and (e) of the Act. The availability of such review shall not be construed to limit the operation of the rights established in section 520 of the Act.

          Pt. 777
          PART 777—GENERAL CONTENT REQUIREMENTS FOR PERMIT APPLICATIONS

            Sec.
            777.1
            Scope.
            777.10
            Information collection.
            777.11
            Format and contents.
            777.13
            Reporting of technical data.
            777.14
            Maps and plans: General requirements.
            777.15
            Completeness.
            777.17
            Permit fees.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 44398, Sept. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54947, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 777 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93326-93327, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 777.1
            Scope.
            This part provides minimum requirements concerning the general content for permit applications under a State or Federal program.
            [48 FR 44398, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93326, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54947, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 777.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in part 777 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0032. The information is being collected to meet the requirements of sections 507, 508, and 510(b) of the Act. It provides general requirements for permit application format and contents. The obligation to respond is mandatory.

            § 777.11
            Format and contents.
            (a) An application shall—
            (1) Contain current information, as required by this subchapter;
            (2) Be clear and concise; and

            (3) Be filed in the format required by the regulatory authority.

            (b) If used in the application, referenced materials shall either be provided to the regulatory authority by the applicant or be readily available to the regulatory authority. If provided, relevant portions of referenced published materials shall be presented briefly and concisely in the application by photocopying or abstracting and with explicit citations.
            (c) Applications for permits; revisions; renewals; or transfers, sales or assignments of permit rights shall be verified under oath, by a responsible official of the applicant, that the information contained in the application is true and correct to the best of the official's information and belief.
            [48 FR 44389, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54947, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 777.13
            Reporting of technical data.
            (a) All technical data submitted in the application shall be accompanied by the names of persons or organizations that collected and analyzed the data, dates of the collection and analysis of the data, and descriptions of the methodology used to collect and analyze the data.
            (b) Technical analyses shall be planned by or under the direction of a professional qualified in the subject to be analyzed.
            [48 FR 44398, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54947, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 777.14
            Maps and plans: General requirements.
            (a) Maps submitted with applications shall be presented in a consolidated format, to the extent possible, and shall include all the types of information that are set forth on topographic maps of the U.S. Geological Survey of the 1:24,000 scale series. Maps of the permit area shall be at a scale of 1:6,000 or larger. Maps of the adjacent area shall clearly show the lands and waters within those areas and be in a scale determined by the regulatory authority, but in no event smaller than 1:24,000.
            (b) All maps and plans submitted with the application shall distinguish among each of the phases during which surface coal mining operations were or will be conducted at any place within the life of operations. At a minimum, distinctions shall be clearly shown among those portions of the life of operations in which surface coal mining operations occurred—
            (1) Prior to August 3, 1977;
            (2) After August 3, 1977, and prior to either—
            (i) May 3, 1978; or
            (ii) In the case of an applicant or operator which obtained a small operator's exemption in accordance with § 710.12 of this chapter, January 1, 1979;
            (3) After May 3, 1978 (or January 1, 1979, for persons who received a small operator's exemption) and prior to the approval of the applicable regulatory program;
            (4) After the estimated date of issuance of a permit by the regulatory authority under the approved regulatory program.
            [48 FR 44398, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54947, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 777.15
            Completeness.
            An application for a permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall be complete and shall include at a minimum—
            (a) For surface mining activities, the information required under parts 778, 779, and 780 of this chapter, and, as applicable to the operation, part 785 of this chapter; and
            (b) For underground mining activities, the information required under parts 778, 783, and 784 of this chapter, and, as applicable to the operation, part 785 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44398, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54947, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 777.17
            Permit fees.
            An application for a surface coal mining and reclamation permit shall be accompanied by a fee determined by the regulatory authority. The fee may be less than, but shall not exceed, the actual or anticipated cost of reviewing, administering, and enforcing the permit. The regulatory authority may develop procedures to allow the fee to be paid over the term of the permit.

          Pt. 778
          PART 778—PERMIT APPLICATIONS—MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR LEGAL, FINANCIAL, COMPLIANCE, AND RELATED INFORMATION

            Sec.
            778.1
            Scope and purpose.
            778.8
            Information collection.
            778.9
            Certifying and updating existing permit application information.
            778.11
            Providing applicant and operator information.
            778.12
            Providing permit history information.
            778.13
            Providing property interest information.
            778.14
            Providing violation information.
            778.15
            Right-of-entry information.
            778.16
            Status of unsuitability claims.
            778.17
            Permit term.
            778.18
            Insurance.
            778.21
            Proof of publication
            778.22
            Facilities or structures used in common.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 44399, Sept. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 778.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part establishes the minimum requirements for the permit applications for surface coal mining and reclamation operations under a State or Federal program. This part covers minimum legal, financial, and compliance requirements and general information that must be contained in permit applications. This part applies to any person who submits an application to a regulatory authority for a permit to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

            § 778.8
            Information collection.

            The collections of information contained in part 778 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0117. The information collected will be used by the regulatory authority to ensure that all legal, financial, and compliance information requirements are satisfied before issuance of a permit. Persons intending to conduct surface coal mining operations must respond to obtain a benefit. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and a person is not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number. Response is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. Send comments regarding burden estimates or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, Room 202-SIB, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20240.
            [72 FR 68031, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 778.9
            Certifying and updating existing permit application information.
            In this section, “you” means the applicant and “we” or “us” means the regulatory authority.
            (a) If you have previously applied for a permit and the required information is already in AVS, then you may update the information as shown in the following table.

                If . . .
                then you . . .

                (1) All or part of the information already in AVS is accurate and complete
                may certify to us by swearing or affirming, under oath and in writing, that the relevant information in AVS is accurate, complete, and up to date.

                (2) Part of the information in AVS is missing or incorrect
                must submit to us the necessary information or corrections and swear or affirm, under oath and in writing, that the information you submit is accurate and complete.

                (3) You can neither certify that the data in AVS is accurate and complete nor make needed corrections
                must include in your permit application the information required under this part.

            (b) You must swear or affirm, under oath and in writing, that all information you provide in an application is accurate and complete.

            (c) We may establish a central file to house your identity information, rather than place duplicate information in each of your permit application files. We will make the information available to the public upon request.
            (d) After we approve an application, but before we issue a permit, you must update, correct, or indicate that no change has occurred in the information previously submitted under this section and §§ 778.11 through 778.14 of this part.
            [65 FR 79668, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 778.11
            Providing applicant and operator information.
            (a) You, the applicant, must provide in the permit application—
            (1) A statement indicating whether you and your operator are corporations, partnerships, associations, sole proprietorships, or other business entities;
            (2) Taxpayer identification numbers for you and your operator.
            (b) You must provide the name, address, and telephone number for—
            (1) The applicant.
            (2) Your resident agent who will accept service of process.
            (3) Any operator, if different from the applicant.
            (4) Each business entity in the applicant's and operator's organizational structure, up to and including the ultimate parent entity of the applicant and operator; for every such business entity, you must also provide the required information for every president, chief executive officer, and director (or persons in similar positions), and every person who owns, of record, 10 percent or more of the entity.
            (c) For you and your operator, you must provide the information required by paragraph (d) of this section for every—
            (1) Officer.
            (2) Partner.
            (3) Member.
            (4) Director.
            (5) Person performing a function similar to a director.
            (6) Person who owns, of record, 10 percent or more of the applicant or operator.
            (d) You must provide the following information for each person listed in paragraph (c) of this section—
            (1) The person's name, address, and telephone number.
            (2) The person's position title and relationship to you, including percentage of ownership and location in the organizational structure.
            (3) The date the person began functioning in that position.
            (e) We need not make a finding as provided for under § 774.11(g) of this subchapter before entering into AVS the information required to be disclosed under this section; however, the mere listing in AVS of a person identified in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section does not create a presumption or constitute a determination that such person owns or controls a surface coal mining operation.
            [65 FR 79668, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68031, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 778.12
            Providing permit history information.
            (a) You, the applicant, must provide a list of all names under which you, your operator, your partners or principal shareholders, and your operator's partners or principal shareholders operate or previously operated a surface coal mining operation in the United States within the five-year period preceding the date of submission of the application.
            (b) For you and your operator, you must provide a list of any pending permit applications for surface coal mining operations filed in the United States. The list must identify each application by its application number and jurisdiction, or by other identifying information when necessary.
            (c) For any surface coal mining operations that you or your operator owned or controlled within the five-year period preceding the date of submission of the application, and for any surface coal mining operation you or your operator own or control on that date, you must provide the—
            (1) Permittee's and operator's name and address;
            (2) Permittee's and operator's taxpayer identification numbers;
            (3) Federal or State permit number and corresponding MSHA number;
            (4) Regulatory authority with jurisdiction over the permit; and

            (5) Permittee's and operator's relationship to the operation, including percentage of ownership and location in the organizational structure.
            [65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 778.13
            Providing property interest information.
            You, the applicant, must provide in the permit application all of the following information for the property to be mined—
            (a) The name and address of—
            (1) Each legal or equitable owner(s) of record of the surface and mineral.
            (2) The holder(s) of record of any leasehold interest.
            (3) Any purchaser(s) of record under a real estate contract.
            (b) The name and address of each owner of record of all property (surface and subsurface) contiguous to any part of the proposed permit area.
            (c) A statement of all interests, options, or pending bids you hold or have made for lands contiguous to the proposed permit area. If you request in writing, we will hold as confidential, under § 773.6(d)(3)(ii) of this chapter, any information you are required to submit under this paragraph which is not on public file under State law.
            (d) The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) numbers for all structures that require MSHA approval.
            [65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 778.14
            Providing violation information.
            (a) You, the applicant, must state, in your permit application, whether you, your operator, or any subsidiary, affiliate, or entity which you or your operator own or control or which is under common control with you or your operator, has—
            (1) Had a Federal or State permit for surface coal mining operations suspended or revoked during the five-year period preceding the date of submission of the application; or
            (2) Forfeited a performance bond or similar security deposited in lieu of bond in connection with surface coal mining and reclamation operations during the five-year period preceding the date of submission of the application.
            (b) For each suspension, revocation, or forfeiture identified under paragraph (a), you must provide a brief explanation of the facts involved, including the—
            (1) Permit number.
            (2) Date of suspension, revocation, or forfeiture, and, when applicable, the amount of bond or similar security forfeited.
            (3) Regulatory authority that suspended or revoked the permit or forfeited the bond and the stated reasons for the action.
            (4) Current status of the permit, bond, or similar security involved.
            (5) Date, location, type, and current status of any administrative or judicial proceedings concerning the suspension, revocation, or forfeiture.
            (c) A list of all violation notices you or your operator received for any surface coal mining and reclamation operation during the three-year period preceding the date of submission of the application. In addition you must submit a list of all unabated or uncorrected violation notices incurred in connection with any surface coal mining and reclamation operation that you or your operator own or control on that date. For each violation notice reported, you must include the following information, when applicable—
            (1) The permit number and associated MSHA number.
            (2) The issue date, identification number, and current status of the violation notice.
            (3) The name of the person to whom the violation notice was issued,
            (4) The name of the regulatory authority or agency that issued the violation notice.
            (5) A brief description of the violation alleged in the notice.
            (6) The date, location, type, and current status of any administrative or judicial proceedings concerning the violation notice.

            (7) If the abatement period for a violation in a notice of violation issued under § 843.12 of this chapter, or its State regulatory program equivalent, has not expired, certification that the violation is being abated or corrected to the satisfaction of the agency with jurisdiction over the violation.

            (8) For all violations not covered by paragraph (c)(7) of this section, the actions taken to abate or correct the violation.
            [65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 778.15
            Right-of-entry information.
            (a) An application shall contain a description of the documents upon which the applicant bases his legal right to enter and begin surface coal mining and reclamation operations in the permit area and shall state whether that right is the subject of pending litigation. The description shall identify the documents by type and date of execution, identify the specific lands to which the document pertains, and explain the legal rights claimed by the applicant.
            (b) Where the private mineral estate to be mined has been severed from the private surface estate, an applicant shall also submit—
            (1) A copy of the written consent of the surface owner for the extraction of coal by surface mining methods;
            (2) A copy of the conveyance that expressly grants or reserves the right to extract coal by surface mining methods; or
            (3) If the conveyance does not expressly grant the right to extract the coal by surface mining methods, documentation that under applicable State law, the applicant has the legal authority to extract the coal by those methods.
            (c) Nothing in this section shall be construed to provide the regulatory authority with the authority to adjudicate property rights disputes.

            § 778.16
            Status of unsuitability claims.
            (a) An application shall contain available information as to whether the proposed permit area is within an area designated as unsuitable for surface coal mining and reclamation operations or is within an area under study for designation in an administrative proceeding under parts 762, 764, and 769 of this chapter.
            (b) An application in which the applicant claims the exemption described in § 762.13(c) of this chapter shall contain information supporting the assertion that the applicant made substantial legal and financial commitments before January 4, 1977, concerning the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (c) An application that proposes to conduct surface coal mining operations within 100 feet of a public road or within 300 feet of an occupied dwelling must meet the requirements of § 761.14 or § 761.15 of this chapter, respectively.
            [48 FR 44399, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 64 FR 70837, Dec. 17, 1999]

            § 778.17
            Permit term.
            (a) Each application shall state the anticipated or actual starting and termination date of each phase of the surface coal mining and reclamation operation and the anticipated number of acres of land to be affected during each phase of mining over the life of the mine.
            (b) If the applicant requires an initial permit term in excess of 5 years in order to obtain necessary financing for equipment and the opening of the operation, the application shall—
            (1) Be complete and accurate covering the specified longer term; and
            (2) Show that the proposed longer term is reasonably needed to allow the applicant to obtain financing for equipment and for the opening of the operation with the need confirmed, in writing, by the applicant's proposed source of financing.

            § 778.18
            Insurance.
            An application shall contain either a certificate of liability insurance or evidence of self-insurance in compliance with § 800.60 of this chapter.

            § 778.21
            Proof of publication.
            A copy of the newspaper advertisements of the application for a permit, significant revision of a permit, or renewal of a permit, or proof of publication of the advertisements which is acceptable to the regulatory authority shall be filed with the regulatory authority and shall be made a part of the application not later than 4 weeks after the last date of publication as required by § 773.6(a)(1) of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44399, Sept. 28, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 778.22
            Facilities or structures used in common.
            The plans of a facility or structure that is to be shared by two or more separately permitted mining operations may be included in one permit application and referenced in the other applications. In accordance with part 800 of this chapter, each permittee shall bond the facility or structure unless the permittees sharing it agree to another arrangement for assuming their respective responsibilities. If such agreement is reached, then the application shall include a copy of the agreement between or among the parties setting forth the respective bonding responsibilities of each party for the facility or structure. The agreement shall demonstrate to the satisfaction of the regulatory authority that all responsibilities under this chapter for the facility or structure will be met.

          Pt. 779
          PART 779—SURFACE MINING PERMIT APPLICATIONS—MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR INFORMATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES

            Sec.
            779.1
            Scope.
            779.2
            Objectives.
            779.4
            Responsibilities.
            779.10
            Information collection.
            779.11
            General requirements.
            779.12
            General environmental resources information.
            779.18
            Climatological information.
            779.19
            Vegetation information.
            779.20
            [Reserved]
            779.21
            Soil resources information.
            779.24
            Maps: General requirements.
            779.25
            Cross sections, maps, and plans.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.; sec. 115 of Pub. L. 98-146, (30 U.S.C. 1257), and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 779 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 779.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the minimum requirements for the Secretary's approval of regulatory program provisions for the environmental resources contents of applications for surface mining activities.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of this part are to ensure that each application provides to the regulatory authority a complete and accurate description of the environmental resources that may be impacted or affected by proposed surface mining activities.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) It is the responsibility of the applicant to provide, except where specifically exempted in this part, all information required by this part in the application.
            (b) It is the responsibility of State and Federal government agencies to provide information for applications as specifically required by this part.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.10
            Information collection.

            The information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR 779.11, 779.12, 779.13, 779.14, 779.15, 779.16, 779.17, 779.18, 779.19, 779.21, 779.22, 779.24, 779.25 and 779.27 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0035. The information is being collected to meet the requirements of sections 507 and 508 of Pub. L. 95-87, which require the applicant to present an adequate description of the existing pre-mining environmental resources within and around the proposed mine plan area. This information will be used by the regulatory authority to determine whether the applicant can comply with the performance standards of the regulations for surface coal mining and whether reclamation of these areas is feasible. The obligation to respond is mandatory.[47 FR 33686, Aug. 4, 1982, as amended at 52 FR 47359, Dec. 11, 1987; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.11
            General requirements.
            Each permit application shall include a description of the existing, premining environmental resources within the proposed permit area and adjacent areas that may be affected or impacted by the proposed surface mining activities.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.12
            General environmental resources information.
            Each application shall describe and identify—
            (a) The lands subject to surface coal mining operations over the estimated life of those operations and the size, sequence, and timing of the subareas for which it is anticipated that individual permits for mining will be sought; and
            (b)(1) The nature of cultural, historic and archeological resources listed or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places and known archeological sites within the proposed permit and adjacent areas. The description shall be based on all available information, including, but not limited to, information from the State Historic Preservation Officer and from local archeological, historical, and cultural preservation agencies.
            (2) The regulatory authority may require the applicant to identify and evaluate important historic and archeological resources that may be eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places, through
            (i) Collection of additional information,
            (ii) Conduct of field investigations, or
            (iii) Other appropriate analyses.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.18
            Climatological information.
            (a) When requested by the regulatory authority, the application shall contain a statement of the climatological factors that are representative of the proposed permit area, including:
            (1) The average seasonal precipitation;
            (2) The average direction and velocity of prevailing winds; and
            (3) Seasonal temperature ranges.
            (b) The regulatory authority may request such additional data as deemed necessary to ensure compliance with the requirements of this subchapter.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.19
            Vegetation information.
            (a) The permit application shall, if required by the regulatory authority, contain a map that delineates existing vegetative types and a description of the plant communities within the proposed permit area and within any proposed reference area. This description shall include information adequate to predict the potential for reestablishing vegetation.
            (b) When a map or aerial photograph is required, sufficient adjacent areas shall be included to allow evaluation of vegetation as important habitat for fish and wildlife for those species of fish and wildlife identified under 30 CFR 780.16.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 52 FR 47359, Dec. 11, 1987; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.20
            [Reserved]

            § 779.21
            Soil resources information.
            (a) The applicant shall provide adequate soil survey information of the permit area consisting of the following:
            (1) A map delineating different soils;
            (2) Soil identification;
            (3) Soil description; and
            (4) Present and potential productivity of existing soils.
            (b) Where the applicant proposes to use selected overburden materials as a supplement or substitute for topsoil, the application shall provide results of the analyses, trials, and tests required under 30 CFR 816.22.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

              Editorial Note:
              For a document temporarily suspending § 779.21 in part, see 45 FR 51548, Aug. 4, 1980.

            § 779.24
            Maps: General requirements.
            The permit application shall include maps showing—
            (a) All boundaries of lands and names of present owners of record of those lands, both surface and subsurface, included in or contiguous to the permit area;
            (b) The boundaries of land within the proposed permit area upon which the applicant has the legal right to enter and begin surface mining activities;
            (c) The boundaries of all areas proposed to be affected over the estimated total life of the proposed surface mining activities, with a description of size, sequence, and timing of the mining of sub-areas for which it is anticipated that additional permits will be sought;
            (d) The location of all buildings on and within 1,000 feet of the proposed permit area, with identification of the current use of the buildings;
            (e) The location of surface and sub-surface man-made features within, passing through, or passing over the proposed permit area, including, but not limited to major electric transmission lines, pipelines, and agricultural drainage tile fields;
            (f) The location and boundaries of any proposed reference areas for determining the success of revegetation;
            (g) The locations of water supply intakes for current users of surface water flowing into, out of, and within a hydrologic area defined by the regulatory authority, and those surface waters which will receive discharges from affected areas in the proposed permit area;
            (h) Each public road located in or within 100 feet of the proposed permit area;
            (i) The boundaries of any public park and locations of any cultural or historical resources listed or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and known archeological sites within the permit and adjacent areas.
            (j) Each cemetery that is located in or within 100 feet of the proposed permit area.
            (k) Any land within the proposed permit area which is within the boundaries of any units of the National System of Trails or the Wild and Scenic Rivers System, including study rivers designated under section 5(a) of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act; and
            (l) Other relevant information required by the regulatory authority.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49685, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 779.25
            Cross sections, maps, and plans.
            (a) The application shall include cross sections, maps, and plans showing—
            (1) Elevations and locations of test borings and core samplings;
            (2) Elevations and locations of monitoring stations used to gather data for water quality and quantity, fish and wildlife, and air quality, if required, in preparation of the application;
            (3) Nature, depth, and thickness of the coal seams to be mined, any coal or rider seams above the seam to be mined, each stratum of the overburden, and the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined;
            (4) All coal crop lines and the strike and dip of the coal to be mined within the proposed permit area;
            (5) Location and extent of known workings of active, inactive, or abandoned underground mines, including mine openings to the surface within the proposed permit and adjacent areas;
            (6) Location and extent of sub-surface water, if encountered, within the proposed permit or adjacent areas;
            (7) Location of surface water bodies such as streams, lakes, ponds, springs, constructed or natural drains, and irrigation ditches within the proposed permit and adjacent areas;
            (8) Location and extent of existing or previously surface-mined areas within the proposed permit area;
            (9) Location and dimensions of existing areas of spoil, waste, and non-coal waste disposal, dams, embankments, other impoundments, and water treatment and air pollution control facilities within the proposed permit area;

            (10) Location, and depth if available, of gas and oil wells within the proposed permit area and water wells in the permit area and adjacent area;

            (b) Cross sections, maps and plans included in a permit application as required by this section shall be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, a professional geologist, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such cross sections, maps and plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor, with assistance from experts in related fields such as landscape architecture, and shall be updated as required by the regulatory authority.
            [44 FR 15354, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 50 FR 16198, Apr. 24, 1985; 59 FR 27937, May 27, 1994; 81 FR 93327, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54948, Nov. 17, 2017]

          Pt. 780
          PART 780—SURFACE MINING PERMIT APPLICATIONS—MINIMUM REQUIREMENT FOR RECLAMATION AND OPERATION PLAN

            Sec.
            780.1
            Scope.
            780.2
            Objectives.
            780.4
            Responsibilities.
            780.10
            Information collection.
            780.11
            Operation plan: General requirements.
            780.12
            Operation plan: Existing structures.
            780.13
            Operation plan: Blasting.
            780.14
            Operation plan: Maps and plans.
            780.15
            Air pollution control plan.
            780.16
            Fish and wildlife information.
            780.18
            Reclamation plan: General requirements.
            780.21
            Hydrologic information.
            780.22
            Geologic information.
            780.23
            Reclamation plan: Land use information.
            780.25
            Reclamation plan: Siltation structures, impoundments, banks, dams, and embankments.
            780.27
            Reclamation plan: Surface mining near underground mining.
            780.28
            [Reserved]
            780.29
            Diversions.
            780.31
            Protection of publicly owned parks and historic places.
            780.33
            Relocation or use of public roads.
            780.35
            Disposal of excess spoil.
            780.37
            Road systems.
            780.38
            Support facilities.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 780 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 780.1
            Scope.
            This part provides the minimum requirements for the Secretary's approval of regulatory program provisions for the mining operations and reclamation plan portions of applications for permits for surface mining activities, except to the extent that different requirements for those plans are established under 30 CFR part 785.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of this part are to insure that the regulatory authority is provided with comprehensive and reliable information on proposed surface mining activities, and to ensure that those activities are allowed to be conducted only in compliance with the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) It is the responsibility of the applicant to provide to the regulatory authority all of the information required by this part, except where specifically exempted in this part.
            (b) It is the responsibility of State and Federal governmental agencies to provide information to the regulatory authority where specifically required in this part.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.10
            Information collection.

            (a) The collections of information contained in part 780 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0036. The information will be used by the regulatory authority to determine whether the applicant can comply with the applicable performance and environmental standards in Public Law 95-87. Response is required to obtain a benefit.
            (b) Public Reporting burden for this information is estimated to average 28 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Information Collection Clearance Officer, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW., Room 203, Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project 1029-0036, Washington, DC 20503.
            [79 FR 76228, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.11
            Operation plan: General requirements.
            Each application shall contain a description of the mining operations proposed to be conducted during the life of the mine within the proposed permit area, including, at a minimum, the following:
            (a) A narrative description of the type and method of coal mining procedures and proposed engineering techniques, anticipated annual and total production of coal, by tonnage, and the major equipment to be used for all aspects of those operations; and
            (b) A narrative explaining the construction, modification, use, maintenance, and removal of the following facilities (unless retention of such facilities is necessary for postmining land use as specified in § 816.133):
            (1) Dams, embankments, and other impoundments;
            (2) Overburden and topsoil handling and storage areas and structures;
            (3) Coal removal, handling, storage, cleaning, and transportation areas and structures;
            (4) Spoil, coal processing waste, and non-coal waste removal, handling, storage, transportation, and disposal areas and structures;
            (5) Mine facilities; and
            (6) Water and air pollution control facilities.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.12
            Operation plan: Existing structures.
            (a) Each application shall contain a description of each existing structure proposed to be used in connection with or to facilitate the surface coal mining and reclamation operation. The description shall include—
            (1) Location;
            (2) Plans of the structure which describe its current condition;
            (3) Approximate dates on which construction of the existing structure was begun and completed; and
            (4) A showing, including relevant monitoring data or other evidence, whether the structure meets the performance standards of subchapter K (Permanent Program Standards) of this chapter or, if the structure does not meet the performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter, a showing whether the structure meets the performance standards of subchapter B (Interim Program Standards) of this chapter.
            (b) Each application shall contain a compliance plan for each existing structure proposed to be modified or reconstructed for use in connection with or to facilitate the surface coal mining and reclamation operation. The compliance plan shall include—
            (1) Design specifications for the modification or reconstruction of the structure to meet the design and performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter;
            (2) A construction schedule which shows dates for beginning and completing interim steps and final reconstruction;
            (3) Provisions for monitoring the structure during and after modification or reconstruction to ensure that the performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter are met; and

            (4) A showing that the risk of harm to the environment or to public health or safety is not significant during the period of modification or reconstruction.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.13
            Operation plan: Blasting.
            (a) Blasting plan. Each application shall contain a blasting plan for the proposed permit area, explaining how the applicant will comply with the requirements of §§ 816.61 through 816.68 of this chapter. This plan shall include, at a minimum, information setting forth the limitations the operator will meet with regard to ground vibration and airblast, the bases for those limitations, and the methods to be applied in controlling the adverse effects of blasting operations.
            (b) Monitoring system. Each application shall contain a description of any system to be used to monitor compliance with the standards of § 816.67 including the type, capability, and sensitivity of any blast-monitoring equipment and proposed procedures and locations of monitoring.
            (c) Blasting near underground mines. Blasting operations within 500 feet of active underground mines require approval of the State and Federal regulatory authorities concerned with the health and safety of underground miners.
            [48 FR 9806, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.14
            Operation plan: Maps and plans.
            Each application shall contain maps and plans as follows:
            (a) The maps and plans shall show the lands proposed to be affected throughout the operation and any change in a facility or feature to be caused by the proposed operations, if the facility or feature was shown under 30 CFR 779.24 through 779.25.
            (b) The following shall be shown for the proposed permit area:
            (1) Buildings, utility corridors and facilities to be used;
            (2) The area of land to be affected within the proposed permit area, according to the sequence of mining and reclamation;
            (3) Each area of land for which a performance bond or other equivalent guarantee will be posted under subchapter J of this chapter;
            (4) Each coal storage, cleaning and loading area;
            (5) Each topsoil, spoil, coal waste, and non-coal waste storage area;
            (6) Each water diversion, collection, conveyance, treatment, storage, and discharge facility to be used;
            (7) Each air pollution collection and control facility;
            (8) Each source of waste and each waste disposal facility relating to coal processing or pollution control;
            (9) Each facility to be used to protect and enhance fish and wildlife and related environmental values;
            (10) Each explosive storage and handling facility; and
            (11) Location of each sedimentation pond, permanent water impoundment, coal processing waste bank, and coal processing waste dam and embankment, in accordance with 30 CFR 780.25, and fill area for the disposal of excess spoil in accordance 30 CFR 780.35.
            (c) Except as provided in §§ 780.25(a)(2), 780.25(a)(3), 780.35(a), 816.71(b), 816.73(c), 816.74(c) and 816.81(c) of this chapter, cross sections, maps and plans required under paragraphs (b)(4), (5), (6), (10) and (11) of this section shall be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer, a professional geologist, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such cross sections, maps and plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor, with assistance from experts in related fields such as landscape architecture.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49685, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 50 FR 16199, Apr. 24, 1985; 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 73 FR 75875, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76228, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.15
            Air pollution control plan.

            (a) For all surface mining activities with projected production rates exceeding 1,000,000 tons of coal per year and located west of the 100th meridian west longitude, the application shall contain an air pollution control plan which includes the following:

            (1) An air quality monitoring program to provide sufficient data to evaluate the effectiveness of the fugitive dust control practices proposed under paragraph (a)(2) of this section to comply with Federal and State air quality standards; and
            (2) A plan for fugitive dust control practices as required under 30 CFR 816.95.
            (b) For all other surface mining activities the application shall contain an air pollution control plan which includes the following:
            (1) An air quality monitoring program, if required by the regulatory authority, to provide sufficient data to evaluate the effectiveness of the fugitive dust control practices under paragraph (b)(2) of this section to comply with applicable Federal and State air quality standards; and
            (2) A plan for fugitive dust control practices, as required under 30 CFR 816.95.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.16
            Fish and wildlife information.
            (a) Resource information. Each application shall include fish and wildlife resource information for the permit area and adjacent area.
            (1) The scope and level of detail for such information shall be determined by the regulatory authority in consultation with State and Federal agencies with responsibilities for fish and wildlife and shall be sufficient to design the protection and enhancement plan required under paragraph (b) of this section.
            (2) Site-specific resource information necessary to address the respective species or habitats shall be required when the permit area or adjacent area is likely to include:

            (i) Listed or proposed endangered or threatened species of plants or animals or their critical habitats listed by the Secretary under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), or those species or habitats protected by similar State statutes;
            (ii) Habitats of unusually high value for fish and wildlife such as important streams, wetlands, riparian areas, cliffs supporting raptors, areas offering special shelter or protection, migration routes, or reproduction and wintering areas; or
            (iii) Other species or habitats identified through agency consultation as requiring special protection under State or Federal law.
            (b) Protection and enhancement plan. Each application shall include a description of how, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, the operator will minimize disturbances and adverse impacts on fish and wildlife and related environmental values, including compliance with the Endangered Species Act, during the surface coal mining and reclamation operations and how enhancement of these resources will be achieved where practicable. This description shall—
            (1) Be consistent with the requirements of § 816.97 of this chapter;
            (2) Apply, at a minimum, to species and habitats identified under paragraph (a) of this section; and
            (3) Include—
            (i) Protective measures that will be used during the active mining phase of operation. Such measures may include the establishment of buffer zones, the selective location and special design of haul roads and powerlines, and the monitoring of surface water quality and quantity; and
            (ii) Enhancement measures that will be used during the reclamation and postmining phase of operation to develop aquatic and terrestrial habitat. Such measures may include restoration of streams and other wetlands, retention of ponds and impoundments, establishment of vegetation for wildlife food and cover, and the replacement of perches and nest boxes. Where the plan does not include enhancement measures, a statement shall be given explaining why enhancement is not practicable.
            (c) Fish and Wildlife Service review. Upon request, the regulatory authority shall provide the resource information required under paragraph (a) of this section and the protection and enhancement plan required under paragraph (b) of this section to the U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Regional or Field Office for their review. This information shall be provided within 10 days of receipt of the request from the Service.
            [52 FR 47359, Dec. 11, 1987, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.18
            Reclamation plan: General requirements.
            (a) Each application shall contain a plan for reclamation of the lands within the proposed permit area, showing how the applicant will comply with section 515 of the Act, subchapter K of this chapter, and the environmental protection performance standards of the regulatory program. The plan shall include, at a minimum, all information required under 30 CFR 780.18 through 780.37.
            (b) Each plan shall contain the following information for the proposed permit area—
            (1) A detailed timetable for the completion of each major step in the reclamation plan;
            (2) A detailed estimate of the cost of reclamation of the proposed operations required to be covered by a performance bond under subchapter J of this chapter, with supporting calculations for the estimates;
            (3) A plan for backfilling, soil stabilization, compacting, and grading, with contour maps or cross sections that show the anticipated final surface configuration of the proposed permit area, in accordance with 30 CFR 816.102 through 816.107;
            (4) A plan for removal, storage, and redistribution of topsoil, subsoil, and other material to meet the requirements of § 816.22 of this chapter. A demonstration of the suitability of topsoil substitutes or supplements under § 816.22(b) of this chapter shall be based upon analysis of the thickness of soil horizons, total depth, texture, percent coarse fragments, pH, and areal extent of the different kinds of soils. The regulatory authority may require other chemical and physical analyses, field-site trials, or greenhouse tests if determined to be necessary or desirable to demonstrate the suitability of the topsoil substitutes or supplements.
            (5) A plan for revegetation as required in 30 CFR 816.111 through 816.116, including, but not limited to, descriptions of the—
            (i) Schedule of revegetation;
            (ii) Species and amounts per acre of seeds and seedlings to be used;
            (iii) Methods to be used in planting and seeding;
            (iv) Mulching techniques;
            (v) Irrigation, if appropriate, and pest and disease control measures, if any; and
            (vi) Measures proposed to be used to determine the success of revegetation as required in 30 CFR 816.116.
            (vii) A soil testing plan for evaluation of the results of topsoil handling and reclamation procedures related to revegetation.
            (6) A description of the measures to be used to maximize the use and conservation of the coal resource as required in 30 CFR 816.59;
            (7) A description of measures to be employed to ensure that all debris, acid-forming and toxic-forming materials, and materials constituting a fire hazard are disposed of in accordance with 30 CFR 816.89 and 816.102 and a description of the contingency plans which have been developed to preclude sustained combustion of such materials;
            (8) A description, including appropriate cross sections and maps, of the measures to be used to seal or manage mine openings, and to plug, case, or manage exploration holes, other bore holes, wells, and other openings within the proposed permit area, in accordance with 30 CFR 816.13 through 816.15; and

            (9) A description of steps to be taken to comply with the requirements of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), and other applicable air and water quality laws and regulations and health and safety standards.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 22100, May 16, 1983; 48 FR 44779, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.21
            Hydrologic information.
            (a) Sampling and analysis methodology. All water-quality analyses performed to meet the requirements of this section shall be conducted according to the methodology in the 15th edition of “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,” which is incorporated by reference, or the methodology in 40 CFR parts 136 and 434. Water quality sampling performed to meet the requirements of this section shall be conducted according to either methodology listed above when feasible. “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,” is a joint publication of the American Public Health Association, the American Water Works Association, and the Water Pollution Control Federation and is available from the American Public Health Association, 1015 15th Street NW., Washington, DC 20036. This document is also available for inspection at the Office of the OSM Administrative Record, U.S. Department of the Interior, Room 5315, 1100 L Street NW., Washington, DC; at the OSM Eastern Technical Service Center, U.S. Department of the Interior, Building 10, Parkway Center, Pittsburgh, Pa.; at the OSM Western Technical Service Center, U.S. Department of the Interior, Brooks Tower, 1020 15th Street, Denver, Colo or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register on October 26, 1983. This document is incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in it will be published in the Federal Register.
            (b) Baseline information. The application shall include the following baseline hydrologic information, and any additional information required by the regulatory authority.
            (1) Ground-water information. The location and ownership for the permit and adjacent areas of existing wells, springs, and other ground-water resources, seasonal quality and quantity of ground water, and usage. Water quality descriptions shall include, at a minimum, total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, pH, total iron, and total manganese. Ground-water quantity descriptions shall include, at a minimum, approximate rates of discharge or usage and depth to the water in the coal seam, and each water-bearing stratum above and potentially impacted stratum below the coal seam.
            (2) Surface-water information. The name, location, ownership, and description of all surface-water bodies such as streams, lakes, and impoundments, the location of any discharge into any surface-water body in the proposed permit and adjacent areas, and information on surface-water quality and quantity sufficient to demonstrate seasonal variation and water usage. Water quality descriptions shall include, at a minimum, baseline information on total suspended solids, total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, pH, total iron, and total manganese. Baseline acidity and alkalinity information shall be provided if there is a potential for acid drainage from the proposed mining operation. Water quantity descriptions shall include, at a minimum, baseline information on seasonal flow rates.
            (3) Supplemental information. If the determination of the probable hydrologic consequences (PHC) required by paragraph (f) of this section indicates that adverse impacts on or off the proposed permit area may occur to the hydrologic balance, or that acid-forming or toxic-forming material is present that may result in the contamination of ground-water or surface-water supplies, then information supplemental to that required under paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section shall be provided to evaluate such probable hydrologic consequences and to plan remedial and reclamation activities. Such supplemental information may be based upon drilling, aquifer tests, hydrogeologic analysis of the water-bearing strata, flood flows, or analysis of other water quality or quantity characteristics.
            (c) Baseline cumulative impact area information. (1) Hydrologic and geologic information for the cumulative impact area necessary to assess the probable cumulative hydrologic impacts of the proposed operation and all anticipated mining on surface- and ground-water systems as required by paragraph (g) of this section shall be provided to the regulatory authority if available from appropriate Federal or State agencies.

            (2) If the information is not available from such agencies, then the applicant may gather and submit this information to the regulatory authority as part of the permit application.
            (3) The permit shall not be approved until the necessary hydrologic and geologic information is available to the regulatory authority.
            (d) Modeling. The use of modeling techniques, interpolation or statistical techniques may be included as part of the permit application, but actual surface- and ground-water information may be required by the regulatory authority for each site even when such techniques are used.
            (e) Alternative water source information. If the PHC determination required by paragraph (f) of this section indicates that the proposed mining operation may proximately result in contamination, diminution, or interruption of an underground or surface source of water within the proposed permit or adjacent areas which is used for domestic, agricultural, industrial or other legitimate purpose, then the application shall contain information on water availability and alternative water sources, including the suitability of alternative water sources for existing permining uses and approved postmining land uses.
            (f) Probable hydrologic consequences determination. (1) The application shall contain a determination of the probable hydrologic consequences (PHC) of the proposed operation upon the quality and quantity of surface and ground water under seasonal flow conditions for the proposed permit and adjacent areas.
            (2) The PHC determination shall be based on baseline hydrologic, geologic and other information collected for the permit application and may include data statistically representative of the site.
            (3) The PHC determination shall include findings on:
            (i) Whether adverse impacts may occur to the hydrologic balance;
            (ii) Whether acid-forming or toxic-forming materials are present that could result in the contamination of surface or ground water supplies;
            (iii) Whether the proposed operation may proximately result in contamination, diminution or interruption of an underground or surface source of water within the proposed permit or adjacent areas which is used for domestic, agricultural, industrial or other legitimate purpose; and
            (iv) What impact the proposed operation will have on:
            (A) Sediment yields from the disturbed area; (B) acidity, total suspended and dissolved solids, and other important water quality parameters of local impact; (C) flooding or streamflow alteration; (D) ground water and surface water availability; and (E) other characteristics as required by the regulatory authority.
            (4) An application for a permit revision shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority to determine whether a new or updated PHC determination shall be required.
            (g) Cumulative hydrologic impact assessment. (1) The regulatory authority shall provide an assessment of the probable cumulative hydrologic impacts (CHIA) of the proposed operation and all anticipated mining upon surface- and ground-water systems in the cumulative impact area. The CHIA shall be sufficient to determine, for purposes of permit approval, whether the proposed operation has been designed to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area. The regulatory authority may allow the applicant to submit data and analyses relevant to the CHIA with the permit application.
            (2) An application for a permit revision shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority to determine whether a new or updated CHIA shall be required.
            (h) Hydrologic reclamation plan. The application shall include a plan, with maps and descriptions, indicating how the relevant requirements of part 816, including §§ 816.41 to 816.43, will be met. The plan shall be specific to the local hydrologic conditions. It shall contain the steps to be taken during mining and reclamation through bond release to minimize disturbances to the hydrologic balance within the permit and adjacent areas; to prevent material damage outside the permit area; to meet applicable Federal and State water quality laws and regulations; and to protect the rights of present water users. The plan shall include the measures to be taken to: Avoid acid or toxic drainage; prevent, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow; provide water-treatment facilities when needed; control drainage; restore approximate premining recharge capacity and protect or replace rights of present water users. The plan shall specifically address and potential adverse hydrologic consequences identified in the PHC determination prepared under paragraph (f) of this section and shall include preventive and remedial measures.
            (i) Ground-water monitoring plan. (1) The application shall include a ground-water monitoring plan based upon the PHC determination required under paragraph (f) of this section and the analysis of all baseline hydrologic, geologic and other information in the permit application. The plan shall provide for the monitoring of parameters that relate to the suitability of the ground water for current and approved postmining land uses and to the objectives for protection of the hydrologic balance set forth in paragraph (h) of this section. It shall identify the quantity and quality parameters to be monitored, sampling frequency, and site locations. It shall describe how the data may be used to determine the impacts of the operation upon the hydrologic balance. At a minimum, total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, pH, total iron, total manganese, and water levels shall be monitored and data submitted to the regulatory authority at least every 3 months for each monitoring location. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring.
            (2) If an applicant can demonstrate by the use of the PHC determination and other available information that a particular water-bearing stratum in the proposed permit and adjacent areas is not one which serves as an aquifer which significantly ensures the hydrologic balance within the cumulative impact area, then monitoring of that stratum may be waived by the regulatory authority.
            (j) Surface-water monitoring plan. (1) The application shall include a surface-water monitoring plan based upon the PHC determination required under paragraph (f) of this section and the analysis of all baseline hydrologic, geologic, and other information in the permit application. The plan shall provide for the monitoring of parameters that relate to the suitability of the surface water for current and approved postmined land uses and to the objectives for protection of the hydrologic balance as set forth in paragraph (h) of this section as well as the effluent limitations found at 40 CFR part 434.
            (2) The plan shall identify the surface-water quantity and quality parameters to be monitored, sampling frequency and site locations. It shall describe how the data may be used to determine the impacts of the operation upon the hydrologic balance.
            (i) At all monitoring locations in the surface-water bodies such as streams, lakes, and impoundments, that are potentially impacted or into which water will be discharged and at upstream monitoring locations the total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, total suspended solids, pH, total iron, total manganese, and flow shall be monitored.
            (ii) For point-source discharges, monitoring shall be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR parts 122, 123 and 434 and as required by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permitting authority.
            (3) The monitoring reports shall be submitted to the regulatory authority every 3 months. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring.
            [48 FR 43985, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 36400, Sept. 19, 1988; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.22
            Geologic information.
            (a) General. Each application shall include geologic information in sufficient detail to assist in determining—

            (1) The probable hydrologic consequences of the operation upon the quality and quantity of surface and ground water in the permit and adjacent areas, including the extent to which surface- and ground-water monitoring is necessary;

            (2) All potentially acid- or toxic-forming strata down to and including the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined; and
            (3) Whether reclamation as required by this chapter can be accomplished and whether the proposed operation has been designed to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area.
            (b) Geologic information shall include, at a minimum the following:
            (1) A description of the geology of the proposed permit and adjacent areas down to and including the deeper of either the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined or any aquifer below the lowest coal seam to be mined which may be adversely impacted by mining. The description shall include the areal and structural geology of the permit and adjacent areas, and other parameters which influence the required reclamation and the occurrence, availability, movement, quantity, and quality of potentially impacted surface and ground waters. It shall be based on—
            (i) The cross sections, maps and plans required by § 779.25 of this chapter;
            (ii) The information obtained under paragraphs (b)(2) and (c) of this section; and
            (iii) Geologic literature and practices.
            (2) Analyses of samples collected from test borings; drill cores; or fresh, unweathered, uncontaminated samples from rock outcrops from the permit area, down to and including the deeper of either the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined or any aquifer below the lowest seam to be mined which may be adversely impacted by mining. The analyses shall result in the following:
            (i) Logs showing the lithologic characteristics including physical properties and thickness of each stratum and location of ground water where occurring;
            (ii) Chemical analyses identifying those strata that may contain acid- or toxic-forming or alkalinity-producing materials and to determine their content except that the regulatory authority may find that the analysis for alkalinity-producing materials is unnecessary; and
            (iii) Chemical analyses of the coal seam for acid- or toxic-forming materials, including the total sulfur and pyritic sulfur, except that the regulatory authority may find that the analysis of pyritic sulfur content is unnecessary.
            (c) If determined to be necessary to protect the hydrologic balance or to meet the performance standards of this chapter, the regulatory authority may require the collection, analysis, and description of geologic information in addition to that required by paragraph (b) of this section.
            (d) An applicant may request the regulatory authority to waive in whole or in part the requirements of paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The waiver may be granted only if the regulatory authority finds in writing that the collection and analysis of such data is unnecessary because other equivalent information is available to the regulatory authority in a satisfactory form.
            [48 FR 43987, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.23
            Reclamation plan: Land use information.
            (a) The plan shall contain a statement of the condition, capability, and productivity of the land within the proposed permit area, including:
            (1) A map and supporting narrative of the uses of the land existing at the time of the filing of the application. If the premining use of the land was changed within 5 years before the anticipated date of beginning the proposed operations, the historic use of the land shall also be described. In the case of previously mined land, the use of the land prior to any mining shall also be described to the extent such information is available.
            (2) A narrative of land capability and productivity, which analyzes the land-use description under paragraph (a) of this section in conjunction with other environmental resources information. The narrative shall provide analyses of:

            (i) The capability of the land before any mining to support a variety of uses, giving consideration to soil and foundation characteristics, topography, vegetative cover, and the hydrology of the proposed permit area; and

            (ii) The productivity of the proposed permit area before mining, expressed as average yield of food, fiber, forage, or wood products from such lands obtained under high levels of management. The productivity shall be determined by yield data or estimates for similar sites based on current data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, State agricultural universities, or appropriate State natural resource or agricultural agencies.
            (b) Each plan shall contain a detailed description of the proposed use, following reclamation, of the land within the proposed permit area, including a discussion of the utility and capacity of the reclaimed land to support a variety of alternative uses, and the relationship of the proposed use of existing land use policies and plans. This description shall explain:
            (1) How the proposed post mining land use is to be achieved and the necessary support activities which may be needed to achieve the proposed land use; and
            (2) Where a land use different from the premining land use is proposed, all materials needed for approval of the alternative use under 30 CFR 816.133.
            (3) The consideration which has been given to making all of the proposed surface mining activities consistent with surface owner plans and applicable State and local land use plans and programs.
            (c) The description shall be accompanied by a copy of the comments concerning the proposed use by the legal or equitable owner of record of the surface of the proposed permit area and the State and local government agencies which would have to initiate, implement, approve, or authorize the proposed use of the land following reclamation.
            [59 FR 27937, May 27, 1994, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.25
            Reclamation plan: Siltation structures, impoundments, banks, dams, and embankments.
            (a) General. Each application shall include a general plan and a detailed design plan for each proposed siltation structure, water impoundment, and coal processing waste bank, dam, or embankment within the proposed permit area.
            (1) Each general plan shall—(i) Be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, a professional geologist, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor, with assistance from experts in related fields such as landscape architecture;
            (ii) Contain a description, map, and cross section of the structure and its location;
            (iii) Contain preliminary hydrologic and geologic information required to assess the hydrologic impact of the structure;
            (iv) Contain a survey describing the potential effect on the structure from subsidence of the subsurface strata resulting from past underground mining operations if underground mining has occurred; and
            (v) Contain a certification statement which includes a schedule setting forth the dates that any detailed design plans for structures that are not submitted with the general plan will be submitted to the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority shall have approved, in writing, the detailed design plan for a structure before construction of the structure begins.

            (2) Impoundments meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Technical Release No. 60 (210-VI-TR60, Oct. 1985), “Earth Dams and Reservoirs,” Technical Release No. 60 (TR-60) shall comply with the requirements of this section for structures that meet or exceed the size of other criteria of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). The technical release is hereby incorporated by reference. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. TR-60 may be viewed and downloaded from OSM's Web site at http://www.osmre.gov/programs/TDT/damsafety.shtm. It also is available for inspection at the OSM Headquarters Office, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, Room 252, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Each detailed design plan for a structure that meets or exceeds the size or other criteria of MSHA, § 77.216(a) of this chapter shall:
            (i) Be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer with assistance from experts in related fields such as geology, land surveying, and landscape architecture;
            (ii) Include any geotechnical investigation, design, and construction requirements for the structure;
            (iii) Describe the operation and maintenance requirements for each structure; and
            (iv) Describe the timetable and plans to remove each structure, if appropriate.
            (3) Each detailed design plan for structures not included in paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall:
            (i) Be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such plans, a qualified, registered, professional land surveyor, except that all coal processing waste dams and embankments covered by §§ 816.81-816.84 of this chapter shall be certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer;
            (ii) Include any design and construction requirements for the structure, including any required geotechnical information;
            (iii) Describe the operation and maintenance requirements for each structure; and
            (iv) Describe the timetable and plans to remove each structure, if appropriate.
            (b) Siltation structures. Siltation structures shall be designed in compliance with the requirements of § 816.46 of this chapter.
            (c) Permanent and temporary impoundments. (1) Permanent and temporary impoundments shall be designed to comply with the requirements of § 816.49 of this chapter.
            (2) Each plan for an impoundment meeting the size or other criteria of the Mine Safety and Health Administration shall comply with the requirements of §§ 77.216-1 and 77.216-2 of this title. The plan required to be submitted to the District Manager of MSHA under § 77.216 of this title shall be submitted to the regulatory authority as part of the permit application in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section.
            (3) For impoundments not included in paragraph (a)(2) of this section, the regulatory authority may establish through the State program approval process, engineering design standards that ensure stability comparable to a 1.3 minimum static safety factor in lieu of engineering tests to establish compliance with the minimum static safety factor of 1.3 specified in § 816.49(a)(4)(ii) of this chapter.
            (d) Coal processing waste banks. Coal processing waste banks shall be designed to comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 816.81-816.84.
            (e) Coal processing waste dams and embankments. Coal processing waste dams and embankments shall be designed to comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 816.81-816.84. Each plan shall comply with the requirements of the Mine Safety and Health Administration, 30 CFR 77.216-1 and 77.216-2, and shall contain the results of a geotechnical investigation of the proposed dam or embankment foundation area, to determine the structural competence of the foundation which will support the proposed dam or embankment structure and the impounded material. The geotechnical investigation shall be planned and supervised by an engineer or engineering geologist, according to the following:

            (1) The number, location, and depth of borings and test pits shall be determined using current prudent engineering practice for the size of the dam or embankment, quantity of material to be impounded, and subsurface conditions.

            (2) The character of the overburden and bedrock, the proposed abutment sites, and any adverse geotechnical conditions which may affect the particular dam, embankment, or reservoir site shall be considered.
            (3) All springs, seepage, and ground water flow observed or anticipated during wet periods in the area of the proposed dam or embankment shall be identified on each plan.
            (4) Consideration shall be given to the possibility of mudflows, rock-debris falls, or other landslides into the dam, embankment, or impounded material.
            (f) If the structure meets the Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60 or meets the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this chapter, each plan under paragraphs (b), (c), and (e) of this section shall include a stability analysis of the structure. The stability analysis shall include, but not be limited to, strength parameters, pore pressures, and long-term seepage conditions. The plan shall also contain a description of each engineering design assumption and calculation with a discussion of each alternative considered in selecting the specific design parameters and construction methods.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 50 FR 16199, Apr. 24, 1985; 53 FR 43605, Oct. 27, 1988; 59 FR 53028, Oct. 20, 1994; 73 FR 75876, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76228, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.27
            Reclamation plan: Surface mining near underground mining.
            For surface mining activities within the proposed permit area to be conducted within 500 feet of an underground mine, the application shall describe the measures to be used to comply with 30 CFR 816.79.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.28
            [Reserved]

            § 780.29
            Diversions.
            Each application shall contain descriptions, including maps and cross sections, of stream channel diversions and other diversions to be constructed within the proposed permit area to achieve compliance with 30 CFR 816.43 of this chapter.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 43987, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.31
            Protection of publicly owned parks and historic places.
            (a) For any publicly owned parks or any places listed on the National Register of Historic Places that may be adversely affected by the proposed operation, each plan shall describe the measures to be used—
            (1) To prevent adverse impacts, or
            (2) If a person has valid existing rights, as determined under § 761.16 of this chapter, or if joint agency approval is to be obtained under § 761.17(d) of this chapter, to minimize adverse impacts.
            (b) The regulatory authority may require the applicant to protect historic or archeological properties listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places through appropriate mitigation and treatment measures. Appropriate mitigation and treatment measures may be required to be taken after permit issuance provided that the required measures are completed before the properties are affected by any mining operation.
            [52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987; 64 FR 70838, Dec. 17, 1999; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.33
            Relocation or use of public roads.
            Each application shall describe, with appropriate maps and cross-sections, the measures to be used to ensure that the interests of the public and landowners affected are protected if, under § 761.14 of this chapter, the applicant seeks to have the regulatory authority approve—
            (a) Conducting the proposed surface mining activities within 100 feet of the right-of-way line of any public road, except where mine access or haul roads join that right-of-way; or
            (b) Relocating a public road.
            [44 FR 15357, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 64 FR 70838, Dec. 17, 1999; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.35
            Disposal of excess spoil.
            (a) Each application shall contain descriptions, including appropriate maps and cross section drawings, of the proposed disposal site and design of the spoil disposal structures according to 30 CFR 816.71-816.74. These plans shall describe the geotechnical investigation, design, construction, operation, maintenance, and removal, if appropriate, of the site and structures.
            (b) Except for the disposal of excess spoil on pre existing benches, each application shall contain the results of a geotechnical investigation of the proposed disposal site, including the following:
            (1) The character of bedrock and any adverse geologic conditions in the disposal area,
            (2) A survey identifying all springs, seepage, and ground water flow observed or anticipated during wet periods in the area of the disposal site;
            (3) A survey of the potential effects of subsidence of the subsurface strata due to past and future mining operations;
            (4) A technical description of the rock materials to be utilized in the construction of those disposal structures containing rock chimney cores or underlain by a rock drainage blanket; and
            (5) A stability analysis including, but not limited to, strength parameters, pore pressures and long-term seepage conditions. These data shall be accompanied by a description of all engineering design assumptions and calculations and the alternatives considered in selecting the specific design specifications and methods.
            (c) If, under 30 CFR 816.71(d), rock-toe buttresses or key-way cuts are required, the application shall include the following:
            (1) The number, location, and depth of borings or test pits which shall be determined with respect to the size of the spoil disposal structure and subsurface conditions; and
            (2) Engineering specifications utilized to design the rock-toe buttress or key-way cuts which shall be determined in accordance with paragraph (b)(5) of this section.
            [79 FR 76229, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.37
            Road systems.
            (a) Plans and drawings. Each applicant for a surface coal mining and reclamation permit shall submit plans and drawings for each road, as defined in § 701.5 of this chapter, to be constructed, used, or maintained within the proposed permit area. The plans and drawings shall—
            (1) Include a map, appropriate cross sections, design drawings and specifications for road widths, gradients, surfacing materials, cuts, fill embankments, culverts, bridges, drainage ditches, low-water crossings, and drainage structures;
            (2) Contain the drawings and specifications of each proposed road that is located in the channel of an intermittent or perennial stream, as necessary for approval of the road by the regulatory authority in accordance with § 816.150(d)(1) of this chapter;
            (3) Contain the drawings and specifications for each proposed ford of perennial or intermittent streams that is used as a temporary route, as necessary for approval of the ford by the regulatory authority in accordance with § 816.151(c)(2) of this chapter;
            (4) Contain a description of measures to be taken to obtain approval of the regulatory authority for alteration or relocation of a natural stream channel under § 816.151(d)(5) of this chapter;
            (5) Contain the drawings and specifications for each low-water crossing of perennial or intermittent stream channels so that the regulatory authority can maximize the protection of the stream in accordance with § 816.151(d)(6) of this chapter; and
            (6) Describe the plans to remove and reclaim each road that would not be retained under an approved postmining land use, and the schedule for this removal and reclamation.
            (b) Primary road certification. The plans and drawings for each primary road shall be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to certify the design of primary roads a qualified registered professional land surveyor, with experience in the design and construction of roads, as meeting the requirements of this chapter; current, prudent engineering practices; and any design criteria established by the regulatory authority.
            (c) Standard design plans. The regulatory authority may establish engineering design standards for primary roads through the State program approval process, in lieu of engineering tests, to establish compliance with the minimum static safety factor of 1.3 for all embankments specified in § 816.151(b) of this chapter.
            [53 FR 45211, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 780.38
            Support facilities.
            Each applicant for a surface coal mining and reclamation permit shall submit a description, plans, and drawings for each support facility to be constructed, used, or maintained within the proposed permit area. The plans and drawings shall include a map, appropriate cross sections, design drawings, and specifications sufficient to demonstrate compliance with § 816.181 of this chapter for each facility.
            [53 FR 45211, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54949, Nov. 17, 2017]

          Pt. 783
          PART 783—UNDERGROUND MINING PERMIT APPLICATIONS—MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR INFORMATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES

            Sec.
            783.1
            Scope.
            783.2
            Objectives.
            783.4
            Responsibilities.
            783.10
            Information collection.
            783.11
            General requirements.
            783.12
            General environmental resources information.
            783.18
            Climatological information.
            783.19
            Vegetation information.
            783.20
            [Reserved]
            783.21
            Soil resources information.
            783.24
            Maps: General requirements.
            783.25
            Cross sections, maps, and plans.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.; sec. 115 of Pub. L. 98-146, (30 U.S.C. 1257), and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 783 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 783.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the minimum requirements for the Secretary's approval of regulatory program provisions for the environmental resources contents of applications for permits for underground mining activities.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of this part are to ensure that each application provides to the regulatory authority a complete and accurate description of the environmental resources that may be impacted or affected by proposed underground mining activities.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) It is the responsibility of the applicant to provide, except where specifically exempted in this part, all information required by this part in the application.
            (b) It is the responsibility of State and Federal Government agencies to provide information for applications as specifically required by this part.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.10
            Information collection.

            The information collection requirements contained in 30 CFR 783.11, 783.12, 783.13, 783.14, 783.15, 783.16, 783.17, 783.18, 783.19, 783.21, 783.22, 783.23, 783.24 and 783.25 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0038. The information is being collected to meet the requirements of sections 507 and 508 of Pub. L. 95-87, which require the permit applicant to present an adequate description of the existing pre-mining environmental resources within and around the proposed mine plan area. This information will be used by the regulatory authority to determine whether the applicant can comply with the performance standards for underground mining. The obligation to respond is mandatory.
            [47 FR 33686, Aug. 4, 1982, as amended at 52 FR 47359, Dec. 11, 1987; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.11
            General requirements.
            Each permit application shall include a description of the existing, premining environmental resources within the proposed permit area and adjacent areas that may be affected or impacted by the proposed underground mining activities.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.12
            General environmental resources information.
            Each application shall describe and identify—
            (a) The lands subject to surface coal mining operations over the estimated life of those operations and the size, sequence, and timing of the subareas for which it is anticipated that individual permits for mining will be sought; and
            (b) The nature of cultural historic and archeological resources listed or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places and known archeological sites within the proposed permit and adjacent areas.
            (1) The description shall be based on all available information, including, but not limited to, information from the State Historic Preservation Officer and local archeological, historical, and cultural preservation groups.
            (2) The regulatory authority may require the applicant to identify and evaluate important historic and archeological resources that may be eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places, through the—
            (i) Collection of additional information,
            (ii) Conduct of field investigations, or
            (iii) Other appropriate analyses.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 52 FR 4262, Feb. 10, 1987; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.18
            Climatological information.
            (a) When requested by the regulatory authority, the application shall contain a statement of the climatological factors that are representative of the proposed permit area, including—
            (1) The average seasonal precipitation;
            (2) The average direction and velocity of prevailing winds; and
            (3) Seasonal temperature ranges.
            (b) The regulatory authority may request such additional data as deemed necessary to ensure compliance with the requirements of this subchapter.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.19
            Vegetation information.
            (a) The permit application shall, if required by the regulatory authority, contain a map that delineates existing vegetative types and a description of the plant communities within the area affected by surface operations and facilities and within any proposed reference area. This description shall include information adequate to predict the potential for reestablishing vegetation.
            (b) When a map or aerial photograph is required, sufficient adjacent areas shall be included to allow evaluation of vegetation as important habitat for fish and wildlife for those species of fish and wildlife identified under 30 CFR 784.21.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 52 FR 47359, Dec. 11, 1987; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.20
            [Reserved]

            § 783.21
            Soil resources information.
            (a) The applicant shall provide adequate soil survey information on those portions of the permit area to be affected by surface operations or facilities consisting of the following:
            (1) A map delineating different soils;
            (2) Soil identification;

            (3) Soil description; and
            (4) Present and potential productivity of existing soils.
            (b) Where the applicant proposes to use selected overburden materials as a supplement or substitute for topsoil, the application shall provide results of the analyses, trials and tests required under 30 CFR 817.22.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

              Editorial Note:
              For a document suspending § 783.21 in part, see 45 FR 51548, Aug. 4, 1980.

            § 783.24
            Maps: General requirements.
            The permit application shall include maps showing:
            (a) All boundaries of lands and names of present owners of record of those lands, both surface and sub-surface, included in or contiguous to the permit area;
            (b) The boundaries of land within the proposed permit area upon which the applicant has the legal right to enter and begin underground mining activities;
            (c) The boundaries of all areas proposed to be affected over the estimated total life of the underground mining activities, with a description of size, sequence and timing of the mining of sub-areas for which it is anticipated that additional permits will be sought;
            (d) The location of all buildings in and within 1000 feet of the proposed permit area, with identification of the current use of the buildings;
            (e) The location of surface and sub-surface man-made features within, passing through, or passing over the proposed permit area, including, but not limited to, major electric transmission lines, pipelines, and agricultural drainage tile fields;
            (f) The location and boundaries of any proposed reference areas for determining the success of revegetation;
            (g) The locations of water supply intakes for current users of surface waters flowing into, out of, and within a hydrologic area defined by the regulatory authority, and those surface waters which will receive discharges from affected areas in the proposed permit area;
            (h) Each public road located in or within 100 feet of the proposed permit area;
            (i) The boundaries of any public park and locations of any cultural or historical resources listed or eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places and known archeological sites within the permit and adjacent areas.
            (j) Each cemetery that is located in or within 100 feet of the proposed permit area.
            (k) Any land within the proposed permit area which is within the boundaries of any units of the National System of Trails or the Wild and Scenic Rivers System, including study rivers designated under section 5(a) of the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act; and
            (l) Other relevant information required by the regulatory authority.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49685, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 52 FR 4263, Feb. 10, 1987; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 783.25
            Cross sections, maps, and plans.
            (a) The application shall include cross sections, maps, and plans showing—
            (1) Elevations and locations of test borings and core samplings;
            (2) Elevations and locations of monitoring stations used to gather data on water quality and quantity, fish and wildlife, and air quality, if required, in preparation of the application.
            (3) Nature, depth, and thickness of the coal seams to be mined, any coal or rider seams above the seam to be mined, each stratum of the overburden, and the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined;
            (4) All coal crop lines and the strike and dip of the coal to be mined within the proposed permit area;
            (5) Location and extent of known workings of active, inactive, or abandoned underground mines, including mine openings to the surface within the proposed permit and adjacent areas;

            (6) Location and extent of sub-surface water, if encountered, within the proposed permit or adjacent areas, including, but not limited to areal and vertical distribution of aquifers, and portrayal of seasonal differences of head in different aquifers on cross-sections and contour maps;
            (7) Location of surface water bodies such as streams, lakes, ponds, springs, constructed or natural drains, and irrigation ditches within the proposed permit and adjacent areas;
            (8) Location and extent of existing or previously surface-mined areas within the proposed permit area;
            (9) Location and dimensions of existing areas of spoil, waste, coal development waste, and non-coal waste disposal, dams, embankments, other impoundments, and water treatment and air pollution control facilities within the proposed permit area;
            (10) Location, and depth if available, of gas and oil wells within the proposed permit area and water wells in the permit area and adjacent areas;
            (b) Cross-sections, maps and plans included in a permit application as required by this section shall be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, a professional geologist, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such cross sections, maps and plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor, with assistance from experts in related fields such as landscape architecture, and shall be updated as required by the regulatory authority.
            [44 FR 15363, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 50 FR 16199, Apr. 24, 1985; 59 FR 27937, May 27, 1994; 81 FR 93330, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54956, Nov. 17, 2017]

              Editorial Note:
              For a document suspending § 783.25(a)(3), (a)(8) and (a)(9) (previously § 783.25(c), (h), and (i)), see 45 FR 51548, Aug. 4, 1980.

          Pt. 784
          PART 784—UNDERGROUND MINING PERMIT APPLICATIONS—MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS FOR RECLAMATION AND OPERATION PLAN

            Sec.
            784.1
            Scope.
            784.2
            Objectives.
            784.4
            Responsibilities.
            784.10
            Information collection.
            784.11
            Operation plan: General requirements.
            784.12
            Operation plan: Existing structures.
            784.13
            Reclamation plan: General requirements.
            784.14
            Hydrologic information.
            784.15
            Reclamation plan: Land use information.
            784.16
            Reclamation plan: Siltation structures, impoundments, banks, dams, and embankments.
            784.17
            Protection of publicly owned parks and historic places.
            784.18
            Relocation or use of public roads.
            784.19
            Underground development waste.
            784.20
            Subsidence control plan.
            784.21
            Fish and wildlife information.
            784.22
            Geologic information.
            784.23
            Operation plan: Maps and plans.
            784.24
            Road systems.
            784.25
            Return of coal processing waste to abandoned underground workings.
            784.26
            Air pollution control plan.
            784.29
            Diversions.
            784.30
            Support facilities.
            784.200
            Interpretive rules related to General Performance Standards.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. and 16 U.S.C. 470 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 784 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 784.1
            Scope.
            This part provides the minimum requirements for the Secretary's approval of regulatory program provisions for the mining operations and reclamation plans portions of applications for permits for underground mining activities, except to the extent that different requirements for those plans are established under 30 CFR part 785.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.2
            Objectives.

            The objectives of this part are to ensure that the regulatory authority is provided with comprehensive and reliable information on proposed underground mining activities, and to ensure that those activities are allowed to be conducted only in compliance with the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) It is the responsibility of the applicant to provide to the regulatory authority all of the information required by this part, except where specifically exempted in this part.
            (b) It is the responsibility of State and Federal governmental agencies to provide information to the regulatory authority where specifically required in this part.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.10
            Information collection.

            (a) The collections of information contained in part 784 have been approved by Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0039. The information will be used to meet the requirements of 30 U.S.C. 1211(b), 1251, 1257, 1258, 1266, and 1309a. The obligation to respond is required to obtain a benefit.
            (b) Public reporting burden for this information is estimated to average 513 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
            [79 FR 76229, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.11
            Operation plan: General requirements.
            Each application shall contain a description of the mining operations proposed to be conducted during the life of the mine within the proposed permit area, including, at a minimum, the following:
            (a) A narrative description of the type and method of coal mining procedures and proposed engineering techniques, anticipated annual and total production of coal, by tonnage, and the major equipment to be used for all aspects of those operations; and
            (b) A narrative explaining the construction, modification, use, maintenance, and removal of the following facilities (unless retention of such facility is necessary for postmining land use as specified in § 817.133):
            (1) Dams, embankments, and other impoundments;
            (2) Overburden and topsoil handling and storage areas and structures;
            (3) Coal removal, handling, storage, cleaning, and transportation areas and structures;
            (4) Spoil, coal processing waste, mine development waste, and non-coal waste removal, handling, storage, transportation, and disposal areas and structures;
            (5) Mine facilities; and
            (6) Water pollution control facilities.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.12
            Operation plan: Existing structures.
            (a) Each application shall contain a description of each existing structure proposed to be used in connection with or to facilitate the surface coal mining and reclamation operation. The description shall include:
            (1) Location;
            (2) Plans of the structure which describe its current condition;
            (3) Approximate dates on which construction of the existing structure was begun and completed; and
            (4) A showing, including relevant monitoring data or other evidence, whether the structure meets the performance standards of subchapter K (Permanent Program Standards) of this chapter or, if the structure does not meet the performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter, a showing whether the structure meets the performance standards of subchapter B (Interim Program Standards) of this chapter.

            (b) Each application shall contain a compliance plan for each existing structure proposed to be modified or reconstructed for use in connection with or to facilitate the surface coal mining and reclamation operation. The compliance plan shall include—

            (1) Design specifications for the modification or reconstruction of the structure to meet the design and performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter;
            (2) A construction schedule which shows dates for beginning and completing interim steps and final reconstruction;
            (3) Provisions for monitoring the structure during and after modification or reconstruction to ensure that the performance standards of subchapter K of this chapter are met; and
            (4) A showing that the risk of harm to the environment or to public health or safety is not significant during the period of modification or reconstruction.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.13
            Reclamation plan: General requirements.
            (a) Each application shall contain a plan for the reclamation of the lands within the proposed permit area, showing how the applicant will comply with sections 515 and 516 of the Act, subchapter K of this chapter, and the environmental protection performance standards of the regulatory program. The plan shall include, at a minimum, all information required under 30 CFR 784.13 through 784.26.
            (b) Each plan shall contain the following information for the proposed permit area;
            (1) A detailed timetable for the completion of each major step in the reclamation plan;
            (2) A detailed estimate of the cost of the reclamation of the proposed operations required to be covered by a performance bond under subchapter J of this chapter, with supporting calculations for the estimates;
            (3) A plan for backfilling, soil stabilization, compacting and grading, with contour maps or cross sections that show the anticipated final surface configuration of the proposed permit area, in accordance with 30 CFR 817.102 through 817.107;
            (4) A plan for removal, storage, and redistribution of topsoil, subsoil, and other material to meet the requirements of § 817.22 of this chapter. A demonstration of the suitability of topsoil substitutes or supplements under § 817.22(b) of this chapter shall be based upon analysis of the thickness of soil horizons, total depth, texture, percent coarse fragments, pH, and areal extent of the different kinds of soils. The regulatory authority may require other chemical and physical analyses, field-site trials, or greenhouse tests if determined to be necessary or desirable to demonstrate the suitability of the topsoil substitutes or supplements.
            (5) A plan for revegetation as required in 30 CFR 817.111 through 817.116, including, but not limited to, descriptions of the—
            (i) Schedule of revegetation;
            (ii) Species and amounts per acre of seeds and seedlings to be used;
            (iii) Methods to be used in planting and seeding;
            (iv) Mulching techniques;
            (v) Irrigation, if appropriate, and pest and disease control measures, if any;
            (vi) Measures proposed to be used to determine the success of revegetation as required in 30 CFR 817.116; and,
            (vii) A soil testing plan for evaluation of the results of topsoil handling and reclamation procedures related to revegetation.
            (6) A description of the measures to be used to maximize the use and conservation of the coal resource as required in 30 CFR 817.59;
            (7) A description of measures to be employed to ensure that all debris, acid-forming and toxic-forming materials, and materials constituting a fire hazard are disposed of in accordance with 30 CFR 817.89 and 817.102 and a description of the contingency plans which have been developed to preclude sustained combustion of such materials;
            (8) A description, including appropriate cross sections and maps, of the measures to be used to seal or manage mine openings, and to plug, case or manage exploration holes, other bore holes, wells and other openings within the proposed permit area, in accordance with 30 CFR 817.13-817.15; and

            (9) A description of steps to be taken to comply with the requirements of the Clean Air Act (42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.), the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1251 et seq.), and other applicable air and water quality laws and regulations and health and safety standards.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49686, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 22100, May 16, 1983; 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.14
            Hydrologic information.
            (a) Sampling and analysis. All water quality analyses performed to meet the requirements of this section shall be conducted according to the methodology in the 15th edition of “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,” which is incorporated by reference, or the methodology in 40 CFR parts 136 and 434. Water quality sampling performed to meet the requirements of this section shall be conducted according to either methodology listed above when feasible. “Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater,” is a joint publication of the American Public Health Association, the American Water Works Association, and the Water Pollution Control Federation and is available from the American Public Health Association, 1015 Fifteenth Street NW., Washington, DC 20036. This document is also available for inspection at the Office of the OSM Administrative Record, U.S. Department of the Interior, Room 5315, 1100 L Street NW., Washington, DC; at the OSM Eastern Technical Service Center, U.S. Department of the Interior, Building 10, Parkway Center, Pittsburgh, Pa.; at the OSM Western Technical Service Center, U.S. Department of the Interior, Brooks Tower, 1020 15th Street, Denver, Colo or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register on October 26, 1983. This document is incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in it will be published in the Federal Register.

            (b) Baseline information. The application shall include the following baseline hydrologic information, and any additional information required by the regulatory authority.
            (1) Ground-water information. The location and ownership for the permit and adjacent areas of existing wells, springs, and other ground-water resources, seasonal quality and quantity of ground water, and usage. Water quality descriptions shall include, at a minimum, total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, pH, total iron, and total manganese. Ground-water quantity descriptions shall include, at a minimum, approximate rates of discharge or usage and depth to the water in the coal seam, and each water-bearing stratum above and potentially impacted stratum below the coal seam.
            (2) Surface-water information. The name, location, ownership and description of all surface-water bodies such as streams, lakes, and impoundments, the location of any discharge into any surface-water body in the proposed permit and adjacent areas, and information on surface-water quality and quantity sufficient to demonstrate seasonal variation and water usage. Water quality descriptions shall include, at a minimum, baseline information on total suspended solids, total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, pH, total iron, and total manganese. Baseline acidity and alkalinity information shall be provided if there is a potential for acid drainage from the proposed mining operation. Water quantity descriptions shall include, at a minimum, baseline information on seasonal flow rates.
            (3) Supplemental information. If the determination of the probable hydrologic consequences (PHC) required by paragraph (e) of this section indicates that adverse impacts on or off the proposed permit area may occur to the hydrologic balance, or that acid-forming or toxic-forming material is present that may result in the contamination of ground-water or surface-water supplies, then information supplemental to that required under paragraphs (b) (1) and (2) of this section shall be provided to evaluate such probable hydrologic consequences and to plan remedial and reclamation activities. Such supplemental information may be based upon drilling, aquifer tests, hydrogeologic analysis of the water-bearing strata, flood flows, or analysis of other water quality or quantity characteristics.
            (c) Baseline cumulative impact area information. (1) Hydrologic and geologic information for the cumulative impact area necessary to assess the probable cumulative hydrologic impacts of the proposed operation and all anticipated mining on surface- and ground-water systems as required by paragraph (f) of this section shall be provided to the regulatory authority if available from appropriate Federal or State agencies.
            (2) If this information is not available from such agencies, then the applicant may gather and submit this information to the regulatory authority as part of the permit application.
            (3) The permit shall not be approved until the necessary hydrologic and geologic information is available to the regulatory authority.
            (d) Modeling. The use of modeling techniques, interpolation or statistical techniques may be included as part of the permit application, but actual surface- and ground-water information may be required by the regulatory authority for each site even when such techniques are used.
            (e) Probable hydrologic consequences determination. (1) The application shall contain a determination of the probable hydrologic consequences (PHC) of the proposed operation upon the quality and quantity of surface and ground water under seasonal flow conditions for the proposed permit and adjacent areas.
            (2) The PHC determination shall be based on baseline hydrologic, geologic, and other information collected for the permit application and may include data statistically representative of the site.
            (3) The PHC determination shall include findings on:
            (i) Whether adverse impacts may occur to the hydrologic balance;
            (ii) Whether acid-forming or toxic-forming materials are present that could result in the contamination of surface or ground water supplies;
            (iii) What impact the proposed operation will have on:
            (A) Sediment yield from the disturbed area; (B) acidity, total suspended and dissolved solids, and other important water quality parameters of local impact; (C) flooding or streamflow alteration; (D) ground water and surface water availability; and (E) other characteristics as required by the regulatory authority;
            (iv) Whether the underground mining activities conducted after October 24, 1992 may result in contamination, diminution or interruption of a well or spring in existence at the time the permit application is submitted and used for domestic, drinking, or residential purposes within the permit or adjacent areas.
            (4) An application for a permit revision shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority to determine whether a new or updated PHC shall be required.
            (f) Cumulative hydrologic impact assessment. (1) The regulatory authority shall provide an assessment of the probable cumulative hydrologic impacts (CHIA) of the proposed operation and all anticipated mining upon surface- and ground-water systems in the cumulative impact area. The CHIA shall be sufficient to determine, for purposes of permit approval, whether the proposed operation has been designed to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area. The regulatory authority may allow the applicant to submit data and analyses relevant to the CHIA with the permit application.
            (2) An application for a permit revision shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority to determine whether a new or updated CHIA shall be required.
            (g) Hydrologic reclamation plan. The application shall include a plan, with maps and descriptions, indicating how the relevant requirements of part 817 of this chapter, including §§ 817.41 to 817.43, will be met. The plan shall be specific to the local hydrologic conditions. It shall contain the steps to be taken during mining and reclamation through bond release to minimize disturbance to the hydrologic balance within the permit and adjacent areas; to prevent material damage outside the permit area; and to meet applicable Federal and State water quality laws and regulations. The plan shall include the measures to be taken to: avoid acid or toxic drainage; prevent, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow; provide water treatment facilities when needed; and control drainage. The plan shall specifically address any potential adverse hydrologic consequences identified in the PHC determination prepared under paragraph (e) of this section and shall include preventive and remedial measures.
            (h) Ground-water monitoring plan. (1) The application shall include a ground-water monitoring plan based upon the PHC determination required under paragraph (e) of this section and the analysis of all baseline hydrologic, geologic and other information in the permit application. The plan shall provide for the monitoring of parameters that relate to the suitability of the ground water for current and approved postmining land uses and to the objectives for protection of the hydrologic balance set forth in paragraph (g) of this section. It shall identify the quantity and quality parameters to be monitored, sampling frequency and site locations. It shall describe how the data may be used to determine the impacts of the operation upon the hydrologic balance. At a minimum, total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected to 25 °C, pH, total iron, total manganese, and water levels shall be monitored and data submitted to the regulatory authority at least every 3 months for each monitoring location. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring.
            (2) If an applicant can demonstrate by the use of the PHC determination and other available information that a particular water-bearing stratum in the proposed permit and adjacent areas is not one which serves as an aquifer which significantly ensures the hydrologic balance within the cumulative impact area, then monitoring of that stratum may be waived by the regulatory authority.
            (i) Surface-water monitoring plan. (1) The application shall include a surface-water monitoring plan based upon the PHC determination required under paragraph (e) of this section and the analysis of all baseline hydrologic, geologic and other information in the permit application. The plan shall provide for the monitoring of parameters that relate to the suitability of the surface water for current and approved postmining land uses and to the objectives for protection of the hydrologic balance as set forth in paragraph (g) of this section as well as the effluent limitations found at 40 CFR part 434.
            (2) The plan shall identify the surface-water quantity and quality parameters to be monitored, sampling frequency and site locations. It shall describe how the data may be used to determine the impacts of the operation upon the hydrologic balance.
            (i) At all monitoring locations in streams, lakes, and impoundments, that are potentially impacted or into which water will be discharged and at upstream monitoring locations, the total dissolved solids or specific conductance corrected at 25 °C, total suspended solids, pH, total iron, total manganese, and flow shall be monitored.
            (ii) For point-source discharges, monitoring shall be conducted in accordance with 40 CFR parts 122, 123 and 434 and as required by the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permitting authority.
            (3) The monitoring reports shall be submitted to the regulatory authority every 3 months. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring.
            [48 FR 43987, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 45923, Dec. 2, 1987; 53 FR 36401, Sept. 19, 1988; 60 FR 16748, Mar. 31, 1995; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.15
            Reclamation plan: Land use information.
            (a) The plan shall contain a statement of the condition, capability, and productivity of the land within the proposed permit area, including:

            (1) A map and supporting narrative of the uses of the land existing at the time of the filing of the application. If the premining use of the land was changed within 5 years before the anticipated date of beginning the proposed operations, the historic use of the land shall also be described. In the case of previously mined land, the use of the land prior to any mining shall also be described to the extent such information is available.
            (2) A narrative of land capability and productivity, which analyzes the land-use description under paragraph (a) of this section in conjunction with other environmental resources information. The narrative shall provide analyses of:
            (i) The capability of the land before any mining to support a variety of uses, giving consideration to soil and foundation characteristics, topography, vegetative cover, and the hydrology of the proposed permit area; and
            (ii) The productivity of the proposed permit area before mining, expressed as average yield of food, fiber, forage, or wood products from such lands obtained under high levels of management. The productivity shall be determined by yield data or estimates for similar sites based on current data from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, State agricultural universities, or appropriate State natural resource or agricultural agencies.
            (b) Each plan shall contain a detailed description of the proposed use, following reclamation, of the land within the proposed permit area including a discussion of the utility and capacity of the reclaimed land to support a variety of alternative uses, and the relationship of the proposed use to existing land use policies and plans. This description shall explain:
            (1) How the proposed postmining land use is to be achieved and the necessary support activities which may be needed to achieve the proposed land use; and
            (2) Where a land use different from the premining land use is proposed, all materials needed for approval of the alternative use under 30 CFR 817.133.
            (3) The consideration which has been given to making all of the proposed surface mining activities consistent with surface owner plans and applicable State and local land use plans and programs.
            (c) The description shall be accompanied by a copy of the comments concerning the proposed use by the legal or equitable owner of record of the surface of the proposed permit area and the State and local government agencies which would have to initiate, implement, approve, or authorize the proposed use of the land following reclamation.
            [59 FR 27937, May 27, 1994, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.16
            Reclamation plan: Siltation structures, impoundments, banks, dams, and embankments.
            (a) General. Each application shall include a general plan and a detailed design plan for each proposed siltation structure, water impoundment, and coal processing waste bank, dam, or embankment within the proposed permit area.
            (1) Each general plan shall—
            (i) Be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, a professional geologist, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor with assistance from experts in related fields such as landscape architecture;
            (ii) Contain a description, map, and cross section of the structure and its location;
            (iii) Contain preliminary hydrologic and geologic information required to assess the hydrologic impact of the structure;
            (iv) Contain a survey describing the potential effect on the structure from subsidence of the subsurface strata resulting from past underground mining operations if underground mining has occurred; and
            (v) Contain a certification statement which includes a schedule setting forth the dates when any detailed design plans for structures that are not submitted with the general plan will be submitted to the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority shall have approved, in writing, the detailed design plan for a structure before construction of the structure begins.

            (2) Impoundments meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Technical Release No. 60 (210-VI-TR60, Oct. 1985), “Earth Dams and Reservoirs,” Technical Release No. 60 (TR-60) shall comply with the requirements of this section for structures that meet or exceed the size or other criteria of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). The technical release is hereby incorporated by reference. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. TR-60 may be viewed or downloaded from OSM's Web site at http://www.osmre.gov/programs/TDT/damsafety.shtm. It also is available for inspection at the OSM Headquarters Office, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, Room 252, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW., Washington, DC or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Each detailed design plan for a structure that meets or exceeds the size or other criteria of MSHA, § 77.216(a) of this chapter shall:
            (i) Be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer with assistance from experts in related fields such as geology, land surveying, and landscape architecture;
            (ii) Include any geotechnical investigation, design, and construction requirements for the structure;
            (iii) Describe the operation and maintenance requirements for each structure; and
            (iv) Describe the timetable and plans to remove each structure, if appropriate.
            (3) Each detailed design plan for structures not included in paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall:
            (i) Be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor, except that all coal processing waste dams and embankments covered by §§ 817.81 through 817.84 of this chapter shall be certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer;
            (ii) Include any design and construction requirements for the structure, including any required geotechnical information;
            (iii) Describe the operation and maintenance requirements for each structure; and
            (iv) Describe the timetable and plans to remove each structure, if appropriate.
            (b) Siltation structures. Siltation structures shall be designed in compliance with the requirements of § 817.46 of this chapter.
            (c) Permanent and temporary impoundments. (1) Permanent and temporary impoundments shall be designed to comply with the requirements of § 817.49 of this chapter.
            (2) Each plan for an impoundment meeting the size of other criteria of the Mine Safety and Health Administration shall comply with the requirements of §§ 77.216-1 and 77.216-2 of this title. The plan required to be submitted to the District Manager of MSHA under § 77.216 of this title shall be submitted to the regulatory authority as part of the permit application in accordance with paragraph (a) of this section.
            (3) For impoundments not included in paragraph (a)(2) of this section the regulatory authority may establish through the State program approval process engineering design standards that ensure stability comparable to a 1.3 minimum static safety factor in lieu of engineering tests to establish compliance with the minimum static safety factor of 1.3 specified in § 817.49(a)(4)(ii) of this chapter.
            (d) Coal processing waste banks. Coal processing waste banks shall be designed to comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 817.81 through 817.84.
            (e) Coal processing waste dams and embankments. Coal processing waste dams and embankments shall be designed to comply with the requirements of 30 CFR 817.81 through 817.84. Each plan shall comply with the requirements of the Mine Safety and Health Administration, 30 CFR 77.216-1 and 77.216-2, and shall contain the results of a geotechnical investigation of the proposed dam or embankment foundation area, to determine the structural competence of the foundation which will support the proposed dam or embankment structure and the impounded material. The geotechnical investigation shall be planned and supervised by an engineer or engineering geologist, according to the following:
            (1) The number, location, and depth of borings and test pits shall be determined using current prudent engineering practice for the size of the dam or embankment, quantity of material to be impounded, and subsurface conditions.
            (2) The character of the overburden and bedrock, the proposed abutment sites, and any adverse geotechnical conditions which may affect the particular dam, embankment, or reservoir site shall be considered.
            (3) All springs, seepage, and ground water flow observed or anticipated during wet periods in the area of the proposed dam or embankment shall be identified on each plan.
            (4) Consideration shall be given to the possibility of mudflows, rock-debris falls, or other landslides into the dam, embankment, or impounded material.
            (f) If the structure meets the Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60 or meets the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this chapter, each plan under paragraphs (b), (c), and (e) of this section shall include a stability analysis of the structure. The stability analysis shall include, but not be limited to, strength parameters, pore pressures, and long-term seepage conditions. The plan shall also contain a description of each engineering design assumption and calculation with a discussion of each alternative considered in selecting the specific design parameters and construction methods.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 50 FR 16199, Apr. 24, 1985; 53 FR 43605, Oct. 27, 1988; 53 FR 48614, Dec. 1, 1988; 59 FR 52028, Oct. 20, 1994; 73 FR 75879, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76230, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.17
            Protection of publicly owned parks and historic places.
            (a) For any publicly owned parks or any places listed on the National Register of Historic Places that may be adversely affected by the proposed operation, each plan shall describe the measures to be used.
            (1) To prevent adverse impacts, or
            (2) If a person has valid existing rights, as determined under § 761.16 of this chapter, or if joint agency approval is to be obtained under § 761.17(d) of this chapter, to minimize adverse impacts.
            (b) The regulatory authority may require the applicant to protect historic and archeological properties listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places through appropriate mitigation and treatment measures. Appropriate mitigation and treatment measures may be required to be taken after permit issuance provided that the required measures are completed before the properties are affected by any mining operation.
            [52 FR 4263, Feb. 10, 1987, as amended at 64 FR 70838, Dec. 17, 1999; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.18
            Relocation or use of public roads.
            Each application shall describe, with appropriate maps and cross sections, the measures to be used to ensure that the interests of the public and landowners affected are protected if, under § 761.14 of this chapter, the applicant seeks to have the regulatory authority approve—
            (a) Conducting the proposed surface coal mining operations within 100 feet of the right-of-way line of any public road, except where mine access or haul roads join that right-of-way; or
            (b) Relocating a public road.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 64 FR 70838, Dec. 17, 1999; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.19
            Underground development waste.

            Each plan shall contain descriptions, including appropriate maps and cross section drawings of the proposed disposal methods and sites for placing underground development waste and excess spoil generated at surface areas affected by surface operations and facilities, according to 30 CFR 817.71 through 817.74. Each plan shall describe the geotechnical investigation, design, construction, operation, maintenance and removal, if appropriate, of the structures and be prepared according to 30 CFR 780.35.
            [79 FR 76230, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.20
            Subsidence control plan.
            (a) Pre-subsidence survey. Each application must include:
            (1) A map of the permit and adjacent areas at a scale of 1:12,000, or larger if determined necessary by the regulatory authority, showing the location and type of structures and renewable resource lands that subsidence may materially damage or for which the value or reasonably foreseeable use may be diminished by subsidence, and showing the location and type of drinking, domestic, and residential water supplies that could be contaminated, diminished, or interrupted by subsidence.
            (2) A narrative indicating whether subsidence, if it occurred, could cause material damage to or diminish the value or reasonably foreseeable use of such structures or renewable resource lands or could contaminate, diminish, or interrupt drinking, domestic, or residential water supplies.
            (3) A survey of the condition of all non-commercial buildings or occupied residential dwellings and structures related thereto, that may be materially damaged or for which the reasonably foreseeable use may be diminished by subsidence, within the area encompassed by the applicable angle of draw; as well as a survey of the quantity and quality of all drinking, domestic, and residential water supplies within the permit area and adjacent area that could be contaminated, diminished, or interrupted by subsidence. If the applicant cannot make this survey because the owner will not allow access to the site, the applicant will notify the owner, in writing, of the effect that denial of access will have as described in § 817.121(c)(4) of this chapter. The applicant must pay for any technical assessment or engineering evaluation used to determine the pre-mining condition or value of such non-commercial buildings or occupied residential dwellings and structures related thereto and the quantity and quality of drinking, domestic, or residential water supplies. The applicant must provide copies of the survey and any technical assessment or engineering evaluation to the property owner and regulatory authority. However, the requirements to perform a survey of the condition of all noncommercial buildings or occupied residential dwellings and structures related thereto, that may be materially damaged or for which the reasonably foreseeable use may be diminished by subsidence, within the areas encompassed by the applicable angle of draw is suspended per court order.
            (b) Subsidence control plan. If the survey conducted under paragraph (a) of this section shows that no structures, or drinking, domestic, or residential water supplies, or renewable resource lands exist, or that no material damage or diminution in value or reasonably foreseeable use of such structures or lands, and no contamination, diminution, or interruption of such water supplies would occur as a result of mine subsidence, and if the regulatory authority agrees with this conclusion, no further information need be provided under this section. If the survey shows that structures, renewable resource lands, or water supplies exist and that subsidence could cause material damage or diminution in value or reasonably foreseeable use, or contamination, diminution, or interruption of protected water supplies, or if the regulatory authority determines that damage, diminution in value or foreseeable use, or contamination, diminution, or interruption could occur, the application must include a subsidence control plan that contains the following information:
            (1) A description of the method of coal removal, such as longwall mining, room-and-pillar removal or hydraulic mining, including the size, sequence and timing of the development of underground workings;

            (2) A map of the underground workings that describes the location and extent of the areas in which planned-subsidence mining methods will be used and that identifies all areas where the measures described in paragraphs (b)(4), (b)(5), and (b)(7) of this section will be taken to prevent or minimize subsidence and subsidence-related damage; and, when applicable, to correct subsidence-related material damage;
            (3) A description of the physical conditions, such as depth of cover, seam thickness and lithology of overlaying strata, that affect the likelihood or extent of subsidence and subsidence-related damage;
            (4) A description of the monitoring, if any, needed to determine the commencement and degree of subsidence so that, when appropriate, other measures can be taken to prevent, reduce or correct material damage in accordance with § 817.121(c) of this chapter;
            (5) Except for those areas where planned subsidence is projected to be used, a detailed description of the subsidence control measures that will be taken to prevent or minimize subsidence and subsidence-related damage, such as, but not limited to:
            (i) Backstowing or backfilling of voids;
            (ii) Leaving support pillars of coal;
            (iii) Leaving areas in which no coal is removed, including a description of the overlying area to be protected by leaving coal in place; and
            (iv) Taking measures on the surface to prevent or minimize material damage or diminution in value of the surface;
            (6) A description of the anticipated effects of planned subsidence, if any;
            (7) For those areas where planned subsidence is projected to be used, a description of methods to be employed to minimize damage from planned subsidence to non-commercial buildings and occupied residential dwellings and structures related thereto; or the written consent of the owner of the structure or facility that minimization measures not be taken; or, unless the anticipated damage would constitute a threat to health or safety, a demonstration that the costs of minimizing damage exceed the anticipated costs of repair;
            (8) A description of the measures to be taken in accordance with §§ 817.41(j) and 817.121(c) of this chapter to replace adversely affected protected water supplies or to mitigate or remedy any subsidence-related material damage to the land and protected structures; and
            (9) Other information specified by the regulatory authority as necessary to demonstrate that the operation will be conducted in accordance with § 817.121 of this chapter.
            [60 FR 16748, Mar. 31, 1995, as amended at 64 FR 71653, Dec. 17, 1999; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.21
            Fish and wildlife information.
            (a) Resource information. Each application shall include fish and wildlife resource information for the permit area and adjacent area.
            (1) The scope and level of detail for such information shall be determined by the regulatory authority in consultation with State and Federal agencies with responsibilities for fish and wildlife and shall be sufficient to design the protection and enhancement plan required under paragraph (b) of this section.
            (2) Site-specific resource information necessary to address the respective species or habitats shall be required when the permit area or adjacent area is likely to include:

            (i) Listed or proposed endangered or threatened species of plants or animals or their critical habitats listed by the Secretary under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.), or those species or habitats protected by similar State statutes;
            (ii) Habitats of unusually high value for fish and wildlife such as important streams, wetlands, riparian areas, cliffs supporting raptors, areas offering special shelter or protection, migration routes, or reproduction and wintering areas; or
            (iii) Other species or habitats identified through agency consultation as requiring special protection under State or Federal law.
            (b) Protection and enhancement plan. Each application shall include a description of how, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, the operator will minimize disturbances and adverse impacts on fish and wildlife and related environmental values, including compliance with the Endangered Species Act, during the surface coal mining and reclamation operations and how enhancement of these resources will be achieved where practicable. This description shall—
            (1) Be consistent with the requirements of § 817.97 of this chapter;
            (2) Apply, at a minimum, to species and habitats identified under paragraph (a) of this section; and
            (3) Include—
            (i) Protective measures that will be used during the active mining phase of operation. Such measures may include the establishment of buffer zones, the selective location and special design of haul roads and powerlines, and the monitoring of surface water quality and quantity; and
            (ii) Enchancement measures that will be used during the reclamation and postmining phase of operation to develop aquatic and terrestrial habitat. Such measures may include restoration of streams and other wetlands, retention of ponds and impoundments, establishment of vegetation for wildlife food and cover, and the placement of perches and nest boxes. Where the plan does not include enhancement measures, a statement shall be given explaining why enhancement is not practicable.
            (c) Fish and Wildlife Service review. Upon request, the regulatory authority shall provide the resource information required under paragraph (a) of this section and the protection and enhancement plan required under paragraph (b) of this section to the U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Regional or Field Office for their review. This information shall be provided within 10 days of receipt of the request from the Service.
            [52 FR 47359, Dec. 11, 1987, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.22
            Geologic information.
            (a) General. Each application shall include geologic information in sufficient detail to assist in—
            (1) Determining the probable hydrologic consequences of the operation upon the quality and quantity of surface and ground water in the permit and adjacent areas, including the extent to which surface- and ground-water monitoring is necessary;
            (2) Determining all potentially acid- or toxic-forming strata down to and including the stratum immediately below the coal seam to be mined;
            (3) Determining whether reclamation as required by this chapter can be accomplished and whether the proposed operation has been designed to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area; and
            (4) Preparing the subsidence control plan under § 784.20.
            (b) Geologic information shall include, at a minimum, the following:
            (1) A description of the geology of the proposed permit and adjacent areas down to and including the deeper of either the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined or any aquifer below the lowest coal seam to be mined which may be adversely impacted by mining. This description shall include the areal and structural geology of the permit and adjacent areas, and other parameters which influence the required reclamation and it shall also show how the areal and structural geology may affect the occurrence, availability, movement, quantity and quality of potentially impacted surface and ground water. It shall be based on—
            (i) The cross sections, maps, and plans required by § 783.25 of this chapter;
            (ii) The information obtained under paragraphs (b)(2), (b)(3), and (c) of this section; and
            (iii) Geologic literature and practices.
            (2) For any portion of a permit area in which the strata down to the coal seam to be mined will be removed or are already exposed, samples shall be collected and analyzed from test borings; drill cores; or fresh, unweathered, uncontaminated samples from rock outcrops down to and including the deeper of either the stratum immediately below the lowest coal seam to be mined or any aquifer below the lowest coal seam to be mined which may be adversely impacted by mining. The analyses shall result in the following:
            (i) Logs showing the lithologic characteristics including physical properties and thickness of each stratum and location of ground water where occurring;

            (ii) Chemical analyses identifying those strata that may contain acid- or toxic-forming, or alkalinity-producing materials and to determine their content except that the regulatory authority may find that the analysis for alkalinity-producing material is unnecessary; and
            (iii) Chemical analysis of the coal seam for acid- or toxic-forming materials, including the total sulfur and pyritic sulfur, except that the regulatory authority may find that the analysis of pyritic sulfur content is unnecessary.
            (3) For lands within the permit and adjacent areas where the strata above the coal seam to be mined will not be removed, samples shall be collected and analyzed from test borings or drill cores to provide the following data:
            (i) Logs of drill holes showing the lithologic characteristics, including physical properties and thickness of each stratum that may be impacted, and location of ground water where occurring;
            (ii) Chemical analyses for acid- or toxic-forming or alkalinity-producing materials and their content in the strata immediately above and below the coal seam to be mined;
            (iii) Chemical analyses of the coal seam for acid- or toxic-forming materials, including the total sulfur and pyritic sulfur, except that the regulatory authority may find that the analysis of pyrite sulfur content is unnecessary; and
            (iv) For standard room and pillar mining operations, the thickness and engineering properties of clays or soft rock such as clay shale, if any, in the stratum immediately above and below each coal seam to be mined.
            (c) If determined to be necessary to protect the hydrologic balance, to minimize or prevent subsidence, or to meet the performance standards of this chapter, the regulatory authority may require the collection, analysis and description of geologic information in addition to that required by paragraph (b) of this section.
            (d) An applicant may request the regulatory authority to waive in whole or in part the requirements of paragraphs (b) (2) and (3) of this section. The waiver may be granted only if the regulatory authority finds in writing that the collection and analysis of such data is unnecessary because other information having equal value or effect is available to the regulatory authority in a satisfactory form.
            [48 FR 43989, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.23
            Operation plan: Maps and plans.
            Each application shall contain maps and plans as follows:
            (a) The maps, plans and cross-sections shall show the underground mining activities to be conducted, the lands to be affected throughout the operation, and any change in a facility or feature to be caused by the proposed operations, if the facility or feature was shown under 30 CFR 783.24 and 783.25.
            (b) The following shall be shown for the proposed permit area:
            (1) Buildings, utility corridors, and facilities to be used;
            (2) The area of land to be affected within the proposed permit area, according to the sequence of mining and reclamation;
            (3) Each area of land for which a performance bond or other equivalent guarantee will be posted under subchapter J of this chapter;
            (4) Each coal storage, cleaning and loading area;
            (5) Each topsoil, spoil, coal preparation waste, underground development waste, and non-coal waste storage area;
            (6) Each water diversion, collection, conveyance, treatment, storage and discharge facility to be used;
            (7) Each source of waste and each waste disposal facility relating to coal processing or pollution control;
            (8) Each facility to be used to protect and enhance fish and wildlife related environmental values;
            (9) Each explosive storage and handling facility;
            (10) Location of each sedimentation pond, permanent water impoundment, coal processing waste bank, and coal processing waste dam and embankment, in accordance with 30 CFR 784.16 and disposal areas for underground development waste and excess spoil, in accordance with 30 CFR 784.19;

            (11) Each profile, at cross-sections specified by the regulatory authority, of the anticipated final surface configuration to be achieved for the affected areas;
            (12) Location of each water and subsidence monitoring point;
            (13) Location of each facility that will remain on the proposed permit area as a permanent feature, after the completion of underground mining activities.
            (c) Except as provided in §§ 784.16(a)(2), 784.16(a)(3), 784.19, 817.71(b), 817.73(c), 817.74(c) and 817.81(c) of this chapter, cross sections, maps and plans required under paragraphs (b)(4), (5), (6), (10) and (11) of this section shall be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified, registered, professional engineer, a professional geologist, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify such cross sections, maps and plans, a qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor, with assistance from experts in related fields such as landscape architecture.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49686, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 45 FR 51550, Aug. 4, 1980; 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 50 FR 16199, Apr. 24, 1985; 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 73 FR 75881, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76230, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.24
            Road systems.
            (a) Plans and drawings. Each applicant for an underground coal mining and reclamation permit shall submit plans and drawings for each road, as defined in § 701.5 of this chapter, to be constructed, used, or maintained within the proposed permit area. The plans and drawings shall—
            (1) Include a map, appropriate cross sections, design drawings, and specifications for road widths, gradients, surfacing materials, cuts, fill embankments, culverts, bridges, drainage ditches, low-water crossings, and drainage structures;
            (2) Contain the drawings and specifications of each proposed road that is located in the channel of an intermittent or perennial stream, as necessary for approval of the road by the regulatory authority in accordance with § 817.150(d)(1) of this chapter;
            (3) Contain the drawings and specifications for each proposed ford of perennial or intermittent streams that is used as a temporary route, as necessary for approval of the ford by the regulatory authority in accordance with § 817.151(c)(2) of this chapter;
            (4) Contain a description of measures to be taken to obtain approval of the regulatory authority for alteration or relocation of a natural stream channel under § 817.151(d)(5) of this chapter;
            (5) Contain the drawings and specifications for each low-water crossing of perennial or intermittent stream channels so that the regualtory authority can maximize the protection of the stream in accordance with § 817.151(d)(6) of this chapter; and
            (6) Describe the plans to remove and reclaim each road that would not be retained under an approved postmining land use, and the schedule for this removal and reclamation.
            (b) Primary road certification. The plans and drawings for each primary road shall be prepared by, or under the direction of, and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to certify the design of primary roads a qualified registered professional land surveyor, experienced in the design and construction of roads, as meeting the requirements of this chapter; current, prudent engineering practices; and any design criteria established by the regulatory authority.
            (c) Standard design plans. The regulatory authority may establish engineering design standards for primary roads through the State program approval process, in lieu of engineering tests, to establish compliance with the minimum static safety factor of 1.3 for all embankments specified in § 817.151(b) of this chapter.
            [53 FR 45211, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.25
            Return of coal processing waste to abandoned underground workings.

            (a) Each plan shall describe the design, operation and maintenance of any proposed coal processing waste disposal facility, including flow diagrams and any other necessary drawings and maps, for the approval of the regulatory authority and the Mine Safety and Health Administration under 30 CFR 817.81(f).
            (b) Each plan shall describe the source and quality of waste to be stowed, area to be backfilled, percent of the mine void to be filled, method of constructing underground retaining walls, influence of the backfilling operation on active underground mine operations, surface area to be supported by the backfill, and the anticipated occurrence of surface effects following backfilling.
            (c) The applicant shall describe the source of the hydraulic transport mediums, method of dewatering the placed backfill, retainment of water underground, treatment of water if released to surface streams, and the effect on the hydrologic regime.
            (d) The plan shall describe each permanent monitoring well to be located in the backfilled area, the stratum underlying the mined coal, and gradient from the backfilled area.
            (e) The requirements of paragraphs (a), (b), (c), and (d) of this section shall also apply to pneumatic backfilling operations, except where the operations are exempted by the regulatory authority from requirements specifying hydrologic monitoring.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.26
            Air pollution control plan.
            For all surface operations associated with underground mining activities, the application shall contain an air pollution control plan which includes the following:
            (a) An air quality monitoring program, if required by the regulatory authority, to provide sufficient data to evaluate the effectiveness of the fugitive dust control practices, under paragraph (b) of this section to comply with applicable Federal and State air quality standards; and
            (b) A plan for fugitive dust control practices, as required under 30 CFR 817.95.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.29
            Diversions.
            Each application shall contain descriptions, including maps and cross sections, of stream channel diversions and other diversions to be constructed within the proposed permit area to achieve compliance with § 817.43 of this chapter.
            [44 FR 15366, Mar. 13, 1979. Redesignated and amended at 48 FR 43989, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.30
            Support facilities.
            Each applicant for an underground coal mining and reclamation permit shall submit a description, plans, and drawings for each support facility to be constructed, used, or maintained within the proposed permit area. The plans and drawings shall include a map, appropriate cross sections, design drawings, and specifications sufficient to demonstrate compliance with § 817.181 of this chapter for each facility.
            [53 FR 45211, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 784.200
            Interpretive rules related to General Performance Standards.
            The following interpretation of rules promulgated in part 784 of this chapter have been adopted by the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.
            (a) Interpretation of § 784.15: Reclamation plan: Postmining land uses. (1) The requirements of § 784.15(a)(2), for approval of an alternative postmining land use, may be met by requesting approval through the permit revision procedures of § 774.13 rather than requesting such approval in the original permit application. The original permit application, however, must demonstrate that the land will be returned to its premining land use capability as required by § 817.133(a). An application for a permit revision of this type, (i) must be submitted in accordance with the filing deadlines of § 774.13, (ii) shall constitute a significant alteration from the mining operations contemplated by the original permit, and (iii) shall be subject to the requirements of 30 CFR parts 773 and 775.

            (b) [Reserved]
            [45 FR 64908, Oct. 1, 1980, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93355, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54958, Nov. 17, 2017

          Pt. 785
          PART 785—REQUIREMENTS FOR PERMITS FOR SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF MINING

            Sec.
            785.1
            Scope.
            785.2
            Objective.
            785.10
            Information collection.
            785.11
            Anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            785.12
            Special bituminous surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            785.13
            Experimental practices mining.
            785.14
            Mountaintop removal mining.
            785.15
            Steep slope mining.
            785.16
            Permits incorporating variances from approximate original contour restoration requirements for steep slope mining.
            785.17
            Prime farmlands.
            785.18
            Variances for delay in contemporaneous reclamation requirement in combined surface and underground mining activities.
            785.19
            Surface coal mining and reclamation operations on areas or adjacent to areas including alluvial valley floors in the arid and semi-arid areas west of the 100th meridian.
            785.20
            Augering.
            785.21
            Coal preparation plants not located within the permit area of a mine.
            785.22
            In situ processing activities.
            785.25
            Lands eligible for remining.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. as

            Source:
            44 FR 15370, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54965, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 785 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93379-93381, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 785.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the minimum requirements for regulatory program provisions for permits for certain categories of surface coal mining and reclamation operations. These requirements are in addition to the general permit requirements contained in this subchapter G. All of the provisions of subchapter G apply to these operations, unless otherwise specifically provided in this part.

            § 785.2
            Objective.
            The objective of this part is to ensure that permits are issued for certain categories of surface coal mining and reclamation operations only after the regulatory authority receives information that shows that these operations will be conducted according to the applicable requirements of the Act, subchapter K, and applicable regulatory programs.

            § 785.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 785 and assigned it control number 1029-0040. The information is being collected to meet the requirements of sections 507, 508, 510, 515, 701 and 711 of Public Law 95-87, which requires applicants for special types of mining activities to provide descriptions, maps, plans and data of the proposed activity. This information will be used by the regulatory authority in determining if the applicant can meet the applicable performance standards for the special type of mining activity. Persons must respond to obtain a benefit. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67630, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 81 FR 93379, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54965, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 785.11
            Anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (a) This section applies to any person who conducts or intends to conduct anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in Pennsylvania.
            (b) Each person who intends to conduct anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in Pennsylvania shall apply for and obtain a permit in accordance with the requirements of this subchapter. The following standards apply to applications for and issuance of permits:

            (1) In lieu of the requirements of 30 CFR parts 816-817, the requirements of 30 CFR part 820 shall apply.

            (2) All other requirements of this chapter including the bonding and insurance requirements of 30 CFR 800.70, except the bond limits and the period of revegetation responsibility, to the extent they are required under sections 509 or 510 of the Act, shall apply.
            (c) If the Pennsylvania anthracite permanent regulatory program in effect on August 3, 1977, is amended with respect to environmental protection performance standards, the Secretary shall issue additional regulations necessary to meet the purposes of the Act.
            [44 FR 15370, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983]

            § 785.12
            Special bituminous surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (a) This section applies to any person who conducts or intends to conduct certain special bituminous coal surface mine operations in Wyoming.
            (b) Each application for a permit for a special bituminous coal mine operation shall include, as part of the mining operations and reclamation plan, the detailed descriptions, maps and plans needed to demonstrate that the operations will comply with the requirements of the Act and 30 CFR part 825.
            (c) The regulatory authority may issue a permit for a special bituminous coal mine operation for which a complete application has been filed in accordance with this section, if it finds, in writing, that the operation will be conducted in compliance with the Act and 30 CFR part 825.
            (d) Upon amendment or revision to the Wyoming regulatory program, regulations, or decisions made thereunder, governing special bituminous coal mines, the Secretary shall issue additional regulations necessary to meet the purposes of the Act.

            § 785.13
            Experimental practices mining.
            (a) Experimental practices provide a variance from environmental protection performance standards of the Act, of subchapter K of this chapter, and the regulatory program for experimental or research purposes, or to allow an alternative postmining land use, and may be undertaken if they are approved by the regulatory authority and the Director and if they are incorporated in a permit or permit revision issued in accordance with the requirements of subchapter G of this chapter.
            (b) An application for an experimental practice shall contain descriptions, maps, plans, and data which show—
            (1) The nature of the experimental practice, including a description of the performance standards for which variances are requested, the duration of the experimental practice, and any special monitoring which will be conducted;
            (2) How use of the experimental practice encourages advances in mining and reclamation technology or allows a postmining land use for industrial, commercial, residential, or public use (including recreation facilities) on an experimental basis;
            (3) That the experimental practice—
            (i) Is potentially more, or at least as, environmentally protective, during and after mining operations, as would otherwise be required by standards promulgated under subchapter K of this chapter; and
            (ii) Will not reduce the protection afforded public health and safety below that provided by the requirements of subchapter K of this chapter; and
            (4) That the applicant will conduct monitoring of the effects of the experimental practice. The monitoring program shall ensure the collection, analysis, and reporting of reliable data that are sufficient to enable the regulatory authority and the Director to—
            (i) Evaluate the effectiveness of the experimental practice; and
            (ii) Identify, at the earliest possible time, potential risk to the environment and public health and safety which may be caused by the experimental practice during and after mining.
            (c) Applications for experimental practices shall comply with the public notice requirements of § 773.6 of this chapter.

            (d) No application for an experimental practice under this section shall be approved until the regulatory authority first finds in writing and the Director then concurs that—

            (1) The experimental practice encourages advances in mining and reclamation technology or allows a postmining land use for industrial, commercial, residential, or public use (including recreational facilities) on an experimental basis;
            (2) The experimental practice is potentially more, or at least as, environmentally protective, during and after mining operations, as would otherwise be required by standards promulgated under subchapter K of this chapter;
            (3) The mining operations approved for a particular land-use or other purpose are not larger or more numerous than necessary to determine the effectiveness and economic feasibility of the experimental practice; and
            (4) The experimental practice does not reduce the protection afforded public health and safety below that provided by standards promulgated under subchapter K of this chapter.
            (e) Experimental practices granting variances from the special environmental protection performance standards of sections 515 and 516 of the Act applicable to prime farmlands shall be approved only after consultation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service.
            (f) Each person undertaking an experimental practice shall conduct the periodic monitoring, recording and reporting program set forth in the application, and shall satisfy such additional requirements as the regulatory authority or the Director may impose to ensure protection of the public health and safety and the environment.
            (g) Each experimental practice shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority at a frequeny set forth in the approved permit, but no less frequently than every 21/2 years. After review, the regulatory authority may require such reasonable modifications of the experimental practice as are necessary to ensure that the activities fully protect the environment and the public health and safety. Copies of the decision of the regulatory authority shall be sent to the permittee and shall be subject to the provisions for administrative and judicial review of part 775 of this chapter.
            (h) Revisions or modifications to an experimental practice shall be processed in accordance with the requirements of § 774.13 of this chapter and approved by the regulatory authority. Any revisions which propose significant alterations in the experimental practice shall, at a minimum, be subject to notice, hearing, and public participation requirements of § 773.6 of this chapter and concurrence by the Director. Revisions that do not propose significant alterations in the experimental practice shall not require concurrence by the Director.
            [48 FR 9484, Mar. 4, 1983, as amended at 65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 785.14
            Mountaintop removal mining.
            (a) This section applies to any person who conducts or intends to conduct surface mining activities by mountaintop removal mining.
            (b) Mountaintop removal mining means surface mining activities, where the mining operation removes an entire coal seam or seams running through the upper fraction of a mountain, ridge, or hill, except as provided for in 30 CFR 824.11(a)(6), by removing substantially all of the overburden off the bench and creating a level plateau or a gently rolling contour, with no highwalls remaining, and capable of supporting postmining land uses in accordance with the requirements of this section.
            (c) The regulatory authority may issue a permit for mountaintop removal mining, without regard to the requirements of §§ 816.102, 816.104, 816.105, and 816.107 of this chapter to restore the lands disturbed by such mining to their approximate original contour, if it first finds, in writing, on the basis of a complete application, that the following requirements are met:
            (1) The proposed postmining land use of the lands to be affected will be an industrial, commercial, agricultural, residential, or public facility (including recreational facilities) use and, if—

            (i) After consultation with the appropriate land-use planning agencies, if any, the proposed land use is deemed by the regulatory authority to constitute an equal or better economic or public use of the affected land compared with the pre-mining use;

            (ii) The applicant demonstrates compliance with the requirements for acceptable alternative postmining land uses of paragraphs (a) through (c) of § 816.133 of this chapter;
            (iii) The applicant has presented specific plans for the proposed postmining land use and appropriate assurances that such use will be—
            (A) Compatible with adjacent land uses;
            (B) Obtainable according to data regarding expected need and market;
            (C) Assured of investment in necessary public facilities;
            (D) Supported by commitments from public agencies where appropriate;
            (E) Practicable with respect to private financial capability for completion of the proposed use;
            (F) Planned pursuant to a schedule attached to the reclamation plan so as to integrate the mining operation and reclamation with the postmining land use; and
            (G) Designed by a registered engineer in conformance with professional standards established to assure the stability, drainage, and configuation necessary for the intended use of the site.
            (iv) The proposed use would be consistent with adjacent land use and existing State and local land use plans and programs; and
            (v) The regulatory authority has provided, in writing, an opportunity of not more than 60 days to review and comment on such proposed use to the governing body of general purpose government in whose jurisdiction the land is located and any State or Federal agency which the regulatory authority, in its discretion, determines to have an interest in the proposed use.
            (2) The applicant demonstrates that in place of restoration of the land to be affected to the approximate original contour under §§ 816.102, 816.104, 816.105, and 816.107 of this chapter, the operation will be conducted in compliance with the requirements of part 824 of this chapter.
            (3) The requirements of 30 CFR 824 are made a specific condition of the permit.
            (4) All other requirements of the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program are met by the proposed operations.
            (5) The permit is clearly identified as being for mountaintop removal mining.
            (d)(1) Any permits incorporating a variance issued under this section shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority to evaluate the progress and development of mining activities to establish that the operator is proceeding in accordance with the terms of the variance—
            (i) Within the sixth month preceding the third year from the date of its issuance;
            (ii) Before each permit renewal; and
            (iii) Not later than the middle of each permit term.
            (2) Any review required under paragraph (d)(1) of this section need not be held if the permittee has demonstrated and the regulatory authority finds, in writing, within three months before the scheduled review, that all operations under the permit are proceeding and will continue to be conducted in accordance with the terms of the permit and requirements of the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            (3) The terms and conditions of a permit for mountaintop removal mining may be modified at any time by the regulatory authority, if it determines that more stringent measures are necessary to insure that the operation involved is conducted in compliance with the requirements of the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            [44 FR 15370, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 39904, Sept. 1, 1983; 52 FR 39183, Oct. 20, 1987; 81 FR 93379, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54965, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 785.15
            Steep slope mining.
            (a) This section applies to any persons who conducts or intends to conduct steep slope surface coal mining and reclamation operations, except—
            (1) Where an operator proposes to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on flat or gently rolling terrain, leaving a plain or predominantly flat area, but on which an occasional steep slope is encountered as the mining operation proceeds;
            (2) Where a person obtains a permit under the provisions of § 785.14; or

            (3) To the extent that a person obtains a permit incorporating a variance under § 785.16.

            (b) Any application for a permit for surface coal mining and reclamation operations covered by this section shall contain sufficient information to establish that the operations will be conducted in accordance with the requirements of § 816.107 or § 817.107 of this chapter.
            (c) No permit shall be issued for any operations covered by this section, unless the regulatory authority finds, in writing, that in addition to meeting all other requirements of this subchapter, the operation will be conducted in accordance with the requirements of § 816.107 or § 817.107 of this chapter.
            [44 FR 15370, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 51 FR 9006, Mar. 17, 1986]

            § 785.16
            Permits incorporating variances from approximate original contour restoration requirements for steep slope mining.
            (a) The regulatory authority may issue a permit for non-mountaintop removal, steep slope, surface coal mining and reclamation operations which includes a variance from the requirements to restore the disturbed areas to their approximate original contour that are contained in §§ 816.102, 816.104, 816.105, and 816.107, or §§ 817.102 and 817.107 of this chapter. The permit may contain such a variance only if the regulatory authority finds, in writing, that the applicant has demonstrated, on the basis of a complete application, that the following requirments are met:
            (1) After reclamation, the lands to be affected by the variance within the permit area will be suitable for an industrial, commercial, residential, or public postmining land use (including recreational facilities).
            (2) The requirements of § 816.133 or § 817.133 of this chapter will be met.
            (3) The watershed of lands within the proposed permit and adjacent areas will be improved by the operations when compared with the condition of the watershed before mining or with its condition if the approximate original contour were to be restored. The watershed will be deemed improved only if—
            (i) The amount of total suspended solids or other pollutants discharged to ground or surface water from the permit area will be reduced, so as to improve the public or private uses or the ecology of such water, or flood hazards within the watershed containing the permit area will be reduced by reduction of the peak flow discharge from precipitation events or thaws;
            (ii) The total volume of flow from the proposed permit area, during every season of the year, will not vary in a way that adversely affects the ecology of any surface water or any existing or planned use of surface or ground water; and
            (iii) The appropriate State environmental agency approves the plan.
            (4) The owner of the surface of the lands within the permit area has knowingly requested, in writing, as part of the application, that a variance be granted. The request shall be made separately from any surface owner consent given for the operations under § 778.15 of this chapter and shall show an understanding that the variance could not be granted without the surface owner's request.
            (b) If a variance is granted under this section—
            (1) The requirements of § 816.133(d) or § 817.133(d) of this chapter shall be included as a specific condition of the permit; and
            (2) The permit shall be specifically marked as containing a variance from approximate original contour.
            (c) A permit incorporating a variance under this section shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority at least every 30 months following the issuance of the permit to evaluate the progress and development of the surface coal mining and reclamation operations to establish that the operator is proceeding in accordance with the terms of the variance.
            (d) If the permittee demonstrates to the regulatory authority that the operations have been, and continue to be, conducted in compliance with the terms and conditions of the permit, the requirements of the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program, the review specified in paragraph (c) of this section need not be held.

            (e) The terms and conditions of a permit incorporating a variance under this section may be modified at any time by the regulatory authority, if it determines that more stringent measures are necessary to ensure that the operations involved are conducted in compliance with the requirements of the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            (f) The regulatory authority may grant variances in accordance with this section only if it has promulgated specific rules to govern the granting of variances in accordance with the provisions of this section and any necessary, more stringent requirements.
            [48 FR 39904, Sept. 1, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93380, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54965, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 785.17
            Prime farmland.
            (a) This section applies to any person who conducts or intends to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations on prime farmlands historically used for cropland. This section does not apply to:
            (1) Lands on which surface coal mining and reclamation operations are conducted pursuant to any permit issued prior to August 3, 1977; or
            (2) Lands on which surface coal mining and reclamation operations are conducted pursuant to any renewal or revision of a permit issued prior to August 3, 1977; or
            (3) Lands included in any existing surface coal mining operations for which a permit was issued for all or any part thereof prior to August 3, 1977, provided that:
            (i) Such lands are part of a single continuous surface coal mining operation begun under a permit issued before August 3, 1977; and
            (ii) The permittee had a legal right to mine the lands prior to August 3, 1977, through ownership, contract, or lease but not including an option to buy, lease, or contract; and
            (iii) The lands contain part of a continuous recoverable coal seam that was being mined in a single continuous mining pit (or multiple pits if the lands are proven to be part of a single continuous surface coal mining operation) begun under a permit issued prior to August 3, 1977.
            (4) For purposes of this section:
            (i) “Renewal” of a permit shall mean a decision by the regulatory authority to extend the time by which the permittee may complete mining within the boundaries of the original permit, and “revision” of the permit shall mean a decision by the regulatory authority to allow changes in the method of mining operations within the original permit area, or the decision of the regulatory authority to allow incidental boundary changes to the original permit;
            (ii) A pit shall be deemed to be a single continuous mining pit even if portions of the pit are crossed by a road, pipeline, railroad, or powerline or similar crossing;
            (iii) A single continuous surface coal mining operation is presumed to consist only of a single continuous mining pit under a permit issued prior to August 3, 1977, but may include non-contiguous parcels if the operator can prove by clear and convincing evidence that, prior to August 3, 1977, the non-contiguous parcels were part of a single permitted operation. For the purposes of this paragraph, clear and convincing evidence includes, but is not limited to, contracts, leases, deeds or other properly executed legal documents (not including options) that specifically treat physically separate parcels as one surface coal mining operation.
            (b) Application contents—Reconnaissance inspection. (1) All permit applications, whether or not prime farmland is present, shall include the results of a reconnaissance inspection of the proposed permit area to indicate whether prime farmland exists. The regulatory authority in consultation with the U.S. Soil Conservation Service shall determine the nature and extent of the required reconnaissance inspection.
            (2) If the reconnaissance inspection establishes that no land within the proposed permit area is prime farmland historically used for cropland, the applicant shall submit a statement that no prime farmland is present. The statement shall identify the basis upon which such a conclusion was reached.

            (3) If the reconnaissance inspection indicates that land within the proposed permit area may be prime farmland historically used for cropland, the applicant shall determine if a soil survey exists for those lands and whether soil mapping units in the permit area have been designated as prime farmland. If no soil survey exists, the applicant shall have a soil survey made of the lands within the permit area which the reconnaissance inspection indicates could be prime farmland. Soil surveys of the detail used by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service for operational conservation planning shall be used to identify and locate prime farmland soils.
            (i) If the soil survey indicates that no prime farmland soils are present within the proposed permit area, paragraph (b)(2) of this section shall apply.
            (ii) If the soil survey indicates that prime farmland soils are present within the proposed permit area, paragraph (c) of this section shall apply.
            (c) Application contents—Prime farmland. All permit applications for areas in which prime farmland has been identified within the proposed permit area shall include the following:
            (1) A soil survey of the permit area according to the standards of the National Cooperative Soil Survey and in accordance with the procedures set forth in U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbooks 436 “Soil Taxonomy” (U.S. Soil Conservation Service, 1975) as amended on March 22, 1982 and October 5, 1982, and 18, “Soil Survey Manual” (U.S. Soil Conservation Service, 1951), as amended on December 18, 1979, May 7, 1980, May 9, 1980, September 11, 1980, June 9, 1981, June 29, 1981, November 16, 1982. The U.S. Soil Conservation Service establishes the standards of the National Cooperative Soil Survey and maintains a National Soils Handbook which gives current acceptable procedures for conducting soil surveys. This National Soils Handbook is available for review at area and State SCS offices.

            (i) U.S. Department of Agriculture Handbooks 436 and 18 are incorporated by reference as they exist on the date of adoption of this section. Notices of changes made to these publications will be periodically published by OSM in the Federal Register. The handbooks are on file and available for inspection at the OSM Central Office, U.S. Department of the Interior, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC, at each OSM Technical Center and Field Office, and at the central office of the applicable State regulatory authority, if any. Copies of these documents are also available from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402, Stock Nos. 001-000-02597-0 and 001-000-00688-6, respectively. In addition, these documents are available for inspection at the national, State, and area offices of the Soil Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html. Incorporation by reference provisions were approved by the Director of the Federal Register on June 29, 1981.
            (ii) The soil survey shall include a description of soil mapping units and a representative soil profile as determined by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service, including, but not limited to, soil-horizon depths, pH, and the range of soil densities for each prime farmland soil unit within the permit area. Other representative soil-profile descriptions from the locality, prepared according to the standards of the National Cooperative Soil Survey, may be used if their use is approved by the State Conservationist, U.S. Soil Conservation Service. The regulatory authority may request the operator to provide information on other physical and chemical soil properties as needed to make a determination that the operator has the technological capability to restore the prime farmland within the permit area to the soil-reconstruction standards of part 823 of this chapter.
            (2) A plan for soil reconstruction, replacement, and stabilization for the purpose of establishing the technological capability of the mine operator to comply with the requirements of part 823 of this chapter.

            (3) Scientific data, such as agricultural-school studies, for areas with comparable soils, climate, and management that demonstrate that the proposed method of reclamation, including the use of soil mixtures or substitutes, if any, will achieve, within a reasonable time, levels of yield equivalent to, or higher than, those of nonmined prime farmland in the surrounding area.
            (4) The productivity prior to mining, including the average yield of food, fiber, forage, or wood products obtained under a high level of management.
            (d) Consultation with Secretary of Agriculture. (1) The Secretary of Agriculture has responsibilities with respect to prime farmland soils and has assigned the prime farmland responsibilities arising under the Act to the Chief of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service. The U.S. Soil Conservation Service shall carry out consultation and review through the State Conservationist located in each State.
            (2) The State Conservationist shall provide to the regulatory authority a list of prime farmland soils, their location, physical and chemical characteristics, crop yields, and associated data necessary to support adequate prime farmland soil descriptions.
            (3) The State Conservationist shall assist the regulatory authority in describing the nature and extent of the reconnaissance inspection required in paragraph (b)(1) of this section.
            (4) Before any permit is issued for areas that include prime farmland, the regulatory authority shall consult with the State Conservationist. The State Conservationist shall provide for the review of, and comment on, the proposed method of soil reconstruction in the plan submitted under paragraph (c) of this section. If the State Conservationist considers those methods to be inadequate, he or she shall suggest revisions to the regulatory authority which result in more complete and adequate reconstruction.
            (e) Issuance of permit. A permit for the mining and reclamation of prime farmland may be granted by the regulatory authority, if it first finds, in writing, upon the basis of a complete application, that—
            (1) The approved proposed postmining land use of these prime farmlands will be cropland;
            (2) The permit incorporates as specific conditions the contents of the plan submitted under paragraph (c) of this section, after consideration of any revisions to that plan suggested by the State Conservationist under paragraph (d)(4) of this section;
            (3) The applicant has the technological capability to restore the prime farmland, within a reasonable time, to equivalent or higher levels of yield as non-mined prime farmland in the surrounding area under equivalent levels of management; and
            (4) The proposed operations will be conducted in compliance with the requirements of 30 CFR part 823 and other environmental protection performance and reclamation standards for mining and reclamation of prime farmland of the regulatory program.
            (5) The aggregate total prime farmland acreage shall not be decreased from that which existed prior to mining. Water bodies, if any, to be constructed during mining and reclamation operations must be located within the post-reclamation non-prime farmland portions of the permit area. The creation of any such water bodies must be approved by the regulatory authority and the consent of all affected property owners within the permit area must be obtained.
            [44 FR 15370, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 46 FR 47722, Sept. 29, 1981; 48 FR 21462, May 12, 1983; 53 FR 40839, Oct. 18, 1988]

            § 785.18
            Variances for delay in contemporaneous reclamation requirement in combined surface and underground mining activities.
            (a) Scope. This section shall apply to any person or persons conducting or intending to conduct combined surface and underground mining activities where a variance is requested from the contemporaneous reclamation requirements of § 816.100 of this chapter.
            (b) Application contents for variances. Any person desiring a variance under this section shall file with the regulatory authority complete applications for both the surface mining activities and underground mining activities which are to be combined. The reclamation and operation plans for these permits shall contain appropriate narratives, maps, and plans, which—

            (1) Show why the proposed underground mining activities are necessary or desirable to assure maximum practical recovery of the coal;
            (2) Show how multiple future disturbances of surface lands or waters will be avoided;
            (3) Identify the specific surface areas for which a variance is sought and the sections of the Act, this chapter, and the regulatory program from which a variance is being sought;
            (4) Show how the activities will comply with § 816.79 of this chapter and other applicable requirements of the regulatory program;
            (5) Show why the variance sought is necessary for the implementation of the proposed underground mining activities;
            (6) Provide an assessment of the adverse environmental consequences and damages, if any, that will result if the reclamation of surface mining activities is delayed; and
            (7) Show how offsite storage of spoil will be conducted to comply with the requirements of the Act, §§ 816.71 through 816.74 of this chapter, and the regulatory program.
            (c) Issuance of permit. A permit incorporating a variance under this section may be issued by the regulatory authority if it first finds, in writing, upon the basis of a complete application filed in accordance with this section, that—
            (1) The applicant has presented, as part of the permit application, specific, feasible plans for the proposed underground mining activities;
            (2) The proposed underground mining activities are necessary or desirable to assure maximum practical recovery of the mineral resource and will avoid multiple future disturbances of surface land or waters;
            (3) The applicant has satisfactorily demonstrated that the applications for the surface mining activities and underground mining activities conform to the requirements of the regulatory program and that all other permits necessary for the underground mining activities have been issued by the appropriate authority;
            (4) The surface area of surface mining activities proposed for the variance has been shown by the applicant to be necessary for implementing the proposed underground mining activities;
            (5) No substantial adverse environmental damage, either onsite or offsite, will result from the delay in completion of reclamation otherwise required by section 515(b)(16) of the Act, part 816 of this chapter, and the regulatory program;
            (6) The operations will, insofar as a variance is authorized, be conducted in compliance with the requirements of § 816.79 of this chapter and the regulatory program;
            (7) Provisions for offsite storage of spoil will comply with the requirements of section 515(b)(22) of the Act, §§ 816.71 through 816.74 of this chapter, and the regulatory program;
            (8) Liability under the performance bond required to be filed by the applicant with the regulatory authority pursuant to subchapter J of this chapter and the regulatory program will be for the duration of the underground mining activities and until all requirements of subchapter J and the regulatory program have been complied with; and
            (9) The permit for the surface mining activities contains specific conditions—
            (i) Delineating the particular surface areas for which a variance is authorized;
            (ii) Identifying the applicable provisions of section 515(b) of the Act, part 816 of this chapter, and the regulatory program; and
            (iii) Providing a detailed schedule for compliance with the provisions of this section.
            (d) Review of permits containing variances. Variances granted by permits issued under this section shall be reviewed by the regulatory authority no later than 3 years from the dates of issuance of the permit and any permit renewals.
            [48 FR 24651, June 1, 1983]

            § 785.19
            Surface coal mining and reclamation operations on areas or adjacent to areas including alluvial valley floors in the arid and semiarid areas west of the 100th meridian.
            (a) Alluvial valley floor determination. (1) Permit applicants who propose to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations within a valley holding a stream or in a location where the permit area or adjacent area includes any stream, in the arid and semiarid regions of the United States, as an initial step in the permit process, may request the regulatory authority to make an alluvial valley floor determination with respect to that valley floor. The applicant shall demonstrate and the regulatory authority shall determine, based on either available data or field studies submitted by the applicant, or a combination of available data and field studies, the presence or absence of an alluvial valley floor. Studies shall include sufficiently detailed geologic, hydrologic, land use, soils, and vegetation data and analysis to demonstrate the probable existence of an alluvial valley floor in the area. The regulatory authority may require additional data collection and analysis or other supporting documents, maps, and illustrations in order to make the determination.
            (2) The regulatory authority shall make a written determination as to the extent of any alluvial valley floors within the area. The regulatory authority shall determine that an alluvial valley floor exists if it finds that—
            (i) Unconsolidated streamlaid deposits holding streams are present; and
            (ii) There is sufficient water available to support agricultural activities as evidenced by—
            (A) The existence of current flood irrigation in the area in question;
            (B) The capability of an area to be flood irrigated, based on evaluations of typical regional agricultural practices, historical flood irrigation, streamflow, water quality, soils, and topography; or
            (C) Subirrigation of the lands in question derived from the ground-water system of the valley floor.
            (3) If the regulatory authority determines in writing that an alluvial valley does not exist pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section, no further consideration of this section is required.
            (b) Applicability of statutory exclusions. (1) If an alluvial valley floor is identified pursuant to paragraph (a)(2) of this section and the proposed surface coal mining operation may affect this alluvial valley floor or waters that supply the alluvial valley floor, the applicant may request the regulatory authority, as a preliminary step in the permit application process, to separately determine the applicability of the statutory exclusions set forth in paragraph (b)(2) of this section. The regulatory authority may make such a determination based on the available data, may require additional data collection and analysis in order to make the determination, or may require the applicant to submit a complete permit application and not make the determination until after the complete application is evaluated.
            (2) An applicant need not submit the information required in paragraphs (d)(2) (ii) and (iii) of this section and a regulatory authority is not required to make the findings of paragraphs (e)(2) (i) and (ii) of this section when the regulatory authority determines that one of the following circumstances, heretofore called statutory exclusions, exist:
            (i) The premining land use is undeveloped rangeland which is not significant to farming;
            (ii) Any farming on the alluvial valley floor that would be affected by the surface coal mining operation is of such small acreage as to be of negligible impact on the farm's agricultural production. Negligible impact of the proposed operation on farming will be based on the relative importance of the affected farmland areas of the alluvial valley floor area to the farm's total agricultural production over the life of the mine; or
            (iii) The circumstances set forth in § 822.12(b) (3) or (4) of this chapter exist.
            (3) For the purpose of this section, a farm is one or more land units on which farming is conducted. A farm is generally considered to be the combination of land units with acreage and boundaries in existence prior to August 3, 1977, or if established after August 3, 1977, with those boundaries based on enhancement of the farm's agricultural productivity and not related to surface coal operations.
            (c) Summary denial. If the regulatory authority determines that the statutory exclusions are not applicable and that any of the required findings of paragraph (e)(2) of this section cannot be made, the regulatory authority may, at the request of the applicant:

            (1) Determine that mining is precluded on the proposed permit area and deny the permit without the applicant filing any additional information required by this section; or
            (2) Prohibit surface coal mining and reclamation operations in all or parts of the area to be affected by mining.
            (d) Application contents for operations affecting designated alluvial valley floors. (1) If land within the permit area or adjacent area is identified as an alluvial valley floor and the proposed surface coal mining operation may affect an alluvial valley floor or waters supplied to an alluvial valley floor, the applicant shall submit a complete application for the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations to be used by the regulatory authority together with other relevant information as a basis for approval or denial of the permit. If an exclusion of paragraph (b)(2) of this section applies, then the applicant need not submit the information required in paragraphs (d)(2) (ii) and (iii) of this section.
            (2) The complete application shall include detailed surveys and baseline data required by the regulatory authority for a determination of—
            (i) The essential hydrologic functions of the alluvial valley floor which might be affected by the mining and reclamation process. The information required by this subparagraph shall evaluate those factors which contribute to the collecting, storing, regulating and making the natural flow of water available for agricultural activities on the alluvial valley floor and shall include, but are not limited to:
            (A) Factors contributing to the function of collecting water, such as amount, rate and frequency of rainfall and runoff, surface roughness, slope and vegetative cover, infiltration, and evapotranspiration, relief, slope and density of drainage channels;
            (B) Factors contributing to the function of storing water, such as permeability, infiltration, porosity, depth and direction of ground water flow, and water holding capacity;
            (C) Factors contributing to the function of regulating the flow of surface and ground water, such as the longitudinal profile and slope of the valley and channels, the sinuosity and cross-sections of the channels, interchange of water between streams and associated alluvial and bedrock aquifers, and rates and amount of water supplied by these aquifers; and
            (D) Factors contributing to water availability, such as the presence of flood plains and terraces suitable for agricultural activities.
            (ii) Whether the operation will avoid during mining and reclamation the interruption, discontinuance, or preclusion of farming on the alluvial valley floor;
            (iii) Whether the operation will cause material damage to the quantity or quality of surface or ground waters supplied to the alluvial valley floor;
            (iv) Whether the reclamation plan is in compliance with requirements of the Act, this chapter, and regulatory program; and
            (v) Whether the proposed monitoring system will provide sufficient information to measure compliance with part 822 of this chapter during and after mining and reclamation operations.
            (e) Findings. (1) The findings of paragraphs (e)(2) (i) and (ii) of this section are not required with regard to alluvial valley floors to which are applicable any of the exclusions of paragraph (b)(2) of this section.
            (2) No permit or permit revision application for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on lands located west of the 100th meridian west longitude shall be approved by the regulatory authority unless the application demonstrates and the regulatory authority finds in writing, on the basis of information set forth in the application, that—
            (i) The proposed operations will not interrupt, discontinue, or preclude farming on an alluvial valley floor;
            (ii) The proposed operations will not materially damage the quantity or quality of water in surface and underground water systems that supply alluvial valley floors; and
            (iii) The proposed operations will comply with part 822 of this chapter and the other applicable requirements of the Act and the regulatory program.
            [48 FR 29820, June 28, 1983, as amended at 54 FR 9735, Mar. 7, 1989]

            § 785.20
            Augering.
            (a) This section applies to any person who conducts or intends to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations utilizing augering operations.
            (b) Any application for a permit for operations covered by this section shall contain, in the mining and reclamation plan, a description of the augering methods to be used and the measures to be used to comply with 30 CFR part 819.
            (c) No permit shall be issued for any operations covered by this section unless the regulatory authority finds, in writing, that in addition to meeting all other applicable requirements of this subchapter, the operation will be conducted in compliance with 30 CFR part 819.

            § 785.21
            Coal preparation plants not located within the permit area of a mine.
            (a) This section applies to any person who operates or intends to operate a coal preparation plant in connection with a coal mine but outside the permit area for a specific mine. Any person who operates such a preparation plant shall obtain a permit from the regulatory authority in accordance with the requirements of this section
            (b) Any application for a permit for operations covered by this section shall contain an operation and reclamation plan which specifies plans, including descriptions, maps, and cross sections, of the construction, operation, maintenance, and removal of the preparation plant and support facilities operated incident thereto or resulting therefrom. The plan shall demonstrate that those operations will be conducted in compliance with part 827 of this chapter.
            (c) No permit shall be issued for any operation covered by this section, unless the regulatory authority finds in writing that, in addition to meeting all other applicable requirements of this subchapter, the operations will be conducted in compliance with the requirements of part 827 of this chapter.
            (d)(1) Except as provided in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, any person who operates a coal preparation plant beyond May 10, 1986, that was not subject to this chapter before July 6, 1984, shall have applied for a permit no later than November 11, 1985.
            (2)(i) State programs that have a statutory or regulatory bar precluding issuance of permits to facilities covered by paragraph (d)(1) of this section shall notify OSMRE not later than November 7, 1985, and shall establish a schedule for actions necessary to allow the permitting of such facilities as soon as practicable. Not later than December 9, 1985, this schedule shall be submitted to OSMRE for approval.
            (ii) Any person who operates a coal preparation plant that was not subject to this chapter before July 6, 1984, in a state which submits a schedule in accordance with paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section shall apply for a permit in accordance with the schedule approved by OSMRE.
            (e) Notwithstanding § 773.4 of this chapter and except as prohibited by § 761.11 of this chapter, any person operating a coal preparation plant that was not subject to this chapter before July 6, 1984, may continue to operate without a permit until May 10, 1986, and may continue to operate beyond that date if:
            (1) A permit application has been timely filed under paragraph (d)(1) of this section or under a State imposed schedule specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section,
            (2) The regulatory authority has yet to either issue or deny the permit, and
            (3) The person complies with the applicable performance standards of § 827.13 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 17730, May 11, 1987; 53 FR 47391, Nov. 22, 1988, as amended at 65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 785.22
            In situ processing activities.
            (a) This section applies to any person who conducts or intends to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations utilizing in situ processing activities.

            (b) Any application for a permit for operations covered by this section shall be made according to all requirements of this subchapter applicable to underground mining activities. In addition, the mining and reclamation operations plan for operations involving in situ processing activities shall contain information establishing how those operations will be conducted in compliance with the requirements of 30 CFR part 828, including—
            (1) Delineation of proposed holes and wells and production zone for approval of the regulatory authority;
            (2) Specifications of drill holes and casings proposed to be used;
            (3) A plan for treatment, confinement or disposal of all acid-forming, toxic-forming or radioactive gases, solids, or liquids constituting a fire, health, safety or environmental hazard caused by the mining and recovery process; and
            (4) Plans for monitoring surface and ground water and air quality, as required by the regulatory authority.
            (c) No permit shall be issued for operations covered by this section, unless the regulatory authority first finds, in writing, upon the basis of a complete application made in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section, that the operation will be conducted in compliance with all requirements of this subchapter relating to underground mining activities, and 30 CFR parts 817 and 828.

            § 785.25
            Lands eligible for remining.
            (a) This section contains permitting requirements to implement § 773.13. Any person who submits a permit application to conduct a surface coal mining operation on lands eligible for remining must comply with this section.
            (b) Any application for a permit under this section shall be made according to all requirements of this subchapter applicable to surface coal mining and reclamation operations. In addition, the application shall—
            (1) To the extent not otherwise addressed in the permit application, identify potential environmental and safety problems related to prior mining activity at the site and that could be reasonably anticipated to occur. This identification shall be based on a due diligence investigation which shall include visual observations at the site, a record review of past mining at the site, and environmental sampling tailored to current site conditions.
            (2) With regard to potential environmental and safety problems referred to in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, describe the mitigative measures that will be taken to ensure that the applicable reclamation requirements of the regulatory program can be met.
            [60 FR 58491, Nov. 27, 1995, as amended at 65 FR 79669, Dec. 19, 2000; 73 FR 67630, Nov. 14, 2008; 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54965, Nov. 17, 2017]

        SUBCHAPTER H—SMALL OPERATOR ASSISTANCE

          Pt. 795
          PART 795—PERMANENT REGULATORY PROGRAM—SMALL OPERATOR ASSISTANCE PROGRAM

            Sec.
            795.1
            Scope and purpose.
            795.3
            Definitions.
            795.4
            Information collection.
            795.5
            Grant application procedures.
            795.6
            Eligibility for assistance.
            795.7
            Filing for assistance.
            795.8
            Application approval and notice.
            795.9
            Program services and data requirements.
            795.10
            Qualified laboratories.
            795.11
            Assistance funding.
            795.12
            Applicant liability.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 795.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part comprises the Small Operator Assistance Program (SOAP) and establishes the procedures for providing assistance to eligible operators by the program administrator. It is an elective means for a regulatory authority to satisfy the requirements of section 507(c) of the Act. The purpose of the program is to provide for eligible operators a determination of probable hydrologic consequences and a statement of results of test borings or core samplings which are required components of the permit application under subchapter G of this chapter.

            § 795.3
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Program administrator means the State of Federal official within the regulatory authority who has the authority and responsibility for overall management of the Small Operator Assistance Program; and

              Qualified laboratory means a designated public agency, private firm, institution, or analytical laboratory that can provide the required determination of probable hydrologic consequences or statement of results of test borings or core samplings or other services as specified at § 795.9 under the Small Operator Assistance Program and that meets the standards of § 795.10.
            [48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983, as amended at 59 FR 28167, May 31, 1994]

            § 795.4
            Information collection.

            The collections of information contained in part 795 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0061. The information will be used to determine if the applicants meet the requirements of the Small Operator Assistance Program. Response is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with Public Law 95-87. Public reporting burden for this information is estimated to average 24.2 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer (MS-202), 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC 20240.
            [59 FR 28167, May 31, 1994, as amended at 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 795.5
            Grant application procedures.
            A State intending to administer a Small Operator Assistance Program under a grant from the Office of Surface Mining may submit a grant application to OSM for funding of the program under the procedures of part 735 of this chapter.

            § 795.6
            Eligibility for assistance.
            (a) An applicant is eligible for assistance if he or she—
            (1) Intends to apply for a permit pursuant to the Act;

            (2) Establishes that his or her probable total attributed annual production from all locations on which the operator is issued the surface coal mining and reclamation permit will not exceed 300,000 tons. Production from the following operations shall be attributed to the applicant:
            (i) The pro rata share, based upon percentage of ownership of applicant, of coal produced by operations in which the applicant owns more than a 10 percent interest;
            (ii) The pro rata share, based upon percentage of ownership of applicant, of coal produced in other operations by persons who own more than 10 percent of the applicant's operation;
            (iii) All coal produced by operations owned by persons who directly or indirectly control the applicant by reason of direction of the management;
            (iv) All coal produced by operations owned by members of the applicant's family and the applicants' relatives, unless it is established that there is no direct or indirect business relationship between or among them.
            (3) Is not restricted in any manner from receiving a permit under the permanent regulatory program; and
            (4) Does not organize or reorganize his or her company solely for the purpose of obtaining assistance under the SOAP.
            (b) A State may provide alternate criteria or procedures for determining the eligibility of an operator for assistance under the program, provided that such criteria may not be used as a basis for grant requests in excess of that which would be authorized under the criteria of paragraph (a) of this section.
            [48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983, as amended at 59 FR 28168, May 31, 1994]

            § 795.7
            Filing for assistance.
            Each application for assistance shall include the following information:
            (a) A statement of the operator's intent to file a permit application.
            (b) The names and addresses of—
            (1) The permit applicant; and
            (2) The operator if different from the applicant.
            (c) A schedule of the estimated total production of coal from the proposed permit area and all other locations from which production is attributed to the applicant under § 795.6 The schedule shall include for each location—
            (1) The operator or company name under which coal is or will be mined;
            (2) The permit number and Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) number;
            (3) The actual coal production during the year preceding the year for which the applicant applies for assistance and production that may be attributed to the applicant under § 795.6; and
            (4) The estimated coal production and any production which may be attributed to the applicant for each year of the proposed permit.
            (d) A description of—
            (1) The proposed method of coal mining;
            (2) The anticipated starting and termination dates of mining operations;
            (3) The number of acres of land to be affected by the proposed mining operation; and
            (4) A general statement on the probable depth and thickness of the coal resource including a statement of reserves in the permit area and the method by which they were calculated.
            (e) A U.S. Geological Survey topographic map at a scale of 1:24,000 or larger or other topographic map of equivalent detail which clearly shows—
            (1) The area of land to be affected;
            (2) The location of any existing or proposed test borings; and
            (3) The location and extent of known workings of any underground mines.
            (f) Copies of documents which show that—
            (1) The applicant has a legal right to enter and commence mining within the permit area; and
            (2) A legal right of entry has been obtained for the program administrator and laboratory personnel to inspect the lands to be mined and adjacent areas to collect environmental data or to install necessary instruments.

            § 795.8
            Application approval and notice.
            (a) If the program administrator finds the applicant eligible, he or she shall inform the applicant in writing that the application is approved.
            (b) If the program administrator finds the applicant ineligible, he or she shall inform the applicant in writing that the application is denied and shall state the reasons for denial.

            § 795.9
            Program services and data requirements.
            (a) To the extent possible with available funds, the program administrator shall select and pay a qualified laboratory to make the determination and statement and provide other services referenced in paragraph (b) of this section for eligible operators who request assistance.
            (b) The program administrator shall determine the data needed for each applicant or group of applicants. Data collected and the results provided to the program administrator shall be sufficient to satisfy the requirements for:
            (1) The determination of the probable hydrologic consequences of the surface mining and reclamation operation in the proposed permit area and adjacent areas, including the engineering analyses and designs necessary for the determination in accordance with §§ 780.21(f), 784.14(e), and any other applicable provisions of this chapter;
            (2) The drilling and statement of the results of test borings or core samplings for the proposed permit area in accordance with §§ 780.22(b) and 784.22(b) and any other applicable provisions of this chapter;
            (3) The development of cross-section maps and plans required by §§ 779.25 and 783.25;
            (4) The collection of archaeological and historic information and related plans required by §§ 779.12(b) and 783.12(b) and §§ 780.31 and 784.17 and any other archaeological and historic information required by the regulatory authority;
            (5) Pre-blast surveys required by § 780.13; and
            (6) The collection of site-specific resources information, the production of protection and enhancement plans for fish and wildlife habitats required by §§ 780.16 and 784.21, and information and plans for any other environmental values required by the regulatory authority under the act.
            (c) Data collection and analysis may proceed concurrently with the development of mining and reclamation plans by the operator.
            (d) Data collected under this program shall be made publicly available in accordance with § 773.6(d) of this chapter. The program administrator shall develop procedures for interstate coordination and exchange of data.
            [48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 59 FR 28168, May 31, 1994, as amended at 65 FR 79670, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 795.10
            Qualified laboratories.
            (a) Basic qualifications. To be designated a qualified laboratory, a firm shall demonstrate that it—
            (1) Is staffed with experienced, professional or technical personnel in the fields applicable to the work to be performed;
            (2) Has adequate space for material preparation and cleaning and sterilizing equipment and has stationary equipment, storage, and space to accommodate workloads during peak periods;
            (3) Meets applicable Federal or State safety and health requirements;
            (4) Has analytical, monitoring and measuring equipment capable of meeting applicable standards; and
            (5) Has the capability of collecting necessary field samples and making hydrologic field measurements and analytical laboratory determinations by acceptable hydrologic, geologic, or analytical methods in accordance with the requirements of §§ 780.21, 780.22, 784.14 and 784.22 and any other applicable provisions of this chapter. Other appropriate methods or guidelines for data acquisition may be approved by the program administrator.
            (6) Has the capability of performing services for either the determination or statement referenced in § 795.9(b).
            (b) Subcontractors. Subcontractors, may be used to provide some of the required services provided their use is identified at the time a determination is made that a firm is qualified and they meet requirements specified by the program administrator.

            § 795.11
            Assistance funding.
            (a) Use of funds. Funds specifically authorized for this program shall be used to provide the services specified in § 795.9 and shall not be used to cover administrative expenses.
            (b) Allocation of funds. The program administrator shall establish a formula for allocating funds to provide services for eligible small operators if available funds are less than those required to provide the services pursuant to this part.

            § 795.12
            Applicant liability.
            (a) A coal operator who has received assistance pursuant to § 795.9 shall reimburse the regulatory authority for the cost of the services rendered if:
            (1) The applicant submits false information, fails to submit a permit application within 1 year from the date of receipt of the approved laboratory report, or fails to mine after obtaining a permit;
            (2) The program administrator finds that the operator's actual and attributed annual production of coal for all locations exceeds 300,000 tons during the 12 months immediately following the date on which the operator is issued the surface coal mining and reclamation permit; or
            (3) The permit is sold, transferred, or assigned to another person and the transferee's total actual and attributed production exceeds the 300,000 ton production limit during the 12 months immediately following the date on which the permit was originally issued. Under this paragraph the applicant and its successor are jointly and severally obligated to reimburse the regulatory authority.
            (b) The program administrator may waive the reimbursement obligation if he or she finds that the applicant at all times acted in good faith.
            [48 FR 2272, Jan. 18, 1983, as amended at 59 FR 28168, May 31, 1994]

        SUBCHAPTER I [RESERVED]

        SUBCHAPTER J—PERFORMANCE BOND, FINANCIAL ASSURANCE, AND INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS

          Pt. 800
          PART 800—BOND AND INSURANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SURFACE COAL MINING AND RECLAMATION OPERATIONS UNDER REGULATORY PROGRAMS

            Sec.
            800.1
            Scope and purpose.
            800.4
            Regulatory authority responsibilities.
            800.5
            Definitions.
            800.10
            Information collection.
            800.11
            Requirement to file a bond.
            800.12
            Form of the performance bond.
            800.13
            Period of liability.
            800.14
            Determination of bond amount.
            800.15
            Adjustment of amount.
            800.16
            General terms and conditions of bond.
            800.17
            Bonding requirements for underground coal mines and long-term coal-related surface facilities and structures.
            800.20
            Surety bonds.
            800.21
            Collateral bonds.
            800.23
            Self-bonding.
            800.30
            Replacement of bonds.
            800.40
            Requirement to release performance bonds.
            800.50
            Forfeiture of bonds.
            800.60
            Terms and conditions for liability insurance.
            800.70
            Bonding for anthracite operations in Pennsylvania.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended; and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 800 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 800.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part sets forth the minimum requirements for filing and maintaining bonds and insurance for surface coal mining and reclamation operations under regulatory programs in accordance with the Act.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.4
            Regulatory authority responsibilities.
            (a) The regulatory authority shall prescribe and furnish forms for filing performance bonds.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall prescribe by regulation terms and conditions for performance bonds and insurance.
            (c) The regulatory authority shall determine the amount of the bond for each area to be bonded, in accordance with § 800.14. The regulatory authority shall also adjust the amount as acreage in the permit area is revised, or when other relevant conditions change according to the requirements of § 800.15.
            (d) The regulatory authority may accept a self-bond if the permittee meets the requirements of § 800.23 and any additional requirements in the State or Federal program.
            (e) The regulatory authority shall release liability under a bond or bonds in accordance with § 800.40.
            (f) If the conditions specified in § 800.50 occur, the regulatory authority shall take appropriate action to cause all or part of a bond to be forfeited in accordance with procedures of that section.
            (g) The regulatory authority shall require in the permit that adequate bond coverage be in effect at all times. Except as provided in § 800.16(e)(2), operating without a bond is a violation of a condition upon which the permit is issued.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.5
            Definitions.
            (a) Surety bond means an indemnity agreement in a sum certain payable to the regulatory authority, executed by the permittee as principal and which is supported by the performance guarantee of a corporation licensed to do business as a surety in the State where the operation is located.

            (b) Collateral bond means an indemnity agreement in a sum certain executed by the permittee as principal which is supported by the deposit with the regulatory authority of one or more of the following:
            (1) A cash account, which shall be the deposit of cash in one or more federally-insured or equivalently protected accounts, payable only to the regulatory authority upon demand, or the deposit of cash directly with the regulatory authority;
            (2) Negotiable bonds of the United States, a State, or a municipality, endorsed to the order of, and placed in the possession of, the regulatory authority;
            (3) Negotiable certificates of deposit, made payable or assigned to the regulatory authority and placed in its possession or held by a federally-insured bank;
            (4) An irrevocable letter of credit of any bank organized or authorized to transact business in the United States, payable only to the regulatory authority upon presentation;
            (5) A perfected, first-lien security interest in real property in favor of the regulatory authority; or
            (6) Other investment-grade rated securities having a rating of AAA, AA, or A or an equivalent rating issued by a nationally recognized securities rating service, endorsed to the order of, and placed in the possession of, the regulatory authority.
            (c) Self-bond means an indemnity agreement in a sum certain executed by the applicant or by the applicant and any corporate guarantor and made payable to the regulatory authority, with or without separate surety.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 997, Jan. 14, 1988; 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.10
            Information collection.

            The collection of information contained in §§ 800.11, 800.21(c), 800.23(b)(2), 800.23(b)(3), 800.40(a), and 800.60(a) have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0043. The information will be used to determine if reclamation bonds are sufficient to comply with the Act. Response is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with the requirements of 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 28 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspects of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Information Collection Clearance Officer, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., rm 5415 L, Washington, DC 20240 and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (1029-0043), Washington, DC 20503.
            [56 FR 59994, Nov. 26, 1991, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.11
            Requirement to file a bond.
            (a) After a permit application under subchapter G of this chapter has been approved, but before a permit is issued, the applicant shall file with the regulatory authority, on a form prescribed and furnished by the regulatory authority, a bond or bonds for performance made payable to the regulatory authority and conditioned upon the faithful performance of all the requirements of the Act, the regulatory program, the permit, and the reclamation plan.
            (b)(1) The bond or bonds shall cover the entire permit area, or an identified increment of land within the permit area upon which the operator will initiate and conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations during the initial term of the permit.
            (2) As surface coal mining and reclamation operations on succeeding increments are initiated and conducted within the permit area, the permittee shall file with the regulatory authority an additional bond or bonds to cover such increments in accordance with this section.

            (3) The operator shall identify the initial and successive areas or increments for bonding on the permit application map submitted for approval as provided in the application (under parts 780 and 784 of this chapter), and shall specify the bond amount to be provided for each area or increment.
            (4) Independent increments shall be of sufficient size and configuration to provide for efficient reclamation operations should reclamation by the regulatory authority become necessary pursuant to § 800.50.
            (c) An operator shall not disturb any surface areas, succeeding increments, or extend any underground shafts, tunnels or operations prior to acceptance by the regulatory authority of the required performance bond.
            (d) The applicant shall file, with the approval of the regulatory authority, a bond or bonds under one of the following schemes to cover the bond amounts for the permit area as determined in accordance with § 800.14:
            (1) A performance bond or bonds for the entire permit area;
            (2) A cumulative bond schedule and the performance bond required for full reclamation of the initial area to be disturbed; or
            (3) An incremental bond schedule and the performance bond required for the first increment in the schedule.
            (e) OSM may approve, as part of a State or Federal program, an alternative bonding system, if it will achieve the following objectives and purposes of the bonding program:
            (1) The alternative must assure that the regulatory authority will have available sufficient money to complete the reclamation plan for any areas which may be in default at any time; and
            (2) The alternative must provide a substantial economic incentive for the permittee to comply with all reclamation provisions.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.12
            Form of the performance bond.
            The regulatory authority shall prescribe the form of the performance bond. The regulatory authority may allow for:
            (a) A surety bond;
            (b) A collateral bond;
            (c) A self-bond; or
            (d) A combination of any of these bonding methods.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.13
            Period of liability.
            (a)(1) Performance bond liability shall be for the duration of the surface coal mining and reclamation operation and for a period which is coincident with the operator's period of extended responsibility for successful revegetation provided in § 816.116 or § 817.116 of this chapter or until achievement of the reclamation requirements of the Act, regulatory programs, and permit, whichever is later.
            (2) With the approval of regulatory authority, a bond may be posted and approved to guarantee specific phases of reclamation within the permit area provided the sum of phase bonds posted equals or exceeds the total amount required under §§ 800.14 and 800.15. The scope of work to be guaranteed and the liability assumed under each phase bond shall be specified in detail.
            (b) Isolated and clearly defined portions of the permit area requiring extended liability may be separated from the original area and bonded separately with the approval of the regulatory authority. Such areas shall be limited in extent and not constitute a scattered, intermittent, or checkerboard pattern of failure. Access to the separated areas for remedial work may be included in the area under extended liability if deemed necessary by the regulatory authority.
            (c) If the regulatory authority approves a long-term, intensive agricultural postmining land use, in accordance with § 816.133 or § 817.133 of this chapter, the applicable 5 or 10 year period of liability shall commence at the date of initial planting for such long-term agricultural use.
            (d)(1) The bond liability of the permittee shall include only those actions which he or she is obligated to take under the permit, including completion of the reclamation plan, so that the land will be capable of supporting the postmining land use approved under § 816.133 or § 817.133 of this chapter.

            (2) Implementation of an alternative postmining land use approved under §§ 816.133(c) and 817.133(c) which is beyond the control of the permittee, need not be covered by the bond. Bond liability for prime farmland shall be as specified in § 800.40(c)(2).
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.14
            Determination of bond amount.
            (a) The amount of the bond required for each bonded area shall:
            (1) Be determined by the regulatory authority;
            (2) Depend upon the requirements of the approved permit and reclamation plan;
            (3) Reflect the probable difficulty of reclamation, giving consideration to such factors as topography, geology, hydrology, and revegetation potential; and
            (4) Be based on, but not limited to, the estimated cost submitted by the permit applicant.
            (b) The amount of the bond shall be sufficient to assure the completion of the reclamation plan if the work has to be performed by the regulatory authority in the event of forfeiture, and in no case shall the total bond initially posted for the entire area under one permit be less than $10,000.
            (c) An operator's financial responsibility under § 817.121(c) of this chapter for repairing material damage resulting from subsidence may be satisfied by the liability insurance policy required under § 800.60.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.15
            Adjustment of amount.
            (a) The amount of the bond or deposit required and the terms of the acceptance of the applicant's bond shall be adjusted by the regulatory authority from time to time as the area requiring bond coverage is increased or decreased or where the cost of future reclamation changes. The regulatory authority may specify periodic times or set a schedule for reevaluating and adjusting the bond amount to fulfill this requirement.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall—
            (1) Notify the permittee, the surety, and any person with a property interest in collateral who has requested notification under § 800.21(f) of any proposed adjustment to the bond amount; and
            (2) Provide the permittee an opportunity for an informal conference on the adjustment.
            (c) A permittee may request reduction of the amount of the performance bond upon submission of evidence to the regulatory authority proving that the permittee's method of operation or other circumstances reduces the estimated cost for the regulatory authority to reclaim the bonded area. Bond adjustments which involve undisturbed land or revision of the cost estimate of reclamation are not considered bond release subject to procedures of § 800.40.
            (d) In the event that an approved permit is revised in accordance with subchapter G of this chapter, the regulatory authority shall review the bond for adequacy and, if necessary, shall require adjustment of the bond to conform to the permit as revised.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.16
            General terms and conditions of bond.
            (a) The performance bond shall be in an amount determined by the regulatory authority as provided in § 800.14.
            (b) The performance bond shall be payable to the regulatory authority.
            (c) The performance bond shall be conditioned upon faithful performance of all the requirements of the Act, this chapter, the regulatory program, and the approved permit, including completion of the reclamation plan.
            (d) The duration of the bond shall be for the time period provided in § 800.13.
            (e)(1) The bond shall provide a mechanism for a bank or surety company to give prompt notice to the regulatory authority and the permittee of any action filed alleging the insolvency or bankruptcy of the surety company, the bank, or the permittee, or alleging any violations which would result in suspension or revocation of the surety or bank charter or license to do business.

            (2) Upon the incapacity of a bank or surety company by reason of bankruptcy, insolvency, or suspension or revocation of a charter or license, the permittee shall be deemed to be without bond coverage and shall promptly notify the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority, upon notification received through procedures of paragraph (e)(1) of this section or from the permittee, shall, in writing, notify the operator who is without bond coverage and specify a reasonable period, not to exceed 90 days, to replace bond coverage. If an adequate bond is not posted by the end of the period allowed, the operator shall cease coal extraction and shall comply with the provisions of § 816.132 or § 817.132 of this chapter and shall immediately begin to conduct reclamation operations in accordance with the reclamation plan. Mining operations shall not resume until the regulatory authority has determined that an acceptable bond has been posted.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.17
            Bonding requirements for underground coal mines and long-term coal-related surface facilities and structures.
            (a) Responsibilities. The regulatory authority shall require bond coverage, in an amount determined under § 800.14, for long-term surface facilities and structures, and for areas disturbed by surface impacts incident to underground mines, for which a permit is required. Specific reclamation techniques required for underground mines and long-term facilities shall be considered in determining the amount of bond to complete the reclamation.
            (b) Long-term period of liability. (1) The period of liability for every bond covering long-term surface disturbances shall commence with the issuance of a permit, except that to the extent that such disturbances will occur on a succeeding increment to be bonded, such liability will commence upon the posting of the bond for that increment before the initial surface disturbance of that increment. The liability period shall extend until all reclamation, restoration, and abatement work under the permit has been completed and the bond is released under the provisions of § 800.40, or until the bond has been replaced or extended in accordance with § 800.17(b)(3).
            (2) Long-term surface disturbances shall include long-term coal-related surface facilities and structures, and surface impacts incident to underground coal mining, which disturb an area for a period that exceeds 5 years. Long-term surface disturbances include, but are not limited to: surface features of shafts and slope facilities, coal refuse areas, powerlines, bore-holes, ventilation shafts, preparation plants, machine shops, roads, and loading and treatment facilities.
            (3) To achieve continuous bond coverage for long-term surface disturbances, the bond shall be conditioned upon extension, replacement, or payment in full, 30 days prior to the expiration of the bond term.
            (4) Continuous bond coverage shall apply throughout the period of extended responsibility for successful revegetation and until the provisions of § 800.40 have been met.
            (c) Bond forfeiture. The regulatory authority shall take action to forfeit a bond pursuant to this section, if 30 days prior to bond expiration, the operator has not filed: (1) A performance bond for a new term as required for continuous coverage, or (2) a performance bond providing coverage for the period of liability, including the period of extended responsibility for successful revegetation.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.20
            Surety bonds.
            (a) A surety bond shall be executed by the operator and a corporate surety licensed to do business in the State where the operation is located.
            (b) Surety bonds shall be noncancellable during their terms, except that surety bond coverage for lands not disturbed may be cancelled with the prior consent of the regulatory authority. The regulatory authority shall advise the surety, within 30 days after receipt of a notice to cancel bond, whether the bond may be cancelled on an undisturbed area.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.21
            Collateral bonds.
            (a) Collateral bonds, except for letters of credit, cash accounts, and real property, shall be subject to the following conditions:
            (1) The regulatory authority shall keep custody of collateral deposited by the applicant until authorized for release or replacement as provided in this subchapter.
            (2) The regulatory authority shall value collateral at its current market value, not at face value.
            (3) The regulatory authority shall require that certificates of deposit be made payable to or assigned to the regulatory authority, both in writing and upon the records of the bank issuing the certificates. If assigned, the regulatory authority shall require the banks issuing these certificates to waive all rights of setoff or liens against those certificates.
            (4) The regulatory authority shall not accept an individual certificate of deposit in an amount in excess of $100,000 or the maximum insurable amount as determined by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation.
            (b) Letters of credit shall be subject to the following conditions:
            (1) The letter may be issued only by a bank organized or authorized to do business in the United States;
            (2) Letters of credit shall be irrevocable during their terms. A letter of credit used as security in areas requiring continuous bond coverage shall be forfeited and shall be collected by the regulatory authority if not replaced by other suitable bond or letter of credit at least 30 days before its expiration date.
            (3) The letter of credit shall be payable to the regulatory authority upon demand, in part or in full, upon receipt from the regulatory authority of a notice of forfeiture issued in accordance with § 800.50.
            (c) Real property posted as a collateral bond shall meet the following conditions:
            (1) The applicant shall grant the regulatory authority a first mortgage, first deed of trust, or perfected first-lien security interest in real property with a right to sell or otherwise dispose of the property in the event of forfeiture under § 800.50.
            (2) In order for the regulatory authority to evaluate the adequacy of the real property offered to satisfy collateral requirements, the applicant shall submit a schedule of the real property which shall be mortgaged or pledged to secure the obligations under the indemnity agreement. The list shall include—
            (i) A description of the property;
            (ii) The fair market value as determined by an independent appraisal conducted by a certified appraiser; and
            (iii) Proof of possession and title to the real property.
            (3) The property may include land which is part of the permit area; however, land pledged as collateral for a bond under this section shall not be disturbed under any permit while it is serving as security under this section.
            (d) Cash accounts shall be subject to the following conditions:
            (1) The regulatory authority may authorize the operator to supplement the bond through the establishment of a cash account in one or more federally-insured or equivalently protected accounts made payable upon demand to, or deposited directly with, the regulatory authority. The total bond including the cash account shall not be less than the amount required under terms of performance bonds including any adjustments, less amounts released in accordance with § 800.40.
            (2) Any interest paid on a cash account shall be retained in the account and applied to the bond value of the account unless the regulatory authority has approved the payment of interest to the operator.
            (3) Certificates of deposit may be substituted for a cash account with the approval of the regulatory authority.
            (4) The regulatory authority shall not accept an individual cash account in an amount in excess of $100,000 or the maximum insurable amount as determined by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation.

            (e)(1) The estimated bond value of all collateral posted as assurance under this section shall be subject to a margin which is the ratio of bond value to market value, as determined by the regulatory authority. The margin shall reflect legal and liquidation fees, as well as value depreciation, marketability, and fluctuations which might affect the net cash available to the regulatory authority to complete reclamation.
            (2) The bond value of collateral may be evaluated at any time but it shall be evaluated as part of permit renewal and, if necessary, the performance bond amount increased or decreased. In no case shall the bond value of collateral exceed the market value.
            (f) Persons with an interest in collateral posted as a bond, and who desire notification of actions pursuant to the bond, shall request the notification in writing to the regulatory authority at the time collateral is offered.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.23
            Self-bonding.
            (a) Definitions. For the purposes of this section only:

              Current assets means cash or other assets or resources which are reasonably expected to be converted to cash or sold or consumed within one year or within the normal operating cycle of the business.

              Current liabilities means obligations which are reasonably expected to be paid or liquidated within one year or within the normal operating cycle of the business.

              Fixed assets means plants and equipment, but does not include land or coal in place.

              Liabilities means obligations to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future as a result of past transactions.

              Net worth means total assets minus total liabilities and is equivalent to owners' equity.

              Parent corporation means a corporation which owns or controls the applicant.

              Tangible net worth means net worth minus intangibles such as goodwill and rights to patents or royalties.
            (b) The regulatory authority may accept a self-bond from an applicant for a permit if all of the following conditions are met by the applicant or its parent corporation guarantor:
            (1) The applicant designates a suitable agent to receive service of process in the State where the proposed surface coal mining operation is to be conducted.
            (2) The applicant has been in continuous operation as a business entity for a period of not less than 5 years. Continuous operation shall mean that business was conducted over a period of 5 years immediately preceding the time of application.
            (i) The regulatory authority may allow a joint venture or syndicate with less than 5 years of continuous operation to qualify under this requirement, if each member of the joint venture or syndicate has been in continuous operation for at least 5 years immediately preceding the time of application.
            (ii) When calculating the period of continuous operation, the regulatory authority may exclude past periods of interruption to the operation of the business entity that were beyond the applicant's control and that do not affect the applicant's likelihood of remaining in business during the proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (3) The applicant submits financial information in sufficient detail to show that the applicant meets one of the following criteria:
            (i) The applicant has a current rating for its most recent bond issuance of “A” or higher as issued by either Moody's Investor Service or Standard and Poor's Corporation;
            (ii) The applicant has a tangible net worth of at least $10 million, a ratio of total liabilities to net worth of 2.5 times or less, and a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 1.2 times or greater; or
            (iii) The applicant's fixed assets in the United States total at least $20 million, and the applicant has a ratio of total liabilities to net worth of 2.5 times or less, and a ratio of current assets to current liabilities of 1.2 times or greater.
            (4) The applicant submits;

            (i) Financial statements for the most recently completed fiscal year accompanied by a report prepared by an independent certified public accountant in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles and containing the accountant's audit opinion or review opinion of the financial statements with no adverse opinion;
            (ii) Unaudited financial statements for completed quarters in the current fiscal year; and
            (iii) Additional unaudited information as requested by the regulatory authority.
            (c)(1) The regulatory authority may accept a written guarantee for an applicant's self-bond from a parent corporation guarantor, if the guarantor meets the conditions of paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section as if it were the applicant. Such a written guarantee shall be referred to as a “corporate guarantee.” The terms of the corporate guarantee shall provide for the following:
            (i) If the applicant fails to complete the reclamation plan, the guarantor shall do so or the guarantor shall be liable under the indemnity agreement to provide funds to the regulatory authority sufficient to complete the reclamation plan, but not to exceed the bond amount.
            (ii) The corporate guarantee shall remain in force unless the guarantor sends notice of cancellation by certified mail to the applicant and to the regulatory authority at least 90 days in advance of the cancellation date, and the regulatory authority accepts the cancellation.
            (iii) The cancellation may be accepted by the regulatory authority if the applicant obtains suitable replacement bond before the cancellation date or if the lands for which the self-bond, or portion thereof, was accepted have not been disturbed.
            (2) The regulatory authority may accept a written guarantee for an applicant's self-bond from any corporate guarantor, whenever the applicant meets the conditions of paragraphs (b)(1), (b)(2) and (b)(4) of this section, and the guarantor meets the conditions of paragraphs (b)(1) through (b)(4) of this section. Such a written guarantee shall be referred to as a “non-parent corporate guarantee.” The terms of this guarantee shall provide for compliance with the conditions of paragraphs (c)(1)(i) through (c)(1)(iii) of this section. The regulatory authority may require the applicant to submit any information specified in paragraph (b)(3) of this section in order to determine the financial capabilities of the applicant.
            (d) For the regulatory authority to accept an applicant's self-bond, the total amount of the outstanding and proposed self-bonds of the applicant for surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall not exceed 25 percent of the applicant's tangible net worth in the United States. For the regulatory authority to accept a corporate guarantee, the total amount of the parent corporation guarantor's present and proposed self-bonds and guaranteed self-bonds for surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall not exceed 25 percent of the guarantor's tangible net worth in the United States. For the regulatory authority to accept a non-parent corporate guarantee, the total amount of the non-parent corporate guarantor's present and proposed self-bonds and guaranteed self-bonds shall not exceed 25 percent of the guarantor's tangible net worth in the United States.
            (e) If the regulatory authority accepts an applicant's self-bond, an indemnity agreement shall be submitted subject to the following requirements:
            (1) The indemnity agreement shall be executed by all persons and parties who are to be bound by it, including the parent corporation guarantor, and shall bind each jointly and severally.
            (2) Corporations applying for a self-bond, and parent and non-parent corporations guaranteeing an applicant's self-bond shall submit an indemnity agreement signed by two corporate officers who are authorized to bind their corporations. A copy of such authorization shall be provided to the regulatory authority along with an affidavit certifying that such an agreement is valid under all applicable Federal and State laws. In addition, the guarantor shall provide a copy of the corporate authorization demonstrating that the corporation may guarantee the self-bond and execute the indemnity agreement.

            (3) If the applicant is a partnership, joint venture or syndicate, the agreement shall bind each partner or party who has a beneficial interest, directly or indirectly, in the applicant.
            (4) Pursuant to § 800.50, the applicant, parent or non-parent corporate guarantor shall be required to complete the approved reclamation plan for the lands in default or to pay to the regulatory authority an amount necessary to complete the approved reclamation plan, not to exceed the bond amount. If permitted under State law, the indemnity agreement when under forfeiture shall operate as a judgment against those parties liable under the indemnity agreement.
            (f) A regulatory authority may require self-bonded applicants, parent and non-parent corporate guarantors to submit an update of the information required under paragraphs (b)(3) and (b)(4) of this section within 90 days after the close of each fiscal year following the issuance of the self-bond or corporate guarantee.
            (g) If at any time during the period when a self-bond is posted, the financial conditions of the applicant, parent or non-parent corporate guarantor change so that the criteria of paragraphs (b)(3) and (d) of this section are not satisfied, the permittee shall notify the regulatory authority immediately and shall within 90 days post an alternate form of bond in the same amount as the self-bond. Should the permittee fail to post an adequate substitute bond, the provisions of § 800.16(e) shall apply.
            [48 FR 36429, Aug. 10, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 997, Jan. 14, 1988; 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.30
            Replacement of bonds.
            (a) The regulatory authority may allow a permittee to replace existing bonds with other bonds that provide equivalent coverage.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall not release existing performance bonds until the permittee has submitted, and the regulatory authority has approved, acceptable replacement performance bonds. Replacement of a performance bond pursuant to this section shall not constitute a release of bond under § 800.40.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.40
            Requirement to release performance bonds.
            (a) Bond release application. (1) The permittee may file an application with the regulatory authority for the release of all or part of a performance bond. Applications may be filed only at times or during seasons authorized by the regulatory authority in order to properly evaluate the completed reclamation operations. The times or seasons appropriate for the evaluation of certain types of reclamation shall be established in the regulatory program or identified in the mining and reclamation plan required in subchapter G of this chapter and approved by the regulatory authority.
            (2) Within 30 days after an application for bond release has been filed with the regulatory authority, the permittee shall submit a copy of an advertisement placed at least once a week for four successive weeks in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality of the surface coal mining operation. The advertisement shall be considered part of any bond release application and shall contain the permittee's name, permit number and approval date, notification of the precise location of the land affected, the number of acres, the type and amount of the bond filed and the portion sought to be released, the type and appropriate dates of reclamation work performed, a description of the results achieved as they relate to the permittee's approved reclamation plan, and the name and address of the regulatory authority to which written comments, objections, or requests for public hearings and informal conferences on the specific bond release may be submitted pursuant to § 800.40 (f) and (h). In addition, as part of any bond release application, the permittee shall submit copies of letters which he or she has sent to adjoining property owners, local governmental bodies, planning agencies, sewage and water treatment authorities, and water companies in the locality in which the surface coal mining and reclamation operation took place, notifying them of the intention to seek release from the bond.

            (3) The permittee shall include in the application for bond release a notarized statement which certifies that all applicable reclamation activities have been accomplished in accordance with the requirements of the Act, the regulatory program, and the approved reclamation plan. Such certification shall be submitted for each application or phase of bond release.
            (b) Inspection by regulatory authority. (1) Upon receipt of the bond release application, the regulatory authority shall, within 30 days, or as soon thereafter as weather conditions permit, conduct an inspection and evaluation of the reclamation work involved. The evaluation shall consider, among other factors, the degree of difficulty to complete any remaining reclamation, whether pollution of surface and subsurface water is occurring, the probability of future occurrence of such pollution, and the estimated cost of abating such pollution. The surface owner, agent, or lessee shall be given notice of such inspection and may participate with the regulatory authority in making the bond release inspection. The regulatory authority may arrange with the permittee to allow access to the permit area, upon request by any person with an interest in bond release, for the purpose of gathering information relevant to the proceeding.
            (2) Within 60 days from the filing of the bond release application, if no public hearing is held pursuant to paragraph (f) of this section, or, within 30 days after a public hearing has been held pursuant to paragraph (f) of this section, the regulatory authority shall notify in writing the permittee, the surety or other persons with an interest in bond collateral who have requested notification under § 800.21(f), and the persons who either filed objections in writing or objectors who were a party to the hearing proceedings, if any, of its decision to release or not to release all or part of the performance bond.
            (c) The regulatory authority may release all or part of the bond for the entire permit area or incremental area if the regulatory authority is satisfied that all the reclamation or a phase of the reclamation covered by the bond or portion thereof has been accomplished in accordance with the following schedules for reclamation of Phases I, II, and III:
            (1) At the completion of Phase I, after the operator completes the backfilling, regrading (which may include the replacement of topsoil) and drainage control of a bonded area in accordance with the approved reclamation plan, 60 percent of the bond or collateral for the applicable area.
            (2) At the completion of Phase II, after revegetation has been established on the regraded mined lands in accordance with the approved reclamation plan, an additional amount of bond. When determining the amount of bond to be released after successful revegetation has been established, the regulatory authority shall retain that amount of bond for the revegetated area which would be sufficient to cover the cost of reestablishing revegetation if completed by a third party and for the period specified for operator responsibility in section 515 of the Act for reestablishing revegetation. No part of the bond or deposit shall be released under this paragraph so long as the lands to which the release would be applicable are contributing suspended solids to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area in excess of the requirements set by section 515(b)(10) of the Act and by subchapter K of this chapter or until soil productivity for prime farmlands has returned to the equivalent levels of yield as nonmined land of the same soil type in the surrounding area under equivalent management practices as determined from the soil survey performed pursuant to section 507(b)(16) of the Act and part 823 of this chapter. Where a silt dam is to be retained as a permanent impoundment pursuant to subchapter K of this chapter, the Phase II portion of the bond may be released under this paragraph so long as provisions for sound future maintenance by the operator or the landowner have been made with the regulatory authority.

            (3) At the completion of Phase III, after the operator has completed successfully all surface coal mining and reclamation activities, the release of the remaining portion of the bond, but not before the expiration of the period specified for operator responsibility in § 816.116 or § 817.116 of this chapter. However, no bond shall be fully released under provisions of this section until reclamation requirements of the Act and the permit are fully met.
            (d) If the regulatory authority disapproves the application for release of the bond or portion thereof, the regulatory authority shall notify the permittee, the surety, and any person with an interest in collateral as provided for in § 800.21(f), in writing, stating the reasons for disapproval and recommending corrective actions necessary to secure the release and allowing an opportunity for a public hearing.
            (e) When any application for total or partial bond release is filed with the regulatory authority, the regulatory authority shall notify the municipality in which the surface coal mining operation is located by certified mail at least 30 days prior to the release of all or a portion of the bond.
            (f) Any person with a valid legal interest which might be adversely affected by release of the bond, or the responsible officer or head of any Federal, State, or local governmental agency which has jurisdiction by law or special expertise with respect to any environmental, social, or economic impact involved in the operation or which is authorized to develop and enforce environmental standards with respect to such operations, shall have the right to file written objections to the proposed release from bond with the regulatory authority within 30 days after the last publication of the notice required by § 800.40(a)(2). If written objections are filed and a hearing is requested, the regulatory authority shall inform all the interested parties of the time and place of the hearing, and shall hold a public hearing within 30 days after receipt of the request for the hearing. The date, time, and location of the public hearing shall be advertised by the regulatory authority in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality for two consecutive weeks. The public hearing shall be held in the locality of the surface coal mining operation from which bond release is sought, at the location of the regulatory authority office, or at the State capital, at the option of the objector.
            (g) For the purpose of the hearing under paragraph (f) of this section, the regulatory authority shall have the authority to administer oaths, subpoena witnesses or written or printed material, compel the attendance of witnesses or the production of materials, and take evidence including, but not limited to, inspection of the land affected and other surface coal mining operations carried on by the applicant in the general vicinity. A verbatim record of each public hearing shall be made, and a transcript shall be made available on the motion of any party or by order of the regulatory authority.
            (h) Without prejudice to the right of an objector or the applicant, the regulatory authority may hold an informal conference as provided in section 513(b) of the Act to resolve such written objections. The regulatory authority shall make a record of the informal conference unless waived by all parties, which shall be accessible to all parties. The regulatory authority shall also furnish all parties of the informal conference with a written finding of the regulatory authority based on the informal conference, and the reasons for said finding.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 53 FR 998, Jan. 14, 1988; 56 FR 59994, Nov. 26, 1991; 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.50
            Forfeiture of bonds.
            (a) If an operator refuses or is unable to conduct reclamation of an unabated violation, if the terms of the permit are not met, or if the operator defaults on the conditions under which the bond was accepted, the regulatory authority shall take the following action to forfeit all or part of a bond or bonds for any permit area or an increment of a permit area:
            (1) Send written notification by certified mail, return receipt requested, to the permittee and the surety on the bond, if any, informing them of the determination to forfeit all or part of the bond, including the reasons for the forfeiture and the amount to be forfeited. The amount shall be based on the estimated total cost of achieving the reclamation plan requirements.

            (2) Advise the permittee and surety, if applicable, of the conditions under which forfeiture may be avoided. Such conditions may include, but are not limited to—
            (i) Agreement by the permittee or another party to perform reclamation operations in accordance with a compliance schedule which meets the conditions of the permit, the reclamation plan, and the regulatory program and a demonstration that such party has the ability to satisfy the conditions; or
            (ii) The regulatory authority may allow a surety to complete the reclamation plan, or the portion of the reclamation plan applicable to the bonded phase or increment, if the surety can demonstrate an ability to complete the reclamation in accordance with the approved reclamation plan. Except where the regulatory authority may approve partial release authorized under § 800.40, no surety liability shall be released until successful completion of all reclamation under the terms of the permit, including applicable liability periods of § 800.13.
            (b) In the event forfeiture of the bond is required by this section, the regulatory authority shall—
            (1) Proceed to collect the forfeited amount as provided by applicable laws for the collection of defaulted bonds or other debts if actions to avoid forfeiture have not been taken, or if rights of appeal, if any, have not been exercised within a time established by the regulatory authority, or if such appeal, if taken, is unsuccessful.
            (2) Use funds collected from bond forfeiture to complete the reclamation plan, or portion thereof, on the permit area or increment, to which bond coverage applies.
            (c) Upon default, the regulatory authority may cause the forfeiture of any and all bonds deposited to complete reclamation for which the bonds were posted. Unless specifically limited, as provided in § 800.11(b), bond liability shall extend to the entire permit area under conditions of forfeiture.
            (d)(1) In the event the estimated amount forfeited is insufficient to pay for the full cost of reclamation, the operator shall be liable for remaining costs. The regulatory authority may complete, or authorize completion of, reclamation of the bonded area and may recover from the operator all costs of reclamation in excess of the amount forfeited.
            (2) In the event the amount of performance bond forfeited was more than the amount necessary to complete reclamation, the unused funds shall be returned by the regulatory authority to the party from whom they were collected.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.60
            Terms and conditions for liability insurance.
            (a) The regulatory authority shall require the applicant to submit as part of its permit application a certificate issued by an insurance company authorized to do business in the United States certifying that the applicant has a public liability insurance policy in force for the surface coal mining and reclamation operations for which the permit is sought. Such policy shall provide for personal injury and property damage protection in an amount adequate to compensate any persons injured or property damaged as a result of the surface coal mining and reclamation operations, including the use of explosives, and who are entitled to compensation under the applicable provisions of State law. Minimum insurance coverage for bodily injury and property damage shall be $300,000 for each occurrence and $500,000 aggregate.
            (b) The policy shall be maintained in full force during the life of the permit or any renewal thereof and the liability period necessary to complete all reclamation operations under this Chapter.
            (c) The policy shall include a rider requiring that the insurer notify the regulatory authority whenever substantive changes are made in the policy including any termination or failure to renew.

            (d) The regulatory authority may accept from the applicant, in lieu of a certificate for a public liability insurance policy, satisfactory evidence from the applicant that it satisfies applicable State self-insurance requirements approved as part of the regulatory program and the requirements of this section.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 54 FR 13823, Apr. 5, 1989; 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 800.70
            Bonding for anthracite operations in Pennsylvania.
            (a) All of the provisions of this subchapter shall apply to bonding and insuring anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in Pennsylvania except that—
            (1) Specified bond limits shall be determined by the regulatory authority in accordance with applicable provisions of Pennsylvania statutes, rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and implementing policies of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources.
            (2) The period of liability for responsibility under each bond shall be established for those operations in accordance with applicable laws of the State of Pennsylvania, rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, and implementing policies of the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources.
            (b) Upon amendment of the Pennsylvania permanent regulatory program with respect to specified bond limits and period of revegetation responsibility for anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations, any person engaging in or seeking to engage in those operations shall comply with additional regulations the Secretary may issue as are necessary to meet the purposes of the Act.
            [48 FR 32959, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93381, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54972, Nov. 17, 2017]

        SUBCHAPTER K—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS

          Pt. 810
          PART 810—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—GENERAL PROVISIONS

            Sec.
            810.1
            Scope.
            810.2
            Objective.
            810.3
            Authority.
            810.4
            Responsibility.
            810.11
            Applicability.

            Authority:
            Secs. 102, 201, 501(b), 503, 504, 505, 512, 515, 516 and 517, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 448, 449, 468, 470, 471, 473, 483, 486, 495, and 498 (30 U.S.C. 1202, 1211, 1251, 1253, 1254, 1255, 1262, 1265, 1266, and 1267).

            Source:
            44 FR 15393, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            § 810.1
            Scope.
            This subchapter sets forth the minimum performance standards and design requirements to be adopted and implemented under a regulatory program for coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations.

            § 810.2
            Objective.
            The objective of this subchapter is to ensure that coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations are conducted in manners which are compatible with the environmental, social, and esthetic needs of the Nation. Accordingly, the performance standards and design requirements in this subchapter will provide for—
            (a) Protection of the health, safety, and general welfare of mine workers and the public;
            (b) Maximum use and conservation of the solid fuel resource being recovered so that reaffecting the land through future surface coal mining operations can be minimized;
            (c) Prompt reclamation of all affected areas to conditions that are capable of supporting the premining land uses or higher or better land uses;
            (d) Reclamation of land affected by surface coal mining operations as contemporaneously as practicable with mining operations;
            (e) Minimizing, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, disturbances and adverse impacts on fish, wildlife, and other related environmental values, and enhancement of such resources where practicable;
            (f) Revegetation which achieves a prompt vegetative cover and recovery of productivity levels compatible with approved land uses;
            (g) Minimum disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance at the mine-site and in associated off-site areas, and to the quality and quantity of water in surface and ground water systems;
            (h) Protection of fragile and historic lands where surface coal mining operations could result in significant damage to important historic, cultural, scientific, or esthetic values and natural systems;
            (i) Confinement of surface coal mining and reclamation operations including, but not limited to, the location of spoil disposal areas to lands within the permit area; and
            (j) Striking a balance between protection of the environment and agricultural productivity and the Nation's need for coal as an essential source of energy.

            (k) Protection of endangered and threatened species and their critical habitats as determined by the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).

            § 810.3
            Authority.
            The Secretary shall approve and promulgate minimum coal exploration and surface mining and reclamation operations performance standards and design requirements applicable under regulatory programs which are at least as stringent as subchapter K in accordance with subchapter C of this chapter.

            § 810.4
            Responsibility.

            (a) The Director shall ensure that performance standards and design requirements at least as stringent as the standards of this subchapter are implemented and enforced under every regulatory program.
            (b) The State regulatory authority shall ensure that performance standards and design requirements at least as stringent as the standards in this subchapter are implemented and enforced under every State program.
            (c) Each person conducting coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations is responsible for complying with performance standards and design requirements which are at least as stringent as the standards in this subchapter and the applicable regulatory program.

            § 810.11
            Applicability.
            Part 815 applies to all coal exploration conducted under regulatory programs. part 816 applies to all surface mining activities conducted under regulatory programs. Part 817 applies to all underground mining activities conducted under regulatory programs. Parts 818 through 828 apply to certain special categories of surface coal mining and reclamation operations. Parts 816 and 817 apply to each of those special categories of operations, except to the extent that a provision of parts 818 through 828 specifically exempts a particular category from a particular requirement of part 816 or part 817.

          Pt. 815
          PART 815—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—COAL EXPLORATION

            Sec.
            815.1
            Scope and purpose.
            815.2
            Permitting information.
            815.13
            Required documents.
            815.15
            Performance standards for coal exploration.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., as amended; and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            48 FR 40636, Sept. 8, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 815.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part sets forth performance standards required for coal exploration which substantially disturbs the natural land surface. At the discretion of the regulatory authority, coal exploration operations may be further required to comply with the applicable standards of 30 CFR parts 816 through 828.

            § 815.2
            Permitting information.
            Notwithstanding cross-references in other parts which may be otherwise construed, part 772 establishes the notice and permit information requirements for coal exploration.
            [53 FR 52950, Dec. 29, 1988]

            § 815.13
            Required documents.
            Each person who conducts coal exploration which substantially disturbs the natural land surface shall, while in the exploration area, have available a copy of the filed notice of intention to explore or a copy of the exploration permit for review by the authorized representative of the regulatory authority upon request.

            § 815.15
            Performance standards for coal exploration.

            (a) Habitats of unique or unusually high value for fish, wildlife, and other related environmental values and critical habitats of threatened or endangered species identified pursuant to the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) shall not be disturbed during coal exploration.
            (b) All roads or other transportation facilities used for coal exploration shall comply with the applicable provisions of §§ 816.150 (b) through (f), 816.180, and 816.181 of this chapter.
            (c) If excavations, artificially flat areas, or embankments are created during exploration, these areas shall be returned to the approximate original contour promptly after such features are no longer needed for coal exploration.
            (d) Topsoil shall be separately removed, stored, and redistributed on areas disturbed by coal exploration activities as necessary to assure successful revegetation or as required by the regulatory authority.

            (e) All areas disturbed by coal exploration activities shall be revegetated in a manner that encourages prompt revegetation and recovery of a diverse, effective, and permanent vegetative cover. Revegetation shall be accomplished in accordance with the following:

            (1) All areas disturbed by coal exploration activities shall be seeded or planted to the same seasonal variety native to the areas disturbed. If the land use of the exploration area is intensive agriculture, planting of the crops normally grown will meet the requirements of this paragraph.
            (2) The vegetative cover shall be capable of stabilizing the soil surface from erosion.
            (f) Diversions of overland flows and ephemeral, perennial, or intermittent streams shall be made in accordance with § 816.43 of this chapter.
            (g) Each exploration hole, borehole, well, or other exposed underground opening created during exploration shall be reclaimed in accordance with §§ 816.13 through 816.15 of this chapter.
            (h) All facilities and equipment shall be promptly removed from the exploration area when they are no longer needed for exploration, except for those facilities and equipment that the regulatory authority determines may remain to—
            (1) Provide additional environmental data,
            (2) Reduce or control the onsite and offsite effects of the exploration activities, or
            (3) Facilitate future surface mining and reclamation operations by the person conducting the exploration.
            (i) Coal exploration shall be conducted in a manner which minimizes disturbance of the prevailing hydrologic balance in accordance with §§ 816.41 through 816.49 of this chapter. The regulatory authority may specify additional measures which shall be adopted by the person engaged in coal exploration.
            (j) Acid- or toxic-forming materials shall be handled and disposed of in accordance with §§ 816.41(b), 816.41(f), and 816.102(e) of this chapter. The regulatory authority may specify additional measures which shall be adopted by the person engaged in coal exploration.
            [48 FR 40636, Sept. 8, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 45211, Nov. 8, 1988]

          Pt. 816
          PART 816—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—SURFACE MINING ACTIVITIES

            Sec.
            816.1
            Scope.
            816.2
            Objectives.
            816.10
            Information collection.
            816.11
            Signs and markers.
            816.13
            Casing and sealing of drilled holes: General requirements.
            816.14
            Casing and sealing of drilled holes: Temporary.
            816.15
            Casing and sealing of drilled holes: Permanent.
            816.22
            Topsoil and subsoil.
            816.41
            Hydrologic-balance protection.
            816.42
            Hydrologic balance: Water quality standards and effluent limitations.
            816.43
            Diversions.
            816.45
            Hydrologic balance: Sediment control measures.
            816.46
            Hydrologic balance: Siltation structures.
            816.47
            Hydrologic balance: Discharge structures.
            816.49
            Impoundments.
            816.56
            Postmining rehabilitation of sedimentation ponds, diversions, impoundments, and treatment facilities.
            816.57
            Hydrologic balance: Stream buffer zones.
            816.59
            Coal recovery.
            816.61
            Use of explosives: General requirements.
            816.62
            Use of explosives: Preblasting survey.
            816.64
            Use of explosives: Blasting schedule.
            816.66
            Use of explosives: Blasting signs, warnings, and access control.
            816.67
            Use of explosives: Control of adverse effects.
            816.68
            Use of explosives: Records of blasting operations.
            816.71
            Disposal of excess spoil: General requirements.
            816.72
            Disposal of excess spoil: Valley fills/head-of-hollow fills.
            816.73
            Disposal of excess spoil: Durable rock fills.
            816.74
            Disposal of excess spoil: Preexisting benches.
            816.79
            Protection of underground mining.
            816.81
            Coal mine waste: General requirements.
            816.83
            Coal mine waste: Refuse piles.
            816.84
            Coal mine waste: Impounding structures.
            816.87
            Coal mine waste: Burning and burned waste utilization.
            816.89
            Disposal of noncoal mine wastes.
            816.95
            Stabilization of surface areas.
            816.97
            Protection of fish, wildlife, and related environmental values.
            816.99
            Slides and other damage.
            816.100
            Contemporaneous reclamation.

            816.101
            Backfilling and grading: Time and distance requirements.
            816.102
            Backfilling and grading: General grading requirements.
            816.104
            Backfilling and grading: Thin overburden.
            816.105
            Backfilling and grading: Thick overburden.
            816.106
            Backfilling and grading: Previously mined areas.
            816.107
            Backfilling and grading: Steep slopes.
            816.111
            Revegetation: General requirements.
            816.113
            Revegetation: Timing.
            816.114
            Revegetation: Mulching and other soil stabilizing practices.
            816.116
            Revegetation: Standards for success.
            816.131
            Cessation of operations: Temporary.
            816.132
            Cessation of operations: Permanent.
            816.133
            Postmining land use.
            816.150
            Roads: General.
            816.151
            Primary roads.
            816.180
            Utility installations.
            816.181
            Support facilities.
            816.200
            Interpretative rules related to general performance standards.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.; and sec 115 of Pub. L. 98-146.

            Source:
            44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 816 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 816.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth the minimum environmental protection performance standards to be adopted and implemented under regulatory programs for surface mining activities.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.2
            Objectives.
            This part is intended to ensure that all surface mining activities are conducted in a manner which preserves and enhances environmental and other values in accordance with the Act.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.10
            Information collection.

            (a) The collections of information contained in part 816 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0047. The information will be used by the regulatory authority to monitor and inspect surface coal mining activities to ensure that they are in compliance with the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act. Response is required to obtain a benefit.
            (b) Public Reporting Burden for this information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Information Collection Clearance Officer, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, 1951 Constitution Ave. NW., Room 203, Washington, DC 20240; and the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (1029-0047), Washington, DC 20503.
            [79 FR 76231, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.11
            Signs and markers.
            (a) Specifications. Signs and markers required under this part shall—
            (1) Be posted and maintained by the person who conducts the surface mining activities;
            (2) Be of a uniform design throughout the operation that can be easily seen and read;
            (3) Be made of durable material; and
            (4) Conform to local ordinances and codes.
            (b) Duration of maintenance. Signs and markers shall be maintained during the conduct of all activities to which they pertain.
            (c) Mine and permit identification signs. (1) Identification signs shall be displayed at each point of access to the permit area from public roads.

            (2) Signs shall show the name, business address, and telephone number of the person who conducts the surface mining activities and the identification number of the current permit authorizing surface mining activities.

            (3) Signs shall be retained and maintained until after the release of all bonds for the permit area.
            (d) Perimeter markers. The perimeter of a permit area shall be clearly marked before the beginning of surface mining activities.
            (e) Buffer zone markers. Buffer zones shall be marked along their boundaries as required under § 816.57.
            (f) Topsoil markers. Where topsoil or other vegetation-supporting material is segregated and stockpiled as required under § 816.22, the stockpiled material shall be clearly marked.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 9806, Mar. 8, 1983; 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 73 FR 75882, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76231, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.13
            Casing and sealing of drilled holes: General requirements.
            Each exploration hole, other drill or borehole, well, or other exposed underground opening shall be cased, sealed, or otherwise managed, as approved by the regulatory authority, to prevent acid or other toxic drainage from entering ground or surface waters, to minimize disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance, and to ensure the safety of people, livestock, fish and wildlife, and machinery in the permit area and adjacent area. If these openings are uncovered or exposed by surface mining activities within the permit area they shall be permanently closed, unless approved for water monitoring, or otherwise managed in a manner approved by the regulatory authority. Use of a drilled hole or borehole or monitoring well as a water well must meet the provisions of § 816.41 of this part. This section does not apply to holes solely drilled and used for blasting.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 48 FR 43990, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.14
            Casing and sealing of drilled holes: Temporary.
            Each exploration hole, other drill or boreholes, wells and other exposed underground openings which have been identified in the approved permit application for use to return coal processing waste or water to underground workings, or to be used to monitor ground water conditions, shall be temporarily sealed before use and protected during use by barricades, or fences, or other protective devices approved by the regulatory authority. These devices shall be periodically inspected and maintained in good operating condition by the person who conducts the surface mining activities.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49686, Aug. 24, 1979; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.15
            Casing and sealing of drilled holes: Permanent.
            When no longer needed for monitoring or other use approved by the regulatory authority upon a finding of no adverse environmental or health and safety effect, or unless approved for transfer as a water well under § 816.41, each exploration hole, other drilled hole or borehole, well, and other exposed underground opening shall be capped, sealed, backfilled, or otherwise properly managed, as required by the regulatory authority, under § 816.13 and consistent with 30 CFR 75.1711. Permanent closure measures shall be designed to prevent access to the mine workings by people, livestock, fish and wildlife, and machinery, and to keep acid or other toxic drainage from entering ground or surface waters.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 43990, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.22
            Topsoil and subsoil.
            (a) Removal. (1)(i) All topsoil shall be removed as a separate layer from the area to be disturbed, and segregated.
            (ii) Where the topsoil is of insufficient quantity or poor quality for sustaining vegetation, the materials approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section shall be removed as a separate layer from the area to be disturbed, and segregated.

            (2) If topsoil is less than 6 inches thick, the operator may remove the topsoil and the unconsolidated materials immediately below the topsoil and treat the mixture as topsoil.

            (3) The regulatory authority may choose not to require the removal of topsoil for minor disturbances which—
            (i) Occur at the site of small structures, such as power poles, signs, or fence lines; or
            (ii) Will not destroy the existing vegetation and will not cause erosion.
            (4) Timing. All material to be removed under this section shall be removed after the vegetative cover that would interfere with its salvage is cleared from the area to be disturbed, but before any drilling, blasting, mining, or other surface disturbance takes place.
            (b) Substitutes and supplements. Selected overburden materials may be substituted for, or used as a supplement to topsoil if the operator demonstrates to the regulatory authority that the resulting soil medium is equal to, or more suitable for sustaining vegetation than, the existing topsoil, and the resulting soil medium is the best available in the permit area to support revegetation.
            (c) Storage. (1) Materials removed under paragraph (a) of this section shall be segregated and stockpiled when it is impractical to redistribute such materials promptly on regraded areas.
            (2) Stockpiled materials shall—
            (i) Be selectively placed on a stable site within the permit area;
            (ii) Be protected from contaminants and unnecessary compaction that would interfere with revegetation;
            (iii) Be protected from wind and water erosion through prompt establishment and maintenance of an effective, quick growing vegetative cover or through other measures approved by the regulatory authority; and
            (iv) Not be moved until required for redistribution unless approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) Where long-term surface disturbances will result from facilities such as support facilities and preparation plants and where stockpiling of materials removed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section would be detrimental to the quality or quantity of those materials, the regulatory authority may approve the temporary distribution of the soil materials so removed to an approved site within the permit area to enhance the current use of that site until needed for later reclamation, provided that—
            (i) Such action will not permanently diminish the capability of the topsoil of the host site; and
            (ii) The material will be retained in a condition more suitable for redistribution than if stockpiled.
            (d) Redistribution. (1) Topsoil materials and topsoil substitutes and supplements removed under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section shall be redistributed in a manner that—
            (i) Achieves an approximately uniform, stable thickness when consistent with the approved postmining land use, contours, and surface-water drainage systems. Soil thickness may also be varied to the extent such variations help meet the specific revegetation goals identified in the permit;
            (ii) Prevents excess compaction of the materials; and
            (iii) Protects the materials from wind and water erosion before and after seeding and planting.
            (2) Before redistribution of the material removed under paragraph (a) of this section the regraded land shall be treated if necessary to reduce potential slippage of the redistributed material and to promote root penetration. If no harm will be caused to the redistributed material and reestablished vegetation, such treatment may be conducted after such material is replaced.
            (3) The regulatory authority may choose not to require the redistribution of topsoil or topsoil substitutes on the approved postmining embankments of permanent impoundments or of roads if it determines that—
            (i) Placement of topsoil or topsoil substitutes on such embankments is inconsistent with the requirement to use the best technology currently available to prevent sedimentation, and
            (ii) Such enbankments will be otherwise stabilized.
            (4) Nutrients and soil amendments. Nutrients and soil amendments shall be applied to the initially redistributed material when necessary to establish the vegetative cover.
            (e) Subsoil segregation. The regulatory authority may require that the B horizon, C horizon, or other underlying strata, or portions thereof, be removed and segrgated, stockpiled, and redistributed as subsoil in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section if it finds that such subsoil layers are necessary to comply with the revegetation requirements of §§ 816.111, 816.113, 816.114, and 816.116 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 22100, May 16, 1983, as amended at 71 FR 51705, Aug. 30, 2006; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.41
            Hydrologic-balance protection.
            (a) General. All surface mining and reclamation activities shall be conducted to minimize disturbance of the hydrologic balance within the permit and adjacent areas, to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area, to assure the protection or replacement of water rights, and to support approved postmining land uses in accordance with the terms and conditions of the approved permit and the performance standards of this part. The regulatory authority may require additional preventative, remedial, or monitoring measures to assure that material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area is prevented. Mining and reclamation practices that minimize water pollution and changes in flow shall be used in preference to water treatment.
            (b) Ground-water protection. In order to protect the hydrologic balance, surface mining activities shall be conducted according to the plan approved under § 780.21(h) of this chapter and the following:
            (1) Ground-water quality shall be protected by handling earth materials and runoff in a manner that minimizes acidic, toxic, or other harmful infiltration to ground-water systems and by managing excavations and other disturbances to prevent or control the discharge of pollutants into the ground water.
            (2) Ground-water quantity shall be protected by handling earth materials and runoff in a manner that will restore the approximate premining recharge capacity of the reclaimed area as a whole, excluding coal mine waste disposal areas and fills, so as to allow the movement of water to the ground-water system.
            (c) Ground-water monitoring. (1) Ground-water monitoring shall be conducted according to the ground-water monitoring plan approved under § 780.21(i) of this chapter. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring when necessary.
            (2) Ground-water monitoring data shall be submitted every 3 months to the regulatory authority or more frequently as prescribed by the regulatory authority. Monitoring reports shall include analytical results from each sample taken during the reporting period. When the analysis of any ground-water sample indicates noncompliance with the permit conditions, then the operator shall promptly notify the regulatory authority and immediately take the actions provided for in §§ 773.17(e) and 780.21(h) of this chapter.
            (3) Ground-water monitoring shall proceed through mining and continue during reclamation until bond release. Consistent with the procedures of § 774.13 of this chapter, the regulatory authority may modify the monitoring requirements, including the parameters covered and the sampling frequency, if the operator demonstrates, using the monitoring data obtained under this paragraph, that—
            (i) The operation has minimized disturbance to the hydrologic balance in the permit and adjacent areas and prevented material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area; water quantity and quality are suitable to support approved postmining land uses; and the water rights of other users have been protected or replaced; or
            (ii) Monitoring is no longer necessary to achieve the purposes set forth in the monitoring plan approved under § 780.21(i) of this chapter.
            (4) Equipment, structures, and other devices used in conjuction with monitoring the quality and quantity of ground water onsite and offsite shall be properly installed, maintained, and operated and shall be removed by the operator when no longer needed.
            (d) Surface-water protection. In order to protect the hydrologic balance, surface mining activities shall be conducted according to the plan approved under § 780.21(h) of this chapter, and the following:
            (1) Surface-water quality shall be protected by handling earth materials, ground-water discharges, and runoff in a manner that minimizes the formation of acidic or toxic drainage; prevents, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, additional contribution of suspended solids to streamflow outside the permit area; and otherwise prevents water pollution. If drainage control, restabilization and revegetation of disturbed areas, diversion of runoff, mulching, or other reclamation and remedial practices are not adequate to meet the requirements of this section and § 816.42, the operator shall use and maintain the necessary water-treatment facilities or water quality controls.
            (2) Surface-water quality and flow rates shall be protected by handling earth materials and runoff in accordance with the steps outlined in the plan approved under § 780.21(h) of this chapter.
            (e) Surface-water monitoring. (1) Surface-water monitoring shall be conducted according to the surface-water monitoring plan approved under § 780.21(j) of this chapter. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring when necessary.
            (2) Surface-water monitoring data shcll be submitted every 3 months to the regulatory authority or more frequently as prescribed by the regulatory authority. Monitoring reports shall include analytical results from each sample taken during the reporting period. When the analysis of any surface-water sample indicates noncompliance with the permit conditions, the operator shall promptly notify the regulatory authority and immediately take the actions provided for in §§ 773.17(e) and 780.21(h) of this chapter. The reporting requirements of this paragraph do not exempt the operator from meeting any National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) reporting requirements.
            (3) Surface-water monitoring shall proceed through mining and continue during reclamation until bond release. Consistent with § 774.13 of this chapter, the regulatory authority may modify the monitoring requirements, except those required by the NPDES permitting authority, including the parameters covered and sampling frequency if the operator demonstrates, using the monitoring data obtained under this paragraph, that—
            (i) The operation has minimized disturbance to the hydrologic balance in the permit and adjacent areas and prevented material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area; water quantity and quality are suitable to support approved postmining land uses; and the water rights of other users have been protected or replaced; or
            (ii) Monitoring is no longer necessary to achieve the purposes set forth in the monitoring plan approved under § 780.21(j) of this chapter.
            (4) Equipment, structures, and other devices used in conjunction with monitoring the quality and quantity of surface water onsite and offsite shall be properly installed, maintained, and operated and shall be removed by the operator when no longer needed.
            (f) Acid- and toxic-forming materials. (1) Drainage from acid- and toxic-forming materials into surface water and ground water shall be avoided by—
            (i) Identifying and burying and/or treating, when necessary, materials which may adversely affect water quality, or be detrimental to vegetation or to public health and safety if not buried and/or treated, and
            (ii) Storing materials in a manner that will protect surface water and ground water by preventing erosion, the formation of polluted runoff, and the infiltration of polluted water. Storage shall be limited to the period until burial and/or treatment first become feasible, and so long as storage will not result in any risk of water pollution or other environmental damage.
            (2) Storage, burial or treatment practices shall be consistent with other material handling and disposal provisions of this chapter.
            (g) Transfer of wells. Before final release of bond, exploratory or monitoring wells shall be sealed in a safe and environmentally sound manner in accordance with §§ 816.13 to 816.15. With the prior approval of the regulatory authority, wells may be transferred to another party for further use. At a minimum, the conditions of such transfer shall comply with State and local law and the permittee shall remain responsible for the proper management of the well until bond release in accordance with §§ 816.13 to 816.15.
            (h) Water rights and replacement. Any person who conducts surface mining activities shall replace the water supply of an owner of interest in real property who obtains all or part of his or her supply of water for domestic, agricultural, industrial, or other legitimate use from an underground or surface source, where the water supply has been adversely impacted by contamination, diminution, or interruption proximately resulting from the surface mining activities. Baseline hydrologic information required in §§ 780.21 and 780.22 of this chapter shall be used to determine the extent of the impact of mining upon ground water and surface water.
            (i) Discharges into an underground mine. (1) Discharges into an underground mine are prohibited, unless specifically approved by the regulatory authority after a demonstration that the discharge will—
            (i) Minimize disturbance to the hydrologic balance on the permit area, prevent material damage outside the permit area and otherwise eliminate public hazards resulting from surface mining activities;
            (ii) Not result in a violation of applicable water quality standards or effluent limitations;
            (iii) Be at a known rate and quality which shall meet the effluent limitations of § 816.42 for pH and total suspended solids, except that the pH and total suspended-solids limitations may be exceeded, if approved by the regulatory authority; and
            (iv) Meet with the approval of the Mine Safety and Health Administration.
            (2) Discharges shall be limited to the following:
            (i) Water;
            (ii) Coal processing waste;
            (iii) Fly ash from a coal-fired facility;
            (iv) Sludge from an acid-mine-drainage treatment facility;
            (v) Flue-gas desulfurization sludge;
            (vi) Inert materials used for stabilizing underground mines; and
            (vii) Underground mine development wastes.
            [48 FR 43990, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.42
            Hydrologic balance: Water quality standards and effluent limitations.
            Discharges of water from areas disturbed by surface mining activities shall be made in compliance with all applicable State and Federal water quality laws and regulations and with the effluent limitations for coal mining promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency set forth in 40 CFR part 434.
            [47 FR 47222, Oct. 22, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 44051, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.43
            Diversions.
            (a) General requirements. (1) With the approval of the regulatory authority, any flow from mined areas abandoned before May 3, 1978, and any flow from undisturbed areas or reclaimed areas, after meeting the criteria of § 816.46 for siltation structure removal, may be diverted from disturbed areas by means of temporary or permanent diversions. All diversions shall be designed to minimize adverse impacts to the hydrologic balance within the permit and adjacent areas, to prevent material damage outside the permit area and to assure the safety of the public. Diversions shall not be used to divert water into underground mines without approval of the regulatory authority under § 816.41(i).
            (2) The diversion and its appurtenant structures shall be designed, located, constructed, maintained and used to—
            (i) Be stable;
            (ii) Provide protection against flooding and resultant damage to life and property;
            (iii) Prevent, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow outside the permit area; and

            (iv) Comply with all applicable local, State, and Federal laws and regulations.

            (3) Temporary diversions shall be removed promptly when no longer needed to achieve the purpose for which they were authorized. The land disturbed by the removal process shall be restored in accordance with this part. Before diversions are removed, downstream water-treatment facilities previously protected by the diversion shall be modified or removed, as necessary, to prevent overtopping or failure of the facilities. This requirement shall not relieve the operator from maintaining water-treatment facilities as otherwise required. A permanent diversion or a stream channel reclaimed after the removal of a temporary diversion shall be designed and constructed so as to restore or approximate the premining characteristics of the original stream channel including the natural riparian vegetation to promote the recovery and the enhancement of the aquatic habitat.
            (4) The regulatory authority may specify design criteria for diversions to meet the requirements of this section.
            (b) Diversion of perennial and intermittent streams. (1) Diversion of perennial and intermittent streams within the permit area may be approved by the regulatory authority after making the finding relating to stream buffer zones that the diversion will not adversely affect the water quantity and quality and related environmental resources of the stream.
            (2) The design capacity of channels for temporary and permanent stream channel diversions shall be at least equal to the capacity of the unmodified stream channel immediately upstream and downstream from the diversion.
            (3) The requirements of paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section shall be met when the temporary and permanent diversions for perennial and intermittent streams are designed so that the combination of channel, bank and flood-plain configuration is adequate to pass safely the peak runoff of a 10-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a temporary diversion and a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a permanent diversion.
            (4) The design and construction of all stream channel diversions of perennial and intermittent streams shall be certified by a qualified registered professional engineer as meeting the performance standards of this part and any design criteria set by the regulatory authority.
            (c) Diversion of miscellaneous flows. (1) Miscellaneous flows, which consist of all flows except for perennial and intermittent streams, may be diverted away from disturbed areas if required or approved by the regulatory authority. Miscellaneous flows shall include ground-water discharges and ephemeral streams.
            (2) The design, location, construction, maintenance, and removal of diversions of miscellaneous flows shall meet all of the performance standards set forth in paragraph (a) of this section:
            (3) The requirements of paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section shall be met when the temporary and permanent diversions for miscellaneous flows are designed so that the combination of channel, bank and flood-plain configuration is adequate to pass safely the peak runoff of a 2-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a temporary diversion and a 10-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a permanent diversion.
            [48 FR 43991, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 75882, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76231, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.45
            Hydrologic balance: Sediment control measures.
            (a) Appropriate sediment control measures shall be designed, constructed, and maintained using the best technology currently available to:
            (1) Prevent, to the extent possible, additional contributions of sediment to streamflow or to runoff outside the permit area,
            (2) Meet the more stringent of applicable State or Federal effluent limitations,
            (3) Minimize erosion to the extent possible.

            (b) Sediment control measures include practices carried out within and adjacent to the disturbed area. The sedimentation storage capacity of practices in and downstream from the disturbed area shall reflect the degree to which successful mining and reclamation techniques are applied to reduce erosion and control sediment. Sediment control measures consist of the utilization of proper mining and reclamation methods and sediment control practices, singly or in combination. Sediment control methods include but are not limited to—
            (1) Disturbing the smallest practicable area at any one time during the mining operation through progressive backfilling, grading, and prompt revegetation as required in § 816.111(b);
            (2) Stabilizing the backfill material to promote a reduction in the rate and volume of runoff, in accordance with the requirements of § 816.102;
            (3) Retaining sediment within disturbed areas;
            (4) Diverting runoff away from disturbed areas;
            (5) Diverting runoff using protected channels or pipes through disturbed areas so as not to cause additional erosion;
            (6) Using straw dikes, riprap, check dams, mulches, vegetative sediment filters, dugout ponds, and other measures that reduce overland flow velocity, reduce runoff volume, or trap sediment; and
            (7) Treating with chemicals.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.46
            Hydrologic balance: Siltation structures.
            (a) For the purpose of this section only, disturbed areas shall not include those areas—
            (1) In which the only surface mining activities include diversion ditches, siltation structures, or roads that are designed constructed and maintained in accordance with this part; and
            (2) For which the upstream area is not otherwise disturbed by the operator.
            (b) General requirements. (1) Additional contributions of suspended solids sediment to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area shall be prevented to the extent possible using the best technology currently available.
            (2) All surface drainage from the disturbed area shall be passed through a siltation structure before leaving the permit area, except as provided in paragraph (b)(5) or (e) of this section. The requirements of this paragraph are suspended effective December 22, 1986, per court order.
            (3) Siltation structures for an area shall be constructed before beginning any surface mining activities in that area, and upon construction shall be certified by a qualified registered professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify plans in accordance with § 780.25(a) of this chapter a qualified registered professional land surveyor, to be constructed as designed and as approved in the reclamation plan.
            (4) Any siltation structure which impounds water shall be designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with § 816.49 of this chapter.
            (5) Siltation structures shall be maintained until removal is authorized by the regulatory authority and the disturbed area has been stabilized and revegetated. In no case shall the structure be removed sooner than 2 years after the last augmented seeding.
            (6) When siltation structure is removed, the land on which the siltation structure was located shall be regraded and revegetated in accordance with the reclamation plan and §§ 816.111 through 816.116 of this chapter. Sedimentation ponds approved by the regulatory authority for retention as permanent impoundments may be exempted from this requirement.
            (c) Sedimentation ponds. (1) When used, sedimentation ponds shall—
            (i) Be used individually or in series;
            (ii) Be located as near as possible to the disturbed area and out of perennial streams unless approved by the regulatory authority, and
            (iii) Be designed, constructed, and maintained to—
            (A) Provide adequate sediment storage volume;
            (B) Provide adequate detention time to allow the effluent from the ponds to meet State and Federal effluent limitations;

            (C) Contain or treat the 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event (“design event”) unless a lesser design event is approved by the regulatory authority based on terrain, climate, other site-specific conditions and on a demonstration by the operator that the effluent limitations of § 816.42 will be met;

            (D) Provide a nonclogging dewatering device adequate to maintain the detention time required under paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section;
            (E) Minimize, to the extent possible, short circuiting;
            (F) Provide periodic sediment removal sufficient to maintain adequate volume for the design event;
            (G) Ensure against excessive settlement;
            (H) Be free of sod, large roots, frozen soil, and acid- or toxic-forming coal-processing waste; and
            (I) Be compacted properly.
            (2) Spillways. A sedimentation pond shall include either a combination of principal and emergency spillways or single spillway configured as specified in § 816.49(a)(9).
            (d) Other treatment facilities. (1) Other treatment facilities shall be designed to treat the 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event unless a lesser design event is approved by the regulatory authority based on terrain, climate, other site-specific conditions and a demonstration by the operator that the effluent limitations of § 816.42 will be met.
            (2) Other treatment facilities shall be designed in accordance with the applicable requirements of paragraph (c) of this section.
            (e) Exemptions. Exemptions to the requirements of this section may be granted if—
            (1) The disturbed drainage area within the total disturbed area is small; and
            (2) The operator demonstrates that siltation structures and alternate sediment control measures are not necessary for drainage from the disturbed area to meet the effluent limitations under § 816.42 and the applicable State and Federal water quality standards for the receiving waters.
            [48 FR 44051, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 43605, Oct. 27, 1988; 59 FR 53029, Oct. 20, 1994; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010; 79 FR 76231, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.47
            Hydrologic balance: Discharge structures.
            Discharge from sedimentation ponds, permanent and temporary impoundments, coal processing waste dams and embankments, and diversions shall be controlled, by energy dissipators, riprap channels, and other devices, where necessary, to reduce erosion, to prevent deepening or enlargement of stream channels, and to minimize disturbance of the hydrologic balance. Discharge structures shall be designed according to standard engineering-design procedures.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.49
            Impoundments.
            (a) General requirements. The requirements of this paragraph apply to both temporary and permanent impoundments.

            (1) Impoundments meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Technical Release No. 60 (210-VI-TR60, Oct. 1985), “Earth Dams and Reservoirs,” 1985 shall comply with “Minimum Emergency Spillway Hydrologic Criteria” table in TR-60 and the requirements of this section. The technical release is hereby incorporated by reference. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161, order No. PB 87-157509/AS. Copies can be inspected at the OSM Headquarters Office, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.

            (2) An impoundment meeting the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall comply with the requirements of § 77.216 of this title and this section.
            (3) Design certification. The design of impoundments shall be certified in accordance with § 780.25(a) of this chapter as designed to meet the requirements of this part using current, prudent, engineering practices and any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. The qualified, registered, professional engineer or qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor shall be experienced in the design and construction of impoundments.
            (4) Stability. (i) An impoundment meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall have a minimum static safety factor of 1.5 for a normal pool with steady state seepage saturation conditions, and a seismic safety factor of at least 1.2.
            (ii) Impoundments not included in paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section, except for a coal mine waste impounding structure, shall have a minimum static safety factor of 1.3 for a normal pool with steady state seepage saturation conditions or meet the requirements of § 780.25(c)(3).
            (5) Freeboard. Impoundments shall have adequate freeboard to resist overtopping by waves and by sudden increases in storage volume. Impoundments meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60 shall comply with the freeboard hydrograph criteria in the “Minimum Emergency Spillway Hydrologic Criteria” table in TR-60.
            (6) Foundation. (i) Foundations and abutments for an impounding structure shall be stable during all phases of construction and operation and shall be designed based on adequate and accurate information on the foundation conditions. For an impoundment meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, foundation investigation, as well as any necessary laboratory testing of foundation material, shall be performed to determine the design requirements for foundation stability.
            (ii) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed and foundations excavated and prepared to resist failure. Cutoff trenches shall be installed if necessary to ensure stability.
            (7) Slope protection shall be provided to protect against surface erosion at the site and protect against sudden drawdown.
            (8) Faces of embankments and surrounding areas shall be vegetated, except that faces where water is impounded may be riprapped or otherwise stabilized in accordance with accepted design practices.
            (9) Spillways. An impoundment shall include either a combination of principal and emergency spillways or a single spillway configured as specified in paragraph (a)(9)(i) of this section, designed and constructed to safely pass the applicable design precipitation event specified in paragraph (a)(9)(ii) of this section, except as set forth in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
            (i) The regulatory authority may approve a single open-channel spillway that is:
            (A) Of nonerodible construction and designed to carry sustained flows; or
            (B) Earth- or grass-lined and designed to carry short-term, infrequent flows at non-erosive velocities where sustained flows are not expected.
            (ii) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, the required design precipitation event for an impoundment meeting the spillway requirements of paragraph (a)(9) of this section is:
            (A) For an impoundment meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, the emergency spillway hydrograph criteria in the “Minimum Emergency Spillway Hydrologic Criteria” table in TR-60, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (B) For an impoundment meeting or exceeding the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, a 100-year 6-hour event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (C) For an impoundment not included in paragraph (a)(9)(ii) (A) and (B) of this section, a 25-year 6-hour or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (10) The vertical portion of any remaining highwall shall be located far enough below the low-water line along the full extent of highwall to provide adequate safety and access for the proposed water users.
            (11) Inspections. Except as provided in paragraph (a)(11)(iv) of this section, a qualified registered professional engineer or other qualified professional specialist under the direction of a professional engineer, shall inspect each impoundment as provided in paragraph (a)(11)(i) of this section. The professional engineer or specialist shall be experienced in the construction of impoundments.
            (i) Inspections shall be made regularly during construction, upon completion of construction, and at least yearly until removal of the structure or release of the performance bond.
            (ii) The qualified registered professional engineer, or qualified registered professional land surveyor as specified in paragraph (a)(11)(iv) of this section, shall promptly after each inspection required in paragraph (a)(11)(i) of this section provide to the regulatory authority a certified report that the impoundment has been constructed and/or maintained as designed and in accordance with the approved plan and this chapter. The report shall include discussion of any appearance of instability, structural weakness or other hazardous condition, depth and elevation of any impounded waters, existing storage capacity, any existing or required monitoring procedures and instrumentation, and any other aspects of the structure affecting stability.
            (iii) A copy of the report shall be retained at or near the minesite.
            (iv) In any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify plans in accordance with § 780.25(a) of this chapter, a qualified registered professional land surveyor may inspect any temporary or permanent impoundment that does not meet the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title and certify and submit the report required by paragraph (a)(11)(ii) of this section, except that all coal mine waste impounding structures covered by § 816.84 of this chapter shall be certified by a qualified registered professional engineer. The professional land surveyor shall be experienced in the construction of impoundments.
            (12) Impoundments meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216 of this title must be examined in accordance with § 77.216-3 of this title. Impoundments not meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or subject to § 77.216 of this title, shall be examined at least quarterly. A qualified person designated by the operator shall examine impoundments for the appearance of structural weakness and other hazardous conditions.
            (13) Emergency procedures. If any examination or inspection discloses that a potential hazard exists, the person who examined the impoundment shall promptly inform the regulatory authority of the finding and of the emergency procedures formulated for public protection and remedial action. If adequate procedures cannot be formulated or implemented, the regulatory authority shall be notified immediately. The regulatory authority shall then notify the appropriate agencies that other emergency procedures are required to protect the public.
            (b) Permanent impoundments. A permanent impoundment of water may be created, if authorized by the regulatory authority in the approved permit based upon the following demonstration:
            (1) The size and configuration of such impoundment will be adequate for its intended purposes.
            (2) The quality of impounded water will be suitable on a permanent basis for its intended use and, after reclamation, will meet applicable State and Federal water quality standards, and discharges from the impoundment will meet applicable effluent limitations and will not degrade the quality of receiving water below applicable State and Federal water quality standards.
            (3) The water level will be sufficiently stable and be capable of supporting the intended use.
            (4) Final grading will provide for adequate safety and access for proposed water users.
            (5) The impoundment will not result in the diminution of the quality and quantity of water utilized by adjacent or surrounding landowners for agricultural, industrial, recreational, or domestic uses.
            (6) The impoundment will be suitable for the approved postmining land use.
            (c) Temporary impoundments. (1) The regulatory authority may authorize the construction of temporary impoundments as part of a surface coal mining operation.

            (2) In lieu of meeting the requirements in paragraph (a)(9)(i) of this section, the regulatory authority may approve an impoundment that relies primarily on storage to control the runoff from the design precipitation event when it is demonstrated by the operator and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer or qualified registered professional land surveyor in accordance with § 780.25(a) of this chapter that the impoundment will safely control the design precipitation event, the water from which shall be safely removed in accordance with current, prudent, engineering practices. Such an impoundment shall be located where failure would not be expected to cause loss of life or serious property damage, except where:
            (i) Impoundments meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall be designed to control the precipitation of the probable maximum precipitation of a 6-hour event, or greater event specified by the regulatory authority.
            (ii) Impoundments not included in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section shall be designed to control the precipitation of the 100-year 6-hour event, or greater event specified by the regulatory authority.
            [48 FR 44004, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 50 FR 16200, Apr. 24, 1985; 53 FR 43605, Oct. 27, 1988; 59 FR 53029, 53030, Oct. 20, 1994; 66 FR 14317, Mar. 12, 2001; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.56
            Postmining rehabilitation of sedimentation ponds, diversions, impoundments, and treatment facilities.
            Before abandoning a permit area or seeking bond release, the operator shall ensure that all temporary structures are removed and reclaimed, and that all permanent sedimentation ponds, diversions, impoundments, and treatment facilities meet the requirements of this chapter for permanent structures, have been maintained properly, and meet the requirements of the approved reclamation plan for permanent structures and impoundments. The operator shall renovate such structures if necessary to meet the requirements of this chapter and to conform to the approved reclamation plan.
            [48 FR 44005, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.57
            Hydrologic balance: Stream buffer zones.
            (a) No land within 100 feet of a perennial stream or an intermittent stream shall be disturbed by surface mining activities, unless the regulatory authority specifically authorizes surface mining activities closer to, or through, such a stream. The regulatory authority may authorize such activities only upon finding that—
            (1) Surface mining activities will not cause or contribute to the violation of applicable State or Federal water quality standards, and will not adversely affect the water quantity and quality or other environmental resources of the stream; and
            (2) If there will be a temporary or permanent stream-channel diversion, it will comply with § 816.43.
            (b) The area not to be disturbed shall be designated as a buffer zone, and the operator shall mark it as specified in § 816.11.
            [79 FR 76231, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.59
            Coal recovery.
            Surface mining activities shall be conducted so as to maximize the utilization and conservation of the coal, while utilizing the best appropriate technology currently available to maintain environmental integrity, so that reaffecting the land in the future through surface coal mining operations is minimized.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.61
            Use of explosives: General requirements.
            (a) Each operator shall comply with all applicable State and Federal laws and regulations in the use of explosives.

            (b) Blasts that use more than 5 pounds of explosive or blasting agent shall be conducted according to the schedule required under § 816.64.
            (c) Blasters. (1) No later than 12 months after the blaster certification program for a State required by part 850 of this chapter has been approved under the procedures of subchapter C of this chapter, all blasting operations in that State shall be conducted under the direction of a certified blaster. Before that time, all such blasting operations in that State shall be conducted by competent, experienced persons who understand the hazards involved.
            (2) Certificates of blaster certification shall be carried by blasters or shall be on file at the permit area during blasting operations.
            (3) A blaster and at least one other person shall be present at the firing of a blast.
            (4) Any blaster who is responsible for conducting blasting operations at a blasting site shall:
            (i) Be familiar with the blasting plan and site-specific performance standards; and
            (ii) Give direction and on-the-job training to persons who are not certified and who are assigned to the blasting crew or assist in the use of explosives.
            (d) Blast design. (1) An anticipated blast design shall be submitted if blasting operations will be conducted within—
            (i) 1,000 feet of any building used as a dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area; or
            (ii) 500 feet of an active or abandoned underground mine.
            (2) The blast design may be presented as part of a permit application or at a time, before the blast, approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) The blast design shall contain sketches of the drill patterns, delay periods, and decking and shall indicate the type and amount of explosives to be used, critical dimensions, and the location and general description of structures to be protected, as well as a discussion of design factors to be used, which protect the public and meet the applicable airblast, flyrock, and ground-vibration standards in § 816.67.
            (4) The blast design shall be prepared and signed by a certified blaster.
            (5) The regulatory authority may require changes to the design submitted.
            [48 FR 9492, Mar. 4, 1983, and 48 FR 9806, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 51 FR 19461, May 29, 1986; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.62
            Use of explosives: Preblasting survey.
            (a) At least 30 days before initiation of blasting, the operator shall notify, in writing, all residents or owners of dwellings or other structures located within 1/2 mile of the permit area how to request a preblasting survey.
            (b) A resident or owner of a dwelling or structure within 1/2 mile of any part of the permit area may request a preblasting survey. This request shall be made, in writing, directly to the operator or to the regulatory authority, who shall promptly notify the operator. The operator shall promptly conduct a preblasting survey of the dwelling or structure and promptly prepare a written report of the survey. An updated survey of any additions, modifications, or renovations shall be performed by the operator if requested by the resident or owner.
            (c) The operator shall determine the condition of the dwelling or structure and shall document any preblasting damage and other physical factors that could reasonably be affected by the blasting. Structures such as pipelines, cables, transmission lines, and cisterns, wells, and other water systems warrant special attention; however, the assessment of these structures may be limited to surface conditions and other readily available data.
            (d) The written report of the survey shall be signed by the person who conducted the survey. Copies of the report shall be promptly provided to the regulatory authority and to the person requesting the survey. If the person requesting the survey disagrees with the contents and/or recommendations contained therein, he or she may submit to both the operator and the regulatory authority a detailed description of the specific areas of disagreement.

            (e) Any surveys requested more than 10 days before the planned initiation of blasting shall be completed by the operator before the initiation of blasting.
            [48 FR 9807, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.64
            Use of explosives: Blasting schedule.
            (a) General requirements. (1) The operator shall conduct blasting operations at times approved by the regulatory authority and announced in the blasting schedule. The regulatory authority may limit the area covered, timing, and sequence of blasting as listed in the schedule, if such limitations are necessary and reasonable in order to protect the public health and safety or welfare.
            (2) All blasting shall be conducted between sunrise and sunset, unless nighttime blasting is approved by the regulatory authority based upon a showing by the operator that the public will be protected from adverse noise and other impacts. The regulatory authority may specify more restrictive time periods for blasting.
            (3) Unscheduled blasts may be conducted only where public or operator health and safety so require and for emergency blasting actions. When an operator conducts an unscheduled blast, the operator, using audible signals, shall notify residents within 1/2 mile of the blasting site and document the reason for the unscheduled blast in accordance with § 816.68(p).
            (b) Blasting schedule publication and distribution. (1) The operator shall publish the blasting schedule in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality of the blasting site at least 10 days, but not more than 30 days, before beginning a blasting program.
            (2) The operator shall distribute copies of the schedule to local governments and public utilities and to each local residence within 1/2 mile of the proposed blasting site described in the schedule.
            (3) The operator shall republish and redistribute the schedule at least every 12 months and revise and republish the schedule at least 10 days, but not more than 30 days, before blasting whenever the area covered by the schedule changes or actual time periods for blasting significantly differ from the prior announcement.
            (c) Blasting schedule contents. The blasting schedule shall contain, at a minimum—
            (1) Name, address, and telephone number of operator;
            (2) Identification of the specific areas in which blasting will take place;
            (3) Dates and time periods when explosives are to be detonated;
            (4) Methods to be used to control access to the blasting area; and
            (5) Type and patterns of audible warning and all-clear signals to be used before and after blasting.
            [48 FR 9807, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.66
            Use of explosives: Blasting signs, warnings, and access control.
            (a) Blasting signs. Blasting signs shall meet the specifications of § 816.11. The operator shall—
            (1) Conspicuously place signs reading “Blasting Area” along the edge of any blasting area that comes within 100 feet of any public road right-of-way, and at the point where any other road provides access to the blasting area; and
            (2) At all entrances to the permit area from public roads or highways, place conspicuous signs which state “Warning! Explosives in Use,” which clearly list and describe the meaning of the audible blast warning and all-clear signals that are in use, and which explain the marking of blasting areas and charged holes awaiting firing within the permit area.
            (b) Warnings. Warning and all-clear signals of different character or pattern that are audible within a range of 1/2 mile from the point of the blast shall be given. Each person within the permit area and each person who resides or regularly works within 1/2 mile of the permit area shall be notified of the meaning of the signals in the blasting schedule.
            (c) Access control. Access within the blasting area shall be controlled to prevent presence of livestock or unauthorized persons during blasting and until an authorized representative of the operator has reasonably determined that—

            (1) No unusual hazards, such as imminent slides or undetonated charges, exist; and

            (2) Access to and travel within the blasting area can be safely resumed.
            [48 FR 9807, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.67
            Use of explosives: Control of adverse effects.
            (a) General requirements. Blasting shall be conducted to prevent injury to persons, damage to public or private property outside the permit area, adverse impacts on any underground mine, and change in the course, channel, or availability of surface or ground water outside the permit area.
            (b) Airblast—(1) Limits. (i) Airblast shall not exceed the maximum limits listed below at the location of any dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area, except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section.

                Lower frequency limit of measuring system, in Hz(±3 dB)

                Maximum level, in dB

                0.1 Hz or lower—flat response 1

                134 peak.

                2 Hz or lower—flat response
                133 peak.

                6 Hz or lower—flat response
                129 peak.

                C-weighted—slow response 1

                105 peak dBC.

                1 Only when approved by the regulatory authority.

            (ii) If necessary to prevent damage, the regulatory authority shall specify lower maximum allowable airblast levels than those of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section for use in the vicinity of a specific blasting operation.
            (2) Monitoring. (i) The operator shall conduct periodic monitoring to ensure compliance with the airblast standards. The regulatory authority may require airblast measurement of any or all blasts and may specify the locations at which such measurements are taken.
            (ii) The measuring systems shall have an upper-end flat-frequency response of at least 200 Hz.
            (c) Flyrock. Flyrock travelling in the air or along the ground shall not be cast from the blasting site—
            (1) More than one-half the distance to the nearest dwelling or other occupied structure;
            (2) Beyond the area of control required under § 816.66(c); or
            (3) Beyond the permit boundary.
            (d) Ground vibration—(1) General. In all blasting operations, except as otherwise authorized in paragraph (e) of this section, the maximum ground vibration shall not exceed the values approved in the blasting plan required under § 780.13 of this chapter. The maximum ground vibration for protected structures listed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section shall be established in accordance with either the maximum peak-particle-velocity limits of paragraph (d)(2), the scaled-distance equation of paragraph (d)(3), the blasting-level chart of paragraph (d)(4) of this section, or by the regulatory authority under paragraph (d)(5) of this section. All structures in the vicinity of the blasting area, not listed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, such as water towers, pipelines and other utilities, tunnels, dams, impoundments, and underground mines, shall be protected from damage by establishment of a maximum allowable limit on the ground vibration, submitted by the operator in the blasting plan and approved by the regulatory authority.
            (2) Maximum peak particle velocity. (i) The maximum ground vibration shall not exceed the following limits at the location of any dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area:

                Distance (D), from the blasting site, in feet
                Maximum allowablepeak particle velocity
                  (V max) for ground
                  vibration, in
                  inches/second 1

                Scaled-distance factorto be applied without
                  seismic monitoring 2

                  (Ds)

                0 to 300
                1.25
                50

                301 to 5,000
                1.00
                55

                5,001 and beyond
                0.75
                65

                1 Ground vibration shall be measured as the particle velocity. Particle velocity shall be recorded in three mutually perpendicular directions. The maximum allowable peak particle velocity shall apply to each of the three measurements.

                2 Applicable to the scaled-distance equation of paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section.

            (ii) A seismographic record shall be provided for each blast.
            (3) Scale-distance equation. (i) An operator may use the scaled-distance equation, W = (D/Ds)2, to determine the allowable charge weight of explosives to be detonated in any 8-millisecond period, without seismic monitoring; where W = the maximum weight of explosives, in pounds; D = the distance, in feet, from the blasting site to the nearest protected structure; and Ds = the scaled-distance factor, which may initially be approved by the regulatory authority using the values for scaled-distance factor listed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section.
            (ii) The development of a modified scaled-distance factor may be authorized by the regulatory authority on receipt of a written request by the operator, supported by seismographic records of blasting at the minesite. The modified scale-distance factor shall be determined such that the particle velocity of the predicted ground vibration will not exceed the prescribed maximum allowable peak particle velocity of paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, at a 95-percent confidence level.
            (4) Blasting-level chart. (i) An operator may use the ground-vibration limits in Figure 1 to determine the maximum allowable ground vibration.

              ER17NO17.018

            (ii) If the Figure 1 limits are used, a seismographic record including both particle velocity and vibration-frequency levels shall be provided for each blast. The method for the analysis of the predominant frequency contained in the blasting records shall be approved by the regulatory authority before application of this alternative blasting criterion.
            (5) The maximum allowable ground vibration shall be reduced by the regulatory authority beyond the limits otherwise provided by this section, if determined necessary to provide damage protection.
            (6) The regulatory authority may require an operator to conduct seismic monitoring of any or all blasts or may specify the location at which the measurements are taken and the degree of detail necessary in the measurement.
            (e) The maximum airblast and ground-vibration standards of paragraphs (b) and (d) of this section shall not apply at the following locations:
            (1) At structures owned by the permittee and not leased to another person.
            (2) At structures owned by the permittee and leased to another person, if a written waiver by the lessee is submitted to the regulatory authority before blasting.
            [48 FR 9807, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.68
            Use of explosives: Records of blasting operations.
            The operator shall retain a record of all blasts for at least 3 years. Upon request, copies of these records shall be made available to the regulatory authority and to the public for inspection. Such records shall contain the following data:
            (a) Name of the operator conducting the blast.
            (b) Location, date, and time of the blast.

            (c) Name, signature, and certification number of the blaster conducting the blast.
            (d) Identification, direction, and distance, in feet, from the nearest blast hole to the nearest dwelling, public building, school, church, community or institutional building outside the permit area, except those described in § 816.67(e).
            (e) Weather conditions, including those which may cause possible adverse blasting effects.
            (f) Type of material blasted.
            (g) Sketches of the blast pattern including number of holes, burden, spacing, decks, and delay pattern.
            (h) Diameter and depth of holes.
            (i) Types of explosives used.
            (j) Total weight of explosives used per hole.
            (k) The maximum weight of explosives detonated in an 8-millisecond period.
            (l) Initiation system.
            (m) Type and length of stemming.
            (n) Mats or other protections used.
            (o) Seismographic and airblast records, if required, which shall include—
            (1) Type of instrument, sensitivity, and calibration signal or certification of annual calibration;
            (2) Exact location of instrument and the date, time, and distance from the blast;
            (3) Name of the person and firm taking the reading;
            (4) Name of the person and firm analyzing the seismographic record; and
            (5) The vibration and/or airblast level recorded.
            (p) Reasons and conditions for each unscheduled blast.
            [48 FR 9809, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 29181, Aug. 6, 1987; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.71
            Disposal of excess spoil: General requirements.
            (a) General. Excess spoil shall be placed in designated disposal areas within the permit area, in a controlled manner to—
            (1) Minimize the adverse effects of leachate and surface water runoff from the fill on surface and ground waters;
            (2) Ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement during and after construction; and
            (3) Ensure that the final fill is suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings and the approved postmining land use.
            (b) Design certification. (1) The fill and appurtenant structures shall be designed using current, prudent engineering practices and shall meet any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. A qualified registered professional engineer experienced in the design of earth and rock fills shall certify the design of the fill and appurtenant structures.
            (2) The fill shall be designed to attain a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.5. The foundation and abutments of the fill must be stable under all conditions of construction.
            (c) Location. The disposal area shall be located on the most moderately sloping and naturally stable areas available, as approved by the regulatory authority, and shall be placed, where possible, upon or above a natural terrace, bench, or berm, if such placement provides additional stability and prevents mass movement.
            (d) Foundation. (1) Sufficient foundation investigations, as well as any necessary laboratory testing of foundation material, shall be performed in order to determine the design requirements for foundation stability. The analyses of foundation conditions shall take into consideration the effect of underground mine workings, if any, upon the stability of the fill and appurtenant structures.
            (2) Where the slope in the disposal area is in excess of 2.8h:1v (36 percent), or such lesser slope as may be designated by the regulatory authority based on local conditions, keyway cuts (excavations to stable bedrock) or rock toe buttresses shall be constructed to ensure stability of the fill. Where the toe of the spoil rests on a downslope, stability analyses shall be performed in accordance with § 780.35(c) of this chapter to determine the size of rock toe buttresses and keyway cuts.
            (e) Placement of excess spoil. (1) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed from the disposal area prior to placement of the excess spoil. Topsoil shall be removed, segregated and stored or redistributed in accordance with § 816.22. If approved by the regulatory authority, organic material may be used as mulch or may be included in the topsoil to control erosion, promote growth of vegetation or increase the moisture retention of the soil.
            (2) Excess spoil shall be transported and placed in a controlled manner in horizontal lifts not exceeding 4 feet in thickness; concurrently compacted as necessary to ensure mass stability and to prevent mass movement during and after construction; graded so that surface and subsurface drainage is compatible with the natural surroundings; and covered with topsoil or substitute material in accordance with § 816.22 of this chapter. The regulatory authority may approve a design which incorporates placement of excess spoil in horizontal lifts other than 4 feet in thickness when it is demonstrated by the operator and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer that the design will ensure the stability of the fill and will meet all other applicable requirements.
            (3) The final configuration of the fill shall be suitable for the approved postmining land use. Terraces may be constructed on the outslope of the fill if required for stability, control of erosion, to conserve soil moisture, or to facilitate the approved postmining land use. The grade of the outslope between terrace benches shall not be steeper than 2h: 1v (50 percent).
            (4) No permanent impoundments are allowed on the completed fill. Small depressions may be allowed by the regulatory authority if they are needed to retain moisture, minimize erosion, create and enhance wildlife habitat, or assist revegetation; and if they are not incompatible with the stability of the fill.
            (5) Excess spoil that is acid- or toxic-forming or combustible shall be adequately covered with nonacid, nontoxic and noncombustible material, or treated, to control the impact on surface and ground water in accordance with § 816.41, to prevent sustained combustion, and to minimize adverse effects on plant growth and the approved postmining land use.
            (f) Drainage control. (1) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade water courses, or wet weather seeps, the fill design shall include diversions and underdrains as necessary to control erosion, prevent water infiltration into the fill, and ensure stability.
            (2) Diversions shall comply with the requirements of § 816.43.

            (3) Underdrains shall consist of durable rock or pipe, be designed and constructed using current, prudent engineering practices and meet any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. The underdrain system shall be designed to carry the anticipated seepage of water due to rainfall away from the excess spoil fill and from seeps and springs in the foundation of the disposal area and shall be protected from piping and contamination by an adequate filter. Rock underdrains shall be constructed of durable, nonacid-,nontoxic-forming rock (e.g., natural sand and gravel, sandstone, limestone, or other durable rock) that does not slake in water or degrade to soil material, and which is free of coal, clay or other nondurable material. Perforated pipe underdrains shall be corrosion resistant and shall have characteristics consistent with the long-term life of the fill.
            (g) Surface area stabilization. Slope protection shall be provided to minimize surface erosion at the site. All disturbed areas, including diversion channels that are not riprapped or otherwise protected, shall be revegetated upon completion of construction.
            (h) Inspections. A qualified registered professional engineer, or other qualified professional specialist under the direction of the professional engineer, shall periodically inspect the fill during construction. The professional engineer or specialist shall be experienced in the construction of earth and rock fills.
            (1) Such inspections shall be made at least quarterly throughout construction and during critical construction periods. Critical construction periods shall include at a minimum:

            (i) Foundation preparation, including the removal of all organic material and topsoil; (ii) placement of underdrains and protective filter systems; (iii) installation of final surface drainage systems; and (iv) the final graded and revegetated fill. Regular inspections by the engineer or specialist shall also be conducted during placement and compaction of fill materials.
            (2) The qualified registered professional engineer shall provide a certified report to the regulatory authority promptly after each inspection that the fill has been constructed and maintained as designed and in accordance with the approved plan and this chapter. The report shall include appearances of instability, structural weakness, and other hazardous conditions.
            (3)(i) The certified report on the drainage system and protective filters shall include color photographs taken during and after construction, but before underdrains are covered with excess spoil. If the underdrain system is constructed in phases, each phase shall be certified separately.
            (ii) Where excess durable rock spoil is placed in single or multiple lifts such that the underdrain system is constructed simultaneously with excess spoil placement by the natural segregation of dumped materials, in accordance with § 816.73, color photographs shall be taken of the underdrain as the underdrain system is being formed.
            (iii) The photographs accompanying each certified report shall be taken in adequate size and number with enough terrain or other physical features of the site shown to provide a relative scale to the photographs and to specifically and clearly identify the site.
            (4) A copy of each inspection report shall be retained at or near the mine site.
            (i) Coal mine waste. Coal mine waste may be disposed of in excess spoil fills if approved by the regulatory authority and, if such waste is—
            (1) Placed in accordance with § 816.83;
            (2) Nontoxic and nonacid forming; and
            (3) Of the proper characteristics to be consistent with the design stability of the fill.
            (j) Underground disposal. Excess spoil may be disposed of in underground mine workings, but only in accordance with a plan approved by the regulatory authority and MSHA under § 784.25 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 32925, July 19, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 73 FR 75883, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76231, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.72
            Disposal of excess spoil: Valley fills/head-of-hollow fills.
            Valley fills and head-of-hollow fills shall meet the requirements of § 816.71 and the additional requirements of this section.
            (a) Drainage control. (1) The top surface of the completed fill shall be graded such that the final slope after settlement will be toward properly designed drainage channels. Uncontrolled surface drainage may not be directed over the outslope of the fill.
            (2) Runoff from areas above the fill and runoff from the surface of the fill shall be diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 816.43 and, in addition, to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event.
            (b) Rock-core chimney drains. A rock-core chimney drain may be used in a head-of-hollow fill, instead of the underdrain and surface diversion system normally required, as long as the fill is not located in an area containing intermittent or perennial streams. A rock-core chimney drain may be used in a valley fill if the fill does not exceed 250,000 cubic yards of material and upstream drainage is diverted around the fill. The alternative rock-core chimney drain system shall be incorporated into the design and construction of the fill as follows.

            (1) The fill shall have, along the vertical projection of the main buried stream channel or rill, a vertical core of durable rock at least 16 feet thick which shall extend from the toe of the fill to the head of the fill, and from the base of the fill to the surface of the fill. A system of lateral rock underdrains shall connect this rock core to each area of potential drainage or seepage in the disposal area. The underdrain system and rock core shall be designed to carry the anticipated seepage of water due to rainfall away from the excess spoil fill and from seeps and springs in the foundation of the disposal area. Rocks used in the rock core and underdrains shall meet the requirements of § 816.71(f).
            (2) A filter system to ensure the proper long-term functioning of the rock core shall be designed and constucted using current, prudent engineering practices.
            (3) Grading may drain surface water away from the outslope of the fill and toward the rock core. In no case, however, may intermittent or perennial streams be diverted into the rock core. The maximum slope of the top of the fill shall be 33h:1v (3 percent). A drainage pocket may be maintained at the head of the fill during and after construction, to intercept surface runoff and discharge the runoff through or over the rock drain, if stability of the fill is not impaired. In no case shall this pocket or sump have a potential capacity for impounding more than 10,000 cubic feet of water. Terraces on the fill shall be graded with a 3 to 5 percent grade toward the fill and a 1 percent slope toward the rock core.
            [48 FR 32926, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.73
            Disposal of excess spoil: Durable rock fills.
            The regulatory authority may approve the alternative method of disposal of excess durable rock spoil by gravity placement in single or multiple lifts, provided the following conditions are met:
            (a) Except as provided in this section, the requirements of § 816.71 are met.

            (b) The excess spoil consists of at least 80 percent, by volume, durable, nonacid- and nontoxic-forming rock (e.g., sandstone or limestone) that does not slake in water and will not degrade to soil material. Where used, noncemented clay shale, clay spoil, soil or other nondurable excess spoil materials shall be mixed with excess durable rock spoil in a controlled manner such that no more than 20 percent of the fill volume, as determined by tests performed by a registered engineer and approved by the regulatory authority, is not durable rock.
            (c) A qualified registered professional engineer certifies that the design will ensure the stability of the fill and meet all other applicable requirements.
            (d) The fill is designed to attain a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.5, and an earthquake safety factor of 1.1.
            (e) The underdrain system may be constructed simultaneously with excess spoil placement by the natural segregation of dumped materials, provided the resulting underdrain system is capable of carrying anticipated seepage of water due to rainfall away from the excess spoil fill and from seeps and springs in the foundation of the disposal area and the other requirements for drainage control are met.
            (f) Surface water runoff from areas adjacent to and above the fill is not allowed to flow onto the fill and is diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 816.43 and to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event.
            [48 FR 32926, July 19, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44780, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.74
            Disposal of excess spoil: Preexisting benches.
            (a) The regulatory authority may approve the disposal of excess spoil through placement on a preexisting bench if the affected portion of the preexisting bench is permitted and the standards set forth in §§ 816.102(c), (e) through (h), and (j), and the requirements of this section are met.
            (b) All vegetation and organic materials shall be removed from the affected portion of the preexisting bench prior to placement of the excess spoil. Any available topsoil on the bench shall be removed, stored and redistributed in accordance with § 816.22 of this part. Substitute or supplemental materials may be used in accordance with § 816.22(b) of this part.

            (c) The fill shall be designed and constructed using current, prudent engineering practices. The design will be certified by a registered professional engineer. The spoil shall be placed on the solid portion of the bench in a controlled manner and concurrently compacted as necessary to attain a long term static safety factor of 1.3 for all portions of the fill. Any spoil deposited on any fill portion of the bench will be treated as excess spoil fill under § 816.71.
            (d) The preexisting bench shall be backfilled and graded to—
            (1) Achieve the most moderate slope possible which does not exceed the angle of repose;
            (2) Eliminate the highwall to the maximum extent technically practical;
            (3) Minimize erosion and water pollution both on and off the site; and
            (4) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade water courses, or wet weather seeps, the fill design shall include diversions and underdrains as necessary to control erosion, prevent water infiltration into the fill, and ensure stability.
            (e) All disturbed areas, including diversion channels that are not riprapped or otherwise protected, shall be revegetated upon completion of construction.
            (f) Permanent impoundments may not be constructed on preexisting benches backfilled with excess spoil under this regulation.
            (g) Final configuration of the backfill must be compatible with the natural drainage patterns and the surrounding area, and support the approved postmining land use.
            (h) Disposal of excess spoil from an upper actively mined bench to a lower preexisting bench by means of gravity transport may be approved by the regulatory authority provided that—
            (1) The gravity transport courses are determined on a site-specific basis by the operator as part of the permit application and approved by the regulatory authority to minimize hazards to health and safety and to ensure that damage will be minimized between the benches, outside the set course, and downslope of the lower bench should excess spoil accidentally move;
            (2) All gravity transported excess spoil, including that excess spoil immediately below the gravity transport courses and any preexisting spoil that is disturbed, is rehandled and placed in horizontal lifts in a controlled manner, concurrently compacted as necessary to ensure mass stability and to prevent mass movement, and graded to allow surface and subsurface drainage to be compatible with the natural surroundings and to ensure a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.3. Excess spoil on the bench prior to the current mining operation that is not disturbed need not be rehandled except where necessary to ensure stability of the fill;
            (3) A safety berm is constructed on the solid portion of the lower bench prior to gravity transport of the excess spoil. Where there is insufficient material on the lower bench to construct a safety berm, only that amount of excess spoil necessary for the construction of the berm may be gravity transported to the lower bench prior to construction of the berm.
            (4) Excess spoil shall not be allowed on the downslope below the upper bench except on designated gravity transport courses properly prepared according to § 816.22. Upon completion of the fill, no excess spoil shall be allowed to remain on the designated gravity transport course between the two benches and each transport course shall be reclaimed in accordance with the requirements of this part.
            [48 FR 32927, July 19, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.79
            Protection of underground mining.
            No surface mining activities shall be conducted closer than 500 feet to any point of either an active or abandoned underground mine, except to the extent that—
            (a) The activities result in improved resource recovery, abatement of water pollution, or elimination of hazards to the health and safety of the public; and
            (b) The nature, timing, and sequence of the activities that propose to mine closer than 500 feet to an active underground mine are jointly approved by the regulatory authority, the Mine Safety and Health Administration, and the State agency, if any, responsible for the safety of underground mine workers.
            [48 FR 24651, June 1, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.81
            Coal mine waste: General requirements.
            (a) General. All coal mine waste disposed of in an area other than the mine workings or excavations shall be placed in new or existing disposal areas within a permit area, which are approved by the regulatory authority for this purpose. Coal mine waste shall be hauled or conveyed and placed for final placement in a controlled manner to—
            (1) Minimize adverse effects of leachate and surface-water runoff on surface and ground water quality and quantity;
            (2) Ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement during and after construction;
            (3) Ensure that the final disposal facility is suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings and the approved postmining land use;
            (4) Not create a public hazard; and
            (5) Prevent combustion.
            (b) Coal mine waste material from activities located outside a permit area may be disposed of in the permit area only if approved by the regulatory authority. Approval shall be based upon a showing that such disposal will be in accordance with the standards of this section.
            (c) Design certification. (1) The disposal facility shall be designed using current, prudent engineering practices and shall meet any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. A qualified registered professional engineer, experienced in the design of similar earth and waste structures, shall certify the design of the disposal facility.
            (2) The disposal facility shall be designed to attain a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.5. The foundation and abutments must be stable under all conditions of construction.
            (d) Foundation. Sufficient foundation investigations, as well as any necessary laboratory testing of foundation material, shall be performed in order to determine the design requirements for foundation stability. The analyses of the foundation conditions shall take into consideration the effect of underground mine workings, if any, upon the stability of the disposal facility.
            (e) Emergency procedures. If any examination or inspection discloses that a potential hazard exists, the regulatory authority shall be informed promptly of the finding and of the emergency procedures formulated for public protection and remedial action. If adequate procedures cannot be formulated or implemented, the regulatory authority shall be notified immediately. The regulatory authority shall then notify the appropriate agencies that other emergency procedures are required to protect the public.
            (f) Underground disposal. Coal mine waste may be disposed of in underground mine workings, but only in accordance with a plan approved by the regulatory authority and MSHA under § 784.25 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44028, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.83
            Coal mine waste: Refuse piles.
            Refuse piles shall meet the requirements of § 816.81, the additional requirements of this section, and the requirements of §§ 77.214 and 77.215 of this title.
            (a) Drainage control. (1) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade water courses, or wet weather seeps, the design shall include diversions and underdrains as necessary to control erosion, prevent water infiltration into the disposal facility and ensure stability.
            (2) Uncontrolled surface drainage may not be diverted over the outslope of the refuse piles. Runoff from the areas above the refuse pile and runoff from the surface of the refuse pile shall be diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 816.43 to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event. Runoff diverted from undisturbed areas need not be commingled with runoff from the surface of the refuse pile.
            (3) Underdrains shall comply with the requirements of § 816.71(f)(3).
            (b) Surface area stabilization. Slope protection shall be provided to minimize surface erosion at the site. All disturbed areas, including diversion channels that are not riprapped or otherwise protected, shall be revegetated upon completion of construction.
            (c) Placement. (1) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed from the disposal area prior to placement of coal mine waste. Topsoil shall be removed, segregated and stored or redistributed in accordance with § 816.22. If approved by the regulatory authority, organic material may be used as mulch, or may be included in the topsoil to control erosion, promote growth of vegetation or increase the moisture retention of the soil.
            (2) The final configuration of the refuse pile shall be suitable for the approved postmining land use. Terraces may be constructed on the outslope of the refuse pile if required for stability, control or erosion, conservation of soil moisture, or facilitation of the approved postmining land use. The grade of the outslope between terrace benches shall not be steeper than 2h:1v (50 percent).
            (3) No permanent impoundments shall be allowed on the completed refuse pile. Small depressions may be allowed by the regulatory authority if they are needed to retain moisture, minimize erosion, create and enhance wildlife habitat, or assist revegetation, and if they are not incompatible with stability of the refuse pile.
            (4) Following final grading of the refuse pile, the coal mine waste shall be covered with a minimum of 4 feet of the best available, nontoxic and noncombustible material, in a manner that does not impede drainage from the underdrains. The regulatory authority may allow less than 4 feet of cover material based on physical and chemical analyses which show that the requirements of §§ 816.111 through 816.116 will be met.
            (d) Inspections. A qualified registered professional engineer, or other qualified professional specialist under the direction of the professional engineer, shall inspect the refuse pile during construction. The professional engineer or specialist shall be experienced in the construction of similar earth and waste structures.
            (1) Such inspections shall be made at least quarterly throughout construction and during critical construction periods. Critical construction periods shall include at a minimum:
            (i) Foundation preparation including the removal of all organic material and topsoil; (ii) placement of underdrains and protective filter systems; (iii) installation of final surface drainage systems; and (iv) the final graded and revegetated facility. Regular inspections by the engineer or specialist shall also be conducted during placement and compaction of coal mine waste materials. More frequent inspections shall be conducted if a danger of harm exists to the public health and safety or the environment. Inspections shall continue until the refuse pile has been finally graded and revegetated or until a later time as required by the regulatory authority.
            (2) The qualified registered professional engineer shall provide a certified report to the regulatory authority promptly after each inspection that the refuse pile has been constructed and maintained as designed and in accordance with the approved plan and this chapter. The report shall include appearances of instability, structural weakness, and other hazardous conditions.
            (3) The certified report on the drainage system and protective filters shall include color photographs taken during and after construction, but before underdrains are covered with coal mine waste. If the underdrain system is constructed in phases, each phase shall be certified separately. The photographs accompanying each certified report shall be taken in adequate size and number with enough terrain or other physical features of the site shown to provide a relative scale to the photographs and to specifically and clearly identify the site.
            (4) A copy of each inspection report shall be retained at or near the minesite.
            [48 FR 44028, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.84
            Coal mine waste: Impounding structures.
            New and existing impounding structures constructed of coal mine waste or intended to impound coal mine waste shall meet the requirements of § 816.81.

            (a) Coal mine waste shall not be used for construction of impounding structures unless it has been demonstrated to the regulatory authority that the stability of such a structure conforms to the requirements of this part and the use of coal mine waste will not have a detrimental effect on downstream water quality or the environment due to acid seepage through the impounding structure. The stability of the structure and the potential impact of acid mine seepage through the impounding structure shall be discussed in detail in the design plan submitted to the regulatory authority in accordance with § 780.25 of this chapter.
            (b)(1) Each impounding structure constructed of coal mine waste or intended to impound coal mine waste shall be designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with § 816.49 (a) and (c). Such structures may not be retained permanently as part of the approved postmining land use.
            (2) Each impounding structure constructed of coal mine waste or intended to impound coal mine waste that meets the criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall have sufficient spillway capacity to safely pass, adequate storage capacity to safely contain, or a combination of storage capacity and spillway capacity to safely control, the probable maximum precipitation of a 6-hour precipitation event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (c) Spillways and outlet works shall be designed to provide adequate protection against erosion and corrosion. Inlets shall be protected against blockage.
            (d) Drainage control. Runoff from areas above the disposal facility or runoff from surface of the facility that may cause instability or erosion of the impounding structure shall be diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 816.43 and designed to safely pass the round off from a 100-year, 6-hour design precipitation event.
            (e) Impounding structures constructed of or impounding coal mine waste shall be designed so that at least 90 percent of the water stored during the design precipitation event can be removed within a 10-day period.
            (f) For an impounding structure constructed of or impounding coal mine waste, at least 90 percent of the water stored during the design precipitation event shall be removed within the 10-day period following the design precipitation event.
            [48 FR 44029, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 43606, Oct. 27, 1988; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.87
            Coal mine waste: Burning and burned waste utilization.
            (a) Coal mine waste fires shall be extinguished by the person who conducts the surface mining activities, in accordance with a plan approved by the regulatory authority and the Mine Safety and Health Administration. The plan shall contain, at a minimum, provisions to ensure that only those persons authorized by the operator, and who have an understanding of the procedures to be used, shall be involved in the extinguishing operations.
            (b) No burning or burned coal mine waste shall be removed from a permitted disposal area without a removal plan approved by the regulatory authority. Consideration shall be given to potential hazards to persons working or living in the vicinity of the structure.
            [48 FR 44029, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.89
            Disposal of noncoal mine wastes.
            (a) Noncoal mine wastes including, but not limited to grease, lubricants, paints, flammable liquids, garbage, abandoned mining machinery, lumber and other combustible materials generated during mining activities shall be placed and stored in a controlled manner in a designated portion of the permit area. Placement and storage shall ensure that leachate and surface runoff do not degrade surface or ground water, that fires are prevented, and that the area remains stable and suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings.

            (b) Final disposal of noncoal mine wastes shall be in a designated disposal site in the permit area or a State-approved solid waste disposal area. Disposal sites in the permit area shall be designed and constructed to ensure that leachate and drainage from the noncoal mine waste area does not degrade surface or underground water. Wastes shall be routinely compacted and covered to prevent combustion and wind-borne waste. When the disposal is completed, a minimum of 2 feet of soil cover shall be placed over the site, slopes stabilized, and revegetation accomplished in accordance with §§ 816.111 through 816.116. Operation of the disposal site shall be conducted in accordance with all local, State and Federal requirements.
            (c) At no time shall any noncoal mine waste be deposited in a refuse pile or impounding structure, nor shall an excavation for a noncoal mine waste disposal site be located within 8 feet of any coal outcrop or coal storage area.
            [48 FR 44030, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.95
            Stabilization of surface areas.
            (a) All exposed surface areas shall be protected and stabilized to effectively control erosion and air pollution attendant to erosion.
            (b) Rills and gullies, which form in areas that have been regraded and topsoiled and which either (1) disrupt the approved postmining land use or the reestablishment of the vegetative cover, or (2) cause or contribute to a violation of water quality standards for receiving streams shall be filled, regraded, or otherwise stabilized; topsoil shall be replaced; and the areas shall be reseeded or replanted.
            [48 FR 1163, Jan. 10, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.97
            Protection of fish, wildlife, and related environmental values.
            (a) The operator shall, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, minimize disturbances and adverse impacts on fish, wildlife, and related environmental values and shall achieve enhancement of such resources where practicable.
            (b) Endangered and threatened species. No surface mining activity shall be conducted which is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species listed by the Secretary or which is likely to result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitats of such species in violation of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The operator shall promptly report to the regulatory authority any State- or federally-listed endangered or threatened species within the permit area of which the operator becomes aware. Upon notification, the regulatory authority shall consult with appropriate State and Federal fish and wildlife agencies and, after consultation, shall identify whether, and under what conditions, the operater may proceed.
            (c) Bald and golden eagles. No surface mining activity shall be conducted in a manner which would result in the unlawful taking of a bald or golden eagle, its nest, or any of its eggs. The operator shall promptly report to the regulatory authority any golden or bald eagle nest within the permit area of which the operator becomes aware. Upon notification, the regulatory authority shall consult with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and also, where appropriate, the State fish and wildlife agency and, after consultation, shall identify whether, and under what conditions, the operator may proceed.

            (d) Nothing in this chapter shall authorize the taking of an endangered or threatened species or a bald or golden eagle, its nest, or any of its eggs in violation of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq., or the Bald Eagle Protection Act, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 668 et seq.

            (e) Each operator shall, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available—
            (1) Ensure that electric powerlines and other transmission facilities used for, or incidental to, surface mining activities on the permit area are designed and constructed to minimize electrocution hazards to raptors, except where the regulatory authority determines that such requirements are unnecessary;
            (2) Locate and operate haul and access roads so as to avoid or minimize impacts on important fish and wildlife species or other species protected by State or Federal law;

            (3) Design fences, overland conveyors, and other potential barriers to permit passage for large mammals, except where the regulatory authority determines that such requirements are unnecessary; and
            (4) Fence, cover, or use other appropriate methods to exclude wildlife from ponds which contain hazardous concentrations of toxic-forming materials.
            (f) Wetlands and habitats of unusually high value for fish and wildlife. The operator conducting surface mining activities shall avoid disturbances to, enhance where practicable, restore, or replace, wetlands, and riparian vegetation along rivers and streams and bordering ponds and lakes. Surface mining activities shall avoid disturbances to, enhance where practicable, or restore, habitats of unusually high value for fish and wildlife.
            (g) Where fish and wildlife habitat is to be a postmining land use, the plant species to be used on reclaimed areas shall be selected on the basis of the following criteria:
            (1) Their proven nutritional value for fish or wildlife.
            (2) Their use as cover for fish or wildlife.
            (3) Their ability to support and enhance fish or wildlife habitat after the release of performance bonds. The selected plants shall be grouped and distributed in a manner which optimizes edge effect, cover, and other benefits to fish and wildlife.
            (h) Where cropland is to be the postmining land use, and where appropriate for wildlife- and crop-management practices, the operator shall intersperse the fields with trees, hedges, or fence rows throughout the harvested area to break up large blocks of monoculture and to diversify habitat types for birds and other animals.
            (i) Where residential, public service, or industrial uses are to be the postmining land use, and where consistent with the approved postmining land use, the operator shall intersperse reclaimed lands with greenbelts utilizing species of grass, shrubs, and trees useful as food and cover for wildlife.
            [48 FR 30327, June 30, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 47360, Dec. 11, 1987; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.99
            Slides and other damage.
            (a) An undisturbed natural barrier shall be provided beginning at the elevation of the lowest coal seam to be mined and extending from the outslope for such distance as may be determined by the regulatory authority as is needed to assure stability. The barrier shall be retained in place to prevent slides and erosion.
            (b) At any time a slide occurs which may have a potential adverse affect on public property, health, safety, or the environment, the person who conducts the surface mining activities shall notify the regulatory authority by the fastest available means and comply with any remedial measures required by the regulatory authority.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.100
            Contemporaneous reclamation.
            Reclamation efforts, including but not limited to backfilling, grading, topsoil replacement, and revegetation, on all land that is disturbed by surface mining activities shall occur as contemporaneously as practicable with mining operations, except when such mining operations are conducted in accordance with a variance for concurrent surface and underground mining activities issued under § 785.18 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 24652, June 1, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.101
            Backfilling and grading: Time and distance requirements.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, rough backfilling and grading for surface mining activities shall be completed according to one of the following schedules:
            (1) Contour mining. Within 60 days or 1,500 linear feet following coal removal;
            (2) Area mining. Within 180 days following coal removal, and not more than four spoil ridges behind the pit being worked, the spoil from the active pit constituting the first ridge; or

            (3) Other surface mining methods. In accordance with the schedule established by the regulatory authority. For States with approved State programs, schedules are subject to the State program approval process.
            (b) The regulatory authority may extend the time allowed for rough backfilling and grading for the entire permit area or for a specified portion of the permit area if the permittee demonstrates in accordance with § 780.18(b)(3) of this chapter that additional time is necessary.
            [56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

              Effective Date Note:
              At 57 FR 33875, July 31, 1992, § 816.101 was suspended indefinitely, effective Aug. 31, 1992.

            § 816.102
            Backfilling and grading: General requirements.
            (a) Disturbed areas shall be backfilled and graded to—
            (1) Achieve the approximate original contour, except as provided in paragraph (k) of this section;
            (2) Eliminate all highwalls, spoil piles, and depressions, except as provided in paragraph (h) (small depressions) and in paragraph (k)(3)(iii) (previously mined highwalls) of this section;
            (3) Achieve a postmining slope that does not exceed either the angle of repose or such lesser slope as is necessary to achieve a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.3 and to prevent slides;
            (4) Minimize erosion and water pollution both on and off the site; and
            (5) Support the approved postmining land use.
            (b) Spoil, except excess spoil disposed of in accordance with §§ 816.71 through 816.74, shall be returned to the mined-out area.
            (c) Spoil and waste materials shall be compacted where advisable to ensure stability or to prevent leaching of toxic materials.
            (d) Spoil may be placed on the area outside the mined-out area in nonsteep slope areas to restore the approximate original contour by blending the spoil into the surrounding terrain if the following requirements are met:
            (1) All vegetative and organic material shall be removed from the area.
            (2) The topsoil on the area shall be removed, segregated, stored, and redistributed in accordance with § 816.22.
            (3) The spoil shall be backfilled and graded on the area in accordance with the requirements of this section.
            (e) Disposal of coal processing waste and underground development waste in the mined-out area shall be in accordance with §§ 816.81 and 816.83, except that a long-term static safety factor of 1.3 shall be achieved.
            (f) Exposed coal seams, acid- and toxic-forming materials, and combustible materials exposed, used, or produced during mining shall be adequately covered with nontoxic and noncombustible material, or treated, to control the impact on surface and ground water in accordance with § 816.41, to prevent sustained combustion, and to minimize adverse effects on plant growth and the approved postmining land use.
            (g) Cut-and-fill terraces may be allowed by the regulatory authority where—
            (1) Needed to conserve soil moisture, ensure stability, and control erosion on final-graded slopes, if the terraces are compatible with the approved postmining land use; or
            (2) Specialized grading, foundation conditions, or roads are required for the approved postmining land use, in which case the final grading may include a terrace of adequate width to ensure the safety, stability, and erosion control necessary to implement the postmining land-use plan.
            (h) Small depressions may be constructed if they are needed to retain moisture, minimize erosion, create and enhance wildlife habitat, or assist revegetation.
            (i) Permanent impoundments may be approved if they meet the requirements of §§ 816.49 and 816.56 and if they are suitable for the approved postmining land use.
            (j) Preparation of final-graded surfaces shall be conducted in a manner that minimizes erosion and provides a surface for replacement of topsoil that will minimize slippage.

            (k) The postmining slope may vary from the approximate original contour when—

            (1) The standards for thin overburden in § 816.104 are met;
            (2) The standards for thick overburden in § 816.105 are met; or
            (3) Approval is obtained from the regulatory authority for—
            (i) Mountaintop removal operations in accordance with § 785.14 of this chapter;
            (ii) A variance from approximate original contour requirements in accordance with § 785.16 of this chapter; or
            (iii) Incomplete elimination of highwalls in previously mined areas in accordance with § 816.106.
            [48 FR 23368, May 24, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 41734, Sept. 16, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.104
            Backfilling and grading: Thin overburden.
            (a) Definition. Thin overburden means insufficient spoil and other waste materials available from the entire permit area to restore the disturbed area to its approximate original contour. Insufficient spoil and other waste materials occur where the overburden thickness times the swell factor, plus the thickness of other available waste materials, is less than the combined thickness of the overburden and coal bed prior to removing the coal, so that after backfilling and grading the surface configuration of the reclaimed area would not:
            (1) Closely resemble the surface configuration of the land prior to mining; or
            (2) Blend into and complement the drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain.
            (b) Performance standards. Where thin overburden occurs within the permit area, the permittee at a minimum shall:
            (1) Use all spoil and other waste materials available from the entire permit area to attain the lowest practicable grade, but not more than the angle of repose; and
            (2) Meet the requirements of §§ 816.102(a)(2) through (j) of this part.
            [56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.105
            Backfilling and grading: Thick overburden.
            (a) Definition. Thick overburden means more than sufficient spoil and other waste materials available from the entire permit area to restore the disturbed area to its approximate original contour. More than sufficient spoil and other waste materials occur where the overburden thickness times the swell factor exceeds the combined thickness of the overburden and coal bed prior to removing the coal, so that after backfilling and grading the surface configuration of the reclaimed area would not:
            (1) Closely resemble the surface configuration of the land prior to mining; or
            (2) Blend into and complement the drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain.
            (b) Performance standards. Where thick overburden occurs within the permit area, the permittee at a minimum shall:
            (1) Restore the approximate original contour and then use the remaining spoil and other waste materials to attain the lowest practicable grade, but not more than the angle of repose;
            (2) Meet the requirements of §§ 816.102 (a)(2) through (j) of this part; and
            (3) Dispose of any excess spoil in accordance with §§ 816.71 through 816.74 of this part.
            [56 FR 65635, Dec. 17, 1991, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.106
            Backfilling and grading: Previously mined areas.
            (a) Remining operations on previously mined areas that contain a preexisting highwall shall comply with the requirements of §§ 816.102 through 816.107 of this chapter, except as provided in this section.

            (b) The requirements of § 816.102(a) (1) and (2) requiring the elimination of highwalls shall not apply to remining opertions where the volume of all reasonably available spoil is demonstrated in writing to the regulatory authority to be insufficient to completely backfill the reaffected or enlarged highwall. The highwall shall be eliminated to the maximum extent technically practical in accordance with the following criteria:
            (1) All spoil generated by the remining operation and any other reasonably available spoil shall be used to backfill the area. Reasonably available spoil in the immediate vicinity of the remining operation shall be included within the permit area.
            (2) The backfill shall be graded to a slope which is compatible with the approved postmining land use and which provides adequate drainage and long-term stability.
            (3) Any highwall remnant shall be stable and not pose a hazard to the public health and safety or to the environment. The operator shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the regulatory authority, that the highwall remnant is stable.
            (4) Spoil placed on the outslope during previous mining operations shall not be disturbed if such disturbances will cause instability of the remaining spoil or otherwise increase the hazard to the public health and safety or to the environment.
            [48 FR 41734, Sept. 16, 1983, as amended at 51 FR 41737, Nov. 18, 1986; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.107
            Backfilling and grading: Steep slopes.
            (a) Surface mining activities on steep slopes shall be conducted so as to meet the requirements of §§ 816.102-816.106, and the requirements of this section except where mining is conducted on flat or gently rolling terrain with an occasional steep slope through which the mining proceeds and leaves a plain or predominantly flat area or where operations are conducted in accordance with part 824 of this chapter.
            (b) The following materials shall not be placed on the downslope:
            (1) Spoil.
            (2) Waste materials of any type.
            (3) Debris, including that from clearing and grubbing.
            (4) Abandoned or disabled equipment.
            (c) Land above the highwall shall not be disturbed unless the regulatory authority finds that this disturbance will facilitate compliance with the environmental protection standards of this subchapter and the disturbance is limited to that necessary to facilitate compliance.
            (d) Woody materials shall not be buried in the backfilled area unless the regulatory authority determines that the proposed method for placing woody material within the backfill will not deteriorate the stable condition of the backfilled area.
            [48 FR 23369, May 24, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 41734, Sept. 16, 1983; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.111
            Revegetation: General requirements.
            (a) The permittee shall establish on regraded areas and on all other disturbed areas except water areas and surface areas of roads that are approved as part of the postmining land use, a vegetative cover that is in accordance with the approved permit and reclamation plan and that is—
            (1) Diverse, effective, and permanent;
            (2) Comprised of species native to the area, or of introduced species where desirable and necessary to achieve the approved postmining land use and approved by the regulatory authority;
            (3) At least equal in extent of cover to the natural vegetation of the area; and
            (4) Capable of stabilizing the soil surface from erosion.
            (b) The reestablished plant species shall—
            (1) Be compatible with the approved postmining land use;
            (2) Have the same seasonal characteristics of growth as the original vegetation;
            (3) Be capable of self-regeneration and plant succession;
            (4) Be compatible with the plant and animal species of the area; and
            (5) Meet the requirements of applicable State and Federal seed, poisonous and noxious plant, and introduced species laws or regulations.

            (c) The regulatory authority may grant exception to the requirements of paragraphs (b) (2) and (3) of this section when the species are necessary to achieve a quick-growing, temporary, stabilizing cover, and measures to establish permanent vegetation are included in the approved permit and reclamation plan.

            (d) When the regulatory authority approves a cropland postmining land use, the regulatory authority may grant exception to the requirements of paragraphs (a) (1), (3), (b) (2), and (3) of this section. The requirements of part 823 of this chapter apply to areas identified as prime farmland.
            [48 FR 40160, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.113
            Revegetation: Timing.
            Disturbed areas shall be planted during the first normal period for favorable planting conditions after replacement of the plant-growth medium. The normal period for favorable planting is that planting time generally accepted locally for the type of plant materials selected.
            [48 FR 40160, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.114
            Revegetation: Mulching and other soil stabilizing practices.
            Suitable mulch and other soil stabilizing practices shall be used on all areas that have been regraded and covered by topsoil or topsoil substitutes. The regulatory authority may waive this requirement if seasonal, soil, or slope factors result in a condition where mulch and other soil stabilizing practices are not necessary to control erosion and to promptly establish an effective vegetative cover.
            [48 FR 40160, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.116
            Revegetation: Standards for success.
            (a) Success of revegetation shall be judged on the effectiveness of the vegetation for the approved postmining land use, the extent of cover compared to the cover occurring in natural vegetation of the area, and the general requirements of § 816.111.
            (1) Standards for success and statistically valid sampling techniques for measuring success shall be selected by the regulatory authority, described in writing, and made available to the public.

            (2) Standards for success shall include criteria representative of unmined lands in the area being reclaimed to evaluate the appropriate vegetation parameters of ground cover, production, or stocking. Ground cover, production, or stocking shall be considered equal to the approved success standard when they are not less than 90 percent of the success standard. The sampling techniques for measuring success shall use a 90-percent statistical confidence interval (i.e., one-sided test with a 0.10 alpha error).
            (b) Standards for success shall be applied in accordance with the approved postmining land use and, at a minimum, the following conditions:
            (1) For areas developed for use as grazing land or pasture land, the ground cover and production of living plants on the revegetated area shall be at least equal to that of a reference area or such other success standards approved by the regulatory authority.
            (2) For areas developed for use as cropland, crop production on the revegetated area shall be at least equal to that of a reference area or such other success standards approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) For areas to be developed for fish and wildlife habitat, recreation, undeveloped land, or forest products, success of vegetation shall be determined on the basis of tree and shrub stocking and vegetative ground cover. Such parameters are described as follows:
            (i) Minimum stocking and planting arrangements shall be specified by the regulatory authority on the basis of local and regional conditions and after consultation with and approval by the State agencies responsible for the administration of forestry and wildlife programs. Consultation and approval may occur on either a programwide or a permit-specific basis.

            (ii) Trees and shrubs that will be used in determining the success of stocking and the adequacy of the plant arrangement shall have utility for the approved postmining land use. Trees and shrubs counted in determining such success shall be healthy and have been in place for not less than two growing seasons. At the time of bond release, at least 80 percent of the trees and shrubs used to determine such success shall have been in place for 60 percent of the applicable minimum period of responsibility. The requirements of this section apply to trees and shrubs that have been seeded or transplanted and can be met when records of woody vegetation planted show that no woody plants were planted during the last two growing seasons of the responsibility period and, if any replanting of woody plants took place during the responsibility period, the total number planted during the last 60 percent of that period is less than 20 percent of the total number of woody plants required. Any replanting must be by means of transplants to allow for adequate accounting of plant stocking. This final accounting may include volunteer trees and shrubs of approved species. Volunteer trees and shrubs of approved species shall be deemed equivalent to planted specimens two years of age or older and can be counted towards success. Suckers on shrubby vegetation can be counted as volunteer plants when it is evident the shrub community is vigorous and expanding.
            (iii) Vegetative ground cover shall not be less than that required to achieve the approved postmining land use.
            (4) For areas to be developed for industrial, commercial, or residential use less than 2 years after regrading is completed, the vegetative ground cover shall not be less than that required to control erosion.
            (5) For areas previously disturbed by mining that were not reclaimed to the requirements of this subchapter and that are remined or otherwise redisturbed by surface coal mining operations, as a minimum, the vegetative ground cover shall be not less than the ground cover existing before redisturbance and shall be adequate to control erosion.
            (c)(1) The period of extended responsibility for successful revegetation shall begin after the last year of augmented seeding, fertilizing, irrigation, or other work, excluding husbandry practices that are approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with paragraph (c)(4) of this section.
            (2) In areas of more than 26.0 inches of annual average precipitation, the period of responsibility shall continue for a period of not less than:
            (i) Five full years, except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section. The vegetation parameters identified in paragraph (b) of this section for grazing land, pasture land, or cropland shall equal or exceed the approved success standard during the growing season of any 2 years of the responsibility period, except the first year. Areas approved for the other uses identified in paragraph (b) of this section shall equal or exceed the applicable success standard during the growing season of the last year of the responsibility period.
            (ii) Two full years for lands eligible for remining included in a permit for which a finding has been made under § 773.15(m) of this chapter. To the extent that the success standards are established by paragraph (b)(5) of this section, the lands must equal or exceed the standards during the growing season of the last year of the responsibility period.
            (3) In areas of 26.0 inches or less average annual precipitation, the period of responsibility shall continue for a period of not less than:
            (i) Ten full years, except as provided in paragraph (c)(3)(ii) in this section. The vegetation parameters identified in paragraph (b) of this section for grazing land, pasture land, or cropland shall equal or exceed the approved success standard during the growing season of any two years after year six of the responsibility period. Areas approved for the other uses identified in paragraph (b) of this section shall equal or exceed the applicable success standard during the growing season of the last year of the responsibility period.
            (ii) Five full years for lands eligible for remining included in a permit for which a finding has been made under § 773.15(m) of this chapter. To the extent that the success standards are established by paragraph (b)(5) of this section, the lands must equal or exceed the standards during the growing seasons of the last two consecutive years of the responsibility period.

            (4) The regulatory authority may approve selective husbandry practices, excluding augmented seeding, fertilization, or irrigation, provided it obtains prior approval from the Director in accordance with § 732.17 of this chapter that the practices are normal husbandry practices, without extending the period of responsibility for revegetation success and bond liability, if such practices can be expected to continue as part of the postmining land use or if discontinuance of the practices after the liability period expires will not reduce the probability of permanent revegetation success. Approved practices shall be normal husbandry practices within the region for unmined lands having land uses similar to the approved postmining land use of the disturbed area, including such practices as disease, pest, and vermin control; and any pruning, reseeding, and transplanting specifically necessitated by such actions.
            [48 FR 40160, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 34642, Sept. 7, 1988; 60 FR 58492, Nov. 27, 1995; 71 FR 51705, Aug. 30, 2006; 73 FR 67630, Nov. 14, 2008; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.131
            Cessation of operations: Temporary.
            (a) Each person who conducts surface mining activities shall effectively secure surface facilities in areas in which there are no current operations, but in which operations are to be resumed under an approved permit. Temporary abandonment shall not relieve a person of their obligation to comply with any provisions of the approved permit.
            (b) Before temporary cessation of mining and reclamation operations for a period of thirty days or more, or as soon as it is known that a temporary cessation will extend beyond 30 days, persons who conduct surface mining activities shall submit to the regulatory authority a notice of intention to cease or abandon mining and reclamation operations. This notice shall include a statement of the exact number of acres which will have been affected in the permit area, prior to such temporary cessation, the extent and kind of reclamation of those areas which will have been accomplished, and identification of the backfilling, regrading, revegetation, environmental monitoring, and water treatment activities that will continue during the temporary cessation.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.132
            Cessation of operations: Permanent.
            (a) Persons who cease surface mining activities permanently shall close or backfill or otherwise permanently reclaim all affected areas, in accordance with this chapter and the permit approved by the regulatory authority.
            (b) All underground openings, equipment, structures, or other facilities not required for monitoring, unless approved by the regulatory authority as suitable for the postmining land use or environmental monitoring, shall be removed and the affected land reclaimed.
            [44 FR 15395, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.133
            Postmining land use.
            (a) General. All disturbed areas shall be restored in a timely manner to conditions that are capable of supporting—
            (1) The uses they were capable of supporting before any mining; or
            (2) Higher or better uses.
            (b) Determining premining uses of land. The premining uses of land to which the postmining land use is compared shall be those uses which the land previously supported, if the land has not been previously mined and has been properly managed. The postmining land use for land that has been previously mined and not reclaimed shall be judged on the basis of the land use that existed prior to any mining: Provided that, if the land cannot be reclaimed to the land use that existed prior to any mining because of the previously mined condition, the postmining land use shall be judged on the basis of the highest and best use that can be achieved which is compatible with surrounding areas and does not require the disturbance of areas previously unaffected by mining.
            (c) Criteria for alternative postmining land uses. Higher or better uses may be approved by the regulatory authority as alternative postmining land uses after consultation with the landowner or the land management agency having jurisdiction over the lands, if the proposed uses meet the following criteria:
            (1) There is a reasonable likelihood for achievement of the use.
            (2) The use does not present any actual or probable hazard to public health or safety, or threat of water diminution or pollution.
            (3) The use will not—
            (i) Be impractical or unreasonable;
            (ii) Be inconsistent with applicable land use policies or plans;
            (iii) Involve unreasonable delay in implementation; or
            (iv) Cause or contribute to violation of Federal, State, or local law.
            (d) Approximate original contour: Criteria for variance. Surface coal mining operations that meet the requirements of this paragraph may be conducted under a variance from the requirement to restore disturbed areas to their approximate original contour, if the following requirements are satisfied:
            (1) The regulatory authority grants the variance under a permit issued in accordance with § 785.16 of this chapter.
            (2) The alternative postmining land use requirements of paragraph (c) of this section are met.
            (3) All applicable requirements of the Act and the regulatory program, other than the requirement to restore disturbed areas to their approximate original contour, are met.
            (4) After consultation with the appropriate land use planning agencies, if any, the potential use is shown to constitute an equal or better economic or public use.
            (5) The proposed use is designed and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer in conformance with professional standards established to assure the stability, drainage, and configuration necessary for the intended use of the site.
            (6) After approval, where required, of the appropriate State environmental agencies, the watershed of the permit and adjacent areas is shown to be improved.
            (7) The highwall is completely backfilled with spoil material, in a manner which results in a static factor of safety of at least 1.3, using standard geotechnical analysis.
            (8) Only the amount of spoil as is necessary to achieve the postmining land use, ensure the stability of spoil retained on the bench, and meet all other requirements of the Act and this chapter is placed off the mine bench. All spoil not retained on the bench shall be placed in accordance with §§ 816.71-816.74 of this chapter.
            (9) The surface landowner of the permit area has knowingly requested, in writing, that a variance be granted, so as to render the land, after reclamation, suitable for an industrial, commercial, residential, or public use (including recreational facilities).
            (10) Federal, State, and local government agencies with an interest in the proposed land use have an adequate period in which to review and comment on the proposed use.
            [48 FR 39904, Sept. 1, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.150
            Roads: general.
            (a) Road classification system. (1) Each road, as defined in § 701.5 of this chapter, shall be classified as either a primary road or an ancillary road.
            (2) A primary road is any road which is—
            (i) Used for transporting coal or spoil;
            (ii) Frequently used for access or other purposes for a period in excess of six months; or
            (iii) To be retained for an approved postmining land use.
            (3) An ancillary road is any road not classified as a primary road.
            (b) Performance standards. Each road shall be located, designed, constructed, reconstructed, used, maintained, and reclaimed so as to:
            (1) Control or prevent erosion, siltation, and the air pollution attendant to erosion, including road dust as well as dust occurring on other exposed surfaces, by measures such as vegetating, watering, using chemical or other dust suppressants, or otherwise stabilizing all exposed surfaces in accordance with current, prudent engineering practices;
            (2) Control or prevent damage to fish, wildlife, or their habitat and related environmental values;

            (3) Control or prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to stream flow or runoff outside the permit area;

            (4) Neither cause nor contribute to, directly or indirectly, the violation of State or Federal water quality standards applicable to receiving waters;
            (5) Refrain from seriously altering the normal flow of water in streambeds or drainage channels;
            (6) Prevent or control damage to public or private property, including the prevention or mitigation of adverse effects on lands within the boundaries of units of the National Park System, the National Wildlife Refuge System, the National System of Trails, the National Wilderness Preservation System, the Wild and Scenic Rivers System, including designated study rivers, and National Recreation Areas designated by Act of Congress;
            (7) Use nonacid- and nontoxic-forming substances in road surfacing.
            (c) Design and construction limits and establishment of design criteria. To ensure environmental protection appropriate for their planned duration and use, including consideration of the type and size of equipment used, the design and construction or reconstruction of roads shall incorporate appropriate limits for grade, width, surface materials, surface drainage control, culvert placement, and culvert size, in accordance with current, prudent engineering practices, and any necessary design criteria established by the regulatory authority.
            (d) Location. (1) No part of any road shall be located in the channel of an intermittent or perennial stream unless specifically approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with applicable §§ 816.41 through 816.43 and 816.57 of this chapter.
            (2) Roads shall be located to minimize downstream sedimentation and flooding.
            (e) Maintenance. (1) A road shall be maintained to meet the performance standards of this part and any additional criteria specified by the regulatory authority.
            (2) A road damaged by a catastrophic event, such as a flood or earthquake, shall be repaired as soon as is practicable after the damage has occurred.
            (f) Reclamation. A road not to be retained under an approved postmining land use shall be reclaimed in accordance with the approved reclamation plan as soon as practicable after it is no longer needed for mining and reclamation operations. This reclamation shall include:
            (1) Closing the road to traffic;
            (2) Removing all bridges and culverts unless approved as part of the postmining land use;
            (3) Removing or otherwise disposing of road-surfacing materials that are incompatible with the postmining land use and revegetation requirements;
            (4) Reshaping cut and fill slopes as necessary to be compatible with the postmining land use and to complement the natural drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain;
            (5) Protecting the natural drainage patterns by installing dikes or cross drains as necessary to control surface runoff and erosion; and
            (6) Scarifying or ripping the roadbed; replacing topsoil or substitute material, and revegetating disturbed surfaces in accordance with §§ 816.22 and 816.111 through 816.116 of this chapter.
            [53 FR 45212, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.151
            Primary roads.
            Primary roads shall meet the requirements of section 816.150 and the additional requirements of this section.
            (a) Certification. The construction or reconstruction of primary roads shall be certified in a report to the regulatory authority by a qualified registered professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to certify the construction or reconstruction of primary roads, a qualified registered professional land surveyor with experience in the design and construction of roads. The report shall indicate that the primary road has been constructed or reconstructed as designed and in accordance with the approved plan.
            (b) Safety Factor. Each primary road embankment shall have a minimum static factor of 1.3 or meet the requirements established under § 780.37(c) of this chapter.
            (c) Location. (1) To minimize erosion, a primary road shall be located, insofar as is practicable, on the most stable available surface.

            (2) Fords or perennial or intermittent streams by primary roads are prohibited unless they are specifically approved by the regulatory authority as temporary routes during periods of road construction.
            (d) Drainage control. In accordance with the approved plan—
            (1) Each primary road shall be constructed or reconstructed, and maintained to have adequate drainage control, using structures such as, but not limited to bridges, ditches, cross drains, and ditch relief drains. The drainage control system shall be designed to safely pass the peak runoff from a 10-year, 6-hour precipitation event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority;
            (2) Drainage pipes and culverts shall be installed as designed, and maintained in a free and operating condition and to prevent or control erosion at inlets and outlets;
            (3) Drainage ditches shall be constructed and maintained to prevent uncontrolled drainage over the road surface and embankment;
            (4) Culverts shall be installed and maintained to sustain the vertical soil pressure, the passive resistance of the foundation, and the weight of vehicles using the road;
            (5) Natural stream channels shall not be altered or relocated without the prior approval of the regulatory authority in accordance with applicable § 816.41 through 816.43 and 816.57 of this chapter; and
            (6) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, structures for perennial or intermittent stream channel crossings shall be made using bridges, culverts, low-water crossings, or other structures designed, constructed, and maintained using current, prudent engineering practices. The regulatory authority shall ensure that low-water crossings are designed, constructed, and maintained to prevent erosion of the structure or streambed and additional contributions of suspended solids to steamflow.
            (e) Surfacing. Primary roads shall be surfaced with material approved by the regulatory authority as being sufficiently durable for the anticipated volume of traffic and the weight and speed of vehicles using the road.
            [53 FR 45212, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.180
            Utility installations.
            All surface coal mining operations shall be conducted in a manner which minimizes damage, destruction, or disruption of services provided by oil, gas, and water wells; oil, gas, and coal-slurry pipelines; railroads; electric and telephone lines; and water and sewage lines which pass over, under, or through the permit area, unless otherwise approved by the owner of those facilities and the regulatory authority.
            [48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.181
            Support facilities.
            (a) Support facilities shall be operated in accordance with a permit issued for the mine or coal preparation operation to which it is incident or from which its operation results.
            (b) In addition to the other provisions of this part, support facilities shall be located, maintained, and used in a manner that—
            (1) Prevents or controls erosion and siltation, water pollution, and damage to public or private property; and
            (2) To the extent possible using the best technology currently available—
            (i) Minimizes damage to fish, wildlife, and related environmental values; and
            (ii) Minimizes additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area. Any such contributions shall not be in excess of limitations of State or Federal law.
            [48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 816.200
            Interpretative rules related to general performance standards.
            The following interpretations of rules promulgated in part 816 of this chapter have been adopted by the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.
            (a)-(b) [Reserved]

            (c) Interpretation of § 816.22(e)—Topsoil Removal. (1) Results of physical and chemical analyses of overburden and topsoil to demonstrate that the resulting soil medium is equal to or more suitable for sustaining revegetation than the available topsoil, provided that trials, and tests are certified by an approved laboratory in accordance with 30 CFR 816.22(e)(1)(ii), may be obtained from any one or a combination of the following sources:
            (i) U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service published data based on established soil series;
            (ii) U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Technical Guides;
            (iii) State agricultural agency, university, Tennessee Valley Authority, Bureau of Land Management or U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service published data based on soil series properties and behavior, or
            (iv) Results of physical and chemical analyses, field site trials, or greenhouse tests of the topsoil and overburden materials (soil series) from the permit area.
            (2) If the operator demonstrates through soil survey or other data that the topsoil and unconsolidated material are insufficient and substitute materials will be used, only the substitute materials must be analyzed in accordance with 30 CFR 816.22(e)(1)(i).
            [45 FR 26000, Apr. 16, 1980 and 45 FR 39447, June 10, 1980, as amended at 45 FR 73946, Nov. 7, 1980; 81 FR 93392, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54979, Nov. 17, 2017]

          Pt. 817
          PART 817—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—UNDERGROUND MINING ACTIVITIES

            Sec.
            817.1
            Scope.
            817.2
            Objectives.
            817.10
            Information collection.
            817.11
            Signs and markers.
            817.13
            Casing and sealing of exposed underground openings: General requirements.
            817.14
            Casing and sealing of underground openings: Temporary.
            817.15
            Casing and sealing of underground openings: Permanent.
            817.22
            Topsoil and subsoil.
            817.41
            Hydrologic-balance protection.
            817.42
            Hydrologic balance: Water quality standards and effluent limitations.
            817.43
            Diversions.
            817.45
            Hydrologic balance: Sediment control measures.
            817.46
            Hydrologic balance: Siltation structures.
            817.47
            Hydrologic balance: Discharge structures.
            817.49
            Impoundments.
            817.56
            Postmining rehabilitation of sedimentation ponds, diversions, impoundments, and treatment facilities.
            817.57
            Hydrologic balance: Stream buffer zones.
            817.59
            Coal recovery.
            817.61
            Use of explosives: General requirements.
            817.62
            Use of explosives: Preblasting survey.
            817.64
            Use of explosives: General performance standards.
            817.66
            Use of explosives: Blasting signs, warnings, and access controls.
            817.67
            Use of explosives: Control of adverse effects.
            817.68
            Use of explosives: Records of blasting operations.
            817.71
            Disposal of excess spoil: General requirements.
            817.72
            Disposal of excess spoil: Valley fill/head-of-hollow fills.
            817.73
            Disposal of excess spoil: Durable rock fills.
            817.74
            Disposal of excess spoil: Preexisting benches.
            817.81
            Coal mine waste: General requirements.
            817.83
            Coal mine waste: Refuse piles.
            817.84
            Coal mine waste: Impounding structures.
            817.87
            Coal mine waste: Burning and burned waste utilization.
            817.89
            Disposal of noncoal mine wastes.
            817.95
            Stabilization of surface areas.
            817.97
            Protection of fish, wildlife and related environmental values.
            817.99
            Slides and other damage.
            817.100
            Contemporaneous reclamation.
            817.102
            Backfilling and grading: General requirements.
            817.106
            Backfilling and grading: Previously mined areas.
            817.107
            Backfilling and grading: Steep slopes.
            817.111
            Revegetation: General requirements.
            817.113
            Revegetation: Timing.
            817.114
            Revegetation: Mulching and other soil stabilizing practices.
            817.116
            Revegetation: Standards for success.
            817.121
            Subsidence control.
            817.122
            Subsidence control: Public notice.
            817.131
            Cessation of operations: Temporary.
            817.132
            Cessation of operations: Permanent.
            817.133
            Postmining land use.
            817.150
            Roads: General.
            817.151
            Primary roads.
            817.180
            Utility installations.

            817.181
            Support facilities.
            817.200
            Interpretative rules related to general performance standards.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 817 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 817.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth the minimum environmental protection performance standards to be adopted and implemented under regulatory programs for underground mining activities.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.2
            Objectives.
            This part is intended to ensure that all underground mining activities are conducted in a manner which preserves and enhances environmental and other values in accordance with the Act.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.10
            Information collection.

            (a) The collections of information contained in part 817 have been approved by Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0048. The information will be used to meet the requirements of 30 U.S.C. 1211, 1251, 1266, and 1309a which provide, among other things, that permittees conducting underground coal mining operations will meet the applicable performance standards of the Act. This information will be used by the regulatory authority in monitoring and inspecting underground mining activities. The obligation to respond is required to obtain a benefit.
            (b) Public reporting burden for this information is estimated to average 4 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information.
            [79 FR 76232, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.11
            Signs and markers.
            (a) Specifications. Signs and markers required under this part shall—
            (1) Be posted, maintained, and removed by the person who conducts the underground mining activities;
            (2) Be of a uniform design throughout the activities that can be easily seen and read;
            (3) Be made of durable material; and
            (4) Conform to local laws and regulations.
            (b) Duration of maintenance. Signs and markers shall be maintained during all activities to which they pertain.
            (c) Mine and permit identification signs. (1) Identification signs shall be displayed at each point of access from public roads to areas of surface operations and facilities on permit areas for underground mining activities.
            (2) Signs will show the name, business address, and telephone number of the person who conducts underground mining activities and the identification number of the current regulatory program permit authorizing underground mining activities.
            (3) Signs shall be retained and maintained until after the release of all bonds for the permit area.
            (d) Perimeter markers. Each person who conducts underground mining activities shall clearly mark the perimeter of all areas affected by surface operations or facilities before beginning mining activities.
            (e) Buffer zone markers. Buffer zones required by § 817.57 shall be clearly marked to prevent disturbance by surface operations and facilities.
            (f) Topsoil markers. Where topsoil or other vegetation-supporting material is segregated and stockpiled as required under § 817.22, the stockpiled material shall be clearly marked.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 9809, Mar. 8, 1983; 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 73 FR 75884, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76232, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.13
            Casing and sealing of exposed underground openings: General requirements.
            Each exploration hole, other drillhole or borehole, shaft, well, or other exposed underground opening shall be cased, lined, or otherwise managed as approved by the regulatory authority to prevent acid or other toxic drainage from entering ground and surface waters, to minimize disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance and to ensure the safety of people, livestock, fish and wildlife, and machinery in the permit area and adjacent area. Each exploration hole, drill hole or borehole or well that is uncovered or exposed by mining activities within the permit area shall be permanently closed, unless approved for water monitoring or otherwise managed in a manner approved by the regulatory authority. Use of a drilled hole or monitoring well as a water well must meet the provisions of § 817.41 of this part. This section does not apply to holes drilled and used for blasting, in the area affected by surface operations.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 48 FR 43992, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.14
            Casing and sealing of underground openings: Temporary.
            (a) Each mine entry which is temporarily inactive, but has a further projected useful service under the approved permit application, shall be protected by barricades or other covering devices, fenced, and posted with signs, to prevent access into the entry and to identify the hazardous nature of the opening. These devices shall be periodically inspected and maintained in good operating condition by the person who conducts the underground mining activities.
            (b) Each exploration hole, other drill hole or borehole, shaft, well, and other exposed underground opening which has been identified in the approved permit application for use to return underground development waste, coal processing waste or water to underground workings, or to be used to monitor ground water conditions, shall be temporarily sealed until actual use.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.15
            Casing and sealing of underground openings: Permanent.
            When no longer needed for monitoring or other use approved by the regulatory authority upon a finding of no adverse environmental or health and safety effects, or unless approved for transfer as a water well under § 817.41, each shaft, drift, adit, tunnel, exploratory hole, entryway or other opening to the surface from underground shall be capped, sealed, backfilled, or otherwise properly managed, as required by the regulatory authority in accordance with § 817.13 and consistent with 30 CFR 75.1711. Permanent closure measures shall be designed to prevent access to the mine workings by people, livestock, fish and wildlife, machinery and to keep acid or other toxic drainage from entering ground or surface waters.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 43992, Sept. 26, 1983; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.22
            Topsoil and subsoil.
            (a) Removal. (1)(i) All topsoil shall be removed as a separate layer from the area to be disturbed, and segregated.
            (ii) Where the topsoil is of insufficient quantity or of poor quality for sustaining vegetation, the materials approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with paragraph (b) of this section shall be removed as a separate layer from the area to be disturbed, and segregated.
            (2) If topsoil is less than 6 inches thick, the operator may remove the topsoil and the unconsolidated materials immediately below the topsoil and treat the mixture as topsoil.
            (3) The regulatory authority may choose not to require the removal of topsoil for minor disturbances which—
            (i) Occur at the site of small structures, such as power poles, signs, or fence lines; or

            (ii) Will not destroy the existing vegetation and will not cause erosion.

            (4) Timing. All materials to be removed under this section shall be removed after the vegetative cover that would interfere with its salvage is cleared from the area to be disturbed, but before any drilling, blasting, mining, or other surface disturbance takes place.
            (b) Substitutes and supplements. Selected overburden materials may be substituted for, or used as a supplement to, topsoil if the operator demonstrates to the regulatory authority that the resulting soil medium is equal to, or more suitable for sustaining vegetation than, the existing topsoil, and the resulting soil medium is the best available in the permit area to support revegetation.
            (c) Storage. (1) Materials removed under Paragraph (a) of this section shall be segregated and stockpiled when it is impractical to redistribute such materials promptly on regraded areas.
            (2) Stockpiled materials shall—
            (i) Be selectively placed on a stable site within the permit area;
            (ii) Be protected from contaminants and unnecessary compaction that would interfere with revegetation;
            (iii) Be protected from wind and water erosion through prompt establishment and maintenance of an effective, quick growing vegetative cover or through other measures approved by the regulatory authority; and
            (iv) Not be moved until required for redistribution unless approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) Where long-term surface disturbances will result from facilities such as support facilities and preparation plants and where stockpiling of materials removed under paragraph (a)(1) of this section would be detrimental to the quality or quantity of those materials, the regulatory authority may approve the temporary distribution of the soil materials so removed to an approved site within the permit area to enhance the current use of that site until needed for later reclamation, provided that—
            (i) Such action will not permanently diminish the capability of the topsoil of the host site; and
            (ii) The material will be retained in a condition more suitable for redistribution than if stockpiled.
            (d) Redistribution. (1) Topsoil materials and topsoil substitutes and supplements removed under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section shall be redistributed in a manner that—
            (i) Achieves an approximately uniform, stable thickness when consistent with the approved postmining land use, contours, and surface-water drainage systems. Soil thickness may also be varied to the extent such variations help meet the specific revegetation goals identified in the permit;
            (ii) Prevents excess compaction of the materials; and
            (iii) Protects the materials from wind and water erosion before and after seeding and planting.
            (2) Before redistribution of the material removed under paragraph (a) of this section, the regraded land shall be treated if necessary to reduce potential slippage of the redistributed material and to promote root penetration. If no harm will be caused to the redistributed material and reestablished vegetation, such treatment may be conducted after such material is replaced.
            (3) The regulatory authority may choose not to require the redistribution of topsoil or topsoil substitutes on the approved postmining embankments of permanent impoundments or of roads if it determines that—
            (i) Placement of topsoil or topsoil substitutes on such embankments is inconsistent with the requirement to use the best technology currently available to prevent sedimentation, and
            (ii) Such embankments will be otherwise stabilized.
            (4) Nutrients and soil amendments. Nutrients and soil amendments shall be applied to the initially redistributed material when necessary to establish the vegetative cover.
            (e) Subsoil segregation. The regulatory authority may require that the B horizon, C horizon, or other underlying strata, or portions thereof, be removed and segregated, stockpiled, and redistributed as subsoil in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs (c) and (d) of this section if it finds that such subsoil layers are necessary to comply with the revegetation requirements of §§ 817.111, 817.113, 817.114, and 817.116 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 22101, May 16, 1983, as amended at 71 FR 51706, Aug. 30, 2006; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.41
            Hydrologic-balance protection.
            (a) General. All underground mining and reclamation activities shall be conducted to minimize disturbance of the hydrologic balance within the permit and adjacent areas, to prevent material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area, and to support approved postmining land uses in accordance with the terms and conditions of the approved permit and the performance standards of this part. The regulatory authority may require additional preventative, remedial, or monitoring measures to assure that material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area is prevented. Mining and reclamation practices that minimize water pollution and changes in flow shall be used in preference to water treatment.
            (b) Ground-water protection. In order to protect the hydrologic balance underground mining activities shall be conducted according to the plan approved under § 784.14(g) of this chapter and the following.
            (1) Ground-water quality shall be protected by handling earth materials and runoff in a manner that minimizes acidic, toxic, or other harmful infiltration to ground-water systems and by managing excavations and other disturbances to prevent or control the discharge of pollutants into the ground water.
            (c) Ground-water monitoring. (1) Ground-water monitoring shall be conducted according to the ground-water monitoring plan approved under § 784.14(h) of this chapter. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring when necessary.
            (2) Ground-water monitoring data shall be submitted every 3 months to the regulatory authority or more frequently as prescribed by the regulatory authority. Monitoring reports shall include analytical results from each sample taken during the reporting period. When the analysis of any ground-water sample indicates noncompliance with the permit conditions, then the operator shall promptly notify the regulatory authority and immediately take the actions provided for in §§ 773.17(e) and 784.14(g) of this chapter.
            (3) Ground-water monitoring shall proceed through mining and continue during reclamation until bond release. Consistent with the procedures of § 774.13 of this chapter, the regulatory authority may modify the monitoring requirements including the parameters covered and the sampling frequency if the operator demonstrates, using the monitoring data obtained under this paragraph, that—
            (i) The operation has minimized disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance in the permit and adjacent areas and prevented material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area; water quantity and quality are suitable to support approved postmining land uses; or
            (ii) Monitoring is no longer necessary to achieve the purposes set forth in the monitoring plan approved under § 784.14(h) of this chapter.
            (4) Equipment, structures, and other devices used in conjunction with monitoring the quality and quantity of ground water onsite and offsite shall be properly installed, maintained, and operated and shall be removed by the operator when no longer needed.
            (d) Surface-water protection. In order to protect the hydrologic balance, underground mining activities shall be conducted according to the plan approved under § 784.14(g) of this chapter, and the following:

            (1) Surface-water quality shall be protected by handling earth materials, ground-water discharges, and runoff in a manner that minimizes the formation of acidic or toxic drainage; prevents, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, additional contribution of suspended solids to streamflow outside the permit area; and otherwise prevent water pollution. If drainage control, restabilization and revegetation of disturbed areas, diversion of runoff, mulching, or other reclamation and remedial practices are not adequate to meet the requirements of this section and § 817.42, the operator shall use and maintain the necessary water-treatment facilities or water quality controls.
            (2) Surface-water quantity and flow rates shall be protected by handling earth materials and runoff in accordance with the steps outlined in the plan approved under § 784.14(g) of this chapter.
            (e) Surface-water monitoring. (1) Surface-water monitoring shall be conducted according to the surface-water monitoring plan approved under § 784.14(i) of this chapter. The regulatory authority may require additional monitoring when necessary.
            (2) Surface-water monitoring data shall be submitted every 3 months to the regulatory authority or more frequently as prescribed by the regulatory authority. Monitoring reports shall include analytical results from each sample taken during the reporting period. When the analysis of any surface-water sample indicates noncompliance with the permit conditions, the operator shall promptly notify the regulatory authority and immediately take the actions provided for in §§ 773.17(e) and 784.14(g) of this chapter. The reporting requirements of this paragraph do not exempt the operator from meeting any National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) reporting requirements.
            (3) Surface-water monitoring shall proceed through mining and continue during reclamation until bond release. Consistent with § 774.13 of this chapter, the regulatory authority may modify the monitoring requirements, except those required by the NPDES permitting authority, including the parameters covered and sampling frequency if the operator demonstrates, using the monitoring data obtained under this paragraph, that—
            (i) The operation has minimized disturbance to the hydrologic balance in the permit and adjacent areas and prevented material damage to the hydrologic balance outside the permit area; water quantity and quality are suitable to support approved postmining land uses; and
            (ii) Monitoring is no longer necessary to achieve the purposes set forth in the monitoring plan approved under § 784.14(i) of this chapter.
            (4) Equipment, structures, and other devices used in conjunction with monitoring the quality and quantity of surface water onsite and offsite shall be properly installed, maintained, and operated and shall be removed by the operator when no longer needed.
            (f) Acid- and toxic-forming materials. (1) Drainage from acid- and toxic-forming materials and underground development waste into surface water and ground water shall be avoided by—
            (i) Identifying and burying and/or treating, when necessary, materials which may adversely affect water quality, or be detrimental to vegetation or to public health and safety if not buried and/or treated, and
            (ii) Storing materials in a manner that will protect surface water and ground water by preventing erosion, the formation of polluted runoff, and the infiltration of polluted water. Storage shall be limited to the period until burial and/or treatment first become feasible, and so long as storage will not result in any risk of water pollution or other environmental damage.
            (2) Storage, burial or treatment practices shall be consistent with other material handling and disposal provisions of this chapter.
            (g) Transfer of wells. Before final release of bond, exploratory or monitoring wells shall be sealed in a safe and environmentally sound manner in accordance with §§ 817.13 and 817.15. With the prior approval of the regulatory authority, wells may be transferred to another party for further use. However, at a minimum, the conditions of such transfer shall comply with State and local laws and the permittee shall remain responsible for the proper management of the well until bond release in accordance with §§ 817.13 to 817.15.
            (h) Discharges into an underground mine. (1) Discharges into an underground mine are prohibited, unless specifically approved by the regulatory authority after a demonstration that the discharge will—

            (i) Minimize disturbance to the hydrologic balance on the permit area, prevent material damage outside the permit area and otherwise eliminate public hazards resulting from underground mining activities;

            (ii) Not result in a violation of applicable water quality standards or effluent limitations;
            (iii) Be at a known rate and quality which shall meet the effluent limitations of § 817.42 for pH and total suspended solids, except that the pH and total suspended solids limitations may be exceeded, if approved by the regulatory authority; and
            (iv) Meet with the approval of the Mine Safety and Health Administration.
            (2) Discharges shall be limited to the following:
            (i) water;
            (ii) Coal-processing waste;
            (iii) Fly ash from a coal-fired facility;
            (iv) Sludge from an acid-mine-drainage treatment facility;
            (v) Flue-gas desulfurization sludge;
            (vi) Inert materials used for stabilizing underground mines; and
            (vii) Underground mine development wastes.
            (3) Water from one underground mine may be diverted into other underground workings according to the requirements of this section.
            (i) Gravity discharges from underground mines. (1) Surface entries and accesses to underground workings shall be located and managed to prevent or control gravity discharge of water from the mine. Gravity discharges of water from an underground mine, other than a drift mine subject to paragraph (i)(2) of this section, may be allowed by the regulatory authority if it is demonstrated that the untreated or treated discharge complies with the performance standards of this part and any additional NPDES permit requirements.
            (2) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in paragraph (i)(1) of this section, the surface entries and accesses of drift mines first used after the implementation of a State, Federal, or Federal Lands Program and located in acid-producing or iron-producing coal seams shall be located in such a manner as to prevent any gravity discharge from the mine.
            (j) Drinking, domestic or residential water supply. The permittee must promptly replace any drinking, domestic or residential water supply that is contaminated, diminished or interrupted by underground mining activities conducted after October 24, 1992, if the affected well or spring was in existence before the date the regulatory authority received the permit application for the activities causing the loss, contamination or interruption. The baseline hydrologic information required in §§ 780.21 and 784.14 of this chapter and the geologic information concerning baseline hydrologic conditions required in §§ 780.21 and 784.22 of this chapter will be used to determine the impact of mining activities upon the water supply.
            [48 FR 43992, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 45924, Dec. 2, 1987; 60 FR 16749, Mar. 31, 1995; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.42
            Hydrologic balance: Water quality standards and effluent limitations.
            Discharges of water from areas disturbed by underground mining activities shall be made in compliance with all applicable State and Federal water quality laws and regulations and with the effluent limitations for coal mining promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency set forth in 40 CFR part 434.
            [47 FR 47222, Oct. 22, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 44051, Sept. 26, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.43
            Diversions.
            (a) General requirements. (1) With the approval of the regulatory authority, any flow from mined areas abandoned before May 3, 1978, and any flow from undisturbed areas or reclaimed areas, after meeting the criteria of § 817.46 for siltation structure removal, may be diverted from disturbed areas by means of temporary or permanent diversions. All diversions shall be designed to minimize adverse impacts to the hydrologic balance within the permit and adjacent areas, to prevent material damage outside the permit area and to assure the safety of the public. Diversions shall not be used to divert water into underground mines without approval of the regulatory authority in accordance with § 817.41(h).

            (2) The diversion and its appurtenant structures shall be designed, located, constructed, and maintained to—

            (i) Be stable;
            (ii) Provide protection against flooding and resultant damage to life and property;
            (iii) Prevent, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow outside the permit area; and
            (iv) Comply with all applicable local, State, and Federal laws and regulations.
            (3) Temporary diversions shall be removed promptly when no longer needed to achieve the purpose for which they were authorized. The land disturbed by the removal process shall be restored in accordance with this part. Before diversions are removed, downstream water-treatment facilities previously protected by the diversion shall be modified or removed, as necessary, to prevent overtopping or failure of the facilities. This requirement shall not relieve the operator from maintaining water-treatment facilities as otherwise required. A permanent diversion or a stream channel reclaimed after the removal of a temporary diversion shall be designed and constructed so as to restore or approximate the premining characteristics of the original stream channel including the natural riparian vegetation to promote the recovery and the enhancement of the aquatic habitat.
            (4) The regulatory authority may specify additional design criteria for diversions to meet the requirements of this section.
            (b) Diversion of perennial and intermittent streams. (1) Diversion of perennial and intermittent streams within the permit area may be approved by the regulatory authority after making the finding relating to stream buffer zones called for in 30 CFR 817.57 that the diversions will not adversely affect the water quantity and quality and related environmental resources of the stream.
            (2) The design capacity of channels for temporary and permanent stream channel diversions shall be at least equal to the capacity of the unmodified stream channel immediately upstream and downstream from the diversion.
            (3) The requirements of paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section shall be met when the temporary and permanent diversions for perennial and intermittent streams are designed so that the combination of channel, bank and flood-plain configuration is adequate to pass safely the peak runoff of a 10-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a temporary diversion and a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a permanent diversion.
            (4) The design and construction of all stream channel diversions of perennial and intermittent streams shall be certified by a qualified registered professional engineer as meeting the performance standards of this part and any design criteria set by the regulatory authority.
            (c) Diversion of miscellaneous flows. (1) Miscellaneous flows, which consist of all flows except for perennial and intermittent streams, may be diverted away from disturbed areas if required or approved by the regulatory authority. Miscellaneous flows shall include ground-water discharges and ephemeral streams.
            (2) The design, location, construction, maintenance, and removal of diversions of miscellaneous flows shall meet all of the performance standards set forth in paragraph (a) of this section.
            (3) The requirements of paragraph (a)(2)(ii) of this section shall be met when the temporary and permanent diversions for miscellaneous flows are designed so that the combination of channel, bank and flood-plain configuration is adequate to pass safely the peak runoff of a 2-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a temporary diversion and a 10-year, 6-hour precipitation event for a permanent diversion.
            [48 FR 43993, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 73 FR 75884, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76232, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.45
            Hydrologic balance: Sediment control measures.
            (a) Appropriate sediment control measures shall be designed, constructed, and maintained using the best technology currently available to:

            (1) Prevent, to the extent possible, additional contributions of sediment to stream flow or to runoff outside the permit area,

            (2) Meet the more stringent of applicable State or Federal effluent limitations,
            (3) Minimize erosion to the extent possible.
            (b) Sediment control measures include practices carried out within and adjacent to the disturbed area. The sedimentation storage capacity of practices in and downstream from the disturbed areas shall reflect the degree to which successful mining and reclamation techniques are applied to reduce erosion and control sediment. Sediment control measures consist of the utilization of proper mining and reclamation methods and sediment control practices, singly or in combination. Sediment control methods include but are not limited to—
            (1) Disturbing the smallest practicable area at any one time during the mining operation through progressive backfilling, grading, and prompt revegetation as required in § 817.111(b);
            (2) Stabilizing the backfilled material to promote a reduction of the rate and volume of runoff in accordance with the requirements of § 817.102;
            (3) Retaining sediment within disturbed areas;
            (4) Diverting runoff away from disturbed areas;
            (5) Diverting runoff using protected channels or pipes through disturbed areas so as not to cause additional erosion;
            (6) Using straw dikes, riprap, check dams, mulches, vegetative sediment filters, dugout ponds, and other measures that reduce overland flow velocity, reduce runoff volume, or trap sediment;
            (7) Treating with chemicals; and
            (8) Treating mine drainage in underground sumps.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.46
            Hydrologic balance: Siltation structures.
            (a) For the purposes of this section only, disturbed areas shall not include those areas—
            (1) In which the only surface mining activities include diversion ditches, siltation structures, or roads that are designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with this part; and
            (2) For which the upstream area is not otherwise distributed by the operator.
            (b) General requirements. (1) Additional contributions of suspended solids and sediment to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area shall be prevented to the extent possible using the best technology currently available.
            (2) All surface drainage from the disturbed area shall be passed through a siltation structure before leaving the permit area, except as provided in paragraph (b)(5) or (e) of this section. The requirements of this paragraph are suspended effective December 22, 1986, per court order.
            (3) Siltation structures for an area shall be constructed before beginning any underground mining activities in that area, and upon construction shall be certified by a qualified registered professional engineer, or, in any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify plans in accordance with § 784.16(a) of this chapter, a qualified registered professional land surveyor, to be constructed as designed and as approved in the reclamation plan.
            (4) Any siltation structure which impounds water shall be designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with § 817.49 of this chapter.
            (5) Siltation structures shall be maintained until removal is authorized by the regulatory authority and the disturbed area has been stabilized and revegetated. In no case shall the structure be removed sooner than 2 years after the last augmented seeding.
            (6) When the siltation structure is removed, the land on which the siltation structure was located shall be regraded and revegetated in accordance with the reclamation plan and §§ 817.111 through 817.116 of this chapter. Sedimentation ponds approved by the regulatory authority for retention as permanent impoundments may be exempted from this requirement.

            (7) Any point-source discharge of water from underground workings to surface waters which does not meet the effluent limitations of § 817.42 shall be passed through a siltation structure before leaving the permit area.

            (c) Sedimentation ponds. (1) Sedimentation ponds, when used, shall—
            (i) Be used individually or in series;
            (ii) Be located as near as possible to the distrubed area and out of perennial streams unless approved by the regulatory authority; and
            (iii) Be designed, constructed, and maintained to—
            (A) Provide adequate sediment storage volume;
            (B) Provide adequate detention time to allow the effluent from the ponds to meet State and Federal effluent limitations;
            (C) Contain or treat the 10-year, 24-hour precipitation event (“design event”) unless a lesser design event is approved by the regulatory authority based on terrain, climate, other site-specific conditions and on a demonstration by the operator that the effluent limitations of § 817.42 will be met;
            (D) Provide a nonclogging dewatering device adequate to maintain the detention time required under paragraph (c)(1)(iii)(B) of this section;
            (E) Minimize, to the extent possible, short circuiting;
            (F) Provide periodic sediment removal sufficient to maintain adequate volume for the design event;
            (G) Ensure against excessive settlement;
            (H) Be free of sod, large roots, frozen soil, and acid- or toxic-forming coal-processing waste; and
            (I) Be compacted properly.
            (2) Spillways. A sedimentation pond shall include either a combination of principal and emergency spillways or single spillway configured as specified in § 817.49(a)(9).
            (d) Other treatment facilities. (1) Other treatment facilities shall be designed to treat the 10-year, 24-hour precipitation even unless a lesser design event is approved by the regulatory authority based on terrain, climate, other site-specific conditions and a demonstration by the operator that the effluent limitations of § 817.42 will met.
            (2) Other treatment facilities shall be designed in accordance with the applicable requirements of paragraph (c) of this section.
            (e) Exemptions. Exemptions to the requirements of this section may be granted if—
            (1) The disturbed drainage area within the total disturbed area is small; and
            (2) The operator demonstrates that siltation structures and alternate sediment control measures are not necessary for drainage from the disturbed drainage areas to meet the effluent limitations under § 817.42 and the applicable State and Federal water quality standards for the receiving waters.
            [48 FR 44051, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 43607, Oct. 27, 1988; 59 FR 53030, Oct. 20, 1994; 73 FR 75884, Dec. 12, 2008; 75 FR 60275, Sept. 29, 2010; 79 FR 76232, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.47
            Hydrologic balance: Discharge structures.
            Discharge from sedimentation ponds, permanent and temporary impoundments, coal processing waste dams and embankments, and diversions shall be controlled, by energy dissipators, riprap channels, and other devices, where necessary, to reduce erosion, to prevent deepening or enlargement of stream channels, and to minimize disturbance of the hydrologic balance. Discharge structures shall be designed according to standard engineering design procedures.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.49
            Impoundments.
            (a) General requirements. The requirements of this paragraph apply to both temporary and permanent impoundments.

            (1) Impoundments meeting the Class B or C criteria for dams in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service Technical Release No. 60 (210-VI-TR60, Oct. 1985), “Earth Dams and Reservoirs,” shall comply with the, “Minimum Emergency Spillway Hydrologic Criteria,” table in TR-60 and the requirements of this section. The technical release is hereby incorporated by reference. This incorporation by reference was approved by the Director of the Federal Register in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Copies may be obtained from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161, order No. PB 87-157509-AS. Copies can be inspected at the OSM Headquarters Office, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, 1951 Constitution Avenue NW., Washington, DC or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.

            (2) An impoundment meeting the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall comply with the requirements of § 77.216 of this title and this section.
            (3) Design certification. The design of impoundments shall be certified in accordance with § 784.16(a) of this chapter as designed to meet the requirements of this part using current, prudent, engineering practices and any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. The qualified, registered, professional engineer or qualified, registered, professional, land surveyor shall be experienced in the design and construction or impoundments.
            (4) Stability. (i) An Impoundment meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall have a minimum static safety factor of 1.5 for a normal pool with steady state seepage saturation conditions, and a seismic safety factor of at least 1.2.
            (ii) Impoundments not included in paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section, except for a coal mine waste impounding structure, shall have a minimum static safety factor of 1.3 for a normal pool with steady state seepage saturation conditions or meet the requirements of § 784.16(c)(3).
            (5) Freeboard. Impoundments shall have adequate freeboard to resist overtopping by waves and by sudden increases in storage volume. Impoundments meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60 shall comply with the freeboard hydrograph criteria in the “Minimum Emergency Spillway Hydrologic Criteria” table in TR-60.
            (6) Foundation. (i) Foundations and abutments for an impounding structure shall be stable during all phases of construction and operation and shall be designed based on adequate and accurate information on the foundation conditions. For an impoundment meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, foundation investigation, as well as any necessary laboratory testing of foundation material, shall be performed to determine the design requirements for foundation stability.
            (ii) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed and foundations excavated and prepared to resist failure. Cutoff trenches shall be installed if necessary to ensure stability.
            (7) Slope protection shall be provided to protect against surface erosion at the site and protect against sudden drawdown.
            (8) Faces of embankments and surrounding areas shall be vegetated, except that faces where water is impounded may be riprapped or otherwise stabilized in accordance with accepted design practices.
            (9) Spillways. An impoundment shall include either a combination of principal and emergency spillways or a single spillway configured as specified in paragraph (a)(9)(i) of this section, designed and constructed to safely pass the applicable design precipitation event specified in paragraph (a)(9)(ii) of this section, except as set forth in paragraph (c)(2) of this section.
            (i) The regulatory authority may approve a single open-channel spillway that is:
            (A) Of nonerodible construction and designed to carry sustained flows; or
            (B) Earth- or grass-lined and designed to carry short-term, infrequent flows at non-erosive velocities where sustained flows are not expected.
            (ii) Except as specified in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, the required design precipitation event for an impoundment meeting the spillway requirements of paragraph (a)(9) of this section is:

            (A) For an impoundment meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, the emergency spillway hydrograph criteria in the “Minimum Emergency Spillway Hydrologic Criteria” table in TR-60, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.

            (B) For an impoundment meeting or exceeding the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title, a 100-year 6-hour event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (C) For an impoundment not included in paragraph (a)(9)(ii) (A) and (B) of this section, a 25-year 6-hour event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (10) The vertical portion of any remaining highwall shall be located far enough below the low-water line along the full extent of highwall to provide adequate safety and access for the proposed water users.
            (11) Inspections. Except as provided in paragraph (a)(11)(iv) of this section, a qualified registered professional engineer or other qualified professional specialist under the direction of a professional engineer, shall inspect each impoundment as provided in paragraph (a)(11)(i) of this section. The professional engineer or specialist shall be experienced in the construction of impoundments.
            (i) Inspections shall be made regularly during construction, upon completion of construction, and at least yearly until removal of the structure or release of the performance bond.
            (ii) The qualified registered professional engineer, or qualified registered professional land surveyor as specified in paragraph (a)(11)(iv) of this section, shall promptly after each inspection required in paragraph (a)(11)(i) of this section provide to the regulatory authority a certified report that the impoundment has been constructed and/or maintained as designed and in accordance with the approved plan and this chapter. The report shall include discussion of any appearance of instability, structural weakness or other hazardous condition, depth and elevation of any impounded waters, existing storage capacity, any existing or required monitoring procedures and instrumentation, and any other aspects of the structure affecting stability.
            (iii) A copy of the report shall be retained at or near the minesite.
            (iv) In any State which authorizes land surveyors to prepare and certify plans in accordance with § 784.16(a) of this chapter, a qualified registered professional land surveyor may inspect any temporary or permanent impoundment that does not meet the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title and certify and submit the report required by paragraph (a)(11)(ii) of this section, except that all coal mine waste impounding structures covered by § 817.84 of this chapter shall be certified by a qualified registered professional engineer. The professional land surveyor shall be experienced in the construction of impoundments.
            (12) Impoundments meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216 of this title must be examined in accordance with § 77.216-3 of this title. Impoundments not meeting the SCS Class B or C Criteria for dams in TR-60, or subject to § 77.216 of this title, shall be examined at least quarterly. A qualified person designated by the operator shall examine impoundments for the appearance of structural weakness and other hazardous conditions.
            (13) Emergency procedures. If any examination or inspection discloses that a potential hazard exists, the person who examined the impoundment shall promptly inform the regulatory authority of the finding and of the emergency procedures formulated for public protection and remedial action. If adequate procedures cannot be formulated or implemented, the regulatory authority shall be notified immediately. The regulatory authority shall then notify the appropriate agencies that other emergency procedures are required to protect the public.
            (b) Permanent impoundments. A permanent impoundment of water may be created, if authorized by the regulatory authority in the approved permit based upon the following demonstration:
            (1) The size and configuration of such impoundment will be adequate for its intended purposes.

            (2) The quality of impounded water will be suitable on a permanent basis for its intended use and, after reclamation, will meet applicable State and Federal water quality standards, and discharges from the impoundment will meet applicable effluent limitations and will not degrade the quality of receiving water below applicable State and Federal water quality standards.

            (3) The water level will be sufficiently stable and be capable of supporting the intended use.
            (4) Final grading will provide for adequate safety and access for proposed water users.
            (5) The impoundment will not result in the diminution of the quality and quantity of water utilized by adjacent or surrounding landowners for agricultural, industrial, recreational, or domestic uses.
            (6) The impoundment will be suitable for the approved postmining land use.
            (c) Temporary impoundments. (1) The regulatory authority may authorize the construction of temporary impoundments as part of underground mining activities.
            (2) In lieu of meeting the requirements in paragraph (a)(9)(i) of this section, the regulatory authority may approve an impoundment that relies primarily on storage to control the runoff from the design precipitation event when it is demonstrated by the operator and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer or qualified registered professional land surveyor in accordance with § 784.16(a) of this chapter that the impoundment will safely control the design precipitation event, the water from which shall be safely removed in accordance with current, prudent, engineering practices. Such an impoundment shall be located where failure would not be expected to cause loss of life or serious property damage, except where:
            (i) Impoundments meeting the SCS Class B or C criteria for dams in TR-60, or the size or other criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall be designed to control the precipitation of the probable maximum precipitation of a 6-hour event, or greater event specified by the regulatory authority.
            (ii) Impoundments not included in paragraph (c)(2)(i) of this section shall be designed to control the precipitation of the 100-year 6-hour event, or greater event specified by the regulatory authority.
            [48 FR 44005, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 50 FR 16200, Apr. 24, 1985; 53 FR 43607, Oct. 27, 1988; 59 FR 53030, 53031, Oct. 20, 1994; 66 FR 14318, Mar. 12, 2001; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.56
            Postmining rehabilitation of sedimentation ponds, diversions, impoundments, and treatment facilities.
            Before abandoning a permit area or seeking bond release, the operator shall ensure that all temporary structures are removed and reclaimed, and that all permanent sedimentation ponds, diversions, impoundments, and treatment facilities meet the requirements of this chapter for permanent structures, have been maintained properly, and meet the requirements of the approved reclamation plan for permanent structures and impoundments. The operator shall renovate such structures if necessary to meet the requirements of this chapter and to conform to the approved reclamation plan.
            [48 FR 44006, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.57
            Hydrologic balance: Stream buffer zones.
            (a) No land within 100 feet of a perennial stream or an intermittent stream shall be disturbed by underground mining activities, unless the regulatory authority specifically authorizes underground mining activities closer to, or through, such a stream. The regulatory authority may authorize such activities only upon finding that—
            (1) Underground mining activities will not cause or contribute to the violation of applicable State or Federal water quality standards and will not adversely affect the water quantity and quality or other environmental resources of the stream; and
            (2) If there will be a temporary or permanent stream-channel diversion, it will comply with § 817.43.
            (b) The area not to be disturbed shall be designated as a buffer zone, and the operator shall mark it as specified in § 817.11.
            [79 FR 76232, Dec. 22, 2014, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.59
            Coal recovery.

            Underground mining activities shall be conducted so as to maximize the utilization and conservation of the coal, while utilizing the best technology currently available to maintain environmental integrity, so that reaffecting the land in the future through surface coal mining operations is minimized.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.61
            Use of explosives: General requirements.
            (a) Sections 817.61-817.68 apply to surface blasting activities incident to underground coal mining, including, but not limited to, initial rounds of slopes and shafts.
            (b) Each operator shall comply with all applicable State and Federal laws and regulations in the use of explosives.
            (c) Blasters. (1) No later than 12 months after the blaster certification program for a State required by part 850 of this chapter has been approved under the procedures of subchapter C of this chapter, all surface blasting operations incident to underground mining in that State shall be conducted under the direction of a certified blaster. Before that time, all such blasting operations in that State shall be conducted by competent, experienced persons who understand the hazards involved.
            (2) Certificates of blaster certification shall be carried by blasters or shall be on file at the permit area during blasting operations.
            (3) A blaster and at least one other person shall be present at the firing of a blast.
            (4) Any blaster who is responsible for conducting blasting operations at a blasting site shall:
            (i) Be familiar with the site-specific performance standards; and
            (ii) Give direction and on-the-job training to persons who are not certified and who are assigned to the blasting crew or assist in the use of explosives.
            (d) Blast design. (1) An anticipated blast design shall be submitted if blasting operations will be conducted within—
            (i) 1,000 feet of any building used as a dwelling, public building, school, church or community or institutional building; or
            (ii) 500 feet of active or abandoned underground mines.
            (2) The blast design may be presented as part of a permit application or at a time, before the blast, approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) The blast design shall contain sketches of the drill patterns, delay periods, and decking and shall indicate the type and amount of explosives to be used, critical dimensions, and the location and general description of structures to be protected, as well as a discussion of design factors to be used, which protect the public and meet the applicable airblast, flyrock, and ground-vibration standards in § 817.67.
            (4) The blast design shall be prepared and signed by a certified blaster.
            (5) The regulatory authority may require changes to the design submitted.
            [48 FR 9492, Mar. 4, 1983, and 48 FR 9809, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 51 FR 19461, May 29, 1986; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.62
            Use of explosives: Preblasting survey.
            (a) At least 30 days before initiation of blasting, the operator shall notify, in writing, all residents or owners of dwellings or other structures located within 1/2 mile of the permit area how to request a preblasting survey.
            (b) A resident or owner of a dwelling or structure within 1/2 mile of any part of the permit area may request a preblasting survey. This request shall be made, in writing, directly to the operator or to the regulatory authority, who shall promptly notify the operator. The operator shall promptly conduct a preblasting survey of the dwelling or structure and promptly prepare a written report of the survey. An updated survey of any additions, modifications, or renovations shall be performed by the operator if requested by the resident or owner.

            (c) The operator shall determine the condition of the dwelling or structure and shall document any preblasting damage and other physical factors that could reasonably be affected by the blasting. Structures such as pipelines, cables, transmission lines, and cisterns, wells, and other water systems warrant special attention; however, the assessment of these structures may be limited to surface conditions and other readily available data.
            (d) The written report of the survey shall be signed by the person who conducted the survey. Copies of the report shall be promptly provided to the regulatory authority and to the person requesting the survey. If the person requesting the survey disagrees with the contents and/or recommendations contained therein, he or she may submit to both the operator and the regulatory authority a detailed description of the specific areas of disagreement.
            (e) Any surveys requested more than 10 days before the planned initiation of blasting shall be completed by the operator before the initiation of blasting.
            [48 FR 9809, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.64
            Use of explosives: General performance standards.
            (a) The operator shall notify, in writing, residents within 1/2 mile of the blasting site and local governments of the proposed times and locations of blasting operations. Such notice of times that blasting is to be conducted may be announced weekly, but in no case less than 24 hours before blasting will occur.
            (b) Unscheduled blasts may be conducted only where public or operator health and safety so requires and for emergency blasting actions. When an operator conducts an unscheduled surface blast incidental to underground coal mining operations, the operator, using audible signals, shall notify residents within 1/2 mile of the blasting site and document the reason in accordance with § 817.68(p).
            (c) All blasting shall be conducted between sunrise and sunset unless nighttime blasting is approved by the regulatory authority based upon a showing by the operator that the public will be protected from adverse noise and other impacts. The regulatory authority may specify more restrictive time periods for blasting.
            [48 FR 9809, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.66
            Use of explosives: Blasting signs, warnings, and access control.
            (a) Blasting signs. Blasting signs shall meet the specifications of § 817.11. The operator shall—
            (1) Conspicuously place signs reading “Blasting Area” along the edge of any blasting area that comes within 100 feet of any public-road right-of-way, and at the point where any other road provides access to the blasting area; and
            (2) At all entrances to the permit area from public roads or highways, place conspicuous signs which state “Warning! Explosives in Use,” which clearly list and describe the meaning of the audible blast warning and all-clear signals that are in use, and which explain the marking of blasting areas and charged holes awaiting firing within the permit area.
            (b) Warnings. Warning and all-clear signals of different character or pattern that are audible within a range of 1/2 mile from the point of the blast shall be given. Each person within the permit area and each person who resides or regularly works within 1/2 mile of the permit area shall be notified of the meaning of the signals in the blasting notification required in § 817.64(a).
            (c) Access control. Access within the blasting areas shall be controlled to prevent presence of livestock or unauthorized persons during blasting and until an authorized representative of the operator has reasonably determined that—
            (1) No unusual hazards, such as imminent slides or undetonated charges, exist; and
            (2) Access to and travel within the blasting area can be safely resumed.
            [48 FR 9810, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.67
            Use of explosives: Control of adverse effects.
            (a) General requirements. Blasting shall be conducted to prevent injury to persons, damage to public or private property outside the permit area, adverse impacts on any underground mine, and change in the course, channel, or availability of surface or ground water outside the permit area.
            (b) Airblast—(1) Limits. (i) Airblast shall not exceed the maximum limits listed below at the location of any dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area, except as provided in paragraph (e) of this section.

                Lower frequency limit of measuring system, in Hz (±3 dB)
                Maximum level, in dB

                0.1 Hz or lower—flat response 1

                134 peak.

                2 Hz or lower—flat response
                133 peak.

                6 Hz or lower—flat response
                129 peak.

                C-weighted—slow response 1

                105 peak dBC.

                1 Only when approved by the regulatory authority.

            (ii) If necessary to prevent damage, the regulatory authority may specify lower maximum allowable airblast levels than those of paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section for use in the vicinity of a specific blasting operation.
            (2) Monitoring. (i) The operator shall conduct periodic monitoring to ensure compliance with the airblast standards. The regulatory authority may require airblast measurement of any or all blasts and may specify the locations at which such measurements are taken.
            (ii) The measuring systems used shall have an upper-end flat-frequency response of at least 200 Hz.
            (c) Flyrock. Flyrock travelling in the air or along the ground shall not be cast from the blasting site—
            (1) More than one-half the distance to the nearest dwelling or other occupied structure;
            (2) Beyond the area of control required under § 817.66(c); or
            (3) Beyond the permit boundary.
            (d) Ground vibration—(1) General. In all blasting operations, except as otherwise authorized in paragraph (e) of this section, the maximum ground vibration shall not exceed the values approved by the regulatory authority. The maximum ground vibration for protected structures listed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section shall be established in accordance with either the maximum peak-particle-velocity limits of paragraph (d)(2), the scaled-distance equation of paragraph (d)(3), the blasting-level chart of paragraph (d)(4) of this section, or by the regulatory authority under paragraph (d)(5) of this section. All structures in the vicinity of the blasting area, not listed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, such as water towers, pipelines and other utilities, tunnels, dams, impoundments, and underground mines shall be protected from damage by establishment of a maximum allowable limit on the ground vibration, submitted by the operator and approved by the regulatory authority before the initiation of blasting.
            (2) Maximum peak-particle velocity. (i) The maximum ground vibration shall not exceed the following limits at the location of any dwelling, public building, school, church, or community or institutional building outside the permit area:

                Distance (D), from the blasting site, in feet
                Maximum allowablepeak particle velocity
                  (V max) for ground
                  vibration,
                  in inches/second 1

                Scaled-distance factor to be applied without seismic monitoring 2 (Ds)

                0 to 300
                1.25
                50

                301 to 5,000
                1.00
                55

                5,001 and beyond
                0.75
                65

                1 Ground vibration shall be measured as the particle velocity. Particle velocity shall be recorded in three mutually perpendicular directions. The maximum allowable peak particle velocity shall apply to each of the three measurements.

                2 Applicable to the scaled-distance equation of Paragraph (d)(3)(i) of this section.

            (ii) A seismographic record shall be provided for each blast.
            (3) Scaled-distance equation. (i) An operator may use the scaled-distance equation, W = (D/Ds)2, to determine the allowable charge weight of explosives to be detonated in any 8-millisecond period, without seismic monitoring; where W = the maximum weight of explosives, in pounds; D = the distance, in feet, from the blasting site to the nearest protected structure; and Ds = the scaled-distance factor, which may initially be approved by the regulatory authority using the values for scaled-distance factor listed in paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section.
            (ii) The development of a modified scaled-distance factor may be authorized by the regulatory authority on receipt of a written request by the operator, supported by seismographic records of blasting at the minesite. The modified scaled-distance factor shall be determined such that the particle velocity of the predicted ground vibration will not exceed the prescribed maximum allowable peak particle velocity of paragraph (d)(2)(i) of this section, at a 95-percent confidence level.
            (4) Blasting-level chart. (i) An operator may use the ground-vibration limits in Figure 1 to determine the maximum allowable ground vibration.

              ER17NO17.019

            (ii) If the Figure 1 limits are used, a seismographic record including both particle velocity and vibration-frequency levels shall be provided for each blast. The method for the analysis of the predominant frequency contained in the blasting records shall be approved by the regulatory authority before application of this alternative blasting criterion.
            (5) The maximum allowable ground vibration shall be reduced by the regulatory authority beyond the limits otherwise provided by this section, if determined necessary to provide damage protection.

            (6) The regulatory authority may require an operator to conduct seismic monitoring of any or all blasts and may specify the location at which the measurements are taken and the degree of detail necessary in the measurement.

            (e) The maximum airblast and ground-vibration standards of paragraphs (b) and (d) of this section shall not apply at the following locations:
            (1) At structures owned by the permittee and not leased to another person,
            (2) At structures owned by the permittee and leased to another person, if a written waiver by the lessee is submitted to the regulatory authority before blasting.
            [48 FR 9810, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.68
            Use of explosives: Records of blasting operations.
            The operator shall retain a record of all blasts for at least 3 years. Upon request, copies of these records shall be made available to the regulatory authority and to the public for inspection. Such records shall contain the following data:
            (a) Name of the operator conducting the blast.
            (b) Location, date, and time of the blast.
            (c) Name, signature, and certification number of the blaster conducting the blast.
            (d) Identification, direction, and distance, in feet, from the nearest blast hole to the nearest dwelling, public building, school, church, community or institutional building outside the permit area, except those described in § 817.67 (e).
            (e) Weather conditions, including those which may cause possible adverse blasting effects.
            (f) Type of material blasted.
            (g) Sketches of the blast pattern including number of holes, burden, spacing, decks, and delay pattern.
            (h) Diameter and depth of holes.
            (i) Types of explosives used.
            (j) Total weight of explosives used per hole.
            (k) The maximum weight of explosives detonated in an 8-millisecond period.
            (l) Initiation system.
            (m) Type and length of stemming.
            (n) Mats or other protections used.
            (o) Seismographic and airblast records, if required, which shall include—
            (1) Type of instrument, sensitivity, and calibration signal or certification of annual calibration;
            (2) Exact location of instrument and the date, time, and distance from the blast;
            (3) Name of the person and firm taking the reading;
            (4) Name of the person and firm analyzing the seismographic record; and
            (5) The vibration and/or airblast level recorded.
            (p) Reasons and conditions for each unscheduled blast.
            [48 FR 9811, Mar. 8, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.71
            Disposal of excess spoil: General requirements.
            (a) General. Excess spoil shall be placed in designated disposal areas within the permit area, in a controlled manner to—
            (1) Minimize the adverse effects of leachate and surface water runoff from the fill on surface and ground waters;
            (2) Ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement during and after construction; and
            (3) Ensure that the final fill is suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings and the approved postmining land use.
            (b) Design certification. (1) The fill and appurtenant structures shall be designed using current, prudent engineering practices and shall meet any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. A qualified registered professional engineer experienced in the design of earth and rock fills shall certify the design of the fill and appurtenant structures.
            (2) The fill shall be designed to attain a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.5. The foundation and abutments of the fill must be stable under all conditions of construction.
            (c) Location. The disposal area shall be located on the most moderately sloping and naturally stable areas available, as approved by the regulatory authority, and shall be placed, where possible, upon or above a natural terrace, bench, or berm, if such placement provides additional stability and prevents mass movement.

            (d) Foundation. (1) Sufficient foundation investigations, as well as any necessary laboratory testing of foundation material, shall be performed in order to determine the design requirements for foundation stability. The analyses of foundation conditions shall take into consideration the effect of underground mine workings, if any, upon the stability of the fill and appurtenant structures.
            (2) When the slope in the disposal area is in excess of 2.8h:lv (36 percent), or such lesser slope as may be designated by the regulatory authority based on local conditions, keyway cuts (excavations to stable bedrock) or rock toe buttresses shall be constructed to ensure stability of the fill. Where the toe of the spoil rests on a downslope, stability analyses shall be performed in accordance with § 784.19 of this chapter to determine the size of rock toe buttresses and keyway cuts.
            (e) Placement of excess spoil. (1) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed from the disposal area prior to placement of excess spoil. Topsoil shall be removed, segregated and stored or redistributed in accordance with § 817.22. If approved by the regulatory authority, organic material may be used as mulch or may be included in the topsoil to control erosion, promote growth of vegetation or increase the moisture retention of the soil.
            (2) Excess spoil shall be transported and placed in a controlled manner in horizontal lifts not exceeding 4 feet in thickness; concurrently compacted as necessary to ensure mass stability and to prevent mass movement during and after construction; graded so that surface and subsurface drainage is compatible with the natural surroundings; and covered with topsoil or substitute material in accordance with § 817.22 of this chapter. The regulatory authority may approve a design which incorporates placement of excess spoil in horizontal lifts other than 4 feet in thickness when it is demonstrated by the operator and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer that the design will ensure the stability of the fill and will meet all other applicable requirements.
            (3) The final configuration of the fill shall be suitable for the approved postmining land use. Terraces may be constructed on the outslope of the fill if required for stability, control of erosion, to conserve soil moisture, or to facilitate the approved postmining land use. The grade of the outslope between terrace benches shall not be steeper than 2h:lv (50 percent).
            (4) No permanent impoundments are allowed on the completed fill. Small depressions may be allowed by the regulatory authority if they are needed to retain moisture, minimize erosion, create and enhance wildlife habitat, or assist revegetation; and if they are not incompatible with the stability of the fill.
            (5) Excess spoil that is acid- or toxic-forming or combustible shall be adequately covered with nonacid, nontoxic and noncombustible material, or treated, to control the impact on surface and ground water in accordance with § 817.41, to prevent sustained combustion, and to minimize adverse effects on plant growth and the approved postmining land use.
            (f) Drainage control. (1) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade water courses, or wet weather seeps, the fill design shall include diversions and underdrains as necessary to control erosion, prevent water infiltration into the fill, and ensure stability.
            (2) Diversions shall comply with the requirements of § 817.43.

            (3) Underdrains shall consist of durable rock or pipe, be designed and constructed using current, prudent engineering practices and meet any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. The underdrain system shall be designed to carry the anticipated seepage of water due to rainfall away from the excess spoil fill and from seeps and springs in the foundation of the disposal area and shall be protected from piping and contamination by an adequate filter. Rock underdrains shall be constructed of durable, nonacid-, nontoxic-forming rock (e.g., natural sand and gravel, sandstone, limestone, or other durable rock) that does not slake in water or degrade to soil materials, and which is free of coal, clay or other nondurable material. Perforated pipe underdrains shall be corrosion resistant and shall have characteristics consistent with the long-term life of the fill.
            (g) Surface area stabilization. Slope protection shall be provided to minimize surface erosion at the site. All disturbed areas, including diversion channels that are not riprapped or otherwise protected, shall be revegetated upon completion of construction.
            (h) Inspections. A qualified registered professional engineer or other qualified professional specialist under the direction of the professional engineer, shall periodically inspect the fill during construction. The professional engineer or specialist shall be experienced in the construction of earth and rock fills.
            (1) Such inspections shall be made at least quarterly throughout construction and during critical construction periods. Critical construction periods shall include at a minimum: (i) Foundation preparation, including the removal of all organic material and topsoil; (ii) placement of underdrains and protective filter systems; (iii) installation of final surface drainage systems; and (iv) the final graded and revegetated fill. Regular inspections by the engineer or specialist shall also be conducted during placement and compaction of fill materials.
            (2) The qualified registered professional engineer shall provide a certified report to the regulatory authority promptly after each inspection that the fill has been constructed and maintained as designed and in accordance with the approved plan and this chapter. The report shall include appearances of instability, structural weakness, and other hazardous conditions.
            (3)(i) The certified report on the drainage system and protective filters shall include color photographs taken during and after construction, but before underdrains are covered with excess spoil. If the underdrain system is constructed in phases, each phase shall be certified separately.
            (ii) Where excess durable rock spoil is placed in single or multiple lifts such that the underdrain system is constructed simultaneously with excess spoil placement by the natural segregation of dumped materials, in accordance with § 817.73, color photographs shall be taken of the underdrain as the underdrain system is being formed.
            (iii) The photographs accompanying each certified report shall be taken in adequate size and number with enough terrain or other physical features of the site shown to provide a relative scale to the photographs and to specifically and clearly identify the site.
            (4) A copy of each inspection report shall be retained at or near the mine site.
            (i) Coal mine waste. Coal mine waste may be disposed of in excess spoil fills if approved by the regulatory authority and, if such waste is—
            (1) Placed in accordance with § 817.83;
            (2) Nontoxic and nonacid forming; and
            (3) Of the proper characteristics to be consistent with the design stability of the fill.
            (j) Underground disposal. Excess spoil may be disposed of in underground mine workings, but only in accordance with a plan approved by the regulatory authority and MSHA under § 784.25 of this chapter.
            (k) Face-up operations. Spoil resulting from face-up operations for underground coal mine development may be placed at drift entries as part of a cut and fill structure, if the structure is less than 400 feet in horizontal length, and designed in accordance with § 817.71.
            [48 FR 32927, July 19, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 73 FR 75885, Dec. 12, 2008; 79 FR 76232, Dec. 22, 2014; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.72
            Disposal of excess spoil: Valley fill/head-of-hollow fills.
            Valley fills and head-of-hollow fills shall meet the requirements of § 817.71 and the additional requirements of this section.
            (a) Drainage control. (1) The top surface of the completed fill shall be graded such that the final slope after settlement will be toward properly designed drainage channels. Uncontrolled surface drainage may not be directed over the outslope of the fill.

            (2) Runoff from areas above the fill and runoff from the surface of the fill shall be diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 817.43 and to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event.

            (b) Rock-core chimney drains. A rock-core chimney drain may be used in a head-of-hollow fill, instead of the underdrain and surface diversion system normally required, as long as the fill is not located in an area containing intermittent or perennial streams. A rock-core chimney drain may be used in a valley fill if the fill does not exceed 250,000 cubic yards of material and upstream drainage is diverted around the fill. The alternative rock-core chimney drain system shall be incorporated into the design and construction of the fill as follows:
            (1) The fill shall have, along the vertical projection of the main buried stream channel or rill, a vertical core of durable rock at least 16 feet thick which shall extend from the toe of the fill to the head of the fill, and from the base of the fill to the surface of the fill. A system of lateral rock underdrains shall connect this rock core to each area of potential drainage or seepage in the disposal area. The underdrain system and rock core shall be designed to carry the anticipated seepage of water due to rainfall away from the excess spoil fill and from seeps and springs in the foundation of the disposal area. Rocks used in the rock core and underdrains shall meet the requirements of § 817.71(f).
            (2) A filter system to ensure the proper long-term functioning of the rock core shall be designed and constructed using current, prudent engineering practices.
            (3) Grading may drain surface water away from the outslope of the fill and toward the rock core. In no case, however, may intermittent or perennial streams be diverted into the rock core. The maximum slope of the top of the fill shall be 33h:lv (3 percent). A drainage pocket may be maintained at the head of the fill during and after construction, to intercept surface runoff and discharge the runoff through or over the rock drain, if stability of the fill is not impaired. In no case shall this pocket or sump have a potential capacity for impounding more than 10,000 cubic feet of water. Terraces on the fill shall be graded with a 3 to 5 percent grade toward the fill and a 1 percent slope toward the rock core.
            [48 FR 32928, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.73
            Disposal of excess spoil: Durable rock fills.
            The regulatory authority may approve the alternative method of disposal of excess durable rock spoil by gravity placement in single or multiple lifts, provided the following conditions are met:
            (a) Except as provided in this section, the requirements of § 817.71 are met.

            (b) The excess spoil consists of at least 80 percent, by volume, durable, nonacid- and nontoxic-forming rock (e.g., sandstone or limestone) that does not slake in water and will not degrade to soil material. Where used, noncemented clay shale, clay spoil, soil or other nondurable excess spoil material shall be mixed with excess durable rock spoil in a controlled manner such that no more than 20 percent of the fill volume, as determined by tests performed by a registered engineer and approved by the regulatory authority, is not durable rock.
            (c) A qualified registered professional engineer certifies that the design will ensure the stability of the fill and meet all other applicable requirements.
            (d) The fill is designed to attain a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.5, and an earthquake safety factor of 1.1.
            (e) The underdrain system may be constructed simultaneously with excess spoil placement by the natural segregation of dumped materials, provided the resulting underdrain system is capable of carrying anticipated seepage of water due to rainfall away from the excess spoil fill and from seeps and springs in the foundation of the disposal area and the other requirements for drainage control are met.

            (f) Surface water runoff from areas adjacent to and above the fill is not allowed to flow onto the fill and is diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 817.43 and to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event.
            [48 FR 32929, July 19, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.74
            Disposal of excess spoil: Preexisting benches.
            (a) The regulatory authority may approve the disposal of excess spoil through placement on a preexisting bench if the affected portion of the preexisting bench is permitted and the standards set forth in § 817.102 (c), (e) through (h), and (j), and the requirements of this section are met.
            (b) All vegetation and organic materials shall be removed from the affected portion of the preexisting bench prior to placement of the excess spoil. Any available topsoil on the bench shall be removed, stored and redistributed in accordance with § 817.22 of this part. Substitute or supplemental materials may be used in accordance with § 817.22(b) of this part.
            (c) The fill shall be designed and constructed using current, prudent engineering practices. The design will be certified by a registered professional engineer. The spoil shall be placed on the solid portion of the bench in a controlled manner and concurrently compacted as necessary to attain a long term static safety factor of 1.3 for all portions of the fill. Any spoil deposited on any fill portion of the bench will be treated as excess spoil fill under § 817.71.
            (d) The preexisting bench shall be backfilled and graded to—
            (1) Achieve the most moderate slope possible which does not exceed the angle of repose;
            (2) Eliminate the highwall to the maximum extent technically practical;
            (3) Minimize erosion and water pollution both on and off the site; and
            (4) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade water courses, or wet weather seeps, the fill design shall include diversions and underdrains as necessary to control erosion, prevent water infiltration into the fill, and ensure stability.
            (e) All disturbed areas, including diversion channels that are not riprapped or otherwise protected, shall be revegetated upon completion of construction.
            (f) Permanent impoundments may not be constructed on preexisting benches backfilled with excess spoil under this regulation.
            (g) Final configuration of the backfill must be compatible with the natural drainage patterns and the surrounding area, and support the approved postmining land use.
            (h) Disposal of excess spoil from an upper actively mined bench to a lower preexisting bench by means of gravity transport may be approved by the regulatory authority provided that—
            (1) The gravity transport courses are determined on a site-specific basis by the operator as part of the permit application and approved by the regulatory authority to minimize hazards to health and safety and to ensure that damage will be minimized between the benches, outside the set course, and downslope of the lower bench should excess spoil accidentally move;
            (2) All gravity transported excess spoil, including that excess spoil immediately below the gravity transport courses and any preexisting spoil that is disturbed, is rehandled and placed in horizontal lifts in a controlled manner, concurrently compacted as necessary to ensure mass stability and to prevent mass movement, and graded to allow surface and subsurface drainage to be compatible with the natural surroundings and to ensure a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.3. Excess spoil on the bench prior to the current mining operation that is not disturbed need not be rehandled except where necessary to ensure stability of the fill;
            (3) A safety berm is constructed on the solid portion of the lower bench prior to gravity transport of the excess spoil. Where there is insufficient material on the lower bench to construct a safety berm, only that amount of excess spoil necessary for the construction of the berm may be gravity transported to the lower bench prior to construction of the berm;

            (4) Excess spoil shall not be allowed on the downslope below the upper bench except on designated gravity transport courses properly prepared according to § 817.22. Upon completion of the fill, no excess spoil shall be allowed to remain on the designated gravity transport course between the two benches and each transport course shall be reclaimed in accordance with the requirements of this part.
            [48 FR 32929, July 19, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 56 FR 65636, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.81
            Coal mine waste: General requirements.
            (a) General. All coal mine waste disposed of in an area other than the mine workings or excavations shall be placed in new or existing disposal areas within a permit area, which are approved by the regulatory authority for this purpose. Coal mine waste shall be hauled or conveyed and placed for final placement in a controlled manner to—
            (1) Minimize adverse effects of leachate and surface-water runoff on surface and ground water quality and quantity;
            (2) Ensure mass stability and prevent mass movement during and after construction;
            (3) Ensure that the final disposal facility is suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings and the approved postmining land use;
            (4) Not create a public hazard; and
            (5) Prevent combustion.
            (b) Coal mine waste materials from activities located outside a permit area may be disposed of in the permit area only if approved by the regulatory authority. Approval shall be based upon a showing that such disposal will be in accordance with the standards of this section.
            (c) Design certification. (1) The disposal facility shall be designed using current, prudent engineering practices and shall meet any design criteria established by the regulatory authority. A qualified registered professional engineer, experienced in the design of similar earth and waste structures, shall certify the design of the disposal facility.
            (2) The disposal facility shall be designed to attain a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.5. The foundation and abutments must be stable under all conditions of construction.
            (d) Foundation. Sufficient foundation investigations, as well as any necessary laboratory testing of foundation material, shall be performed in order to determine the design requirements for foundation stability. The analyses of the foundation conditions shall take into consideration the effect of underground mine workings, if any, upon the stability of the disposal facility.
            (e) Emergency procedures. If any examination or inspection discloses that a potential hazard exists, the regulatory authority shall be informed promptly of the finding and of the emergency procedures formulated for public protection and remedial action. If adequate procedures cannot be formulated or implemented, the regulatory authority shall be notified immediately. The regulatory authority shall then notify the appropriate agencies that other emergency procedures are required to protect the public.
            (f) Underground disposal. Coal mine waste may be disposed of in underground mine workings, but only in accordance with a plan approved by the regulatory authority and MSHA under § 784.25 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 44030, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65636, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.83
            Coal mine waste: Refuse piles.
            Refuse piles shall meet the requirements of § 817.81, the additional requirements of this section, and the requirements of §§ 77.214 and 77.215 of this title.
            (a) Drainage control. (1) If the disposal area contains springs, natural or manmade water courses, or wet weather seeps, the design shall include diversions and underdrains as necessary to control erosion, prevent water infiltration into the disposal facility and ensure stability.
            (2) Uncontrolled surface drainage may not be diverted over the outslope of the refuse pile. Runoff from areas above the refuse pile and runoff from the surface of the refuse pile shall be diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 817.43 to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour precipitation event. Runoff diverted from undisturbed areas need not be commingled with runoff from the surface of the refuse pile.

            (3) Underdrains shall comply with the requirements of § 817.71(f)(3).

            (b) Surface area stabilization. Slope protection shall be provided to minimize surface erosion at the site. All disturbed areas, including diversion channels that are not riprapped or otherwise protected, shall be revegetated upon completion of construction.
            (c) Placement. (1) All vegetative and organic materials shall be removed from the disposal area prior to placement of coal mine waste. Topsoil shall be removed, segregated and stored or redistributed in accordance with § 817.22. If approved by the regulatory authority, organic material may be used as mulch or may be included in the topsoil to control erosion, promote growth of vegetation or increase the moisture retention of the soil.
            (2) The final configuration of the refuse pile shall be suitable for the approved postmining land use. Terraces may be constructed on the outslope of the refuse pile if required for stability, control of erosion, conservation of soil moisture, or facilitation of the approved postmining land use. The grade of the outslope between terrace benches shall not be steeper than 2h:1v (50 percent).
            (3) No permanent impoundments shall be allowed on the completed refuse pile. Small depressions may be allowed by the regulatory authority if they are needed to retain moisture, minimize erosion, create and enhance wildlife habitat, or assist revegetation, and if they are not incompatible with stability of the refuse pile.
            (4) Following final grading of the refuse pile, the coal mine waste shall be covered with a minimum of 4 feet of the best available, nontoxic and noncombustible material, in a manner that does not impede drainage from the underdrains. The regulatory authority may allow less than 4 feet of cover material based on physical and chemical analyses which show that the requirements of §§ 817.111 through 817.116 will be met.
            (d) Inspections. A qualified registered professional engineer, or other qualified professional specialist under the direction of the professional engineer, shall inspect the refuse pile during construction. The professional engineer or specialist shall be experienced in the construction of similar earth and waste structures.
            (1) Such inspection shall be made at least quarterly throughout construction and during critical construction periods. Critical construction periods shall include at a minimum: (i) Foundation preparation including the removal of all organic material and topsoil; (ii) placement of underdrains and protective filter systems; (iii) installation of final surface drainage systems; and (iv) the final graded and revegetated facility. Regular inspections by the engineer or specialist shall also be conducted during placement and compaction of coal mine waste materials. More frequent inspections shall be conducted if a danger of harm exists to the public health and safety or the environment. Inspections shall continue until the refuse pile has been finally graded and revegetated or until a later time as required by the regulatory authority.
            (2) The qualified registered professional engineer shall provide a certified report to the regulatory authority promptly after each inspection that the refuse pile has been constructed and maintained as designed and in accordance with the approved plan and this chapter. The report shall include appearances of instability, structural weakness, and other hazardous conditions.
            (3) The certified report on the drainage system and protective filters shall include color photographs taken during and after construction, but before underdrains are covered with coal mine waste. If the underdrain system is constructed in phases, each phase shall be certified separately. The photographs accompanying each certified report shall be taken in adequate size and number with enough terrain or other physical features of the site shown to provide a relative scale to the photographs and to specifically and clearly identify the site.
            (4) A copy of each inspection report shall be retained at or near the minesite.
            [48 FR 44030, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65636, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.84
            Coal mine waste: Impounding structures.
            New and existing impounding structures constructed of coal mine waste or intended to impound coal mine waste shall meet the requirements of § 817.81.
            (a) Coal mine waste shall not be used for construction of impounding structures unless it has been demonstrated to the regulatory authority that the stability of such a structure conforms to the requirements of this part and the use of coal mine waste will not have a detrimental effect on downstream water quality or the environment due to acid seepage through the impounding structure. The stability of the structure and the potential impact of acid mine seepage through the impounding structure and shall be discussed in detail in the design plan submitted to the regulatory authority in accordance with § 780.25 of this chapter.
            (b)(1) Each impounding structure constructed of coal mine waste or intended to impound coal mine waste shall be designed, constructed and maintained in accordance with § 817.49 (a) and (c). Such structures may not be retained permanently as part of the approved postmining land use.
            (2) Each impounding structure constructed of coal mine waste or intended to impound coal mine waste that meets the criteria of § 77.216(a) of this title shall have sufficient spillway capacity to safely pass, adequate storage capacity to safely contain, or a combination of storage capacity and spillway capacity to safely control, the probable maximum precipitation of a 6-hour precipitation event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority.
            (c) Spillways and outlet works shall be designed to provide adequate protection against erosion and corrosion. Inlets shall be protected against blockage.
            (d) Drainage control. Runoff from areas above the disposal facility or runoff from the surface of the facility that may cause instability or erosion of the impounding structure shall be diverted into stabilized diversion channels designed to meet the requirements of § 817.43 and designed to safely pass the runoff from a 100-year, 6-hour design precipitation event.
            (e) Impounding structures constructed of or impounding coal mine waste shall be designed so that at least 90 percent of the water stored during the design precipitation event can be removed within a 10-day period.
            (f) For an impounding structure constructed of or impounding coal mine waste, at least 90 percent of the water stored during the design precipitation event shall be removed within the 10-day period following the design precipitation event.
            [48 FR 44031, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 43608, Oct. 27, 1988; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.87
            Coal mine waste: Burning and burned waste utilization.
            (a) Coal mine waste fires shall be extinguished by the person who conducts the surface mining activities, in accordance with a plan approved by the regulatory authority and the Mine Safety and Health Administration. The plan shall contain, at a minimum, provisions to ensure that only those persons authorized by the operator, and who have an understanding of the procedures to be used, shall be involved in the extinguishing operations.
            (b) No burning or unburned coal mine waste shall be removed from a permitted disposal area without a removal plan approved by the regulatory authority. Consideration shall be given to potential hazards to persons working or living in the vicinity of the structure.
            [48 FR 44031, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.89
            Disposal of noncoal mine wastes.

            (a) Noncoal mine wastes including, but not limited to grease, lubricants, paints, flammable liquids, garbage, abandoned mining machinery, lumber and other combustible materials generated during mining activities shall be placed and stored in a controlled manner in a designated portion of the permit area. Placement and storage shall ensure that leachate and surface runoff do not degrade surface or ground water, that fires are prevented, and that the area remains stable and suitable for reclamation and revegetation compatible with the natural surroundings.
            (b) Final disposal of noncoal mine wastes shall be in a designated disposal site in the permit area or a State-approved solid waste disposal area. Disposal sites in the permit area shall be designed and constructed to ensure that leachate and drainage from the noncoal mine waste area does not degrade surface or underground water. Wastes shall be routinely compacted and covered to prevent combustion and wind-borne waste. When the disposal is completed, a minimum of 2 feet of soil cover shall be placed over the site, slopes stabilized, and revegetation accomplished in accordance with §§ 817.111 through 817.116. Operation of the disposal site shall be conducted in accordance with all local, State, and Federal requirements.
            (c) At no time shall any noncoal mine waste be deposited in a refuse pile or impounding structure, nor shall any excavation for a noncoal mine waste disposal site be located within 8 feet of any coal outcrop or coal storage area.
            [48 FR 44031, Sept. 26, 1983, as amended at 56 FR 65636, Dec. 17, 1991; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.95
            Stabilization of surface areas.
            (a) All exposed surface areas shall be protected and stabilized to effectively control erosion and air pollution attendant to erosion.
            (b) Rills and gullies which form in areas that have been regraded and topsoiled and which either (1) disrupt the approved postmining land use or the reestablishment of the vegetative cover, or (2) cause or contribute to a violation of water quality standards for receiving streams; shall be filled, regraded, or otherwise stabilized; topsoil shall be replaced; and the areas shall be reseeded or replanted.
            [48 FR 1163, Jan. 10, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.97
            Protection of fish, wildlife, and related environmental values.
            (a) The operator shall, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available, minimize disturbances and adverse impacts on fish, wildlife, and related environmental values and shall achieve enhancement of such resources where practicable.
            (b) Endangered and threatened species. No underground mining activity shall be conducted which is likely to jeopardize the continued existence of endangered or threatened species listed by the Secretary or which is likely to result in the destruction or adverse modification of designated critical habitats of such species in violation of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.). The operator shall promptly report to the regulatory authority any State- or federally-listed endangered or threatened species within the permit area of which the operator becomes aware. Upon notification, the regulatory authority shall consult with appropriate State and Federal fish and wildlife agencies and, after consultation, shall identify whether, and under what conditions, the operator may proceed.
            (c) Bald and golden eagles. No underground mining activity shall be conducted in a manner which would result in the unlawful taking of a bald or golden eagle, its nest, or any of its eggs. The operator shall promptly report to the regulatory authority any golden or bald eagle nest within the permit area of which the operator becomes aware. Upon notification, the regulatory authority shall consult with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and also, where appropriate, the State fish and wildlife agency and, after consultation, shall identify whether, and under what conditions, the operator may proceed.

            (d) Nothing in this chapter shall authorize the taking of an endangered or threatened species or a bald or golden eagle, its nest, or any of its eggs in violation of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq., or the Bald Eagle Protection Act, as amended, 16 U.S.C. 668 et seq.

            (e) Each operator shall, to the extent possible using the best technology currently available—

            (1) Ensure that electric powerlines and other transmission facilities used for, or incidental to, underground mining activities on the permit area are designed and constructed to minimize electrocution hazards to raptors, except where the regulatory authority determines that such requirements are unnecessary;
            (2) Locate and operate haul and access roads so as to avoid or minimize impacts on important fish and wildlife species or other species protected by State or Federal law;
            (3) Design fences, overland conveyors, and other potential barriers to permit passage for large mammals except where the regulatory authority determines that such requirements are unnecessary; and
            (4) Fence, cover, or use other appropriate methods to exclude wildlife from ponds which contain hazardous concentrations of toxic-forming materials.
            (f) Wetlands and habitats of unusually high value for fish and wildlife. The operator conducting underground mining activities shall avoid disturbances to, enhance where practicable, restore, or replace, wetlands, and riparian vegetation along rivers and streams and bordering ponds and lakes. Underground mining activities shall avoid disturbances to, enhance where practicable, or restore, habitats of unusually high value for fish and wildlife.
            (g) Where fish and wildlife habitat is to be a postmining land use, the plant species to be used on reclaimed areas shall be selected on the basis of the following criteria:
            (1) Their proven nutritional value for fish or wildlife.
            (2) Their use as cover for fish or wildlife.
            (3) Their ability to support and enhance fish or wildlife habitat after the release of performance bonds. The selected plants shall be grouped and distributed in a manner which optimizes edge effect, cover, and other benefits to fish and wildlife.
            (h) Where cropland is to be the postmining land use, and where appropriate for wildlife- and crop-management practices, the operator shall intersperse the fields with trees, hedges, or fence rows throughout the harvested area to break up large blocks of monoculture and to diversify habitat types for birds and other animals.
            (i) Where residential, public service, or industrial uses are to be the postmining land use, and where consistent with the approved postmining land use, the operator shall intersperse reclaimed lands with greenbelts utilizing species of grass, shrubs, and trees useful as food and cover for wildlife.
            [48 FR 30328, June 30, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 47360, Dec. 11, 1987; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.99
            Slides and other damage.
            At any time a slide occurs which may have a potential adverse effect on public, property, health, safety, or the environment, the person who conducts the underground mining activities shall notify the regulatory authority by the fastest available means and comply with any remedial measures required by the regulatory authority.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.100
            Contemporaneous reclamation.
            Reclamation efforts, including but not limited to backfilling, grading, topsoil replacement, and revegetation, on all areas affected by surface impacts incident to an underground coal mine shall occur as contemporaneously as practicable with mining operations, except when such mining operations are conducted in accordance with a variance for concurrent surface and underground mining activities issued under § 785.18 of this chapter. The regulatory authority may establish schedules that define contemporaneous reclamation.
            [48 FR 24652, June 1, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.102
            Backfilling and grading: General requirements.
            (a) Disturbed areas shall be backfilled and graded to—
            (1) Achieve the approximate original contour, except as provided in paragraph (k) of this section;
            (2) Eliminate all highwalls, spoil piles, and depressions, except as provided in paragraph (h) (small depressions) and in paragraph (k)(2) (previously mined highwalls) of this section;

            (3) Achieve a postmining slope that does not exceed either the angle of repose or such lesser slope as is necessary to achieve a minimum long-term static safety factor of 1.3 and to prevent slides;
            (4) Minimize erosion and water pollution both on and off the site; and
            (5) Support the approved postmining land use.
            (b) Spoil, except as provided in paragraph (l) of this section, and except excess spoil disposed of in accordance with §§ 817.71 through 817.74, shall be returned to the mined-out surface area.
            (c) Spoil and waste materials shall be compacted where advisable to ensure stability or to prevent leaching of toxic materials.
            (d) Spoil may be placed on the area outside the mined-out surface area in nonsteep slope areas to restore the approximate original contour by blending the spoil into the surrounding terrain if the following requirements are met:
            (1) All vegetative and organic material shall be removed from the area.
            (2) The topsoil on the area shall be removed, segregated, stored, and redistributed in accordance with § 817.22.
            (3) The spoil shall be backfilled and graded on the area in accordance with the requirements of this section.
            (e) Disposal of coal processing waste and underground development waste in the mined-out surface area shall be in accordance with §§ 817.81 and 817.83, except that a long-term static safety factor of 1.3 shall be achieved.
            (f) Exposed coal seams, acid- and toxic-forming materials, and combustible materials exposed, used, or produced during mining shall be adequately covered with nontoxic and noncombustible materials, or treated, to control the impact on surface and ground water in accordance with § 817.41, to prevent sustained combustion, and to minimize adverse effects on plant growth and the approved postmining land use.
            (g) Cut-and-fill terraces may be allowed by the regulatory authority where—
            (1) Needed to conserve soil moisture, ensure stability, and control erosion on final-graded slopes, if the terraces are compatible with the approved postmining land use; or
            (2) Specialized grading, foundation conditions, or roads are required for the approved postmining land use, in which case the final grading may include a terrace of adequate width to ensure the safety, stability, and erosion control necessary to implement the postmining land-use plan.
            (h) Small depressions may be constructed if they are needed to retain moisture, minimize erosion, create and enhance wildlife habitat, or assist revegetation.
            (i) Permanent impoundments may be approved if they meet the requirements of §§ 817.49 and 817.56 and if they are suitable for the approved postmining land use.
            (j) Preparation of final-graded surfaces shall be conducted in a manner that minimizes erosion and provides a surface for replacement of topsoil that will minimize slippage.
            (k) The postmining slope may vary from the approximate original contour when approval is obtained from the regulatory authority for—
            (1) A variance from approximate original contour requirements in accordance with § 785.16 of this chapter; or
            (2) Incomplete elimination of highwalls in previously mined areas in accordance with § 817.106.
            (l) Regrading of settled and revegetated fills to achieve approximate original contour at the conclusion of underground mining activities shall not be required if the conditions of paragraph (l)(1) or (l)(2) of this section are met.
            (1)(i) Settled and revegetated fills shall be composed of spoil or non-acid- or non-toxic-forming underground development waste.
            (ii) The spoil or underground development waste shall not be located so as to be detrimental to the environment, to the health and safety of the public, or to the approved postmining land use.

            (iii) Stability of the spoil or underground development waste shall be demonstrated through standard geotechnical analysis to be consistent with backfilling and grading requirements for material on the solid bench (1.3 static safety factor) or excess spoil requirements for material not placed on a solid bench (1.5 static safety factor).

            (iv) The surface of the spoil or underground development waste shall be vegetated according to § 817.116, and surface runoff shall be controlled in accordance with § 817.43.
            (2) If it is determined by the regulatory authority that disturbance of the existing spoil or underground development waste would increase environmental harm or adversely affect the health and safety of the public, the regulatory authority may allow the existing spoil or underground development waste pile to remain in place. The regulatory authority may require stabilization of such spoil or underground development waste in accordance with the requirements of paragraphs (l)(1)(i) through (l)(1)(iv) of this section.
            [48 FR 23370, May 24, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 41735, Sept. 16, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.106
            Backfilling and grading: Previously mined areas.
            (a) Remining operations on previously mined areas that contain a preexisting highwall shall comply with the requirements of §§ 817.102 through 817.107 of this chapter, except as provided in this section.
            (b) The requirements of § 817.102(a) (1) and (2) requiring that elimination of highwalls shall not apply to remining operations where the volume of all reasonably available spoil is demonstrated in writing to the regulatory authority to be insufficient to completely backfill the reaffected or enlarged highwall. The highwall shall be eliminated to the maximum extent technically practical in accordance with the following criteria:
            (1) All spoil generated by the remining operation and any other reasonably available spoil shall be used to backfill the area. Reasonably available spoil in the immediate vicinity of the remining operation shall be included within the permit area.
            (2) The backfill shall be graded to a slope which is compatible with the approved postmining land use and which provides adequate drainage and long-term stability.
            (3) Any highwall remnant shall be stable and not pose a hazard to the public health and safety or to the environment. The operator shall demonstrate, to the satisfaction of the regulatory authority, that the highwall remnant is stable.
            (4) Spoil placed on the outslope during previous mining operations shall not be disturbed if such disturbances will cause instability of the remaining spoil or otherwise increase the hazard to the public health and safety or to the environment.
            [48 FR 41735, Sept. 16, 1983, as amended at 51 FR 41737, Nov. 18, 1986; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.107
            Backfilling and grading: Steep slopes.
            (a) Underground mining activities on steep slopes shall be conducted so as to meet the requirements of §§ 817.102-817.106 and the requirements of this section.
            (b) The following materials shall not be placed on the downslope:
            (1) Spoil.
            (2) Waste materials of any type.
            (3) Debris, including that from clearing and grubbing.
            (4) Abandoned or disabled equipment.
            (c) Land above the highwall shall not be disturbed unless the regulatory authority finds that this disturbance will facilitate compliance with the environmental protection standards of this subchapter and the disturbance is limited to that necessary to facilitate compliance.
            (d) Woody materials shall not be buried in the backfilled area unless the regulatory authority determines that the proposed method for placing woody material within the backfill will not deteriorate the stable condition of the backfilled area.
            [48 FR 23370, May 24, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 41735, Sept. 16, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.111
            Revegetation: General requirements.
            (a) The permittee shall establish on regraded areas and on all other disturbed areas except water areas and surface areas of roads that are approved as part of the postmining land use, as vegetative cover that is in accordance with the approved permit and reclamation plan and that is—
            (1) Diverse, effective, and permanent;

            (2) Comprised of species native to the area, or of introduced species where desirable and necessary to achieve the approved postmining land use and approved by the regulatory authority;
            (3) At least equal in extent of cover to the natural vegetation of the area; and
            (4) Capable of stabilizing the soil surface from erosion.
            (b) The reestablished plant species shall—
            (1) Be compatible with the approved postmining land use;
            (2) Have the same seasonal characteristics of growth as the original vegetation;
            (3) Be capable of self-regeneration and plant succession;
            (4) Be compatible with the plant and animal species of the area; and
            (5) Meet the requirements of applicable State and Federal seed, poisonous and noxious plant, and introduced species laws or regulations.
            (c) The regulatory authority may grant exception to the requirements of paragraphs (b) (2) and (3) of this section when the species are necessary to achieve a quick-growing, temporary, stabilizing cover, and measures to establish permanent vegetation are included in the approved permit and reclamation plan.
            (d) When the regulatory authority approves a cropland postmining land use, the regulatory authority may grant exceptions to the requirements of paragraphs (a) (1), (3), (b) (2), and (3) of this section. The requirements of part 823 of this chapter apply to areas identified as prime farmland.
            [48 FR 40161, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.113
            Revegetation: Timing.
            Disturbed areas shall be planted during the first normal period for favorable planting conditions after replacement of the plant-growth medium. The normal period for favorable planting is that planting time generally accepted locally for the type of plant materials selected.
            [48 FR 40161, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.114
            Revegetation: Mulching and other soil stabilizing practices.
            Suitable mulch and other soil stabilizing practices shall be used on all areas that have been regraded and covered by topsoil or topsoil substitutes. The regulatory authority may waive this requirement if seasonal, soil, or slope factors result in a condition where mulch and other soil stabilizing practices are not necessary to control erosion and to promptly establish an effective vegetative cover.
            [48 FR 40161, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.116
            Revegetation: Standards for success.
            (a) Success of revegetation shall be judged on the effectiveness of the vegetation for the approved postmining land use, the extent of cover compared to the cover occurring in natural vegetation of the area, and the general requirements of § 817.111.
            (1) Standards for success and statistically valid sampling techniques for measuring success shall be selected by the regulatory authority, described in writing, and made available to the public.

            (2) Standards for success shall include criteria representative of unmined lands in the area being reclaimed to evaluate the appropriate vegetation parameters of ground cover, production, or stocking. Ground cover, production, or stocking shall be considered equal to the approved success standard when they are not less than 90 percent of the success standard. The sampling techniques for measuring success shall use a 90-percent statistical confidence interval (i.e., a one-sided test with a 0.10 alpha error).
            (b) Standards for success shall be applied in accordance with the approved postmining land use and, at a minimum, the following conditions:

            (1) For areas developed for use as grazing land or pasture land, the ground cover and production of living plants on the revegetated area shall be at least equal to that of a reference area or such other success standards approved by the regulatory authority.

            (2) For areas developed for use as cropland, crop production on the revegetated area shall be at least equal to that of a reference area or such other success standards approved by the regulatory authority.
            (3) For areas to be developed for fish and wildlife habitat, recreation, undeveloped land, or forest products, success of vegetation shall be determined on the basis of tree and shrub stocking and vegetative ground cover. Such parameters are described as follows:
            (i) Minimum stocking and planting arrangements shall be specified by the regulatory authority on the basis of local and regional conditions and after consultation with and approval by the State agencies responsible for the administration of forestry and wildlife programs. Consultation and approval may occur on either a programwide or a permit-specific basis.
            (ii) Trees and shrubs that will be used in determining the success of stocking and the adequacy of the plant arrangement shall have utility for the approved postmining land use. Trees and shrubs counted in determining such success shall be healthy and have been in place for not less than two growing seasons. At the time of bond release, at least 80 percent of the trees and shrubs used to determine such success shall have been in place for 60 percent of the applicable minimum period of responsibility. The requirements of this section apply to trees and shrubs that have been seeded or transplanted and can be met when records of woody vegetation planted show that no woody plants were planted during the last two growing seasons of the responsibility period and, if any replanting of woody plants took place during the responsibility period, the total number planted during the last 60 percent of that period is less than 20 percent of the total number of woody plants required. Any replanting must be by means of transplants to allow for adequate accounting of plant stocking. This final accounting may include volunteer trees and shrubs of approved species. Volunteer trees and shrubs of approved species shall be deemed equivalent to planted specimens two years of age or older and can be counted towards success. Suckers on shrubby vegetation can be counted as volunteer plants when it is evident the shrub community is vigorous and expanding.
            (iii) Vegetative ground cover shall not be less than that required to achieve the approved postmining land use.
            (4) For areas to be developed for industrial, commercial, or residential use less than 2 years after regrading is completed, the vegetative ground cover shall not be less than that required to control erosion.
            (5) For areas previously disturbed by mining that were not reclaimed to the requirements of this subchapter and that are remined or otherwise redisturbed by surface coal mining operations, as a minimum, the vegetative ground cover shall be not less than the ground cover existing before redisturbance and shall be adequate to control erosion.
            (c)(1) The period of extended responsibility for successful revegetation shall begin after the last year of augmented seeding, fertilizing, irrigation, or other work, excluding husbandry practices that are approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with paragraph (c)(4) of this section.
            (2) In areas of more than 26.0 inches of annual average precipitation, the period of responsibility shall continue for a period of not less than:
            (i) Five full years, except as provided in paragraph (c)(2)(ii) of this section. The vegetation parameters identified in paragraph (b) of this section for grazing land, pasture land, or cropland shall equal or exceed the approved success standard during the growing season of any 2 years of the responsibility period, except the first year. Areas approved for the other uses identified in paragraph (b) of this section shall equal or exceed the applicable success standard during the growing season of the last year of the responsibility period.

            (ii) Two full years for lands eligible for remining included in a permit for which a finding has been made under § 773.15(m) of this chapter. To the extent that the success standards are established by paragraph (b)(5) of this section, the lands must equal or exceed the standards during the growing season of the last year of the responsibility period.
            (3) In areas of 26.0 inches or less average annual precipitation, the period of responsibility shall continue for a period of not less than:
            (i) Ten full years, except as provided in paragraph (c)(3)(ii) in this section. The vegetation parameters identified in paragraph (b) of this section for grazing land, pasture land, or cropland shall equal or exceed the approved success standard during the growing season of any two years after year six of the responsibility period. Areas approved for the other uses identified in paragraph (b) of this section shall equal or exceed the applicable success standard during the growing season of the last year of the responsibility period.
            (ii) Five full years for lands eligible for remining included in a permit for which a finding has been made under § 773.15(m) of this chapter. To the extent that the success standards are established by paragraph (b)(5) of this section, the lands must equal or exceed the standards during the growing seasons of the last two consecutive years of the responsibility period.
            (4) The regulatory authority may approve selective husbandry practices, excluding augmented seeding, fertilization, or irrigation, provided it obtains prior approval from the Director in accordance with § 732.17 of this chapter that the practices are normal husbandry practices, without extending the period of responsibility for revegetation success and bond liability, if such practices can be expected to continue as part of the postmining land use or if discontinuance of the practices after the liability period expires will not reduce the probability of permanent revegetation success. Approved practices shall be normal husbandry practices within the region for unmined lands having land uses similar to the approved postmining land use of the disturbed area, including such practices as disease, pest, and vermin control; and any pruning, reseeding, and transplanting specifically necessitated by such actions.
            [48 FR 40161, Sept. 2, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 34643, Sept. 7, 1988; 60 FR 58492, Nov. 27, 1995; 71 FR 51706, Aug. 30, 2006; 73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.121
            Subsidence control.
            (a) Measures to prevent or minimize damage. (1) The permittee must either adopt measures consistent with known technology that prevent subsidence from causing material damage to the extent technologically and economically feasible, maximize mine stability, and maintain the value and reasonably foreseeable use of surface lands or adopt mining technology that provides for planned subsidence in a predictable and controlled manner.
            (2) If a permittee employs mining technology that provides for planned subsidence in a predictable and controlled manner, the permittee must take necessary and prudent measures, consistent with the mining method employed, to minimize material damage to the extent technologically and economically feasible to non-commercial buildings and occupied residential dwellings and structures related thereto except that measures required to minimize material damage to such structures are not required if:
            (i) The permittee has the written consent of their owners or
            (ii) Unless the anticipated damage would constitute a threat to health or safety, the costs of such measures exceed the anticipated costs of repair.
            (3) Nothing in this part prohibits the standard method of room-and-pillar mining.
            (b) The operator shall comply with all provisions of the approved subsidence control plan prepared pursuant to § 784.20 of this chapter.
            (c) Repair of damage—(1) Repair of damage to surface lands. The permittee must correct any material damage resulting from subsidence caused to surface lands, to the extent technologically and economically feasible, by restoring the land to a condition capable of maintaining the value and reasonably foreseeable uses that it was capable of supporting before subsidence damage.

            (2) Repair or compensation for damage to non-commercial buildings and dwellings and related structures. The permittee must promptly repair, or compensate the owner for, material damage resulting from subsidence caused to any non-commercial building or occupied residential dwelling or structure related thereto that existed at the time of mining. If repair option is selected, the permittee must fully rehabilitate, restore or replace the damaged structure. If compensation is selected, the permittee must compensate the owner of the damaged structure for the full amount of the decrease in value resulting from the subsidence-related damage. The permittee may provide compensation by the purchase, before mining, of a non-cancelable premium-prepaid insurance policy. The requirements of this paragraph apply only to subsidence-related damage caused by underground mining activities conducted after October 24, 1992.
            (3) Repair or compensation for damage to other structures. The permittee must, to the extent required under applicable provisions of State law, either correct material damage resulting from subsidence caused to any structures or facilities not protected by paragraph (c)(2) of this section by repairing the damage or compensate the owner of the structures or facilities for the full amount of the decrease in value resulting from the subsidence. Repair of damage includes rehabilitation, restoration, or replacement of damaged structures or facilities. Compensation may be accomplished by the purchase before mining of a non-cancelable premium-prepaid insurance policy.
            (4) Rebuttable presumption of causation by subsidence—(i) Rebuttable presumption of causation for damage within angle of draw. If damage to any non-commercial building or occupied residential dwelling or structure related thereto occurs as a result of earth movement within an area determined by projecting a specified angle of draw from the outermost boundary of any underground mine workings to the surface of the land, a rebuttable presumption exists that the permittee caused the damage. The presumption will normally apply to a 30-degree angle of draw. A State regulatory authority may amend its program to apply the presumption to a different angle of draw if the regulatory authority shows in writing that the angle has a more reasonable basis than the 30-degree angle of draw, based on geotechnical analysis of the factors affecting potential surface impacts of underground coal mining operations in the State.
            (ii) Approval of site-specific angle of draw. A permittee or permit applicant may request that the presumption apply to an angle of draw different from that established in the regulatory program. The regulatory authority may approve application of the presumption to a site-specific angle of draw different than that contained in the State or Federal program based on a site-specific analysis submitted by an applicant. To establish a site-specific angle of draw, an applicant must demonstrate and the regulatory authority must determine in writing that the proposed angle of draw has a more reasonable basis than the standard set forth in the State or Federal program, based on a site-specific geotechnical analysis of the potential surface impacts of the mining operation.
            (iii) No presumption where access for pre-subsidence survey is denied. If the permittee was denied access to the land or property for the purpose of conducting the pre-subsidence survey in accordance with § 784.20(a) of this chapter, no rebuttable presumption will exist.
            (iv) Rebuttal of presumption. The presumption will be rebutted if, for example, the evidence establishes that: The damage predated the mining in question; the damage was proximately caused by some other factor or factors and was not proximately caused by subsidence; or the damage occurred outside the surface area within which subsidence was actually caused by the mining in question.
            (v) Information to be considered in determination of causation. In any determination whether damage to protected structures was caused by subsidence from underground mining, all relevant and reasonably available information will be considered by the regulatory authority.

            (5) Adjustment of bond amount for subsidence damage. When subsidence-related material damage to land, structures or facilities protected under paragraphs (c)(1) through (c)(3) of this section occurs, or when contamination, diminution, or interruption to a water supply protected under § 817.41 (j) occurs, the regulatory authority must require the permittee to obtain additional performance bond in the amount of the estimated cost of the repairs if the permittee will be repairing, or in the amount of the decrease in value if the permittee will be compensating the owner, or in the amount of the estimated cost to replace the protected water supply if the permittee will be replacing the water supply, until the repair, compensation, or replacement is completed. If repair, compensation, or replacement is completed within 90 days of the occurrence of damage, no additional bond is required. The regulatory authority may extend the 90-day time frame, but not to exceed one year, if the permittee demonstrates and the regulatory authority finds in writing that subsidence is not complete, that not all probable subsidence-related material damage has occurred to lands or protected structures, or that not all reasonably anticipated changes have occurred affecting the protected water supply, and that therefore it would be unreasonable to complete within 90 days the repair of the subsidence-related material damage to lands or protected structures, or the replacement of protected water supply.
            (d) Underground mining activities shall not be conducted beneath or adjacent to (1) public buildings and facilities; (2) churches, schools, and hospitals; or (3) impoundments with a storage capacity of 20 acre-feet or more or bodies of water with a volume of 20 acre-feet or more, unless the subsidence control plan demonstrates that subsidence will not cause material damage to, or reduce the reasonably foreseeable use of, such features or facilities. If the regulatory authority determines that it is necessary in order to minimize the potential for material damage to the features or facilities described above or to any aquifer or body of water that serves as a significant water source for any public water supply system, it may limit the percentage of coal extracted under or adjacent thereto.
            (e) If subsidence causes material damage to any of the features or facilities covered by paragraph (d) of this section, the regulatory authority may suspend mining under or adjacent to such features or facilities until the subsidence control plan is modified to ensure prevention of further material damage to such features or facilities.
            (f) The regulatory authority shall suspend underground mining activities under urbanized areas, cities, towns, and communities, and adjacent to industrial or commercial buildings, major impoundments, or perennial streams, if imminent danger is found to inhabitants of the urbanized areas, cities, towns, or communities.
            (g) Within a schedule approved by the regulatory authority, the operator shall submit a detailed plan of the underground workings. The detailed plan shall include maps and descriptions, as appropriate, of significant features of the underground mine, including the size, configuration, and approximate location of pillars and entries, extraction ratios, measure taken to prevent or minimize subsidence and related damage, areas of full extraction, and other information required by the regulatory authority. Upon request of the operator, information submitted with the detailed plan may be held as confidential, in accordance with the requirements of § 773.6(d) of this chapter.
            [48 FR 24652, June 1, 1983, as amended at 60 FR 16749, Mar. 31, 1995; 65 FR 79670, Dec. 19, 2000; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

              Effective Date Note:
              At 64 FR 71653, Dec. 22, 1999, § 817.121, paragraphs (c)(4)(i) through (iv) were suspended, effective Dec. 22, 1999.

            § 817.122
            Subsidence control: Public notice.

            At least 6 months prior to mining, or within that period if approved by the regulatory authority, the underground mine operator shall mail a notification to all owners and occupants of surface property and structures above the underground workings. The notification shall include, at a minimum, identification of specific areas in which mining will take place, dates that specific areas will be undermined, and the location or locations where the operator's subsidence control plan may be examined.
            [48 FR 24652, June 1, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.131
            Cessation of operations: Temporary.
            (a) Each person who conducts underground mining activities shall effectively support and maintain all surface access openings to underground operations, and secure surface facilities in areas in which there are no current operations, but operations are to be resumed under an approved permit. Temporary abandonment shall not relieve a person of his or her obligation to comply with any provisions of the approved permit.
            (b) Before temporary cessation of mining and reclamation operations for a period of thirty days or more, or as soon as it is known that a temporary cessation will extend beyond 30 days, each person who conducts underground mining activities shall submit to the regulatory authority a notice of intention to cease or abandon operations. This notice shall include a statement of the exact number of surface acres and the horizontal and vertical extent of sub-surface strata which have been in the permit area prior to cessation or abandonment, the extent and kind of reclamation of surface area which will have been accomplished, and identification of the backfilling, regrading, revegetation, environmental monitoring, underground opening closures and water treatment activities that will continue during the temporary cessation.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.132
            Cessation of operations: Permanent.
            (a) The person who conducts underground mining activities shall close or backfill or otherwise permanently reclaim all affected areas, in accordance with this chapter and according to the permit approved by the regulatory authority.
            (b) All surface equipment, structures, or other facilities not required for continued underground mining activities and monitoring, unless approved as suitable for the postmining land use or environmental monitoring, shall be removed and the affected lands reclaimed.
            [44 FR 15422, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.133
            Postmining land use.
            (a) General. All disturbed areas shall be restored in a timely manner to conditions that are capable of supporting—
            (1) The uses they were capable of supporting before any mining; or
            (2) Higher or better uses.
            (b) Determining premining uses of land. The premining uses of land to which the postmining land use is compared shall be those uses which the land previously supported, if the land has not been previously mined and has been properly managed. The postmining land use for land that has been previously mined and not reclaimed shall be judged on the basis of the land use that existed prior to any mining: Provided that, if the land cannot be reclaimed to the land use that existed prior to any mining because of the previously mined condition, the postmining land use shall be judged on the basis of the highest and best use that can be achieved which is compatible with surrounding areas and does not require the disturbance of areas previously unaffected by mining.
            (c) Criteria for alternative postmining land uses. Higher or better uses may be approved by the regulatory authority as alternative postmining land uses after consultation with the landowner or the land management agency having jurisdiction over the lands, if the proposed uses meet the following criteria:
            (1) There is a reasonable likelihood for achievement of the use.
            (2) The use does not present any actual or probable hazard to public health and safety, or threat of water diminution or pollution.
            (3) The use will not—
            (i) Be impractical or unreasonable;

            (ii) Be inconsistent with applicable land use policies or plans;

            (iii) Involve unreasonable delay in implementation; or
            (iv) Cause or contribute to violation of Federal, State, or local law.
            (d) Approximate original contour: Criteria for variance. Surface coal mining operations that meet the requirements of this paragraph may be conducted under a variance from the requirement to restore disturbed areas to their approximate original contour, if the following requirements are satisfied:
            (1) The regulatory authority grants the variance under a permit issued in accordance with § 785.16 of this chapter.
            (2) The alternative postmining land use requirements of paragraph (c) of this section are met.
            (3) All applicable requirements of the Act and the regulatory program, other than the requirement to restore disturbed areas to their approximate original contour, are met.
            (4) After consultation with the appropriate land use planning agencies, if any, the potential use is shown to constitute an equal or better economic or public use.
            (5) The proposed use is designed and certified by a qualified registered professional engineer in conformance with professional standards established to assure the stability, drainage, and configuration necessary for the intended use of the site.
            (6) After approval, where required, of the appropriate State environmental agencies, the watershed of the permit and adjacent areas is shown to be improved.
            (7) The highwall is completely backfilled with spoil material, in a manner which results in a static factor of safety of at least 1.3, using standard geotechnical analysis.
            (8) Only the amount of spoil as is necessary to achieve the postmining land use, ensure the stability of spoil retained on the bench, and meet all other requirements of the Act and this chapter is placed off the mine bench. All spoil not retained on the bench shall be placed in accordance with §§ 817.71 through 817.74 of this chapter.
            (9) The surface landowner of the permit area has knowingly requested, in writing, that a variance be granted, so as to render the land, after reclamation, suitable for an industrial, commercial, residential, or public use (including recreational facilities).
            (10) Federal, State, and local government agencies with an interest in the proposed land use have an adequate period in which to review and comment on the proposed use.
            [48 FR 33905, Sept. 1, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.150
            Roads: General.
            (a) Road classification system. (1) Each road, as defined in § 701.5 of this chapter, shall be classified as either a primary road or an ancillary road.
            (2) A primary road is any road which is—
            (i) Used for transporting coal or spoil;
            (ii) Frequently used for access or other purposes for a period in excess of six months; or
            (iii) To be retained for an approval postmining land use.
            (3) An ancillary road is any road not classified as a primary road
            (b) Performance standards. Each road shall be located, designed, constructed, reconstructed, used, maintained, and reclaimed so as to:
            (1) Control or prevent erosion, siltation, and the air pollution attendant to erosion, including road dust and dust occurring on other exposed surfaces, by measures such as vegetating, watering, using chemical or other dust suppressants, or otherwise stabilizing all exposed surfaces in accordance with current, prudent engineering practices;
            (2) Control or prevent damage to fish, wildlife, or otheir habitat and related environmental values;
            (3) Control or prevent additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area;
            (4) Neither cause nor contribute to, directly or indirectly, the violation of State or Federal water quality standard applicable to receiving waters;
            (5) Refrain from seriously altering the normal flow of water in streambeds or drainage channels;

            (6) Prevent or control damage to public or private property, including the prevention or mitigation of adverse effects on lands within the boundaries of units of the National Park System, the National Wildlife Refuge System, the National System of Trails, the National Wilderness Preservation System, the Wild and Scenic Rivers System, including designated study rivers, and National Recreation Areas designated by Act of Congress; and
            (7) Use nonacid- and nontoxic-forming substances in road surfacing.
            (c) Design and construction limits and establishment of design criteria. To ensure environmental protection appropriate for their planned duration and use, including consideration of the type and size of equipment used, the design and construction or reconstruction of roads shall incorporate appropriate limits for grade, width, surface materials, surface drainage control, culvert placement, and culvert size, in accordance with current, prudent engineering practices, and any necessary design criteria established by the regulatory authority.
            (d) Location. (1) No part of any road shall be located in the channel of an intermittent or perennial stream unless specifically approved by the regulatory authority in accordance with applicable §§ 817.41 through 817.43 and 817.57 of this chapter.
            (2) Roads shall be located to minimize downstream sedimentation and flooding.
            (e) Maintenance. (1) A road shall be maintained to meet the performance standards of this part and any additional criteria specified by the regulatory authority;
            (2) A road damaged by a catastrophic event, such as a flood or earthquake, shall be repaired as soon as is practicable after the damage has occurred.
            (f) Reclamation. A road not to be retained under an approved postmining land use shall be reclaimed in accordance with the approved reclamation plan as soon as practicable after it is no longer needed for mining and reclamation operations. This reclamation shall include:
            (1) Closing the road to traffic;
            (2) Removing all bridges and culverts unless approved as part of the postmining land use;
            (3) Removing or otherwise disposing of road-surfacing materials that are incompatible with the postmining land use and revegetation requirements;
            (4) Reshaping cut and fill slopes as necessary to be compatible with the postmining land use and to complement the natural drainage pattern of the surrounding terrain;
            (5) Protecting the natural drainage patterns by installing dikes or cross drains as necessary to control surface runoff and erosion; and
            (6) Scarifying or ripping the roadbed, replacing topsoil or substitute material and revegetating disturbed surfaces in accordance with §§ 817.22 and 817.111 through 817.116 of this chapter.
            [53 FR 45213, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.151
            Primary roads.
            Primary roads shall meet the requirements of § 817.150 and the additional requirements of this section.
            (a) Certification. The construction or reconstruction of primary roads shall be certified in a report to the regulatory authority by a qualified registered professional engineer, or in any State which authorizes land surveyors to certify the construction or reconstruction of primary roads, a qualified registered professional land surveyor, with experience in the design and construction of roads. The report shall indicate that the primary road has been constructed or reconstructed as designed and in accordance with the approved plan.
            (b) Safety factor. Each primary road embankment shall have a minimum static factor of 1.3 or meet the requirements established under § 784.24(c).
            (c) Location. (1) To minimize erosion, a primary road shall be located, insofar as is practicable, on the most stable available surface.
            (2) Fords of perennial or intermittent streams by primary roads are prohibited unless they are specifically approved by the regulatory authority as temporary routes during periods of road construction.
            (d) Drainage control. In accordance with the approved plan—

            (1) Each primary road shall be constructed or reconstructed, and maintained to have adequate drainage control, using structures such as, but not limited to bridges, ditches, cross drains, and ditch relief drains. The drainage control system shall be designed to safely pass the peak runoff from a 10-year, 6-hour precipitation event, or greater event as specified by the regulatory authority;
            (2) Drainage pipes and culverts shall be installed as designed, and maintained in a free and operating condition and to prevent or control erosion at inlets and outlets;
            (3) Drainage ditches shall be constructed and maintained to prevent uncontrolled drainage over the road surface and embankment;
            (4) Culverts shall be installed and maintained to sustain the vertical soil pressure, the passive resistance of the foundation, and the weight of vehicles using the road;
            (5) Natural stream channels shall not be altered or relocated without the prior approval of the regulatory authority in accordance with applicable §§ 816.41 through 816.43 and 816.57 of this chapter; and
            (6) Except as provided in paragraph (c)(2) of this section, structures for perennial or intermittent stream channel crossings shall be made using bridges, culverts, low-water crossings, or other structures designed, constructed, and maintained using current, prudent engineering practices. The regulatory authority shall ensure that low-water crossings are designed, constructed, and maintained to prevent erosion of the structure or streambed and additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow.
            (e) Surfacing. Primary roads shall be surfaced with material approved by the regulatory authority as being sufficiently durable for the anticipated volume of traffic and the weight and speed of vehicles using the road.
            [53 FR 45213, Nov. 8, 1988, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.180
            Utility installations.
            All underground mining activities shall be conducted in a manner which minimizes damage, destruction, or disruption of services provided by oil, gas, and water wells; oil, gas, and coal-slurry pipelines, railroads; electric and telephone lines; and water and sewage lines which pass over, under, or through the permit area, unless otherwise approved by the owner of those facilities and the regulatory authority.
            [48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.181
            Support facilities.
            (a) Support facilities shall be operated in accordance with a permit issued for the mine or coal preparation plant to which it is incident or from which its operation results.
            (b) In addition to the other provisions of this part, support facilities shall be located, maintained, and used in a manner that—
            (1) Prevents or controls erosion and siltation, water pollution, and damage to public or private property; and
            (2) To the extent possible using the best technology currently available—
            (i) Minimizes damage to fish, wildlife, and related environmental values; and
            (ii) Minimizes additional contributions of suspended solids to streamflow or runoff outside the permit area. Any such contributions shall not be in excess of limitations of State or Federal law.
            [48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, as amended at 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 817.200
            Interpretative rules related to general performance standards.
            The following interpretations of rules promulgated in part 817 of this chapter have been adopted by the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement.
            (a)-(b) [Reserved]
            (c) Interpretation of § 816.22(e)—Topsoil Removal. (1) Results of physical and chemical analyses of overburden and topsoil to demonstrate that the resulting soil medium is equal to or more suitable for sustaining revegetation than the available topsoil, provided that trials, and tests are certified by an approved laboratory in accordance with 30 CFR 816.22(e)(1)(ii), may be obtained from any one or a combination of the following sources:

            (i) U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service published data based on established soil series;

            (ii) U.S. Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service Technical Guides;
            (iii) State agricultural agency, university, Tennessee Valley Authority, Bureau of Land Management or U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service published data based on soil series properties and behavior, or
            (iv) Results of physical and chemical analyses, field site trials, or greenhouse tests of the topsoil and overburden materials (soil series) from the permit area.
            (2) If the operator demonstrates through soil survey or other data that the topsoil and unconsolidated material are insufficient and substitute materials will be used, only the substitute materials must be analyzed in accordance with 30 CFR 816.22(e)(1)(i).
            (d) Interpretation of § 817.133: Postmining land use. (1) The requirements of 30 CFR 784.15(a)(2), for approval of an alternative postmining land use, may be met by requesting approval through the permit revision procedures of 30 CFR 774.13 rather than requesting such approval through the permit application. The original permit application, however, must demonstrate that the land will be returned to its premining land use capability as required by 30 CFR 817.133(a).
            An application for a permit revision of this type, (i) must be submitted in accordance with the filing deadlines of 30 CFR 774.13, (ii) shall constitute a significant alteration from the mining operations contemplated by the original permit, and (iii) shall be subject to the requirements of 30 CFR part 773 and 775.
            (2) [Reserved]
            [45 FR 26000, Apr. 16, 1980, as amended at 45 FR 39447, June 10, 1980; 45 FR 64908, Oct. 1, 1980; 45 FR 73946, Nov. 7, 1980; 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93418, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 54999, Nov. 17, 2017]

          Pt. 819
          PART 819—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS-AUGER MINING

            Sec.
            819.1
            Scope.
            819.11
            Auger mining: General.
            819.13
            Auger mining: Coal recovery.
            819.15
            Auger mining: Hydrologic balance.
            819.17
            Auger mining: Subsidence protection.
            819.19
            Auger mining: Backfilling and grading.
            819.21
            Auger mining: Protection of underground mining.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 19322, Apr. 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 819.1
            Scope.
            This part sets environmental protection performance standards for surface coal mining and reclamation operations involving auger mining.

            § 819.11
            Auger mining: General.
            (a) Auger mining operations shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of part 816 of this chapter, except as provided in this part.
            (b) The regulatory authority may prohibit auger mining, if necessary to—
            (1) Maximize the utilization, recoverability, or conservation of the solid-fuel resource, or
            (2) Protect against adverse water-quality impacts.

            § 819.13
            Auger mining: Coal recovery.
            (a) Auger mining shall be conducted so as to maximize the utilization and conservation of the coal in accordance with § 816.59 of this chapter.
            (b) Auger mining shall be planned and conducted to maximize recoverability of mineral reserves remaining after the operation and reclamation are complete.
            (c) Each person who conducts auger mining operations shall leave areas of undisturbed coal, as approved by the regulatory authority, to provide access for future underground mining activities to coal reserves remaining after augering is completed, unless it is established that the coal reserves have been depleted or are so limited in thickness or extent that it will not be practicable to recover the remaining coal. This determination shall be made by the regulatory authority upon presentation of appropriate technical evidence by the operator.

            § 819.15
            Auger mining: Hydrologic balance.
            (a) Auger mining shall be planned and conducted to minimize disturbances of the prevailing hydrologic balance in accordance with the requirements of §§ 816.41 and 816.42 of this chapter.
            (b) All auger holes, except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section, shall be—
            (1) Sealed within 72 hours after completion with an impervious and noncombustible material, if the holes are discharging water containing acid-or toxic-forming material. If sealing is not possible within 72 hours, the discharge shall be treated commencing within 72 hours after completion to meet applicable effluent limitations and water-quality standards until the holes are sealed; and
            (2) Sealed with an impervious noncombustible material, as contemporaneously as practicable with the augering operation, as approved by the regulatory authority, if the holes are not discharging water containing acid-or toxic-forming material.
            (c) Auger holes need not be sealed with an impervious material so as to prevent drainage if the regulatory authority determines that—
            (1) The resulting impoundment of water may create a hazard to the environment or public health or safety, and
            (2) The drainage from the auger holes will—
            (i) Not pose a threat of pollution to surface water, and
            (ii) Comply with the requirements of §§ 816.41 and 816.42 of this chapter.

            § 819.17
            Auger mining: Subsidence protection.
            Auger mining shall be conducted in accordance with the requirements of § 817.121 (a) and (c) of this chapter.

            § 819.19
            Auger mining: Backfilling and grading.
            (a) General. Auger mining shall be conducted in accordance with the backfilling and grading requirements of §§ 816.102 and 816.104 through 816.106 of this chapter.
            (b) Remining. Where auger mining operations affect previously mined areas that were not reclaimed to the standards of this chapter and the volume of all reasonably available spoil is demonstrated in writing to the regulatory authority to be insufficient to completely backfill the highwall, the highwall shall be eliminated to the maximum extent technically practical in accordance with the following criteria:
            (1) The person who conducts the auger mining operation shall demonstrate to the regulatory authority that the backfill, designed by a qualified registered professional engineer, has a minimum static safety factor for the stability of the backfill of at least 1.3.
            (2) All spoil generated by the auger mining operation and any associated surface coal mining and reclamation operation, and any other reasonably available spoil shall be used to backfill the area. Reasonably available spoil shall include spoil generated by the mining operation and other spoil located in the permit area that is accessible and available for use and that when rehandled will not cause a hazard to the public safety or significant damage to the environment. For this purpose, the permit area shall include spoil in the immediate vicinity of the auger mining operation.
            (3) The coal seam mined shall be covered with a minimum of 4 feet of nonacid-, nontoxic-forming material and the backfill graded to a slope which is compatible with the approved postmining land use and which provides adequate drainage and long-term stability.
            (4) Any remnant of the highwall shall be stable and not pose a hazard to the public health and safety or to the environment.
            (5) Spoil placed on the outslope during previous mining operations shall not be disturbed if such disturbances will cause instability of the remaining spoil or otherwise increase the hazard to the public health and safety or to the environment.

            § 819.21
            Auger mining: Protection of underground mining.

            Auger holes shall not extend closer than 500 feet (measured horizontally) to any abandoned or active underground mine workings, except as approved in accordance with § 816.79 of this chapter.

          Pt. 820
          PART 820—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—ANTHRACITE MINES IN PENNSYLVANIA

            Sec.
            820.1
            Scope.
            820.2
            Objective.
            820.11
            Performance standards: Anthracite mines in Pennsylvania.

            Authority:
            Secs. 102, 201, 501, 503, 504, 529, Pub. L. 95-97, 91 Stat. 448, 449, 467, 470, 471, 514 (30 U.S.C. 1202, 1211, 1251, 1253, 1254, 1279).

            § 820.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth environmental protection performance standards for anthracite surface coal mining and reclamation operations in Pennsylvania.
            [44 FR 15449, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 820.2
            Objective.
            This part implements subsection 529(a) of the Act, which requires the Secretary to adopt special performance standards for anthracite mines regulated by special environmental protection performance standards of a State as of the date of enactment of the Act.
            [44 FR 15449, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 820.11
            Performance standards: Anthracite mines in Pennsylvania.
            Anthracite mines in Pennsylvania, as specified in section 529 of the Act, shall comply with its approved State program, including Commonwealth of Pennsylvania statutes and regulations, and revisions thereto that are approved by OSM pursuant to part 732 of this chapter.
            [47 FR 44943, Oct. 12, 1982]

          Pt. 822
          PART 822—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—OPERATIONS IN ALLUVIAL VALLEY FLOORS

            Sec.
            822.1
            Scope.
            822.10
            Information collection.
            822.11
            Essential hydrologic functions.
            822.12
            Protection of agricultural activities.
            822.13
            Monitoring.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 29822, June 28, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 822.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth additional requirements for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on or which affect alluvial valley floors in the arid and semiarid regions of the country.

            § 822.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in § 822.13 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0049. The information is being collected to meet the requirements of sections 510(b)(5) and 515(b)(10)(F) of the Act which provide the information collection requirements and performance standards for alluvial valley floors. This information will be used to enable the regulatory authority to assess the impact of the proposed operation during the permanent regulatory program. The obligation to respond is mandatory.

            § 822.11
            Essential hydrologic functions.
            (a) The operator of a surface coal mining and reclamation operation shall minimize disturbances to the hydrologic balance by preserving throughout the mining and reclamation process the essential hydrologic functions of an alluvial valley floor not within the permit area.
            (b) The operator of a surface coal mining and reclamation operation shall minimize disturbances to the hydrologic balance within the permit area by reestablishing throughout the mining and reclamation process the essential hydrologic functions of alluvial valley floors.

            § 822.12
            Protection of agricultural activities.
            (a) Prohibitions. Surface coal mining and reclamation operations shall not: (1) Interrupt, discontinue, or preclude farming on alluvial valley floors; or (2) cause material damage to the quantity or quality of water in surface or underground water systems that supply alluvial valley floors.
            (b) Statutory exclusions. The prohibitions of paragraph (a) of this section shall not apply—
            (1) Where the premining land use of an alluvial valley floor is undeveloped rangeland which is not significant to farming;
            (2) Where farming on the alluvial valley floor that would be affected by the surface coal mining operation is of such small acreage as to be of negligible impact on the farm's agricultural production;
            (3) To any surface coal mining and reclamation operation that, in the year preceding August 3, 1977—
            (i) Produced coal in commercial quantities and was located within or adjacent to an alluvial valley floor; or
            (ii) Obtained specific permit approval by the State regulatory authority to conduct surface coal mining and reclamation operations within an alluvial valley floor; or
            (4) To any land that is the subject of an application for renewal or revision of a permit issued pursuant to the Act which is an extension of the original permit, insofar as: (i) The land was previously identified in a reclamation plan submitted under either part 780 or 784 of this chapter, and (ii) the original permit area was excluded from the protection of paragraph (a) of this section for a reason set forth in paragraph (b)(3) of this section.

            § 822.13
            Monitoring.
            (a) A monitoring system shall be installed, maintained, and operated by the permittee on all alluvial valley floors during surface coal mining and reclamation operations and continued until all bonds are released in accordance with Subchapter J of this chapter. The monitoring system shall provide sufficient information to allow the regulatory authority to determine that—
            (1) The essential hydrologic functions of alluvial valley floors are being preserved outside the permit area or reestablished within the permit area throughout the mining and reclamation process in accordance with § 822.11;
            (2) Farming on lands protected under § 822.12 is not being interrupted, discontinued, or precluded; and
            (3) The operation is not causing material damage to the quantity or quality of water in the surface or underground systems that supply alluvial valley floors protected under § 822.12.
            (b) Monitoring shall be conducted at adequate frequencies to indicate long-term trends that could affect compliance with §§ 822.11 and 822.12.
            (c) All monitoring data collected and analyses thereof shall routinely be made available to the regulatory authority.

          Pt. 823
          PART 823—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—OPERATIONS ON PRIME FARMLAND

            Sec.
            823.1
            Scope and purpose.
            823.4
            Responsibilities.
            823.11
            Applicability.
            823.12
            Soil removal and stockpiling.
            823.14
            Soil replacement.
            823.15
            Revegetation and restoration of soil productivity.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.; Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            48 FR 21463, May 12, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 823.1
            Scope and purpose.
            This part sets forth special environmental protection performance, reclamation, and design standards for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on prime farmland.

            § 823.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) The U.S. Soil Conservation Service within each State shall establish specifications for prime farmland soil removal, storage, replacement, and reconstruction.
            (b) The regulatory authority within each State shall use the soil-reconstruction specifications of paragraph (a) of this section to carry out its responsibilities under § 785.17 and subchapter J of this chapter.

            § 823.11
            Applicability.
            The requirements of this part shall not apply to—

            (a) Coal preparation plants, support facilities, and roads of surface and underground mines that are actively used over extended periods of time and where such uses affect a minimal amount of land. Such uses shall meet the requirements of part 816 of this chapter for surface mining activities and of part 817 of this chapter for underground mining activities;
            (b) Disposal areas containing coal mine waste resulting from underground mines that is not technologically and economically feasible to store in underground mines or on non-prime farmland. The operator shall minimize the area of prime farmland used for such purposes.
            (c) Prime farmland that has been excluded in accordance with § 785.17(a) of this chapter.
            [48 FR 21463, May 12, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 40839, Oct. 18, 1988]

              Effective Date Note:
              At 50 FR 7278, Feb. 21, 1985, § 823.11, paragraph (a) was suspended “insofar as it excludes from the requirements of part 823 those coal preparation plants, support facilities, and roads that are surface mining activities”.

            § 823.12
            Soil removal and stockpiling.
            (a) Prime farmland soils shall be removed from the areas to be disturbed before drilling, blasting, or mining.
            (b) The minimum depth of soil and soil materials to be removed and stored for use in the reconstruction of prime farmland shall be sufficient to meet the requirements of § 823.14(b).
            (c) Soil removal and stockpiling operations on prime farmland shall be conducted to—
            (1) Separately remove the topsoil, or remove other suitable soil materials where such other soil materials will create a final soil having a greater productive capacity than that which exist prior to mining. If not utilized immediately, this material shall be placed in stockpiles separate from the spoil and all other excavated materials; and
            (2) Separately remove the B or C soil horizon or other suitable soil material to provide the thickness of suitable soil required by § 823.14(b), except as approved by the regulatory authority where the B or C soil horizons would not otherwise be removed and where soil capabilities can be retained. If not utilized immediately, each horizon or other material shall be stockpiled separately from the spoil and all other excavated materials. Where combinations of such soil materials created by mixing have been shown to be equally or more favorable for plant growth than the B horizon, separate handling is not necessary.
            (d) Stockpiles shall be placed within the permit area where they will not be disturbed or be subject to excessive erosion. If left in place for more than 30 days, stockpiles shall meet the requirements of § 816.22 or § 817.22 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 21463, May 12, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 40839, Oct. 18, 1988]

            § 823.14
            Soil replacement.
            (a) Soil reconstruction specifications established by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service shall be based upon the standards of the National Cooperative Soil Survey and shall include, as a minimum, physical and chemical characteristics of reconstructed soils and soil descriptions containing soil-horizon depths, soil densities, soil pH, and other specifications such that reconstructed soils will have the capability of achieving levels of yield equal to, or higher than, those of nomined prime farmland in the surrounding area.
            (b) The minimum depth of soil and substitute soil material to be reconstructed shall be 48 inches, or a lesser depth equal to the depth to a subsurface horizon in the natural soil that inhibits or prevents root penetration, or a greater depth if determined necessary to restore the original soil productive capacity. Soil horizons shall be considered as inhibiting or preventing root penetration if their physical or chemical properties or water-supplying capacities cause them to restrict or prevent penetration by roots of plants common to the vicinity of the permit area and if these properties or capacities have little or no beneficial effect on soil productive capacity.
            (c) The operator shall replace and regrade the soil horizons or other root-zone material with proper compaction and uniform depth.

            (d) The operator shall replace the B horizon, C horizon, or other suitable material specified in § 823.12(c)(2) to the thickness needed to meet the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section. In those areas where the B or C horizons were not removed but may have been compacted or otherwise damaged during the mining operation, the operator shall engage in deep tilling or other appropriate means to restore pre-mining capabilities.
            (e) The operator shall replace the topsoil or other suitable soil materials specified in § 823.12(c)(1) as the final surface soil layer. This surface soil layer shall equal or exceed the thickness of the original surface soil layer, as determined by the soil survey.
            [48 FR 21463, May 12, 1983, as amended at 53 FR 40839, Oct. 18, 1988]

            § 823.15
            Revegetation and restoration of soil productivity.
            (a) Following prime farmland soil replacement, the soil surface shall be stabilized with a vegetative cover or other means that effectively controls soil loss by wind and water erosion.
            (b) Prime farmland soil productivity shall be restored in accordance with the following provisions:
            (1) Measurement of soil productivity shall be initiated within 10 years after completion of soil replacement.
            (2) Soil productivity shall be measured on a representative sample or on all of the mined and reclaimed prime farmland area using the reference crop determined under paragraph (b)(6) of this section. A statistically valid sampling technique at a 90-percent or greater statistical confidence level shall be used as approved by the regulatory authority in consultation with the U.S. Soil Conservation Service.
            (3) The measurement period for determining average annual crop production (yield) shall be a minimum of 3 crop years prior to release of the operator's performance bond.
            (4) The level of management applied during the measurement period shall be the same as the level of management used on nonmined prime farmland in the surrounding area.
            (5) Restoration of soil productivity shall be considered achieved when the average yield during the measurement period equals or exceeds the average yield of the reference crop established for the same period for nonmined soils of the same or similar texture or slope phase of the soil series in the surrounding area under equivalent management practices.
            (6) The reference crop on which restoration of soil productivity is proven shall be selected from the crops most commonly produced on the surrounding prime farmland. Where row crops are the dominant crops grown on prime farmland in the area, the row crop requiring the greatest rooting depth shall be chosen as one of the reference crops.
            (7) Reference crop yields for a given crop season are to be determined from—
            (i) The current yield records of representative local farms in the surrounding area, with concurrence by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service; or
            (ii) The average county yields recognized by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which have been adjusted by the U.S. Soil Conservation Service for local yield variation within the county that is associated with differences between nonmined prime farmland soil and all other soils that produce the reference crop.
            (8) Under either procedure in paragraph (b)(7) of this section, the average reference crop yield may be adjusted, with the concurrence of the U.S. Soil Conservation Service, for—
            (i) Disease, pest, and weather-induced seasonal variations; or
            (ii) Differences in specific management practices where the overall management practices of the crops being compared are equivalent.

          Pt. 824
          PART 824—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—MOUNTAINTOP REMOVAL

            Sec.
            824.1
            Scope.
            824.2
            Objectives.
            824.11
            Mountaintop removal: Performance standards.

            Authority:
            Secs. 102, 201, 501, 503, 504, 506, 508, 510, 515, 517, 701 Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 448, 449, 467, 470, 471, 474, 478, 480, 486, 498, 516 (30 U.S.C. 1202, 1211, 1251, 1253, 1254, 1256, 1258, 1260, 1265, 1267, 1291).

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 55020, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 824 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93445, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 824.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth special environmental protection performance, reclamation, and design standards for surface coal mining activities constituting mountaintop removal mining.
            [44 FR 15452, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 824.2
            Objectives.
            The objectives of this part are to—
            (a) Enhance coal recovery;
            (b) Reclaim the land to equal or higher postmining use; and
            (c) Protect and enhance environmental and other values protected under the Act and this chapter.

            § 824.11
            Mountaintop removal: Performance standards.
            (a) Under an approved regulatory program, surface coal mining activities may be conducted under a variance from the requirement of this subchapter for restoring affected areas to their approximate original contour, if—
            (1) The regulatory authority grants the variance under a permit, in accordance with 30 CFR 785.14;
            (2) The activities involve the mining of an entire coal seam running through the upper fraction of a mountain, ridge, or hill, by removing all of the overburden and creating a level plateau or gently rolling contour with no highwalls remaining;
            (3) An industrial, commercial, agricultural, residential, or public facility (including recreational facilities) use is proposed and approved for the affected land;
            (4) The alternative land use requirements of § 816.133(a) through (c) of this chapter are met;
            (5) All applicable requirements of this subchapter and the regulatory program, other than the requirement to restore affected areas to their approximate original contour, are met;
            (6) An outcrop barrier of sufficient width, consisting of the toe of the lowest coal seam, and its associated overburden, are retained to prevent slides and erosion, except that the regulatory authority may permit an exemption to the retention of the coal barrier requirement if the following conditions are satisfied:
            (i) The proposed mine site was mined prior to May 3, 1978, and the toe of the lowest seam has been removed; or
            (ii) A coal barrier adjacent to a head-of-hollow fill may be removed after the elevation of a head-of-hollow fill attains the elevation of the coal barrier if the head-of-hollow fill provides the stability otherwise ensured by the retention of a coal barrier;

            (7) The final graded slopes on the mined area are less than 1v:5h, so as to create a level plateau or gently rolling configuration, and the outslopes of the plateau do not exceed 1v:2h except where engineering data substantiates, and the regulatory authority finds, in writing, and includes in the permit under 30 CFR 785.14, that a minimum static safety factor of 1.5 will be attained;
            (8) The resulting level or gently rolling contour is graded to drain inward from the outslope, except at specified points where it drains over the outslope in stable and protected channels. The drainage shall not be through or over a valley or head-of-hollow fill.
            (9) Natural watercourses below the lowest coal seam mined are not damaged;
            (10) All waste and acid-forming or toxic-forming materials, including the strata immediately below the coal seam, are covered with non-toxic spoil to prevent pollution and achieve the approved postmining land use; and
            (11) Spoil is placed on the mountaintop bench as necessary to achieve the postmining land use approved under paragraphs (a)(3) and (a)(4) of this section. All excess spoil material not retained on the mountaintop shall be placed in accordance with 30 CFR 816.41 and 816.43 and 816.71 through 816.74.
            [44 FR 15452, Mar. 13, 1979; 44 FR 49687, Aug. 24, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 39905, Sept. 1, 1983; 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 81 FR 93445, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 55020, Nov. 17, 2017]

          Pt. 825
          PART 825—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—SPECIAL BITUMINOUS COAL MINES IN WYOMING

            Sec.
            825.1
            Scope.
            825.2
            Special bituminous coal mines in Wyoming.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 33432, Aug. 2, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 825.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes requirements for certain bituminous surface coal mining activities located west of the 100th meridian west longitude in Wyoming which existed on January 1, 1972, and for surface coal mining activities immediately adjacent thereto which began development after August 3, 1977, in accordance with section 527 of the Act.

            § 825.2
            Special bituminous coal mines in Wyoming.
            Special bituminous coal mines in Wyoming, as specified in section 527 of the Act, shall comply with the approved State program, including Wyoming statutes and regulations, and revisions thereto.

          Pt. 827
          PART 827—PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—COAL PREPARATION PLANTS NOT LOCATED WITHIN THE PERMIT AREA OF A MINE

            Sec.
            827.1
            Scope.
            827.11
            General requirements.
            827.12
            Coal preparation plants: Performance standards.
            827.13
            Coal preparation plants: Interim performance standards.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., and Pub. L. 100-34.

            Source:
            48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            Editorial Note:
            At 82 FR 55021, Nov. 17, 2017, as required by the Congressional Review Act and Public Law 115-5, the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement removed all amendments to part 827 made effective on Jan. 19, 2017, at 81 FR 93445, Dec. 20, 2016.

            § 827.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth requirements for coal preparation plants operated in connection with a coal mine but outside the permit area for a specific mine.
            [53 FR 47391, Nov. 22, 1988]

            § 827.11
            General requirements.
            Each person who operates a coal preparation plant subject to this part shall obtain a permit in accordance with § 785.21 of this chapter, obtain a bond in accordance with subchapter J of this chapter, and operate that plant in accordance with the requirements of this part.

            § 827.12
            Coal preparation plants: Performance standards.
            Except as provided in § 827.13 of this part, the construction, operation, maintenance, modification, reclamation, and removal activities at coal preparation plants shall comply with the following:
            (a) Signs and markers for the coal preparation plant, coal processing waste disposal area, and water-treatment facilities shall comply with § 816.11 of this chapter.
            (b) Any stream channel diversion shall comply with § 816.43 of this chapter.
            (c) Drainage from any disturbed area related to the coal preparation plant shall comply with §§ 816.45 through 816.47 of this chapter, and all discharges from these areas shall meet the requirements of §§ 816.41 and 816.42 of this chapter and any other applicable State or Federal law.
            (d) Permanent impoundments associated with coal preparation plants shall meet the requirements of §§ 816.49 and 816.56 of this chapter. Dams constructed of, or impounding, coal processing waste shall comply with § 816.84 of this chapter.

            (e) Disposal of coal processing waste, noncoal mine waste, and excess spoil shall comply with §§ 816.81, 816.83, 816.84, 816.87, 816.89, and 816.71 through 816.74 of this chapter, respectively.

            (f) Fish, wildlife, and related environmental values shall be protection in accordance with § 816.97 of this chapter.
            (g) Support facilities related to the coal preparation plant shall comply with § 816.181 of this chapter.
            (h) Roads shall comply with §§ 816.150 and 816.151 of this chapter.
            (i) Cessation of operations shall be in accordance with §§ 816.131 and 816.132 of this chapter.
            (j) Erosion and air pollution attendant to erosion shall be controlled in accordance with § 816.95 of this chapter.
            (k) Adverse effects upon, or resulting from, nearby underground coal mining activities shall be minimized by appropriate measures including, but not limited to, compliance with § 816.79 of this chapter.
            (l) Reclamation shall follow proper topsoil handling, backfilling and grading, revegetation, and postmining land use procedures in accordance with §§ 816.22, 816.100. 816.102, 816.104, 816.106, 816.111, 816.113, 816.114, 816.116, and 816.133 of this chapter, respectively.
            [48 FR 20401, May 5, 1983, as amended at 52 FR 17730, May 11, 1987; 81 FR 93445, Dec. 20, 2016; 82 FR 55021, Nov. 17, 2017]

            § 827.13
            Coal preparation plants: Interim performance standards.
            (a) Persons operating or who have operated coal preparation plants after July 6, 1984, which were not subject to this chapter before July 6, 1984, shall comply with the applicable interim or permanent program performance standards of the State in which such plants are located, as follows:
            (1) If located in a State in which either interim or permanent program performance standards apply to such plants, the applicable program standards of the State program shall apply;
            (2) If located in a State with a State program which must be amended in order to regulate such plants, the interim program performance standards in subchapter B of this chapter shall apply; and
            (3) If located in a State with a Federal program, all such plants shall be subject to the interim program performance standards in subchapter B of this chapter.
            (b) After a person described in paragraph (a) of this section obtains a permit to operate a coal preparation plant, the performance standards specified in § 827.12 shall be applicable to the operation of that plant instead of those specified in paragraph (a) of this section.
            [52 FR 17730, May 11, 1987]

          Pt. 828
          PART 828—SPECIAL PERMANENT PROGRAM PERFORMANCE STANDARDS—IN SITU PROCESSING

            Sec.
            828.1
            Scope.
            828.2
            Objectives.
            828.11
            In situ processing: Performance standards.
            828.12
            In situ processing: Monitoring.

            Authority:
            Secs. 102, 201, 501, 503, 504, 510, 515, 516, 517, 701; Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 448, 449, 467, 470, 471, 480, 486, 498, 516 (30 U.S.C. 1202, 1211, 1251, 1253, 1254, 1260, 1265, 1266, 1267, 1291).

            § 828.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth special environmental protection performance, reclamation and design standards for in situ processing activities.
            [44 FR 15455, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 828.2
            Objectives.
            This part is intended to ensure that all in situ processing activities are conducted in a manner which preserves and enhances environmental values in accordance with the Act. This part provides additional performance, reclamation and design standards to reflect the nature of in situ processing.
            [44 FR 15455, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 828.11
            In situ processing: Performance standards.
            (a) The person who conducts in situ processing activities shall comply with 30 CFR 817 and this section.
            (b) In situ processing activities shall be planned and conducted to minimize disturbance to the prevailing hydrologic balance by:
            (1) Avoiding discharge of fluids into holes or wells, other than as approved by the regulatory authority;

            (2) Injecting process recovery fluids only into geologic zones or intervals approved as production zones by the regulatory authority;
            (3) Avoiding annular injection between the wall of the drill hole and the casing; and
            (4) Preventing discharge of process fluid into surface waters.
            (c) Each person who conducts in situ processing activities shall submit for approval as part of the application for permit under 30 CFR 785.22, and follow after approval, a plan that ensures that all acid-forming, toxic-forming, or radioactive gases, solids, or liquids constituting a fire, health, safety, or environmental hazard and caused by the mining and recovery process are promptly treated, confined, or disposed of, in a manner that prevents contamination of ground and surface waters, damage to fish, wildlife and related environmental values, and threats to the public health and safety.
            (d) Each person who conducts in situ processing activities shall prevent flow of the process recovery fluid:
            (1) Horizontally beyond the affected area identified in the permit; and
            (2) Vertically into overlying or underlying aquifers.
            (e) Each person who conducts in situ processing activities shall restore the quality of affected ground water in the permit area and adjacent area, including ground water above and below the production zone, to the approximate premining levels or better, to ensure that the potential for use of the ground water is not diminished.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [44 FR 15455, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983]

            § 828.12
            In situ processing: Monitoring.
            (a) Each person who conducts in situ processing activities shall monitor the quality and quantity of surface and ground water and the subsurface flow and storage characteristics, in a manner approved by the regulatory authority under 30 CFR 817.41, to measure changes in the quantity and quality of water in surface and ground water systems in the permit area and in adjacent areas.
            (b) Air and water quality monitoring shall be conducted in accordance with monitoring programs approved by the regulatory authority as necessary according to appropriate Federal and State air and water quality standards.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [44 FR 15455, Mar. 13, 1979, as amended at 48 FR 14822, Apr. 5, 1983; 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983]

        SUBCHAPTER L—PERMANENT PROGRAM INSPECTION AND ENFORCEMENT PROCEDURES

          Pt. 840
          PART 840—STATE REGULATORY AUTHORITY: INSPECTION AND ENFORCEMENT

            Sec.
            840.1
            Scope.
            840.10
            Information collection.
            840.11
            Inspections by State regulatory authority.
            840.12
            Right of entry.
            840.13
            Enforcement authority.
            840.14
            Availability of records.
            840.15
            Public participation.
            840.16
            Compliance conference.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., unless otherwise noted.

            Source:
            47 FR 35633, Aug. 16, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 840.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth the minimum requirements for the Secretary's approval of the provisions for inspection and enforcement by a State of surface coal mining and reclamation operations and of coal exploration operations which substantially disturb the natural land surface, where a State is the regulatory authority under an approved State program.

            § 840.10
            Information collection.

            (a) The collections of information contained in part 840 have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq. and assigned clearance number 1029-0051. The information is being collected by States for use in assessing penalties as evidence in enforcement cases and as an inspection management record. The obligation to respond is required to obtain a benefit in accordance with 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            (b) Public reporting burden for this information is estimated to average 3.7 hours per response, including the time for the reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing the burden, to the Information Collection Clearance Officer (MS-202), 1951 Constitution Ave, NW., Washington, DC 20240.
            [59 FR 60883, Nov. 28, 1994, as amended at 75 FR 60276, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 840.11
            Inspections by State regulatory authority.
            (a) The State regulatory authority shall conduct an average of at least one partial inspection per month of each active surface coal mining and reclamation operation under its jurisdiction, and shall conduct such partial inspections of each inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operation under its jurisdiction as are necessary to ensure effective enforcement of the approved State program. A partial inspection is an on-site or aerial review of a person's compliance with some of the permit conditions and requirements imposed under an approved State program.
            (b) The State regulatory authority shall conduct an average of at least one complete inspection per calendar quarter of each active or inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operation under its jurisdiction. A complete inspection is an on-site review of a person's compliance with all permit conditions and requirements imposed under the State program, within the entire area disturbed or affected by the surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (c) The State regulatory authority shall conduct such inspections of coal explorations as are necessary to ensure compliance with the approved State program.
            (d)(1) Aerial inspections shall be conducted in a manner which reasonably ensures the identification and documentation of conditions at each surface coal mining and reclamation site inspected.

            (2) Any potential violation observed during an aerial inspection shall be investigated on site within three days: provided, that any indication of a condition, practice or violation constituting cause for the issuance of a cessation order under section 521(a)(2) of the Act shall be investigated on site immediately, And provided further, That an on-site investigation of a potential violation observed during an aerial inspection shall not be considered to be an additional partial or complete inspection for the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
            (e) The inspections required under paragraphs (a), (b), (c) and (d) of this section shall:
            (1) Be carried out on an irregular basis, so as to monitor compliance at all operations, including those which operate nights, weekends, or holidays;
            (2) Occur without prior notice to the permittee or any agent or employee of such permittee, except for necessary on-site meetings; and
            (3) Include the prompt filing of inspection reports adequate to enforce the requirements of the approved State program.
            (f) For the purposes of this section, an inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operation is one for which:
            (1) The State regulatory authority has secured from the permittee the written notice provided for under § 816.131(b) or § 817.131(b) of this chapter; or
            (2) Reclamation Phase II as defined at § 800.40 of this chapter has been completed and the liability of the permittee has been reduced by the State regulatory authority in accordance with the State program.
            (g) Abandoned site means a surface coal mining and reclamation operation for which the regulatory authority has found in writing that:
            (1) All surface and underground coal mining and reclamation activities at the site have ceased;
            (2) The regulatory authority or the Office has issued at least one notice of violation or the initial program equivalent, and either:
            (i) Is unable to serve the notice despite diligent efforts to do so; or
            (ii) The notice was served and has progressed to a failure-to-abate cessation order or the initial program equivalent;
            (3) The regulatory authority:
            (i) Is taking action to ensure that the permittee and operator, and owners and controllers of the permittee and operator, will be precluded from receiving future permits while violations continue at the site; and
            (ii) Is taking action pursuant to section 518(e), 518(f), 521(a)(4) or 521(c) of the Act or their regulatory program counterparts to ensure that abatement occurs or that there will not be a recurrence of the failure-to-abate, except where after evaluating the circumstances it concludes that further enforcement offers little or no likelihood of successfully compelling abatement or recovering any reclamation costs; and
            (4) Where the site is, or was, permitted and bonded:
            (i) The permit has either expired or been revoked; and
            (ii) The regulatory authority has initiated and is diligently pursuing forfeiture of, or has forfeited, any available performance bond.
            (h) In lieu of the inspection frequency established in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section, the regulatory authority shall inspect each abandoned site on a set frequency commensurate with the public health and safety and environmental considerations present at each specific site, but in no case shall the inspection frequency be set at less than one complete inspection per calendar year.
            (1) In selecting an alternate inspection frequency authorized under the paragraph above, the regulatory authority shall first conduct a complete inspection of the abandoned site and provide public notice under paragraph (h)(2) of this section. Following the inspection and public notice, the regulatory authority shall prepare and maintain for public review a written finding justifying the alternative inspection frequency selected. This written finding shall justify the new inspection frequency by affirmatively addressing in detail all of the following criteria:

            (i) How the site meets each of the criteria under the definition of an abandoned site under paragraph (g) of this section and thereby qualifies for a reduction in inspection frequency;

            (ii) Whether, and to what extent, there exist on the site impoundments, earthen structures or other conditions that pose, or may reasonably be expected to ripen into, imminent dangers to the health or safety of the public or significant environmental harms to land, air, or water resources;
            (iii) The extent to which existing impoundments or earthen structures were constructed and certified in accordance with prudent engineering designs approved in the permit;
            (iv) The degree to which erosion and sediment control is present and functioning;
            (v) The extent to which the site is located near or above urbanized areas, communities, occupied dwellings, schools and other public or commercial buildings and facilities;
            (vi) The extent of reclamation completed prior to abandonment and the degree of stability of unreclaimed areas, taking into consideration the physical characteristics of the land mined and the extent of settlement or revegetation that has occurred naturally with them; and
            (vii) Based on a review of the complete and partial inspection report record for the site during at least the last two consecutive years, the rate at which adverse environmental or public health and safety conditions have and can be expected to progressively deteriorate.
            (2) The public notice and opportunity to comment required under paragraph (h)(1) of this section shall be provided as follows:
            (i) The regulatory authority shall place a notice in the newspaper with the broadest circulation in the locality of the abandoned site providing the public with a 30-day period in which to submit written comments.
            (ii) The public notice shall contain the permittee's name, the permit number, the precise location of the land affected, the inspection frequency proposed, the general reasons for reducing the inspection frequency, the bond status of the permit, the telephone number and address of the regulatory authority where written comments on the reduced inspection frequency may be submitted, and the closing date of the comment period.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [47 FR 35633, Aug. 16, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 53 FR 24882, June 30, 1988; 59 FR 60883, Nov. 28, 1994]

            § 840.12
            Right of entry.
            (a) Within its jurisdiction, the State regulatory authority shall have authority that grants its representatives a right of entry to, upon, and through any coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation without advance notice upon presentation of appropriate credentials. No search warrant shall be required, except that a State may provide for its use with respect to entry into a building.
            (b) The State regulatory authority shall have authority that authorizes its representatives to inspect any monitoring equipment or method of exploration or operation and to have access to and copy any records required under the approved State program. This authority shall provide that the representatives may exercise such rights at reasonable times, without advance notice, upon presentation of appropriate credentials. No search warrant shall be required, except that a State may provide for its use with respect to entry into a building.

            § 840.13
            Enforcement authority.
            (a) The civil and criminal penalty provisions of each State program shall contain penalties which are no less stringent than those set forth in section 518 of the Act and shall be consistent with 30 CFR part 845.
            (b) The enforcement provisions of each State program shall contain sanctions which are no less stringent than those set forth in section 521 of the Act and shall be consistent with §§ 843.11, 843.12, 843.13, and subchapters G and J of this chapter.

            (c) The procedural requirements of each State program relating to the penalties and sanctions mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section shall be the same as or similar to those provided in sections 518 and 521 of the Act, respectively, and consistent with parts 843 and 845 and subchapters G and J of this chapter.
            (d) Nothing in the Act or this part shall be construed as eliminating any additional enforcement rights or procedures which are available under State law to a State regulatory authority, but which are not specifically enumerated in sections 518 and 521 of the Act.
            [47 FR 35633, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 59 FR 54356, Oct. 28, 1994; 75 FR 60276, Sept. 29, 2010]

              Editorial Note:
              For a document suspending § 840.13(a) in part, see 45 FR 51548, Aug. 4, 1980.

            § 840.14
            Availability of records.
            (a) Each State regulatory authority shall make available to the Director, upon request, copies of all documents relating to applications for and approvals of existing, new, or revised coal exploration approvals or surface coal mining and reclamation operations permits and all documents relating to inspection and enforcment actions.
            (b) Copies of all records, reports, inspection materials, or information obtained by the regulatory authority shall be made immediately available to the public in the area of mining until at least five years after expiration of the period during which the subject operation is active or is covered by any portion of a reclamation bond so that they are conveniently available to residents of that area, except—
            (1) As otherwise provided by Federal law; and
            (2) For information not required to be made available under §§ 772.15 and 773.6(d) of this chapter or paragraph (d) of this section.
            (c) The State regulatory authority shall ensure compliance with paragraph (b) by either:
            (1) Making copies of all records, reports, inspection materials, and other subject information available for public inspection at a Federal, State or local government office in the county where the mining is occurring or proposed to occur; or,

            (2) At the regulatory authority's option and expense, providing copies of subject information promptly by mail at the request of any resident of the area where the mining is occuring or is proposed to occur, Provided, That the regulatory authority shall maintain for public inspection, at a Federal, State or local government office in the county where the mining is occurring or proposed to occur, a description of the information available for mailing and the procedure for obtaining such information.
            (d) In order to protect preparation for hearings and enforcement proceedings, the Director and the State regulatory authority may enter into agreements regarding procedures for the special handling of investigative and enforcement reports and other such materials.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [47 FR 35633, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 65 FR 79670, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 840.15
            Public participation.
            Each State program shall provide for public participation in enforcement of the State program consistent with that provided by 30 CFR parts 842, 843 and 845 and 43 CFR part 4.

            § 840.16
            Compliance conference.
            (a) The State program may provide for compliance conferences between a permittee and an authorized representative of the regulatory authority as described in paragraphs (b) through (e) of this section.
            (b) A permittee may request an on-site compliance conference with an authorized representative of the regulatory authority to review the compliance status of any condition or practice proposed at any coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation. Any such conference shall not constitute an inspection within the meaning of section 517 of the Act and § 840.11.
            (c) The State regulatory authority may accept or refuse any request to conduct a compliance conference under paragraph (b).

            (d) The authorized representative at any compliance conference shall review such proposed conditions and practices in order to advise whether any such condition or practice may become a violation of any requirement of the Act, the approved State program, or any applicable permit or exploration approval.

            (e) Neither the holding of a compliance conference under this section nor any opinion given by the authorized representative at such a conference shall affect:
            (1) Any rights or obligations of the regulatory authority or of the permittee with respect to any inspection, notice of violation or cessation order, whether prior or subsequent to such compliance conference; or
            (2) The validity of any notice of violation or cessation order issued with respect to any condition or practice reviewed at the compliance conference.

          Pt. 842
          PART 842—FEDERAL INSPECTIONS AND MONITORING

            Sec.
            842.1
            Scope.
            842.11
            Federal inspections and monitoring.
            842.12
            Requests for Federal inspections.
            842.13
            Right of entry.
            842.14
            Review of adequacy and completeness of inspections.
            842.15
            Review of decision not to inspect or enforce.
            842.16
            Availability of records.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 35635, Aug. 16, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 842.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth general procedures governing Federal inspections under the permanent regulatory program.

            § 842.11
            Federal inspections and monitoring.
            (a) Authorized representatives of the Secretary shall conduct inspections of surface coal mining and reclamation operations as necessary—
            (1) To monitor and evaluate the administration of approved State programs. Such monitoring and evaluation inspections shall be conducted jointly with the State regulatory authority where practical and where the State so requests;
            (2) To develop or enforce Federal programs and Federal lands programs;
            (3) To enforce those requirements and permit conditions imposed under a State program not being enforced by a State, under section 504(b) or section 521(b) of the Act, part 733 of this chapter, or as provided in this section; and
            (4) To determine whether any notice of violation or cessation order issued during an inspection authorized under this section has been complied with.
            (b)(1) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall immediately conduct a Federal inspection:
            (i) When the authorized representative has reason to believe on the basis of information available to him or her (other than information resulting from a previous Federal inspection) that there exists a violation of the Act, this chapter, the applicable program, or any condition of a permit or an exploration approval, or that there exists any condition, practice, or violation which creates an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public or is causing or could reasonably be expected to cause a significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air or water resources and—
            (ii)(A) There is no State regulatory authority or the Office is enforcing the State program under section 504(b) or 521(b) of the Act and part 733 of this chapter; or
            (B)(1) The authorized representative has notified the state regulatory authority of the possible violation and more than ten days have passed since notification and the State regulatory authority has failed to take appropriate action to cause the violation to be corrected or to show good cause for such failure and to inform the authorized representative of its response. After receiving a response from the State regulatory authority, before inspection, the authorized representative shall determine in writing whether the standards for appropriate action or good cause for such failure have been met. Failure by the State regulatory authority to respond within the ten days shall not prevent the authorized representative from making the determination, and will constitute a waiver of the state regulatory authority's right to request review under paragraph (b)(1)(iii) of this section.
            (2) For purposes of this subchapter, an action or response by a State regulatory authority that is not arbitrary, capricious, or an abuse of discretion under the state program shall be considered “appropriate action” to cause a violation to be corrected or “good cause” for failure to do so.
            (3) Appropriate action includes enforcement or other action authorized under the State program to cause the violation to be corrected.
            (4) Good cause includes:
            (i) Under the State program, the possible violation does not exist;
            (ii) The State regulatory authority requires a reasonable and specified additional time to determine whether a violation of the State program does exist;
            (iii) The State regulatory authority lacks jurisdiction under the State program over the possible violation or operation;
            (iv) The State regulatory authority is precluded by an administrative or judicial order from an administrative body or court of competent jurisdiction from acting on the possible violation, where that order is based on the violation not existing or where the temporary relief standards of section 525(c) or 526(c) of the Act have been met; or
            (v) With regard to abandoned sites as defined in § 840.11(g) of this chapter, the State regulatory authority is diligently pursuing or has exhausted all appropriate enforcement provisions of the State program.
            (C) The person supplying the information supplies adequate proof that an imminent danger to the public health and safety or a significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air or water resources exists and that the State regulatory authority has failed to take appropriate action.
            (iii)(A) The authorized representative shall immediately notify the state regulatory authority in writing when in response to a ten-day notice the state regulatory authority fails to take appropriate action to cause a violation to be corrected or to show good cause for such failure. If the State regulatory authority disagrees with the authorized representative's written determination, it may file a request, in writing, for informal review of that written determination by the Deputy Director. Such a request for informal review may be submitted to the appropriate OSMRE field office or to the office of the Deputy Director in Washington, DC. The request must be received by OSMRE within 5 days from receipt of OSMRE's written determination.
            (B) Unless a cessation order is required under § 843.11, or unless the state regulatory authority has failed to respond to the ten-day notice, no Federal inspection action shall be taken or notice of violation issued regarding the ten-day notice until the time to request informal review as provided in § 842.11(b)(1)(iii)(A) has expired or, if informal review has been requested, until the Deputy Director has completed such review.
            (C) After reviewing the written determination of the authorized representative and the request for informal review submitted by the State regulatory authority, the Deputy Director shall, within 15 days, render a decision on the request for informal review. He shall affirm, reverse, or modify the written determination of the authorized representative. Should the Deputy Director decide that the State regulatory authority did not take appropriate action or show good cause, he shall immediately order a Federal inspection or reinspection. The Deputy Director shall provide to the State regulatory authority and to the permittee a written explanation of his decision, and if the ten-day notice resulted from a request for a Federal inspection under § 842.12 of this part, he shall send written notification of his decision to the person who made the request.
            (2) An authorized representative shall have reason to believe that a violation, condition or practice exists if the facts alleged by the informant would, if true, constitute a condition, practice or violation referred to in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section.
            (c) The Office, when acting as the regulatory authority under a Federal program or a Federal lands program and when enforcing a State program, in whole or in part, pursuant to section 504(b) of section 521(b) of the Act and part 733 of this chapter, shall conduct inspections of all coal exploration and surface coal mining and reclamation operations under its jurisdiction. The Office shall—

            (1) With respect to active surface coal mining and reclamation operations:

            (i) Conduct an average of at least one partial inspection per month of each active surface coal mining and reclamation operation. A partial inspection is an on-site or aerial review of a person's compliance with some of the permit requirements and conditions imposed under an applicable program.
            (A) Aerial inspections shall be conducted in a manner which reasonably ensures the identification and documentation of conditions at each surface coal mining and reclamation site inspected.

            (B) Any potential violation observed during an aerial inspection shall be investigated on site within three calendar days: Provided, That any indication of a condition, practice or violation constituting cause for issuance of a cessation order under section 521(a)(2) shall be investigated on site immediately, And provided further, That an on-site investigation of a potential violation observed during an aerial inspection shall not be considered to be an additional partial or complete inspection for the purposes of paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section.
            (ii) Conduct an average of at least one complete inspection per calendar quarter of each active surface coal mining and reclamation operation. A complete inspection is an on-site review of a person's compliance with all permit conditions and requirements imposed under the applicable program within the entire area disturbed or affected by surface coal mining and reclamation operations.
            (2) With respect to inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operations:
            (i) Conduct an average of at least one complete inspection per calendar quarter of each inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operation; and
            (ii) Conduct such partial inspections of each inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operation as are necessary to ensure effective enforcement of the regulatory program and the Act.
            (iii) For purposes of this section, an inactive surface coal mining and reclamation operation is one for which—
            (A) The Office has secured from the permittee the written notice provided for under §§ 816.131(b) or 817.131(b) of this chapter; or,
            (B) Reclamation Phase II as defined at § 800.40 of this chapter has been completed.
            (3) With respect to coal exploration operations, conduct such inspections as are necessary to ensure compliance with the Act by those coal explorations which substantially disturb the natural land surface.
            (d) The inspections required under paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section shall:
            (1) Be carried out on an irregular basis, so as to monitor compliance at all operations, including those which operate nights, weekends, or holidays;
            (2) Occur without prior notice to the permittee or any agent or employee of such permittee, except for necessary on-site meetings; and
            (3) Include the prompt filing of inspection reports adequate to enforce the requirements of the applicable program.
            (e) Abandoned site means a surface coal mining and reclamation operation for which the Office has found in writing that:
            (1) All surface and underground coal mining and reclamation activities at the site have ceased;
            (2) The Office has issued at least one notice of violation or the initial program equivalent, and either:
            (i) Is unable to serve the notice despite diligent efforts to do so; or
            (ii) The notice was served and has progressed to a failure-to-abate cessation order or the initial program equivalent;
            (3) The Office:
            (i) Is taking action to ensure that the permittee and operator, and owners and controllers of the permittee and operator, will be precluded from receiving future permits while violations continue at the site; and

            (ii) Is taking action pursuant to sections 518(e), 518(f), 521(a)(4) or 521(c) of the Act or their regulatory program counterparts to ensure that abatement occurs or that there will not be a recurrence of the failure-to-abate, except where after evaluating the circumstances it concludes that further enforcement offers little or no likelihood of successfully compelling abatement or recovering any reclamation costs; and

            (4) Where the site is, or was, permitted or bonded:
            (i) The permit has either expired or been revoked; and
            (ii) The Office has initiated and is diligently pursuing forfeiture of, or has forfeited, any available performance bond.
            (f) In lieu of the inspection frequency established in paragraph (c) of this section, the office shall inspect each abandoned site on a set frequency commensurate with the public health and safety and environmental considerations present at each specific site, but in no case shall the inspection frequency be set at less than one complete inspection per calendar-year.
            (1) In selecting an alternate inspection frequency authorized under the paragraph above, the office shall first conduct a complete inspection of the abandoned site and provide public notice under paragraph (f)(2) of this section. Following the inspection and public notice, the office shall prepare and maintain for public review a written finding justifying the alternative inspection frequency selected. This written finding shall justify the new inspection frequency by affirmatively addressing in detail all of the following criteria:
            (i) How the site meets each of the criteria under the definition of an abandoned site under paragraph (e) of this section and thereby qualifies for a reduction inspection frequency;
            (ii) Whether, and to what extent, there exist on the site impoundments, earthen structures or other conditions that pose, or may reasonably be expected to ripen into, imminent dangers to the health or safety of the public or significant environmental harms to land, air or water resources;
            (iii) The extent to which existing impoundments or earthen structures were constructed and certified in accordance with prudent engineering designs approved in the permit;
            (iv) The degree to which erosion and sediment control is present and functioning;
            (v) The extent to which the site is located near or above urbanized areas, communities, occupied dwellings, schools and other public or commercial buildings and facilities;
            (vi) The extent of reclamation completed prior to abandonment and the degree of stability of unreclaimed areas, taking into consideration the physical characteristics of the land mined and the extent of settlement or revegetation that has occurred naturally with time; and
            (vii) Based on a review of the complete and partial inspection report record for the site during at least the last two consecutive years, the rate at which adverse environmental or public health and safety conditions have and can be expected to progressively deteriorate.
            (2) The public notice and opportunity to comment required under paragraph (f)(1) of this section shall be provided as follows:
            (i) The office shall place a notice in the newspaper with the broadest circulation in the locality of the abandoned site providing the public with a 30-day period in which to submit written comments.
            (ii) The public notice shall contain the permittee's name, the permit number, the precise location of the land affected, the inspection frequency proposed, the general reasons for reducing the inspection frequency, the bond status of the permit, the telephone number and address of the office where written comments on the reduced inspection frequency may be submitted, and the closing date of the comment period.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [47 FR 35635, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 53 FR 24882, June 30, 1988; 53 FR 26744, July 14, 1988; 59 FR 60884, Nov. 28, 1994; 75 FR 60276, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 842.12
            Requests for Federal inspections.

            (a) A person may request a Federal inspection under § 842.11(b) by furnishing to an authorized representative of the Secretary a signed, written statement (or an oral report followed by a signed, written statement) giving the authorized representative reason to believe that a violation, condition or practice referred to in § 842.11(b)(1)(i) exists and that the State regulatory authority, if any, has been notified, in writing, of the existence of the violation, condition or practice. The statement shall set forth a phone number and address where the person can be contacted.
            (b) The identity of any person supplying information to the Office relating to a possible violation or imminent danger or harm shall remain confidential with the Office, if requested by that person, unless that person elects to accompany the inspector on the inspection, or unless disclosure is required under the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552) or other Federal law.
            (c) If a Federal inspection is conducted as a result of information provided to the Office by a person as described in paragraph (a) of this section, the person shall be notified as far in advance as practicable when the inspection is to occur and shall be allowed to accompany the authorized representative of the Secretary during the inspection. Such person has a right of entry to, upon and through the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation about which he or she supplied information, but only if he or she is in the presence of and is under the control, direction and supervision of the authorized representative while on the mine property. Such right of entry does not include a right to enter buildings without consent of the person in control of the building or without a search warrant.
            (d) Within ten days of the Federal inspection or, if there is no Federal inspection, within 15 days of receipt of the person's written statement, the Office shall send the person the following.
            (1) If a Federal inspection was made, a description of the enforcement action taken, which may consist of copies of the Federal inspection report and all notices of violation and cessation orders issued as a result of the inspection, or an explanation of why no enforcement action was taken;
            (2) If no Federal inspection was conducted, an explanation of the reason why; and
            (3) An explanation of the person's right, if any, to informal review of the action or inaction of the Office under § 842.15.
            (e) The Office shall give copies of all materials in paragraphs (d)(1) and (d)(2) of this section within the time limits specified in those paragraphs to the person alleged to be in violation, except that the name of the person supplying information shall be removed unless disclosure of his or her identity is permitted under paragraph (b) of this section.

            § 842.13
            Right of entry.
            (a) Each authorized representative of the Secretary conducting a Federal inspection under § 842.11:
            (1) Shall have a right of entry to, upon, and through any coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation without advance notice or a search warrant, upon presentation of appropriate credentials;
            (2) May, at reasonable times and without delay, have access to and copy any records, and inspect any monitoring equipment or method of exploration or operation required under the applicable program; and,
            (3) Shall have a right to gather physical and photographic evidence to document conditions, practices or violations at the site.
            (b) No search warrant shall be required with respect to any activity under paragraph (a) of this section, except that a search warrant may be required for entry into a building.

            § 842.14
            Review of adequacy and completeness of inspections.

            Any person who is or may be adversely affected by a surface coal mining and reclamation operation or a coal exploration operation may notify the Director or his or her designee in writing of any alleged failure on the part of the Office to make adequate and complete or periodic Federal inspections. The notification shall include sufficient information to create a reasonable belief that the regulations of this part are not being complied with and to demonstrate that the person is or may be adversely affected. The Director or his or her designee shall within 15 days of receipt of the notification determine whether adequate and complete or periodic inspections have been made. The Director or his or her designee shall furnish the complainant with a written statement of the reasons for such determination and the actions, if any, taken to remedy the noncompliance.

            § 842.15
            Review of decision not to inspect or enforce.
            (a) Any person who is or may be adversely affected by a coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation may ask the Director or his or her designee to review informally an authorized representative's decision not to inspect or take appropriate enforcement action with respect to any violation alleged by that person in a request for Federal inspection under § 842.12. The request for review shall be in writing and include a statement of how the person is or may be adversely affected and why the decision merits review.
            (b) The Director or his or her designee shall conduct the review and inform the person, in writing, of the results of the review within 30 days of his or her receipt of the request. The person alleged to be in violation shall also be given a copy of the results of the review, except that the name of the person who is or may be adversely affected shall not be disclosed unless confidentiality has been waived or disclosure is required under the Freedom of Information Act or other Federal law.
            (c) Informal review under this section shall not affect any right to formal review under section 525 of the Act or to a citizen's suit under section 520 of the Act.
            (d) Any determination made under paragraph (b) of this section shall constitute a decision of OSM within the meaning of 43 CFR 4.1281 and shall contain a right of appeal to the Office of Hearings and Appeals in accordance with 43 CFR part 4.

            § 842.16
            Availability of records.
            (a) Copies of all records, reports, inspection materials, or information obtained by the Office under Title V of the Act, this chapter, a Federal program or Federal lands program, and a State program being enforced by the Office under section 504(b) or 521(b) of the Act and part 733 of this chapter or §§ 842.11 or 842.12 shall be made immediately available to the public in the area of mining until at least five years after expiration of the period during which the subject operation is active or is covered by any portion of a reclamation bond so that they are conveniently available to residents of that area, except—
            (1) As otherwise provided by Federal law; and
            (2) For information not required to be made available under § 772.15, § 773.6(d), or § 840.14(d) of this chapter.
            (b) The Office shall ensure compliance with paragraph (a) of this section by either:
            (1) Making copies of all such records, reports, inspection materials, and other information available for public inspection at a Federal, State or local government office in the county where the mining is occurring or is proposed to occur; or
            (2) At the Office's option and expense, providing copies of such information promptly by mail at the request of any resident of the area where the mining is occurring or is proposed to occur, provided that the Office shall maintain for public inspection at a Federal, State, or local government office in the county where the mining is occurring or is proposed to occur a description of the information available for mailing and the procedure for obtaining such information.
            (c) Copies of documents and information required to be made available under paragraph (a) of this section shall be provided to the State regulatory authority, if any.
            (Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.)
            [47 FR 35635, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983; 65 FR 79670, Dec. 19, 2000]

          Pt. 843
          PART 843—FEDERAL ENFORCEMENT

            Sec.
            843.1
            Scope.
            843.5
            Definitions.
            843.11
            Cessation orders.
            843.12
            Notices of violation.
            843.13
            Suspension or revocation of permits: Pattern of violations.
            843.14
            Service of notices of violation, cessation orders, and show cause orders.
            843.15
            Informal public hearing.
            843.16
            Formal review of citations.
            843.17

            Failure to give notice and lack of information.

            843.18
            Inability to comply.
            843.20
            Compliance conference.
            843.22
            Enforcement actions at abandoned sites.
            843.25
            Energy Policy Act enforcement in States with approved State programs.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 35637, Aug. 16, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 843.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth general rules regarding enforcement by the Office of the Act, this chapter, any Federal program, the Federal lands program, State programs being enforced by the Office in whole or in part under section 504(b) or 521(b) of the Act and part 733 of this chapter and (in limited circumstances) under § 842.11 or § 842.12 of this chapter, and all conditions of permits and coal exploration approvals or permits imposed under any of these programs, the Act, or this chapter.

            § 843.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part, the following terms have the specified meanings:

              Unwarranted failure to comply means the failure of a permittee to prevent the occurrence of any violation of his or her permit or any requirement of the Act due to indifference, lack of diligence, or lack of reasonable care, or the failure to abate any violation of such permit of the Act due to indifference, lack of diligence, or lack of reasonable care.
            [47 FR 35637, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 65 FR 79670, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 843.11
            Cessation orders.
            (a)(1) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall immediately order a cessation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations or of the relevant portion thereof, if he or she finds, on the basis of any Federal inspection, any condition or practice, or any violation of the Act, this chapter, any applicable program, or any condition of an exploration approval or permit imposed under any such program, the Act, or this chapter which:
            (i) Creates an imminent danger to the health or safety of the public; or
            (ii) Is causing or can reasonably be expected to cause significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources.
            (2) Surface coal mining operations conducted by any person without a valid surface coal mining permit constitute a condition or practice which causes or can reasonably be expected to cause significant imminent environmental harm to land, air, or water resources unless such operations:
            (i) Are an integral, uninterrupted extension of previously permitted operations, and the person conducting such operations has filed a timely and complete application for a permit to conduct such operations; or
            (ii) Were conducted lawfully without a permit under the interim regulatory program because no permit has been required for such operations by the State in which the operations were conducted.
            (3) If the cessation ordered under paragraph (a)(1) of this section will not completely abate the imminent danger or harm in the most expeditious manner physically possible, the authorized representative of the Secretary shall impose affirmative obligations on the permittee to abate the imminent danger or significant environmental harm. The order shall specify the time by which abatement shall be accomplished.
            (b)(1) When a notice of violation has been issued under § 843.12(a) and the permittee fails to abate the violation within the abatement period fixed or subsequently extended by the authorized representative, the authorized representative of the Secretary shall immediately order a cessation of coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations, or of the portion relevant to the violation.
            (2) A cessation order issued under this paragraph (b) shall require the permittee to take all steps the authorized representative of the Secretary deems necessary to abate the violations covered by the order in the most expeditious manner physically possible.

            (c) A cessation order issued under paragraphs (a) or (b) of this section shall be in writing, signed by the authorized representative who issues it, and shall set forth with reasonable specificity: (1) The nature of the condition, practice or violation; (2) the remedial action or affirmative obligation required, if any, including interim steps, if appropriate; (3) the time established for abatement, if appropriate; and (4) a reasonable description of the portion of the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation to which it applies. The order shall remain in effect until the condition, practice or violation resulting in the issuance of the cessation order has been abated or until vacated, modified or terminated in writing by an authorized representative of the Secretary, or until the order expires pursuant to section 521(a)(5) of the Act and § 843.15.
            (d) Reclamation operations and other activities intended to protect public health and safety and the environment shall continue during the period of any order unless otherwise provided in the order.
            (e) An authorized representative of the Secretary may modify, terminate or vacate a cessation order for good cause, and may extend the time for abatement if the failure to abate within the time previously set was not caused by lack of diligence on the part of the permittee.
            (f) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall terminate a cessation order by written notice to the permittee when he or she determines that all conditions, practices or violations listed in the order have been abated. Termination shall not affect the right of the Office to assess civil penalties for those violations under part 845 of this chapter.
            (g) Within 60 days after issuing a cessation order, OSM will notify in writing the permittee, the operator, and any person who has been listed or identified by the applicant, permittee, or OSM as an owner or controller of the operation, as defined in § 701.5 of this chapter.
            [47 FR 35637, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 8992, Mar. 2, 1989; 54 FR 13823, Apr. 5, 1989; 62 FR 19461, Apr. 21, 1997; 65 FR 79670, Dec. 19, 2000]

            § 843.12
            Notices of violation.
            (a)(1) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall issue a notice of violation if, on the basis of a Federal inspection carried out during the enforcement of a Federal program or Federal lands program or during Federal enforcement of a State program under section 504(b) or 521(b) of the Act and part 733 of this chapter, he finds a violation of the Act, this chapter, the applicable program or any condition of a permit or an exploration approval imposed under such program, the Act, or this Chapter, which does not create an imminent danger or harm for which a cessation order must be issued under § 843.11.
            (2) When, on the basis of any Federal inspection other than one described in paragraph (a)(1) of this section, an authorized representative of the Secretary determines that there exists a violation of the Act, the State program, or any condition of a permit or exploration approval required by the Act which does not create an imminent danger or harm for which a cessation order must be issued under § 843.11, the authorized representative shall give a written report of the violation to the State and to the permittee so that appropriate action can be taken by the State. Where the State fails within ten days after notification to take appropriate action to cause the violation to be corrected, or to show good cause for such failure, subject to the procedures of § 842.11(b)(1)(iii) of this chapter, the authorized representative shall reinspect and, if the violation continues to exist, shall issue a notice of violation or cessation order, as appropriate. No additional notification to the State by the Office is required before the issuance of a notice of violation if previous notification was given under § 842.11(b)(1)(ii)(B) of this chapter.
            (b) A notice of violation issued under this section shall be in writing signed by the authorized representative who issues it, and shall set forth with reasonable specificity:
            (1) The nature of the violation;
            (2) The remedial action required, which may include interim steps;
            (3) A reasonable time for abatement, which may include time for accomplishment of interim steps; and

            (4) A reasonable description of the portion of the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation to which it applies.

            (c) An authorized representative of the Secretary may extend the time set for abatement or for accomplishment of an interim step, if the failure to meet the time previously set was not caused by lack of diligence on the part of the permittee. The total time for abatement under a notice of violation, including all extensions, shall not exceed 90 days from the date of issuance, except upon a showing by the permittee that it is not feasible to abate the violation within 90 calendar days due to one or more of the circumstances in paragraph (f) of this section. An extended abatement date pursuant to this section shall not be granted when the permittee's failure to abate within 90 days has been caused by a lack of diligence or intentional delay by the permittee in completing the remedial action required.
            (d)(1) If the permittee fails to meet the time set for abatement the authorized representative shall issue a cessation order under § 843.11(b).
            (2) If the permittee fails to meet the time set for accomplishment of any interim step the authorized representative may issue a cessation order under § 843.11(b).
            (e) An authorized representative of the Secretary shall terminate a notice of violation by written notice to the permittee when he determines that all violations listed in the notice of violation have been abated. Termination shall not affect the right of the Office to assess civil penalties for those violations under 30 CFR part 845.
            (f) Circumstances which may qualify a surface coal mining operation for an abatement period of more than 90 days are:
            (1) Where the permittee of an ongoing permitted operation has timely applied for and diligently pursued a permit renewal or other necessary approval of designs or plans but such permit or approval has not been or will not be issued within 90 days after a valid permit expires or is required, for reasons not within the control of the permittee;
            (2) Where there is a valid judicial order precluding abatement within 90 days as to which the permittee has diligently pursued all rights of appeal and as to which he or she has no other effective legal remedy;
            (3) Where the permittee cannot abate within 90 days due to a labor strike;
            (4) Where climatic conditions preclude abatement within 90 days, or where, due to climatic conditions, abatement within 90 days clearly would cause more environmental harm than it would prevent; or
            (5) Where abatement within 90 days requires action that would violate safety standards established by statute or regulation under the Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977.
            (g) Whenever an abatement time in excess of 90 days is permitted, interim abatement measures shall be imposed to the extent necessary to minimize harm to the public or the environment.
            (h) If any of the conditions in paragraph (f) of this section exists, the permittee may request the authorized representative to grant an abatement period exceeding 90 days. The authorized representative shall not grant such an abatement period without the concurrence of the Director or his or her designee and the abatement period granted shall not exceed the shortest possible time necessary to abate the violation. The permittee shall have the burden of establishing by clear and convincing proof that he or she is entitled to an extension under the provisions of § 843.12(c) and (f). In determining whether or not to grant an abatement period exceeding 90 days the authorized representative may consider any relevant written or oral information from the permittee or any other source. The authorized representative shall promptly and fully document in the file his or her reasons for granting or denying the request. The authorized representative's immediate supervisor shall review this document before concurring in or disapproving the extended abatement date and shall promptly and fully document the reasons for his or her concurrence or disapproval in the file.

            (i) Any determination made under paragraph (h) of this section shall contain a right of appeal to the Office of Hearings and Appeals in accordance with 43 CFR 4.1281 and the regulations at 43 CFR part 4.

            (j) No extension granted under paragraph (h) of this section may exceed 90 days in length. Where the condition or circumstance which prevented abatement within 90 days exists at the expiration of any such extension, the permittee may request a further extension in accordance with the procedures of paragraph (h) of this section.
            [47 FR 35637, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 53 FR 26744, July 14, 1988]

            § 843.13
            Suspension or revocation of permits: Pattern of violations.
            (a)(1) The Director shall issue an order to a permittee requiring him or her to show cause why his or her permit and right to mine under the Act should not be suspended or revoked, if the Director determines that a pattern of violations of any requirements of the Act, this chapter, the applicable program, or any permit condition required by the Act exists or has existed, and that the violations were caused by the permittee willfully or through unwarranted failure to comply with those requirements or conditions. Violations by any person conducting surface coal mining operations on behalf of the permittee shall be attributed to the permittee, unless the permittee establishes that they were acts of deliberate sabotage. The Director shall promptly file a copy of any order to show cause with the Office of Hearings and Appeals and the State regulatory authority, if any.
            (2) The Director may determine that a pattern of violations exists or has existed, based upon two or more Federal inspections of the permit area within any 12-month period, after considering the circumstances, including:
            (i) The number of violations, cited on more than one occasion, of the same or related requirements of the Act, this chapter, the applicable program, or the permit;
            (ii) The number of violations, cited on more than one occasion, of different requirements of the Act, this chapter, the applicable program, or the permit; and
            (iii) The extent to which the violations were isolated departures from lawful conduct.
            (3) The Director shall promptly review the history of violations of any permittee who has been cited for violations of the same or related requirements of the Act, this chapter, the applicable program, or the permit during three or more Federal inspections of the permit area within any 12-month period. If, after such review, the Director determines that a pattern of violations exists or has existed, he or she shall issue an order to show cause as provided in paragraph (a)(1) of this section.
            (4)(i) In determining the number of violations within any 12-month period, the Director shall consider only violations issued as a result of a Federal inspection carried out—
            (A) During enforcement of a Federal program or a Federal lands program;
            (B) During the interim program and before the applicable State program was approved pursuant to section 502 or 504 of the Act; or
            (C) During Federal enforcement of a State program in accordance with section 504(b) or 521(b) of the Act.
            (ii) The Director may not consider violations issued as a result of inspections other than those mentioned in paragraph (a)(4)(i) of this section in determining whether to exercise his or her discretion under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, except as evidence of the willful or unwarranted nature of the permittee's failure to comply.
            (b) If the permittee files an answer to the show cause order and requests a hearing under 43 CFR part 4, a public hearing shall be provided as set forth in that part. The Office of Hearings and Appeals shall give thirty days written notice of the date, time and place of the hearing to the Director, the permittee, the State regulatory authority, if any, and any intervenor. Upon receipt of the notice, the Director shall publish it, if practicable, in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of the surface coal mining and reclamation operations, and shall post it at the State or field office closest to those operations.

            (c) Within sixty days after the hearing, and within the time limits set forth in 43 CFR part 4, the Office of Hearings and Appeals shall issue a written determination as to whether a pattern of violations exists and, if appropriate, an order. If the Office of Hearings and Appeals revokes or suspends the permit and the permittee's right to mine under the Act, the permittee shall immediately cease surface coal mining operations on the permit area and shall:
            (1) If the permit and the right to mine under the Act are revoked, complete reclamation within the time specified in the order; or
            (2) If the permit and the right to mine under the Act are suspended, complete all affirmative obligations to abate all conditions, practices, or violations as specified in the order.
            (d) Whenever a permittee fails to abate a violation contained in a notice of violation or cessation order within the abatement period set in the notice or order or as subsequently extended, the Director shall review the permittee's history of violations to determine whether a pattern of violations exists pursuant to this section, and shall issue an order to show cause as appropriate pursuant to § 845.15(b)(2) of this chapter.

            § 843.14
            Service of notices of violation, cessation orders, and show cause orders.
            (a) A notice of violation, cessation order, or show cause order shall be served on the person to whom it is directed or his or her designated agent promptly after issuance, as follows:
            (1) By tendering a copy at the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation to the designated agent or to the individual who, based upon reasonable inquiry, appears to be in charge. If no such individual can be located at the site, a copy may be tendered to any individual at the site who appears to be an employee or agent of the person to whom the notice or order is issued. Service shall be complete upon tender of the notice or order and shall not be deemed incomplete because of refusal to accept.
            (2) As an alternative to paragraph (a)(1) of this section, service may be made by sending a copy of the notice or order by certified mail or by hand to the permittee or his or her designated agent, or by any means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons and complaint under rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Service shall be complete upon tender of the notice or order or of the certified mail and shall not be deemed incomplete because of refusal to accept.
            (b) Designation by any person of an agent for service of notices and orders shall be made in writing to the appropriate State or field office of the Office.
            (c) The Office shall furnish copies of notices and orders to the State regulatory authority, if any, promptly after their issuance. The Office may furnish copies to any person having an interest in the coal exploration, surface coal mining and reclamation operation, or the permit area.
            [47 FR 35637, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 56 FR 28445, June 20, 1991]

            § 843.15
            Informal public hearing.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, a notice of violation or cessation order which requires cessation of mining, expressly or by necessary implication, shall expire within 30 days after it is served unless an informal public hearing has been held within that time. The hearing shall be held at or reasonably close to the mine site so that it may be viewed during the hearing or at any other location acceptable to the Office and the person to whom the notice or order was issued. The Office of Surface Mining office nearest to the mine site shall be deemed to be reasonably close to the mine site unless a closer location is requested and agreed to by the Office. Expiration of a notice or order shall not affect the Office's right to assess civil penalties with respect to the period during which the notice or order was in effect. No hearing will be required where the condition, practice, or violation in question has been abated or the hearing has been waived. For purposes of this section only, “mining” includes (1) extracting coal from the earth or from coal waste piles and transporting it within or from the permit area, and (2) the processing, cleaning, concentrating, preparing or loading of coal where such operations occur at a place other than at a mine site.

            (b) A notice of violation or cessation order shall not expire as provided in paragraph (a) of this section if the informal public hearing has been waived, or if, with the consent of the person to whom the notice or order was issued, the informal public hearing is held later than 30 days after the notice or order was served. For purposes of this subsection:
            (1) The informal public hearing will be deemed waived if the person to whom the notice or order was issued:
            (i) Is informed, by written notice served in the manner provided in paragraph (b)(2) of this section, that he or she will be deemed to have waived an informal public hearing unless he or she requests one within 30 days after service of the notice; and
            (ii) Fails to request an informal public hearing within that time.
            (2) The written notice referred to in paragraph (b)(1)(i) of this section shall be delivered to such person by an authorized representative or sent by certified mail to such person no later than 5 days after the notice or order is served on such person.
            (3) The person to whom the notice or order is issued shall be deemed to have consented to an extension of the time for holding the informal public hearing if his or her request is received on or after the 21st day after service of the notice or order. The extension of time shall be equal to the number of days elapsed after the 21st day.
            (c) The Office shall give as much advance notice as is practicable of the time, place, and subject matter of the informal public hearing to:
            (1) The person to whom the notice or order was issued;
            (2) Any person who filed a report which led to that notice or order; and
            (3) The State regulatory authority, if any.
            (d) The Office shall also post notice of the hearing at the State or field office closest to the mine site and, where practicable, publish it in a newspaper of general circulation in the area of the mine.
            (e) Section 554 of Title 5 of the United States Code, regarding requirements for formal adjudicatory hearings, shall not govern informal public hearings. An informal public hearing shall be conducted by a representative of the Office, who may accept oral or written arguments and any other relevant information from any person attending.
            (f) Within five days after the close of the informal public hearing, the Office shall affirm, modify, or vacate the notice or order in writing. The decision shall be sent to—
            (1) The person to whom the notice or order was issued;
            (2) Any person who filed a report which led to the notice or order; and
            (3) The State regulatory authority, if any.
            (g) The granting or waiver of an informal public hearing shall not affect the right of any person to formal review under section 518(b), 521(a)(4), or 525 of the Act.
            (h) The person conducting the hearing for the Office shall determine whether or not the mine site should be viewed during the hearing. In making this determination the only consideration shall be whether a view of the mine site will assist the person conducting the hearing in reviewing the appropriateness of the enforcement action or of the required remedial action.

            § 843.16
            Formal review of citations.
            (a) A person issued a notice of violation or cessation order under § 843.11 or § 843.12, or a person having an interest which is or may be adversely affected by the issuance, modification, vacation or termination of a notice or order, may request review of that action by filing an application for review and request for hearing under 43 CFR part 4, within 30 days after receiving notice of the action.
            (b) The filing of an application for review and request for a hearing under this section shall not operate as a stay of any notice or order, or of any modification, termination or vacation of either.

            § 843.17
            Failure to give notice and lack of information.
            No notice of violation, cessation order, show cause order, or order revoking or suspending a permit may be vacated for failure to give the notice to the State regulatory authority required under § 842.11(b)(1)(ii)(B) of this chapter or because it is subsequently determined that the Office did not have information sufficient, under §§ 842.11(b)(1) and 842.11(b)(2) of this chapter, to justify an inspection.

            § 843.18
            Inability to comply.
            (a) No cessation order or notice of violation issued under this part may be vacated because of inability to comply.
            (b) Inability to comply may not be considered in determining whether a pattern of violations exists.
            (c) Unless caused by lack of diligence, inability to comply may be considered only in mitigation of the amount of civil penalty under part 845 of this chapter and of the duration of the suspension of a permit under § 843.13(c).

            § 843.20
            Compliance conference.
            (a) A permittee may request an on-site compliance conference with an authorized representative to review the compliance status of any condition or practice proposed at any coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operation. Any such conference shall not constitute an inspection within the meaning of section 517 of the Act and § 842.11.
            (b) The Office may accept or refuse any request to conduct a compliance conference under paragraph (a). Where the Office accepts such a request, reasonable notice of the scheduled date and time of the compliance conference shall be given to the permittee.
            (c) The authorized representative at any compliance conference shall review such proposed conditions and practices as the permittee may request in order to determine whether any such condition or practice may become a violation of any requirement of the Act of any applicable permit or exploration approval.
            (d) Neither the holding of a compliance conference under this section nor any opinion given by the authorized representative at such a conference shall affect:
            (1) Any rights or obligations of the Office or of the permittee with respect to any inspection, notice of violation or cessation order, whether prior or subsequent to such conference; or
            (2) The validity of any notice of violation or cessation order issued with respect to any condition or practice reviewed at the compliance conference.

            § 843.22
            Enforcement actions at abandoned sites.
            The Office may refrain from issuing a notice of violation or cessation order for a violation at an abandoned site, as defined in § 842.11(e) of this chapter, if abatement of the violation is required under any previously issued notice or order.
            [53 FR 24882, June 30, 1988]

            § 843.25
            Energy Policy Act enforcement in States with approved State programs.
            (a) State-by-State determinations. By July 31, 1995, OSM will determine for each State with an approved State regulatory program whether:
            (1) Direct Federal enforcement of the Energy Policy Act and implementing Federal regulations will occur under paragraph (b) of this section with respect to some or all surface coal mining operations in each State, or
            (2) The procedures of §§ 843.11 and 843.12(a)(2) will apply to State enforcement of the Energy Policy Act, or
            (3) A combination of direct Federal enforcement and State enforcement will occur.

            (4) Before making this determination, OSM will consult with each affected State and provide an opportunity for public comment. OSM will publish its determination in the Federal Register.

            (b) Interim Federal enforcement. (1) If OSM determines under paragraph (a) that direct Federal enforcement is necessary, §§ 817.41(j), 817.121(c)(2), and 817.121(c)(4) of this chapter will apply to each underground mining operation subject to that determination that is conducted in a State with an approved State regulatory program.

            (2) If OSM determines under paragraph (a) of this section that direct Federal enforcement is necessary, the provisions of § 843.12(a)(2) will not apply to direct Federal enforcement actions under this paragraph (b). When, on the basis of any Federal inspection under this paragraph, an authorized representative determines that a violation of § 817.41(j) or § 817.121(c)(2) exists, the authorized representative must issue a notice of violation or cessation order, as appropriate.

            (3) This paragraph (b) will remain effective in a State with an approved State regulatory program until the State adopts, and OSM approves, under part 732 of this chapter, provisions consistent with §§ 817.41(j) and 817.121(c)(2) of this chapter. After these provisions are approved, this paragraph will remain effective only for violations of §§ 817.41(j) and 817.121(c)(2) that are not regulated by the State regulatory authority.
            [60 FR 16750, Mar. 31, 1995]

          Pt. 845
          PART 845—CIVIL PENALTIES

            Sec.
            845.1
            Scope.
            845.2
            Objective.
            845.11
            How assessments are made.
            845.12
            When penalty will be assessed.
            845.13
            Point system for penalties.
            845.14
            Determination of amount of penalty.
            845.15
            Assessment of separate violations for each day.
            845.16
            Waiver of use of formula to determine civil penalty.
            845.17
            Procedures for assessment of civil penalties.
            845.18
            Procedures for assessment conference.
            845.19
            Request for hearing.
            845.20
            Final assessment and payment of penalty.
            845.21
            Use of civil penalties for reclamation.

            Authority:
            28 U.S.C. 2461, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., 31 U.S.C. 3701, Pub. L. 100-202, and Pub. L. 100-446.

            Source:
            47 FR 35640, Aug. 16, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 845.1
            Scope.
            This part covers the assessment of civil penalties under section 518 of the Act with respect to cessation orders and notices of violation issued under part 843 (Federal Enforcement), except for the assessment of individual civil penalties under section 518(f), which is covered in part 846.
            [53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988]

            § 845.2
            Objective.
            Civil penalties are assessed under section 518 of the Act and this part to deter violations and to ensure maximum compliance with the terms and purposes of the Act on the part of the coal mining industry.

            § 845.11
            How assessments are made.
            The Office shall review each notice of violation and cessation order in accordance with the assessment procedures described in 30 CFR 845.12, 845.13, 845.14, 845.15, and 845.16 to determine whether a civil penalty will be assessed, the amount of the penalty, and whether each day of a continuing violation will be deemed a separate violation for purposes of the total penalty assessed.

            § 845.12
            When penalty will be assessed.
            (a) The Office shall assess a penalty for each cessation order.
            (b) The Office shall assess a penalty for each notice of violation, if the violation is assigned 31 points or more under the point system described in 30 CFR 845.13.
            (c) The Office may assess a penalty for each notice of violation assigned 30 points or less under the point system described in 30 CFR 845.13. In determining whether to assess a penalty, the Office shall consider the factors listed in 30 CFR 845.13(b).

            § 845.13
            Point system for penalties.
            (a) The Office shall use the point system described in this section to determine the amount of the penalty and, in the case of notices of violation, whether a mandatory penalty should be assessed as provided in 30 CFR 845.12(b).
            (b) Points shall be assigned as follows:
            (1) History of previous violations. The Office shall assign up to 30 points based on the history of previous violations. One point shall be assigned for each past violation contained in a notice of violation. Five points shall be assigned for each violation (but not a condition or practice) contained in a cessation order. The history of previous violations, for the purpose of assigning points, shall be determined and the points assigned with respect to a particular coal exploration or surface coal mining operation. Points shall be assigned as follows:

            (i) A violation shall not be counted, if the notice or order is the subject of pending administrative or judicial review or if the time to request such review or to appeal any administrative or judicial decision has not expired, and thereafter it shall be counted for only one year.
            (ii) No violation for which the notice or order has been vacated shall be counted; and
            (iii) Each violation shall be counted without regard to whether it led to a civil penalty assessment.
            (2) Seriousness. The Office shall assign up to 30 points based on the seriousness of the violation, as follows:
            (i) Probability of occurrence. The Office shall assign up to 15 points based on the probability of the occurrence of the event which a violated standard is designed to prevent. Points shall be assessed according to the following schedule:

                Probability of Occurrence
                Points

                None
                0

                Insignificant
                1-4

                Unlikely
                5-9

                Likely
                10-14

                Occurred
                15

            (ii) Extent of potential or actual damage. The Office shall assign up to 15 points, based on the extent of the potential or actual damage, in terms of area and impact on the public or environment, as follows:
            (A) If the damage or impact which the violated standard is designed to prevent would remain within the coal exploration or permit area, the Office shall assign zero to seven points, depending on the duration and extent of the damage or impact.
            (B) If the damage or impact which the violated standard is designed to prevent would extend outside the coal exploration or permit area, the Office shall assign eight to fifteen points, depending on the duration and extent of the damage or impact
            (iii) Alternative. In the case of a violation of an administrative requirement, such as a requirement to keep records, the Office shall, in lieu of paragraphs (b)(2) (i) and (ii), assign up to 15 points for seriousness, based upon the extent to which enforcement is obstructed by the violation.
            (3) Negligence. (i) The Office shall assign up to 25 points based on the degree of fault of the person to whom the notice or order was issued in causing or failing to correct the violation, condition, or practice which led to the notice or order, either through act or omission. Points shall be assessed as follows:
            (A) A violation which occurs through no negligence shall be assigned no penalty points for negligence;
            (B) A violation which is caused by negligence shall be assigned 12 points or less, depending on the degree of negligence;
            (C) A violation which occurs through a greater degree of fault than negligence shall be assigned 13 to 25 points, depending on the degree of fault.
            (ii) In determining the degree of negligence involved in a violation and the number of points to be assigned, the following definitions apply:
            (A) No negligence means an inadvertent violation which was unavoidable by the exercise of reasonable care.
            (B) Negligence means the failure of a permittee to prevent the occurrence of any violation of his or her permit or any requirement of the Act or this Chapter due to indifference, lack or diligence, or lack of reasonable care, or the failure to abate any violation of such permit or the Act due to indifference, lack of diligence, or lack of reasonable care.
            (C) A greater degree of fault than negligence means reckless, knowing, or intentional conduct.
            (iii) In calculating points to be assigned for negligence, the acts of all persons working on the coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation site shall be attributed to the person to whom the notice or order was issued, unless that person establishes that they were acts of deliberate sabotage.
            (4) Good faith in attempting to achieve compliance.
            (i) The Office shall add points based on the degree of good faith of the person to whom the notice or order was issued in attempting to achieve rapid compliance after notification of the violation. Points shall be assigned as follows:

                Degree of good faith
                Points

                Rapid compliance
                −1 to −10.

                Normal compliance
                0.

            (ii) The following definitions shall apply under paragraph (b)(4)(i) of this section:
            (A) Rapid compliance means that the person to whom the notice or order was issued took extraordinary measures to abate the violation in the shortest possible time and that abatement was achieved before the time set for abatement.
            (B) Normal compliance means the person to whom the notice or order was issued abated the violation within the time given for abatement.
            (iii) If the consideration of this criterion is impractical because of the length of the abatement period, the assessment may be made without considering this criterion and may be reassessed after the violation has been abated.

            § 845.14
            Determination of amount of penalty.
            The Office shall determine the amount of any civil penalty by converting the total number of points assigned under 30 CFR 845.13 to a dollar amount, according to the following schedule:

                Points
                Dollars

                1
                68

                2
                137

                3
                206

                4
                274

                5
                342

                6
                411

                7
                479

                8
                546

                9
                616

                10
                685

                11
                752

                12
                821

                13
                888

                14
                958

                15
                1,028

                16
                1,095

                17
                1,163

                18
                1,233

                19
                1,301

                20
                1,369

                21
                1,438

                22
                1,506

                23
                1,574

                24
                1,642

                25
                1,711

                26
                2,054

                27
                2,396

                28
                2,736

                29
                2,949

                30
                3,423

                31
                3,764

                32
                4,106

                33
                4,449

                34
                4,791

                35
                5,133

                36
                5,475

                37
                5,819

                38
                6,160

                39
                6,502

                40
                6,843

                41
                7,188

                42
                7,529

                43
                7,870

                44
                8,213

                45
                8,555

                46
                8,898

                47
                9,239

                48
                9,583

                49
                9,924

                50
                10,266

                51
                10,607

                52
                10,952

                53
                11,294

                54
                11,635

                55
                11,979

                56
                12,320

                57
                12,661

                58
                13,003

                59
                13,347

                60
                13,688

                61
                14,030

                62
                14,373

                63
                14,716

                64
                15,058

                65
                15,399

                66
                15,743

                67
                16,084

                68
                16,426

                69
                16,768

                70
                17,112

            [47 FR 35640, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 62 FR 63276, Nov. 28, 1997; 66 FR 58647, Nov. 21, 2001; 70 FR 70701, Nov. 22, 2005; 74 FR 34493, July 15, 2009; 79 FR 18447, Apr. 2, 2014; 81 FR 44541, July 8, 2016; 82 FR 9354, Feb. 6, 2017; 83 FR 10616, Mar. 12, 2018; 84 FR 10676, Mar. 22, 2019; 85 FR 20835, Apr. 15, 2020]

            § 845.15
            Assessment of separate violations for each day.
            (a) The Office may assess separately a civil penalty for each day from the date of issuance of the notice of violation or cessation order to the date set for abatement of the violation. In determining whether to make such an assessment, the Office shall consider the factors listed in 30 CFR 845.13 and may consider the extent to which the person to whom the notice or order was issued gained any economic benefit as a result of a failure to comply. For any violation which continues for two or more days and which is assigned more than 70 points under § 845.13(b), the Office shall assess a penalty for a minimum of two separate days.

            (b) In addition to the civil penalty provided for in paragraph (a) of this section, whenever a violation contained in a notice of violation or cessation order has not been abated within the abatement period set in the notice or order or as subsequently extended pursuant to section 521(a) of the Act, 30 U.S.C. 1271(a), a civil penalty of not less than $2,566 will be assessed for each day during which such failure to abate continues, except that:
            (1)(i) If suspension of the abatement requirements of the notice or order is ordered in a temporary relief proceeding under section 525(c) of the Act, after a determination that the person to whom the notice or order was issued will suffer irreparable loss or damage from the application of the requirements, the period permitted for abatement shall not end until the date on which the Office of Hearings and Appeals issues a final order with respect to the violation in question; and
            (ii) If the person to whom the notice or order was issued initiates review proceedings under section 526 of the Act with respect to the violation, in which the obligations to abate are suspended by the court pursuant to section 526(c) of the Act, the daily assessment of a penalty shall not be made for any period before entry of a final order by the court;
            (2) Such penalty for the failure to abate the violation shall not be assessed for more than 30 days for each such violation. If the permittee has not abated the violation within the 30-day period, the Office shall take appropriate action pursuant to section 518(e), 518(f), 521(a)(4), or 521(c) of the Act within 30 days to ensure that abatement occurs or to ensure that there will not be a reoccurrence of the failure to abate.
            [47 FR 35640, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 62 FR 63277, Nov. 28, 1997; 66 FR 58647, Nov. 21, 2001; 70 FR 70701, Nov. 22, 2005; 81 FR 44541, July 8, 2016; 82 FR 9354, Feb. 6, 2017; 83 FR 10616, Mar. 12, 2018; 84 FR 10676, Mar. 22, 2019; 85 FR 20836, Apr. 15, 2020]

            § 845.16
            Waiver of use of formula to determine civil penalty.
            (a) The Director, upon his own initiative or upon written request received within 15 days of issuance of a notice of violation or a cessation order, may waive the use of the formula contained in 30 CFR 845.13 to set the civil penalty, if he or she determines that, taking into account exceptional factors present in the particular case, the penalty is demonstrably unjust. However, the Director shall not waive the use of the formula or reduce the proposed assessment on the basis of an argument that a reduction in the proposed penalty could be used to abate violations of the Act, this chapter, any applicable program, or any condition of any permit or exploration approval. The basis for every waiver shall be fully explained and documented in the records of the case.
            (b) If the Director waives the use of the formula, he or she shall use the criteria set forth in 30 CFR 845.13(b) to determine the appropriate penalty. When the Director has elected to waive the use of the formula, he or she shall give a written explanation of the basis for the assessment made to the person to whom the notice or order was issued.

            § 845.17
            Procedures for assessment of civil penalties.
            (a) Within 15 days of service of a notice or order, the person to whom it was issued may submit written information about the violation to the Office and to the inspector who issued the notice of violation or cessation order. The Office shall consider any information so submitted in determining the facts surrounding the violation and the amount of the penalty.
            (b) The Office shall serve a copy of the proposed assessment and of the work sheet showing the computation of the proposed assessment on the person to whom the notice or order was issued, by certified mail, or by any alternative means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons or complaint under rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, within 30 days of the issuance of the notice or order.

            (1) If a copy of the proposed assessment and work sheet or the certified mail is tendered at the address of that person required under 30 CFR 816.11, or at any address at which that person is in fact located, and he or she refuses to accept delivery of or to collect such documents, the requirements of this paragraph shall be deemed to have been complied with upon such tender.
            (2) Failure by the Office to serve any proposed assessment within 30 days shall not be grounds for dismissal of all or part of such assessment unless the person against whom the proposed penalty has been assessed—
            (i) Proves actual prejudice as a result of the delay; and,
            (ii) Makes a timely objection to the delay. An objection shall be timely only if made in the normal course of administrative review.
            (c) Unless a conference has been requested, the Office shall review and reassess any penalty if necessary to consider facts which were not reasonably available on the date of issuance of the proposed assessment because of the length of the abatement period. The Office shall serve a copy of any such reassessment and of the worksheet showing the computation of the reassessment in the manner provided in paragraph (b), within 30 days after the date the violation is abated.
            [47 FR 35640, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 56 FR 28446, June 20, 1991]

            § 845.18
            Procedures for assessment conference.
            (a) The Office shall arrange for a conference to review the proposed assessment or reassessment, upon written request of the person to whom the notice or order was issued, if the request is received within 30 days from the date the proposed assessment or reassessment is received.

            (b)(1) The Office shall assign a conference officer to hold the assessment conference. The assessment conference shall not be governed by section 554 of title 5 of the United States Code, regarding requirements for formal adjudicatory hearings. The assessment conference shall be held within 60 days from the date the conference request is received or the end of the abatement period, whichever is later: Provided, That a failure by the Office to hold such conference within 60 days shall not be grounds for dismissal of all or part of an assessment unless the person against whom the proposed penalty has been assessed proves actual prejudice as a result of the delay.
            (2) The Office shall post notice of the time and place of the conference at the State or field office closest to the mine at least 5 days before the conference. Any person shall have a right to attend and participate in the conference.
            (3) The conference officer shall consider all relevant information on the violation. Within 30 days after the conference is held, the conference officer shall either:
            (i) Settle the issues, in which case a settlement agreement shall be prepared and signed by the conference officer on behalf of the Office and by the person assessed; or
            (ii) Affirm, raise, lower, or vacate the penalty.
            (4) An increase or reduction of a proposed civil penalty assessment of more than 25 percent and more than $500 shall not be final and binding on the Secretary, until approved by the Director or his or her designee.
            (c) The conference officer shall promptly serve the person assessed with a notice of his or her action in the manner provided in 30 CFR 845.17(b) and shall include a worksheet if the penalty has been raised or lowered. The reasons for the conference officer's action shall be fully documented in the file.
            (d)(1) If a settlement agreement is entered into, the person assessed will be deemed to have waived all rights to further review of the violation or penalty in question, except as otherwise expressly provided for in the settlement agreement. The settlement agreement shall contain a clause to this effect.
            (2) If full payment of the amount specified in the settlement agreement is not received by the Office within 30 days after the date of signing, the Office may enforce the agreement or rescind it and proceed according to paragraph (b)(3)(ii) within 30 days from the date of the rescission.
            (e) The conference officer may terminate the conference when he or she determines that the issues cannot be resolved or that the person assessed is not diligently working toward resolution of the issues.

            (f) At formal review proceedings under sections 518, 521(a)(4), and 525 of the Act, no evidence as to statements made or evidence produced by one party at a conference shall be introduced as evidence by another party or to impeach a witness.
            [47 FR 35640, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988; 56 FR 10063, Mar. 8, 1991]

            § 845.19
            Request for hearing.
            (a) The person charged with the violation may contest the proposed penalty or the fact of the violation by submitting a petition and an amount equal to the proposed penalty or, if a conference has been held, the reassessed or affirmed penalty to the Office of Hearings and Appeals (to be held in escrow as provided in paragraph (b) of this section) within 30 days from receipt of the proposed assessment or reassessment or 30 days from the date of service of the conference officer's action, whichever is later. The fact of the violation may not be contested if it has been decided in a review proceeding commenced under 30 CFR 843.16.
            (b) The Office of Hearings and Appeals shall transfer all funds submitted under paragraph (a) of this section to the Office, which shall hold them in escrow pending completion of the administrative and judicial review process, at which time it shall disburse them as provided in 30 CFR 845.20.
            [47 FR 35640, Aug. 16, 1982, as amended at 56 FR 10063, Mar. 8, 1991]

            § 845.20
            Final assessment and payment of penalty.
            (a) If the person to whom a notice of violation or cessation order is issued fails to request a hearing as provided in § 845.19, the proposed assessment shall become a final order of the Secretary and the penalty assessed shall become due and payable upon expiration of the time allowed to request a hearing.
            (b) If any party requests judicial review of a final order of the Secretary, the proposed penalty shall continue to be held in escrow until completion of the review. Otherwise, subject to paragraph (c) of this section, the escrowed funds shall be transferred to the Office in payment of the penalty, and the escrow shall end.
            (c) If the final decision in the administrative and judicial review results in an order reducing or eliminating the proposed penalty assessed under this part, the Office shall within 30 days of receipt of the order refund to the person assessed all or part of the escrowed amount, with interest from the date of payment into escrow to the date of the refund at the rate of 6 percent or at the prevailing Department of the Treasury rate, whichever is greater.
            (d) If the review results in an order increasing the penalty, the person to whom the notice or order was issued shall pay the difference to the Office within 15 days after the order is mailed to such person.

            § 845.21
            Use of civil penalties for reclamation.
            (a) To the extent authorized in the applicable annual appropriations act or other relevant statute, the Director of OSMRE may utilize money collected by the United States pursuant to the assessment of civil penalties under section 518 of the Act for reclamation of lands adversely affected by coal mining practices after August 3, 1977, until such funds are expended.
            (b) The Director may allocate funds at his discretion for reclamation projects on lands within any State or on Federal lands or Indian lands based on the following priorities:
            (1) Emergency projects as defined in § 700.5 of this chapter;
            (2) Reclamation projects which qualify as priority 1 under section 403 of the Act;
            (3) Reclamation Projects which qualify as priority 2 under section 403 of the Act; and
            (4) Reclamation of Federal bond forfeiture sites.
            (c) Notwithstanding paragraph (b) of this section, at his discretion, the Director may allocate funds for any other reclamation project which constitutes a danger to the environment or to the public health and safety.
            [53 FR 16017, May 4, 1988, as amended at 54 FR 19342, May 4, 1989; 73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

          Pt. 846
          PART 846—INDIVIDUAL CIVIL PENALTIES

            Sec.
            846.1
            Scope.

            846.12
            When an individual civil penalty may be assessed.
            846.14
            Amount of individual civil penalty.
            846.17
            Procedure for assessment of individual civil penalty.
            846.18
            Payment of penalty.

            Authority:
            28 U.S.C. 2461, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., and 31 U.S.C. 3701.

            Source:
            53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988, unless otherwise noted.

            § 846.1
            Scope.
            This part covers the assessment of individual civil penalties under section 518(f) of the Act.

            § 846.12
            When an individual civil penalty may be assessed.
            (a) Except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, the Office may assess an individual civil penalty against any corporate director, officer or agent of a corporate permittee who knowingly and willfully authorized, ordered or carried out a violation, failure or refusal.
            (b) The Office shall not assess an individual civil penalty in situations resulting from a permit violation by a corporate permittee until a cessation order has been issued by the Office to the corporate permittee for the violation, and the cessation order has remained unabated for 30 days.

            § 846.14
            Amount of individual civil penalty.
            (a) In determining the amount of an individual civil penalty assessed under § 846.12, the Office shall consider the criteria specified in section 518(a) of the Act, including:
            (1) The individual's history of authorizing, ordering or carrying out previous violations, failures or refusals at the particular surface coal mining operation;
            (2) The seriousness of the violation, failure or refusal (as indicated by the extent of damage and/or the cost of reclamation), including any irreparable harm to the environment and any hazard to the health or safety of the public; and
            (3) The demonstrated good faith of the individual charged in attempting to achieve rapid compliance after notice of the violation, failure or refusal.
            (b) The penalty will not exceed $17,112 for each violation. Each day of a continuing violation may be deemed a separate violation and the Office may assess a separate individual civil penalty for each day the violation, failure or refusal continues, from the date of service of the underlying notice of violation, cessation order or other order incorporated in a final decision issued by the Secretary, until abatement or compliance is achieved.
            [53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988, as amended at 62 FR 63277, Nov. 28, 1997; 70 FR 70701, Nov. 22, 2005; 74 FR 34493, July 15, 2009; 79 FR 18448, Apr. 2, 2014; 81 FR 44541, July 8, 2016; 82 FR 9354, Feb. 6, 2017; 83 FR 10616, Mar. 12, 2018; 84 FR 10676, Mar. 22, 2019; 85 FR 20836, Apr. 15, 2020]

            § 846.17
            Procedure for assessment of individual civil penalty.
            (a) Notice. The Office shall serve on each individual to be assessed an individual civil penalty a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment, including a narrative explanation of the reasons for the penalty, the amount to be assessed, and a copy of any underlying notice of violation and cessation order.
            (b) Final order and opportunity for review. The notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment shall become a final order of the Secretary 30 days after service upon the individual unless:

            (1) The individual files within 30 days of service of the notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment a petition for review with the Hearings Division, Office of Hearings and Appeals, U.S. Department of the Interior, 801 North Quincy Street, Arlington, Virginia 22203 (Phone: 703-235-3800), in accordance with 43 CFR 4.1300 et seq.; or
            (2) The Office and the individual or responsible corporate permittee agree within 30 days of service of the notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment to a schedule or plan for the abatement or correction of the violation, failure or refusal.
            (c) Service. For purposes of this section, service shall be performed on the individual to be assessed an individual civil penalty, by certified mail, or by any alternative means consistent with the rules governing service of a summons and complaint under rule 4 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. Service shall be complete upon tender of the notice of proposed assessment and included information or of the certified mail and shall not be deemed incomplete because of refusal to accept.
            [53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988, as amended at 56 FR 28446, June 20, 1991; 67 FR 5204, Feb. 5, 2002]

            § 846.18
            Payment of penalty.
            (a) No abatement or appeal. If a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment becomes a final order in the absence of a petition for review or abatement agreement, the penalty shall be due upon issuance of the final order.
            (b) Appeal. If an individual named in a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment files a petition for review in accordance with 43 CFR 4.1300 et seq., the penalty shall be due upon issuance of a final administrative order affirming, increasing or decreasing the proposed penalty.
            (c) Abatement agreement. Where the Office and the corporate permittee or individual have agreed in writing on a plan for the abatement of or compliance with the unabated order, an individual named in a notice of proposed individual civil penalty assessment may postpone payment until receiving either a final order from the Office stating that the penalty is due on the date of such final order, or written notice that abatement or compliance is satisfactory and the penalty has been withdrawn.
            (d) Delinquent payment. Following the expiration of 30 days after the issuance of a final order assessing an individual civil penalty, any delinquent penalty shall be subject to interest at the rate established by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for late charges on late payments to the Federal Government. The Treasury current value of funds rate is published by the Fiscal Service in the notices section of the Federal Register and on Treasury's Web site. Interest on unpaid penalties will run from the date payment first was due until the date of payment. Failure to pay overdue penalties may result in one or more of the actions specified in § 870.23(a) through (f) of this chapter. Delinquent penalties are subject to late payment penalties specified in § 870.21(c) of this chapter and processing and handling charges specified in § 870.21(d) of this chapter.
            [53 FR 3675, Feb. 8, 1988, as amended at 73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

          Pt. 847
          PART 847—ALTERNATIVE ENFORCEMENT

            Sec.
            847.1
            Scope.
            847.2
            General provisions.
            847.11
            Criminal penalties.
            847.16
            Civil actions for relief.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            65 FR 79671, Dec. 19, 2000, unless otherwise noted.

            § 847.1
            Scope.
            This part governs the use of measures provided in sections 518(e), 518(g) and 521(c) of the Act for criminal penalties and civil actions to compel compliance with provisions of the Act.

            § 847.2
            General provisions.
            (a) Whenever a court of competent jurisdiction enters a judgment against or convicts a person under these provisions, we must update AVS to reflect the judgment or conviction.
            (b) The existence of a performance bond or bond forfeiture cannot be used as the sole basis for determining that an alternative enforcement action is unwarranted.
            (c) Each State regulatory program must include provisions for civil actions and criminal penalties that are no less stringent than those in this part and include the same or similar procedural requirements.
            (d) Nothing in this part eliminates or limits any additional enforcement rights or procedures available under Federal or State law.

            § 847.11
            Criminal penalties.
            Under sections 518(e) and (g) of the Act, we, the regulatory authority, may request the Attorney General to pursue criminal penalties against any person who—
            (a) Willfully and knowingly violates a condition of the permit;

            (b) Willfully and knowingly fails or refuses to comply with—

            (1) Any order issued under section 521 or 526 of the Act; or
            (2) Any order incorporated into a final decision issued by the Secretary under the Act (except for those orders specifically excluded under section 518(e) of the Act); or
            (c) Knowingly makes any false statement, representation, or certification, or knowingly fails to make any statement, representation, or certification in any application, record, report, plan, or other document filed or required to be maintained under the regulatory program or any order or decision issued by the Secretary under the Act.
            [65 FR 79671, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68031, Dec. 3, 2007]

            § 847.16
            Civil actions for relief.
            (a) Under section 521(c) of the Act, we, the regulatory authority, may request the Attorney General to institute a civil action for relief whenever you, the permittee, or your agent—
            (1) Violate or fail or refuse to comply with any order or decision that we issue under the Act or regulatory program;
            (2) Interfere with, hinder, or delay us in carrying out the provisions of the Act or its implementing regulations;
            (3) Refuse to admit our authorized representatives onto the site of a surface coal mining and reclamation operation;
            (4) Refuse to allow our authorized representatives to inspect a surface coal mining and reclamation operation;
            (5) Refuse to furnish any information or report that we request under the Act or regulatory program; or
            (6) Refuse to allow access to, or copying of, those records that we determine necessary to carry out the provisions of the Act and its implementing regulations.
            (b) A civil action for relief includes a permanent or temporary injunction, restraining order, or any other appropriate order by a district court of the United States for the district in which the surface coal mining and reclamation operation is located or in which you have your principal office.
            (c) Temporary restraining orders will be issued in accordance with Rule 65 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, as amended.
            (d) Any relief the court grants to enforce an order under paragraph (b) of this section will continue in effect until completion or final termination of all proceedings for review of that order under the Act or its implementing regulations unless, beforehand, the district court granting the relief sets aside or modifies the order.
            [65 FR 79671, Dec. 19, 2000, as amended at 72 FR 68031, Dec. 3, 2007]

        SUBCHAPTER M—TRAINING, EXAMINATION, AND CERTIFICATION OF BLASTERS

          Pt. 850
          PART 850—PERMANENT REGULATORY PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS—STANDARDS FOR CERTIFICATION OF BLASTERS

            Sec.
            850.1
            Scope.
            850.5
            Definition.
            850.10
            Information collection.
            850.12
            Responsibility.
            850.13
            Training.
            850.14
            Examination.
            850.15
            Certification.

            Authority:
            Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 9492, Mar. 4, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 850.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the requirements and the procedures applicable to the development of regulatory programs for training, examination, and certification of persons engaging in or directly responsible for the use of explosives in surface coal mining operations.

            § 850.5
            Definition.
            As used in this part—

              Blaster means a person directly responsible for the use of explosives in surface coal mining operations who is certified under this part.

            § 850.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in this part have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0080. The information is being collected to meet the requirements of sections 503, 515, and 719 of Pub. L. 95-87. This information will be used by the regulatory authority to assist in implementing the blaster certification program. The obligation to respond is mandatory.

            § 850.12
            Responsibility.
            (a) The regulatory authority is responsible for promulgating rules governing the training, examination, certification and enforcement of a blaster certification program for surface coal mining operations. When the regulatory authority is a State, the State shall submit these rules of the Office of Surface Mining for approval under parts 731 and 732 of this chapter.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall develop and adopt a program to examine and certify all persons who are directly responsible for the use of explosives in a surface coal mining operation within 12 months after approval of a State program or implementation of a Federal program or within 12 months after March 4, 1983 of this rule, whichever is later. The Director may approve an extension of the 12-month period upon a demonstration of good cause.
            [48 FR 9492, Mar. 4, 1983, as amended at 48 FR 44781, Sept. 30, 1983]

            § 850.13
            Training.
            (a) The regulatory authority shall establish procedures which require that—
            (1) Persons seeking to become certified as blasters receive training including, but not limited to, the technical aspects of blasting operations and State and Federal laws governing the storage, transportation, and use of explosives; and
            (2) Persons who are not certified and who are assigned to a blasting crew or assist in the use of explosives receive direction and on-the-job training from a blaster.
            (b) The regulatory authority shall ensure that courses are available to train persons responsible for the use of explosives in surface coal mining operations. The courses shall provide training and discuss practical applications of—
            (1) Explosives, including—
            (i) Selection of the type of explosive to be used;
            (ii) Determination of the properties of explosives which will produce desired results at an acceptable level of risk; and
            (iii) Handling, transportation, and storage;
            (2) Blast designs, including—

            (i) Geologic and topographic considerations;
            (ii) Design of a blast hole, with critical dimensions;
            (iii) Pattern design, field layout, and timing of blast holes; and
            (iv) Field applications;
            (3) Loading blastholes, including priming and boostering;
            (4) Initiation systems and blasting machines;
            (5) Blasting vibrations, airblast, and flyrock, including—
            (i) Monitoring techniques, and
            (ii) Methods to control adverse affects;
            (6) Secondary blasting applications;
            (7) Current Federal and State rules applicable to the use of explosives;
            (8) Blast records;
            (9) Schedules;
            (10) Preblasting surveys, including—
            (i) Availability,
            (ii) Coverage, and
            (iii) Use of in-blast design;
            (11) Blast-plan requirements;
            (12) Certification and training;
            (13) Signs, warning signals, and site control;
            (14) Unpredictable hazards, including—
            (i) Lightning,
            (ii) Stray currents,
            (iii) Radio waves, and
            (iv) Misfires.

            § 850.14
            Examination.
            (a) The regulatory authority shall ensure that candidates for blaster certification are examined by reviewing and verifying the—
            (1) Competence of persons directly responsible for the use of explosives in surface coal mining operations through a written examination in technical aspects of blasting and State and Federal laws governing the storage, use, and transportation of explosives; and
            (2) Practical field experience of the candidates as necessary to qualify a person to accept the responsibility for blasting operations in surface coal mining operations. Such experience shall demonstrate that the candidate possesses practical knowledge of blasting techniques, understands the hazards involved in the use of explosives, and otherwise has exhibited a pattern of conduct consistent with the acceptance of responsibility for blasting operations.
            (b) Applicants for blaster certification shall be examined, at a minimum, in the topics set forth in § 850.13(b).

            § 850.15
            Certification.
            (a) Issuance of certification. The regulatory authority shall certify for a fixed period those candidates examined and found to be competent and to have the necessary experience to accept responsibility for blasting operations in surface coal mining operations.
            (b) Suspension and revocation. (1) The regulatory authority, when practicable, following written notice and opportunity for a hearing, may, and upon a finding of willful conduct, shall suspend or revoke the certification of a blaster during the term of the certification or take other necessary action for any of the following reasons:
            (i) Noncompliance with any order of the regulatory authority.
            (ii) Unlawful use in the work place of, or current addiction to, alcohol, narcotics, or other dangerous drugs.
            (iii) Violation of any provision of the State or Federal explosives laws or regulations.
            (iv) Providing false information or a misrepresentation to obtain certification.
            (2) If advance notice and opportunity for hearing cannot be provided, an opportunity for a hearing shall be provided as soon as practical following the suspension, revocation, or other adverse action.
            (3) Upon notice of a revocation, the blaster shall immediately surrender to the regulatory authority the revoked certificate.
            (c) Recertification. The regulatory authority may require the periodic reexamination, training, or other demonstration of continued blaster competency.
            (d) Protection of certification. Certified blasters shall take every reasonable precaution to protect their certificates from loss, theft, or unauthorized duplication. Any such occurrence shall be reported immediately to the certifying authority.

            (e) Conditions. The regulatory authority shall specify conditions for maintaining certification which shall include the following:
            (1) A blaster shall immediately exhibit his or her certificate to any authorized representative of the regulatory authority or the Office upon request.
            (2) Blasters' certifications shall not be assigned or transferred.
            (3) Blasters shall not delegate their responsibility to any individual who is not a certified blaster.

        SUBCHAPTERS N-O [RESERVED]

        SUBCHAPTER P—PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES

          Pt. 865
          PART 865—PROTECTION OF EMPLOYEES

            Sec.
            865.1
            Scope.
            865.11
            Protected activity.
            865.12
            Procedures for filing an application for review of discrimination.
            865.13
            Investigation and conference procedures.
            865.14
            Request for hearing.
            865.15
            Formal adjudicatory proceedings.

            Authority:
            Secs. 201, 501, 502 and 703, Pub. L. 95-87, 91 Stat. 445 (30 U.S.C. 1201.)

            Source:
            42 FR 62712, Dec. 13, 1977, unless otherwise noted. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979.

            § 865.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes procedures regarding—
            (a) The reporting of acts of discriminatory discharge or other acts of discrimation under the Act caused by any person. Forms of discrimination include, but are not limited to: Firing, suspension, transfer or demotion, denial or reduction of wages and benefits, coercion by promises of benefits or threats of reprisal, and interference with the exercise of any rights afforded under the Act:
            (b) The investigation of applications for review and holding of informal conferences about the alleged discrimination; and
            (c) The request for formal hearings with the Office of Hearings and Appeals.

            § 865.11
            Protected activity.
            (a) No person shall discharge or in any other way discriminate against or cause to be fired or discriminated against any employee or any authorized representative of employees because that employee or representative has—
            (1) Filed, instituted or caused to be filed or instituted any proceedings under the Act by—
            (i) Reporting alleged violations or dangers to the Secretary, the State Regulatory Authority, or the employer or his representative.
            (ii) Requesting an inspection or investigation; or
            (iii) Taking any other action which may result in a proceeding under the Act.
            (2) Made statements, testified, or is about to do so—
            (i) In any informal or formal adjudicatory proceeding;
            (ii) In any informal conference proceeding;
            (iii) In any rulemaking proceeding;
            (iv) In any investigation, inspection or other proceeding under the Act;
            (v) In any judicial proceeding under the Act.
            (3) Has exercised on his own behalf or on behalf of others any right granted by the Act.
            (b) Each employer conducting operations which are regulated under this Act, shall within 30 days from the effective day of these regulations, provide a copy of this part to all current employees and to all new employees at the time of their hiring.
            [42 FR 62712, Dec. 13, 1977; 43 FR 2722, Jan. 19, 1978. Redesignated at 44 FR 15312, Mar. 13, 1979]

            § 865.12
            Procedures for filing an application for review of discrimination.
            (a) Who may file. Any employee, or any authorized representative of employees, who believes that he has been discriminated against by any person in violation of § 865.11(a) of this part may file an application for review. For the purpose of these regulations, an application for review means the presentation of a written report of discrimination stating the reasons why the person believes he has been discriminated against and the facts surrounding the alleged discrimination.
            (b) Where to file. The employee or representative may file the application for review at any location of the Office and each office shall maintain a log of all filing.
            (c) Time for filing. The employee or representative shall file an application for review within 30 days after the alleged discrimination occurs. An application is considered filed—

            (1) On the date delivered if delivered a person to the Office, or
            (2) On the date mailed to the Office.
            (d) Running of the time of filing. The time for filing begins when the employee knows or has reason to know of the alleged discriminatory activity.

            § 865.13
            Investigation and conference procedures.
            (a) Within 7 days after receipt of any application for review, the Office shall mail a copy of the application for review to the person alleged to have caused the discrimination, shall file the application for review with the Office of Hearings and Appeals and shall notify the employee and the alleged discriminating person that the Office will investigate the complaint. The alleged discriminating person may file a response to the application for review within 10 days after he receives the copy of the application for review. The response shall specifically admit, deny or explain each of the facts alleged in the application unless the alleged discriminating person is without knowledge in which case he shall so state.
            (b) The Office shall initiate an investigation of the alleged discrimination with 30 days after receipt of the application for review. The Office shall complete the investigation with 60 days of the date of the receipt of the application for review. If circumstances surrounding the investigation prevent completion within the 60-day period, the Office shall notify the person who filed the application for review and the alleged discriminating person of the delay, the reason for the delay, and the expected completion date for the investigation.
            (c) Within 7 days after completion of the investigation the Office shall invite the parties to an informal conference to discuss the findings and preliminary conclusions of the investigation. The purpose of the informal conference is to attempt to conciliate the matter. If a complaint is resovled at an informal conference, the terms of the agreement will be recorded in a written document that will be signed by the alleged discriminating person, the employee and the representative of the Office. If the Office concludes on the basis of a subsequent investigation that any party to the agreement has failed in any material respect to comply with the terms of any agreement reached during an informal conference, the Office shall take appropriate action to obtain compliance with the agreement.
            (d) Following the investigation and any informal conference held, the Office shall complete a report of investigation which shall include a summary of the results of the conference. Copies of this report shall be available to the parties in the case.

            § 865.14
            Request for hearing.
            (a) If the Office determines that a violation of this part has probably occurred and was not resolved at an informal conference, the Director shall request a hearing on the employee's behalf before the Office of Hearings and Appeals within 10 days of the scheduled informal hearing. the parties shall be notified of the detemination. If the Director declines to request a hearing the employee shall be notified within 10 days of the scheduled informal conference and informed of his right to request a hearing on his own behalf.
            (b) The employee may request a hearing with the Office of Hearings and Appeals after 60 days have elapsed from the filing of his application.

            § 865.15
            Formal adjudicatory proceedings.
            (a) Formal adjudication of a complaint filed under this part shall be conducted in the Office of Hearings and Appeals under 43 CFR part 4.
            (b) A hearing shall be held as promptly as possible consistent with the opportunity for discovery provided for under 43 CFR part 4.

            (c) Upon a finding of violation of § 865.11 of this part, the Secretary shall order the appropriate affirmative relief including, but not limited to, the rehiring or reinstatement of the employee or representative of employees to his former position with compensation. At the request of the employee a sum equal to the aggregate amount of all costs and expenses including attorneys' fees which have been reasonably incurred by the employee for, or in connection with, the institution and prosecution of the proceedings shall be assessed against the person committing the violation.
            (d) On or after 10 days after filing an application for review under this part the Secretary or the employee may seek temporary relief in the Office of Hearings and Appeals under 43 CFR part 4.

        SUBCHAPTER R—ABANDONED MINE LAND RECLAMATION

          Pt. 870
          PART 870—ABANDONED MINE RECLAMATION FUND—FEE COLLECTION AND COAL PRODUCTION REPORTING

            Sec.
            870.1
            Scope.
            870.5
            Definitions.
            870.10
            Information collection.
            870.11
            Applicability.
            870.12
            Reclamation fee.
            870.13
            Fee rates.
            870.14
            Determination of percentage-based fees.
            870.15
            Reclamation fee payment.
            870.16
            Acceptable payment methods.
            870.17
            Filing the OSM-1 Form.
            870.18
            General rules for calculating excess moisture.
            870.19
            How to calculate excess moisture in HIGH-rank coals.
            870.20
            How to calculate excess moisture in LOW-rank coals.
            870.21
            Late payments.
            870.22
            Maintaining required production records.
            870.23
            Consequences of noncompliance.

            Authority:
            28 U.S.C. 1746, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq., and Pub. L. 105-277.

            Source:
            47 FR 28593, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 870.1
            Scope.
            This part sets out our procedures to collect fees for the Fund and to report coal production.
            [73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this Part—

              Anthracite, bituminous and subbituminous coal means all coals other than lignite coal.

              Calendar quarter means a 3-month period within a calendar year. The first calendar quarter begins on January 1 of the calendar year and ends on the last day of March. The second calendar quarter begins on the first day of April and ends on the last day of June. The third calendar quarter begins on the first day of July and ends on the last day of September. The fourth calendar quarter begins on the first day of October and ends on the last day of December.

              Excess moisture means the difference between total moisture and inherent moisture, calculated according to § 870.19 for high-rank coals or the difference between total moisture and inherent moisture calculated according to § 870.20 for low-rank coals.

              Expended means that moneys have been obligated, encumbered, or committed for reclamation by contract by the OSM, State, or Tribe for work to be accomplished or services to be rendered.

              Fee compliance officer means any person authorized by the Secretary to exercise authority in matters relating to this part.

              In situ coal mining means activities conducted on the surface or underground in connection with in-place distillation, retorting, leaching or other chemical or physical processing of coal. The term includes, but is not limited to, in situ gasification, in situ leaching, slurry mining, solution mining, bore hole mining, and fluid recovery mining. At this time, part 870 considers only in situ gasification.

              Inherent moisture means moisture that exists as an integral part of the coal seam in its natural state, including water in pores, but excluding that present in macroscopically visible fractures, as determined according to § 870.19(a) or § 870.20(a).

              Lignite coal means consolidated lignite coal having less than 8,300 British thermal units per pound, moist and mineral-matter-free. Moist, mineral-matter free British thermal units per pound are determined by Parr's formula, equation 3, on page 222 of “Standard Specification for Classification of Coals by Rank,” in American Society for Testing and Materials ASTM D 388-77 (Philadelphia, 1977). Parr's formula follows:

            Moist, Mn-Free Btu=
            (Bu−50S)/[100−(1.08A + 0.55S)] × 100

              where:

              Mn = Mineral matter
              Btu = British thermal units per pound (calorific value)
              A = percentage of ash, and
              S = percentage of sulfur

              “Moist” refers to coal containing its natural inherent or bed moisture, but not including water adhering to the surface of the coal.

              Mineral owner means any person or entity owning 10 percent or more of the mineral estate for a permit. If no single mineral owner meets the 10 percent rule, then the largest single mineral owner shall be considered to be the mineral owner. If there are several persons who have successively transferred the mineral rights, information shall be provided on the last owner(s) in the chain prior to the permittee, i.e. the person or persons who have granted the permittee the right to extract the coal.

              Reclaimed coal means coal recovered from a deposit that is not in its original geological location, such as refuse piles or culm banks or retaining dams and ponds that are or have been used during the mining or preparation process, and stream coal deposits. Reclaimed coal operations are considered to be surface coal mining operations for fee liability and calculation purposes.

              Surface coal mining means the extraction of coal from the earth by removing the materals over the coal seam before recovering the coal and includes auger coal mining. For purposes of subchapter R, reclaiming coal operations are considered surface coal mining.

              Ton means 2,000 pounds avoirdupois (0.90718 metric ton).

              Total moisture means the measure of weight loss in an air atmosphere under rigidly controlled conditions of temperature, time and air flow, as determined according to either § 870.19(a) or § 870.20(a).

              Underground coal mining means the extraction of coal from the earth by developing entries from the surface to the coal seam before recovering the coal by underground extraction methods, and includes in situ mining.

              Value means gross value at the time of initial bona fide sale, transfer of ownership, or use by the operator, but does not include the reclamation fee required by this part.
            [47 FR 28593, June 30, 1982, as amended at 53 FR 19726, May 27, 1988; 59 FR 28168, May 31, 1994; 60 FR 9980, Feb. 22, 1995; 62 FR 60142, Nov. 6, 1997; 73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 870 and the OSM-1 Form and assigned control number 1029-0063. The information is used to maintain a record of coal produced nationwide each calendar quarter, the method of coal removal, the type of coal, and the basis for coal tonnage reporting. Persons must respond to meet the requirements of SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.11
            Applicability.
            The regulations in this part apply to all surface and underground coal mining operations except—
            (a) The extraction of coal by a landowner for his own noncommercial use from land owned or leased by him;
            (b) The extraction of coal as an incidental part of Federal, State, or local government-financed highway or other construction;
            (c) The extraction of coal incidental to the extraction of other minerals where coal does not exceed 162/3 percent of the total tonnage of coal and other minerals removed for commercial use or sale
            (1) In accordance with part 702 of this chapter for Federal program States and on Indian lands or
            (2) In any twelve consecutive months in a State with an approved State program until counterpart regulations pursuant to part 702 of this chapter have been incorporated into the State program and in accordance with such counterpart regulations, thereafter; and
            (d) The extraction of less than 250 tons of coal within twelve consecutive months.
            [47 FR 28593, June 30, 1982, as amended at 54 FR 52123, Dec. 20, 1989; 54 FR 52123, Dec. 20, 1989; 73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.12
            Reclamation fee.

            (a) The operator shall pay a reclamation fee on each ton of coal produced for sale, transfer, or use, including the products of in situ mining.
            (b) The fee shall be determined by the weight and value at the time of initial bona fide sale, transfer of ownership, or use by the operator.
            (1) The initial bona fide sale, transfer of ownership, or use shall be determined by the first transaction or use of the coal by the operator immediately after it is severed, or removed from a reclaimed coal refuse deposit.
            (2) The value of the coal shall be determined F.O.B. mine.
            (3) The weight of each ton shall be determined by the actual gross weight of the coal.
            (i) Impurities that have not been removed prior to the time of initial bona fide sale, transfer of ownership, or use by the operator, excluding excess moisture for which a reduction has been taken pursuant to § 870.18, shall not be deducted from the gross weight.
            (ii) Operators selling coal on a clean coal basis shall retain records that show run-of-mine tonnage, and the basis for the clean coal transaction.
            (iii) Insufficient records shall subject the operator to fees based on raw tonnage data.
            (c) If the operator combines surface mined coal, including reclaimed coal, with underground mined coal before the coal is weighed for fee purposes, the higher reclamation fee shall apply, unless the operator can substantiate the amount of coal produced by surface mining by acceptable engineering calculations or other reports which the Director may require.
            (d) The reclamation fee shall be paid after the end of each calendar quarter beginning with the calendar quarter starting October 1, 1977.
            [47 FR 28593, June 30, 1982, as amended at 53 FR 19726, May 27, 1988; 59 FR 28169, May 31, 1994; 69 FR 56130, Sept. 17, 2004]

            § 870.13
            Fee rates.
            (a) Fees for coal produced for sale, transfer, or use through September 30, 2007—(1) Surface mining fees. The fee for anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous coal, including reclaimed coal, is 35 cents per ton unless the value of such coal is less than $3.50 per ton, in which case the fee is 10 percent of the value.
            (2) Underground mining fees. The fee for anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous coal is 15 cents per ton unless the value of such coal is less than $1.50 per ton, in which case the fee is 10 percent of the value.
            (3) Surface and underground mining fees for lignite coal. The fee for lignite coal is 10 cents per ton unless the value of such coal is less than $5.00 per ton, in which case the fee charged is 2 percent of the value.
            (4) In situ coal mining fees. The fee for in situ mined coal, except lignite coal, is 15 cents per ton based on Btu's per ton in place equated to the gas produced at the site as certified through analysis by an independent laboratory. The fee for in situ mined lignite is 10 cents per ton based on the Btu's per ton of coal in place equated to the gas produced at the site as certified through analysis by an independent laboratory.
            (b) Fees for coal produced for sale, transfer, or use from October 1, 2007, through September 30, 2012. Fees for coal produced for sale, transfer, or use from October 1, 2007, through September 30, 2012, are shown in the following table:

                Type of fee
                Type of coal
                Amount of fee

                (1) Surface mining fee
                Anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous, including reclaimed
                (i) If value of coal is $3.15 per ton or more, fee is 31.5 cents per ton.(ii) If value of coal is less than $3.15 per ton, fee is 10 percent of the value.

                (2) Underground mining fee
                Anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous
                (i) If value of coal is $1.35 per ton or more, fee is 13.5 cents per ton.

                (ii) If value of coal is less than $1.35 per ton, fee is 10 percent of the value.

                (3) Surface and underground mining fee
                Lignite
                (i) If value of coal is $4.50 per ton or more, fee is 9 cents per ton.(ii) If value of coal is less than $4.50 per ton, fee is 2 percent of the value.

                (4) In situ coal mining fee
                All types other than lignite
                13.5 cents per ton based on Btu's per ton in place equated to the gas produced at the site as certified through analysis by an independent laboratory.

                (5) In situ coal mining fee
                Lignite
                9 cents per ton based on the Btu's per ton of coal in place equated to the gas produced at the site as certified through analysis by an independent laboratory.

            (c) Fees for coal produced for sale, transfer, or use from October 1, 2012, through September 30, 2021. The fees for coal produced for sale, transfer, or use from October 1, 2012, through September 30, 2021, are shown in the following table:

                Type of fee
                Type of coal
                Amount of fee

                (1) Surface mining fee
                Anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous, including reclaimed coal
                (i) If value of coal is $2.80 per ton or more, fee is 28 cents per ton.(ii) If value of coal is less than $2.80 per ton, fee is 10 percent of the value.

                (2) Underground mining fee
                Anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous
                (i) If value of coal is $1.20 per ton or more, fee is 12 cents per ton.

                (ii) If value of coal is less than $1.20 per ton, fee is 10 percent of the value.

                (3) Surface and underground mining fee
                Lignite
                (i) If value of coal is $4.00 per ton or more, fee is 8 cents per ton.

                (ii) If value of coal is less than $4.00 per ton, fee is 2 percent of the value.

                (4) In situ coal mining fee
                All types other than lignite
                12 cents per ton based on Btu's per ton in place equated to the gas produced at the site as certified through analysis by an independent laboratory.

                (5) In situ coal mining fee
                Lignite
                8 cents per ton based on the Btu's per ton of coal in place equated to the gas produced at the site as certified through analysis by an independent laboratory.

            [47 FR 28593, June 30, 1982, as amended at 69 FR 56130, Sept. 17, 2004; 73 FR 67631, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.14
            Determination of percentage-based fees.
            (a) If you pay a fee based on a percentage of the value of coal, you must include documentation supporting the claimed coal value with your fee payment and production report. We may review this information and any additional documentation we may require, including examination of your books and records. We may accept the valuation you claim, or we may determine another value of the coal.
            (b) If we determine that a higher fee must be paid, you must pay the additional fee together with interest computed under § 870.21.
            [73 FR 67632, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.15
            Reclamation fee payment.
            (a) You must pay the reclamation fee based on calendar quarter tonnage no later than 30 days after the end of each calendar quarter.
            (b) Along with any fee payment due, you must submit to us a completed Coal Sales and Reclamation Fee Report (OSM-1 Form). You can file the OSM-1 Form either in paper format or in electronic format as specified in § 870.17. On the OSM-1 Form, you must report:
            (1) The tonnage of coal sold, used, or transferred;
            (2) The name and address of any person or entity who is the owner of 10 percent or more of the mineral estate for a given permit; and
            (3) The name and address of any person or entity who purchases 10 percent or more of the production from a given permit, during the applicable quarter.

            (c) If no single mineral owner or purchaser meets the 10 percent criterion in paragraphs (b)(2) and (b)(3) of this section, then you must report the name and address of the largest single mineral owner and purchaser. If several persons have successively transferred the mineral rights, you must include on the OSM-1 Form information on the last owner(s) in the chain before the permittee, i.e. the person or persons who have granted the permittee the right to extract the coal.
            (d) At the time of reporting, you may designate the information required by paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section as confidential.
            [73 FR 67632, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.16
            Acceptable payment methods.
            (a) If you owe total quarterly reclamation fees of $25,000 or more for one or more mines, you must:
            (1) Use an electronic fund transfer mechanism approved by the U.S. Department of the Treasury;
            (2) Forward payments by electronic transfer;
            (3) Include the applicable Master Entity No.(s) (Part 1-Block 4 on the OSM-1 Form), and OSM Document No.(s) (Part 1-upper right corner of the OSM-1 Form) on the wire message; and
            (4) Use our approved form or approved electronic form to report coal tonnage sold, used, or for which ownership was transferred to the address indicated in the Instructions for Completing the OSM-1 Form.
            (b) If you owe less than $25,000 in quarterly reclamation fees for one or more mines, you may:
            (1) Forward payments by electronic transfer in accordance with the procedures specified in paragraph (a) of this section; or
            (2) Submit a check or money order payable to the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement in the same envelope with the OSM-1 Form to: Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, P.O. Box 360095M, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15251.
            (c) If you pay more than $25,000 by a method other than an electronic fund transfer mechanism approved by the U.S. Department of the Treasury, you will be in violation of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, as amended.
            [73 FR 67632, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.17
            Filing the OSM-1 Form.
            (a) Filing an OSM-1 Form electronically. You may submit a quarterly electronic OSM-1 Form in place of a quarterly paper OSM-1 Form. Submitting the OSM-1 Form electronically is optional. If you submit your form electronically, you must use a methodology and medium approved by us and do one of the following:
            (1) Maintain a properly notarized paper copy of the identical OSM-1 Form for review and approval by our Fee Compliance auditors (in order to comply with the notary requirement in SMCRA); or
            (2) Submit an electronically signed and dated statement made under penalty of perjury that the information contained in the OSM-1 Form is true and correct.
            (b) Filing a paper OSM-1 Form. Alternatively, you may submit a quarterly paper OSM-1 Form. If you choose to submit your form on paper, you must do one of the following:
            (1) Submit a properly notarized copy of the OSM-1 Form; or
            (2) Submit the OSM-1 Form with a signed and dated statement made under penalty of perjury that the information contained in the form is true and correct. Under the unsworn statement option, you must sign the following statement: “I declare under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct. Executed on [date].”
            [73 FR 67632, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.18
            General rules for calculating excess moisture.
            If you are an operator who mined coal after June 1988, you may deduct the weight of excess moisture in the coal to determine reclamation fees you owe under 30 CFR 870.12(b)(3)(i). Excess moisture is the difference between total moisture and inherent moisture. To calculate excess moisture in HIGH-rank coal, follow § 870.19. To calculate excess moisture in LOW-rank coal, follow § 870.20. Report your calculations on the OSM-1 form, Coal Reclamation Fee Report, for every calendar quarter in which you claim a deduction. Some cautions:

            (a) You or your customer may do any test required by §§ 870.19 and 870.20. But whoever does a test, you are to keep test results and all related records for at least six years after the test date.

            (b) If OSM disallows any or all of an allowance for excess moisture, you must submit an additional fee plus interest computed according to § 870.21(a) and penalties computed according to § 870.21(c).

            (c) The following definitions are applicable to §§ 870.19 and 870.20. ASTM standards D4596-93, Standard Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine; D5192-91, Standard Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core; and, D1412-93, Standard Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30 °C are incorporated by reference as published in the 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 05.05. The Director of the Federal Register approved this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Each applicable ASTM standard is incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in it will be published in the Federal Register. You may obtain copies from the ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428. A copy of the ASTM standards is available for inspection at the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, Room 101, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.

            (1) As-shipped coal means raw or prepared coal that is loaded for shipment from the mine or loading facility.
            (2) Blended coal means coals of various qualities and predetermined quantities mixed to control the final product.
            (3) Channel sample means a sample of coal collected according to ASTM standard D4596-93 from a channel extending from the top to the bottom of a coal seam.
            (4) Commingled coal means coal from different sources and/or types combined prior to shipment or use.
            (5) Core sample means a cylindrical sample of coal that represents the thickness of a coal seam penetrated by drilling according to ASTM standard D5192-91.
            (6) Correction factor means the difference between the equilibrium moisture and the inherent moisture in low rank coals for the purpose of § 870.20(a).
            (7) Equilibrium moisture means the moisture in the coal as determined through ASTM standard D1412-93.
            (8) High-rank coals means anthracite, bituminous, and subbituminous A and B coals.
            (9) Low-rank coals means subbituminous C and lignite coals.
            (10) Slurry pond means any natural or artificial pond or lagoon used for the settlement and draining of the solids from the slurry resulting from the coal washing process.
            (11) Tipple coal means coal from a mine or loading facility that is ready for shipment.
            [62 FR 60142, Nov. 6, 1997, as amended at 73 FR 67633, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.19
            How to calculate excess moisture in HIGH-rank coals.

            Here are the requirements for calculating the excess moisture in high-rank coals for a calendar quarter. ASTM standards D2234-89, Standard Test Methods for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal; D3302-91, Standard Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal; D5192-91, Standard Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core; D1412-93, Standard Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30 °C; and, D4596-93, Standard Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine are incorporated by reference as published in the 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 05.05. The Director of the Federal Register approved this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Each applicable ASTM standard is incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in it will be published in the Federal Register. You may obtain copies from the ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428. A copy of the ASTM standards is available for inspection at the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, Room 101, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.

            (a)(1) Calculate the excess moisture percentage using one of these equations:

              ER06NO97.000

            (2) EM equals excess moisture percentage. TM equals total as-shipped moisture percentage calculated according to Table 1 of this section. IM equals inherent moisture percentage calculated according to Table 2 of this section.
            (b) Multiply the excess moisture percentage by the tonnage from the bonafide sales, transfers of ownership, or uses by the operator during the quarter.

              ER06NO97.001

              ER06NO97.002

            [62 FR 60143, Nov. 6, 1997]

            § 870.20
            How to calculate excess moisture in LOW-rank coals.

            Here are the requirements for calculating the excess moisture in low-rank coals for a calendar quarter. ASTM standards D2234-89, Standard Test Methods for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal; D3302-91, Standard Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal; and, D1412-93, Standard Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30 °C are incorporated by reference as published in the 1994 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Volume 05.05. The Director of the Federal Register approved this incorporation by reference in accordance with 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Each applicable ASTM standard is incorporated as it exists on the date of the approval, and a notice of any change in it will be published in the Federal Register. You may obtain copies from the ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428. A copy of the ASTM standards is available for inspection at the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Administrative Record, Room 101, 1951 Constitution Avenue, NW., Washington, DC, or at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http://www.archives.gov/federal_register/code_of_federal_regulations/ibr_locations.html.

            (a)(1) Calculate the excess moisture percentage using one of these equations:

              ER06NO97.003

            (2) EM equals excess moisture percentage. TM equals total as-shipped moisture percentage calculated according to Table 1 of this section. IM equals inherent moisture percentage calculated according to Tables 2 and 3 of this section.
            (b) Multiply the excess moisture percentage by the tonnage from the bona fide sales, transfers of ownership, or uses by the operator during the quarter.

              ER06No97.004

              ER06NO97.005

              ER06NO97.006

            [62 FR 60146, Nov. 6, 1997, as amended at 75 FR 60276, Sept. 29, 2010]

            § 870.21
            Late payments.

            (a) Fee payments postmarked later than 30 days after the calendar quarter for which the fee was owed are subject to interest. Late reclamation fee payments are subject to interest at the rate established by the U.S. Department of the Treasury for late charges on payments to the Federal Government. The Treasury current value of funds rate is published annually in the Federal Register and on Treasury's Web site.

            (b) We will charge interest on unpaid reclamation fees from the 31st day following the end of the calendar quarter for which the fee payment is owed to the date of payment. If you are delinquent, we will bill you monthly and initiate whatever action is necessary to collect full payment of all fees and interest.
            (c) When a reclamation fee debt is more than 91 days overdue, a 6 percent annual penalty on the amount owed for fees will begin and will run until the date of payment. This penalty is in addition to the interest described in paragraph (a) of this section.
            (d) For all delinquent fees, interest, and penalties, you must pay a processing and handling charge that we will set based upon the following components:
            (1) For debts referred to a collection agency, the amount charged to us by the collection agency;
            (2) For debts we processed and handled, a standard amount we set annually based upon similar charges by collection agencies for debt collection;
            (3) For debts referred to the Office of the Solicitor within the U.S. Department of the Interior, but paid before litigation, the estimated average cost to prepare the case for litigation as of the time of payment;
            (4) For debts referred to the Office of the Solicitor within the U.S. Department of the Interior, and litigated, the estimated cost to prepare and litigate a debt case as of the time of payment; and
            (5) If not otherwise provided for, all other administrative expenses associated with collection, including, but not limited to, billing, recording payments, and follow-up actions.
            (e) We will not charge prejudgment interest on any processing and handling charges.
            [73 FR 67633, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.22
            Maintaining required production records.
            (a) If you engage in or conduct a surface coal mining operation, you must maintain up-to-date records that contain at least the following information:
            (1) The tons of coal you produced, bought, sold, or transferred, the amount of money you received per ton, the name of person to whom you sold or transferred the coal, and the date of each sale or transfer;
            (2) The tons of coal you used and your date of your consumption;
            (3) The tons of coal you stockpiled or inventoried that are not classified as sold for fee computation purposes under § 870.12; and
            (4) For in situ coal mining operations, the total Btu value of gas you produced, the Btu value of a ton of coal in a place certified at least semiannually by an independent laboratory, and the amount of money you received for gas sold, transferred, or used.
            (b) We must have access to your records of any surface coal mining operation for review. Your records must be available to us at reasonable times.
            (c) We may inspect and copy any of your books or records that are necessary to substantiate the accuracy of your OSM-1 Form and payments. If the fee is paid at the maximum rate, we will not copy information relative to price. We will protect all copied information as authorized or required by the Privacy Act (5 U.S.C. 552a) and the Freedom of Information Act (5 U.S.C. 552).
            (d) You must maintain your books and records for 6 years from the end of the calendar quarter in which the fee was due or paid, whichever is later.
            (e) If you do not maintain or make available your books and records as required in this section, we will estimate the fee due under this part through use of average production figures based upon the nature and acreage of your coal mining operation.
            (1) We will assess the fee at the amount we estimate plus an additional 20 percent to account for possible error in our fee liability estimate.
            (2) After you receive our fee liability estimate, you may request that we revise that estimate based upon your information. However, you must demonstrate that our fee liability estimate is incorrect. You may do this by providing adequate documentation that we find to be acceptable and comparable to the information required in § 870.19(a).
            [73 FR 67633, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 870.23
            Consequences of noncompliance.

            If you do not maintain adequate records, provide us with access to records of a surface coal mining operation, or pay overdue reclamation fees, including interest on late payments or underpayments, we may take one or more of the following actions:
            (a) Start a legal action against you;
            (b) Report you to the Internal Revenue Service;
            (c) Report you to State agencies responsible for taxation;
            (d) Report you to credit bureaus;
            (e) Refer you to collection agencies; or
            (f) Take some other appropriate action against you.
            [73 FR 67633, Nov. 14, 2008]

          Pt. 872
          PART 872—MONEYS AVAILABLE TO ELIGIBLE STATES AND INDIAN TRIBES

            Sec.
            872.1
            What does this Part do?
            872.5
            Definitions.
            872.10
            Information collection.
            872.11
            Where do moneys in the Fund come from?
            872.12
            Where do moneys distributed from the Fund and other sources go?
            872.13
            What moneys does OSM distribute each year?
            872.14
            What are State share funds?
            872.15
            How does OSM distribute and award State share funds?
            872.16
            Are there any restrictions on how States may use State share funds?
            872.17
            What are Tribal share Funds?
            872.18
            How does OSM distribute and award Tribal share funds?
            872.19
            Are there any restrictions on how Indian tribes may use Tribal share funds?
            872.20
            What will OSM do with unappropriated AML funds currently allocated to the Rural Abandoned Mine Program?
            872.21
            What are historic coal funds?
            872.22
            How does OSM distribute and award historic coal funds?
            872.23
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use historic coal funds?
            872.24
            What are Federal expense funds?
            872.25
            Are there any restrictions on how OSM may use Federal expense funds?
            872.26
            What are minimum program make up funds?
            872.27
            How does OSM distribute and award minimum program make up funds?
            872.28
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use minimum program make up funds?
            872.29
            What are prior balance replacement funds?
            872.30
            How does OSM distribute and award prior balance replacement funds?
            872.31
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use prior balance replacement funds?
            872.32
            What are certified in lieu funds?
            872.33
            How does OSM distribute and award certified in lieu funds?
            872.34
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use certified in lieu funds?
            872.35
            When will OSM reduce the amount of prior balance replacement funds or certified in lieu funds distributed to you?

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            73 FR 67634, Nov. 14, 2008, unless otherwise noted.

            § 872.1
            What does this part do?
            This part sets forth procedures and general responsibilities for managing funds received under Title IV of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977, as amended.

            § 872.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Allocate means to identify moneys in our records at the time they are received by the Fund. The allocation process identifies moneys in the Fund by the type of funds collected, including the specific State or Indian tribal share.

              Award means to approve our grant agreement authorizing you to draw down and expend program funds.

              Distribute means to annually assign funds to a specific State or Indian tribe. After distribution, funds are available for award in a grant to that specific State or Indian tribe.

              Indian Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund or Indian Fund means a separate fund that an Indian tribe established to account for moneys we award under parts 885 or 886 of this chapter or other moneys these regulations authorize to be deposited in the Indian Fund.

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.

              State Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund or State Fund means a separate fund that a State established to account for moneys we award under parts 885 or 886 of this chapter or other moneys these regulations authorize to be deposited in the State Fund.

            § 872.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 872 and assigned it control number 1029-0054. The information is used to determine whether States and Indian tribes will be granted funds for reclamation activities. States and Indian tribes must respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.

            § 872.11
            Where do moneys in the Fund come from?
            Revenue to the Fund includes—
            (a) Reclamation fees we collect under section 402 of SMCRA and part 870 of this chapter;
            (b) Amounts we collect from charges for use of land acquired or reclaimed with moneys from the Fund under part 879 of this chapter;
            (c) Moneys we recover through satisfaction of liens filed against privately owned lands reclaimed with moneys from the Fund under part 882 of this chapter;
            (d) Moneys we recover from the sale of lands acquired with moneys from the Fund or by donation;
            (e) Moneys donated to us for the purpose of abandoned mine land reclamation; and
            (f) Interest and any other income earned from investment of the Fund. We will credit interest and other income only to the Secretary's share.

            § 872.12
            Where do moneys distributed from the Fund and other sources go?
            (a) Each State or Indian tribe with an approved reclamation plan must establish an account to be known as a State or Indian Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund. These funds will be managed in accordance with the OMB Circular A-102.
            (b) Revenue for the State and Indian Abandoned Mine Reclamation Funds will include—
            (1) Amounts we granted for purposes of conducting the approved reclamation plan;
            (2) Moneys collected from charges for uses of land acquired or reclaimed with moneys from the State or Indian Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund under part 879 of this chapter;
            (3) Moneys recovered through the satisfaction of liens filed against privately owned lands;
            (4) Moneys the State or Indian tribe recovered from the sale of lands acquired under Title IV of SMCRA; and
            (5) Such other moneys as the State or Indian tribe decides should be deposited in the State or Indian Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund for use in carrying out the approved reclamation program.
            (c) Moneys deposited in State or Indian Abandoned Mine Reclamation Funds must be used to carry out the reclamation plan approved under part 884 of this chapter and projects approved under § 886.27 of this chapter.

            § 872.13
            What moneys does OSM distribute each year?
            (a) Under Title IV of SMCRA, each Federal fiscal year we must distribute to you, the States and Indian tribes with approved reclamation plans, the moneys listed in this section. We distribute all Fund moneys and other moneys from the Treasury that have been designated for mandatory distribution. We provide information to you showing how we calculated your distribution. We distribute the following moneys:
            (1) State share funds to uncertified States as described in § 872.14;
            (2) Tribal share funds to uncertified Indian tribes as described in § 872.17;
            (3) Historic coal funds to uncertified States and Indian tribes as described in § 872.21;
            (4) Minimum program make up funds to eligible uncertified States and Indian tribes as described in § 872.26;
            (5) Prior balance replacement funds to certified and uncertified States and Indian tribes as described in § 872.29; and
            (6) Certified in lieu funds to certified States and Indian tribes as described in § 872.32.

            (b) We calculate annual fee collections for coal produced in the previous Federal fiscal year on a net cash basis. This means that we use collections that are paid for the current Federal fiscal year to adjust fees that were overpaid or underpaid in prior fiscal years.
            (c) We distribute any Congressionally-appropriated funds for grants to you out of the Federal expense funds when the appropriation becomes available.
            (d) You may apply for any or all distributed funds at any time after the distribution using the procedures in part 885 of this chapter for certified States and Indian tribes or part 886 for uncertified States and Indian tribes.

            § 872.14
            What are State share funds?
            “State share funds” are moneys we distribute to you from your State share of the Fund each Federal fiscal year under section 402(g)(1)(A) of SMCRA. Your State share of the Fund is 50 percent of the reclamation fees we collected from within your State (excluding fees collected on Indian lands) and allocated to you, the State, in the Fund for coal produced in the previous fiscal year.

            § 872.15
            How does OSM distribute and award State share funds?
            (a) To be eligible to receive State share funds, you must meet the following criteria:
            (1) You must have and maintain an approved reclamation plan under part 884 of this chapter; and
            (2) You cannot be certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA.
            (b) If you meet the eligibility requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, we will distribute and award these State share funds to you as follows:
            (1) We annually distribute State share funds to you as shown in the following table:

                For the Federal fiscal year(s) beginning . . .
                The amount of State share funds we annually distribute to you will be . . .

                (i) October 1, 2007 and October 1, 2008
                50 percent of your 50 percent share of reclamation fees collected on prior fiscal year coal production.

                (ii) October 1, 2009 and October 1, 2010
                75 percent of your 50 percent share of reclamation fees collected on prior fiscal year coal production.

                (iii) October 1, 2011 and continuing through September 30, 2022
                100 percent of your 50 percent share of reclamation fees collected on prior fiscal year coal production.

                (iv) October 1, 2022 (fiscal year 2023)
                The amount remaining in your State share of the Fund.

            (2) We award these funds to you in grants according to the provisions of part 886 of this chapter.

            § 872.16
            Are there any restrictions on how States may use State share funds?
            Yes. You may only use State share funds for:
            (a) Coal reclamation under § 874.12 of this chapter;
            (b) Water supply restoration under § 874.14 of this chapter;
            (c) Noncoal reclamation under § 875.12 of this chapter that is requested under section 409(c) of SMCRA;
            (d) Deposit into an acid mine drainage abatement and treatment fund under part 876 of this chapter;
            (e) Land acquisition under § 879.11 of this chapter; and
            (f) Maintenance of the AML inventory under section 403(c) of SMCRA.

            § 872.17
            What are Tribal share funds?
            “Tribal share funds” are moneys we distribute to you from your Tribal share of the Fund each Federal fiscal year under section 402(g)(1)(B) of SMCRA. Your Tribal share of the Fund is 50 percent of the reclamation fees we collected and allocated to you, the Indian tribe(s), in the Fund for coal produced in the previous fiscal year from the Indian lands in which you have an interest.

            § 872.18
            How will OSM distribute and award Tribal share funds?
            (a) To be eligible to receive Tribal share funds, you must meet the following criteria:
            (1) You must have and maintain an approved reclamation plan under part 884 of this chapter; and
            (2) You cannot be certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA.

            (b) If you meet the eligibility requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, we will distribute and award these Tribal share funds to you as follows:

            (1) We annually distribute Tribal share funds to you as shown in the following table:

                For the Federal fiscal year(s) beginning . . .
                The amount of Tribal share funds we annually distribute to you will be . . .

                (i) October 1, 2007 and October 1, 2008
                50 percent of your 50 percent share of reclamation fees collected on prior fiscal year coal production.

                (ii) October 1, 2009 and October 1, 2010
                75 percent of your 50 percent share of reclamation fees collected on prior fiscal year coal production.

                (iii) October 1, 2011 and continuing through September 30, 2022
                100 percent of your 50 percent share of reclamation fees collected on prior fiscal year coal production.

                (iv) October 1, 2022 (fiscal year 2023)
                The amount remaining in your Tribal share of the Fund.

            (2) We award these funds to you in grants according to the provisions of part 886 of this chapter.

            § 872.19
            Are there any restrictions on how Indian tribes may use Tribal share funds?
            Yes. You may only use Tribal share funds for:
            (a) Coal reclamation under § 874.12 of this chapter;
            (b) Water supply restoration under § 874.14 of this chapter;
            (c) Noncoal reclamation under § 875.12 of this chapter that is requested under section 409(c) of SMCRA;
            (d) Deposit into an acid mine drainage abatement and treatment fund under part 876 of this chapter;
            (e) Land acquisition under § 879.11 of this chapter; and
            (f) Maintenance of the AML inventory under section 403(c) of SMCRA.

            § 872.20
            What will OSM do with unappropriated AML funds currently allocated to the Rural Abandoned Mine Program ?
            Under section 402(h)(4)(B) of SMCRA, we will make available any moneys that remain allocated to RAMP and that were not appropriated or moved to other allocations before December 20, 2006, for possible transfer to the three United Mine Workers of America (UMWA) health care plans described in section 402(h)(2) of SMCRA.

            § 872.21
            What are historic coal funds?
            (a) “Historic coal funds” are moneys provided under section 402(g)(5) of SMCRA based on the amount of coal produced before August 3, 1977, in your State or on Indian lands in which you have an interest. Under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act Amendments of 2006, which were enacted as Division C, Title II, Subtitle A of P.L. 109-432, each year we allocate and distribute 30 percent of annual AML fee collections for coal produced in the previous fiscal year plus 60 percent of any other revenue to the Fund as historic coal funds to supplement grants to States and Indian tribes.
            (b) Historic coal funds also include moneys we reallocate under sections 401(f)(3)(A)(i), 411(h)(1)(A)(ii), and 411(h)(4) of SMCRA, including:
            (1) The moneys we reallocate based on prior balance replacement funds distributed under § 872.29, which will be available to supplement grants beginning with Federal fiscal year 2023; and
            (2) The moneys we reallocate based on certified in lieu funds distributed under § 872.32, which will be available to supplement grants in Federal fiscal years 2009 through 2022.

            § 872.22
            How does OSM distribute and award historic coal funds?
            (a) To be eligible to receive historic coal funds, you must meet the following criteria:
            (1) You must have and maintain an approved reclamation plan under part 884 of this chapter;
            (2) You cannot be certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA; and
            (3) You must have unfunded Priority 1 and 2 coal problems remaining under sections 403(a)(1) and (2) of SMCRA.
            (b) If you meet the eligibility requirements in paragraph (a) of this section, we distribute these moneys to you using a formula based on the amount of coal historically produced before August 3, 1977, in your State or from the Indian lands concerned.

            (c) We annually distribute historic coal funds to you as shown in the following table:

                For the Federal fiscal years beginning . . .
                The amount of historic coal funds we annually distribute to you will be . . .

                (1) October 1, 2007 and October 1, 2008
                50 percent of the amount we calculate using the formula described in paragraph (b) of this section.

                (2) October 1, 2009 and October 1, 2010
                75 percent of the amount we calculated using the formula described in paragraph (b) of this section.

                (3) October 1, 2011 and continuing through September 30, 2022
                100 percent of the amount we calculate using the formula described in paragraph (b) of this section.

                (4) October 1, 2022 (fiscal year 2023), and thereafter
                100 percent of the amount we calculate using the formula described in paragraph (b) of this section until funds are no longer available or you have reclaimed your remaining Priority 1 and 2 coal problems.

            (d) In any given year, we will only distribute to you the historic coal funds that you need to reclaim your unfunded Priority 1 or 2 coal problems. Your distribution of State or Tribal share funds under § 872.14 or § 872.17 plus your distribution of historic coal funds along with unused funds from prior allocations could be more than you need to reclaim your remaining high priority problems. If that occurs, we will reduce the historic coal funds we distribute to you to the amount that you need to fully fund reclamation of all your remaining Priority 1 or 2 coal problems.
            (e) We award these funds to you in grants according to the provisions of part 886 of this chapter.

            § 872.23
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use historic coal funds?
            Yes. You may only use historic coal funds for:
            (a) Coal reclamation under § 874.12 of this chapter;
            (b) Water supply restoration under § 874.14 of this chapter;
            (c) Noncoal reclamation under § 875.12 of this chapter that is requested under section 409(c) of SMCRA;
            (d) Deposit into an acid mine drainage abatement and treatment fund under part 876 of this chapter;
            (e) Land acquisition under § 879.11 of this chapter; and
            (f) Maintenance of the AML inventory under section 403(c) of SMCRA.

            § 872.24
            What are Federal expense funds?
            “Federal expense funds” are moneys available in the Fund that are not allocated or distributed as State share funds (§ 872.14), Tribal share funds (§ 872.17), historic coal funds (§ 872.21), or minimum program make up funds (§ 872.26). Congress must appropriate Federal expense funds before we may expend them.

            § 872.25
            Are there any restrictions on how OSM may use Federal expense funds?
            (a) We may use Federal expense funds only for the purposes in sections 402(g)(3)(A) through (D) and 402(g)(4) of SMCRA, which include the following:
            (1) The Small Operator Assistance Program under section 507(c) of SMCRA (not more than $10 million annually);
            (2) Emergency projects under State, Tribal, and Federal programs under section 410 of SMCRA;
            (3) Nonemergency projects in States and on lands within the jurisdiction of Indian tribes that do not have an approved abandoned mine reclamation program under section 405 of SMCRA;
            (4) The Secretary's administration of Title IV of SMCRA and this subchapter; and
            (5) Projects authorized under section 402(g)(4) in States and on lands within the jurisdiction of Indian tribes that do not have an approved abandoned mine reclamation program under section 405 of SMCRA.
            (b) We will not deduct moneys that we have annually allocated or distributed as Federal expense funds under sections 402(g)(3)(A) through (D) or (4) of SMCRA for any State or Indian tribe from moneys we annually allocate or distribute to a State or Indian tribe under the authority of sections 402(g)(1) or (5) of SMCRA.
            (c) We expend moneys under the authority in section 402(g)(3)(C) of SMCRA only in States or on Indian lands where the State or Indian tribe does not have an abandoned mine reclamation program approved under section 405 of SMCRA.

            § 872.26
            What are minimum program make up funds?
            (a) “Minimum program make up funds” are additional moneys we distribute each Federal fiscal year to eligible States and Indian tribes to make up the difference between their total distribution of other funds and $3 million. The source of these funds is moneys in the Secretary's 20 percent share of the Fund that are authorized for mandatory distribution.
            (b) To be eligible to receive funds under this section, you must meet the following criteria:
            (1) You must have and maintain an approved reclamation plan under part 884 of this chapter;
            (2) You cannot have certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA;
            (3) The total amount you receive annually from State share funds (§ 872.14) or Tribal share funds (§ 872.17), historic coal funds (§ 872.21), and prior balance replacement funds (§ 872.29) must be less than $3 million; and
            (4) You must need more than the total of funds you will receive from State or Tribal share, historic coal, and prior balance replacement funds to reclaim Priority 1 and 2 coal problems under sections 403(a)(1) and (2) of SMCRA in your State or on Indian lands within your jurisdiction.
            (c) We will make funds available to the States of Missouri and Tennessee under this section to reclaim Priority 1 and 2 coal problems included in the AML inventory, provided each State has a reclamation plan approved under part 884 of this chapter.

            § 872.27
            How does OSM distribute and award minimum program make up funds?
            (a) If you meet the eligibility requirements in § 872.26(b), we will distribute these minimum program make up funds to you as follows:
            (1) We calculate your total distribution under this part by first adding, in order, your prior balance replacement funds distribution (§ 872.29), your applicable State or Tribal share funds distribution (§ 872.14 or § 872.17), and your historic coal funds distribution (§ 872.21). If the sum of these funds is less than $3 million, we calculate the amount of minimum program make up funds to add to your distribution under this section to increase it to that level.
            (2) For each of the Federal fiscal years 2007 through 2022, we add minimum program make up funds to your combined distribution of prior balance replacement, State or Tribal share, and historic coal funds as shown in the following table:

                For each of the Federal fiscal years beginning . . .
                The amount of minimum program make up funds we add to your distribution will be . . .

                (i) October 1, 2007 and October 1, 2008
                50 percent of the amount that we calculated should be added under paragraph (a)(1) of this section.

                (ii) October 1, 2009 and October 1, 2010
                75 percent of the amount that we calculated should be added under paragraph (a)(1) of this section.

                (iii) October 1, 2011 and continuing through September 30, 2022
                100 percent of the amount that we calculated should be added under paragraph (a)(1) of this section as long as you have at least $3 million of Priority 1 and 2 coal problems remaining.

                (iv) October 1, 2022 and thereafter
                to the extent funds are available, 100 percent of the amount that we calculated should be added under paragraph (a)(1) until you have less than $3 million of Priority 1 and 2 coal problems remaining.

            (b) We award these funds to you in grants according to the provisions of part 886 of this chapter.

            § 872.28
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use minimum program make up funds?
            Yes. You may only use minimum program make up funds for:
            (a) Priority 1 and 2 coal reclamation under sections 403(a)(1) and (2) of SMCRA;
            (b) Priority 3 reclamation that is part of Priority 1 or 2 coal reclamation under sections 403(a)(1) or (2) of SMCRA and § 874.13 of this chapter;

            § 872.29
            What are prior balance replacement funds?

            “Prior balance replacement funds” are moneys we must distribute to you instead of the moneys we allocated to your State or Tribal share of the Fund before October 1, 2007, but did not distribute to you because Congress did not appropriate them. They come from general funds of the United States Treasury that are otherwise unappropriated. Under section 411(h)(1) of SMCRA, we distribute prior balance replacement funds to you, the State or Indian tribe, for seven years starting in the Federal fiscal year beginning October 1, 2008.

            § 872.30
            How does OSM distribute and award prior balance replacement funds?
            (a) We distribute prior balance replacement funds to you as follows:
            (1) In an amount equal to the aggregate, unappropriated amount allocated to you before October 1, 2007, under sections 402(g)(1)(A) or (B) of SMCRA;
            (2) If you are, or are not, certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA; and
            (3) Subject to § 872.35, in seven equal annual installments beginning with the 2008 Federal fiscal year which starts on October 1, 2007.
            (b) We award these funds to you in grants according to the provisions of part 885 of this chapter for certified States and Indian tribes or part 886 of this chapter for uncertified States and Indian tribes.
            (c) At the same time we distribute prior balance replacement funds to you under this section, we transfer the same amount to historic coal funds from moneys in your State or Tribal share of the Fund that were allocated to you before October 1, 2007. The transferred funds will be available for annual grants under § 872.21 for the Federal fiscal year beginning October 1, 2022, and annually thereafter. We will allocate, distribute, and award the transferred funds according to the provisions of §§ 872.21, 872.22, and 872.23.

            § 872.31
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use prior balance replacement funds?
            (a) Yes. If you are certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA, you may only use prior balance replacement funds for those purposes your State legislature or Tribal council establishes, giving priority to addressing the impacts of mineral development.
            (b) Yes. If you are not certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA, you may only use prior balance replacement funds for the purposes in section 403 of SMCRA, which include:
            (1) Reclamation of coal problems under § 874.12 of this chapter;
            (2) Water supply restoration under § 874.14 of this chapter; and
            (3) Maintenance of the AML inventory.

            § 872.32
            What are certified in lieu funds?
            “Certified in lieu funds” are moneys that we distribute to you, the certified State or Indian tribe, in lieu of moneys allocated to your State or Tribal share of the Fund after October 1, 2007. Certified in lieu funds come from general funds of the United States Treasury that are otherwise unappropriated. Beginning with the 2009 Federal fiscal year which starts on October 1, 2008, we distribute certified in lieu funds to you under section 411(h)(2) of SMCRA.

            § 872.33
            How does OSM distribute and award certified in lieu funds?
            (a) You must be certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA to receive certified in lieu funds.
            (b) If you meet the eligibility requirement in paragraph (a) of this section, we distribute these certified in lieu funds to you as follows:
            (1) Starting in the Federal fiscal year that begins on October 1, 2008, we annually distribute funds to you based on 50 percent of reclamation fees received for coal produced during the previous Federal fiscal year in your State or on Indian lands within your jurisdiction;
            (2) The funds we annually distribute to you are in lieu of moneys we otherwise would distribute to you from State share funds under § 872.14 or Tribal share funds under § 872.17 had you not been excluded from receiving those funds under section 401(f)(3)(B) of SMCRA; and
            (3) Subject to § 872.35, we annually distribute certified in lieu funds to you as shown in the following table:

                In the Federal fiscal year(s) beginning on . . .
                The amount of certified in lieu funds we annually distribute to you will be equal to . . .

                (i) October 1, 2008
                25 percent of your 50 percent share of annual reclamation fee collections.

                (ii) October 1, 2009
                50 percent of your 50 percent share of annual reclamation fee collections.

                (iii) October 1, 2010
                75 percent of your 50 percent share of annual reclamation fee collections.

                (iv) October 1, 2011, and thereafter
                100 percent of your 50 percent share of annual reclamation fee collections.

            (c) We award these funds to you in grants according to the provisions of part 885 of this chapter.
            (d) At the same time we distribute certified in lieu funds to you under this section, we transfer the same amount to historic coal funds and make those funds available for annual grants under § 872.21 that same Federal fiscal year. We allocate, distribute, and award the transferred funds according to the provisions of §§ 872.21, 872.22, and 872.23.
            (e) We will distribute to you the amounts we withhold under paragraph (b) of this section in two equal annual installments. We will do this in Federal fiscal years 2018 and 2019.

            § 872.34
            Are there any restrictions on how you may use certified in lieu funds?
            There are no limitations or restrictions on the use of certified in lieu funds in the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act Amendments of 2006 which were enacted as Division C, Title II, Subtitle A of P.L. 109-432.

            § 872.35
            When will OSM reduce the amount of prior balance replacement funds or certified in lieu funds distributed to you?
            (a) In any fiscal year in which the amount of Treasury funds required to be transferred under §§ 872.30 and 872.33 of this chapter and under section 402(i)(1) of SMCRA exceeds the maximum annual limit of $490 million, we will adjust the amount of these payments to reduce them to the level of the cap. Each distribution or transfer for the FY will be reduced by the same percentage.
            (b) We will not include amounts under section 402(h)(5)(A) as part of this calculation.

          Pt. 873
          PART 873—FUTURE RECLAMATION SET-ASIDE PROGRAM

            Sec.
            873.1
            Scope.
            873.11
            Applicability.
            873.12
            Future set-aside program criteria.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            59 FR 28170, May 31, 1994, unless otherwise noted.

            § 873.1
            Scope.
            This part provides requirements for the award of grants to States or Indian tribes for the establishment of special trust accounts that will provide funds for coal reclamation purposes after September 30, 1995.

            § 873.11
            Applicability.
            The provisions of this part apply to funds awarded, as defined in § 872.5 of this chapter, under section 402(g)(6)(A) of SMCRA before its amendment on December 20, 2006, and their use by the States or Indian tribes for coal reclamation purposes after September 30, 1995.
            [73 FR 67638, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 873.12
            Future set-aside program criteria.
            (a) Any State or Indian tribe may receive and retain, without regard to the limitation referred to in section 402(g)(1)(D) of SMCRA, up to 10 percent of the total of the funds distributed annually to such State or Indian tribe under sections 402(g)(1) and (5) of SMCRA for a future set-aside fund if such amounts were awarded before December 20, 2006. The State or Indian tribe must deposit all set-aside funds awarded into a special fund established under State or Indian tribal law. The State or Indian tribe must expend amounts awarded (together with all interest earned on such amounts) solely to achieve the priorities stated in section 403(a) of SMCRA.
            (b) Moneys the State or Indian tribe deposited in the special fund account, together with any interest earned, are considered State or Indian tribal moneys.
            [73 FR 67638, Nov. 14, 2008]

          Pt. 874
          PART 874—GENERAL RECLAMATION REQUIREMENTS

            Sec.
            874.1
            Scope.
            874.5
            Definitions.
            874.10
            Information collection.

            874.11
            Applicability.
            874.12
            Eligible coal lands and water.
            874.13
            Reclamation objectives and priorities.
            874.14
            Water supply restoration.
            874.15
            Limited liability.
            874.16
            Contractor eligibility.
            874.17
            AML agency procedures for reclamation projects receiving less than 50 percent government funding.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 28596, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 874.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes land and water eligibility requirements, reclamation objectives and priorities, and reclamation contractor responsibility.
            [59 FR 28171, May 31, 1994]

            § 874.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this Part—

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.
            [73 FR 67638, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 874 and assigned it control number 1029-0113. This information is used to ensure that appropriate reclamation projects involving the incidental extraction of coal are conducted under the authority of section 528(2) of SMCRA and that selected projects contain sufficient environmental safeguards. Persons must respond to obtain a benefit. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67639, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.11
            Applicability.
            You must comply with the requirements in this part for—
            (a) Reclamation projects using moneys from the Fund;
            (b) Reclamation projects using prior balance replacement funds provided to uncertified States and Indian tribes under § 872.29 of this chapter; or
            (c) Coal reclamation projects by certified States and Indian tribes required to maintain certification under section 411(a) of SMCRA and the agreement required by §§ 875.13(a)(3) and 875.14(b) of this chapter to maintain that certification.
            [73 FR 67639, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.12
            Eligible coal lands and water.
            Coal lands and water are eligible for reclamation activities if—
            (a) They were mined for coal or affected by coal mining processes;
            (b) They were mined prior to August 3, 1977, and left or abandoned in either an unreclaimed or inadequately reclaimed condition; and
            (c) There is no continuing responsibility for reclamation by the operator, permittee, or agent of the permittee under statutes of the State or Federal government, or as a result of bond forfeiture. Bond forfeiture will render lands or water ineligible only if the amount forfeited is sufficient to pay the total cost of the necessary reclamation. In cases where the forfeited bond is insufficient to pay the total cost of reclamation, additional moneys from the Fund or any prior balance replacement funds provided under § 872.29 of this chapter may be used.
            (d) Notwithstanding paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section, coal lands and waters in a State or on Indian lands damaged and abandoned after August 3, 1977, by coal mining processes are also eligible for funding if the Secretary finds in writing that:
            (1) They were mined for coal or affected by coal mining processes; and
            (2) The mining occurred and the site was left in either an unreclaimed or inadequately reclaimed condition between August 4, 1977, and:

            (i) The date on which the Secretary approved a State regulatory program pursuant to section 503 of the Act (30 U.S.C. 1253) for a State or September 28, 1994, for an Indian tribe, and that any funds for reclamation or abatement that are available pursuant to a bond or other form of financial guarantee or from any other source are not sufficient to provide for adequate reclamation or abatement at the site; or

            (ii) November 5, 1990, that the surety of the mining operator became insolvent during such period and that, as of November 5, 1990, funds immediately available from proceedings relating to such insolvency or from any financial guarantee or other source are not sufficient to provide for adequate reclamation or abatement at the site; and
            (3) The site qualifies as a priority 1 or 2 site pursuant to section 403(a)(1) and (2) of the Act. Priority will be given to those sites that are in the immediate vicinity of a residential area or that have an adverse economic impact upon a community.
            (e) An uncertified State or Indian tribe may expend funds made available under paragraphs 402(g)(1) and (5) of SMCRA and prior balance replacement funds under section 411(h)(1) of SMCRA for the reclamation and abatement of any site eligible under paragraph (d) of this section, if the State or Indian tribe, with the concurrence of the Secretary, makes the findings required in paragraph (d) of this section and the State or Indian tribe determines that the reclamation priority of the site is the same or more urgent than the reclamation priority for the lands and water eligible under paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section that qualify as a Priority 1 or 2 site under section 403(a) of SMCRA.
            (f) With respect to lands eligible under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section, moneys available from sources outside the Fund or that are ultimately recovered from responsible parties must either be used to offset the cost of the reclamation or transferred to the Fund if not required for further reclamation activities at the permitted site.
            (g) If reclamation of a site covered by an interim or permanent program permit is carried out under the Abandoned Mine Land Program, the permittee of the site shall reimburse the Abandoned Mine Land Fund for the cost of reclamation that is in excess of any bond forfeited to ensure reclamation. Neither the Secretary nor a State or Indian tribe performing reclamation under paragraph (d) or (e) of this section shall be held liable for any violations of any performance standards or reclamation requirements specified in Title V of the Act nor shall a reclamation activity undertaken on such lands or waters be held to any standards set forth in Title V of the Act.
            (h) Surface coal mining operations on lands eligible for remining pursuant to section 404 of the Act shall not affect the eligibility of such lands for reclamation activities after the release of the bonds or deposits posted by any such operation as provided by § 800.40 of this chapter. If the bond or deposit for a surface coal mining operation on lands eligible for remining is forfeited, funds available under this title may be used if the amount of such bond or deposit is not sufficient to provide for adequate reclamation or abatement, except that if conditions warrant the Secretary shall immediately exercise his/her authority under section 410 of the Act.
            [47 FR 28596, June 30, 1982, as amended at 59 FR 28171, May 31, 1994; 73 FR 67639, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.13
            Reclamation objectives and priorities.
            (a) When you conduct reclamation projects under this part you may follow OSM's “Final Guidelines for Reclamation Programs and Projects” (66 FR 31250, June 11, 2001) and the expenditures must reflect the following priorities in the order stated:
            (1) Priority 1: The protection of public health, safety, and property from extreme danger of adverse effects of coal mining practices, including the restoration of land and water resources and the environment that:
            (i) Have been degraded by the adverse effects of coal mining practices; and
            (ii) Are adjacent to a site that has been or will be addressed to protect the public health, safety, and property from extreme danger of adverse effects of coal mining practices.
            (2) Priority 2: The protection of public health and safety from adverse effects of coal mining practices, including the restoration of land and water resources and the environment that:
            (i) Have been degraded by the adverse effects of coal mining practices; and

            (ii) Are adjacent to a site that has been or will be addressed to protect the public health and safety from adverse effects of coal mining practices.

            (3) Priority 3: The restoration of land and water resources and the environment previously degraded by adverse effects of coal mining practices, including measures for the conservation and development of soil, water (excluding channelization), woodland, fish and wildlife, recreation resources, and agricultural productivity. Priority 3 land and water resources that are geographically contiguous with existing or remediated Priority 1 or 2 problems will be considered adjacent under paragraphs (a)(1)(ii) or (a)(2)(ii) of this section.
            (b) This paragraph applies to State or Tribal share funds available under §§ 872.14 and 872.17 of this chapter and historic coal funds available under § 872.21 of this chapter. You may expend these funds to reclaim Priority 3 lands and waters, if either of the following conditions applies:
            (1) You have completed all of the Priority 1 and Priority 2 reclamation in the jurisdiction of your State or Indian tribe; or
            (2) The expenditure for Priority 3 reclamation is made in conjunction with the expenditure of funds for Priority 1 or Priority 2 reclamation projects including past, current, and future Priority 1 or Priority 2 reclamation projects. Expenditures under this paragraph must either:
            (i) Facilitate the Priority 1 or Priority 2 reclamation; or
            (ii) Provide reasonable savings towards the objective of reclaiming all Priority 3 land and water problems within the jurisdiction of your State or Indian tribe.
            [73 FR 67639, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.14
            Water supply restoration.
            (a) Any State or Indian tribe that has not certified completion of all coal-related reclamation under section 411(a) of SMCRA may expend funds under §§ 872.16, 872.19, 872.23, and 872.31 of this chapter for water supply restoration projects. For purposes of this section, “water supply restoration projects” are those that protect, repair, replace, construct, or enhance facilities related to water supplies, including water distribution facilities and treatment plants that have been adversely affected by coal mining practices. For funds awarded before December 20, 2006, any uncertified State or Indian tribe may expend up to 30 percent of the funds distributed to it for water supply restoration projects.
            (b) If the adverse effect on water supplies referred to in this section occurred both prior to and after August 3, 1977, the project shall remain eligible, notwithstanding the criteria specified in 30 CFR 874.12(b), if the State or Indian tribe finds in writing, as part of its eligibility opinion, that such adverse affects are due predominately to effects of mining processes undertaken and abandoned prior to August 3, 1977.
            (c) If the adverse effect on water supplies referred to in this section occurred both prior to and after the dates (and under the criteria) set forth under section 402(g)(4)(B) of the Act, the project shall remain eligible, notwithstanding the criteria specified in 30 CFR 874.12(b), if the State or Indian tribe finds in writing, as part of its eligibility opinion, that such adverse effects are due predominately to the effects of mining processes undertaken and abandoned prior to those dates.
            (d) Enhancement of facilities or utilities under this section shall include upgrading necessary to meet any local, State, or Federal public health or safety requirement. Enhancement shall not include, however, any service area expansion of a utility or facility not necessary to address a specific abandoned mine land problem.
            [59 FR 28171, May 31, 1994, as amended at 73 FR 67639, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.15
            Limited liability.
            No State or Indian tribe shall be liable under any provision of Federal law for any costs or damages as a result of action taken or omitted in the course of carrying out an approved State or Indian tribe abandoned mine reclamation plan. This section shall not preclude liability for costs or damages as a result of gross negligence or intentional misconduct by the State or Indian tribe. For purposes of this section, reckless, willful, or wanton misconduct shall constitute gross negligence or intentional misconduct.
            [59 FR 28172, May 31, 1994]

            § 874.16
            Contractor eligibility.
            To receive moneys from the Fund or Treasury funds provided to uncertified States and Indian tribes under § 872.29 of this chapter or to certified States or Indian tribes for coal AML reclamation as required to maintain certification under section 411(a) of SMCRA, every successful bidder for an AML contract must be eligible under §§ 773.12, 773.13, and 773.14 of this chapter at the time of contract award to receive a permit or be provisionally issued a permit to conduct surface coal mining operations.
            [73 FR 67639, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 874.17
            AML agency procedures for reclamation projects receiving less than 50 percent government funding.
            This section tells you, the AML agency, what to do when considering an abandoned mine land reclamation project as government-financed construction under part 707 of this chapter. This section only applies if the level of funding for the construction will be less than 50 percent of the total cost because of planned coal extraction.
            (a) Consultation with the Title V regulatory authority. In consultation with the Title V regulatory authority, you must make the following determinations:
            (1) You must determine the likelihood of the coal being mined under a Title V permit. This determination must take into account available information such as:
            (i) Coal reserves from existing mine maps or other sources;
            (ii) Existing environmental conditions;
            (iii) All prior mining activity on or adjacent to the site;
            (iv) Current and historic coal production in the area; and
            (v) Any known or anticipated interest in mining the site.
            (2) You must determine the likelihood that nearby or adjacent mining activities might create new environmental problems or adversely affect existing environmental problems at the site.
            (3) You must determine the likelihood that reclamation activities at the site might adversely affect nearby or adjacent mining activities.
            (b) Concurrence with the Title V regulatory authority. If, after consulting with the Title V regulatory authority, you decide to proceed with the reclamation project, then you and the Title V regulatory authority must concur in the following determinations:
            (1) You must concur in a determination of the limits on any coal refuse, coal waste, or other coal deposits which can be extracted under the part 707 exemption or counterpart State/Indian Tribe laws and regulations.
            (2) You must concur in the delineation of the boundaries of the AML project.
            (c) Documentation. You must include in the AML case file:
            (1) The determinations made under paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section;
            (2) The information taken into account in making the determinations; and
            (3) The names of the parties making the determinations.
            (d) Special requirements. For each project, you must:
            (1) Characterize the site in terms of mine drainage, active slides and slide-prone areas, erosion and sedimentation, vegetation, toxic materials, and hydrologic balance;
            (2) Ensure that the reclamation project is conducted in accordance with the provisions of 30 CFR subchapter R;
            (3) Develop specific-site reclamation requirements, including performance bonds when appropriate in accordance with State procedures; and
            (4) Require the contractor conducting the reclamation to provide prior to the time reclamation begins applicable documents that clearly authorize the extraction of coal and payment of royalties.
            (e) Limitation. If the reclamation contractor extracts coal beyond the limits of the incidental coal specified in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the contractor must obtain a permit under Title V of SMCRA for such coal.
            [64 FR 7483, Feb. 12, 1999]

          Pt. 875
          PART 875—CERTIFICATION AND NONCOAL RECLAMATION

            Sec.
            875.1
            Scope.
            875.5
            Definitions.
            875.10
            Information collection.
            875.11
            Applicability.
            875.12
            Eligible lands and water prior to certification.
            875.13
            Certification of completion of coal sites.
            875.14
            Eligible lands and water after certification.
            875.15
            Reclamation priorities for noncoal program.
            875.16
            Exclusion of certain noncoal reclamation sites.
            875.17
            Land acquisition authority—noncoal.
            875.18
            Lien requirements.
            875.19
            Limited liability.
            875.20
            Contractor eligibility.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 28596, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 875.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes land and water eligibility requirements and for noncoal reclamation.

            § 875.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.
            [73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 875.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 875 and assigned it control number 1029-0103. This information establishes procedures and requirements for State and Indian tribes to conduct noncoal reclamation under abandoned mine land funding. The information is needed to assure compliance with SMCRA and the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990. Persons must respond to obtain a benefit. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 875.11
            Applicability.
            (a) If you are a State or Indian tribe that has not certified under section 411(a) of SMCRA, you must follow these noncoal reclamation requirements when you use State share funds under § 872.16, Tribal share funds under § 872.19, or historic coal funds under § 872.23 to conduct reclamation projects on lands or water affected by mining of minerals and materials other than coal.
            (b) If you are a State or Indian tribe that has certified under section 411(a) of the Act—
            (1) You must use State share or Tribal share funds distributed to you under section 402(g)(1) of the Act before October 1, 2007, in accordance with this part; and
            (2) You may use prior balance replacement funds distributed to you under section 411(h)(1) of the Act, certified in lieu funds distributed to you under section 411(h)(2) of the Act, or both, to—
            (i) Maintain certification as required by §§ 875.13 and 875.14 of this part; or
            (ii) Conduct a noncoal reclamation project in accordance with the requirements of this part.
            [73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 875.12
            Eligible lands and water prior to certification.
            Noncoal lands and water are eligible for reclamation if:
            (a) They were mined or affected by mining processes;
            (b) They were mined and left or abandoned in either an unreclaimed or inadequately reclaimed condition prior to August 3, 1977;

            (c) There is no continuing responsibility for reclamation by the operator, permittee, or agent of the permittee under statutes of the State or Federal Government or by the State as a result of bond forfeiture. Bond forfeiture will render lands or water ineligible only if the amount forfeited is sufficient to pay the total cost of the necessary reclamation. In cases where the forfeited bond is insufficient to pay the total cost of reclamation, moneys sufficient to complete the reclamation may be sought under part 886 of this chapter;
            (d) The reclamation has been requested by the Governor of the State or equivalent head of the Indian tribe; and
            (e) The reclamation is necessary to protect the public health, safety, general welfare, and property from extreme danger of adverse effects of noncoal mining practices.
            [59 FR 28172, May 31, 1994, as amended at 73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 875.13
            Certification of completion of coal sites.
            (a) The Governor of a State, or the equivalent head of an Indian tribe, may submit to the Secretary a certification of completion of coal sites. The certification must express the finding that the State or Indian tribe has achieved all existing known coal-related reclamation objectives for eligible lands and waters under section 404 of SMCRA or has instituted the necessary processes to reclaim any remaining coal related problems. In addition to the above finding, the certification of completion must contain:
            (1) A description of both the rationale and the process used to arrive at the above finding for the completion of all coal-related reclamation under section 403(a)(1) through (3).
            (2) A brief summary and resolution of all relevant public comments concerning coal-related impacts, problems, and reclamation projects received by the State or Indian tribe prior to preparation of the certification of completion.
            (3) A State or Indian tribe agreement to acknowledge and give top priority to any coal-related problem(s) that may be found or occur after submission of the certification of completion and during the life of the approved abandoned mine reclamation program.

            (b) After review and verification of the information contained in the certification of completion, the Director shall provide notice in the Federal Register and opportunity for public comment. After receipt and evaluation of all public comments and a determination by the Director that the certification is correct, the Director shall concur with the certification and provide final notice of such concurrence in the Federal Register. This concurrence shall be based upon the State's or Indian tribes commitment to give top priority to any coal problem which may thereafter be found or occur.
            (c) Following concurrence by the Director, a State or Indian tribe may implement a noncoal reclamation program pursuant to provisions in section 411 of SMCRA.
            (d) The Director may, on his or her own initiative, make the certification referred to in paragraph (a) of this section on behalf of your State or Indian tribe if:
            (1) Based upon information contained in the AML inventory, the Director determines that all coal reclamation projects meeting the priorities described in § 874.13(a) of this chapter in the jurisdiction of your State or Indian tribe have been completed; and

            (2) Before making any determination, the Director provides the public an opportunity to comment through a notice in the Federal Register.

            [59 FR 28172, May 31, 1994, as amended at 73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 875.14
            Eligible lands and water after certification.
            (a) Following certification, eligible noncoal lands, waters, and facilities are those—
            (1) Which were mined or processed for minerals or which were affected by such mining or processing, and abandoned or left in an inadequate reclamation status before August 3, 1977. However, for Federal lands, waters, and facilities under the jurisdiction of the Forest Service, the eligibility date is August 28, 1974. For Federal lands, waters and facilities under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management, the eligibility date is November 26, 1980; and
            (2) For which there is no continuing reclamation responsibility under State or other Federal laws.

            (b) If eligible coal problems are found or occur after certification, you must submit to us a plan that describes the approach and funds that will be used to address those problems in a timely manner. You may address any eligible coal problems with the certified in lieu funds that you have already received or will receive from § 872.32 of this chapter. You may also use the prior balance replacement funds received from § 872.29 of this chapter to address coal problems subsequent to certification. Any coal reclamation projects that you do must conform to sections 401 through 410 of SMCRA and part 874 of this chapter.
            [73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 875.15
            Reclamation priorities for noncoal program.
            (a) This section applies to reclamation projects involving the restoration of lands and water adversely affected by past mineral mining; projects involving the protection, repair, replacement, construction, or enhancement of utilities (such as those relating to water supply, roads, and other such facilities serving the public adversely affected by mineral mining and processing practices); and the construction of public facilities in communities impacted by coal or other mineral mining and processing practices.
            (b) Following certification pursuant to § 875.13, the projects and construction of public facilities identified in paragraph (a) of this section shall reflect the following priorities in the order stated:
            (1) The protection of public health, safety, general welfare and property from the extreme danger of adverse effects of mineral mining and processing practices;
            (2) The protection of public health, safety, and general welfare from the adverse effects of mineral mining and processing practices; and
            (3) The restoration of land and water resources and the environment previously degraded by the adverse effects of mineral mining and processing practices.
            (c) Enhancement of facilities or utilities shall include upgrading necessary to meet local, State, or Federal public health or safety requirements. Enhancement shall not include, however, any service area expansion of a utility or facility not necessary to address a specific abandoned mine land problem.
            (d) Notwithstanding the requirements specified in paragraph (b) of this section, where the Governor of a State or the equivalent head of an Indian tribe, after determining that there is a need for activities or construction of specific public facilities related to the coal or minerals industry in States or on Tribal lands impacted by coal or minerals development, submits a grant application as required by paragraph (e) of this section and the Director concurs in such need, as set forth in paragraph (f) of this section, the Director may grant funds made available under section 402(g)(1) of the Act, 30 U.S.C. 1232, to carry out such activities or construction.
            (e) To qualify for funding pursuant to the authority in paragraph (d) of this section, a State or Indian tribe must submit a grant application that specifically sets forth:
            (1) The need or urgency for the activity or the construction of the public facility;
            (2) The expected impact the project will have on the coal or minerals industry in the State or Indian tribe;
            (3) The availability of funding from other sources and, if other funding is provided, its percentage of the total costs involved;
            (4) Documentation from other local, State, and Federal agencies with oversight for such utilities or facilities regarding what funding resources they have available and why this specific project is not being fully funded by their agency;
            (5) The impact on the State or Indian tribe, the public, and the minerals industry if the activity or facility is not funded;
            (6) The reason why this project should be selected before a priority project relating to the protection of the public health and safety or the environment from the damages caused by past mining activities; and
            (7) An analysis and review of the procedures used by the State or Indian tribe to notify and involve the public in this funding request and a copy of all comments received and their resolution by the State or Indian tribe.

            (f) After review of the information contained in the application, the Director will, if necessary to ensure adequate public notification, prepare a Federal Register notice regarding the State's or Indian Tribe's submission and provide for public comment. The Director will then:
            (1) Evaluate any comments received;
            (2) Determine whether the funding meets the requirements of this part;
            (3) Determine whether the funding is in the best interest of the State or Indian tribe AML program;
            (4) If the determinations under paragraphs (f)(2) and (f)(3) of this section are positive, approve the request for funding the activity or construction; and
            (5) Approve funding under paragraph (f)(4) of this section only at a cost commensurate with its benefits towards achieving the purposes of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977.
            [59 FR 28173, May 31, 1994, as amended at 68 FR 9502, Feb. 27, 2003]

            § 875.16
            Exclusion of certain noncoal reclamation sites.

            (a) You, the uncertified State or Indian tribe, may not use moneys from the Fund or from prior balance replacement funds provided under § 872.29 of this chapter for the reclamation of sites and areas designated for remedial action under the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 (42 U.S.C. 7901 et seq.) or that have been listed for remedial action under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.).

            (b) You, the certified State or Indian tribe, may not reclaim sites and areas designated for remedial action under the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 (42 U.S.C. 7901 et seq.) or that have been listed for remedial action under the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq.) using—
            (1) Moneys distributed from the Fund under section 402(g)(1) of the Act.
            (2) Prior balance replacement funds distributed to you under section 411(h)(1) of the Act where you are conducting reclamation under the provisions of this part.
            (3) Certified in lieu funds distributed to you under section 411(h)(2) of the Act where you are conducting reclamation under the provisions of this part.
            [73 FR 67640, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 875.17
            Land acquisition authority—noncoal.
            The requirements of parts 877 (Rights of Entry) and 879 (Acquisition, Management and Disposition of Lands and Water) of this chapter apply to a State's or Indian tribe's noncoal reclamation projects conducted under this part, except that, for purposes of this section, the term “noncoal” replaces all references to “coal” in parts 877 and 879 of this chapter.
            [80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 875.18
            Lien requirements.

            The lien requirements found in part 882—Reclamation on Private Land shall apply to a State's or Indian tribe's noncoal reclamation program under section 411 of the Act, except that for purposes of this section, references made to coal shall not apply. In lieu of the term coal, the word noncoal should be used.
            [59 FR 28173, May 31, 1994]

            § 875.19
            Limited liability.
            No State or Indian tribe conducting noncoal reclamation activities under the provisions of this part is liable under any provision of Federal law for any costs or damages as a result of action taken or omitted in the course of carrying out an approved State or Indian tribe abandoned mine reclamation plan. This section does not preclude liability for costs or damages as a result of gross negligence or intentional misconduct by the State or Indian tribe. For purposes of the preceding sentence, reckless, willful, or wanton misconduct will constitute gross negligence or intentional misconduct.
            [80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 875.20
            Contractor eligibility.

            Every successful bidder for any contract by an uncertified State or Indian tribe under this part, or for any contract by a certified State or Indian tribe to undertake a noncoal reclamation project under this part, must be eligible under §§ 773.12, 773.13, and 773.14 of this chapter at the time of contract award to receive a permit or be provisionally issued a permit to conduct surface coal mining operations. This section applies only to any contracts by a certified State or Indian tribe that are for coal reclamation or that are for a noncoal reclamation project under this part.
            [80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

          Pt. 876
          PART 876—ACID MINE DRAINAGE TREATMENT AND ABATEMENT PROGRAM

            Sec.
            876.1
            Scope.
            876.10
            Information collection.
            876.12
            Eligibility.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            59 FR 28174, May 31, 1994, unless otherwise noted.

            § 876.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the requirements and procedures for the preparation, submission and approval of State or Indian tribe Acid Mine Drainage Treatment and Abatement Programs.

            § 876.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 876 and assigned it control number 1029-0104. OSM will use the information to determine if the State's or Indian tribe's Acid Mine Drainage Abatement and Treatment Programs is in compliance with legislative mandate. States and Indian tribes are required to respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67641, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 876.12
            Eligibility.
            (a) Beginning December 20, 2006, any uncertified State or Indian tribe having an approved reclamation program may receive and retain, without regard to the limitation in section 402(g)(1)(D) of SMCRA, up to 30 percent of the total of the funds distributed annually to that State or Indian tribe under section 402(g)(1) of SMCRA (State or Tribal share) and section 402(g)(5) of SMCRA (historic coal funds). For funds awarded before December 20, 2006, any uncertified State or Indian tribe may retain up to 10 percent of the funds distributed to it for an acid mine drainage fund. All amounts set aside under this section must be deposited into an acid mine drainage abatement and treatment fund established under State or Indian tribal law.
            (b) Before depositing funds under this part, an uncertified State or Indian tribe must:
            (1) Establish a special fund account providing for the earning of interest on fund balances; and
            (2) Specify that moneys in the account may only be used for the abatement of the causes and treatment of the effects of acid mine drainage in a comprehensive manner within qualified hydrologic units (as defined in paragraph (c) of this section) affected by coal mining practices.
            (c) As used in paragraph (b) of this section, “qualified hydrologic unit” means a hydrologic unit:
            (1) In which the water quality has been significantly affected by acid mine drainage from coal mining practices in a manner that adversely impacts biological resources; and
            (2) That contains lands and waters that are:
            (i) Eligible under section 404 of SMCRA and include any of the priorities described in section 403(a) of SMCRA; and
            (ii) The subject of the expenditure from the forfeiture of a bond required under section 509 of SMCRA or from other State sources to abate and treat acid mine drainage.
            (d) After the conditions specified in paragraphs (a) and (b) of this section are met, OSM may approve a grant and the State or Indian tribe may deposit moneys into the special fund account. The moneys so deposited, together with any interest earned, must be considered State or Indian tribal moneys.
            [73 FR 67641, Nov. 14, 2008]

          Pt. 877
          PART 877—RIGHTS OF ENTRY

            Sec.
            877.1
            Scope.
            877.10
            Information collection.
            877.11
            Written consent for entry.
            877.13
            Entry and consent to reclaim.
            877.14
            Entry for emergency reclamation.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 28597, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 877.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes procedures for entry upon lands or property by OSMRE, States, and Indian tribes for reclamation purposes. For certified States or Indian tribes conducting noncoal reclamation projects under the provisions of part 875, the term “noncoal” replaces all references to “coal” in this part.
            [80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 877.10
            Information collection.
            The information collection requirements contained in §§ 877.11 and 877.13(b) were approved by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) under 44 U.S.C. 3507 and assigned clearance number 1029-0055. This information is being collected to meet the mandate of section 407 of the Act, which provides that States or Indian tribes, pursuant to an approved reclamation program, may use the police power, if necessary, to effect entry upon private lands to conduct reclamation activities or exploratory studies if the landowner's consent is refused or the landowner is not available.
            This information will be used by the regulatory authority to ensure that the State/Indian tribe has sufficient programmatic capability to conduct reclamation activities on private lands. The obligation to respond is mandatory.

            § 877.11
            Written consent for entry.
            Written consent from the owner of record and lessee, or their authorized agents, is the preferred means for obtaining agreements to enter lands in order to carry out reclamation activities. Nonconsensual entry by exercise of the police power will be undertaken only after reasonable efforts have been made to obtain written consent.

            § 877.13
            Entry and consent to reclaim.
            (a) OSM, the State, or Indian tribe or its agents, employees, or contractors may enter upon land to perform reclamation activities or conduct studies or exploratory work to determine the existence of the adverse effects of past coal mining if consent from the owner is obtained.
            (b) If consent is not obtained, then, prior to entry under this section, the OSM, State, or Indian tribe shall find in writing, with supporting reasons that—
            (1) Land or water resources have been or may be adversely affected by past coal mining practices;
            (2) The adverse effects are at a state where, in the interest of the public health, safety, or the general welfare, action to restore, reclaim, abate, control, or prevent should be taken; and
            (3) The owner of the land or water resources where entry must be made to restore, reclaim, abate, control, or prevent the adverse effects of past coal mining practices is not known or readily available, or the owner will not give permission for OSM, State, or Indian tribe or its agents, employees, or contractors to enter upon such property to restore, reclaim, abate, control, or prevent the effects of past coal mining practices.
            (c) If consent is not obtained, OSM, State, or Indian tribe shall give notice of its intent to enter for purposes of conducting reclamation at least 30 days before entry upon the property. The notice shall be in writing and shall be mailed, return receipt requested, to the owner, if known, with a copy of the findings required by this section. If the owner is not known, or if the current mailing address of the owner is not known, notice shall be posted in one or more places on the property to be entered where it is readily visible to the public and advertised once in a newspaper of general circulation in the locality in which the land is located. The notice posted on the property and advertised in the newspaper shall include a statement of where the findings required by this section may be inspected or obtained.

            § 877.14
            Entry for emergency reclamation.
            (a) OSM, its agents, employees, or contractors shall have the right to enter upon any land where an emergency exists and on any other land to have access to the land where the emergency exists to restore, reclaim, abate, control, or prevent the adverse effects of coal mining practices and to do all things necessary to protect the public health, safety, or general welfare.
            (b) Prior to entry under this section, OSM shall make a written finding with supporting reasons that the situation qualifies as an emergency in accordance with the requirements set out in section 410 of the Act.
            (c) Notice to the owner shall not be required prior to entry for emergency reclamation. OSM shall make reasonable efforts to notify the owner and obtain consent prior to entry, consistent with the emergency conditions that exist. Written notice shall be given to the owner as soon after entry as practical in accordance with the requirements set out in § 877.13(c) of this chapter.

          Pt. 879
          PART 879—ACQUISITION, MANAGEMENT, AND DISPOSITION OF LANDS AND WATER

            Sec.
            879.1
            Scope.
            879.5
            Definitions.
            879.11
            Land eligible for acquisition.
            879.12
            Procedures for acquisition.
            879.13
            Acceptance of gifts of land.
            879.14
            Management of acquired land.
            879.15
            Disposition of reclaimed land.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 28597, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 879.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes procedures for acquisition of eligible land and water resources for emergency abatement activities and reclamation purposes by you, a State or Indian tribe, with an approved reclamation program that has not certified completion of coal reclamation or a certified State or Indian tribe conducting noncoal reclamation activities under part 875 of this chapter, or by us. It also provides procedures for the management and disposition of lands acquired by the State, the Indian tribe, or us. For certified States or Indian tribes conducting noncoal reclamation projects under the provisions of part 875, the term “noncoal” replaces all references to “coal” in this part.
            [80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 879.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.
            [73 FR 67641, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 879.11
            Land eligible for acquisition.
            (a)(1) We may acquire land adversely affected by past coal mining practices with moneys from the Fund.
            (2) You, an uncertified State or Indian tribe or a certified State or Indian tribe conducting noncoal reclamation projects under part 875 of this chapter, may acquire land adversely affected by past coal mining practices with moneys from the Fund or with prior balance replacement funds and certified in lieu funds provided under §§ 872.29 and 872.32 of this chapter, provided that we first approve the acquisition in writing.
            (3) Before acquiring land under paragraph (a)(1) of this section or approving land acquisition under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, we must make a finding that the land acquisition is necessary for successful reclamation and that—
            (i) The acquired land will serve recreation, historic, conservation, and reclamation purposes or provide open space benefits after restoration, reclamation, abatement, control, or prevention of the adverse effects of past coal mining practices; and

            (ii) Permanent facilities will be constructed on the land for the restoration, reclamation, abatement, control, or prevention of the adverse effects of past coal mining practices. For the purposes of this paragraph, “permanent facility” means any structure that is built, installed, or established to serve a particular purpose or any manipulation or modification of the site that is designed to remain after the reclamation activity is completed, such as a relocated stream channel or diversion ditch.
            (b) You, an uncertified State or Indian tribe or a certified State or Indian tribe conducting noncoal reclamation projects under part 875 of this chapter, if approved in advance by us, may acquire coal refuse disposal sites, including the coal refuse, with moneys from the Fund and with prior balance replacement funds and certified in lieu funds provided under §§ 872.29 and 872.32 of this chapter. We, OSMRE, also may use moneys from the Fund to acquire coal refuse disposal sites, including the coal refuse.
            (1) Before the approval of the acquisition, the reclamation program seeking to acquire the site will make a finding in writing that the acquisition is necessary for successful reclamation and will serve the purposes of the reclamation program.
            (2) Where an emergency situation exists and a written finding as set forth in § 877.14 of this chapter has been made, we may acquire lands where public ownership is necessary and will prevent recurrence of the adverse effects of past coal mining practices.
            (c) Land adversely affected by past coal mining practices may be acquired by us if the acquisition is an integral and necessary element of an economically feasible plan or project to construct or rehabilitate housing which meets the specific requirements in section 407(h) of SMCRA.
            (d) Land or interests in land needed to fill voids, seal abandoned tunnels, shafts, and entryways or reclaim surface impacts of underground or surface mines may be acquired by the OSM, State, or Indian tribe if OSM finds that acquisition is necessary under part 875 of this chapter.
            (e) The OSM, State, or Indian tribe which acquires land under this part shall acquire only such interests in the land as are necessary for the reclamation work planned or the postreclamation use of the land. Interests in improvements on the land, mineral rights, or associated water rights may be acquired if—
            (1) The customary practices and laws of the State in which the land is located will not allow severance of such interests from the surface estate; or
            (2) Such interests are necessary for the reclamation work planned or for the postreclamation use of the land; and
            (3) Adequate written assurances cannot be obtained from the owner of the severed interest that future use will not be in conflict with the reclamation to be accomplished.
            [47 FR 28597, June 30, 1982, as amended at 73 FR 67641, Nov. 14, 2008; 80 FR 6446, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 879.12
            Procedures for acquisition.
            (a) An appraisal of all land or interest in land to be acquired shall be obtained by the OSM, State, or Indian tribe. The appraisal shall state the fair market value of the land as adversely affected by past mining.
            (b) When practical, acquisition shall be by purchase from a willing seller. The amount paid for land or interests in land acquired shall reflect the fair market value of the land or interests in land as adversely affected by past mining.
            (c) When necessary, land or interests in land may be acquired by condemnation. Condemnation procedures shall not be started until all reasonable efforts have been made to purchase the land or interests in lands from a willing seller.

            (d) The OSM, State, or Indian tribe which acquires land under this part shall comply, at a minimum, with the Uniform Relocation Assistance and Real Property Acquisition Policies Act of 1970, 42 U.S.C. 4601, et seq., and 41 CFR part 114-50.

            § 879.13
            Acceptance of gifts of land.
            (a) The OSM, State, or Indian tribe under an approved reclamation plan may accept donations of title to land or interests in land if the land proposed for donation meets the requirements set out in § 879.11.
            (b) Offers to make a gift of land or interest in land to the U.S. Government shall be in writing and comply with U.S. Department of the Interior regulations for land donations. The States and Indian tribes may use procedures provided by applicable State or Indian tribal law.

            § 879.14
            Management of acquired land.
            Land acquired under this part may be used for any lawful purpose that is consistent with the necessary reclamation activities. Procedures for collection of user charges or the waiver of such charges by the OSM, State, or Indian tribe shall provide that all user fees collected shall be deposited in the appropriate Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund.

            § 879.15
            Disposition of reclaimed land.
            (a) Prior to the disposition of any land acquired under this part, OSM, State, or Indian tribe shall publish a notice of proposed land disposition, hold public hearings, if required, and make written findings in accordance with the authority contained in section 407(g)(2) of the Act.
            (b) OSM may transfer administrative responsibility for land acquired by OSM to any Federal Department or Agency, with or without cost to that Department or Agency. OSM may transfer title for land acquired by OSM to any State or Indian tribe or to any agency or political subdivision of a State or Indian tribe, with or without cost to that entity, for the purposes set out in paragraphs (e) or (f) of this section. The agreement under which a transfer is made shall specify—
            (1) The purposes for which the land may be used, which shall be consistent with the authorization under which the land was acquired; and
            (2) That the title of administrative responsibility for the land shall revert to OSM, State, or Indian tribe if, at any time in the future, OSM finds that the land is not used for the purposes specified.
            (c) OSM may accept title for abandoned and unreclaimed land to be reclaimed and administered by OSM. If a State or Indian tribe transfers land to OSM under this section, that State or Indian tribe shall have a preference right to purchase such land from OSM after reclamation is completed. The price to be paid by the State or Indian tribe shall be the fair market value of the land in its reclaimed condition less any portion of the land acquisition price paid by the State or Indian tribe.
            (d) OSM may sell land acquired and reclaimed under this part, except that acquired for housing under § 879.11(c), to the State or local government at less than fair market value but in no case less than purchase price plus reclamation cost provided such land is used for a valid public purpose.
            (e) OSM may transfer or sell land acquired for housing under § 879.11(c), with or without monetary consideration, to any State or political subdivision of a State, to an Indian tribe, or to any firm, association, or corporation. The conditions of transfer or sale shall be in accordance with section 407(h) of the Act.
            (f) OSM may transfer title for land acquired for housing under § 879.11(c) by grants or commitments for grants, or may advance money under such terms and conditions as required, to—
            (1) Any State or Indian tribe; or
            (2) A department, agency, or instrumentality of a State; or
            (3) Any public body or nonprofit organization designated by a State.
            (g)(1) OSM may sell or authorize the States or Indian tribes to sell land acquired under this part by public sale if—
            (i) Such land is suitable for industrial, commercial, residential, or recreational development;
            (ii) Such development is consistent with local, State, of Federal land use plans for the area in which the land is located; and
            (iii) Retention by OSM, State, or Indian tribe, or disposal under other paragraphs of this section is not in the public interest.
            (2) Disposal procedures will be in accordance with section 407(g) of the Act and applicable State or Indian tribal requirements.
            (3) States may transfer title or administrative responsibility for land to cities, municipalities, or quasi-governmental bodies, provided that the State provide for the reverter of the title or administrative responsibility if the land is no longer used for the purposes originally proposed.

            (h) You must return all moneys received from disposal of land under this part to us. We will handle all moneys received under this paragraph as unused funds in accordance with §§ 885.19 and 886.20 of this chapter.
            [47 FR 28597, June 30, 1982, as amended at 73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008; 80 FR 6447, Feb. 5, 2015]

          Pt. 880
          PART 880—MINE FIRE CONTROL

            Sec.
            880.1
            Scope.
            880.5
            Definitions.
            880.11
            Qualifications of projects.
            880.12
            Cooperative agreements.
            880.13
            Project implementation.
            880.14
            Administration of contributions.
            880.15
            Assistance by States or Indian tribes, local authorities, and private parties.
            880.16
            Civil rights.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 37378, Aug. 18, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 880.1
            Scope.
            Projects for the control or extinguishment of outcrop or underground fires in coal formations under the authority of the Act of August 31, 1954 (30 U.S.C. 551-558); section 205(a)(2) of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (Pub. L. 89-4, 79 Stat. 5), and the Energy Policy Act of 1992 (Pub. L. 102-486).
            [59 FR 52377, Oct. 17, 1994]

            § 880.5
            Definitions.
            As used in the regulations in this part and in cooperative agreements, entered into pursuant to the regulations in this part:
            (a) Government means the United States of America;
            (b) Commission means the Appalachian Regional Development Commission established by section 101 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965;
            (c) Local authorities means the State or local governmental bodies organized and existing under the authority of State laws, including, but not limited to, a county, city, township, town, or borough;
            (d) Approved abandoned mine reclamation program means a program meeting the requirements defined in section 405 of PL 95-87, as amended;
            (e) Operating coal mine means a coal mine for which the regulatory authority has not terminated its jurisdiction as set out under 30 CFR 700.11(d)(1);
            (f) Inactive coal mine means a coal mine for which the regulatory authority has terminated its jurisdiction as set out under 30 CFR 700.11(d)(1);
            (g) Project means a project whose purpose is to control or extinguish fires in coal formations.
            (h) Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.
            [48 FR 37378, Aug. 18, 1983. Redesignated and amended at 59 FR 52377, Oct. 17, 1994; 73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 880.11
            Qualifications of projects.
            The purpose of all projects is to prevent injury and loss of life, protect public health, conserve natural resources, or protect public and private property. Federal funds cannot be used to fund projects in privately owned operating coal mines. Further, any such cooperative agreement that is entered into under the Energy Policy Act of 1992 with an AML State eligible to receive funds from the Appalachian Regional Development Commission is not subject to review by that Commission.
            [59 FR 52377, Oct. 17, 1994]

            § 880.12
            Cooperative agreements.
            (a) OSM shall, upon application by a State or Indian tribe with an approved abandoned mine reclamation program, enter into a cooperative agreement with the State or Indian tribe to control or extinguish fires in coal formations.

            (b) OSM may conduct coal formation fire control projects in States not having an approved abandoned mine reclamation program or on Indian lands if the tribe does not have an approved abandoned mine reclamation program. However, upon application by such a State or Indian tribe, OSM may enter into a cooperative agreement with the State or Indian tribe and the local authorities to control or extinguish fires in coal formations. OSM shall require in connection with any project for the control or extinguishment of fires in any inactive coal mine on lands not owned or controlled by the United States or any of its agencies, except where such project is necessary for the protection of lands or other property owned or controlled by the United States or any of its agencies in such a State that: (1) the State or the person owning or controlling such lands contribute on a matching basis 50 percent of the cost of planning and executing such project, or (2) if such State or person furnishes evidence satisfactory to the Secretary of an inability to make the immediately matching contribution herein provided for, that such State or person pay the Government, within such time as the Secretary shall determine, an amount equal to 50 percent of the cost of planning and executing such project. If the project is funded by the Appalachian Regional Commission, the Federal share shall not exceed 75 percent of the cost of the project.
            (c) OSM is authorized to conduct fire control projects on lands owned or controlled by the United States. However, upon application by another Federal agency having jurisdiction for lands owned or controlled by the United States, or a State or Indian tribe having an approved abandoned mine reclamation program and agreements with Federal agencies to conduct such projects on Federal lands within its boundaries, OSM may enter into an agreement with either the other Federal agency or State or Indian tribe to control or extinguish fires in coal formations. There are no cost sharing requirements for this type of project.
            [59 FR 52378, Oct. 17, 1994]

            § 880.13
            Project implementation.
            (a) Under cooperative agreements with States or Indian tribes having an approved AML reclamation plan:
            (1) States or Indian tribes will design, plan, and engineer a method of operation for control or extinguishment of the outcrop or underground mine fire, and will execute the project through a project contract, or, if the work is to be done in phases, a series of project contracts.
            (2) If OSM assistance is required, OSM will be reimbursed by the State or Indian tribe for all costs incurred, including OSM employees' time.
            (b) In States and on Indian lands under the jurisdiction of tribes not having approved AML reclamation plans and on Federal lands, OSM has the authority to design, plan, and engineer a method of operation for control or extinguishment of the outcrop or underground mine fire, and will execute the project through a project contract, or, if the work is to be done in phases, a series of project contracts. OSM, may, at its discretion, delegate authority to perform this work to States or Indian tribes or other Federal agencies.
            [59 FR 52378, Oct. 17, 1994]

            § 880.14
            Administration of contributions.
            Financial contributions made by a State or Indian tribe, local authorities, or another Federal agency will be deposited in a trust fund in the Treasury of the United States. These contributions can be withdrawn by OSM and expended by the organization executing the project (OSM, a State, Indian tribe, or another Federal agency) pursuant to the cooperative agreement as necessary in performance of the project work. Withdrawals and expenditures from the trust fund will be made only for costs connected with the project. Any part of the money contributed by a State, Indian tribe, local authority, or another Federal agency for an individual project that remains unexpended upon the completion or termination of project will be returned to the State, Indian tribe, local authority, or other Federal agency.
            [59 FR 52378, Oct. 17, 1994]

            § 880.15
            Assistance by States or Indian tribes, local authorities, and private parties.
            States Indian tribes, local authorities, or private parties, as may be appropriate in each particular project, and without cost or charge to project costs may:
            (a) Provide assistance in planning and engineering the project, as requested by the organization executing the project;

            (b) Furnish best available information, data, and maps on the location of the project and the location of water, sewer, and power lines within the project area, and maps or plats showing properties and lands on which releases, consents, or rights or interests in lands have been obtained;
            (c) Obtain and deliver to OSM releases, proper consent or the necessary rights or interests in lands, and other documents required by OSM for approval of the project, and in form and substance satisfactory to OSM;
            (d) Furnish a certification in form and substance satisfactory to OSM that the releases, consents, or the necessary rights or interests in lands, are from all the legal property owners within the project area;
            (e) Agree to indemnify and hold the Government harmless should any property owner within the project area make any claim for damage resulting from the work within the project area if releases, consents or rights or interests were not obtained from such property owner by the State or local authorities;
            (f) Grant to the Government the right to enter upon streets, roads, and other land owned or controlled by the State or the local authorities overlying or adjacent to the project fire area, and to conduct thereon the operations referred to in the cooperative agreement and project contract, and agree to hold the Government harmless from any claim for damage arising out of the project operations to property owned, possessed or controlled by the State or local authorities in the vicinity of the project area;
            (g) Furnish noncombustible materials suitable for implementing the planned fire control work. This material may be waste or borrow material obtained at the site or brought in from off-site.
            (h) Maintain and perform maintenance work on the project as may be provided in the cooperative agreement;
            (i) Agree not to mine or permit mining of coal or other minerals on property owned or controlled by the State or local authorities, if required by OSM, to assure the success of, or protection to, the project work and the control or extinguishment of the fire, and for such period of time as may be required by OSM; and
            (j) If necessary, procure the enactment of State or local laws providing for the control and extinguishment of outcrop and underground fires in coal formations on State or privately owned lands and the cooperation of the State or local authorities in the work and the requisite authority to permit the States or local authorities to meet the obligations imposed by the regulations in this part of a cooperative agreement.
            [51 FR 5493, Feb. 13, 1986. Redesignated at 59 FR 52377, Oct. 17, 1994, and amended at 59 FR 52378, Oct. 17, 1994]

            § 880.16
            Civil rights.
            State and local authorities shall comply with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L. 88-352) and all requirements imposed by or pursuant to the regulations of the Department of the Interior entitled “Nondiscrimination in Federally-assisted Programs of the Department of the Interior-Effectuation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964” (43 CFR part 17) and shall give assurances of compliance in such form as may be required by the Director.
            [48 FR 37378, Aug. 18, 1983. Redesignated at 59 FR 52378, Oct. 17, 1994]

          Pt. 881
          PART 881—SUBSIDENCE AND STRIP MINE REHABILITATION, APPALACHIA

            Sec.
            881.1
            Purpose and scope.
            881.2
            Definitions.
            881.3
            Qualification of projects.
            881.4
            Application of contribution.
            881.5
            Cooperative agreements.
            881.6
            Project contract.
            881.7
            Administration of contributions.
            881.8
            Withholding of payments.
            881.9
            Reports.
            881.10
            Obligations of States or local authorities.
            881.11
            Nondiscrimination.
            881.12
            Civil rights.

            Authority:

            Sec. 205, 79 Stat. 13 (40 U.S.C. App. 205), and Pub. L. 95-87, 30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            48 FR 37379, Aug. 18, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 881.1
            Purpose and scope.
            The regulations in this part provide for contributions by the Secretary with respect to projects in the Appalachian Region for the sealing and filling of voids in abandoned coal mines or for the reclamation and rehabilitation of existing strip and surface mine areas under the authority of subsection (a)(1) of section 205 of the Appalachian Region Development Act of 1965 (Pub. L. 89-4, 79 Stat. 5)

            § 881.2
            Definitions.
            As used in the regulations in this part and in cooperative agreements entered into pursuant to the regulations in this part:
            (a) Government means the United States of America;
            (b) Commission means the Appalachian Regional Development Commission established by section 101 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965;
            (c) State means any one of the States listed in section 403 of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965; and
            (d) Local authorities or local bodies of government means a county, city, township, town, or borough, and other local governmental bodies organized and existing under authority or State laws.

            § 881.3
            Qualification of projects.
            (a) Projects for the reclamation and rehabilitation of strip-mined areas will be considered only if all of the lands embraced within the project are lands owned by the Federal Government, a State, or local bodies of government.
            (b) Projects must be submitted by a State to the Commission and receive the approval of that body.

            § 881.4
            Application of contribution.
            (a) A State in its application for contribution to a project shall fully describe the conditions existing in the project area and give a full justification for the project in terms of the relationship of the potential benefits that will result from the project to the estimated costs of the project and in terms of the improvement, on a continuing basis, to the economic potential of the State or area which the project will bring about. If the project entails the reclamation and rehabilitation of strip and surface mined areas, the application shall state the uses to which the lands will be put.
            (b) Before submitting a project to the Secretary for approval, the Director shall obtain from the State the following:
            (1) Copies of inspection procedures, designs, plans and methods of engineering proposed for the construction, installation, services or work to be performed to accomplish the objectives of the project;
            (2) Accurate information, data, and maps of the location of the project, the area involved, and, if the project consists of work designed to prevent or alleviate subsidence, information, data, and maps (if available) of the seams of coal to be filled or flushed;
            (3) The proposed advertisement for bids for each project contract, which advertisement shall include suitable references concerning the fact that the project is one to the cost of which the Government will contribute under the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965, and that the State's acceptance of liability arising out of any bid shall be subject to contribution by the Government under the provisions of a cooperative agreement with the Government for that purpose;
            (4) The proposed project contract, together with specifications and drawings pertaining to the equipment, materials, labor and work to be performed by the project contractor;
            (5) Releases, proper consent or the necessary rights or interests in lands and coal formations, for gaining access to and carrying out work in or on the project, and other documents required by OSM for approval of the project, and in form and substance satisfactory to OSM;

            (6) Certifications or documents, as may be required by OSM, indicating public ownership or control of subsurface coal or mineral rights accompanied by appropriate resolutions from the State or local authorities to indemnify and hold the Government harmless should any property owner within the project area make any claim for damage resulting from the work within the project area if releases, consents or rights or interests were not obtained from such property owner by the State or local authorities, and not to mine or permit mining of coals or other minerals in property owned or controlled by the State or local authorities.
            (7) If the project is for the rehabilitation or reclamation of a strip mine area, evidence satisfactory to the Secretary that the State or local authority owns the lands upon which the project is proposed to be carried out, and that effective installation, operation, and maintenance safeguards will be enforced;
            (8) The estimated total cost of the proposed project and, if the work is proposed to be performed in phases, the estimated cost of each phase.
            (c) If the Secretary approves the project, the Director will submit to the State a coopertive agreement establishing the estimated cost of the project in the amount approved by the Secretary.

            § 881.5
            Cooperative agreements.
            (a) Each project shall be covered by a cooperative agreement between the Government, as represented by the Director, and the State. The agreement shall establish the total estimated cost of the project and, if the project is to be accomplished in phases, the estimated cost of each phase. The maximum obligations of the parties to share the cost of the project shall be stated in terms of the total estimated cost of the project and, if project is to be accomplished in phases, in terms of the estimated cost of each phase. Other responsibilities of the parties shall also be described in the agreement, as may be agreed upon and as may be in conformity with these regulations, to meet the needs and requirements of a particular project.
            (b) The Government's obligation to contribute funds may be less than but shall not exceed 75 percent of the total estimated cost of the project. The obligation of the State (and, if appropriate, the local authorities) to contribute funds may be more but shall not be less than 25 percent of the total estimated cost of the project.
            (c) None of the funds contributed by the Government or by the State shall be used for operating or maintaining the project or for the purchase of culm, rock, spoil, or other filling or flushing material.
            (d) The Director may, without approval by the Secretary execute amendments to a cooperative agreement which will cover (1) acceptance of a bid on a proposed project contract that does not exceed by more than 20 percent the estimated cost, initially established in the cooperative agreement, of the work covered by the proposed project contract, and (2) the estimated costs of additional work under a project contract, if the estimated cost, initially established in the cooperative agreement, of the work covered by the project contract will not be increased by more than 20 percent.

            § 881.6
            Project contract.
            (a) Upon approval of the project by the Secretary, execution of the cooperative agreement, and receipt of an acceptable bid, the State shall carry out and execute the project through a project contract, or, if the work is to be done in phases, a series of project contracts, entered into by the State and its contractors or suppliers for the construction, installation, services or work to be performed.
            (b) Project contracts shall be entered into only with the lowest responsible bidder pursuant to suitable procedures for advertising and competitive bidding. The Government's obligation to contribute to the cost of a project, or a phase of a project, is limited to the estimated costs established in the cooperative agreement. If the bids on work to be done under a proposed project contract exceed the estimated cost of the work established in the cooperative agreement, the State should not enter into the project contract unless the cooperative agreement has been amended to provide for an increase in contributions sufficient to meet the increase in costs, or unless the State wishes to assume the excess cost of the project.
            (c) OSM shall be advised of the time and place of the opening of bids on a proposed project contract and may have a representative present.

            (d) If the State amends a project contract, or issues a change order thereunder, and the amendment or change order results in an expenditure under the project contract in excess of the estimated cost of the work established in the cooperative agreement, the Government shall be under no obligation to contribute to such excess costs unless the cooperative agreement has been amended to provide for an increase in contributions by the parties sufficient to meet such excess costs.
            (e) The State shall furnish the Director, in duplicate, a certified true executed copy of each project contract with related plans, specifications, and drawings annexed thereto, promptly upon its execution.
            (f) The State shall include in each project contract provisions to the effect that—
            (1) Regardless of any agreement between the State and the Government respecting contributions by the Government to the cost of the contract under the provisions of section 205(a)(1) of the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965 (Pub. L. 89-4, 79 Stat. 5), the Government shall not be considered to be a party to the contract or in any manner liable thereunder. Neither the Government nor any of its officers, agents, or employees shall be responsible for any loss, expense, damages to property, or injuries to persons, which may arise from or be incident to the use and occupation of any property affected by the operations contemplated under the project, or for damages to the property of the contractor, or for injuries to the person of the contractor, or for damages to the property, or injuries to the contractor's officers, agents, servants, or employees, or others who may be on said premises at their invitation or the invitation of any of them, and the State and the project contractor shall hold the Government and any of its officers, agents, or employees, harmless from all such claims.
            (2) The Secretary of the Interior or the Director of OSM or their authorized representative may enter upon and inspect the project at any reasonable time and may confer with the contractor and the State regarding the conduct of project operations.
            (3) All laborers and mechanics employed by the contractor or subcontractors on the project shall be paid wages at rates not less than those prevailing on similar construction in the locality as determined by the Secretary of Labor in accordance with the Davis-Bacon Act, as amended (40 U.S.C. 276a-276a-5). The Secretary of Labor shall have with respect to such labor standards, the authority and functions set forth in Reorganization Plan Number 14 of 1950 (15 FR 3176, 64 Stat. 1267, 5 U.S.C. 133-133z-15), and section 2 of the Act of June 13, 1934, as amended (48 Stat. 948, as amended; 40 U.S.C. 276(c)).
            (4) To assure the use of local labor to the maximum extent practicable in the implementation of a project:
            (i) Every contractor or subcontractor undertaking to do work on the project which is or reasonably may be done as onsite work, in carrying out such contract work shall give preference to qualified persons who regularly reside in the labor area as designated by the U.S. Department of Labor wherein such project is situated, or the subregion, or the Appalachian counties of the State wherein such project is situated, except:
            (A) To the extent that qualified persons regularly residing in the area are not available;
            (B) For the reasonable needs of any such contractor or subcontractor, to employ supervisory or specially experienced individuals necessary to assure an efficient execution of the contract;
            (C) For the obligation of any such contractor or subcontractor to offer employment to present or former employees as the result of a lawful collective bargaining contract, provided that in no event shall the number of nonresident persons employed under paragraph (f)(4)(i)(C) exceed 20 percent of the total number of employees employed by such contractor and his subcontractors on such project.
            (ii) Every such contractor and subcontractor shall furnish the appropriate U.S. Employment Service offices with a list of all positions for which laborers, mechanics, and other employees may be required.
            (iii) Every such contractor and subcontractor shall furnish periodic reports to the contracting agency on the extent to which local labor has been used in carrying out the contract work.

            § 881.7
            Administration of contributions.
            (a) The Government's contribution to a State will be made only pursuant to a cooperative agreement and only upon the basis of payments made, or that are then due and payable, by the State under a project contract between the State and its contractor for the construction, installation, services or work performed on individual projects and shall not exceed 75 percent of such amounts.
            (b) The State shall submit to the Director, not more often than once a month and for each cooperative agreement, a separate voucher which describes each payment made or that is due and payable by the State under a project contract. The amounts claimed under each voucher shall be certified by the State as proper charges under the project contract, and the State shall also certify that the amounts have either been paid or are due and payable thereunder. Insofar as the Government's contribution payments related to amounts due and payable rather than amounts already paid, the State shall disburse such funds together with the funds contributed by the State, promptly upon receipt from the Government.
            (c) The State shall maintain suitable records and accounts of its transactions with and payments to project contractors, and the Government may inspect and audit such accounts and records during normal business hours and as it may deem necessary.

            § 881.8
            Withholding of payments.
            Whenever the Secretary, after reasonable notice and opportunity for hearing, finds that there is a failure by the State to expend funds in accordance with the terms and conditions governing the Government's contribution for an approved project, he shall notify the State that further payments will not be made to the State from available appropriations until he is satisfied that there will no longer be any such failure. Until the Secretary is so satisfied, payment of any financial contribution to the State shall be withheld.

            § 881.9
            Reports.
            At such times and in such detail as the Secretary shall require, the State shall furnish to the Secretary a statement with respect to each project showing the work done, the status of the project, expenditures, and amounts obligated, and such other information as may be required.

            § 881.10
            Obligations of States or local authorities.
            (a) The State shall have full responsibility for installing, operating, and maintaining projects constructed pursuant to the regulations in this part.
            (b) The State shall give evidence, satisfactory to the Secretary, that it will enforce effective safeguards with respect to installation, operation, and maintenance.
            (c) The State shall agree that neither the Government nor any of its officers, agents, or employees shall be responsible for any loss, expense, damages to property, or injuries to persons, which may arise from or be incident to work upon, or to the use and occupation of any property affected by operations under, the project, and the State shall agree to hold the Government and its officers, agents, or employees harmless from all such claims.
            (d) In order to assure effective safeguards with respect to installation, operation, and maintenance, the State or local authority will be required to own (or control), the land, subsurface, or coal seams in instances such as the following:
            (1) If the objective of the project is to prevent or alleviate subsidence, the State or local authority shall have or acquire such subsurface and underground rights or interests in such coal seams or coal measures as may be required to assure the stability and continued existence of the project and to such an extent as will give reasonable assurance that the work will not be disturbed in the future.

            (2) If the objective of the project is to rehabilitate or reclaim strip-mined areas, the land shall be owned by the Federal, State, or local body of government. Such ownership shall comprise such mineral, subsurface and underground rights and interests as will assure that no further mining operations will be conducted upon or under the land in the future.
            (3) If the objective of the project is to seal abandoned open shafts, slopes, air holes and other mine openings to underground workings where public safety hazards exist, or to control or prevent erosion, water pollution, or discharge of harmful mine waters, the State shall have or acquire such right, title or interest in the lands as will assure the stability and continued existence of the project work.
            (4) The extent of ownership or control necessary shall be determined with respect to each individual project.
            (e) The State or local authorities, shall agree not to mine or permit the mining of coal or other minerals in the land or property owned or controlled by the State or local authorities, if required by OSM to assure the success or protection of the project work for such period of time as may be required by OSM.
            (f) Upon request of OSM, the State or local authority shall furnish and disclose the nature and extent of its right, title, or interest in lands within, or which may be affected by, the project and submit an analysis, in writing, of the title situation, the effectiveness, extent and strength of the title which has been acquired, and an opinion as to the protection which the documents conveying the various rights, titles, and interests in the land afford the project work and as to any defects in the title.
            (g) If necessary, State and local authorities shall procure the enactment of State or local laws or ordinances providing authority to participate in the work and projects conducted pursuant to the regulations in this part on lands owned by the State, the local authorities, or private persons, and the requisite authority to permit the State or local authorities to meet the obligations imposed by the regulations in this part or a cooperative agreement and to enter into project contracts of the kind and nature contemplated for the work to be performed.

            § 881.11
            Nondiscrimination.
            The State shall comply with the provisions of section 301 of Executive Order 11246 (Sept. 24, 1965; 30 FR 12319, 12935) and shall incorporate the provisions prescribed by section 202 of Executive Order 11246 in each project contract, and shall undertake and agree to assist and cooperate with the Director and the Secretary of Labor, obtain and furnish information, carry out sanctions and penalties, and refrain from dealing with debarred contractors, all as provided in said section 301.

            § 881.12
            Civil rights.
            State or local authorities shall comply with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Pub. L. 88-352) and all requirements imposed by or pursuant to the regulations of the Department of the Interior entitled “Nondiscrimination in Federally-assisted Programs of the Department of the Interior—Effectuation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964” (43 CFR part 17) and shall give assurances of compliance in such forms as may be required by the Director.

          Pt. 882
          PART 882—RECLAMATION ON PRIVATE LAND

            Sec.
            882.1
            Scope.
            882.10
            Information collection.
            882.12
            Appraisals.
            882.13
            Liens.
            882.14
            Satisfaction of liens.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 28599, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 882.1
            Scope.
            This part authorizes reclamation on private land and establishes procedures for recovery of the cost of reclamation activities conducted on privately owned land by the OSM, State, or Indian tribe.

            § 882.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 882 and assigned it control number 1029-0057. This information is being collected to meet the mandate of section 408 of SMCRA, which allows the State or Indian tribe to file liens on private property that has been reclaimed under certain conditions. This information will be used by the regulatory authority to ensure that the State or Indian tribe has sufficient programmatic capability to file liens to recover costs for reclaiming private lands. States and Indian tribes are required to respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 882.12
            Appraisals.
            (a) A notarized appraisal of private land to be reclaimed which may be subject to a lien under § 882.13 shall be obtained from an independent appraiser. The appraisal shall state—
            (1) The estimated market value of the property in its unreclaimed condition; and
            (2) The estimated market value of the property as reclaimed.
            (b) This appraisal shall be made prior to start of reclamation activities. The agency shall furnish to the appraiser information of sufficient detail in the from of plans, factual data, specifications, etc., to make such appraisals. When reclamation requires more than 6 months to complete, an updated appraisal under paragraph (a)(2) of this section shall be made to determine if the increase in value as originally appraised has actually occurred. Such updated appraisal shall not include any increase in value of the land as unreclaimed. If the updated appraised value results in lower increase in value, such increase shall be used as a basis for the lien. However, an increase in value resulting from the updated appraisal shall not be considered in determining a lien. OSM shall provide appraisal standards for Federal projects, and the State or Indian tribes shall provide appraisal standards for State or Indian tribal projects consistent with generally acceptable appraisal practice.

            § 882.13
            Liens.
            (a) OSM, State, or Indian tribe has the discretionary authority to place or waive a lien against land reclaimed if the reclamation results in a significant increase in the fair market value; except that—
            (1) A lien must not be placed against the property of a surface owner who did not consent to, participate in or exercise control over the mining operation which necessitated the reclamation work.
            (2) The basis for making a determination of what constitutes a significant increase in market value or what factual situation constitutes a waiver of lien will be made by OSM, State, or Indian tribe pursuant to the Congressional intent expressed in section 408 of the Act and consistent with State or Indian tribal laws governing liens.
            (3) A lien may be waived if findings made prior to construction indicate that the reclamation work to be performed on private land shall primarily benefit the health, safety, or environmental values of the greater community or area in which the land is located; or if the reclamation is necessitated by an unforeseen occurrence, and the work performed to restore that land will not result in a significant increase in the market value of the land as it existed immediately before the unforeseen occurrence; and
            (4) OSM, State, or Indian tribe may waive the lien if the cost of filing it, including indirect costs to OSM, State, or Indian tribe, exceeds the increase in fair market value as a result of reclamation activities.

            (b) If a lien is to be filed, the OSM, State, or Indian tribe shall, within 6 months after the completion of the reclamation work, file a statement in the office having responsibility under applicable law for recording judgments and placing liens against land. Such statement shall consist of notarized copies of the appraisals obtained under § 882.12 and may include an account of moneys expended for the reclamation work. The amount reported to be the increase in value of the property shall constitute the lien to be recorded in compliance with existing Federal, State or Indian tribal laws: Provided, however, That prior to the time of the actual filing of the proposed lien, the landowner shall be notified of the amount of the proposed lien and shall be allowed a reasonable time to prepay that amount instead of allowing the lien to be filed against the property involved.
            (c) Within 60 days after the lien is filed the landowner may petition under local law to determine the increase in market value of the land as a result of reclamation work. Any aggrieved party may appeal in the manner provided by local law.
            [47 FR 28599, June 30, 1982, as amended at 73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 882.14
            Satisfaction of liens.
            (a) A lien placed on private property shall be satisfied, to the extent of the value of the consideration received, at the time of transfer of ownership. Any unsatisfied portion shall remain as a lien on the property.
            (b) The OSM, State, or Indian tribe which files a lien on private property shall maintain or renew it from time to time as may be required under State or local law.
            (c) Moneys derived from the satisfaction of liens established under this part shall be deposited in the appropriate abandoned mine reclamation fund account.

          Pt. 884
          PART 884—STATE RECLAMATION PLANS

            Sec.
            884.1
            Scope.
            884.5
            Definitions.
            884.11
            State eligibility.
            884.13
            Content of proposed State reclamation plan.
            884.14
            State reclamation plan approval.
            884.15
            State reclamation plan amendments.
            884.16
            Suspension of plan.
            884.17
            Other uses by certified States and Indian tribes.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            47 FR 28600, June 30, 1982, unless otherwise noted.

            § 884.1
            Scope.
            This part establishes the procedures and requirements for the preparation, submission and approval of State reclamation plans.

            § 884.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.
            [73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 884.11
            State eligibility.
            You, a State or Indian tribe, are eligible to submit a reclamation plan if you have eligible lands or water as defined in § 700.5 of this chapter within your jurisdiction. We may approve your proposed reclamation plan if you have an approved State regulatory program under section 503 of SMCRA, and you meet the other requirements of this chapter and SMCRA. The States of Tennessee and Missouri are exempt from the requirement for an approved State regulatory program by section 402(g)(8)(B) of SMCRA. The Navajo, Hopi, and Crow Indian tribes are exempt from the requirement for an approved regulatory program by section 405(k) of SMCRA.
            [73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 884.13
            Content of proposed State reclamation plan.
            (a) Requirements applicable to all eligible States and Indian tribes. You must submit the proposed reclamation plan to the Director in writing. The plan must include the information in paragraphs (a)(1) through (6) of this section.
            (1) A designation by the Governor of the State or the governing authority of the Indian tribe of the agency authorized to administer the State or Tribal reclamation program and to receive and administer grants under part 885 or part 886 of this chapter.
            (2) A legal opinion from the State Attorney General or the chief legal officer of the State agency that the designated agency has the authority under State law to conduct the program in accordance with the requirements of Title IV of the Act.
            (3) A description of the policies and procedures to be followed by the designated agency in conducting the reclamation program, including—
            (i) The purposes of the State reclamation program;
            (ii) The specific criteria, consistent with section 403 of the Act for ranking and identifying projects to be funded;

            (iii) The coordination of reclamation work among the State reclamation program, the Rural Abandoned Mine Program administered by the Soil Conservation Service, the reclamation programs of any Indian tribes located within the States, and OSM's reclamation programs; and
            (iv) Policies and procedures regarding land acquisition, management and disposal under 30 CFR part 879;
            (v) Policies and procedures regarding reclamation on private land under 30 CFR part 882;
            (vi) Policies and procedures regarding rights of entry under 30 CFR part 877; and
            (vii) Public participation and involvement in the preparation of the State reclamation plan and in the State reclamation program.
            (4) A description of the administrative and management structure to be used in conducting the reclamation program, including—
            (i) The organization of the designated agency and its relationship to other State organizations or officials that will participate in or augment the agency's reclamation capacity;
            (ii) The personnel staffing policies which will govern the assignment of personnel to the State reclamation program;
            (iii) The purchasing and procurement systems to be used by the agency. Such systems shall meet the requirements of Office of Management and Budget Circular A-102, Attachment 0; and
            (iv) The accounting system to be used by the agency, including specific procedures for the operation of the State Abandoned Mine Reclamation Fund.
            (5) A general description, derived from available data, of the reclamation activities to be conducted under the State reclamation plan, including the known or suspected eligible lands and waters within the State which require reclamation, including—
            (i) A map showing the general location or known or suspected eligible lands and waters;
            (ii) A description of the problems occurring on these lands and waters; and
            (iii) How the plan proposes to address each of the problems occurring on these lands and waters.
            (6) A general description, derived from available data, of the conditions prevailing in the different geographic areas of the State where reclamation is planned, including—
            (i) The economic base;
            (ii) Significant esthetic, historic or cultural, and recreational values; and
            (iii) Endangered and threatened plant, fish, and wildlife and their habitat.
            (b) Additional requirement applicable to certified States and Indian tribes. If you are a certified State or Indian tribe, the plan must include a commitment to address eligible coal problems found or occurring after certification as required in §§ 875.13(a)(3) and 875.14(b) of this chapter.
            [47 FR 28600, June 30, 1982, as amended at 73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008; 75 FR 60276, Sept. 29, 2010; 80 FR 6447, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 884.14
            State reclamation plan approval.
            (a) The Director shall act upon a State reclamation plan within 90 days after submittal. A State reclamation plan shall not be approved until the Director has—
            (1) Held a public hearing on the plan within the State which submitted it, or made a finding that the State provided adequate notice and opportunity for public comment in the development of the plan;
            (2) Solicited and considered the views of other Federal agencies having an interest in plan;
            (3) Determined that the State has the legal authority, policies, and administrative structure necessary to carry out the proposed plan;
            (4) Determined that the proposed plan meets all the requirements of this subchapter;
            (5) Determined that the State has an approved State regulatory program; and
            (6) Determined that the proposed plan is in compliance with all applicable State and Federal laws and regulations.
            (b) If the Director disapproves a proposed State reclamation plan, the Director shall advise the State in writing of the reasons for disapproval. The State may submit a revised proposed State reclamation plan at any time under the procedures of this section.

            § 884.15
            State reclamation plan amendments.
            (a) A State may, at any time, submit to the Director a proposed amendment or revision to its approved reclamation plan. If the amendment or revision changes the objectives, scope or major policies followed by the State in the conduct of its reclamation program, the Director shall follow the procedures set out in § 884.14 in approving or disapproving an amendment or revision of a State reclamation plan.
            (b) The Director shall promptly notify the State of all changes in the Act, the Secretary's regulations or other circumstances which may require an amendment to the State reclamation plan.
            (c) The State shall promptly notify OSM of any conditions or events that prevent or impede it from administering its State reclamation program in accordance with its approved State reclamation plan.
            (d) State reclamation plan amendments may be required by the Director when—
            (1) Changes in the Act or regulations of this chapter result in the approved State reclamation plan no longer meeting the requirements of the Act or this chapter; or
            (2) The State is not conducting its State reclamation program in accordance with the approved State reclamation plan.
            (e) If the Director determines that a State reclamation plan amendment is required, the Director, after consultation with the State, shall establish a reasonable timetable which is consistent with established administrative or legislative procedures in the State for submitting an amendment to the reclamation plan.
            (f) Failure of a State to submit an amendment within the timetable established under paragraph (e) of this section or to make reasonable or diligent efforts in that regard may result in either the suspension of the reclamation plan under § 884.16, reduction, suspension or termination of existing AML grants under § 886.18, or the withdrawal from consideration for approval of all grant applications submitted under § 886.15.
            [51 FR 9444, Mar. 19, 1986]

            § 884.16
            Suspension of plan.
            (a) The Director may suspend a State reclamation plan in whole or in part, if he determines that—
            (1) Approval of the State regulatory program has been withdrawn in whole or in part;
            (2) The State is not conducting the State reclamation program in accordance with its approved State reclamation plan; or
            (3) The State has not submitted a reclamation plan amendment within the time specified under § 884.15.
            (b) If the Director determines that the plan should be suspended, the Director shall notify the State by mail, return receipt requested, of the proposed action. The notice of proposed suspension shall state the reasons for the proposed action. Within 30 days the State must show cause why such action should not be taken. The Director shall afford the State an opportunity for consultation, including a hearing if requested by the State and performance of remedial action prior to the notice of suspension.
            (c) The Director shall notify the State of his decision in writing. The decision of the Director shall be final.
            (d) The Director shall lift the suspension if he determines that the deficiencies that led to suspension have been corrected.
            [47 FR 28600, June 30, 1982, as amended at 51 FR 9444, Mar. 19, 1986]

            § 884.17
            Other uses by certified States and Indian tribes.
            (a) The reclamation plan for a certified State or Indian tribe may provide for the construction of specific public facilities related to the coal or minerals industries in States impacted by coal or minerals development. This form of assistance is available when the Governor of the State or the head of a governing body of an Indian tribe determines there is a need for such activities or construction and the Director concurs.

            (b) Grant applications for uses other than coal reclamation by certified States and Indian tribes may be submitted in accordance with § 885.15 of this chapter.
            [47 FR 28600, June 30, 1982, as amended at 73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008; 80 FR 6447, Feb. 5, 2015]

          Pt. 885
          PART 885—GRANTS FOR CERTIFIED STATES AND INDIAN TRIBES

            Sec.
            885.1
            What does this part do?
            885.5
            Definitions.
            885.10
            Information collection.
            885.11
            Who is eligible for a grant?
            885.12
            What can I use grant funds for?
            885.13
            What are the maximum grant amounts?
            885.14
            How long is my grant?
            885.15
            How do I apply for a grant?
            885.16
            What responsibilities do I have after OSMRE approves my grant?
            885.17
            How can my grant be amended?
            885.18
            What audit, accounting, and administrative requirements must I meet?
            885.19
            What happens to unused funds from my grant?
            885.20
            What must I report?
            885.21
            What happens if I do not comply with applicable Federal law or the terms of my grant?
            885.22
            When and how can my grant be terminated for convenience?

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008, unless otherwise noted.

            § 885.1
            What does this part do?
            This part sets forth procedures for grants to you, a State or Indian tribe that has certified under § 875.13 of this chapter that all known coal reclamation problems in your State or on Indian lands within your jurisdiction have been addressed. OSM's “Final Guidelines for Reclamation Programs and Projects” (66 FR 31250, June 11, 2001) may be used if applicable.

            § 885.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Award means to approve our grant agreement authorizing you to draw down and expend program funds.

              Distribute means to annually assign funds to a specific State or Indian tribe. After distribution, funds are available for award in a grant to that specific State or Indian tribe.

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.

            § 885.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements for all Title IV grants and assigned clearance number 1029-0059. This information is being collected to obtain an estimate from you, the certified State or Indian tribe, of the funds you believe necessary to implement your program and to provide OSM with a means to measure performance results under the Government Performance and Results Act through your obligations of funds. Certified States and Indian tribes are required to respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.

            § 885.11
            Who is eligible for a grant?
            You are eligible for grants under this part if:
            (a) You are a State or Indian tribe with a reclamation plan approved under part 884 of this chapter; and
            (b) You have certified under § 875.13 of this chapter that all known coal problems in your State or on Indian lands in your jurisdiction have been addressed.

            § 885.12
            What can I use grant funds for?
            (a) For all awards under this part, you must use moneys for activities authorized in SMCRA and included in your approved reclamation plan or described in the grant application. In addition, you may use moneys granted under this part to administer your approved reclamation program.
            (b)(1) You may use grant funds as established for each type of funds you receive.
            (2) You may use prior balance replacement funds as provided under § 872.31 of this chapter.

            (3) You may use certified in lieu funds as provided under § 872.34 of this chapter.

            (4) You may use the following moneys for noncoal reclamation projects under section 411 of the Act and part 875 of this chapter:
            (i) Moneys that may be available to you from the Fund.
            (ii) Prior balance replacement funds made available under § 872.31 of this chapter.
            (iii) Certified in lieu funds as provided under § 872.34 of this chapter.
            (c) You may use grant funds for any allowable cost as determined by the OMB cost principles in Circular A-87.
            [73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 6447, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 885.13
            What are the maximum grant amounts?
            (a) You may apply at any time for a grant of any or all of the Title IV funds that are available to you.
            (b) We will not award an amount greater than the total funds distributed to your State or Indian tribe in the current annual fund distribution less any previous awards of current year funds, plus any funds distributed to you in previous years but not awarded, plus any unexpended funds recovered from previous grants and made available to you under § 885.19 of this chapter.
            (c) Funds for the current fiscal year are available for award after the annual fund distribution described in § 872.13 of this chapter.
            (d) Whenever you request it, we will give you information on the amounts and types of funds that are currently available to you.

            § 885.14
            How long is my grant?
            The performance period for your grant will be the time period you request in your grant application.

            § 885.15
            How do I apply for a grant?
            (a) You must use application forms and procedures specified by OSM.
            (b) We award your grant as soon as practicable but no more than 30 days after we receive your complete application.
            (c) If your application is not complete, we inform you as soon as practicable of the additional information we need to receive from you before we can process the award.
            (d) You must agree to expend the funds of the grant in accordance with SMCRA, applicable Federal laws and regulations, and applicable OMB and Treasury Circulars.

            § 885.16
            What responsibilities do I have after OSMRE approves my grant?
            (a) When we award your grant, we send you a written grant agreement stating the terms of the grant.
            (b) After you are awarded a grant, you may assign functions and funds to other Federal, State, or local organizations. However, we will hold you responsible for the overall administration of that grant, including the proper use of funds and reporting.
            (c) The grant award constitutes an obligation of Federal funds. You accept the grant and its conditions once you initiate work under the agreement or draw down awarded funds.
            (d) Although we have approved the grant agreement, you must ensure that any applicable laws, clearances, permits, or requirements are met before you expend funds for projects other than coal reclamation under part 874.

            (e) If you conduct a coal reclamation project under part 874 of this chapter or noncoal reclamation project under part 875 of this chapter, you must not expend any construction funds until you receive a written authorization from us to proceed on an individual project. Our authorization to proceed ensures that both you and we have taken all actions necessary to ensure compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and any other applicable laws, clearances, permits, or requirements.
            (f) To the extent technologically and economically feasible, you must use fuel other than petroleum or natural gas for all public facilities that are planned, constructed, or modified in whole or in part with Title IV grant funds.

            (g) You must not expend more funds than we have awarded. Our award of any grant does not commit or obligate the United States to award any continuation grant or to enter into any grant revision, including grant increases to cover cost overruns.
            [73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 6447, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 885.17
            How can my grant be amended?
            (a) A grant amendment is a change of terms or conditions of the grant agreement. An amendment may be initiated by you or by us.
            (b) You must promptly notify us in writing, or we must promptly notify you in writing, of events or proposed changes that may require a grant amendment.
            (c) All requirements and procedures for grant amendments follow 43 CFR part 12.
            (d) We must award your amended grant agreement within 20 days of receiving your request.

            § 885.18
            What audit, accounting, and administrative requirements must I meet?
            (a) You must comply with the audit requirements of the OMB Circular A-133.
            (b) You must follow procedures governing grant accounting, payment, records, property, and management contained in 43 CFR part 12.

            § 885.19
            What happens to unused funds from my grant?
            All program grant funds are available until expended. If there are any unexpended funds after your grant is completed, we deobligate the funds when we close your grant. We make these unused funds available for re-award to the same certified State or Indian tribe to which they were originally distributed. You may apply for unused funds whenever you choose to request them either in a new grant award or as an amendment to an existing open grant.

            § 885.20
            What must I report?
            (a) For each grant, you must annually report to us the performance and financial information that we request.
            (b) Upon completion of each grant, you must report to us final performance and financial information that we request.
            (c) You must use the AML inventory to maintain a current list of AML problems and to report annual reclamation accomplishments with grant funds.
            (1) If you conduct coal reclamation projects or noncoal reclamation projects under part 875 of this chapter, you must update the AML inventory for each reclamation project as you fund it.
            (2) You must update the AML inventory for each reclamation project you complete as you complete it.

            (3) We must approve any amendments to the AML inventory after December 20, 2006. We define amendment as any coal problems added to the AML inventory in a new or existing problem area.
            [73 FR 67642, Nov. 14, 2008, as amended at 80 FR 6447, Feb. 5, 2015]

            § 885.21
            What happens if I do not comply with applicable Federal law or the terms of my grant?
            If you or your subgrantee materially fails to comply with an award, a reclamation plan, or a Federal statute or regulation, including statutes relating to nondiscrimination, we may take appropriate remedial actions. Enforcement actions and procedures must follow 43 CFR part 12.

            § 885.22
            When and how can my grant be terminated for convenience?
            Either you or we may terminate the grant for convenience following the procedures in 43 CFR part 12.

          Pt. 886
          PART 886—RECLAMATION GRANTS FOR UNCERTIFIED STATES AND INDIAN TRIBES

            Sec.
            886.1
            What does this part do?
            886.5
            Definitions.
            886.10
            Information collection.
            886.11
            Who is eligible for a grant?
            886.12
            What can I use grant funds for?
            886.13
            What are the maximum grant amounts?
            886.14
            How long will my grant be?
            886.15
            How do I apply for a grant?
            886.16
            After OSM approves my grant, what responsibilities do I have?
            886.17
            How can my grant be amended?
            886.18
            What audit and administrative requirements must I meet?
            886.19
            How must I account for grant funds?
            886.20
            What happens to unused funds from my grant?
            886.21
            What must I report?

            886.22
            What records must I maintain?
            886.23
            What actions can OSM take if I do not comply with the terms of my grant?
            886.24
            What procedures will OSM follow to reduce, suspend, or terminate my grant?
            886.25
            How can I appeal a decision to reduce, suspend, or terminate my grant?
            886.26
            When and how can my grant be terminated for convenience?
            886.27
            What special procedures apply to Indian lands not subject to an approved Tribal reclamation program?

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            73 FR 67644, Nov. 14, 2008, unless otherwise noted.

            § 886.1
            What does this part do?
            This part sets forth procedures for grants to you, an uncertified State or Indian tribe, to reclaim eligible lands and water and conduct other activities necessary to carry out your approved reclamation plan. OSM's “Final Guidelines for Reclamation Programs and Projects” (66 FR 31250, June 11, 2001) may be used as applicable.

            § 886.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this Part—

              Award means to approve our grant agreement authorizing you to draw down and expend program funds.

              Distribute means to annually assign funds to a specific State or Indian tribe. After distribution, funds are available for award in a grant to that specific State or Indian tribe.

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.

            § 886.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has approved the information collection requirements of part 886, and Forms OSM-47, OSM-49, and OSM-51, and assigned clearance number 1029-0059. This information is being collected to obtain an estimate from you the uncertified State or Indian tribe of the funds you believe necessary to implement your reclamation program and to provide OSM with a means to measure performance results under the Government Performance and Results Act through State and Tribal obligations of funds. Uncertified States and Indian tribes are required to respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.

            § 886.11
            Who is eligible for a grant?
            You are eligible for grants under this part if:
            (a) You are a State or Indian tribe with a reclamation plan approved under part 884 of this chapter; and
            (b) You have not certified that all known coal problems in your State or on Indian lands in your jurisdiction have been addressed.

            § 886.12
            What can I use grant funds for?
            (a) You must use moneys granted under this part to administer your approved reclamation program and to carry out the specific reclamation and other activities authorized in SMCRA as included in your reclamation plan or your grant application.
            (b) We award grants for reclamation of eligible lands and water in accordance with sections 404 and 409 of SMCRA and §§ 874.12 and 875.12 of this chapter, and in accordance with the priorities stated in section 403 of SMCRA and § 874.13 of this chapter.
            (c) You may use grant funds as established in this chapter for each type of funds you receive in your AML grant. You may use State share funds as provided in § 872.16 of this chapter; Tribal share funds as in § 872.19 of this chapter; historic coal funds as in § 872.23 of this chapter; minimum program make up funds as in § 872.28 of this chapter; prior balance replacement funds as in § 872.31 of this chapter; and Federal expense funds as in § 872.25 of this chapter and in the appropriation.
            (d) You may use grant funds for acquisition of land or interests in land, and any mineral or water rights associated with the land, for up to 90 percent of the costs.
            (e) You may use grant funds only for costs which are allowable as determined by OMB cost principles in Circular A-87.

            § 886.13
            What are the maximum grant amounts?
            (a) You may apply at any time for a grant of any or all of the program funds that are available to you.
            (b) We will not award an amount greater than the total funds distributed to your State or Indian tribe in the current annual fund distribution, less any previous awards of current year funds, plus any funds distributed to you in previous years but not awarded, plus any unexpended funds recovered from previous grants and made available to you under § 886.20 of this chapter.
            (c) Funds for the current fiscal year are available for award after the annual fund distribution described in § 872.13 of this chapter.
            (d) Whenever you request it, we will give you information on the amounts and types of funds that are currently available to you.

            § 886.14
            How long will my grant be?
            (a) We approve a grant period on the basis of the information contained in the grant application showing that projects to be funded will fulfill the objectives of SMCRA and the approved reclamation plan.
            (b) The grant period is normally for 3 years.
            (c) We may extend the grant period at your request. We normally approve one extension for up to one additional year.
            (d) The grant period for funding your administrative costs does not normally exceed the first year of the grant.
            (e) We award grants containing State or Tribal share funds distributed to you in Fiscal Years 2008, 2009, or 2010 for a budget period of five or three years at your request.

            § 886.15
            How do I apply for a grant?
            (a) You must use application forms and procedures specified by OSM.
            (b) We approve or disapprove your grant application within 60 days of receipt.
            (c) If we do not approve your application, we inform you in writing of the reasons for disapproval. We may propose modifications if appropriate. You may resubmit the application or appropriate revised portions of the application. We process the revised application as an original application.
            (d) You must agree to carry out activities funded by the grant in accordance with SMCRA, applicable Federal laws and regulations, and applicable OMB and Treasury Circulars.
            (e) We do not require complete copies of plans and specifications for projects either before the grant is approved or at the start of the project. However, after the start of the project, we may review your plans and specifications at your office, the project site, or any other appropriate site.

            § 886.16
            After OSM approves my grant, what responsibilities do I have?
            (a) When we award your grant, we send you a written grant agreement stating the terms of the grant.
            (b) After you are awarded a grant, you may assign functions and funds to other Federal, State, or local agencies. However, we will hold you responsible for the overall administration of that grant, including the proper use of funds and reporting.
            (c) The grant award constitutes an obligation of Federal funds. You accept the grant and its conditions once you initiate work under the agreement or draw down awarded funds.

            (d) Although we have approved the grant agreement, you must not expend any construction funds until you receive a written authorization to proceed with reclamation on the individual project. Our Authorization to Proceed ensures that both you and we have taken all actions necessary to ensure compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) (42 U.S.C. 4321 et seq.) and any other applicable laws, clearances, permits, or requirements.

            (e) You must enter coal problems in the AML inventory before you expend funds on design or construction activities for a site. We must approve any amendments to the AML inventory made after December 20, 2006. For purposes of this section, we define “amendment” as any coal problem added to the AML inventory in a new or existing problem area and any Priority 3 coal problem in the AML inventory that is elevated to either Priority 1 or Priority 2 status.

            (1) For emergency projects conducted under section 410 of SMCRA, our finding that an emergency condition exists constitutes our approval for the abandoned mine lands problem to be entered into the AML inventory.
            (2) We must approve amendments to the AML inventory for non-emergency coal problems before you, the State or Indian tribe, begin project development or design or use funds for construction activities. In projects where development and design is minimal, this approval may occur during the Authorization to Proceed process.
            (f) To the extent technologically and economically feasible, you must use fuel other than petroleum or natural gas for all public facilities that are planned, constructed, or modified in whole or in part with abandoned mine land grant funds.
            (g) You must not expend more funds than we have awarded. Our award of any grant does not commit or obligate the United States to award any continuation grant or to enter into any grant revision, including grant increases to cover cost overruns.

            § 886.17
            How can my grant be amended?
            (a) A grant amendment is a change of the terms or conditions of the grant agreement. An amendment may be initiated by you or by us.
            (b) You must promptly notify us in writing, or we must promptly notify you in writing, of events or proposed changes that may require a grant amendment.
            (c) All procedures for grant amendments follow 43 CFR part 12.
            (d) We must approve or disapprove the amendment within 30 days of receiving your request.

            § 886.18
            What audit and administrative requirements must I meet?
            (a) You must comply with the audit requirements of the OMB Circular A-133.
            (b) You must follow administrative procedures governing grant payments, property, and related requirements contained in 43 CFR part 12.

            § 886.19
            How must I account for grant funds?
            You must do all of the following in accordance with the requirements of 43 CFR part 12:
            (a) Accurately and timely account for grant funds;
            (b) Adequately safeguard all funds, property, and other assets and assure that they are used solely for authorized purposes;
            (c) Provide a comparison of actual amounts spent with budgeted amounts for each grant;
            (d) Request any cash advances as closely as possible to the actual time of the disbursement; and
            (e) Design a systematic method to assure timely and appropriate resolution of audit findings and recommendations.

            § 886.20
            What happens to unused funds from my grant?
            (a) If there are any unexpended funds after your grant is completed, we deobligate the funds when we close your grant. We treat unused funds as follows:
            (1) We transfer any State share funds under § 872.14 of this chapter or Tribal share funds under § 872.17 that were not expended within three years of the date they were awarded in a grant, except five years for funds awarded in Fiscal Years 2008, 2009, and 2010, to historic coal funds, § 872.21 of this chapter. We distribute any funds transferred to historic coal in the next annual distribution in the same way as historic coal funds from fee collections during that fiscal year.
            (2) We hold any unused Federal expense funds under § 872.24 of this chapter for distribution to any State or Indian tribe as needed for the activity for which the funds were appropriated.
            (3) We make unused funds of all other types available for re-award to the same State or Indian tribe to which they were originally distributed. This includes historic coal funds under § 872.21 of this chapter, minimum program make up funds under § 872.26 of this chapter, and prior balance replacement funds under § 872.29 of this chapter.

            (b) If you have any State share funds or Tribal share funds that were distributed to you in an annual distribution under § 872.15 or § 872.18 of this chapter but that were not awarded to you in grant within 3 years of the date they were distributed, or 5 years for funds distributed in Fiscal Years 2008, 2009, and 2010, we transfer the unawarded funds to the historic coal fund under § 872.21 of this chapter and distribute them in the next annual distribution.

            § 886.21
            What must I report?
            (a) For each grant, you must annually report to us the performance and financial information that we specify.
            (b) Upon completion of each grant, you must submit to us final performance, financial, and property reports, and any other information that we specify.
            (c) When you complete each reclamation project, you must update the AML inventory.

            § 886.22
            What records must I maintain?
            You must maintain complete records in accordance with 43 CFR part 12. Your records must support the information you reported to us. This includes, but is not limited to, books, documents, maps, and other evidence. Accounting records must document procedures and practices sufficient to verify:
            (a) The amount and use of all Title IV funds received; and
            (b) The total direct and indirect costs of the reclamation program for which you received the grant.

            § 886.23
            What actions can OSM take if I do not comply with the terms of my grant?
            (a) If you, or your subgrantee, fail to comply with the terms of your grant, we may take one or more of the following remedial actions, as appropriate in the circumstances:
            (1) Temporarily withhold cash payments pending your correction of the deficiency;
            (2) Disallow (that is, deny both use of Federal funds and matching credit for non-Federal funds) all or part of the cost of the activity or action not in compliance;
            (3) Wholly or partly reduce, suspend or terminate the current award for your program;
            (4) Withhold further grant awards for the program; or
            (5) Take other remedies that may be legally available.
            (b) If we terminate your State regulatory administration and enforcement grant, provided under part 735 of this chapter, for failure to implement, enforce, or maintain an approved State regulatory program or any part thereof, we will terminate the grant awarded under this part. This paragraph does not apply to the States of Missouri or Tennessee under section 402(g)(8)(B) of SMCRA, or to the Navajo, Hopi and Crow Indian tribes under section 405(k) of SMCRA.
            (c) If you fail to enforce the financial interest provisions of part 705 of this chapter, we will terminate the grant.
            (d) If you fail to submit reports required by this part or part 705 of this chapter, we take appropriate remedial actions. We may terminate the grant.
            (e) If you fail to submit a reclamation plan amendment as required by § 884.15 of this chapter, we may reduce, suspend, or terminate all existing AML grants in whole or in part or may refuse to process all future grant applications.
            (f) If you are not in compliance with all Federal statutes relating to nondiscrimination, including but not limited to the following, we will terminate the grant:

            (1) Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, Public Law 88-352, 78 Stat. 252 (42 U.S.C. 2000d et seq.). “Nondiscrimination in Federally Assisted Programs,” which provides that no person in the United States shall on the grounds of race, color, or national origin be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance, and the implementing regulations in 43 CFR part 17.
            (2) Executive Order 11246, as amended by Executive Order 11375, “Equal Employment Opportunity,” requiring that employees or applicants for employment not be discriminated against because of race, creed, color, sex, or national origin, and the implementing regulations in 40 CFR part 60.

            (3) Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Public Law 93-112, 87 Stat. 355 (29 U.S.C. 794), as amended by Executive Order 11914, “Nondiscrimination with Respect to the Handicapped in Federally Assisted Programs.”

            § 886.24
            What procedures will OSM follow to reduce, suspend, or terminate my grant?
            We will use the following procedures to reduce, suspend, or terminate your grant:
            (a) We must give you at least 30 days written notice of intent to reduce, suspend, or terminate a grant. An OSM official authorized to approve your grant must sign our notice of intent. We must send this notice by certified mail, return receipt requested. Our notice must include the reasons for the proposed action and the proposed effective date of the action.
            (b) We must give you opportunity for consultation and remedial action before we reduce or terminate a grant.
            (c) We must notify you in writing of the termination, suspension, or reduction of the grant. The notice must be signed by the authorized approving official and sent by certified mail, return receipt requested.
            (d) Upon termination, you must refund to us that remaining portion of the grant money not encumbered. However, you may retain any portion of the grant that is required to meet contractual commitments made before the effective date of termination.
            (e) You must not make any new commitments of grant funds after receiving notification of our intent to terminate the grant without our approval.
            (f) We may allow termination costs as determined by applicable Federal cost principles listed in OMB Circular A-87.

            § 886.25
            How can I appeal a decision to reduce, suspend, or terminate my grant?
            (a) Within 30 days of our decision to reduce, suspend, or terminate a grant, you may appeal the decision to the Director.
            (1) You must include in your appeal a statement of the decision being appealed and the facts that you believe justify a reversal or modification of the decision.
            (2) The Director must decide the appeal within 30 days of receipt.
            (b) Within 30 days of a decision by the Director to reduce, suspend, or terminate a grant, you may appeal the decision to the Department of the Interior's Office of Hearings and Appeals. You must include in the appeal a statement of the decision being appealed and the facts that you believe justify a reversal or modification of the decision.

            § 886.26
            When and how can my grant be terminated for convenience?
            Either you or we may terminate or reduce a grant if both parties agree that continuing the program would not produce benefits worth the additional costs. We will handle a termination for convenience as an amendment to the grant to be approved by the OSM official authorized to approve your grant.

            § 886.27
            What special procedures apply to Indian lands not subject to an approved Tribal reclamation program?
            (a) This section applies to Indian lands not subject to an approved Tribal reclamation program. The Director is authorized to mitigate emergency situations or extreme danger situations arising from past mining practices and begin reclamation of other areas determined to have high priority on such lands.
            (b) The Director is authorized to receive proposals from Indian tribes for projects that should be carried out on Indian lands subject to this section and to carry out these projects under parts 872 through 882 of this chapter.
            (c) For reclamation activities carried out under this section on Indian lands, the Director shall consult with the Indian tribe and the Bureau of Indian Affairs office having jurisdiction over the Indian lands.
            (d) If a proposal is made by an Indian tribe and approved by the Director, the Tribal governing body shall approve the project plans. The costs of the project may be charged against Federal expense funds under § 872.25 of this chapter.

            (e) Approved projects may be carried out directly by the Director or through such arrangements as the Director may make with the Bureau of Indian Affairs or other agencies.

          Pt. 887
          PART 887—SUBSIDENCE INSURANCE PROGRAM GRANTS

            Sec.
            887.1
            Scope.
            887.5
            Definitions.
            887.10
            Information collection.
            887.11
            Eligibility for grants.
            887.12
            Coverage and amount of grants.
            887.13
            Grant period.
            887.15
            Grant administration requirements and procedures.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            Source:
            51 FR 5493, Feb. 13, 1986, unless otherwise noted.

            § 887.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth the procedures for grants to you, a State or Indian tribe with an approved reclamation plan to establish, administer, and operate a self-sustaining individual State or Indian tribe administered program to insure private property against damages caused by land subsidence resulting from underground coal mining.
            [73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 887.5
            Definitions.
            As used in this part—

              Establishment—means either the development of a subsidence insurance program or the administration or operation of a subsidence insurance program.

              Private property—means any or all of the following: dwellings and improvements, commercial and industrial structures, utilities, underground structures such as sewers, pipes, wells and septic systems, sidewalks and driveways, and land.

              Reclamation plan or State reclamation plan means a plan that a State or Indian tribe submitted and that we approved under section 405 of SMCRA and part 884 of this chapter.

              Self-sustaining means maintaining an insurance rate structure which is designed to be actuarially sound. Self-sustaining requires that State or Indian tribal subsidence insurance programs provide for recovery of payments made in settlement for damages from any party responsible for the damages under the law of the State or Indian tribe. Actuarial soundness implies that funds are sufficient to cover expected losses and expenses including a reasonable allowance for underwriting services and contingencies. Self-sustaining must not preclude the use of funds from other non-Federal sources.

              State or Indian tribe administered means administered either directly by a State or Indian tribe or for a State or Indian tribe through a State or Indian tribal authorized commission, board, contractor such as an insurance company, or other entity subject to State or Indian tribal direction.
            [51 FR 5493, Feb. 13, 1986, as amended at 73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 887.10
            Information collection.
            In accordance with 44 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., the OMB has approved the information collection requirements of part 887 and assigned it control number 1029-0107. This information is being collected to support State and Indian tribal grant requests for moneys for the establishment, administration, and operation of self-sustaining State or Indian tribal administered subsidence insurance programs. States and Indian tribes are required to respond to obtain a benefit in accordance with SMCRA. A Federal agency may not conduct or sponsor, and you are not required to respond to, a collection of information unless it displays a currently valid OMB control number.
            [73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 887.11
            Eligibility for grants.

            You are eligible for grants under this part if you are a State or Indian tribe with a reclamation plan approved under part 884 of this chapter. If you are uncertified, you must have State share funds available under § 872.14 of this chapter or Tribal share funds available under § 872.17 of this chapter. If you have certified completion of coal reclamation under section 411(a) of SMCRA, you must have certified in lieu funds available under § 872.32 of this chapter, or prior balance replacement funds available under § 872.29 of this chapter if the State legislature or Tribal council has established this purpose.
            [73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 887.12
            Coverage and amount of grants.
            (a) You may use moneys granted under this part to develop, administer, and operate a subsidence insurance program to insure private property against damages caused by subsidence resulting from underground coal mining. The moneys may be used to cover your costs for services and materials according to OMB cost principles, Circular A-87. You may use eligible grant moneys to cover capitalization requirements and initial reserve requirements mandated by applicable State or Tribal law provided use of such moneys is consistent with the 43 CFR part 12.
            (b) You must submit a grant application under the procedures of part 885 of this chapter for certified States and Indian tribes or part 886 of this chapter for uncertified States or Indian tribes. Your application must include the following:
            (1) A narrative statement describing how the subsidence insurance program is “State or Indian tribe administered”; and
            (2) A narrative statement describing how the funds requested will achieve a self-sustaining individual State or Indian tribe administered program to insure private property against subsidence resulting from underground coal mining.
            (c) Grants awarded to you under this part cannot exceed a cumulative total over the lifetime of the program of $3 million.
            (d) You may not use grant moneys from the Fund for lands that are ineligible for reclamation funding under Title IV of SMCRA.
            (e) Insurance premiums must be considered program income and must be used to further eligible subsidence insurance program objectives in accordance with 43 CFR part 12.
            [73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 887.13
            Grant period.
            The grant funding period must not exceed 8 years from the time we approve the grant. You must return any unexpended funds remaining at the end of any grant period to us according to 43 CFR part 12.
            [73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

            § 887.15
            Grant administration requirements and procedures.
            The requirements and procedures for grant administration set forth in part 885 of this chapter for reclamation grants to certified States and Indian tribes or in part 886 of this chapter for reclamation grants to uncertified States and Indian tribes must be used for subsidence insurance funds in grants.
            [73 FR 67647, Nov. 14, 2008]

        SUBCHAPTER S [RESERVED]

        SUBCHAPTER T—PROGRAMS FOR THE CONDUCT OF SURFACE MINING OPERATIONS WITHIN EACH STATE

          Pt. 900
          PART 900—INTRODUCTION

            Sec.
            900.1
            Scope.
            900.2
            Objectives.
            900.4
            Responsibilities.
            900.11
            Organization of this subchapter.
            900.12
            State regulatory programs.
            900.13
            Federal programs and Federal coal exploration programs.
            900.14
            Abandoned mine land programs.
            900.15
            Federal lands program cooperative agreements.

            Authority:
            Secs. 102, 201, 405, 503, 504, 505 and 523 of Pub. L. 95-87 (30 U.S.C. 1202, 1211, 1235, 1253, 1254, and 1273).

            Source:
            48 FR 6334, Feb. 11, 1983, unless otherwise noted.

            § 900.1
            Scope.
            This part sets forth the purpose and organization of parts 901-955 of this subchapter.
            [51 FR 19461, May 29, 1986]

            § 900.2
            Objectives.
            The objective of this part is to provide an introduction to the synopsis of the approved State programs, the Abandoned Mined Lands Reclamation programs, the cross referencing provisions of Federal programs and the full texts of State and Federal cooperative agreements for regulation of mining on Federal lands. The introduction explains the content and authority of the permanent regulatory programs.

            § 900.4
            Responsibilities.
            (a) Each State that has surface coal mining and reclamation operations or coal exploration activities on non-Federal, non-Indian lands must have either an approved State program or a promulgated Federal program as required by Title V of the Act and 30 CFR chapter VII, subchapter C. Approval of a State program and promulgation of a Federal program are described in the paragraphs below.
            (b) Under section 503 of the Act and 30 CFR parts 730, 731 and 732 a State in which there are coal exploration activities or surface mining and reclamation operations must submit a State program to the Secretary for approval if it wishes to assume exclusive regulatory jurisdiction on non-Federal and non-Indian lands within its borders. The State programs must meet the requirements of the Act and 30 CFR chapter VII, subchapter C.
            (c) Pursuant to section 504 of SMCRA and 30 CFR 736.11, OSM must promulgate and implement a Federal program in each State in which the Director reasonably expects coal exploration or surface coal mining and reclamation operations to exist on non-Federal and non-Indian lands at any time before June, 1985, and either: (1) The State does not submit a State program, (2) the Secretary of the Interior finally disapproves the program submitted by the State, or (3) the Secretary of the Interior withdraws approval of the State program.
            (d) Under section 405 of SMCRA and 30 CFR part 884, each State having within its borders coal mined lands eligible for reclamation under Title IV of SMCRA, may submit to the Secretary a State Reclamation Plan, demonstrating its capability for administering an abandoned mine reclamation program. Title IV provides that the Secretary may approve the plan once the State has an approved regulatory program under Title V of SMCRA. If the Secretary determines that a State has developed and submitted a program for reclamation and has the necessary State legislation to implement the provisions of Title IV, the Secretary shall grant the State exclusive responsibility and authority to implement the provisions of the approved plan. Section 405 of SMCRA (30 U.S.C. 1235) contains the requirements for State reclamation plans.
            (e) States with approved programs may enter into cooperative agreements with OSM in order to become the regulatory authority for coal mining on Federal lands, in accordance with 30 CFR chapter VII, subchapter D.

            § 900.11
            Organization of this subchapter.
            Parts 901 through 950 are reserved for each State alphabetically. The program applicable within each State is codified in the part for that State. In addition, part 955 establishes rules pursuant to part 850 of this chapter for the training, examination and certification of blasters by OSM for surface coal mining operations in States with Federal programs and on Indian lands.
            [51 FR 19461, May 29, 1986]

            § 900.12
            State regulatory programs.
            (a) Upon approval of a State regulatory program the Secretary will publish a final rule to be codified under the applicable part number assigned to the State. The full text will not appear below. Notification of the approval of the program and the dates on which any amendments were submitted will appear. Also included below are the addresses of OSM Headquarters, field and State Regulatory Authority offices where copies of the State programs are available for inspection and copying.
            (b) Provisions of approved State regulatory programs or permits issued pursuant to an approved State regulatory program may be enforced by the Secretary or his authorized agents pursuant to sections 504(b) and 521 of the Act and part 842 of this chapter.

            § 900.13
            Federal programs and Federal coal exploration programs.
            The rules for each Federal program and Federal coal exploration program are codified below under the assigned part for the particular State. Rules governing the training, examination and certification of blasters for surface coal mining operations in States with Federal programs are codified in part 955, and referenced by each Federal program.
            [51 FR 19461, May 29, 1986]

            § 900.14
            Abandoned mine land programs.
            Programs for reclamation of abandoned mine lands are codified under the applicable part for the State. The date of submittal and approval and the addresses at which copies of the program are available appear below in the applicable part for each State.

            § 900.15
            Federal lands program cooperative agreements.
            The full text of any State and Federal cooperative agreement for the regulation of coal exploration and mining on Federal lands is published below under the applicable part. In addition, those requirements of a State program which are applicable on Federal lands in the State shall be specified.

          Pt. 901
          PART 901—ALABAMA

            Sec.
            901.1
            Scope.
            901.10
            State regulatory program approval.
            901.15
            Approval of Alabama regulatory program amendments.
            901.16
            Required regulatory program amendments. [Reserved]
            901.20
            Approval of Alabama abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            901.25
            Approval of Alabama abandoned mine land reclamation plan amendments.
            901.30
            State-Federal cooperative agreement.

            Authority:
            30 U.S.C. 1201 et seq.

            § 901.1
            Scope.
            This part contains all rules applicable only within Alabama that have been adopted under the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977.
            [47 FR 22057, May 20, 1982]

            § 901.10
            State regulatory program approval.
            The Secretary conditionally approved the Alabama regulatory program, as resubmitted on January 11, 1982, and clarified in a meeting with OSM on April 9, 1982, and in a letter to OSM on May 14, 1982, effective May 20, 1982. He removed the last condition of program approval effective July 18, 1996. Copies of the approved program are available at:
            (a) Alabama Surface Mining Reclamation Commission, 1811 Second Avenue, 2nd Floor, P.O. Box 2390, Jasper, AL 35502.
            (b) Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Birmingham Field Office, Barber Business Park, 135 Gemini Circle, Homewood, AL 35209.
            [64 FR 20165, Apr. 26, 1999]

            § 901.15
            Approval of Alabama regulatory program amendments.

            The following is a list of the dates amendments were submitted to OSM, the dates when the Director's decision approving all, or portions of these amendments, were published in the Federal Register and the State citations or a brief description of each amendment. The amendments in this table are listed in order of the date of final publication in the Federal Register.

                Original amendment submission date
                Date of final publication
                Citation/description

                November 24, 1982
                July 27, 1983
                Recodification of ASMC Rules

                August 29, 1983
                March 2, 1984
                Ala. Code 9-16-75, 79(1)(a), 87(d), 89(h)(2), 90(b)(10)(b.1), 92(a)(4), 93(f), 94(a), (e), 95 (f), 99(2), 105; ASMC Rules 880-X-: 2A-.06(xx), (yy), (fff), (www)(5), (kkkkkk)(1); 5A-.02(1)(i), .17(1)(n), .18, .36; 8C-.09; 8D-.05(1)(b), (4); 8E-.06(2), (5)(a); 8F-.07, .08(1)(d), (p), (2), .09(2)(e); 8G-.05(1)(b), (4); 8H-.06(2), (5)(a); 8I-.07(1)(d), (2), (p), .08(2)(e), .09; 8J-.09(4)(i), .11; 8K-.05(4)(a), .12(1)(a), (b); 8N-.07, (c), .08, .09, .13(d); 10A-.03; 10B-.06(a); 10C-.03, .30 through .35, .34-4(e)(2), .64(3); 10D-.03, .28-32, .31-4(e)(2), .62(3); 10G-.01, .07(a); 10J; 11C-.02(1)(b), (2)(b).

                November 28, 1983
                July 5, 1984
                ASMC Rules 880-X-8C-.06; 10C-.13, .17, .20, .27, .36; 10D-.13, .17, .20, .25, .33; Ala. revised systems Ch. V, § 731.14(f), (g)(9).

                January 9, 1984
                September 27, 1984
                ASMC Rules 880-X-10C-.30(c); 10D-.28(3); 12A-.01 through .08; and other items.

                May 22, 1985
                July 19, 1985
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2E.

                April 2, 1985
                December 3, 1985
                Staffing levels.

                May 7, 1986
                August 14, 1986
                Ala. Senate Bill 445.

                May 20, 1986
                September 8, 1986
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2A-.06, 8J-.11.

                November 22, 1989
                February 5, 1991
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2A-.06; 2B-.01; 7B-.07; 7D-.10; 8A-.07; 8B-.06; 8C-.08; 8D-.08, .14; 8E-.05, .06, .10, .11; 8F-.08, .14, .18; 8G-.08, .14; 8H-.05, .06, .10, .11; 8I-.07, .14, .18; 8J-.04, .08; 8K-.05 through .09, .11 through .16; 8M-.07 through .12; 10B-.04, .05, .06; 10C-.08, .12, .14, .24, .26, .28, .37 through .49, .52 through .56, .58 through .61, .63; 10D-.08, .12, .14, .23, .24, .26, .34 through .45, .48, .49, .52, .53, .54, .55, .57, .59, .60, .61; 10F-.03; 10G; 10I-.04, .06; 11A-.04; 11B-.02; 11C-.02; 11D-.10; 11E.

                July 16, 1990
                February 28, 1991
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2A-.07(1)(c); 2E-.01 through .11.

                July 16, 1990
                July 3, 1991
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2A-.06, .07; 8B-.03; 8C-.01 through .07, .09, .10; 8F-.11, .17, .19; 8I-.12, .17, .19; 8J-.08; 9A-.04; 9B-.04; 9C-.03, (7), .04; 9D-.02; 9E-.05; 10B-.01, 02, .06, .07; 10C-.17, .20, .62, .67 through .71; 10D-.17, .20, .56, .65 through .69; 10G-.05.

                November 22, 1989, July 16, 1990, August 1, 1991
                May 11, 1992
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2A-.06, .07(3); 6A-.06; 8D-.05, .06; 8G-.05, .06; 8I-.10; 8K-.10, .11, .17, .18; 10C-.40, .45, .62; 10D-.56, .58; 11C-.02.

                June 23, 1993
                October 21, 1993
                ASMC Rules 880-X-8D-.05(8), .09(2); 8F-.08(2)(j); 8G-.05(8), .09(2); 8I-.07(2)(j), .16(1); 8K-.10(1)(a); 10C-.41(1); 10J-.03(f); 12A-.07.

                March 28, 1997
                December 22, 1997
                880-X-5A-.22(1)(a), (1)(b) and (2); 880-X-6A-.06(k); 880-X-7B-.07(5); 880-X-9E-.05(2) and (3); 880-X-10C-.23(2)(a), .36(13)(b) and (b)(1), (15)(b)(3), and (16)(a), .38(1)(d) through (1)(f), .40(3)(a); 880-X-10D-.33(13)(b) and (b)(1), (15)(b)(3), and (16)(a), .34(1)(d) through (1)(f), and .36(3)(a).

                April 14, 1998
                July 6, 1998
                Code of Ala. Sections 9-16-83(c) and (h); 9-16-91(e).

                August 4, 1998
                December 4, 1998
                880-X-2A-.06; .08; 880-X-6A-.06(d)3.; 880-X-8F-.08(1)(e), (l) and (o); .09(2)(d); .11(1), (1)(b) and (c), (2), (3)(c), (6); .20; 880-X-8H-.06(1)(e)3.(iv); 880-X-8I-.07(1)(e),(l) and (o); .10(1), (2), (2) (b), (g) and (h); .12(1), (1) (b) and (c), (2), (3)(c), (6); .20; 880-X-8J-.13; 880-X-8K-.10(2)(d), (3)(m); 880-X-8N-.07(c); .10; .13(1), (1) (c), (e) and (f), (2);880X-9D-.02(1)(c);880-X-10C-.17(1) (a) and (c), (3)(b); .20(1)(a), (d), (e), (f)1., (i)2.(i) and (iii), (l), (3)(b)1. and 2.; .38(1); .54; .55; .62(3); 880-X-10D-.12(9); .17(1) (a) and (c), (3)(b); .20(1) (a), (d), (e), (f)1., (i)2. (i) and (iii), (l), (3)(b)1.and .2; .34(1); .56(3); .58; 880-X-10G-.03(2); .04(3)(b); 880-X-11B-.02 (8)(d), (9); 880-X-11D-.11(1).

                August 17, 1999
                June 8, 2000
                ASMCRA sections 9-16-91(e)(1), (e)(3), (e)(4); and (f).

                April 11, 2000
                June 22, 2000
                880-X-2A-.06; 880-X-2D-.04(1) and .06;880-X-8I-.08(2)(d);880-X-8I-.10(2)(h).

                August 28, 2001
                February 5, 2002
                ASMC Rules 880-X-2A-.06; 7B-.06(a) through (g), .07 through .12; 8C-.05(1)(g), .06(2)(e); 8D-.08(3); and 8F-.14(1)(2).

                October 17, 2002
                April 10, 2003
                ASMC 880-X-1B; 880-X-6A-.06(g)2(ii)(I).

                July 18, 2008
                September 23, 2008
                ASMC 880-X-8B-.07 and 880-X-11D-.06.

                January 5, 2010
                February 22, 2011
                ASMCRA sections 9-16-73; 9-16-74; 9-16-77; 9-16-78; 9-16-81(a) through (d) and (f); and 9-16-93(b) through (f).

                October 28, 2010
                May 24, 2011
                Sections 880-X-6A-.07, 880-X-6A-.08, and 880-X-12A-.09.

                June 26, 2012
                February 19, 2013
                ASMC sections 880-X-10C-.62(1)(c) and (d); 880-X-10C-.62(2)(c)(iv), (e), and (g); 880-X-10D-.56(1)(c) and (d); and 880-X-10D-.56 (2)(c)(iv), (e), and (g).

                March 18, 2016
                October 26, 2016
                Alabama Code 880-X-5A-.35.

                June 12, 2015
                April 27, 2018
                ASMCRA 9-16-79 and 9-16-79(4)b.

                August 14, 2017
                August 29, 2018
                Alabama Administrative Code 880-X-8B-.07.

                June 21, 2017
                August 29, 2018
                Code of Alabama Section 9-16-83.

            [62 FR 9933, Mar. 5, 1997, as amended at 62 FR 66821, Dec. 22, 1997; 63 FR 35807, July 1, 1998; 63 FR 66987, Dec. 4, 1998; 65 FR 36338, June 8, 2000; 65 FR 38727, June 22, 2000; 67 FR 5207, Feb. 5, 2002; 68 FR 17548, Apr. 10, 2003; 73 FR 54681, Sept. 23, 2008; 76 FR 9646, Feb. 22, 2011; 76 FR 30010, May 24, 2011; 78 FR 11579, Feb. 19, 2013; 81 FR 74304, Oct. 26, 2016; 83 FR 18412, Apr. 27, 2018; 83 FR 43974, 43976, Aug. 29, 2018]

            § 901.16
            Required regulatory program amendments. [Reserved]

            § 901.20
            Approval of Alabama abandoned mine land reclamation plan.
            The Secretary approved the Alabama abandoned mine land reclamation plan, as submitted on May 29, 1981, and revised on August 13, 1981, effective May 20, 1982. Copies of the plan are available at:
            (a) Alabama Department of Industrial Relations, 649 Monroe Street, Montgomery, AL 36131.
            (b) Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Birmingham Field Office, Barber Business Park, 135 Gemini Circle, Homewood, AL 35209.
            [64 FR 20166, Apr. 26, 1999]

            § 901.25
            Approval of Alabama abandoned mine land reclamation plan amendments.

            The following is a list of the dates amendments were submitted to OSM, the dates when the Director's decision approving all, or portions of these amendments, were published in the Federal Register and the State citations or a brief description of each amendment. The amendments in this table are listed in order of the date of final publication in the Federal Register.

                Original amendment submission date
                Date of final publication
                Citation/description

                June 15, 1987
                July 7, 1988
                Alabama policies and procedures for land acquisition, management and disposal of property, and reclamation on private lands.

                April 25, 1990
                August 31, 1990
                Emergency program.

                June 26, 1992
                January 12, 1993
                Ranking and selection of AML projects.

                October 1, 1993
                June 30, 1994
                Eligibility and definition of AML.

                December 5, 1994
                August 15, 1995
                Ranking and selection of AML projects; administrative and management structure.

                June 7, 2016
                June 22, 2018
                Abandoned Mine Land Reclamation Plan for the State of Alabama.

            [62 FR 9934, Mar. 5, 1997, as amended at 83 FR 29001, June 22, 2018]

            § 901.30
            State-Federal cooperative agreement.

            The Governor of the State of Alabama and the Secretary of the Department of the Interior (Secretary) enter into a Cooperative Agreement (Agreement) to read as follows:

              Article I: Introduction, Purpose and Responsible Agencies
              A. Authority: This agreement is authorized by section 523(c) of the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (the Act), 30 U.S.C. 1273(c), which allows a State with a permanent regulatory program approved by the Secretary under 30 U.S.C. 1253, to elect to enter into an Agreement for State regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands. This Agreement provides for State regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations in Alabama subject to the Federal lands program (30 CFR parts 740-746), consistent with State and Federal Acts governing such activities, and the Alabama State Program (Program).
              B. Purpose: The purposes of this Agreement are to (a) foster Federal-State cooperation in the regulation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations; (b) minimize intergovernmental overlap and duplication; and (c) provide uniform and effective application of the Program on all lands in Alabama in accordance with the Act, the Program, and this Agreement.
              C. Responsible Administrative Agencies: The Alabama Surface Mining Commission (ASMC) shall be responsible for administering this Agreement on behalf of the Governor. The Office of Surface Mining (OSM) shall administer this Agreement on behalf of the Secretary.
              Article II: Effective Date

              After it has been signed by the Secretary and the Governor, this Agreement shall be effective 30 days after publication in the Federal Register as a final rule. This Agreement shall remain in effect until terminated as provided in Article XI.
              Article III: Definitions
              The terms and phrases used in this Agreement which are defined in the Act, 30 CFR 700, 701, and 740, the approved State Program and the State Act, and in the rules and regulations promulgated pursuant to those Acts, shall be given the meanings set forth in said definitions. Where there is a conflict between the above referenced State and Federal definitions, the definitions used in the approved State Program will apply, except in the case of a term which defines the Secretary's continuing responsibilities under the Act and other laws.
              Article IV: Applicability
              In accordance with the Federal lands program in 30 CFR part 745, the laws, regulations, terms and conditions of the Program are applicable to lands in Alabama subject to the Federal lands program except as otherwise stated in this Agreement, the Act, 30 CFR 745.13, or other applicable laws or regulations.
              Article V: General Requirements
              The Governor and the Secretary affirm that they will comply with all the provisions of this Agreement.
              A. Authority of State Agency: ASMC has and shall continue to have the authority under State law to carry out this Agreement.
              B. Funds: Upon application by ASMC and subject to appropriations, OSM shall provide the State with the funds to defray the costs associated with carrying out responsibilities under this Agreement as provided in section 705(c) of the Act and 30 CFR 735.16. Such funds shall cover the full cost of carrying out these responsibilities provided that such cost does not exceed the estimated cost the Federal government would have expended in regulating surface coal mining operations on Federal lands in Alabama in the absence of an agreement. If the State requests funds and sufficient funds have not been appropriated to OSM, OSM and the ASMC shall promptly meet to decide on appropriate measures that will insure that mining operations are regulated in accordance with the Program. If agreement cannot be reached, then either party may terminate the Agreement in accordance with 30 CFR 745.15. Funds provided to the State under this Agreement shall be adjusted in accordance with Office of Management and Budget Circular A-102, Attachment E.
              C. Reports and Records: ASMC shall make annual reports to OSM containing information with respect to compliance with the terms of this Agreement, pursuant to 30 CFR 745.12(d). Upon request, ASMC and OSM shall exchange information developed under this Agreement, except where prohibited by Federal law.
              OSM shall provide ASMC with a copy of any final evaluation report prepared concerning State administration and enforcement of this Agreement.
              D. Personnel: ASMC shall have the necessary personnel to fully implement this agreement in accordance with the provisions of the Act and the approved State Program.
              E. Equipment and Laboratories: ASMC will assure itself access to equipment, laboratories, and facilities with which all inspections, investigations, studies, tests, and analyses can be performed which are necessary to carry out the requirements of the Agreement.
              F. Permit Application Fees and Civil Penalties: The amount of the fee accompanying an application for a permit shall be determined in accordance with section 15 of the Alabama Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1981, Section 880-X-8B-.07 of the State regulations, and the applicable provisions of the State Program and Federal law. All permit fees and civil penalties collected from operations on Federal lands will be retained by the State and shall be deposited with the State Treasurer in the Alabama Surface Mining Fund. The financial status report submitted pursuant to 30 CFR 735.26 shall include the amount of fees collected during the prior State fiscal year.
              Article VI: Review of Permit Application Package
              A. Submission of Permit Application Package: ASMC and the Secretary shall require an operator proposing to conduct surface coal mining operations on Federal lands covered by this Agreement to submit a permit application package (PAP) in an appropriate number of copies to ASMC. ASMC shall furnish OSM with an appropriate number of copies of the PAP. The PAP shall be in the form required by ASMC and include any supplemental information required by OSM or the Federal land management agency. At a minimum, the PAP shall include the information necessary for ASMC to make a determination of compliance with the State Program and for the appropriate Federal agency to make a determination of compliance with applicable requirements of Federal laws and regulations for which it is responsible.
              B. Review Procedures Where Leased Federally-Owned Coal Is Not Involved:

              1. ASMC shall assume primary responsibility for the analysis, review and approval or disapproval of the permit application component of the PAP required by 30 CFR 740.13 for surface coal mining and reclamation operations under the Federal lands program in Alabama not requiring a mining plan under 30 CFR 746.11. ASMC shall be the primary point of contact for operators regarding decisions on the PAP and will be responsible for informing the applicant of determinations.
              2. Upon receipt of a PAP that involves surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands not containing leased Federal coal, ASMC shall (1) transmit a copy of the complete PAP to the Federal land management agency with a request for review pursuant to 30 CFR 740.13(c)(4), and (2) provide OSM with a complete copy of the PAP and any additional information necessary to allow OSM to determine whether the operations are prohibited or limited by the requirements of section 522(e) (1) or (2) of the Federal Act (30 U.S.C. 1272(e)) and 30 CFR part 761 with respect to areas designated therein by Congress as unsuitable for mining. Except as specified by paragraph 5 of this article, ASMC shall be responsible for obtaining, in a timely manner, the views and determinations of any other Federal agencies with jurisdiction or responsibility over Federal lands affected by a PAP in Alabama.
              3. OSM will provide technical assistance to ASMC when requested if available resources allow and will process requests for determinations of compatibility and valid existing rights under 30 CFR part 761 relating to areas designated by Congress under section 522(e)(1) or (2) as unsuitable for mining. OSM will be responsible for ensuring that any information OSM receives from an applicant is promptly sent to ASMC. OSM shall have access to ASMC files concerning mines on Federal lands. The Secretary reserves the right to act independently of ASMC to carry out his responsibilities under laws other than the Federal Act. A copy of all resulting correspondence with the applicant that may have a bearing on decisions regarding the PAP shall be sent to the State.
              4. ASMC shall review the PAP for compliance with the Program.
              5. Prior to making a decision on a PAP for proposed surface coal mining and reclamation operations for which there is no other concurrent Secretarial action that would trigger compliance with section 7 of the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. 1536, ASMC shall obtain the written concurrence of OSM regarding the effect the proposed operations would have on threatened and endangered species and critical habitat in the area affected by the proposed operations, and shall include in any permit that is issued for such operations any terms or conditions which OSM may require to avoid the likelihood of actions which would jeopardize the continued existence of any such species or result in the destruction or adverse modification of its critical habitat.
              6. The permit issued by ASMC shall incorporate any terms or conditions imposed by the Federal land management agency, including conditions relating to post-mining land use, and shall condition the initiation of surface coal mining and reclamation operations on compliance with the requirements of the Federal land management agency. After issuing the decision on the PAP, ASMC shall send a notice to the applicant, the Federal land management agency, and OSM with a copy of the permit and written findings.
              C. Review Procedures Where Leased Federally-Owned Coal is Involved:

              1. ASMC shall assume primary responsibility for the analysis, review and approval or disapproval of the permit application component of the PAP for surface coal mining and reclamation operations on Federal lands in Alabama where a mining plan is required by 30 CFR 746.11. OSM, as requested, shall assist the State in this analysis and review. The Department of the Interior (Department) shall concurrently carry out its responsibilities under the Mineral Leasing Act (MLA), the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), and other applicable Federal laws that cannot be delegated to the State. The Department shall carry out these responsibilities in accordance with the Federal lands program and this Agreement in a timely manner so as to avoid, to the extent possible, duplication of the responsibilities of the State as set forth in this Agreement and the Program. Responsibilities and decisions which can be delegated to the State under other applicable Federal laws may be specified in working agreements between OSM and the State without amendment to this Agreement. The Secretary will consider the information in the PAP and, where appropriate, make decisions required by the Federal Act, MLA, NEPA, and other Federal laws.

              2. ASMC will be the primary point of contact for operators regarding the review of the PAP, except on matters concerned exclusively with 43 CFR parts 3480-3487, administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM). ASMC will be responsible for informing the applicant of all joint State-Federal determinations. The Secretary may act independently of the State to carry out responsibilities under laws other than the Federal Act or provisions of the Act not covered by the Program, and in instances of disagreement over the Act and the Federal lands program. ASMC shall send to OSM, copies of any correspondence with the applicant and any information received from the applicant regarding the mining plan including the operation and reclamation plan portion of the permit application. OSM shall send to ASMC copies of all independent correspondence with the applicant which may have a bearing on the PAP. As a matter of practice, OSM will not independently initiate contacts with applicants regarding completeness or deficiencies of the PAP with respect to matters covered by the Program.
              3. ASMC shall assume the responsibilities listed in 30 CFR 740.4(c) (1), (2), (4), (5), and (6). OSM shall retain the responsibilities listed in 30 CFR 740.4(c)(3) and the exceptions specified in (c)(7) (i) through (vii). OSM shall assist the State in carrying out its responsibilities by:
              (a) Distributing copies of the PAP to, and coordinating the review of the PAP among, all Federal agencies which have responsibilities relating to decisions on the PAP. This shall be done in a manner which ensures timely identification, communication and resolution of issues relating to those Federal agencies' statutory requirements. OSM shall request that such other Federal agencies furnish their findings and any requests for additonal data to OSM within 45 calendar days of their receipt of the PAP.
              (b) Providing ASMC with the analyses and conclusions of other Federal agencies.
              (c) Addressing conflicts and difficulties of the other Federal agencies in a timely manner.
              (d) Assisting in scheduling joint meetings as necessary between State and Federal agencies.
              (e) Where OSM is assisting ASMC in reviewing the permit application, furnish the State with the work product within 45 calendar days of receipt of the State's request for such assistance, or earlier if mutually agreed upon by OSM and the State.
              (f) Exercising its responsibilities in a timely manner as set forth in a mutually agreed upon schedule, governed to the extent possible by the deadlines established in the Program.
              (g) Assuming all responsibility for ensuring compliance with any Federal lessee protection bond requirement.
              4. Review of the PAP:
              (a) OSM and ASMC shall coordinate with each other during the review process as needed. ASMC shall keep OSM informed of findings during the review process which bear on the responsibilities of other Federal agencies. OSM shall ensure that any information OSM receives which has a bearing on decisions regarding the PAP is promptly sent to ASMC.
              (b) The State shall review the PAP for compliance with the Program.
              (c) OSM shall review the PAP for compliance with the Act and the requirements of other Federal laws and regulations. OSM and ASMC shall develop a work plan and schedule for PAP review and each shall identify a person as the project leader. The OSM project leader shall serve as the primary point of contact between OSM and ASMC throughout the review process. Not later than 50 days after receipt of the PAP, OSM shall furnish ASMC with its preliminary findings on the PAP and specify any requirements for additional data. To the extent practicable, the State shall provide OSM all available information that may aid OSM in preparing any findings.
              (d) ASMC shall provide to OSM written findings indicating whether the PAP is in compliance with the Program, and a technical analysis of the PAP.
              (e) ASMC may proceed to issue a permit in accordance with the Program prior to the necessary Secretarial decision on the mining plan, provided that ASMC advises the operator in the permit that Secretarial approval of a mining plan must be obtained before the operator may conduct surface coal mining operations on Federal lands. ASMC shall reserve the right to amend or rescind any requirements of the approved permit to conform with any terms or conditions imposed by the Secretary in his approval of the mining plan.
              5. Prior to acting on a permit revision or renewal, ASMC shall consult with OSM on whether such revision or renewal constitutes a mining plan modification under 30 CFR 746.18. OSM shall inform the State within 30 days of receiving notice of a proposed revision or renewal, whether any permit revision or renewal constitutes a mining plan modification. Permit revisions which do not constitute mining plan modifications shall be approved solely by the State.
              OSM may establish criteria consistent with 30 CFR 746.18 to determine which permit revisions and renewals clearly do not constitute mining plan modifications. If such criteria are promulgated, revisions or renewals which do not constitute mining plan modifications in accordance with the criteria may be approved by ASMC before it submits copies of the revision or renewal to OSM.
              Article VII: Inspections
              A. ASMC shall conduct inspections on Federal lands and prepare and file inspection reports in accordance with the Program.
              B. ASMC shall, subsequent to conducting any inspection, and on a timely basis, file with OSM a legible copy of the completed State inspection report.

              C. ASMC shall be the point of contact and primary inspection authority in dealing with the operator concerning operations and compliance with the requirements covered by the Agreement, except as described hereinafter. Nothing in this Agreement shall prevent inspections by authorized Federal or State agencies for purposes other than those covered by this Agreement. The Department may conduct any inspections necessary to comply with 30 CFR parts 842 and 843 and its obligations under laws other than the Act.
              D. OSM shall ordinarily give the ASMC reasonable notice of its intent to conduct an inspection under 30 CFR 842.11 in order to provide State inspectors with an opportunity to join in the inspection. When OSM is responding to a citizen complaint of an imminent danger to the public health and safety, or of significant, imminent environmental harm to land, air or water resources, pursuant to 30 CFR 842.11(b)(1)(ii)(C), it will contact ASMC no less than 24 hours prior to the Federal inspection, if practicable, to facilitate a joint Federal/State inspection. All citizen complaints which do not involve an imminent danger or significant imminent environmental harm shall be referred to ASMC for action. The Secretary reserves the right to conduct inspections without prior notice to ASMC to carry out his responsibilities under the Federal Act.
              Article VIII: Enforcement
              A. ASMC shall have primary enforcement authority under the Act concerning compliance with the requirements of this Agreement and the Program. Enforcement authority
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